Comments and queries are welcome and may be addressed to:
Attn.: Office of Public and Agency Information
Washington, DC 20505
Telephone: [1] (703) 351–2053" );; line 5 (wfb::documentation |Notes, Definitions, and Abbreviations| "There have been some significant changes in this edition. The Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands became the independent nation of Palau. The gross domestic product (GDP) of all countries is now presented on a purchasing power parity (PPP) basis rather than on the old exchange rate basis. There is a new entry on Age structure and the Airports entry now includes unpaved runways. The Communications category has been restructured and now includes the entries of Telephone system, Radio, and Television. The remainder of the entries in the former Communications category-Railroads, Highways, Inland waterways, Pipelines, Ports, Merchant marine, and Airports-can now be found under a new category called Transportation. There is a new appendix listing estimates of gross domestic product on an exchange rate basis for all nations. A reference map of the Republic of South Africa is included. The electronic files used to produce the Factbook have been restructured into a database. As a result, the formats of some entries in this edition have been changed. Additional changes will occur in the 1996 Factbook." );; line 22 (wfb::documentation abbreviations " (see for abbreviations for international organizations and groups and for abbreviations for selected international environmental agreements)
avdp. -- avoirdupois
c.i.f. -- cost, insurance, and freight
CY -- calendar year
DWT -- deadweight ton
est. -- estimate
Ex-Im -- Export-Import Bank of the United States
f.o.b. -- free on board
FRG -- Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany); used for information dated before 3 October 1990 or CY91
FSU -- former Soviet Union
FY -- fiscal year (FY93/94, for example, began in calendar year 1993 and ended in calendar year 1994)
FYROM -- The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
GDP -- gross domestic product
GDR -- German Democratic Republic (East Germany); used for information dated before 3 October 1990 or CY91
GNP -- gross national product
GRT -- gross register ton
GWP -- gross world product
km -- kilometer
kW -- kilowatt
kWh -- kilowatt hour
m -- meter
NA -- not available
NEGL -- negligible
nm -- nautical mile
NZ -- New Zealand
ODA -- official development assistance
OOF -- other official flows
PDRY -- People's Democratic Republic of Yemen [Yemen (Aden) or South Yemen]; used for information dated before 22 May 1990 or CY91
sq km -- square kilometer
sq mi -- square mile
UAE -- United Arab Emirates
UK -- United Kingdom
US -- United States
USSR -- Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (Soviet Union); used for information dated before 25 December 1991
YAR -- Yemen Arab Republic [Yemen (Sanaa) or North Yemen]; used for information dated before 22 May 1990 or CY91" );; line 40 (wfb::markup-parameter ref abbreviations "xrefid=\"B\"" );; line 40 (wfb::ref abbreviations "Appendix B" );; line 40 (wfb::markup-parameter ref abbreviations "xrefid=\"D\"" );; line 41 (wfb::ref abbreviations "Appendix D" );; line 41 (wfb::documentation administrative_divisions "The numbers, designatory terms, and first-order administrative divisions are generally those approved by the US Board on Geographic Names (BGN). Changes that have been reported but not yet acted on by BGN are noted." );; line 85 (wfb::documentation airports "Only airports with usable runways are included in this listing. For airports with more than one runway, only the longest runway is included. Not all airports have facilities for refueling, maintenance, or air traffic control. Paved runways have concrete or asphalt surfaces; unpaved runways have grass, dirt, sand, or gravel surfaces." );; line 90 (wfb::documentation area "Total area is the sum of all land and water areas delimited by international boundaries and/or coastlines. Land area is the aggregate of all surfaces delimited by international boundaries and/or coastlines, excluding inland water bodies (lakes, reservoirs, rivers). Comparative areas are based on total area equivalents. Most entities are compared with the entire US or one of the 50 states. The smaller entities are compared with Washington, DC (178 sq km, 69 sq mi) or The Mall in Washington, DC (0.59 sq km, 0.23 sq mi, 146 acres)." );; line 97 (wfb::documentation birth_rate "The average annual number of births during a year per 1,000 population at midyear; also known as crude birth rate. Dates of information: In general, information available as of 1 January 1995 is used in the preparation of this edition. Population figures are estimates for 1 July 1995, with population growth rates estimated for calendar year 1995. Major political events have been updated through April 1995." );; line 106 (wfb::documentation death_rate "The average annual number of deaths during a year per l,000 population at midyear; also known as crude death rate." );; line 114 (wfb::documentation digraphs "The digraph is a two-letter \"country code\" that precisely identifies every entity without overlap, duplication, or omission. AF, for example, is the digraph for Afghanistan. It is a standardized geopolitical data element promulgated in the Federal Information Processing Standards Publication (FIPS) 10-3 by the National Bureau of Standards (now called National Institute of Standards and Technology) at the US Department of Commerce and maintained by the Office of the Geographer at the US Department of State. The digraph is used to eliminate confusion and incompatibility in the collection, processing, and dissemination of area-specific data and is particularly useful for interchanging data between databases." );; line 118 (wfb::documentation diplomatic_representation "The US Government has diplomatic relations with 184 nations, including 178 of the 185 UN members (excluded UN members are Bhutan, Cuba, Iran, Iraq, North Korea, former Yugoslavia, and the US itself). In addition, the US has diplomatic relations with 6 nations that are not in the UN - Holy See, Kiribati, Nauru, Switzerland, Tonga, and Tuvalu." );; line 130 (wfb::documentation economic_aid "This entry refers to bilateral commitments of official development assistance (ODA) and other official flows (OOF). ODA is defined as financial assistance which is concessional in character, has the main objective to promote economic development and welfare of LDCs, and contains a grant element of at least 25%. OOF transactions are also official government assistance, but with a main objective other than development and with a grant element less than 25%. OOF transactions include official export credits (such as Ex-Im Bank credits), official equity and portfolio investment, and debt reorganization by the official sector that does not meet concessional terms. Aid is considered to have been committed when agreements are initialed by the parties involved and constitute a formal declaration of intent." );; line 137 (wfb::documentation entities "Some of the nations, dependent areas, areas of special sovereignty, and governments included in this publication are not independent, and others are not officially recognized by the US Government. \"Nation\" refers to a people politically organized into a sovereign state with a definite territory. \"Dependent area\" refers to a broad category of political entities that are associated in some way with a nation. Names used for page headings are usually the short-form names as approved by the US Board on Geographic Names. There are 266 entities in The World Factbook that may be categorized as follows:" );; line 150 (wfb::documentation nations "184 -- UN members (excluding the former Yugoslavia, which is still counted by the UN)
7 -- nations that are not members of the UN - Holy See, Kiribati, Nauru, Serbia and Montenegro, Switzerland, Tonga, Tuvalu" );; line 161 (wfb::documentation other "1 -- Taiwan" );; line 168 (wfb::documentation dependent_areas "6 -- Australia - Ashmore and Cartier Islands, Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Coral Sea Islands, Heard Island and McDonald Islands, Norfolk Island
2 -- Denmark - Faroe Islands, Greenland
16 -- France - Bassas da India, Clipperton Island, Europa Island, French Guiana, French Polynesia, French Southern and Antarctic Lands, Glorioso Islands, Guadeloupe, Juan de Nova Island, Martinique, Mayotte, New Caledonia, Reunion, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Tromelin Island, Wallis and Futuna
2 -- Netherlands - Aruba, Netherlands Antilles
3 -- New Zealand - Cook Islands, Niue, Tokelau
3 -- Norway - Bouvet Island, Jan Mayen, Svalbard
1 -- Portugal - Macau
16 -- United Kingdom - Anguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Falkland Islands, Gibraltar, Guernsey, Hong Kong, Jersey, Isle of Man, Montserrat, Pitcairn Islands, Saint Helena, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, Turks and Caicos Islands
14 -- United States - American Samoa, Baker Island, Guam, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Islands, Navassa Island, Northern Mariana Islands, Palmyra Atoll, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands, Wake Island" );; line 172 (wfb::documentation miscellaneous "6 -- Antarctica, Gaza Strip, Paracel Islands, Spratly Islands, West Bank, Western Sahara" );; line 195 (wfb::documentation other_entities "4 -- oceans - Arctic Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, Pacific Ocean
1 -- World
266 -- total" );; line 200 (wfb::documentation exchange_rate "The official value of a nation's monetary unit at a given date or over a given period of time, as expressed in units of local currency per US dollar and as determined by international market forces or official fiat." );; line 206 (wfb::documentation gdp_methodology "In the \"Economy\" section, GDP dollar estimates for all countries are derived from purchasing power parity (PPP) calculations rather than from conversions at official currency exchange rates. The PPP method normally involves the use of international dollar price weights, which are applied to the quantities of goods and services produced in a given economy. In addition to the lack of reliable data from the majority of countries, the statistician faces a major difficulty in specifying, identifying, and allowing for the quality of goods and services. The division of a GDP estimate in local currency by the corresponding PPP estimate in dollars gives the PPP conversion rate. On average, one thousand dollars will buy the same market basket of goods in the US as one thousand dollars - converted to the local currency at the PPP conversion rate - will buy in the other country. Whereas PPP estimates for OECD countries are quite reliable, PPP estimates for developing countries are often rough approximations. Most of the GDP estimates are based on extrapolation of numbers published by the UN International Comparison Program and by Professors Robert Summers and Alan Heston of the University of Pennsylvania and their colleagues. Currency exchange rates depend on a variety of international and domestic financial forces that often have little relation to domestic output. In developing countries with weak currencies the exchange rate estimate of GDP in dollars is typically one-fourth to one-half the PPP estimate. Furthermore, exchange rates may suddenly go up or down by 10% or more because of market forces or official fiat whereas real output has remained unchanged. On 12 January 1994, for example, the 14 countries of the African Financial Community (whose currencies are tied to the French franc) devalued their currencies by 50%. This move, of course, did not cut the real output of these countries by half. One important caution: the proportion of, say, defense expenditures as a percentage of GDP in local currency accounts may differ substantially from the proportion when GDP accounts are expressed in PPP terms, as, for example, when an observer tries to estimate the dollar level of Russian or Japanese military expenditures. Note: The numbers for GDP and other economic data can not be chained together from successive volumes of the Factbook because of changes in the US dollar measuring rod, revisions of data by statistical agencies, use of new or different sources of information, and changes in national statistical methods and practices." );; line 211 (wfb::documentation |Gross domestic product (GDP)| "The value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year." );; line 247 (wfb::documentation |Gross national product (GNP)| "The value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year, plus income earned abroad, minus income earned by foreigners from domestic production." );; line 251 (wfb::documentation |Gross world product (GWP)| "The aggregate value of all goods and services produced worldwide in a given year." );; line 256 (wfb::documentation |Growth rate (population)| "The annual percent change in the population, resulting from a surplus (or deficit) of births over deaths and the balance of migrants entering and leaving a country. The rate may be positive or negative." );; line 260 (wfb::documentation illicit_drugs "There are five categories of illicit drugs - narcotics, stimulants, depressants (sedatives), hallucinogens, and cannabis. These categories include many drugs legally produced and prescribed by doctors as well as those illegally produced and sold outside medical channels.
Cannabis (Cannabis sativa) is the common hemp plant, which provides hallucinogens with some sedative properties, and includes marijuana (pot, Acapulco gold, grass, reefer), tetrahydrocannabinol (THC, Marinol), hashish (hash), and hashish oil (hash oil).
Coca (Erythroxylum coca) is a bush, and the leaves contain the stimulant used to make cocaine. Coca is not to be confused with cocoa, which comes from cacao seeds and is used in making chocolate, cocoa, and cocoa butter.
Cocaine is a stimulant derived from the leaves of the coca bush.
Depressants (sedatives) are drugs that reduce tension and anxiety and include chloral hydrate, barbiturates (Amytal, Nembutal, Seconal, phenobarbital), benzodiazepines (Librium, Valium), methaqualone (Quaalude), glutethimide (Doriden), and others (Equanil, Placidyl, Valmid).
Drugs are any chemical substances that effect a physical, mental, emotional, or behavioral change in an individual.
Drug abuse is the use of any licit or illicit chemical substance that results in physical, mental, emotional, or behavioral impairment in an individual.
Hallucinogens are drugs that affect sensation, thinking, self-awareness, and emotion. Hallucinogens include LSD (acid, microdot), mescaline and peyote (mexc, buttons, cactus), amphetamine variants (PMA, STP, DOB), phencyclidine (PCP, angel dust, hog), phencyclidine analogues (PCE, PCPy, TCP), and others (psilocybin, psilocyn).
Hashish is the resinous exudate of the cannabis or hemp plant (Cannabis sativa).
Heroin is a semisynthetic derivative of morphine.
Mandrax is the Southwest Asian slang term for methaqualone, a pharmaceutical depressant.
Marijuana is the dried leaves of the cannabis or hemp plant (Cannabis sativa).
Methaqualone is a pharmaceutical depressant, in slang referred to as Quaaludes in North America or Mandrax in Southwest Asia
Narcotics are drugs that relieve pain, often induce sleep, and refer to opium, opium derivatives, and synthetic substitutes. Natural narcotics include opium (paregoric, parepectolin), morphine (MS-Contin, Roxanol), codeine (Tylenol with codeine, Empirin with codeine, Robitussan AC), and thebaine. Semisynthetic narcotics include heroin (horse, smack), and hydromorphone (Dilaudid). Synthetic narcotics include meperidine or Pethidine (Demerol, Mepergan), methadone (Dolophine, Methadose), and others (Darvon, Lomotil).
Opium is the milky exudate of the incised, unripe seedpod of the opium poppy.
Opium poppy (Papaver somniferum) is the source for many natural and semisynthetic narcotics.
Poppy straw concentrate is the alkaloid derived from the mature dried opium poppy.
Qat (kat, khat) is a stimulant from the buds or leaves of catha edulis that is chewed or drunk as tea.
Quaaludes is the North American slang term for methaqualone, a pharmaceutical depressant.
Stimulants are drugs that relieve mild depression, increase energy and activity, and include cocaine (coke, snow, crack), amphetamines (Desoxyn, Dexedrine), phenmetrazine (Preludin), methylphenidate (Ritalin), and others (Cylert, Sanorex, Tenuate)." );; line 265 (wfb::documentation infant_mortality_rate "The number of deaths to infants under one year old in a given year per l,000 live births occurring in the same year." );; line 325 (wfb::documentation international_disputes "This category includes a wide variety of situations that range from traditional bilateral boundary disputes to unilateral claims of one sort or another. Information regarding disputes over international boundaries and maritime boundaries has been reviewed by the Department of State. References to other situations involving borders or frontiers may also be included, such as resource disputes, geopolitical questions, or irredentist issues. However, inclusion does not necessarily constitute official acceptance or recognition by the US Government." );; line 329 (wfb::documentation irrigated_land "The figure refers to the land area that is artificially supplied with water." );; line 339 (wfb::documentation land_use "The land surface is categorized as arable land - land cultivated for crops that are replanted after each harvest (wheat, maize, rice); permanent crops - land cultivated for crops that are not replanted after each harvest (citrus, coffee, rubber); meadows and pastures - land permanently used for herbaceous forage crops; forest and woodland - under dense or open stands of trees; and other - any land type not specifically mentioned above (urban areas, roads, desert)." );; line 343 (wfb::documentation leaders "The chief of state is the titular leader of the country who represents the state at official and ceremonial functions but is not involved with the day- to-day activities of the government. The head of government is the administrative leader who manages the day-to-day activities of the government. In the UK, the monarch is the chief of state, and the Prime Minister is the head of government. In the US, the President is both the chief of state and the head of government." );; line 352 (wfb::documentation life_expectancy_at_birth "The average number of years to be lived by a group of people all born in the same year, if mortality at each age remains constant in the future." );; line 361 (wfb::documentation literacy "There are no universal definitions and standards of literacy. Unless otherwise noted, all rates are based on the most common definition - the ability to read and write at a specified age. Detailing the standards that individual countries use to assess the ability to read and write is beyond the scope of this publication." );; line 366 (wfb::documentation maritime_claims "The proximity of neighboring states may prevent some national claims from being extended the full distance." );; line 373 (wfb::documentation merchant_marine "All ships engaged in the carriage of goods. All commercial vessels (as opposed to all nonmilitary ships), which excludes tugs, fishing vessels, offshore oil rigs, etc. Also, a grouping of merchant ships by nationality or register.
Captive register - A register of ships maintained by a territory, possession, or colony primarily or exclusively for the use of ships owned in the parent country; also referred to as an offshore register, the offshore equivalent of an internal register. Ships on a captive register will fly the same flag as the parent country, or a local variant of it, but will be subject to the maritime laws and taxation rules of the offshore territory. Although the nature of a captive register makes it especially desirable for ships owned in the parent country, just as in the internal register, the ships may also be owned abroad. The captive register then acts as a flag of convenience register, except that it is not the register of an independent state.
Flag of convenience register - A national register offering registration to a merchant ship not owned in the flag state. The major flags of convenience (FOC) attract ships to their registers by virtue of low fees, low or nonexistent taxation of profits, and liberal manning requirements. True FOC registers are characterized by having relatively few of the ships registered actually owned in the flag state. Thus, while virtually any flag can be used for ships under a given set of circumstances, an FOC register is one where the majority of the merchant fleet is owned abroad. It is also referred to as an open register.
Flag state - The nation in which a ship is registered and which holds legal jurisdiction over operation of the ship, whether at home or abroad. Flag state maritime legislation determines how a ship is manned and taxed and whether a foreign-owned ship may be placed on the register.
Internal register - A register of ships maintained as a subset of a national register. Ships on the internal register fly the national flag and have that nationality but are subject to a separate set of maritime rules from those on the main national register. These differences usually include lower taxation of profits, manning by foreign nationals, and, usually, ownership outside the flag state (when it functions as an FOC register). The Norwegian International Ship Register and Danish International Ship Register are the most notable examples of an internal register. Both have been instrumental in stemming flight from the national flag to flags of convenience and in attracting foreign owned ships to the Norwegian and Danish flags.
Merchant ship - A vessel that carries goods against payment of freight; commonly used to denote any nonmilitary ship but accurately restricted to commercial vessels only.
Register - The record of a ship's ownership and nationality as listed with the maritime authorities of a country; also, the compendium of such individual ships' registrations. Registration of a ship provides it with a nationality and makes it subject to the laws of the country in which registered (the flag state) regardless of the nationality of the ship's ultimate owner." );; line 377 (wfb::documentation money_figures "All money figures are expressed in contemporaneous US dollars unless otherwise indicated." );; line 426 (wfb::documentation national_product "The total output of goods and services in a country in a given year. See GDP methodology, Gross domestic product (GDP), and Gross national product (GNP)." );; line 430 (wfb::documentation net_migration_rate "The balance between the number of persons entering and leaving a country during the year per 1,000 persons (based on midyear population). An excess of persons entering the country is referred to as net immigration (3.56 migrants/1,000 population); an excess of persons leaving the country as net emigration (-9.26 migrants/1,000 population)." );; line 435 (wfb::documentation population "Figures are estimates from the Bureau of the Census based on statistics from population censuses, vital statistics registration systems, or sample surveys pertaining to the recent past, and on assumptions about future trends. Starting with the 1993 Factbook, demographic estimates for some countries (mostly African) have taken into account the effects of the growing incidence of AIDS infections; in 1993 these countries were Burkina, Burundi, Central African Republic, Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Kenya, Malawi, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Thailand, Brazil, and Haiti." );; line 442 (wfb::documentation telephone_numbers "All telephone numbers presented in the Factbook consist of the country code in brackets, the city or area code (where required) in parentheses, and the local number. The one component that is not presented is the international access code which varies from country to country. For example, an international direct dial phone call placed from the United States to Madrid, Spain, would be as follows:
011 [34] (1) 577-xxxx where 011 is the international access code for station-to-station calls (01 is for calls other than station-to-station calls), [34] is the country code for Spain, (1) is the city code for Madrid, 577 is the local exchange, and xxxx is the local telephone number.
An international direct dial phone call placed from another country to the United States would be as follows:
international access code + [1] (202) 939-xxxx where [1] is the country code for the United States, (202) is the area code for Washington, DC, 939 is the local exchange, and xxxx is the local telephone number." );; line 452 (wfb::documentation total_fertility_rate "The average number of children that would be born per woman if all women lived to the end of their childbearing years and bore children according to a given fertility rate at each age. Years: All year references are for the calendar year (CY) unless indicated as fiscal year (FY). FY93/94 refers to the fiscal year that began in calendar year 1993 and ended in calendar year 1994 as defined in the Fiscal Year entry of the Economy section for each nation. FY90-94 refers to the four fiscal years that began in calendar year 1990 and ended in calendar year 1994.
Note: Information for the US and US dependencies was compiled from material in the public domain and does not represent Intelligence Community estimates. The Handbook of International Economic Statistics, published annually in September by the Central Intelligence Agency, contains detailed economic information for the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries, Eastern Europe, the newly independent republics of the former nations of Yugoslavia and the Soviet Union, and selected other countries. The Handbook can be obtained wherever The World Factbook is available." );; line 469 (wfb::markup-parameter figure afghanistan "graphno=\"af.tif\"" );; line 491 (wfb::location afghanistan "Southern Asia, north of Pakistan" );; line 495 (wfb::map_references afghanistan "Asia" );; line 499 (wfb::area afghanistan total_area (* 647500 sq_km) );; line 504 (wfb::area afghanistan land_area (* 647500 sq_km) );; line 506 (wfb::area afghanistan comparative_area "slightly smaller than Texas" );; line 508 (wfb::borders afghanistan total (* 5529 km) );; line 512 (wfb::borders afghanistan china (* 76 km) );; line 512 (wfb::borders afghanistan iran (* 936 km) );; line 512 (wfb::borders afghanistan pakistan (* 2430 km) );; line 512 (wfb::borders afghanistan tajikistan (* 1206 km) );; line 512 (wfb::borders afghanistan turkmenistan (* 744 km) );; line 512 (wfb::borders afghanistan uzbekistan (* 137 km) );; line 512 (wfb::comment coastline afghanistan "landlocked" );; line 517 (wfb::coastline afghanistan (* 0 km) );; line 517 (wfb::maritime_claims afghanistan "none; landlocked" );; line 521 (wfb::international_disputes afghanistan "periodic disputes with Iran over Helmand water rights" );; line 525 (wfb::international_disputes afghanistan "Iran supports clients in country, private Pakistani and Saudi sources also are active" );; line 525 (wfb::international_disputes afghanistan "power struggles among various groups for control of Kabul, regional rivalries among emerging warlords, traditional tribal disputes continue" );; line 525 (wfb::international_disputes afghanistan "support to Islamic fighters in Tajikistan's civil war" );; line 525 (wfb::international_disputes afghanistan "border dispute with Pakistan (Durand Line)" );; line 525 (wfb::international_disputes afghanistan "support to Islamic militants worldwide by some factions" );; line 525 (wfb::climate afghanistan "arid to semiarid" );; line 534 (wfb::climate afghanistan "cold winters and hot summers" );; line 534 (wfb::terrain afghanistan "mostly rugged mountains" );; line 538 (wfb::terrain afghanistan "plains in north and southwest" );; line 538 (wfb::natural-resource afghanistan natural_gas );; line 542 (wfb::natural-resource afghanistan petroleum );; line 542 (wfb::natural-resource afghanistan coal );; line 542 (wfb::natural-resource afghanistan copper );; line 542 (wfb::natural-resource afghanistan talc );; line 542 (wfb::natural-resource afghanistan barites );; line 542 (wfb::natural-resource afghanistan sulphur );; line 542 (wfb::natural-resource afghanistan lead );; line 542 (wfb::natural-resource afghanistan zinc );; line 542 (wfb::natural-resource afghanistan iron_ore );; line 542 (wfb::natural-resource afghanistan salt );; line 542 (wfb::natural-resource afghanistan precious_and_semiprecious_stones );; line 542 (wfb::land_use afghanistan arable_land (* 12 %) );; line 548 (wfb::land_use afghanistan permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 550 (wfb::land_use afghanistan meadows_and_pastures (* 46 %) );; line 552 (wfb::land_use afghanistan forest_and_woodland (* 3 %) );; line 554 (wfb::land_use afghanistan other (* 39 %) );; line 556 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land afghanistan date_1989 );; line 560 (wfb::irrigated_land afghanistan (* 26600 sq_km) );; line 560 (wfb::environment afghanistan current_issues "soil degradation" );; line 565 (wfb::environment afghanistan current_issues "overgrazing" );; line 565 (wfb::environment afghanistan current_issues "deforestation (much of the remaining forests are being cut down for fuel and building materials)" );; line 565 (wfb::environment afghanistan current_issues "desertification" );; line 565 (wfb::environment afghanistan natural_hazards "damaging earthquakes occur in Hindu Kush mountains" );; line 569 (wfb::environment afghanistan natural_hazards "flooding" );; line 569 (wfb::environment afghanistan international_agreements "party to - Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban" );; line 571 (wfb::environment afghanistan international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation" );; line 571 (wfb::note afghanistan "landlocked" );; line 577 (wfb::estimation-date population afghanistan date_jul_1995 );; line 583 (wfb::population afghanistan 21251821 );; line 583 (wfb::age_structure afghanistan 0-14_years (* 42 %) );; line 588 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex afghanistan 0-14_years female 4342218 );; line 588 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex afghanistan 0-14_years male 4507141 );; line 588 (wfb::age_structure afghanistan 15-64_years (* 56 %) );; line 590 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex afghanistan 15-64_years female 5406675 );; line 590 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex afghanistan 15-64_years male 6443734 );; line 590 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure afghanistan 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 592 (wfb::age_structure afghanistan 65_years_and_over (* 2 %) );; line 592 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex afghanistan 65_years_and_over female 256443 );; line 592 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex afghanistan 65_years_and_over male 295610 );; line 592 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate afghanistan date_1995 );; line 596 (wfb::population_growth_rate afghanistan (* 14.47 %) );; line 596 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate afghanistan date_1995 );; line 600 (wfb::birth_rate afghanistan (* 42.69 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 600 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate afghanistan date_1995 );; line 604 (wfb::death_rate afghanistan (* 18.53 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 604 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate afghanistan date_1995 );; line 608 (wfb::net_migration_rate afghanistan (* 120.5 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 608 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate afghanistan date_1995 );; line 612 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate afghanistan (* 152.8 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 612 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth afghanistan total_population (* 45.37 years) );; line 617 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth afghanistan male (* 45.98 years) );; line 619 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth afghanistan female date_1995 );; line 621 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth afghanistan female (* 44.72 years) );; line 621 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate afghanistan date_1995 );; line 625 (wfb::total_fertility_rate afghanistan (* 6.21 children_born/woman) );; line 625 (wfb::nationality afghanistan noun "Afghan(s)" );; line 630 (wfb::nationality afghanistan adjective "Afghan" );; line 632 (wfb::comment ethnic_divisions afghanistan "Chahar Aimaks, Turkmen, Baloch, and others" );; line 636 (wfb::ethnic-entity afghanistan pashtun (* 38 %) );; line 636 (wfb::ethnic-entity afghanistan tajik (* 25 %) );; line 636 (wfb::ethnic-entity afghanistan uzbek (* 6 %) );; line 636 (wfb::ethnic-entity afghanistan hazara (* 19 %) );; line 636 (wfb::ethnic-entity afghanistan minor_ethnic_groups n/a );; line 636 (wfb::religion afghanistan sunni_muslim (* 84 %) );; line 641 (wfb::religion afghanistan |Shi'a Muslim| (* 15 %) );; line 641 (wfb::language afghanistan pashtu (* 35 %) );; line 645 (wfb::language afghanistan |Afghan Persian (Dari)| (* 50 %) );; line 645 (wfb::language afghanistan |Turkic languages (primarily Uzbek and Turkmen)| (* 11 %) );; line 645 (wfb::language afghanistan |30 minor languages (primarily Balochi and Pashai)| (* 4 %) );; line 645 (wfb::language afghanistan much_bilingualism n/a );; line 645 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition afghanistan date_1990 );; line 651 (wfb::literacy-condition afghanistan "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 651 (wfb::literacy afghanistan total_population (* 29 %) );; line 653 (wfb::literacy afghanistan male (* 44 %) );; line 655 (wfb::literacy afghanistan female (* 14 %) );; line 657 (wfb::total_labor_force afghanistan 4.98e6 );; line 661 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force afghanistan by_occupation date_1980 );; line 663 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1980 );; line 663 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation afghanistan agriculture_and_animal_husbandry (* 67.8 %) );; line 663 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation afghanistan industry (* 10.2 %) );; line 663 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation afghanistan construction (* 6.3 %) );; line 663 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation afghanistan commerce (* 5.0 %) );; line 663 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation afghanistan services_and_other (* 10.7 %) );; line 663 (wfb::names afghanistan conventional_long_form "Islamic State of Afghanistan" );; line 670 (wfb::names afghanistan conventional_short_form "Afghanistan" );; line 672 (wfb::names afghanistan local_long_form "Dowlat-e Eslami-ye Afghanestan" );; line 674 (wfb::names afghanistan local_short_form "Afghanestan" );; line 676 (wfb::names afghanistan former "Republic of Afghanistan" );; line 678 (wfb::digraph afghanistan "AF" );; line 682 (wfb::type afghanistan "transitional government" );; line 686 (wfb::capital afghanistan kabul-afghanistan );; line 690 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_afghanistan_provinces "provinces" "velayat" "velayat" );; line 694 (wfb::administrative_divisions afghanistan adm_div_afghanistan_provinces 30 );; line 694 (wfb::administrative_division_of afghanistan adm_div_afghanistan_provinces "Badakhshan" );; line 694 (wfb::administrative_division_of afghanistan adm_div_afghanistan_provinces "Badghis" );; line 694 (wfb::administrative_division_of afghanistan adm_div_afghanistan_provinces "Baghlan" );; line 694 (wfb::administrative_division_of afghanistan adm_div_afghanistan_provinces "Balkh" );; line 694 (wfb::administrative_division_of afghanistan adm_div_afghanistan_provinces "Bamian" );; line 694 (wfb::administrative_division_of afghanistan adm_div_afghanistan_provinces "Farah" );; line 694 (wfb::administrative_division_of afghanistan adm_div_afghanistan_provinces "Faryab" );; line 694 (wfb::administrative_division_of afghanistan adm_div_afghanistan_provinces "Ghazni" );; line 694 (wfb::administrative_division_of afghanistan adm_div_afghanistan_provinces "Ghowr" );; line 694 (wfb::administrative_division_of afghanistan adm_div_afghanistan_provinces "Helmand" );; line 694 (wfb::administrative_division_of afghanistan adm_div_afghanistan_provinces "Herat" );; line 694 (wfb::administrative_division_of afghanistan adm_div_afghanistan_provinces "Jowzjan" );; line 694 (wfb::administrative_division_of afghanistan adm_div_afghanistan_provinces "Kabol" );; line 694 (wfb::administrative_division_of afghanistan adm_div_afghanistan_provinces "Kandahar" );; line 694 (wfb::administrative_division_of afghanistan adm_div_afghanistan_provinces "Kapisa" );; line 694 (wfb::administrative_division_of afghanistan adm_div_afghanistan_provinces "Konar" );; line 694 (wfb::administrative_division_of afghanistan adm_div_afghanistan_provinces "Kondoz" );; line 694 (wfb::administrative_division_of afghanistan adm_div_afghanistan_provinces "Laghman" );; line 694 (wfb::administrative_division_of afghanistan adm_div_afghanistan_provinces "Lowgar" );; line 694 (wfb::administrative_division_of afghanistan adm_div_afghanistan_provinces "Nangarhar" );; line 694 (wfb::administrative_division_of afghanistan adm_div_afghanistan_provinces "Nimruz" );; line 694 (wfb::administrative_division_of afghanistan adm_div_afghanistan_provinces "Oruzgan" );; line 694 (wfb::administrative_division_of afghanistan adm_div_afghanistan_provinces "Paktia" );; line 694 (wfb::administrative_division_of afghanistan adm_div_afghanistan_provinces "Paktika" );; line 694 (wfb::administrative_division_of afghanistan adm_div_afghanistan_provinces "Parvan" );; line 694 (wfb::administrative_division_of afghanistan adm_div_afghanistan_provinces "Samangan" );; line 694 (wfb::administrative_division_of afghanistan adm_div_afghanistan_provinces "Sar-e Pol" );; line 694 (wfb::administrative_division_of afghanistan adm_div_afghanistan_provinces "Takhar" );; line 694 (wfb::administrative_division_of afghanistan adm_div_afghanistan_provinces "Vardak" );; line 694 (wfb::administrative_division_of afghanistan adm_div_afghanistan_provinces "Zabol" );; line 694 (wfb::comment administrative_divisions afghanistan "there may be two new provinces of Nurestan (Nuristan) and Khowst" );; line 699 (wfb::independence afghanistan date_19_aug_1919 "UK" );; line 703 (wfb::national_holiday afghanistan "Victory of the Muslim Nation" date_28_apr );; line 707 (wfb::national_holiday afghanistan "Remembrance Day for Martyrs and Disabled" date_4_may );; line 707 (wfb::national_holiday afghanistan "Independence Day" date_19_aug );; line 707 (wfb::constitution afghanistan "none" );; line 712 (wfb::legal_system afghanistan "a new legal system has not been adopted but the transitional government has declared it will follow Islamic law (Shari'a)" );; line 716 (wfb::comment suffrage afghanistan " previously males 15-50 years of age, universal" );; line 721 (wfb::comment executive_branch afghanistan chief_of_state "Vice President Mohammad NABI MOHAMMADI (since NA)" );; line 726 (wfb::comment executive_branch afghanistan chief_of_state "election last held 31 December 1992 (next to be held NA)" );; line 726 (wfb::comment executive_branch afghanistan chief_of_state "results - Burhanuddin RABBANI was elected to a two-year term by a national shura, later amended by multi-party agreement to 18 months" );; line 726 (wfb::comment executive_branch afghanistan chief_of_state "note - in June 1994 failure to agree on a transfer mechanism resulted in RABBANI's extending the term to 28 December 1994" );; line 726 (wfb::comment executive_branch afghanistan chief_of_state "following the expiration of the term and while negotiations on the formation of a new government go on, RABBANI continues in office" );; line 726 (wfb::executive_branch afghanistan chief_of_state "President Burhanuddin RABBANI (Interim President July-December 1992; President since 2 January 1993)" n/a );; line 726 (wfb::comment executive_branch afghanistan head_of_government "note - Prime Minister HIKMATYAR is the nominal head of government and does not have any real authority" );; line 736 (wfb::comment executive_branch afghanistan head_of_government "First Deputy Prime Minister Qutbuddin HELAL (since 17 March 1993)" );; line 736 (wfb::comment executive_branch afghanistan head_of_government "Deputy Prime Minister Arsala RAHMANI (since 17 March 1993)" );; line 736 (wfb::executive_branch afghanistan head_of_government "Prime Minister Gulbuddin HIKMATYAR " date_17_mar_1993 );; line 736 (wfb::executive_branch afghanistan cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 741 (wfb::comment executive_branch afghanistan "term of present government expired 28 December 1994; factional fighting since 1 January 1994 has kept government officers from actually occupying ministries and discharging government responsibilities; the government's authority to remove cabinet members, including the Prime Minister, following the expiration of their term is questionable" );; line 743 (wfb::judicial_branch afghanistan "an interim Chief Justice of the Supreme Court has been appointed, but a new court system has not yet been organized" );; line 756 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders afghanistan "current political organizations include Jamiat-i-Islami (Islamic Society), Burhanuddin RABBANI, Ahmad Shah MASOOD; Hizbi Islami-Gulbuddin (Islamic Party), Gulbuddin HIKMATYAR faction; Hizbi Islami-Khalis (Islamic Party), Yunis KHALIS faction; Ittihad-i-Islami Barai Azadi Afghanistan (Islamic Union for the Liberation of Afghanistan), Abdul Rasul SAYYAF; Harakat-Inqilab-i-Islami (Islamic Revolutionary Movement), Mohammad Nabi MOHAMMADI; Jabha-i-Najat-i-Milli Afghanistan (Afghanistan National Liberation Front), Sibghatullah MOJADDEDI; Mahaz-i-Milli-Islami (National Islamic Front), Sayed Ahamad GAILANI; Hizbi Wahdat-Khalili faction (Islamic Unity Party), Abdul Karim KHALILI; Hizbi Wahdat-Akbari faction (Islamic Unity Party), Mohammad Akbar AKBARI; Harakat-i-Islami (Islamic Movement), Mohammed Asif MOHSENI; Jumbesh-i-Milli Islami (National Islamic Movement), Abdul Rashid DOSTAM; Taliban (Religious Students Movement), Mohammad OMAR" );; line 761 (wfb::comment political_parties_and_leaders afghanistan "the former ruling Watan Party has been disbanded" );; line 775 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups afghanistan "the former resistance commanders are the major power brokers in the countryside and their shuras (councils) are now administering most cities outside Kabul; tribal elders and religious students are trying to wrest control from them; ulema (religious scholars); tribal elders; religious students (talib)" );; line 779 (wfb::member_of afghanistan asdb );; line 787 (wfb::member_of afghanistan cp );; line 787 (wfb::member_of afghanistan eco );; line 787 (wfb::member_of afghanistan escap );; line 787 (wfb::member_of afghanistan fao );; line 787 (wfb::member_of afghanistan g-77 );; line 787 (wfb::member_of afghanistan iaea );; line 787 (wfb::member_of afghanistan ibrd );; line 787 (wfb::member_of afghanistan icao );; line 787 (wfb::member_of afghanistan icrm );; line 787 (wfb::member_of afghanistan ida );; line 787 (wfb::member_of afghanistan idb );; line 787 (wfb::member_of afghanistan ifad );; line 787 (wfb::member_of afghanistan ifc );; line 787 (wfb::member_of afghanistan ifrcs );; line 787 (wfb::member_of afghanistan ilo );; line 787 (wfb::member_of afghanistan imf );; line 787 (wfb::member_of afghanistan intelsat );; line 787 (wfb::member_of afghanistan ioc );; line 787 (wfb::member_of afghanistan itu );; line 787 (wfb::member_of afghanistan nam );; line 787 (wfb::member_of afghanistan oic );; line 787 (wfb::member_of afghanistan un );; line 787 (wfb::member_of afghanistan unctad );; line 787 (wfb::member_of afghanistan unesco );; line 787 (wfb::member_of afghanistan unido );; line 787 (wfb::member_of afghanistan upu );; line 787 (wfb::member_of afghanistan wftu );; line 787 (wfb::member_of afghanistan who );; line 787 (wfb::member_of afghanistan wmo );; line 787 (wfb::member_of afghanistan wto );; line 787 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us afghanistan chief_of_mission "(vacant); Charge d'Affaires Abdul RAHIM" );; line 794 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us afghanistan chancery "2341 Wyoming Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 796 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us afghanistan telephone "[1] (202) 234-3770, 3771" );; line 798 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us afghanistan fax "[1] (202) 328-3516" );; line 800 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us afghanistan |consulate(s) general| "New York" );; line 802 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us afghanistan |consulate(s)| "Washington, DC" );; line 804 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation afghanistan "none; embassy was closed in January 1989" );; line 808 (wfb::flag afghanistan "NA; note - the flag has changed at least twice since 1992" );; line 812 (wfb::overview afghanistan "Afghanistan is an extremely poor, landlocked country, highly dependent on farming (wheat especially) and livestock raising (sheep and goats). Economic considerations have played second fiddle to political and military upheavals during more than 15 years of war, including the nearly 10-year Soviet military occupation (which ended 15 February 1989). Over the past decade, one-third of the population fled the country, with Pakistan sheltering more than 3 million refugees and Iran about 3 million. About 1.4 million Afghan refugees remain in Pakistan and about 2 million in Iran. Another 1 million probably moved into and around urban areas within Afghanistan. Although reliable data are unavailable, gross domestic product is lower than 13 years ago because of the loss of labor and capital and the disruption of trade and transport." );; line 817 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate afghanistan (* n/a %) );; line 836 (wfb::national_product_per_capita afghanistan (* n/a $) );; line 840 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| afghanistan "56.7% (1991)" );; line 844 (wfb::unemployment_rate afghanistan (* n/a %) );; line 848 (wfb::budget afghanistan revenues (* n/a $) );; line 853 (wfb::budget afghanistan expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 855 (wfb::budget afghanistan capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 855 (wfb::exports afghanistan (* 188.2e6 $) );; line 859 (wfb::exports afghanistan commodities fruits_and_nuts n/a );; line 861 (wfb::exports afghanistan commodities handwoven_carpets n/a );; line 861 (wfb::exports afghanistan commodities wool n/a );; line 861 (wfb::exports afghanistan commodities cotton n/a );; line 861 (wfb::exports afghanistan commodities hides_and_pelts n/a );; line 861 (wfb::exports afghanistan commodities precious_and_semi-precious_gems n/a );; line 861 (wfb::exports afghanistan partners fsu_countries n/a );; line 864 (wfb::exports afghanistan partners pakistan n/a );; line 864 (wfb::exports afghanistan partners iran n/a );; line 864 (wfb::exports afghanistan partners germany n/a );; line 864 (wfb::exports afghanistan partners india n/a );; line 864 (wfb::exports afghanistan partners uk n/a );; line 864 (wfb::exports afghanistan partners belgium n/a );; line 864 (wfb::exports afghanistan partners luxembourg n/a );; line 864 (wfb::exports afghanistan partners czechoslovakia n/a );; line 864 (wfb::imports afghanistan (* 616.4e6 $) );; line 869 (wfb::imports afghanistan commodities food_and_petroleum_products n/a );; line 871 (wfb::imports afghanistan commodities most_consumer_goods n/a );; line 871 (wfb::imports afghanistan partners fsu_countries n/a );; line 873 (wfb::imports afghanistan partners pakistan n/a );; line 873 (wfb::imports afghanistan partners iran n/a );; line 873 (wfb::imports afghanistan partners japan n/a );; line 873 (wfb::imports afghanistan partners singapore n/a );; line 873 (wfb::imports afghanistan partners india n/a );; line 873 (wfb::imports afghanistan partners south_korea n/a );; line 873 (wfb::imports afghanistan partners germany n/a );; line 873 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt afghanistan date_mar_1991 );; line 878 (wfb::external_debt afghanistan (* 2.3e9 $) );; line 878 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year industrial_production 90 );; line 882 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year industrial_production afghanistan 90 );; line 882 (wfb::industrial_production afghanistan growth_rate (* 2.3 %) );; line 882 (wfb::electricity afghanistan capacity (* 480000 kw) );; line 887 (wfb::electricity afghanistan production (* 550e6 kwh) );; line 889 (wfb::measurement-date electricity afghanistan consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 891 (wfb::electricity afghanistan consumption_per_capita (* 39 kwh) );; line 891 (wfb::industry afghanistan small-scale_production_of_textiles );; line 895 (wfb::industry afghanistan soap );; line 895 (wfb::industry afghanistan furniture );; line 895 (wfb::industry afghanistan shoes );; line 895 (wfb::industry afghanistan fertilizer );; line 895 (wfb::industry afghanistan cement );; line 895 (wfb::industry afghanistan handwoven_carpets-industry );; line 895 (wfb::industry afghanistan natural_gas-industry );; line 895 (wfb::industry afghanistan oil );; line 895 (wfb::industry afghanistan coal-industry );; line 895 (wfb::industry afghanistan copper-industry );; line 895 (wfb::agriculture afghanistan "largely subsistence farming and nomadic animal husbandry; cash products - wheat, fruits, nuts, karakul pelts, wool, mutton" );; line 900 (wfb::illicit_drugs afghanistan "an illicit cultivator of opium poppy and cannabis for the international drug trade; world's second-largest opium producer after Burma (950 metric tons in 1994) and a major source of hashish" );; line 905 (wfb::economic_aid afghanistan recipient "$450 million US assistance provided 1985-1993; the UN provides assistance in the form of food aid, immunization, land mine removal, and a wide range of aid to refugees and displaced persons" );; line 912 (wfb::abbreviation afghani "AF" );; line 918 (wfb::currency afghanistan afghani 100 puls );; line 918 (wfb::exchange_rates afghanistan "afghanis (Af) per US$1 - 1,900 (January 1994), 1,019 (March 1993), 850 (1991), 700 (1989-90), 220 (1988-89); note - these rates reflect the free market exchange rates rather than the official exchange rates" );; line 922 (wfb::fiscal_year afghanistan date_21_mar date_20_mar );; line 928 (wfb::railroads afghanistan total "24.6 km" );; line 934 (wfb::railroads afghanistan broad_gauge "9.6 km 1.524-m gauge from Gushgy (Turkmenistan) to Towraghondi; 15 km 1,524-m gauge from Termiz (Uzbekistan) to Kheyrabad transshipment point on south bank of Amu Darya" );; line 936 (wfb::highways afghanistan total (* 21000 km) );; line 943 (wfb::highways afghanistan paved (* 2800 km) );; line 945 (wfb::measurement-date highways afghanistan date_1984 );; line 947 (wfb::highways afghanistan gravel (* 1650 km) );; line 947 (wfb::highways afghanistan earth (* 16550 km) );; line 947 (wfb::inland_waterways afghanistan "total navigability 1,200 km; chiefly Amu Darya, which handles vessels up to about 500 metric tons" );; line 951 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 180 km) );; line 956 (wfb::port afghanistan keleft-afghanistan );; line 961 (wfb::port afghanistan kheyrabad-afghanistan );; line 961 (wfb::port afghanistan shir_khan-afghanistan );; line 961 (wfb::airports afghanistan total 48 );; line 966 (wfb::airports afghanistan |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 3 );; line 968 (wfb::airports afghanistan |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 5 );; line 970 (wfb::airports afghanistan |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 2 );; line 972 (wfb::airports afghanistan with_paved_runways_under_914_m 15 );; line 974 (wfb::airports afghanistan |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 3 );; line 976 (wfb::airports afghanistan |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 14 );; line 978 (wfb::airports afghanistan |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 6 );; line 980 (wfb::telephone_system afghanistan "31,200 telephones; limited telephone, telegraph, and radiobroadcast services; 1 public telephone in Kabul" );; line 985 (wfb::telephone_system afghanistan local "NA" );; line 988 (wfb::telephone_system afghanistan intercity "NA" );; line 990 (wfb::telephone_system afghanistan international "one link between western Afghanistan and Iran (via satellite)" );; line 992 (wfb::radio afghanistan broadcast_stations am 5 );; line 997 (wfb::radio afghanistan broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 997 (wfb::radio afghanistan broadcast_stations shortwave 2 );; line 997 (wfb::radio afghanistan radios n/a );; line 999 (wfb::television afghanistan televisions n/a );; line 1007 (wfb::defense_branch afghanistan some_elements_of_the_former_army_afghanistan );; line 1013 (wfb::defense_branch afghanistan air_and_air_defense_forces_afghanistan );; line 1013 (wfb::defense_branch afghanistan national_guard_afghanistan );; line 1013 (wfb::defense_branch afghanistan border_guard_forces_afghanistan );; line 1013 (wfb::comment defense_branch afghanistan national_police_force_afghanistan "Sarandoi" );; line 1013 (wfb::defense_branch afghanistan national_police_force_afghanistan );; line 1013 (wfb::manpower_availability afghanistan "males age 15-49 5,646,789; males fit for military service 3,011,777; males reach military age (22) annually 200,264 (1995 est.)" );; line 1021 (wfb::markup-parameter figure albania "graphno=\"al.tif\"" );; line 1033 (wfb::location albania "Southeastern Europe, bordering the Adriatic Sea and Ionian Sea, between Greece and Serbia and Montenegro" );; line 1037 (wfb::map_references albania "Ethnic Groups in Eastern Europe, Europe" );; line 1042 (wfb::area albania total_area (* 28750 sq_km) );; line 1047 (wfb::area albania land_area (* 27400 sq_km) );; line 1049 (wfb::area albania comparative_area "slightly larger than Maryland" );; line 1051 (wfb::comment land_boundaries albania "114 km with Serbia, 173 km with Montenegro" );; line 1055 (wfb::borders albania total (* 720 km) );; line 1055 (wfb::borders albania greece (* 282 km) );; line 1055 (wfb::borders albania the_former_yugoslav_republic_of_macedonia (* 151 km) );; line 1055 (wfb::borders albania serbia_and_montenegro (* 287 km) );; line 1055 (wfb::coastline albania (* 362 km) );; line 1061 (wfb::maritime_claims albania territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 1068 (wfb::international_disputes albania "the Albanian Government supports protection of the rights of ethnic Albanians outside of its borders" );; line 1072 (wfb::international_disputes albania "Albanian majority in Kosovo seeks independence from Serbian Republic" );; line 1072 (wfb::international_disputes albania "Albanians in Macedonia claim discrimination in education, access to public sector jobs and representation in government" );; line 1072 (wfb::international_disputes albania "Albania is involved in a bilaterlal dispute with Greece over border demarcation, the treatment of Albania's ethnic Greek minority, and migrant Albanian workers in Greece" );; line 1072 (wfb::climate albania "mild temperate" );; line 1082 (wfb::climate albania "cool, cloudy, wet winters" );; line 1082 (wfb::climate albania "hot, clear, dry summers" );; line 1082 (wfb::climate albania "interior is cooler and wetter" );; line 1082 (wfb::terrain albania "mostly mountains and hills" );; line 1087 (wfb::terrain albania "small plains along coast" );; line 1087 (wfb::natural-resource albania petroleum );; line 1091 (wfb::natural-resource albania natural_gas );; line 1091 (wfb::natural-resource albania coal );; line 1091 (wfb::natural-resource albania chromium );; line 1091 (wfb::natural-resource albania copper );; line 1091 (wfb::natural-resource albania timber );; line 1091 (wfb::natural-resource albania nickel );; line 1091 (wfb::land_use albania arable_land (* 21 %) );; line 1096 (wfb::land_use albania permanent_crops (* 4 %) );; line 1098 (wfb::land_use albania meadows_and_pastures (* 15 %) );; line 1100 (wfb::land_use albania forest_and_woodland (* 38 %) );; line 1102 (wfb::land_use albania other (* 22 %) );; line 1104 (wfb::measurement-date irrigated_land albania date_1989 );; line 1108 (wfb::irrigated_land albania (* 4230 sq_km) );; line 1108 (wfb::environment albania current_issues "deforestation" );; line 1113 (wfb::environment albania current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 1113 (wfb::environment albania current_issues "water pollution from industrial and domestic effluents" );; line 1113 (wfb::environment albania natural_hazards "destructive earthquakes" );; line 1116 (wfb::environment albania natural_hazards "tsunami occur along southwestern coast" );; line 1116 (wfb::environment albania international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change" );; line 1118 (wfb::note albania "strategic location along Strait of Otranto (links Adriatic Sea to Ionian Sea and Mediterranean Sea)" );; line 1122 (wfb::estimation-date population albania date_jul_1995 );; line 1129 (wfb::population albania 3413904 );; line 1129 (wfb::comment population albania "IMF, working with Albanian government figures, estimates the population at 3,120,000 in 1993 and that the population has fallen since 1990" );; line 1131 (wfb::age_structure albania 0-14_years (* 32 %) );; line 1137 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex albania 0-14_years female 520186 );; line 1137 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex albania 0-14_years male 563953 );; line 1137 (wfb::age_structure albania 15-64_years (* 62 %) );; line 1139 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex albania 15-64_years female 1026321 );; line 1139 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex albania 15-64_years male 1104371 );; line 1139 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure albania 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 1141 (wfb::age_structure albania 65_years_and_over (* 6 %) );; line 1141 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex albania 65_years_and_over female 112252 );; line 1141 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex albania 65_years_and_over male 86821 );; line 1141 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate albania date_1995 );; line 1145 (wfb::population_growth_rate albania (* 1.16 %) );; line 1145 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate albania date_1995 );; line 1149 (wfb::birth_rate albania (* 21.7 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 1149 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate albania date_1995 );; line 1153 (wfb::death_rate albania (* 5.22 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 1153 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate albania date_1995 );; line 1157 (wfb::net_migration_rate albania (* -4.88 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 1157 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate albania date_1995 );; line 1161 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate albania (* 28.1 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 1161 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth albania total_population (* 73.81 years) );; line 1166 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth albania male (* 70.83 years) );; line 1168 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth albania female date_1995 );; line 1170 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth albania female (* 77.02 years) );; line 1170 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate albania date_1995 );; line 1174 (wfb::total_fertility_rate albania (* 2.71 children_born/woman) );; line 1174 (wfb::nationality albania noun "Albanian(s)" );; line 1179 (wfb::nationality albania adjective "Albanian" );; line 1181 (wfb::estimation-date ethnic-entity date_1989 );; line 1185 (wfb::comment ethnic_divisions albania "Vlachs, Gypsies, Serbs, and Bulgarians" );; line 1185 (wfb::ethnic-entity albania albanian (* 95 %) );; line 1185 (wfb::ethnic-entity albania greeks (* 3 %) );; line 1185 (wfb::religion albania muslim (* 70 %) );; line 1190 (wfb::religion albania albanian_orthodox (* 20 %) );; line 1190 (wfb::religion albania roman_catholic (* 10 %) );; line 1190 (wfb::comment religions albania "all mosques and churches were closed in 1967 and religious observances prohibited; in November 1990, Albania began allowing private religious practice" );; line 1192 (wfb::language albania albanian-language-group n/a );; line 1198 (wfb::comment language albania albanian-language-group "Tosk is the official dialect" );; line 1198 (wfb::language albania greek n/a );; line 1198 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition albania date_1955 );; line 1202 (wfb::literacy-condition albania "age 9 and over can read and write" );; line 1202 (wfb::literacy albania total_population (* 72 %) );; line 1204 (wfb::literacy albania male (* 80 %) );; line 1206 (wfb::literacy albania female (* 63 %) );; line 1208 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force albania date_1987 );; line 1212 (wfb::total_labor_force albania 1.5e6 );; line 1212 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force albania by_occupation date_1986 );; line 1214 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1986 );; line 1214 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation albania agriculture (* 60 %) );; line 1214 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation albania industry_and_commerce (* 40 %) );; line 1214 (wfb::names albania conventional_long_form "Republic of Albania" );; line 1220 (wfb::names albania conventional_short_form "Albania" );; line 1222 (wfb::names albania local_long_form "Republika e Shqiperise" );; line 1224 (wfb::names albania local_short_form "Shqiperia" );; line 1226 (wfb::names albania former "People's Socialist Republic of Albania" );; line 1228 (wfb::digraph albania "AL" );; line 1232 (wfb::type albania "emerging democracy" );; line 1236 (wfb::capital albania tirane-albania );; line 1240 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_albania_districts "districts" "rrethe" "rreth" );; line 1244 (wfb::administrative_divisions albania adm_div_albania_districts 26 );; line 1244 (wfb::administrative_division_of albania adm_div_albania_districts "Berat" );; line 1244 (wfb::administrative_division_of albania adm_div_albania_districts "Dibre" );; line 1244 (wfb::administrative_division_of albania adm_div_albania_districts "Durres" );; line 1244 (wfb::administrative_division_of albania adm_div_albania_districts "Elbasan" );; line 1244 (wfb::administrative_division_of albania adm_div_albania_districts "Fier" );; line 1244 (wfb::administrative_division_of albania adm_div_albania_districts "Gjirokaster" );; line 1244 (wfb::administrative_division_of albania adm_div_albania_districts "Gramsh" );; line 1244 (wfb::administrative_division_of albania adm_div_albania_districts "Kolonje" );; line 1244 (wfb::administrative_division_of albania adm_div_albania_districts "Korce" );; line 1244 (wfb::administrative_division_of albania adm_div_albania_districts "Kruje" );; line 1244 (wfb::administrative_division_of albania adm_div_albania_districts "Kukes" );; line 1244 (wfb::administrative_division_of albania adm_div_albania_districts "Lezhe" );; line 1244 (wfb::administrative_division_of albania adm_div_albania_districts "Librazhd" );; line 1244 (wfb::administrative_division_of albania adm_div_albania_districts "Lushnje" );; line 1244 (wfb::administrative_division_of albania adm_div_albania_districts "Mat" );; line 1244 (wfb::administrative_division_of albania adm_div_albania_districts "Mirdite" );; line 1244 (wfb::administrative_division_of albania adm_div_albania_districts "Permet" );; line 1244 (wfb::administrative_division_of albania adm_div_albania_districts "Pogradec" );; line 1244 (wfb::administrative_division_of albania adm_div_albania_districts "Puke" );; line 1244 (wfb::administrative_division_of albania adm_div_albania_districts "Sarande" );; line 1244 (wfb::administrative_division_of albania adm_div_albania_districts "Shkoder" );; line 1244 (wfb::administrative_division_of albania adm_div_albania_districts "Skrapar" );; line 1244 (wfb::administrative_division_of albania adm_div_albania_districts "Tepelene" );; line 1244 (wfb::administrative_division_of albania adm_div_albania_districts "Tirane" );; line 1244 (wfb::administrative_division_of albania adm_div_albania_districts "Tropoje" );; line 1244 (wfb::administrative_division_of albania adm_div_albania_districts "Vlore" );; line 1244 (wfb::independence albania date_28_nov_1912 "Ottoman Empire" );; line 1251 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1912 );; line 1255 (wfb::comment national_holiday albania "1912" );; line 1255 (wfb::national_holiday albania "Independence Day" date_28_nov );; line 1255 (wfb::constitution albania "an interim basic law was approved by the People's Assembly on 29 April 1991; a draft constitution was rejected by popular referendum in the fall of 1994 and a new draft is pending" );; line 1259 (wfb::legal_system albania "has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 1265 (wfb::comment suffrage albania " universal and compulsory" );; line 1269 (wfb::suffrage albania (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 1269 (wfb::executive_branch albania chief_of_state "President of the Republic Sali BERISHA " date_9_apr_1992 );; line 1274 (wfb::executive_branch albania head_of_government "Prime Minister of the Council of Ministers Aleksander Gabriel MEKSI " date_10_apr_1992 );; line 1276 (wfb::comment executive_branch albania cabinet "appointed by the president" );; line 1279 (wfb::executive_branch albania cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 1279 (wfb::legislative_structure albania unicameral n/a );; line 1283 (wfb::legislative_branch albania "People's Assembly (Kuvendi Popullor)" "elections last held 22 March 1992; results - DP 62.29%, ASP 25.57%, SDP 4.33%, RP 3.15%, UHP 2.92%, other 1.74%; seats - (140 total) DP 92, ASP 38, SDP 7, RP 1, UHP 2" );; line 1285 (wfb::comment legislative_branch albania "6 members of the Democratic Party defected making the present seating in the Assembly DP 86, ASP 38, SDP 7, DAP 6, RP 1, UHP 2" );; line 1289 (wfb::judicial_branch albania "Supreme Court" );; line 1294 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders albania "there are at least 28 political parties; most prominent are the Albanian Socialist Party (ASP; formerly the Albania Workers Party), Fatos NANO, first secretary; Democratic Party (DP); Albanian Republican Party (RP), Sabri GODO; Omonia (Greek minority party), Sotir QIRJAZATI, first secretary; Social Democratic Party (SDP), Skender GJINUSHI; Democratic Alliance Party (DAP), Neritan CEKA, chairman; Unity for Human Rights Party (UHP), Vasil MELO, chairman; Ecology Party (EP), Namik HOTI, chairman" );; line 1298 (wfb::member_of albania bsec );; line 1308 (wfb::member_of albania ccc );; line 1308 (wfb::member_of albania ce );; line 1308 (wfb::comment member_of albania ce "guest" );; line 1308 (wfb::member_of albania ebrd );; line 1308 (wfb::member_of albania ece );; line 1308 (wfb::member_of albania fao );; line 1308 (wfb::member_of albania iaea );; line 1308 (wfb::member_of albania ibrd );; line 1308 (wfb::member_of albania icao );; line 1308 (wfb::member_of albania icrm );; line 1308 (wfb::member_of albania ida );; line 1308 (wfb::member_of albania idb );; line 1308 (wfb::member_of albania ifad );; line 1308 (wfb::member_of albania ifc );; line 1308 (wfb::member_of albania ifrcs );; line 1308 (wfb::member_of albania ilo );; line 1308 (wfb::member_of albania imf );; line 1308 (wfb::member_of albania imo );; line 1308 (wfb::member_of albania intelsat );; line 1308 (wfb::comment member_of albania intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 1308 (wfb::member_of albania interpol );; line 1308 (wfb::member_of albania ioc );; line 1308 (wfb::member_of albania iom );; line 1308 (wfb::member_of albania iso );; line 1308 (wfb::member_of albania itu );; line 1308 (wfb::member_of albania nacc );; line 1308 (wfb::member_of albania oic );; line 1308 (wfb::member_of albania osce );; line 1308 (wfb::member_of albania un );; line 1308 (wfb::member_of albania unctad );; line 1308 (wfb::member_of albania unesco );; line 1308 (wfb::member_of albania unido );; line 1308 (wfb::member_of albania upu );; line 1308 (wfb::member_of albania wftu );; line 1308 (wfb::member_of albania who );; line 1308 (wfb::member_of albania wipo );; line 1308 (wfb::member_of albania wmo );; line 1308 (wfb::member_of albania wto );; line 1308 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us albania chief_of_mission "Ambassador Lublin Hasan DILJA" );; line 1316 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us albania chancery "Suite 1010, 1511 K Street NW, Washington, DC 20005" );; line 1318 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us albania telephone "[1] (202) 223-4942, 8187" );; line 1320 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us albania fax "[1] (202) 628-7342" );; line 1322 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation albania chief_of_mission "Ambassador Joseph E. LAKE" );; line 1327 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation albania embassy "Rruga E. Elbansanit 103, Tirane" );; line 1329 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation albania mailing_address "PSC 59, Box 100 (A), APO AE 09624" );; line 1331 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation albania telephone "[355] (42) 328-75, 335-20" );; line 1333 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation albania fax "[355] (42) 322-22" );; line 1335 (wfb::flag albania "red with a black two-headed eagle in the center" );; line 1339 (wfb::overview albania "An extremely poor country by European standards, Albania is making the difficult transition to a more open-market economy. The economy rebounded in 1993-94 after a severe depression accompanying the collapse of the previous centrally planned system in 1990 and 1991. Stabilization policies - including a strict monetary policy, public sector layoffs, and reduced social services - have improved the government's fiscal situation and reduced inflation. The recovery was spurred by the remittances of some 20% of the population which works abroad, mostly in Greece and Italy. These remittances supplement GDP and help offset the large foreign trade deficit. Foreign assistance and humanitarian aid also supported the recovery. Most agricultural land was privatized in 1992, substantially improving peasant incomes. Albania's limited industrial sector, now less than one-sixth of GDP, continued to decline in 1994. A sharp fall in chromium prices reduced hard currency receipts from the mining sector. Large segments of the population, especially those living in urban areas, continue to depend on humanitarian aid to meet basic food requirements. Unemployment remains a severe problem accounting for approximately one-fifth of the work force. Growth is expected to continue in 1995, but could falter if Albania becomes involved in the conflict in the former Yugoslavia, workers' remittances from Greece are reduced, or foreign assistance declines." );; line 1344 (wfb::estimation-date national_product albania date_1994 );; line 1367 (wfb::national_product albania (* 3.8e9 $) );; line 1367 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate albania date_1994 );; line 1371 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate albania (* 11 %) );; line 1371 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita albania date_1994 );; line 1375 (wfb::national_product_per_capita albania (* 1110 $) );; line 1375 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| albania "16% (1994)" );; line 1379 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate albania date_1994 );; line 1383 (wfb::unemployment_rate albania (* 18 %) );; line 1383 (wfb::budget albania revenues (* 1.1e9 $) );; line 1388 (wfb::estimation-date budget albania date_1991 );; line 1390 (wfb::budget albania expenditures (* 1.4e9 $) );; line 1390 (wfb::budget albania capital_expenditures (* 70e6 $) );; line 1390 (wfb::exports albania (* 112e6 $) );; line 1395 (wfb::exports albania commodities asphalt n/a );; line 1397 (wfb::exports albania commodities metals_and_metallic_ores n/a );; line 1397 (wfb::exports albania commodities electricity n/a );; line 1397 (wfb::exports albania commodities crude_oil n/a );; line 1397 (wfb::exports albania commodities vegetables n/a );; line 1397 (wfb::exports albania commodities fruits n/a );; line 1397 (wfb::exports albania commodities tobacco n/a );; line 1397 (wfb::exports albania partners italy n/a );; line 1400 (wfb::exports albania partners the_former_yugoslav_republic_of_macedonia n/a );; line 1400 (wfb::exports albania partners germany n/a );; line 1400 (wfb::exports albania partners greece n/a );; line 1400 (wfb::exports albania partners czech_republic n/a );; line 1400 (wfb::exports albania partners slovakia n/a );; line 1400 (wfb::exports albania partners poland n/a );; line 1400 (wfb::exports albania partners romania n/a );; line 1400 (wfb::exports albania partners bulgaria n/a );; line 1400 (wfb::exports albania partners hungary n/a );; line 1400 (wfb::imports albania (* 621e6 $) );; line 1405 (wfb::imports albania commodities machinery n/a );; line 1407 (wfb::imports albania commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 1407 (wfb::imports albania commodities grains n/a );; line 1407 (wfb::imports albania partners italy n/a );; line 1409 (wfb::imports albania partners the_former_yugoslav_republic_of_macedonia n/a );; line 1409 (wfb::imports albania partners germany n/a );; line 1409 (wfb::imports albania partners czech_republic n/a );; line 1409 (wfb::imports albania partners slovakia n/a );; line 1409 (wfb::imports albania partners romania n/a );; line 1409 (wfb::imports albania partners poland n/a );; line 1409 (wfb::imports albania partners hungary n/a );; line 1409 (wfb::imports albania partners bulgaria n/a );; line 1409 (wfb::imports albania partners greece n/a );; line 1409 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt albania date_1994 );; line 1414 (wfb::external_debt albania (* 920e6 $) );; line 1414 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 1418 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 1418 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production albania date_1993 );; line 1418 (wfb::industrial_production albania growth_rate (* -10 %) );; line 1418 (wfb::industrial_production albania accounts_for (* 16 %_of_gdp) );; line 1418 (wfb::electricity albania capacity (* 770000 kw) );; line 1423 (wfb::electricity albania production (* 4e9 kwh) );; line 1425 (wfb::measurement-date electricity albania consumption_per_capita date_1994 );; line 1427 (wfb::electricity albania consumption_per_capita (* 1200 kwh) );; line 1427 (wfb::industry albania food_processing );; line 1431 (wfb::industry albania textiles );; line 1431 (wfb::industry albania clothing );; line 1431 (wfb::industry albania lumber );; line 1431 (wfb::industry albania oil );; line 1431 (wfb::industry albania cement );; line 1431 (wfb::industry albania chemicals );; line 1431 (wfb::industry albania mining );; line 1431 (wfb::industry albania basic_metals );; line 1431 (wfb::industry albania hydropower );; line 1431 (wfb::agriculture albania "accounts for 55% of GDP; arable land per capita among lowest in Europe; 80% of arable land now in private hands; 60% of the work force engaged in farming; produces wide range of temperate-zone crops and livestock" );; line 1436 (wfb::illicit_drugs albania "transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin transiting the Balkan route and cocaine from South America destined for Western Europe; limited opium production" );; line 1442 (wfb::economic_aid albania recipient "$303 million (1993)" );; line 1449 (wfb::abbreviation lek "L" );; line 1453 (wfb::currency albania lek 100 qintars );; line 1453 (wfb::exchange_rates albania "leke (L) per US$1 - 100 (January 1995), 99 (January 1994), 97 (January 1993), 50 (January 1992), 25 (September 1991)" );; line 1457 (wfb::fiscal_year albania date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 1462 (wfb::railroads albania total "543 km line connecting Podgorica (Serbia and Montenegro) and Shkoder completed August 1986" );; line 1468 (wfb::railroads albania standard_gauge "509 km 1.435-m gauge" );; line 1471 (wfb::railroads albania narrow_gauge "34 km 0.950-m gauge (1990)" );; line 1473 (wfb::highways albania total (* 18450 km) );; line 1478 (wfb::highways albania paved (* 17450 km) );; line 1480 (wfb::measurement-date highways albania date_1991 );; line 1482 (wfb::comment highways albania unpaved "1991" );; line 1482 (wfb::measurement-date highways albania unpaved earth date_1991 );; line 1482 (wfb::highways albania earth (* 1000 km) );; line 1482 (wfb::inland_waterways albania "43 km plus Albanian sections of Lake Scutari, Lake Ohrid, and Lake Prespa (1990)" );; line 1486 (wfb::measurement-date pipelines date_1991 );; line 1491 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 145 km) );; line 1491 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 55 km) );; line 1491 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 64 km) );; line 1491 (wfb::port albania durres-albania );; line 1496 (wfb::port albania sarande-albania );; line 1496 (wfb::port albania shergjin-albania );; line 1496 (wfb::port albania vlore-albania );; line 1496 (wfb::merchant_marine albania total "11 cargo ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 52,967 GRT/76,887 DWT" );; line 1501 (wfb::airports albania total 11 );; line 1506 (wfb::airports albania |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 3 );; line 1508 (wfb::airports albania |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 2 );; line 1510 (wfb::airports albania |with unpaved runways over 3,047 m| 2 );; line 1512 (wfb::airports albania |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 1514 (wfb::airports albania |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 1 );; line 1516 (wfb::airports albania |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 2 );; line 1518 (wfb::telephone_system albania "about 55,000 telephones; about 15 telephones/1,000 persons" );; line 1523 (wfb::telephone_system albania local "primitive; about 11,000 telephones in Tirane, the capital city" );; line 1525 (wfb::telephone_system albania intercity "obsolete wire system; no longer provides a telephone for every village; in 1992, following the fall of the communist government, peasants cut the wire to about 1,000 villages and used it to build fences" );; line 1527 (wfb::telephone_system albania international "inadequate; carried through the Tirane exchange and transmitted through Italy on 240 microwave radio relay circuits and through Greece on 150 microwave radio relay circuits" );; line 1531 (wfb::radio albania broadcast_stations am 17 );; line 1538 (wfb::radio albania broadcast_stations fm 1 );; line 1538 (wfb::radio albania broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 1538 (wfb::estimation-date radio albania radios date_1987 );; line 1540 (wfb::radio albania radios 515000 );; line 1540 (wfb::television albania broadcast_stations 9 );; line 1545 (wfb::estimation-date television albania televisions date_1987 );; line 1547 (wfb::television albania televisions 255000 );; line 1547 (wfb::defense_branch albania army_albania );; line 1553 (wfb::defense_branch albania navy_albania );; line 1553 (wfb::defense_branch albania air_and_air_defense_forces_albania );; line 1553 (wfb::defense_branch albania interior_ministry_troops_albania );; line 1553 (wfb::defense_branch albania border_guards_albania );; line 1553 (wfb::manpower_availability albania "males age 15-49 919,085; males fit for military service 755,574; males reach military age (19) annually 33,323 (1995 est.)" );; line 1558 (wfb::markup-parameter figure algeria "graphno=\"ag.tif\"" );; line 1571 (wfb::location algeria "Northern Africa, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Morocco and Tunisia" );; line 1575 (wfb::map_references algeria "Africa" );; line 1580 (wfb::area algeria total_area (* 2381740 sq_km) );; line 1585 (wfb::area algeria land_area (* 2381740 sq_km) );; line 1587 (wfb::area algeria comparative_area "slightly less than 3.5 times the size of Texas" );; line 1589 (wfb::borders algeria total (* 6343 km) );; line 1593 (wfb::borders algeria libya (* 982 km) );; line 1593 (wfb::borders algeria mali (* 1376 km) );; line 1593 (wfb::borders algeria mauritania (* 463 km) );; line 1593 (wfb::borders algeria morocco (* 1559 km) );; line 1593 (wfb::borders algeria niger (* 956 km) );; line 1593 (wfb::borders algeria tunisia (* 965 km) );; line 1593 (wfb::borders algeria western_sahara (* 42 km) );; line 1593 (wfb::coastline algeria (* 998 km) );; line 1598 (wfb::maritime_claims algeria territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 1605 (wfb::international_disputes algeria "Libya claims part of southeastern Algeria" );; line 1609 (wfb::international_disputes algeria "land boundary dispute with Tunisia settled in 1993" );; line 1609 (wfb::climate algeria "arid to semiarid" );; line 1614 (wfb::climate algeria "mild, wet winters with hot, dry summers along coast" );; line 1614 (wfb::climate algeria "drier with cold winters and hot summers on high plateau" );; line 1614 (wfb::climate algeria "sirocco is a hot, dust/sand-laden wind especially common in summer" );; line 1614 (wfb::terrain algeria "mostly high plateau and desert" );; line 1620 (wfb::terrain algeria "some mountains" );; line 1620 (wfb::terrain algeria "narrow, discontinuous coastal plain" );; line 1620 (wfb::natural-resource algeria petroleum );; line 1625 (wfb::natural-resource algeria natural_gas );; line 1625 (wfb::natural-resource algeria iron_ore );; line 1625 (wfb::natural-resource algeria phosphates );; line 1625 (wfb::natural-resource algeria uranium );; line 1625 (wfb::natural-resource algeria lead );; line 1625 (wfb::natural-resource algeria zinc );; line 1625 (wfb::land_use algeria arable_land (* 3 %) );; line 1631 (wfb::land_use algeria permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 1633 (wfb::land_use algeria meadows_and_pastures (* 13 %) );; line 1635 (wfb::land_use algeria forest_and_woodland (* 2 %) );; line 1637 (wfb::land_use algeria other (* 82 %) );; line 1639 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land algeria date_1989 );; line 1643 (wfb::irrigated_land algeria (* 3360 sq_km) );; line 1643 (wfb::environment algeria current_issues "soil erosion from overgrazing and other poor farming practices" );; line 1648 (wfb::environment algeria current_issues "desertification" );; line 1648 (wfb::environment algeria current_issues "dumping of raw sewage, petroleum refining wastes, and other industrial effluents is leading to the pollution of rivers and coastal waters" );; line 1648 (wfb::environment algeria current_issues "Mediterranean Sea, in particular, becoming polluted from oil wastes, soil erosion, and fertilizer runoff" );; line 1648 (wfb::environment algeria current_issues "inadequate supplies of potable water" );; line 1648 (wfb::environment algeria natural_hazards "mountainous areas subject to severe earthquakes" );; line 1654 (wfb::environment algeria natural_hazards "mudslides" );; line 1654 (wfb::environment algeria international_agreements "party to - Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands" );; line 1656 (wfb::environment algeria international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Desertification, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban" );; line 1656 (wfb::note algeria "second-largest country in Africa (after Sudan)" );; line 1662 (wfb::estimation-date population algeria date_jul_1995 );; line 1668 (wfb::population algeria 28539321 );; line 1668 (wfb::age_structure algeria 0-14_years (* 41 %) );; line 1673 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex algeria 0-14_years female 5678879 );; line 1673 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex algeria 0-14_years male 5885246 );; line 1673 (wfb::age_structure algeria 15-64_years (* 56 %) );; line 1675 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex algeria 15-64_years female 7887885 );; line 1675 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex algeria 15-64_years male 8033508 );; line 1675 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure algeria 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 1677 (wfb::age_structure algeria 65_years_and_over (* 3 %) );; line 1677 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex algeria 65_years_and_over female 557636 );; line 1677 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex algeria 65_years_and_over male 496167 );; line 1677 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate algeria date_1995 );; line 1681 (wfb::population_growth_rate algeria (* 2.25 %) );; line 1681 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate algeria date_1995 );; line 1685 (wfb::birth_rate algeria (* 29.02 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 1685 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate algeria date_1995 );; line 1689 (wfb::death_rate algeria (* 6.05 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 1689 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate algeria date_1995 );; line 1693 (wfb::net_migration_rate algeria (* -0.49 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 1693 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate algeria date_1995 );; line 1697 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate algeria (* 50.3 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 1697 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth algeria total_population (* 68.01 years) );; line 1702 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth algeria male (* 66.94 years) );; line 1704 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth algeria female date_1995 );; line 1706 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth algeria female (* 69.13 years) );; line 1706 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate algeria date_1995 );; line 1710 (wfb::total_fertility_rate algeria (* 3.7 children_born/woman) );; line 1710 (wfb::nationality algeria noun "Algerian(s)" );; line 1715 (wfb::nationality algeria adjective "Algerian" );; line 1717 (wfb::ethnic-entity algeria arab-berber (* 99 %) );; line 1721 (wfb::ethnic-entity algeria european_less_than (* 1 %) );; line 1721 (wfb::religion algeria |Sunni Muslim (state religion)| (* 99 %) );; line 1725 (wfb::religion algeria christian_and_jewish (* 1 %) );; line 1725 (wfb::language algeria arabic n/a );; line 1729 (wfb::comment language algeria arabic "official" );; line 1729 (wfb::language algeria french n/a );; line 1729 (wfb::language algeria berber_dialects n/a );; line 1729 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition algeria date_1990 );; line 1733 (wfb::literacy-condition algeria "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 1733 (wfb::literacy algeria total_population (* 57 %) );; line 1735 (wfb::literacy algeria male (* 70 %) );; line 1737 (wfb::literacy algeria female (* 46 %) );; line 1739 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force algeria date_1992 );; line 1743 (wfb::total_labor_force algeria 6.2e6 );; line 1743 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force algeria by_occupation date_1989 );; line 1745 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1989 );; line 1745 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation algeria government (* 29.5 %) );; line 1745 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation algeria agriculture (* 22 %) );; line 1745 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation algeria construction_and_public_works (* 16.2 %) );; line 1745 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation algeria industry (* 13.6 %) );; line 1745 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation algeria commerce_and_services (* 13.5 %) );; line 1745 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation algeria transportation_and_communication (* 5.2 %) );; line 1745 (wfb::names algeria conventional_long_form "Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria" );; line 1753 (wfb::names algeria conventional_short_form "Algeria" );; line 1755 (wfb::names algeria local_long_form "Al Jumhuriyah al Jaza'iriyah ad Dimuqratiyah ash Shabiyah" );; line 1757 (wfb::names algeria local_short_form "Al Jaza'ir" );; line 1759 (wfb::digraph algeria "AG" );; line 1763 (wfb::type algeria "republic" );; line 1767 (wfb::capital algeria algiers-algeria );; line 1771 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_algeria_provinces "provinces" "wilayas" "wilaya" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_divisions algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces 48 );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Adrar" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Ain Defla" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Ain Temouchent" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Alger" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Annaba" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Batna" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Bechar" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Bejaia" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Biskra" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Blida" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Bordj Bou Arreridj" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Bouira" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Boumerdes" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Chlef" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Constantine" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Djelfa" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "El Bayadh" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "El Oued" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "El Tarf" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Ghardaia" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Guelma" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Illizi" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Jijel" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Khenchela" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Laghouat" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Mascara" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Medea" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Mila" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Mostaganem" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "M'Sila" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Naama" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Oran" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Ouargla" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Oum el Bouaghi" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Relizane" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Saida" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Setif" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Sidi Bel Abbes" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Skikda" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Souk Ahras" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Tamanghasset" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Tebessa" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Tiaret" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Tindouf" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Tipaza" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Tissemsilt" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Tizi Ouzou" );; line 1775 (wfb::administrative_division_of algeria adm_div_algeria_provinces "Tlemcen" );; line 1775 (wfb::independence algeria date_5_jul_1962 "France" );; line 1785 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1954 );; line 1789 (wfb::comment national_holiday algeria "1954" );; line 1789 (wfb::national_holiday algeria "Anniversary of the Revolution" date_1_nov );; line 1789 (wfb::constitution algeria "19 November 1976, effective 22 November 1976; revised 3 November 1988 and 23 February 1989" );; line 1793 (wfb::legal_system algeria "socialist, based on French and Islamic law; judicial review of legislative acts in ad hoc Constitutional Council composed of various public officials, including several Supreme Court justices; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 1798 (wfb::comment suffrage algeria " universal" );; line 1805 (wfb::suffrage algeria (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 1805 (wfb::comment executive_branch algeria chief_of_state "next election to be held by the end of 1995" );; line 1810 (wfb::executive_branch algeria chief_of_state "President Lamine ZEROUAL " date_31_jan_1994 );; line 1810 (wfb::executive_branch algeria head_of_government "Prime Minister Mokdad SIFI " date_11_apr_1994 );; line 1813 (wfb::comment executive_branch algeria cabinet "appointed by the prime minister" );; line 1815 (wfb::executive_branch algeria cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 1815 (wfb::legislative_structure algeria unicameral "; note - suspended since 1992" );; line 1819 (wfb::legislative_branch algeria "National People's Assembly (Al-Majlis Ech-Chaabi Al-Watani)" "elections first round held on 26 December 1991 (second round canceled by the military after President BENDJEDID resigned 11 January 1992, effectively suspending the Assembly); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (281 total); the fundamentalist FIS won 188 of the 231 seats contested in the first round; note - elections (provincial and municipal) were held in June 1990, the first in Algerian history; results - FIS 55%, FLN 27.5%, other 17.5%, with 65% of the voters participating" );; line 1821 (wfb::judicial_branch algeria "Supreme Court (Cour Supreme)" );; line 1831 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders algeria "Islamic Salvation Front (FIS, outlawed April 1992), Ali BELHADJ, Dr. Abassi MADANI, Abdelkader HACHANI (all under arrest), Rabeh KEBIR (self-exile in Germany); National Liberation Front (FLN), Abdelhamid MEHRI, Secretary General; Socialist Forces Front (FFS), Hocine Ait AHMED, Secretary General" );; line 1835 (wfb::comment political_parties_and_leaders algeria "the government established a multiparty system in September 1989 and, as of 31 December 1990, over 50 legal parties existed" );; line 1841 (wfb::member_of algeria abeda );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria afdb );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria afesd );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria al );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria amf );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria amu );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria ccc );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria eca );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria fao );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria g-15 );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria g-19 );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria g-24 );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria g-77 );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria iaea );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria ibrd );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria icao );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria icrm );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria ida );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria idb );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria ifad );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria ifc );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria ifrcs );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria ilo );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria imf );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria imo );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria inmarsat );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria intelsat );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria interpol );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria ioc );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria iso );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria itu );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria nam );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria oapec );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria oas );; line 1846 (wfb::comment member_of algeria oas "observer" );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria oau );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria oic );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria opec );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria un );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria unctad );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria unesco );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria unhcr );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria unido );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria unmih );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria upu );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria wcl );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria who );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria wipo );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria wmo );; line 1846 (wfb::member_of algeria wto );; line 1846 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us algeria chief_of_mission "Ambassador Osmane BENCHERIF" );; line 1855 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us algeria chancery "2118 Kalorama Road NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 1857 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us algeria telephone "[1] (202) 265-2800" );; line 1859 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation algeria chief_of_mission "Ambassador Ronald E. NEUMANN" );; line 1864 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation algeria embassy "4 Chemin Cheikh Bachir El-Ibrahimi, Algiers" );; line 1866 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation algeria mailing_address "B. P. Box 549, Alger-Gare, 16000 Algiers" );; line 1868 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation algeria telephone "[213] (2) 69-11-86, 69-18-54, 69-38-75" );; line 1870 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation algeria fax "[213] (2) 69-39-79" );; line 1872 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation algeria |consulate(s)| "none (Oran closed June 1993)" );; line 1874 (wfb::flag algeria "two equal vertical bands of green (hoist side) and white with a red five-pointed star within a red crescent; the crescent, star, and color green are traditional symbols of Islam (the state religion)" );; line 1878 (wfb::overview algeria "The hydrocarbons sector is the backbone of the economy, accounting for roughly 57% of government revenues, 25% of GDP, and almost all export earnings; Algeria has the fifth largest reserves of natural gas in the world and ranks fourteenth for oil. Algiers' efforts to reform one of the most centrally planned economies in the Arab world began after the 1986 collapse of world oil prices plunged the country into a severe recession. In 1989, the government launched a comprehensive, IMF-supported program to achieve macroeconomic stabilization and to introduce market mechanisms into the economy. Despite substantial progress toward macroeconomic adjustment, in 1992 the reform drive stalled as Algiers became embroiled in political turmoil. In September 1993, a new government was formed, and one priority was the resumption and acceleration of the structural adjustment process. Buffeted by the slump in world oil prices and burdened with a heavy foreign debt, Algiers concluded a one-year standby arrangement with the IMF in April 1994." );; line 1885 (wfb::estimation-date national_product algeria date_1994 );; line 1902 (wfb::national_product algeria (* 97.1e9 $) );; line 1902 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate algeria date_1994 );; line 1906 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate algeria (* 0.2 %) );; line 1906 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita algeria date_1994 );; line 1910 (wfb::national_product_per_capita algeria (* 3480 $) );; line 1910 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| algeria "30% (1994 est.)" );; line 1914 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate algeria date_1994 );; line 1918 (wfb::unemployment_rate algeria (* 30 %) );; line 1918 (wfb::budget algeria revenues (* 14.3e9 $) );; line 1923 (wfb::estimation-date budget algeria date_1995 );; line 1925 (wfb::estimation-date budget algeria expenditures date_1995 );; line 1925 (wfb::budget algeria expenditures (* 17.9e9 $) );; line 1925 (wfb::exports algeria (* 9.1e9 $) );; line 1929 (wfb::exports algeria partners italy (* 21 %) );; line 1933 (wfb::exports algeria partners france (* 16 %) );; line 1933 (wfb::exports algeria partners us (* 14 %) );; line 1933 (wfb::exports algeria partners germany (* 13 %) );; line 1933 (wfb::exports algeria partners spain (* 9 %) );; line 1933 (wfb::imports algeria (* 9.2e9 $) );; line 1937 (wfb::measurement-date imports algeria date_1990 );; line 1939 (wfb::imports algeria commodities capital_goods (* 39.7 %) );; line 1939 (wfb::imports algeria commodities food_and_beverages (* 21.7 %) );; line 1939 (wfb::imports algeria commodities consumer_goods (* 11.8 %) );; line 1939 (wfb::imports algeria partners france (* 29 %) );; line 1942 (wfb::imports algeria partners italy (* 14 %) );; line 1942 (wfb::imports algeria partners spain (* 9 %) );; line 1942 (wfb::imports algeria partners us (* 9 %) );; line 1942 (wfb::imports algeria partners germany (* 7 %) );; line 1942 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt algeria date_1994 );; line 1946 (wfb::external_debt algeria (* 26e9 $) );; line 1946 (wfb::industrial_production algeria growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 1950 (wfb::electricity algeria capacity (* 5370000 kw) );; line 1955 (wfb::electricity algeria production (* 18.3e9 kwh) );; line 1957 (wfb::measurement-date electricity algeria consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 1959 (wfb::electricity algeria consumption_per_capita (* 587 kwh) );; line 1959 (wfb::industry algeria petroleum-industry );; line 1963 (wfb::industry algeria light_industries );; line 1963 (wfb::industry algeria natural_gas-industry );; line 1963 (wfb::industry algeria mining );; line 1963 (wfb::industry algeria electrical );; line 1963 (wfb::industry algeria petrochemical );; line 1963 (wfb::industry algeria food_processing );; line 1963 (wfb::agriculture algeria "accounts for 12% of GDP (1993) and employs 22% of labor force; products- wheat, barley, oats, grapes, olives, citrus, fruits, sheep, cattle; net importer of food - grain, vegetable oil, sugar" );; line 1968 (wfb::economic_aid algeria recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-85), $1.4 billion; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $925 million; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $1.8 billion; Communist countries (1970-89), $2.7 billion; net official disbursements (1985-89), $375 million" );; line 1975 (wfb::abbreviation algerian_dinar "DA" );; line 1982 (wfb::currency algeria algerian_dinar 100 centimes );; line 1982 (wfb::exchange_rates algeria "Algerian dinars (DA) per US$1 - 42.710 (January 1995), 35.059 (1994), 23.345 (1993), 21.836 (1992), 18.473 (1991), 8.958 (1990)" );; line 1986 (wfb::fiscal_year algeria date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 1991 (wfb::railroads algeria total "4,733 km" );; line 1997 (wfb::railroads algeria standard_gauge "3,576 km 1.435-m gauge (299 km electrified; 215 km double track)" );; line 1999 (wfb::railroads algeria narrow_gauge "1,157 km 1.055-m gauge" );; line 2001 (wfb::highways algeria total (* 95576 km) );; line 2006 (wfb::highways algeria (union concrete bituminous ) (* 57346 km) );; line 2008 (wfb::highways algeria (union gravel crushed_stone earth ) (* 38230 km) );; line 2010 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 6612 km) );; line 2014 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 298 km) );; line 2014 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 2948 km) );; line 2014 (wfb::port algeria algiers-algeria );; line 2019 (wfb::port algeria annaba-algeria );; line 2019 (wfb::port algeria arzew-algeria );; line 2019 (wfb::port algeria bejaia-algeria );; line 2019 (wfb::port algeria beni_saf-algeria );; line 2019 (wfb::port algeria dellys-algeria );; line 2019 (wfb::port algeria djendjene-algeria );; line 2019 (wfb::port algeria ghazaouet-algeria );; line 2019 (wfb::port algeria jijel-algeria );; line 2019 (wfb::port algeria mostaganem-algeria );; line 2019 (wfb::port algeria oran-algeria );; line 2019 (wfb::port algeria skikda-algeria );; line 2019 (wfb::port algeria tenes-algeria );; line 2019 (wfb::merchant_marine algeria total "75 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 903,179 GRT/1,064,211 DWT" );; line 2025 (wfb::merchant_marine algeria ships_by_type "bulk 9, cargo 27, chemical tanker 7, liquefied gas tanker 9, oil tanker 5, roll-on/roll-off cargo 12, short-sea passenger 5, specialized tanker 1" );; line 2027 (wfb::airports algeria total 139 );; line 2034 (wfb::airports algeria |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 9 );; line 2036 (wfb::airports algeria |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 23 );; line 2038 (wfb::airports algeria |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 14 );; line 2040 (wfb::airports algeria |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 5 );; line 2042 (wfb::airports algeria with_paved_runways_under_914_m 20 );; line 2044 (wfb::airports algeria |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 3 );; line 2046 (wfb::airports algeria |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 24 );; line 2048 (wfb::airports algeria |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 41 );; line 2050 (wfb::telephone_system algeria "822,000 telephones; excellent domestic and international service in the north, sparse in the south" );; line 2055 (wfb::telephone_system algeria local "NA" );; line 2058 (wfb::telephone_system algeria intercity "12 domestic satellite links; 20 additional satellite links are planned" );; line 2060 (wfb::telephone_system algeria international "5 submarine cables; microwave radio relay to Italy, France, Spain, Morocco, and Tunisia; coaxial cable to Morocco and Tunisia; 2 INTELSAT (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean), 1 Intersputnik, 1 ARABSAT earth station" );; line 2063 (wfb::radio algeria broadcast_stations am 26 );; line 2070 (wfb::radio algeria broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 2070 (wfb::radio algeria broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 2070 (wfb::radio algeria radios 5.2e6 );; line 2072 (wfb::television algeria broadcast_stations 18 );; line 2077 (wfb::television algeria televisions 1.6e6 );; line 2079 (wfb::defense_branch algeria national_popular_army_algeria );; line 2085 (wfb::defense_branch algeria navy_algeria );; line 2085 (wfb::defense_branch algeria air_force_algeria );; line 2085 (wfb::defense_branch algeria territorial_air_defense_algeria );; line 2085 (wfb::defense_branch algeria national_gendarmerie_algeria );; line 2085 (wfb::manpower_availability algeria "males age 15-49 7,124,894; males fit for military service 4,373,272; males reach military age (19) annually 313,707 (1995 est.)" );; line 2090 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures algeria date_1994 );; line 2095 (wfb::defense_expenditures algeria (* 1.3e9 $) );; line 2095 (wfb::defense_expenditures algeria (* 2.7 %_of_gdp) );; line 2095 (wfb::markup-parameter figure american_samoa "graphno=\"aq.tif\"" );; line 2101 (wfb::header american_samoa "(territory of the US)" );; line 2101 (wfb::location american_samoa "Oceania, group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand" );; line 2105 (wfb::map_references american_samoa "Oceania" );; line 2110 (wfb::area american_samoa total_area (* 199 sq_km) );; line 2115 (wfb::area american_samoa land_area (* 199 sq_km) );; line 2117 (wfb::area american_samoa comparative_area "slightly larger than Washington, DC" );; line 2119 (wfb::comment area american_samoa "includes Rose Island and Swains Island" );; line 2121 (wfb::coastline american_samoa (* 116 km) );; line 2129 (wfb::maritime_claims american_samoa exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 2134 (wfb::maritime_claims american_samoa territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 2136 (wfb::international_disputes american_samoa "none" );; line 2140 (wfb::climate american_samoa "tropical marine, moderated by southeast trade winds" );; line 2144 (wfb::climate american_samoa "annual rainfall averages 124 inches" );; line 2144 (wfb::climate american_samoa "rainy season from November to April, dry season from May to October" );; line 2144 (wfb::climate american_samoa "little seasonal temperature variation" );; line 2144 (wfb::terrain american_samoa "five volcanic islands with rugged peaks and limited coastal plains, two coral atolls (Rose Island, Swains Island)" );; line 2150 (wfb::natural-resource american_samoa pumice );; line 2155 (wfb::natural-resource american_samoa pumicite );; line 2155 (wfb::land_use american_samoa arable_land (* 10 %) );; line 2160 (wfb::land_use american_samoa permanent_crops (* 5 %) );; line 2162 (wfb::land_use american_samoa meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 2164 (wfb::land_use american_samoa forest_and_woodland (* 75 %) );; line 2166 (wfb::land_use american_samoa other (* 10 %) );; line 2168 (wfb::irrigated_land american_samoa (* n/a sq_km) );; line 2172 (wfb::environment american_samoa current_issues "limited natural fresh water resources" );; line 2177 (wfb::environment american_samoa current_issues "in many areas of the island water supplies come from roof catchments" );; line 2177 (wfb::environment american_samoa natural_hazards "typhoons common from December to March" );; line 2180 (wfb::environment american_samoa international_agreements "NA" );; line 2182 (wfb::note american_samoa "Pago Pago has one of the best natural deepwater harbors in the South Pacific Ocean, sheltered by shape from rough seas and protected by peripheral mountains from high winds; strategic location in the South Pacific Ocean" );; line 2186 (wfb::estimation-date population american_samoa date_jul_1995 );; line 2195 (wfb::population american_samoa 57366 );; line 2195 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate american_samoa date_1995 );; line 2208 (wfb::population_growth_rate american_samoa (* 3.82 %) );; line 2208 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate american_samoa date_1995 );; line 2212 (wfb::birth_rate american_samoa (* 36.21 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 2212 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate american_samoa date_1995 );; line 2216 (wfb::death_rate american_samoa (* 4.01 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 2216 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate american_samoa date_1995 );; line 2220 (wfb::net_migration_rate american_samoa (* 6 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 2220 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate american_samoa date_1995 );; line 2224 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate american_samoa (* 18.78 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 2224 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth american_samoa total_population (* 72.91 years) );; line 2229 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth american_samoa male (* 71.03 years) );; line 2231 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth american_samoa female date_1995 );; line 2233 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth american_samoa female (* 74.85 years) );; line 2233 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate american_samoa date_1995 );; line 2237 (wfb::total_fertility_rate american_samoa (* 4.3 children_born/woman) );; line 2237 (wfb::nationality american_samoa noun "American Samoan(s)" );; line 2242 (wfb::nationality american_samoa adjective "American Samoan" );; line 2244 (wfb::ethnic-entity american_samoa |Samoan (Polynesian)| (* 89 %) );; line 2248 (wfb::ethnic-entity american_samoa caucasian (* 2 %) );; line 2248 (wfb::ethnic-entity american_samoa tongan (* 4 %) );; line 2248 (wfb::religion american_samoa christian_congregationalist (* 50 %) );; line 2252 (wfb::religion american_samoa roman_catholic (* 20 %) );; line 2252 (wfb::religion american_samoa protestant_denominations_and_other (* 30 %) );; line 2252 (wfb::language american_samoa samoan n/a );; line 2257 (wfb::comment language american_samoa samoan "closely related to Hawaiian and other Polynesian languages" );; line 2257 (wfb::language american_samoa english n/a );; line 2257 (wfb::language american_samoa most_people_are_bilingual n/a );; line 2257 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition american_samoa date_1980 );; line 2262 (wfb::literacy-condition american_samoa "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 2262 (wfb::literacy american_samoa total_population (* 97 %) );; line 2264 (wfb::literacy american_samoa male (* 98 %) );; line 2266 (wfb::literacy american_samoa female (* 97 %) );; line 2268 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force american_samoa date_1990 );; line 2272 (wfb::total_labor_force american_samoa 14400 );; line 2272 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force american_samoa by_occupation date_1990 );; line 2274 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1990 );; line 2274 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation american_samoa government (* 33 %) );; line 2274 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation american_samoa tuna_canneries (* 34 %) );; line 2274 (wfb::names american_samoa conventional_long_form "Territory of American Samoa" );; line 2280 (wfb::names american_samoa conventional_short_form "American Samoa" );; line 2282 (wfb::abbreviation american_samoa "AS" );; line 2286 (wfb::digraph american_samoa "AQ" );; line 2290 (wfb::type american_samoa "unincorporated and unorganized territory of the US; administered by the US Department of Interior, Office of Territorial and International Affairs" );; line 2294 (wfb::capital american_samoa pago_pago-american_samoa );; line 2300 (wfb::comment independence american_samoa "territory of the US" );; line 2308 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1900 );; line 2312 (wfb::comment national_holiday american_samoa "1900" );; line 2312 (wfb::national_holiday american_samoa "Territorial Flag Day" date_17_apr );; line 2312 (wfb::constitution american_samoa "ratified 1966, in effect 1967" );; line 2316 (wfb::legal_system american_samoa "NA" );; line 2320 (wfb::comment suffrage american_samoa " universal" );; line 2324 (wfb::suffrage american_samoa (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 2324 (wfb::comment executive_branch american_samoa chief_of_state "Vice President Albert GORE, Jr. (since 20 January 1993)" );; line 2329 (wfb::executive_branch american_samoa chief_of_state "President William Jefferson CLINTON " date_20_jan_1993 );; line 2329 (wfb::comment executive_branch american_samoa head_of_government "Lieutenant Governor Tauese P. SUNIA (since 3 January 1993)" );; line 2332 (wfb::comment executive_branch american_samoa head_of_government "election last held 3 November 1992 (next to be held NA November 1996)" );; line 2332 (wfb::comment executive_branch american_samoa head_of_government "results - A. P. LUTALI (Democrat) 53%, Peter Tali COLEMAN (Republican) 36%" );; line 2332 (wfb::executive_branch american_samoa head_of_government "Governor A. P. LUTALI " date_3_jan_1993 );; line 2332 (wfb::legislative_structure american_samoa bicameral "Legislative Assembly (Fono)" );; line 2339 (wfb::legislative_branch american_samoa "House of Representatives" "elections last held 3 November 1992 (next to be held NA November 1994); results - representatives popularly elected from 17 house districts; seats - (21 total, 20 elected, and 1 nonvoting delegate from Swains Island)" );; line 2341 (wfb::legislative_branch american_samoa "Senate" "elections last held 3 November 1992 (next to be held NA November 1996); results - senators elected by village chiefs from 12 senate districts; seats - (18 total) number of seats by party NA" );; line 2345 (wfb::legislative_branch american_samoa "US House of Representatives" "elections last held 3 November 1992 (next to be held NA November 1994); results - Eni R. F. H. FALEOMAVAEGA reelected as delegate" );; line 2349 (wfb::judicial_branch american_samoa "High Court" );; line 2354 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders american_samoa "NA" );; line 2358 (wfb::member_of american_samoa escap );; line 2362 (wfb::comment member_of american_samoa escap "associate" );; line 2362 (wfb::member_of american_samoa interpol );; line 2362 (wfb::comment member_of american_samoa interpol "subbureau" );; line 2362 (wfb::member_of american_samoa ioc );; line 2362 (wfb::member_of american_samoa spc );; line 2362 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us american_samoa "none (territory of the US)" );; line 2366 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation american_samoa "none (territory of the US)" );; line 2370 (wfb::flag american_samoa "blue with a white triangle edged in red that is based on the fly side and extends to the hoist side; a brown and white American bald eagle flying toward the hoist side is carrying two traditional Samoan symbols of authority, a staff and a war club" );; line 2374 (wfb::overview american_samoa "Economic activity is strongly linked to the US, with which American Samoa conducts 80%-90% of its foreign trade. Tuna fishing and tuna processing plants are the backbone of the private sector, with canned tuna the primary export. The tuna canneries and the government are by far the two largest employers. Other economic activities include a slowly developing tourist industry. Transfers from the US Government add substantially to American Samoa's economic well-being." );; line 2382 (wfb::estimation-date national_product american_samoa date_1991 );; line 2392 (wfb::national_product american_samoa (* 128e6 $) );; line 2392 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate american_samoa (* n/a %) );; line 2396 (wfb::measurement-date national_product_per_capita american_samoa date_1991 );; line 2400 (wfb::national_product_per_capita american_samoa (* 2600 $) );; line 2400 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| american_samoa "7% (1990)" );; line 2404 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate american_samoa date_1991 );; line 2408 (wfb::unemployment_rate american_samoa (* 12 %) );; line 2408 (wfb::for-fiscal-year budget american_samoa 90 );; line 2416 (wfb::budget american_samoa expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 2416 (wfb::budget american_samoa capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 2416 (wfb::exports american_samoa (* 306e6 $) );; line 2420 (wfb::imports american_samoa (* 360.3e6 $) );; line 2428 (wfb::imports american_samoa commodities materials_for_canneries (* 56 %) );; line 2430 (wfb::imports american_samoa commodities food (* 8 %) );; line 2430 (wfb::imports american_samoa commodities petroleum_products-commodity (* 7 %) );; line 2430 (wfb::imports american_samoa commodities machinery_and_parts (* 6 %) );; line 2430 (wfb::imports american_samoa partners us (* 62 %) );; line 2433 (wfb::imports american_samoa partners japan (* 9 %) );; line 2433 (wfb::imports american_samoa partners nz (* 7 %) );; line 2433 (wfb::imports american_samoa partners australia (* 11 %) );; line 2433 (wfb::imports american_samoa partners fiji (* 4 %) );; line 2433 (wfb::external_debt american_samoa (* n/a $) );; line 2437 (wfb::industrial_production american_samoa growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 2441 (wfb::electricity american_samoa capacity (* 30000 kw) );; line 2446 (wfb::electricity american_samoa production (* 90e6 kwh) );; line 2448 (wfb::measurement-date electricity american_samoa consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 2450 (wfb::electricity american_samoa consumption_per_capita (* 1505 kwh) );; line 2450 (wfb::industry american_samoa |tuna canneries (largely dependent on foreign fishing vessels)| );; line 2454 (wfb::industry american_samoa meat_canning );; line 2454 (wfb::industry american_samoa handicrafts );; line 2454 (wfb::agriculture american_samoa "bananas, coconuts, vegetables, taro, breadfruit, yams, copra, pineapples, papayas, dairy farming" );; line 2459 (wfb::economic_aid american_samoa recipient "$21,042,650 in operational funds and $1,227,000 in construction funds for capital improvement projects from the US Department of Interior (1991)" );; line 2465 (wfb::abbreviation united_states_dollar "n/a" );; line 2471 (wfb::currency american_samoa united_states_dollar 100 cents );; line 2471 (wfb::exchange_rates american_samoa "US currency is used" );; line 2475 (wfb::fiscal_year american_samoa date_1_oct date_30_sep );; line 2479 (wfb::railroads american_samoa "0 km" );; line 2484 (wfb::highways american_samoa total (* 350 km) );; line 2489 (wfb::highways american_samoa paved (* 150 km) );; line 2491 (wfb::highways american_samoa unpaved (* 200 km) );; line 2493 (wfb::port american_samoa |Aanu'u-american_samoa| );; line 2497 (wfb::comment port american_samoa |Aanu'u-american_samoa| "new construction" );; line 2497 (wfb::port american_samoa auasi-american_samoa );; line 2497 (wfb::port american_samoa faleosao-american_samoa );; line 2497 (wfb::port american_samoa ofu-american_samoa );; line 2497 (wfb::port american_samoa pago_pago-american_samoa );; line 2497 (wfb::port american_samoa |Ta'u-american_samoa| );; line 2497 (wfb::merchant_marine american_samoa "none" );; line 2501 (wfb::airports american_samoa total 4 );; line 2506 (wfb::airports american_samoa |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 2508 (wfb::airports american_samoa with_paved_runways_under_914_m 3 );; line 2510 (wfb::comment airports american_samoa "small airstrips on Fituita and Ofu" );; line 2512 (wfb::telephone_system american_samoa "8,399 telephones; good telex, telegraph, and facsimile services" );; line 2517 (wfb::telephone_system american_samoa local "NA" );; line 2519 (wfb::telephone_system american_samoa intercity "NA" );; line 2521 (wfb::telephone_system american_samoa international "1 INTELSAT (Pacific Ocean) and 1 COMSAT earth station" );; line 2523 (wfb::radio american_samoa broadcast_stations am 1 );; line 2528 (wfb::radio american_samoa broadcast_stations fm 1 );; line 2528 (wfb::radio american_samoa broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 2528 (wfb::radio american_samoa radios n/a );; line 2530 (wfb::television american_samoa broadcast_stations 1 );; line 2535 (wfb::television american_samoa televisions n/a );; line 2537 (wfb::note american_samoa "defense is the responsibility of the US" );; line 2543 (wfb::markup-parameter figure andorra "graphno=\"an.tif\"" );; line 2549 (wfb::location andorra "Southwestern Europe, between France and Spain" );; line 2553 (wfb::map_references andorra "Europe" );; line 2557 (wfb::area andorra total_area (* 450 sq_km) );; line 2562 (wfb::area andorra land_area (* 450 sq_km) );; line 2564 (wfb::area andorra comparative_area "slightly more than 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 2566 (wfb::borders andorra total (* 125 km) );; line 2570 (wfb::borders andorra france (* 60 km) );; line 2570 (wfb::borders andorra spain (* 65 km) );; line 2570 (wfb::comment coastline andorra "landlocked" );; line 2574 (wfb::coastline andorra (* 0 km) );; line 2574 (wfb::maritime_claims andorra "none; landlocked" );; line 2578 (wfb::international_disputes andorra "none" );; line 2582 (wfb::climate andorra "temperate" );; line 2586 (wfb::climate andorra "snowy, cold winters and warm, dry summers" );; line 2586 (wfb::terrain andorra "rugged mountains dissected by narrow valleys" );; line 2590 (wfb::natural-resource andorra hydropower-natural-resource );; line 2594 (wfb::natural-resource andorra mineral_water );; line 2594 (wfb::natural-resource andorra timber );; line 2594 (wfb::natural-resource andorra iron_ore );; line 2594 (wfb::natural-resource andorra lead );; line 2594 (wfb::land_use andorra arable_land (* 2 %) );; line 2599 (wfb::land_use andorra permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 2601 (wfb::land_use andorra meadows_and_pastures (* 56 %) );; line 2603 (wfb::land_use andorra forest_and_woodland (* 22 %) );; line 2605 (wfb::land_use andorra other (* 20 %) );; line 2607 (wfb::irrigated_land andorra (* n/a sq_km) );; line 2611 (wfb::environment andorra current_issues "deforestation" );; line 2616 (wfb::environment andorra current_issues "overgrazing of mountain meadows contributes to soil erosion" );; line 2616 (wfb::environment andorra natural_hazards "snowslides, avalanches" );; line 2619 (wfb::environment andorra international_agreements "NA" );; line 2621 (wfb::note andorra "landlocked" );; line 2625 (wfb::estimation-date population andorra date_jul_1995 );; line 2631 (wfb::population andorra 65780 );; line 2631 (wfb::age_structure andorra 0-14_years (* 18 %) );; line 2636 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex andorra 0-14_years female 5503 );; line 2636 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex andorra 0-14_years male 5985 );; line 2636 (wfb::age_structure andorra 15-64_years (* 70 %) );; line 2638 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex andorra 15-64_years female 21873 );; line 2638 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex andorra 15-64_years male 24334 );; line 2638 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure andorra 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 2640 (wfb::age_structure andorra 65_years_and_over (* 12 %) );; line 2640 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex andorra 65_years_and_over female 4020 );; line 2640 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex andorra 65_years_and_over male 4065 );; line 2640 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate andorra date_1995 );; line 2644 (wfb::population_growth_rate andorra (* 2.72 %) );; line 2644 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate andorra date_1995 );; line 2648 (wfb::birth_rate andorra (* 12.92 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 2648 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate andorra date_1995 );; line 2652 (wfb::death_rate andorra (* 7.25 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 2652 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate andorra date_1995 );; line 2656 (wfb::net_migration_rate andorra (* 21.53 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 2656 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate andorra date_1995 );; line 2660 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate andorra (* 7.7 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 2660 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth andorra total_population (* 78.52 years) );; line 2665 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth andorra male (* 75.65 years) );; line 2667 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth andorra female date_1995 );; line 2669 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth andorra female (* 81.66 years) );; line 2669 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate andorra date_1995 );; line 2673 (wfb::total_fertility_rate andorra (* 1.72 children_born/woman) );; line 2673 (wfb::nationality andorra noun "Andorran(s)" );; line 2678 (wfb::nationality andorra adjective "Andorran" );; line 2680 (wfb::ethnic-entity andorra spanish (* 61 %) );; line 2684 (wfb::ethnic-entity andorra andorran (* 30 %) );; line 2684 (wfb::ethnic-entity andorra french-ethnic-entity (* 6 %) );; line 2684 (wfb::comment religions andorra "predominant" );; line 2688 (wfb::religion andorra roman_catholic n/a );; line 2688 (wfb::language andorra catalan n/a );; line 2692 (wfb::comment language andorra catalan "official" );; line 2692 (wfb::language andorra french n/a );; line 2692 (wfb::language andorra castilian n/a );; line 2692 (wfb::literacy-condition andorra "NA%" );; line 2696 (wfb::total_labor_force andorra n/a );; line 2700 (wfb::names andorra conventional_long_form "Principality of Andorra" );; line 2706 (wfb::names andorra conventional_short_form "Andorra" );; line 2708 (wfb::names andorra local_long_form "Principat d'Andorra" );; line 2710 (wfb::names andorra local_short_form "Andorra" );; line 2712 (wfb::digraph andorra "AN" );; line 2716 (wfb::type andorra "parliamentary democracy (since March 1993) that retains as its heads of state a co-principality; the two princes are the president of France and Spanish bishop of Seo de Urgel, who are represented locally by officials called veguers" );; line 2720 (wfb::capital andorra andorra_la_vella-andorra );; line 2727 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_andorra_parishes "parishes" "parroquies" "parroquia" );; line 2731 (wfb::administrative_divisions andorra adm_div_andorra_parishes 7 );; line 2731 (wfb::administrative_division_of andorra adm_div_andorra_parishes "Andorra" );; line 2731 (wfb::administrative_division_of andorra adm_div_andorra_parishes "Canillo" );; line 2731 (wfb::administrative_division_of andorra adm_div_andorra_parishes "Encamp" );; line 2731 (wfb::administrative_division_of andorra adm_div_andorra_parishes "La Massana" );; line 2731 (wfb::administrative_division_of andorra adm_div_andorra_parishes "Les Escaldes" );; line 2731 (wfb::administrative_division_of andorra adm_div_andorra_parishes "Ordino" );; line 2731 (wfb::administrative_division_of andorra adm_div_andorra_parishes "Sant Julia de Loria" );; line 2731 (wfb::independence andorra date_1278 "n/a" );; line 2736 (wfb::national_holiday andorra "Mare de Deu de Meritxell" date_8_sep );; line 2740 (wfb::constitution andorra "Andorra's first written constitution was drafted in 1991; adopted 14 March 1993" );; line 2744 (wfb::legal_system andorra "based on French and Spanish civil codes; no judicial review of legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 2749 (wfb::comment suffrage andorra " universal" );; line 2754 (wfb::suffrage andorra (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 2754 (wfb::comment executive_branch andorra chiefs_of_state "note - COURTOIS is to become French ambassador to Libreville and his replacement has not been announced" );; line 2759 (wfb::comment executive_branch andorra chiefs_of_state "Spanish Episcopal Co-Prince Mgr. Juan MARTI Alanis (since 31 January 1971), represented by Veguer Episcopal Francesc BADIA Bata (since NA)" );; line 2759 (wfb::comment executive_branch andorra chiefs_of_state "two permanent delegates (French Prefect Pierre STEINMETZ for the department of Pyrenees-Orientales, since NA, and Spanish Vicar General Nemesi MARQUES Oste for the Seo de Urgel diocese, since NA)" );; line 2759 (wfb::executive_branch andorra chiefs_of_state "French Co-Prince Francois MITTERRAND (since 21 May 1981), represented by Veguer de Franca Jean Pierre COURTOIS (since NA)" );; line 2759 (wfb::comment executive_branch andorra cabinet "designated by the executive council president" );; line 2771 (wfb::executive_branch andorra cabinet "Executive Council" );; line 2771 (wfb::legislative_structure andorra unicameral n/a );; line 2775 (wfb::legislative_branch andorra "General Council of the Valleys" "(Consell General de las Valls); elections last held 12 December 1993 (next to be held NA); yielded no clear winner; results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (28 total) number of seats by party NA" );; line 2777 (wfb::judicial_branch andorra "Supreme Court of Andorra at Perpignan (France) for civil cases, the Ecclesiastical Court of the bishop of Seo de Urgel (Spain) for civil cases, Tribunal of the Courts (Tribunal des Cortes) for criminal cases" );; line 2783 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders andorra "National Democratic Group (AND), Oscar RIBAS Reig and Jordi FARRAS; Liberal Union (UL), Francesc CERQUEDA; New Democracy (ND), Jaume BARTOMEU; Andorran National Coalition (CNA), Antoni CERQUEDA; National Democratic Initiative (IDN), Vincenc MATEU; Liberal Union (UL), Marc FORNE" );; line 2789 (wfb::comment political_parties_and_leaders andorra "there are two other small parties" );; line 2794 (wfb::member_of andorra ece );; line 2798 (wfb::member_of andorra ifrcs );; line 2798 (wfb::comment member_of andorra ifrcs "associate" );; line 2798 (wfb::member_of andorra interpol );; line 2798 (wfb::member_of andorra ioc );; line 2798 (wfb::member_of andorra itu );; line 2798 (wfb::member_of andorra un );; line 2798 (wfb::member_of andorra unesco );; line 2798 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us andorra "Andorra has no mission in the US" );; line 2802 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation andorra "Andorra is included within the Barcelona (Spain) Consular District, and the US Consul General visits Andorra periodically" );; line 2806 (wfb::flag andorra "three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, and red with the national coat of arms centered in the yellow band; the coat of arms features a quartered shield; similar to the flags of Chad and Romania that do not have a national coat of arms in the center" );; line 2811 (wfb::overview andorra "Tourism, the mainstay of Andorra's economy, accounts for roughly 80% of GDP. An estimated 13 million tourists visit annually, attracted by Andorra's duty-free status and by its summer and winter resorts. The banking sector, with its \"tax haven\" status, also contributes substantially to the economy. Agricultural production is limited by a scarcity of arable land, and most food has to be imported. The principal livestock activity is sheep raising. Manufacturing consists mainly of cigarettes, cigars, and furniture. Andorra is a member of the EU Customs Union; it is unclear what effect the European Single Market will have on the advantages Andorra obtains from its duty-free status." );; line 2819 (wfb::estimation-date national_product andorra date_1992 );; line 2832 (wfb::national_product andorra (* 760e6 $) );; line 2832 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate andorra (* n/a %) );; line 2836 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita andorra date_1992 );; line 2840 (wfb::national_product_per_capita andorra (* 14000 $) );; line 2840 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| andorra "NA%" );; line 2844 (wfb::unemployment_rate andorra (* 0 %) );; line 2848 (wfb::budget andorra revenues (* 138e6 $) );; line 2853 (wfb::measurement-date budget andorra date_1993 );; line 2855 (wfb::budget andorra expenditures (* 177e6 $) );; line 2855 (wfb::budget andorra capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 2855 (wfb::exports andorra (* 30e6 $) );; line 2859 (wfb::exports andorra commodities electricity n/a );; line 2861 (wfb::exports andorra commodities tobacco_products n/a );; line 2861 (wfb::exports andorra commodities furniture-commodity n/a );; line 2861 (wfb::exports andorra partners france n/a );; line 2863 (wfb::exports andorra partners spain n/a );; line 2863 (wfb::imports andorra (* n/a $) );; line 2867 (wfb::imports andorra commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 2869 (wfb::imports andorra commodities food n/a );; line 2869 (wfb::imports andorra partners france n/a );; line 2871 (wfb::imports andorra partners spain n/a );; line 2871 (wfb::external_debt andorra (* n/a $) );; line 2875 (wfb::industrial_production andorra growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 2879 (wfb::electricity andorra capacity (* 35000 kw) );; line 2884 (wfb::electricity andorra production (* 140e6 kwh) );; line 2886 (wfb::measurement-date electricity andorra consumption_per_capita date_1992 );; line 2888 (wfb::electricity andorra consumption_per_capita (* 2570 kwh) );; line 2888 (wfb::industry andorra |tourism (particularly skiing)| );; line 2892 (wfb::industry andorra sheep );; line 2892 (wfb::industry andorra timber-industry );; line 2892 (wfb::industry andorra tobacco-industry );; line 2892 (wfb::industry andorra banking );; line 2892 (wfb::agriculture andorra "sheep raising; small quantities of tobacco, rye, wheat, barley, oats, and some vegetables" );; line 2896 (wfb::economic_aid andorra "none" );; line 2901 (wfb::exchange_rates andorra "French francs (F) per US$1 - 5.2943 (January 1995), 5,5520 (1994), 5.6632 (1993), 5.2938 (1992), 5.6421 (1991), 5.4453 (1990); Spanish pesetas (Ptas) per US$1 - 132.61 (January 1995), 133.96 (1994), 127.26 (1993), 102.38 (1992), 103.91 (1991), 101.93 (1990)" );; line 2910 (wfb::fiscal_year andorra date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 2917 (wfb::railroads andorra "0 km" );; line 2922 (wfb::highways andorra total (* 96 km) );; line 2927 (wfb::telephone_system andorra "17,700 telephones; digital microwave network" );; line 2944 (wfb::telephone_system andorra local "NA" );; line 2946 (wfb::telephone_system andorra intercity "NA" );; line 2948 (wfb::telephone_system andorra international "landline circuits to France and Spain" );; line 2950 (wfb::radio andorra broadcast_stations am 1 );; line 2955 (wfb::radio andorra broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 2955 (wfb::radio andorra broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 2955 (wfb::radio andorra radios n/a );; line 2957 (wfb::television andorra broadcast_stations 0 );; line 2962 (wfb::television andorra televisions n/a );; line 2964 (wfb::note andorra "defense is the responsibility of France and Spain" );; line 2970 (wfb::markup-parameter figure angola "graphno=\"ao.tif\"" );; line 2976 (wfb::location angola "Southern Africa, bordering the South Atlantic Ocean, between Namibia and Zaire" );; line 2980 (wfb::map_references angola "Africa" );; line 2985 (wfb::area angola total_area (* 1246700 sq_km) );; line 2990 (wfb::area angola land_area (* 1246700 sq_km) );; line 2992 (wfb::area angola comparative_area "slightly less than twice the size of Texas" );; line 2994 (wfb::borders angola total (* 5198 km) );; line 2998 (wfb::borders angola congo (* 201 km) );; line 2998 (wfb::borders angola namibia (* 1376 km) );; line 2998 (wfb::borders angola zaire (* 2511 km) );; line 2998 (wfb::borders angola zambia (* 1110 km) );; line 2998 (wfb::coastline angola (* 1600 km) );; line 3003 (wfb::maritime_claims angola exclusive_fishing_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 3008 (wfb::maritime_claims angola territorial_sea (* 20 nm) );; line 3010 (wfb::international_disputes angola "none" );; line 3014 (wfb::climate angola "semiarid in south and along coast to Luanda" );; line 3018 (wfb::climate angola "north has cool, dry season (May to October) and hot, rainy season (November to April)" );; line 3018 (wfb::terrain angola "narrow coastal plain rises abruptly to vast interior plateau" );; line 3023 (wfb::natural-resource angola petroleum );; line 3027 (wfb::natural-resource angola diamonds );; line 3027 (wfb::natural-resource angola iron_ore );; line 3027 (wfb::natural-resource angola phosphates );; line 3027 (wfb::natural-resource angola copper );; line 3027 (wfb::natural-resource angola feldspar );; line 3027 (wfb::natural-resource angola gold );; line 3027 (wfb::natural-resource angola bauxite );; line 3027 (wfb::natural-resource angola uranium );; line 3027 (wfb::land_use angola arable_land (* 2 %) );; line 3033 (wfb::land_use angola permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 3035 (wfb::land_use angola meadows_and_pastures (* 23 %) );; line 3037 (wfb::land_use angola forest_and_woodland (* 43 %) );; line 3039 (wfb::land_use angola other (* 32 %) );; line 3041 (wfb::environment angola current_issues "population pressures contributing to overuse of pastures and subsequent soil erosion" );; line 3050 (wfb::environment angola current_issues "desertification" );; line 3050 (wfb::environment angola current_issues "deforestation of tropical rain forest attributable to the international demand for tropical timber and domestic use as a fuel" );; line 3050 (wfb::environment angola current_issues "deforestation contributing to loss of biodiversity" );; line 3050 (wfb::environment angola current_issues "soil erosion contributing to water pollution and siltation of rivers and dams" );; line 3050 (wfb::environment angola current_issues "inadequate supplies of potable water" );; line 3050 (wfb::environment angola natural_hazards "locally heavy rainfall causes periodic flooding on the plateau" );; line 3057 (wfb::environment angola international_agreements "party to - Law of the Sea" );; line 3059 (wfb::environment angola international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification" );; line 3059 (wfb::note angola "Cabinda is separated from rest of country by Zaire" );; line 3064 (wfb::estimation-date population angola date_jul_1995 );; line 3070 (wfb::population angola 10069501 );; line 3070 (wfb::age_structure angola 0-14_years (* 45 %) );; line 3075 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex angola 0-14_years female 2208307 );; line 3075 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex angola 0-14_years male 2274533 );; line 3075 (wfb::age_structure angola 15-64_years (* 53 %) );; line 3077 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex angola 15-64_years female 2641259 );; line 3077 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex angola 15-64_years male 2685543 );; line 3077 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure angola 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 3079 (wfb::age_structure angola 65_years_and_over (* 2 %) );; line 3079 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex angola 65_years_and_over female 136573 );; line 3079 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex angola 65_years_and_over male 123286 );; line 3079 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate angola date_1995 );; line 3083 (wfb::population_growth_rate angola (* 2.68 %) );; line 3083 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate angola date_1995 );; line 3087 (wfb::birth_rate angola (* 45.05 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 3087 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate angola date_1995 );; line 3091 (wfb::death_rate angola (* 18.1 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 3091 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate angola date_1995 );; line 3095 (wfb::net_migration_rate angola (* -0.15 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 3095 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate angola date_1995 );; line 3099 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate angola (* 142.1 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 3099 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth angola total_population (* 46.28 years) );; line 3104 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth angola male (* 44.18 years) );; line 3106 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth angola female date_1995 );; line 3108 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth angola female (* 48.49 years) );; line 3108 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate angola date_1995 );; line 3112 (wfb::total_fertility_rate angola (* 6.42 children_born/woman) );; line 3112 (wfb::nationality angola noun "Angolan(s)" );; line 3117 (wfb::nationality angola adjective "Angolan" );; line 3119 (wfb::ethnic-entity angola ovimbundu (* 37 %) );; line 3123 (wfb::ethnic-entity angola kimbundu (* 25 %) );; line 3123 (wfb::ethnic-entity angola bakongo (* 13 %) );; line 3123 (wfb::ethnic-entity angola |mestico (mixed European and Native African)| (* 2 %) );; line 3123 (wfb::ethnic-entity angola european (* 1 %) );; line 3123 (wfb::comment religions angola "est." );; line 3128 (wfb::religion angola indigenous_beliefs (* 47 %) );; line 3128 (wfb::religion angola roman_catholic (* 38 %) );; line 3128 (wfb::religion angola protestant (* 15 %) );; line 3128 (wfb::language angola portuguese n/a );; line 3132 (wfb::comment language angola portuguese "official" );; line 3132 (wfb::language angola bantu_and_other_african_languages n/a );; line 3132 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition angola date_1990 );; line 3136 (wfb::literacy-condition angola "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 3136 (wfb::literacy angola total_population (* 42 %) );; line 3138 (wfb::literacy angola male (* 56 %) );; line 3140 (wfb::literacy angola female (* 28 %) );; line 3142 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force angola by_occupation date_1985 );; line 3148 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1985 );; line 3148 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation angola agriculture (* 85 %) );; line 3148 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation angola industry (* 15 %) );; line 3148 (wfb::note angola "Civil war has been the norm since independence from Portugal on 11 November 1975; a cease-fire lasted from 31 May 1991 until October 1992 when the insurgent National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA) refused to accept its defeat in internationally monitored elections and fighting resumed throughout much of the countryside. The two sides signed another peace accord on 20 November 1994; the cease-fire is generally holding but most provisions of the accord remain to be implemented." );; line 3153 (wfb::names angola conventional_long_form "Republic of Angola" );; line 3164 (wfb::names angola conventional_short_form "Angola" );; line 3166 (wfb::names angola local_long_form "Republica de Angola" );; line 3168 (wfb::names angola local_short_form "Angola" );; line 3170 (wfb::names angola former "People's Republic of Angola" );; line 3172 (wfb::digraph angola "AO" );; line 3176 (wfb::type angola "transitional government nominally a multiparty democracy with a strong presidential system" );; line 3180 (wfb::capital angola luanda-angola );; line 3185 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_angola_provinces "provinces" "provincias" "provincia" );; line 3189 (wfb::administrative_divisions angola adm_div_angola_provinces 18 );; line 3189 (wfb::administrative_division_of angola adm_div_angola_provinces "Bengo" );; line 3189 (wfb::administrative_division_of angola adm_div_angola_provinces "Benguela" );; line 3189 (wfb::administrative_division_of angola adm_div_angola_provinces "Bie" );; line 3189 (wfb::administrative_division_of angola adm_div_angola_provinces "Cabinda" );; line 3189 (wfb::administrative_division_of angola adm_div_angola_provinces "Cuando Cubango" );; line 3189 (wfb::administrative_division_of angola adm_div_angola_provinces "Cuanza Norte" );; line 3189 (wfb::administrative_division_of angola adm_div_angola_provinces "Cuanza Sul" );; line 3189 (wfb::administrative_division_of angola adm_div_angola_provinces "Cunene" );; line 3189 (wfb::administrative_division_of angola adm_div_angola_provinces "Huambo" );; line 3189 (wfb::administrative_division_of angola adm_div_angola_provinces "Huila" );; line 3189 (wfb::administrative_division_of angola adm_div_angola_provinces "Luanda" );; line 3189 (wfb::administrative_division_of angola adm_div_angola_provinces "Lunda Norte" );; line 3189 (wfb::administrative_division_of angola adm_div_angola_provinces "Lunda Sul" );; line 3189 (wfb::administrative_division_of angola adm_div_angola_provinces "Malanje" );; line 3189 (wfb::administrative_division_of angola adm_div_angola_provinces "Moxico" );; line 3189 (wfb::administrative_division_of angola adm_div_angola_provinces "Namibe" );; line 3189 (wfb::administrative_division_of angola adm_div_angola_provinces "Uige" );; line 3189 (wfb::administrative_division_of angola adm_div_angola_provinces "Zaire" );; line 3189 (wfb::independence angola date_11_nov_1975 "Portugal" );; line 3195 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1975 );; line 3199 (wfb::comment national_holiday angola "1975" );; line 3199 (wfb::national_holiday angola "Independence Day" date_11_nov );; line 3199 (wfb::constitution angola "11 November 1975; revised 7 January 1978, 11 August 1980, 6 March 1991, and 26 August 1992" );; line 3203 (wfb::legal_system angola "based on Portuguese civil law system and customary law; recently modified to accommodate political pluralism and increased use of free markets" );; line 3208 (wfb::comment suffrage angola " universal" );; line 3213 (wfb::suffrage angola (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 3213 (wfb::executive_branch angola chief_of_state "President Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS " date_21_sep_1979 );; line 3218 (wfb::executive_branch angola head_of_government "Prime Minister Marcolino Jose Carlos MOCO " date_2_dec_1992 );; line 3220 (wfb::comment executive_branch angola cabinet "appointed by the president" );; line 3223 (wfb::executive_branch angola cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 3223 (wfb::legislative_structure angola unicameral n/a );; line 3227 (wfb::legislative_branch angola "National Assembly (Assembleia Nacional)" "first nationwide, multiparty elections were held 29-30 September 1992 with disputed results" );; line 3229 (wfb::judicial_branch angola "Supreme Court (Tribunal da Relacao)" );; line 3234 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders angola "Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA), led by Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS, is the ruling party and has been in power since 1975; National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA), led by Jonas SAVIMBI, is a legal party despite its history of armed resistance to the government; five minor parties have small numbers of seats in the National Assembly" );; line 3238 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups angola "Cabindan State Liberation Front (FLEC), N'ZITA Tiago, leader of largest faction (FLEC-FAC)" );; line 3247 (wfb::comment other_political_or_pressure_groups angola "FLEC is waging a small-scale, highly factionalized, armed struggle for the independence of Cabinda Province" );; line 3250 (wfb::member_of angola acp );; line 3255 (wfb::member_of angola afdb );; line 3255 (wfb::member_of angola ccc );; line 3255 (wfb::member_of angola ceeac );; line 3255 (wfb::comment member_of angola ceeac "observer" );; line 3255 (wfb::member_of angola eca );; line 3255 (wfb::member_of angola fao );; line 3255 (wfb::member_of angola fls );; line 3255 (wfb::member_of angola g-77 );; line 3255 (wfb::member_of angola gatt );; line 3255 (wfb::member_of angola ibrd );; line 3255 (wfb::member_of angola icao );; line 3255 (wfb::member_of angola icrm );; line 3255 (wfb::member_of angola ida );; line 3255 (wfb::member_of angola ifad );; line 3255 (wfb::member_of angola ifc );; line 3255 (wfb::member_of angola ifrcs );; line 3255 (wfb::member_of angola ilo );; line 3255 (wfb::member_of angola imf );; line 3255 (wfb::member_of angola imo );; line 3255 (wfb::member_of angola intelsat );; line 3255 (wfb::member_of angola interpol );; line 3255 (wfb::member_of angola ioc );; line 3255 (wfb::member_of angola iom );; line 3255 (wfb::member_of angola itu );; line 3255 (wfb::member_of angola nam );; line 3255 (wfb::member_of angola oas );; line 3255 (wfb::comment member_of angola oas "observer" );; line 3255 (wfb::member_of angola oau );; line 3255 (wfb::member_of angola sadc );; line 3255 (wfb::member_of angola un );; line 3255 (wfb::member_of angola unctad );; line 3255 (wfb::member_of angola unesco );; line 3255 (wfb::member_of angola unido );; line 3255 (wfb::member_of angola upu );; line 3255 (wfb::member_of angola wcl );; line 3255 (wfb::member_of angola wftu );; line 3255 (wfb::member_of angola who );; line 3255 (wfb::member_of angola wipo );; line 3255 (wfb::member_of angola wmo );; line 3255 (wfb::member_of angola wto );; line 3255 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us angola chief_of_mission "Ambassador Jose Goncalves Martins PATRICIO" );; line 3263 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us angola embassy "1819 L Street NW, Washington, DC 20036, Suite 400" );; line 3265 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us angola telephone "[1] (202) 785-1156" );; line 3267 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us angola fax "[1] (202) 785-1258" );; line 3269 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation angola chief_of_mission "Ambassador Edmund T. DE JARNETTE" );; line 3274 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation angola embassy "32 Rua Houari Boumedienne, Miramar, Luanda" );; line 3276 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation angola mailing_address "C.P. 6484, Luanda; American Embassy, Luanda, Department of State, Washington, D.C. 20521-2550 (pouch)" );; line 3278 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation angola telephone "[244] (2) 345-481, 346-418" );; line 3281 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation angola fax "[244] (2) 347-884" );; line 3283 (wfb::flag angola "two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and black with a centered yellow emblem consisting of a five-pointed star within half a cogwheel crossed by a machete (in the style of a hammer and sickle)" );; line 3287 (wfb::overview angola "Subsistence agriculture provides the main livelihood for 80%-90% of the population but accounts for less than 15% of GDP. Oil production is vital to the economy, contributing about 60% to GDP. Despite the signing of a peace accord in November 1994 between the Angola government and the UNITA insurgents, sporadic fighting continues and many farmers remain reluctant to return to their fields. As a result, much of the country's food requirements must still be imported. Angola has rich natural resources - notably gold, diamonds, and arable land, in addition to large oil deposits - but will need to observe the cease-fire, implement the peace agreement, and reform government policies if it is to achieve its potential." );; line 3294 (wfb::estimation-date national_product angola date_1994 );; line 3307 (wfb::national_product angola (* 6.1e9 $) );; line 3307 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate angola date_1994 );; line 3311 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate angola (* -1 %) );; line 3311 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita angola date_1994 );; line 3315 (wfb::national_product_per_capita angola (* 620 $) );; line 3315 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| angola "20% average per month (1994 est.)" );; line 3319 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate angola date_1993 );; line 3323 (wfb::budget angola revenues (* 928e6 $) );; line 3328 (wfb::estimation-date budget angola date_1992 );; line 3330 (wfb::budget angola expenditures (* 2.5e9 $) );; line 3330 (wfb::budget angola capital_expenditures (* 963e6 $) );; line 3330 (wfb::exports angola (* 3e9 $) );; line 3335 (wfb::exports angola commodities oil-commodity n/a );; line 3337 (wfb::exports angola commodities diamonds-commodity n/a );; line 3337 (wfb::exports angola commodities refined_petroleum_products n/a );; line 3337 (wfb::exports angola commodities gas n/a );; line 3337 (wfb::exports angola commodities coffee n/a );; line 3337 (wfb::exports angola commodities sisal n/a );; line 3337 (wfb::exports angola commodities fish_and_fish_products n/a );; line 3337 (wfb::exports angola commodities timber-commodity n/a );; line 3337 (wfb::exports angola commodities cotton n/a );; line 3337 (wfb::exports angola partners us n/a );; line 3340 (wfb::exports angola partners france n/a );; line 3340 (wfb::exports angola partners germany n/a );; line 3340 (wfb::exports angola partners netherlands n/a );; line 3340 (wfb::exports angola partners brazil n/a );; line 3340 (wfb::imports angola (* 1.6e9 $) );; line 3344 (wfb::imports angola commodities capital_equipment n/a );; line 3346 (wfb::imports angola commodities food n/a );; line 3346 (wfb::imports angola commodities vehicles_and_spare_parts n/a );; line 3346 (wfb::imports angola commodities textiles_and_clothing n/a );; line 3346 (wfb::imports angola commodities medicines n/a );; line 3346 (wfb::imports angola commodities substantial_military_deliveries n/a );; line 3346 (wfb::imports angola partners portugal n/a );; line 3350 (wfb::imports angola partners brazil n/a );; line 3350 (wfb::imports angola partners us n/a );; line 3350 (wfb::imports angola partners france n/a );; line 3350 (wfb::imports angola partners spain n/a );; line 3350 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt angola date_1994 );; line 3354 (wfb::external_debt angola (* 11.7e9 $) );; line 3354 (wfb::industrial_production angola growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 3358 (wfb::electricity angola capacity (* 620000 kw) );; line 3364 (wfb::electricity angola production (* 1.9e9 kwh) );; line 3366 (wfb::measurement-date electricity angola consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 3368 (wfb::electricity angola consumption_per_capita (* 189 kwh) );; line 3368 (wfb::industry angola petroleum-industry );; line 3372 (wfb::industry angola mining_-_diamonds );; line 3372 (wfb::industry angola iron_ore-industry );; line 3372 (wfb::industry angola phosphates-industry );; line 3372 (wfb::industry angola feldspar-industry );; line 3372 (wfb::industry angola bauxite-industry );; line 3372 (wfb::industry angola uranium-industry );; line 3372 (wfb::industry angola gold-industry );; line 3372 (wfb::industry angola fish_processing );; line 3372 (wfb::industry angola food_processing );; line 3372 (wfb::industry angola brewing );; line 3372 (wfb::industry angola tobacco-industry );; line 3372 (wfb::industry angola sugar );; line 3372 (wfb::industry angola textiles );; line 3372 (wfb::industry angola cement );; line 3372 (wfb::industry angola basic_metal_products );; line 3372 (wfb::agriculture angola "cash crops - bananas, sugarcane, coffee, sisal, corn, cotton, cane, manioc, tobacco; food crops - cassava, corn, vegetables, plantains; livestock production accounts for 20%, fishing 4%, forestry 2% of total agricultural output" );; line 3378 (wfb::illicit_drugs angola "increasingly used as a transshipment point for cocaine destined for Western Europe" );; line 3385 (wfb::economic_aid angola recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $265 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $1.105 billion; Communist countries (1970-89), $1.3 billion; net official disbursements (1985-89), $750 million" );; line 3391 (wfb::abbreviation new_kwanza "NKz" );; line 3398 (wfb::currency angola new_kwanza 100 lwei );; line 3398 (wfb::exchange_rates angola "new kwanza (NKz) per US$1 - 900,000 (official rate 25 April 1995), 1,900,000 (black market rate 6 April 1995), 600,000 (official rate 10 January 1995), 90,000 (official rate 1 June 1994), 180,000 (black market rate 1 June 1994); 7,000 (official rate 16 December 1993), 50,000 (black market rate 16 December 1993); 3,884 (July 1993); 550 (April 1992); 90 (November 1991); 60 (October 1990)" );; line 3402 (wfb::fiscal_year angola date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 3411 (wfb::railroads angola total "3,189 km; note - limited trackage in use because of landmines still in place from the civil war; majority of the Benguela Railroad also closed because of civil war" );; line 3417 (wfb::railroads angola narrow_gauge "2,879 km 1.067-m gauge; 310 km 0.600-m gauge" );; line 3421 (wfb::highways angola total (* 73828 km) );; line 3426 (wfb::highways angola bituminous-surface (* 8577 km) );; line 3428 (wfb::highways angola (union crushed_stone gravel improved_earth ) (* 29350 km) );; line 3430 (wfb::highways angola unimproved_earth (* 35901 km) );; line 3430 (wfb::inland_waterways angola "1,295 km navigable" );; line 3435 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 179 km) );; line 3439 (wfb::port angola ambriz-angola );; line 3443 (wfb::port angola cabinda-angola );; line 3443 (wfb::port angola lobito-angola );; line 3443 (wfb::port angola luanda-angola );; line 3443 (wfb::port angola malogo-angola );; line 3443 (wfb::port angola namibe-angola );; line 3443 (wfb::port angola porto_amboim-angola );; line 3443 (wfb::port angola soyo-angola );; line 3443 (wfb::merchant_marine angola total "12 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 63,776 GRT/99,863 DWT" );; line 3449 (wfb::merchant_marine angola ships_by_type "cargo 11, oil tanker 1" );; line 3451 (wfb::airports angola total 289 );; line 3456 (wfb::airports angola |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 4 );; line 3458 (wfb::airports angola |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 9 );; line 3460 (wfb::airports angola |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 12 );; line 3462 (wfb::airports angola |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 6 );; line 3464 (wfb::airports angola with_paved_runways_under_914_m 93 );; line 3466 (wfb::airports angola |with unpaved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 3468 (wfb::airports angola |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 5 );; line 3470 (wfb::airports angola |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 33 );; line 3472 (wfb::airports angola |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 126 );; line 3474 (wfb::telephone_system angola "40,300 telephones; 4.1 telephones/1,000 persons; high frequency radio used extensively for military links; telephone service limited mostly to government and business use" );; line 3479 (wfb::telephone_system angola local "NA" );; line 3483 (wfb::telephone_system angola intercity "limited system of wire, microwave radio relay, and troposcatter routes" );; line 3485 (wfb::telephone_system angola international "2 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth stations" );; line 3488 (wfb::radio angola broadcast_stations am 17 );; line 3493 (wfb::radio angola broadcast_stations fm 13 );; line 3493 (wfb::radio angola broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 3493 (wfb::radio angola radios n/a );; line 3495 (wfb::television angola broadcast_stations 6 );; line 3500 (wfb::television angola televisions n/a );; line 3502 (wfb::defense_branch angola army_angola );; line 3508 (wfb::defense_branch angola navy_angola );; line 3508 (wfb::defense_branch angola air_and_air_defense_forces_angola );; line 3508 (wfb::defense_branch angola national_police_force_angola );; line 3508 (wfb::manpower_availability angola "males age 15-49 2,315,717; males fit for military service 1,166,082; males reach military age (18) annually 100,273 (1995 est.)" );; line 3512 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures angola date_1993 );; line 3517 (wfb::defense_expenditures angola (* 1.1e9 $) );; line 3517 (wfb::defense_expenditures angola (* 31 %_of_gdp) );; line 3517 (wfb::markup-parameter figure anguilla "graphno=\"av.tif\"" );; line 3523 (wfb::header anguilla "(dependent territory of the UK)" );; line 3523 (wfb::location anguilla "Caribbean, island in the Caribbean Sea, east of Puerto Rico" );; line 3528 (wfb::map_references anguilla "Central America and the Caribbean" );; line 3532 (wfb::area anguilla total_area (* 91 sq_km) );; line 3537 (wfb::area anguilla land_area (* 91 sq_km) );; line 3539 (wfb::area anguilla comparative_area "about half the size of Washington, DC" );; line 3541 (wfb::coastline anguilla (* 61 km) );; line 3549 (wfb::maritime_claims anguilla exclusive_fishing_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 3554 (wfb::maritime_claims anguilla territorial_sea (* 3 nm) );; line 3556 (wfb::international_disputes anguilla "none" );; line 3560 (wfb::climate anguilla "tropical" );; line 3564 (wfb::climate anguilla "moderated by northeast trade winds" );; line 3564 (wfb::terrain anguilla "flat and low-lying island of coral and limestone" );; line 3568 (wfb::natural-resource anguilla negligible );; line 3572 (wfb::natural-resource anguilla salt );; line 3572 (wfb::natural-resource anguilla fish );; line 3572 (wfb::natural-resource anguilla lobster );; line 3572 (wfb::land_use anguilla arable_land (* n/a %) );; line 3577 (wfb::land_use anguilla permanent_crops (* n/a %) );; line 3579 (wfb::land_use anguilla meadows_and_pastures (* n/a %) );; line 3581 (wfb::land_use anguilla forest_and_woodland (* n/a %) );; line 3583 (wfb::comment land_use anguilla other "mostly rock with sparse scrub oak, few trees, some commercial salt ponds" );; line 3585 (wfb::land_use anguilla other (* n/a %) );; line 3585 (wfb::irrigated_land anguilla (* n/a sq_km) );; line 3590 (wfb::environment anguilla current_issues "supplies of potable water sometimes cannot meet increasing demand largely because of poor distribution system" );; line 3595 (wfb::environment anguilla natural_hazards "frequent hurricanes and other tropical storms (July to October)" );; line 3598 (wfb::environment anguilla international_agreements "NA" );; line 3600 (wfb::estimation-date population anguilla date_jul_1995 );; line 3606 (wfb::population anguilla 7099 );; line 3606 (wfb::age_structure anguilla 0-14_years (* 32 %) );; line 3611 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex anguilla 0-14_years female 1129 );; line 3611 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex anguilla 0-14_years male 1115 );; line 3611 (wfb::age_structure anguilla 15-64_years (* 60 %) );; line 3613 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex anguilla 15-64_years female 2101 );; line 3613 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex anguilla 15-64_years male 2126 );; line 3613 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure anguilla 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 3615 (wfb::age_structure anguilla 65_years_and_over (* 8 %) );; line 3615 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex anguilla 65_years_and_over female 362 );; line 3615 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex anguilla 65_years_and_over male 266 );; line 3615 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate anguilla date_1995 );; line 3619 (wfb::population_growth_rate anguilla (* 0.66 %) );; line 3619 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate anguilla date_1995 );; line 3623 (wfb::birth_rate anguilla (* 24.09 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 3623 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate anguilla date_1995 );; line 3627 (wfb::death_rate anguilla (* 8.03 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 3627 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate anguilla date_1995 );; line 3631 (wfb::net_migration_rate anguilla (* -9.44 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 3631 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate anguilla date_1995 );; line 3635 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate anguilla (* 17.3 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 3635 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth anguilla total_population (* 74.1 years) );; line 3640 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth anguilla male (* 71.32 years) );; line 3642 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth anguilla female date_1995 );; line 3644 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth anguilla female (* 76.91 years) );; line 3644 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate anguilla date_1995 );; line 3648 (wfb::total_fertility_rate anguilla (* 3.05 children_born/woman) );; line 3648 (wfb::nationality anguilla noun "Anguillan(s)" );; line 3653 (wfb::nationality anguilla adjective "Anguillan" );; line 3655 (wfb::ethnic-entity anguilla black_african n/a );; line 3659 (wfb::religion anguilla anglican (* 40 %) );; line 3663 (wfb::religion anguilla methodist (* 33 %) );; line 3663 (wfb::religion anguilla seventh-day_adventist (* 7 %) );; line 3663 (wfb::religion anguilla baptist (* 5 %) );; line 3663 (wfb::religion anguilla roman_catholic (* 3 %) );; line 3663 (wfb::language anguilla english n/a );; line 3668 (wfb::comment language anguilla english "official" );; line 3668 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition anguilla date_1984 );; line 3672 (wfb::literacy-condition anguilla "age 12 and over can read and write" );; line 3672 (wfb::literacy anguilla total_population (* 95 %) );; line 3674 (wfb::literacy anguilla male (* 95 %) );; line 3676 (wfb::literacy anguilla female (* 95 %) );; line 3678 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force anguilla date_1992 );; line 3682 (wfb::total_labor_force anguilla 4400 );; line 3682 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation anguilla commerce (* 36 %) );; line 3684 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation anguilla services (* 29 %) );; line 3684 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation anguilla construction (* 18 %) );; line 3684 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation anguilla transportation_and_utilities (* 10 %) );; line 3684 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation anguilla manufacturing (* 3 %) );; line 3684 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation anguilla agriculture/fishing/forestry/mining (* 4 %) );; line 3684 (wfb::names anguilla conventional_short_form "Anguilla" );; line 3693 (wfb::digraph anguilla "AV" );; line 3697 (wfb::type anguilla "dependent territory of the UK" );; line 3701 (wfb::capital anguilla the_valley-anguilla );; line 3705 (wfb::comment independence anguilla "dependent territory of the UK" );; line 3713 (wfb::national_holiday anguilla "Anguilla Day" date_30_may );; line 3717 (wfb::constitution anguilla "Anguilla Constitutional Orders 1 April 1982; amended 1990" );; line 3721 (wfb::legal_system anguilla "based on English common law" );; line 3725 (wfb::comment suffrage anguilla " universal" );; line 3729 (wfb::suffrage anguilla (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 3729 (wfb::executive_branch anguilla head_of_government "Chief Minister Hubert HUGHES " date_16_mar_1994 );; line 3737 (wfb::comment executive_branch anguilla cabinet "appointed by the governor from the elected members of the House of Assembly" );; line 3739 (wfb::executive_branch anguilla cabinet "Executive Council" );; line 3739 (wfb::legislative_structure anguilla unicameral n/a );; line 3744 (wfb::legislative_branch anguilla "House of Assembly" "elections last held 16 March 1994 (next to be held March 1999); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (11 total, 7 elected) ANA 2, AUP 2, ADP 2, independent 1" );; line 3746 (wfb::judicial_branch anguilla "High Court" );; line 3752 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders anguilla "Anguilla National Alliance (ANA); Anguilla United Party (AUP), Hubert HUGHES; Anguilla Democratic Party (ADP), Victor BANKS" );; line 3756 (wfb::member_of anguilla caricom );; line 3761 (wfb::comment member_of anguilla caricom "observer" );; line 3761 (wfb::member_of anguilla cdb );; line 3761 (wfb::member_of anguilla interpol );; line 3761 (wfb::comment member_of anguilla interpol "subbureau" );; line 3761 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us anguilla "none (dependent territory of the UK)" );; line 3765 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation anguilla "none (dependent territory of the UK)" );; line 3769 (wfb::flag anguilla "two horizontal bands of white (top, almost triple width) and light blue with three orange dolphins in an interlocking circular design centered in the white band; a new flag may have been in use since 30 May 1990" );; line 3773 (wfb::overview anguilla "Anguilla has few natural resources, and the economy depends heavily on lobster fishing, offshore banking, tourism, and remittances from emigrants. In recent years the economy has benefited from a boom in tourism and construction. Development plans center around the improvement of the infrastructure, particularly transport and tourist facilities, and also light industry." );; line 3780 (wfb::estimation-date national_product anguilla date_1993 );; line 3788 (wfb::national_product anguilla (* 49e6 $) );; line 3788 (wfb::measurement-date national_product_real_growth_rate anguilla date_1992 );; line 3792 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate anguilla (* 7.5 %) );; line 3792 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita anguilla date_1993 );; line 3796 (wfb::national_product_per_capita anguilla (* 7000 $) );; line 3796 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| anguilla "3% (1992 est.)" );; line 3800 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate anguilla date_1992 );; line 3804 (wfb::unemployment_rate anguilla (* 7 %) );; line 3804 (wfb::budget anguilla revenues (* 13.8e6 $) );; line 3809 (wfb::estimation-date budget anguilla date_1992 );; line 3811 (wfb::budget anguilla expenditures (* 15.2e6 $) );; line 3811 (wfb::budget anguilla capital_expenditures (* 2.4e6 $) );; line 3811 (wfb::exports anguilla (* 556000 $) );; line 3816 (wfb::imports anguilla (* 33.5e6 $) );; line 3824 (wfb::external_debt anguilla (* n/a $) );; line 3832 (wfb::industrial_production anguilla growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 3836 (wfb::electricity anguilla capacity (* 2000 kw) );; line 3841 (wfb::electricity anguilla production (* 6e6 kwh) );; line 3843 (wfb::measurement-date electricity anguilla consumption_per_capita date_1992 );; line 3845 (wfb::electricity anguilla consumption_per_capita (* 862 kwh) );; line 3845 (wfb::industry anguilla tourism );; line 3849 (wfb::industry anguilla boat_building );; line 3849 (wfb::industry anguilla salt-industry );; line 3849 (wfb::agriculture anguilla "pigeon peas, corn, sweet potatoes, sheep, goats, pigs, cattle, poultry, fishing (including lobster)" );; line 3853 (wfb::economic_aid anguilla recipient "Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $38 million" );; line 3859 (wfb::abbreviation ec_dollar "EC$" );; line 3864 (wfb::currency anguilla ec_dollar 100 cents );; line 3864 (wfb::exchange_rates anguilla "East Caribbean dollars (EC$) per US$1 - 2.70 (fixed rate since 1976)" );; line 3868 (wfb::railroads anguilla "0 km" );; line 3878 (wfb::estimation-date highways anguilla date_1992 );; line 3883 (wfb::highways anguilla paved (* 65 km) );; line 3885 (wfb::highways anguilla gravel_and_earth (* 40 km) );; line 3887 (wfb::port anguilla blowing_point-anguilla );; line 3891 (wfb::port anguilla road_bay-anguilla );; line 3891 (wfb::merchant_marine anguilla "none" );; line 3895 (wfb::airports anguilla total 3 );; line 3900 (wfb::airports anguilla |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 3902 (wfb::airports anguilla with_paved_runways_under_914_m 2 );; line 3904 (wfb::telephone_system anguilla "890 telephones; modern internal telephone system" );; line 3909 (wfb::telephone_system anguilla local "NA" );; line 3911 (wfb::telephone_system anguilla intercity "NA" );; line 3913 (wfb::telephone_system anguilla international "radio relay microwave link to island of Saint Martin" );; line 3915 (wfb::radio anguilla broadcast_stations am 3 );; line 3920 (wfb::radio anguilla broadcast_stations fm 1 );; line 3920 (wfb::radio anguilla broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 3920 (wfb::radio anguilla radios n/a );; line 3922 (wfb::television anguilla broadcast_stations 0 );; line 3927 (wfb::television anguilla televisions n/a );; line 3929 (wfb::note anguilla "defense is the responsibility of the UK" );; line 3935 (wfb::markup-parameter figure antarctica "graphno=\"ay.tif\"" );; line 3941 (wfb::location antarctica "continent mostly south of the Antarctic Circle" );; line 3945 (wfb::map_references antarctica "Antarctic Region" );; line 3949 (wfb::comment area antarctica total_area "est." );; line 3954 (wfb::area antarctica total_area (* 14e6 sq_km) );; line 3954 (wfb::comment area antarctica land_area "est." );; line 3956 (wfb::area antarctica land_area (* 14e6 sq_km) );; line 3956 (wfb::area antarctica comparative_area "slightly less than 1.5 times the size of the US" );; line 3958 (wfb::comment area antarctica "second-smallest continent (after Australia)" );; line 3960 (wfb::borders antarctica but_see_entry_on_international_disputes n/a );; line 3964 (wfb::coastline antarctica (* 17968 km) );; line 3968 (wfb::international_disputes antarctica "Antarctic Treaty defers claims (see Antarctic Treaty Summary below)" );; line 3976 (wfb::international_disputes antarctica "sections (some overlapping) claimed by Argentina, Australia, Chile, France (Adelie Land), New Zealand (Ross Dependency), Norway (Queen Maud Land), and UK" );; line 3976 (wfb::international_disputes antarctica "the US and most other nations do not recognize the territorial claims of other nations and have made no claims themselves (the US reserves the right to do so)" );; line 3976 (wfb::international_disputes antarctica "no formal claims have been made in the sector between 90 degrees west and 150 degrees west" );; line 3976 (wfb::climate antarctica "severe low temperatures vary with latitude, elevation, and distance from the ocean" );; line 3986 (wfb::climate antarctica "East Antarctica is colder than West Antarctica because of its higher elevation" );; line 3986 (wfb::climate antarctica "Antarctic Peninsula has the most moderate climate" );; line 3986 (wfb::climate antarctica "higher temperatures occur in January along the coast and average slightly below freezing" );; line 3986 (wfb::terrain antarctica "about 98% thick continental ice sheet and 2% barren rock, with average elevations between 2,000 and 4,000 meters" );; line 3994 (wfb::terrain antarctica "mountain ranges up to 4,897 meters high" );; line 3994 (wfb::terrain antarctica "ice-free coastal areas include parts of southern Victoria Land, Wilkes Land, the Antarctic Peninsula area, and parts of Ross Island on McMurdo Sound" );; line 3994 (wfb::terrain antarctica "glaciers form ice shelves along about half of the coastline, and floating ice shelves constitute 11% of the area of the continent" );; line 3994 (wfb::natural-resource antarctica iron_ore );; line 4003 (wfb::natural-resource antarctica chromium );; line 4003 (wfb::natural-resource antarctica copper );; line 4003 (wfb::natural-resource antarctica gold );; line 4003 (wfb::natural-resource antarctica nickel );; line 4003 (wfb::natural-resource antarctica platinum_and_other_minerals );; line 4003 (wfb::natural-resource antarctica coal_and_hydrocarbons_have_been_found_in_small );; line 4003 (wfb::natural-resource antarctica uncommercial_quantities );; line 4003 (wfb::land_use antarctica arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 4010 (wfb::land_use antarctica permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 4012 (wfb::land_use antarctica meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 4014 (wfb::land_use antarctica forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 4016 (wfb::comment land_use antarctica other "ice 98%, barren rock 2%" );; line 4018 (wfb::land_use antarctica other (* 100 %) );; line 4018 (wfb::irrigated_land antarctica (* 0 sq_km) );; line 4022 (wfb::environment antarctica current_issues "in October 1991 it was reported that the ozone shield, which protects the Earth's surface from harmful ultraviolet radiation, had dwindled to the lowest level recorded over Antarctica since 1975 when measurements were first taken" );; line 4027 (wfb::environment antarctica natural_hazards "katabatic (gravity-driven) winds blow coastward from the high interior" );; line 4032 (wfb::environment antarctica natural_hazards "frequent blizzards form near the foot of the plateau" );; line 4032 (wfb::environment antarctica natural_hazards "cyclonic storms form over the ocean and move clockwise along the coast" );; line 4032 (wfb::environment antarctica natural_hazards "volcanism on Deception Island and isolated areas of West Antarctica" );; line 4032 (wfb::environment antarctica natural_hazards "other seismic activity rare and weak" );; line 4032 (wfb::environment antarctica international_agreements "NA" );; line 4038 (wfb::note antarctica "the coldest, windiest, highest, and driest continent; during summer more solar radiation reaches the surface at the South Pole than is received at the Equator in an equivalent period; mostly uninhabitable" );; line 4042 (wfb::names antarctica conventional_short_form "Antarctica" );; line 4081 (wfb::digraph antarctica "AY" );; line 4085 (wfb::type antarctica antarctic_treaty_summary "The Antarctic Treaty, signed on 1 December 1959 and entered into force on 23 June 1961, establishes the legal framework for the management of Antarctica. Administration is carried out through consultative member meetings - the 18th Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting was in Japan in April 1993. Currently, there are 42 treaty member nations: 26 consultative and 16 acceding. Consultative (voting) members include the seven nations that claim portions of Antarctica as national territory (some claims overlap) and 19 nonclaimant nations. The US and some other nations that have made no claims have reserved the right to do so. The US does not recognize the claims of others. The year in parentheses indicates when an acceding nation was voted to full consultative (voting) status, while no date indicates the country was an original 1959 treaty signatory. Claimant nations are - Argentina, Australia, Chile, France, New Zealand, Norway, and the UK. Nonclaimant consultative nations are - Belgium, Brazil (1983), China (1985), Ecuador (1990), Finland (1989), Germany (1981), India (1983), Italy (1987), Japan, South Korea (1989), Netherlands (1990), Peru (1989), Poland (1977), South Africa, Spain (1988), Sweden (1988), Uruguay (1985), the US, and Russia. Acceding (nonvoting) members, with year of accession in parentheses, are - Austria (1987), Bulgaria (1978), Canada (1988), Colombia (1988), Cuba (1984), Czech Republic (1993), Denmark (1965), Greece (1987), Guatemala (1991), Hungary (1984), North Korea (1987), Papua New Guinea (1981), Romania (1971), Slovakia (1993), Switzerland (1990), and Ukraine (1992)." );; line 4090 (wfb::type antarctica article_1 "area to be used for peaceful purposes only; military activity, such as weapons testing, is prohibited, but military personnel and equipment may be used for scientific research or any other peaceful purpose" );; line 4113 (wfb::type antarctica article_2 "freedom of scientific investigation and cooperation shall continue" );; line 4117 (wfb::type antarctica article_3 "free exchange of information and personnel in cooperation with the UN and other international agencies" );; line 4120 (wfb::type antarctica article_4 "does not recognize, dispute, or establish territorial claims and no new claims shall be asserted while the treaty is in force" );; line 4123 (wfb::type antarctica article_5 "prohibits nuclear explosions or disposal of radioactive wastes" );; line 4126 (wfb::type antarctica article_6 "includes under the treaty all land and ice shelves south of 60 degrees 00 minutes south" );; line 4128 (wfb::type antarctica article_7 "treaty-state observers have free access, including aerial observation, to any area and may inspect all stations, installations, and equipment; advance notice of all activities and of the introduction of military personnel must be given" );; line 4131 (wfb::type antarctica article_8 "allows for jurisdiction over observers and scientists by their own states" );; line 4136 (wfb::type antarctica article_9 "frequent consultative meetings take place among member nations" );; line 4139 (wfb::type antarctica article_10 "treaty states will discourage activities by any country in Antarctica that are contrary to the treaty" );; line 4141 (wfb::type antarctica article_11 "disputes to be settled peacefully by the parties concerned or, ultimately, by the ICJ" );; line 4144 (wfb::type antarctica |Articles 12, 13, 14| "deal with upholding, interpreting, and amending the treaty among involved nations" );; line 4147 (wfb::type antarctica other_agreements "more than 170 recommendations adopted at treaty consultative meetings and ratified by governments include - Agreed Measures for the Conservation of Antarctic Fauna and Flora (1964); Convention for the Conservation of Antarctic Seals (1972); Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (1980); a mineral resources agreement was signed in 1988 but was subsequently rejected; in 1991 the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty was signed and awaits ratification; this agreement provides for the protection of the Antarctic environment through five specific annexes on marine pollution, fauna, and flora, environmental impact assessments, waste management, and protected areas; it also prohibits all activities relating to mineral resources except scientific research; 14 parties have ratified Protocol as of April 1995" );; line 4150 (wfb::legal_system antarctica "US law, including certain criminal offenses by or against US nationals, such as murder, may apply to areas not under jurisdiction of other countries. Some US laws directly apply to Antarctica. For example, the Antarctic Conservation Act, 16 U.S.C. section 2401 et seq., provides civil and criminal penalties for the following activities, unless authorized by regulation of statute: The taking of native mammals or birds; the introduction of nonindigenous plants and animals; entry into specially protected or scientific areas; the discharge or disposal of pollutants; and the importation into the US of certain items from Antarctica. Violation of the Antarctic Conservation Act carries penalties of up to $10,000 in fines and 1 year in prison. The Departments of Treasury, Commerce, Transportation, and Interior share enforcement responsibilities. Public Law 95-541, the US Antarctic Conservation Act of 1978, requires expeditions from the US to Antarctica to notify, in advance, the Office of Oceans and Polar Affairs, Room 5801, Department of State, Washington, DC 20520, which reports such plans to other nations as required by the Antarctic Treaty. For more information contact Permit Office, Office of Polar Programs, National Science Foundation, Arlington, Virginia 22230 (703-306-1031)." );; line 4165 (wfb::overview antarctica "No economic activity at present except for fishing off the coast and small-scale tourism, both based abroad." );; line 4186 (wfb::port antarctica offshore_anchorage-antarctica );; line 4192 (wfb::telephone_system antarctica local "NA" );; line 4213 (wfb::telephone_system antarctica intercity "NA" );; line 4215 (wfb::telephone_system antarctica international "NA" );; line 4217 (wfb::radio antarctica radios n/a );; line 4224 (wfb::television antarctica broadcast_stations n/a );; line 4229 (wfb::television antarctica televisions n/a );; line 4231 (wfb::note antarctica "the Antarctic Treaty prohibits any measures of a military nature, such as the establishment of military bases and fortifications, the carrying out of military maneuvers, or the testing of any type of weapon; it permits the use of military personnel or equipment for scientific research or for any other peaceful purposes" );; line 4237 (wfb::markup-parameter figure antigua_and_barbuda "graphno=\"ac.tif\"" );; line 4247 (wfb::location antigua_and_barbuda "Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, east-southeast of Puerto Rico" );; line 4251 (wfb::map_references antigua_and_barbuda "Central America and the Caribbean" );; line 4256 (wfb::area antigua_and_barbuda total_area (* 440 sq_km) );; line 4261 (wfb::area antigua_and_barbuda land_area (* 440 sq_km) );; line 4263 (wfb::area antigua_and_barbuda comparative_area "slightly less than 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 4265 (wfb::comment area antigua_and_barbuda "includes Redonda" );; line 4267 (wfb::coastline antigua_and_barbuda (* 153 km) );; line 4275 (wfb::maritime_claims antigua_and_barbuda contiguous_zone (* 24 nm) );; line 4280 (wfb::maritime_claims antigua_and_barbuda exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 4284 (wfb::maritime_claims antigua_and_barbuda territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 4286 (wfb::international_disputes antigua_and_barbuda "none" );; line 4290 (wfb::climate antigua_and_barbuda "tropical marine" );; line 4294 (wfb::climate antigua_and_barbuda "little seasonal temperature variation" );; line 4294 (wfb::terrain antigua_and_barbuda "mostly low-lying limestone and coral islands with some higher volcanic areas" );; line 4298 (wfb::natural-resource antigua_and_barbuda negligible );; line 4303 (wfb::natural-resource antigua_and_barbuda pleasant_climate_fosters_tourism );; line 4303 (wfb::land_use antigua_and_barbuda arable_land (* 18 %) );; line 4308 (wfb::land_use antigua_and_barbuda permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 4310 (wfb::land_use antigua_and_barbuda meadows_and_pastures (* 7 %) );; line 4312 (wfb::land_use antigua_and_barbuda forest_and_woodland (* 16 %) );; line 4314 (wfb::land_use antigua_and_barbuda other (* 59 %) );; line 4316 (wfb::irrigated_land antigua_and_barbuda (* n/a sq_km) );; line 4320 (wfb::environment antigua_and_barbuda current_issues "water management - a major concern because of limited natural fresh water resources - is further hampered by the clearing of trees to increase crop production, causing rainfall to run off quickly" );; line 4325 (wfb::environment antigua_and_barbuda natural_hazards "hurricanes and tropical storms (July to October)" );; line 4329 (wfb::environment antigua_and_barbuda natural_hazards "periodic droughts" );; line 4329 (wfb::environment antigua_and_barbuda international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Whaling" );; line 4332 (wfb::estimation-date population antigua_and_barbuda date_jul_1995 );; line 4340 (wfb::population antigua_and_barbuda 65176 );; line 4340 (wfb::age_structure antigua_and_barbuda 0-14_years (* 25 %) );; line 4345 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex antigua_and_barbuda 0-14_years female 8062 );; line 4345 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex antigua_and_barbuda 0-14_years male 8390 );; line 4345 (wfb::age_structure antigua_and_barbuda 15-64_years (* 69 %) );; line 4347 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex antigua_and_barbuda 15-64_years female 22342 );; line 4347 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex antigua_and_barbuda 15-64_years male 22334 );; line 4347 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure antigua_and_barbuda 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 4349 (wfb::age_structure antigua_and_barbuda 65_years_and_over (* 6 %) );; line 4349 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex antigua_and_barbuda 65_years_and_over female 2231 );; line 4349 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex antigua_and_barbuda 65_years_and_over male 1817 );; line 4349 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate antigua_and_barbuda date_1995 );; line 4353 (wfb::population_growth_rate antigua_and_barbuda (* 0.68 %) );; line 4353 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate antigua_and_barbuda date_1995 );; line 4357 (wfb::birth_rate antigua_and_barbuda (* 17.08 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 4357 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate antigua_and_barbuda date_1995 );; line 4361 (wfb::death_rate antigua_and_barbuda (* 5.35 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 4361 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate antigua_and_barbuda date_1995 );; line 4365 (wfb::net_migration_rate antigua_and_barbuda (* -4.91 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 4365 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate antigua_and_barbuda date_1995 );; line 4369 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate antigua_and_barbuda (* 17.8 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 4369 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth antigua_and_barbuda total_population (* 73.4 years) );; line 4374 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth antigua_and_barbuda male (* 71.32 years) );; line 4376 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth antigua_and_barbuda female date_1995 );; line 4378 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth antigua_and_barbuda female (* 75.57 years) );; line 4378 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate antigua_and_barbuda date_1995 );; line 4382 (wfb::total_fertility_rate antigua_and_barbuda (* 1.68 children_born/woman) );; line 4382 (wfb::nationality antigua_and_barbuda noun "Antiguan(s), Barbudan(s)" );; line 4387 (wfb::nationality antigua_and_barbuda adjective "Antiguan, Barbudan" );; line 4389 (wfb::ethnic-entity antigua_and_barbuda black_african n/a );; line 4393 (wfb::ethnic-entity antigua_and_barbuda british n/a );; line 4393 (wfb::ethnic-entity antigua_and_barbuda portuguese-ethnic-entity n/a );; line 4393 (wfb::ethnic-entity antigua_and_barbuda lebanese n/a );; line 4393 (wfb::ethnic-entity antigua_and_barbuda syrian n/a );; line 4393 (wfb::religion antigua_and_barbuda anglican n/a );; line 4397 (wfb::religion antigua_and_barbuda some_roman_catholic n/a );; line 4397 (wfb::language antigua_and_barbuda english n/a );; line 4402 (wfb::comment language antigua_and_barbuda english "official" );; line 4402 (wfb::language antigua_and_barbuda local_dialects n/a );; line 4402 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition antigua_and_barbuda date_1960 );; line 4406 (wfb::literacy-condition antigua_and_barbuda "age 15 and over has completed five or more years of schooling" );; line 4406 (wfb::literacy antigua_and_barbuda total_population (* 89 %) );; line 4409 (wfb::literacy antigua_and_barbuda male (* 90 %) );; line 4411 (wfb::literacy antigua_and_barbuda female (* 88 %) );; line 4413 (wfb::total_labor_force antigua_and_barbuda 30000 );; line 4417 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force antigua_and_barbuda by_occupation date_1983 );; line 4419 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1983 );; line 4419 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation antigua_and_barbuda commerce_and_services (* 82 %) );; line 4419 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation antigua_and_barbuda agriculture (* 11 %) );; line 4419 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation antigua_and_barbuda industry (* 7 %) );; line 4419 (wfb::names antigua_and_barbuda conventional_short_form "Antigua and Barbuda" );; line 4427 (wfb::digraph antigua_and_barbuda "AC" );; line 4431 (wfb::type antigua_and_barbuda "parliamentary democracy" );; line 4435 (wfb::capital antigua_and_barbuda |Saint John's-antigua_and_barbuda| );; line 4439 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_antigua_and_barbuda_parishes "parishes" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 4443 (wfb::administrative_divisions antigua_and_barbuda adm_div_antigua_and_barbuda_parishes 6 );; line 4443 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_antigua_and_barbuda_dependencies "dependencies" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 4443 (wfb::administrative_divisions antigua_and_barbuda adm_div_antigua_and_barbuda_dependencies 2 );; line 4443 (wfb::administrative_division_of antigua_and_barbuda adm_div_antigua_and_barbuda_dependencies "Barbuda" );; line 4443 (wfb::administrative_division_of antigua_and_barbuda adm_div_antigua_and_barbuda_dependencies "Redonda" );; line 4443 (wfb::administrative_division_of antigua_and_barbuda adm_div_antigua_and_barbuda_parishes "Saint George" );; line 4443 (wfb::administrative_division_of antigua_and_barbuda adm_div_antigua_and_barbuda_parishes "Saint John" );; line 4443 (wfb::administrative_division_of antigua_and_barbuda adm_div_antigua_and_barbuda_parishes "Saint Mary" );; line 4443 (wfb::administrative_division_of antigua_and_barbuda adm_div_antigua_and_barbuda_parishes "Saint Paul" );; line 4443 (wfb::administrative_division_of antigua_and_barbuda adm_div_antigua_and_barbuda_parishes "Saint Peter" );; line 4443 (wfb::administrative_division_of antigua_and_barbuda adm_div_antigua_and_barbuda_parishes "Saint Philip" );; line 4443 (wfb::independence antigua_and_barbuda date_1_nov_1981 "UK" );; line 4448 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1981 );; line 4452 (wfb::comment national_holiday antigua_and_barbuda "1981" );; line 4452 (wfb::national_holiday antigua_and_barbuda "Independence Day" date_1_nov );; line 4452 (wfb::constitution antigua_and_barbuda "1 November 1981" );; line 4456 (wfb::legal_system antigua_and_barbuda "based on English common law" );; line 4460 (wfb::comment suffrage antigua_and_barbuda " universal" );; line 4464 (wfb::suffrage antigua_and_barbuda (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 4464 (wfb::executive_branch antigua_and_barbuda head_of_government "Prime Minister Lester Bryant BIRD " date_8_mar_1994 );; line 4472 (wfb::comment executive_branch antigua_and_barbuda cabinet "appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister" );; line 4474 (wfb::executive_branch antigua_and_barbuda cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 4474 (wfb::legislative_structure antigua_and_barbuda bicameral "Parliament" );; line 4479 (wfb::legislative_branch antigua_and_barbuda "Senate" "17 member body appointed by the governor general" );; line 4481 (wfb::legislative_branch antigua_and_barbuda "House of Representatives" "elections last held 8 March 1994 (next to be held NA 1999); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (17 total) ALP 11, UPP 5, independent 1" );; line 4483 (wfb::judicial_branch antigua_and_barbuda "Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court" );; line 4489 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders antigua_and_barbuda "Antigua Labor Party (ALP), Lester Bryant BIRD; United Progressive Party (UPP), Baldwin SPENCER" );; line 4493 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups antigua_and_barbuda "United Progressive Party (UPP), headed by Baldwin SPENCER, a coalition of three opposition political parties - the United National Democratic Party (UNDP); the Antigua Caribbean Liberation Movement (ACLM); and the Progressive Labor Movement (PLM); Antigua Trades and Labor Union (ATLU), headed by William ROBINSON" );; line 4498 (wfb::member_of antigua_and_barbuda acp );; line 4506 (wfb::member_of antigua_and_barbuda c );; line 4506 (wfb::member_of antigua_and_barbuda caricom );; line 4506 (wfb::member_of antigua_and_barbuda cdb );; line 4506 (wfb::member_of antigua_and_barbuda eclac );; line 4506 (wfb::member_of antigua_and_barbuda fao );; line 4506 (wfb::member_of antigua_and_barbuda g-77 );; line 4506 (wfb::member_of antigua_and_barbuda gatt );; line 4506 (wfb::member_of antigua_and_barbuda ibrd );; line 4506 (wfb::member_of antigua_and_barbuda icao );; line 4506 (wfb::member_of antigua_and_barbuda icftu );; line 4506 (wfb::member_of antigua_and_barbuda icrm );; line 4506 (wfb::member_of antigua_and_barbuda ifad );; line 4506 (wfb::member_of antigua_and_barbuda ifc );; line 4506 (wfb::member_of antigua_and_barbuda ifrcs );; line 4506 (wfb::comment member_of antigua_and_barbuda ifrcs "associate" );; line 4506 (wfb::member_of antigua_and_barbuda ilo );; line 4506 (wfb::member_of antigua_and_barbuda imf );; line 4506 (wfb::member_of antigua_and_barbuda imo );; line 4506 (wfb::member_of antigua_and_barbuda intelsat );; line 4506 (wfb::comment member_of antigua_and_barbuda intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 4506 (wfb::member_of antigua_and_barbuda interpol );; line 4506 (wfb::member_of antigua_and_barbuda ioc );; line 4506 (wfb::member_of antigua_and_barbuda iso );; line 4506 (wfb::comment member_of antigua_and_barbuda iso "subscriber" );; line 4506 (wfb::member_of antigua_and_barbuda itu );; line 4506 (wfb::member_of antigua_and_barbuda nam );; line 4506 (wfb::comment member_of antigua_and_barbuda nam "observer" );; line 4506 (wfb::member_of antigua_and_barbuda oas );; line 4506 (wfb::member_of antigua_and_barbuda oecs );; line 4506 (wfb::member_of antigua_and_barbuda opanal );; line 4506 (wfb::member_of antigua_and_barbuda un );; line 4506 (wfb::member_of antigua_and_barbuda unctad );; line 4506 (wfb::member_of antigua_and_barbuda unesco );; line 4506 (wfb::member_of antigua_and_barbuda upu );; line 4506 (wfb::member_of antigua_and_barbuda wcl );; line 4506 (wfb::member_of antigua_and_barbuda wftu );; line 4506 (wfb::member_of antigua_and_barbuda who );; line 4506 (wfb::member_of antigua_and_barbuda wmo );; line 4506 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us antigua_and_barbuda chief_of_mission "Ambassador Patrick Albert LEWIS" );; line 4514 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us antigua_and_barbuda chancery "3216 New Mexico Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20016" );; line 4516 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us antigua_and_barbuda telephone "[1] (202) 362-5211, 5166, 5122" );; line 4518 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us antigua_and_barbuda fax "[1] (202) 362-5225" );; line 4520 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us antigua_and_barbuda |consulate(s) general| "Miami" );; line 4522 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation antigua_and_barbuda "the post was closed 30 June 1994; the US Ambassador to Barbados is accredited to Antigua and Barbuda" );; line 4526 (wfb::flag antigua_and_barbuda "red with an inverted isosceles triangle based on the top edge of the flag; the triangle contains three horizontal bands of black (top), light blue, and white with a yellow rising sun in the black band" );; line 4531 (wfb::overview antigua_and_barbuda "The economy is primarily service oriented, with tourism the most important determinant of economic performance. In 1993, tourism made a direct contribution to GDP of about 17%, and also spurred growth in other sectors such as construction and transport. While only accounting for roughly 5% of GDP in 1993, agricultural production increased by 4%. Tourist arrivals remained strong in 1994." );; line 4538 (wfb::estimation-date national_product antigua_and_barbuda date_1993 );; line 4546 (wfb::national_product antigua_and_barbuda (* 400e6 $) );; line 4546 (wfb::measurement-date national_product_real_growth_rate antigua_and_barbuda date_1993 );; line 4550 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate antigua_and_barbuda (* 3.4 %) );; line 4550 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita antigua_and_barbuda date_1993 );; line 4554 (wfb::national_product_per_capita antigua_and_barbuda (* 6000 $) );; line 4554 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| antigua_and_barbuda "7% (1993)" );; line 4558 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate antigua_and_barbuda date_1992 );; line 4562 (wfb::unemployment_rate antigua_and_barbuda (* 6 %) );; line 4562 (wfb::budget antigua_and_barbuda revenues (* 105e6 $) );; line 4567 (wfb::measurement-date budget antigua_and_barbuda date_1992 );; line 4569 (wfb::budget antigua_and_barbuda expenditures (* 161e6 $) );; line 4569 (wfb::budget antigua_and_barbuda capital_expenditures (* 56e6 $) );; line 4569 (wfb::exports antigua_and_barbuda (* 54.7e6 $) );; line 4574 (wfb::exports antigua_and_barbuda commodities petroleum_products-commodity (* 48 %) );; line 4576 (wfb::exports antigua_and_barbuda commodities manufactures (* 23 %) );; line 4576 (wfb::exports antigua_and_barbuda commodities food_and_live_animals (* 4 %) );; line 4576 (wfb::exports antigua_and_barbuda commodities machinery_and_transport_equipment (* 17 %) );; line 4576 (wfb::exports antigua_and_barbuda partners oecs-region (* 26 %) );; line 4579 (wfb::exports antigua_and_barbuda partners barbados (* 15 %) );; line 4579 (wfb::exports antigua_and_barbuda partners guyana (* 4 %) );; line 4579 (wfb::exports antigua_and_barbuda partners trinidad_and_tobago (* 2 %) );; line 4579 (wfb::exports antigua_and_barbuda partners us (* 0.3 %) );; line 4579 (wfb::imports antigua_and_barbuda (* 260.9e6 $) );; line 4584 (wfb::imports antigua_and_barbuda commodities food_and_live_animals n/a );; line 4586 (wfb::imports antigua_and_barbuda commodities machinery_and_transport_equipment n/a );; line 4586 (wfb::imports antigua_and_barbuda commodities manufactures n/a );; line 4586 (wfb::imports antigua_and_barbuda commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 4586 (wfb::imports antigua_and_barbuda commodities oil-commodity n/a );; line 4586 (wfb::imports antigua_and_barbuda partners us (* 27 %) );; line 4589 (wfb::imports antigua_and_barbuda partners uk (* 16 %) );; line 4589 (wfb::imports antigua_and_barbuda partners canada (* 4 %) );; line 4589 (wfb::imports antigua_and_barbuda partners oecs-georef (* 3 %) );; line 4589 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt antigua_and_barbuda date_1990 );; line 4593 (wfb::external_debt antigua_and_barbuda (* 250e6 $) );; line 4593 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 4597 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production antigua_and_barbuda date_1993 );; line 4597 (wfb::industrial_production antigua_and_barbuda growth_rate (* -4.9 %) );; line 4597 (wfb::industrial_production antigua_and_barbuda accounts_for (* 6.5 %_of_gdp) );; line 4597 (wfb::electricity antigua_and_barbuda capacity (* 52100 kw) );; line 4602 (wfb::electricity antigua_and_barbuda production (* 95e6 kwh) );; line 4604 (wfb::measurement-date electricity antigua_and_barbuda consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 4606 (wfb::electricity antigua_and_barbuda consumption_per_capita (* 1242 kwh) );; line 4606 (wfb::industry antigua_and_barbuda tourism );; line 4610 (wfb::industry antigua_and_barbuda construction-industry );; line 4610 (wfb::industry antigua_and_barbuda |light manufacturing (clothing, alcohol, household appliances)| );; line 4610 (wfb::agriculture antigua_and_barbuda "accounts for 5% of GDP; expanding output of cotton, fruits, vegetables, and livestock; other crops - bananas, coconuts, cucumbers, mangoes, sugarcane; not self-sufficient in food" );; line 4615 (wfb::illicit_drugs antigua_and_barbuda "a long-time but relatively minor transshipment point for narcotics bound for the US and Europe and recent transshipment point for heroin from Europe to the US; more significant as a drug money laundering center" );; line 4621 (wfb::economic_aid antigua_and_barbuda recipient "US commitments (1985-88), $10 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $50 million" );; line 4628 (wfb::abbreviation ec_dollar "EC$" );; line 4633 (wfb::currency antigua_and_barbuda ec_dollar 100 cents );; line 4633 (wfb::exchange_rates antigua_and_barbuda "East Caribbean dollars (EC$) per US$1 - 2.70 (fixed rate since 1976)" );; line 4637 (wfb::fiscal_year antigua_and_barbuda date_1_apr date_31_mar );; line 4642 (wfb::railroads antigua_and_barbuda total "77 km" );; line 4648 (wfb::railroads antigua_and_barbuda narrow_gauge "64 km 0.760-m gauge; 13 km 0.610-m gauge (used almost exclusively for handling sugar cane)" );; line 4650 (wfb::highways antigua_and_barbuda total (* 240 km) );; line 4656 (wfb::port antigua_and_barbuda |Saint John's-antigua_and_barbuda| );; line 4664 (wfb::merchant_marine antigua_and_barbuda total "304 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,188,113 GRT/1,651,190 DWT" );; line 4669 (wfb::merchant_marine antigua_and_barbuda ships_by_type "bulk 7, cargo 216, chemical tanker 8, container 48, liquefied gas tanker 3, oil tanker 1, refrigerated cargo 10, roll-on/roll-off cargo 11" );; line 4672 (wfb::comment merchant_marine antigua_and_barbuda "a flag of convenience registry" );; line 4675 (wfb::airports antigua_and_barbuda total 3 );; line 4680 (wfb::airports antigua_and_barbuda |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 4682 (wfb::airports antigua_and_barbuda with_paved_runways_under_914_m 2 );; line 4684 (wfb::telephone_system antigua_and_barbuda "6,700 telephones; good automatic telephone system" );; line 4689 (wfb::telephone_system antigua_and_barbuda local "NA" );; line 4691 (wfb::telephone_system antigua_and_barbuda intercity "NA" );; line 4693 (wfb::telephone_system antigua_and_barbuda international "1 coaxial submarine cable; 1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station; tropospheric scatter links with Saba and Guadeloupe" );; line 4695 (wfb::radio antigua_and_barbuda broadcast_stations am 4 );; line 4701 (wfb::radio antigua_and_barbuda broadcast_stations fm 2 );; line 4701 (wfb::radio antigua_and_barbuda broadcast_stations shortwave 2 );; line 4701 (wfb::radio antigua_and_barbuda radios n/a );; line 4703 (wfb::television antigua_and_barbuda broadcast_stations 2 );; line 4708 (wfb::television antigua_and_barbuda televisions n/a );; line 4710 (wfb::defense_branch antigua_and_barbuda royal_antigua_and_barbuda_defense_force_antigua_and_barbuda );; line 4716 (wfb::comment defense_branch antigua_and_barbuda royal_antigua_and_barbuda_police_force_antigua_and_barbuda "includes the Coast Guard" );; line 4716 (wfb::defense_branch antigua_and_barbuda royal_antigua_and_barbuda_police_force_antigua_and_barbuda );; line 4716 (wfb::for-fiscal-year defense_expenditures antigua_and_barbuda 90 );; line 4721 (wfb::defense_expenditures antigua_and_barbuda (* 1.4e6 $) );; line 4721 (wfb::defense_expenditures antigua_and_barbuda (* 1 %_of_gdp) );; line 4721 (wfb::markup-parameter figure arctic_ocean "graphno=\"xq.tif\"" );; line 4727 (wfb::location arctic_ocean "body of water mostly north of the Arctic Circle" );; line 4731 (wfb::map_references arctic_ocean "Arctic Region" );; line 4735 (wfb::area arctic_ocean total_area (* 14.056e6 sq_km) );; line 4740 (wfb::comment area arctic_ocean comparative_area "after Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, and Indian Ocean" );; line 4742 (wfb::area arctic_ocean comparative_area "slightly more than 1.5 times the size of the US; smallest of the world's four oceans (after Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, and Indian Ocean)" );; line 4742 (wfb::comment area arctic_ocean "includes Baffin Bay, Barents Sea, Beaufort Sea, Chukchi Sea, East Siberian Sea, Greenland Sea, Hudson Bay, Hudson Strait, Kara Sea, Laptev Sea, Northwest Passage, and other tributary water bodies" );; line 4745 (wfb::coastline arctic_ocean (* 45389 km) );; line 4751 (wfb::international_disputes arctic_ocean "some maritime disputes (see littoral states)" );; line 4755 (wfb::international_disputes arctic_ocean "Svalbard is the focus of a maritime boundary dispute between Norway and Russia" );; line 4755 (wfb::climate arctic_ocean "polar climate characterized by persistent cold and relatively narrow annual temperature ranges" );; line 4760 (wfb::climate arctic_ocean "winters characterized by continuous darkness, cold and stable weather conditions, and clear skies" );; line 4760 (wfb::climate arctic_ocean "summers characterized by continuous daylight, damp and foggy weather, and weak cyclones with rain or snow" );; line 4760 (wfb::terrain arctic_ocean "central surface covered by a perennial drifting polar icepack that averages about 3 meters in thickness, although pressure ridges may be three times that size" );; line 4768 (wfb::terrain arctic_ocean "clockwise drift pattern in the Beaufort Gyral Stream, but nearly straight line movement from the New Siberian Islands (Russia) to Denmark Strait (between Greenland and Iceland)" );; line 4768 (wfb::terrain arctic_ocean "the ice pack is surrounded by open seas during the summer, but more than doubles in size during the winter and extends to the encircling land masses" );; line 4768 (wfb::terrain arctic_ocean "the ocean floor is about 50% continental shelf (highest percentage of any ocean) with the remainder a central basin interrupted by three submarine ridges (Alpha Cordillera, Nansen Cordillera, and Lomonsov Ridge)" );; line 4768 (wfb::terrain arctic_ocean "maximum depth is 4,665 meters in the Fram Basin" );; line 4768 (wfb::natural-resource arctic_ocean sand_and_gravel_aggregates );; line 4781 (wfb::natural-resource arctic_ocean placer_deposits );; line 4781 (wfb::natural-resource arctic_ocean polymetallic_nodules );; line 4781 (wfb::natural-resource arctic_ocean oil_and_gas_fields );; line 4781 (wfb::natural-resource arctic_ocean fish );; line 4781 (wfb::natural-resource arctic_ocean |marine mammals (seals and whales)| );; line 4781 (wfb::environment arctic_ocean current_issues "endangered marine species include walruses and whales" );; line 4787 (wfb::environment arctic_ocean current_issues "fragile ecosystem slow to change and slow to recover from disruptions or damage" );; line 4787 (wfb::environment arctic_ocean natural_hazards "ice islands occasionally break away from northern Ellesmere Island" );; line 4790 (wfb::environment arctic_ocean natural_hazards "icebergs calved from glaciers in western Greenland and extreme northeastern Canada" );; line 4790 (wfb::environment arctic_ocean natural_hazards "permafrost in islands" );; line 4790 (wfb::environment arctic_ocean natural_hazards "virtually icelocked from October to June" );; line 4790 (wfb::environment arctic_ocean natural_hazards "ships subject to superstructure icing from October to May" );; line 4790 (wfb::environment arctic_ocean international_agreements "NA" );; line 4795 (wfb::note arctic_ocean "major chokepoint is the southern Chukchi Sea (northern access to the Pacific Ocean via the Bering Strait); strategic location between North America and Russia; shortest marine link between the extremes of eastern and western Russia, floating research stations operated by the US and Russia; maximum snow cover in March or April about 20 to 50 centimeters over the frozen ocean and lasts about 10 months" );; line 4799 (wfb::digraph arctic_ocean "XQ" );; line 4814 (wfb::overview arctic_ocean "Economic activity is limited to the exploitation of natural resources, including petroleum, natural gas, fish, and seals." );; line 4819 (wfb::port-on-shore arctic_ocean "Churchill" "Canada" );; line 4825 (wfb::port-on-shore arctic_ocean "Murmansk" "Russia" );; line 4825 (wfb::port-on-shore arctic_ocean "Prudhoe Bay" "US" );; line 4825 (wfb::note arctic_ocean "sparse network of air, ocean, river, and land routes; the Northwest Passage (North America) and Northern Sea Route (Eurasia) are important seasonal waterways" );; line 4829 (wfb::telephone_system arctic_ocean international "no submarine cables" );; line 4837 (wfb::markup-parameter figure argentina "graphno=\"ar.tif\"" );; line 4842 (wfb::location argentina "Southern South America, bordering the South Atlantic Ocean, between Chile and Uruguay" );; line 4846 (wfb::map_references argentina "South America" );; line 4851 (wfb::area argentina total_area (* 2766890 sq_km) );; line 4856 (wfb::area argentina land_area (* 2736690 sq_km) );; line 4858 (wfb::area argentina comparative_area "slightly less than three-tenths the size of the US" );; line 4860 (wfb::borders argentina total (* 9665 km) );; line 4864 (wfb::borders argentina bolivia (* 832 km) );; line 4864 (wfb::borders argentina brazil (* 1224 km) );; line 4864 (wfb::borders argentina chile (* 5150 km) );; line 4864 (wfb::borders argentina paraguay (* 1880 km) );; line 4864 (wfb::borders argentina uruguay (* 579 km) );; line 4864 (wfb::coastline argentina (* 4989 km) );; line 4869 (wfb::maritime_claims argentina contiguous_zone (* 24 nm) );; line 4874 (wfb::maritime_claims argentina exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 4878 (wfb::maritime_claims argentina territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 4880 (wfb::international_disputes argentina "short section of the boundary with Uruguay is in dispute" );; line 4884 (wfb::international_disputes argentina "short section of the boundary with Chile is indefinite" );; line 4884 (wfb::international_disputes argentina "claims British-administered Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)" );; line 4884 (wfb::international_disputes argentina "claims British-administered South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" );; line 4884 (wfb::international_disputes argentina "territorial claim in Antarctica" );; line 4884 (wfb::climate argentina "mostly temperate" );; line 4891 (wfb::climate argentina "arid in southeast" );; line 4891 (wfb::climate argentina "subantarctic in southwest" );; line 4891 (wfb::terrain argentina "rich plains of the Pampas in northern half, flat to rolling plateau of Patagonia in south, rugged Andes along western border" );; line 4895 (wfb::natural-resource argentina fertile_plains_of_the_pampas );; line 4900 (wfb::natural-resource argentina lead );; line 4900 (wfb::natural-resource argentina zinc );; line 4900 (wfb::natural-resource argentina tin );; line 4900 (wfb::natural-resource argentina copper );; line 4900 (wfb::natural-resource argentina iron_ore );; line 4900 (wfb::natural-resource argentina manganese );; line 4900 (wfb::natural-resource argentina petroleum );; line 4900 (wfb::natural-resource argentina uranium );; line 4900 (wfb::land_use argentina arable_land (* 9 %) );; line 4906 (wfb::land_use argentina permanent_crops (* 4 %) );; line 4908 (wfb::land_use argentina meadows_and_pastures (* 52 %) );; line 4910 (wfb::land_use argentina forest_and_woodland (* 22 %) );; line 4912 (wfb::land_use argentina other (* 13 %) );; line 4914 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land argentina date_1989 );; line 4918 (wfb::irrigated_land argentina (* 17600 sq_km) );; line 4918 (wfb::environment argentina current_issues "erosion results from inadequate flood controls and improper land use practices" );; line 4923 (wfb::environment argentina current_issues "irrigated soil degradation" );; line 4923 (wfb::environment argentina current_issues "desertification" );; line 4923 (wfb::environment argentina current_issues "air pollution in Buenos Aires and other major cites" );; line 4923 (wfb::environment argentina current_issues "water pollution in urban areas" );; line 4923 (wfb::environment argentina current_issues "rivers becoming polluted due to increased pesticide and fertilizer use" );; line 4923 (wfb::environment argentina natural_hazards "Tucuman and Mendoza areas in the Andes subject to earthquakes" );; line 4928 (wfb::environment argentina natural_hazards "pamperos are violent windstorms that can strike the Pampas and northeast" );; line 4928 (wfb::environment argentina natural_hazards "heavy flooding" );; line 4928 (wfb::environment argentina international_agreements "party to - Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling" );; line 4932 (wfb::environment argentina international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Desertification, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation" );; line 4932 (wfb::note argentina "second-largest country in South America (after Brazil); strategic location relative to sea lanes between South Atlantic and South Pacific Oceans (Strait of Magellan, Beagle Channel, Drake Passage)" );; line 4940 (wfb::estimation-date population argentina date_jul_1995 );; line 4948 (wfb::population argentina 34292742 );; line 4948 (wfb::age_structure argentina 0-14_years (* 28 %) );; line 4953 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex argentina 0-14_years female 4706793 );; line 4953 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex argentina 0-14_years male 4903589 );; line 4953 (wfb::age_structure argentina 15-64_years (* 62 %) );; line 4955 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex argentina 15-64_years female 10680074 );; line 4955 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex argentina 15-64_years male 10689728 );; line 4955 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure argentina 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 4957 (wfb::age_structure argentina 65_years_and_over (* 10 %) );; line 4957 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex argentina 65_years_and_over female 1922552 );; line 4957 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex argentina 65_years_and_over male 1390006 );; line 4957 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate argentina date_1995 );; line 4961 (wfb::population_growth_rate argentina (* 1.11 %) );; line 4961 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate argentina date_1995 );; line 4965 (wfb::birth_rate argentina (* 19.51 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 4965 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate argentina date_1995 );; line 4969 (wfb::death_rate argentina (* 8.62 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 4969 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate argentina date_1995 );; line 4973 (wfb::net_migration_rate argentina (* 0.19 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 4973 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate argentina date_1995 );; line 4977 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate argentina (* 28.8 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 4977 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth argentina total_population (* 71.51 years) );; line 4982 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth argentina male (* 68.22 years) );; line 4984 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth argentina female date_1995 );; line 4986 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth argentina female (* 74.97 years) );; line 4986 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate argentina date_1995 );; line 4990 (wfb::total_fertility_rate argentina (* 2.65 children_born/woman) );; line 4990 (wfb::nationality argentina noun "Argentine(s)" );; line 4995 (wfb::nationality argentina adjective "Argentine" );; line 4997 (wfb::ethnic-entity argentina white (* 85 %) );; line 5001 (wfb::ethnic-entity argentina union0 (* 15 %) );; line 5001 (wfb::comment religion "less than 20% practicing" );; line 5005 (wfb::religion argentina nominally_roman_catholic (* 90 %) );; line 5005 (wfb::religion argentina protestant (* 2 %) );; line 5005 (wfb::religion argentina jewish (* 2 %) );; line 5005 (wfb::language argentina spanish-language-group n/a );; line 5010 (wfb::comment language argentina spanish-language-group "official" );; line 5010 (wfb::language argentina english n/a );; line 5010 (wfb::language argentina italian n/a );; line 5010 (wfb::language argentina german n/a );; line 5010 (wfb::language argentina french n/a );; line 5010 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition argentina date_1990 );; line 5014 (wfb::literacy-condition argentina "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 5014 (wfb::literacy argentina total_population (* 95 %) );; line 5016 (wfb::literacy argentina male (* 96 %) );; line 5018 (wfb::literacy argentina female (* 95 %) );; line 5020 (wfb::total_labor_force argentina 10.9e6 );; line 5024 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force argentina by_occupation date_1985 );; line 5026 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1985 );; line 5026 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation argentina agriculture (* 12 %) );; line 5026 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation argentina industry (* 31 %) );; line 5026 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation argentina services (* 57 %) );; line 5026 (wfb::names argentina conventional_long_form "Argentine Republic" );; line 5032 (wfb::names argentina conventional_short_form "Argentina" );; line 5034 (wfb::names argentina local_long_form "Republica Argentina" );; line 5036 (wfb::names argentina local_short_form "Argentina" );; line 5038 (wfb::digraph argentina "AR" );; line 5042 (wfb::type argentina "republic" );; line 5046 (wfb::capital argentina buenos_aires-argentina );; line 5050 (wfb::comment administrative_divisions argentina "the US does not recognize any claims to Antarctica or Argentina's claims to the Falkland Islands" );; line 5061 (wfb::independence argentina date_9_jul_1816 "Spain" );; line 5066 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1810 );; line 5070 (wfb::comment national_holiday argentina "1810" );; line 5070 (wfb::national_holiday argentina "Revolution Day" date_25_may );; line 5070 (wfb::constitution argentina "1 May 1853; revised August 1994" );; line 5074 (wfb::legal_system argentina "mixture of US and West European legal systems; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 5078 (wfb::comment suffrage argentina " universal" );; line 5083 (wfb::suffrage argentina (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 5083 (wfb::comment executive_branch argentina chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "Vice President (position vacant)" );; line 5088 (wfb::comment executive_branch argentina chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "election last held 14 May 1995 (next to be held NA May 1999)" );; line 5088 (wfb::comment executive_branch argentina chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "results - Carlos Saul MENEM was reelected" );; line 5088 (wfb::executive_branch argentina chief_of_state "President Carlos Saul MENEM " date_8_jul_1989 );; line 5088 (wfb::executive_branch argentina head_of_government "President Carlos Saul MENEM " date_8_jul_1989 );; line 5088 (wfb::comment executive_branch argentina cabinet "appointed by the president" );; line 5092 (wfb::executive_branch argentina cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 5092 (wfb::legislative_structure argentina bicameral "National Congress (Congreso Nacional)" );; line 5096 (wfb::legislative_branch argentina "Senate" "elections last held May 1989, but provincial elections in late 1991 set the stage for indirect elections by provincial senators for one-third of 48 seats in the national senate in May 1992; seats (48 total) - PJ 29, UCR 11, others 7, vacant 1" );; line 5098 (wfb::legislative_branch argentina "Chamber of Deputies" "elections last held 3 October 1993 ( next to be held October 1995); elections are held every two years and half of the total membership is elected each time for four year terms; seats - (257 total) PJ 122, UCR 83, MODIN 7, UCD 5, other 40" );; line 5103 (wfb::judicial_branch argentina "Supreme Court (Corte Suprema)" );; line 5110 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders argentina "Justicialist Party (PJ), Carlos Saul MENEM, Peronist umbrella political organization; Radical Civic Union (UCR),Raul ALFONSIN, moderately left-of-center party; Union of the Democratic Center (UCD), Jorge AGUADO, conservative party; Dignity and Independence Political Party (MODIN), Aldo RICO, right-wing party; Grand Front (Frente Grande), Carlos ALVAREZ, center-left coalition; several provincial parties" );; line 5114 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups argentina "Peronist-dominated labor movement; General Confederation of Labor (CGT; Peronist-leaning umbrella labor organization); Argentine Industrial Union (manufacturers' association); Argentine Rural Society (large landowners' association); business organizations; students; the Roman Catholic Church; the Armed Forces" );; line 5123 (wfb::member_of argentina afdb );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina ag );; line 5131 (wfb::comment member_of argentina ag "observer" );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina australia_group );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina bcie );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina ccc );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina eclac );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina fao );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina g-_6 );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina g-11 );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina g-15 );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina g-19 );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina g-24 );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina g-77 );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina gatt );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina iadb );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina iaea );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina ibrd );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina icao );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina icc );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina icftu );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina icrm );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina ida );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina ifad );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina ifc );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina ifrcs );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina ilo );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina imf );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina imo );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina inmarsat );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina intelsat );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina interpol );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina ioc );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina iom );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina iso );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina itu );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina laes );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina laia );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina mercosur );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina minurso );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina mtcr );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina nsg );; line 5131 (wfb::comment member_of argentina nsg "observer" );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina oas );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina onusal );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina opanal );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina pca );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina rg );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina un );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina unavem_ii );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina unctad );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina unesco );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina unficyp );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina unhcr );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina unido );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina unikom );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina unitar );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina unmih );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina unomoz );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina unprofor );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina untso );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina unu );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina upu );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina wcl );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina wftu );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina who );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina wipo );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina wmo );; line 5131 (wfb::member_of argentina wto );; line 5131 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us argentina chief_of_mission "Ambassador Raul Enrique GRANILLO OCAMPO" );; line 5142 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us argentina chancery "1600 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20009" );; line 5144 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us argentina telephone "[1] (202) 939-6400 through 6403" );; line 5146 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us argentina |consulate(s) general| "Atlanta, Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New Orleans, New York, San Francisco, and San Juan (Puerto Rico)" );; line 5148 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation argentina chief_of_mission "Ambassador James R. CHEEK" );; line 5154 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation argentina embassy "4300 Colombia, 1425 Buenos Aires" );; line 5156 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation argentina mailing_address "Unit 4334; APO AA 34034" );; line 5158 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation argentina telephone "[54] (1) 777-4533, 4534" );; line 5160 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation argentina fax "[54] (1) 777-0197" );; line 5162 (wfb::flag argentina "three equal horizontal bands of light blue (top), white, and light blue; centered in the white band is a radiant yellow sun with a human face known as the Sun of May" );; line 5166 (wfb::overview argentina "Argentina, rich in natural resources, benefits also from a highly literate population, an export-oriented agricultural sector, and a diversified industrial base. Nevertheless, following decades of mismanagement and statist policies, the economy in the late 1980s was plagued with huge external debts and recurring bouts of hyperinflation. Elected in 1989, in the depths of recession, President MENEM has implemented a comprehensive economic restructuring program that shows signs of putting Argentina on a path of stable, sustainable growth. Argentina's currency has traded at par with the US dollar since April 1991, and inflation has fallen to its lowest level in 20 years. Argentines have responded to the relative price stability by repatriating flight capital and investing in domestic industry. The economy registered an impressive 6% advance in 1994, fueled largely by inflows of foreign capital and strong domestic consumption spending. The government's major short term objective is encouraging exports, e.g., by reducing domestic costs of production. At the start of 1995, the government had to deal with the spillover from international financial movements associated with the devaluation of the Mexican peso. In addition, unemployment had become a serious issue for the government. Despite average annual 7% growth in 1991-94, unemployment surprisingly has doubled - due mostly to layoffs in government bureaus and in privatized industrial firms and utilities and, to a lesser degree, to illegal immigration. Much remains to be done in the 1990s in dismantling the old statist barriers to growth, extending the recent economic gains, and bringing down the rate of unemployment." );; line 5173 (wfb::estimation-date national_product argentina date_1994 );; line 5199 (wfb::national_product argentina (* 270.8e9 $) );; line 5199 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate argentina date_1994 );; line 5203 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate argentina (* 6 %) );; line 5203 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita argentina date_1994 );; line 5207 (wfb::national_product_per_capita argentina (* 7990 $) );; line 5207 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| argentina "3.9% (1994 est.)" );; line 5211 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate argentina date_1994 );; line 5215 (wfb::unemployment_rate argentina (* 12 %) );; line 5215 (wfb::budget argentina revenues (* 48.46e9 $) );; line 5220 (wfb::estimation-date budget argentina date_1994 );; line 5222 (wfb::budget argentina expenditures (* 46.5e9 $) );; line 5222 (wfb::budget argentina capital_expenditures (* 3.5e9 $) );; line 5222 (wfb::exports argentina (* 15.7e9 $) );; line 5227 (wfb::exports argentina commodities meat n/a );; line 5229 (wfb::exports argentina commodities wheat n/a );; line 5229 (wfb::exports argentina commodities corn n/a );; line 5229 (wfb::exports argentina commodities oilseed n/a );; line 5229 (wfb::exports argentina commodities manufactures n/a );; line 5229 (wfb::exports argentina partners us (* 12 %) );; line 5231 (wfb::exports argentina partners brazil n/a );; line 5231 (wfb::exports argentina partners italy n/a );; line 5231 (wfb::exports argentina partners japan n/a );; line 5231 (wfb::exports argentina partners netherlands n/a );; line 5231 (wfb::imports argentina (* 21.4e9 $) );; line 5235 (wfb::imports argentina commodities machinery_and_equipment n/a );; line 5237 (wfb::imports argentina commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 5237 (wfb::imports argentina commodities metals n/a );; line 5237 (wfb::imports argentina commodities fuels_and_lubricants n/a );; line 5237 (wfb::imports argentina commodities agricultural_products n/a );; line 5237 (wfb::imports argentina partners us (* 22 %) );; line 5240 (wfb::imports argentina partners brazil n/a );; line 5240 (wfb::imports argentina partners germany n/a );; line 5240 (wfb::imports argentina partners bolivia n/a );; line 5240 (wfb::imports argentina partners japan n/a );; line 5240 (wfb::imports argentina partners italy n/a );; line 5240 (wfb::imports argentina partners netherlands n/a );; line 5240 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt argentina date_apr_1994 );; line 5244 (wfb::external_debt argentina (* 73e9 $) );; line 5244 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 5248 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production argentina date_1994 );; line 5248 (wfb::electricity argentina capacity (* 17330000 kw) );; line 5253 (wfb::electricity argentina production (* 54.8e9 kwh) );; line 5255 (wfb::measurement-date electricity argentina consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 5257 (wfb::electricity argentina consumption_per_capita (* 1610 kwh) );; line 5257 (wfb::industry argentina food_processing );; line 5261 (wfb::industry argentina motor_vehicles );; line 5261 (wfb::industry argentina consumer_durables );; line 5261 (wfb::industry argentina textiles );; line 5261 (wfb::industry argentina chemicals );; line 5261 (wfb::industry argentina petrochemicals );; line 5261 (wfb::industry argentina printing );; line 5261 (wfb::industry argentina metallurgy );; line 5261 (wfb::industry argentina steel );; line 5261 (wfb::agriculture argentina "accounts for 8% of GDP (including fishing); produces abundant food for both domestic consumption and exports; among world's top five exporters of grain and beef; principal crops - wheat, corn, sorghum, soybeans, sugar beets" );; line 5266 (wfb::illicit_drugs argentina "increasing use as a transshipment country for cocaine headed for the US and Europe" );; line 5273 (wfb::economic_aid argentina recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $1 billion; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $4.4 billion; Communist countries (1970-89), $718 million" );; line 5279 (wfb::abbreviation nuevo_peso_argentino "n/a" );; line 5285 (wfb::currency argentina nuevo_peso_argentino 100 centavos );; line 5285 (wfb::exchange_rates argentina "pesos per US$1 - 0.99870 (December 1994), 0.99901 (1994), 0.99895 (1993), 0.99064 (1992), 0.95355 (1991), 0.48759 (1990)" );; line 5289 (wfb::fiscal_year argentina date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 5294 (wfb::railroads argentina total "34,572 km" );; line 5300 (wfb::railroads argentina broad_gauge "NA km 1.676-m gauge" );; line 5302 (wfb::railroads argentina standard_gauge "NA km 1.435-m" );; line 5304 (wfb::railroads argentina narrow_gauge "400 km 0.750-m gauge; NA km 1.000-m gauge (209 km electrified)" );; line 5306 (wfb::highways argentina total (* 208350 km) );; line 5311 (wfb::highways argentina paved (* 57000 km) );; line 5313 (wfb::highways argentina gravel (* 39500 km) );; line 5315 (wfb::highways argentina improved/unimproved_earth (* 111850 km) );; line 5315 (wfb::inland_waterways argentina "11,000 km navigable" );; line 5319 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 4090 km) );; line 5323 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 2900 km) );; line 5323 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 9918 km) );; line 5323 (wfb::port argentina bahia_blanca-argentina );; line 5328 (wfb::port argentina buenos_aires-argentina );; line 5328 (wfb::port argentina comodoro_rivadavia-argentina );; line 5328 (wfb::port argentina la_plata-argentina );; line 5328 (wfb::port argentina mar_del_plata-argentina );; line 5328 (wfb::port argentina necochea-argentina );; line 5328 (wfb::port argentina rio_gallegos-argentina );; line 5328 (wfb::port argentina rosario-argentina );; line 5328 (wfb::port argentina santa_fe-argentina );; line 5328 (wfb::port argentina ushuaia-argentina );; line 5328 (wfb::merchant_marine argentina total "44 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 434,525 GRT/667,501 DWT" );; line 5335 (wfb::merchant_marine argentina ships_by_type "bulk 3, cargo 21, chemical tanker 1, container 4, oil tanker 8, railcar carrier 1, refrigerated cargo 5, roll-on/roll-off cargo 1" );; line 5337 (wfb::airports argentina total 1602 );; line 5343 (wfb::airports argentina |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 5 );; line 5345 (wfb::airports argentina |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 25 );; line 5347 (wfb::airports argentina |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 55 );; line 5349 (wfb::airports argentina |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 48 );; line 5351 (wfb::airports argentina with_paved_runways_under_914_m 703 );; line 5353 (wfb::airports argentina |with unpaved runways over 3,047 m| 2 );; line 5355 (wfb::airports argentina |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 5357 (wfb::airports argentina |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 70 );; line 5359 (wfb::airports argentina |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 693 );; line 5361 (wfb::telephone_system argentina "2,650,000 telephones; 12,000 public telephones; 78 telephones/1,000 persons; extensive modern system but many families do not have telephones; microwave widely used; however, during rainstorms, the telephone system frequently grounds out, even in Buenos Aires" );; line 5366 (wfb::telephone_system argentina local "NA" );; line 5371 (wfb::telephone_system argentina intercity "microwave radio relay and domestic satellite network with 40 earth stations" );; line 5373 (wfb::telephone_system argentina international "2 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth stations" );; line 5376 (wfb::radio argentina broadcast_stations am 171 );; line 5381 (wfb::radio argentina broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 5381 (wfb::radio argentina broadcast_stations shortwave 13 );; line 5381 (wfb::radio argentina radios n/a );; line 5383 (wfb::television argentina broadcast_stations 231 );; line 5388 (wfb::television argentina televisions n/a );; line 5390 (wfb::defense_branch argentina argentine_army_argentina );; line 5396 (wfb::defense_branch argentina navy_of_the_argentine_republic_argentina );; line 5396 (wfb::defense_branch argentina argentine_air_force_argentina );; line 5396 (wfb::defense_branch argentina national_gendarmerie_argentina );; line 5396 (wfb::comment defense_branch argentina argentine_naval_prefecture_argentina "Coast Guard only" );; line 5396 (wfb::defense_branch argentina argentine_naval_prefecture_argentina );; line 5396 (wfb::defense_branch argentina national_aeronautical_police_force_argentina );; line 5396 (wfb::manpower_availability argentina "males age 15-49 8,573,780; males fit for military service 6,954,584; males reach military age (20) annually 301,166 (1995 est.)" );; line 5402 (wfb::markup-parameter figure armenia "graphno=\"am.tif\"" );; line 5413 (wfb::location armenia "Southwestern Asia, east of Turkey" );; line 5417 (wfb::map_references armenia "Commonwealth of Independent States - European States" );; line 5421 (wfb::area armenia total_area (* 29800 sq_km) );; line 5426 (wfb::area armenia land_area (* 28400 sq_km) );; line 5428 (wfb::area armenia comparative_area "slightly larger than Maryland" );; line 5430 (wfb::borders armenia total (* 1254 km) );; line 5434 (wfb::borders armenia |Azerbaijan (east)| (* 566 km) );; line 5434 (wfb::borders armenia |Azerbaijan (south)| (* 221 km) );; line 5434 (wfb::borders armenia georgia (* 164 km) );; line 5434 (wfb::borders armenia iran (* 35 km) );; line 5434 (wfb::borders armenia turkey (* 268 km) );; line 5434 (wfb::comment coastline armenia "landlocked" );; line 5439 (wfb::coastline armenia (* 0 km) );; line 5439 (wfb::maritime_claims armenia "none; landlocked" );; line 5443 (wfb::international_disputes armenia "supports ethnic Armenians in Nagorno-Karabakh in their separatist conflict against the Azerbaijani government" );; line 5447 (wfb::international_disputes armenia "traditional demands on former Armenian lands in Turkey have subsided" );; line 5447 (wfb::climate armenia "highland continental, hot summers, cold winters" );; line 5453 (wfb::terrain armenia "high Armenian Plateau with mountains" );; line 5457 (wfb::terrain armenia "little forest land" );; line 5457 (wfb::terrain armenia "fast flowing rivers" );; line 5457 (wfb::terrain armenia "good soil in Aras River valley" );; line 5457 (wfb::natural-resource armenia small_deposits_of_gold );; line 5462 (wfb::natural-resource armenia copper );; line 5462 (wfb::natural-resource armenia molybdenum );; line 5462 (wfb::natural-resource armenia zinc );; line 5462 (wfb::natural-resource armenia alumina );; line 5462 (wfb::land_use armenia arable_land (* 17 %) );; line 5467 (wfb::land_use armenia permanent_crops (* 3 %) );; line 5469 (wfb::land_use armenia meadows_and_pastures (* 20 %) );; line 5471 (wfb::land_use armenia forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 5473 (wfb::land_use armenia other (* 60 %) );; line 5475 (wfb::measurement-date irrigated_land armenia date_1990 );; line 5479 (wfb::irrigated_land armenia (* 3050 sq_km) );; line 5479 (wfb::environment armenia current_issues "soil pollution from toxic chemicals such as DDT" );; line 5484 (wfb::environment armenia current_issues "energy blockade, the result of conflict with Azerbaijan, has led to deforestation as citizens scavenge for firewood" );; line 5484 (wfb::environment armenia current_issues "pollution of Hrazdan (Razdan) and Aras Rivers" );; line 5484 (wfb::environment armenia current_issues "the draining of Sevana Lich, a result of its use as a source for hydropower, threatens drinking water supplies" );; line 5484 (wfb::environment armenia natural_hazards "occasionally severe earthquakes" );; line 5490 (wfb::environment armenia natural_hazards "droughts" );; line 5490 (wfb::environment armenia international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Nuclear Test Ban, Wetlands" );; line 5492 (wfb::environment armenia international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Desertification" );; line 5492 (wfb::note armenia "landlocked" );; line 5497 (wfb::estimation-date population armenia date_jul_1995 );; line 5503 (wfb::population armenia 3557284 );; line 5503 (wfb::age_structure armenia 0-14_years (* 31 %) );; line 5508 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex armenia 0-14_years female 542664 );; line 5508 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex armenia 0-14_years male 570998 );; line 5508 (wfb::age_structure armenia 15-64_years (* 61 %) );; line 5510 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex armenia 15-64_years female 1103171 );; line 5510 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex armenia 15-64_years male 1076226 );; line 5510 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure armenia 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 5512 (wfb::age_structure armenia 65_years_and_over (* 8 %) );; line 5512 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex armenia 65_years_and_over female 154784 );; line 5512 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex armenia 65_years_and_over male 109441 );; line 5512 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate armenia date_1995 );; line 5516 (wfb::population_growth_rate armenia (* 0.94 %) );; line 5516 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate armenia date_1995 );; line 5520 (wfb::birth_rate armenia (* 22.79 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 5520 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate armenia date_1995 );; line 5524 (wfb::death_rate armenia (* 6.66 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 5524 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate armenia date_1995 );; line 5528 (wfb::net_migration_rate armenia (* -6.68 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 5528 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate armenia date_1995 );; line 5532 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate armenia (* 26 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 5532 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth armenia total_population (* 72.36 years) );; line 5537 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth armenia male (* 68.94 years) );; line 5539 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth armenia female date_1995 );; line 5541 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth armenia female (* 75.95 years) );; line 5541 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate armenia date_1995 );; line 5545 (wfb::total_fertility_rate armenia (* 3.06 children_born/woman) );; line 5545 (wfb::nationality armenia noun "Armenian(s)" );; line 5550 (wfb::nationality armenia adjective "Armenian" );; line 5552 (wfb::measurement-date ethnic-entity date_1989 );; line 5556 (wfb::ethnic-entity armenia armenian (* 93 %) );; line 5556 (wfb::ethnic-entity armenia azeri (* 3 %) );; line 5556 (wfb::ethnic-entity armenia russian (* 2 %) );; line 5556 (wfb::comment ethnic_divisions armenia "as of the end of 1994, most Azeris had emigrated from Armenia" );; line 5559 (wfb::religion armenia armenian_orthodox (* 94 %) );; line 5563 (wfb::language armenia armenian-language-group (* 96 %) );; line 5567 (wfb::language armenia russian-language-group (* 2 %) );; line 5567 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition armenia date_1989 );; line 5571 (wfb::literacy-condition armenia "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 5571 (wfb::literacy armenia total_population (* 99 %) );; line 5573 (wfb::literacy armenia male (* 99 %) );; line 5575 (wfb::literacy armenia female (* 98 %) );; line 5577 (wfb::total_labor_force armenia 1.578e6 );; line 5581 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force armenia by_occupation date_1992 );; line 5583 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1992 );; line 5583 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation armenia industry_and_construction (* 34 %) );; line 5583 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation armenia agriculture_and_forestry (* 31 %) );; line 5583 (wfb::names armenia conventional_long_form "Republic of Armenia" );; line 5590 (wfb::names armenia conventional_short_form "Armenia" );; line 5592 (wfb::names armenia local_long_form "Hayastani Hanrapetut'yun" );; line 5594 (wfb::names armenia local_short_form "Hayastan" );; line 5596 (wfb::names armenia former "Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic; Armenian Republic" );; line 5598 (wfb::digraph armenia "AM" );; line 5602 (wfb::type armenia "republic" );; line 5606 (wfb::capital armenia yerevan-armenia );; line 5610 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_armenia_regions "regions" "shrjanner" "shrjan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_divisions armenia adm_div_armenia_regions 37 );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_armenia_cities "cities" "kaghakner" "kaghak" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_divisions armenia adm_div_armenia_cities 23 );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_cities "Abovyan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_regions "Akhuryani Shrjan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_cities "Alaverdi" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_regions "Amasiayi Shrjan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_regions "Anii Shrjan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_regions "Aparani Shrjan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_regions "Aragatsi Shrjan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_cities "Ararat" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_regions "Ararati Shrjan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_regions "Armaviri Shrjan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_cities "Artashat" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_regions "Artashati Shrjan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_cities "Art'ik" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_regions "Art'iki Shrjan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_regions "Ashots'k'i Shrjan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_cities "Ashtarak" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_regions "Ashtaraki Shrjan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_regions "Baghramyani Shrjan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_cities "Ch'arents'avan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_cities "Dilijan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_cities "Ejmiatsin" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_regions "Ejmiatsni Shrjan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_cities "Goris" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_regions "Gorisi Shrjan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_regions "Gugark'i Shrjan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_cities "Gyumri" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_cities "Hoktemberyan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_cities "Hrazdan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_regions "Hrazdani Shrjan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_cities "Ijevan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_regions "Ijevani Shrjan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_cities "Jermuk" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_cities "Kamo" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_regions "Kamoyi Shrjan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_cities "Kapan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_regions "Kapani Shrjan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_regions "Kotayk'i Shrjan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_regions "Krasnoselski Shrjan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_regions "Martunu Shrjan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_regions "Masisi Shrjan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_regions "Meghru Shrjan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_cities "Metsamor" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_regions "Nairii Shrjan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_regions "Noyemberyani Shrjan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_cities "Sevan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_regions "Sevani Shrjan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_regions "Sisiani Shrjan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_cities "Spitak" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_regions "Spitaki Shrjan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_cities "Step'anavan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_regions "Step'anavani Shrjan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_regions "T'alini Shrjan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_regions "Tashiri Shrjan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_regions "Taushi Shrjan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_regions "T'umanyani Shrjan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_cities "Vanadzor" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_regions "Vardenisi Shrjan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_regions "Vayk'i Shrjan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_regions "Yeghegnadzori Shrjan" );; line 5614 (wfb::administrative_division_of armenia adm_div_armenia_cities "Yerevan" );; line 5614 (wfb::independence armenia date_28_may_1918 "Soviet Union" );; line 5630 (wfb::national_holiday armenia "Referendum Day" date_21_sep );; line 5635 (wfb::constitution armenia "adopted NA April 1978; referendum on new constitution to be held 5 July 1995" );; line 5639 (wfb::legal_system armenia "based on civil law system" );; line 5644 (wfb::comment suffrage armenia " universal" );; line 5648 (wfb::suffrage armenia (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 5648 (wfb::comment executive_branch armenia chief_of_state "results - Levon Akopovich TER-PETROSYAN 86%" );; line 5653 (wfb::comment executive_branch armenia chief_of_state "radical nationalists about 7%" );; line 5653 (wfb::comment executive_branch armenia chief_of_state "note - Levon Akopovich TER-PETROSYAN was elected Chairman of the Armenian Supreme Soviet 4 August 1990 before becoming president" );; line 5653 (wfb::comment executive_branch armenia head_of_government "First Deputy Prime Minister Vigen CHITECHYAN (since 16 February 1993)" );; line 5659 (wfb::executive_branch armenia head_of_government "Prime Minister Hrant BAGRATYAN " date_16_feb_1993 );; line 5659 (wfb::comment executive_branch armenia cabinet "appointed by the president" );; line 5662 (wfb::executive_branch armenia cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 5662 (wfb::legislative_structure armenia unicameral n/a );; line 5666 (wfb::legislative_branch armenia "Supreme Soviet" "elections last held 20 May 1990 (next to be held 5 July 1995); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (260 total) non-aligned 136, ANM 52, DPA 17, Democratic Liberal Party 17, ARF 12, NDU 9, Christian Democratic Party 1, Constitutional Rights Union 1, ONS 1, Republican Party 1, Nagorno-Karabakh representatives 13" );; line 5668 (wfb::judicial_branch armenia "Supreme Court" );; line 5676 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders armenia "Armenian National Movement (ANM), Ter-Husik LAZARYAN, chairman; National Democratic Union (NDU), David VARTANYAN, chairman; Armenian Revolutionary Federation (ARF, Dashnaktsutyun); note - banned until reorganized; Democratic Party of Armenia (DPA; Communist Party), Aram SARKISYAN, chairman; Christian Democratic Party, Azat ARSHAKYAN, chairman; Greens Party, Hakob SANASARIAN, chairman; Democratic Liberal Party, Rouben MIRZAKHANYAN, chairman; Republican Party, Ashot NAVARSARDYAN, chairman; Union for Self-Determination (ONS), Paruir AIRIKYAN, chairman" );; line 5680 (wfb::member_of armenia bsec );; line 5691 (wfb::member_of armenia ccc );; line 5691 (wfb::member_of armenia cis );; line 5691 (wfb::member_of armenia ebrd );; line 5691 (wfb::member_of armenia ece );; line 5691 (wfb::member_of armenia escap );; line 5691 (wfb::member_of armenia fao );; line 5691 (wfb::member_of armenia iaea );; line 5691 (wfb::member_of armenia ibrd );; line 5691 (wfb::member_of armenia icao );; line 5691 (wfb::member_of armenia ida );; line 5691 (wfb::member_of armenia ifad );; line 5691 (wfb::member_of armenia ilo );; line 5691 (wfb::member_of armenia imf );; line 5691 (wfb::member_of armenia intelsat );; line 5691 (wfb::member_of armenia interpol );; line 5691 (wfb::member_of armenia ioc );; line 5691 (wfb::member_of armenia iom );; line 5691 (wfb::member_of armenia itu );; line 5691 (wfb::member_of armenia nacc );; line 5691 (wfb::member_of armenia nam );; line 5691 (wfb::comment member_of armenia nam "observer" );; line 5691 (wfb::member_of armenia osce );; line 5691 (wfb::member_of armenia pfp );; line 5691 (wfb::member_of armenia un );; line 5691 (wfb::member_of armenia unctad );; line 5691 (wfb::member_of armenia unesco );; line 5691 (wfb::member_of armenia unido );; line 5691 (wfb::member_of armenia upu );; line 5691 (wfb::member_of armenia who );; line 5691 (wfb::member_of armenia wipo );; line 5691 (wfb::member_of armenia wmo );; line 5691 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us armenia chief_of_mission "Ambassador Ruben SHUGARIAN" );; line 5698 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us armenia chancery "Suite 210, 1660 L Street NW, Washington, DC 20036" );; line 5700 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us armenia telephone "[1] (202) 628-5766" );; line 5702 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us armenia fax "[1] (202) 628-5769" );; line 5704 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation armenia chief_of_mission "Ambassador Harry J. GILMORE" );; line 5709 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation armenia embassy "18 Gen Bagramian, Yerevan" );; line 5711 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation armenia mailing_address "use embassy street address" );; line 5713 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation armenia telephone "[7] (8852) 151-144, 524-661" );; line 5715 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation armenia fax "[7] (8852) 151-138" );; line 5717 (wfb::flag armenia "three equal horizontal bands of red (top), blue, and gold" );; line 5721 (wfb::overview armenia "Under the old Soviet central planning system, Armenia had developed a more modern industrial sector, supplying machine building equipment, textiles, and other manufactured goods to sister republics in exchange for raw materials and energy resources. Armenia is a large food importer and its mineral deposits (gold, bauxite) are small. The economic decline in recent years (1991-94) has been particularly severe due to the ongoing conflict over the ethnic Armenian-dominated region of Nagorno-Karabakh in Azerbaijan. Azerbaijan and Turkey have blockaded pipeline and railroad traffic to Armenia for its support of the Karabakh Armenians. This has left Armenia with chronic energy shortages because of a lack of capacity and frequent disruptions of natural gas deliveries through unstable Georgia, as well as difficulties in obtaining other types of fuel. In addition, bread is strictly rationed and there are shortages of other goods. In 1994, the economy seemed to bottom out. The government has managed to increase its financial and budgetary discipline, bringing inflation down from around 40% per month in first half 1994 to single digits in second half 1994 and the first quarter of 1995. A full economic recovery cannot be expected until the conflict is settled and the blockade lifted." );; line 5726 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate armenia date_1994 );; line 5752 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate armenia (* -2 %) );; line 5752 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita armenia date_1994 );; line 5756 (wfb::national_product_per_capita armenia (* 2290 $) );; line 5756 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| armenia "27% per month average (1994 est.)" );; line 5760 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate armenia date_1994 );; line 5764 (wfb::budget armenia revenues (* n/a $) );; line 5770 (wfb::budget armenia expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 5772 (wfb::budget armenia capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 5772 (wfb::exports armenia (* 43e6 $) );; line 5776 (wfb::exports armenia commodities gold_and_jewelry n/a );; line 5778 (wfb::exports armenia commodities aluminum n/a );; line 5778 (wfb::exports armenia commodities transport_equipment n/a );; line 5778 (wfb::exports armenia commodities electrical_equipment n/a );; line 5778 (wfb::exports armenia partners iran n/a );; line 5781 (wfb::exports armenia partners russia n/a );; line 5781 (wfb::exports armenia partners turkmenistan n/a );; line 5781 (wfb::exports armenia partners georgia n/a );; line 5781 (wfb::imports armenia (* 120e6 $) );; line 5785 (wfb::imports armenia commodities grain n/a );; line 5787 (wfb::imports armenia commodities fuel n/a );; line 5787 (wfb::imports armenia partners iran n/a );; line 5789 (wfb::imports armenia partners russia n/a );; line 5789 (wfb::imports armenia partners turkmenistan n/a );; line 5789 (wfb::imports armenia partners georgia n/a );; line 5789 (wfb::imports armenia partners us n/a );; line 5789 (wfb::imports armenia partners eu n/a );; line 5789 (wfb::external_debt armenia (* n/a $) );; line 5793 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 5797 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production armenia date_1994 );; line 5797 (wfb::industrial_production armenia growth_rate (* 7 %) );; line 5797 (wfb::industrial_production armenia accounts_for (* 41 %_of_gdp) );; line 5797 (wfb::electricity armenia capacity (* 4620000 kw) );; line 5802 (wfb::electricity armenia production (* 5.7e9 kwh) );; line 5804 (wfb::measurement-date electricity armenia consumption_per_capita date_1994 );; line 5806 (wfb::electricity armenia consumption_per_capita (* 1620 kwh) );; line 5806 (wfb::industry armenia traditionally_diverse );; line 5810 (wfb::industry armenia |including (as a percent of output of former USSR) metalcutting machine tools (5.5%)| );; line 5810 (wfb::industry armenia |forging-pressing machines (1.9%)| );; line 5810 (wfb::industry armenia |electric motors (9%)| );; line 5810 (wfb::industry armenia |tires (1.5%)| );; line 5810 (wfb::industry armenia |knitted wear (4.4%)| );; line 5810 (wfb::industry armenia |hosiery (3.0%)| );; line 5810 (wfb::industry armenia |shoes (2.2%)| );; line 5810 (wfb::industry armenia |silk fabric (0.8%)| );; line 5810 (wfb::industry armenia |washing machines (2.0%)| );; line 5810 (wfb::industry armenia chemicals );; line 5810 (wfb::industry armenia trucks );; line 5810 (wfb::industry armenia watches );; line 5810 (wfb::industry armenia instruments );; line 5810 (wfb::industry armenia |microelectronics (1990)| );; line 5810 (wfb::industry armenia currently );; line 5810 (wfb::industry armenia much_of_industry_is_shut_down );; line 5810 (wfb::agriculture armenia "only 17% of land area is arable; employs 31% of labor force as residents increasingly turn to subsistence agriculture; fruits (especially grapes) and vegetable farming, minor livestock sector; vineyards near Yerevan are famous for brandy and other liqueurs" );; line 5819 (wfb::illicit_drugs armenia "illicit cultivator of cannabis mostly for domestic consumption; used as a transshipment point for illicit drugs to Western Europe" );; line 5826 (wfb::economic_aid armenia recipient "considerable humanitarian aid, mostly food and energy products, from US and EU; Russia granted 60 billion rubles in technical credits in late 1994 and approved a 110 billion ruble credit almost half of which was to go toward the restart of the Metsamor nuclear power plant" );; line 5832 (wfb::comment currency armenia "introduced new currency in November 1993" );; line 5839 (wfb::abbreviation dram "n/a" );; line 5839 (wfb::currency armenia dram 100 |luma (introduced new currency in November 1993)| );; line 5839 (wfb::exchange_rates armenia "dram per US$1 - 406 (end December 1994)" );; line 5843 (wfb::fiscal_year armenia date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 5847 (wfb::railroads armenia total "840 km in common carrier service; does not include industrial lines" );; line 5853 (wfb::railroads armenia broad_gauge "840 km 1.520-m gauge (1990)" );; line 5856 (wfb::highways armenia total (* 11300 km) );; line 5861 (wfb::highways armenia paved (* 10500 km) );; line 5863 (wfb::measurement-date highways armenia date_1990 );; line 5865 (wfb::comment highways armenia unpaved "1990" );; line 5865 (wfb::measurement-date highways armenia unpaved earth date_1990 );; line 5865 (wfb::highways armenia earth (* 800 km) );; line 5865 (wfb::inland_waterways armenia "NA km" );; line 5869 (wfb::measurement-date pipelines date_1991 );; line 5873 (wfb::comment pipelines armenia "1991" );; line 5873 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 900 km) );; line 5873 (wfb::airports armenia total 11 );; line 5882 (wfb::airports armenia |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 2 );; line 5884 (wfb::airports armenia |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 1 );; line 5886 (wfb::airports armenia |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 2 );; line 5888 (wfb::airports armenia |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 2 );; line 5890 (wfb::airports armenia |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 3 );; line 5892 (wfb::airports armenia with_unpaved_runways_under_914_m 1 );; line 5894 (wfb::telephone_system armenia "about 650,000 telephones; 177 telephones/1,000 persons; progress on installation of fiber optic cable and construction of facilities for mobile cellular phone service remains in the negotiation phase for joint venture agreement" );; line 5899 (wfb::telephone_system armenia local "NA" );; line 5904 (wfb::telephone_system armenia intercity "NA" );; line 5906 (wfb::telephone_system armenia international "international connections to other former republics of the USSR are by landline or microwave and to other countries by satellite and by leased connection through the Moscow international gateway switch; 1 INTELSAT satellite link" );; line 5908 (wfb::radio armenia radios n/a );; line 5918 (wfb::television armenia televisions n/a );; line 5926 (wfb::defense_branch armenia army_armenia );; line 5932 (wfb::defense_branch armenia air_and_air_defense_forces_armenia );; line 5932 (wfb::defense_branch armenia national_guard_armenia );; line 5932 (wfb::comment defense_branch armenia security_forces_armenia "internal and border troops" );; line 5932 (wfb::defense_branch armenia security_forces_armenia );; line 5932 (wfb::manpower_availability armenia "males age 15-49 877,414; males fit for military service 699,167; males reach military age (18) annually 28,634 (1995 est.)" );; line 5937 (wfb::markup-parameter figure aruba "graphno=\"aa.tif\"" );; line 5950 (wfb::header aruba "(part of the Dutch realm)" );; line 5950 (wfb::location aruba "Caribbean, island in the Caribbean Sea, north of Venezuela" );; line 5954 (wfb::map_references aruba "Central America and the Caribbean" );; line 5958 (wfb::area aruba total_area (* 193 sq_km) );; line 5963 (wfb::area aruba land_area (* 193 sq_km) );; line 5965 (wfb::area aruba comparative_area "slightly larger than Washington, DC" );; line 5967 (wfb::coastline aruba (* 68.5 km) );; line 5975 (wfb::maritime_claims aruba territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 5980 (wfb::international_disputes aruba "none" );; line 5984 (wfb::climate aruba "tropical marine" );; line 5988 (wfb::climate aruba "little seasonal temperature variation" );; line 5988 (wfb::terrain aruba "flat with a few hills" );; line 5992 (wfb::terrain aruba "scant vegetation" );; line 5992 (wfb::natural-resource aruba negligible );; line 5996 (wfb::natural-resource aruba white_sandy_beaches );; line 5996 (wfb::land_use aruba arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 6001 (wfb::land_use aruba permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 6003 (wfb::land_use aruba meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 6005 (wfb::land_use aruba forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 6007 (wfb::land_use aruba other (* 100 %) );; line 6009 (wfb::irrigated_land aruba (* n/a sq_km) );; line 6013 (wfb::environment aruba current_issues "NA" );; line 6018 (wfb::environment aruba natural_hazards "lies outside the Caribbean hurricane belt" );; line 6020 (wfb::environment aruba international_agreements "NA" );; line 6022 (wfb::estimation-date population aruba date_jul_1995 );; line 6028 (wfb::population aruba 65974 );; line 6028 (wfb::age_structure aruba 0-14_years (* 23 %) );; line 6033 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex aruba 0-14_years female 7377 );; line 6033 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex aruba 0-14_years male 7726 );; line 6033 (wfb::age_structure aruba 15-64_years (* 69 %) );; line 6035 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex aruba 15-64_years female 24269 );; line 6035 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex aruba 15-64_years male 21141 );; line 6035 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure aruba 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 6037 (wfb::age_structure aruba 65_years_and_over (* 8 %) );; line 6037 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex aruba 65_years_and_over female 3223 );; line 6037 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex aruba 65_years_and_over male 2238 );; line 6037 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate aruba date_1995 );; line 6041 (wfb::population_growth_rate aruba (* 0.65 %) );; line 6041 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate aruba date_1995 );; line 6045 (wfb::birth_rate aruba (* 14.6 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 6045 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate aruba date_1995 );; line 6049 (wfb::death_rate aruba (* 6.17 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 6049 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate aruba date_1995 );; line 6053 (wfb::net_migration_rate aruba (* -1.91 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 6053 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate aruba date_1995 );; line 6057 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate aruba (* 8.3 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 6057 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth aruba total_population (* 76.56 years) );; line 6062 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth aruba male (* 72.89 years) );; line 6064 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth aruba female date_1995 );; line 6066 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth aruba female (* 80.42 years) );; line 6066 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate aruba date_1995 );; line 6070 (wfb::total_fertility_rate aruba (* 1.82 children_born/woman) );; line 6070 (wfb::nationality aruba noun "Aruban(s)" );; line 6075 (wfb::nationality aruba adjective "Aruban" );; line 6077 (wfb::ethnic-entity aruba mixed_european/caribbean_indian (* 80 %) );; line 6081 (wfb::religion aruba roman_catholic (* 82 %) );; line 6085 (wfb::religion aruba protestant (* 8 %) );; line 6085 (wfb::religion aruba hindu n/a );; line 6085 (wfb::religion aruba muslim n/a );; line 6085 (wfb::religion aruba confucian n/a );; line 6085 (wfb::religion aruba jewish n/a );; line 6085 (wfb::language aruba dutch n/a );; line 6090 (wfb::comment language aruba dutch "official" );; line 6090 (wfb::language aruba papiamento n/a );; line 6090 (wfb::comment language aruba papiamento "a Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, English dialect" );; line 6090 (wfb::language aruba english n/a );; line 6090 (wfb::comment language aruba english "widely spoken" );; line 6090 (wfb::language aruba spanish-language-group n/a );; line 6090 (wfb::literacy-condition aruba "NA%" );; line 6095 (wfb::total_labor_force aruba n/a );; line 6099 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force aruba by_occupation date_1995 );; line 6101 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1995 );; line 6101 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation aruba most_employment_is_in_the_tourist_industry n/a );; line 6101 (wfb::names aruba conventional_short_form "Aruba" );; line 6109 (wfb::digraph aruba "AA" );; line 6113 (wfb::type aruba "part of the Dutch realm; full autonomy in internal affairs obtained in 1986 upon separation from the Netherlands Antilles" );; line 6117 (wfb::capital aruba oranjestad-aruba );; line 6122 (wfb::comment independence aruba "part of the Dutch realm; in 1990, Aruba requested and received from the Netherlands cancellation of the agreement to automatically give independence to the island in 1996" );; line 6130 (wfb::national_holiday aruba "Flag Day" date_18_mar );; line 6136 (wfb::constitution aruba "1 January 1986" );; line 6140 (wfb::legal_system aruba "based on Dutch civil law system, with some English common law influence" );; line 6144 (wfb::comment suffrage aruba " universal" );; line 6149 (wfb::suffrage aruba (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 6149 (wfb::executive_branch aruba head_of_government "Prime Minister Jan (Henny) H. EMAN " date_29_jul_1994 );; line 6157 (wfb::comment executive_branch aruba cabinet "appointed with the advice and approval of the legislature" );; line 6159 (wfb::executive_branch aruba cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 6159 (wfb::legislative_structure aruba unicameral n/a );; line 6164 (wfb::legislative_branch aruba "Legislature (Staten)" "elections last held 29 July 1994 (next to be held by NA July 1998); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (21 total) AVP 10, MEP 9, OLA 2" );; line 6166 (wfb::judicial_branch aruba "Joint High Court of Justice" );; line 6172 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders aruba "Electoral Movement Party (MEP), Nelson ODUBER; Aruban People's Party (AVP), Jan (Henny) H. EMAN; National Democratic Action (ADN), Pedro Charro KELLY; New Patriotic Party (PPN), Eddy WERLEMEN; Aruban Patriotic Party (PPA), Benny NISBET; Aruban Democratic Party (PDA), Leo BERLINSKI; Democratic Action '86 (AD '86), Arturo ODUBER; Organization for Aruban Liberty (OLA), Glenbert CROES" );; line 6176 (wfb::comment political_parties_and_leaders aruba "governing coalition includes the MEP, PPA, and ADN" );; line 6183 (wfb::member_of aruba eclac );; line 6187 (wfb::comment member_of aruba eclac "associate" );; line 6187 (wfb::member_of aruba interpol );; line 6187 (wfb::member_of aruba ioc );; line 6187 (wfb::member_of aruba unesco );; line 6187 (wfb::comment member_of aruba unesco "associate" );; line 6187 (wfb::member_of aruba wcl );; line 6187 (wfb::member_of aruba wto );; line 6187 (wfb::comment member_of aruba wto "associate" );; line 6187 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us aruba "none (self-governing part of the Netherlands)" );; line 6192 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation aruba "none (self-governing part of the Netherlands)" );; line 6196 (wfb::flag aruba "blue with two narrow horizontal yellow stripes across the lower portion and a red, four-pointed star outlined in white in the upper hoist-side corner" );; line 6200 (wfb::overview aruba "Tourism is the mainstay of the Aruban economy, although offshore banking and oil refining and storage are also important. The rapid growth of the tourism sector over the last decade has resulted in a substantial expansion of other activities. Construction has boomed, with hotel capacity five times the 1985 level. Additionally, the reopening of the country's oil refinery in 1993, a major source of employment and foreign exchange earnings, has further spurred growth. Aruba's small labor force and less than 1% unemployment rate have led to a large number of unfilled job vacancies despite sharp rises in wage rates in recent years." );; line 6207 (wfb::estimation-date national_product aruba date_1993 );; line 6219 (wfb::national_product aruba (* 1.1e9 $) );; line 6219 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate aruba date_1993 );; line 6223 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate aruba (* 5 %) );; line 6223 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita aruba date_1993 );; line 6227 (wfb::national_product_per_capita aruba (* 17000 $) );; line 6227 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| aruba "7% (1994 est.)" );; line 6231 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate aruba date_1992 );; line 6235 (wfb::unemployment_rate aruba (* 0.6 %) );; line 6235 (wfb::budget aruba revenues (* 145e6 $) );; line 6240 (wfb::measurement-date budget aruba date_1988 );; line 6242 (wfb::budget aruba expenditures (* 185e6 $) );; line 6242 (wfb::budget aruba capital_expenditures (* 42e6 $) );; line 6242 (wfb::exports aruba (* 1.3e9 $) );; line 6247 (wfb::exports aruba partners us (* 64 %) );; line 6251 (wfb::exports aruba partners ec n/a );; line 6251 (wfb::imports aruba (* 1.6e9 $) );; line 6255 (wfb::imports aruba commodities food n/a );; line 6257 (wfb::imports aruba commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 6257 (wfb::imports aruba commodities manufactures n/a );; line 6257 (wfb::imports aruba commodities petroleum_products-commodity n/a );; line 6257 (wfb::imports aruba commodities crude_oil_for_refining_and_re-export n/a );; line 6257 (wfb::imports aruba partners us (* 8 %) );; line 6260 (wfb::imports aruba partners ec n/a );; line 6260 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt aruba date_1987 );; line 6264 (wfb::external_debt aruba (* 81e6 $) );; line 6264 (wfb::industrial_production aruba growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 6268 (wfb::electricity aruba capacity (* 90000 kw) );; line 6273 (wfb::electricity aruba production (* 330e6 kwh) );; line 6275 (wfb::measurement-date electricity aruba consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 6277 (wfb::electricity aruba consumption_per_capita (* 4761 kwh) );; line 6277 (wfb::industry aruba tourism );; line 6281 (wfb::industry aruba transshipment_facilities );; line 6281 (wfb::industry aruba oil_refining );; line 6281 (wfb::agriculture aruba "poor quality soils and low rainfall limit agricultural activity to the cultivation of aloes, some livestock, and fishing" );; line 6285 (wfb::illicit_drugs aruba "drug money laundering center and transit point for narcotics bound for the US and Europe" );; line 6290 (wfb::economic_aid aruba recipient "Western (non-US) countries ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1980-89), $220 million" );; line 6296 (wfb::abbreviation aruban_florin "Af." );; line 6301 (wfb::currency aruba aruban_florin 100 cents );; line 6301 (wfb::exchange_rates aruba "Aruban florins (Af.) per US$1 - 1.7900 (fixed rate since 1986)" );; line 6305 (wfb::fiscal_year aruba date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 6309 (wfb::railroads aruba "0 km" );; line 6314 (wfb::port aruba barcadera-aruba );; line 6327 (wfb::port aruba oranjestad-aruba );; line 6327 (wfb::port aruba sint_nicolaas-aruba );; line 6327 (wfb::merchant_marine aruba "none" );; line 6331 (wfb::airports aruba total 2 );; line 6336 (wfb::airports aruba |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 6338 (wfb::airports aruba |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 6340 (wfb::comment airports aruba "government-owned airport east of Oranjestad accepts transatlantic flights" );; line 6342 (wfb::telephone_system aruba "72,168 telephones; 1,100 telephones/1,000 persons; more than adequate" );; line 6348 (wfb::telephone_system aruba local "NA" );; line 6351 (wfb::telephone_system aruba intercity "extensive interisland microwave radio relay links" );; line 6353 (wfb::telephone_system aruba international "1 submarine cable to Sint Maarten" );; line 6355 (wfb::radio aruba broadcast_stations am 4 );; line 6360 (wfb::radio aruba broadcast_stations fm 4 );; line 6360 (wfb::radio aruba broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 6360 (wfb::radio aruba radios n/a );; line 6362 (wfb::television aruba broadcast_stations 1 );; line 6367 (wfb::television aruba televisions n/a );; line 6369 (wfb::note aruba "defense is the responsibility of the Netherlands" );; line 6375 (wfb::markup-parameter figure ashmore_and_cartier_islands "graphno=\"at.tif\"" );; line 6381 (wfb::header ashmore_and_cartier_islands "(territory of Australia)" );; line 6381 (wfb::location ashmore_and_cartier_islands "Southeastern Asia, islands in the Indian Ocean, northwest of Australia" );; line 6385 (wfb::map_references ashmore_and_cartier_islands "Southeast Asia" );; line 6390 (wfb::area ashmore_and_cartier_islands total_area (* 5 sq_km) );; line 6395 (wfb::area ashmore_and_cartier_islands land_area (* 5 sq_km) );; line 6397 (wfb::area ashmore_and_cartier_islands comparative_area "about 8.5 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC" );; line 6399 (wfb::comment area ashmore_and_cartier_islands "includes Ashmore Reef (West, Middle, and East Islets) and Cartier Island" );; line 6401 (wfb::coastline ashmore_and_cartier_islands (* 74.1 km) );; line 6410 (wfb::maritime_claims ashmore_and_cartier_islands contiguous_zone (* 12 nm) );; line 6415 (wfb::maritime_claims ashmore_and_cartier_islands exclusive_fishing_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 6419 (wfb::maritime_claims ashmore_and_cartier_islands territorial_sea (* 3 nm) );; line 6421 (wfb::international_disputes ashmore_and_cartier_islands "none" );; line 6425 (wfb::climate ashmore_and_cartier_islands "tropical" );; line 6429 (wfb::terrain ashmore_and_cartier_islands "low with sand and coral" );; line 6433 (wfb::natural-resource ashmore_and_cartier_islands fish );; line 6437 (wfb::land_use ashmore_and_cartier_islands arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 6442 (wfb::land_use ashmore_and_cartier_islands permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 6444 (wfb::land_use ashmore_and_cartier_islands meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 6446 (wfb::land_use ashmore_and_cartier_islands forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 6448 (wfb::comment land_use ashmore_and_cartier_islands other "all grass and sand" );; line 6450 (wfb::land_use ashmore_and_cartier_islands other (* 100 %) );; line 6450 (wfb::irrigated_land ashmore_and_cartier_islands (* 0 sq_km) );; line 6454 (wfb::environment ashmore_and_cartier_islands current_issues "NA" );; line 6459 (wfb::environment ashmore_and_cartier_islands natural_hazards "surrounded by shoals and reefs which can pose maritime hazards" );; line 6461 (wfb::environment ashmore_and_cartier_islands international_agreements "NA" );; line 6463 (wfb::note ashmore_and_cartier_islands "Ashmore Reef National Nature Reserve established in August 1983" );; line 6467 (wfb::names ashmore_and_cartier_islands conventional_long_form "Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands" );; line 6480 (wfb::names ashmore_and_cartier_islands conventional_short_form "Ashmore and Cartier Islands" );; line 6482 (wfb::digraph ashmore_and_cartier_islands "AT" );; line 6486 (wfb::type ashmore_and_cartier_islands "territory of Australia administered by the Australian Ministry for the Environment, Sport, and Territories" );; line 6490 (wfb::comment independence ashmore_and_cartier_islands "territory of Australia" );; line 6503 (wfb::legal_system ashmore_and_cartier_islands "relevant laws of the Northern Territory of Australia" );; line 6507 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us ashmore_and_cartier_islands "none (territory of Australia)" );; line 6511 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation ashmore_and_cartier_islands "none (territory of Australia)" );; line 6515 (wfb::overview ashmore_and_cartier_islands "no economic activity" );; line 6520 (wfb::note ashmore_and_cartier_islands "defense is the responsibility of Australia; periodic visits by the Royal Australian Navy and Royal Australian Air Force" );; line 6535 (wfb::markup-parameter figure atlantic_ocean "graphno=\"zh.tif\"" );; line 6542 (wfb::location atlantic_ocean "body of water between Africa, Antarctica, and the Western Hemisphere" );; line 6546 (wfb::map_references atlantic_ocean "World" );; line 6551 (wfb::area atlantic_ocean total_area (* 82.217e6 sq_km) );; line 6556 (wfb::comment area atlantic_ocean comparative_area "after the Pacific Ocean, but larger than Indian Ocean or Arctic Ocean" );; line 6558 (wfb::area atlantic_ocean comparative_area "slightly less than nine times the size of the US; second-largest of the world's four oceans (after the Pacific Ocean, but larger than Indian Ocean or Arctic Ocean)" );; line 6558 (wfb::comment area atlantic_ocean "includes Baltic Sea, Black Sea, Caribbean Sea, Davis Strait, Denmark Strait, Drake Passage, Gulf of Mexico, Mediterranean Sea, North Sea, Norwegian Sea, Scotia Sea, Weddell Sea, and other tributary water bodies" );; line 6562 (wfb::coastline atlantic_ocean (* 111866 km) );; line 6568 (wfb::international_disputes atlantic_ocean "some maritime disputes (see littoral states)" );; line 6572 (wfb::climate atlantic_ocean "tropical cyclones (hurricanes) develop off the coast of Africa near Cape Verde and move westward into the Caribbean Sea" );; line 6576 (wfb::climate atlantic_ocean "hurricanes can occur from May to December, but are most frequent from August to November" );; line 6576 (wfb::terrain atlantic_ocean "surface usually covered with sea ice in Labrador Sea, Denmark Strait, and Baltic Sea from October to June" );; line 6582 (wfb::terrain atlantic_ocean "clockwise warm water gyre (broad, circular system of currents) in the northern Atlantic, counterclockwise warm water gyre in the southern Atlantic" );; line 6582 (wfb::terrain atlantic_ocean "the ocean floor is dominated by the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, a rugged north-south centerline for the entire Atlantic basin" );; line 6582 (wfb::terrain atlantic_ocean "maximum depth is 8,605 meters in the Puerto Rico Trench" );; line 6582 (wfb::natural-resource atlantic_ocean oil_and_gas_fields );; line 6591 (wfb::natural-resource atlantic_ocean fish );; line 6591 (wfb::natural-resource atlantic_ocean |marine mammals (seals and whales)| );; line 6591 (wfb::natural-resource atlantic_ocean sand_and_gravel_aggregates );; line 6591 (wfb::natural-resource atlantic_ocean placer_deposits );; line 6591 (wfb::natural-resource atlantic_ocean polymetallic_nodules );; line 6591 (wfb::natural-resource atlantic_ocean precious_stones );; line 6591 (wfb::environment atlantic_ocean current_issues "endangered marine species include the manatee, seals, sea lions, turtles, and whales" );; line 6598 (wfb::environment atlantic_ocean current_issues "driftnet fishing is exacerbating declining fish stocks and contributing to international disputes" );; line 6598 (wfb::environment atlantic_ocean current_issues "municipal sludge pollution off eastern US, southern Brazil, and eastern Argentina" );; line 6598 (wfb::environment atlantic_ocean current_issues "oil pollution in Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico, Lake Maracaibo, Mediterranean Sea, and North Sea" );; line 6598 (wfb::environment atlantic_ocean current_issues "industrial waste and municipal sewage pollution in Baltic Sea, North Sea, and Mediterranean Sea" );; line 6598 (wfb::environment atlantic_ocean natural_hazards "icebergs common in Davis Strait, Denmark Strait, and the northwestern Atlantic Ocean from February to August and have been spotted as far south as Bermuda and the Madeira Islands" );; line 6605 (wfb::environment atlantic_ocean natural_hazards "icebergs from Antarctica occur in the extreme southern Atlantic Ocean" );; line 6605 (wfb::environment atlantic_ocean natural_hazards "ships subject to superstructure icing in extreme northern Atlantic from October to May and extreme southern Atlantic from May to October" );; line 6605 (wfb::environment atlantic_ocean natural_hazards "persistent fog can be a maritime hazard from May to September" );; line 6605 (wfb::environment atlantic_ocean international_agreements "NA" );; line 6613 (wfb::note atlantic_ocean "major choke points include the Dardanelles, Strait of Gibraltar, access to the Panama and Suez Canals; strategic straits include the Strait of Dover, Straits of Florida, Mona Passage, The Sound (Oresund), and Windward Passage; the Equator divides the Atlantic Ocean into the North Atlantic Ocean and South Atlantic Ocean" );; line 6617 (wfb::digraph atlantic_ocean "ZH" );; line 6631 (wfb::overview atlantic_ocean "The Atlantic Ocean provides some of the world's most heavily trafficked sea routes, between and within the Eastern and Western Hemispheres. Other economic activity includes the exploitation of natural resources, e.g., fishing, the dredging of aragonite sands (The Bahamas), and production of crude oil and natural gas (Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico, and North Sea)." );; line 6636 (wfb::port-on-shore atlantic_ocean "Alexandria" "Egypt" );; line 6646 (wfb::port-on-shore atlantic_ocean "Algiers" "Algeria" );; line 6646 (wfb::port-on-shore atlantic_ocean "Antwerp" "Belgium" );; line 6646 (wfb::port-on-shore atlantic_ocean "Barcelona" "Spain" );; line 6646 (wfb::port-on-shore atlantic_ocean "Buenos Aires" "Argentina" );; line 6646 (wfb::port-on-shore atlantic_ocean "Casablanca" "Morocco" );; line 6646 (wfb::port-on-shore atlantic_ocean "Colon" "Panama" );; line 6646 (wfb::port-on-shore atlantic_ocean "Copenhagen" "Denmark" );; line 6646 (wfb::port-on-shore atlantic_ocean "Dakar" "Senegal" );; line 6646 (wfb::port-on-shore atlantic_ocean "Gdansk" "Poland" );; line 6646 (wfb::port-on-shore atlantic_ocean "Hamburg" "Germany" );; line 6646 (wfb::port-on-shore atlantic_ocean "Helsinki" "Finland" );; line 6646 (wfb::port-on-shore atlantic_ocean "Las Palmas" "Canary Islands, Spain" );; line 6646 (wfb::port-on-shore atlantic_ocean "Le Havre" "France" );; line 6646 (wfb::port-on-shore atlantic_ocean "Lisbon" "Portugal" );; line 6646 (wfb::port-on-shore atlantic_ocean "London" "UK" );; line 6646 (wfb::port-on-shore atlantic_ocean "Marseille" "France" );; line 6646 (wfb::port-on-shore atlantic_ocean "Montevideo" "Uruguay" );; line 6646 (wfb::port-on-shore atlantic_ocean "Montreal" "Canada" );; line 6646 (wfb::port-on-shore atlantic_ocean "Naples" "Italy" );; line 6646 (wfb::port-on-shore atlantic_ocean "New Orleans" "US" );; line 6646 (wfb::port-on-shore atlantic_ocean "New York" "US" );; line 6646 (wfb::port-on-shore atlantic_ocean "Oran" "Algeria" );; line 6646 (wfb::port-on-shore atlantic_ocean "Oslo" "Norway" );; line 6646 (wfb::port-on-shore atlantic_ocean "Piraeus" "Greece" );; line 6646 (wfb::port-on-shore atlantic_ocean "Rio de Janeiro" "Brazil" );; line 6646 (wfb::port-on-shore atlantic_ocean "Rotterdam" "Netherlands" );; line 6646 (wfb::port-on-shore atlantic_ocean "Saint Petersburg" "Russia" );; line 6646 (wfb::port-on-shore atlantic_ocean "Stockholm" "Sweden" );; line 6646 (wfb::note atlantic_ocean "Kiel Canal and Saint Lawrence Seaway are two important waterways" );; line 6657 (wfb::telephone_system atlantic_ocean international "numerous submarine cables with most between continental Europe and the UK, North America and the UK, and in the Mediterranean; numerous direct links across Atlantic via INTELSAT satellite network" );; line 6663 (wfb::markup-parameter figure australia "graphno=\"as.tif\"" );; line 6676 (wfb::location australia "Oceania, continent between the Indian Ocean and the South Pacific Ocean" );; line 6680 (wfb::map_references australia "Oceania" );; line 6685 (wfb::area australia total_area (* 7686850 sq_km) );; line 6690 (wfb::area australia land_area (* 7617930 sq_km) );; line 6692 (wfb::area australia comparative_area "slightly smaller than the US" );; line 6694 (wfb::comment area australia "includes Macquarie Island" );; line 6696 (wfb::coastline australia (* 25760 km) );; line 6704 (wfb::maritime_claims australia contiguous_zone (* 24 nm) );; line 6709 (wfb::maritime_claims australia exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 6713 (wfb::maritime_claims australia territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 6715 (wfb::international_disputes australia "territorial claim in Antarctica (Australian Antarctic Territory)" );; line 6719 (wfb::climate australia "generally arid to semiarid" );; line 6723 (wfb::climate australia "temperate in south and east" );; line 6723 (wfb::climate australia "tropical in north" );; line 6723 (wfb::terrain australia "mostly low plateau with deserts" );; line 6728 (wfb::terrain australia "fertile plain in southeast" );; line 6728 (wfb::natural-resource australia bauxite );; line 6732 (wfb::natural-resource australia coal );; line 6732 (wfb::natural-resource australia iron_ore );; line 6732 (wfb::natural-resource australia copper );; line 6732 (wfb::natural-resource australia tin );; line 6732 (wfb::natural-resource australia silver );; line 6732 (wfb::natural-resource australia uranium );; line 6732 (wfb::natural-resource australia nickel );; line 6732 (wfb::natural-resource australia tungsten );; line 6732 (wfb::natural-resource australia mineral_sands );; line 6732 (wfb::natural-resource australia lead );; line 6732 (wfb::natural-resource australia zinc );; line 6732 (wfb::natural-resource australia diamonds );; line 6732 (wfb::natural-resource australia natural_gas );; line 6732 (wfb::natural-resource australia petroleum );; line 6732 (wfb::land_use australia arable_land (* 6 %) );; line 6738 (wfb::land_use australia permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 6740 (wfb::land_use australia meadows_and_pastures (* 58 %) );; line 6742 (wfb::land_use australia forest_and_woodland (* 14 %) );; line 6744 (wfb::land_use australia other (* 22 %) );; line 6746 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land australia date_1989 );; line 6750 (wfb::irrigated_land australia (* 18800 sq_km) );; line 6750 (wfb::environment australia current_issues "soil erosion from overgrazing, industrial development, urbanization, and poor farming practices" );; line 6755 (wfb::environment australia current_issues "soil salinity rising due to the use of poor quality water" );; line 6755 (wfb::environment australia current_issues "desertification" );; line 6755 (wfb::environment australia current_issues "clearing for agricultural purposes threatens the natural habitat of many unique animal and plant species" );; line 6755 (wfb::environment australia current_issues "the Great Barrier Reef off the northeast coast, the largest coral reef in the world, is threatened by increased shipping and its popularity as a tourist site" );; line 6755 (wfb::environment australia current_issues "limited natural fresh water resources" );; line 6755 (wfb::environment australia natural_hazards "cyclones along the coast" );; line 6763 (wfb::environment australia natural_hazards "severe droughts" );; line 6763 (wfb::environment australia international_agreements "party to - Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands, Whaling" );; line 6765 (wfb::environment australia international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Desertification" );; line 6765 (wfb::note australia "world's smallest continent but sixth-largest country; population concentrated along the eastern and southeastern coasts; regular, tropical, invigorating, sea breeze known as \"the Doctor\" occurs along the west coast in the summer" );; line 6773 (wfb::estimation-date population australia date_jul_1995 );; line 6782 (wfb::population australia 18322231 );; line 6782 (wfb::age_structure australia 0-14_years (* 22 %) );; line 6787 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex australia 0-14_years female 1929366 );; line 6787 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex australia 0-14_years male 2032238 );; line 6787 (wfb::age_structure australia 15-64_years (* 67 %) );; line 6789 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex australia 15-64_years female 6017362 );; line 6789 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex australia 15-64_years male 6181887 );; line 6789 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure australia 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 6791 (wfb::age_structure australia 65_years_and_over (* 11 %) );; line 6791 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex australia 65_years_and_over female 1227004 );; line 6791 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex australia 65_years_and_over male 934374 );; line 6791 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate australia date_1995 );; line 6795 (wfb::population_growth_rate australia (* 1.31 %) );; line 6795 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate australia date_1995 );; line 6799 (wfb::birth_rate australia (* 14.13 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 6799 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate australia date_1995 );; line 6803 (wfb::death_rate australia (* 7.37 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 6803 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate australia date_1995 );; line 6807 (wfb::net_migration_rate australia (* 6.33 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 6807 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate australia date_1995 );; line 6811 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate australia (* 7.1 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 6811 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth australia total_population (* 77.78 years) );; line 6816 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth australia male (* 74.67 years) );; line 6818 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth australia female date_1995 );; line 6820 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth australia female (* 81.04 years) );; line 6820 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate australia date_1995 );; line 6824 (wfb::total_fertility_rate australia (* 1.82 children_born/woman) );; line 6824 (wfb::nationality australia noun "Australian(s)" );; line 6829 (wfb::nationality australia adjective "Australian" );; line 6831 (wfb::ethnic-entity australia caucasian (* 95 %) );; line 6835 (wfb::ethnic-entity australia asian (* 4 %) );; line 6835 (wfb::ethnic-entity australia aboriginal_and_other (* 1 %) );; line 6835 (wfb::religion australia anglican (* 26.1 %) );; line 6839 (wfb::religion australia roman_catholic (* 26 %) );; line 6839 (wfb::language australia english n/a );; line 6843 (wfb::language australia native_languages n/a );; line 6843 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition australia date_1980 );; line 6847 (wfb::literacy-condition australia "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 6847 (wfb::literacy australia total_population (* 100 %) );; line 6849 (wfb::literacy australia male (* 100 %) );; line 6851 (wfb::literacy australia female (* 100 %) );; line 6853 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force australia date_sep_1991 );; line 6857 (wfb::total_labor_force australia 8.63e6 );; line 6857 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force australia by_occupation date_1987 );; line 6859 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1987 );; line 6859 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation australia finance_and_services (* 33.8 %) );; line 6859 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation australia public_and_community_services (* 22.3 %) );; line 6859 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation australia wholesale_and_retail_trade (* 20.1 %) );; line 6859 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation australia manufacturing_and_industry (* 16.2 %) );; line 6859 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation australia agriculture (* 6.1 %) );; line 6859 (wfb::names australia conventional_long_form "Commonwealth of Australia" );; line 6867 (wfb::names australia conventional_short_form "Australia" );; line 6869 (wfb::digraph australia "AS" );; line 6873 (wfb::type australia "federal parliamentary state" );; line 6877 (wfb::capital australia canberra-australia );; line 6881 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_australia_states "states" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 6885 (wfb::administrative_divisions australia adm_div_australia_states 6 );; line 6885 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_australia_territories "territories" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 6885 (wfb::administrative_divisions australia adm_div_australia_territories 2 );; line 6885 (wfb::administrative_division_of australia adm_div_australia_territories "Australian Capital Territory" );; line 6885 (wfb::administrative_division_of australia adm_div_australia_states "New South Wales" );; line 6885 (wfb::administrative_division_of australia adm_div_australia_territories "Northern Territory" );; line 6885 (wfb::administrative_division_of australia adm_div_australia_states "Queensland" );; line 6885 (wfb::administrative_division_of australia adm_div_australia_states "South Australia" );; line 6885 (wfb::administrative_division_of australia adm_div_australia_states "Tasmania" );; line 6885 (wfb::administrative_division_of australia adm_div_australia_states "Victoria" );; line 6885 (wfb::administrative_division_of australia adm_div_australia_states "Western Australia" );; line 6885 (wfb::dependent_areas australia "Ashmore and Cartier Islands, Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Coral Sea Islands, Heard Island and McDonald Islands, Norfolk Island" );; line 6891 (wfb::comment independence australia "federation of UK colonies" );; line 6896 (wfb::independence australia date_1_jan_1901 "n/a" );; line 6896 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1788 );; line 6900 (wfb::comment national_holiday australia "1788" );; line 6900 (wfb::national_holiday australia "Australia Day" date_26_jan );; line 6900 (wfb::constitution australia "9 July 1900, effective 1 January 1901" );; line 6904 (wfb::legal_system australia "based on English common law; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations" );; line 6908 (wfb::comment suffrage australia " universal and compulsory" );; line 6913 (wfb::suffrage australia (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 6913 (wfb::comment executive_branch australia head_of_government "Deputy Prime Minister Brian HOWE (since 4 June 1991)" );; line 6921 (wfb::executive_branch australia head_of_government "Prime Minister Paul John KEATING " date_20_dec_1991 );; line 6921 (wfb::comment executive_branch australia cabinet "prime minister selects his cabinet from members of the House and Senate" );; line 6924 (wfb::executive_branch australia cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 6924 (wfb::legislative_structure australia bicameral "Federal Parliament" );; line 6929 (wfb::legislative_branch australia "Senate" "elections last held 13 March 1993 (next to be held by NA 1996); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (76 total) Liberal-National 36, Labor 30, Australian Democrats 7, Greens 2, independents 1" );; line 6931 (wfb::legislative_branch australia "House of Representatives" "elections last held 13 March 1993 (next to be held by NA 1996); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (147 total) Labor 80, Liberal-National 65, independent 2" );; line 6935 (wfb::judicial_branch australia "High Court" );; line 6941 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders australia government "Australian Labor Party, Paul John KEATING" );; line 6946 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders australia opposition "Liberal Party, John HOWARD; National Party, Timothy FISCHER; Australian Democratic Party, Cheryl KERNOT; Green Party, leader NA" );; line 6948 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups australia "Australian Democratic Labor Party (anti-Communist Labor Party splinter group); Peace and Nuclear Disarmament Action (Nuclear Disarmament Party splinter group)" );; line 6953 (wfb::member_of australia afdb );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia ag );; line 6959 (wfb::comment member_of australia ag "observer" );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia anzus );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia apec );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia asdb );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia australia_group );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia bis );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia c );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia ccc );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia cp );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia ebrd );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia escap );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia fao );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia g-_8 );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia gatt );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia iaea );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia ibrd );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia icao );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia icc );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia icftu );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia icrm );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia ida );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia iea );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia ifad );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia ifc );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia ifrcs );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia ilo );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia imf );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia imo );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia inmarsat );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia intelsat );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia interpol );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia ioc );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia iom );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia iso );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia itu );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia minurso );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia mtcr );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia nam );; line 6959 (wfb::comment member_of australia nam "guest" );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia nea );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia nsg );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia oecd );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia pca );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia sparteca );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia spc );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia spf );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia un );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia unctad );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia unesco );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia unficyp );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia unhcr );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia unido );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia unosom );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia untso );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia unu );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia upu );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia wftu );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia who );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia wipo );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia wmo );; line 6959 (wfb::member_of australia zc );; line 6959 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us australia chief_of_mission "Ambassador Donald Eric RUSSELL" );; line 6969 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us australia chancery "1601 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036" );; line 6971 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us australia telephone "[1] (202) 797-3000" );; line 6973 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us australia fax "[1] (202) 797-3168" );; line 6975 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us australia |consulate(s) general| "Atlanta, Honolulu, Houston, Los Angeles, New York, Pago Pago (American Samoa), and San Francisco" );; line 6977 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation australia chief_of_mission "Ambassador Edward J. PERKINS" );; line 6983 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation australia embassy "Moonah Place, Yarralumla, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2600" );; line 6985 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation australia mailing_address "APO AP 96549" );; line 6988 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation australia telephone "[61] (6) 270-5000" );; line 6990 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation australia fax "[61] (6) 270-5970" );; line 6992 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation australia |consulate(s) general| "Melbourne, Perth, and Sydney" );; line 6994 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation australia |consulate(s)| "Brisbane" );; line 6996 (wfb::flag australia "blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and a large seven-pointed star in the lower hoist-side quadrant; the remaining half is a representation of the Southern Cross constellation in white with one small five-pointed star and four, larger, seven-pointed stars" );; line 7000 (wfb::overview australia "Australia has a prosperous Western-style capitalist economy, with a per capita GDP comparable to levels in industrialized West European countries. Rich in natural resources, Australia is a major exporter of agricultural products, minerals, metals, and fossil fuels. Primary products account for more than 60% of the value of total exports, so that, as in 1983-84, a downturn in world commodity prices can have a big impact on the economy. The government is pushing for increased exports of manufactured goods, but competition in international markets continues to be severe. Australia has suffered from the low growth and high unemployment characterizing the OECD countries in the early 1990s. In 1992-93 the economy recovered slowly from the prolonged recession of 1990-91, a major restraining factor being weak world demand for Australia's exports. Growth picked up so strongly in 1994 that the government felt the need for fiscal and monetary tightening by yearend. Australia's GDP grew 6.4% in 1994, largely due to increases in industrial output and business investment. A severe drought in 1994 is expected to reduce the value of Australia's net farm production by $825 million in the twelve months through June 1995, but rising world commodity prices are likely to boost rural exports by 7.7% to $14.5 billion in 1995/96, according to government statistics." );; line 7008 (wfb::estimation-date national_product australia date_1994 );; line 7030 (wfb::national_product australia (* 374.6e9 $) );; line 7030 (wfb::measurement-date national_product_real_growth_rate australia date_1994 );; line 7034 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate australia (* 6.4 %) );; line 7034 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita australia date_1994 );; line 7038 (wfb::national_product_per_capita australia (* 20720 $) );; line 7038 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| australia "2.5% (1994)" );; line 7042 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate australia date_dec_1994 );; line 7046 (wfb::unemployment_rate australia (* 8.9 %) );; line 7046 (wfb::budget australia revenues (* 83.8e9 $) );; line 7051 (wfb::for-fiscal-year budget australia 93 );; line 7053 (wfb::budget australia expenditures (* 92.3e9 $) );; line 7053 (wfb::budget australia capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 7053 (wfb::measurement-date exports australia date_1994 );; line 7057 (wfb::exports australia (* 50.4e9 $) );; line 7057 (wfb::exports australia commodities coal-commodity n/a );; line 7059 (wfb::exports australia commodities gold-commodity n/a );; line 7059 (wfb::exports australia commodities meat n/a );; line 7059 (wfb::exports australia commodities wool n/a );; line 7059 (wfb::exports australia commodities alumina-commodity n/a );; line 7059 (wfb::exports australia commodities wheat n/a );; line 7059 (wfb::exports australia commodities machinery_and_transport_equipment n/a );; line 7059 (wfb::measurement-date exports australia date_1992 );; line 7062 (wfb::exports australia partners japan (* 25 %) );; line 7062 (wfb::exports australia partners us (* 11 %) );; line 7062 (wfb::exports australia partners south_korea (* 6 %) );; line 7062 (wfb::exports australia partners nz (* 5.7 %) );; line 7062 (wfb::exports australia partners uk n/a );; line 7062 (wfb::exports australia partners taiwan n/a );; line 7062 (wfb::exports australia partners singapore n/a );; line 7062 (wfb::exports australia partners hong_kong n/a );; line 7062 (wfb::measurement-date imports australia date_1994 );; line 7067 (wfb::imports australia (* 51.1e9 $) );; line 7067 (wfb::imports australia commodities machinery_and_transport_equipment n/a );; line 7069 (wfb::imports australia commodities computers_and_office_machines n/a );; line 7069 (wfb::imports australia commodities crude_oil_and_petroleum_products n/a );; line 7069 (wfb::measurement-date imports australia date_1992 );; line 7072 (wfb::imports australia partners us (* 23 %) );; line 7072 (wfb::imports australia partners japan (* 18 %) );; line 7072 (wfb::imports australia partners uk (* 6 %) );; line 7072 (wfb::imports australia partners germany (* 5.7 %) );; line 7072 (wfb::imports australia partners nz (* 4 %) );; line 7072 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt australia date_1994 );; line 7076 (wfb::external_debt australia (* 147.2e9 $) );; line 7076 (wfb::for-fiscal-year industrial_production 93 );; line 7080 (wfb::for-fiscal-year industrial_production australia 93 );; line 7080 (wfb::industrial_production australia growth_rate (* 3.9 %) );; line 7080 (wfb::industrial_production australia accounts_for (* 32 %_of_gdp) );; line 7080 (wfb::electricity australia capacity (* 34540000 kw) );; line 7085 (wfb::electricity australia production (* 155e9 kwh) );; line 7087 (wfb::measurement-date electricity australia consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 7089 (wfb::electricity australia consumption_per_capita (* 8021 kwh) );; line 7089 (wfb::industry australia mining );; line 7093 (wfb::industry australia industrial_and_transportation_equipment );; line 7093 (wfb::industry australia food_processing );; line 7093 (wfb::industry australia chemicals );; line 7093 (wfb::industry australia steel );; line 7093 (wfb::agriculture australia "accounts for 5% of GDP and over 30% of export revenues; world's largest exporter of beef and wool, second-largest for mutton, and among top wheat exporters; major crops - wheat, barley, sugarcane, fruit; livestock - cattle, sheep, poultry" );; line 7098 (wfb::illicit_drugs australia "Tasmania is one of the world's major suppliers of licit opiate products; government maintains strict controls over areas of opium poppy cultivation and output of poppy straw concentrate" );; line 7105 (wfb::economic_aid australia donor "ODA and OOF commitments (1970-89), $10.4 billion" );; line 7112 (wfb::abbreviation australian_dollar "$A" );; line 7116 (wfb::currency australia australian_dollar 100 cents );; line 7116 (wfb::exchange_rates australia "Australian dollars ($A) per US$1 - 1.3058 (January 1995), 1.3667 (1994), 1.4704 (1993), 1.3600 (1992), 1.2835 (1991), 1.2799 (1990)" );; line 7120 (wfb::fiscal_year australia date_1_jul date_30_jun );; line 7125 (wfb::railroads australia total "40,478 km (1,130 km electrified; 183 km dual gauge)" );; line 7131 (wfb::railroads australia broad_gauge "7,970 km 1.600-m gauge" );; line 7133 (wfb::railroads australia standard_gauge "16,201 km 1.435-m gauge" );; line 7135 (wfb::railroads australia narrow_gauge "16,307 km 1.067-m gauge" );; line 7137 (wfb::highways australia total (* 837872 km) );; line 7142 (wfb::highways australia paved (* 243750 km) );; line 7144 (wfb::highways australia (union gravel crushed_stone stabilized_earth ) (* 228396 km) );; line 7146 (wfb::highways australia unimproved_earth (* 365726 km) );; line 7146 (wfb::inland_waterways australia "8,368 km; mainly by small, shallow-draft craft" );; line 7151 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 2500 km) );; line 7155 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 500 km) );; line 7155 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 5600 km) );; line 7155 (wfb::port australia adelaide-australia );; line 7160 (wfb::port australia brisbane-australia );; line 7160 (wfb::port australia cairns-australia );; line 7160 (wfb::port australia darwin-australia );; line 7160 (wfb::port australia devonport-australia );; line 7160 (wfb::port australia fremantle-australia );; line 7160 (wfb::port australia geelong-australia );; line 7160 (wfb::port australia hobart-australia );; line 7160 (wfb::comment port australia hobart-australia "Tasmania" );; line 7160 (wfb::port australia launceton-australia );; line 7160 (wfb::comment port australia launceton-australia "Tasmania" );; line 7160 (wfb::port australia mackay-australia );; line 7160 (wfb::port australia melbourne-australia );; line 7160 (wfb::port australia sydney-australia );; line 7160 (wfb::port australia townsville-australia );; line 7160 (wfb::merchant_marine australia total "81 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 2,620,536 GRT/3,801,970 DWT" );; line 7167 (wfb::merchant_marine australia ships_by_type "bulk 30, cargo 7, chemical tanker 3, combination bulk 2, container 7, liquefied gas tanker 6, oil tanker 18, roll-on/roll-off cargo 7, short-sea passenger 1" );; line 7169 (wfb::airports australia total 480 );; line 7176 (wfb::airports australia |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 9 );; line 7178 (wfb::airports australia |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 15 );; line 7180 (wfb::airports australia |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 128 );; line 7182 (wfb::airports australia |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 125 );; line 7184 (wfb::airports australia with_paved_runways_under_914_m 31 );; line 7186 (wfb::airports australia |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 23 );; line 7188 (wfb::airports australia |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 149 );; line 7190 (wfb::telephone_system australia "8,700,000 telephones; good international and domestic service" );; line 7195 (wfb::telephone_system australia local "NA" );; line 7197 (wfb::telephone_system australia intercity "domestic satellite service" );; line 7199 (wfb::telephone_system australia international "submarine cables to New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, and Indonesia; 10 INTELSAT (4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean) earth stations" );; line 7201 (wfb::radio australia broadcast_stations am 258 );; line 7207 (wfb::radio australia broadcast_stations fm 67 );; line 7207 (wfb::radio australia broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 7207 (wfb::radio australia radios n/a );; line 7209 (wfb::television australia broadcast_stations 134 );; line 7214 (wfb::television australia televisions n/a );; line 7216 (wfb::defense_branch australia australian_army_australia );; line 7222 (wfb::defense_branch australia royal_australian_navy_australia );; line 7222 (wfb::defense_branch australia royal_australian_air_force_australia );; line 7222 (wfb::manpower_availability australia "males age 15-49 4,934,175; males fit for military service 4,274,900; males reach military age (17) annually 131,852 (1995 est.)" );; line 7227 (wfb::for-fiscal-year defense_expenditures australia 94 );; line 7232 (wfb::defense_expenditures australia (* 7.2e9 $) );; line 7232 (wfb::defense_expenditures australia (* 2.2 %_of_gdp) );; line 7232 (wfb::markup-parameter figure austria "graphno=\"au.tif\"" );; line 7238 (wfb::location austria "Central Europe, north of Italy" );; line 7242 (wfb::map_references austria "Europe" );; line 7246 (wfb::area austria total_area (* 83850 sq_km) );; line 7251 (wfb::area austria land_area (* 82730 sq_km) );; line 7253 (wfb::area austria comparative_area "slightly smaller than Maine" );; line 7255 (wfb::borders austria total (* 2496 km) );; line 7259 (wfb::borders austria czech_republic (* 362 km) );; line 7259 (wfb::borders austria germany (* 784 km) );; line 7259 (wfb::borders austria hungary (* 366 km) );; line 7259 (wfb::borders austria italy (* 430 km) );; line 7259 (wfb::borders austria liechtenstein (* 37 km) );; line 7259 (wfb::borders austria slovakia (* 91 km) );; line 7259 (wfb::borders austria slovenia (* 262 km) );; line 7259 (wfb::borders austria switzerland (* 164 km) );; line 7259 (wfb::comment coastline austria "landlocked" );; line 7265 (wfb::coastline austria (* 0 km) );; line 7265 (wfb::maritime_claims austria "none; landlocked" );; line 7269 (wfb::international_disputes austria "none" );; line 7273 (wfb::climate austria "temperate" );; line 7277 (wfb::climate austria "continental, cloudy" );; line 7277 (wfb::climate austria "cold winters with frequent rain in lowlands and snow in mountains" );; line 7277 (wfb::climate austria "cool summers with occasional showers" );; line 7277 (wfb::terrain austria "in the west and south mostly mountains (Alps)" );; line 7282 (wfb::terrain austria "along the eastern and northern margins mostly flat or gently sloping" );; line 7282 (wfb::natural-resource austria iron_ore );; line 7287 (wfb::natural-resource austria petroleum );; line 7287 (wfb::natural-resource austria timber );; line 7287 (wfb::natural-resource austria magnesite );; line 7287 (wfb::natural-resource austria aluminum-natural-resource );; line 7287 (wfb::natural-resource austria lead );; line 7287 (wfb::natural-resource austria coal );; line 7287 (wfb::natural-resource austria lignite );; line 7287 (wfb::natural-resource austria copper );; line 7287 (wfb::natural-resource austria hydropower-natural-resource );; line 7287 (wfb::land_use austria arable_land (* 17 %) );; line 7293 (wfb::land_use austria permanent_crops (* 1 %) );; line 7295 (wfb::land_use austria meadows_and_pastures (* 24 %) );; line 7297 (wfb::land_use austria forest_and_woodland (* 39 %) );; line 7299 (wfb::land_use austria other (* 19 %) );; line 7301 (wfb::measurement-date irrigated_land austria date_1989 );; line 7305 (wfb::irrigated_land austria (* 40 sq_km) );; line 7305 (wfb::environment austria current_issues "some forest degradation caused by air and soil pollution" );; line 7310 (wfb::environment austria current_issues "soil pollution results from the use of agricultural chemicals" );; line 7310 (wfb::environment austria current_issues "air pollution results from emissions by coal- and oil-fired power stations and industrial plants and from trucks transiting Austria between northern and southern Europe" );; line 7310 (wfb::environment austria natural_hazards "NA" );; line 7315 (wfb::environment austria international_agreements "party to - Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands" );; line 7317 (wfb::environment austria international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Air Pollution-Sulpher 94, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Law of the Sea, Whaling" );; line 7317 (wfb::note austria "landlocked; strategic location at the crossroads of central Europe with many easily traversable Alpine passes and valleys; major river is the Danube; population is concentrated on eastern lowlands because of steep slopes, poor soils, and low temperatures elsewhere" );; line 7326 (wfb::estimation-date population austria date_jul_1995 );; line 7335 (wfb::population austria 7986664 );; line 7335 (wfb::age_structure austria 0-14_years (* 17 %) );; line 7340 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex austria 0-14_years female 681087 );; line 7340 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex austria 0-14_years male 711127 );; line 7340 (wfb::age_structure austria 15-64_years (* 67 %) );; line 7342 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex austria 15-64_years female 2672554 );; line 7342 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex austria 15-64_years male 2677100 );; line 7342 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure austria 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 7344 (wfb::age_structure austria 65_years_and_over (* 16 %) );; line 7344 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex austria 65_years_and_over female 791762 );; line 7344 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex austria 65_years_and_over male 453034 );; line 7344 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate austria date_1995 );; line 7348 (wfb::population_growth_rate austria (* 0.35 %) );; line 7348 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate austria date_1995 );; line 7352 (wfb::birth_rate austria (* 11.21 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 7352 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate austria date_1995 );; line 7356 (wfb::death_rate austria (* 10.27 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 7356 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate austria date_1995 );; line 7360 (wfb::net_migration_rate austria (* 2.5 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 7360 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate austria date_1995 );; line 7364 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate austria (* 6.9 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 7364 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth austria total_population (* 76.9 years) );; line 7369 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth austria male (* 73.7 years) );; line 7371 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth austria female date_1995 );; line 7373 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth austria female (* 80.27 years) );; line 7373 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate austria date_1995 );; line 7377 (wfb::total_fertility_rate austria (* 1.48 children_born/woman) );; line 7377 (wfb::nationality austria noun "Austrian(s)" );; line 7382 (wfb::nationality austria adjective "Austrian" );; line 7384 (wfb::ethnic-entity austria german-ethnic-entity (* 99.4 %) );; line 7388 (wfb::ethnic-entity austria croatian (* 0.3 %) );; line 7388 (wfb::ethnic-entity austria slovene (* 0.2 %) );; line 7388 (wfb::religion austria roman_catholic (* 85 %) );; line 7392 (wfb::religion austria protestant (* 6 %) );; line 7392 (wfb::language austria german n/a );; line 7396 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition austria date_1974 );; line 7400 (wfb::literacy-condition austria "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 7400 (wfb::literacy austria total_population (* 99 %) );; line 7402 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force austria date_1989 );; line 7406 (wfb::total_labor_force austria 3.47e6 );; line 7406 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation austria services (* 56.4 %) );; line 7408 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation austria industry_and_crafts (* 35.4 %) );; line 7408 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation austria agriculture_and_forestry (* 8.1 %) );; line 7408 (wfb::comment labor_force austria "an estimated 200,000 Austrians are employed in other European countries; foreign laborers in Austria number 177,840, about 5% of labor force (1988)" );; line 7411 (wfb::names austria conventional_long_form "Republic of Austria" );; line 7419 (wfb::names austria conventional_short_form "Austria" );; line 7421 (wfb::names austria local_long_form "Republik Oesterreich" );; line 7423 (wfb::names austria local_short_form "Oesterreich" );; line 7425 (wfb::digraph austria "AU" );; line 7429 (wfb::type austria "federal republic" );; line 7433 (wfb::capital austria vienna-austria );; line 7437 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_austria_states "states" "bundeslaender" "bundesland" );; line 7441 (wfb::administrative_divisions austria adm_div_austria_states 9 );; line 7441 (wfb::administrative_division_of austria adm_div_austria_states "Burgenland" );; line 7441 (wfb::administrative_division_of austria adm_div_austria_states "Kaernten" );; line 7441 (wfb::administrative_division_of austria adm_div_austria_states "Niederoesterreich" );; line 7441 (wfb::administrative_division_of austria adm_div_austria_states "Oberoesterreich" );; line 7441 (wfb::administrative_division_of austria adm_div_austria_states "Salzburg" );; line 7441 (wfb::administrative_division_of austria adm_div_austria_states "Steiermark" );; line 7441 (wfb::administrative_division_of austria adm_div_austria_states "Tirol" );; line 7441 (wfb::administrative_division_of austria adm_div_austria_states "Vorarlberg" );; line 7441 (wfb::administrative_division_of austria adm_div_austria_states "Wien" );; line 7441 (wfb::independence austria date_12_nov_1918 "Austro-Hungarian Empire" );; line 7447 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1955 );; line 7451 (wfb::comment national_holiday austria "1955" );; line 7451 (wfb::national_holiday austria "National Day" date_26_oct );; line 7451 (wfb::constitution austria "1920; revised 1929 (reinstated 1 May 1945)" );; line 7455 (wfb::legal_system austria "civil law system with Roman law origin; judicial review of legislative acts by a Constitutional Court; separate administrative and civil/penal supreme courts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 7459 (wfb::comment suffrage austria " universal; compulsory for presidential elections" );; line 7465 (wfb::suffrage austria (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 7465 (wfb::comment executive_branch austria chief_of_state "election last held 24 May 1992 (next to be held 1996)" );; line 7470 (wfb::comment executive_branch austria chief_of_state "results of second ballot - Thomas KLESTIL 57%, Rudolf STREICHER 43%" );; line 7470 (wfb::executive_branch austria chief_of_state "President Thomas KLESTIL " date_8_jul_1992 );; line 7470 (wfb::comment executive_branch austria head_of_government "Vice Chancellor Erhard BUSEK (since 2 July 1991)" );; line 7474 (wfb::executive_branch austria head_of_government "Chancellor Franz VRANITZKY " date_16_jun_1986 );; line 7474 (wfb::comment executive_branch austria cabinet "chosen by the president on the advice of the chancellor" );; line 7477 (wfb::executive_branch austria cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 7477 (wfb::legislative_structure austria bicameral "Federal Assembly (Bundesversammlung)" );; line 7482 (wfb::legislative_branch austria "Federal Council (Bundesrat)" "consists of 63 members representing each of the provinces on the basis of population, but with each province having at least 3 representatives" );; line 7484 (wfb::legislative_branch austria "National Council (Nationalrat)" "elections last held 9 October 1994 (next to be held October 1998); results - SPOE 34.9%, OEVP 27.7%, FPOE 22.5%, Greens 7.3%, LF 6.0% other 1.6%; seats - (183 total) SPOE 65, OEVP 52, FPOE 42, Greens 13, LF 11" );; line 7488 (wfb::judicial_branch austria "Supreme Judicial Court (Oberster Gerichtshof) for civil and criminal cases, Administrative Court (Verwaltungsgerichtshof) for bureaucratic cases, Constitutional Court (Verfassungsgerichtshof) for constitutional cases" );; line 7494 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders austria "Social Democratic Party of Austria (SPOE), Franz VRANITZKY, chairman; Austrian People's Party (OEVP), Erhard BUSEK, chairman; Freedom Movement (F) (was the Freedom Party of Austria, FPOE), Joerg HAIDER, chairman; Communist Party (KPOE), Walter SILBERMAYER, chairman; The Greens, Madeleine PETROVIC; Liberal Forum (LF), Heide SCHMIDT" );; line 7500 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups austria "Federal Chamber of Commerce and Industry; Austrian Trade Union Federation (primarily Socialist); three composite leagues of the Austrian People's Party (OEVP) representing business, labor, and farmers; OEVP-oriented League of Austrian Industrialists; Roman Catholic Church, including its chief lay organization, Catholic Action" );; line 7508 (wfb::member_of austria afdb );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria ag );; line 7516 (wfb::comment member_of austria ag "observer" );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria asdb );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria australia_group );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria bis );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria ccc );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria ce );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria cei );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria cern );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria ebrd );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria ece );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria efta );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria esa );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria eu-international-organization );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria fao );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria g-_9 );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria gatt );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria iadb );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria iaea );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria ibrd );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria icao );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria icc );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria icftu );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria icrm );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria ida );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria iea );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria ifad );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria ifc );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria ifrcs );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria ilo );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria imf );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria imo );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria intelsat );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria interpol );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria ioc );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria iom );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria iso );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria itu );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria minurso );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria mtcr );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria nam );; line 7516 (wfb::comment member_of austria nam "guest" );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria nea );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria nsg );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria oas );; line 7516 (wfb::comment member_of austria oas "observer" );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria oecd );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria onusal );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria osce );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria pca );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria un );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria unamir );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria unctad );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria undof );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria unesco );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria unficyp );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria unhcr );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria unido );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria unikom );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria unmih );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria unomil );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria unomoz );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria untso );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria upu );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria wcl );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria wftu );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria who );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria wipo );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria wmo );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria wto );; line 7516 (wfb::member_of austria zc );; line 7516 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us austria chief_of_mission "Ambassador Helmut TUERK" );; line 7527 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us austria chancery "3524 International Court NW, Washington, DC 20008-3035" );; line 7529 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us austria telephone "[1] (202) 895-6700" );; line 7531 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us austria fax "[1] (202) 895-6750" );; line 7533 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us austria |consulate(s) general| "Chicago, Los Angeles, and New York" );; line 7535 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation austria chief_of_mission "Ambassador Swanee G. HUNT" );; line 7540 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation austria chancery "Boltzmanngasse 16, A-1091, Vienna" );; line 7542 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation austria mailing_address "use embassy street address" );; line 7544 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation austria telephone "[43] (1) 313-39" );; line 7546 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation austria fax "[43] (1) 310-0682" );; line 7548 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation austria |consulate(s) general| "none (Salzburg closed September 1993)" );; line 7550 (wfb::flag austria "three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and red" );; line 7554 (wfb::overview austria "Austria boasts a prosperous and stable market economy with a sizable but falling proportion of nationalized industry and with extensive welfare benefits. Thanks to its raw material endowment, a technically skilled labor force, and strong links to German industrial firms, Austria occupies specialized niches in European industry and services (tourism, banking) and produces almost enough food to feed itself with only 8% of the labor force in agriculture. After 11 consecutive years of growth, the Austrian economy experienced a mild recession in 1993, but growth resumed in 1994. Unemployment is 4.3% and will likely stay at that level as companies adjust to the competition of EU membership beginning 1 January 1995. To prepare for EU membership, Austria's government has taken measures to open the economy by introducing a major tax reform, privatizing state-owned firms, and liberalizing cross-border capital movements. Problems for the 1990s include an aging population, the high level of industrial subsidies, and the struggle to keep welfare benefits within budgetary capabilities - the deficit climbed to over 4% of GDP in 1994." );; line 7559 (wfb::estimation-date national_product austria date_1994 );; line 7578 (wfb::national_product austria (* 139.3e9 $) );; line 7578 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate austria date_1994 );; line 7582 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate austria (* 2.5 %) );; line 7582 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita austria date_1994 );; line 7586 (wfb::national_product_per_capita austria (* 17500 $) );; line 7586 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| austria "3% (1994)" );; line 7590 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate austria date_1994 );; line 7594 (wfb::unemployment_rate austria (* 4.3 %) );; line 7594 (wfb::budget austria revenues (* 52.2e9 $) );; line 7599 (wfb::estimation-date budget austria date_1993 );; line 7601 (wfb::budget austria expenditures (* 60.3e9 $) );; line 7601 (wfb::budget austria capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 7601 (wfb::estimation-date exports austria date_1994 );; line 7605 (wfb::exports austria (* 44.1e9 $) );; line 7605 (wfb::exports austria commodities machinery_and_equipment n/a );; line 7607 (wfb::exports austria commodities iron_and_steel n/a );; line 7607 (wfb::exports austria commodities lumber-commodity n/a );; line 7607 (wfb::exports austria commodities textiles-commodity n/a );; line 7607 (wfb::exports austria commodities paper_products n/a );; line 7607 (wfb::exports austria commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 7607 (wfb::measurement-date exports austria date_1993 );; line 7610 (wfb::comment exports austria "Germany 38.9%" );; line 7610 (wfb::exports austria partners ec (* 63.5 %) );; line 7610 (wfb::exports austria partners efta-region (* 9.0 %) );; line 7610 (wfb::exports austria partners eastern_europe/fsu (* 12.3 %) );; line 7610 (wfb::exports austria partners japan (* 1.5 %) );; line 7610 (wfb::exports austria partners us (* 3.4 %) );; line 7610 (wfb::estimation-date imports austria date_1994 );; line 7615 (wfb::imports austria (* 53.8e9 $) );; line 7615 (wfb::imports austria commodities petroleum-commodity n/a );; line 7617 (wfb::imports austria commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 7617 (wfb::imports austria commodities machinery_and_equipment n/a );; line 7617 (wfb::imports austria commodities vehicles n/a );; line 7617 (wfb::imports austria commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 7617 (wfb::imports austria commodities textiles_and_clothing n/a );; line 7617 (wfb::imports austria commodities pharmaceuticals n/a );; line 7617 (wfb::measurement-date imports austria date_1993 );; line 7620 (wfb::comment imports austria "Germany 41.3%" );; line 7620 (wfb::imports austria partners ec (* 66.8 %) );; line 7620 (wfb::imports austria partners efta-georef (* 6.7 %) );; line 7620 (wfb::imports austria partners eastern_europe/fsu (* 7.5 %) );; line 7620 (wfb::imports austria partners japan (* 4.4 %) );; line 7620 (wfb::imports austria partners us (* 4.4 %) );; line 7620 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt austria date_1994 );; line 7625 (wfb::external_debt austria (* 21.5e9 $) );; line 7625 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 7629 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production austria date_1994 );; line 7629 (wfb::industrial_production austria growth_rate (* 2.5 %) );; line 7629 (wfb::electricity austria capacity (* 17230000 kw) );; line 7634 (wfb::electricity austria production (* 50.2e9 kwh) );; line 7636 (wfb::measurement-date electricity austria consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 7638 (wfb::electricity austria consumption_per_capita (* 5824 kwh) );; line 7638 (wfb::industry austria foods );; line 7642 (wfb::industry austria iron );; line 7642 (wfb::industry austria steel );; line 7642 (wfb::industry austria machines );; line 7642 (wfb::industry austria textiles );; line 7642 (wfb::industry austria chemicals );; line 7642 (wfb::industry austria electrical );; line 7642 (wfb::industry austria paper );; line 7642 (wfb::industry austria pulp );; line 7642 (wfb::industry austria tourism );; line 7642 (wfb::industry austria mining );; line 7642 (wfb::industry austria motor_vehicles );; line 7642 (wfb::agriculture austria "accounts for 3.2% of GDP (including forestry); principal crops and animals - grains, fruit, potatoes, sugar beets, sawn wood, cattle, pigs, poultry; 80%-90% self-sufficient in food" );; line 7647 (wfb::illicit_drugs austria "transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin transiting the Balkan route and Eastern Europe" );; line 7653 (wfb::economic_aid austria donor "ODA and OOF commitments (1970-89), $2.4 billion" );; line 7659 (wfb::abbreviation austrian_schilling "S" );; line 7663 (wfb::currency austria austrian_schilling 100 groschen );; line 7663 (wfb::exchange_rates austria "Austrian schillings (S) per US$1 - 10.774 (January 1995), 11.422 (1994), 11.632 (1993), 10.989 (1992), 11.676 (1991), 11.370 (1990)" );; line 7667 (wfb::fiscal_year austria date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 7672 (wfb::railroads austria total "5,624 km" );; line 7678 (wfb::railroads austria standard_gauge "5,269 km 1.435-m gauge (3,162 km electrified)" );; line 7680 (wfb::railroads austria narrow_gauge "355 km 1.000-m and 0.760-m gauge (84 km electrified) (1994)" );; line 7682 (wfb::highways austria total (* 110000 km) );; line 7687 (wfb::comment highways austria paved "including 1,554 km of autobahn" );; line 7689 (wfb::measurement-date highways austria date_1992 );; line 7691 (wfb::comment highways austria unpaved "1992" );; line 7691 (wfb::measurement-date highways austria unpaved mostly_gravel_and_earth date_1992 );; line 7691 (wfb::highways austria mostly_gravel_and_earth (* 75000 km) );; line 7691 (wfb::inland_waterways austria "446 km" );; line 7695 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 554 km) );; line 7699 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 171 km) );; line 7699 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 2611 km) );; line 7699 (wfb::port austria linz-austria );; line 7704 (wfb::port austria vienna-austria );; line 7704 (wfb::merchant_marine austria total "32 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 152,885 GRT/235,719 DWT" );; line 7709 (wfb::merchant_marine austria ships_by_type "bulk 3, cargo 25, oil tanker 1, refrigerated cargo 2, roll-on/roll-off cargo 1" );; line 7711 (wfb::airports austria total 55 );; line 7717 (wfb::airports austria |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 7719 (wfb::airports austria |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 5 );; line 7721 (wfb::airports austria |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 1 );; line 7723 (wfb::airports austria |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 3 );; line 7725 (wfb::airports austria with_paved_runways_under_914_m 41 );; line 7727 (wfb::airports austria |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 4 );; line 7729 (wfb::telephone_system austria "4,014,000 telephones; highly developed and efficient" );; line 7734 (wfb::telephone_system austria local "NA" );; line 7736 (wfb::telephone_system austria intercity "NA" );; line 7738 (wfb::telephone_system austria international "2 INTELSAT (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean), and EUTELSAT earth stations" );; line 7740 (wfb::radio austria broadcast_stations am 6 );; line 7746 (wfb::comment radio austria broadcast_stations fm "repeaters 545" );; line 7746 (wfb::radio austria broadcast_stations fm 21 );; line 7746 (wfb::radio austria broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 7746 (wfb::radio austria radios n/a );; line 7748 (wfb::comment television austria broadcast_stations "repeaters 870" );; line 7753 (wfb::television austria broadcast_stations 47 );; line 7753 (wfb::television austria televisions n/a );; line 7755 (wfb::comment defense_branch austria army_austria "includes Flying Division" );; line 7761 (wfb::defense_branch austria army_austria );; line 7761 (wfb::manpower_availability austria "males age 15-49 2,026,567; males fit for military service 1,695,879; males reach military age (19) annually 46,821 (1995 est.)" );; line 7765 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures austria date_1994 );; line 7770 (wfb::markup-parameter figure azerbaijan "graphno=\"aj.tif\"" );; line 7776 (wfb::header azerbaijan "Note--Azerbaijan continues to be plagued by an unresolved seven-year-old conflict with Armenian separatists over its Nagorno-Karabakh region. The Karabakh Armenians have declared independence and seized almost 20% of the country's territory, creating almost 1 million Azeri displaced persons in the process. Both sides have generally observed a Russian-mediated cease-fire in place since May 1994, and support the OSCE-mediated peace process, now entering its fourth year. Nevertheless, Baku and Xankandi (Stepanakert) remain far apart on most substantive issues from the placement and composition of a peacekeeping force to the enclave's ultimate political status, and prospects for a negotiated settlement remain dim." );; line 7776 (wfb::location azerbaijan "Southwestern Asia, bordering the Caspian Sea, between Iran and Russia" );; line 7789 (wfb::map_references azerbaijan "Commonwealth of Independent States - European States" );; line 7794 (wfb::area azerbaijan total_area (* 86600 sq_km) );; line 7799 (wfb::area azerbaijan land_area (* 86100 sq_km) );; line 7801 (wfb::area azerbaijan comparative_area "slightly larger than Maine" );; line 7803 (wfb::comment area azerbaijan "includes the exclave of Naxcivan Autonomous Republic and the Nagorno-Karabakh region; the region's autonomy was abolished by Azerbaijani Supreme Soviet on 26 November 1991" );; line 7805 (wfb::borders azerbaijan total (* 2013 km) );; line 7811 (wfb::borders azerbaijan |Armenia (west)| (* 566 km) );; line 7811 (wfb::borders azerbaijan |Armenia (southwest)| (* 221 km) );; line 7811 (wfb::borders azerbaijan georgia (* 322 km) );; line 7811 (wfb::borders azerbaijan |Iran (south)| (* 432 km) );; line 7811 (wfb::borders azerbaijan |Iran (southwest)| (* 179 km) );; line 7811 (wfb::borders azerbaijan russia (* 284 km) );; line 7811 (wfb::borders azerbaijan turkey (* 9 km) );; line 7811 (wfb::comment coastline azerbaijan "landlocked" );; line 7817 (wfb::coastline azerbaijan (* 0 km) );; line 7817 (wfb::comment coastline azerbaijan "Azerbaijan borders the Caspian Sea (800 km, est.)" );; line 7819 (wfb::maritime_claims azerbaijan "none; landlocked" );; line 7823 (wfb::international_disputes azerbaijan "violent and longstanding dispute with ethnic Armenians of Nagorno-Karabakh over its status" );; line 7827 (wfb::international_disputes azerbaijan "Caspian Sea boundaries are not yet determined" );; line 7827 (wfb::climate azerbaijan "dry, semiarid steppe" );; line 7832 (wfb::terrain azerbaijan "large, flat Kur-Araz Lowland (much of it below sea level) with Great Caucasus Mountains to the north, Qarabag (Karabakh) Upland in west" );; line 7836 (wfb::terrain azerbaijan "Baku lies on Abseron (Apsheron) Peninsula that juts into Caspian Sea" );; line 7836 (wfb::natural-resource azerbaijan petroleum );; line 7842 (wfb::natural-resource azerbaijan natural_gas );; line 7842 (wfb::natural-resource azerbaijan iron_ore );; line 7842 (wfb::natural-resource azerbaijan nonferrous_metals );; line 7842 (wfb::natural-resource azerbaijan alumina );; line 7842 (wfb::land_use azerbaijan arable_land (* 18 %) );; line 7847 (wfb::land_use azerbaijan permanent_crops (* 4 %) );; line 7849 (wfb::land_use azerbaijan meadows_and_pastures (* 25 %) );; line 7851 (wfb::land_use azerbaijan forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 7853 (wfb::land_use azerbaijan other (* 53 %) );; line 7855 (wfb::measurement-date irrigated_land azerbaijan date_1990 );; line 7859 (wfb::irrigated_land azerbaijan (* 14010 sq_km) );; line 7859 (wfb::environment azerbaijan current_issues "local scientists consider the Abseron (Apsheron) Peninsula (including Baku and Sumqayit) and the Caspian Sea to be the ecologically most devastated area in the world because of severe air, water, and soil pollution" );; line 7864 (wfb::environment azerbaijan current_issues "soil pollution results from the use of DDT as a pesticide and also from toxic defoliants used in the production of cotton" );; line 7864 (wfb::environment azerbaijan natural_hazards "droughts" );; line 7870 (wfb::environment azerbaijan natural_hazards "some lowland areas threatened by rising levels of the Caspian Sea" );; line 7870 (wfb::environment azerbaijan international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Climate Change" );; line 7873 (wfb::note azerbaijan "landlocked" );; line 7877 (wfb::estimation-date population azerbaijan date_jul_1995 );; line 7883 (wfb::population azerbaijan 7789886 );; line 7883 (wfb::age_structure azerbaijan 0-14_years (* 33 %) );; line 7888 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex azerbaijan 0-14_years female 1241952 );; line 7888 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex azerbaijan 0-14_years male 1315313 );; line 7888 (wfb::age_structure azerbaijan 15-64_years (* 61 %) );; line 7890 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex azerbaijan 15-64_years female 2437810 );; line 7890 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex azerbaijan 15-64_years male 2307496 );; line 7890 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure azerbaijan 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 7892 (wfb::age_structure azerbaijan 65_years_and_over (* 6 %) );; line 7892 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex azerbaijan 65_years_and_over female 303926 );; line 7892 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex azerbaijan 65_years_and_over male 183389 );; line 7892 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate azerbaijan date_1995 );; line 7896 (wfb::population_growth_rate azerbaijan (* 1.32 %) );; line 7896 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate azerbaijan date_1995 );; line 7900 (wfb::birth_rate azerbaijan (* 22.05 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 7900 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate azerbaijan date_1995 );; line 7904 (wfb::death_rate azerbaijan (* 6.56 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 7904 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate azerbaijan date_1995 );; line 7908 (wfb::net_migration_rate azerbaijan (* -2.32 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 7908 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate azerbaijan date_1995 );; line 7912 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate azerbaijan (* 33.9 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 7912 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth azerbaijan total_population (* 71.09 years) );; line 7917 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth azerbaijan male (* 67.4 years) );; line 7919 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth azerbaijan female date_1995 );; line 7921 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth azerbaijan female (* 74.97 years) );; line 7921 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate azerbaijan date_1995 );; line 7925 (wfb::total_fertility_rate azerbaijan (* 2.64 children_born/woman) );; line 7925 (wfb::nationality azerbaijan noun "Azerbaijani(s)" );; line 7930 (wfb::nationality azerbaijan adjective "Azerbaijani" );; line 7932 (wfb::estimation-date ethnic-entity date_1995 );; line 7936 (wfb::ethnic-entity azerbaijan azeri (* 90 %) );; line 7936 (wfb::ethnic-entity azerbaijan dagestani_peoples (* 3.2 %) );; line 7936 (wfb::ethnic-entity azerbaijan russian (* 2.5 %) );; line 7936 (wfb::ethnic-entity azerbaijan armenian (* 2.3 %) );; line 7936 (wfb::comment ethnic_divisions azerbaijan "almost all Armenians live in the separatist Nagorno-Karabakh region" );; line 7939 (wfb::estimation-date religion date_1995 );; line 7944 (wfb::religion azerbaijan muslim (* 93.4 %) );; line 7944 (wfb::religion azerbaijan russian_orthodox (* 2.5 %) );; line 7944 (wfb::religion azerbaijan armenian_orthodox (* 2.3 %) );; line 7944 (wfb::comment religions azerbaijan "religious affiliation is still nominal in Azerbaijan; actual practicing adherents are much lower" );; line 7947 (wfb::estimation-date language date_1995 );; line 7952 (wfb::language azerbaijan azeri-language-group (* 89 %) );; line 7952 (wfb::language azerbaijan russian-language-group (* 3 %) );; line 7952 (wfb::language azerbaijan armenian-language-group (* 2 %) );; line 7952 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition azerbaijan date_1989 );; line 7956 (wfb::literacy-condition azerbaijan "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 7956 (wfb::literacy azerbaijan total_population (* 97 %) );; line 7958 (wfb::literacy azerbaijan male (* 99 %) );; line 7960 (wfb::literacy azerbaijan female (* 96 %) );; line 7962 (wfb::total_labor_force azerbaijan 2.789e6 );; line 7966 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force azerbaijan by_occupation date_1990 );; line 7968 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1990 );; line 7968 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation azerbaijan agriculture_and_forestry (* 32 %) );; line 7968 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation azerbaijan industry_and_construction (* 26 %) );; line 7968 (wfb::names azerbaijan conventional_long_form "Azerbaijani Republic" );; line 7975 (wfb::names azerbaijan conventional_short_form "Azerbaijan" );; line 7977 (wfb::names azerbaijan local_long_form "Azarbaycan Respublikasi" );; line 7979 (wfb::names azerbaijan former "Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic" );; line 7983 (wfb::digraph azerbaijan "AJ" );; line 7987 (wfb::type azerbaijan "republic" );; line 7991 (wfb::comment capital azerbaijan "Baki" );; line 7995 (wfb::capital azerbaijan baku-azerbaijan );; line 7995 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "rayons" "rayonlar" "rayon" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_divisions azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons 59 );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_azerbaijan_cities "cities" "saharlar" "sahar" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_divisions azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_cities 11 );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_azerbaijan_autonomous_republic "autonomous republic" "n/a" "muxtar respublika" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_divisions azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_autonomous_republic 1 );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Abscron Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Agcabadi Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Agdam Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Agdas Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Agstafa Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Agsu Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_cities "AliBayramli Sahari" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Astara Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_cities "Baki Sahari" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Balakan Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Barda Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Beylaqan Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Bilasuvar Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Cabrayil Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Calilabad Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Daskasan Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Davaci Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Fuzuli Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Gadabay Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_cities "Ganca Sahari" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Goranboy Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Goycay Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Haciqabul Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Imisli Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Ismayilli Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Kalbacar Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Kurdamir Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Lacin Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Lankaran Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_cities "Lankaran Sahari" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Lerik Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Masalli Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_cities "Mingacevir Sahari" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_cities "Naftalan Sahari" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_autonomous_republic "Naxcivan Muxtar Respublikasi" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Neftcala Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Oguz Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Qabala Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Qax Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Qazax Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Qobustan Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Quba Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Qubadli Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Qusar Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Saatli Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Sabirabad Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Saki Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_cities "Saki Sahari" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Salyan Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Samaxi Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Samkir Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Samux Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Siyazan Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_cities "Sumqayit Sahari" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Susa Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_cities "Susa Sahari" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Tartar Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Tovuz Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Ucar Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Xacmaz Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_cities "Xankandi Sahari" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Xanlar Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Xizi Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Xocali Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Xocavand Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Yardimb Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Yevlax Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_cities "Yevlax Sahari" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Zangilan Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Zaqatala Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::administrative_division_of azerbaijan adm_div_azerbaijan_rayons "Zardab Rayonu" );; line 7999 (wfb::independence azerbaijan date_30_aug_1991 "Soviet Union" );; line 8019 (wfb::national_holiday azerbaijan "Independence Day" date_28_may );; line 8023 (wfb::constitution azerbaijan "adopted NA April 1978; writing a new constitution" );; line 8027 (wfb::legal_system azerbaijan "based on civil law system" );; line 8031 (wfb::comment suffrage azerbaijan " universal" );; line 8035 (wfb::suffrage azerbaijan (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 8035 (wfb::comment executive_branch azerbaijan chief_of_state "election last held 3 October 1993 (next to be held NA)" );; line 8040 (wfb::comment executive_branch azerbaijan chief_of_state "results - Heydar ALIYEV won 97% of vote" );; line 8040 (wfb::executive_branch azerbaijan chief_of_state "President Heydar ALIYEV " date_18_jun_1993 );; line 8040 (wfb::comment executive_branch azerbaijan head_of_government "First Deputy Prime Ministers Abbas ABBASOV, Samed SADYKOV, Vahid AKHMEDOV (since NA)" );; line 8043 (wfb::executive_branch azerbaijan head_of_government "Acting Prime Minister Fuad QULIYEV " date_9_oct_1994 );; line 8043 (wfb::comment executive_branch azerbaijan cabinet "appointed by the president and confirmed by the Mejlis" );; line 8047 (wfb::executive_branch azerbaijan cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 8047 (wfb::legislative_structure azerbaijan unicameral n/a );; line 8052 (wfb::legislative_branch azerbaijan "National Assembly (Milli Mejlis)" "elections last held 30 September and 14 October 1990 for the Supreme Soviet (next expected to be held September 1995 for the National Assembly); seats for Supreme Soviet - (360 total) Communists 280, Democratic Bloc 45 (grouping of opposition parties), other 15, vacant 20; note - on 19 May 1992 the Supreme Soviet was prorogued in favor of a Popular Front-dominated National Council; seats - (50 total) Popular Front 25, opposition elements 25" );; line 8054 (wfb::comment legislative_branch azerbaijan "since June 1993 ALIYEV has rotated in several supporters to replace Popular Front adherents" );; line 8062 (wfb::judicial_branch azerbaijan "Supreme Court" );; line 8067 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders azerbaijan "Azerbaijan Popular Front (APF), Ebulfez ELCIBEY, chairman; Musavat Party, Isa GAMBAR, chairman; National Independence Party, Etibar MAMEDOV, chairman; Social Democratic Party (SDP), Araz ALIZADE, chairman; Communist Party, Ramiz AKHMEDOV, chairman; People's Freedom Party, Yunus OGUZ, chairman; Independent Social Democratic Party, Arif YUNUSOV and Leila YUNOSOVA, cochairmen; New Azerbaijan Party, Heydar ALIYEV, chairman; Boz Gurd Party, Iskander HAMIDOV, chairman; Azerbaijan Democratic Independence Party, Qabil HUSEYNLI, chairman; Islamic Party of Azerbaijan, Ali Akram, chairman; Ana Veten Party, Fazail AGAMALIYEV; Azerbaijan Democratic Party, Sardar Jalaloglu MAMEDOV; Azerbaijan Democratic Party of Proprietors (DPOP), Makhmud MAMEDOV; Azerbaijan Patriotic Solidarity Party, Sabir RUSTAMHANLI; Azerbaijan Republic Reform Party, Fuad ASADOV; Communist Party of Azerbaijan (unregistered), Sayad SAYADOV; Equality of the Peoples Party, Faukhraddin AYDAYEV; Independent Azerbaijan Party, Nizami SULEYMANOV; Labor Party of Azerbaijan, Sabutai HAJIYEV; Liberal-Democratic Party of Azerbaijan, Lyudmila NIKOLAYEVNA; National Enlightenment Party, Hajy Osman EFENDIYEV; National Liberation Party, Panak SHAKHSEVEV; Peasant Party, Firuz MUSTAFAYEV; Radical Party of Azerbaijan, Malik SHARIFOV; United Azerbaijan Party, Kerrar ABILOV; Vetan Adzhagy Party, Zakir TAGIYEV" );; line 8071 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups azerbaijan "self-proclaimed Armenian Nagorno-Karabakh Republic; Talysh independence movement" );; line 8092 (wfb::member_of azerbaijan bsec );; line 8097 (wfb::member_of azerbaijan ccc );; line 8097 (wfb::member_of azerbaijan cis );; line 8097 (wfb::member_of azerbaijan ebrd );; line 8097 (wfb::member_of azerbaijan ece );; line 8097 (wfb::member_of azerbaijan eco );; line 8097 (wfb::member_of azerbaijan escap );; line 8097 (wfb::member_of azerbaijan ibrd );; line 8097 (wfb::member_of azerbaijan icao );; line 8097 (wfb::member_of azerbaijan idb );; line 8097 (wfb::member_of azerbaijan ifad );; line 8097 (wfb::member_of azerbaijan ilo );; line 8097 (wfb::member_of azerbaijan imf );; line 8097 (wfb::member_of azerbaijan intelsat );; line 8097 (wfb::member_of azerbaijan interpol );; line 8097 (wfb::member_of azerbaijan ioc );; line 8097 (wfb::member_of azerbaijan itu );; line 8097 (wfb::member_of azerbaijan nacc );; line 8097 (wfb::member_of azerbaijan oic );; line 8097 (wfb::member_of azerbaijan osce );; line 8097 (wfb::member_of azerbaijan pfp );; line 8097 (wfb::member_of azerbaijan un );; line 8097 (wfb::member_of azerbaijan unctad );; line 8097 (wfb::member_of azerbaijan unesco );; line 8097 (wfb::member_of azerbaijan upu );; line 8097 (wfb::member_of azerbaijan who );; line 8097 (wfb::member_of azerbaijan wmo );; line 8097 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us azerbaijan chief_of_mission "Ambassador Hafiz Mir Jalal PASHAYEV" );; line 8104 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us azerbaijan chancery "(temporary) Suite 700, 927 15th Street NW, Washington, DC 20005" );; line 8106 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us azerbaijan telephone "[1] (202) 842-0001" );; line 8108 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us azerbaijan fax "[1] (202) 842-0004" );; line 8110 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation azerbaijan chief_of_mission "Ambassador Richard D. KAUZLARICH" );; line 8115 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation azerbaijan embassy "Azadliq Prospect 83, Baku" );; line 8117 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation azerbaijan mailing_address "use embassy street address" );; line 8119 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation azerbaijan telephone "[9] (9412) 96-00-19, 98-03-37" );; line 8121 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation azerbaijan fax "[9] (9412) 98-37-55" );; line 8123 (wfb::flag azerbaijan "three equal horizontal bands of blue (top), red, and green; a crescent and eight-pointed star in white are centered in red band" );; line 8127 (wfb::overview azerbaijan "Azerbaijan is less developed industrially than either Armenia or Georgia, the other Transcaucasian states. It resembles the Central Asian states in its majority nominally Muslim population, high structural unemployment, and low standard of living. The economy's most prominent products are oil, cotton, and gas. Production from the Caspian oil and gas field has been in decline for several years, but the November 1994 ratification of the $7.5 billion oil deal with a consortium of Western companies should generate the funds needed to spur future industrial development. Azerbaijan accounted for 1.5% to 2% of the capital stock and output of the former Soviet Union. Azerbaijan shares all the formidable problems of the ex-Soviet republics in making the transition from a command to a market economy, but its considerable energy resources brighten its long-term prospects. Baku has only recently begun making progress on economic reform, and old economic ties and structures have yet to be replaced." );; line 8133 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate azerbaijan date_1994 );; line 8155 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate azerbaijan (* -22 %) );; line 8155 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita azerbaijan date_1994 );; line 8159 (wfb::national_product_per_capita azerbaijan (* 1790 $) );; line 8159 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| azerbaijan "28% monthly average (1994)" );; line 8163 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate azerbaijan date_dec_1994 );; line 8167 (wfb::budget azerbaijan revenues (* 167.5e6 $) );; line 8173 (wfb::measurement-date budget azerbaijan date_1994 );; line 8175 (wfb::budget azerbaijan expenditures (* 234.6e6 $) );; line 8175 (wfb::budget azerbaijan capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 8175 (wfb::exports azerbaijan (* 366e6 $) );; line 8179 (wfb::measurement-date exports azerbaijan date_1991 );; line 8181 (wfb::exports azerbaijan commodities oil_and_gas n/a );; line 8181 (wfb::exports azerbaijan commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 8181 (wfb::exports azerbaijan commodities oilfield_equipment n/a );; line 8181 (wfb::exports azerbaijan commodities textiles-commodity n/a );; line 8181 (wfb::exports azerbaijan commodities cotton n/a );; line 8181 (wfb::imports azerbaijan (* 296e6 $) );; line 8188 (wfb::measurement-date imports azerbaijan date_1991 );; line 8190 (wfb::imports azerbaijan commodities machinery_and_parts n/a );; line 8190 (wfb::imports azerbaijan commodities consumer_durables-commodity n/a );; line 8190 (wfb::imports azerbaijan commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 8190 (wfb::imports azerbaijan commodities textiles-commodity n/a );; line 8190 (wfb::external_debt azerbaijan (* n/a $) );; line 8197 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 8201 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production azerbaijan date_1994 );; line 8201 (wfb::industrial_production azerbaijan growth_rate (* -25 %) );; line 8201 (wfb::electricity azerbaijan capacity (* 4900000 kw) );; line 8206 (wfb::electricity azerbaijan production (* 17.5e9 kwh) );; line 8208 (wfb::measurement-date electricity azerbaijan consumption_per_capita date_1994 );; line 8210 (wfb::electricity azerbaijan consumption_per_capita (* 2270 kwh) );; line 8210 (wfb::industry azerbaijan petroleum_and_natural_gas );; line 8214 (wfb::industry azerbaijan petroleum_products-industry );; line 8214 (wfb::industry azerbaijan oilfield_equipment-industry );; line 8214 (wfb::industry azerbaijan steel );; line 8214 (wfb::industry azerbaijan iron_ore-industry );; line 8214 (wfb::industry azerbaijan cement );; line 8214 (wfb::industry azerbaijan chemicals );; line 8214 (wfb::industry azerbaijan petrochemicals );; line 8214 (wfb::industry azerbaijan textiles );; line 8214 (wfb::agriculture azerbaijan "cotton, grain, rice, grapes, fruit, vegetables, tea, tobacco; cattle, pigs, sheep and goats" );; line 8219 (wfb::illicit_drugs azerbaijan "illicit cultivator of cannabis and opium poppy; mostly for CIS consumption; limited government eradication program; transshipment point for illicit drugs to Western Europe" );; line 8224 (wfb::economic_aid azerbaijan recipient "wheat from Turkey" );; line 8231 (wfb::abbreviation manat "n/a" );; line 8235 (wfb::currency azerbaijan manat 100 gopik );; line 8235 (wfb::exchange_rates azerbaijan "manats per US$1 - 4500 (April 1995), 4168 (end of December 1994)" );; line 8239 (wfb::fiscal_year azerbaijan date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 8243 (wfb::railroads azerbaijan total "2,090 km in common carrier service; does not include industrial lines" );; line 8249 (wfb::railroads azerbaijan broad_gauge "2,090 km 1.520-m gauge (1990)" );; line 8252 (wfb::highways azerbaijan total (* 36700 km) );; line 8257 (wfb::highways azerbaijan paved_or_graveled (* 31800 km) );; line 8259 (wfb::measurement-date highways azerbaijan date_1990 );; line 8261 (wfb::comment highways azerbaijan unpaved "1990" );; line 8261 (wfb::measurement-date highways azerbaijan unpaved earth date_1990 );; line 8261 (wfb::highways azerbaijan earth (* 4900 km) );; line 8261 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 1130 km) );; line 8265 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 630 km) );; line 8265 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 1240 km) );; line 8265 (wfb::port azerbaijan baku-azerbaijan );; line 8270 (wfb::comment port azerbaijan baku-azerbaijan "Baki" );; line 8270 (wfb::airports azerbaijan total 69 );; line 8275 (wfb::airports azerbaijan |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 2 );; line 8277 (wfb::airports azerbaijan |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 6 );; line 8279 (wfb::airports azerbaijan |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 17 );; line 8281 (wfb::airports azerbaijan |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 3 );; line 8283 (wfb::airports azerbaijan with_paved_runways_under_914_m 1 );; line 8285 (wfb::airports azerbaijan |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 7 );; line 8287 (wfb::airports azerbaijan with_unpaved_runways_under_914_m 33 );; line 8289 (wfb::telephone_system azerbaijan "710,000 telephones; 90 telephones/1,000 persons (1991); 202,000 persons waiting for telephone installations (January 1991); domestic telephone service is of poor quality and inadequate" );; line 8294 (wfb::telephone_system azerbaijan local "a joint venture to establish a cellular telephone system (Bakcel) in the Baku area is supposed to become operational in 1994" );; line 8298 (wfb::telephone_system azerbaijan intercity "NA" );; line 8301 (wfb::telephone_system azerbaijan international "connections to other former USSR republics by cable and microwave and to other countries via the Moscow international gateway switch; INTELSAT link installed in late 1992 in Baku with Turkish financial assistance with access to 200 countries through Turkey; since August 1993 an earth station near Baku has provided direct communications with New York through Russia's Stationar-11 satellite" );; line 8303 (wfb::radio azerbaijan radios n/a );; line 8315 (wfb::television azerbaijan televisions n/a );; line 8324 (wfb::defense_branch azerbaijan army_azerbaijan );; line 8330 (wfb::defense_branch azerbaijan air_force_azerbaijan );; line 8330 (wfb::defense_branch azerbaijan navy_azerbaijan );; line 8330 (wfb::defense_branch azerbaijan maritime_border_guard_azerbaijan );; line 8330 (wfb::defense_branch azerbaijan national_guard_azerbaijan );; line 8330 (wfb::comment defense_branch azerbaijan security_forces_azerbaijan "internal and border troops" );; line 8330 (wfb::defense_branch azerbaijan security_forces_azerbaijan );; line 8330 (wfb::manpower_availability azerbaijan "males age 15-49 1,927,955; males fit for military service 1,553,736; males reach military age (18) annually 68,407 (1995 est.)" );; line 8335 (wfb::markup-parameter figure the_bahamas "graphno=\"bf.tif\"" );; line 8349 (wfb::location the_bahamas "Caribbean, chain of islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, southeast of Florida" );; line 8353 (wfb::map_references the_bahamas "Central America and the Caribbean" );; line 8358 (wfb::area the_bahamas total_area (* 13940 sq_km) );; line 8363 (wfb::area the_bahamas land_area (* 10070 sq_km) );; line 8365 (wfb::area the_bahamas comparative_area "slightly larger than Connecticut" );; line 8367 (wfb::coastline the_bahamas (* 3542 km) );; line 8375 (wfb::maritime_claims the_bahamas exclusive_fishing_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 8382 (wfb::maritime_claims the_bahamas territorial_sea (* 3 nm) );; line 8384 (wfb::international_disputes the_bahamas "none" );; line 8388 (wfb::climate the_bahamas "tropical marine" );; line 8392 (wfb::climate the_bahamas "moderated by warm waters of Gulf Stream" );; line 8392 (wfb::terrain the_bahamas "long, flat coral formations with some low rounded hills" );; line 8396 (wfb::natural-resource the_bahamas salt );; line 8400 (wfb::natural-resource the_bahamas aragonite );; line 8400 (wfb::natural-resource the_bahamas timber );; line 8400 (wfb::land_use the_bahamas arable_land (* 1 %) );; line 8405 (wfb::land_use the_bahamas permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 8407 (wfb::land_use the_bahamas meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 8409 (wfb::land_use the_bahamas forest_and_woodland (* 32 %) );; line 8411 (wfb::land_use the_bahamas other (* 67 %) );; line 8413 (wfb::irrigated_land the_bahamas (* n/a sq_km) );; line 8417 (wfb::environment the_bahamas current_issues "coral reef decay" );; line 8422 (wfb::environment the_bahamas natural_hazards "hurricanes and other tropical storms that cause extensive flood and wind damage" );; line 8424 (wfb::environment the_bahamas international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution" );; line 8427 (wfb::note the_bahamas "strategic location adjacent to US and Cuba; extensive island chain" );; line 8433 (wfb::estimation-date population the_bahamas date_jul_1995 );; line 8440 (wfb::population the_bahamas 256616 );; line 8440 (wfb::age_structure the_bahamas 0-14_years (* 28 %) );; line 8445 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex the_bahamas 0-14_years female 35924 );; line 8445 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex the_bahamas 0-14_years male 36504 );; line 8445 (wfb::age_structure the_bahamas 15-64_years (* 66 %) );; line 8447 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex the_bahamas 15-64_years female 87868 );; line 8447 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex the_bahamas 15-64_years male 82780 );; line 8447 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure the_bahamas 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 8449 (wfb::age_structure the_bahamas 65_years_and_over (* 6 %) );; line 8449 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex the_bahamas 65_years_and_over female 8247 );; line 8449 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex the_bahamas 65_years_and_over male 5293 );; line 8449 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate the_bahamas date_1995 );; line 8453 (wfb::population_growth_rate the_bahamas (* 1.09 %) );; line 8453 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate the_bahamas date_1995 );; line 8457 (wfb::birth_rate the_bahamas (* 19.23 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 8457 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate the_bahamas date_1995 );; line 8461 (wfb::death_rate the_bahamas (* 5.79 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 8461 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate the_bahamas date_1995 );; line 8465 (wfb::net_migration_rate the_bahamas (* -2.56 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 8465 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate the_bahamas date_1995 );; line 8469 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate the_bahamas (* 24.3 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 8469 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth the_bahamas total_population (* 72.12 years) );; line 8474 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth the_bahamas male (* 67.37 years) );; line 8476 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth the_bahamas female date_1995 );; line 8478 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth the_bahamas female (* 76.97 years) );; line 8478 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate the_bahamas date_1995 );; line 8482 (wfb::total_fertility_rate the_bahamas (* 2.01 children_born/woman) );; line 8482 (wfb::nationality the_bahamas noun "Bahamian(s)" );; line 8487 (wfb::nationality the_bahamas adjective "Bahamian" );; line 8489 (wfb::ethnic-entity the_bahamas black (* 85 %) );; line 8493 (wfb::ethnic-entity the_bahamas white (* 15 %) );; line 8493 (wfb::religion the_bahamas baptist (* 32 %) );; line 8497 (wfb::religion the_bahamas anglican (* 20 %) );; line 8497 (wfb::religion the_bahamas roman_catholic (* 19 %) );; line 8497 (wfb::religion the_bahamas methodist (* 6 %) );; line 8497 (wfb::religion the_bahamas church_of_god (* 6 %) );; line 8497 (wfb::language the_bahamas english n/a );; line 8502 (wfb::language the_bahamas creole n/a );; line 8502 (wfb::comment language the_bahamas creole "among Haitian immigrants" );; line 8502 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition the_bahamas date_1963 );; line 8506 (wfb::literacy-condition the_bahamas "age 15 and over can read and write but definition of literary not available" );; line 8506 (wfb::literacy the_bahamas total_population (* 90 %) );; line 8509 (wfb::literacy the_bahamas male (* 90 %) );; line 8511 (wfb::literacy the_bahamas female (* 89 %) );; line 8513 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force the_bahamas date_1993 );; line 8517 (wfb::total_labor_force the_bahamas 136900 );; line 8517 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force the_bahamas by_occupation date_1989 );; line 8519 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1989 );; line 8519 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation the_bahamas government (* 30 %) );; line 8519 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation the_bahamas hotels_and_restaurants (* 25 %) );; line 8519 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation the_bahamas business_services (* 10 %) );; line 8519 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation the_bahamas agriculture (* 5 %) );; line 8519 (wfb::names the_bahamas conventional_long_form "Commonwealth of The Bahamas" );; line 8526 (wfb::names the_bahamas conventional_short_form "The Bahamas" );; line 8528 (wfb::digraph the_bahamas "BF" );; line 8532 (wfb::type the_bahamas "commonwealth" );; line 8536 (wfb::capital the_bahamas nassau-the_bahamas );; line 8540 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_the_bahamas_districts "districts" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 8544 (wfb::administrative_divisions the_bahamas adm_div_the_bahamas_districts 21 );; line 8544 (wfb::administrative_division_of the_bahamas adm_div_the_bahamas_districts "Acklins and Crooked Islands" );; line 8544 (wfb::administrative_division_of the_bahamas adm_div_the_bahamas_districts "Bimini" );; line 8544 (wfb::administrative_division_of the_bahamas adm_div_the_bahamas_districts "Cat Island" );; line 8544 (wfb::administrative_division_of the_bahamas adm_div_the_bahamas_districts "Exuma" );; line 8544 (wfb::administrative_division_of the_bahamas adm_div_the_bahamas_districts "Freeport" );; line 8544 (wfb::administrative_division_of the_bahamas adm_div_the_bahamas_districts "Fresh Creek" );; line 8544 (wfb::administrative_division_of the_bahamas adm_div_the_bahamas_districts "Governor's Harbour" );; line 8544 (wfb::administrative_division_of the_bahamas adm_div_the_bahamas_districts "Green Turtle Cay" );; line 8544 (wfb::administrative_division_of the_bahamas adm_div_the_bahamas_districts "Harbour Island" );; line 8544 (wfb::administrative_division_of the_bahamas adm_div_the_bahamas_districts "High Rock" );; line 8544 (wfb::administrative_division_of the_bahamas adm_div_the_bahamas_districts "Inagua" );; line 8544 (wfb::administrative_division_of the_bahamas adm_div_the_bahamas_districts "Kemps Bay" );; line 8544 (wfb::administrative_division_of the_bahamas adm_div_the_bahamas_districts "Long Island" );; line 8544 (wfb::administrative_division_of the_bahamas adm_div_the_bahamas_districts "Marsh Harbour" );; line 8544 (wfb::administrative_division_of the_bahamas adm_div_the_bahamas_districts "Mayaguana" );; line 8544 (wfb::administrative_division_of the_bahamas adm_div_the_bahamas_districts "New Providence" );; line 8544 (wfb::administrative_division_of the_bahamas adm_div_the_bahamas_districts "Nicholls Town and Berry Islands" );; line 8544 (wfb::administrative_division_of the_bahamas adm_div_the_bahamas_districts "Ragged Island" );; line 8544 (wfb::administrative_division_of the_bahamas adm_div_the_bahamas_districts "Rock Sound" );; line 8544 (wfb::administrative_division_of the_bahamas adm_div_the_bahamas_districts "Sandy Point" );; line 8544 (wfb::administrative_division_of the_bahamas adm_div_the_bahamas_districts "San Salvador and Rum Cay" );; line 8544 (wfb::independence the_bahamas date_10_jul_1973 "UK" );; line 8552 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1973 );; line 8556 (wfb::comment national_holiday the_bahamas "1973" );; line 8556 (wfb::national_holiday the_bahamas "National Day" date_10_jul );; line 8556 (wfb::constitution the_bahamas "10 July 1973" );; line 8560 (wfb::legal_system the_bahamas "based on English common law" );; line 8564 (wfb::comment suffrage the_bahamas " universal" );; line 8568 (wfb::suffrage the_bahamas (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 8568 (wfb::executive_branch the_bahamas head_of_government "Prime Minister Hubert A. INGRAHAM " date_19_aug_1992 );; line 8576 (wfb::comment executive_branch the_bahamas cabinet "appointed by the governor on the prime minister's recommendation" );; line 8578 (wfb::executive_branch the_bahamas cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 8578 (wfb::legislative_structure the_bahamas bicameral "Parliament" );; line 8583 (wfb::legislative_branch the_bahamas "Senate" "a 16-member body appointed by the governor general" );; line 8585 (wfb::legislative_branch the_bahamas "House of Assembly" "elections last held 19 August 1992 (next to be held by August 1997); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (49 total) FNM 32, PLP 17" );; line 8587 (wfb::judicial_branch the_bahamas "Supreme Court" );; line 8593 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders the_bahamas "Progressive Liberal Party (PLP), Sir Lynden O. PINDLING; Free National Movement (FNM), Hubert Alexander INGRAHAM;" );; line 8597 (wfb::member_of the_bahamas acp );; line 8602 (wfb::member_of the_bahamas c );; line 8602 (wfb::member_of the_bahamas caricom );; line 8602 (wfb::member_of the_bahamas ccc );; line 8602 (wfb::member_of the_bahamas cdb );; line 8602 (wfb::member_of the_bahamas eclac );; line 8602 (wfb::member_of the_bahamas fao );; line 8602 (wfb::member_of the_bahamas g-77 );; line 8602 (wfb::member_of the_bahamas iadb );; line 8602 (wfb::member_of the_bahamas ibrd );; line 8602 (wfb::member_of the_bahamas icao );; line 8602 (wfb::member_of the_bahamas icftu );; line 8602 (wfb::member_of the_bahamas icrm );; line 8602 (wfb::member_of the_bahamas ifc );; line 8602 (wfb::member_of the_bahamas ifrcs );; line 8602 (wfb::member_of the_bahamas ilo );; line 8602 (wfb::member_of the_bahamas imf );; line 8602 (wfb::member_of the_bahamas imo );; line 8602 (wfb::member_of the_bahamas inmarsat );; line 8602 (wfb::member_of the_bahamas intelsat );; line 8602 (wfb::member_of the_bahamas interpol );; line 8602 (wfb::member_of the_bahamas ioc );; line 8602 (wfb::member_of the_bahamas itu );; line 8602 (wfb::member_of the_bahamas nam );; line 8602 (wfb::member_of the_bahamas oas );; line 8602 (wfb::member_of the_bahamas opanal );; line 8602 (wfb::member_of the_bahamas un );; line 8602 (wfb::member_of the_bahamas unctad );; line 8602 (wfb::member_of the_bahamas unesco );; line 8602 (wfb::member_of the_bahamas unido );; line 8602 (wfb::member_of the_bahamas upu );; line 8602 (wfb::member_of the_bahamas who );; line 8602 (wfb::member_of the_bahamas wipo );; line 8602 (wfb::member_of the_bahamas wmo );; line 8602 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us the_bahamas chief_of_mission "Ambassador Timothy Baswell DONALDSON" );; line 8609 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us the_bahamas chancery "2220 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 8611 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us the_bahamas telephone "[1] (202) 319-2660" );; line 8613 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us the_bahamas fax "[1] (202) 319-2668" );; line 8615 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us the_bahamas |consulate(s) general| "Miami and New York" );; line 8617 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation the_bahamas chief_of_mission "Ambassador Sidney WILLIAMS" );; line 8622 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation the_bahamas embassy "Mosmar Building, Queen Street, Nassau" );; line 8624 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation the_bahamas mailing_address "P. O. Box N-8197, Nassau" );; line 8626 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation the_bahamas telephone "[1] (809) 322-1181, 328-2206" );; line 8628 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation the_bahamas fax "[1] (809) 328-7838" );; line 8630 (wfb::flag the_bahamas "three equal horizontal bands of aquamarine (top), gold, and aquamarine with a black equilateral triangle based on the hoist side" );; line 8634 (wfb::overview the_bahamas "The Bahamas is a stable, developing nation whose economy is based primarily on tourism and offshore banking. Tourism alone provides about 50% of GDP and directly or indirectly employs about 50,000 people or 40% of the local work force. The economy has slackened in recent years, as the annual increase in the number of tourists slowed. Nonetheless, per capita GDP is one of the highest in the region." );; line 8640 (wfb::estimation-date national_product the_bahamas date_1994 );; line 8649 (wfb::national_product the_bahamas (* 4.4e9 $) );; line 8649 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate the_bahamas date_1994 );; line 8653 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate the_bahamas (* 3.5 %) );; line 8653 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita the_bahamas date_1994 );; line 8657 (wfb::national_product_per_capita the_bahamas (* 15900 $) );; line 8657 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| the_bahamas "2.7% (1994)" );; line 8661 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate the_bahamas date_1993 );; line 8665 (wfb::unemployment_rate the_bahamas (* 13.1 %) );; line 8665 (wfb::budget the_bahamas revenues (* 696e6 $) );; line 8670 (wfb::for-fiscal-year budget the_bahamas 94 );; line 8672 (wfb::budget the_bahamas expenditures (* 756e6 $) );; line 8672 (wfb::budget the_bahamas capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 8672 (wfb::exports the_bahamas (* 257e6 $) );; line 8676 (wfb::exports the_bahamas commodities pharmaceuticals n/a );; line 8678 (wfb::exports the_bahamas commodities cement-commodity n/a );; line 8678 (wfb::exports the_bahamas commodities rum n/a );; line 8678 (wfb::exports the_bahamas commodities crawfish n/a );; line 8678 (wfb::exports the_bahamas commodities refined_petroleum_products n/a );; line 8678 (wfb::exports the_bahamas partners us (* 51 %) );; line 8681 (wfb::exports the_bahamas partners uk (* 7 %) );; line 8681 (wfb::exports the_bahamas partners norway (* 7 %) );; line 8681 (wfb::exports the_bahamas partners france (* 6 %) );; line 8681 (wfb::exports the_bahamas partners italy (* 5 %) );; line 8681 (wfb::imports the_bahamas (* 1.15e9 $) );; line 8685 (wfb::imports the_bahamas commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 8687 (wfb::imports the_bahamas commodities manufactured_goods n/a );; line 8687 (wfb::imports the_bahamas commodities crude_oil n/a );; line 8687 (wfb::imports the_bahamas commodities vehicles n/a );; line 8687 (wfb::imports the_bahamas commodities electronics n/a );; line 8687 (wfb::imports the_bahamas partners us (* 55 %) );; line 8689 (wfb::imports the_bahamas partners japan (* 17 %) );; line 8689 (wfb::imports the_bahamas partners nigeria (* 12 %) );; line 8689 (wfb::imports the_bahamas partners denmark (* 7 %) );; line 8689 (wfb::imports the_bahamas partners norway (* 6 %) );; line 8689 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt the_bahamas date_dec_1993 );; line 8693 (wfb::external_debt the_bahamas (* 455e6 $) );; line 8693 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1990 );; line 8697 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production the_bahamas date_1990 );; line 8697 (wfb::industrial_production the_bahamas growth_rate (* 3 %) );; line 8697 (wfb::industrial_production the_bahamas accounts_for (* 15 %_of_gdp) );; line 8697 (wfb::electricity the_bahamas capacity (* 424000 kw) );; line 8702 (wfb::electricity the_bahamas production (* 929e6 kwh) );; line 8704 (wfb::measurement-date electricity the_bahamas consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 8706 (wfb::electricity the_bahamas consumption_per_capita (* 3200 kwh) );; line 8706 (wfb::industry the_bahamas tourism );; line 8710 (wfb::industry the_bahamas banking );; line 8710 (wfb::industry the_bahamas cement );; line 8710 (wfb::industry the_bahamas oil_refining_and_transshipment );; line 8710 (wfb::industry the_bahamas salt_production );; line 8710 (wfb::industry the_bahamas rum-industry );; line 8710 (wfb::industry the_bahamas aragonite-industry );; line 8710 (wfb::industry the_bahamas pharmaceuticals-industry );; line 8710 (wfb::industry the_bahamas spiral_welded_steel_pipe );; line 8710 (wfb::agriculture the_bahamas "accounts for 5% of GDP; dominated by small-scale producers; principal products - citrus fruit, vegetables, poultry; large net importer of food" );; line 8715 (wfb::illicit_drugs the_bahamas "transshipment point for cocaine and marijuana bound for US and Europe; also a money-laundering center" );; line 8721 (wfb::economic_aid the_bahamas recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY85-89), $1 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $345 million" );; line 8727 (wfb::abbreviation bahamian_dollar "B$" );; line 8732 (wfb::currency the_bahamas bahamian_dollar 100 cents );; line 8732 (wfb::exchange_rates the_bahamas "Bahamian dollar (B$) per US$1 - 1.00 (fixed rate)" );; line 8736 (wfb::fiscal_year the_bahamas date_1_jul date_30_jun );; line 8740 (wfb::railroads the_bahamas "0 km" );; line 8745 (wfb::highways the_bahamas total (* 2400 km) );; line 8750 (wfb::highways the_bahamas paved (* 1350 km) );; line 8752 (wfb::highways the_bahamas gravel (* 1050 km) );; line 8754 (wfb::port the_bahamas freeport-the_bahamas );; line 8758 (wfb::port the_bahamas matthew_town-the_bahamas );; line 8758 (wfb::port the_bahamas nassau-the_bahamas );; line 8758 (wfb::merchant_marine the_bahamas total "936 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 21,815,474 GRT/35,253,416 DWT" );; line 8763 (wfb::merchant_marine the_bahamas ships_by_type "bulk 162, cargo 181, chemical tanker 39, combination bulk 9, combination ore/oil 19, container 52, liquefied gas tanker 20, oil tanker 182, passenger 55, refrigerated cargo 146, roll-on/roll-off cargo 43, short-sea passenger 16, vehicle carrier 12" );; line 8766 (wfb::comment merchant_marine the_bahamas "a flag of convenience registry; includes 46 countries among which are UK 158 ships, Norway 125, Greece 100, US 94, Denmark 80, Netherlands 53, France 36, Finland 35, Japan 35, Sweden 25" );; line 8771 (wfb::airports the_bahamas total 60 );; line 8778 (wfb::airports the_bahamas |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 2 );; line 8780 (wfb::airports the_bahamas |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 8782 (wfb::airports the_bahamas |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 16 );; line 8784 (wfb::airports the_bahamas |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 11 );; line 8786 (wfb::airports the_bahamas with_paved_runways_under_914_m 22 );; line 8788 (wfb::airports the_bahamas |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 8 );; line 8790 (wfb::telephone_system the_bahamas "99,000 telephones; totally automatic system; highly developed" );; line 8795 (wfb::telephone_system the_bahamas local "NA" );; line 8797 (wfb::telephone_system the_bahamas intercity "NA" );; line 8799 (wfb::telephone_system the_bahamas international "tropospheric scatter and submarine cable links to Florida; 3 coaxial submarine cables; 1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station" );; line 8801 (wfb::radio the_bahamas broadcast_stations am 3 );; line 8807 (wfb::radio the_bahamas broadcast_stations fm 2 );; line 8807 (wfb::radio the_bahamas broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 8807 (wfb::radio the_bahamas radios n/a );; line 8809 (wfb::television the_bahamas broadcast_stations 1 );; line 8814 (wfb::television the_bahamas televisions n/a );; line 8816 (wfb::comment defense_branch the_bahamas royal_bahamas_defense_force_the_bahamas "Coast Guard only" );; line 8822 (wfb::defense_branch the_bahamas royal_bahamas_defense_force_the_bahamas );; line 8822 (wfb::defense_branch the_bahamas royal_bahamas_police_force_the_bahamas );; line 8822 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures the_bahamas date_1990 );; line 8827 (wfb::defense_expenditures the_bahamas (* 65e6 $) );; line 8827 (wfb::defense_expenditures the_bahamas (* 2.7 %_of_gdp) );; line 8827 (wfb::markup-parameter figure bahrain "graphno=\"ba.tif\"" );; line 8833 (wfb::location bahrain "Middle East, archipelago in the Persian Gulf, east of Saudi Arabia" );; line 8837 (wfb::map_references bahrain "Middle East" );; line 8842 (wfb::area bahrain total_area (* 620 sq_km) );; line 8847 (wfb::area bahrain land_area (* 620 sq_km) );; line 8849 (wfb::area bahrain comparative_area "slightly less than 3.5 times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 8851 (wfb::coastline bahrain (* 161 km) );; line 8859 (wfb::maritime_claims bahrain contiguous_zone (* 24 nm) );; line 8864 (wfb::maritime_claims bahrain territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 8868 (wfb::international_disputes bahrain "territorial dispute with Qatar over the Hawar Islands" );; line 8872 (wfb::international_disputes bahrain "maritime boundary with Qatar" );; line 8872 (wfb::climate bahrain "arid" );; line 8877 (wfb::climate bahrain "mild, pleasant winters" );; line 8877 (wfb::climate bahrain "very hot, humid summers" );; line 8877 (wfb::terrain bahrain "mostly low desert plain rising gently to low central escarpment" );; line 8881 (wfb::natural-resource bahrain oil-natural-resource );; line 8885 (wfb::natural-resource bahrain associated_and_nonassociated_natural_gas );; line 8885 (wfb::natural-resource bahrain fish );; line 8885 (wfb::land_use bahrain arable_land (* 2 %) );; line 8890 (wfb::land_use bahrain permanent_crops (* 2 %) );; line 8892 (wfb::land_use bahrain meadows_and_pastures (* 6 %) );; line 8894 (wfb::land_use bahrain forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 8896 (wfb::land_use bahrain other (* 90 %) );; line 8898 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land bahrain date_1989 );; line 8902 (wfb::irrigated_land bahrain (* 10 sq_km) );; line 8902 (wfb::environment bahrain current_issues "desertification resulting from the degradation of limited arable land, periods of drought, and dust storms" );; line 8907 (wfb::environment bahrain current_issues "coastal degradation (damage to coastlines, coral reefs, and sea vegetation) resulting from oil spills and other discharges from large tankers, oil refineries, and distribution stations" );; line 8907 (wfb::environment bahrain current_issues "no natural fresh water resources so that groundwater and sea water are the only sources for all water needs" );; line 8907 (wfb::environment bahrain natural_hazards "periodic droughts" );; line 8914 (wfb::environment bahrain natural_hazards "dust storms" );; line 8914 (wfb::environment bahrain international_agreements "party to - Climate Change, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection" );; line 8916 (wfb::environment bahrain international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity" );; line 8916 (wfb::note bahrain "close to primary Middle Eastern petroleum sources; strategic location in Persian Gulf through which much of Western world's petroleum must transit to reach open ocean" );; line 8921 (wfb::estimation-date population bahrain date_jul_1995 );; line 8929 (wfb::population bahrain 575925 );; line 8929 (wfb::age_structure bahrain 0-14_years (* 31 %) );; line 8934 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex bahrain 0-14_years female 87398 );; line 8934 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex bahrain 0-14_years male 89976 );; line 8934 (wfb::age_structure bahrain 15-64_years (* 67 %) );; line 8936 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex bahrain 15-64_years female 152363 );; line 8936 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex bahrain 15-64_years male 231586 );; line 8936 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure bahrain 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 8938 (wfb::age_structure bahrain 65_years_and_over (* 2 %) );; line 8938 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex bahrain 65_years_and_over female 7051 );; line 8938 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex bahrain 65_years_and_over male 7551 );; line 8938 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate bahrain date_1995 );; line 8942 (wfb::population_growth_rate bahrain (* 2.58 %) );; line 8942 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate bahrain date_1995 );; line 8946 (wfb::birth_rate bahrain (* 24.12 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 8946 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate bahrain date_1995 );; line 8950 (wfb::death_rate bahrain (* 3.31 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 8950 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate bahrain date_1995 );; line 8954 (wfb::net_migration_rate bahrain (* 4.95 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 8954 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate bahrain date_1995 );; line 8958 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate bahrain (* 18 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 8958 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth bahrain total_population (* 73.94 years) );; line 8963 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth bahrain male (* 71.46 years) );; line 8965 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth bahrain female date_1995 );; line 8967 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth bahrain female (* 76.49 years) );; line 8967 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate bahrain date_1995 );; line 8971 (wfb::total_fertility_rate bahrain (* 3.12 children_born/woman) );; line 8971 (wfb::nationality bahrain noun "Bahraini(s)" );; line 8976 (wfb::nationality bahrain adjective "Bahraini" );; line 8978 (wfb::ethnic-entity bahrain bahraini (* 63 %) );; line 8982 (wfb::ethnic-entity bahrain asian (* 13 %) );; line 8982 (wfb::ethnic-entity bahrain iranian (* 8 %) );; line 8982 (wfb::religion bahrain |Shi'a Muslim| (* 70 %) );; line 8986 (wfb::religion bahrain sunni_muslim (* 30 %) );; line 8986 (wfb::language bahrain arabic n/a );; line 8990 (wfb::language bahrain english n/a );; line 8990 (wfb::language bahrain farsi n/a );; line 8990 (wfb::language bahrain urdu n/a );; line 8990 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition bahrain date_1991 );; line 8994 (wfb::literacy-condition bahrain "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 8994 (wfb::literacy bahrain total_population (* 84 %) );; line 8996 (wfb::literacy bahrain male (* 89 %) );; line 8998 (wfb::literacy bahrain female (* 77 %) );; line 9000 (wfb::total_labor_force bahrain 140000 );; line 9004 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force bahrain by_occupation date_1982 );; line 9006 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1982 );; line 9006 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation bahrain industry_and_commerce (* 85 %) );; line 9006 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation bahrain agriculture (* 5 %) );; line 9006 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation bahrain services (* 5 %) );; line 9006 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation bahrain government (* 3 %) );; line 9006 (wfb::comment labor_force bahrain "42% of labor force is Bahraini" );; line 9009 (wfb::names bahrain conventional_long_form "State of Bahrain" );; line 9015 (wfb::names bahrain conventional_short_form "Bahrain" );; line 9017 (wfb::names bahrain local_long_form "Dawlat al Bahrayn" );; line 9019 (wfb::names bahrain local_short_form "Al Bahrayn" );; line 9021 (wfb::digraph bahrain "BA" );; line 9025 (wfb::type bahrain "traditional monarchy" );; line 9029 (wfb::capital bahrain manama-bahrain );; line 9033 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_bahrain_districts "districts" "manatiq" "mintaqah" );; line 9037 (wfb::administrative_divisions bahrain adm_div_bahrain_districts 12 );; line 9037 (wfb::administrative_division_of bahrain adm_div_bahrain_districts "Al Hadd" );; line 9037 (wfb::administrative_division_of bahrain adm_div_bahrain_districts "Al Manamah" );; line 9037 (wfb::administrative_division_of bahrain adm_div_bahrain_districts "Al Mintaqah al Gharbiyah" );; line 9037 (wfb::administrative_division_of bahrain adm_div_bahrain_districts "Al Mintaqah al Wusta" );; line 9037 (wfb::administrative_division_of bahrain adm_div_bahrain_districts "Al Mintaqah ash Shamaliyah" );; line 9037 (wfb::administrative_division_of bahrain adm_div_bahrain_districts "Al Muharraq" );; line 9037 (wfb::administrative_division_of bahrain adm_div_bahrain_districts "Ar Rifa'wa al Mintaqah al Janubiyah" );; line 9037 (wfb::administrative_division_of bahrain adm_div_bahrain_districts "Jidd Hafs" );; line 9037 (wfb::administrative_division_of bahrain adm_div_bahrain_districts "Madinat Hamad" );; line 9037 (wfb::administrative_division_of bahrain adm_div_bahrain_districts "Madinat 'Isa" );; line 9037 (wfb::administrative_division_of bahrain adm_div_bahrain_districts "Mintaqat Juzur Hawar" );; line 9037 (wfb::administrative_division_of bahrain adm_div_bahrain_districts "Sitrah" );; line 9037 (wfb::independence bahrain date_15_aug_1971 "UK" );; line 9044 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1961 );; line 9048 (wfb::comment national_holiday bahrain "1961" );; line 9048 (wfb::national_holiday bahrain "Independence Day" date_16_dec );; line 9048 (wfb::constitution bahrain "26 May 1973, effective 6 December 1973" );; line 9052 (wfb::legal_system bahrain "based on Islamic law and English common law" );; line 9056 (wfb::comment executive_branch bahrain chief_of_state "Heir Apparent HAMAD bin Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa (son of the Amir, born 28 January 1950)" );; line 9065 (wfb::executive_branch bahrain chief_of_state "Amir ISA bin Salman Al Khalifa " date_2_nov_1961 );; line 9065 (wfb::executive_branch bahrain head_of_government "Prime Minister KHALIFA bin Salman Al Khalifa " date_19_jan_1970 );; line 9069 (wfb::executive_branch bahrain cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 9072 (wfb::judicial_branch bahrain "High Civil Appeals Court" );; line 9082 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders bahrain "political parties prohibited; several small, clandestine leftist and Islamic fundamentalist groups are active" );; line 9086 (wfb::member_of bahrain abeda );; line 9091 (wfb::member_of bahrain afesd );; line 9091 (wfb::member_of bahrain al );; line 9091 (wfb::member_of bahrain amf );; line 9091 (wfb::member_of bahrain escwa );; line 9091 (wfb::member_of bahrain fao );; line 9091 (wfb::member_of bahrain g-77 );; line 9091 (wfb::member_of bahrain gatt );; line 9091 (wfb::member_of bahrain gcc );; line 9091 (wfb::member_of bahrain ibrd );; line 9091 (wfb::member_of bahrain icao );; line 9091 (wfb::member_of bahrain icrm );; line 9091 (wfb::member_of bahrain idb );; line 9091 (wfb::member_of bahrain ifrcs );; line 9091 (wfb::member_of bahrain ilo );; line 9091 (wfb::member_of bahrain imf );; line 9091 (wfb::member_of bahrain imo );; line 9091 (wfb::member_of bahrain inmarsat );; line 9091 (wfb::member_of bahrain intelsat );; line 9091 (wfb::member_of bahrain interpol );; line 9091 (wfb::member_of bahrain ioc );; line 9091 (wfb::member_of bahrain iso );; line 9091 (wfb::comment member_of bahrain iso "correspondent" );; line 9091 (wfb::member_of bahrain itu );; line 9091 (wfb::member_of bahrain nam );; line 9091 (wfb::member_of bahrain oapec );; line 9091 (wfb::member_of bahrain oic );; line 9091 (wfb::member_of bahrain un );; line 9091 (wfb::member_of bahrain unctad );; line 9091 (wfb::member_of bahrain unesco );; line 9091 (wfb::member_of bahrain unido );; line 9091 (wfb::member_of bahrain upu );; line 9091 (wfb::member_of bahrain wftu );; line 9091 (wfb::member_of bahrain who );; line 9091 (wfb::member_of bahrain wmo );; line 9091 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us bahrain chief_of_mission "Ambassador Muhammad ABD AL-GHAFFAR al-Abdallah" );; line 9098 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us bahrain chancery "3502 International Drive NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 9100 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us bahrain telephone "[1] (202) 342-0741, 342-0742" );; line 9102 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us bahrain |consulate(s) general| "New York" );; line 9104 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation bahrain chief_of_mission "Ambassador David M. RANSOM" );; line 9109 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation bahrain embassy "Building No. 979, Road 3119 (next to Ahli Sports Club), Zinj District, Manama" );; line 9111 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation bahrain mailing_address "FPO AE 09834-5100; P.O. Box 26431, Manama (International Mail)" );; line 9114 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation bahrain telephone "[973] 273300; afterhours [973] 275-126" );; line 9116 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation bahrain fax "[973] 272594" );; line 9118 (wfb::flag bahrain "red with a white serrated band (eight white points) on the hoist side" );; line 9122 (wfb::overview bahrain "Tiny in area, Bahrain is well-to-do in economic resources and per capita income. Petroleum production and processing account for about 80% of export receipts, 60% of government revenues, and 30% of GDP. Economic conditions have fluctuated with the changing fortunes of oil since 1985, for example, during and following the Gulf crisis of 1990-91. With its highly developed communication and transport facilities Bahrain is home to numerous multinational firms with business in the Gulf. A large share of exports consists of petroleum products made from imported crude. Prospects for 1995 are good, with private enterprise the main driving force, e.g., in banking and construction. Unemployment, especially among the young, and the depletion of both oil and underground water resources are major long-term economic problems." );; line 9128 (wfb::estimation-date national_product bahrain date_1994 );; line 9142 (wfb::national_product bahrain (* 7.1e9 $) );; line 9142 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate bahrain date_1994 );; line 9146 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate bahrain (* 2.2 %) );; line 9146 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita bahrain date_1994 );; line 9150 (wfb::national_product_per_capita bahrain (* 12100 $) );; line 9150 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| bahrain "2% (1994 est.)" );; line 9154 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate bahrain date_1991 );; line 9158 (wfb::unemployment_rate bahrain (* 15 %) );; line 9158 (wfb::measurement-date budget bahrain date_1989 );; line 9163 (wfb::measurement-date budget bahrain revenues date_1989 );; line 9163 (wfb::budget bahrain revenues (* 1.2e9 $) );; line 9163 (wfb::measurement-date budget bahrain date_1992 );; line 9165 (wfb::budget bahrain expenditures (* 1.6e9 $) );; line 9165 (wfb::budget bahrain capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 9165 (wfb::exports bahrain (* 3.69e9 $) );; line 9169 (wfb::exports bahrain commodities petroleum_and_petroleum_products (* 80 %) );; line 9171 (wfb::exports bahrain commodities aluminum (* 7 %) );; line 9171 (wfb::measurement-date exports bahrain date_1992 );; line 9173 (wfb::exports bahrain partners japan (* 11 %) );; line 9173 (wfb::exports bahrain partners uae (* 5 %) );; line 9173 (wfb::exports bahrain partners south_korea (* 4 %) );; line 9173 (wfb::exports bahrain partners india (* 4 %) );; line 9173 (wfb::exports bahrain partners saudi_arabia (* 3 %) );; line 9173 (wfb::imports bahrain (* 3.83e9 $) );; line 9178 (wfb::imports bahrain commodities nonoil (* 59 %) );; line 9180 (wfb::imports bahrain commodities crude_oil (* 41 %) );; line 9180 (wfb::measurement-date imports bahrain date_1992 );; line 9182 (wfb::imports bahrain partners saudi_arabia (* 47 %) );; line 9182 (wfb::imports bahrain partners uk (* 7 %) );; line 9182 (wfb::imports bahrain partners japan (* 7 %) );; line 9182 (wfb::imports bahrain partners us (* 6 %) );; line 9182 (wfb::imports bahrain partners germany (* 5 %) );; line 9182 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt bahrain date_1993 );; line 9186 (wfb::external_debt bahrain (* 2.6e9 $) );; line 9186 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1992 );; line 9190 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production bahrain date_1992 );; line 9190 (wfb::industrial_production bahrain growth_rate (* 13 %) );; line 9190 (wfb::industrial_production bahrain accounts_for (* 38 %_of_gdp) );; line 9190 (wfb::electricity bahrain capacity (* 1050000 kw) );; line 9196 (wfb::electricity bahrain production (* 3.3e9 kwh) );; line 9198 (wfb::measurement-date electricity bahrain consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 9200 (wfb::electricity bahrain consumption_per_capita (* 5453 kwh) );; line 9200 (wfb::industry bahrain petroleum_processing_and_refining );; line 9204 (wfb::industry bahrain aluminum_smelting );; line 9204 (wfb::industry bahrain offshore_banking );; line 9204 (wfb::industry bahrain ship_repairing );; line 9204 (wfb::agriculture bahrain "including fishing, accounts for less than 2% of GDP; not self-sufficient in food production; heavily subsidized sector produces fruit, vegetables, poultry, dairy products, shrimp, fish" );; line 9209 (wfb::economic_aid bahrain recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-79), $24 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $45 million; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $9.8 billion" );; line 9216 (wfb::abbreviation bahraini_dinar "BD" );; line 9222 (wfb::currency bahrain bahraini_dinar 1000 fils );; line 9222 (wfb::exchange_rates bahrain "Bahraini dinars (BD) per US$1 - 0.3760 (fixed rate)" );; line 9226 (wfb::fiscal_year bahrain date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 9230 (wfb::railroads bahrain "0 km" );; line 9235 (wfb::highways bahrain total (* 2670 km) );; line 9240 (wfb::highways bahrain paved (* 2010 km) );; line 9242 (wfb::estimation-date highways bahrain date_1991 );; line 9244 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 56 km) );; line 9248 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 16 km) );; line 9248 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 32 km) );; line 9248 (wfb::port bahrain manama-bahrain );; line 9252 (wfb::port bahrain |Mina' Salman-bahrain| );; line 9252 (wfb::port bahrain sitrah-bahrain );; line 9252 (wfb::merchant_marine bahrain total "6 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 79,949 GRT/120,900 DWT" );; line 9257 (wfb::merchant_marine bahrain ships_by_type "bulk 1, cargo 4, chemical tanker 1" );; line 9259 (wfb::airports bahrain total 4 );; line 9264 (wfb::airports bahrain |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 2 );; line 9266 (wfb::airports bahrain with_paved_runways_under_914_m 1 );; line 9268 (wfb::airports bahrain |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 1 );; line 9270 (wfb::telephone_system bahrain "98,000 telephones; 170 telephones/1,000 persons; modern system; good domestic services; excellent international connections" );; line 9275 (wfb::telephone_system bahrain local "NA" );; line 9278 (wfb::telephone_system bahrain intercity "NA" );; line 9280 (wfb::telephone_system bahrain international "2 INTELSAT (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) and 1 ARABSAT earth station; tropospheric scatter to Qatar, UAE; microwave radio relay to Saudi Arabia; submarine cable to Qatar, UAE, and Saudi Arabia" );; line 9282 (wfb::radio bahrain broadcast_stations am 2 );; line 9289 (wfb::radio bahrain broadcast_stations fm 3 );; line 9289 (wfb::radio bahrain broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 9289 (wfb::radio bahrain radios 60e6 );; line 9291 (wfb::television bahrain broadcast_stations 2 );; line 9296 (wfb::television bahrain televisions 21e6 );; line 9298 (wfb::defense_branch bahrain army_bahrain );; line 9304 (wfb::defense_branch bahrain navy_bahrain );; line 9304 (wfb::defense_branch bahrain air_force_bahrain );; line 9304 (wfb::defense_branch bahrain air_defense_bahrain );; line 9304 (wfb::defense_branch bahrain coast_guard_bahrain );; line 9304 (wfb::defense_branch bahrain police_force_bahrain );; line 9304 (wfb::manpower_availability bahrain "males age 15-49 210,725; males fit for military service 117,414; males reach military age (15) annually 4,346 (1995 est.)" );; line 9308 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures bahrain date_1994 );; line 9313 (wfb::defense_expenditures bahrain (* 247e6 $) );; line 9313 (wfb::defense_expenditures bahrain (* 5.5 %_of_gdp) );; line 9313 (wfb::markup-parameter figure baker_island "graphno=\"fq.tif\"" );; line 9319 (wfb::header baker_island "(territory of the US)" );; line 9319 (wfb::location baker_island "Oceania, atoll in the North Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to Australia" );; line 9323 (wfb::map_references baker_island "Oceania" );; line 9328 (wfb::area baker_island total_area (* 1.4 sq_km) );; line 9333 (wfb::area baker_island land_area (* 1.4 sq_km) );; line 9335 (wfb::area baker_island comparative_area "about 2.3 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC" );; line 9337 (wfb::coastline baker_island (* 4.8 km) );; line 9345 (wfb::maritime_claims baker_island exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 9350 (wfb::maritime_claims baker_island territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 9352 (wfb::international_disputes baker_island "none" );; line 9356 (wfb::climate baker_island "equatorial" );; line 9360 (wfb::climate baker_island "scant rainfall, constant wind, burning sun" );; line 9360 (wfb::terrain baker_island "low, nearly level coral island surrounded by a narrow fringing reef" );; line 9364 (wfb::natural-resource baker_island |guano (deposits worked until 1891)| );; line 9369 (wfb::land_use baker_island arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 9374 (wfb::land_use baker_island permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 9376 (wfb::land_use baker_island meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 9378 (wfb::land_use baker_island forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 9380 (wfb::land_use baker_island other (* 100 %) );; line 9382 (wfb::irrigated_land baker_island (* 0 sq_km) );; line 9386 (wfb::environment baker_island current_issues "no natural fresh water resources" );; line 9391 (wfb::environment baker_island natural_hazards "the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard" );; line 9393 (wfb::environment baker_island international_agreements "NA" );; line 9396 (wfb::note baker_island "treeless, sparse, and scattered vegetation consisting of grasses, prostrate vines, and low growing shrubs; primarily a nesting, roosting, and foraging habitat for seabirds, shorebirds, and marine wildlife" );; line 9400 (wfb::names baker_island conventional_short_form "Baker Island" );; line 9420 (wfb::digraph baker_island "FQ" );; line 9424 (wfb::type baker_island "unincorporated territory of the US administered by the Fish and Wildlife Service of the US Department of the Interior as part of the National Wildlife Refuge system" );; line 9428 (wfb::overview baker_island "no economic activity" );; line 9439 (wfb::note baker_island "there is a day beacon near the middle of the west coast" );; line 9453 (wfb::note baker_island "defense is the responsibility of the US; visited annually by the US Coast Guard" );; line 9463 (wfb::markup-parameter figure bangladesh "graphno=\"bg.tif\"" );; line 9470 (wfb::location bangladesh "Southern Asia, bordering the Bay of Bengal, between Burma and India" );; line 9474 (wfb::map_references bangladesh "Asia" );; line 9479 (wfb::area bangladesh total_area (* 144000 sq_km) );; line 9484 (wfb::area bangladesh land_area (* 133910 sq_km) );; line 9486 (wfb::area bangladesh comparative_area "slightly smaller than Wisconsin" );; line 9488 (wfb::borders bangladesh total (* 4246 km) );; line 9492 (wfb::borders bangladesh burma (* 193 km) );; line 9492 (wfb::borders bangladesh india (* 4053 km) );; line 9492 (wfb::coastline bangladesh (* 580 km) );; line 9496 (wfb::maritime_claims bangladesh contiguous_zone (* 18 nm) );; line 9501 (wfb::maritime_claims bangladesh exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 9505 (wfb::maritime_claims bangladesh territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 9507 (wfb::international_disputes bangladesh "a portion of the boundary with India is in dispute" );; line 9511 (wfb::international_disputes bangladesh "water-sharing problems with upstream riparian India over the Ganges" );; line 9511 (wfb::climate bangladesh "tropical" );; line 9516 (wfb::climate bangladesh "cool, dry winter (October to March)" );; line 9516 (wfb::climate bangladesh "hot, humid summer (March to June)" );; line 9516 (wfb::climate bangladesh "cool, rainy monsoon (June to October)" );; line 9516 (wfb::terrain bangladesh "mostly flat alluvial plain" );; line 9521 (wfb::terrain bangladesh "hilly in southeast" );; line 9521 (wfb::natural-resource bangladesh natural_gas );; line 9525 (wfb::natural-resource bangladesh arable_land );; line 9525 (wfb::natural-resource bangladesh timber );; line 9525 (wfb::land_use bangladesh arable_land (* 67 %) );; line 9530 (wfb::land_use bangladesh permanent_crops (* 2 %) );; line 9532 (wfb::land_use bangladesh meadows_and_pastures (* 4 %) );; line 9534 (wfb::land_use bangladesh forest_and_woodland (* 16 %) );; line 9536 (wfb::land_use bangladesh other (* 11 %) );; line 9538 (wfb::measurement-date irrigated_land bangladesh date_1989 );; line 9542 (wfb::irrigated_land bangladesh (* 27380 sq_km) );; line 9542 (wfb::environment bangladesh current_issues "many people are landless and forced to live on and cultivate flood-prone land" );; line 9547 (wfb::environment bangladesh current_issues "limited access to potable water" );; line 9547 (wfb::environment bangladesh current_issues "water-borne diseases prevalent" );; line 9547 (wfb::environment bangladesh current_issues "water pollution especially of fishing areas results from the use of commercial pesticides" );; line 9547 (wfb::environment bangladesh current_issues "intermittent water shortages because of falling water tables in the northern and central parts of the country" );; line 9547 (wfb::environment bangladesh current_issues "soil degradation" );; line 9547 (wfb::environment bangladesh current_issues "deforestation" );; line 9547 (wfb::environment bangladesh current_issues "severe overpopulation" );; line 9547 (wfb::environment bangladesh natural_hazards "droughts, cyclones" );; line 9554 (wfb::environment bangladesh natural_hazards "much of the country routinely flooded during the summer monsoon season" );; line 9554 (wfb::environment bangladesh international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands" );; line 9557 (wfb::environment bangladesh international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Desertification, Law of the Sea" );; line 9557 (wfb::estimation-date population bangladesh date_jul_1995 );; line 9565 (wfb::population bangladesh 128094948 );; line 9565 (wfb::age_structure bangladesh 0-14_years (* 40 %) );; line 9570 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex bangladesh 0-14_years female 25195262 );; line 9570 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex bangladesh 0-14_years male 26352299 );; line 9570 (wfb::age_structure bangladesh 15-64_years (* 57 %) );; line 9572 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex bangladesh 15-64_years female 34862105 );; line 9572 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex bangladesh 15-64_years male 37867705 );; line 9572 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure bangladesh 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 9574 (wfb::age_structure bangladesh 65_years_and_over (* 3 %) );; line 9574 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex bangladesh 65_years_and_over female 1761336 );; line 9574 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex bangladesh 65_years_and_over male 2056241 );; line 9574 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate bangladesh date_1995 );; line 9578 (wfb::population_growth_rate bangladesh (* 2.32 %) );; line 9578 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate bangladesh date_1995 );; line 9582 (wfb::birth_rate bangladesh (* 34.62 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 9582 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate bangladesh date_1995 );; line 9586 (wfb::death_rate bangladesh (* 11.43 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 9586 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate bangladesh date_1995 );; line 9590 (wfb::net_migration_rate bangladesh (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 9590 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate bangladesh date_1995 );; line 9594 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate bangladesh (* 104.6 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 9594 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth bangladesh total_population (* 55.46 years) );; line 9599 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth bangladesh male (* 55.69 years) );; line 9601 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth bangladesh female date_1995 );; line 9603 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth bangladesh female (* 55.22 years) );; line 9603 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate bangladesh date_1995 );; line 9607 (wfb::total_fertility_rate bangladesh (* 4.39 children_born/woman) );; line 9607 (wfb::nationality bangladesh noun "Bangladeshi(s)" );; line 9612 (wfb::nationality bangladesh adjective "Bangladesh" );; line 9614 (wfb::ethnic-entity bangladesh bengali (* 98 %) );; line 9618 (wfb::ethnic-entity bangladesh |Biharis 250,000| n/a );; line 9618 (wfb::ethnic-entity bangladesh tribals_less_than_1_million n/a );; line 9618 (wfb::religion bangladesh muslim (* 83 %) );; line 9622 (wfb::religion bangladesh hindu (* 16 %) );; line 9622 (wfb::religion bangladesh buddhist n/a );; line 9622 (wfb::religion bangladesh christian n/a );; line 9622 (wfb::language bangladesh bangla n/a );; line 9626 (wfb::comment language bangladesh bangla "official" );; line 9626 (wfb::language bangladesh english n/a );; line 9626 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition bangladesh date_1990 );; line 9630 (wfb::literacy-condition bangladesh "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 9630 (wfb::literacy bangladesh total_population (* 35 %) );; line 9632 (wfb::literacy bangladesh male (* 47 %) );; line 9634 (wfb::literacy bangladesh female (* 22 %) );; line 9636 (wfb::total_labor_force bangladesh 50.1e6 );; line 9640 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force bangladesh by_occupation date_1989 );; line 9642 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1989 );; line 9642 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation bangladesh agriculture (* 65 %) );; line 9642 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation bangladesh services (* 21 %) );; line 9642 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation bangladesh industry_and_mining (* 14 %) );; line 9642 (wfb::comment labor_force bangladesh "extensive export of labor to Saudi Arabia, UAE, and Oman (1991)" );; line 9644 (wfb::names bangladesh conventional_long_form "People's Republic of Bangladesh" );; line 9650 (wfb::names bangladesh conventional_short_form "Bangladesh" );; line 9652 (wfb::names bangladesh former "East Pakistan" );; line 9654 (wfb::digraph bangladesh "BG" );; line 9658 (wfb::type bangladesh "republic" );; line 9662 (wfb::capital bangladesh dhaka-bangladesh );; line 9666 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_bangladesh_divisions "divisions" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 9670 (wfb::administrative_divisions bangladesh adm_div_bangladesh_divisions 4 );; line 9670 (wfb::administrative_division_of bangladesh adm_div_bangladesh_divisions "Chittagong" );; line 9670 (wfb::administrative_division_of bangladesh adm_div_bangladesh_divisions "Dhaka" );; line 9670 (wfb::administrative_division_of bangladesh adm_div_bangladesh_divisions "Khulna" );; line 9670 (wfb::administrative_division_of bangladesh adm_div_bangladesh_divisions "Rajshahi" );; line 9670 (wfb::independence bangladesh date_16_dec_1971 "Pakistan" );; line 9674 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1971 );; line 9678 (wfb::comment national_holiday bangladesh "1971" );; line 9678 (wfb::national_holiday bangladesh "Independence Day" date_26_mar );; line 9678 (wfb::constitution bangladesh "4 November 1972, effective 16 December 1972, suspended following coup of 24 March 1982, restored 10 November 1986, amended many times" );; line 9682 (wfb::legal_system bangladesh "based on English common law" );; line 9687 (wfb::comment suffrage bangladesh " universal" );; line 9691 (wfb::suffrage bangladesh (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 9691 (wfb::comment executive_branch bangladesh chief_of_state "election last held 8 October 1991 (next to be held by NA October 1996)" );; line 9696 (wfb::comment executive_branch bangladesh chief_of_state "results - Abdur Rahman BISWAS received 52.1% of parliamentary vote" );; line 9696 (wfb::executive_branch bangladesh chief_of_state "President Abdur Rahman BISWAS " date_8_oct_1991 );; line 9696 (wfb::executive_branch bangladesh head_of_government "Prime Minister Khaleda ZIAur RAHMAN " date_20_mar_1991 );; line 9700 (wfb::comment executive_branch bangladesh cabinet "appointed by the president" );; line 9702 (wfb::executive_branch bangladesh cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 9702 (wfb::legislative_structure bangladesh unicameral n/a );; line 9706 (wfb::legislative_branch bangladesh "National Parliament (Jatiya Sangsad)" "elections last held 27 February 1991 (next to be held by February 1996); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (330 total, 300 elected and 30 seats reserved for women) BNP 168, AL 93, JP 35, JI 20, BCP 5, National Awami Party (Muzaffar) 1, Workers Party 1, JSD 1, Ganotantri Party 1, Islami Oikya Jote 1, NDP 1, independents 3" );; line 9708 (wfb::judicial_branch bangladesh "Supreme Court" );; line 9716 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders bangladesh "Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP), Khaleda ZIAur RAHMAN; Awami League (AL), Sheikh Hasina WAJED; Jatiyo Party (JP), Hussain Mohammad ERSHAD (in jail); Jamaat-E-Islami (JI), Ali KHAN; Bangladesh Communist Party (BCP), Saifuddin Ahmed MANIK; National Awami Party (Muzaffar); Workers Party, leader NA; Jatiyo Samajtantik Dal (JSD), Serajul ALAM KHAN; Ganotantri Party, leader NA; Islami Oikya Jote, leader NA; National Democratic Party (NDP), leader NA; Muslim League, Khan A. SABUR; Democratic League, Khondakar MUSHTAQUE Ahmed; Democratic League, Khondakar MUSHTAQUE Ahmed; United People's Party, Kazi ZAFAR Ahmed" );; line 9720 (wfb::member_of bangladesh asdb );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh c );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh ccc );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh cp );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh escap );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh fao );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh g-77 );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh gatt );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh iaea );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh ibrd );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh icao );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh icftu );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh icrm );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh ida );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh idb );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh ifad );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh ifc );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh ifrcs );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh ilo );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh imf );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh imo );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh inmarsat );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh intelsat );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh interpol );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh ioc );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh iom );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh iso );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh itu );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh minurso );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh nam );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh oic );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh saarc );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh un );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh unamir );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh unctad );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh unesco );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh unido );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh unikom );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh unomig );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh unomil );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh unomoz );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh unomur );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh unosom );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh unprofor );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh unu );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh upu );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh wcl );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh wftu );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh who );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh wipo );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh wmo );; line 9732 (wfb::member_of bangladesh wto );; line 9732 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us bangladesh chief_of_mission "Ambassador Humayun KABIR" );; line 9741 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us bangladesh chancery "2201 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20007" );; line 9743 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us bangladesh telephone "[1] (202) 342-8372 through 8376" );; line 9745 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us bangladesh |consulate(s) general| "New York" );; line 9747 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation bangladesh chief_of_mission "Ambassador David N. MERRILL" );; line 9752 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation bangladesh embassy "Diplomatic Enclave, Madani Avenue, Baridhara, Dhaka" );; line 9754 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation bangladesh mailing_address "G. P. O. Box 323, Dhaka 1212" );; line 9756 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation bangladesh telephone "[880] (2) 884700 through 884722" );; line 9758 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation bangladesh fax "[880] (2) 883-744" );; line 9760 (wfb::flag bangladesh "green with a large red disk slightly to the hoist side of center; green is the traditional color of Islam" );; line 9764 (wfb::overview bangladesh "Despite sustained domestic and international efforts to improve economic and demographic prospects, Bangladesh remains one of the world's poorest, most densely populated, and least developed nations. Its economy is overwhelmingly agricultural, with the cultivation of rice the single most important activity in the economy. Major impediments to growth include frequent cyclones and floods, the inefficiency of state-owned enterprises, a rapidly growing labor force that cannot be absorbed by agriculture, delays in exploiting energy resources (natural gas), and inadequate power supplies. Excellent rice crops and expansion of the export garment industry led to real growth of 4% in 1992 and again in 1993. Policy measures intended to reduce government regulation of private industry, to curb population growth, and to expand employment opportunities have had only partial success given the serious nature of Bangladesh's basic problems." );; line 9770 (wfb::estimation-date national_product bangladesh date_1994 );; line 9786 (wfb::national_product bangladesh (* 130.1e9 $) );; line 9786 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate bangladesh date_1994 );; line 9790 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate bangladesh (* 4.5 %) );; line 9790 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita bangladesh date_1994 );; line 9794 (wfb::national_product_per_capita bangladesh (* 1040 $) );; line 9794 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| bangladesh "4.3% (1992 est.)" );; line 9798 (wfb::unemployment_rate bangladesh (* n/a %) );; line 9802 (wfb::budget bangladesh revenues (* 2.8e9 $) );; line 9807 (wfb::for-fiscal-year budget bangladesh 92 );; line 9809 (wfb::budget bangladesh expenditures (* 4.1e9 $) );; line 9809 (wfb::budget bangladesh capital_expenditures (* 1.8e9 $) );; line 9809 (wfb::measurement-date exports bangladesh date_1993 );; line 9814 (wfb::exports bangladesh (* 2.38e9 $) );; line 9814 (wfb::exports bangladesh commodities garments n/a );; line 9816 (wfb::exports bangladesh commodities jute_and_jute_goods n/a );; line 9816 (wfb::exports bangladesh commodities leather n/a );; line 9816 (wfb::exports bangladesh commodities shrimp n/a );; line 9816 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year exports bangladesh 91 );; line 9818 (wfb::comment exports bangladesh partners "Germany 8.4%, Italy 6%" );; line 9818 (wfb::exports bangladesh partners us (* 33 %) );; line 9818 (wfb::exports bangladesh partners western_europe (* 39 %) );; line 9818 (wfb::measurement-date imports bangladesh date_1993 );; line 9823 (wfb::imports bangladesh (* 3.99e9 $) );; line 9823 (wfb::imports bangladesh commodities capital_goods n/a );; line 9825 (wfb::imports bangladesh commodities petroleum-commodity n/a );; line 9825 (wfb::imports bangladesh commodities food n/a );; line 9825 (wfb::imports bangladesh commodities textiles-commodity n/a );; line 9825 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year imports bangladesh 91 );; line 9827 (wfb::imports bangladesh partners hong_kong (* 7.5 %) );; line 9827 (wfb::imports bangladesh partners singapore (* 7.4 %) );; line 9827 (wfb::imports bangladesh partners china (* 7.4 %) );; line 9827 (wfb::imports bangladesh partners japan (* 7.1 %) );; line 9827 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt bangladesh date_jun_1993 );; line 9832 (wfb::external_debt bangladesh (* 13.5e9 $) );; line 9832 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year industrial_production 92 );; line 9836 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year industrial_production bangladesh 92 );; line 9836 (wfb::industrial_production bangladesh growth_rate (* 6.9 %) );; line 9836 (wfb::industrial_production bangladesh accounts_for (* 9.4 %_of_gdp) );; line 9836 (wfb::electricity bangladesh capacity (* 2740000 kw) );; line 9841 (wfb::electricity bangladesh production (* 9.2e9 kwh) );; line 9843 (wfb::measurement-date electricity bangladesh consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 9845 (wfb::electricity bangladesh consumption_per_capita (* 70 kwh) );; line 9845 (wfb::industry bangladesh jute_manufacturing );; line 9849 (wfb::industry bangladesh cotton_textiles );; line 9849 (wfb::industry bangladesh food_processing );; line 9849 (wfb::industry bangladesh steel );; line 9849 (wfb::industry bangladesh fertilizer );; line 9849 (wfb::agriculture bangladesh "accounts for 33% of GDP, 65% of employment, and one-fifth of exports; world's largest exporter of jute; commercial products - jute, rice, wheat, tea, sugarcane, potatoes, beef, milk, poultry; shortages include wheat, vegetable oils, cotton" );; line 9854 (wfb::illicit_drugs bangladesh "transit country for illegal drugs produced in neighboring countries" );; line 9861 (wfb::economic_aid bangladesh recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $3.4 billion; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1980-89), $11.65 million; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $6.52 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $1.5 billion" );; line 9867 (wfb::abbreviation taka "Tk" );; line 9874 (wfb::currency bangladesh taka 100 poiska );; line 9874 (wfb::exchange_rates bangladesh "taka (Tk) per US$1 - 40.250 (January 1995), 40.212 (1994), 39.567 (1993), 38.951 (1992), 36.596 (1991), 34.569 (1990)" );; line 9878 (wfb::fiscal_year bangladesh date_1_jul date_30_jun );; line 9883 (wfb::railroads bangladesh total "2,892 km" );; line 9889 (wfb::railroads bangladesh broad_gauge "978 km 1.676-m gauge" );; line 9891 (wfb::railroads bangladesh narrow_gauge "1,914 km 1.000-m gauge (1992)" );; line 9893 (wfb::highways bangladesh total (* 7240 km) );; line 9898 (wfb::highways bangladesh paved (* 3840 km) );; line 9900 (wfb::measurement-date highways bangladesh date_1985 );; line 9902 (wfb::inland_waterways bangladesh "5,150-8,046 km navigable waterways (includes 2,575-3,058 km main cargo routes)" );; line 9906 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 1220 km) );; line 9911 (wfb::port bangladesh barisal-bangladesh );; line 9915 (wfb::port bangladesh chandpur-bangladesh );; line 9915 (wfb::port bangladesh chittagong-bangladesh );; line 9915 (wfb::port bangladesh |Cox's Bazar-bangladesh| );; line 9915 (wfb::port bangladesh dacca-bangladesh );; line 9915 (wfb::port bangladesh khulna-bangladesh );; line 9915 (wfb::port bangladesh mongla-bangladesh );; line 9915 (wfb::comment port bangladesh mongla-bangladesh "includes Chalna" );; line 9915 (wfb::port bangladesh narayanganj-bangladesh );; line 9915 (wfb::merchant_marine bangladesh total "38 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 293,304 GRT/428,013 DWT" );; line 9921 (wfb::merchant_marine bangladesh ships_by_type "bulk 2, cargo 31, oil tanker 2, refrigerated cargo 3" );; line 9923 (wfb::airports bangladesh total 16 );; line 9928 (wfb::airports bangladesh |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 2 );; line 9930 (wfb::airports bangladesh |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 2 );; line 9932 (wfb::airports bangladesh |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 4 );; line 9934 (wfb::airports bangladesh |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 9936 (wfb::airports bangladesh with_paved_runways_under_914_m 7 );; line 9938 (wfb::telephone_system bangladesh "241,250 telephones; 1 telephone/522 persons; poor domestic telephone service" );; line 9943 (wfb::telephone_system bangladesh local "NA" );; line 9946 (wfb::telephone_system bangladesh intercity "NA" );; line 9948 (wfb::telephone_system bangladesh international "2 INTELSAT (Indian Ocean) earth stations; adequate international radio communications and landline service" );; line 9950 (wfb::radio bangladesh broadcast_stations am 9 );; line 9956 (wfb::radio bangladesh broadcast_stations fm 6 );; line 9956 (wfb::radio bangladesh broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 9956 (wfb::radio bangladesh radios n/a );; line 9958 (wfb::television bangladesh broadcast_stations 11 );; line 9963 (wfb::television bangladesh televisions n/a );; line 9965 (wfb::defense_branch bangladesh army_bangladesh );; line 9971 (wfb::defense_branch bangladesh navy_bangladesh );; line 9971 (wfb::defense_branch bangladesh air_force_bangladesh );; line 9971 (wfb::manpower_availability bangladesh "males age 15-49 33,039,035; males fit for military service 19,607,817 (1995 est.)" );; line 9978 (wfb::for-fiscal-year defense_expenditures bangladesh 93 );; line 9983 (wfb::defense_expenditures bangladesh (* 448e6 $) );; line 9983 (wfb::defense_expenditures bangladesh (* 1.7 %_of_gdp) );; line 9983 (wfb::markup-parameter figure barbados "graphno=\"bb.tif\"" );; line 9989 (wfb::location barbados "Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, northeast of Venezuela" );; line 9993 (wfb::map_references barbados "Central America and the Caribbean" );; line 9998 (wfb::area barbados total_area (* 430 sq_km) );; line 10003 (wfb::area barbados land_area (* 430 sq_km) );; line 10005 (wfb::area barbados comparative_area "slightly less than 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 10007 (wfb::coastline barbados (* 97 km) );; line 10015 (wfb::maritime_claims barbados exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 10020 (wfb::maritime_claims barbados territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 10022 (wfb::international_disputes barbados "none" );; line 10026 (wfb::climate barbados "tropical" );; line 10030 (wfb::climate barbados "rainy season (June to October)" );; line 10030 (wfb::terrain barbados "relatively flat" );; line 10034 (wfb::terrain barbados "rises gently to central highland region" );; line 10034 (wfb::natural-resource barbados petroleum );; line 10038 (wfb::natural-resource barbados fishing );; line 10038 (wfb::natural-resource barbados natural_gas );; line 10038 (wfb::land_use barbados arable_land (* 77 %) );; line 10043 (wfb::land_use barbados permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 10045 (wfb::land_use barbados meadows_and_pastures (* 9 %) );; line 10047 (wfb::land_use barbados forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 10049 (wfb::land_use barbados other (* 14 %) );; line 10051 (wfb::irrigated_land barbados (* n/a sq_km) );; line 10055 (wfb::environment barbados current_issues "pollution of coastal waters from waste disposal by ships" );; line 10060 (wfb::environment barbados current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 10060 (wfb::environment barbados current_issues "illegal solid waste disposal threatens contamination of aquifers" );; line 10060 (wfb::environment barbados natural_hazards "hurricanes (especially June to October)" );; line 10063 (wfb::environment barbados natural_hazards "periodic landslides" );; line 10063 (wfb::environment barbados international_agreements "party to - Climate Change, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution" );; line 10065 (wfb::environment barbados international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity" );; line 10065 (wfb::note barbados "easternmost Caribbean island" );; line 10071 (wfb::estimation-date population barbados date_jul_1995 );; line 10077 (wfb::population barbados 256395 );; line 10077 (wfb::age_structure barbados 0-14_years (* 24 %) );; line 10082 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex barbados 0-14_years female 30175 );; line 10082 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex barbados 0-14_years male 31507 );; line 10082 (wfb::age_structure barbados 15-64_years (* 66 %) );; line 10084 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex barbados 15-64_years female 86103 );; line 10084 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex barbados 15-64_years male 82727 );; line 10084 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure barbados 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 10086 (wfb::age_structure barbados 65_years_and_over (* 10 %) );; line 10086 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex barbados 65_years_and_over female 15849 );; line 10086 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex barbados 65_years_and_over male 10034 );; line 10086 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate barbados date_1995 );; line 10090 (wfb::population_growth_rate barbados (* 0.24 %) );; line 10090 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate barbados date_1995 );; line 10094 (wfb::birth_rate barbados (* 15.45 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 10094 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate barbados date_1995 );; line 10098 (wfb::death_rate barbados (* 8.27 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 10098 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate barbados date_1995 );; line 10102 (wfb::net_migration_rate barbados (* -4.82 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 10102 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate barbados date_1995 );; line 10106 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate barbados (* 19.2 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 10106 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth barbados total_population (* 74.16 years) );; line 10111 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth barbados male (* 71.47 years) );; line 10113 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth barbados female date_1995 );; line 10115 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth barbados female (* 77.06 years) );; line 10115 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate barbados date_1995 );; line 10119 (wfb::total_fertility_rate barbados (* 1.78 children_born/woman) );; line 10119 (wfb::nationality barbados noun "Barbadian(s)" );; line 10124 (wfb::nationality barbados adjective "Barbadian" );; line 10126 (wfb::ethnic-entity barbados african (* 80 %) );; line 10130 (wfb::ethnic-entity barbados european (* 4 %) );; line 10130 (wfb::measurement-date religion date_1980 );; line 10134 (wfb::comment religion "Anglican 40%, Pentecostal 8%, Methodist 7%, other 12%" );; line 10134 (wfb::religion barbados protestant (* 67 %) );; line 10134 (wfb::religion barbados roman_catholic (* 4 %) );; line 10134 (wfb::religion barbados unknown (* 3 %) );; line 10134 (wfb::language barbados english n/a );; line 10139 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition barbados date_1970 );; line 10143 (wfb::literacy-condition barbados "age 15 and over has ever attended school" );; line 10143 (wfb::literacy barbados total_population (* 99 %) );; line 10145 (wfb::literacy barbados male (* 99 %) );; line 10147 (wfb::literacy barbados female (* 99 %) );; line 10149 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force barbados date_1992 );; line 10153 (wfb::total_labor_force barbados 124800 );; line 10153 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force barbados by_occupation date_1992 );; line 10155 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1992 );; line 10155 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation barbados services_and_government (* 41 %) );; line 10155 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation barbados commerce (* 15 %) );; line 10155 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation barbados manufacturing_and_construction (* 18 %) );; line 10155 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation barbados transportation n/a );; line 10155 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation barbados storage n/a );; line 10155 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation barbados communications n/a );; line 10155 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation barbados financial_institutions (* 8 %) );; line 10155 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation barbados agriculture (* 6 %) );; line 10155 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation barbados utilities (* 2 %) );; line 10155 (wfb::names barbados conventional_short_form "Barbados" );; line 10165 (wfb::digraph barbados "BB" );; line 10169 (wfb::type barbados "parliamentary democracy" );; line 10173 (wfb::capital barbados bridgetown-barbados );; line 10177 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_barbados_parishes "parishes" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 10181 (wfb::administrative_divisions barbados adm_div_barbados_parishes 11 );; line 10181 (wfb::administrative_division_of barbados adm_div_barbados_parishes "Christ Church" );; line 10181 (wfb::administrative_division_of barbados adm_div_barbados_parishes "Saint Andrew" );; line 10181 (wfb::administrative_division_of barbados adm_div_barbados_parishes "Saint George" );; line 10181 (wfb::administrative_division_of barbados adm_div_barbados_parishes "Saint James" );; line 10181 (wfb::administrative_division_of barbados adm_div_barbados_parishes "Saint John" );; line 10181 (wfb::administrative_division_of barbados adm_div_barbados_parishes "Saint Joseph" );; line 10181 (wfb::administrative_division_of barbados adm_div_barbados_parishes "Saint Lucy" );; line 10181 (wfb::administrative_division_of barbados adm_div_barbados_parishes "Saint Michael" );; line 10181 (wfb::administrative_division_of barbados adm_div_barbados_parishes "Saint Peter" );; line 10181 (wfb::administrative_division_of barbados adm_div_barbados_parishes "Saint Philip" );; line 10181 (wfb::administrative_division_of barbados adm_div_barbados_parishes "Saint Thomas" );; line 10181 (wfb::comment administrative_divisions barbados "the new city of Bridgetown may be given parish status" );; line 10185 (wfb::independence barbados date_30_nov_1966 "UK" );; line 10189 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1966 );; line 10193 (wfb::comment national_holiday barbados "1966" );; line 10193 (wfb::national_holiday barbados "Independence Day" date_30_nov );; line 10193 (wfb::constitution barbados "30 November 1966" );; line 10197 (wfb::legal_system barbados "English common law; no judicial review of legislative acts" );; line 10201 (wfb::comment suffrage barbados " universal" );; line 10205 (wfb::suffrage barbados (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 10205 (wfb::comment executive_branch barbados head_of_government "Deputy Prime Minister Billie MILLER (since 6 September 1994)" );; line 10213 (wfb::executive_branch barbados head_of_government "Prime Minister Owen Seymour ARTHUR " date_6_sep_1994 );; line 10213 (wfb::comment executive_branch barbados cabinet "appointed by the governor general on advice of the prime minister" );; line 10216 (wfb::executive_branch barbados cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 10216 (wfb::legislative_structure barbados bicameral "Parliament" );; line 10221 (wfb::legislative_branch barbados "Senate" "consists of a 21-member body appointed by the governor general" );; line 10223 (wfb::legislative_branch barbados "House of Assembly" "election last held 6 September 1994 (next to be held by January 1999); results - percentage vote by party NA; seats - (28 total) DLP 8, BLP 19, NDP 1" );; line 10225 (wfb::judicial_branch barbados "Supreme Court of Judicature" );; line 10231 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders barbados "Democratic Labor Party (DLP),David THOMPSON; Barbados Labor Party (BLP), Owen ARTHUR; National Democratic Party (NDP), Richard HAYNES" );; line 10235 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups barbados "Barbados Workers Union, Leroy TROTMAN; People's Progressive Movement, Eric SEALY; Workers' Party of Barbados, Dr. George BELLE; Clement Payne Labor Union, David COMMISSIONG" );; line 10240 (wfb::member_of barbados acp );; line 10246 (wfb::member_of barbados c );; line 10246 (wfb::member_of barbados caricom );; line 10246 (wfb::member_of barbados cdb );; line 10246 (wfb::member_of barbados eclac );; line 10246 (wfb::member_of barbados fao );; line 10246 (wfb::member_of barbados g-77 );; line 10246 (wfb::member_of barbados gatt );; line 10246 (wfb::member_of barbados iadb );; line 10246 (wfb::member_of barbados ibrd );; line 10246 (wfb::member_of barbados icao );; line 10246 (wfb::member_of barbados icftu );; line 10246 (wfb::member_of barbados icrm );; line 10246 (wfb::member_of barbados ifad );; line 10246 (wfb::member_of barbados ifc );; line 10246 (wfb::member_of barbados ifrcs );; line 10246 (wfb::member_of barbados ilo );; line 10246 (wfb::member_of barbados imf );; line 10246 (wfb::member_of barbados imo );; line 10246 (wfb::member_of barbados intelsat );; line 10246 (wfb::member_of barbados interpol );; line 10246 (wfb::member_of barbados ioc );; line 10246 (wfb::member_of barbados iso );; line 10246 (wfb::comment member_of barbados iso "correspondent" );; line 10246 (wfb::member_of barbados itu );; line 10246 (wfb::member_of barbados laes );; line 10246 (wfb::member_of barbados nam );; line 10246 (wfb::member_of barbados oas );; line 10246 (wfb::member_of barbados opanal );; line 10246 (wfb::member_of barbados un );; line 10246 (wfb::member_of barbados unctad );; line 10246 (wfb::member_of barbados unesco );; line 10246 (wfb::member_of barbados unido );; line 10246 (wfb::member_of barbados upu );; line 10246 (wfb::member_of barbados who );; line 10246 (wfb::member_of barbados wipo );; line 10246 (wfb::member_of barbados wmo );; line 10246 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us barbados chief_of_mission "Ambassador Courtney BLACKMAN" );; line 10254 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us barbados chancery "2144 Wyoming Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 10256 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us barbados telephone "[1] (202) 939-9218, 9219" );; line 10258 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us barbados fax "[1] (202) 332-7467" );; line 10260 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us barbados |consulate(s) general| "Miami and New York" );; line 10262 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us barbados |consulate(s)| "Los Angeles" );; line 10264 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation barbados chief_of_mission "Ambassador Jeanette W. HYDE" );; line 10269 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation barbados embassy "Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce Building, Broad Street, Bridgetown" );; line 10271 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation barbados mailing_address "P. O. Box 302, Bridgetown; FPO AA 34055" );; line 10274 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation barbados telephone "[1] (809) 436-4950" );; line 10276 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation barbados fax "[1] (809) 429-5246" );; line 10278 (wfb::flag barbados "three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, and blue with the head of a black trident centered on the gold band; the trident head represents independence and a break with the past (the colonial coat of arms contained a complete trident)" );; line 10282 (wfb::overview barbados "A per capita income of $9,200 gives Barbados one of the highest standards of living of all the small island states of the eastern Caribbean. Historically, the economy was based on the cultivation of sugarcane and related activities. In recent years, however, the economy has diversified into manufacturing and tourism. A moderate recovery that began in late 1993 after 3 years of contraction is mainly due to increased tourism and expansion in the construction sector. Economic prospects for 1995 depend mostly on continued growth in the industrialized countries, especially in Europe, which would spur further expansion in tourism." );; line 10290 (wfb::estimation-date national_product barbados date_1994 );; line 10302 (wfb::national_product barbados (* 2.4e9 $) );; line 10302 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate barbados date_1994 );; line 10306 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate barbados (* 3 %) );; line 10306 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita barbados date_1994 );; line 10310 (wfb::national_product_per_capita barbados (* 9200 $) );; line 10310 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| barbados "2% (1994 est.)" );; line 10314 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate barbados date_1994 );; line 10318 (wfb::unemployment_rate barbados (* 20.5 %) );; line 10318 (wfb::budget barbados revenues (* 509e6 $) );; line 10323 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year budget barbados 94 );; line 10325 (wfb::budget barbados expenditures (* 636e6 $) );; line 10325 (wfb::budget barbados capital_expenditures (* 86e6 $) );; line 10325 (wfb::exports barbados (* 161e6 $) );; line 10330 (wfb::exports barbados commodities sugar_and_molasses n/a );; line 10332 (wfb::exports barbados commodities rum n/a );; line 10332 (wfb::exports barbados commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 10332 (wfb::exports barbados commodities electrical_components n/a );; line 10332 (wfb::exports barbados commodities clothing-commodity n/a );; line 10332 (wfb::exports barbados partners us (* 13 %) );; line 10335 (wfb::exports barbados partners uk (* 10 %) );; line 10335 (wfb::exports barbados partners trinidad_and_tobago (* 9 %) );; line 10335 (wfb::exports barbados partners windward_islands (* 8 %) );; line 10335 (wfb::imports barbados (* 703e6 $) );; line 10339 (wfb::imports barbados commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 10341 (wfb::imports barbados commodities machinery n/a );; line 10341 (wfb::imports barbados commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 10341 (wfb::imports barbados commodities construction_materials n/a );; line 10341 (wfb::imports barbados commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 10341 (wfb::imports barbados commodities fuel n/a );; line 10341 (wfb::imports barbados commodities electrical_components n/a );; line 10341 (wfb::imports barbados partners us (* 36 %) );; line 10344 (wfb::imports barbados partners uk (* 11 %) );; line 10344 (wfb::imports barbados partners trinidad_and_tobago (* 11 %) );; line 10344 (wfb::imports barbados partners japan (* 3 %) );; line 10344 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt barbados date_1991 );; line 10348 (wfb::external_debt barbados (* 652e6 $) );; line 10348 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year industrial_production 93 );; line 10352 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year industrial_production barbados 93 );; line 10352 (wfb::industrial_production barbados growth_rate (* 2 %) );; line 10352 (wfb::electricity barbados capacity (* 152100 kw) );; line 10357 (wfb::electricity barbados production (* 510e6 kwh) );; line 10359 (wfb::measurement-date electricity barbados consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 10361 (wfb::electricity barbados consumption_per_capita (* 1841 kwh) );; line 10361 (wfb::industry barbados tourism );; line 10365 (wfb::industry barbados sugar );; line 10365 (wfb::industry barbados light_manufacturing );; line 10365 (wfb::industry barbados component_assembly_for_export );; line 10365 (wfb::agriculture barbados "accounts for 6% of GDP; major cash crop is sugarcane; other crops - vegetables, cotton; not self-sufficient in food" );; line 10370 (wfb::illicit_drugs barbados "one of many Caribbean transshipment points for narcotics bound for the US and Europe" );; line 10375 (wfb::economic_aid barbados recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $15 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $171 million" );; line 10381 (wfb::abbreviation barbadian_dollar "Bds$" );; line 10386 (wfb::currency barbados barbadian_dollar 100 cents );; line 10386 (wfb::exchange_rates barbados "Barbadian dollars (Bds$) per US$1 - 2.0113 (fixed rate)" );; line 10390 (wfb::fiscal_year barbados date_1_apr date_31_mar );; line 10394 (wfb::railroads barbados "0 km" );; line 10399 (wfb::highways barbados total (* 1570 km) );; line 10404 (wfb::highways barbados paved (* 1475 km) );; line 10406 (wfb::highways barbados (union gravel earth ) (* 95 km) );; line 10408 (wfb::port barbados bridgetown-barbados );; line 10412 (wfb::merchant_marine barbados total "12 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 61,563 GRT/103,632 DWT" );; line 10417 (wfb::merchant_marine barbados ships_by_type "bulk 4, cargo 6, oil tanker 2" );; line 10419 (wfb::airports barbados total 1 );; line 10424 (wfb::airports barbados |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 10426 (wfb::telephone_system barbados "89,000 telephones" );; line 10431 (wfb::telephone_system barbados local "island wide automatic telephone system;" );; line 10433 (wfb::telephone_system barbados intercity "NA" );; line 10435 (wfb::telephone_system barbados international "1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station; tropospheric scatter link to Trinidad and Saint Lucia" );; line 10437 (wfb::radio barbados broadcast_stations am 3 );; line 10443 (wfb::radio barbados broadcast_stations fm 2 );; line 10443 (wfb::radio barbados broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 10443 (wfb::radio barbados radios n/a );; line 10445 (wfb::comment television barbados broadcast_stations "1 pay" );; line 10450 (wfb::television barbados broadcast_stations 2 );; line 10450 (wfb::television barbados televisions n/a );; line 10452 (wfb::comment defense_branch barbados royal_barbados_defense_force_barbados "includes the Ground Forces and Coast Guard" );; line 10458 (wfb::defense_branch barbados royal_barbados_defense_force_barbados );; line 10458 (wfb::defense_branch barbados royal_barbados_police_force_barbados );; line 10458 (wfb::manpower_availability barbados "males age 15-49 71,153; males fit for military service 49,488 (1995 est.)" );; line 10463 (wfb::defense_expenditures barbados (* n/a $) );; line 10468 (wfb::defense_expenditures barbados (* n/a %_of_gdp) );; line 10468 (wfb::markup-parameter figure bassas_da_india "graphno=\"bs.tif\"" );; line 10474 (wfb::header bassas_da_india "(possession of France)" );; line 10474 (wfb::location bassas_da_india "Southern Africa, islands in the southern Mozambique Channel, about one-half of the way from Madagascar to Mozambique" );; line 10478 (wfb::map_references bassas_da_india "Africa" );; line 10483 (wfb::area bassas_da_india comparative_area "NA" );; line 10492 (wfb::coastline bassas_da_india (* 35.2 km) );; line 10500 (wfb::maritime_claims bassas_da_india exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 10505 (wfb::maritime_claims bassas_da_india territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 10507 (wfb::international_disputes bassas_da_india "claimed by Madagascar" );; line 10511 (wfb::climate bassas_da_india "tropical" );; line 10515 (wfb::terrain bassas_da_india "a volcanic rock 2.4 meters high" );; line 10519 (wfb::land_use bassas_da_india arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 10528 (wfb::land_use bassas_da_india permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 10530 (wfb::land_use bassas_da_india meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 10532 (wfb::land_use bassas_da_india forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 10534 (wfb::comment land_use bassas_da_india other "all rock" );; line 10536 (wfb::land_use bassas_da_india other (* 100 %) );; line 10536 (wfb::irrigated_land bassas_da_india (* 0 sq_km) );; line 10540 (wfb::environment bassas_da_india current_issues "NA" );; line 10545 (wfb::environment bassas_da_india natural_hazards "maritime hazard since it is usually under water during high tide and surrounded by reefs" );; line 10547 (wfb::environment bassas_da_india natural_hazards "subject to periodic cyclones" );; line 10547 (wfb::environment bassas_da_india international_agreements "NA" );; line 10550 (wfb::names bassas_da_india conventional_short_form "Bassas da India" );; line 10564 (wfb::digraph bassas_da_india "BS" );; line 10568 (wfb::type bassas_da_india "French possession administered by a Commissioner of the Republic, resident in Reunion" );; line 10572 (wfb::comment independence bassas_da_india "possession of France" );; line 10581 (wfb::overview bassas_da_india "no economic activity" );; line 10586 (wfb::note bassas_da_india "defense is the responsibility of France" );; line 10601 (wfb::markup-parameter figure belarus "graphno=\"bo.tif\"" );; line 10607 (wfb::location belarus "Eastern Europe, east of Poland" );; line 10611 (wfb::map_references belarus "Commonwealth of Independent States - European States" );; line 10615 (wfb::area belarus total_area (* 207600 sq_km) );; line 10620 (wfb::area belarus land_area (* 207600 sq_km) );; line 10622 (wfb::area belarus comparative_area "slightly smaller than Kansas" );; line 10624 (wfb::borders belarus total (* 3098 km) );; line 10628 (wfb::borders belarus latvia (* 141 km) );; line 10628 (wfb::borders belarus lithuania (* 502 km) );; line 10628 (wfb::borders belarus poland (* 605 km) );; line 10628 (wfb::borders belarus russia (* 959 km) );; line 10628 (wfb::borders belarus ukraine (* 891 km) );; line 10628 (wfb::comment coastline belarus "landlocked" );; line 10633 (wfb::coastline belarus (* 0 km) );; line 10633 (wfb::maritime_claims belarus "none; landlocked" );; line 10637 (wfb::international_disputes belarus "none" );; line 10641 (wfb::climate belarus "cold winters, cool and moist summers" );; line 10645 (wfb::climate belarus "transitional between continental and maritime" );; line 10645 (wfb::terrain belarus "generally flat and contains much marshland" );; line 10650 (wfb::natural-resource belarus forest_land );; line 10654 (wfb::natural-resource belarus peat_deposits );; line 10654 (wfb::natural-resource belarus small_quantities_of_oil_and_natural_gas );; line 10654 (wfb::land_use belarus arable_land (* 29 %) );; line 10660 (wfb::land_use belarus permanent_crops (* 1 %) );; line 10662 (wfb::land_use belarus meadows_and_pastures (* 15 %) );; line 10664 (wfb::land_use belarus forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 10666 (wfb::land_use belarus other (* 55 %) );; line 10668 (wfb::measurement-date irrigated_land belarus date_1990 );; line 10672 (wfb::irrigated_land belarus (* 1490 sq_km) );; line 10672 (wfb::environment belarus current_issues "soil pollution from pesticide use" );; line 10677 (wfb::environment belarus current_issues "southern part of the country contaminated with fallout from 1986 nuclear reactor accident at Chornobyl'" );; line 10677 (wfb::environment belarus natural_hazards "NA" );; line 10680 (wfb::environment belarus international_agreements "party to - Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Biodiversity, Environmental Modification, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection" );; line 10682 (wfb::environment belarus international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Climate Change, Law of the Sea" );; line 10682 (wfb::note belarus "landlocked" );; line 10689 (wfb::estimation-date population belarus date_jul_1995 );; line 10695 (wfb::population belarus 10437418 );; line 10695 (wfb::age_structure belarus 0-14_years (* 22 %) );; line 10700 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex belarus 0-14_years female 1126062 );; line 10700 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex belarus 0-14_years male 1166439 );; line 10700 (wfb::age_structure belarus 15-64_years (* 65 %) );; line 10702 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex belarus 15-64_years female 3494891 );; line 10702 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex belarus 15-64_years male 3293196 );; line 10702 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure belarus 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 10704 (wfb::age_structure belarus 65_years_and_over (* 13 %) );; line 10704 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex belarus 65_years_and_over female 913508 );; line 10704 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex belarus 65_years_and_over male 443322 );; line 10704 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate belarus date_1995 );; line 10708 (wfb::population_growth_rate belarus (* 0.3 %) );; line 10708 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate belarus date_1995 );; line 10712 (wfb::birth_rate belarus (* 12.98 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 10712 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate belarus date_1995 );; line 10716 (wfb::death_rate belarus (* 11.23 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 10716 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate belarus date_1995 );; line 10720 (wfb::net_migration_rate belarus (* 1.27 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 10720 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate belarus date_1995 );; line 10724 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate belarus (* 18.6 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 10724 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth belarus total_population (* 71.03 years) );; line 10729 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth belarus male (* 66.36 years) );; line 10731 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth belarus female date_1995 );; line 10733 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth belarus female (* 75.93 years) );; line 10733 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate belarus date_1995 );; line 10737 (wfb::total_fertility_rate belarus (* 1.87 children_born/woman) );; line 10737 (wfb::nationality belarus noun "Belarusian(s)" );; line 10742 (wfb::nationality belarus adjective "Belarusian" );; line 10744 (wfb::ethnic-entity belarus byelorussian (* 77.9 %) );; line 10748 (wfb::ethnic-entity belarus russian (* 13.2 %) );; line 10748 (wfb::ethnic-entity belarus polish (* 4.1 %) );; line 10748 (wfb::ethnic-entity belarus ukrainian (* 2.9 %) );; line 10748 (wfb::religion belarus eastern_orthodox n/a );; line 10753 (wfb::language belarus byelorussian-language-group n/a );; line 10757 (wfb::language belarus russian-language-group n/a );; line 10757 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition belarus date_1989 );; line 10761 (wfb::literacy-condition belarus "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 10761 (wfb::literacy belarus total_population (* 97 %) );; line 10763 (wfb::literacy belarus male (* 99 %) );; line 10765 (wfb::literacy belarus female (* 96 %) );; line 10767 (wfb::total_labor_force belarus 4.887e6 );; line 10771 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force belarus by_occupation date_1992 );; line 10773 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1992 );; line 10773 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation belarus industry_and_construction (* 40 %) );; line 10773 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation belarus agriculture_and_forestry (* 21 %) );; line 10773 (wfb::names belarus conventional_long_form "Republic of Belarus" );; line 10780 (wfb::names belarus conventional_short_form "Belarus" );; line 10782 (wfb::names belarus local_long_form "Respublika Byelarus'" );; line 10784 (wfb::names belarus former "Belorussian (Byelorussian) Soviet Socialist Republic" );; line 10788 (wfb::digraph belarus "BO" );; line 10792 (wfb::type belarus "republic" );; line 10796 (wfb::capital belarus minsk-belarus );; line 10800 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_belarus_voblastsi "voblastsi" "voblastsi" "voblasts'" );; line 10804 (wfb::administrative_divisions belarus adm_div_belarus_voblastsi 6 );; line 10804 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_belarus_municipality "municipality" "harady" "horad" );; line 10804 (wfb::administrative_divisions belarus adm_div_belarus_municipality 1 );; line 10804 (wfb::administrative_division_of belarus adm_div_belarus_voblastsi "Brestskaya (Brest)" );; line 10804 (wfb::administrative_division_of belarus adm_div_belarus_voblastsi "Homyel'skaya (Homyel')" );; line 10804 (wfb::administrative_division_of belarus adm_div_belarus_municipality "Horad Minsk" );; line 10804 (wfb::administrative_division_of belarus adm_div_belarus_voblastsi "Hrodzyenskaya (Hrodna)" );; line 10804 (wfb::administrative_division_of belarus adm_div_belarus_voblastsi "Mahilyowskaya (Mahilyow)" );; line 10804 (wfb::administrative_division_of belarus adm_div_belarus_voblastsi "Minskaya" );; line 10804 (wfb::administrative_division_of belarus adm_div_belarus_voblastsi "Vitsyebskaya (Vitsyebsk)" );; line 10804 (wfb::comment administrative_divisions belarus "the administrative centers of the voblastsi are included in parentheses" );; line 10808 (wfb::independence belarus date_25_aug_1991 "Soviet Union" );; line 10813 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1990 );; line 10817 (wfb::comment national_holiday belarus "1990" );; line 10817 (wfb::national_holiday belarus "Independence Day" date_27_jul );; line 10817 (wfb::constitution belarus "adopted 15 March 1994; replaces constitution of April 1978" );; line 10821 (wfb::legal_system belarus "based on civil law system" );; line 10825 (wfb::comment suffrage belarus " universal" );; line 10829 (wfb::suffrage belarus (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 10829 (wfb::comment executive_branch belarus chief_of_state "election held June 24 and 10 July 1994 (next to be held NA 1999)" );; line 10834 (wfb::comment executive_branch belarus chief_of_state "Aleksandr LUKASHENKO 80%, Vyacheslav KEBICH 14%" );; line 10834 (wfb::executive_branch belarus chief_of_state "President Aleksandr LUKASHENKO " date_20_jul_1994 );; line 10834 (wfb::comment executive_branch belarus head_of_government "Deputy Prime Ministers Vladimir GARKUN, Viktor GONCHAR, Sergey LING, Mikhail MYASNIKOVICH, Valeriy KOKAREV (since NA)" );; line 10838 (wfb::executive_branch belarus head_of_government "Prime Minister Mikhail CHIGIR " date_jul_1994 );; line 10838 (wfb::executive_branch belarus cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 10842 (wfb::comment executive_branch belarus "first presidential elections took place in June-July 1994" );; line 10844 (wfb::legislative_structure belarus unicameral n/a );; line 10848 (wfb::legislative_branch belarus "Supreme Soviet" "elections last held 4 April 1990 (next to be held 14 May 1995); results - Communists 87%; seats - (360 total) number of seats by party NA; note - 50 seats are for public bodies; the Communist Party obtained an overwhelming majority" );; line 10850 (wfb::judicial_branch belarus "Supreme Court" );; line 10857 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders belarus "Belarusian Popular Front (BPF), Zenon POZNYAK, chairman; Party of Popular Accord, Gennadiy KARPENKO; Union of Belarusian Entreprenuers, V. N. KARYAGIN; Belarusian Party of Communists, Vasiliy NOVIKOV, Viktor CHIKIN, chairmen; Belarus Peasant Party, Yevgeniy LUGIN, chairman; Belarusian Socialist Party, Vyacheslav KUZNETSOV, chairman; Belarusian Social Democrat Party (SDBP), Oleg TRUSOV, Stanislav SHUSHKEVICH, chairmen; Agrarian Party of Belarus, Aleksandr DUBKO; United Democratic Party of Belarus (UDPB), Aleksandr DOBROVOLSKIY, chairman; Independent Trade Unions, Sergey ANTONCHIK, chairman" );; line 10861 (wfb::member_of belarus ccc );; line 10872 (wfb::member_of belarus ce );; line 10872 (wfb::comment member_of belarus ce "guest" );; line 10872 (wfb::member_of belarus cei );; line 10872 (wfb::comment member_of belarus cei "associate members" );; line 10872 (wfb::member_of belarus cis );; line 10872 (wfb::member_of belarus ebrd );; line 10872 (wfb::member_of belarus ece );; line 10872 (wfb::member_of belarus iaea );; line 10872 (wfb::member_of belarus ibrd );; line 10872 (wfb::member_of belarus icao );; line 10872 (wfb::member_of belarus ifc );; line 10872 (wfb::member_of belarus ilo );; line 10872 (wfb::member_of belarus imf );; line 10872 (wfb::member_of belarus inmarsat );; line 10872 (wfb::member_of belarus intelsat );; line 10872 (wfb::comment member_of belarus intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 10872 (wfb::member_of belarus interpol );; line 10872 (wfb::member_of belarus ioc );; line 10872 (wfb::member_of belarus iso );; line 10872 (wfb::member_of belarus itu );; line 10872 (wfb::member_of belarus nacc );; line 10872 (wfb::member_of belarus osce );; line 10872 (wfb::member_of belarus pca );; line 10872 (wfb::member_of belarus pfp );; line 10872 (wfb::member_of belarus un );; line 10872 (wfb::member_of belarus unctad );; line 10872 (wfb::member_of belarus unesco );; line 10872 (wfb::member_of belarus unido );; line 10872 (wfb::member_of belarus upu );; line 10872 (wfb::member_of belarus who );; line 10872 (wfb::member_of belarus wipo );; line 10872 (wfb::member_of belarus wmo );; line 10872 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us belarus chief_of_mission "Ambassador Sergey Nikolayevich MARTYNOV" );; line 10880 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us belarus chancery "1619 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20009" );; line 10882 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us belarus telephone "[1] (202) 986-1604" );; line 10884 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us belarus fax "[1] (202) 986-1805" );; line 10886 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us belarus |consulate(s) general| "New York" );; line 10888 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation belarus chief_of_mission "Ambassador Kenneth Spencer YALOWITZ" );; line 10893 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation belarus embassy "Starovilenskaya #46, Minsk" );; line 10895 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation belarus mailing_address "use embassy street address" );; line 10897 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation belarus telephone "[7] (0172) 34-65-37" );; line 10899 (wfb::flag belarus "three horizontal bands of white (top), red, and white" );; line 10903 (wfb::overview belarus "Belarus ranks among the most developed of the former Soviet states, with a relatively modern - by Soviet standards - and diverse machine building sector and a robust agriculture sector. It also serves as a transport link for Russian oil exports to the Baltic states and Eastern and Western Europe. The breakup of the Soviet Union and its command economy has resulted in a sharp economic contraction as traditional trade ties have collapsed. The Belarusian government has lagged behind the governments of most other former Soviet states in economic reform, with privatization almost nonexistent. The system of state orders and distribution persists. In mid-1994, the Belarusian government embarked on an austerity program with IMF support to slash state credits and consumer subsidies in order to bring down the budget deficit and reduce inflation. However, despite its promising start, the regime's drive to reinvigorate the economy has fallen short, and the IMF has criticized its failure to implement the reforms that the Fund had negotiated. As a result, the IMF has suspended talks on introducing a stand-by arrangement. Economic relations with Russia, which will have an important bearing on the future course of the economy, will be strengthened if Minsk adopts the necessary legislation to implement a customs union agreed to in January 1995." );; line 10908 (wfb::measurement-date national_product_real_growth_rate belarus date_1994 );; line 10934 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate belarus (* -20 %) );; line 10934 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita belarus date_1994 );; line 10938 (wfb::national_product_per_capita belarus (* 5130 $) );; line 10938 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| belarus "29% per month (1994)" );; line 10942 (wfb::budget belarus revenues (* n/a $) );; line 10952 (wfb::budget belarus expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 10954 (wfb::budget belarus capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 10954 (wfb::exports belarus (* 968e6 $) );; line 10958 (wfb::exports belarus commodities machinery_and_transport_equipment n/a );; line 10960 (wfb::exports belarus commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 10960 (wfb::exports belarus commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 10960 (wfb::exports belarus partners russia n/a );; line 10962 (wfb::exports belarus partners ukraine n/a );; line 10962 (wfb::exports belarus partners poland n/a );; line 10962 (wfb::exports belarus partners bulgaria n/a );; line 10962 (wfb::imports belarus (* 534e6 $) );; line 10966 (wfb::imports belarus commodities fuel n/a );; line 10968 (wfb::imports belarus commodities natural_gas-commodity n/a );; line 10968 (wfb::imports belarus commodities industrial_raw_materials n/a );; line 10968 (wfb::imports belarus commodities textiles-commodity n/a );; line 10968 (wfb::imports belarus commodities sugar-commodity n/a );; line 10968 (wfb::imports belarus partners russia n/a );; line 10970 (wfb::imports belarus partners ukraine n/a );; line 10970 (wfb::imports belarus partners poland n/a );; line 10970 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt belarus date_jul_1994 );; line 10974 (wfb::external_debt belarus (* 1.5e9 $) );; line 10974 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1992 );; line 10978 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 10978 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production belarus date_1994 );; line 10978 (wfb::industrial_production belarus growth_rate (* -19 %) );; line 10978 (wfb::electricity belarus capacity (* 7010000 kw) );; line 10983 (wfb::electricity belarus production (* 31.4e9 kwh) );; line 10985 (wfb::measurement-date electricity belarus consumption_per_capita date_1994 );; line 10987 (wfb::electricity belarus consumption_per_capita (* 3010 kwh) );; line 10987 (wfb::industry belarus |employ about 40% of labor force and produced a wide variety of products including (in percent share of total output of former Soviet Union): tractors (12%)| );; line 10991 (wfb::industry belarus |metal-cutting machine tools (11%)| );; line 10991 (wfb::industry belarus |off-highway dump trucks up to 110-metric-ton load capacity (100%)| );; line 10991 (wfb::industry belarus |wheel-type earthmovers for construction and mining (100%)| );; line 10991 (wfb::industry belarus eight-wheel-drive );; line 10991 (wfb::industry belarus |high-flotation trucks with cargo capacity of 25 metric tons for use in tundra and roadless areas (100%)| );; line 10991 (wfb::industry belarus |equipment for animal husbandry and livestock feeding (25%)| );; line 10991 (wfb::industry belarus |motorcycles (21.3%)| );; line 10991 (wfb::industry belarus |television sets (11%)| );; line 10991 (wfb::industry belarus |chemical fibers (28%)| );; line 10991 (wfb::industry belarus |fertilizer (18%)| );; line 10991 (wfb::industry belarus |linen fabric (11%)| );; line 10991 (wfb::industry belarus |wool fabric (7%)| );; line 10991 (wfb::industry belarus radios );; line 10991 (wfb::industry belarus refrigerators );; line 10991 (wfb::agriculture belarus "accounts for almost 25% of GDP and 5.7% of total agricultural output of former Soviet Union; employs 21% of the labor force; in 1988 produced the following (in percent of total Soviet production): grain (3.6%), potatoes (12.2%), vegetables (3.0%), meat (6.0%), milk (7.0%); net exporter of meat, milk, eggs, flour, potatoes" );; line 11003 (wfb::illicit_drugs belarus "illicit cultivator of opium poppy and cannabis; mostly for the domestic market; transshipment point for illicit drugs to Western Europe" );; line 11011 (wfb::economic_aid belarus "$NA" );; line 11016 (wfb::abbreviation belarusian_rubel "BR" );; line 11020 (wfb::currency belarus belarusian_rubel n/a n/a );; line 11020 (wfb::exchange_rates belarus "Belarusian rubels per US$1 - 10,600 (end December 1994)" );; line 11024 (wfb::fiscal_year belarus date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 11028 (wfb::railroads belarus total "5,570 km in common carrier service; does not include industrial lines" );; line 11034 (wfb::railroads belarus broad_gauge "5,570 km 1.520-m gauge (1990)" );; line 11037 (wfb::highways belarus total (* 98200 km) );; line 11042 (wfb::highways belarus paved (* 66100 km) );; line 11044 (wfb::measurement-date highways belarus date_1990 );; line 11046 (wfb::comment highways belarus unpaved "1990" );; line 11046 (wfb::measurement-date highways belarus unpaved earth date_1990 );; line 11046 (wfb::highways belarus earth (* 32100 km) );; line 11046 (wfb::inland_waterways belarus "NA km" );; line 11050 (wfb::measurement-date pipelines date_1992 );; line 11054 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 1470 km) );; line 11054 (wfb::pipelines refined_products (* 1100 km) );; line 11054 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 1980 km) );; line 11054 (wfb::port belarus mazyr-belarus );; line 11059 (wfb::comment merchant_marine belarus "claims 5% of former Soviet fleet" );; line 11064 (wfb::airports belarus total 118 );; line 11069 (wfb::airports belarus |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 2 );; line 11071 (wfb::airports belarus |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 18 );; line 11073 (wfb::airports belarus |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 5 );; line 11075 (wfb::airports belarus with_paved_runways_under_914_m 11 );; line 11077 (wfb::airports belarus |with unpaved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 11079 (wfb::airports belarus |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 6 );; line 11081 (wfb::airports belarus |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 4 );; line 11083 (wfb::airports belarus |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 9 );; line 11085 (wfb::airports belarus with_unpaved_runways_under_914_m 62 );; line 11087 (wfb::telephone_system belarus "1,849,000 telephones (December 1991); 18 telephones/100 persons; telephone service inadequate for the purposes of either business or the population; about 70% of the telephones are in homes; over 750,000 applications from households for telephones remain unsatisfied (1992); new investment centers on international connections and business needs; the new BelCel NMT 450 cellular system (a joint venture) is now operating in Minsk" );; line 11092 (wfb::telephone_system belarus local "NA" );; line 11099 (wfb::telephone_system belarus intercity "NA" );; line 11101 (wfb::telephone_system belarus international "international traffic is carried by the Moscow international gateway switch and also by 2 satellite earth stations near Minsk - INTELSAT (through Canada) and EUTELSAT (through the UK)" );; line 11103 (wfb::radio belarus broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 11110 (wfb::television belarus broadcast_stations n/a );; line 11118 (wfb::television belarus televisions 3.538e6 );; line 11120 (wfb::defense_branch belarus army_belarus );; line 11126 (wfb::defense_branch belarus air_force_belarus );; line 11126 (wfb::defense_branch belarus air_defense_force_belarus );; line 11126 (wfb::comment defense_branch belarus republic_security_forces_belarus "internal and border troops" );; line 11126 (wfb::defense_branch belarus republic_security_forces_belarus );; line 11126 (wfb::manpower_availability belarus "males age 15-49 2,550,500; males fit for military service 1,999,138; males reach military age (18) annually 71,808 (1995 est.)" );; line 11131 (wfb::markup-parameter figure belgium "graphno=\"be.tif\"" );; line 11144 (wfb::location belgium "Western Europe, bordering the North Sea, between France and the Netherlands" );; line 11148 (wfb::map_references belgium "Europe" );; line 11153 (wfb::area belgium total_area (* 30510 sq_km) );; line 11158 (wfb::area belgium land_area (* 30230 sq_km) );; line 11160 (wfb::area belgium comparative_area "slightly larger than Maryland" );; line 11162 (wfb::borders belgium total (* 1385 km) );; line 11166 (wfb::borders belgium france (* 620 km) );; line 11166 (wfb::borders belgium germany (* 167 km) );; line 11166 (wfb::borders belgium luxembourg (* 148 km) );; line 11166 (wfb::borders belgium netherlands (* 450 km) );; line 11166 (wfb::coastline belgium (* 64 km) );; line 11171 (wfb::comment maritime_claims belgium exclusive_fishing_zone "extends about 68 km from coast" );; line 11178 (wfb::maritime_claims belgium territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 11180 (wfb::international_disputes belgium "none" );; line 11184 (wfb::climate belgium "temperate" );; line 11188 (wfb::climate belgium "mild winters, cool summers" );; line 11188 (wfb::climate belgium "rainy, humid, cloudy" );; line 11188 (wfb::terrain belgium "flat coastal plains in northwest, central rolling hills, rugged mountains of Ardennes Forest in southeast" );; line 11192 (wfb::natural-resource belgium coal );; line 11197 (wfb::natural-resource belgium natural_gas );; line 11197 (wfb::land_use belgium arable_land (* 24 %) );; line 11202 (wfb::land_use belgium permanent_crops (* 1 %) );; line 11204 (wfb::land_use belgium meadows_and_pastures (* 20 %) );; line 11206 (wfb::land_use belgium forest_and_woodland (* 21 %) );; line 11208 (wfb::land_use belgium other (* 34 %) );; line 11210 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land belgium date_1989 );; line 11214 (wfb::irrigated_land belgium (* 10 sq_km) );; line 11214 (wfb::environment belgium current_issues "Meuse River, a major source of drinking water, polluted from steel production wastes" );; line 11219 (wfb::environment belgium current_issues "other rivers polluted by animal wastes and fertilizers" );; line 11219 (wfb::environment belgium current_issues "industrial air pollution contributes to acid rain in neighboring countries" );; line 11219 (wfb::environment belgium natural_hazards "flooding is a threat in areas of reclaimed coastal land, protected from the sea by concrete dikes" );; line 11224 (wfb::environment belgium international_agreements "party to - Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Antarctic Treaty, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands" );; line 11227 (wfb::environment belgium international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Law of the Sea" );; line 11227 (wfb::note belgium "crossroads of Western Europe; majority of West European capitals within 1,000 km of Brussels which is the seat of the EU" );; line 11237 (wfb::estimation-date population belgium date_jul_1995 );; line 11244 (wfb::population belgium 10081880 );; line 11244 (wfb::age_structure belgium 0-14_years (* 18 %) );; line 11249 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex belgium 0-14_years female 875079 );; line 11249 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex belgium 0-14_years male 919939 );; line 11249 (wfb::age_structure belgium 15-64_years (* 66 %) );; line 11251 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex belgium 15-64_years female 3303219 );; line 11251 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex belgium 15-64_years male 3363250 );; line 11251 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure belgium 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 11253 (wfb::age_structure belgium 65_years_and_over (* 16 %) );; line 11253 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex belgium 65_years_and_over female 969966 );; line 11253 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex belgium 65_years_and_over male 650427 );; line 11253 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate belgium date_1995 );; line 11257 (wfb::population_growth_rate belgium (* 0.17 %) );; line 11257 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate belgium date_1995 );; line 11261 (wfb::birth_rate belgium (* 11.46 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 11261 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate belgium date_1995 );; line 11265 (wfb::death_rate belgium (* 10.22 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 11265 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate belgium date_1995 );; line 11269 (wfb::net_migration_rate belgium (* 0.5 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 11269 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate belgium date_1995 );; line 11273 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate belgium (* 7 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 11273 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth belgium total_population (* 77.21 years) );; line 11278 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth belgium male (* 73.94 years) );; line 11280 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth belgium female date_1995 );; line 11282 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth belgium female (* 80.67 years) );; line 11282 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate belgium date_1995 );; line 11286 (wfb::total_fertility_rate belgium (* 1.62 children_born/woman) );; line 11286 (wfb::nationality belgium noun "Belgian(s)" );; line 11291 (wfb::nationality belgium adjective "Belgian" );; line 11293 (wfb::ethnic-entity belgium fleming (* 55 %) );; line 11297 (wfb::ethnic-entity belgium walloon (* 33 %) );; line 11297 (wfb::ethnic-entity belgium mixed_or_other (* 12 %) );; line 11297 (wfb::religion belgium roman_catholic (* 75 %) );; line 11301 (wfb::religion belgium protestant_or_other (* 25 %) );; line 11301 (wfb::language belgium dutch (* 56 %) );; line 11305 (wfb::language belgium french (* 32 %) );; line 11305 (wfb::language belgium german (* 1 %) );; line 11305 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition belgium date_1980 );; line 11310 (wfb::literacy-condition belgium "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 11310 (wfb::literacy belgium total_population (* 99 %) );; line 11312 (wfb::total_labor_force belgium 4.126e6 );; line 11316 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force belgium by_occupation date_1988 );; line 11318 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1988 );; line 11318 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation belgium services (* 63.6 %) );; line 11318 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation belgium industry (* 28 %) );; line 11318 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation belgium construction (* 6.1 %) );; line 11318 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation belgium agriculture (* 2.3 %) );; line 11318 (wfb::names belgium conventional_long_form "Kingdom of Belgium" );; line 11325 (wfb::names belgium conventional_short_form "Belgium" );; line 11327 (wfb::names belgium local_long_form "Royaume de Belgique" );; line 11329 (wfb::names belgium local_short_form "Belgique" );; line 11331 (wfb::digraph belgium "BE" );; line 11335 (wfb::type belgium "constitutional monarchy" );; line 11339 (wfb::capital belgium brussels-belgium );; line 11343 (wfb::independence belgium date_4_oct_1830 "the Netherlands" );; line 11353 (wfb::comment national_holiday belgium "ascension of King Leopold to the throne in 1831" );; line 11357 (wfb::national_holiday belgium "National Day" date_21_jul );; line 11357 (wfb::constitution belgium "7 February 1831, last revised 14 July 1993; parliament approved a constitutional package creating a federal state" );; line 11362 (wfb::legal_system belgium "civil law system influenced by English constitutional theory; judicial review of legislative acts; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations" );; line 11367 (wfb::executive_branch belgium chief_of_state "King ALBERT II " date_9_aug_1993 );; line 11378 (wfb::executive_branch belgium head_of_government "Prime Minister Jean-Luc DEHAENE " date_6_mar_1992 );; line 11380 (wfb::comment executive_branch belgium cabinet "the king appoints the ministers who are approved by the legislature" );; line 11382 (wfb::executive_branch belgium cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 11382 (wfb::legislative_structure belgium bicameral "Parliament" );; line 11387 (wfb::legislative_branch belgium "Senate" "(Flemish - Senaat, French - Senat); elections last held 24 November 1991 (next to be held by the end of 1995); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (184 total; of which 106 are directly elected; in the 1995 elections, seats will decrease to 71) CVP 20, SP 14, VLD 13, VU 5, AGALEV 5, VB 5, ROSSEN 1, PS 18, PRL 9, PSC 9, ECOLO 6, FDF 1" );; line 11389 (wfb::legislative_branch belgium "Chamber of Deputies" "(Flemish - Kamer van Volksvertegenwoordigers, French - Chambre des Representants); elections last held 24 November 1991 (next to be held by 21 May 1995); results - CVP 16.7%, PS 13.6%, SP 12.0%, VLD 11.9%, PRL 8.2%, PSC 7.8%, VB 6.6%, VU 5.9%, ECOLO 5.1%, AGALEV 4.9%, FDF 2.6%, ROSSEM 3.2%, FN 1.5%; seats - (212 total; in 1995 elections, seats will decrease to 150) CVP 39, PS 35, SP 28, VLD 26, PRL 20, PSC 18, VB 12, VU 10, ECOLO 10, AGALEV 7, FDF 3, ROSSEM 3, FN 1" );; line 11395 (wfb::judicial_branch belgium "Supreme Court of Justice (Flemish - Hof van Cassatie, French - Cour de Cassation)" );; line 11405 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders belgium "Flemish Christian Democrats (CVP - Christian People's Party), Johan van HECKE, president; Francophone Christian Democrats (PSC - Social Christian Party), Gerard DEPREZ, president; Flemish Socialist Party (SP), Louis TOBBACK, president; Francophone Socialist Party (PS), Philippe BUSQUIN, president; Flemish Liberal Democrats (VLD), Guy VERHOFSTADT, president; Francophone Liberal Reform Party (PRL), Jean GOL, president; Francophone Democratic Front (FDF), Georges CLERFAYT, president; Volksunie (VU), Bert ANCIAUX, president; Vlaams Blok (VB), Karel DILLEN, chairman; ROSSEM, Jean Pierre VAN ROSSEM; National Front (FN), Daniel FERET, president; AGALEV (Flemish Greens), no president; ECOLO (Francophone Ecologists), no president; other minor parties" );; line 11410 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups belgium "Christian and Socialist Trade Unions; Federation of Belgian Industries; numerous other associations representing bankers, manufacturers, middle-class artisans, and the legal and medical professions; various organizations represent the cultural interests of Flanders and Wallonia; various peace groups such as the Flemish Action Committee Against Nuclear Weapons and Pax Christi" );; line 11424 (wfb::member_of belgium acct );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium afdb );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium ag );; line 11433 (wfb::comment member_of belgium ag "observer" );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium asdb );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium australia_group );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium benelux );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium bis );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium ccc );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium ce );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium cern );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium ebrd );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium ec-international-organization );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium ece );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium eib );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium esa );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium fao );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium g-_9 );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium g-10 );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium gatt );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium iadb );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium iaea );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium ibrd );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium icao );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium icc );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium icftu );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium icrm );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium ida );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium iea );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium ifad );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium ifc );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium ifrcs );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium ilo );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium imf );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium imo );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium inmarsat );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium intelsat );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium interpol );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium ioc );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium iom );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium iso );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium itu );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium minurso );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium mtcr );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium nacc );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium nato );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium nea );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium nsg );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium oas );; line 11433 (wfb::comment member_of belgium oas "observer" );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium oecd );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium osce );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium pca );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium un );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium unctad );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium unesco );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium unhcr );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium unido );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium unitar );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium unmogip );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium unprofor );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium unrwa );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium untso );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium upu );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium wcl );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium weu );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium who );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium wipo );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium wmo );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium wto );; line 11433 (wfb::member_of belgium zc );; line 11433 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us belgium chief_of_mission "Ambassador Andre ADAM (appointed 3 October 1994)" );; line 11444 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us belgium chancery "3330 Garfield Street NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 11446 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us belgium telephone "[1] (202) 333-6900" );; line 11448 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us belgium fax "[1] (202) 333-3079" );; line 11450 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us belgium |consulate(s) general| "Atlanta, Chicago, Los Angeles, and New York" );; line 11452 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation belgium chief_of_mission "Ambassador Alan J. BLINKEN" );; line 11457 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation belgium embassy "27 Boulevard du Regent, B-1000 Brussels" );; line 11459 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation belgium mailing_address "APO AE 09724; PSC 82, Box 002, Brussels" );; line 11461 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation belgium telephone "[32] (2) 513 38 30" );; line 11463 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation belgium fax "[32] (2) 511 27 25" );; line 11465 (wfb::flag belgium "three equal vertical bands of black (hoist side), yellow, and red; the design was based on the flag of France" );; line 11469 (wfb::overview belgium "This small private enterprise economy has capitalized on its central geographic location, highly developed transport network, and diversified industrial and commercial base. Industry is concentrated mainly in the populous Flemish area in the north, although the government is encouraging reinvestment in the southern region of Walloon. With few natural resources Belgium must import substantial quantities of raw materials and export a large volume of manufactures, making its economy unusually dependent on the state of world markets. Three-fourths of its trade is with other EU countries. The economy grew at a strong 4% pace during the period 1988-90, slowed to 1% in 1991-92, dropped by 1.5% in 1993, and recovered with 2.3% growth in 1994. Belgium's public debt has risen to 140% of GDP, and the government is trying to control its expenditures to bring the figure more into line with other industrialized countries." );; line 11475 (wfb::estimation-date national_product belgium date_1994 );; line 11491 (wfb::national_product belgium (* 181.5e9 $) );; line 11491 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate belgium date_1994 );; line 11495 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate belgium (* 2.3 %) );; line 11495 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita belgium date_1994 );; line 11499 (wfb::national_product_per_capita belgium (* 18040 $) );; line 11499 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| belgium "2.5% (1994)" );; line 11503 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate belgium date_dec_1994 );; line 11507 (wfb::unemployment_rate belgium (* 14.1 %) );; line 11507 (wfb::budget belgium revenues (* 97.8e9 $) );; line 11512 (wfb::measurement-date budget belgium date_1989 );; line 11514 (wfb::budget belgium expenditures (* 109.3e9 $) );; line 11514 (wfb::budget belgium capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 11514 (wfb::exports belgium (* 117e9 $) );; line 11518 (wfb::exports belgium commodities iron_and_steel n/a );; line 11520 (wfb::exports belgium commodities transportation_equipment n/a );; line 11520 (wfb::exports belgium commodities tractors n/a );; line 11520 (wfb::exports belgium commodities diamonds-commodity n/a );; line 11520 (wfb::exports belgium commodities petroleum_products-commodity n/a );; line 11520 (wfb::measurement-date exports belgium date_1991 );; line 11523 (wfb::exports belgium partners ec (* 75.5 %) );; line 11523 (wfb::exports belgium partners us (* 3.7 %) );; line 11523 (wfb::exports belgium partners former_communist_countries (* 1.4 %) );; line 11523 (wfb::imports belgium (* 120e9 $) );; line 11527 (wfb::imports belgium commodities fuels n/a );; line 11529 (wfb::imports belgium commodities grains n/a );; line 11529 (wfb::imports belgium commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 11529 (wfb::imports belgium commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 11529 (wfb::measurement-date imports belgium date_1991 );; line 11531 (wfb::imports belgium partners ec (* 73 %) );; line 11531 (wfb::imports belgium partners us (* 4.8 %) );; line 11531 (wfb::imports belgium partners oil-exporting_less_developed_countries (* 4 %) );; line 11531 (wfb::imports belgium partners former_communist_countries (* 1.8 %) );; line 11531 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt belgium date_1992 );; line 11536 (wfb::external_debt belgium (* 31.3e9 $) );; line 11536 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 11540 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production belgium date_1993 );; line 11540 (wfb::industrial_production belgium growth_rate (* -0.1 %) );; line 11540 (wfb::industrial_production belgium accounts_for (* 25 %_of_gdp) );; line 11540 (wfb::electricity belgium capacity (* 14040000 kw) );; line 11545 (wfb::electricity belgium production (* 66e9 kwh) );; line 11547 (wfb::measurement-date electricity belgium consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 11549 (wfb::electricity belgium consumption_per_capita (* 6334 kwh) );; line 11549 (wfb::industry belgium engineering_and_metal_products );; line 11553 (wfb::industry belgium motor_vehicle_assembly );; line 11553 (wfb::industry belgium processed_food_and_beverages );; line 11553 (wfb::industry belgium chemicals );; line 11553 (wfb::industry belgium basic_metals );; line 11553 (wfb::industry belgium textiles );; line 11553 (wfb::industry belgium glass );; line 11553 (wfb::industry belgium petroleum-industry );; line 11553 (wfb::industry belgium coal-industry );; line 11553 (wfb::agriculture belgium "accounts for 2.0% of GDP; emphasis on livestock production - beef, veal, pork, milk; major crops are sugar beets, fresh vegetables, fruits, grain, tobacco; net importer of farm products" );; line 11559 (wfb::illicit_drugs belgium "source of precursor chemicals for South American cocaine processors; transshipment point for cocaine entering the European market" );; line 11565 (wfb::economic_aid belgium donor "ODA and OOF commitments (1970-89), $5.8 billion" );; line 11571 (wfb::abbreviation belgian_franc "BF" );; line 11575 (wfb::currency belgium belgian_franc 100 centimes );; line 11575 (wfb::exchange_rates belgium "Belgian francs (BF) per US$1 - 31.549 (January 1995), 33.456 (1994), 34.597 (1993), 32.150 (1992), 34.148 (1991), 33.418 (1990)" );; line 11579 (wfb::fiscal_year belgium date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 11584 (wfb::railroads belgium total "3,410 km (2,362 km electrified; 2,563 km double track)" );; line 11590 (wfb::railroads belgium standard_gauge "3,410 km 1.435-m gauge (1994)" );; line 11592 (wfb::highways belgium total (* 137912 km) );; line 11597 (wfb::comment highways belgium paved "including 1,667 km of limited access divided highway" );; line 11599 (wfb::measurement-date highways belgium date_1992 );; line 11601 (wfb::inland_waterways belgium "2,043 km (1,528 km in regular commercial use)" );; line 11605 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 161 km) );; line 11609 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 1167 km) );; line 11609 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 3300 km) );; line 11609 (wfb::port belgium antwerp-belgium );; line 11614 (wfb::port belgium brugge-belgium );; line 11614 (wfb::port belgium gent-belgium );; line 11614 (wfb::port belgium hasselt-belgium );; line 11614 (wfb::port belgium liege-belgium );; line 11614 (wfb::port belgium mons-belgium );; line 11614 (wfb::port belgium namur-belgium );; line 11614 (wfb::port belgium oostende-belgium );; line 11614 (wfb::port belgium zeebrugge-belgium );; line 11614 (wfb::merchant_marine belgium total "23 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 42,055 GRT/56,842 DWT" );; line 11620 (wfb::merchant_marine belgium ships_by_type "bulk 1, cargo 9, chemical tanker 6, liquefied gas 2, oil tanker 5" );; line 11622 (wfb::airports belgium total 43 );; line 11628 (wfb::airports belgium |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 6 );; line 11630 (wfb::airports belgium |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 9 );; line 11632 (wfb::airports belgium |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 2 );; line 11634 (wfb::airports belgium |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 11636 (wfb::airports belgium with_paved_runways_under_914_m 22 );; line 11638 (wfb::airports belgium |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 3 );; line 11640 (wfb::telephone_system belgium "4,720,000 telephones; highly developed, technologically advanced, and completely automated domestic and international telephone and telegraph facilities" );; line 11645 (wfb::telephone_system belgium local "NA" );; line 11649 (wfb::telephone_system belgium intercity "extensive cable network; limited microwave radio relay network; nationwide mobile phone system" );; line 11651 (wfb::telephone_system belgium international "5 submarine cables; 2 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth stations and 1 EUTELSAT earth station" );; line 11654 (wfb::radio belgium broadcast_stations am 3 );; line 11660 (wfb::radio belgium broadcast_stations fm 39 );; line 11660 (wfb::radio belgium broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 11660 (wfb::radio belgium radios n/a );; line 11662 (wfb::television belgium broadcast_stations 32 );; line 11667 (wfb::television belgium televisions n/a );; line 11669 (wfb::defense_branch belgium army_belgium );; line 11675 (wfb::defense_branch belgium navy_belgium );; line 11675 (wfb::defense_branch belgium air_force_belgium );; line 11675 (wfb::defense_branch belgium national_gendarmerie_belgium );; line 11675 (wfb::manpower_availability belgium "males age 15-49 2,559,077; males fit for military service 2,126,875; males reach military age (19) annually 61,488 (1995 est.)" );; line 11679 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures belgium date_1994 );; line 11684 (wfb::defense_expenditures belgium (* 3.9e9 $) );; line 11684 (wfb::defense_expenditures belgium (* 1.8 %_of_gdp) );; line 11684 (wfb::markup-parameter figure belize "graphno=\"bh.tif\"" );; line 11690 (wfb::location belize "Middle America, bordering the Caribbean Sea, between Guatemala and Mexico" );; line 11694 (wfb::map_references belize "Central America and the Caribbean" );; line 11699 (wfb::area belize total_area (* 22960 sq_km) );; line 11704 (wfb::area belize land_area (* 22800 sq_km) );; line 11706 (wfb::area belize comparative_area "slightly larger than Massachusetts" );; line 11708 (wfb::borders belize total (* 516 km) );; line 11712 (wfb::borders belize guatemala (* 266 km) );; line 11712 (wfb::borders belize mexico (* 250 km) );; line 11712 (wfb::coastline belize (* 386 km) );; line 11716 (wfb::maritime_claims belize exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 11721 (wfb::international_disputes belize "border with Guatemala in dispute" );; line 11731 (wfb::international_disputes belize "talks to resolve the dispute are stalled" );; line 11731 (wfb::climate belize "tropical" );; line 11736 (wfb::climate belize "very hot and humid" );; line 11736 (wfb::climate belize "rainy season (May to February)" );; line 11736 (wfb::terrain belize "flat, swampy coastal plain" );; line 11740 (wfb::terrain belize "low mountains in south" );; line 11740 (wfb::natural-resource belize arable_land_potential );; line 11744 (wfb::natural-resource belize timber );; line 11744 (wfb::natural-resource belize fish );; line 11744 (wfb::land_use belize arable_land (* 2 %) );; line 11749 (wfb::land_use belize permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 11751 (wfb::land_use belize meadows_and_pastures (* 2 %) );; line 11753 (wfb::land_use belize forest_and_woodland (* 44 %) );; line 11755 (wfb::land_use belize other (* 52 %) );; line 11757 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land belize date_1989 );; line 11761 (wfb::irrigated_land belize (* 20 sq_km) );; line 11761 (wfb::environment belize current_issues "deforestation" );; line 11766 (wfb::environment belize current_issues "water pollution from sewage, industrial effluents, agricultural runoff" );; line 11766 (wfb::environment belize natural_hazards "frequent, devastating hurricanes (September to December) and coastal flooding (especially in south)" );; line 11769 (wfb::environment belize international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping" );; line 11772 (wfb::note belize "national capital moved 80 km inland from Belize City to Belmopan because of hurricanes; only country in Central America without a coastline on the North Pacific Ocean" );; line 11777 (wfb::estimation-date population belize date_jul_1995 );; line 11785 (wfb::population belize 214061 );; line 11785 (wfb::age_structure belize 0-14_years (* 44 %) );; line 11790 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex belize 0-14_years female 45812 );; line 11790 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex belize 0-14_years male 47618 );; line 11790 (wfb::age_structure belize 15-64_years (* 53 %) );; line 11792 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex belize 15-64_years female 55630 );; line 11792 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex belize 15-64_years male 57230 );; line 11792 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure belize 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 11794 (wfb::age_structure belize 65_years_and_over (* 3 %) );; line 11794 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex belize 65_years_and_over female 3970 );; line 11794 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex belize 65_years_and_over male 3801 );; line 11794 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate belize date_1995 );; line 11798 (wfb::population_growth_rate belize (* 2.42 %) );; line 11798 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate belize date_1995 );; line 11802 (wfb::birth_rate belize (* 33.71 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 11802 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate belize date_1995 );; line 11806 (wfb::death_rate belize (* 5.86 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 11806 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate belize date_1995 );; line 11810 (wfb::net_migration_rate belize (* -3.7 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 11810 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate belize date_1995 );; line 11814 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate belize (* 34.7 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 11814 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth belize total_population (* 68.32 years) );; line 11819 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth belize male (* 66.37 years) );; line 11821 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth belize female date_1995 );; line 11823 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth belize female (* 70.36 years) );; line 11823 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate belize date_1995 );; line 11827 (wfb::total_fertility_rate belize (* 4.25 children_born/woman) );; line 11827 (wfb::nationality belize noun "Belizean(s)" );; line 11832 (wfb::nationality belize adjective "Belizean" );; line 11834 (wfb::ethnic-entity belize mestizo (* 44 %) );; line 11838 (wfb::ethnic-entity belize creole-ethnic-entity (* 30 %) );; line 11838 (wfb::ethnic-entity belize maya (* 11 %) );; line 11838 (wfb::ethnic-entity belize garifuna (* 7 %) );; line 11838 (wfb::measurement-date religion date_1980 );; line 11842 (wfb::religion belize roman_catholic (* 62 %) );; line 11842 (wfb::comment religion "Anglican 12%, Methodist 6%, Mennonite 4%, Seventh-Day Adventist 3%, Pentecostal 2%, Jehovah's Witnesses 1%, other 2%" );; line 11842 (wfb::religion belize protestant (* 30 %) );; line 11842 (wfb::language belize english n/a );; line 11848 (wfb::comment language belize english "official" );; line 11848 (wfb::language belize spanish-language-group n/a );; line 11848 (wfb::language belize maya-language-group n/a );; line 11848 (wfb::language belize garifuna-language-group n/a );; line 11848 (wfb::comment language belize garifuna-language-group "Carib" );; line 11848 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition belize date_1970 );; line 11852 (wfb::literacy-condition belize "age 15 and over has ever attended school" );; line 11852 (wfb::literacy belize total_population (* 91 %) );; line 11854 (wfb::literacy belize male (* 91 %) );; line 11856 (wfb::literacy belize female (* 91 %) );; line 11858 (wfb::total_labor_force belize 51500 );; line 11862 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation belize agriculture (* 30 %) );; line 11864 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation belize services (* 16 %) );; line 11864 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation belize government (* 15.4 %) );; line 11864 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation belize commerce (* 11.2 %) );; line 11864 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation belize manufacturing (* 10.3 %) );; line 11864 (wfb::comment labor_force belize "shortage of skilled labor and all types of technical personnel (1985)" );; line 11867 (wfb::names belize conventional_short_form "Belize" );; line 11876 (wfb::names belize former "British Honduras" );; line 11878 (wfb::digraph belize "BH" );; line 11882 (wfb::type belize "parliamentary democracy" );; line 11886 (wfb::capital belize belmopan-belize );; line 11890 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_belize_districts "districts" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 11894 (wfb::administrative_divisions belize adm_div_belize_districts 6 );; line 11894 (wfb::administrative_division_of belize adm_div_belize_districts "Belize" );; line 11894 (wfb::administrative_division_of belize adm_div_belize_districts "Cayo" );; line 11894 (wfb::administrative_division_of belize adm_div_belize_districts "Corozal" );; line 11894 (wfb::administrative_division_of belize adm_div_belize_districts "Orange Walk" );; line 11894 (wfb::administrative_division_of belize adm_div_belize_districts "Stann Creek" );; line 11894 (wfb::administrative_division_of belize adm_div_belize_districts "Toledo" );; line 11894 (wfb::independence belize date_21_sep_1981 "UK" );; line 11899 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1981 );; line 11903 (wfb::comment national_holiday belize "1981" );; line 11903 (wfb::national_holiday belize "Independence Day" date_21_sep );; line 11903 (wfb::constitution belize "21 September 1981" );; line 11907 (wfb::legal_system belize "English law" );; line 11911 (wfb::comment suffrage belize " universal" );; line 11915 (wfb::suffrage belize (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 11915 (wfb::comment executive_branch belize head_of_government "Deputy Prime Minister Dean BARROW (since NA 1993)" );; line 11923 (wfb::executive_branch belize head_of_government "Prime Minister Manuel ESQUIVEL " date_jul_1993 );; line 11923 (wfb::comment executive_branch belize cabinet "appointed by the governor general on advice from the prime minister" );; line 11926 (wfb::executive_branch belize cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 11926 (wfb::legislative_structure belize bicameral "National Assembly" );; line 11931 (wfb::legislative_branch belize "Senate" "consists of an 8-member appointed body; 5 members are appointed on the advice of the prime minister, 2 on the advice of the leader of the opposition, and 1 after consultation with the Belize Advisory Council (this council serves as an independent body to advise the governor-general with respect to difficult decisions such as granting pardons, commutations, stays of execution, the removal of justices of appeal who appear to be incompetent, etc.)" );; line 11933 (wfb::legislative_branch belize "National Assembly" "elections last held 30 June 1993 (next to be held June 1998); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (28 total) PUP 13 UDP 15" );; line 11940 (wfb::judicial_branch belize "Supreme Court" );; line 11945 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders belize "People's United Party (PUP), George PRICE, Florencio MARIN, Said MUSA; United Democratic Party (UDP), Manuel ESQUIVEL, Dean LINDO, Dean BARROW; National Alliance for Belizean Rights, Philip GOLDSON" );; line 11949 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups belize "Society for the Promotion of Education and Research (SPEAR), Assad SHOMAN; United Workers Front, leader NA" );; line 11955 (wfb::member_of belize acp );; line 11960 (wfb::member_of belize c );; line 11960 (wfb::member_of belize caricom );; line 11960 (wfb::member_of belize cdb );; line 11960 (wfb::member_of belize eclac );; line 11960 (wfb::member_of belize fao );; line 11960 (wfb::member_of belize g-77 );; line 11960 (wfb::member_of belize gatt );; line 11960 (wfb::member_of belize iadb );; line 11960 (wfb::member_of belize ibrd );; line 11960 (wfb::member_of belize icao );; line 11960 (wfb::member_of belize icftu );; line 11960 (wfb::member_of belize icrm );; line 11960 (wfb::member_of belize ida );; line 11960 (wfb::member_of belize ifad );; line 11960 (wfb::member_of belize ifc );; line 11960 (wfb::member_of belize ifrcs );; line 11960 (wfb::member_of belize ilo );; line 11960 (wfb::member_of belize imf );; line 11960 (wfb::member_of belize imo );; line 11960 (wfb::member_of belize intelsat );; line 11960 (wfb::comment member_of belize intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 11960 (wfb::member_of belize interpol );; line 11960 (wfb::member_of belize ioc );; line 11960 (wfb::member_of belize iom );; line 11960 (wfb::comment member_of belize iom "observer" );; line 11960 (wfb::member_of belize itu );; line 11960 (wfb::member_of belize laes );; line 11960 (wfb::member_of belize nam );; line 11960 (wfb::member_of belize oas );; line 11960 (wfb::member_of belize un );; line 11960 (wfb::member_of belize unctad );; line 11960 (wfb::member_of belize unesco );; line 11960 (wfb::member_of belize unido );; line 11960 (wfb::member_of belize upu );; line 11960 (wfb::member_of belize wcl );; line 11960 (wfb::member_of belize who );; line 11960 (wfb::member_of belize wmo );; line 11960 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us belize chief_of_mission "Ambassador Dean R. LINDO" );; line 11968 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us belize chancery "2535 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 11970 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us belize telephone "[1] (202) 332-9636" );; line 11972 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us belize fax "[1] (202) 332-6888" );; line 11974 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us belize |consulate(s) general| "Los Angeles" );; line 11976 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us belize |consulate(s)| "New York" );; line 11978 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation belize chief_of_mission "Ambassador George Charles BRUNO" );; line 11983 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation belize embassy "Gabourel Lane and Hutson Street, Belize City" );; line 11985 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation belize mailing_address "P. O. Box 286, Belize City; APO: Unit 7401, APO AA 34025" );; line 11987 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation belize telephone "[501] (2) 77161 through 77163" );; line 11989 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation belize fax "[501] (2) 30802" );; line 11991 (wfb::flag belize "blue with a narrow red stripe along the top and the bottom edges; centered is a large white disk bearing the coat of arms; the coat of arms features a shield flanked by two workers in front of a mahogany tree with the related motto SUB UMBRA FLOREO (I Flourish in the Shade) on a scroll at the bottom, all encircled by a green garland" );; line 11995 (wfb::overview belize "The small, essentially private enterprise economy is based primarily on agriculture, agro-based industry, and merchandising, with tourism and construction assuming increasing importance. Agriculture accounts for about 30% of GDP and provides 75% of export earnings, while sugar, the chief crop, accounts for almost 40% of hard currency earnings. The US, Belize's main trading partner, is assisting in efforts to reduce dependency on sugar with an agricultural diversification program." );; line 12004 (wfb::estimation-date national_product belize date_1994 );; line 12014 (wfb::national_product belize (* 575e6 $) );; line 12014 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate belize date_1994 );; line 12018 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate belize (* 2 %) );; line 12018 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita belize date_1994 );; line 12022 (wfb::national_product_per_capita belize (* 2750 $) );; line 12022 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| belize "5.5% (1991)" );; line 12026 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate belize date_1993 );; line 12030 (wfb::unemployment_rate belize (* 10 %) );; line 12030 (wfb::budget belize revenues (* 126.8e6 $) );; line 12035 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year budget belize 90 );; line 12037 (wfb::budget belize expenditures (* 123.1e6 $) );; line 12037 (wfb::budget belize capital_expenditures (* 44.8e6 $) );; line 12037 (wfb::exports belize (* 115e6 $) );; line 12042 (wfb::exports belize commodities sugar-commodity n/a );; line 12044 (wfb::exports belize commodities citrus_fruits n/a );; line 12044 (wfb::exports belize commodities bananas n/a );; line 12044 (wfb::exports belize commodities clothing-commodity n/a );; line 12044 (wfb::exports belize commodities fish_products n/a );; line 12044 (wfb::exports belize commodities molasses n/a );; line 12044 (wfb::exports belize commodities wood n/a );; line 12044 (wfb::measurement-date exports belize date_1992 );; line 12047 (wfb::exports belize partners us (* 51 %) );; line 12047 (wfb::exports belize partners uk n/a );; line 12047 (wfb::imports belize (* 281e6 $) );; line 12051 (wfb::imports belize commodities machinery_and_transportation_equipment n/a );; line 12053 (wfb::imports belize commodities food n/a );; line 12053 (wfb::imports belize commodities manufactured_goods n/a );; line 12053 (wfb::imports belize commodities fuels n/a );; line 12053 (wfb::imports belize commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 12053 (wfb::imports belize commodities pharmaceuticals n/a );; line 12053 (wfb::measurement-date imports belize date_1992 );; line 12056 (wfb::imports belize partners us (* 57 %) );; line 12056 (wfb::imports belize partners uk (* 8 %) );; line 12056 (wfb::imports belize partners mexico n/a );; line 12056 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt belize date_1992 );; line 12060 (wfb::external_debt belize (* 158e6 $) );; line 12060 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1990 );; line 12064 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production belize date_1990 );; line 12064 (wfb::industrial_production belize growth_rate (* 3.7 %) );; line 12064 (wfb::industrial_production belize accounts_for (* 12 %_of_gdp) );; line 12064 (wfb::electricity belize capacity (* 34532 kw) );; line 12069 (wfb::electricity belize production (* 110e6 kwh) );; line 12071 (wfb::measurement-date electricity belize consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 12073 (wfb::electricity belize consumption_per_capita (* 490 kwh) );; line 12073 (wfb::industry belize garment_production );; line 12077 (wfb::industry belize food_processing );; line 12077 (wfb::industry belize tourism );; line 12077 (wfb::industry belize construction-industry );; line 12077 (wfb::agriculture belize "commercial crops: bananas, coca, citrus fruits, fish, cultured shrimp, lumber" );; line 12081 (wfb::illicit_drugs belize "transshipment point for cocaine; an illicit producer of cannabis for the international drug trade; minor money-laundering center" );; line 12086 (wfb::economic_aid belize recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $104 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $215 million" );; line 12092 (wfb::abbreviation belizean_dollar "Bz$" );; line 12097 (wfb::currency belize belizean_dollar 100 cents );; line 12097 (wfb::exchange_rates belize "Belizean dollars (Bz$) per US$1 - 2.00 (fixed rate)" );; line 12101 (wfb::fiscal_year belize date_1_apr date_31_mar );; line 12105 (wfb::railroads belize "0 km" );; line 12110 (wfb::highways belize total (* 2710 km) );; line 12115 (wfb::highways belize paved (* 500 km) );; line 12117 (wfb::highways belize gravel (* 1600 km) );; line 12119 (wfb::highways belize improved_earth (* 300 km) );; line 12119 (wfb::highways belize unimproved_earth (* 310 km) );; line 12119 (wfb::inland_waterways belize "825 km river network used by shallow-draft craft; seasonally navigable" );; line 12123 (wfb::port belize belize_city-belize );; line 12128 (wfb::port belize big_creek-belize );; line 12128 (wfb::port belize corozol-belize );; line 12128 (wfb::port belize punta_gorda-belize );; line 12128 (wfb::merchant_marine belize total "41 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 170,002 GRT/270,893 DWT" );; line 12133 (wfb::merchant_marine belize ships_by_type "bulk 5, cargo 25, container 4, oil tanker 2, refrigerated cargo 1, roll-on/roll-off cargo 3, vehicle carrier 1" );; line 12135 (wfb::airports belize total 46 );; line 12141 (wfb::airports belize |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 1 );; line 12143 (wfb::airports belize with_paved_runways_under_914_m 35 );; line 12145 (wfb::airports belize |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 12147 (wfb::airports belize |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 9 );; line 12149 (wfb::telephone_system belize "8,650 telephones; above-average system based on microwave radio relay" );; line 12154 (wfb::telephone_system belize local "NA" );; line 12157 (wfb::telephone_system belize intercity "microwave radio relay" );; line 12159 (wfb::telephone_system belize international "1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station" );; line 12161 (wfb::radio belize broadcast_stations am 6 );; line 12166 (wfb::radio belize broadcast_stations fm 5 );; line 12166 (wfb::radio belize broadcast_stations shortwave 1 );; line 12166 (wfb::radio belize radios n/a );; line 12168 (wfb::television belize broadcast_stations 1 );; line 12173 (wfb::television belize televisions n/a );; line 12175 (wfb::comment defense_branch belize belize_defense_force_belize "includes Army, Navy, Air Force, and Volunteer Guard" );; line 12181 (wfb::defense_branch belize belize_defense_force_belize );; line 12181 (wfb::defense_branch belize belize_national_police_belize );; line 12181 (wfb::manpower_availability belize "males age 15-49 50,499; males fit for military service 30,040; males reach military age (18) annually 2,285 (1995 est.)" );; line 12186 (wfb::for-fiscal-year defense_expenditures belize 93 );; line 12191 (wfb::defense_expenditures belize (* 11e6 $) );; line 12191 (wfb::defense_expenditures belize (* 2.2 %_of_gdp) );; line 12191 (wfb::markup-parameter figure benin "graphno=\"bn.tif\"" );; line 12197 (wfb::location benin "Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Nigeria and Togo" );; line 12201 (wfb::map_references benin "Africa" );; line 12206 (wfb::area benin total_area (* 112620 sq_km) );; line 12211 (wfb::area benin land_area (* 110620 sq_km) );; line 12213 (wfb::area benin comparative_area "slightly smaller than Pennsylvania" );; line 12215 (wfb::borders benin total (* 1989 km) );; line 12219 (wfb::borders benin burkina (* 306 km) );; line 12219 (wfb::borders benin niger (* 266 km) );; line 12219 (wfb::borders benin nigeria (* 773 km) );; line 12219 (wfb::borders benin togo (* 644 km) );; line 12219 (wfb::coastline benin (* 121 km) );; line 12224 (wfb::maritime_claims benin territorial_sea (* 200 nm) );; line 12229 (wfb::international_disputes benin "none" );; line 12233 (wfb::climate benin "tropical" );; line 12237 (wfb::climate benin "hot, humid in south" );; line 12237 (wfb::climate benin "semiarid in north" );; line 12237 (wfb::terrain benin "mostly flat to undulating plain" );; line 12241 (wfb::terrain benin "some hills and low mountains" );; line 12241 (wfb::natural-resource benin small_offshore_oil_deposits );; line 12245 (wfb::natural-resource benin limestone );; line 12245 (wfb::natural-resource benin marble );; line 12245 (wfb::natural-resource benin timber );; line 12245 (wfb::land_use benin arable_land (* 12 %) );; line 12250 (wfb::land_use benin permanent_crops (* 4 %) );; line 12252 (wfb::land_use benin meadows_and_pastures (* 4 %) );; line 12254 (wfb::land_use benin forest_and_woodland (* 35 %) );; line 12256 (wfb::land_use benin other (* 45 %) );; line 12258 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land benin date_1989 );; line 12262 (wfb::irrigated_land benin (* 60 sq_km) );; line 12262 (wfb::environment benin current_issues "recent droughts have severely affected marginal agriculture in north" );; line 12267 (wfb::environment benin current_issues "inadequate supplies of potable water" );; line 12267 (wfb::environment benin current_issues "poaching threatens wildlife populations" );; line 12267 (wfb::environment benin current_issues "deforestation" );; line 12267 (wfb::environment benin current_issues "desertification" );; line 12267 (wfb::environment benin natural_hazards "hot, dry, dusty harmattan wind may affect north in winter" );; line 12271 (wfb::environment benin international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection" );; line 12273 (wfb::environment benin international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Desertification, Law of the Sea" );; line 12273 (wfb::note benin "no natural harbors" );; line 12279 (wfb::estimation-date population benin date_jul_1995 );; line 12285 (wfb::population benin 5522677 );; line 12285 (wfb::age_structure benin 0-14_years (* 48 %) );; line 12290 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex benin 0-14_years female 1324553 );; line 12290 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex benin 0-14_years male 1333673 );; line 12290 (wfb::age_structure benin 15-64_years (* 49 %) );; line 12292 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex benin 15-64_years female 1431630 );; line 12292 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex benin 15-64_years male 1299180 );; line 12292 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure benin 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 12294 (wfb::age_structure benin 65_years_and_over (* 3 %) );; line 12294 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex benin 65_years_and_over female 74119 );; line 12294 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex benin 65_years_and_over male 59522 );; line 12294 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate benin date_1995 );; line 12298 (wfb::population_growth_rate benin (* 3.33 %) );; line 12298 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate benin date_1995 );; line 12302 (wfb::birth_rate benin (* 47.25 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 12302 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate benin date_1995 );; line 12306 (wfb::death_rate benin (* 13.93 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 12306 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate benin date_1995 );; line 12310 (wfb::net_migration_rate benin (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 12310 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate benin date_1995 );; line 12314 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate benin (* 107.6 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 12314 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth benin total_population (* 52.24 years) );; line 12319 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth benin male (* 50.34 years) );; line 12321 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth benin female date_1995 );; line 12323 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth benin female (* 54.2 years) );; line 12323 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate benin date_1995 );; line 12327 (wfb::total_fertility_rate benin (* 6.72 children_born/woman) );; line 12327 (wfb::nationality benin noun "Beninese (singular and plural)" );; line 12332 (wfb::nationality benin adjective "Beninese" );; line 12334 (wfb::comment ethnic-entity "42 ethnic groups, most important being Fon, Adja, Yoruba, Bariba" );; line 12338 (wfb::ethnic-entity benin african (* 99 %) );; line 12338 (wfb::ethnic-entity benin |Europeans 5,500| n/a );; line 12338 (wfb::religion benin indigenous_beliefs (* 70 %) );; line 12343 (wfb::religion benin muslim (* 15 %) );; line 12343 (wfb::religion benin christian (* 15 %) );; line 12343 (wfb::language benin french n/a );; line 12347 (wfb::comment language benin french "official" );; line 12347 (wfb::language benin fon_and_yoruba n/a );; line 12347 (wfb::comment language benin fon_and_yoruba "most common vernaculars in south" );; line 12347 (wfb::language benin tribal_languages n/a );; line 12347 (wfb::comment language benin tribal_languages "at least six major ones in north" );; line 12347 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition benin date_1990 );; line 12352 (wfb::literacy-condition benin "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 12352 (wfb::literacy benin total_population (* 23 %) );; line 12354 (wfb::literacy benin male (* 32 %) );; line 12356 (wfb::literacy benin female (* 16 %) );; line 12358 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force benin date_1987 );; line 12362 (wfb::total_labor_force benin 1.9e6 );; line 12362 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation benin agriculture (* 60 %) );; line 12364 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation benin transport n/a );; line 12364 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation benin commerce n/a );; line 12364 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation benin public_services (* 38 %) );; line 12364 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation benin industry_less_than (* 2 %) );; line 12364 (wfb::names benin conventional_long_form "Republic of Benin" );; line 12371 (wfb::names benin conventional_short_form "Benin" );; line 12373 (wfb::names benin local_long_form "Republique du Benin" );; line 12375 (wfb::names benin local_short_form "Benin" );; line 12377 (wfb::names benin former "Dahomey" );; line 12379 (wfb::digraph benin "BN" );; line 12383 (wfb::type benin "republic under multiparty democratic rule dropped Marxism-Leninism December 1989; democratic reforms adopted February 1990; transition to multiparty system completed 4 April 1991" );; line 12387 (wfb::capital benin porto-novo-benin );; line 12393 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_benin_provinces "provinces" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 12397 (wfb::administrative_divisions benin adm_div_benin_provinces 6 );; line 12397 (wfb::administrative_division_of benin adm_div_benin_provinces "Atakora" );; line 12397 (wfb::administrative_division_of benin adm_div_benin_provinces "Atlantique" );; line 12397 (wfb::administrative_division_of benin adm_div_benin_provinces "Borgou" );; line 12397 (wfb::administrative_division_of benin adm_div_benin_provinces "Mono" );; line 12397 (wfb::administrative_division_of benin adm_div_benin_provinces "Oueme" );; line 12397 (wfb::administrative_division_of benin adm_div_benin_provinces "Zou" );; line 12397 (wfb::independence benin date_1_aug_1960 "France" );; line 12401 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1990 );; line 12405 (wfb::comment national_holiday benin "1990" );; line 12405 (wfb::national_holiday benin "National Day" date_1_aug );; line 12405 (wfb::constitution benin "2 December 1990" );; line 12409 (wfb::legal_system benin "based on French civil law and customary law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 12413 (wfb::comment suffrage benin " universal" );; line 12418 (wfb::suffrage benin (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 12418 (wfb::comment executive_branch benin chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "election last held 10 and 24 March 1991 (next election 1996)" );; line 12423 (wfb::comment executive_branch benin chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "results - Nicephore SOGLO 68%, Mathieu KEREKOU 32%" );; line 12423 (wfb::executive_branch benin chief_of_state "President Nicephore SOGLO " date_4_apr_1991 );; line 12423 (wfb::executive_branch benin head_of_government "President Nicephore SOGLO " date_4_apr_1991 );; line 12423 (wfb::comment executive_branch benin cabinet "appointed by the president" );; line 12427 (wfb::executive_branch benin cabinet "Executive Council" );; line 12427 (wfb::legislative_structure benin unicameral n/a );; line 12431 (wfb::legislative_branch benin "National Assembly (Assemblee Nationale)" "elections last held 28 March 1995; results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (83 total) Renaissance Party and allies 20, PRD 19, FARD-ALAFIA 10, PSD 7, NCC 3, RDL-VIVOTEN 3, Communist Party 2, Alliance Chameleon 1, RDP 1, ADP 1, other 16" );; line 12433 (wfb::judicial_branch benin "Supreme Court (Cour Supreme)" );; line 12440 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders benin "as of August 1994, 72 political parties were officially recognized; the following are among the most important: Alliance of the Democratic Union for the Forces of Progress (UDFP), Timothee ADANLIN; Movement for Democracy and Social Progress (MDPS), Jean-Roger AHOYO; Union for Liberty and Development (ULD), Marcellin DEGBE; Alliance of the National Party for Democracy and Development (PNDD) and the Democratic Renewal Party (PRD), Pascal Chabi KAO; Alliance of the Social Democratic Party (PSD) and the National Union for Solidarity and Progress (UNSP), Bruno AMOUSSOU; Our Common Cause (NCC), Albert TEVOEDJRE; National Rally for Democracy (RND), Joseph KEKE; Alliance of the National Movement for Democracy and Development (MNDD), leader NA; Movement for Solidarity, Union, and Progress (MSUP), Adebo ADENIYI; Union for Democracy and National Reconstruction (UDRN), Azaria FAKOREDE; Union for Democracy and National Solidarity (UDS), Mama Amadou N'DIAYE; Assembly of Liberal Democrats for National Reconstruction (RDL), Severin ADJOVI; Alliance for Social Democracy (ASD), Robert DOSSOU; Bloc for Social Democracy (BSD), Michel MAGNIDE; Alliance for Democracy and Progress (ADP), Akindes ADEKPEDJOU, and the Democratic Union for Social Renewal (UDRS), Bio Gado Seko N'GOYE; National Union for Democracy and Progress (UNDP), Robert TAGNON; Party for Progress and Democracy, Thiophile NATA; FARD-ALAFIA, Mathieu KEREKOU; The Renaissance Party, Nicephore SOGLO; The Patriotic Union for the Republic (UPR), Jean-Marie ZAHOUN; Union for the Conservation of Democracy, Bernard HOUEGNON" );; line 12444 (wfb::member_of benin acct );; line 12468 (wfb::member_of benin acp );; line 12468 (wfb::member_of benin afdb );; line 12468 (wfb::member_of benin ceao );; line 12468 (wfb::member_of benin eca );; line 12468 (wfb::member_of benin ecowas );; line 12468 (wfb::member_of benin entente );; line 12468 (wfb::member_of benin fao );; line 12468 (wfb::member_of benin fz );; line 12468 (wfb::member_of benin g-77 );; line 12468 (wfb::member_of benin gatt );; line 12468 (wfb::member_of benin ibrd );; line 12468 (wfb::member_of benin icao );; line 12468 (wfb::member_of benin icftu );; line 12468 (wfb::member_of benin icrm );; line 12468 (wfb::member_of benin ida );; line 12468 (wfb::member_of benin idb );; line 12468 (wfb::member_of benin ifad );; line 12468 (wfb::member_of benin ifc );; line 12468 (wfb::member_of benin ifrcs );; line 12468 (wfb::member_of benin ilo );; line 12468 (wfb::member_of benin imf );; line 12468 (wfb::member_of benin imo );; line 12468 (wfb::member_of benin intelsat );; line 12468 (wfb::member_of benin interpol );; line 12468 (wfb::member_of benin ioc );; line 12468 (wfb::member_of benin itu );; line 12468 (wfb::member_of benin nam );; line 12468 (wfb::member_of benin oau );; line 12468 (wfb::member_of benin oic );; line 12468 (wfb::member_of benin un );; line 12468 (wfb::member_of benin unctad );; line 12468 (wfb::member_of benin unesco );; line 12468 (wfb::member_of benin unido );; line 12468 (wfb::member_of benin upu );; line 12468 (wfb::member_of benin wadb );; line 12468 (wfb::member_of benin wcl );; line 12468 (wfb::member_of benin wftu );; line 12468 (wfb::member_of benin who );; line 12468 (wfb::member_of benin wipo );; line 12468 (wfb::member_of benin wmo );; line 12468 (wfb::member_of benin wto );; line 12468 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us benin chief_of_mission "Ambassador Lucien Edgar TONOUKOUIN" );; line 12476 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us benin chancery "2737 Cathedral Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 12478 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us benin telephone "[1] (202) 232-6656, 6657, 6658" );; line 12480 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us benin fax "[1] (202) 265-1996" );; line 12482 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation benin chief_of_mission "Ambassador Ruth A. DAVIS" );; line 12487 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation benin embassy "Rue Caporal Bernard Anani, Cotonou" );; line 12489 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation benin mailing_address "B. P. 2012, Cotonou" );; line 12491 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation benin telephone "[229] 30-06-50, 30-05-13, 30-17-92" );; line 12493 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation benin fax "[229] 41-15-22" );; line 12495 (wfb::flag benin "two equal horizontal bands of yellow (top) and red with a vertical green band on the hoist side" );; line 12499 (wfb::overview benin "The economy of Benin remains underdeveloped and dependent on subsistence agriculture, cotton production, and regional trade. Growth in real output has averaged a sound 4% in 1991-94 but this rate barely exceeds the rapid population growth of 3.3%. Inflation jumped to 35% in 1994 (compared to 3% in 1993) following the 50% currency devaluation in January. Commercial and transport activities, which make up almost 36% of GDP, are extremely vulnerable to developments in Nigeria as evidenced by decreased reexport trade in 1994 due to a severe contraction in Nigerian demand. The industrial sector accounts for less than 10% of GDP and mainly produces foods, beverages, cement, and textiles. Support by the Paris Club and official bilateral creditors has eased the external debt situation in recent years. The government, still burdened with money-losing state enterprises and a bloated civil service, is gradually implementing a World Bank supported structural adjustment program." );; line 12505 (wfb::estimation-date national_product benin date_1994 );; line 12522 (wfb::national_product benin (* 6.7e9 $) );; line 12522 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate benin date_1994 );; line 12526 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate benin (* 4 %) );; line 12526 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita benin date_1994 );; line 12530 (wfb::national_product_per_capita benin (* 1260 $) );; line 12530 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| benin "35% (1994 est.)" );; line 12534 (wfb::unemployment_rate benin (* n/a %) );; line 12538 (wfb::estimation-date budget benin date_1993 );; line 12543 (wfb::estimation-date budget benin revenues date_1993 );; line 12543 (wfb::budget benin revenues (* 272e6 $) );; line 12543 (wfb::estimation-date budget benin date_1993 );; line 12545 (wfb::budget benin expenditures (* 375e6 $) );; line 12545 (wfb::budget benin capital_expenditures (* 84e6 $) );; line 12545 (wfb::exports benin (* 332e6 $) );; line 12550 (wfb::exports benin commodities cotton n/a );; line 12552 (wfb::exports benin commodities crude_oil n/a );; line 12552 (wfb::exports benin commodities palm_products n/a );; line 12552 (wfb::exports benin commodities cocoa n/a );; line 12552 (wfb::exports benin partners frg (* 36 %) );; line 12554 (wfb::exports benin partners france (* 16 %) );; line 12554 (wfb::exports benin partners spain (* 14 %) );; line 12554 (wfb::exports benin partners italy (* 8 %) );; line 12554 (wfb::exports benin partners uk (* 4 %) );; line 12554 (wfb::imports benin (* 571e6 $) );; line 12558 (wfb::imports benin commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 12560 (wfb::imports benin commodities beverages n/a );; line 12560 (wfb::imports benin commodities tobacco n/a );; line 12560 (wfb::imports benin commodities petroleum_products-commodity n/a );; line 12560 (wfb::imports benin commodities intermediate_goods n/a );; line 12560 (wfb::imports benin commodities capital_goods n/a );; line 12560 (wfb::imports benin commodities light_consumer_goods n/a );; line 12560 (wfb::imports benin partners france (* 20 %) );; line 12563 (wfb::imports benin partners thailand (* 8 %) );; line 12563 (wfb::imports benin partners netherlands (* 7 %) );; line 12563 (wfb::imports benin partners us (* 5 %) );; line 12563 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt benin date_dec_1990 );; line 12567 (wfb::external_debt benin (* 1e9 $) );; line 12567 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1988 );; line 12571 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production benin date_1988 );; line 12571 (wfb::industrial_production benin growth_rate (* -0.7 %) );; line 12571 (wfb::industrial_production benin accounts_for (* 10 %_of_gdp) );; line 12571 (wfb::electricity benin capacity (* 30000 kw) );; line 12576 (wfb::electricity benin production (* 10e6 kwh) );; line 12578 (wfb::measurement-date electricity benin consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 12580 (wfb::electricity benin consumption_per_capita (* 25 kwh) );; line 12580 (wfb::industry benin textiles );; line 12584 (wfb::industry benin cigarettes );; line 12584 (wfb::industry benin construction_materials-industry );; line 12584 (wfb::industry benin beverages-industry );; line 12584 (wfb::industry benin food-industry );; line 12584 (wfb::industry benin petroleum-industry );; line 12584 (wfb::agriculture benin "accounts for 35% of GDP; small farms produce 90% of agricultural output; production is dominated by food crops - corn, sorghum, cassava, yams, beans, rice; cash crops include cotton, palm oil, peanuts; poultry and livestock output has not kept up with consumption" );; line 12589 (wfb::illicit_drugs benin "transshipment point for narcotics associated with Nigerian trafficking organizations and most commonly destined for Western Europe and the US" );; line 12596 (wfb::economic_aid benin recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $46 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $1.3 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $19 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $101 million" );; line 12602 (wfb::abbreviation cfa_franc "CFAF" );; line 12609 (wfb::currency benin cfa_franc 100 centimes );; line 12609 (wfb::exchange_rates benin "Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (CFAF) per US$1 - 529.43 (January 1995), 555.20 (1994), 283.16 (1993), 264.69 (1992), 282.11 (1991), 272.26 (1990)" );; line 12613 (wfb::comment exchange_rates benin "beginning 12 January 1994 the CFA franc was devalued to CFAF 100 per French franc from CFAF 50 at which it had been fixed since 1948" );; line 12617 (wfb::fiscal_year benin date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 12622 (wfb::railroads benin total "578 km (single track)" );; line 12628 (wfb::railroads benin narrow_gauge "578 km 1.000-m gauge" );; line 12630 (wfb::highways benin total (* 8435 km) );; line 12635 (wfb::highways benin paved (* 1038 km) );; line 12637 (wfb::highways benin crushed_stone (* 2600 km) );; line 12639 (wfb::highways benin improved_earth (* 1530 km) );; line 12639 (wfb::highways benin unimproved_earth (* 3267 km) );; line 12639 (wfb::inland_waterways benin "navigable along small sections, important only locally" );; line 12644 (wfb::port benin cotonou-benin );; line 12648 (wfb::port benin porto-novo-benin );; line 12648 (wfb::merchant_marine benin "none" );; line 12652 (wfb::airports benin total 7 );; line 12657 (wfb::airports benin |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 12659 (wfb::airports benin |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 1 );; line 12661 (wfb::airports benin |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 1 );; line 12663 (wfb::airports benin |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 4 );; line 12665 (wfb::telephone_system benin "NA telephones; fair system of open wire and microwave radio relay" );; line 12670 (wfb::telephone_system benin local "NA" );; line 12672 (wfb::telephone_system benin intercity "microwave radio relay and open wire" );; line 12674 (wfb::telephone_system benin international "1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth station, submarine cable" );; line 12676 (wfb::radio benin broadcast_stations am 2 );; line 12681 (wfb::radio benin broadcast_stations fm 2 );; line 12681 (wfb::radio benin broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 12681 (wfb::radio benin radios n/a );; line 12683 (wfb::television benin broadcast_stations 2 );; line 12688 (wfb::television benin televisions n/a );; line 12690 (wfb::comment defense_branch benin armed_forces_benin "includes Army, Navy, Air Force" );; line 12696 (wfb::defense_branch benin armed_forces_benin );; line 12696 (wfb::defense_branch benin national_gendarmerie_benin );; line 12696 (wfb::manpower_availability benin "males age 15-49 1,165,463; females age 15-49 1,249,234; males fit for military service 596,956; females fit for military service 631,780; males reach military age (18) annually 60,282 (1995 est.); females reach military age (18) annually 58,770 (1995 est.)" );; line 12701 (wfb::comment manpower_availability benin "both sexes are liable for miltary service" );; line 12706 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures benin date_1994 );; line 12710 (wfb::defense_expenditures benin (* 33e6 $) );; line 12710 (wfb::defense_expenditures benin (* 3.2 %_of_gdp) );; line 12710 (wfb::markup-parameter figure bermuda "graphno=\"bd.tif\"" );; line 12716 (wfb::header bermuda "(dependent territory of the UK)" );; line 12716 (wfb::location bermuda "North America, group of islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, east of North Carolina (US)" );; line 12721 (wfb::map_references bermuda "North America" );; line 12726 (wfb::area bermuda total_area (* 50 sq_km) );; line 12731 (wfb::area bermuda land_area (* 50 sq_km) );; line 12733 (wfb::area bermuda comparative_area "about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 12735 (wfb::coastline bermuda (* 103 km) );; line 12743 (wfb::maritime_claims bermuda exclusive_fishing_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 12748 (wfb::maritime_claims bermuda territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 12750 (wfb::international_disputes bermuda "none" );; line 12754 (wfb::climate bermuda "subtropical" );; line 12758 (wfb::climate bermuda "mild, humid" );; line 12758 (wfb::climate bermuda "gales, strong winds common in winter" );; line 12758 (wfb::terrain bermuda "low hills separated by fertile depressions" );; line 12762 (wfb::natural-resource bermuda limestone );; line 12766 (wfb::natural-resource bermuda pleasant_climate_fostering_tourism );; line 12766 (wfb::land_use bermuda arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 12771 (wfb::land_use bermuda permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 12773 (wfb::land_use bermuda meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 12775 (wfb::land_use bermuda forest_and_woodland (* 20 %) );; line 12777 (wfb::land_use bermuda other (* 80 %) );; line 12779 (wfb::irrigated_land bermuda (* n/a sq_km) );; line 12783 (wfb::environment bermuda current_issues "NA" );; line 12788 (wfb::environment bermuda natural_hazards "hurricanes (June to November)" );; line 12790 (wfb::environment bermuda international_agreements "NA" );; line 12792 (wfb::note bermuda "consists of about 360 small coral islands with ample rainfall, but no rivers or freshwater lakes; some reclaimed land leased by US Government" );; line 12796 (wfb::estimation-date population bermuda date_jul_1995 );; line 12804 (wfb::population bermuda 61629 );; line 12804 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate bermuda date_1995 );; line 12817 (wfb::population_growth_rate bermuda (* 0.76 %) );; line 12817 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate bermuda date_1995 );; line 12821 (wfb::birth_rate bermuda (* 15.07 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 12821 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate bermuda date_1995 );; line 12825 (wfb::death_rate bermuda (* 7.3 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 12825 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate bermuda date_1995 );; line 12829 (wfb::net_migration_rate bermuda (* -0.13 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 12829 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate bermuda date_1995 );; line 12833 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate bermuda (* 13.16 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 12833 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth bermuda total_population (* 75.03 years) );; line 12838 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth bermuda male (* 73.36 years) );; line 12840 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth bermuda female date_1995 );; line 12842 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth bermuda female (* 76.97 years) );; line 12842 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate bermuda date_1995 );; line 12846 (wfb::total_fertility_rate bermuda (* 1.81 children_born/woman) );; line 12846 (wfb::nationality bermuda noun "Bermudian(s)" );; line 12851 (wfb::nationality bermuda adjective "Bermudian" );; line 12853 (wfb::ethnic-entity bermuda black (* 61 %) );; line 12857 (wfb::ethnic-entity bermuda white_and_other (* 39 %) );; line 12857 (wfb::religion bermuda anglican (* 37 %) );; line 12861 (wfb::religion bermuda roman_catholic (* 14 %) );; line 12861 (wfb::religion bermuda |African Methodist Episcopal (Zion)| (* 10 %) );; line 12861 (wfb::religion bermuda methodist (* 6 %) );; line 12861 (wfb::religion bermuda seventh-day_adventist (* 5 %) );; line 12861 (wfb::language bermuda english n/a );; line 12866 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition bermuda date_1970 );; line 12870 (wfb::literacy-condition bermuda "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 12870 (wfb::literacy bermuda total_population (* 98 %) );; line 12872 (wfb::literacy bermuda male (* 98 %) );; line 12874 (wfb::literacy bermuda female (* 99 %) );; line 12876 (wfb::total_labor_force bermuda 32000 );; line 12880 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force bermuda by_occupation date_1984 );; line 12882 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1984 );; line 12882 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation bermuda clerical (* 25 %) );; line 12882 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation bermuda services (* 22 %) );; line 12882 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation bermuda laborers (* 21 %) );; line 12882 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation bermuda professional_and_technical (* 13 %) );; line 12882 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation bermuda administrative_and_managerial (* 10 %) );; line 12882 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation bermuda sales (* 7 %) );; line 12882 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation bermuda agriculture_and_fishing (* 2 %) );; line 12882 (wfb::names bermuda conventional_short_form "Bermuda" );; line 12892 (wfb::digraph bermuda "BD" );; line 12896 (wfb::type bermuda "dependent territory of the UK" );; line 12900 (wfb::capital bermuda hamilton-bermuda );; line 12904 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_bermuda_parishes "parishes" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 12908 (wfb::administrative_divisions bermuda adm_div_bermuda_parishes 9 );; line 12908 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_bermuda_municipalities "municipalities" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 12908 (wfb::administrative_divisions bermuda adm_div_bermuda_municipalities 2 );; line 12908 (wfb::administrative_division_of bermuda adm_div_bermuda_parishes "Devonshire" );; line 12908 (wfb::administrative_division_of bermuda adm_div_bermuda_parishes "Hamilton" );; line 12908 (wfb::administrative_division_of bermuda adm_div_bermuda_municipalities "Hamilton" );; line 12908 (wfb::administrative_division_of bermuda adm_div_bermuda_parishes "Paget" );; line 12908 (wfb::administrative_division_of bermuda adm_div_bermuda_parishes "Pembroke" );; line 12908 (wfb::administrative_division_of bermuda adm_div_bermuda_municipalities "Saint George" );; line 12908 (wfb::administrative_division_of bermuda adm_div_bermuda_parishes "Saint Georges" );; line 12908 (wfb::administrative_division_of bermuda adm_div_bermuda_parishes "Sandys" );; line 12908 (wfb::administrative_division_of bermuda adm_div_bermuda_parishes "Smiths" );; line 12908 (wfb::administrative_division_of bermuda adm_div_bermuda_parishes "Southampton" );; line 12908 (wfb::administrative_division_of bermuda adm_div_bermuda_parishes "Warwick" );; line 12908 (wfb::comment independence bermuda "dependent territory of the UK" );; line 12914 (wfb::national_holiday bermuda "Bermuda Day" date_24_may );; line 12918 (wfb::constitution bermuda "8 June 1968" );; line 12922 (wfb::legal_system bermuda "English law" );; line 12926 (wfb::comment suffrage bermuda " universal" );; line 12930 (wfb::suffrage bermuda (* 21 years_of_age) );; line 12930 (wfb::comment executive_branch bermuda head_of_government "Deputy Premier J. Irving PEARMAN (since 5 October 1993)" );; line 12938 (wfb::executive_branch bermuda head_of_government "Premier John William David SWAN " date_jan_1982 );; line 12938 (wfb::comment executive_branch bermuda cabinet "nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor" );; line 12941 (wfb::executive_branch bermuda cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 12941 (wfb::legislative_structure bermuda bicameral "Parliament" );; line 12945 (wfb::legislative_branch bermuda "Senate" "consists of an 11-member body appointed by the governor" );; line 12947 (wfb::legislative_branch bermuda "House of Assembly" "elections last held 5 October 1993 (next to be held by NA October 1998); results - percent of vote by party UBP 50%, PLP 46%, independents 4%; seats - (40 total) UBP 22, PLP 18" );; line 12949 (wfb::judicial_branch bermuda "Supreme Court" );; line 12955 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders bermuda "United Bermuda Party (UBP), John W. D. SWAN; Progressive Labor Party (PLP), Frederick WADE; National Liberal Party (NLP), Gilbert DARRELL" );; line 12959 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups bermuda "Bermuda Industrial Union (BIU), Ottiwell SIMMONS" );; line 12964 (wfb::member_of bermuda caricom );; line 12968 (wfb::comment member_of bermuda caricom "observer" );; line 12968 (wfb::member_of bermuda ccc );; line 12968 (wfb::member_of bermuda icftu );; line 12968 (wfb::member_of bermuda interpol );; line 12968 (wfb::comment member_of bermuda interpol "subbureau" );; line 12968 (wfb::member_of bermuda ioc );; line 12968 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us bermuda "none (dependent territory of the UK)" );; line 12972 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation bermuda chief_of_mission "Ambassador Robert A. FARMER" );; line 12977 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation bermuda |consulate(s) general| "Crown Hill, 16 Middle Road, Devonshire, Hamilton" );; line 12979 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation bermuda mailing_address "P. O. Box HM325, Hamilton HMBX; PSC 1002, FPO AE 09727-1002" );; line 12981 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation bermuda telephone "[1] (809) 295-1342" );; line 12983 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation bermuda fax "[1] (809) 295-1592" );; line 12985 (wfb::flag bermuda "red with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Bermudian coat of arms (white and blue shield with a red lion holding a scrolled shield showing the sinking of the ship Sea Venture off Bermuda in 1609) centered on the outer half of the flag" );; line 12989 (wfb::overview bermuda "Bermuda enjoys one of the highest per capita incomes in the world, having successfully exploited its location by providing luxury tourist facilities and financial services. The tourist industry attracts more than 90% of its business from North America. The industrial sector is small, and agriculture is severely limited by a lack of suitable land. About 80% of food needs are imported." );; line 12997 (wfb::estimation-date national_product bermuda date_1994 );; line 13006 (wfb::national_product bermuda (* 1.7e9 $) );; line 13006 (wfb::measurement-date national_product_real_growth_rate bermuda date_1994 );; line 13010 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate bermuda (* 2.5 %) );; line 13010 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita bermuda date_1994 );; line 13014 (wfb::national_product_per_capita bermuda (* 28000 $) );; line 13014 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| bermuda "2.5% (1993)" );; line 13018 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate bermuda date_1991 );; line 13022 (wfb::unemployment_rate bermuda (* 6 %) );; line 13022 (wfb::budget bermuda revenues (* 327.5e6 $) );; line 13027 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year budget bermuda 90 );; line 13029 (wfb::budget bermuda expenditures (* 308.9e6 $) );; line 13029 (wfb::budget bermuda capital_expenditures (* 35.4e6 $) );; line 13029 (wfb::exports bermuda (* 60e6 $) );; line 13034 (wfb::exports bermuda commodities semitropical_produce n/a );; line 13036 (wfb::exports bermuda commodities light_manufactures n/a );; line 13036 (wfb::exports bermuda commodities re-exports_of_pharmaceuticals n/a );; line 13036 (wfb::exports bermuda partners us (* 62.4 %) );; line 13039 (wfb::exports bermuda partners uk (* 20 %) );; line 13039 (wfb::imports bermuda (* 519e6 $) );; line 13043 (wfb::imports bermuda commodities fuel n/a );; line 13045 (wfb::imports bermuda commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 13045 (wfb::imports bermuda commodities machinery n/a );; line 13045 (wfb::imports bermuda partners us (* 38 %) );; line 13047 (wfb::imports bermuda partners uk (* 5 %) );; line 13047 (wfb::imports bermuda partners canada (* 5 %) );; line 13047 (wfb::external_debt bermuda (* n/a $) );; line 13051 (wfb::industrial_production bermuda growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 13055 (wfb::electricity bermuda capacity (* 140000 kw) );; line 13060 (wfb::electricity bermuda production (* 504e6 kwh) );; line 13062 (wfb::measurement-date electricity bermuda consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 13064 (wfb::electricity bermuda consumption_per_capita (* 7745 kwh) );; line 13064 (wfb::industry bermuda tourism );; line 13068 (wfb::industry bermuda finance );; line 13068 (wfb::industry bermuda structural_concrete_products );; line 13068 (wfb::industry bermuda paints );; line 13068 (wfb::industry bermuda pharmaceuticals-industry );; line 13068 (wfb::industry bermuda ship_repairing );; line 13068 (wfb::agriculture bermuda "accounts for less than 1% of GDP; most basic foods must be imported; produces bananas, vegetables, citrus fruits, flowers, dairy products" );; line 13073 (wfb::economic_aid bermuda recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-81), $34 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $277 million" );; line 13079 (wfb::abbreviation bermudian_dollar "Bd$" );; line 13084 (wfb::currency bermuda bermudian_dollar 100 cents );; line 13084 (wfb::exchange_rates bermuda "Bermudian dollar (Bd$) per US$1 - 1.0000 (fixed rate)" );; line 13088 (wfb::fiscal_year bermuda date_1_apr date_31_mar );; line 13092 (wfb::railroads bermuda "0 km" );; line 13097 (wfb::highways bermuda total (* 210 km) );; line 13102 (wfb::highways bermuda paved (* 210 km) );; line 13104 (wfb::comment highways bermuda "in addition, there are 400 km of paved and unpaved roads that are privately owned" );; line 13106 (wfb::port bermuda hamilton-bermuda );; line 13111 (wfb::port bermuda saint_george-bermuda );; line 13111 (wfb::merchant_marine bermuda total "65 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 3,144,245 GRT/5,152,030 DWT" );; line 13116 (wfb::merchant_marine bermuda ships_by_type "bulk 14, cargo 4, container 7, liquefied gas tanker 15, oil tanker 16, refrigerated cargo 2, roll-on/roll-off cargo 5, short-sea passenger 1, vehicle carrier 1" );; line 13118 (wfb::comment merchant_marine bermuda "a flag of convenience registry; includes 12 countries among which are UK 6 ships, Canada 4, US 4, Sweden 3, Hong Kong 2, Mexico 2, Norway 2, Australia 1, Germany 1, NZ 1" );; line 13122 (wfb::airports bermuda total 1 );; line 13129 (wfb::airports bermuda |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 13131 (wfb::telephone_system bermuda "52,670 telephones; modern, fully automatic telephone system" );; line 13136 (wfb::telephone_system bermuda local "NA" );; line 13138 (wfb::telephone_system bermuda intercity "NA" );; line 13140 (wfb::telephone_system bermuda international "3 submarine cables; 2 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth stations" );; line 13142 (wfb::radio bermuda broadcast_stations am 5 );; line 13147 (wfb::radio bermuda broadcast_stations fm 3 );; line 13147 (wfb::radio bermuda broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 13147 (wfb::radio bermuda radios n/a );; line 13149 (wfb::television bermuda broadcast_stations 2 );; line 13154 (wfb::television bermuda televisions n/a );; line 13156 (wfb::defense_branch bermuda bermuda_regiment_bermuda );; line 13162 (wfb::defense_branch bermuda bermuda_police_force_bermuda );; line 13162 (wfb::defense_branch bermuda bermuda_reserve_constabulary_bermuda );; line 13162 (wfb::note bermuda "defense is the responsibility of the UK" );; line 13171 (wfb::markup-parameter figure bhutan "graphno=\"bt.tif\"" );; line 13177 (wfb::location bhutan "Southern Asia, between China and India" );; line 13181 (wfb::map_references bhutan "Asia" );; line 13185 (wfb::area bhutan total_area (* 47000 sq_km) );; line 13190 (wfb::area bhutan land_area (* 47000 sq_km) );; line 13192 (wfb::area bhutan comparative_area "slightly more than half the size of Indiana" );; line 13194 (wfb::borders bhutan total (* 1075 km) );; line 13198 (wfb::borders bhutan china (* 470 km) );; line 13198 (wfb::borders bhutan india (* 605 km) );; line 13198 (wfb::comment coastline bhutan "landlocked" );; line 13202 (wfb::coastline bhutan (* 0 km) );; line 13202 (wfb::maritime_claims bhutan "none; landlocked" );; line 13206 (wfb::international_disputes bhutan "none" );; line 13210 (wfb::climate bhutan "varies" );; line 13214 (wfb::climate bhutan "tropical in southern plains" );; line 13214 (wfb::climate bhutan "cool winters and hot summers in central valleys" );; line 13214 (wfb::climate bhutan "severe winters and cool summers in Himalayas" );; line 13214 (wfb::terrain bhutan "mostly mountainous with some fertile valleys and savanna" );; line 13219 (wfb::natural-resource bhutan timber );; line 13223 (wfb::natural-resource bhutan hydropower-natural-resource );; line 13223 (wfb::natural-resource bhutan gypsum );; line 13223 (wfb::natural-resource bhutan calcium_carbide );; line 13223 (wfb::land_use bhutan arable_land (* 2 %) );; line 13228 (wfb::land_use bhutan permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 13230 (wfb::land_use bhutan meadows_and_pastures (* 5 %) );; line 13232 (wfb::land_use bhutan forest_and_woodland (* 70 %) );; line 13234 (wfb::land_use bhutan other (* 23 %) );; line 13236 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land bhutan date_1989 );; line 13240 (wfb::irrigated_land bhutan (* 340 sq_km) );; line 13240 (wfb::environment bhutan current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 13245 (wfb::environment bhutan current_issues "limited access to potable water" );; line 13245 (wfb::environment bhutan natural_hazards "violent storms coming down from the Himalayas are the source of the country's name which translates as Land of the Thunder Dragon" );; line 13247 (wfb::environment bhutan natural_hazards "frequent landslides during the rainy season" );; line 13247 (wfb::environment bhutan international_agreements "party to - Nuclear Test Ban" );; line 13251 (wfb::environment bhutan international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Law of the Sea" );; line 13251 (wfb::note bhutan "landlocked; strategic location between China and India; controls several key Himalayan mountain passes" );; line 13256 (wfb::estimation-date population bhutan date_jul_1995 );; line 13263 (wfb::population bhutan 1780638 );; line 13263 (wfb::comment population bhutan "other estimates range as low as 600,000" );; line 13265 (wfb::age_structure bhutan 0-14_years (* 40 %) );; line 13270 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex bhutan 0-14_years female 342276 );; line 13270 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex bhutan 0-14_years male 368916 );; line 13270 (wfb::age_structure bhutan 15-64_years (* 56 %) );; line 13272 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex bhutan 15-64_years female 486258 );; line 13272 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex bhutan 15-64_years male 513560 );; line 13272 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure bhutan 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 13274 (wfb::age_structure bhutan 65_years_and_over (* 4 %) );; line 13274 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex bhutan 65_years_and_over female 34215 );; line 13274 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex bhutan 65_years_and_over male 35413 );; line 13274 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate bhutan date_1995 );; line 13278 (wfb::population_growth_rate bhutan (* 2.34 %) );; line 13278 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate bhutan date_1995 );; line 13282 (wfb::birth_rate bhutan (* 39.02 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 13282 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate bhutan date_1995 );; line 13286 (wfb::death_rate bhutan (* 15.61 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 13286 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate bhutan date_1995 );; line 13290 (wfb::net_migration_rate bhutan (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 13290 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate bhutan date_1995 );; line 13294 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate bhutan (* 118.6 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 13294 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth bhutan total_population (* 51.03 years) );; line 13299 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth bhutan male (* 51.56 years) );; line 13301 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth bhutan female date_1995 );; line 13303 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth bhutan female (* 50.48 years) );; line 13303 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate bhutan date_1995 );; line 13307 (wfb::total_fertility_rate bhutan (* 5.39 children_born/woman) );; line 13307 (wfb::nationality bhutan noun "Bhutanese (singular and plural)" );; line 13312 (wfb::nationality bhutan adjective "Bhutanese" );; line 13314 (wfb::ethnic-entity bhutan bhote (* 50 %) );; line 13318 (wfb::ethnic-entity bhutan ethnic_nepalese (* 35 %) );; line 13318 (wfb::ethnic-entity bhutan indigenous_or_migrant_tribes (* 15 %) );; line 13318 (wfb::religion bhutan lamaistic_buddhism (* 75 %) );; line 13322 (wfb::religion bhutan indian-_and_nepalese-influenced_hinduism (* 25 %) );; line 13322 (wfb::language bhutan dzongkha n/a );; line 13327 (wfb::comment language bhutan dzongkha "official" );; line 13327 (wfb::language bhutan bhotes_speak_various_tibetan_dialects n/a );; line 13327 (wfb::language bhutan nepalese_speak_various_nepalese_dialects n/a );; line 13327 (wfb::literacy-condition bhutan "NA%" );; line 13332 (wfb::total_labor_force bhutan n/a );; line 13336 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation bhutan agriculture (* 93 %) );; line 13338 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation bhutan services (* 5 %) );; line 13338 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation bhutan industry_and_commerce (* 2 %) );; line 13338 (wfb::comment labor_force bhutan "massive lack of skilled labor" );; line 13340 (wfb::names bhutan conventional_long_form "Kingdom of Bhutan" );; line 13346 (wfb::names bhutan conventional_short_form "Bhutan" );; line 13348 (wfb::digraph bhutan "BT" );; line 13352 (wfb::type bhutan "monarchy; special treaty relationship with India" );; line 13356 (wfb::capital bhutan thimphu-bhutan );; line 13360 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_bhutan_districts "districts" "dzongkhag" "dzongkhag" );; line 13364 (wfb::administrative_divisions bhutan adm_div_bhutan_districts 18 );; line 13364 (wfb::administrative_division_of bhutan adm_div_bhutan_districts "Bumthang" );; line 13364 (wfb::administrative_division_of bhutan adm_div_bhutan_districts "Chhukha" );; line 13364 (wfb::administrative_division_of bhutan adm_div_bhutan_districts "Chirang" );; line 13364 (wfb::administrative_division_of bhutan adm_div_bhutan_districts "Daga" );; line 13364 (wfb::administrative_division_of bhutan adm_div_bhutan_districts "Geylegphug" );; line 13364 (wfb::administrative_division_of bhutan adm_div_bhutan_districts "Ha" );; line 13364 (wfb::administrative_division_of bhutan adm_div_bhutan_districts "Lhuntshi" );; line 13364 (wfb::administrative_division_of bhutan adm_div_bhutan_districts "Mongar" );; line 13364 (wfb::administrative_division_of bhutan adm_div_bhutan_districts "Paro" );; line 13364 (wfb::administrative_division_of bhutan adm_div_bhutan_districts "Pemagatsel" );; line 13364 (wfb::administrative_division_of bhutan adm_div_bhutan_districts "Punakha" );; line 13364 (wfb::administrative_division_of bhutan adm_div_bhutan_districts "Samchi" );; line 13364 (wfb::administrative_division_of bhutan adm_div_bhutan_districts "Samdrup Jongkhar" );; line 13364 (wfb::administrative_division_of bhutan adm_div_bhutan_districts "Shemgang" );; line 13364 (wfb::administrative_division_of bhutan adm_div_bhutan_districts "Tashigang" );; line 13364 (wfb::administrative_division_of bhutan adm_div_bhutan_districts "Thimphu" );; line 13364 (wfb::administrative_division_of bhutan adm_div_bhutan_districts "Tongsa" );; line 13364 (wfb::administrative_division_of bhutan adm_div_bhutan_districts "Wangdi Phodrang" );; line 13364 (wfb::independence bhutan date_8_aug_1949 "India" );; line 13371 (wfb::comment national_holiday bhutan "Ugyen Wangchuck became first hereditary king" );; line 13375 (wfb::national_holiday bhutan "National Day" date_17_dec );; line 13375 (wfb::constitution bhutan "no written constitution or bill of rights" );; line 13380 (wfb::legal_system bhutan "based on Indian law and English common law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 13384 (wfb::executive_branch bhutan chief_of_state "King Jigme Singye WANGCHUCK " date_24_jul_1972 );; line 13394 (wfb::executive_branch bhutan head_of_government "King Jigme Singye WANGCHUCK " date_24_jul_1972 );; line 13394 (wfb::executive_branch bhutan |Royal Advisory Council (Lodoi Tsokde)| "nominated by the king" );; line 13396 (wfb::comment executive_branch bhutan cabinet "appointed by the king" );; line 13398 (wfb::executive_branch bhutan cabinet "Council of Ministers (Lhengye Shungtsog)" );; line 13398 (wfb::legislative_structure bhutan unicameral "National Assembly (Tshogdu); no national elections" );; line 13402 (wfb::judicial_branch bhutan "High Court" );; line 13406 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders bhutan "no legal parties" );; line 13410 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups bhutan "Buddhist clergy; Indian merchant community; ethnic Nepalese organizations leading militant antigovernment campaign" );; line 13414 (wfb::member_of bhutan asdb );; line 13419 (wfb::member_of bhutan cp );; line 13419 (wfb::member_of bhutan escap );; line 13419 (wfb::member_of bhutan fao );; line 13419 (wfb::member_of bhutan g-77 );; line 13419 (wfb::member_of bhutan ibrd );; line 13419 (wfb::member_of bhutan icao );; line 13419 (wfb::member_of bhutan ida );; line 13419 (wfb::member_of bhutan ifad );; line 13419 (wfb::member_of bhutan imf );; line 13419 (wfb::member_of bhutan intelsat );; line 13419 (wfb::member_of bhutan ioc );; line 13419 (wfb::member_of bhutan itu );; line 13419 (wfb::member_of bhutan nam );; line 13419 (wfb::member_of bhutan saarc );; line 13419 (wfb::member_of bhutan un );; line 13419 (wfb::member_of bhutan unctad );; line 13419 (wfb::member_of bhutan unesco );; line 13419 (wfb::member_of bhutan unido );; line 13419 (wfb::member_of bhutan upu );; line 13419 (wfb::member_of bhutan who );; line 13419 (wfb::member_of bhutan wipo );; line 13419 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us bhutan "Bhutan has no embassy in the US, but does have a Permanent Mission to the UN, headed by Ugyen TSERING, located at 2 United Nations Plaza, 27th Floor, New York, NY 10017, telephone [1] (212) 826-1919; note - the Bhutanese mission to the UN has consular jurisdiction in the US" );; line 13424 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us bhutan |consulate(s) general| "New York" );; line 13429 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us bhutan |honorary consulate(s)| "San Francisco; Washington, DC" );; line 13431 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation bhutan "no formal diplomatic relations, although informal contact is maintained between the Bhutanese and US Embassy in New Delhi (India)" );; line 13435 (wfb::flag bhutan "divided diagonally from the lower hoist side corner; the upper triangle is orange and the lower triangle is red; centered along the dividing line is a large black and white dragon facing away from the hoist side" );; line 13440 (wfb::overview bhutan "The economy, one of the world's least developed, is based on agriculture and forestry, which provide the main livelihood for 90% of the population and account for about half of GDP. Agriculture consists largely of subsistence farming and animal husbandry. Rugged mountains dominate the terrain and make the building of roads and other infrastructure difficult and expensive. The economy is closely aligned with India's through strong trade and monetary links. The industrial sector is small and technologically backward, with most production of the cottage industry type. Most development projects, such as road construction, rely on Indian migrant labor. Bhutan's hydropower potential and its attraction for tourists are key resources; however, the government limits the number of tourists to 4,000 per year to minimize foreign influence. Much of the impetus for growth has come from large public-sector companies. Nevertheless, in recent years, Bhutan has shifted toward decentralized development planning and greater private initiative. The government privatized several large public-sector firms, is revamping its trade regime and liberalizing administerial procedures over industrial licensing. The government's industrial contribution to GDP decreased from 13% in 1988 to about 11% in 1993." );; line 13447 (wfb::estimation-date national_product bhutan date_1994 );; line 13467 (wfb::national_product bhutan (* 1.2e9 $) );; line 13467 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate bhutan date_1994 );; line 13471 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate bhutan (* 5 %) );; line 13471 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita bhutan date_1994 );; line 13475 (wfb::national_product_per_capita bhutan (* 700 $) );; line 13475 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| bhutan "10% (October 1994)" );; line 13479 (wfb::unemployment_rate bhutan (* n/a %) );; line 13483 (wfb::budget bhutan revenues (* 52e6 $) );; line 13488 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year budget bhutan 93 );; line 13490 (wfb::budget bhutan expenditures (* 150e6 $) );; line 13490 (wfb::budget bhutan capital_expenditures (* 95e6 $) );; line 13490 (wfb::comment budget bhutan "the government of India finances nearly three-fifths of Bhutan's budget expenditures" );; line 13493 (wfb::exports bhutan (* 66.8e6 $) );; line 13498 (wfb::exports bhutan commodities cardamon n/a );; line 13500 (wfb::exports bhutan commodities gypsum-commodity n/a );; line 13500 (wfb::exports bhutan commodities timber-commodity n/a );; line 13500 (wfb::exports bhutan commodities handicrafts-commodity n/a );; line 13500 (wfb::exports bhutan commodities cement-commodity n/a );; line 13500 (wfb::exports bhutan commodities fruit n/a );; line 13500 (wfb::exports bhutan commodities electricity n/a );; line 13500 (wfb::exports bhutan commodities precious_stones-commodity n/a );; line 13500 (wfb::exports bhutan commodities spices n/a );; line 13500 (wfb::exports bhutan partners india (* 87 %) );; line 13503 (wfb::exports bhutan partners bangladesh n/a );; line 13503 (wfb::imports bhutan (* 97.6e6 $) );; line 13507 (wfb::imports bhutan commodities fuel_and_lubricants n/a );; line 13509 (wfb::imports bhutan commodities grain n/a );; line 13509 (wfb::imports bhutan commodities machinery_and_parts n/a );; line 13509 (wfb::imports bhutan commodities vehicles n/a );; line 13509 (wfb::imports bhutan commodities fabrics n/a );; line 13509 (wfb::imports bhutan commodities rice n/a );; line 13509 (wfb::imports bhutan partners india (* 79 %) );; line 13512 (wfb::imports bhutan partners japan n/a );; line 13512 (wfb::imports bhutan partners uk n/a );; line 13512 (wfb::imports bhutan partners germany n/a );; line 13512 (wfb::imports bhutan partners us n/a );; line 13512 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt bhutan date_oct_1994 );; line 13516 (wfb::external_debt bhutan (* 141e6 $) );; line 13516 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1992 );; line 13520 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production bhutan date_1992 );; line 13520 (wfb::industrial_production bhutan growth_rate (* 7.6 %) );; line 13520 (wfb::industrial_production bhutan accounts_for (* 18 %_of_gdp) );; line 13520 (wfb::electricity bhutan capacity (* 360000 kw) );; line 13526 (wfb::electricity bhutan production (* 1.7e9 kwh) );; line 13528 (wfb::measurement-date electricity bhutan consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 13530 (wfb::electricity bhutan consumption_per_capita (* 143 kwh) );; line 13530 (wfb::comment electricity bhutan "Bhutan exports electricity to India" );; line 13532 (wfb::industry bhutan cement );; line 13536 (wfb::industry bhutan wood_products );; line 13536 (wfb::industry bhutan processed_fruits );; line 13536 (wfb::industry bhutan alcoholic_beverages );; line 13536 (wfb::industry bhutan calcium_carbide-industry );; line 13536 (wfb::agriculture bhutan "rice, corn, root crops, citrus fruit, dairy products, foodgrains, eggs" );; line 13541 (wfb::economic_aid bhutan recipient "Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $115 million; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $11 million" );; line 13547 (wfb::exchange_rates bhutan "ngultrum (Nu) per US$1 - 31.374 (January 1995), 31.374 (1994), 30.493 (1993), 25.918 (1992), 22.742 (1991), 17.504 (1990); note - the Bhutanese ngultrum is at par with the Indian rupee" );; line 13557 (wfb::fiscal_year bhutan date_1_jul date_30_jun );; line 13563 (wfb::railroads bhutan "0 km" );; line 13568 (wfb::highways bhutan total (* 2165 km) );; line 13573 (wfb::highways bhutan gravel (* 1703 km) );; line 13577 (wfb::highways bhutan undifferentiated (* 462 km) );; line 13579 (wfb::airports bhutan total 2 );; line 13588 (wfb::airports bhutan |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 1 );; line 13590 (wfb::airports bhutan |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 13592 (wfb::telephone_system bhutan "NA telephones; domestic telephone service is very poor with very few telephones in use" );; line 13597 (wfb::telephone_system bhutan local "NA" );; line 13600 (wfb::telephone_system bhutan intercity "NA" );; line 13602 (wfb::telephone_system bhutan international "international telephone and telegraph service is by land line through India; an earth station was planned (1990)" );; line 13604 (wfb::measurement-date radio bhutan date_1990 );; line 13610 (wfb::radio bhutan broadcast_stations am 1 );; line 13610 (wfb::radio bhutan broadcast_stations fm 1 );; line 13610 (wfb::radio bhutan broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 13610 (wfb::radio bhutan radios n/a );; line 13612 (wfb::measurement-date television bhutan broadcast_stations date_1990 );; line 13617 (wfb::television bhutan broadcast_stations 0 );; line 13617 (wfb::television bhutan televisions n/a );; line 13619 (wfb::defense_branch bhutan royal_bhutan_army_bhutan );; line 13625 (wfb::defense_branch bhutan palace_guard_bhutan );; line 13625 (wfb::defense_branch bhutan militia_bhutan );; line 13625 (wfb::defense_branch bhutan royal_bhutan_police_bhutan );; line 13625 (wfb::manpower_availability bhutan "males age 15-49 434,586; males fit for military service 232,121; males reach military age (18) annually 17,365 (1995 est.)" );; line 13629 (wfb::markup-parameter figure bolivia "graphno=\"bl.tif\"" );; line 13640 (wfb::location bolivia "Central South America, southwest of Brazil" );; line 13644 (wfb::map_references bolivia "South America" );; line 13648 (wfb::area bolivia total_area (* 1098580 sq_km) );; line 13653 (wfb::area bolivia land_area (* 1084390 sq_km) );; line 13655 (wfb::area bolivia comparative_area "slightly less than three times the size of Montana" );; line 13657 (wfb::borders bolivia total (* 6743 km) );; line 13661 (wfb::borders bolivia argentina (* 832 km) );; line 13661 (wfb::borders bolivia brazil (* 3400 km) );; line 13661 (wfb::borders bolivia chile (* 861 km) );; line 13661 (wfb::borders bolivia paraguay (* 750 km) );; line 13661 (wfb::borders bolivia peru (* 900 km) );; line 13661 (wfb::comment coastline bolivia "landlocked" );; line 13666 (wfb::coastline bolivia (* 0 km) );; line 13666 (wfb::maritime_claims bolivia "none; landlocked" );; line 13670 (wfb::international_disputes bolivia "has wanted a sovereign corridor to the South Pacific Ocean since the Atacama area was lost to Chile in 1884" );; line 13674 (wfb::international_disputes bolivia "dispute with Chile over Rio Lauca water rights" );; line 13674 (wfb::climate bolivia "varies with altitude" );; line 13680 (wfb::climate bolivia "humid and tropical to cold and semiarid" );; line 13680 (wfb::terrain bolivia "rugged Andes Mountains with a highland plateau (Altiplano), hills, lowland plains of the Amazon Basin" );; line 13684 (wfb::natural-resource bolivia tin );; line 13689 (wfb::natural-resource bolivia natural_gas );; line 13689 (wfb::natural-resource bolivia petroleum );; line 13689 (wfb::natural-resource bolivia zinc );; line 13689 (wfb::natural-resource bolivia tungsten );; line 13689 (wfb::natural-resource bolivia antimony );; line 13689 (wfb::natural-resource bolivia silver );; line 13689 (wfb::natural-resource bolivia iron-natural-resource );; line 13689 (wfb::natural-resource bolivia lead );; line 13689 (wfb::natural-resource bolivia gold );; line 13689 (wfb::natural-resource bolivia timber );; line 13689 (wfb::land_use bolivia arable_land (* 3 %) );; line 13695 (wfb::land_use bolivia permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 13697 (wfb::land_use bolivia meadows_and_pastures (* 25 %) );; line 13699 (wfb::land_use bolivia forest_and_woodland (* 52 %) );; line 13701 (wfb::land_use bolivia other (* 20 %) );; line 13703 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land bolivia date_1989 );; line 13707 (wfb::irrigated_land bolivia (* 1650 sq_km) );; line 13707 (wfb::environment bolivia current_issues "the clearing of land for agricultural purposes and the international demand for tropical timber are contributing to deforestation" );; line 13712 (wfb::environment bolivia current_issues "soil erosion from overgrazing and poor cultivation methods (including slash-and-burn agriculture)" );; line 13712 (wfb::environment bolivia current_issues "desertification" );; line 13712 (wfb::environment bolivia current_issues "loss of biodiversity" );; line 13712 (wfb::environment bolivia current_issues "industrial pollution of water supplies used for drinking and irrigation" );; line 13712 (wfb::environment bolivia natural_hazards "cold, thin air of high plateau is obstacle to efficient fuel combustion, as well as to physical activity by those unaccustomed to it from birth" );; line 13718 (wfb::environment bolivia natural_hazards "flooding in the northeast (March to April)" );; line 13718 (wfb::environment bolivia international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Nuclear Test Ban, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands" );; line 13722 (wfb::environment bolivia international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Desertification, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection" );; line 13722 (wfb::note bolivia "landlocked; shares control of Lago Titicaca, world's highest navigable lake (elevation 3,805 m), with Peru" );; line 13729 (wfb::estimation-date population bolivia date_jul_1995 );; line 13736 (wfb::population bolivia 7896254 );; line 13736 (wfb::age_structure bolivia 0-14_years (* 39 %) );; line 13741 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex bolivia 0-14_years female 1542931 );; line 13741 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex bolivia 0-14_years male 1565624 );; line 13741 (wfb::age_structure bolivia 15-64_years (* 57 %) );; line 13743 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex bolivia 15-64_years female 2276308 );; line 13743 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex bolivia 15-64_years male 2188100 );; line 13743 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure bolivia 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 13745 (wfb::age_structure bolivia 65_years_and_over (* 4 %) );; line 13745 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex bolivia 65_years_and_over female 174419 );; line 13745 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex bolivia 65_years_and_over male 148872 );; line 13745 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate bolivia date_1995 );; line 13749 (wfb::population_growth_rate bolivia (* 2.25 %) );; line 13749 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate bolivia date_1995 );; line 13753 (wfb::birth_rate bolivia (* 31.61 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 13753 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate bolivia date_1995 );; line 13757 (wfb::death_rate bolivia (* 8.12 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 13757 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate bolivia date_1995 );; line 13761 (wfb::net_migration_rate bolivia (* -1.01 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 13761 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate bolivia date_1995 );; line 13765 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate bolivia (* 70.6 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 13765 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth bolivia total_population (* 63.85 years) );; line 13770 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth bolivia male (* 61.39 years) );; line 13772 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth bolivia female date_1995 );; line 13774 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth bolivia female (* 66.43 years) );; line 13774 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate bolivia date_1995 );; line 13778 (wfb::total_fertility_rate bolivia (* 4.1 children_born/woman) );; line 13778 (wfb::nationality bolivia noun "Bolivian(s)" );; line 13783 (wfb::nationality bolivia adjective "Bolivian" );; line 13785 (wfb::ethnic-entity bolivia quechua (* 30 %) );; line 13789 (wfb::ethnic-entity bolivia aymara (* 25 %) );; line 13789 (wfb::ethnic-entity bolivia |mestizo (mixed European and Indian ancestry) 25%| (* -30 %) );; line 13789 (wfb::ethnic-entity bolivia european_5% (* -15 %) );; line 13789 (wfb::comment religions bolivia "Evangelical Methodist" );; line 13794 (wfb::religion bolivia roman_catholic (* 95 %) );; line 13794 (wfb::religion bolivia protestant n/a );; line 13794 (wfb::language bolivia spanish-language-group n/a );; line 13798 (wfb::comment language bolivia spanish-language-group "official" );; line 13798 (wfb::language bolivia quechua-language-group n/a );; line 13798 (wfb::comment language bolivia quechua-language-group "official" );; line 13798 (wfb::language bolivia aymara-language-group n/a );; line 13798 (wfb::comment language bolivia aymara-language-group "official" );; line 13798 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition bolivia date_1992 );; line 13802 (wfb::literacy-condition bolivia "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 13802 (wfb::literacy bolivia total_population (* 80 %) );; line 13804 (wfb::literacy bolivia male (* 88 %) );; line 13806 (wfb::literacy bolivia female (* 72 %) );; line 13808 (wfb::total_labor_force bolivia 3.54e6 );; line 13812 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force bolivia by_occupation date_1993 );; line 13814 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1993 );; line 13814 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation bolivia agriculture_na n/a );; line 13814 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation bolivia services_and_utilities (* 20 %) );; line 13814 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation bolivia manufacturing n/a );; line 13814 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation bolivia mining_and_construction (* 7 %) );; line 13814 (wfb::names bolivia conventional_long_form "Republic of Bolivia" );; line 13821 (wfb::names bolivia conventional_short_form "Bolivia" );; line 13823 (wfb::names bolivia local_long_form "Republica de Bolivia" );; line 13825 (wfb::names bolivia local_short_form "Bolivia" );; line 13827 (wfb::digraph bolivia "BL" );; line 13831 (wfb::type bolivia "republic" );; line 13835 (wfb::comment capital bolivia "legal capital and seat of judiciary" );; line 13839 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_bolivia_departments "departments" "departamentos" "departamento" );; line 13844 (wfb::administrative_divisions bolivia adm_div_bolivia_departments 9 );; line 13844 (wfb::administrative_division_of bolivia adm_div_bolivia_departments "Chuquisaca" );; line 13844 (wfb::administrative_division_of bolivia adm_div_bolivia_departments "Cochabamba" );; line 13844 (wfb::administrative_division_of bolivia adm_div_bolivia_departments "Beni" );; line 13844 (wfb::administrative_division_of bolivia adm_div_bolivia_departments "La Paz" );; line 13844 (wfb::administrative_division_of bolivia adm_div_bolivia_departments "Oruro" );; line 13844 (wfb::administrative_division_of bolivia adm_div_bolivia_departments "Pando" );; line 13844 (wfb::administrative_division_of bolivia adm_div_bolivia_departments "Potosi" );; line 13844 (wfb::administrative_division_of bolivia adm_div_bolivia_departments "Santa Cruz" );; line 13844 (wfb::administrative_division_of bolivia adm_div_bolivia_departments "Tarija" );; line 13844 (wfb::independence bolivia date_6_aug_1825 "Spain" );; line 13849 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1825 );; line 13853 (wfb::comment national_holiday bolivia "1825" );; line 13853 (wfb::national_holiday bolivia "Independence Day" date_6_aug );; line 13853 (wfb::constitution bolivia "2 February 1967" );; line 13857 (wfb::legal_system bolivia "based on Spanish law and Code Napoleon; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 13861 (wfb::comment suffrage bolivia " 21 years of age, universal and compulsory (single)" );; line 13866 (wfb::comment executive_branch bolivia chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "Vice President Victor Hugo CARDENAS Conde (since 6 August 1993)" );; line 13872 (wfb::comment executive_branch bolivia chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "election last held 6 June 1993 (next to be held May 1997)" );; line 13872 (wfb::comment executive_branch bolivia chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "results - Gonzalo SANCHEZ DE LOZADA (MNR) 34%, Hugo BANZER Suarez (ADN/MIR alliance) 20%, Carlos PALENQUE Aviles (CONDEPA) 14%, Max FERNANDEZ Rojas (UCS) 13%, Antonio ARANIBAR Quiroga (MBL) 5%" );; line 13872 (wfb::comment executive_branch bolivia chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "no candidate received a majority of the popular vote" );; line 13872 (wfb::comment executive_branch bolivia chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "Gonzalo SANCHEZ DE LOZADA won a congressional runoff election on 4 August 1993 after forming a coalition with Max FERNANDEZ and Antonio ARANIBAR" );; line 13872 (wfb::comment executive_branch bolivia chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "FERNANDEZ left the coalition in 1994" );; line 13872 (wfb::executive_branch bolivia chief_of_state "President Gonzalo SANCHEZ DE LOZADA Bustamente " date_6_aug_1993 );; line 13872 (wfb::executive_branch bolivia head_of_government "President Gonzalo SANCHEZ DE LOZADA Bustamente " date_6_aug_1993 );; line 13872 (wfb::comment executive_branch bolivia cabinet "appointed by the president from panel proposed by the Senate" );; line 13882 (wfb::executive_branch bolivia cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 13882 (wfb::legislative_structure bolivia bicameral "National Congress (Congreso Nacional)" );; line 13887 (wfb::legislative_branch bolivia "Chamber of Deputies (Camara de Diputados)" "elections last held 6 June 1993 (next to be held May 1997); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (130 total) MNR 52, UCS 20, ADN 17, MIR 17, CONDEPA 13, MBL 7, ARBOL 1, ASD 1, EJE 1, PCD 1" );; line 13889 (wfb::legislative_branch bolivia "Chamber of Senators (Camara de Senadores)" "elections last held 6 June 1993 (next to be held May 1997); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (27 total) MNR 17, ADN 4, MIR 4, CONDEPA 1, UCS 1" );; line 13893 (wfb::judicial_branch bolivia "Supreme Court (Corte Suprema)" );; line 13899 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders bolivia left_parties "Free Bolivia Movement (MBL), Antonio ARANIBAR; April 9 Revolutionary Vanguard (VR-9), Carlos SERRATE; Alternative of Democratic Socialism (ASD), Jerjes JUSTIANO; Revolutionary Front of the Left (FRI), Oscar ZAMORA; Bolivian Socialist Falange (FSB); Socialist Unzaguista Movement (MAS); Socialist Party One (PS-1); Bolivian Communist Party (PCB)" );; line 13904 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders bolivia center-left_parties "Nationalist Revolutionary Movement (MNR), Gonzalo SANCHEZ DE LOZADA; Movement of the Revolutionary Left (MIR), Jaime PAZ Zamora, Oscar EID; Christian Democrat (PCD), Jorge AGREDA" );; line 13910 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders bolivia center-right_party "Nationalist Democratic Action (ADN), Jorge LANDIVAR, Hugo BANZER" );; line 13914 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders bolivia populist_parties "Civic Solidarity Union (UCS), Max FERNANDEZ Rojas; Conscience of the Fatherland (CONDEPA), Carlos PALENQUE Aviles; Popular Patriotic Movement (MPP), Julio MANTILLA; Unity and Progress Movement (MUP), Ivo KULJIS" );; line 13916 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders bolivia evangelical "Bolivian Renovating Alliance (ARBOL), Hugo VILLEGAS" );; line 13920 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders bolivia indigenous "Tupac Katari Revolutionary Liberation Movement (MRTK-L), Victor Hugo CARDENAS Conde; Patriotic Axis of Convergence (EJE-P), Ramiro BARRANCHEA; National Katarista Movement (MKN), Fernando UNTOJA" );; line 13922 (wfb::member_of bolivia ag );; line 13928 (wfb::member_of bolivia eclac );; line 13928 (wfb::member_of bolivia fao );; line 13928 (wfb::member_of bolivia g-11 );; line 13928 (wfb::member_of bolivia g-77 );; line 13928 (wfb::member_of bolivia gatt );; line 13928 (wfb::member_of bolivia iadb );; line 13928 (wfb::member_of bolivia iaea );; line 13928 (wfb::member_of bolivia ibrd );; line 13928 (wfb::member_of bolivia icao );; line 13928 (wfb::member_of bolivia icrm );; line 13928 (wfb::member_of bolivia ida );; line 13928 (wfb::member_of bolivia ifad );; line 13928 (wfb::member_of bolivia ifc );; line 13928 (wfb::member_of bolivia ifrcs );; line 13928 (wfb::member_of bolivia ilo );; line 13928 (wfb::member_of bolivia imf );; line 13928 (wfb::member_of bolivia imo );; line 13928 (wfb::member_of bolivia intelsat );; line 13928 (wfb::member_of bolivia interpol );; line 13928 (wfb::member_of bolivia ioc );; line 13928 (wfb::member_of bolivia iom );; line 13928 (wfb::member_of bolivia itu );; line 13928 (wfb::member_of bolivia laes );; line 13928 (wfb::member_of bolivia laia );; line 13928 (wfb::member_of bolivia nam );; line 13928 (wfb::member_of bolivia oas );; line 13928 (wfb::member_of bolivia opanal );; line 13928 (wfb::member_of bolivia pca );; line 13928 (wfb::member_of bolivia rg );; line 13928 (wfb::member_of bolivia un );; line 13928 (wfb::member_of bolivia unctad );; line 13928 (wfb::member_of bolivia unesco );; line 13928 (wfb::member_of bolivia unido );; line 13928 (wfb::member_of bolivia upu );; line 13928 (wfb::member_of bolivia wcl );; line 13928 (wfb::member_of bolivia wftu );; line 13928 (wfb::member_of bolivia who );; line 13928 (wfb::member_of bolivia wipo );; line 13928 (wfb::member_of bolivia wmo );; line 13928 (wfb::member_of bolivia wto );; line 13928 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us bolivia chief_of_mission "Ambassador Andres PETRICEVIC Raznatovic" );; line 13936 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us bolivia chancery "3014 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 13938 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us bolivia telephone "[1] (202) 483-4410 through 4412" );; line 13940 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us bolivia fax "[1] (202) 328-3712" );; line 13942 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us bolivia |consulate(s) general| "Miami, New York, and San Francisco" );; line 13944 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation bolivia chief_of_mission "Ambassador Curt Warren KAMMAN" );; line 13949 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation bolivia embassy "Avenida Arce 2780, San Jorge, La Paz" );; line 13951 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation bolivia mailing_address "P. O. Box 425, La Paz; APO AA 34032" );; line 13953 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation bolivia telephone "[591] (2) 430251" );; line 13955 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation bolivia fax "[591] (2) 4339000" );; line 13957 (wfb::flag bolivia "three equal horizontal bands of red (top), yellow, and green with the coat of arms centered on the yellow band; similar to the flag of Ghana, which has a large black five-pointed star centered in the yellow band" );; line 13961 (wfb::overview bolivia "With its long history of semifeudal social controls, dependence on volatile prices for its mineral exports, and bouts of hyperinflation, Bolivia has remained one of the poorest and least developed Latin American countries. However, Bolivia has experienced generally improving economic conditions since the PAZ Estenssoro administration (1985-89) introduced market-oriented policies which reduced inflation from 11,700% in 1985 to about 20% in 1988. PAZ Estenssoro was followed as President by Jaime PAZ Zamora (1989-93) who continued the free-market policies of his predecessor, despite opposition from his own party and from Bolivia's once powerful labor movement. By maintaining fiscal discipline, PAZ Zamora helped reduce inflation to 9.3% in 1993, while GDP grew by an annual average of 3.25% during his tenure. Inaugurated in August 1993, President SANCHEZ DE LOZADA has vowed to advance the market-oriented economic reforms he helped launch as PAZ Estenssoro's planning minister. His successes so far have included an inflation rate that continues to decrease - the 1994 rate of 8.5% was the lowest in ten years - the signing of a free trade agreement with Mexico, and progress on his unique privatization plan. The main privatization bill was passed by the Bolivian legislature in late March 1994. Related laws - one that establishes SIRESE, the regulatory agency that will oversee the privatizations, and another that outlines the rules for privatization in the electricity sector - were approved later in the year." );; line 13968 (wfb::estimation-date national_product bolivia date_1994 );; line 13992 (wfb::national_product bolivia (* 18.3e9 $) );; line 13992 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate bolivia date_1994 );; line 13996 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate bolivia (* 4.2 %) );; line 13996 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita bolivia date_1994 );; line 14000 (wfb::national_product_per_capita bolivia (* 2370 $) );; line 14000 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| bolivia "8.5% (1994 est.)" );; line 14004 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate bolivia date_1994 );; line 14008 (wfb::unemployment_rate bolivia (* 6.2 %) );; line 14008 (wfb::budget bolivia revenues (* 3.75e9 $) );; line 14013 (wfb::estimation-date budget bolivia date_1995 );; line 14015 (wfb::budget bolivia expenditures (* 3.75e9 $) );; line 14015 (wfb::budget bolivia capital_expenditures (* 556.2e6 $) );; line 14015 (wfb::exports bolivia (* 1.1e9 $) );; line 14020 (wfb::exports bolivia commodities metals (* 39 %) );; line 14022 (wfb::exports bolivia commodities natural_gas-commodity (* 9 %) );; line 14022 (wfb::exports bolivia commodities soybeans (* 11 %) );; line 14022 (wfb::exports bolivia commodities jewelry (* 11 %) );; line 14022 (wfb::exports bolivia commodities wood (* 8 %) );; line 14022 (wfb::estimation-date exports bolivia date_1993 );; line 14024 (wfb::exports bolivia partners us (* 26 %) );; line 14024 (wfb::exports bolivia partners argentina (* 15 %) );; line 14024 (wfb::imports bolivia (* 1.21e9 $) );; line 14028 (wfb::estimation-date imports bolivia date_1993 );; line 14030 (wfb::imports bolivia commodities capital_goods (* 48 %) );; line 14030 (wfb::imports bolivia commodities chemicals-commodity (* 11 %) );; line 14030 (wfb::imports bolivia commodities petroleum-commodity (* 5 %) );; line 14030 (wfb::imports bolivia commodities food (* 5 %) );; line 14030 (wfb::estimation-date imports bolivia date_1993 );; line 14033 (wfb::imports bolivia partners us (* 24 %) );; line 14033 (wfb::imports bolivia partners argentina (* 13 %) );; line 14033 (wfb::imports bolivia partners brazil (* 11 %) );; line 14033 (wfb::imports bolivia partners japan (* 11 %) );; line 14033 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt bolivia date_jan_1995 );; line 14037 (wfb::external_debt bolivia (* 4.2e9 $) );; line 14037 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 14041 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production bolivia date_1994 );; line 14041 (wfb::industrial_production bolivia growth_rate (* 5 %) );; line 14041 (wfb::electricity bolivia capacity (* 756200 kw) );; line 14046 (wfb::electricity bolivia production (* 2.116e9 kwh) );; line 14048 (wfb::measurement-date electricity bolivia consumption_per_capita date_1994 );; line 14050 (wfb::electricity bolivia consumption_per_capita (* 367 kwh) );; line 14050 (wfb::industry bolivia mining );; line 14054 (wfb::industry bolivia smelting );; line 14054 (wfb::industry bolivia petroleum-industry );; line 14054 (wfb::industry bolivia food-industry );; line 14054 (wfb::industry bolivia beverage );; line 14054 (wfb::industry bolivia tobacco-industry );; line 14054 (wfb::industry bolivia handicrafts );; line 14054 (wfb::industry bolivia clothing );; line 14054 (wfb::industry bolivia illicit_drug_industry_reportedly_produces_15%_of_its_revenues );; line 14054 (wfb::agriculture bolivia "accounts for about 21% of GDP (including forestry and fisheries); principal commodities - coffee, coca, cotton, corn, sugarcane, rice, potatoes, timber; self-sufficient in food" );; line 14060 (wfb::illicit_drugs bolivia "world's second-largest producer of coca (after Peru) with an estimated 48,100 hectares under cultivation in 1994; voluntary and forced eradication programs unable to prevent production from rising to 89,800 metric tons in 1994 from 84,400 tons in 1993; government considers all but 12,000 hectares illicit; intermediate coca products and cocaine exported to or through Colombia and Brazil to the US and other international drug markets; alternative crop program aims to reduce illicit coca cultivation" );; line 14066 (wfb::economic_aid bolivia recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $990 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $2.025 billion; Communist countries (1970-89), $340 million" );; line 14077 (wfb::abbreviation boliviano "$B" );; line 14083 (wfb::currency bolivia boliviano 100 centavos );; line 14083 (wfb::exchange_rates bolivia "bolivianos ($B) per US$1 - 4.72 (January 1995), 4.6205 (1994), 4.2651 (1993), 3.9005 (1992), 3.5806 (1991), 3.1727 (1990)" );; line 14087 (wfb::fiscal_year bolivia date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 14092 (wfb::railroads bolivia total "3,684 km (single track)" );; line 14098 (wfb::railroads bolivia narrow_gauge "3,652 km 1.000-m gauge; 32 km 0.760-m gauge" );; line 14100 (wfb::highways bolivia total (* 42815 km) );; line 14105 (wfb::highways bolivia paved (* 1865 km) );; line 14107 (wfb::highways bolivia gravel (* 12000 km) );; line 14109 (wfb::highways bolivia improved/unimproved_earth (* 28950 km) );; line 14109 (wfb::inland_waterways bolivia "10,000 km of commercially navigable waterways" );; line 14113 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 1800 km) );; line 14117 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 580 km) );; line 14117 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 1495 km) );; line 14117 (wfb::port bolivia however-bolivia );; line 14122 (wfb::port bolivia brazil-bolivia );; line 14122 (wfb::port bolivia chile-bolivia );; line 14122 (wfb::port bolivia paraguay-bolivia );; line 14122 (wfb::merchant_marine bolivia total "1 cargo ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 4,214 GRT/6,390 DWT" );; line 14128 (wfb::airports bolivia total 1382 );; line 14133 (wfb::airports bolivia |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 3 );; line 14135 (wfb::airports bolivia |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 3 );; line 14137 (wfb::airports bolivia |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 3 );; line 14139 (wfb::airports bolivia with_paved_runways_under_914_m 1016 );; line 14141 (wfb::airports bolivia |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 5 );; line 14143 (wfb::airports bolivia |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 77 );; line 14145 (wfb::airports bolivia |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 275 );; line 14147 (wfb::telephone_system bolivia "about 150,000 telephones; about 2.0 telephones/100 persons; new subscribers face bureaucratic difficulties; most telephones in La Paz and other cities; microwave radio relay system being expanded; improved international services" );; line 14152 (wfb::telephone_system bolivia local "NA" );; line 14157 (wfb::telephone_system bolivia intercity "microwave radio relay system" );; line 14159 (wfb::telephone_system bolivia international "1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station" );; line 14161 (wfb::radio bolivia broadcast_stations am 129 );; line 14166 (wfb::radio bolivia broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 14166 (wfb::radio bolivia broadcast_stations shortwave 68 );; line 14166 (wfb::radio bolivia radios n/a );; line 14168 (wfb::television bolivia broadcast_stations 43 );; line 14173 (wfb::television bolivia televisions n/a );; line 14175 (wfb::comment defense_branch bolivia army_bolivia "Ejercito Boliviano" );; line 14181 (wfb::defense_branch bolivia army_bolivia );; line 14181 (wfb::comment defense_branch bolivia navy_bolivia "Fuerza Naval Boliviana, includes Marines" );; line 14181 (wfb::defense_branch bolivia navy_bolivia );; line 14181 (wfb::comment defense_branch bolivia air_force_bolivia "Fuerza Aerea Boliviana" );; line 14181 (wfb::defense_branch bolivia air_force_bolivia );; line 14181 (wfb::comment defense_branch bolivia national_police_force_bolivia "Policia Nacional de Bolivia" );; line 14181 (wfb::defense_branch bolivia national_police_force_bolivia );; line 14181 (wfb::manpower_availability bolivia "males age 15-49 1,885,485; males fit for military service 1,226,218; males reach military age (19) annually 81,065 (1995 est.)" );; line 14187 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures bolivia date_1994 );; line 14192 (wfb::defense_expenditures bolivia (* 134e6 $) );; line 14192 (wfb::defense_expenditures bolivia (* 1.9 %_of_gdp) );; line 14192 (wfb::markup-parameter figure bosnia_and_herzegovina "graphno=\"bk.tif\"" );; line 14198 (wfb::header bosnia_and_herzegovina "Note--Bosnia and Herzegovina is set to enter its third year of interethnic civil strife which began in the spring of 1992 after the Government of Bosnia and Herzegovina held a referendum on independence. Bosnia's Serbs - supported by neighboring Serbia - responded with armed resistance aimed at partitioning the republic along ethnic lines and joining Serb-held areas to 'greater Serbia'. In March 1994, Bosnia's Muslims and Croats reduced the number of warring factions from three to two by signing an agreement in Washington, DC, creating the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. A group of rebel Muslims, however, continues to battle government forces in the northwest enclave of Bihac. A Contact Group of countries, the US, UK, France, Germany, and Russia, continues to seek a resolution between the Federation and the Bosnian Serbs. In July of 1994 the Contact Group presented a plan to the warring parties that roughly equally divides the country between the two, while maintaining Bosnia in its current internationally recognized borders. The Federation agreed to the plan almost immediately, while the Bosnian Serbs rejected it." );; line 14198 (wfb::location bosnia_and_herzegovina "Southeastern Europe, bordering the Adriatic Sea and Croatia" );; line 14217 (wfb::map_references bosnia_and_herzegovina "Ethnic Groups in Eastern Europe, Europe" );; line 14221 (wfb::area bosnia_and_herzegovina total_area (* 51233 sq_km) );; line 14226 (wfb::area bosnia_and_herzegovina land_area (* 51233 sq_km) );; line 14228 (wfb::area bosnia_and_herzegovina comparative_area "slightly larger than Tennessee" );; line 14230 (wfb::comment land_boundaries bosnia_and_herzegovina "312 km with Serbia; 215 km with Montenegro" );; line 14234 (wfb::borders bosnia_and_herzegovina total (* 1459 km) );; line 14234 (wfb::borders bosnia_and_herzegovina croatia (* 932 km) );; line 14234 (wfb::borders bosnia_and_herzegovina serbia_and_montenegro (* 527 km) );; line 14234 (wfb::coastline bosnia_and_herzegovina (* 20 km) );; line 14239 (wfb::international_disputes bosnia_and_herzegovina "as of January 1995, Bosnian Government and Bosnian Serb leaders remain far apart on territorial and constitutional solutions for Bosnia" );; line 14247 (wfb::international_disputes bosnia_and_herzegovina "the two sides did, however, sign a four-month cessation of hostilities agreement effective January 1" );; line 14247 (wfb::international_disputes bosnia_and_herzegovina "the Bosnian Serbs continue to reject the Contact Group Plan submitted by the United States, United Kingdom, France, Germany, and Russia, and accepted by the Bosnian Government, which stands firm in its desire to regain lost territory and preserve Bosnia as a multiethnic state within its current borders" );; line 14247 (wfb::international_disputes bosnia_and_herzegovina "Bosnian Serb forces control approximately 70% of Bosnian territory" );; line 14247 (wfb::climate bosnia_and_herzegovina "hot summers and cold winters" );; line 14259 (wfb::climate bosnia_and_herzegovina "areas of high elevation have short, cool summers and long, severe winters" );; line 14259 (wfb::climate bosnia_and_herzegovina "mild, rainy winters along coast" );; line 14259 (wfb::terrain bosnia_and_herzegovina "mountains and valleys" );; line 14264 (wfb::natural-resource bosnia_and_herzegovina coal );; line 14268 (wfb::natural-resource bosnia_and_herzegovina iron-natural-resource );; line 14268 (wfb::natural-resource bosnia_and_herzegovina bauxite );; line 14268 (wfb::natural-resource bosnia_and_herzegovina manganese );; line 14268 (wfb::natural-resource bosnia_and_herzegovina timber );; line 14268 (wfb::natural-resource bosnia_and_herzegovina wood_products-natural-resource );; line 14268 (wfb::natural-resource bosnia_and_herzegovina copper );; line 14268 (wfb::natural-resource bosnia_and_herzegovina chromium );; line 14268 (wfb::natural-resource bosnia_and_herzegovina lead );; line 14268 (wfb::natural-resource bosnia_and_herzegovina zinc );; line 14268 (wfb::land_use bosnia_and_herzegovina arable_land (* 20 %) );; line 14274 (wfb::land_use bosnia_and_herzegovina permanent_crops (* 2 %) );; line 14276 (wfb::land_use bosnia_and_herzegovina meadows_and_pastures (* 25 %) );; line 14278 (wfb::land_use bosnia_and_herzegovina forest_and_woodland (* 36 %) );; line 14280 (wfb::land_use bosnia_and_herzegovina other (* 17 %) );; line 14282 (wfb::irrigated_land bosnia_and_herzegovina (* n/a sq_km) );; line 14286 (wfb::environment bosnia_and_herzegovina current_issues "air pollution from metallurgical plants" );; line 14291 (wfb::environment bosnia_and_herzegovina current_issues "sites for disposing of urban waste are limited" );; line 14291 (wfb::environment bosnia_and_herzegovina current_issues "widespread casualties, water shortages, and destruction of infrastructure because of civil strife" );; line 14291 (wfb::environment bosnia_and_herzegovina natural_hazards "frequent and destructive earthquakes" );; line 14295 (wfb::environment bosnia_and_herzegovina international_agreements "party to - Air Pollution, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection" );; line 14297 (wfb::estimation-date population bosnia_and_herzegovina date_jul_1995 );; line 14304 (wfb::population bosnia_and_herzegovina 3201823 );; line 14304 (wfb::comment population bosnia_and_herzegovina "all data dealing with population is subject to considerable error because of the dislocations caused by military action and ethnic cleansing" );; line 14306 (wfb::age_structure bosnia_and_herzegovina 0-14_years (* 22 %) );; line 14312 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex bosnia_and_herzegovina 0-14_years female 337787 );; line 14312 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex bosnia_and_herzegovina 0-14_years male 370966 );; line 14312 (wfb::age_structure bosnia_and_herzegovina 15-64_years (* 68 %) );; line 14314 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex bosnia_and_herzegovina 15-64_years female 1082357 );; line 14314 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex bosnia_and_herzegovina 15-64_years male 1085610 );; line 14314 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure bosnia_and_herzegovina 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 14316 (wfb::age_structure bosnia_and_herzegovina 65_years_and_over (* 10 %) );; line 14316 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex bosnia_and_herzegovina 65_years_and_over female 190992 );; line 14316 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex bosnia_and_herzegovina 65_years_and_over male 134111 );; line 14316 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate bosnia_and_herzegovina date_1995 );; line 14320 (wfb::population_growth_rate bosnia_and_herzegovina (* 0.65 %) );; line 14320 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate bosnia_and_herzegovina date_1995 );; line 14324 (wfb::birth_rate bosnia_and_herzegovina (* 11.29 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 14324 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate bosnia_and_herzegovina date_1995 );; line 14328 (wfb::death_rate bosnia_and_herzegovina (* 7.51 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 14328 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate bosnia_and_herzegovina date_1995 );; line 14332 (wfb::net_migration_rate bosnia_and_herzegovina (* 2.72 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 14332 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate bosnia_and_herzegovina date_1995 );; line 14336 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate bosnia_and_herzegovina (* 11.6 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 14336 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth bosnia_and_herzegovina total_population (* 75.47 years) );; line 14341 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth bosnia_and_herzegovina male (* 72.75 years) );; line 14343 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth bosnia_and_herzegovina female date_1995 );; line 14345 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth bosnia_and_herzegovina female (* 78.37 years) );; line 14345 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate bosnia_and_herzegovina date_1995 );; line 14349 (wfb::total_fertility_rate bosnia_and_herzegovina (* 1.65 children_born/woman) );; line 14349 (wfb::nationality bosnia_and_herzegovina noun "Bosnian(s), Herzegovinian(s)" );; line 14354 (wfb::nationality bosnia_and_herzegovina adjective "Bosnian, Herzegovinian" );; line 14356 (wfb::comment ethnic_divisions bosnia_and_herzegovina "est." );; line 14360 (wfb::ethnic-entity bosnia_and_herzegovina muslim-ethnic-entity (* 38 %) );; line 14360 (wfb::ethnic-entity bosnia_and_herzegovina serb (* 40 %) );; line 14360 (wfb::ethnic-entity bosnia_and_herzegovina croat (* 22 %) );; line 14360 (wfb::religion bosnia_and_herzegovina muslim (* 40 %) );; line 14364 (wfb::religion bosnia_and_herzegovina orthodox (* 31 %) );; line 14364 (wfb::religion bosnia_and_herzegovina catholic (* 15 %) );; line 14364 (wfb::religion bosnia_and_herzegovina protestant (* 4 %) );; line 14364 (wfb::language bosnia_and_herzegovina serbo-croatian (* 99 %) );; line 14368 (wfb::literacy-condition bosnia_and_herzegovina "NA%" );; line 14372 (wfb::total_labor_force bosnia_and_herzegovina 1026254 );; line 14376 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation bosnia_and_herzegovina na% n/a );; line 14378 (wfb::note bosnia_and_herzegovina "The US recognizes the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, formed by the Muslims and Croats in March 1994, remains in the implementation stages." );; line 14383 (wfb::names bosnia_and_herzegovina conventional_long_form "Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina" );; line 14390 (wfb::names bosnia_and_herzegovina conventional_short_form "Bosnia and Herzegovina" );; line 14392 (wfb::names bosnia_and_herzegovina local_long_form "Republika Bosna i Hercegovina" );; line 14394 (wfb::names bosnia_and_herzegovina local_short_form "Bosna i Hercegovina" );; line 14396 (wfb::digraph bosnia_and_herzegovina "BK" );; line 14400 (wfb::type bosnia_and_herzegovina "emerging democracy" );; line 14404 (wfb::capital bosnia_and_herzegovina sarajevo-bosnia_and_herzegovina );; line 14408 (wfb::comment administrative_divisions bosnia_and_herzegovina "currently under negotiation with the assistance of international mediators" );; line 14429 (wfb::independence bosnia_and_herzegovina date_apr_1992 "Yugoslavia" );; line 14434 (wfb::constitution bosnia_and_herzegovina "promulgated in 1974 (under the Communists), amended 1989, 1990, and 1991; the Assembly planned to draft a new constitution in 1991, before conditions deteriorated; constitution of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (including Muslim and Croatian controlled parts of Republic) ratified April 1994" );; line 14442 (wfb::legal_system bosnia_and_herzegovina "based on civil law system" );; line 14449 (wfb::comment suffrage bosnia_and_herzegovina " 18 years of age, universal" );; line 14453 (wfb::executive_branch bosnia_and_herzegovina head_of_government "Prime Minister Haris SILAJDZIC " date_oct_1993 );; line 14464 (wfb::comment executive_branch bosnia_and_herzegovina cabinet "members of, and responsible to, the National Assembly" );; line 14466 (wfb::executive_branch bosnia_and_herzegovina cabinet "executive body of ministers" );; line 14466 (wfb::comment executive_branch bosnia_and_herzegovina "the president of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina is Kresimir ZUBAK (since 31 May 1994); Vice President Ejup GANIC (since 31 May 1994)" );; line 14469 (wfb::legislative_structure bosnia_and_herzegovina bicameral "National Assembly" );; line 14475 (wfb::legislative_branch bosnia_and_herzegovina "Chamber of Municipalities (Vijece Opeina)" "elections last held November-December 1990 (next to be held NA); percent of vote by party NA; seats - (110 total) SDA 43, SDS BiH 38, HDZ BiH 23, Party of Democratic Changes 4, DSS 1, SPO 1" );; line 14477 (wfb::legislative_branch bosnia_and_herzegovina "Chamber of Citizens (Vijece Gradanstvo)" "elections last held November-December 1990 (next to be held NA); percent of vote by party NA; seats - (130 total) SDA 43, SDS BiH 34, HDZ BiH 21, Party of Democratic Changes 15, SRSJ BiH 12, LBO 2, DSS 1, DSZ 1, LS 1" );; line 14481 (wfb::comment legislative_branch bosnia_and_herzegovina "legislative elections for Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina are slated for late 1994" );; line 14485 (wfb::judicial_branch bosnia_and_herzegovina "Supreme Court, Constitutional Court" );; line 14490 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders bosnia_and_herzegovina "Party of Democratic Action (SDA), Alija IZETBEGOVIC; Croatian Democratic Union of Bosnia and Herzegovina (HDZ BiH), Dario KORDIC; Serbian Democratic Party of Bosnia and Herzegovina (SDS BiH), Radovan KARADZIC, president; Liberal Bosnian Organization (LBO), Adil ZULFIKARPASIC, president; Democratic Party of Socialists (DSS), Nijaz DURAKOVIC, president; Party of Democratic Changes, leader NA; Serbian Movement for Renewal (SPO), Milan TRIVUNCIC; Alliance of Reform Forces of Yugoslavia for Bosnia and Herzegovina (SRSJ BiH), Dr. Nenad KECMANOVIC, president; Democratic League of Greens (DSZ), Drazen PETROVIC; Liberal Party (LS), Rasim KADIC, president" );; line 14494 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups bosnia_and_herzegovina "NA" );; line 14506 (wfb::member_of bosnia_and_herzegovina ce );; line 14510 (wfb::comment member_of bosnia_and_herzegovina ce "guest" );; line 14510 (wfb::member_of bosnia_and_herzegovina cei );; line 14510 (wfb::member_of bosnia_and_herzegovina ece );; line 14510 (wfb::member_of bosnia_and_herzegovina fao );; line 14510 (wfb::member_of bosnia_and_herzegovina icao );; line 14510 (wfb::member_of bosnia_and_herzegovina ifad );; line 14510 (wfb::member_of bosnia_and_herzegovina ilo );; line 14510 (wfb::member_of bosnia_and_herzegovina imo );; line 14510 (wfb::member_of bosnia_and_herzegovina intelsat );; line 14510 (wfb::comment member_of bosnia_and_herzegovina intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 14510 (wfb::member_of bosnia_and_herzegovina interpol );; line 14510 (wfb::member_of bosnia_and_herzegovina ioc );; line 14510 (wfb::member_of bosnia_and_herzegovina iom );; line 14510 (wfb::comment member_of bosnia_and_herzegovina iom "observer" );; line 14510 (wfb::member_of bosnia_and_herzegovina itu );; line 14510 (wfb::member_of bosnia_and_herzegovina nam );; line 14510 (wfb::comment member_of bosnia_and_herzegovina nam "guest" );; line 14510 (wfb::member_of bosnia_and_herzegovina osce );; line 14510 (wfb::member_of bosnia_and_herzegovina un );; line 14510 (wfb::member_of bosnia_and_herzegovina unctad );; line 14510 (wfb::member_of bosnia_and_herzegovina unesco );; line 14510 (wfb::member_of bosnia_and_herzegovina unido );; line 14510 (wfb::member_of bosnia_and_herzegovina upu );; line 14510 (wfb::member_of bosnia_and_herzegovina who );; line 14510 (wfb::member_of bosnia_and_herzegovina wipo );; line 14510 (wfb::member_of bosnia_and_herzegovina wto );; line 14510 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us bosnia_and_herzegovina chief_of_mission "Ambassador Sven ALKALAJ" );; line 14517 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us bosnia_and_herzegovina chancery "Suite 760, 1707 L Street NW, Washington, DC 20036" );; line 14519 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us bosnia_and_herzegovina telephone "[1] (202) 833-3612, 3613, 3615" );; line 14521 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us bosnia_and_herzegovina fax "[1] (202) 833-2061" );; line 14523 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us bosnia_and_herzegovina |consulate(s) general| "New York" );; line 14525 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation bosnia_and_herzegovina chief_of_mission "Ambassador Victor JACKOVICH" );; line 14530 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation bosnia_and_herzegovina embassy "address NA" );; line 14532 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation bosnia_and_herzegovina mailing_address "American Embassy Bosnia, c/o AmEmbassy Vienna Boltzmangasse 16, A-1091, Vienna, Austria; APO: (Bosnia) Vienna, Department of State, Washington, DC 20521-9900" );; line 14534 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation bosnia_and_herzegovina telephone "[43] (1) 313-39" );; line 14538 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation bosnia_and_herzegovina fax "[43] (1) 310-0682" );; line 14540 (wfb::flag bosnia_and_herzegovina "white with a large blue shield; the shield contains white Roman crosses with a white diagonal band running from the upper hoist corner to the lower fly side" );; line 14544 (wfb::overview bosnia_and_herzegovina "Bosnia and Herzegovina ranked next to The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia as the poorest republic in the old Yugoslav federation. Although agriculture has been almost all in private hands, farms have been small and inefficient, and the republic traditionally has been a net importer of food. Industry has been greatly overstaffed, one reflection of the rigidities of Communist central planning and management. TITO had pushed the development of military industries in the republic with the result that Bosnia hosted a large share of Yugoslavia's defense plants. As of February 1995, Bosnia and Herzegovina was being torn apart by the continued bitter interethnic warfare that has caused production to plummet, unemployment and inflation to soar, and human misery to multiply. No economic statistics for 1992-94 are available, although output clearly has fallen substantially below the levels of earlier years and almost certainly is well below $1,000 per head. The country receives substantial amounts of humanitarian aid from the international community." );; line 14551 (wfb::national_product bosnia_and_herzegovina (* n/a $) );; line 14569 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate bosnia_and_herzegovina (* n/a %) );; line 14573 (wfb::national_product_per_capita bosnia_and_herzegovina (* n/a $) );; line 14577 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| bosnia_and_herzegovina "NA%" );; line 14581 (wfb::unemployment_rate bosnia_and_herzegovina (* n/a %) );; line 14585 (wfb::budget bosnia_and_herzegovina revenues (* n/a $) );; line 14590 (wfb::budget bosnia_and_herzegovina expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 14592 (wfb::budget bosnia_and_herzegovina capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 14592 (wfb::exports bosnia_and_herzegovina (* n/a $) );; line 14596 (wfb::imports bosnia_and_herzegovina (* n/a $) );; line 14604 (wfb::external_debt bosnia_and_herzegovina (* n/a $) );; line 14612 (wfb::industrial_production bosnia_and_herzegovina growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 14616 (wfb::electricity bosnia_and_herzegovina capacity (* 3800000 kw) );; line 14622 (wfb::electricity bosnia_and_herzegovina production (* n/a kwh) );; line 14624 (wfb::measurement-date electricity bosnia_and_herzegovina consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 14626 (wfb::electricity bosnia_and_herzegovina consumption_per_capita (* n/a kwh) );; line 14626 (wfb::measurement-date industry date_1991 );; line 14630 (wfb::industry bosnia_and_herzegovina steel_production );; line 14630 (wfb::industry bosnia_and_herzegovina |mining (coal, iron ore, lead, zinc, manganese, and bauxite)| );; line 14630 (wfb::industry bosnia_and_herzegovina |manufacturing (vehicle assembly, textiles, tobacco products, wooden furniture, 40% of former Yugoslavia's armaments including tank and aircraft assembly, domestic appliances)| );; line 14630 (wfb::industry bosnia_and_herzegovina oil_refining );; line 14630 (wfb::agriculture bosnia_and_herzegovina "accounted for 9.0% of GDP in 1989; regularly produces less than 50% of food needs; the foothills of northern Bosnia support orchards, vineyards, livestock, and some wheat and corn; long winters and heavy precipitation leach soil fertility reducing agricultural output in the mountains; farms are mostly privately held, small, and not very productive (1991)" );; line 14637 (wfb::illicit_drugs bosnia_and_herzegovina "NA" );; line 14645 (wfb::economic_aid bosnia_and_herzegovina "$NA" );; line 14649 (wfb::exchange_rates bosnia_and_herzegovina "NA" );; line 14660 (wfb::fiscal_year bosnia_and_herzegovina date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 14664 (wfb::railroads bosnia_and_herzegovina total "1,021 km (electrified 795 km)" );; line 14670 (wfb::railroads bosnia_and_herzegovina standard_gauge "1,021 km 1.435-m gauge (1994)" );; line 14672 (wfb::highways bosnia_and_herzegovina total (* 21168 km) );; line 14677 (wfb::highways bosnia_and_herzegovina paved (* 11436 km) );; line 14679 (wfb::measurement-date highways bosnia_and_herzegovina date_1991 );; line 14681 (wfb::highways bosnia_and_herzegovina gravel (* 8146 km) );; line 14681 (wfb::highways bosnia_and_herzegovina earth (* 1586 km) );; line 14681 (wfb::inland_waterways bosnia_and_herzegovina "NA km" );; line 14685 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 174 km) );; line 14689 (wfb::measurement-date pipelines date_1992 );; line 14689 (wfb::comment pipelines bosnia_and_herzegovina "1992" );; line 14689 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 90 km) );; line 14689 (wfb::port bosnia_and_herzegovina bosanski_brod-bosnia_and_herzegovina );; line 14694 (wfb::merchant_marine bosnia_and_herzegovina "none" );; line 14698 (wfb::airports bosnia_and_herzegovina total 27 );; line 14703 (wfb::airports bosnia_and_herzegovina |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 4 );; line 14705 (wfb::airports bosnia_and_herzegovina |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 3 );; line 14707 (wfb::airports bosnia_and_herzegovina with_paved_runways_under_914_m 11 );; line 14709 (wfb::airports bosnia_and_herzegovina |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 1 );; line 14711 (wfb::airports bosnia_and_herzegovina |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 8 );; line 14713 (wfb::telephone_system bosnia_and_herzegovina "727,000 telephones; telephone and telegraph network is in need of modernization and expansion; many urban areas are below average when compared with services in other former Yugoslav republics" );; line 14718 (wfb::telephone_system bosnia_and_herzegovina local "NA" );; line 14722 (wfb::telephone_system bosnia_and_herzegovina intercity "NA" );; line 14724 (wfb::telephone_system bosnia_and_herzegovina international "no earth stations" );; line 14726 (wfb::radio bosnia_and_herzegovina broadcast_stations am 9 );; line 14731 (wfb::radio bosnia_and_herzegovina broadcast_stations fm 2 );; line 14731 (wfb::radio bosnia_and_herzegovina broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 14731 (wfb::radio bosnia_and_herzegovina radios 840000 );; line 14733 (wfb::television bosnia_and_herzegovina broadcast_stations 6 );; line 14738 (wfb::television bosnia_and_herzegovina televisions 1012094 );; line 14740 (wfb::defense_branch bosnia_and_herzegovina army_bosnia_and_herzegovina );; line 14746 (wfb::manpower_availability bosnia_and_herzegovina "males age 15-49 815,055; males fit for military service 657,454; males reach military age (19) annually 38,201 (1995 est.)" );; line 14750 (wfb::markup-parameter figure botswana "graphno=\"bc.tif\"" );; line 14761 (wfb::location botswana "Southern Africa, north of South Africa" );; line 14765 (wfb::map_references botswana "Africa" );; line 14769 (wfb::area botswana total_area (* 600370 sq_km) );; line 14774 (wfb::area botswana land_area (* 585370 sq_km) );; line 14776 (wfb::area botswana comparative_area "slightly smaller than Texas" );; line 14778 (wfb::borders botswana total (* 4013 km) );; line 14782 (wfb::borders botswana namibia (* 1360 km) );; line 14782 (wfb::borders botswana south_africa (* 1840 km) );; line 14782 (wfb::borders botswana zimbabwe (* 813 km) );; line 14782 (wfb::comment coastline botswana "landlocked" );; line 14787 (wfb::coastline botswana (* 0 km) );; line 14787 (wfb::maritime_claims botswana "none; landlocked" );; line 14791 (wfb::international_disputes botswana "short section of boundary with Namibia is indefinite" );; line 14795 (wfb::international_disputes botswana "quadripoint with Namibia, Zambia, and Zimbabwe is in disagreement" );; line 14795 (wfb::international_disputes botswana "dispute with Namibia over uninhabited Kasikili (Sidudu) Island in Linyanti (Chobe) River remained unresolved in mid-February 1995 and the parties agreed to refer the matter to the International Court of Justice" );; line 14795 (wfb::climate botswana "semiarid" );; line 14803 (wfb::climate botswana "warm winters and hot summers" );; line 14803 (wfb::terrain botswana "predominately flat to gently rolling tableland" );; line 14807 (wfb::terrain botswana "Kalahari Desert in southwest" );; line 14807 (wfb::natural-resource botswana diamonds );; line 14812 (wfb::natural-resource botswana copper );; line 14812 (wfb::natural-resource botswana nickel );; line 14812 (wfb::natural-resource botswana salt );; line 14812 (wfb::natural-resource botswana soda_ash );; line 14812 (wfb::natural-resource botswana potash );; line 14812 (wfb::natural-resource botswana coal );; line 14812 (wfb::natural-resource botswana iron_ore );; line 14812 (wfb::natural-resource botswana silver );; line 14812 (wfb::land_use botswana arable_land (* 2 %) );; line 14818 (wfb::land_use botswana permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 14820 (wfb::land_use botswana meadows_and_pastures (* 75 %) );; line 14822 (wfb::land_use botswana forest_and_woodland (* 2 %) );; line 14824 (wfb::land_use botswana other (* 21 %) );; line 14826 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land botswana date_1989 );; line 14830 (wfb::irrigated_land botswana (* 20 sq_km) );; line 14830 (wfb::environment botswana current_issues "overgrazing, primarily as a result of the expansion of the cattle population" );; line 14835 (wfb::environment botswana current_issues "desertification" );; line 14835 (wfb::environment botswana current_issues "limited natural fresh water resources" );; line 14835 (wfb::environment botswana natural_hazards "periodic droughts" );; line 14838 (wfb::environment botswana natural_hazards "seasonal August winds blow from the west, carrying sand and dust across the country, which can obscure visibility" );; line 14838 (wfb::environment botswana international_agreements "party to - Climate Change, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection" );; line 14841 (wfb::environment botswana international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity" );; line 14841 (wfb::note botswana "landlocked; population concentrated in eastern part of the country" );; line 14847 (wfb::estimation-date population botswana date_jul_1995 );; line 14854 (wfb::population botswana 1392414 );; line 14854 (wfb::age_structure botswana 0-14_years (* 43 %) );; line 14859 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex botswana 0-14_years female 300598 );; line 14859 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex botswana 0-14_years male 303333 );; line 14859 (wfb::age_structure botswana 15-64_years (* 53 %) );; line 14861 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex botswana 15-64_years female 398347 );; line 14861 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex botswana 15-64_years male 344838 );; line 14861 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure botswana 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 14863 (wfb::age_structure botswana 65_years_and_over (* 4 %) );; line 14863 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex botswana 65_years_and_over female 25773 );; line 14863 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex botswana 65_years_and_over male 19525 );; line 14863 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate botswana date_1995 );; line 14867 (wfb::population_growth_rate botswana (* 2.36 %) );; line 14867 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate botswana date_1995 );; line 14871 (wfb::birth_rate botswana (* 31.01 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 14871 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate botswana date_1995 );; line 14875 (wfb::death_rate botswana (* 7.41 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 14875 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate botswana date_1995 );; line 14879 (wfb::net_migration_rate botswana (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 14879 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate botswana date_1995 );; line 14883 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate botswana (* 38 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 14883 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth botswana total_population (* 63.56 years) );; line 14888 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth botswana male (* 60.54 years) );; line 14890 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth botswana female date_1995 );; line 14892 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth botswana female (* 66.67 years) );; line 14892 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate botswana date_1995 );; line 14896 (wfb::total_fertility_rate botswana (* 3.86 children_born/woman) );; line 14896 (wfb::nationality botswana noun "Motswana (singular), Batswana (plural)" );; line 14901 (wfb::nationality botswana adjective "Motswana (singular), Batswana (plural)" );; line 14903 (wfb::ethnic-entity botswana batswana (* 95 %) );; line 14907 (wfb::ethnic-entity botswana union1 (* 4 %) );; line 14907 (wfb::ethnic-entity botswana white (* 1 %) );; line 14907 (wfb::religion botswana indigenous_beliefs (* 50 %) );; line 14911 (wfb::religion botswana christian (* 50 %) );; line 14911 (wfb::language botswana english n/a );; line 14915 (wfb::comment language botswana english "official" );; line 14915 (wfb::language botswana setswana n/a );; line 14915 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition botswana date_1990 );; line 14919 (wfb::literacy-condition botswana "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 14919 (wfb::literacy botswana total_population (* 23 %) );; line 14921 (wfb::literacy botswana male (* 32 %) );; line 14923 (wfb::literacy botswana female (* 16 %) );; line 14925 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force botswana date_1992 );; line 14929 (wfb::total_labor_force botswana 428000 );; line 14929 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force botswana by_occupation date_mar_1992 );; line 14931 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_mar_1992 );; line 14931 (wfb::names botswana conventional_long_form "Republic of Botswana" );; line 14939 (wfb::names botswana conventional_short_form "Botswana" );; line 14941 (wfb::names botswana former "Bechuanaland" );; line 14943 (wfb::digraph botswana "BC" );; line 14947 (wfb::type botswana "parliamentary republic" );; line 14951 (wfb::capital botswana gaborone-botswana );; line 14955 (wfb::independence botswana date_30_sep_1966 "UK" );; line 14965 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1966 );; line 14969 (wfb::comment national_holiday botswana "1966" );; line 14969 (wfb::national_holiday botswana "Independence Day" date_30_sep );; line 14969 (wfb::constitution botswana "March 1965, effective 30 September 1966" );; line 14973 (wfb::legal_system botswana "based on Roman-Dutch law and local customary law; judicial review limited to matters of interpretation; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 14977 (wfb::comment suffrage botswana " universal" );; line 14983 (wfb::suffrage botswana (* 21 years_of_age) );; line 14983 (wfb::comment executive_branch botswana chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "Vice President Festus MOGAE (since 9 March 1992)" );; line 14988 (wfb::comment executive_branch botswana chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "election last held 15 October 1994 (next to be held October 1999)" );; line 14988 (wfb::comment executive_branch botswana chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "results - President Sir Ketumile MASIRE was reelected by the National Assembly" );; line 14988 (wfb::executive_branch botswana chief_of_state "President Sir Ketumile MASIRE " date_13_jul_1980 );; line 14988 (wfb::executive_branch botswana head_of_government "President Sir Ketumile MASIRE " date_13_jul_1980 );; line 14988 (wfb::comment executive_branch botswana cabinet "appointed by the president" );; line 14993 (wfb::executive_branch botswana cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 14993 (wfb::legislative_structure botswana bicameral "Parliament" );; line 14997 (wfb::legislative_branch botswana "House of Chiefs" "is a largely advisory 15-member body consisting of chiefs of the 8 principal tribes, 4 elected subchiefs, and 3 members selected by the other 12" );; line 14999 (wfb::legislative_branch botswana "National Assembly" "elections last held 15 October 1994 (next to be held October 1999); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (44 total of which 40 are elected and 4 are appointed) BDP 27, BNF 13" );; line 15003 (wfb::judicial_branch botswana "High Court, Court of Appeal" );; line 15009 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders botswana "Botswana Democratic Party (BDP), Sir Ketumile MASIRE; Botswana National Front (BNF), Kenneth KOMA; Botswana People's Party (BPP), Knight MARIPE; Botswana Independence Party (BIP), Motsamai MPHO" );; line 15013 (wfb::member_of botswana acp );; line 15019 (wfb::member_of botswana afdb );; line 15019 (wfb::member_of botswana c );; line 15019 (wfb::member_of botswana ccc );; line 15019 (wfb::member_of botswana eca );; line 15019 (wfb::member_of botswana fao );; line 15019 (wfb::member_of botswana fls );; line 15019 (wfb::member_of botswana g-77 );; line 15019 (wfb::member_of botswana gatt );; line 15019 (wfb::member_of botswana ibrd );; line 15019 (wfb::member_of botswana icao );; line 15019 (wfb::member_of botswana icftu );; line 15019 (wfb::member_of botswana icrm );; line 15019 (wfb::member_of botswana ida );; line 15019 (wfb::member_of botswana ifad );; line 15019 (wfb::member_of botswana ifc );; line 15019 (wfb::member_of botswana ifrcs );; line 15019 (wfb::member_of botswana ilo );; line 15019 (wfb::member_of botswana imf );; line 15019 (wfb::member_of botswana intelsat );; line 15019 (wfb::comment member_of botswana intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 15019 (wfb::member_of botswana interpol );; line 15019 (wfb::member_of botswana ioc );; line 15019 (wfb::member_of botswana itu );; line 15019 (wfb::member_of botswana nam );; line 15019 (wfb::member_of botswana oau );; line 15019 (wfb::member_of botswana sacu );; line 15019 (wfb::member_of botswana sadc );; line 15019 (wfb::member_of botswana un );; line 15019 (wfb::member_of botswana unctad );; line 15019 (wfb::member_of botswana unesco );; line 15019 (wfb::member_of botswana unido );; line 15019 (wfb::member_of botswana unomoz );; line 15019 (wfb::member_of botswana unomur );; line 15019 (wfb::member_of botswana unosom );; line 15019 (wfb::member_of botswana upu );; line 15019 (wfb::member_of botswana wcl );; line 15019 (wfb::member_of botswana wftu );; line 15019 (wfb::member_of botswana who );; line 15019 (wfb::member_of botswana wmo );; line 15019 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us botswana chief_of_mission "Ambassador Botsweletse Kingsley SEBELE" );; line 15027 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us botswana chancery "Suite 7M, 3400 International Drive NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 15029 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us botswana telephone "[1] (202) 244-4990, 4991" );; line 15031 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us botswana fax "[1] (202) 244-4164" );; line 15033 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation botswana chief_of_mission "Ambassador Howard F. JETER" );; line 15038 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation botswana embassy "address NA, Gaborone" );; line 15040 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation botswana mailing_address "P. O. Box 90, Gaborone" );; line 15042 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation botswana telephone "[267] 353982" );; line 15044 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation botswana fax "[267] 356947" );; line 15046 (wfb::flag botswana "light blue with a horizontal white-edged black stripe in the center" );; line 15050 (wfb::overview botswana "The economy has historically been based on cattle raising and crops. Agriculture today provides a livelihood for more than 80% of the population but supplies only about 50% of food needs and accounts for only 5% of GDP. Subsistence farming and cattle raising predominate. The driving force behind the rapid economic growth of the 1970s and 1980s has been the mining industry. This sector, mostly on the strength of diamonds, has gone from generating 25% of GDP in 1980 to 39% in 1994. No other sector has experienced such growth, especially not agriculture, which is plagued by erratic rainfall and poor soils. The unemployment rate remains a problem at 25%. Hampered by a still sluggish diamond market in 1994, GDP grew by only 1%." );; line 15056 (wfb::estimation-date national_product botswana date_1994 );; line 15069 (wfb::national_product botswana (* 4.3e9 $) );; line 15069 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate botswana date_1994 );; line 15073 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate botswana (* 1 %) );; line 15073 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita botswana date_1994 );; line 15077 (wfb::national_product_per_capita botswana (* 3130 $) );; line 15077 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| botswana "10% (1994 est.)" );; line 15081 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate botswana date_1994 );; line 15085 (wfb::unemployment_rate botswana (* 25 %) );; line 15085 (wfb::budget botswana revenues (* 1.7e9 $) );; line 15090 (wfb::for-fiscal-year budget botswana 93 );; line 15092 (wfb::budget botswana expenditures (* 1.99e9 $) );; line 15092 (wfb::budget botswana capital_expenditures (* 652e6 $) );; line 15092 (wfb::exports botswana (* 1.8e9 $) );; line 15097 (wfb::exports botswana commodities diamonds-commodity (* 78 %) );; line 15099 (wfb::exports botswana commodities copper_and_nickel (* 6 %) );; line 15099 (wfb::exports botswana commodities meat (* 5 %) );; line 15099 (wfb::comment exports botswana partners "Southern African Customs Union" );; line 15101 (wfb::exports botswana partners switzerland n/a );; line 15101 (wfb::exports botswana partners uk n/a );; line 15101 (wfb::exports botswana partners sacu-region n/a );; line 15101 (wfb::imports botswana (* 1.8e9 $) );; line 15105 (wfb::imports botswana commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 15107 (wfb::imports botswana commodities vehicles_and_transport_equipment n/a );; line 15107 (wfb::imports botswana commodities textiles-commodity n/a );; line 15107 (wfb::imports botswana commodities petroleum_products-commodity n/a );; line 15107 (wfb::imports botswana partners switzerland n/a );; line 15110 (wfb::imports botswana partners sacu-georef n/a );; line 15110 (wfb::imports botswana partners uk n/a );; line 15110 (wfb::imports botswana partners us n/a );; line 15110 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt botswana date_dec_1991 );; line 15114 (wfb::external_debt botswana (* 344e6 $) );; line 15114 (wfb::for-fiscal-year industrial_production 92 );; line 15118 (wfb::for-fiscal-year industrial_production botswana 92 );; line 15118 (wfb::industrial_production botswana growth_rate (* 4.6 %) );; line 15118 (wfb::electricity botswana capacity (* 220000 kw) );; line 15124 (wfb::electricity botswana production (* 900e6 kwh) );; line 15126 (wfb::measurement-date electricity botswana consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 15128 (wfb::electricity botswana consumption_per_capita (* 694 kwh) );; line 15128 (wfb::industry botswana mining_of_diamonds );; line 15132 (wfb::industry botswana copper-industry );; line 15132 (wfb::industry botswana nickel-industry );; line 15132 (wfb::industry botswana coal-industry );; line 15132 (wfb::industry botswana salt-industry );; line 15132 (wfb::industry botswana soda_ash-industry );; line 15132 (wfb::industry botswana potash-industry );; line 15132 (wfb::industry botswana livestock_processing );; line 15132 (wfb::agriculture botswana "sorghum, maize, millet, pulses, groundnuts, beans, cowpeas, sunflower seeds; livestock" );; line 15137 (wfb::economic_aid botswana recipient "US aid (1992), $13 million; Norway (1992), $16 million; Sweden (1992), $15.5 million; Germany (1992), $3.6 million; EC/Lome-IV (1992), $3 million-$6 million in grants; $28.7 million in long-term projects (1992)" );; line 15143 (wfb::abbreviation pula "P" );; line 15149 (wfb::currency botswana pula 100 thebe );; line 15149 (wfb::exchange_rates botswana "pula (P) per US$1 - 1.7086 (January 1995), 2.6976 (November 1994), 2.4190 (1993), 2.1327 (1992), 2.0173 (1991), 1.8601 (1990)" );; line 15153 (wfb::fiscal_year botswana date_1_apr date_31_mar );; line 15158 (wfb::railroads botswana total "888 km" );; line 15164 (wfb::railroads botswana narrow_gauge "888 km 1.067-m gauge (1992)" );; line 15166 (wfb::highways botswana total (* 11514 km) );; line 15171 (wfb::highways botswana paved (* 1600 km) );; line 15173 (wfb::highways botswana (union crushed_stone gravel ) (* 1700 km) );; line 15175 (wfb::highways botswana improved_earth (* 5177 km) );; line 15175 (wfb::highways botswana unimproved_earth (* 3037 km) );; line 15175 (wfb::airports botswana total 100 );; line 15185 (wfb::airports botswana |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 15187 (wfb::airports botswana |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 15189 (wfb::airports botswana |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 6 );; line 15191 (wfb::airports botswana |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 2 );; line 15193 (wfb::airports botswana with_paved_runways_under_914_m 23 );; line 15195 (wfb::airports botswana |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 5 );; line 15197 (wfb::airports botswana |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 62 );; line 15199 (wfb::telephone_system botswana "26,000 telephones; sparse system; telephone density - 18.67 telephones/1,000 persons" );; line 15204 (wfb::telephone_system botswana local "NA" );; line 15207 (wfb::telephone_system botswana intercity "small system of open wire lines, microwave radio relay links, and a few radio communication stations" );; line 15209 (wfb::telephone_system botswana international "1 INTELSAT (Indian Ocean) earth station" );; line 15212 (wfb::radio botswana broadcast_stations am 7 );; line 15217 (wfb::radio botswana broadcast_stations fm 13 );; line 15217 (wfb::radio botswana broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 15217 (wfb::radio botswana radios n/a );; line 15219 (wfb::television botswana broadcast_stations 0 );; line 15224 (wfb::television botswana televisions n/a );; line 15226 (wfb::comment defense_branch botswana botswana_defense_force_botswana "includes Army and Air Wing" );; line 15232 (wfb::defense_branch botswana botswana_defense_force_botswana );; line 15232 (wfb::defense_branch botswana botswana_national_police_botswana );; line 15232 (wfb::manpower_availability botswana "males age 15-49 306,878; males fit for military service 161,376; males reach military age (18) annually 15,403 (1995 est.)" );; line 15237 (wfb::for-fiscal-year defense_expenditures botswana 93 );; line 15242 (wfb::defense_expenditures botswana (* 198e6 $) );; line 15242 (wfb::defense_expenditures botswana (* 5.2 %_of_gdp) );; line 15242 (wfb::markup-parameter figure bouvet_island "graphno=\"bv.tif\"" );; line 15248 (wfb::header bouvet_island "(territory of Norway)" );; line 15248 (wfb::location bouvet_island "Southern Africa, island in the South Atlantic Ocean, south-southwest of the Cape of Good Hope (South Africa)" );; line 15252 (wfb::map_references bouvet_island "Antarctic Region" );; line 15257 (wfb::area bouvet_island total_area (* 58 sq_km) );; line 15262 (wfb::area bouvet_island land_area (* 58 sq_km) );; line 15264 (wfb::area bouvet_island comparative_area "about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 15266 (wfb::coastline bouvet_island (* 29.6 km) );; line 15274 (wfb::maritime_claims bouvet_island territorial_sea (* 4 nm) );; line 15279 (wfb::international_disputes bouvet_island "none" );; line 15283 (wfb::climate bouvet_island "antarctic" );; line 15287 (wfb::terrain bouvet_island "volcanic" );; line 15291 (wfb::terrain bouvet_island "maximum elevation about 800 meters" );; line 15291 (wfb::terrain bouvet_island "coast is mostly inaccessible" );; line 15291 (wfb::land_use bouvet_island arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 15301 (wfb::land_use bouvet_island permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 15303 (wfb::land_use bouvet_island meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 15305 (wfb::land_use bouvet_island forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 15307 (wfb::comment land_use bouvet_island other "all ice" );; line 15309 (wfb::land_use bouvet_island other (* 100 %) );; line 15309 (wfb::irrigated_land bouvet_island (* 0 sq_km) );; line 15313 (wfb::environment bouvet_island current_issues "NA" );; line 15318 (wfb::environment bouvet_island natural_hazards "NA" );; line 15320 (wfb::environment bouvet_island international_agreements "NA" );; line 15322 (wfb::note bouvet_island "covered by glacial ice" );; line 15326 (wfb::names bouvet_island conventional_short_form "Bouvet Island" );; line 15340 (wfb::digraph bouvet_island "BV" );; line 15344 (wfb::type bouvet_island "territory of Norway" );; line 15348 (wfb::comment independence bouvet_island "territory of Norway" );; line 15356 (wfb::overview bouvet_island "no economic activity" );; line 15361 (wfb::telephone_system bouvet_island "*** No data for this item ***" );; line 15371 (wfb::note bouvet_island "automatic meteorological station" );; line 15375 (wfb::note bouvet_island "defense is the responsibility of Norway" );; line 15381 (wfb::markup-parameter figure brazil "graphno=\"br.tif\"" );; line 15387 (wfb::location brazil "Eastern South America, bordering the Atlantic Ocean" );; line 15391 (wfb::map_references brazil "South America" );; line 15395 (wfb::area brazil total_area (* 8511965 sq_km) );; line 15400 (wfb::area brazil land_area (* 8456510 sq_km) );; line 15402 (wfb::area brazil comparative_area "slightly smaller than the US" );; line 15404 (wfb::comment area brazil "includes Arquipelago de Fernando de Noronha, Atol das Rocas, Ilha da Trindade, Ilhas Martin Vaz, and Penedos de Sao Pedro e Sao Paulo" );; line 15406 (wfb::borders brazil total (* 14691 km) );; line 15411 (wfb::borders brazil argentina (* 1224 km) );; line 15411 (wfb::borders brazil bolivia (* 3400 km) );; line 15411 (wfb::borders brazil colombia (* 1643 km) );; line 15411 (wfb::borders brazil french_guiana (* 673 km) );; line 15411 (wfb::borders brazil guyana (* 1119 km) );; line 15411 (wfb::borders brazil paraguay (* 1290 km) );; line 15411 (wfb::borders brazil peru (* 1560 km) );; line 15411 (wfb::borders brazil suriname (* 597 km) );; line 15411 (wfb::borders brazil uruguay (* 985 km) );; line 15411 (wfb::borders brazil venezuela (* 2200 km) );; line 15411 (wfb::coastline brazil (* 7491 km) );; line 15417 (wfb::maritime_claims brazil contiguous_zone (* 24 nm) );; line 15422 (wfb::maritime_claims brazil continental_shelf (* 200 nm) );; line 15424 (wfb::maritime_claims brazil exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 15426 (wfb::maritime_claims brazil territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 15428 (wfb::international_disputes brazil "short section of the boundary with Paraguay, just west of Salto das Sete Quedas (Guaira Falls) on the Rio Parana, is in dispute" );; line 15432 (wfb::international_disputes brazil "two short sections of boundary with Uruguay are in dispute - Arroio Invernada (Arroyo de la Invernada) area of the Rio Quarai (Rio Cuareim) and the islands at the confluence of the Rio Quarai and the Uruguay River" );; line 15432 (wfb::climate brazil "mostly tropical, but temperate in south" );; line 15440 (wfb::terrain brazil "mostly flat to rolling lowlands in north" );; line 15444 (wfb::terrain brazil "some plains, hills, mountains, and narrow coastal belt" );; line 15444 (wfb::natural-resource brazil bauxite );; line 15449 (wfb::natural-resource brazil gold );; line 15449 (wfb::natural-resource brazil iron_ore );; line 15449 (wfb::natural-resource brazil manganese );; line 15449 (wfb::natural-resource brazil nickel );; line 15449 (wfb::natural-resource brazil phosphates );; line 15449 (wfb::natural-resource brazil platinum );; line 15449 (wfb::natural-resource brazil tin );; line 15449 (wfb::natural-resource brazil uranium );; line 15449 (wfb::natural-resource brazil petroleum );; line 15449 (wfb::natural-resource brazil hydropower-natural-resource );; line 15449 (wfb::natural-resource brazil timber );; line 15449 (wfb::land_use brazil arable_land (* 7 %) );; line 15455 (wfb::land_use brazil permanent_crops (* 1 %) );; line 15457 (wfb::land_use brazil meadows_and_pastures (* 19 %) );; line 15459 (wfb::land_use brazil forest_and_woodland (* 67 %) );; line 15461 (wfb::land_use brazil other (* 6 %) );; line 15463 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land brazil date_1989 );; line 15467 (wfb::irrigated_land brazil (* 27000 sq_km) );; line 15467 (wfb::environment brazil current_issues "deforestation in Amazon Basin destroys the habitat and endangers the existence of a multitude of plant and animal species indigenous to the area" );; line 15472 (wfb::environment brazil current_issues "air and water pollution in Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo, and several other large cities" );; line 15472 (wfb::environment brazil current_issues "land degradation and water pollution caused by improper mining activities" );; line 15472 (wfb::environment brazil natural_hazards "recurring droughts in northeast" );; line 15478 (wfb::environment brazil natural_hazards "floods and occasional frost in south" );; line 15478 (wfb::environment brazil international_agreements "party to - Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands, Whaling" );; line 15481 (wfb::environment brazil international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Desertification" );; line 15481 (wfb::note brazil "largest country in South America; shares common boundaries with every South American country except Chile and Ecuador" );; line 15489 (wfb::estimation-date population brazil date_jul_1995 );; line 15496 (wfb::population brazil 160737489 );; line 15496 (wfb::age_structure brazil 0-14_years (* 31 %) );; line 15501 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex brazil 0-14_years female 24641868 );; line 15501 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex brazil 0-14_years male 25515775 );; line 15501 (wfb::age_structure brazil 15-64_years (* 64 %) );; line 15503 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex brazil 15-64_years female 51966272 );; line 15503 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex brazil 15-64_years male 51254165 );; line 15503 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure brazil 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 15505 (wfb::age_structure brazil 65_years_and_over (* 5 %) );; line 15505 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex brazil 65_years_and_over female 4393530 );; line 15505 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex brazil 65_years_and_over male 2965879 );; line 15505 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate brazil date_1995 );; line 15509 (wfb::population_growth_rate brazil (* 1.22 %) );; line 15509 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate brazil date_1995 );; line 15513 (wfb::birth_rate brazil (* 21.16 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 15513 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate brazil date_1995 );; line 15517 (wfb::death_rate brazil (* 8.98 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 15517 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate brazil date_1995 );; line 15521 (wfb::net_migration_rate brazil (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 15521 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate brazil date_1995 );; line 15525 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate brazil (* 57.2 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 15525 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth brazil total_population (* 61.82 years) );; line 15530 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth brazil male (* 56.57 years) );; line 15532 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth brazil female date_1995 );; line 15534 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth brazil female (* 67.32 years) );; line 15534 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate brazil date_1995 );; line 15538 (wfb::total_fertility_rate brazil (* 2.39 children_born/woman) );; line 15538 (wfb::nationality brazil noun "Brazilian(s)" );; line 15543 (wfb::nationality brazil adjective "Brazilian" );; line 15545 (wfb::religion brazil |Roman Catholic (nominal)| (* 70 %) );; line 15555 (wfb::language brazil portuguese n/a );; line 15559 (wfb::comment language brazil portuguese "official" );; line 15559 (wfb::language brazil spanish-language-group n/a );; line 15559 (wfb::language brazil english n/a );; line 15559 (wfb::language brazil french n/a );; line 15559 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition brazil date_1991 );; line 15563 (wfb::literacy-condition brazil "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 15563 (wfb::literacy brazil total_population (* 80 %) );; line 15565 (wfb::literacy brazil male (* 80 %) );; line 15567 (wfb::literacy brazil female (* 80 %) );; line 15569 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force brazil date_1989 );; line 15573 (wfb::total_labor_force brazil 57e6 );; line 15573 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation brazil services (* 42 %) );; line 15575 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation brazil agriculture (* 31 %) );; line 15575 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation brazil industry (* 27 %) );; line 15575 (wfb::names brazil conventional_long_form "Federative Republic of Brazil" );; line 15581 (wfb::names brazil conventional_short_form "Brazil" );; line 15583 (wfb::names brazil local_long_form "Republica Federativa do Brasil" );; line 15585 (wfb::names brazil local_short_form "Brasil" );; line 15587 (wfb::digraph brazil "BR" );; line 15591 (wfb::type brazil "federal republic" );; line 15595 (wfb::capital brazil brasilia-brazil );; line 15599 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_brazil_states "states" "estados" "estado" );; line 15603 (wfb::administrative_divisions brazil adm_div_brazil_states 26 );; line 15603 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_brazil_federal_district "federal district" "n/a" "distrito federal" );; line 15603 (wfb::administrative_divisions brazil adm_div_brazil_federal_district 1 );; line 15603 (wfb::administrative_division_of brazil adm_div_brazil_states "Acre" );; line 15603 (wfb::administrative_division_of brazil adm_div_brazil_states "Alagoas" );; line 15603 (wfb::administrative_division_of brazil adm_div_brazil_states "Amapa" );; line 15603 (wfb::administrative_division_of brazil adm_div_brazil_states "Amazonas" );; line 15603 (wfb::administrative_division_of brazil adm_div_brazil_states "Bahia" );; line 15603 (wfb::administrative_division_of brazil adm_div_brazil_states "Ceara" );; line 15603 (wfb::administrative_division_of brazil adm_div_brazil_federal_district "Distrito Federal" );; line 15603 (wfb::administrative_division_of brazil adm_div_brazil_states "Espirito Santo" );; line 15603 (wfb::administrative_division_of brazil adm_div_brazil_states "Goias" );; line 15603 (wfb::administrative_division_of brazil adm_div_brazil_states "Maranhao" );; line 15603 (wfb::administrative_division_of brazil adm_div_brazil_states "Mato Grosso" );; line 15603 (wfb::administrative_division_of brazil adm_div_brazil_states "Mato Grosso do Sul" );; line 15603 (wfb::administrative_division_of brazil adm_div_brazil_states "Minas Gerais" );; line 15603 (wfb::administrative_division_of brazil adm_div_brazil_states "Para" );; line 15603 (wfb::administrative_division_of brazil adm_div_brazil_states "Paraiba" );; line 15603 (wfb::administrative_division_of brazil adm_div_brazil_states "Parana" );; line 15603 (wfb::administrative_division_of brazil adm_div_brazil_states "Pernambuco" );; line 15603 (wfb::administrative_division_of brazil adm_div_brazil_states "Piaui" );; line 15603 (wfb::administrative_division_of brazil adm_div_brazil_states "Rio de Janeiro" );; line 15603 (wfb::administrative_division_of brazil adm_div_brazil_states "Rio Grande do Norte" );; line 15603 (wfb::administrative_division_of brazil adm_div_brazil_states "Rio Grande do Sul" );; line 15603 (wfb::administrative_division_of brazil adm_div_brazil_states "Rondonia" );; line 15603 (wfb::administrative_division_of brazil adm_div_brazil_states "Roraima" );; line 15603 (wfb::administrative_division_of brazil adm_div_brazil_states "Santa Catarina" );; line 15603 (wfb::administrative_division_of brazil adm_div_brazil_states "Sao Paulo" );; line 15603 (wfb::administrative_division_of brazil adm_div_brazil_states "Sergipe" );; line 15603 (wfb::administrative_division_of brazil adm_div_brazil_states "Tocantins" );; line 15603 (wfb::independence brazil date_7_sep_1822 "Portugal" );; line 15612 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1822 );; line 15616 (wfb::comment national_holiday brazil "1822" );; line 15616 (wfb::national_holiday brazil "Independence Day" date_7_sep );; line 15616 (wfb::constitution brazil "5 October 1988" );; line 15620 (wfb::legal_system brazil "based on Roman codes; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 15624 (wfb::comment suffrage brazil " compulsory over 18 and under 70 years of age" );; line 15629 (wfb::comment executive_branch brazil chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "next to be held October 1998); results - Fernando Henrique CARDOSO 53%, Luis Inacio LULA da Silva 26%, Eneas CARNEIRO 7%, Orestes QUERCIA 4%, Leonel BRIZOLA 3%, Espiridiao AMIN 3%; note - second free, direct presidential election since 1960" );; line 15635 (wfb::comment executive_branch brazil chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "election last held 3 October 1994" );; line 15635 (wfb::executive_branch brazil chief_of_state "President Fernando Henrique CARDOSO " date_1_jan_1995 );; line 15635 (wfb::executive_branch brazil head_of_government "President Fernando Henrique CARDOSO " date_1_jan_1995 );; line 15635 (wfb::comment executive_branch brazil cabinet "appointed by the president" );; line 15641 (wfb::executive_branch brazil cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 15641 (wfb::legislative_structure brazil bicameral "National Congress (Congresso Nacional)" );; line 15645 (wfb::legislative_branch brazil "Federal Senate (Senado Federal)" "election last held 3 October 1994 for two-thirds of Senate (next to be held October 1996 for one-third of the Senate); results - PMBD 28%, PFL 22%, PSDB 12%, PPR 7%, PDT 7%, PT 6%, PTB 6%, other 12%" );; line 15647 (wfb::legislative_branch brazil "Chamber of Deputies (Camara dos Deputados)" "election last held 3 October 1994 (next to be held October 1998); results - PMDB 21%, PFL 18%, PDT 7%, PSDB 12%, PPR 10%, PTB 6%, PT 10%, other 16%" );; line 15651 (wfb::judicial_branch brazil "Supreme Federal Tribunal" );; line 15657 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders brazil "National Reconstruction Party (PRN), Daniel TOURINHO, president; Brazilian Democratic Movement Party (PMDB), Luiz HENRIQUE da Silveira, president; Liberal Front Party (PFL), Jorge BORNHAUSEN, president; Workers' Party (PT), Rui Goethe da Costa FALCAO, president; Brazilian Workers' Party (PTB), Jose Eduardo ANDRADE VIEIRA, president; Democratic Workers' Party (PDT), Anthony GAROTINHO, president; Progressive Renewal Party (PPR), Espiridiao AMIN, president; Brazilian Social Democracy Party (PSDB), Artur DA TAVOLA, president; Popular Socialist Party (PPS), Roberto FREIRE, president; Communist Party of Brazil (PCdoB), Joao AMAZONAS, secretary general; Liberal Party (PL), Alvero VALLE, president" );; line 15661 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups brazil "left wing of the Catholic Church and labor unions allied to leftist Workers' Party are critical of government's social and economic policies" );; line 15674 (wfb::member_of brazil afdb );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil ag );; line 15680 (wfb::comment member_of brazil ag "observer" );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil ccc );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil eclac );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil fao );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil g-11 );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil g-15 );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil g-19 );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil g-24 );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil g-77 );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil gatt );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil iadb );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil iaea );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil ibrd );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil icao );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil icc );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil icftu );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil icrm );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil ida );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil ifad );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil ifc );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil ifrcs );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil ilo );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil imf );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil imo );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil inmarsat );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil intelsat );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil interpol );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil ioc );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil iom );; line 15680 (wfb::comment member_of brazil iom "observer" );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil iso );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil itu );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil laes );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil laia );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil mercosur );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil nam );; line 15680 (wfb::comment member_of brazil nam "observer" );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil oas );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil onusal );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil opanal );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil pca );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil rg );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil un );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil unavem_ii );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil unctad );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil unesco );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil unhcr );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil unido );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil unomoz );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil unomur );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil unprofor );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil unu );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil upu );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil wcl );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil wftu );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil who );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil wipo );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil wmo );; line 15680 (wfb::member_of brazil wto );; line 15680 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us brazil chief_of_mission "Ambassador Paulo Tarso FLECHA de LIMA" );; line 15690 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us brazil chancery "3006 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 15692 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us brazil telephone "[1] (202) 745-2700" );; line 15694 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us brazil fax "[1] (202) 745-2827" );; line 15696 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us brazil |consulate(s) general| "Boston, Chicago, Los Angeles, Miami, New York, San Juan (Puerto Rico), and San Francisco" );; line 15698 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us brazil |consulate(s)| "Houston" );; line 15701 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation brazil chief_of_mission "Ambassador Melvyn LEVITSKY" );; line 15706 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation brazil embassy "Avenida das Nacoes, Lote 3, Brasilia, Distrito Federal" );; line 15708 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation brazil mailing_address "Unit 3500; APO AA 34030" );; line 15710 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation brazil telephone "[55] (61) 321-7272" );; line 15712 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation brazil fax "[55] (61) 225-9136" );; line 15714 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation brazil |consulate(s) general| "Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo" );; line 15716 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation brazil |consulate(s)| "Porto Alegre, Recife" );; line 15718 (wfb::flag brazil "green with a large yellow diamond in the center bearing a blue celestial globe with 27 white five-pointed stars (one for each state and the Federal District) arranged in the same pattern as the night sky over Brazil; the globe has a white equatorial band with the motto ORDEM E PROGRESSO (Order and Progress)" );; line 15722 (wfb::overview brazil "The economy, with large agrarian, mining, and manufacturing sectors, entered the 1990s with declining real growth, runaway inflation, an unserviceable foreign debt of $122 billion, and a lack of policy direction. In addition, the economy remained highly regulated, inward-looking, and protected by substantial trade and investment barriers. Ownership of major industrial and mining facilities is divided among private interests - including several multinationals - and the government. Most large agricultural holdings are private, with the government channeling financing to this sector. Conflicts between large landholders and landless peasants have produced intermittent violence. The COLLOR government, which assumed office in March 1990, launched an ambitious reform program that sought to modernize and reinvigorate the economy by stabilizing prices, deregulating the economy, and opening it to increased foreign competition. Itamar FRANCO, who assumed the presidency following President COLLOR's resignation in December 1992, was out of step with COLLOR's reform agenda; initiatives to redress fiscal problems, privatize state enterprises, and liberalize trade and investment policies lost momentum. Galloping inflation - by June 1994 the monthly rate had risen to nearly 50% - had undermined economic stability. In response, the then finance minister, Fernando Henrique CARDOSO, launched the third phase of his stabilization plan, known as Plano Real, that called for a new currency, the real, which was introduced on 1 July 1994. Inflation subsequently dropped to under 3% per month through the end of 1994. The newly elected President CARDOSO has called for the implementation of sweeping market-oriented reform, including public sector and fiscal reform, privatization, deregulation, and elimination of barriers to increased foreign investment. Brazil's natural resources remain a major, long-term economic strength." );; line 15731 (wfb::estimation-date national_product brazil date_1994 );; line 15760 (wfb::national_product brazil (* 886.3e9 $) );; line 15760 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate brazil date_1994 );; line 15764 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate brazil (* 5.3 %) );; line 15764 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita brazil date_1994 );; line 15768 (wfb::national_product_per_capita brazil (* 5580 $) );; line 15768 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| brazil "1,094% (1994 est.)" );; line 15772 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate brazil date_1993 );; line 15776 (wfb::unemployment_rate brazil (* 4.9 %) );; line 15776 (wfb::budget brazil revenues (* 113e9 $) );; line 15781 (wfb::measurement-date budget brazil date_1992 );; line 15783 (wfb::budget brazil expenditures (* 109e9 $) );; line 15783 (wfb::budget brazil capital_expenditures (* 23e9 $) );; line 15783 (wfb::exports brazil (* 43.6e9 $) );; line 15788 (wfb::exports brazil commodities iron_ore-commodity n/a );; line 15790 (wfb::exports brazil commodities soybean_bran n/a );; line 15790 (wfb::exports brazil commodities orange_juice n/a );; line 15790 (wfb::exports brazil commodities footwear n/a );; line 15790 (wfb::exports brazil commodities coffee n/a );; line 15790 (wfb::exports brazil commodities motor_vehicle_parts n/a );; line 15790 (wfb::measurement-date exports brazil date_1993 );; line 15793 (wfb::exports brazil partners ec (* 27.6 %) );; line 15793 (wfb::exports brazil partners latin_america (* 21.8 %) );; line 15793 (wfb::exports brazil partners us (* 17.4 %) );; line 15793 (wfb::exports brazil partners japan (* 6.3 %) );; line 15793 (wfb::imports brazil (* 33.2e9 $) );; line 15797 (wfb::imports brazil commodities crude_oil n/a );; line 15799 (wfb::imports brazil commodities capital_goods n/a );; line 15799 (wfb::imports brazil commodities chemical_products n/a );; line 15799 (wfb::imports brazil commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 15799 (wfb::imports brazil commodities coal-commodity n/a );; line 15799 (wfb::measurement-date imports brazil date_1993 );; line 15801 (wfb::imports brazil partners us (* 23.3 %) );; line 15801 (wfb::imports brazil partners ec (* 22.5 %) );; line 15801 (wfb::imports brazil partners middle_east (* 13.0 %) );; line 15801 (wfb::imports brazil partners latin_america (* 11.8 %) );; line 15801 (wfb::imports brazil partners japan (* 6.5 %) );; line 15801 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt brazil date_1994 );; line 15806 (wfb::external_debt brazil (* 134e9 $) );; line 15806 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 15810 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production brazil date_1993 );; line 15810 (wfb::industrial_production brazil growth_rate (* 9.5 %) );; line 15810 (wfb::industrial_production brazil accounts_for (* 39 %_of_gdp) );; line 15810 (wfb::electricity brazil capacity (* 55130000 kw) );; line 15815 (wfb::electricity brazil production (* 241.4e9 kwh) );; line 15817 (wfb::measurement-date electricity brazil consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 15819 (wfb::electricity brazil consumption_per_capita (* 1589 kwh) );; line 15819 (wfb::industry brazil textiles );; line 15823 (wfb::industry brazil shoes );; line 15823 (wfb::industry brazil chemicals );; line 15823 (wfb::industry brazil cement );; line 15823 (wfb::industry brazil lumber );; line 15823 (wfb::industry brazil |mining (iron ore, tin)| );; line 15823 (wfb::industry brazil steel_making );; line 15823 (wfb::industry brazil machine_building_-_including_aircraft );; line 15823 (wfb::industry brazil motor_vehicles );; line 15823 (wfb::industry brazil motor_vehicle_parts_and_assemblies );; line 15823 (wfb::agriculture brazil "accounts for 11% of GDP; world's largest producer and exporter of coffee and orange juice concentrate and second-largest exporter of soybeans; other products - rice, corn, sugarcane, cocoa, beef; self-sufficient in food, except for wheat" );; line 15829 (wfb::illicit_drugs brazil "illicit producer of cannabis and coca, mostly for domestic consumption; government has a small-scale eradication program to control cannabis and coca cultivation; important transshipment country for Bolivian and Colombian cocaine headed for the US and Europe" );; line 15836 (wfb::economic_aid brazil recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $2.5 billion; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $10.2 million; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $284 million; former Communist countries (1970-89), $1.3 billion" );; line 15844 (wfb::abbreviation real "R$" );; line 15851 (wfb::currency brazil real 100 centavos );; line 15851 (wfb::exchange_rates brazil "R$ per US$1 - 0.85 (January 1995); CR$ per US$1 - 390.845 (January 1994), 88.449 (1993), 4.513 (1992), 0.407 (1991), 0.068 (1990)" );; line 15855 (wfb::comment exchange_rates brazil "on 1 August 1993 the cruzeiro real (CR$), equal to 1,000 cruzeiros, was introduced; another new currency, the real, was introduced on 1 July 1994, equal to 2,750 cruzeiro reals" );; line 15858 (wfb::fiscal_year brazil date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 15864 (wfb::railroads brazil total "30,612 km (1992)" );; line 15870 (wfb::railroads brazil broad_gauge "5,369 km 1.600-m gauge (1,108 km electrified)" );; line 15872 (wfb::railroads brazil standard_gauge "194 km 1.440-m gauge" );; line 15874 (wfb::railroads brazil narrow_gauge "24,739 km 1.000-m gauge (112 km electrified); 13 km 0.760-m gauge" );; line 15876 (wfb::railroads brazil dual_gauge "310 km 1.600-m/1.000-m gauge (78 km electrified)" );; line 15878 (wfb::highways brazil total (* 1670148 km) );; line 15883 (wfb::highways brazil paved (* 161503 km) );; line 15885 (wfb::measurement-date highways brazil date_1990 );; line 15887 (wfb::comment highways brazil unpaved "1990" );; line 15887 (wfb::measurement-date highways brazil unpaved gravel/earth date_1990 );; line 15887 (wfb::highways brazil gravel/earth (* 1508645 km) );; line 15887 (wfb::inland_waterways brazil "50,000 km navigable" );; line 15891 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 2000 km) );; line 15895 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 3804 km) );; line 15895 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 1095 km) );; line 15895 (wfb::port brazil belem-brazil );; line 15900 (wfb::port brazil fortaleza-brazil );; line 15900 (wfb::port brazil ilheus-brazil );; line 15900 (wfb::port brazil imbituba-brazil );; line 15900 (wfb::port brazil manaus-brazil );; line 15900 (wfb::port brazil paranagua-brazil );; line 15900 (wfb::port brazil porto_alegre-brazil );; line 15900 (wfb::port brazil recife-brazil );; line 15900 (wfb::port brazil rio_de_janeiro-brazil );; line 15900 (wfb::port brazil rio_grande-brazil );; line 15900 (wfb::port brazil salvador-brazil );; line 15900 (wfb::port brazil santos-brazil );; line 15900 (wfb::port brazil vitoria-brazil );; line 15900 (wfb::merchant_marine brazil total "215 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 5,128,654 GRT/8,664,776 DWT" );; line 15906 (wfb::merchant_marine brazil ships_by_type "bulk 52, cargo 34, chemical tanker 13, combination ore/oil 12, container 12, liquefied gas tanker 11, oil tanker 64, passenger-cargo 5, refrigerated cargo 1, roll-on/roll-off cargo 11" );; line 15909 (wfb::airports brazil total 3467 );; line 15916 (wfb::airports brazil |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 5 );; line 15918 (wfb::airports brazil |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 19 );; line 15920 (wfb::airports brazil |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 126 );; line 15922 (wfb::airports brazil |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 286 );; line 15924 (wfb::airports brazil with_paved_runways_under_914_m 1652 );; line 15926 (wfb::airports brazil |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 76 );; line 15928 (wfb::airports brazil |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1303 );; line 15930 (wfb::telephone_system brazil "9.86 million telephones; telephone density - 61/1,000 persons; good working system" );; line 15935 (wfb::telephone_system brazil local "NA" );; line 15938 (wfb::telephone_system brazil intercity "extensive microwave radio relay systems and 64 domestic satellite earth stations" );; line 15940 (wfb::telephone_system brazil international "3 coaxial submarine cables; 3 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth stations" );; line 15943 (wfb::radio brazil broadcast_stations am 1223 );; line 15949 (wfb::radio brazil broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 15949 (wfb::radio brazil broadcast_stations shortwave 151 );; line 15949 (wfb::radio brazil radios n/a );; line 15951 (wfb::comment television brazil broadcast_stations "Brazil has the world's fourth largest television broadcasting system" );; line 15956 (wfb::television brazil broadcast_stations 112 );; line 15956 (wfb::television brazil televisions n/a );; line 15959 (wfb::defense_branch brazil brazilian_army_brazil );; line 15965 (wfb::comment defense_branch brazil brazilian_navy_brazil "includes Marines" );; line 15965 (wfb::defense_branch brazil brazilian_navy_brazil );; line 15965 (wfb::defense_branch brazil brazilian_air_force_brazil );; line 15965 (wfb::comment defense_branch brazil federal_police_brazil "paramilitary" );; line 15965 (wfb::defense_branch brazil federal_police_brazil );; line 15965 (wfb::manpower_availability brazil "males age 15-49 44,301,765; males fit for military service 29,815,576; males reach military age (18) annually 1,703,438 (1995 est.)" );; line 15970 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures brazil date_1994 );; line 15975 (wfb::defense_expenditures brazil (* 5.0e9 $) );; line 15975 (wfb::defense_expenditures brazil (* 0.9 %_of_gdp) );; line 15975 (wfb::markup-parameter figure british_indian_ocean_territory "graphno=\"io.tif\"" );; line 15981 (wfb::header british_indian_ocean_territory "(dependent territory of the UK)" );; line 15981 (wfb::location british_indian_ocean_territory "Southern Asia, archipelago in the Indian Ocean, about one-half the way from Africa to Indonesia" );; line 15986 (wfb::map_references british_indian_ocean_territory "World" );; line 15991 (wfb::area british_indian_ocean_territory total_area (* 60 sq_km) );; line 15996 (wfb::area british_indian_ocean_territory land_area (* 60 sq_km) );; line 15998 (wfb::area british_indian_ocean_territory comparative_area "about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 16000 (wfb::comment area british_indian_ocean_territory "includes the island of Diego Garcia" );; line 16002 (wfb::coastline british_indian_ocean_territory (* 698 km) );; line 16010 (wfb::maritime_claims british_indian_ocean_territory exclusive_fishing_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 16015 (wfb::maritime_claims british_indian_ocean_territory territorial_sea (* 3 nm) );; line 16017 (wfb::international_disputes british_indian_ocean_territory "the entire Chagos Archipelago is claimed by Mauritius" );; line 16021 (wfb::climate british_indian_ocean_territory "tropical marine" );; line 16025 (wfb::climate british_indian_ocean_territory "hot, humid, moderated by trade winds" );; line 16025 (wfb::terrain british_indian_ocean_territory "flat and low (up to 4 meters in elevation)" );; line 16029 (wfb::natural-resource british_indian_ocean_territory coconuts );; line 16033 (wfb::natural-resource british_indian_ocean_territory fish );; line 16033 (wfb::land_use british_indian_ocean_territory arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 16038 (wfb::land_use british_indian_ocean_territory permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 16040 (wfb::land_use british_indian_ocean_territory meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 16042 (wfb::land_use british_indian_ocean_territory forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 16044 (wfb::land_use british_indian_ocean_territory other (* 100 %) );; line 16046 (wfb::irrigated_land british_indian_ocean_territory (* 0 sq_km) );; line 16050 (wfb::environment british_indian_ocean_territory current_issues "NA" );; line 16055 (wfb::environment british_indian_ocean_territory natural_hazards "NA" );; line 16057 (wfb::environment british_indian_ocean_territory international_agreements "NA" );; line 16059 (wfb::note british_indian_ocean_territory "archipelago of 2,300 islands; Diego Garcia, largest and southernmost island, occupies strategic location in central Indian Ocean; island is site of joint US-UK military facility" );; line 16063 (wfb::comment population british_indian_ocean_territory "there are UK-US military personnel; civilian inhabitants, known as the Ilois, evacuated to Mauritius before construction of UK-US military facilities" );; line 16073 (wfb::names british_indian_ocean_territory conventional_long_form "British Indian Ocean Territory" );; line 16081 (wfb::abbreviation british_indian_ocean_territory "BIOT" );; line 16087 (wfb::digraph british_indian_ocean_territory "IO" );; line 16091 (wfb::type british_indian_ocean_territory "dependent territory of the UK" );; line 16095 (wfb::comment independence british_indian_ocean_territory "dependent territory of the UK" );; line 16103 (wfb::executive_branch british_indian_ocean_territory chief_of_state "Queen ELIZABETH II " date_6_feb_1952 );; line 16108 (wfb::executive_branch british_indian_ocean_territory head_of_government "Commissioner Mr. D. R. MACLENNAN); Administrator Mr. David Smith; note - both reside in the UK" n/a );; line 16110 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us british_indian_ocean_territory "none (dependent territory of the UK)" );; line 16115 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation british_indian_ocean_territory "none (dependent territory of the UK)" );; line 16119 (wfb::flag british_indian_ocean_territory "white with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and six blue wavy horizontal stripes bearing a palm tree and yellow crown centered on the outer half of the flag" );; line 16123 (wfb::overview british_indian_ocean_territory "All economic activity is concentrated on the largest island of Diego Garcia, where joint UK-US defense facilities are located. Construction projects and various services needed to support the military installations are done by military and contract employees from the UK, Mauritius, the Philippines, and the US. There are no industrial or agricultural activities on the islands." );; line 16130 (wfb::railroads british_indian_ocean_territory "0 km" );; line 16144 (wfb::port british_indian_ocean_territory diego_garcia-british_indian_ocean_territory );; line 16158 (wfb::airports british_indian_ocean_territory total 1 );; line 16163 (wfb::airports british_indian_ocean_territory |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 16165 (wfb::telephone_system british_indian_ocean_territory "NA telephones; minimal facilities" );; line 16170 (wfb::telephone_system british_indian_ocean_territory local "NA" );; line 16172 (wfb::telephone_system british_indian_ocean_territory intercity "NA" );; line 16174 (wfb::telephone_system british_indian_ocean_territory international "1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station" );; line 16176 (wfb::radio british_indian_ocean_territory broadcast_stations am 1 );; line 16181 (wfb::radio british_indian_ocean_territory broadcast_stations fm 1 );; line 16181 (wfb::radio british_indian_ocean_territory broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 16181 (wfb::radio british_indian_ocean_territory radios n/a );; line 16183 (wfb::television british_indian_ocean_territory broadcast_stations 1 );; line 16188 (wfb::television british_indian_ocean_territory televisions n/a );; line 16190 (wfb::note british_indian_ocean_territory "defense is the responsibility of the UK" );; line 16196 (wfb::markup-parameter figure british_virgin_islands "graphno=\"vi.tif\"" );; line 16202 (wfb::header british_virgin_islands "(dependent territory of the UK)" );; line 16202 (wfb::location british_virgin_islands "Caribbean, between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, east of Puerto Rico" );; line 16207 (wfb::map_references british_virgin_islands "Central America and the Caribbean" );; line 16212 (wfb::area british_virgin_islands total_area (* 150 sq_km) );; line 16217 (wfb::area british_virgin_islands land_area (* 150 sq_km) );; line 16219 (wfb::area british_virgin_islands comparative_area "about 0.8 times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 16221 (wfb::comment area british_virgin_islands "includes the island of Anegada" );; line 16223 (wfb::coastline british_virgin_islands (* 80 km) );; line 16231 (wfb::maritime_claims british_virgin_islands exclusive_fishing_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 16236 (wfb::maritime_claims british_virgin_islands territorial_sea (* 3 nm) );; line 16238 (wfb::international_disputes british_virgin_islands "none" );; line 16242 (wfb::climate british_virgin_islands "subtropical" );; line 16246 (wfb::climate british_virgin_islands "humid" );; line 16246 (wfb::climate british_virgin_islands "temperatures moderated by trade winds" );; line 16246 (wfb::terrain british_virgin_islands "coral islands relatively flat" );; line 16250 (wfb::terrain british_virgin_islands "volcanic islands steep, hilly" );; line 16250 (wfb::natural-resource british_virgin_islands negligible );; line 16254 (wfb::land_use british_virgin_islands arable_land (* 20 %) );; line 16259 (wfb::land_use british_virgin_islands permanent_crops (* 7 %) );; line 16261 (wfb::land_use british_virgin_islands meadows_and_pastures (* 33 %) );; line 16263 (wfb::land_use british_virgin_islands forest_and_woodland (* 7 %) );; line 16265 (wfb::land_use british_virgin_islands other (* 33 %) );; line 16267 (wfb::irrigated_land british_virgin_islands (* n/a sq_km) );; line 16271 (wfb::environment british_virgin_islands current_issues "limited natural fresh water resources (except for a few seasonal streams and springs on Tortola, most of the island's water supply comes from wells and rainwater catchment)" );; line 16276 (wfb::environment british_virgin_islands natural_hazards "hurricanes and tropical storms (July to October)" );; line 16280 (wfb::environment british_virgin_islands international_agreements "NA" );; line 16282 (wfb::note british_virgin_islands "strong ties to nearby US Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico" );; line 16286 (wfb::estimation-date population british_virgin_islands date_jul_1995 );; line 16292 (wfb::population british_virgin_islands 13027 );; line 16292 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate british_virgin_islands date_1995 );; line 16305 (wfb::population_growth_rate british_virgin_islands (* 1.27 %) );; line 16305 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate british_virgin_islands date_1995 );; line 16309 (wfb::birth_rate british_virgin_islands (* 20.25 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 16309 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate british_virgin_islands date_1995 );; line 16313 (wfb::death_rate british_virgin_islands (* 6.07 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 16313 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate british_virgin_islands date_1995 );; line 16317 (wfb::net_migration_rate british_virgin_islands (* -1.5 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 16317 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate british_virgin_islands date_1995 );; line 16321 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate british_virgin_islands (* 19.33 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 16321 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth british_virgin_islands total_population (* 72.73 years) );; line 16326 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth british_virgin_islands male (* 70.88 years) );; line 16328 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth british_virgin_islands female date_1995 );; line 16330 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth british_virgin_islands female (* 74.7 years) );; line 16330 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate british_virgin_islands date_1995 );; line 16334 (wfb::total_fertility_rate british_virgin_islands (* 2.27 children_born/woman) );; line 16334 (wfb::nationality british_virgin_islands noun "British Virgin Islander(s)" );; line 16339 (wfb::nationality british_virgin_islands adjective "British Virgin Islander" );; line 16341 (wfb::ethnic-entity british_virgin_islands black (* 90 %) );; line 16345 (wfb::ethnic-entity british_virgin_islands white n/a );; line 16345 (wfb::ethnic-entity british_virgin_islands asian n/a );; line 16345 (wfb::measurement-date religion date_1981 );; line 16349 (wfb::comment religion "Methodist 45%, Anglican 21%, Church of God 7%, Seventh-Day Adventist 5%, Baptist 4%, Jehovah's Witnesses 2%, other 2%" );; line 16349 (wfb::religion british_virgin_islands protestant (* 86 %) );; line 16349 (wfb::religion british_virgin_islands roman_catholic (* 6 %) );; line 16349 (wfb::language british_virgin_islands english n/a );; line 16355 (wfb::comment language british_virgin_islands english "official" );; line 16355 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition british_virgin_islands date_1970 );; line 16359 (wfb::literacy-condition british_virgin_islands "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 16359 (wfb::literacy british_virgin_islands total_population (* 98 %) );; line 16361 (wfb::literacy british_virgin_islands male (* 98 %) );; line 16363 (wfb::literacy british_virgin_islands female (* 98 %) );; line 16365 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force british_virgin_islands date_1980 );; line 16369 (wfb::total_labor_force british_virgin_islands 4911 );; line 16369 (wfb::names british_virgin_islands conventional_short_form "British Virgin Islands" );; line 16379 (wfb::abbreviation british_virgin_islands "BVI" );; line 16383 (wfb::digraph british_virgin_islands "VI" );; line 16387 (wfb::type british_virgin_islands "dependent territory of the UK" );; line 16391 (wfb::capital british_virgin_islands road_town-british_virgin_islands );; line 16395 (wfb::comment independence british_virgin_islands "dependent territory of the UK" );; line 16403 (wfb::national_holiday british_virgin_islands "Territory Day" date_1_jul );; line 16407 (wfb::constitution british_virgin_islands "1 June 1977" );; line 16411 (wfb::legal_system british_virgin_islands "English law" );; line 16415 (wfb::comment suffrage british_virgin_islands " universal" );; line 16419 (wfb::suffrage british_virgin_islands (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 16419 (wfb::executive_branch british_virgin_islands head_of_government "Chief Minister H. Lavity STOUTT " date_sep_1986 );; line 16427 (wfb::comment executive_branch british_virgin_islands cabinet "appointed by the governor" );; line 16429 (wfb::executive_branch british_virgin_islands cabinet "Executive Council" );; line 16429 (wfb::legislative_structure british_virgin_islands unicameral n/a );; line 16433 (wfb::legislative_branch british_virgin_islands "Legislative Council" "election last held 20 February 1995 (next to be held on NA February 2000); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (13 total) VIP 6, CCM 2, UP 2, independents 3" );; line 16435 (wfb::comment legislative_branch british_virgin_islands "legislature was expanded to 13 seats as of election on 20 February 1995" );; line 16439 (wfb::judicial_branch british_virgin_islands "Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court" );; line 16444 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders british_virgin_islands "United Party (UP), Conrad MADURO; Virgin Islands Party (VIP), H. Lavity STOUTT; Concerned Citizens Movement (CCM), E. Walwyln BREWLEY" );; line 16448 (wfb::member_of british_virgin_islands caricom );; line 16453 (wfb::comment member_of british_virgin_islands caricom "associate" );; line 16453 (wfb::member_of british_virgin_islands cdb );; line 16453 (wfb::member_of british_virgin_islands eclac );; line 16453 (wfb::comment member_of british_virgin_islands eclac "associate" );; line 16453 (wfb::member_of british_virgin_islands interpol );; line 16453 (wfb::comment member_of british_virgin_islands interpol "subbureau" );; line 16453 (wfb::member_of british_virgin_islands ioc );; line 16453 (wfb::member_of british_virgin_islands oecs );; line 16453 (wfb::comment member_of british_virgin_islands oecs "associate" );; line 16453 (wfb::member_of british_virgin_islands unesco );; line 16453 (wfb::comment member_of british_virgin_islands unesco "associate" );; line 16453 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us british_virgin_islands "none (dependent territory of the UK)" );; line 16458 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation british_virgin_islands "none (dependent territory of the UK)" );; line 16462 (wfb::flag british_virgin_islands "blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Virgin Islander coat of arms centered in the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms depicts a woman flanked on either side by a vertical column of six oil lamps above a scroll bearing the Latin word VIGILATE (Be Watchful)" );; line 16466 (wfb::overview british_virgin_islands "The economy, one of the most prosperous in the Caribbean area, is highly dependent on the tourist industry, which generates about 21% of the national income. In 1985 the government offered offshore registration to companies wishing to incorporate in the islands, and, in consequence, incorporation fees generated about $2 million in 1987. The economy slowed in 1991 because of the poor performances of the tourist sector and tight commercial bank credit. Livestock raising is the most significant agricultural activity. The islands' crops, limited by poor soils, are unable to meet food requirements." );; line 16475 (wfb::measurement-date national_product british_virgin_islands date_1991 );; line 16487 (wfb::national_product british_virgin_islands (* 133e6 $) );; line 16487 (wfb::measurement-date national_product_real_growth_rate british_virgin_islands date_1991 );; line 16491 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate british_virgin_islands (* 2 %) );; line 16491 (wfb::measurement-date national_product_per_capita british_virgin_islands date_1991 );; line 16495 (wfb::national_product_per_capita british_virgin_islands (* 10600 $) );; line 16495 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| british_virgin_islands "2.5% (1990 est.)" );; line 16499 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate british_virgin_islands date_1992 );; line 16503 (wfb::budget british_virgin_islands revenues (* 51e6 $) );; line 16508 (wfb::measurement-date budget british_virgin_islands date_1991 );; line 16510 (wfb::budget british_virgin_islands expenditures (* 88e6 $) );; line 16510 (wfb::budget british_virgin_islands capital_expenditures (* 38e6 $) );; line 16510 (wfb::exports british_virgin_islands (* 2.7e6 $) );; line 16514 (wfb::exports british_virgin_islands commodities rum n/a );; line 16516 (wfb::exports british_virgin_islands commodities fresh_fish n/a );; line 16516 (wfb::exports british_virgin_islands commodities gravel-commodity n/a );; line 16516 (wfb::exports british_virgin_islands commodities sand n/a );; line 16516 (wfb::exports british_virgin_islands commodities fruits n/a );; line 16516 (wfb::exports british_virgin_islands commodities animals n/a );; line 16516 (wfb::exports british_virgin_islands partners virgin_islands n/a );; line 16518 (wfb::exports british_virgin_islands partners puerto_rico n/a );; line 16518 (wfb::exports british_virgin_islands partners us n/a );; line 16518 (wfb::imports british_virgin_islands (* 11.5e6 $) );; line 16522 (wfb::imports british_virgin_islands commodities building_materials n/a );; line 16524 (wfb::imports british_virgin_islands commodities automobiles n/a );; line 16524 (wfb::imports british_virgin_islands commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 16524 (wfb::imports british_virgin_islands commodities machinery n/a );; line 16524 (wfb::imports british_virgin_islands partners virgin_islands n/a );; line 16526 (wfb::imports british_virgin_islands partners puerto_rico n/a );; line 16526 (wfb::imports british_virgin_islands partners us n/a );; line 16526 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt british_virgin_islands date_1985 );; line 16530 (wfb::external_debt british_virgin_islands (* 4.5e6 $) );; line 16530 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1985 );; line 16534 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production british_virgin_islands date_1985 );; line 16534 (wfb::industrial_production british_virgin_islands growth_rate (* 4 %) );; line 16534 (wfb::electricity british_virgin_islands capacity (* 10500 kw) );; line 16539 (wfb::electricity british_virgin_islands production (* 50e6 kwh) );; line 16541 (wfb::measurement-date electricity british_virgin_islands consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 16543 (wfb::electricity british_virgin_islands consumption_per_capita (* 3148 kwh) );; line 16543 (wfb::industry british_virgin_islands tourism );; line 16547 (wfb::industry british_virgin_islands light_industry );; line 16547 (wfb::industry british_virgin_islands construction-industry );; line 16547 (wfb::industry british_virgin_islands rum-industry );; line 16547 (wfb::industry british_virgin_islands concrete_block );; line 16547 (wfb::industry british_virgin_islands offshore_financial_center );; line 16547 (wfb::agriculture british_virgin_islands "livestock (including poultry), fish, fruit, vegetables" );; line 16552 (wfb::economic_aid british_virgin_islands "$NA" );; line 16556 (wfb::abbreviation united_states_dollar "US$" );; line 16560 (wfb::currency british_virgin_islands united_states_dollar 100 cents );; line 16560 (wfb::exchange_rates british_virgin_islands "US currency is used" );; line 16564 (wfb::fiscal_year british_virgin_islands date_1_apr date_31_mar );; line 16568 (wfb::railroads british_virgin_islands "0 km" );; line 16573 (wfb::measurement-date highways british_virgin_islands date_1983 );; line 16578 (wfb::port british_virgin_islands road_town-british_virgin_islands );; line 16586 (wfb::merchant_marine british_virgin_islands "none" );; line 16590 (wfb::airports british_virgin_islands total 3 );; line 16595 (wfb::airports british_virgin_islands |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 16597 (wfb::airports british_virgin_islands with_paved_runways_under_914_m 1 );; line 16599 (wfb::airports british_virgin_islands |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 16601 (wfb::telephone_system british_virgin_islands "3,000 telephones; worldwide external telephone service" );; line 16606 (wfb::telephone_system british_virgin_islands local "NA" );; line 16608 (wfb::telephone_system british_virgin_islands intercity "NA" );; line 16610 (wfb::telephone_system british_virgin_islands international "submarine cable communication links to Bermuda" );; line 16612 (wfb::radio british_virgin_islands broadcast_stations am 1 );; line 16617 (wfb::radio british_virgin_islands broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 16617 (wfb::radio british_virgin_islands broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 16617 (wfb::radio british_virgin_islands radios n/a );; line 16619 (wfb::television british_virgin_islands broadcast_stations 1 );; line 16624 (wfb::television british_virgin_islands televisions n/a );; line 16626 (wfb::note british_virgin_islands "defense is the responsibility of the UK" );; line 16632 (wfb::markup-parameter figure brunei "graphno=\"bx.tif\"" );; line 16638 (wfb::location brunei "Southeastern Asia, bordering the South China Sea and Malaysia" );; line 16642 (wfb::map_references brunei "Southeast Asia" );; line 16646 (wfb::area brunei total_area (* 5770 sq_km) );; line 16651 (wfb::area brunei land_area (* 5270 sq_km) );; line 16653 (wfb::area brunei comparative_area "slightly larger than Delaware" );; line 16655 (wfb::borders brunei total (* 381 km) );; line 16659 (wfb::borders brunei malysia (* 381 km) );; line 16659 (wfb::coastline brunei (* 161 km) );; line 16663 (wfb::maritime_claims brunei territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 16670 (wfb::international_disputes brunei "may wish to purchase the Malaysian salient that divides the country" );; line 16674 (wfb::international_disputes brunei "all of the Spratly Islands are claimed by China, Taiwan, and Vietnam" );; line 16674 (wfb::international_disputes brunei "parts of them are claimed by Malaysia and the Philippines" );; line 16674 (wfb::international_disputes brunei "in 1984, Brunei established an exclusive fishing zone that encompasses Louisa Reef, but has not publicly claimed the island" );; line 16674 (wfb::climate brunei "tropical" );; line 16682 (wfb::climate brunei "hot, humid, rainy" );; line 16682 (wfb::terrain brunei "flat coastal plain rises to mountains in east" );; line 16686 (wfb::terrain brunei "hilly lowland in west" );; line 16686 (wfb::natural-resource brunei petroleum );; line 16691 (wfb::natural-resource brunei natural_gas );; line 16691 (wfb::natural-resource brunei timber );; line 16691 (wfb::land_use brunei arable_land (* 1 %) );; line 16696 (wfb::land_use brunei permanent_crops (* 1 %) );; line 16698 (wfb::land_use brunei meadows_and_pastures (* 1 %) );; line 16700 (wfb::land_use brunei forest_and_woodland (* 79 %) );; line 16702 (wfb::land_use brunei other (* 18 %) );; line 16704 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land brunei date_1989 );; line 16708 (wfb::irrigated_land brunei (* 10 sq_km) );; line 16708 (wfb::environment brunei current_issues "NA" );; line 16713 (wfb::environment brunei natural_hazards "typhoons, earthquakes, and severe flooding are very rare" );; line 16715 (wfb::environment brunei international_agreements "party to - Endangered Species, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution" );; line 16717 (wfb::environment brunei international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Law of the Sea" );; line 16717 (wfb::note brunei "close to vital sea lanes through South China Sea linking Indian and Pacific Oceans; two parts physically separated by Malaysia; almost an enclave of Malaysia" );; line 16722 (wfb::estimation-date population brunei date_jul_1995 );; line 16730 (wfb::population brunei 292266 );; line 16730 (wfb::age_structure brunei 0-14_years (* 34 %) );; line 16735 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex brunei 0-14_years female 48458 );; line 16735 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex brunei 0-14_years male 50624 );; line 16735 (wfb::age_structure brunei 15-64_years (* 62 %) );; line 16737 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex brunei 15-64_years female 85581 );; line 16737 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex brunei 15-64_years male 95955 );; line 16737 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure brunei 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 16739 (wfb::age_structure brunei 65_years_and_over (* 4 %) );; line 16739 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex brunei 65_years_and_over female 5172 );; line 16739 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex brunei 65_years_and_over male 6476 );; line 16739 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate brunei date_1995 );; line 16743 (wfb::population_growth_rate brunei (* 2.63 %) );; line 16743 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate brunei date_1995 );; line 16747 (wfb::birth_rate brunei (* 25.83 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 16747 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate brunei date_1995 );; line 16751 (wfb::death_rate brunei (* 5.07 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 16751 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate brunei date_1995 );; line 16755 (wfb::net_migration_rate brunei (* 5.49 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 16755 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate brunei date_1995 );; line 16759 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate brunei (* 24.7 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 16759 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth brunei total_population (* 71.24 years) );; line 16764 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth brunei male (* 69.65 years) );; line 16766 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth brunei female date_1995 );; line 16768 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth brunei female (* 72.91 years) );; line 16768 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate brunei date_1995 );; line 16772 (wfb::total_fertility_rate brunei (* 3.41 children_born/woman) );; line 16772 (wfb::nationality brunei noun "Bruneian(s)" );; line 16777 (wfb::nationality brunei adjective "Bruneian" );; line 16779 (wfb::ethnic-entity brunei malay (* 64 %) );; line 16783 (wfb::ethnic-entity brunei chinese (* 20 %) );; line 16783 (wfb::measurement-date religion date_1981 );; line 16787 (wfb::religion brunei |Muslim (official)| (* 63 %) );; line 16787 (wfb::religion brunei buddhism (* 14 %) );; line 16787 (wfb::religion brunei christian (* 8 %) );; line 16787 (wfb::religion brunei indigenous_beliefs_and_other (* 15 %) );; line 16787 (wfb::language brunei malay-language-group n/a );; line 16792 (wfb::comment language brunei malay-language-group "official" );; line 16792 (wfb::language brunei english n/a );; line 16792 (wfb::language brunei chinese-language-group n/a );; line 16792 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition brunei date_1991 );; line 16796 (wfb::literacy-condition brunei "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 16796 (wfb::literacy brunei total_population (* 88 %) );; line 16798 (wfb::literacy brunei male (* 92 %) );; line 16800 (wfb::literacy brunei female (* 82 %) );; line 16802 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force brunei by_occupation date_1986 );; line 16808 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1986 );; line 16808 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation brunei government (* 47.5 %) );; line 16808 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation brunei production_of_oil n/a );; line 16808 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation brunei natural_gas-occupation-type n/a );; line 16808 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation brunei services n/a );; line 16808 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation brunei construction (* 41.9 %) );; line 16808 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation brunei agriculture n/a );; line 16808 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation brunei forestry n/a );; line 16808 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation brunei fishing-occupation-type (* 3.8 %) );; line 16808 (wfb::comment labor_force brunei "33% of labor force is foreign (1988)" );; line 16811 (wfb::names brunei conventional_long_form "Negara Brunei Darussalam" );; line 16817 (wfb::names brunei conventional_short_form "Brunei" );; line 16819 (wfb::digraph brunei "BX" );; line 16823 (wfb::type brunei "constitutional sultanate" );; line 16827 (wfb::capital brunei bandar_seri_begawan-brunei );; line 16831 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_brunei_districts "districts" "daerah-daerah" "daerah" );; line 16835 (wfb::administrative_divisions brunei adm_div_brunei_districts 4 );; line 16835 (wfb::administrative_division_of brunei adm_div_brunei_districts "Belait" );; line 16835 (wfb::administrative_division_of brunei adm_div_brunei_districts "Brunei and Muara" );; line 16835 (wfb::administrative_division_of brunei adm_div_brunei_districts "Temburong" );; line 16835 (wfb::administrative_division_of brunei adm_div_brunei_districts "Tutong" );; line 16835 (wfb::independence brunei date_1_jan_1984 "UK" );; line 16840 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1984 );; line 16844 (wfb::comment national_holiday brunei "1984" );; line 16844 (wfb::national_holiday brunei "National Day" date_23_feb );; line 16844 (wfb::constitution brunei "29 September 1959 (some provisions suspended under a State of Emergency since December 1962, others since independence on 1 January 1984)" );; line 16848 (wfb::legal_system brunei "based on Islamic law" );; line 16853 (wfb::executive_branch brunei chief_of_state "Sultan and Prime Minister His Majesty Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan Haji HASSANAL Bolkiah Mu'izzaddin Waddaulah " date_5_oct_1967 );; line 16862 (wfb::executive_branch brunei head_of_government "Sultan and Prime Minister His Majesty Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan Haji HASSANAL Bolkiah Mu'izzaddin Waddaulah " date_5_oct_1967 );; line 16862 (wfb::comment executive_branch brunei cabinet "composed chiefly of members of the royal family" );; line 16865 (wfb::executive_branch brunei cabinet "Council of Cabinet Ministers" );; line 16865 (wfb::legislative_structure brunei unicameral n/a );; line 16870 (wfb::legislative_branch brunei "Legislative Council (Majlis Masyuarat Megeri)" "elections last held in March 1962; in 1970 the Council was changed to an appointive body by decree of the sultan; an elected legislative Council is being considered as part of constitution reform, but elections are unlikely for several years" );; line 16872 (wfb::judicial_branch brunei "Supreme Court" );; line 16879 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders brunei "Brunei United National Party (inactive), Anak HASANUDDIN, chairman; Brunei National Solidarity Party (the first legal political party and now banned), leader NA; Brunei Peoples Party (banned), leader NA" );; line 16883 (wfb::member_of brunei apec );; line 16889 (wfb::member_of brunei asean );; line 16889 (wfb::member_of brunei c );; line 16889 (wfb::member_of brunei escap );; line 16889 (wfb::member_of brunei fao );; line 16889 (wfb::member_of brunei g-77 );; line 16889 (wfb::member_of brunei gatt );; line 16889 (wfb::member_of brunei icao );; line 16889 (wfb::member_of brunei idb );; line 16889 (wfb::member_of brunei imo );; line 16889 (wfb::member_of brunei inmarsat );; line 16889 (wfb::member_of brunei intelsat );; line 16889 (wfb::comment member_of brunei intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 16889 (wfb::member_of brunei interpol );; line 16889 (wfb::member_of brunei ioc );; line 16889 (wfb::member_of brunei iso );; line 16889 (wfb::comment member_of brunei iso "correspondent" );; line 16889 (wfb::member_of brunei itu );; line 16889 (wfb::member_of brunei nam );; line 16889 (wfb::member_of brunei oic );; line 16889 (wfb::member_of brunei un );; line 16889 (wfb::member_of brunei unctad );; line 16889 (wfb::member_of brunei upu );; line 16889 (wfb::member_of brunei who );; line 16889 (wfb::member_of brunei wipo );; line 16889 (wfb::member_of brunei wmo );; line 16889 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us brunei chief_of_mission "Ambassador Haji JAYA bin Abdul Latif" );; line 16896 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us brunei chancery "Watergate, Suite 300, 3rd floor, 2600 Virginia Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20037" );; line 16898 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us brunei telephone "[1] (202) 342-0159" );; line 16901 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us brunei fax "[1] (202) 342-0158" );; line 16903 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation brunei chief_of_mission "Ambassador Theresa A. TULL" );; line 16908 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation brunei embassy "Third Floor, Teck Guan Plaza, Jalan Sultan, Bandar Seri Begawan" );; line 16910 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation brunei mailing_address "American Embassy Box B, APO AP 96440" );; line 16912 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation brunei telephone "[673] (2) 229670" );; line 16914 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation brunei fax "[673] (2) 225293" );; line 16916 (wfb::flag brunei "yellow with two diagonal bands of white (top, almost double width) and black starting from the upper hoist side; the national emblem in red is superimposed at the center; the emblem includes a swallow-tailed flag on top of a winged column within an upturned crescent above a scroll and flanked by two upraised hands" );; line 16920 (wfb::overview brunei "The economy is a mixture of foreign and domestic entrepreneurship, government regulation and welfare measures, and village tradition. It is almost totally supported by exports of crude oil and natural gas, with revenues from the petroleum sector accounting for more than 40% of GDP. Per capita GDP is among the highest in the Third World, and substantial income from overseas investment supplements domestic production. The government provides for all medical services and subsidizes food and housing." );; line 16929 (wfb::estimation-date national_product brunei date_1993 );; line 16939 (wfb::national_product brunei (* 4.43e9 $) );; line 16939 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate brunei date_1993 );; line 16943 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate brunei (* -4 %) );; line 16943 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita brunei date_1993 );; line 16947 (wfb::national_product_per_capita brunei (* 16000 $) );; line 16947 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| brunei "2.5% (1993 est.)" );; line 16951 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate brunei date_1993 );; line 16955 (wfb::unemployment_rate brunei (* 5 %) );; line 16955 (wfb::budget brunei revenues (* 1.5e9 $) );; line 16960 (wfb::estimation-date budget brunei date_1990 );; line 16962 (wfb::budget brunei expenditures (* 1.5e9 $) );; line 16962 (wfb::budget brunei capital_expenditures (* 255e6 $) );; line 16962 (wfb::exports brunei (* 2.2e9 $) );; line 16967 (wfb::exports brunei commodities crude_oil n/a );; line 16969 (wfb::exports brunei commodities liquefied_natural_gas n/a );; line 16969 (wfb::exports brunei commodities petroleum_products-commodity n/a );; line 16969 (wfb::measurement-date exports brunei date_1991 );; line 16971 (wfb::exports brunei partners japan (* 52 %) );; line 16971 (wfb::exports brunei partners south_korea (* 10 %) );; line 16971 (wfb::exports brunei partners uk (* 9 %) );; line 16971 (wfb::exports brunei partners thailand (* 7 %) );; line 16971 (wfb::exports brunei partners singapore (* 6 %) );; line 16971 (wfb::imports brunei (* 1.2e9 $) );; line 16976 (wfb::imports brunei commodities machinery_and_transport_equipment n/a );; line 16978 (wfb::imports brunei commodities manufactured_goods n/a );; line 16978 (wfb::imports brunei commodities food n/a );; line 16978 (wfb::imports brunei commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 16978 (wfb::measurement-date imports brunei date_1991 );; line 16981 (wfb::imports brunei partners singapore (* 34 %) );; line 16981 (wfb::imports brunei partners uk (* 23 %) );; line 16981 (wfb::imports brunei partners us (* 10 %) );; line 16981 (wfb::imports brunei partners japan (* 8 %) );; line 16981 (wfb::imports brunei partners malaysia (* 7 %) );; line 16981 (wfb::imports brunei partners switzerland (* 4 %) );; line 16981 (wfb::external_debt brunei (* 0 $) );; line 16986 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1987 );; line 16990 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production brunei date_1987 );; line 16990 (wfb::industrial_production brunei growth_rate (* 12.9 %) );; line 16990 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1990 );; line 16990 (wfb::electricity brunei capacity (* 380000 kw) );; line 16996 (wfb::electricity brunei production (* 1.2e9 kwh) );; line 16998 (wfb::measurement-date electricity brunei consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 17000 (wfb::electricity brunei consumption_per_capita (* 3971 kwh) );; line 17000 (wfb::industry brunei petroleum-industry );; line 17004 (wfb::industry brunei petroleum_refining );; line 17004 (wfb::industry brunei liquefied_natural_gas-industry );; line 17004 (wfb::industry brunei construction-industry );; line 17004 (wfb::agriculture brunei "imports about 80% of its food needs; principal crops and livestock include rice, cassava, bananas, buffaloes, and pigs" );; line 17009 (wfb::economic_aid brunei recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-87), $20.6 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $153 million" );; line 17015 (wfb::abbreviation bruneian_dollar "B$" );; line 17020 (wfb::currency brunei bruneian_dollar 100 cents );; line 17020 (wfb::exchange_rates brunei "Bruneian dollars (B$) per US$1 - 1.4524 (January 1995), 1.5274 (1994), 1.6158 (1993), 1.6290 (1992), 1.7276 (1991), 1.8125 (1990); note - the Bruneian dollar is at par with the Singapore dollar" );; line 17024 (wfb::fiscal_year brunei date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 17030 (wfb::railroads brunei total "13 km private line" );; line 17036 (wfb::railroads brunei narrow_gauge "13 km 0.610-m gauge" );; line 17038 (wfb::highways brunei total (* 1090 km) );; line 17043 (wfb::comment highways brunei paved "with another 52 km under construction" );; line 17045 (wfb::comment highways brunei paved "with another 52 km under construction" );; line 17045 (wfb::highways brunei bituminous (* 370 km) );; line 17045 (wfb::highways brunei gravel_or_earth (* 720 km) );; line 17047 (wfb::inland_waterways brunei "209 km; navigable by craft drawing less than 1.2 meters" );; line 17051 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 135 km) );; line 17055 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 418 km) );; line 17055 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 920 km) );; line 17055 (wfb::port brunei bandar_seri_begawar-brunei );; line 17059 (wfb::port brunei kuala_belait-brunei );; line 17059 (wfb::port brunei muara-brunei );; line 17059 (wfb::port brunei seria-brunei );; line 17059 (wfb::port brunei tutong-brunei );; line 17059 (wfb::merchant_marine brunei total "7 liquefied gas carriers (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 348,476 GRT/340,635 DWT" );; line 17064 (wfb::airports brunei total 5 );; line 17070 (wfb::airports brunei |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 17072 (wfb::airports brunei with_paved_runways_under_914_m 3 );; line 17074 (wfb::airports brunei |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 17076 (wfb::telephone_system brunei "33,000 telephones (1987); service throughout country is adequate for present needs; international service good to adjacent Malaysia" );; line 17081 (wfb::telephone_system brunei local "NA" );; line 17084 (wfb::telephone_system brunei intercity "NA" );; line 17086 (wfb::telephone_system brunei international "INTELSAT (NA Indian Ocean and 1 Pacific Ocean) earth stations" );; line 17088 (wfb::radio brunei broadcast_stations am 4 );; line 17093 (wfb::radio brunei broadcast_stations fm 4 );; line 17093 (wfb::radio brunei broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 17093 (wfb::measurement-date radio brunei radios date_1987 );; line 17095 (wfb::radio brunei radios 74000 );; line 17095 (wfb::comment radio brunei "radiobroadcast coverage good" );; line 17097 (wfb::television brunei broadcast_stations 1 );; line 17102 (wfb::television brunei televisions n/a );; line 17104 (wfb::defense_branch brunei land_forces_brunei );; line 17110 (wfb::defense_branch brunei navy_brunei );; line 17110 (wfb::defense_branch brunei air_force_brunei );; line 17110 (wfb::defense_branch brunei royal_brunei_police_brunei );; line 17110 (wfb::manpower_availability brunei "males age 15-49 81,560; males fit for military service 47,403; males reach military age (18) annually 2,835 (1995 est.)" );; line 17114 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures brunei date_1994 );; line 17119 (wfb::defense_expenditures brunei (* 312e6 $) );; line 17119 (wfb::defense_expenditures brunei (* 6.2 %_of_gdp) );; line 17119 (wfb::markup-parameter figure bulgaria "graphno=\"bu.tif\"" );; line 17125 (wfb::location bulgaria "Southeastern Europe, bordering the Black Sea, between Romania and Turkey" );; line 17129 (wfb::map_references bulgaria "Ethnic Groups in Eastern Europe, Europe" );; line 17134 (wfb::area bulgaria total_area (* 110910 sq_km) );; line 17139 (wfb::area bulgaria land_area (* 110550 sq_km) );; line 17141 (wfb::area bulgaria comparative_area "slightly larger than Tennessee" );; line 17143 (wfb::borders bulgaria total (* 1808 km) );; line 17147 (wfb::borders bulgaria greece (* 494 km) );; line 17147 (wfb::borders bulgaria the_former_yugoslav_republic_of_macedonia (* 148 km) );; line 17147 (wfb::borders bulgaria romania (* 608 km) );; line 17147 (wfb::comment borders "all with Serbia" );; line 17147 (wfb::borders bulgaria serbia_and_montenegro (* 318 km) );; line 17147 (wfb::borders bulgaria turkey (* 240 km) );; line 17147 (wfb::coastline bulgaria (* 354 km) );; line 17153 (wfb::maritime_claims bulgaria contiguous_zone (* 24 nm) );; line 17158 (wfb::maritime_claims bulgaria exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 17160 (wfb::maritime_claims bulgaria territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 17162 (wfb::international_disputes bulgaria "none" );; line 17166 (wfb::climate bulgaria "temperate" );; line 17170 (wfb::climate bulgaria "cold, damp winters" );; line 17170 (wfb::climate bulgaria "hot, dry summers" );; line 17170 (wfb::terrain bulgaria "mostly mountains with lowlands in north and southeast" );; line 17174 (wfb::natural-resource bulgaria bauxite );; line 17178 (wfb::natural-resource bulgaria copper );; line 17178 (wfb::natural-resource bulgaria lead );; line 17178 (wfb::natural-resource bulgaria zinc );; line 17178 (wfb::natural-resource bulgaria coal );; line 17178 (wfb::natural-resource bulgaria timber );; line 17178 (wfb::natural-resource bulgaria arable_land );; line 17178 (wfb::land_use bulgaria arable_land (* 34 %) );; line 17183 (wfb::land_use bulgaria permanent_crops (* 3 %) );; line 17185 (wfb::land_use bulgaria meadows_and_pastures (* 18 %) );; line 17187 (wfb::land_use bulgaria forest_and_woodland (* 35 %) );; line 17189 (wfb::land_use bulgaria other (* 10 %) );; line 17191 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land bulgaria date_1989 );; line 17195 (wfb::irrigated_land bulgaria (* 10 sq_km) );; line 17195 (wfb::environment bulgaria current_issues "air pollution from industrial emissions" );; line 17200 (wfb::environment bulgaria current_issues "rivers polluted from raw sewage, heavy metals, detergents" );; line 17200 (wfb::environment bulgaria current_issues "deforestation" );; line 17200 (wfb::environment bulgaria current_issues "forest damage from air pollution and resulting acid rain" );; line 17200 (wfb::environment bulgaria current_issues "soil contamination from heavy metals from metallurgical plants and industrial wastes" );; line 17200 (wfb::environment bulgaria natural_hazards "earthquakes, landslides" );; line 17205 (wfb::environment bulgaria international_agreements "party to - Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Antarctic Treaty, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands" );; line 17207 (wfb::environment bulgaria international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Law of the Sea" );; line 17207 (wfb::note bulgaria "strategic location near Turkish Straits; controls key land routes from Europe to Middle East and Asia" );; line 17216 (wfb::estimation-date population bulgaria date_jul_1995 );; line 17223 (wfb::population bulgaria 8775198 );; line 17223 (wfb::age_structure bulgaria 0-14_years (* 19 %) );; line 17228 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex bulgaria 0-14_years female 800413 );; line 17228 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex bulgaria 0-14_years male 841697 );; line 17228 (wfb::age_structure bulgaria 15-64_years (* 66 %) );; line 17230 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex bulgaria 15-64_years female 2927880 );; line 17230 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex bulgaria 15-64_years male 2910133 );; line 17230 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure bulgaria 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 17232 (wfb::age_structure bulgaria 65_years_and_over (* 15 %) );; line 17232 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex bulgaria 65_years_and_over female 735706 );; line 17232 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex bulgaria 65_years_and_over male 559369 );; line 17232 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate bulgaria date_1995 );; line 17236 (wfb::population_growth_rate bulgaria (* -0.25 %) );; line 17236 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate bulgaria date_1995 );; line 17240 (wfb::birth_rate bulgaria (* 11.75 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 17240 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate bulgaria date_1995 );; line 17244 (wfb::death_rate bulgaria (* 11.31 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 17244 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate bulgaria date_1995 );; line 17248 (wfb::net_migration_rate bulgaria (* -2.91 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 17248 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate bulgaria date_1995 );; line 17252 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate bulgaria (* 11.4 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 17252 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth bulgaria total_population (* 73.68 years) );; line 17257 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth bulgaria male (* 70.43 years) );; line 17259 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth bulgaria female date_1995 );; line 17261 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth bulgaria female (* 77.1 years) );; line 17261 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate bulgaria date_1995 );; line 17265 (wfb::total_fertility_rate bulgaria (* 1.71 children_born/woman) );; line 17265 (wfb::nationality bulgaria noun "Bulgarian(s)" );; line 17270 (wfb::nationality bulgaria adjective "Bulgarian" );; line 17272 (wfb::ethnic-entity bulgaria bulgarian (* 85.3 %) );; line 17276 (wfb::ethnic-entity bulgaria turk (* 8.5 %) );; line 17276 (wfb::ethnic-entity bulgaria gypsy (* 2.6 %) );; line 17276 (wfb::ethnic-entity bulgaria macedonian (* 2.5 %) );; line 17276 (wfb::ethnic-entity bulgaria armenian (* 0.3 %) );; line 17276 (wfb::ethnic-entity bulgaria russian (* 0.2 %) );; line 17276 (wfb::religion bulgaria bulgarian_orthodox (* 85 %) );; line 17281 (wfb::religion bulgaria muslim (* 13 %) );; line 17281 (wfb::religion bulgaria jewish (* 0.8 %) );; line 17281 (wfb::religion bulgaria roman_catholic (* 0.5 %) );; line 17281 (wfb::religion bulgaria uniate_catholic (* 0.2 %) );; line 17281 (wfb::language bulgaria bulgarian-language-group n/a );; line 17286 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition bulgaria date_1992 );; line 17291 (wfb::literacy-condition bulgaria "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 17291 (wfb::literacy bulgaria total_population (* 98 %) );; line 17293 (wfb::literacy bulgaria male (* 99 %) );; line 17295 (wfb::literacy bulgaria female (* 97 %) );; line 17297 (wfb::total_labor_force bulgaria 4.3e6 );; line 17301 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force bulgaria by_occupation date_1987 );; line 17303 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1987 );; line 17303 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation bulgaria industry (* 33 %) );; line 17303 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation bulgaria agriculture (* 20 %) );; line 17303 (wfb::names bulgaria conventional_long_form "Republic of Bulgaria" );; line 17309 (wfb::names bulgaria conventional_short_form "Bulgaria" );; line 17311 (wfb::digraph bulgaria "BU" );; line 17315 (wfb::type bulgaria "emerging democracy" );; line 17319 (wfb::capital bulgaria sofia-bulgaria );; line 17323 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_bulgaria_provinces "provinces" "oblasti" "oblast" );; line 17327 (wfb::administrative_divisions bulgaria adm_div_bulgaria_provinces 9 );; line 17327 (wfb::administrative_division_of bulgaria adm_div_bulgaria_provinces "Burgas" );; line 17327 (wfb::administrative_division_of bulgaria adm_div_bulgaria_provinces "Grad Sofiya" );; line 17327 (wfb::administrative_division_of bulgaria adm_div_bulgaria_provinces "Khaskovo" );; line 17327 (wfb::administrative_division_of bulgaria adm_div_bulgaria_provinces "Lovech" );; line 17327 (wfb::administrative_division_of bulgaria adm_div_bulgaria_provinces "Montana" );; line 17327 (wfb::administrative_division_of bulgaria adm_div_bulgaria_provinces "Plovdiv" );; line 17327 (wfb::administrative_division_of bulgaria adm_div_bulgaria_provinces "Ruse" );; line 17327 (wfb::administrative_division_of bulgaria adm_div_bulgaria_provinces "Sofiya" );; line 17327 (wfb::administrative_division_of bulgaria adm_div_bulgaria_provinces "Varna" );; line 17327 (wfb::independence bulgaria date_22_sep_1908 "Ottoman Empire" );; line 17332 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1878 );; line 17336 (wfb::comment national_holiday bulgaria "1878" );; line 17336 (wfb::national_holiday bulgaria "Independence Day" date_3_mar );; line 17336 (wfb::constitution bulgaria "adopted 12 July 1991" );; line 17340 (wfb::legal_system bulgaria "based on civil law system, with Soviet law influence; has accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 17344 (wfb::comment suffrage bulgaria " universal and compulsory" );; line 17349 (wfb::suffrage bulgaria (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 17349 (wfb::comment executive_branch bulgaria chief_of_state "Vice President (vacant)" );; line 17354 (wfb::comment executive_branch bulgaria chief_of_state "election last held January 1992" );; line 17354 (wfb::comment executive_branch bulgaria chief_of_state "results - Zhelyu ZHELEV was elected by popular vote" );; line 17354 (wfb::executive_branch bulgaria chief_of_state "President Zhelyu Mitev ZHELEV " date_1_aug_1990 );; line 17354 (wfb::comment executive_branch bulgaria head_of_government "Deputy Prime Ministers Doncho KONAKCHIEV, Kiril TSOCHEV, Rumen GECHEV, Svetoslav SHIVAROV (since 25 January 1995)" );; line 17358 (wfb::executive_branch bulgaria head_of_government "Chairman of the Council of Ministers (Prime Minister) Zhan VIDENOV " date_25_jan_1995 );; line 17358 (wfb::comment executive_branch bulgaria cabinet "elected by the National Assembly" );; line 17362 (wfb::executive_branch bulgaria cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 17362 (wfb::legislative_structure bulgaria unicameral n/a );; line 17366 (wfb::legislative_branch bulgaria "National Assembly (Narodno Sobranie)" "last held 18 December 1994 (next to be held NA 1997); results - BSP 43.5%, UDF 24.2%, PU 6.5%, MRF 5.4%, BBB 4.7%; seats - (240 total) BSP 125, UDF 69, PU 18, MRF 15, BBB 13" );; line 17368 (wfb::judicial_branch bulgaria "Supreme Court, Constitutional Court" );; line 17374 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders bulgaria "Bulgarian Socialist Party (BSP), Zhan VIDENOV, chairman; Union of Democratic Forces (UDF), Ivan KOSTOV an alliance of pro-Democratic parties; People's Union (PU), Stefan SAVOV; Movement for Rights and Freedoms (mainly ethnic Turkish party) (MRF), Ahmed DOGAN; Bulgarian Business Bloc (BBB), George GANCHEV" );; line 17378 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups bulgaria "Democratic Alliance for the Republic (DAR); New Union for Democracy (NUD); Ecoglasnost; Podkrepa Labor Confederation; Fatherland Union; Bulgarian Communist Party (BCP); Confederation of Independent Trade Unions of Bulgaria (KNSB); Bulgarian Agrarian National Union - United (BZNS); Bulgarian Democratic Center; \"Nikola Petkov\" Bulgarian Agrarian National Union; Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization - Union of Macedonian Societies (IMRO-UMS); numerous regional, ethnic, and national interest groups with various agendas" );; line 17386 (wfb::member_of bulgaria acct );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria bis );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria bsec );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria ccc );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria ce );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria cei );; line 17396 (wfb::comment member_of bulgaria cei "associate members" );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria ebrd );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria ece );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria fao );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria g-_9 );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria iaea );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria ibrd );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria icao );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria icftu );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria icrm );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria ifc );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria ifrcs );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria ilo );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria imf );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria imo );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria inmarsat );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria intelsat );; line 17396 (wfb::comment member_of bulgaria intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria interpol );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria ioc );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria iom );; line 17396 (wfb::comment member_of bulgaria iom "observer" );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria iso );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria itu );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria nacc );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria nam );; line 17396 (wfb::comment member_of bulgaria nam "guest" );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria nsg );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria osce );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria pca );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria pfp );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria un );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria unctad );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria unesco );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria unido );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria upu );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria weu );; line 17396 (wfb::comment member_of bulgaria weu "associate partner" );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria wftu );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria who );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria wipo );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria wmo );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria wto );; line 17396 (wfb::member_of bulgaria zc );; line 17396 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us bulgaria chief_of_mission "Ambassador Snezhana Damianova BOTUSHAROVA" );; line 17405 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us bulgaria chancery "1621 22nd Street NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 17407 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us bulgaria telephone "[1] (202) 387-7969" );; line 17409 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us bulgaria fax "[1] (202) 234-7973" );; line 17411 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation bulgaria chief_of_mission "Ambassador William D. MONTGOMERY" );; line 17416 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation bulgaria embassy "1 Saborna Street, Sofia" );; line 17418 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation bulgaria mailing_address "Unit 1335, Sofia; APO AE 09213-1335" );; line 17420 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation bulgaria telephone "[359] (2) 88-48-01 through 05" );; line 17422 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation bulgaria fax "[359] (2) 80-19-77" );; line 17424 (wfb::flag bulgaria "three equal horizontal bands of white (top), green, and red; the national emblem formerly on the hoist side of the white stripe has been removed - it contained a rampant lion within a wreath of wheat ears below a red five-pointed star and above a ribbon bearing the dates 681 (first Bulgarian state established) and 1944 (liberation from Nazi control)" );; line 17428 (wfb::overview bulgaria "The Bulgarian economy continued its painful adjustment in 1994 from the misdirected development undertaken during four decades of Communist rule. Many aspects of a market economy have been put in place and have begun to function, but much of the economy, especially the industrial sector, has yet to re-establish market links lost with the collapse of the other centrally planned Soviet Bloc economies. The prices of many imported industrial inputs, especially energy products, have risen markedly, and falling real wages have not sufficed to restore competitiveness. The government plans more extensive privatization in 1995 to improve the management of enterprises and to encourage foreign investment. Bulgaria resumed payments on its $10 billion in commercial debt in 1993 following the negotiation of a 50% write-off." );; line 17437 (wfb::estimation-date national_product bulgaria date_1994 );; line 17451 (wfb::national_product bulgaria (* 33.7e9 $) );; line 17451 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate bulgaria date_1994 );; line 17455 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate bulgaria (* 0.2 %) );; line 17455 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita bulgaria date_1994 );; line 17459 (wfb::national_product_per_capita bulgaria (* 3830 $) );; line 17459 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| bulgaria "122% (1994)" );; line 17463 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate bulgaria date_1994 );; line 17467 (wfb::unemployment_rate bulgaria (* 16 %) );; line 17467 (wfb::budget bulgaria revenues (* 14e9 $) );; line 17472 (wfb::estimation-date budget bulgaria date_1993 );; line 17474 (wfb::budget bulgaria expenditures (* 17.4e9 $) );; line 17474 (wfb::budget bulgaria capital_expenditures (* 610e6 $) );; line 17474 (wfb::exports bulgaria (* 3.6e9 $) );; line 17479 (wfb::measurement-date exports bulgaria date_1991 );; line 17481 (wfb::exports bulgaria commodities machinery_and_equipment (* 30.6 %) );; line 17481 (wfb::exports bulgaria commodities agricultural_products (* 24 %) );; line 17481 (wfb::exports bulgaria commodities manufactured_consumer_goods (* 22.2 %) );; line 17481 (wfb::exports bulgaria commodities union2 (* 10.5 %) );; line 17481 (wfb::measurement-date exports bulgaria date_1991 );; line 17485 (wfb::comment exports bulgaria partners "Libya 2.1%, Iran 0.7%" );; line 17485 (wfb::comment exports bulgaria "FSU 48.6%, Poland 2.1%, Czechoslovakia 0.9%" );; line 17485 (wfb::exports bulgaria partners former_cema_countries (* 57.7 %) );; line 17485 (wfb::comment exports bulgaria "Germany 4.8%, Greece 2.2%" );; line 17485 (wfb::exports bulgaria partners developed_countries (* 26.3 %) );; line 17485 (wfb::exports bulgaria partners less_developed_countries (* 15.9 %) );; line 17485 (wfb::imports bulgaria (* 4.3e9 $) );; line 17491 (wfb::imports bulgaria commodities union3 (* 58.7 %) );; line 17493 (wfb::imports bulgaria commodities machinery_and_equipment (* 15.8 %) );; line 17493 (wfb::imports bulgaria commodities manufactured_consumer_goods (* 4.4 %) );; line 17493 (wfb::imports bulgaria commodities agricultural_products (* 15.2 %) );; line 17493 (wfb::comment imports bulgaria partners "Iran 2.8%, Libya 2.5%" );; line 17497 (wfb::comment imports bulgaria "FSU 43.2%, Poland 3.7%" );; line 17497 (wfb::imports bulgaria partners former_cema_countries (* 51.0 %) );; line 17497 (wfb::comment imports bulgaria "Germany 7.0%, Austria 4.7%" );; line 17497 (wfb::imports bulgaria partners developed_countries (* 32.8 %) );; line 17497 (wfb::imports bulgaria partners less_developed_countries (* 16.2 %) );; line 17497 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt bulgaria date_1994 );; line 17503 (wfb::external_debt bulgaria (* 12e9 $) );; line 17503 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1990 );; line 17507 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 17507 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production bulgaria date_1994 );; line 17507 (wfb::industrial_production bulgaria growth_rate (* 4 %) );; line 17507 (wfb::electricity bulgaria capacity (* 11500000 kw) );; line 17512 (wfb::electricity bulgaria production (* 35.9e9 kwh) );; line 17514 (wfb::measurement-date electricity bulgaria consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 17516 (wfb::electricity bulgaria consumption_per_capita (* 3827 kwh) );; line 17516 (wfb::industry bulgaria machine_building_and_metal_working );; line 17520 (wfb::industry bulgaria food_processing );; line 17520 (wfb::industry bulgaria chemicals );; line 17520 (wfb::industry bulgaria textiles );; line 17520 (wfb::industry bulgaria building_materials-industry );; line 17520 (wfb::industry bulgaria ferrous_and_nonferrous_metals );; line 17520 (wfb::agriculture bulgaria "climate and soil conditions support livestock raising and the growing of various grain crops, oilseeds, vegetables, fruits, and tobacco; more than one-third of the arable land devoted to grain; world's fourth-largest tobacco exporter; surplus food producer" );; line 17525 (wfb::illicit_drugs bulgaria "transshipment point for southwest Asian heroin and South American cocaine transiting the Balkan route; limited producer of precursor chemicals" );; line 17532 (wfb::economic_aid bulgaria recipient "$700 million in balance of payments support (1994)" );; line 17538 (wfb::abbreviation lev "Lv" );; line 17542 (wfb::currency bulgaria lev 100 stotinki );; line 17542 (wfb::exchange_rates bulgaria "leva (Lv) per US$1 - 67.04 (January 1995), 32.00 (January 1994), 24.56 (January 1993), 17.18 (January 1992), 16.13 (March 1991), 0.7446 (November 1990); note - floating exchange rate since February 1991" );; line 17546 (wfb::fiscal_year bulgaria date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 17552 (wfb::railroads bulgaria total "4,294 km" );; line 17558 (wfb::railroads bulgaria standard_gauge "4,049 km 1.435-m gauge (2,650 km electrified; 917 double track)" );; line 17560 (wfb::railroads bulgaria other "245 km NA-m gauge (1994)" );; line 17562 (wfb::highways bulgaria total (* 36932 km) );; line 17567 (wfb::comment highways bulgaria paved "including 276 km expressways" );; line 17569 (wfb::measurement-date highways bulgaria date_1992 );; line 17571 (wfb::comment highways bulgaria unpaved "1992" );; line 17571 (wfb::measurement-date highways bulgaria unpaved earth date_1992 );; line 17571 (wfb::highways bulgaria earth (* 3028 km) );; line 17571 (wfb::inland_waterways bulgaria "470 km (1987)" );; line 17575 (wfb::measurement-date pipelines date_1992 );; line 17579 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 193 km) );; line 17579 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 525 km) );; line 17579 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 1400 km) );; line 17579 (wfb::port bulgaria burgas-bulgaria );; line 17584 (wfb::port bulgaria lom-bulgaria );; line 17584 (wfb::port bulgaria nesebur-bulgaria );; line 17584 (wfb::port bulgaria ruse-bulgaria );; line 17584 (wfb::port bulgaria varna-bulgaria );; line 17584 (wfb::port bulgaria vidin-bulgaria );; line 17584 (wfb::merchant_marine bulgaria total "109 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,191,231 GRT/1,762,461 DWT" );; line 17589 (wfb::merchant_marine bulgaria ships_by_type "bulk 47, cargo 29, chemical carrier 4, container 2, oil tanker 15, passenger-cargo 2, railcar carrier 2, roll-on/roll-off cargo 6, short-sea passenger 1, refrigerated cargo 1" );; line 17592 (wfb::comment merchant_marine bulgaria "Bulgaria owns 2 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 12,960 DWT operating under Liberian registry" );; line 17596 (wfb::airports bulgaria total 355 );; line 17602 (wfb::airports bulgaria |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 17604 (wfb::airports bulgaria |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 17 );; line 17606 (wfb::airports bulgaria |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 10 );; line 17608 (wfb::airports bulgaria with_paved_runways_under_914_m 88 );; line 17610 (wfb::airports bulgaria |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 2 );; line 17612 (wfb::airports bulgaria |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 1 );; line 17614 (wfb::airports bulgaria |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 10 );; line 17616 (wfb::airports bulgaria with_unpaved_runways_under_914_m 226 );; line 17618 (wfb::telephone_system bulgaria "2,600,000 telephones; 29 telephones/100 persons (1992); extensive but antiquated transmission system of coaxial cable and microwave radio relay; direct dialing to 36 countries; telephone service is available in most villages; almost two-thirds of the lines are residential; 67% of Sofia households have phones (November 1988)" );; line 17623 (wfb::telephone_system bulgaria local "NA" );; line 17629 (wfb::telephone_system bulgaria intercity "NA" );; line 17631 (wfb::telephone_system bulgaria international "1 earth station using Intersputnik; INTELSAT link used through a Greek earth station" );; line 17633 (wfb::radio bulgaria broadcast_stations am 20 );; line 17639 (wfb::radio bulgaria broadcast_stations fm 15 );; line 17639 (wfb::radio bulgaria broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 17639 (wfb::radio bulgaria radios n/a );; line 17641 (wfb::comment television bulgaria broadcast_stations "Russian repeater in Sofia 1" );; line 17646 (wfb::television bulgaria broadcast_stations 29 );; line 17646 (wfb::measurement-date television bulgaria televisions date_may_1990 );; line 17648 (wfb::television bulgaria televisions 2.1e6 );; line 17648 (wfb::defense_branch bulgaria army_bulgaria );; line 17654 (wfb::defense_branch bulgaria navy_bulgaria );; line 17654 (wfb::defense_branch bulgaria air_and_air_defense_forces_bulgaria );; line 17654 (wfb::defense_branch bulgaria border_troops_bulgaria );; line 17654 (wfb::defense_branch bulgaria internal_troops_bulgaria );; line 17654 (wfb::manpower_availability bulgaria "males age 15-49 2,171,414; males fit for military service 1,810,989; males reach military age (19) annually 69,200 (1995 est.)" );; line 17659 (wfb::markup-parameter figure burkina "graphno=\"uv.tif\"" );; line 17672 (wfb::location burkina "Western Africa, north of Ghana" );; line 17676 (wfb::map_references burkina "Africa" );; line 17680 (wfb::area burkina total_area (* 274200 sq_km) );; line 17685 (wfb::area burkina land_area (* 273800 sq_km) );; line 17687 (wfb::area burkina comparative_area "slightly larger than Colorado" );; line 17689 (wfb::borders burkina total (* 3192 km) );; line 17693 (wfb::borders burkina benin (* 306 km) );; line 17693 (wfb::borders burkina ghana (* 548 km) );; line 17693 (wfb::borders burkina |Cote d'Ivoire| (* 584 km) );; line 17693 (wfb::borders burkina mali (* 1000 km) );; line 17693 (wfb::borders burkina niger (* 628 km) );; line 17693 (wfb::borders burkina togo (* 126 km) );; line 17693 (wfb::comment coastline burkina "landlocked" );; line 17698 (wfb::coastline burkina (* 0 km) );; line 17698 (wfb::maritime_claims burkina "none; landlocked" );; line 17702 (wfb::international_disputes burkina "following mutual acceptance of an International Court of Justice (ICJ) ruling in December 1986 on their international boundary dispute, Burkina and Mali are proceeding with boundary demarcation, including the tripoint with Niger" );; line 17706 (wfb::climate burkina "tropical" );; line 17713 (wfb::climate burkina "warm, dry winters" );; line 17713 (wfb::climate burkina "hot, wet summers" );; line 17713 (wfb::terrain burkina "mostly flat to dissected, undulating plains" );; line 17717 (wfb::terrain burkina "hills in west and southeast" );; line 17717 (wfb::natural-resource burkina manganese );; line 17722 (wfb::natural-resource burkina limestone );; line 17722 (wfb::natural-resource burkina marble );; line 17722 (wfb::natural-resource burkina small_deposits_of_gold );; line 17722 (wfb::natural-resource burkina antimony );; line 17722 (wfb::natural-resource burkina copper );; line 17722 (wfb::natural-resource burkina nickel );; line 17722 (wfb::natural-resource burkina bauxite );; line 17722 (wfb::natural-resource burkina lead );; line 17722 (wfb::natural-resource burkina phosphates );; line 17722 (wfb::natural-resource burkina zinc );; line 17722 (wfb::natural-resource burkina silver );; line 17722 (wfb::land_use burkina arable_land (* 10 %) );; line 17728 (wfb::land_use burkina permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 17730 (wfb::land_use burkina meadows_and_pastures (* 37 %) );; line 17732 (wfb::land_use burkina forest_and_woodland (* 26 %) );; line 17734 (wfb::land_use burkina other (* 27 %) );; line 17736 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land burkina date_1989 );; line 17740 (wfb::irrigated_land burkina (* 160 sq_km) );; line 17740 (wfb::environment burkina current_issues "recent droughts and desertification severely affecting agricultural activities, population distribution, and the economy" );; line 17745 (wfb::environment burkina current_issues "overgrazing" );; line 17745 (wfb::environment burkina current_issues "soil degradation" );; line 17745 (wfb::environment burkina current_issues "deforestation" );; line 17745 (wfb::environment burkina natural_hazards "recurring droughts" );; line 17749 (wfb::environment burkina international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands" );; line 17751 (wfb::environment burkina international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Desertification, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban" );; line 17751 (wfb::note burkina "landlocked" );; line 17757 (wfb::estimation-date population burkina date_jul_1995 );; line 17763 (wfb::population burkina 10422828 );; line 17763 (wfb::age_structure burkina 0-14_years (* 48 %) );; line 17768 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex burkina 0-14_years female 2488662 );; line 17768 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex burkina 0-14_years male 2517245 );; line 17768 (wfb::age_structure burkina 15-64_years (* 49 %) );; line 17770 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex burkina 15-64_years female 2707601 );; line 17770 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex burkina 15-64_years male 2378957 );; line 17770 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure burkina 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 17772 (wfb::age_structure burkina 65_years_and_over (* 3 %) );; line 17772 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex burkina 65_years_and_over female 184578 );; line 17772 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex burkina 65_years_and_over male 145785 );; line 17772 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate burkina date_1995 );; line 17776 (wfb::population_growth_rate burkina (* 2.79 %) );; line 17776 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate burkina date_1995 );; line 17780 (wfb::birth_rate burkina (* 48.05 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 17780 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate burkina date_1995 );; line 17784 (wfb::death_rate burkina (* 18.22 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 17784 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate burkina date_1995 );; line 17788 (wfb::net_migration_rate burkina (* -1.9 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 17788 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate burkina date_1995 );; line 17792 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate burkina (* 116.9 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 17792 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth burkina total_population (* 46.6 years) );; line 17797 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth burkina male (* 45.71 years) );; line 17799 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth burkina female date_1995 );; line 17801 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth burkina female (* 47.51 years) );; line 17801 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate burkina date_1995 );; line 17805 (wfb::total_fertility_rate burkina (* 6.88 children_born/woman) );; line 17805 (wfb::nationality burkina noun "Burkinabe (singular and plural)" );; line 17810 (wfb::nationality burkina adjective "Burkinabe" );; line 17812 (wfb::ethnic-entity burkina mossi n/a );; line 17816 (wfb::ethnic-entity burkina gurunsi n/a );; line 17816 (wfb::ethnic-entity burkina senufo n/a );; line 17816 (wfb::ethnic-entity burkina lobi n/a );; line 17816 (wfb::ethnic-entity burkina bobo n/a );; line 17816 (wfb::ethnic-entity burkina mande n/a );; line 17816 (wfb::ethnic-entity burkina fulani n/a );; line 17816 (wfb::religion burkina indigenous_beliefs (* 40 %) );; line 17821 (wfb::religion burkina muslim (* 50 %) );; line 17821 (wfb::religion burkina |Christian (mainly Roman Catholic)| (* 10 %) );; line 17821 (wfb::language burkina french n/a );; line 17826 (wfb::comment language burkina french "official" );; line 17826 (wfb::language burkina tribal_languages_belonging_to_sudanic_family n/a );; line 17826 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition burkina date_1990 );; line 17831 (wfb::literacy-condition burkina "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 17831 (wfb::literacy burkina total_population (* 18 %) );; line 17833 (wfb::literacy burkina male (* 28 %) );; line 17835 (wfb::literacy burkina female (* 9 %) );; line 17837 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation burkina agriculture (* 80 %) );; line 17843 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation burkina industry (* 15 %) );; line 17843 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation burkina commerce n/a );; line 17843 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation burkina services n/a );; line 17843 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation burkina government (* 5 %) );; line 17843 (wfb::comment labor_force burkina "20% of male labor force migrates annually to neighboring countries for seasonal employment (1984)" );; line 17846 (wfb::names burkina conventional_long_form "Burkina Faso" );; line 17853 (wfb::names burkina conventional_short_form "Burkina" );; line 17855 (wfb::names burkina former "Upper Volta" );; line 17857 (wfb::digraph burkina "UV" );; line 17861 (wfb::type burkina "parliamentary" );; line 17865 (wfb::capital burkina ouagadougou-burkina );; line 17869 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_burkina_provinces "provinces" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 17873 (wfb::administrative_divisions burkina adm_div_burkina_provinces 30 );; line 17873 (wfb::administrative_division_of burkina adm_div_burkina_provinces "Bam" );; line 17873 (wfb::administrative_division_of burkina adm_div_burkina_provinces "Bazega" );; line 17873 (wfb::administrative_division_of burkina adm_div_burkina_provinces "Bougouriba" );; line 17873 (wfb::administrative_division_of burkina adm_div_burkina_provinces "Boulgou" );; line 17873 (wfb::administrative_division_of burkina adm_div_burkina_provinces "Boulkiemde" );; line 17873 (wfb::administrative_division_of burkina adm_div_burkina_provinces "Ganzourgou" );; line 17873 (wfb::administrative_division_of burkina adm_div_burkina_provinces "Gnagna" );; line 17873 (wfb::administrative_division_of burkina adm_div_burkina_provinces "Gourma" );; line 17873 (wfb::administrative_division_of burkina adm_div_burkina_provinces "Houet" );; line 17873 (wfb::administrative_division_of burkina adm_div_burkina_provinces "Kadiogo" );; line 17873 (wfb::administrative_division_of burkina adm_div_burkina_provinces "Kenedougou" );; line 17873 (wfb::administrative_division_of burkina adm_div_burkina_provinces "Komoe" );; line 17873 (wfb::administrative_division_of burkina adm_div_burkina_provinces "Kossi" );; line 17873 (wfb::administrative_division_of burkina adm_div_burkina_provinces "Kouritenga" );; line 17873 (wfb::administrative_division_of burkina adm_div_burkina_provinces "Mouhoun" );; line 17873 (wfb::administrative_division_of burkina adm_div_burkina_provinces "Namentenga" );; line 17873 (wfb::administrative_division_of burkina adm_div_burkina_provinces "Naouri" );; line 17873 (wfb::administrative_division_of burkina adm_div_burkina_provinces "Oubritenga" );; line 17873 (wfb::administrative_division_of burkina adm_div_burkina_provinces "Oudalan" );; line 17873 (wfb::administrative_division_of burkina adm_div_burkina_provinces "Passore" );; line 17873 (wfb::administrative_division_of burkina adm_div_burkina_provinces "Poni" );; line 17873 (wfb::administrative_division_of burkina adm_div_burkina_provinces "Sanguie" );; line 17873 (wfb::administrative_division_of burkina adm_div_burkina_provinces "Sanmatenga" );; line 17873 (wfb::administrative_division_of burkina adm_div_burkina_provinces "Seno" );; line 17873 (wfb::administrative_division_of burkina adm_div_burkina_provinces "Sissili" );; line 17873 (wfb::administrative_division_of burkina adm_div_burkina_provinces "Soum" );; line 17873 (wfb::administrative_division_of burkina adm_div_burkina_provinces "Sourou" );; line 17873 (wfb::administrative_division_of burkina adm_div_burkina_provinces "Tapoa" );; line 17873 (wfb::administrative_division_of burkina adm_div_burkina_provinces "Yatenga" );; line 17873 (wfb::administrative_division_of burkina adm_div_burkina_provinces "Zoundweogo" );; line 17873 (wfb::independence burkina date_5_aug_1960 "France" );; line 17880 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1983 );; line 17884 (wfb::comment national_holiday burkina "1983" );; line 17884 (wfb::national_holiday burkina "Anniversary of the Revolution" date_4_aug );; line 17884 (wfb::constitution burkina "2 June 1991" );; line 17888 (wfb::legal_system burkina "based on French civil law system and customary law" );; line 17892 (wfb::comment executive_branch burkina chief_of_state "election last held December 1991" );; line 17901 (wfb::executive_branch burkina chief_of_state "President Captain Blaise COMPAORE " date_15_oct_1987 );; line 17901 (wfb::executive_branch burkina head_of_government "Prime Minister Roch KABORE " date_mar_1994 );; line 17904 (wfb::comment executive_branch burkina cabinet "appointed by the president" );; line 17906 (wfb::executive_branch burkina cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 17906 (wfb::legislative_structure burkina unicameral n/a );; line 17910 (wfb::legislative_branch burkina "Assembly of People's Deputies" "elections last held 24 May 1992 (next to be held 1997); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (107 total), ODP-MT 78, CNPP-PSD 12, RDA 6, ADF 4, other 7" );; line 17912 (wfb::comment legislative_branch burkina "the current law also provides for a second consultative chamber, which has not been formally constituted" );; line 17916 (wfb::judicial_branch burkina "Appeals Court" );; line 17921 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders burkina "Organization for People's Democracy - Labor Movement (ODP-MT), ruling party, Simon COMPAORE, Secretary General; National Convention of Progressive Patriots-Social Democratic Party (CNPP-PSD), Moussa BOLY; African Democratic Rally (RDA), Gerard Kango OUEDRAOGO; Alliance for Democracy and Federation (ADF), Amadou Michel NANA" );; line 17925 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups burkina "committees for the defense of the revolution; watchdog/political action groups throughout the country in both organizations and communities" );; line 17933 (wfb::member_of burkina acct );; line 17938 (wfb::member_of burkina acp );; line 17938 (wfb::member_of burkina afdb );; line 17938 (wfb::member_of burkina ccc );; line 17938 (wfb::member_of burkina ceao );; line 17938 (wfb::member_of burkina eca );; line 17938 (wfb::member_of burkina ecowas );; line 17938 (wfb::member_of burkina entente );; line 17938 (wfb::member_of burkina fao );; line 17938 (wfb::member_of burkina fz );; line 17938 (wfb::member_of burkina g-77 );; line 17938 (wfb::member_of burkina gatt );; line 17938 (wfb::member_of burkina ibrd );; line 17938 (wfb::member_of burkina icao );; line 17938 (wfb::member_of burkina icc );; line 17938 (wfb::member_of burkina icftu );; line 17938 (wfb::member_of burkina icrm );; line 17938 (wfb::member_of burkina ida );; line 17938 (wfb::member_of burkina idb );; line 17938 (wfb::member_of burkina ifad );; line 17938 (wfb::member_of burkina ifc );; line 17938 (wfb::member_of burkina ifrcs );; line 17938 (wfb::member_of burkina ilo );; line 17938 (wfb::member_of burkina imf );; line 17938 (wfb::member_of burkina intelsat );; line 17938 (wfb::member_of burkina interpol );; line 17938 (wfb::member_of burkina ioc );; line 17938 (wfb::member_of burkina itu );; line 17938 (wfb::member_of burkina nam );; line 17938 (wfb::member_of burkina oau );; line 17938 (wfb::member_of burkina oic );; line 17938 (wfb::member_of burkina pca );; line 17938 (wfb::member_of burkina un );; line 17938 (wfb::member_of burkina unctad );; line 17938 (wfb::member_of burkina unesco );; line 17938 (wfb::member_of burkina unido );; line 17938 (wfb::member_of burkina upu );; line 17938 (wfb::member_of burkina wadb );; line 17938 (wfb::member_of burkina wcl );; line 17938 (wfb::member_of burkina wftu );; line 17938 (wfb::member_of burkina who );; line 17938 (wfb::member_of burkina wipo );; line 17938 (wfb::member_of burkina wmo );; line 17938 (wfb::member_of burkina wto );; line 17938 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us burkina chief_of_mission "Ambassador Gaetan R. OUEDRAOGO" );; line 17946 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us burkina chancery "2340 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 17948 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us burkina telephone "[1] (202) 332-5577, 6895" );; line 17950 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation burkina chief_of_mission "Ambassador Donald J. McCONNELL" );; line 17955 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation burkina embassy "Avenue Raoul Follerau, Ouagadougou" );; line 17957 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation burkina mailing_address "01 B. P. 35, Ouagadougou" );; line 17959 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation burkina telephone "[226] 306723 through 306725" );; line 17961 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation burkina fax "[226] 312368" );; line 17963 (wfb::flag burkina "two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and green with a yellow five-pointed star in the center; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia" );; line 17967 (wfb::overview burkina "One of the poorest countries in the world, Burkina has a high population density and a high population growth rate, few natural resources, and a fragile soil. Economic development is hindered by a poor communications network within a landlocked country. Agriculture provides about 40% of GDP and is mainly of a subsistence nature. Industry, dominated by unprofitable government-controlled corporations, accounts for about 15% of GDP. Following the 50% currency devaluation in January 1994, the government updated its development program in conjunction with international agencies. Even with the best of plans, however, the government faces formidable problems on all sides." );; line 17973 (wfb::estimation-date national_product burkina date_1993 );; line 17985 (wfb::national_product burkina (* 6.5e9 $) );; line 17985 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate burkina date_1993 );; line 17989 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate burkina (* 0.4 %) );; line 17989 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita burkina date_1993 );; line 17993 (wfb::national_product_per_capita burkina (* 660 $) );; line 17993 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| burkina "-0.6% (1993 est.)" );; line 17997 (wfb::unemployment_rate burkina (* n/a %) );; line 18001 (wfb::budget burkina revenues (* 483e6 $) );; line 18006 (wfb::measurement-date budget burkina date_1992 );; line 18008 (wfb::budget burkina expenditures (* 548e6 $) );; line 18008 (wfb::budget burkina capital_expenditures (* 189e6 $) );; line 18008 (wfb::exports burkina (* 273e6 $) );; line 18013 (wfb::exports burkina commodities cotton n/a );; line 18015 (wfb::exports burkina commodities gold-commodity n/a );; line 18015 (wfb::exports burkina commodities animal_products n/a );; line 18015 (wfb::measurement-date exports burkina date_1992 );; line 18017 (wfb::exports burkina partners ec (* 42 %) );; line 18017 (wfb::exports burkina partners |Cote d'Ivoire| (* 11 %) );; line 18017 (wfb::exports burkina partners taiwan (* 15 %) );; line 18017 (wfb::imports burkina (* 636e6 $) );; line 18021 (wfb::imports burkina commodities machinery n/a );; line 18023 (wfb::imports burkina commodities food_products n/a );; line 18023 (wfb::imports burkina commodities petroleum-commodity n/a );; line 18023 (wfb::measurement-date imports burkina date_1992 );; line 18025 (wfb::imports burkina partners ec (* 49 %) );; line 18025 (wfb::imports burkina partners africa (* 24 %) );; line 18025 (wfb::imports burkina partners japan (* 6 %) );; line 18025 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt burkina date_dec_1991 );; line 18029 (wfb::external_debt burkina (* 865e6 $) );; line 18029 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1992 );; line 18033 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production burkina date_1992 );; line 18033 (wfb::industrial_production burkina growth_rate (* 6.7 %) );; line 18033 (wfb::electricity burkina capacity (* 60000 kw) );; line 18038 (wfb::electricity burkina production (* 190e6 kwh) );; line 18040 (wfb::measurement-date electricity burkina consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 18042 (wfb::electricity burkina consumption_per_capita (* 17 kwh) );; line 18042 (wfb::industry burkina cotton_lint );; line 18046 (wfb::industry burkina beverages-industry );; line 18046 (wfb::industry burkina agricultural_processing );; line 18046 (wfb::industry burkina soap );; line 18046 (wfb::industry burkina cigarettes );; line 18046 (wfb::industry burkina textiles );; line 18046 (wfb::industry burkina gold_mining_and_extraction );; line 18046 (wfb::agriculture burkina "accounts for about 40% of GDP; cash crops - peanuts, shea nuts, sesame, cotton; food crops - sorghum, millet, corn, rice; livestock; not self-sufficient in food grains" );; line 18051 (wfb::economic_aid burkina recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $294 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $2.9 billion; Communist countries (1970-89), $113 million" );; line 18058 (wfb::abbreviation cfa_franc "CFAF" );; line 18064 (wfb::currency burkina cfa_franc 100 centimes );; line 18064 (wfb::exchange_rates burkina "CFA francs (CFAF) per US$1 - 529.43 (January 1995), 555.20 (1995), 283.16 (1993), 264.69 (1992), 282.11 (1991), 272.26 (1990)" );; line 18068 (wfb::comment exchange_rates burkina "beginning 12 January 1994 the CFA franc was devalued to CFAF 100 per French franc from CFAF 50 at which it had been fixed since 1948" );; line 18071 (wfb::fiscal_year burkina date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 18076 (wfb::railroads burkina total "620 km (520 km Ouagadougou to Cote d'Ivoire border and 100 km Ouagadougou to Kaya; single track)" );; line 18082 (wfb::railroads burkina narrow_gauge "620 km 1.000-m gauge" );; line 18085 (wfb::highways burkina total (* 16500 km) );; line 18090 (wfb::highways burkina paved (* 1300 km) );; line 18092 (wfb::measurement-date highways burkina date_1985 );; line 18094 (wfb::highways burkina improved_earth (* 7400 km) );; line 18094 (wfb::highways burkina unimproved_earth (* 7800 km) );; line 18094 (wfb::airports burkina total 48 );; line 18103 (wfb::airports burkina |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 18105 (wfb::airports burkina |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 18107 (wfb::airports burkina with_paved_runways_under_914_m 26 );; line 18109 (wfb::airports burkina |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 4 );; line 18111 (wfb::airports burkina |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 16 );; line 18113 (wfb::telephone_system burkina "NA telephones; all services only fair" );; line 18118 (wfb::telephone_system burkina local "NA" );; line 18120 (wfb::telephone_system burkina intercity "microwave radio relay, wire, and radio communication stations" );; line 18122 (wfb::telephone_system burkina international "1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth station" );; line 18124 (wfb::radio burkina broadcast_stations am 2 );; line 18129 (wfb::radio burkina broadcast_stations fm 1 );; line 18129 (wfb::radio burkina broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 18129 (wfb::radio burkina radios n/a );; line 18131 (wfb::television burkina broadcast_stations 2 );; line 18136 (wfb::television burkina televisions n/a );; line 18138 (wfb::defense_branch burkina army_burkina );; line 18144 (wfb::defense_branch burkina air_force_burkina );; line 18144 (wfb::defense_branch burkina national_gendarmerie_burkina );; line 18144 (wfb::defense_branch burkina national_police_burkina );; line 18144 (wfb::defense_branch burkina |People's Militia_burkina| );; line 18144 (wfb::manpower_availability burkina "males age 15-49 2,081,999; males fit for military service 1,065,605 (1995 est.)" );; line 18149 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures burkina date_1994 );; line 18154 (wfb::defense_expenditures burkina (* 104e6 $) );; line 18154 (wfb::defense_expenditures burkina (* 6.4 %_of_gdp) );; line 18154 (wfb::markup-parameter figure burma "graphno=\"bm.tif\"" );; line 18160 (wfb::location burma "Southeastern Asia, bordering the Andaman Sea and the Bay of Bengal, between Bangladesh and Thailand" );; line 18164 (wfb::map_references burma "Southeast Asia" );; line 18169 (wfb::area burma total_area (* 678500 sq_km) );; line 18174 (wfb::area burma land_area (* 657740 sq_km) );; line 18176 (wfb::area burma comparative_area "slightly smaller than Texas" );; line 18178 (wfb::borders burma total (* 5876 km) );; line 18182 (wfb::borders burma bangladesh (* 193 km) );; line 18182 (wfb::borders burma china (* 2185 km) );; line 18182 (wfb::borders burma india (* 1463 km) );; line 18182 (wfb::borders burma laos (* 235 km) );; line 18182 (wfb::borders burma thailand (* 1800 km) );; line 18182 (wfb::coastline burma (* 1930 km) );; line 18187 (wfb::maritime_claims burma contiguous_zone (* 24 nm) );; line 18192 (wfb::maritime_claims burma exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 18196 (wfb::maritime_claims burma territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 18198 (wfb::international_disputes burma "none" );; line 18202 (wfb::climate burma "tropical monsoon" );; line 18206 (wfb::climate burma "cloudy, rainy, hot, humid summers (southwest monsoon, June to September)" );; line 18206 (wfb::climate burma "less cloudy, scant rainfall, mild temperatures, lower humidity during winter (northeast monsoon, December to April)" );; line 18206 (wfb::terrain burma "central lowlands ringed by steep, rugged highlands" );; line 18212 (wfb::natural-resource burma petroleum );; line 18216 (wfb::natural-resource burma timber );; line 18216 (wfb::natural-resource burma tin );; line 18216 (wfb::natural-resource burma antimony );; line 18216 (wfb::natural-resource burma zinc );; line 18216 (wfb::natural-resource burma copper );; line 18216 (wfb::natural-resource burma tungsten );; line 18216 (wfb::natural-resource burma lead );; line 18216 (wfb::natural-resource burma coal );; line 18216 (wfb::natural-resource burma some_marble );; line 18216 (wfb::natural-resource burma limestone );; line 18216 (wfb::natural-resource burma precious_stones );; line 18216 (wfb::natural-resource burma natural_gas );; line 18216 (wfb::land_use burma arable_land (* 15 %) );; line 18222 (wfb::land_use burma permanent_crops (* 1 %) );; line 18224 (wfb::land_use burma meadows_and_pastures (* 1 %) );; line 18226 (wfb::land_use burma forest_and_woodland (* 49 %) );; line 18228 (wfb::land_use burma other (* 34 %) );; line 18230 (wfb::measurement-date irrigated_land burma date_1989 );; line 18234 (wfb::irrigated_land burma (* 10180 sq_km) );; line 18234 (wfb::environment burma current_issues "deforestation" );; line 18239 (wfb::environment burma current_issues "industrial pollution of air, soil, and water" );; line 18239 (wfb::environment burma current_issues "inadequate sanitation and water treatment contribute to disease" );; line 18239 (wfb::environment burma natural_hazards "destructive earthquakes and cyclones" );; line 18242 (wfb::environment burma natural_hazards "flooding and landslides common during rainy season (June to September)" );; line 18242 (wfb::environment burma natural_hazards "periodic droughts" );; line 18242 (wfb::environment burma international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83" );; line 18245 (wfb::environment burma international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Law of the Sea" );; line 18245 (wfb::note burma "strategic location near major Indian Ocean shipping lanes" );; line 18251 (wfb::estimation-date population burma date_jul_1995 );; line 18257 (wfb::population burma 45103809 );; line 18257 (wfb::age_structure burma 0-14_years (* 36 %) );; line 18262 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex burma 0-14_years female 7963544 );; line 18262 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex burma 0-14_years male 8285459 );; line 18262 (wfb::age_structure burma 15-64_years (* 60 %) );; line 18264 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex burma 15-64_years female 13478211 );; line 18264 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex burma 15-64_years male 13404987 );; line 18264 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure burma 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 18266 (wfb::age_structure burma 65_years_and_over (* 4 %) );; line 18266 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex burma 65_years_and_over female 1080922 );; line 18266 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex burma 65_years_and_over male 890686 );; line 18266 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate burma date_1995 );; line 18270 (wfb::population_growth_rate burma (* 1.84 %) );; line 18270 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate burma date_1995 );; line 18274 (wfb::birth_rate burma (* 28.02 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 18274 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate burma date_1995 );; line 18278 (wfb::death_rate burma (* 9.63 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 18278 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate burma date_1995 );; line 18282 (wfb::net_migration_rate burma (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 18282 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate burma date_1995 );; line 18286 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate burma (* 61.6 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 18286 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth burma total_population (* 60.47 years) );; line 18291 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth burma male (* 58.38 years) );; line 18293 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth burma female date_1995 );; line 18295 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth burma female (* 62.69 years) );; line 18295 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate burma date_1995 );; line 18299 (wfb::total_fertility_rate burma (* 3.58 children_born/woman) );; line 18299 (wfb::nationality burma noun "Burmese (singular and plural)" );; line 18304 (wfb::nationality burma adjective "Burmese" );; line 18306 (wfb::ethnic-entity burma burman (* 68 %) );; line 18310 (wfb::ethnic-entity burma shan (* 9 %) );; line 18310 (wfb::ethnic-entity burma karen (* 7 %) );; line 18310 (wfb::ethnic-entity burma rakhine (* 4 %) );; line 18310 (wfb::ethnic-entity burma chinese (* 3 %) );; line 18310 (wfb::ethnic-entity burma mon (* 2 %) );; line 18310 (wfb::ethnic-entity burma indian (* 2 %) );; line 18310 (wfb::religion burma buddhist (* 89 %) );; line 18315 (wfb::comment religion "Baptist 3%, Roman Catholic 1%" );; line 18315 (wfb::religion burma christian (* 4 %) );; line 18315 (wfb::religion burma muslim (* 4 %) );; line 18315 (wfb::religion burma animist_beliefs (* 1 %) );; line 18315 (wfb::language burma burmese n/a );; line 18320 (wfb::language burma minority_ethnic_groups_have_their_own_languages n/a );; line 18320 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition burma date_1990 );; line 18324 (wfb::literacy-condition burma "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 18324 (wfb::literacy burma total_population (* 81 %) );; line 18326 (wfb::literacy burma male (* 89 %) );; line 18328 (wfb::literacy burma female (* 72 %) );; line 18330 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force burma date_1992 );; line 18334 (wfb::total_labor_force burma 16.007e6 );; line 18334 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year labor_force burma by_occupation 88 );; line 18336 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year labor_force_by_occupation 88 );; line 18336 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation burma agriculture (* 65.2 %) );; line 18336 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation burma industry (* 14.3 %) );; line 18336 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation burma trade (* 10.1 %) );; line 18336 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation burma government (* 6.3 %) );; line 18336 (wfb::names burma conventional_long_form "Union of Burma" );; line 18343 (wfb::names burma conventional_short_form "Burma" );; line 18345 (wfb::names burma local_long_form "Pyidaungzu Myanma Naingngandaw (translated by the US Government as Union of Myanma and by the Burmese as Union of Myanmar)" );; line 18347 (wfb::names burma local_short_form "Myanma Naingngandaw" );; line 18350 (wfb::names burma former "Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma" );; line 18352 (wfb::digraph burma "BM" );; line 18356 (wfb::type burma "military regime" );; line 18360 (wfb::comment capital burma "regime refers to the capital as Yangon" );; line 18364 (wfb::capital burma rangoon-burma );; line 18364 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_burma_divisions "divisions" "yin-mya" "yin" );; line 18368 (wfb::administrative_divisions burma adm_div_burma_divisions 7 );; line 18368 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_burma_states "states" "pyine-mya" "pyine" );; line 18368 (wfb::administrative_divisions burma adm_div_burma_states 7 );; line 18368 (wfb::administrative_division_of burma adm_div_burma_states "Chin State" );; line 18368 (wfb::administrative_division_of burma adm_div_burma_divisions "Ayeyarwady" );; line 18368 (wfb::administrative_division_of burma adm_div_burma_divisions "Bago" );; line 18368 (wfb::administrative_division_of burma adm_div_burma_states "Kachin State" );; line 18368 (wfb::administrative_division_of burma adm_div_burma_states "Kayin State" );; line 18368 (wfb::administrative_division_of burma adm_div_burma_states "Kayah State" );; line 18368 (wfb::administrative_division_of burma adm_div_burma_divisions "Magway" );; line 18368 (wfb::administrative_division_of burma adm_div_burma_divisions "Mandalay" );; line 18368 (wfb::administrative_division_of burma adm_div_burma_states "Mon State" );; line 18368 (wfb::administrative_division_of burma adm_div_burma_states "Rakhine State" );; line 18368 (wfb::administrative_division_of burma adm_div_burma_divisions "Sagaing" );; line 18368 (wfb::administrative_division_of burma adm_div_burma_states "Shan State" );; line 18368 (wfb::administrative_division_of burma adm_div_burma_divisions "Tanintharyi" );; line 18368 (wfb::administrative_division_of burma adm_div_burma_divisions "Yangon" );; line 18368 (wfb::independence burma date_4_jan_1948 "UK" );; line 18375 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1948 );; line 18379 (wfb::comment national_holiday burma "1948" );; line 18379 (wfb::national_holiday burma "Independence Day" date_4_jan );; line 18379 (wfb::constitution burma "3 January 1974 (suspended since 18 September 1988); National Convention started on 9 January 1993 to draft a new constitution; chapter headings and three of 15 sections have been approved" );; line 18383 (wfb::legal_system burma "has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 18389 (wfb::comment suffrage burma " universal" );; line 18393 (wfb::suffrage burma (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 18393 (wfb::executive_branch burma chief_of_state "Chairman of the State Law and Order Restoration Council Gen. THAN SHWE " date_23_apr_1992 );; line 18398 (wfb::executive_branch burma head_of_government "Chairman of the State Law and Order Restoration Council Gen. THAN SHWE " date_23_apr_1992 );; line 18398 (wfb::executive_branch burma state_law_and_order_restoration_council "military junta which assumed power 18 September 1988" );; line 18401 (wfb::legislative_branch burma "People's Assembly (Pyithu Hluttaw)" "election last held 27 May 1990, but Assembly never convened; results - NLD 80%; seats - (485 total) NLD 396, the regime-favored NUP 10, other 79; was dissolved after the coup of 18 September 1988" );; line 18406 (wfb::judicial_branch burma "limited; remnants of the British-era legal system in place, but there is no guarantee of a fair public trial; the judiciary is not independent of the executive" );; line 18412 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders burma "Union Solidarity and Development Association (USDA), THAN AUNG, Secretary; National Unity Party (NUP; proregime), THA KYAW; National League for Democracy (NLD), U AUNG SHWE; and eight other minor legal parties" );; line 18418 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups burma "National Coalition Government of the Union of Burma (NCGUB), headed by the elected prime minister SEIN WIN (consists of individuals legitimately elected to Parliament but not recognized by the military regime; the group fled to a border area and joined with insurgents in December 1990 to form a parallel government; Kachin Independence Army (KIA); United Wa State Army (UWSA); Karen National Union (KNU); several Shan factions, including the Mong Tai Army (MTA); All Burma Student Democratic Front (ABSDF)" );; line 18424 (wfb::member_of burma asdb );; line 18434 (wfb::member_of burma ccc );; line 18434 (wfb::member_of burma cp );; line 18434 (wfb::member_of burma escap );; line 18434 (wfb::member_of burma fao );; line 18434 (wfb::member_of burma g-77 );; line 18434 (wfb::member_of burma gatt );; line 18434 (wfb::member_of burma iaea );; line 18434 (wfb::member_of burma ibrd );; line 18434 (wfb::member_of burma icao );; line 18434 (wfb::member_of burma icrm );; line 18434 (wfb::member_of burma ida );; line 18434 (wfb::member_of burma ifad );; line 18434 (wfb::member_of burma ifc );; line 18434 (wfb::member_of burma ifrcs );; line 18434 (wfb::member_of burma ilo );; line 18434 (wfb::member_of burma imf );; line 18434 (wfb::member_of burma imo );; line 18434 (wfb::member_of burma intelsat );; line 18434 (wfb::comment member_of burma intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 18434 (wfb::member_of burma interpol );; line 18434 (wfb::member_of burma ioc );; line 18434 (wfb::member_of burma itu );; line 18434 (wfb::member_of burma nam );; line 18434 (wfb::member_of burma un );; line 18434 (wfb::member_of burma unctad );; line 18434 (wfb::member_of burma unesco );; line 18434 (wfb::member_of burma unido );; line 18434 (wfb::member_of burma upu );; line 18434 (wfb::member_of burma who );; line 18434 (wfb::member_of burma wmo );; line 18434 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us burma chief_of_mission "Ambassador U THAUNG" );; line 18441 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us burma chancery "2300 S Street NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 18443 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us burma telephone "[1] (202) 332-9044, 9045" );; line 18445 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us burma |consulate(s) general| "New York" );; line 18447 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation burma chief_of_mission "(vacant); Charge d'Affaires Marilyn A. MEYERS" );; line 18452 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation burma embassy "581 Merchant Street, Rangoon (GPO 521)" );; line 18454 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation burma mailing_address "American Embassy, Box B, APO AP 96546" );; line 18456 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation burma telephone "[95] (1) 82055, 82182 (operator assistance required)" );; line 18458 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation burma fax "[95] (1) 80409" );; line 18460 (wfb::flag burma "red with a blue rectangle in the upper hoist-side corner bearing, all in white, 14 five-pointed stars encircling a cogwheel containing a stalk of rice; the 14 stars represent the 14 administrative divisions" );; line 18464 (wfb::overview burma "Burma has a mixed economy with about 75% private activity, mainly in agriculture, light industry, and transport, and with about 25% state-controlled activity, mainly in energy, heavy industry, and foreign trade. Government policy in the last six years, 1989-94, has aimed at revitalizing the economy after four decades of tight central planning. Thus, private activity has markedly increased; foreign investment has been encouraged, so far with moderate success; and efforts continue to increase the efficiency of state enterprises. Published estimates of Burma's foreign trade are greatly understated because of the volume of black market trade. A major ongoing problem is the failure to achieve monetary and fiscal stability. Although Burma remains a poor Asian country, its rich resources furnish the potential for substantial long-term increases in income, exports, and living standards." );; line 18471 (wfb::estimation-date national_product burma date_1994 );; line 18486 (wfb::national_product burma (* 41.4e9 $) );; line 18486 (wfb::measurement-date national_product_real_growth_rate burma date_1994 );; line 18490 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate burma (* 6.4 %) );; line 18490 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita burma date_1994 );; line 18494 (wfb::national_product_per_capita burma (* 930 $) );; line 18494 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| burma "38% (1994 est.)" );; line 18498 (wfb::unemployment_rate burma (* n/a %) );; line 18502 (wfb::budget burma revenues (* 4.4e9 $) );; line 18507 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year budget burma 93 );; line 18509 (wfb::budget burma expenditures (* 6.7e9 $) );; line 18509 (wfb::budget burma capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 18509 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year exports burma 93 );; line 18514 (wfb::exports burma (* 674e6 $) );; line 18514 (wfb::exports burma commodities pulses_and_beans n/a );; line 18516 (wfb::exports burma commodities teak n/a );; line 18516 (wfb::exports burma commodities rice n/a );; line 18516 (wfb::exports burma commodities hardwood n/a );; line 18516 (wfb::exports burma partners singapore n/a );; line 18518 (wfb::exports burma partners china n/a );; line 18518 (wfb::exports burma partners thailand n/a );; line 18518 (wfb::exports burma partners india n/a );; line 18518 (wfb::exports burma partners hong_kong n/a );; line 18518 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year imports burma 93 );; line 18522 (wfb::imports burma (* 1.2e9 $) );; line 18522 (wfb::imports burma commodities machinery n/a );; line 18524 (wfb::imports burma commodities transport_equipment n/a );; line 18524 (wfb::imports burma commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 18524 (wfb::imports burma commodities food_products n/a );; line 18524 (wfb::imports burma partners japan n/a );; line 18526 (wfb::imports burma partners china n/a );; line 18526 (wfb::imports burma partners thailand n/a );; line 18526 (wfb::imports burma partners singapore n/a );; line 18526 (wfb::imports burma partners malaysia n/a );; line 18526 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year external_debt burma 93 );; line 18530 (wfb::external_debt burma (* 5.4e9 $) );; line 18530 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year industrial_production 92 );; line 18534 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year industrial_production burma 92 );; line 18534 (wfb::industrial_production burma growth_rate (* 4.9 %) );; line 18534 (wfb::industrial_production burma accounts_for (* 10 %_of_gdp) );; line 18534 (wfb::electricity burma capacity (* 1100000 kw) );; line 18539 (wfb::electricity burma production (* 2.6e9 kwh) );; line 18541 (wfb::measurement-date electricity burma consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 18543 (wfb::electricity burma consumption_per_capita (* 55 kwh) );; line 18543 (wfb::industry burma agricultural_processing );; line 18547 (wfb::industry burma textiles );; line 18547 (wfb::industry burma footwear-industry );; line 18547 (wfb::industry burma wood_and_wood_products );; line 18547 (wfb::industry burma petroleum_refining );; line 18547 (wfb::industry burma mining_of_copper );; line 18547 (wfb::industry burma tin-industry );; line 18547 (wfb::industry burma tungsten-industry );; line 18547 (wfb::industry burma iron );; line 18547 (wfb::industry burma construction_materials-industry );; line 18547 (wfb::industry burma pharmaceuticals-industry );; line 18547 (wfb::industry burma fertilizer );; line 18547 (wfb::agriculture burma "accounts for 65% of GDP and 65% of employment (including fishing, animal husbandry, and forestry); self-sufficient in food; principal crops - paddy rice, corn, oilseed, sugarcane, pulses; world's largest stand of hardwood trees; rice and timber account for 55% of export revenues" );; line 18553 (wfb::illicit_drugs burma "world's largest illicit producer of opium (2,030 metric tons in 1994 - dropped 21% due to regional drought in 1994) and minor producer of cannabis for the international drug trade; opium production continues to be almost double since the collapse of Rangoon's antinarcotic programs; growing role in amphetamine production for regional consumption" );; line 18560 (wfb::economic_aid burma recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $158 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $3.9 billion; Communist countries (1970-89), $424 million" );; line 18569 (wfb::abbreviation kyat "K" );; line 18575 (wfb::currency burma kyat 100 pyas );; line 18575 (wfb::exchange_rates burma "kyats (K) per US$1 - 5.8640 (January 1995), 5.9749 (1994), 6.1570 (1993), 6.1045 (1992), 6.2837 (1991), 6.3386 (1990); unofficial - 120" );; line 18579 (wfb::fiscal_year burma date_1_apr date_31_mar );; line 18584 (wfb::railroads burma total "3,991 km (3,878 km common carrier lines, 113 km industrial lines)" );; line 18590 (wfb::railroads burma standard_gauge "3,878 km 1.435-m gauge" );; line 18592 (wfb::railroads burma other "113 km NA-m gauge" );; line 18594 (wfb::highways burma total (* 27000 km) );; line 18599 (wfb::highways burma bituminous (* 3200 km) );; line 18601 (wfb::highways burma (union gravel improved_earth ) (* 17700 km) );; line 18603 (wfb::highways burma unimproved_earth (* 6100 km) );; line 18603 (wfb::inland_waterways burma "12,800 km; 3,200 km navigable by large commercial vessels" );; line 18607 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 1343 km) );; line 18611 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 330 km) );; line 18611 (wfb::port burma bassein-burma );; line 18615 (wfb::port burma bhamo-burma );; line 18615 (wfb::port burma chauk-burma );; line 18615 (wfb::port burma mandalay-burma );; line 18615 (wfb::port burma moulmein-burma );; line 18615 (wfb::port burma myitkyina-burma );; line 18615 (wfb::port burma rangoon-burma );; line 18615 (wfb::port burma sittwe-burma );; line 18615 (wfb::port burma tavoy-burma );; line 18615 (wfb::merchant_marine burma total "49 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 638,297 GRT/884,492 DWT" );; line 18621 (wfb::merchant_marine burma ships_by_type "bulk 19, cargo 15, chemical tanker 1, container 2, oil tanker 3, passenger-cargo 3, refrigerated cargo 4, vehicle carrier 2" );; line 18623 (wfb::airports burma total 80 );; line 18629 (wfb::airports burma |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 2 );; line 18631 (wfb::airports burma |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 2 );; line 18633 (wfb::airports burma |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 10 );; line 18635 (wfb::airports burma |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 11 );; line 18637 (wfb::airports burma with_paved_runways_under_914_m 33 );; line 18639 (wfb::airports burma |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 5 );; line 18641 (wfb::airports burma |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 17 );; line 18643 (wfb::telephone_system burma "53,000 telephones (1986); meets minimum requirements for local and intercity service for business and government; international service is good" );; line 18648 (wfb::telephone_system burma local "NA" );; line 18652 (wfb::telephone_system burma intercity "NA" );; line 18654 (wfb::telephone_system burma international "1 INTELSAT (Indian Ocean) earth station" );; line 18656 (wfb::measurement-date radio burma date_1985 );; line 18661 (wfb::radio burma broadcast_stations am 2 );; line 18661 (wfb::radio burma broadcast_stations fm 1 );; line 18661 (wfb::radio burma broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 18661 (wfb::radio burma radios n/a );; line 18663 (wfb::comment radio burma "radiobroadcast coverage is limited to the most populous areas" );; line 18665 (wfb::measurement-date television burma broadcast_stations date_1985 );; line 18670 (wfb::television burma broadcast_stations 1 );; line 18670 (wfb::television burma televisions n/a );; line 18672 (wfb::defense_branch burma army_burma );; line 18678 (wfb::defense_branch burma navy_burma );; line 18678 (wfb::defense_branch burma air_force_burma );; line 18678 (wfb::manpower_availability burma "males age 15-49 11,553,094; females age 15-49 11,463,189; males fit for military service 6,180,091; females fit for military service 6,116,421; males reach military age (18) annually 457,445 (1995 est.); females reach military age (18) annually 441,628 (1995 est.)" );; line 18682 (wfb::comment manpower_availability burma "both sexes liable for military service" );; line 18687 (wfb::markup-parameter figure burundi "graphno=\"by.tif\"" );; line 18697 (wfb::location burundi "Central Africa, east of Zaire" );; line 18701 (wfb::map_references burundi "Africa" );; line 18705 (wfb::area burundi total_area (* 27830 sq_km) );; line 18710 (wfb::area burundi land_area (* 25650 sq_km) );; line 18712 (wfb::area burundi comparative_area "slightly larger than Maryland" );; line 18714 (wfb::borders burundi total (* 974 km) );; line 18718 (wfb::borders burundi rwanda (* 290 km) );; line 18718 (wfb::borders burundi tanzania (* 451 km) );; line 18718 (wfb::borders burundi zaire (* 233 km) );; line 18718 (wfb::comment coastline burundi "landlocked" );; line 18722 (wfb::coastline burundi (* 0 km) );; line 18722 (wfb::maritime_claims burundi "none; landlocked" );; line 18726 (wfb::international_disputes burundi "none" );; line 18730 (wfb::climate burundi "temperate" );; line 18734 (wfb::climate burundi "warm" );; line 18734 (wfb::climate burundi "occasional frost in uplands" );; line 18734 (wfb::climate burundi "dry season from June to September" );; line 18734 (wfb::terrain burundi "hilly and mountainous, dropping to a plateau in east, some plains" );; line 18739 (wfb::natural-resource burundi nickel );; line 18743 (wfb::natural-resource burundi uranium );; line 18743 (wfb::natural-resource burundi rare_earth_oxide );; line 18743 (wfb::natural-resource burundi peat );; line 18743 (wfb::natural-resource burundi cobalt );; line 18743 (wfb::natural-resource burundi copper );; line 18743 (wfb::natural-resource burundi |platinum (not yet exploited)| );; line 18743 (wfb::natural-resource burundi vanadium );; line 18743 (wfb::land_use burundi arable_land (* 43 %) );; line 18749 (wfb::land_use burundi permanent_crops (* 8 %) );; line 18751 (wfb::land_use burundi meadows_and_pastures (* 35 %) );; line 18753 (wfb::land_use burundi forest_and_woodland (* 2 %) );; line 18755 (wfb::land_use burundi other (* 12 %) );; line 18757 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land burundi date_1989 );; line 18761 (wfb::irrigated_land burundi (* 720 sq_km) );; line 18761 (wfb::environment burundi current_issues "soil erosion as a result of overgrazing and the expansion of agriculture into marginal lands" );; line 18766 (wfb::environment burundi current_issues "deforestation (little forested land remains because of uncontrolled cutting of trees for fuel)" );; line 18766 (wfb::environment burundi current_issues "habitat loss threatens wildlife populations" );; line 18766 (wfb::environment burundi natural_hazards "flooding, landslides" );; line 18771 (wfb::environment burundi international_agreements "party to - Endangered Species" );; line 18773 (wfb::environment burundi international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban" );; line 18773 (wfb::note burundi "landlocked; straddles crest of the Nile-Congo watershed" );; line 18778 (wfb::estimation-date population burundi date_jul_1995 );; line 18784 (wfb::population burundi 6262429 );; line 18784 (wfb::age_structure burundi 0-14_years (* 48 %) );; line 18789 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex burundi 0-14_years female 1489721 );; line 18789 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex burundi 0-14_years male 1494730 );; line 18789 (wfb::age_structure burundi 15-64_years (* 50 %) );; line 18791 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex burundi 15-64_years female 1606307 );; line 18791 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex burundi 15-64_years male 1498021 );; line 18791 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure burundi 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 18793 (wfb::age_structure burundi 65_years_and_over (* 2 %) );; line 18793 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex burundi 65_years_and_over female 105446 );; line 18793 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex burundi 65_years_and_over male 68204 );; line 18793 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate burundi date_1995 );; line 18797 (wfb::population_growth_rate burundi (* 2.18 %) );; line 18797 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate burundi date_1995 );; line 18801 (wfb::birth_rate burundi (* 43.35 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 18801 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate burundi date_1995 );; line 18805 (wfb::death_rate burundi (* 21.51 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 18805 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate burundi date_1995 );; line 18809 (wfb::net_migration_rate burundi (* n/a |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 18809 (wfb::comment net_migration_rate burundi "in a number of waves since April 1994, hundreds of thousands of refugees have fled the civil strife between the Hutu and Tutsi factions in Burundi and crossed into Rwanda, Tanzania, and Zaire; the refugee flows are continuing in 1995 as the ethnic violence has persisted" );; line 18811 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate burundi date_1995 );; line 18818 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate burundi (* 111.9 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 18818 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth burundi total_population (* 39.86 years) );; line 18823 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth burundi male (* 37.84 years) );; line 18825 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth burundi female date_1995 );; line 18827 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth burundi female (* 41.95 years) );; line 18827 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate burundi date_1995 );; line 18831 (wfb::total_fertility_rate burundi (* 6.63 children_born/woman) );; line 18831 (wfb::nationality burundi noun "Burundian(s)" );; line 18836 (wfb::nationality burundi adjective "Burundi" );; line 18838 (wfb::comment religion "Roman Catholic 62%, Protestant 5%" );; line 18849 (wfb::religion burundi christian (* 67 %) );; line 18849 (wfb::religion burundi indigenous_beliefs (* 32 %) );; line 18849 (wfb::religion burundi muslim (* 1 %) );; line 18849 (wfb::language burundi kirundi n/a );; line 18854 (wfb::comment language burundi kirundi "official" );; line 18854 (wfb::language burundi french n/a );; line 18854 (wfb::comment language burundi french "official" );; line 18854 (wfb::language burundi swahili n/a );; line 18854 (wfb::comment language burundi swahili "along Lake Tanganyika and in the Bujumbura area" );; line 18854 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition burundi date_1990 );; line 18859 (wfb::literacy-condition burundi "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 18859 (wfb::literacy burundi total_population (* 50 %) );; line 18861 (wfb::literacy burundi male (* 61 %) );; line 18863 (wfb::literacy burundi female (* 40 %) );; line 18865 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force burundi date_1983 );; line 18869 (wfb::total_labor_force burundi 1.9e6 );; line 18869 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation burundi agriculture (* 93.0 %) );; line 18871 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation burundi government (* 4.0 %) );; line 18871 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation burundi industry_and_commerce (* 1.5 %) );; line 18871 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation burundi services (* 1.5 %) );; line 18871 (wfb::names burundi conventional_long_form "Republic of Burundi" );; line 18878 (wfb::names burundi conventional_short_form "Burundi" );; line 18880 (wfb::names burundi local_long_form "Republika y'u Burundi" );; line 18882 (wfb::names burundi local_short_form "Burundi" );; line 18884 (wfb::digraph burundi "BY" );; line 18888 (wfb::type burundi "republic" );; line 18892 (wfb::capital burundi bujumbura-burundi );; line 18896 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_burundi_provinces "provinces" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 18900 (wfb::administrative_divisions burundi adm_div_burundi_provinces 15 );; line 18900 (wfb::administrative_division_of burundi adm_div_burundi_provinces "Bubanza" );; line 18900 (wfb::administrative_division_of burundi adm_div_burundi_provinces "Bujumbura" );; line 18900 (wfb::administrative_division_of burundi adm_div_burundi_provinces "Bururi" );; line 18900 (wfb::administrative_division_of burundi adm_div_burundi_provinces "Cankuzo" );; line 18900 (wfb::administrative_division_of burundi adm_div_burundi_provinces "Cibitoke" );; line 18900 (wfb::administrative_division_of burundi adm_div_burundi_provinces "Gitega" );; line 18900 (wfb::administrative_division_of burundi adm_div_burundi_provinces "Karuzi" );; line 18900 (wfb::administrative_division_of burundi adm_div_burundi_provinces "Kayanza" );; line 18900 (wfb::administrative_division_of burundi adm_div_burundi_provinces "Kirundo" );; line 18900 (wfb::administrative_division_of burundi adm_div_burundi_provinces "Makamba" );; line 18900 (wfb::administrative_division_of burundi adm_div_burundi_provinces "Muramvya" );; line 18900 (wfb::administrative_division_of burundi adm_div_burundi_provinces "Muyinga" );; line 18900 (wfb::administrative_division_of burundi adm_div_burundi_provinces "Ngozi" );; line 18900 (wfb::administrative_division_of burundi adm_div_burundi_provinces "Rutana" );; line 18900 (wfb::administrative_division_of burundi adm_div_burundi_provinces "Ruyigi" );; line 18900 (wfb::independence burundi date_1_jul_1962 "UN trusteeship under Belgian administration" );; line 18906 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1962 );; line 18910 (wfb::comment national_holiday burundi "1962" );; line 18910 (wfb::national_holiday burundi "Independence Day" date_1_jul );; line 18910 (wfb::constitution burundi "13 March 1992; provides for establishment of a plural political system" );; line 18914 (wfb::legal_system burundi "based on German and Belgian civil codes and customary law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 18919 (wfb::executive_branch burundi chief_of_state "President Sylvestre NTIBANTUNGANYA " date_sep_1994 );; line 18929 (wfb::comment executive_branch burundi "President Melchior NDADAYE, Burundi's first democratically elected president, died in the military coup of 21 October 1993 and was succeeded on 5 February 1994 by President Cyprien NTARYAMIRA, who was killed in a mysterious airplane explosion on 6 April 1994" );; line 18931 (wfb::comment executive_branch burundi head_of_government "selected by President NTIBANTUNGANYA following the resignation of Anatole KANYENKIKO on 15 February 1995" );; line 18936 (wfb::executive_branch burundi head_of_government "Prime Minister Antoine NDUWAYO " date_feb_1995 );; line 18936 (wfb::comment executive_branch burundi cabinet "appointed by prime minister" );; line 18940 (wfb::executive_branch burundi cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 18940 (wfb::legislative_structure burundi unicameral n/a );; line 18944 (wfb::legislative_branch burundi "National Assembly (Assemblee Nationale)" "elections last held 29 June 1993 (next to be held NA); results - FRODEBU 71%, UPRONA 21.4%; seats - (81 total) FRODEBU 65, UPRONA 16; other parties won too small shares of the vote to win seats in the assembly" );; line 18946 (wfb::comment legislative_branch burundi "The National Unity Charter outlining the principles for constitutional government was adopted by a national referendum on 5 February 1991" );; line 18950 (wfb::judicial_branch burundi "Supreme Court (Cour Supreme)" );; line 18955 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders burundi "Unity for National Progress (UPRONA); Burundi Democratic Front (FRODEBU); Organization of the People of Burundi (RBP); Socialist Party of Burundi (PSB); People's Reconciliation Party (PRP); opposition parties, legalized in March 1992, include Burundi African Alliance for the Salvation (ABASA); Rally for Democracy and Economic and Social Development (RADDES); and Party for National Redress (PARENA)" );; line 18959 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups burundi "NA;" );; line 18968 (wfb::member_of burundi acct );; line 18972 (wfb::member_of burundi acp );; line 18972 (wfb::member_of burundi afdb );; line 18972 (wfb::member_of burundi ccc );; line 18972 (wfb::member_of burundi ceeac );; line 18972 (wfb::member_of burundi cepgl );; line 18972 (wfb::member_of burundi eca );; line 18972 (wfb::member_of burundi fao );; line 18972 (wfb::member_of burundi g-77 );; line 18972 (wfb::member_of burundi gatt );; line 18972 (wfb::member_of burundi ibrd );; line 18972 (wfb::member_of burundi icao );; line 18972 (wfb::member_of burundi icrm );; line 18972 (wfb::member_of burundi ida );; line 18972 (wfb::member_of burundi ifad );; line 18972 (wfb::member_of burundi ifc );; line 18972 (wfb::member_of burundi ifrcs );; line 18972 (wfb::member_of burundi ilo );; line 18972 (wfb::member_of burundi imf );; line 18972 (wfb::member_of burundi intelsat );; line 18972 (wfb::comment member_of burundi intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 18972 (wfb::member_of burundi interpol );; line 18972 (wfb::member_of burundi ioc );; line 18972 (wfb::member_of burundi iso );; line 18972 (wfb::comment member_of burundi iso "subscriber" );; line 18972 (wfb::member_of burundi itu );; line 18972 (wfb::member_of burundi nam );; line 18972 (wfb::member_of burundi oau );; line 18972 (wfb::member_of burundi un );; line 18972 (wfb::member_of burundi unctad );; line 18972 (wfb::member_of burundi unesco );; line 18972 (wfb::member_of burundi unido );; line 18972 (wfb::member_of burundi upu );; line 18972 (wfb::member_of burundi who );; line 18972 (wfb::member_of burundi wipo );; line 18972 (wfb::member_of burundi wmo );; line 18972 (wfb::member_of burundi wto );; line 18972 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us burundi chief_of_mission "post vacant since recall of Ambassador Jacques BACAMURWANKO in November 1994" );; line 18980 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us burundi chancery "Suite 212, 2233 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20007" );; line 18983 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us burundi telephone "[1] (202) 342-2574" );; line 18985 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation burundi chief_of_mission "Ambassador Robert C. KRUEGER" );; line 18990 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation burundi embassy "Avenue des Etats-Unis, Bujumbura" );; line 18992 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation burundi mailing_address "B. P. 1720, Bujumbura" );; line 18994 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation burundi telephone "[257] (2) 23454" );; line 18996 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation burundi fax "[257] (2) 22926" );; line 18998 (wfb::flag burundi "divided by a white diagonal cross into red panels (top and bottom) and green panels (hoist side and outer side) with a white disk superimposed at the center bearing three red six-pointed stars outlined in green arranged in a triangular design (one star above, two stars below)" );; line 19002 (wfb::overview burundi "A landlocked, resource-poor country in an early stage of economic development, Burundi since October 1993 has suffered from massive ethnic-based violence that has displaced an estimated million people, disrupted production, and set back needed reform programs. Burundi is predominately agricultural with roughly 90% of the population dependent on subsistence agriculture. Its economic health depends on the coffee crop, which accounts for 80% of foreign exchange earnings. The ability to pay for imports therefore continues to rest largely on the vagaries of the climate and the international coffee market. As part of its economic reform agenda, launched in February 1991 with IMF and World Bank support, Burundi is trying to diversify its agricultural exports, attract foreign investment in industry, and modernize government budgetary practices. Although the government remains committed to reforms, it fears new austerity measures would add to ethnic tensions." );; line 19010 (wfb::estimation-date national_product burundi date_1994 );; line 19026 (wfb::national_product burundi (* 3.7e9 $) );; line 19026 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate burundi date_1994 );; line 19030 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate burundi (* -13.5 %) );; line 19030 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita burundi date_1994 );; line 19034 (wfb::national_product_per_capita burundi (* 600 $) );; line 19034 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| burundi "10% (1993 est.)" );; line 19038 (wfb::unemployment_rate burundi (* n/a %) );; line 19042 (wfb::budget burundi revenues (* 318e6 $) );; line 19047 (wfb::estimation-date budget burundi date_1991 );; line 19049 (wfb::budget burundi expenditures (* 326e6 $) );; line 19049 (wfb::budget burundi capital_expenditures (* 150e6 $) );; line 19049 (wfb::exports burundi (* 68e6 $) );; line 19054 (wfb::exports burundi commodities coffee (* 81 %) );; line 19056 (wfb::exports burundi commodities tea n/a );; line 19056 (wfb::exports burundi commodities cotton n/a );; line 19056 (wfb::exports burundi commodities hides n/a );; line 19056 (wfb::exports burundi commodities skins n/a );; line 19056 (wfb::exports burundi partners ec (* 57 %) );; line 19058 (wfb::exports burundi partners us (* 19 %) );; line 19058 (wfb::exports burundi partners asia (* 1 %) );; line 19058 (wfb::imports burundi (* 203e6 $) );; line 19062 (wfb::imports burundi commodities capital_goods (* 31 %) );; line 19064 (wfb::imports burundi commodities petroleum_products-commodity (* 15 %) );; line 19064 (wfb::imports burundi commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 19064 (wfb::imports burundi commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 19064 (wfb::imports burundi partners ec (* 45 %) );; line 19067 (wfb::imports burundi partners asia (* 29 %) );; line 19067 (wfb::imports burundi partners us (* 2 %) );; line 19067 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt burundi date_1994 );; line 19071 (wfb::external_debt burundi (* 1.05e9 $) );; line 19071 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1991 );; line 19075 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production burundi date_1991 );; line 19075 (wfb::industrial_production burundi growth_rate (* 11 %) );; line 19075 (wfb::electricity burundi capacity (* 55000 kw) );; line 19080 (wfb::electricity burundi production (* 100e6 kwh) );; line 19082 (wfb::measurement-date electricity burundi consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 19084 (wfb::electricity burundi consumption_per_capita (* 20 kwh) );; line 19084 (wfb::industry burundi light_consumer_goods_such_as_blankets );; line 19088 (wfb::industry burundi shoes );; line 19088 (wfb::industry burundi soap );; line 19088 (wfb::industry burundi assembly_of_imported_components );; line 19088 (wfb::industry burundi public_works_construction );; line 19088 (wfb::industry burundi food_processing );; line 19088 (wfb::agriculture burundi "accounts for 50% of GDP; cash crops - coffee, cotton, tea; food crops - corn, sorghum, sweet potatoes, bananas, manioc; livestock - meat, milk, hides and skins" );; line 19093 (wfb::economic_aid burundi recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $71 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $10.2 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $32 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $175 million" );; line 19100 (wfb::abbreviation burundi_franc "FBu" );; line 19107 (wfb::currency burundi burundi_franc 100 centimes );; line 19107 (wfb::exchange_rates burundi "Burundi francs (FBu) per US$1 - 248.51 (December 1994), 252.66 (1994), 242.78 (1993), 208.30 (1992), 181.51 (1991), 171.26 (1990), 158.67 (1989), 140.40 (1988)" );; line 19111 (wfb::fiscal_year burundi date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 19117 (wfb::railroads burundi "0 km" );; line 19122 (wfb::highways burundi total (* 5900 km) );; line 19127 (wfb::highways burundi paved (* 640 km) );; line 19129 (wfb::measurement-date highways burundi date_1990 );; line 19131 (wfb::highways burundi (union gravel crushed_stone ) (* 2260 km) );; line 19131 (wfb::highways burundi (union improved unimproved_earth ) (* 3000 km) );; line 19131 (wfb::inland_waterways burundi "Lake Tanganyika" );; line 19136 (wfb::port burundi bujumbura-burundi );; line 19140 (wfb::airports burundi total 4 );; line 19145 (wfb::airports burundi |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 19147 (wfb::airports burundi with_paved_runways_under_914_m 1 );; line 19149 (wfb::airports burundi |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 2 );; line 19151 (wfb::telephone_system burundi "8,000 telephones; primative system; telephone density - 1.3 telephones/1,000 persons" );; line 19156 (wfb::telephone_system burundi local "NA" );; line 19159 (wfb::telephone_system burundi intercity "sparse system of wire, radiocommunications, and low-capacity microwave radio relay links" );; line 19161 (wfb::telephone_system burundi international "1 INTELSAT (Indian Ocean) earth station" );; line 19164 (wfb::radio burundi broadcast_stations am 2 );; line 19169 (wfb::radio burundi broadcast_stations fm 2 );; line 19169 (wfb::radio burundi broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 19169 (wfb::radio burundi radios n/a );; line 19171 (wfb::television burundi broadcast_stations 1 );; line 19176 (wfb::television burundi televisions n/a );; line 19178 (wfb::comment defense_branch burundi army_burundi "includes naval and air units" );; line 19184 (wfb::defense_branch burundi army_burundi );; line 19184 (wfb::defense_branch burundi paramilitary_gendarmerie_burundi );; line 19184 (wfb::manpower_availability burundi "males age 15-49 1,350,042; males fit for military service 705,864; males reach military age (16) annually 73,308 (1995 est.)" );; line 19188 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures burundi date_1993 );; line 19193 (wfb::defense_expenditures burundi (* 25e6 $) );; line 19193 (wfb::defense_expenditures burundi (* 2.6 %_of_gdp) );; line 19193 (wfb::markup-parameter figure cambodia "graphno=\"cb.tif\"" );; line 19200 (wfb::location cambodia "Southeastern Asia, bordering the Gulf of Thailand, between Thailand and Vietnam" );; line 19204 (wfb::map_references cambodia "Southeast Asia" );; line 19209 (wfb::area cambodia total_area (* 181040 sq_km) );; line 19214 (wfb::area cambodia land_area (* 176520 sq_km) );; line 19216 (wfb::area cambodia comparative_area "slightly smaller than Oklahoma" );; line 19218 (wfb::borders cambodia total (* 2572 km) );; line 19222 (wfb::borders cambodia laos (* 541 km) );; line 19222 (wfb::borders cambodia thailand (* 803 km) );; line 19222 (wfb::borders cambodia vietnam (* 1228 km) );; line 19222 (wfb::coastline cambodia (* 443 km) );; line 19226 (wfb::maritime_claims cambodia contiguous_zone (* 24 nm) );; line 19231 (wfb::maritime_claims cambodia continental_shelf (* 200 nm) );; line 19233 (wfb::maritime_claims cambodia exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 19235 (wfb::maritime_claims cambodia territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 19237 (wfb::international_disputes cambodia "offshore islands and sections of the boundary with Vietnam are in dispute" );; line 19241 (wfb::international_disputes cambodia "maritime boundary with Vietnam not defined" );; line 19241 (wfb::international_disputes cambodia "parts of border with Thailand in dispute" );; line 19241 (wfb::international_disputes cambodia "maritime boundary with Thailand not clearly defined" );; line 19241 (wfb::climate cambodia "tropical" );; line 19247 (wfb::climate cambodia "rainy, monsoon season (May to November)" );; line 19247 (wfb::climate cambodia "dry season (December to April)" );; line 19247 (wfb::climate cambodia "little seasonal temperature variation" );; line 19247 (wfb::terrain cambodia "mostly low, flat plains" );; line 19252 (wfb::terrain cambodia "mountains in southwest and north" );; line 19252 (wfb::natural-resource cambodia timber );; line 19256 (wfb::natural-resource cambodia gemstones );; line 19256 (wfb::natural-resource cambodia some_iron_ore );; line 19256 (wfb::natural-resource cambodia manganese );; line 19256 (wfb::natural-resource cambodia phosphates );; line 19256 (wfb::natural-resource cambodia hydropower_potential );; line 19256 (wfb::land_use cambodia arable_land (* 16 %) );; line 19262 (wfb::land_use cambodia permanent_crops (* 1 %) );; line 19264 (wfb::land_use cambodia meadows_and_pastures (* 3 %) );; line 19266 (wfb::land_use cambodia forest_and_woodland (* 76 %) );; line 19268 (wfb::land_use cambodia other (* 4 %) );; line 19270 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land cambodia date_1989 );; line 19274 (wfb::irrigated_land cambodia (* 920 sq_km) );; line 19274 (wfb::environment cambodia current_issues "logging activities throughout the country and strip mining for gems in the western region along the border with Thailand are resulting in habitat loss and declining biodiversity (in particular, destruction of mangrove swamps threatens natural fisheries)" );; line 19279 (wfb::environment cambodia current_issues "deforestation" );; line 19279 (wfb::environment cambodia current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 19279 (wfb::environment cambodia current_issues "in rural areas, a majority of the population does not have access to potable water" );; line 19279 (wfb::environment cambodia natural_hazards "monsoonal rains (June to November)" );; line 19285 (wfb::environment cambodia natural_hazards "flooding" );; line 19285 (wfb::environment cambodia natural_hazards "occasional droughts" );; line 19285 (wfb::environment cambodia international_agreements "party to - Marine Life Conservation, Ship Pollution" );; line 19287 (wfb::environment cambodia international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping" );; line 19287 (wfb::note cambodia "a land of paddies and forests dominated by the Mekong River and Tonle Sap" );; line 19293 (wfb::estimation-date population cambodia date_jul_1995 );; line 19300 (wfb::population cambodia 10561373 );; line 19300 (wfb::age_structure cambodia 0-14_years (* 46 %) );; line 19305 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex cambodia 0-14_years female 2367414 );; line 19305 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex cambodia 0-14_years male 2438104 );; line 19305 (wfb::age_structure cambodia 15-64_years (* 51 %) );; line 19307 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex cambodia 15-64_years female 2932788 );; line 19307 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex cambodia 15-64_years male 2494203 );; line 19307 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure cambodia 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 19309 (wfb::age_structure cambodia 65_years_and_over (* 3 %) );; line 19309 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex cambodia 65_years_and_over female 185337 );; line 19309 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex cambodia 65_years_and_over male 143527 );; line 19309 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate cambodia date_1995 );; line 19313 (wfb::population_growth_rate cambodia (* 2.83 %) );; line 19313 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate cambodia date_1995 );; line 19317 (wfb::birth_rate cambodia (* 44.42 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 19317 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate cambodia date_1995 );; line 19321 (wfb::death_rate cambodia (* 16.16 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 19321 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate cambodia date_1995 );; line 19325 (wfb::net_migration_rate cambodia (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 19325 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate cambodia date_1995 );; line 19329 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate cambodia (* 109.6 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 19329 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth cambodia total_population (* 49.46 years) );; line 19334 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth cambodia male (* 48 years) );; line 19336 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth cambodia female date_1995 );; line 19338 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth cambodia female (* 51 years) );; line 19338 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate cambodia date_1995 );; line 19342 (wfb::total_fertility_rate cambodia (* 5.81 children_born/woman) );; line 19342 (wfb::nationality cambodia noun "Cambodian(s)" );; line 19347 (wfb::nationality cambodia adjective "Cambodian" );; line 19349 (wfb::ethnic-entity cambodia khmer (* 90 %) );; line 19353 (wfb::ethnic-entity cambodia vietnamese (* 5 %) );; line 19353 (wfb::ethnic-entity cambodia chinese (* 1 %) );; line 19353 (wfb::religion cambodia theravada_buddhism (* 95 %) );; line 19357 (wfb::language cambodia khmer-language-group n/a );; line 19361 (wfb::comment language cambodia khmer-language-group "official" );; line 19361 (wfb::language cambodia french n/a );; line 19361 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition cambodia date_1990 );; line 19365 (wfb::literacy-condition cambodia "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 19365 (wfb::literacy cambodia total_population (* 35 %) );; line 19367 (wfb::literacy cambodia male (* 48 %) );; line 19369 (wfb::literacy cambodia female (* 22 %) );; line 19371 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force cambodia by_occupation date_1988 );; line 19377 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1988 );; line 19377 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation cambodia agriculture (* 80 %) );; line 19377 (wfb::names cambodia conventional_long_form "Kingdom of Cambodia" );; line 19383 (wfb::names cambodia conventional_short_form "Cambodia" );; line 19385 (wfb::names cambodia local_long_form "Reacheanachak Kampuchea" );; line 19387 (wfb::names cambodia local_short_form "Kampuchea" );; line 19389 (wfb::digraph cambodia "CB" );; line 19393 (wfb::type cambodia "multiparty liberal democracy under a constitutional monarchy established in September 1993" );; line 19397 (wfb::capital cambodia phnom_penh-cambodia );; line 19402 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_cambodia_provinces "provinces" "khet" "khet" );; line 19406 (wfb::administrative_divisions cambodia adm_div_cambodia_provinces 21 );; line 19406 (wfb::administrative_division_of cambodia adm_div_cambodia_provinces "Banteay Meanchey" );; line 19406 (wfb::administrative_division_of cambodia adm_div_cambodia_provinces "Batdambang" );; line 19406 (wfb::administrative_division_of cambodia adm_div_cambodia_provinces "Kampong Cham" );; line 19406 (wfb::administrative_division_of cambodia adm_div_cambodia_provinces "Kampong Chhnang" );; line 19406 (wfb::administrative_division_of cambodia adm_div_cambodia_provinces "Kampong Spoe" );; line 19406 (wfb::administrative_division_of cambodia adm_div_cambodia_provinces "Kampong Thum" );; line 19406 (wfb::administrative_division_of cambodia adm_div_cambodia_provinces "Kampot" );; line 19406 (wfb::administrative_division_of cambodia adm_div_cambodia_provinces "Kandal" );; line 19406 (wfb::administrative_division_of cambodia adm_div_cambodia_provinces "Kaoh Kong" );; line 19406 (wfb::administrative_division_of cambodia adm_div_cambodia_provinces "Kracheh" );; line 19406 (wfb::administrative_division_of cambodia adm_div_cambodia_provinces "Mondol Kiri" );; line 19406 (wfb::administrative_division_of cambodia adm_div_cambodia_provinces "Phnum Penh" );; line 19406 (wfb::administrative_division_of cambodia adm_div_cambodia_provinces "Pouthisat" );; line 19406 (wfb::administrative_division_of cambodia adm_div_cambodia_provinces "Preah Vihear" );; line 19406 (wfb::administrative_division_of cambodia adm_div_cambodia_provinces "Prey Veng" );; line 19406 (wfb::administrative_division_of cambodia adm_div_cambodia_provinces "Rotanokiri" );; line 19406 (wfb::administrative_division_of cambodia adm_div_cambodia_provinces "Siemreab-Otdar Meanchey" );; line 19406 (wfb::administrative_division_of cambodia adm_div_cambodia_provinces "Sihanoukville" );; line 19406 (wfb::administrative_division_of cambodia adm_div_cambodia_provinces "Stoeng Treng" );; line 19406 (wfb::administrative_division_of cambodia adm_div_cambodia_provinces "Svay Rieng" );; line 19406 (wfb::administrative_division_of cambodia adm_div_cambodia_provinces "Takev" );; line 19406 (wfb::comment administrative_divisions cambodia "Siemreab-Otdar Meanchey may have been divided into two provinces named Siemreab and Otdar Meanchey" );; line 19412 (wfb::independence cambodia date_9_nov_1949 "France" );; line 19417 (wfb::national_holiday cambodia "Independence Day" date_9_nov_1949 );; line 19421 (wfb::constitution cambodia "promulgated September 1993" );; line 19425 (wfb::legal_system cambodia "currently being defined" );; line 19429 (wfb::comment suffrage cambodia " universal" );; line 19433 (wfb::suffrage cambodia (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 19433 (wfb::executive_branch cambodia chief_of_state "King Norodom SIHANOUK (reinstated 24 September 1993)" n/a );; line 19438 (wfb::executive_branch cambodia head_of_government "power shared between First Prime Minister Prince Norodom RANARIDDH and Second Prime Minister HUN SEN" n/a );; line 19440 (wfb::comment executive_branch cambodia cabinet "elected by the National Assembly" );; line 19443 (wfb::executive_branch cambodia cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 19443 (wfb::judicial_branch cambodia "Supreme Court provided for by the constitution has not yet been established and the future judicial system is yet to be defined by law" );; line 19454 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders cambodia "National United Front for an Independent, Neutral, Peaceful, and Cooperative Cambodia (FUNCINPEC), Prince NORODOM RANARIDDH; Cambodian Pracheachon Party or Cambodian People's Party (CPP), CHEA SIM; Buddhist Liberal Democratic Party, SON SANN; Democratic Kampuchea (DK, also known as the Khmer Rouge), KHIEU SAMPHAN; Molinaka, PROM NEAKAREACH" );; line 19459 (wfb::member_of cambodia acct );; line 19467 (wfb::member_of cambodia asdb );; line 19467 (wfb::member_of cambodia cp );; line 19467 (wfb::member_of cambodia escap );; line 19467 (wfb::member_of cambodia fao );; line 19467 (wfb::member_of cambodia g-77 );; line 19467 (wfb::member_of cambodia iaea );; line 19467 (wfb::member_of cambodia ibrd );; line 19467 (wfb::member_of cambodia icao );; line 19467 (wfb::member_of cambodia icrm );; line 19467 (wfb::member_of cambodia ida );; line 19467 (wfb::member_of cambodia ifad );; line 19467 (wfb::member_of cambodia ifrcs );; line 19467 (wfb::member_of cambodia ilo );; line 19467 (wfb::member_of cambodia imf );; line 19467 (wfb::member_of cambodia imo );; line 19467 (wfb::member_of cambodia intelsat );; line 19467 (wfb::comment member_of cambodia intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 19467 (wfb::member_of cambodia interpol );; line 19467 (wfb::member_of cambodia itu );; line 19467 (wfb::member_of cambodia nam );; line 19467 (wfb::member_of cambodia pca );; line 19467 (wfb::member_of cambodia un );; line 19467 (wfb::member_of cambodia unctad );; line 19467 (wfb::member_of cambodia unesco );; line 19467 (wfb::member_of cambodia upu );; line 19467 (wfb::member_of cambodia wftu );; line 19467 (wfb::member_of cambodia who );; line 19467 (wfb::member_of cambodia wmo );; line 19467 (wfb::member_of cambodia wto );; line 19467 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us cambodia "Ambassador SISOWATH SIRIRATH represents Cambodia at the United Nations" );; line 19473 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation cambodia chief_of_mission "Ambassador Charles H. TWINING" );; line 19479 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation cambodia embassy "27 EO Street 240, Phnom Penh" );; line 19481 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation cambodia mailing_address "Box P, APO AP 96546" );; line 19483 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation cambodia telephone "[855] (23) 26436, 26438" );; line 19485 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation cambodia fax "[855] (23) 26437" );; line 19487 (wfb::flag cambodia "horizontal band of red separates two equal horizontal bands of blue with a white three-towered temple representing Angkor Wat in the center" );; line 19491 (wfb::overview cambodia "The Cambodian economy - virtually destroyed by decades of war - is slowly recovering. Government leaders are moving toward restoring fiscal and monetary discipline and have established good working relations with international financial institutions. Growth, starting from a low base, has been strong in 1991-94. Despite such positive developments, the reconstruction effort faces many tough challenges because of the persistence of internal political divisions and the related lack of confidence of foreign investors. Rural Cambodia, where 90% of about 9.5 million Khmer live, remains mired in poverty. The almost total lack of basic infrastructure in the countryside will hinder development and will contribute to a growing imbalance in growth between urban and rural areas over the near term. Moreover, the government's lack of experience in administering economic and technical assistance programs and rampant corruption among officials will slow the growth of critical public sector investment. Inflation for 1994 as a whole was less than a quarter of the 1992 rate and was declining during the year." );; line 19498 (wfb::estimation-date national_product cambodia date_1994 );; line 19516 (wfb::national_product cambodia (* 6.4e9 $) );; line 19516 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate cambodia date_1994 );; line 19520 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate cambodia (* 5 %) );; line 19520 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita cambodia date_1994 );; line 19524 (wfb::national_product_per_capita cambodia (* 630 $) );; line 19524 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| cambodia "26%-30% (1994 est.)" );; line 19528 (wfb::unemployment_rate cambodia (* n/a %) );; line 19532 (wfb::budget cambodia revenues (* 190e6 $) );; line 19537 (wfb::estimation-date budget cambodia date_1994 );; line 19539 (wfb::budget cambodia expenditures (* 365e6 $) );; line 19539 (wfb::budget cambodia capital_expenditures (* 120e6 $) );; line 19539 (wfb::exports cambodia (* 283.6e6 $) );; line 19544 (wfb::exports cambodia commodities timber-commodity n/a );; line 19546 (wfb::exports cambodia commodities rubber n/a );; line 19546 (wfb::exports cambodia commodities soybeans n/a );; line 19546 (wfb::exports cambodia commodities sesame n/a );; line 19546 (wfb::exports cambodia partners singapore n/a );; line 19548 (wfb::exports cambodia partners japan n/a );; line 19548 (wfb::exports cambodia partners thailand n/a );; line 19548 (wfb::exports cambodia partners hong_kong n/a );; line 19548 (wfb::exports cambodia partners indonesia n/a );; line 19548 (wfb::exports cambodia partners malaysia n/a );; line 19548 (wfb::imports cambodia (* 479.3e6 $) );; line 19552 (wfb::imports cambodia commodities cigarettes-commodity n/a );; line 19554 (wfb::imports cambodia commodities construction_materials n/a );; line 19554 (wfb::imports cambodia commodities petroleum_products-commodity n/a );; line 19554 (wfb::imports cambodia commodities machinery n/a );; line 19554 (wfb::imports cambodia partners singapore n/a );; line 19556 (wfb::imports cambodia partners vietnam n/a );; line 19556 (wfb::imports cambodia partners japan n/a );; line 19556 (wfb::imports cambodia partners australia n/a );; line 19556 (wfb::imports cambodia partners hong_kong n/a );; line 19556 (wfb::imports cambodia partners indonesia n/a );; line 19556 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt cambodia date_1993 );; line 19560 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 19564 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production cambodia date_1993 );; line 19564 (wfb::industrial_production cambodia growth_rate (* 7.9 %) );; line 19564 (wfb::industrial_production cambodia accounts_for (* 8 %_of_gdp) );; line 19564 (wfb::electricity cambodia capacity (* 40000 kw) );; line 19569 (wfb::electricity cambodia production (* 160e6 kwh) );; line 19571 (wfb::measurement-date electricity cambodia consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 19573 (wfb::electricity cambodia consumption_per_capita (* 14 kwh) );; line 19573 (wfb::industry cambodia rice_milling );; line 19577 (wfb::industry cambodia fishing-industry );; line 19577 (wfb::industry cambodia wood_and_wood_products );; line 19577 (wfb::industry cambodia rubber-industry );; line 19577 (wfb::industry cambodia cement );; line 19577 (wfb::industry cambodia gem_mining );; line 19577 (wfb::agriculture cambodia "mainly subsistence farming except for rubber plantations; main crops - rice, rubber, corn; food shortages - rice, meat, vegetables, dairy products, sugar, flour" );; line 19582 (wfb::illicit_drugs cambodia "increasingly used as a transshipment country for heroin produced in the Golden Triangle; growing money-laundering center; high-level narcotics-related corruption in government; possible small-scale heroin production; large producer of cannibis" );; line 19588 (wfb::economic_aid cambodia recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $725 million; Western (non-US countries) (1970-89), $300 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $1.8 billion; donor countries and multilateral institutions pledged $880 million in assistance in 1992; IMF pledged $120 million in aid for 1995-98" );; line 19596 (wfb::abbreviation new_riel "CR" );; line 19603 (wfb::currency cambodia new_riel 100 sen );; line 19603 (wfb::exchange_rates cambodia "riels (CR) per US$1 - 2,470 (December 1993), 2,800 (September 1992), 500 (December 1991), 560 (1990), 159.00 (1988), 100.00 (1987)" );; line 19607 (wfb::fiscal_year cambodia date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 19612 (wfb::railroads cambodia total "655 km" );; line 19618 (wfb::railroads cambodia narrow_gauge "655 km 1.000-m gauge" );; line 19620 (wfb::comment highways cambodia total "some roads in serious disrepair" );; line 19625 (wfb::highways cambodia bituminous (* 3000 km) );; line 19627 (wfb::highways cambodia (union crushed_stone gravel or_improved_earth ) (* 3100 km) );; line 19629 (wfb::highways cambodia unimproved_earth (* 28000 km) );; line 19629 (wfb::inland_waterways cambodia "3,700 km navigable all year to craft drawing 0.6 meters; 282 km navigable to craft drawing 1.8 meters" );; line 19634 (wfb::port cambodia kampong_saom-cambodia );; line 19639 (wfb::comment port cambodia kampong_saom-cambodia "Sihanoukville" );; line 19639 (wfb::port cambodia kampot-cambodia );; line 19639 (wfb::port cambodia krong_kaoh_kong-cambodia );; line 19639 (wfb::port cambodia phnom_penh-cambodia );; line 19639 (wfb::merchant_marine cambodia "none" );; line 19643 (wfb::airports cambodia total 22 );; line 19648 (wfb::airports cambodia |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 2 );; line 19650 (wfb::airports cambodia |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 2 );; line 19652 (wfb::airports cambodia |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 3 );; line 19654 (wfb::airports cambodia with_paved_runways_under_914_m 2 );; line 19656 (wfb::airports cambodia |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 3 );; line 19658 (wfb::airports cambodia |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 10 );; line 19660 (wfb::telephone_system cambodia "NA telephones; service barely adequate for government requirements and virtually nonexistent for general public" );; line 19665 (wfb::telephone_system cambodia local "NA" );; line 19668 (wfb::telephone_system cambodia intercity "NA" );; line 19670 (wfb::telephone_system cambodia international "international service limited to Vietnam and other adjacent countries" );; line 19672 (wfb::radio cambodia broadcast_stations am 1 );; line 19678 (wfb::radio cambodia broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 19678 (wfb::radio cambodia broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 19678 (wfb::radio cambodia radios n/a );; line 19680 (wfb::television cambodia broadcast_stations 1 );; line 19685 (wfb::television cambodia televisions n/a );; line 19687 (wfb::manpower_availability cambodia "males age 15-49 2,255,050; males fit for military service 1,256,632; males reach military age (18) annually 70,707 (1995 est.)" );; line 19702 (wfb::estimation-date defense_expenditures cambodia date_1995 );; line 19707 (wfb::defense_expenditures cambodia (* 85e6 $) );; line 19707 (wfb::defense_expenditures cambodia (* 1.4 %_of_gdp) );; line 19707 (wfb::markup-parameter figure cameroon "graphno=\"cm.tif\"" );; line 19713 (wfb::location cameroon "Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Equatorial Guinea and Nigeria" );; line 19717 (wfb::map_references cameroon "Africa" );; line 19722 (wfb::area cameroon total_area (* 475440 sq_km) );; line 19727 (wfb::area cameroon land_area (* 469440 sq_km) );; line 19729 (wfb::area cameroon comparative_area "slightly larger than California" );; line 19731 (wfb::borders cameroon total (* 4591 km) );; line 19735 (wfb::borders cameroon central_african_republic (* 797 km) );; line 19735 (wfb::borders cameroon chad (* 1094 km) );; line 19735 (wfb::borders cameroon congo (* 523 km) );; line 19735 (wfb::borders cameroon equatorial_guinea (* 189 km) );; line 19735 (wfb::borders cameroon gabon (* 298 km) );; line 19735 (wfb::borders cameroon nigeria (* 1690 km) );; line 19735 (wfb::coastline cameroon (* 402 km) );; line 19740 (wfb::maritime_claims cameroon territorial_sea (* 50 nm) );; line 19745 (wfb::international_disputes cameroon "demarcation of international boundaries in Lake Chad, the lack of which led to border incidents in the past, is completed and awaits ratification by Cameroon, Chad, Niger, and Nigeria" );; line 19749 (wfb::international_disputes cameroon "dispute with Nigeria over land and maritime boundaries in the vicinity of the Bakasi Peninsula has been referred to the International Court of Justice" );; line 19749 (wfb::climate cameroon "varies with terrain, from tropical along coast to semiarid and hot in north" );; line 19757 (wfb::terrain cameroon "diverse, with coastal plain in southwest, dissected plateau in center, mountains in west, plains in north" );; line 19762 (wfb::natural-resource cameroon petroleum );; line 19767 (wfb::natural-resource cameroon bauxite );; line 19767 (wfb::natural-resource cameroon iron_ore );; line 19767 (wfb::natural-resource cameroon timber );; line 19767 (wfb::natural-resource cameroon hydropower_potential );; line 19767 (wfb::land_use cameroon arable_land (* 13 %) );; line 19772 (wfb::land_use cameroon permanent_crops (* 2 %) );; line 19774 (wfb::land_use cameroon meadows_and_pastures (* 18 %) );; line 19776 (wfb::land_use cameroon forest_and_woodland (* 54 %) );; line 19778 (wfb::land_use cameroon other (* 13 %) );; line 19780 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land cameroon date_1989 );; line 19784 (wfb::irrigated_land cameroon (* 280 sq_km) );; line 19784 (wfb::environment cameroon current_issues "water-borne diseases are prevalent" );; line 19789 (wfb::environment cameroon current_issues "deforestation" );; line 19789 (wfb::environment cameroon current_issues "overgrazing" );; line 19789 (wfb::environment cameroon current_issues "desertification" );; line 19789 (wfb::environment cameroon current_issues "poaching" );; line 19789 (wfb::environment cameroon current_issues "overfishing" );; line 19789 (wfb::environment cameroon natural_hazards "recent volcanic activity with release of poisonous gases" );; line 19792 (wfb::environment cameroon international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Tropical Timber 83" );; line 19794 (wfb::environment cameroon international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Desertification, Nuclear Test Ban, Tropical Timber 94" );; line 19794 (wfb::note cameroon "sometimes referred to as the hinge of Africa" );; line 19800 (wfb::estimation-date population cameroon date_jul_1995 );; line 19806 (wfb::population cameroon 13.521e6 );; line 19806 (wfb::age_structure cameroon 0-14_years (* 44 %) );; line 19811 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex cameroon 0-14_years female 2978216 );; line 19811 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex cameroon 0-14_years male 3001487 );; line 19811 (wfb::age_structure cameroon 15-64_years (* 52 %) );; line 19813 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex cameroon 15-64_years female 3562247 );; line 19813 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex cameroon 15-64_years male 3523100 );; line 19813 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure cameroon 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 19815 (wfb::age_structure cameroon 65_years_and_over (* 4 %) );; line 19815 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex cameroon 65_years_and_over female 248314 );; line 19815 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex cameroon 65_years_and_over male 207636 );; line 19815 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate cameroon date_1995 );; line 19819 (wfb::population_growth_rate cameroon (* 2.92 %) );; line 19819 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate cameroon date_1995 );; line 19823 (wfb::birth_rate cameroon (* 40.42 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 19823 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate cameroon date_1995 );; line 19827 (wfb::death_rate cameroon (* 11.19 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 19827 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate cameroon date_1995 );; line 19831 (wfb::net_migration_rate cameroon (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 19831 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate cameroon date_1995 );; line 19835 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate cameroon (* 75.4 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 19835 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth cameroon total_population (* 57.48 years) );; line 19840 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth cameroon male (* 55.41 years) );; line 19842 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth cameroon female date_1995 );; line 19844 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth cameroon female (* 59.6 years) );; line 19844 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate cameroon date_1995 );; line 19848 (wfb::total_fertility_rate cameroon (* 5.8 children_born/woman) );; line 19848 (wfb::nationality cameroon noun "Cameroonian(s)" );; line 19853 (wfb::nationality cameroon adjective "Cameroonian" );; line 19855 (wfb::ethnic-entity cameroon cameroon_highlanders (* 31 %) );; line 19859 (wfb::ethnic-entity cameroon equatorial_bantu (* 19 %) );; line 19859 (wfb::ethnic-entity cameroon kirdi (* 11 %) );; line 19859 (wfb::ethnic-entity cameroon fulani (* 10 %) );; line 19859 (wfb::ethnic-entity cameroon northwestern_bantu (* 8 %) );; line 19859 (wfb::ethnic-entity cameroon eastern_nigritic (* 7 %) );; line 19859 (wfb::ethnic-entity cameroon non-african_less_than (* 1 %) );; line 19859 (wfb::religion cameroon indigenous_beliefs (* 51 %) );; line 19865 (wfb::religion cameroon christian (* 33 %) );; line 19865 (wfb::religion cameroon muslim (* 16 %) );; line 19865 (wfb::language cameroon english n/a );; line 19869 (wfb::comment language cameroon english "official" );; line 19869 (wfb::language cameroon french n/a );; line 19869 (wfb::comment language cameroon french "official" );; line 19869 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition cameroon date_1987 );; line 19874 (wfb::literacy-condition cameroon "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 19874 (wfb::literacy cameroon total_population (* 55 %) );; line 19876 (wfb::literacy cameroon male (* 66 %) );; line 19878 (wfb::literacy cameroon female (* 45 %) );; line 19880 (wfb::total_labor_force cameroon n/a );; line 19884 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force cameroon by_occupation date_1983 );; line 19886 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1983 );; line 19886 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation cameroon agriculture (* 74.4 %) );; line 19886 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation cameroon industry_and_transport (* 11.4 %) );; line 19886 (wfb::names cameroon conventional_long_form "Republic of Cameroon" );; line 19893 (wfb::names cameroon conventional_short_form "Cameroon" );; line 19895 (wfb::names cameroon former "French Cameroon" );; line 19897 (wfb::digraph cameroon "CM" );; line 19901 (wfb::type cameroon "unitary republic; multiparty presidential regime (opposition parties legalized 1990)" );; line 19905 (wfb::capital cameroon yaounde-cameroon );; line 19910 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_cameroon_provinces "provinces" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 19914 (wfb::administrative_divisions cameroon adm_div_cameroon_provinces 10 );; line 19914 (wfb::administrative_division_of cameroon adm_div_cameroon_provinces "Adamaoua" );; line 19914 (wfb::administrative_division_of cameroon adm_div_cameroon_provinces "Centre" );; line 19914 (wfb::administrative_division_of cameroon adm_div_cameroon_provinces "Est" );; line 19914 (wfb::administrative_division_of cameroon adm_div_cameroon_provinces "Extreme-Nord" );; line 19914 (wfb::administrative_division_of cameroon adm_div_cameroon_provinces "Littoral" );; line 19914 (wfb::administrative_division_of cameroon adm_div_cameroon_provinces "Nord" );; line 19914 (wfb::administrative_division_of cameroon adm_div_cameroon_provinces "Nord-Ouest" );; line 19914 (wfb::administrative_division_of cameroon adm_div_cameroon_provinces "Ouest" );; line 19914 (wfb::administrative_division_of cameroon adm_div_cameroon_provinces "Sud" );; line 19914 (wfb::administrative_division_of cameroon adm_div_cameroon_provinces "Sud-Ouest" );; line 19914 (wfb::independence cameroon date_1_jan_1960 "UN trusteeship under French administration" );; line 19919 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1972 );; line 19923 (wfb::comment national_holiday cameroon "1972" );; line 19923 (wfb::national_holiday cameroon "National Day" date_20_may );; line 19923 (wfb::constitution cameroon "20 May 1972" );; line 19927 (wfb::legal_system cameroon "based on French civil law system, with common law influence; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 19931 (wfb::comment suffrage cameroon " universal" );; line 19936 (wfb::suffrage cameroon (* 20 years_of_age) );; line 19936 (wfb::comment executive_branch cameroon chief_of_state "election last held 11 October 1992" );; line 19941 (wfb::comment executive_branch cameroon chief_of_state "results - President Paul BIYA reelected with about 40% of the vote amid widespread allegations of fraud" );; line 19941 (wfb::comment executive_branch cameroon chief_of_state "SDF candidate John FRU NDI got 36% of the vote" );; line 19941 (wfb::comment executive_branch cameroon chief_of_state "UNDP candidate Bello Bouba MAIGARI got 19% of the vote" );; line 19941 (wfb::executive_branch cameroon chief_of_state "President Paul BIYA " date_6_nov_1982 );; line 19941 (wfb::executive_branch cameroon head_of_government "Prime Minister Simon ACHIDI ACHU " date_9_apr_1992 );; line 19946 (wfb::comment executive_branch cameroon cabinet "appointed by the president" );; line 19948 (wfb::executive_branch cameroon cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 19948 (wfb::legislative_structure cameroon unicameral n/a );; line 19952 (wfb::legislative_branch cameroon "National Assembly (Assemblee Nationale)" "elections last held 1 March 1992 (next scheduled for March 1997); results - (180 seats) CPDM 88, UNDP 68, UPC 18, MDR 6" );; line 19954 (wfb::judicial_branch cameroon "Supreme Court" );; line 19959 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders cameroon "Cameroon People's Democratic Movement (CPDM), Paul BIYA, president, is government-controlled and was formerly the only party, but opposition parties were legalized in 1990" );; line 19963 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders cameroon major_opposition_parties "National Union for Democracy and Progress (UNDP); Social Democratic Front (SDF); Cameroonian Democratic Union (UDC); Union of Cameroonian Populations (UPC); Movement for the Defense of the Republic (MDR)" );; line 19967 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups cameroon "Alliance for Change (FAC), Cameroon Anglophone Movement (CAM)" );; line 19973 (wfb::member_of cameroon acct );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon acp );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon afdb );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon bdeac );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon ccc );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon ceeac );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon eca );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon fao );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon fz );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon g-19 );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon g-77 );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon gatt );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon iaea );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon ibrd );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon icao );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon icc );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon icftu );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon icrm );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon ida );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon idb );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon ifad );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon ifc );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon ifrcs );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon ilo );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon imf );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon imo );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon inmarsat );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon intelsat );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon interpol );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon ioc );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon itu );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon nam );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon oau );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon oic );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon pca );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon udeac );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon un );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon unctad );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon unesco );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon unido );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon upu );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon wcl );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon wftu );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon who );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon wipo );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon wmo );; line 19977 (wfb::member_of cameroon wto );; line 19977 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us cameroon chief_of_mission "Ambassador Jerome MENDOUGA" );; line 19985 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us cameroon chancery "2349 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 19987 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us cameroon telephone "[1] (202) 265-8790 through 8794" );; line 19989 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation cameroon chief_of_mission "Ambassador Harriet W. ISOM" );; line 19994 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation cameroon embassy "Rue Nachtigal, Yaounde" );; line 19996 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation cameroon mailing_address "B. P. 817, Yaounde" );; line 19998 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation cameroon telephone "[237] 23-40-14" );; line 20000 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation cameroon fax "[237] 23-07-53" );; line 20002 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation cameroon |consulate(s)| "none (Douala closed September 1993)" );; line 20004 (wfb::flag cameroon "three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), red, and yellow with a yellow five-pointed star centered in the red band; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia" );; line 20008 (wfb::overview cameroon "Because of its offshore oil resources and favorable agricultural conditions, Cameroon has one of the best-endowed, most diversified primary commodity economies in sub-Saharan Africa. Still, it faces many of the serious problems facing other underdeveloped countries, such as political instability, a top-heavy civil service, and a generally unfavorable climate for business enterprise. The development of the oil sector led rapid economic growth between 1970 and 1985. Growth came to an abrupt halt in 1986, precipitated by steep declines in the prices of major exports: coffee, cocoa, and petroleum. Export earnings were cut by almost one-third, and inefficiencies in fiscal management were exposed. In 1990-93, with support from the IMF and World Bank, the government began to introduce reforms designed to spur business investment, increase efficiency in agriculture, and recapitalize the nation's banks. Political instability, following suspect elections in 1992, brought IMF/WB structural adjustment to a halt. Although the 50% devaluation of the currency in January 1994 improved the potential for export growth, mismanagement remains and is the main barrier to economic improvement." );; line 20015 (wfb::estimation-date national_product cameroon date_1994 );; line 20034 (wfb::national_product cameroon (* 15.7e9 $) );; line 20034 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate cameroon date_1994 );; line 20038 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate cameroon (* -2.9 %) );; line 20038 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita cameroon date_1994 );; line 20042 (wfb::national_product_per_capita cameroon (* 1200 $) );; line 20042 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| cameroon "-0.8% (FY91/92)" );; line 20046 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate cameroon date_1990 );; line 20050 (wfb::unemployment_rate cameroon (* 25 %) );; line 20050 (wfb::budget cameroon revenues (* 1.6e9 $) );; line 20055 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year budget cameroon 92 );; line 20057 (wfb::budget cameroon expenditures (* 2.3e9 $) );; line 20057 (wfb::budget cameroon capital_expenditures (* 226e6 $) );; line 20057 (wfb::exports cameroon (* 1.6e9 $) );; line 20062 (wfb::exports cameroon commodities petroleum_products-commodity n/a );; line 20064 (wfb::exports cameroon commodities lumber-commodity n/a );; line 20064 (wfb::exports cameroon commodities cocoa_beans n/a );; line 20064 (wfb::exports cameroon commodities aluminum n/a );; line 20064 (wfb::exports cameroon commodities coffee n/a );; line 20064 (wfb::exports cameroon commodities cotton n/a );; line 20064 (wfb::exports cameroon partners |EC (particularly France) about| (* 40 %) );; line 20066 (wfb::exports cameroon partners african_countries n/a );; line 20066 (wfb::exports cameroon partners us n/a );; line 20066 (wfb::imports cameroon (* 1.96e9 $) );; line 20070 (wfb::imports cameroon commodities machines_and_electrical_equipment n/a );; line 20072 (wfb::imports cameroon commodities food n/a );; line 20072 (wfb::imports cameroon commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 20072 (wfb::imports cameroon commodities transport_equipment n/a );; line 20072 (wfb::comment imports cameroon "France 38%, Germany 9%" );; line 20075 (wfb::imports cameroon partners ec_about (* 60 %) );; line 20075 (wfb::imports cameroon partners (union african_countries japan us ) (* 5 %) );; line 20075 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt cameroon date_1991 );; line 20080 (wfb::external_debt cameroon (* 6e9 $) );; line 20080 (wfb::for-fiscal-year industrial_production 90 );; line 20084 (wfb::for-fiscal-year industrial_production cameroon 90 );; line 20084 (wfb::industrial_production cameroon growth_rate (* -2.1 %) );; line 20084 (wfb::electricity cameroon capacity (* 630000 kw) );; line 20089 (wfb::electricity cameroon production (* 2.7e9 kwh) );; line 20091 (wfb::measurement-date electricity cameroon consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 20093 (wfb::electricity cameroon consumption_per_capita (* 196 kwh) );; line 20093 (wfb::industry cameroon petroleum_production_and_refining );; line 20097 (wfb::industry cameroon food_processing );; line 20097 (wfb::industry cameroon light_consumer_goods-industry );; line 20097 (wfb::industry cameroon textiles );; line 20097 (wfb::industry cameroon lumber );; line 20097 (wfb::agriculture cameroon "the agriculture and forestry sectors provide employment for the majority of the population, contributing about 25% to GDP and providing a high degree of self-sufficiency in staple foods; commercial and food crops include coffee, cocoa, timber, cotton, rubber, bananas, oilseed, grains, livestock, root starches" );; line 20102 (wfb::economic_aid cameroon recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-90), $479 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-90), $4.75 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $29 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $125 million" );; line 20111 (wfb::abbreviation cfa_franc "CFAF" );; line 20118 (wfb::currency cameroon cfa_franc 100 centimes );; line 20118 (wfb::exchange_rates cameroon "Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (CFAF) per US$1 - 529.43 (January 1995), 555.20 (1994), 283.16 (1993), 264.69 (1992), 282.11 (1991), 272.26 (1990)" );; line 20122 (wfb::comment exchange_rates cameroon "beginning 12 January 1994, the CFA franc was devalued to CFAF 100 per French franc from CFAF 50 at which it had been fixed since 1948" );; line 20126 (wfb::fiscal_year cameroon date_1_jul date_30_jun );; line 20131 (wfb::railroads cameroon total "1,111 km" );; line 20137 (wfb::railroads cameroon narrow_gauge "1,111 km 1.000-m gauge" );; line 20139 (wfb::highways cameroon total (* 65000 km) );; line 20144 (wfb::highways cameroon paved (* 2682 km) );; line 20146 (wfb::highways cameroon (union gravel improved_earth ) (* 32318 km) );; line 20148 (wfb::highways cameroon unimproved_earth (* 30000 km) );; line 20148 (wfb::inland_waterways cameroon "2,090 km; of decreasing importance" );; line 20152 (wfb::port cameroon bonaberi-cameroon );; line 20156 (wfb::port cameroon douala-cameroon );; line 20156 (wfb::port cameroon garoua-cameroon );; line 20156 (wfb::port cameroon kribi-cameroon );; line 20156 (wfb::port cameroon tiko-cameroon );; line 20156 (wfb::merchant_marine cameroon total "2 cargo ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 24,122 GRT/33,509 DWT" );; line 20161 (wfb::airports cameroon total 60 );; line 20166 (wfb::airports cameroon |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 2 );; line 20168 (wfb::airports cameroon |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 4 );; line 20170 (wfb::airports cameroon |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 3 );; line 20172 (wfb::airports cameroon |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 20174 (wfb::airports cameroon with_paved_runways_under_914_m 20 );; line 20176 (wfb::airports cameroon |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 9 );; line 20178 (wfb::airports cameroon |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 21 );; line 20180 (wfb::telephone_system cameroon "26,000 telephones; telephone density - 2 telephones/1,000 persons; available only to business and government" );; line 20185 (wfb::telephone_system cameroon local "NA" );; line 20188 (wfb::telephone_system cameroon intercity "cable, microwave radio relay, and troposcatter" );; line 20190 (wfb::telephone_system cameroon international "2 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth stations" );; line 20192 (wfb::radio cameroon broadcast_stations am 11 );; line 20197 (wfb::radio cameroon broadcast_stations fm 11 );; line 20197 (wfb::radio cameroon broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 20197 (wfb::radio cameroon radios n/a );; line 20199 (wfb::television cameroon broadcast_stations 1 );; line 20204 (wfb::television cameroon televisions n/a );; line 20206 (wfb::defense_branch cameroon army_cameroon );; line 20212 (wfb::comment defense_branch cameroon navy_cameroon "includes Naval Infantry" );; line 20212 (wfb::defense_branch cameroon navy_cameroon );; line 20212 (wfb::defense_branch cameroon air_force_cameroon );; line 20212 (wfb::defense_branch cameroon national_gendarmerie_cameroon );; line 20212 (wfb::defense_branch cameroon presidential_guard_cameroon );; line 20212 (wfb::manpower_availability cameroon "males age 15-49 3,038,007; males fit for military service 1,532,303; males reach military age (18) annually 147,293 (1995 est.)" );; line 20217 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures cameroon date_1994 );; line 20222 (wfb::defense_expenditures cameroon (* 102e6 $) );; line 20222 (wfb::defense_expenditures cameroon (* n/a %_of_gdp) );; line 20222 (wfb::markup-parameter figure canada "graphno=\"ca.tif\"" );; line 20228 (wfb::location canada "Northern North America, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean and North Pacific Ocean, north of the conterminous US" );; line 20232 (wfb::map_references canada "North America" );; line 20237 (wfb::area canada total_area (* 9976140 sq_km) );; line 20242 (wfb::area canada land_area (* 9220970 sq_km) );; line 20244 (wfb::area canada comparative_area "slightly larger than US" );; line 20246 (wfb::comment land_boundaries canada "includes 2,477 km with Alaska" );; line 20250 (wfb::borders canada total (* 8893 km) );; line 20250 (wfb::borders canada us (* 8893 km) );; line 20250 (wfb::coastline canada (* 243791 km) );; line 20254 (wfb::maritime_claims canada exclusive_fishing_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 20261 (wfb::maritime_claims canada territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 20263 (wfb::international_disputes canada "maritime boundary disputes with the US" );; line 20267 (wfb::international_disputes canada "Saint Pierre and Miquelon is focus of maritime boundary dispute between Canada and France" );; line 20267 (wfb::climate canada "varies from temperate in south to subarctic and arctic in north" );; line 20272 (wfb::terrain canada "mostly plains with mountains in west and lowlands in southeast" );; line 20276 (wfb::natural-resource canada nickel );; line 20280 (wfb::natural-resource canada zinc );; line 20280 (wfb::natural-resource canada copper );; line 20280 (wfb::natural-resource canada gold );; line 20280 (wfb::natural-resource canada lead );; line 20280 (wfb::natural-resource canada molybdenum );; line 20280 (wfb::natural-resource canada potash );; line 20280 (wfb::natural-resource canada silver );; line 20280 (wfb::natural-resource canada fish );; line 20280 (wfb::natural-resource canada timber );; line 20280 (wfb::natural-resource canada wildlife );; line 20280 (wfb::natural-resource canada coal );; line 20280 (wfb::natural-resource canada petroleum );; line 20280 (wfb::natural-resource canada natural_gas );; line 20280 (wfb::land_use canada arable_land (* 5 %) );; line 20286 (wfb::land_use canada permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 20288 (wfb::land_use canada meadows_and_pastures (* 3 %) );; line 20290 (wfb::land_use canada forest_and_woodland (* 35 %) );; line 20292 (wfb::land_use canada other (* 57 %) );; line 20294 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land canada date_1989 );; line 20298 (wfb::irrigated_land canada (* 8400 sq_km) );; line 20298 (wfb::environment canada current_issues "air pollution and resulting acid rain severely affecting lakes and damaging forests" );; line 20303 (wfb::environment canada current_issues "metal smelting, coal-burning utilities, and vehicle emissions impacting on agricultural and forest productivity" );; line 20303 (wfb::environment canada current_issues "ocean waters becoming contaminated due to agricultural, industrial, mining, and forestry activities" );; line 20303 (wfb::environment canada natural_hazards "continuous permafrost in north is a serious obstacle to development" );; line 20308 (wfb::environment canada natural_hazards "cyclonic storms form east of the Rocky Mountains, a result of the mixing of air masses from the Arctic, Pacific, and American interior, and produce most of the country's rain and snow" );; line 20308 (wfb::environment canada international_agreements "party to - Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands" );; line 20313 (wfb::environment canada international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Desertification, Law of the Sea" );; line 20313 (wfb::note canada "second-largest country in world (after Russia); strategic location between Russia and US via north polar route; nearly 90% of the population is concentrated in the region near the US/Canada border" );; line 20322 (wfb::estimation-date population canada date_jul_1995 );; line 20330 (wfb::population canada 28434545 );; line 20330 (wfb::age_structure canada 0-14_years (* 21 %) );; line 20335 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex canada 0-14_years female 2874705 );; line 20335 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex canada 0-14_years male 3016050 );; line 20335 (wfb::age_structure canada 15-64_years (* 67 %) );; line 20337 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex canada 15-64_years female 9529272 );; line 20337 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex canada 15-64_years male 9531107 );; line 20337 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure canada 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 20339 (wfb::age_structure canada 65_years_and_over (* 12 %) );; line 20339 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex canada 65_years_and_over female 2022324 );; line 20339 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex canada 65_years_and_over male 1461087 );; line 20339 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate canada date_1995 );; line 20343 (wfb::population_growth_rate canada (* 1.09 %) );; line 20343 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate canada date_1995 );; line 20347 (wfb::birth_rate canada (* 13.74 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 20347 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate canada date_1995 );; line 20351 (wfb::death_rate canada (* 7.43 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 20351 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate canada date_1995 );; line 20355 (wfb::net_migration_rate canada (* 4.55 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 20355 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate canada date_1995 );; line 20359 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate canada (* 6.8 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 20359 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth canada total_population (* 78.29 years) );; line 20364 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth canada male (* 74.93 years) );; line 20366 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth canada female date_1995 );; line 20368 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth canada female (* 81.81 years) );; line 20368 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate canada date_1995 );; line 20372 (wfb::total_fertility_rate canada (* 1.83 children_born/woman) );; line 20372 (wfb::nationality canada noun "Canadian(s)" );; line 20377 (wfb::nationality canada adjective "Canadian" );; line 20379 (wfb::ethnic-entity canada british_isles_origin (* 40 %) );; line 20383 (wfb::ethnic-entity canada french_origin (* 27 %) );; line 20383 (wfb::ethnic-entity canada indigenous_indian_and_eskimo (* 1.5 %) );; line 20383 (wfb::religion canada roman_catholic (* 46 %) );; line 20388 (wfb::religion canada united_church (* 16 %) );; line 20388 (wfb::religion canada anglican (* 10 %) );; line 20388 (wfb::language canada english n/a );; line 20392 (wfb::comment language canada english "official" );; line 20392 (wfb::language canada french n/a );; line 20392 (wfb::comment language canada french "official" );; line 20392 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition canada date_1986 );; line 20396 (wfb::literacy-condition canada "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 20396 (wfb::literacy canada total_population (* 97 %) );; line 20398 (wfb::total_labor_force canada 13.38e6 );; line 20402 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force canada by_occupation date_1988 );; line 20404 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1988 );; line 20404 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation canada services (* 75 %) );; line 20404 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation canada manufacturing (* 14 %) );; line 20404 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation canada agriculture (* 4 %) );; line 20404 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation canada construction (* 3 %) );; line 20404 (wfb::names canada conventional_short_form "Canada" );; line 20413 (wfb::digraph canada "CA" );; line 20417 (wfb::type canada "confederation with parliamentary democracy" );; line 20421 (wfb::capital canada ottawa-canada );; line 20425 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_canada_provinces "provinces" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 20429 (wfb::administrative_divisions canada adm_div_canada_provinces 10 );; line 20429 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_canada_territories "territories" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 20429 (wfb::administrative_divisions canada adm_div_canada_territories 2 );; line 20429 (wfb::administrative_division_of canada adm_div_canada_provinces "Alberta" );; line 20429 (wfb::administrative_division_of canada adm_div_canada_provinces "British Columbia" );; line 20429 (wfb::administrative_division_of canada adm_div_canada_provinces "Manitoba" );; line 20429 (wfb::administrative_division_of canada adm_div_canada_provinces "New Brunswick" );; line 20429 (wfb::administrative_division_of canada adm_div_canada_provinces "Newfoundland" );; line 20429 (wfb::administrative_division_of canada adm_div_canada_territories "Northwest Territories" );; line 20429 (wfb::administrative_division_of canada adm_div_canada_provinces "Nova Scotia" );; line 20429 (wfb::administrative_division_of canada adm_div_canada_provinces "Ontario" );; line 20429 (wfb::administrative_division_of canada adm_div_canada_provinces "Prince Edward Island" );; line 20429 (wfb::administrative_division_of canada adm_div_canada_provinces "Quebec" );; line 20429 (wfb::administrative_division_of canada adm_div_canada_provinces "Saskatchewan" );; line 20429 (wfb::administrative_division_of canada adm_div_canada_territories "Yukon Territory" );; line 20429 (wfb::independence canada date_1_jul_1867 "UK" );; line 20435 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1867 );; line 20439 (wfb::comment national_holiday canada "1867" );; line 20439 (wfb::national_holiday canada "Canada Day" date_1_jul );; line 20439 (wfb::constitution canada "amended British North America Act 1867 patriated to Canada 17 April 1982; charter of rights and unwritten customs" );; line 20443 (wfb::legal_system canada "based on English common law, except in Quebec, where civil law system based on French law prevails; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations" );; line 20448 (wfb::comment suffrage canada " universal" );; line 20454 (wfb::suffrage canada (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 20454 (wfb::comment executive_branch canada head_of_government "Deputy Prime Minister Sheila COPPS" );; line 20462 (wfb::comment executive_branch canada cabinet "chosen by the prime minister from members of his own party sitting in Parliament" );; line 20466 (wfb::executive_branch canada cabinet "Federal Ministry" );; line 20466 (wfb::legislative_structure canada bicameral "Parliament (Parlement)" );; line 20471 (wfb::legislative_branch canada "Senate (Senat)" "consisting of a body whose members are appointed to serve until 75 years of age by the governor general and selected on the advice of the prime minister; its normal limit 104 senators" );; line 20473 (wfb::legislative_branch canada "House of Commons (Chambre des Communes)" "elections last held 25 October 1993 (next to be held by NA October 1998); results - percent of votes by party NA; seats - (295 total) Liberal Party 178, Bloc Quebecois 54, Reform Party 52, New Democratic Party 8, Progressive Conservative Party 2, independents 1" );; line 20477 (wfb::judicial_branch canada "Supreme Court" );; line 20484 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders canada "Liberal Party, Jean CHRETIEN; Bloc Quebecois, Lucien BOUCHARD; Reform Party, Preston MANNING; New Democratic Party, Audrey McLAUGHLIN; Progressive Conservative Party, Jean CHAREST" );; line 20488 (wfb::member_of canada acct );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada afdb );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada ag );; line 20494 (wfb::comment member_of canada ag "observer" );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada apec );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada asdb );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada australia_group );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada bis );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada c );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada ccc );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada cdb );; line 20494 (wfb::comment member_of canada cdb "non-regional" );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada ebrd );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada ece );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada eclac );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada esa );; line 20494 (wfb::comment member_of canada esa "cooperating state" );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada fao );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada g-_7 );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada g-_8 );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada g-10 );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada gatt );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada iadb );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada iaea );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada ibrd );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada icao );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada icc );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada icftu );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada icrm );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada ida );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada iea );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada ifad );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada ifc );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada ifrcs );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada ilo );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada imf );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada imo );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada inmarsat );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada intelsat );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada interpol );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada ioc );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada iom );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada iso );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada itu );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada minurso );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada mtcr );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada nacc );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada nam );; line 20494 (wfb::comment member_of canada nam "guest" );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada nato );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada nea );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada nsg );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada oas );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada oecd );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada onusal );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada osce );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada pca );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada un );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada unamir );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada unctad );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada undof );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada unesco );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada unficyp );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada unhcr );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada unido );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada unikom );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada unitar );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada unomoz );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada unosom );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada unprofor );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada untso );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada unu );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada upu );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada wcl );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada wftu );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada who );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada wipo );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada wmo );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada wto );; line 20494 (wfb::member_of canada zc );; line 20494 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us canada chief_of_mission "Ambassador Raymond A.J. CHRETIEN" );; line 20506 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us canada chancery "501 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20001" );; line 20508 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us canada telephone "[1] (202) 682-1740" );; line 20510 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us canada fax "[1] (202) 682-7726" );; line 20512 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us canada |consulate(s) general| "Atlanta, Boston, Buffalo, Chicago, Dallas, Detroit, Los Angeles, Minneapolis, New York, and Seattle" );; line 20514 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us canada |consulate(s)| "Cincinnati, Cleveland, Miami, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Princeton, San Diego, San Francisco, San Jose, and San Juan (Puerto Rico)" );; line 20517 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation canada chief_of_mission "Ambassador James Johnston BLANCHARD" );; line 20523 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation canada embassy "100 Wellington Street, K1P 5T1, Ottawa" );; line 20525 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation canada mailing_address "P. O. Box 5000, Ogdensburg, NY 13669-0430" );; line 20527 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation canada telephone "[1] (613) 238-5335, 4470" );; line 20529 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation canada fax "[1] (613) 238-5720" );; line 20531 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation canada |consulate(s) general| "Calgary, Halifax, Montreal, Quebec, Toronto, and Vancouver" );; line 20533 (wfb::flag canada "three vertical bands of red (hoist side), white (double width, square), and red with a red maple leaf centered in the white band" );; line 20537 (wfb::overview canada "As an affluent, high-tech industrial society, Canada today closely resembles the US in per capita output, market-oriented economic system, and pattern of production. Since World War II the impressive growth of the manufacturing, mining, and service sectors has transformed the nation from a largely rural economy into one primarily industrial and urban. In the 1980s, Canada registered one of the highest rates of real growth among the OECD nations, averaging about 3.2%. With its great natural resources, skilled labor force, and modern capital plant, Canada has excellent economic prospects, although the country still faces high unemployment and a growing debt. Moreover, the continuing constitutional impasse between English- and French-speaking areas has observers discussing a possible split in the confederation; foreign investors have become edgy." );; line 20543 (wfb::estimation-date national_product canada date_1994 );; line 20558 (wfb::national_product canada (* 639.8e9 $) );; line 20558 (wfb::measurement-date national_product_real_growth_rate canada date_1994 );; line 20562 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate canada (* 4.5 %) );; line 20562 (wfb::measurement-date national_product_per_capita canada date_1994 );; line 20566 (wfb::national_product_per_capita canada (* 22760 $) );; line 20566 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| canada "0.2% (1994)" );; line 20570 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate canada date_dec_1994 );; line 20574 (wfb::unemployment_rate canada (* 9.6 %) );; line 20574 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year budget canada 93 );; line 20581 (wfb::budget canada expenditures (* 115.3e9 $) );; line 20581 (wfb::budget canada capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 20581 (wfb::exports canada (* 164.3e9 $) );; line 20586 (wfb::exports canada commodities newsprint n/a );; line 20588 (wfb::exports canada commodities wood_pulp n/a );; line 20588 (wfb::exports canada commodities timber-commodity n/a );; line 20588 (wfb::exports canada commodities crude_petroleum n/a );; line 20588 (wfb::exports canada commodities machinery n/a );; line 20588 (wfb::exports canada commodities natural_gas-commodity n/a );; line 20588 (wfb::exports canada commodities aluminum n/a );; line 20588 (wfb::exports canada commodities motor_vehicles_and_parts n/a );; line 20588 (wfb::exports canada commodities telecommunications_equipment n/a );; line 20588 (wfb::exports canada partners us n/a );; line 20591 (wfb::exports canada partners japan n/a );; line 20591 (wfb::exports canada partners uk n/a );; line 20591 (wfb::exports canada partners germany n/a );; line 20591 (wfb::exports canada partners south_korea n/a );; line 20591 (wfb::exports canada partners netherlands n/a );; line 20591 (wfb::exports canada partners china n/a );; line 20591 (wfb::imports canada (* 151.5e9 $) );; line 20595 (wfb::imports canada commodities crude_oil n/a );; line 20597 (wfb::imports canada commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 20597 (wfb::imports canada commodities motor_vehicles_and_parts n/a );; line 20597 (wfb::imports canada commodities durable_consumer_goods n/a );; line 20597 (wfb::imports canada commodities electronic_computers n/a );; line 20597 (wfb::imports canada commodities telecommunications_equipment_and_parts n/a );; line 20597 (wfb::imports canada partners us n/a );; line 20600 (wfb::imports canada partners japan n/a );; line 20600 (wfb::imports canada partners uk n/a );; line 20600 (wfb::imports canada partners germany n/a );; line 20600 (wfb::imports canada partners france n/a );; line 20600 (wfb::imports canada partners mexico n/a );; line 20600 (wfb::imports canada partners taiwan n/a );; line 20600 (wfb::imports canada partners south_korea n/a );; line 20600 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt canada date_1993 );; line 20604 (wfb::external_debt canada (* 243e9 $) );; line 20604 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 20608 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production canada date_1993 );; line 20608 (wfb::industrial_production canada growth_rate (* 4.8 %) );; line 20608 (wfb::electricity canada capacity (* 108090000 kw) );; line 20613 (wfb::electricity canada production (* 511e9 kwh) );; line 20615 (wfb::measurement-date electricity canada consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 20617 (wfb::electricity canada consumption_per_capita (* 16133 kwh) );; line 20617 (wfb::industry canada processed_and_unprocessed_minerals );; line 20621 (wfb::industry canada food_products-industry );; line 20621 (wfb::industry canada wood_and_paper_products );; line 20621 (wfb::industry canada transportation_equipment-industry );; line 20621 (wfb::industry canada chemicals );; line 20621 (wfb::industry canada fish_products-industry );; line 20621 (wfb::industry canada petroleum_and_natural_gas );; line 20621 (wfb::agriculture canada "accounts for about 3% of GDP; one of the world's major producers and exporters of grain (wheat and barley); key source of US agricultural imports; large forest resources cover 35% of total land area; commercial fisheries provide annual catch of 1.5 million metric tons, of which 75% is exported" );; line 20627 (wfb::illicit_drugs canada "illicit producer of cannabis for the domestic drug market; use of hydroponics technology permits growers to plant large quantities of high-quality marijuana indoors; growing role as a transit point for heroin and cocaine entering the US market" );; line 20635 (wfb::economic_aid canada donor "ODA and OOF commitments (1970-89), $7.2 billion" );; line 20643 (wfb::abbreviation canadian_dollar "Can$" );; line 20647 (wfb::currency canada canadian_dollar 100 cents );; line 20647 (wfb::exchange_rates canada "Canadian dollars (Can$) per US$1 - 1.4129 (January 1995), 1.3656 (1994), 1.2901 (1993), 1.2087 (1992), 1.1457 (1991), 1.1668 (1990)" );; line 20651 (wfb::fiscal_year canada date_1_apr date_31_mar );; line 20656 (wfb::railroads canada total "78,148 km; note - there are two major transcontinental freight railway systems: Canadian National (government owned) and Canadian Pacific Railway; passenger service provided by VIA (government operated)" );; line 20662 (wfb::railroads canada standard_gauge "78,148 km 1.435-m gauge (185 km electrified) (1994)" );; line 20666 (wfb::highways canada total (* 849404 km) );; line 20671 (wfb::comment highways canada paved "15,983 km of expressways" );; line 20673 (wfb::measurement-date highways canada date_1991 );; line 20675 (wfb::comment highways canada unpaved "1991" );; line 20675 (wfb::measurement-date highways canada unpaved gravel date_1991 );; line 20675 (wfb::highways canada gravel (* 595712 km) );; line 20675 (wfb::inland_waterways canada "3,000 km, including Saint Lawrence Seaway" );; line 20679 (wfb::pipelines crude_and_refined_oil (* 23564 km) );; line 20683 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 74980 km) );; line 20683 (wfb::port canada becancour-canada );; line 20687 (wfb::port canada churchill-canada );; line 20687 (wfb::port canada halifax-canada );; line 20687 (wfb::port canada montreal-canada );; line 20687 (wfb::port canada new_westminister-canada );; line 20687 (wfb::port canada prince_rupert-canada );; line 20687 (wfb::port canada quebec-canada );; line 20687 (wfb::port canada saint_john-canada );; line 20687 (wfb::comment port canada saint_john-canada "New Brunswick" );; line 20687 (wfb::port canada |Saint John's-canada| );; line 20687 (wfb::comment port canada |Saint John's-canada| "Newfoundland" );; line 20687 (wfb::port canada seven_islands-canada );; line 20687 (wfb::port canada sydney-canada );; line 20687 (wfb::port canada three_rivers-canada );; line 20687 (wfb::port canada toronto-canada );; line 20687 (wfb::port canada vancouver-canada );; line 20687 (wfb::port canada windsor-canada );; line 20687 (wfb::merchant_marine canada total "71 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 617,010 GRT/878,819 DWT" );; line 20694 (wfb::merchant_marine canada ships_by_type "bulk 17, cargo 10, chemical tanker 5, oil tanker 23, passenger 1, passenger-cargo 1, railcar carrier 2, roll-on/roll-off cargo 7, short-sea passenger 3, specialized tanker 2" );; line 20696 (wfb::comment merchant_marine canada "does not include ships used exclusively in the Great Lakes" );; line 20700 (wfb::airports canada total 1386 );; line 20705 (wfb::airports canada |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 17 );; line 20707 (wfb::airports canada |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 16 );; line 20709 (wfb::airports canada |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 147 );; line 20711 (wfb::airports canada |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 234 );; line 20713 (wfb::airports canada with_paved_runways_under_914_m 550 );; line 20715 (wfb::airports canada |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 69 );; line 20717 (wfb::airports canada |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 353 );; line 20719 (wfb::telephone_system canada "18,000,000 telephones; excellent service provided by modern media" );; line 20724 (wfb::telephone_system canada local "NA" );; line 20726 (wfb::telephone_system canada intercity "about 300 earth stations for domestic satellite communications" );; line 20728 (wfb::telephone_system canada international "5 coaxial submarine cables; 5 INTELSAT earth stations (4 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Pacific Ocean)" );; line 20730 (wfb::radio canada broadcast_stations am 900 );; line 20736 (wfb::radio canada broadcast_stations fm 29 );; line 20736 (wfb::radio canada broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 20736 (wfb::radio canada radios n/a );; line 20738 (wfb::comment television canada broadcast_stations "repeaters 1,400" );; line 20743 (wfb::television canada broadcast_stations 53 );; line 20743 (wfb::television canada televisions n/a );; line 20745 (wfb::comment defense_branch canada canadian_armed_forces_canada "includes Land Forces Command or LC, Maritime Command or MC, Air Command or AC, Communications Command or CC, Training Command or TC" );; line 20751 (wfb::defense_branch canada canadian_armed_forces_canada );; line 20751 (wfb::comment defense_branch canada royal_canadian_mounted_police_canada "RCMP" );; line 20751 (wfb::defense_branch canada royal_canadian_mounted_police_canada );; line 20751 (wfb::manpower_availability canada "males age 15-49 7,570,877; males fit for military service 6,522,092; males reach military age (17) annually 151,590 (1995 est.)" );; line 20757 (wfb::for-fiscal-year defense_expenditures canada 95 );; line 20762 (wfb::defense_expenditures canada (* 9.0e9 $) );; line 20762 (wfb::defense_expenditures canada (* 1.6 %_of_gdp) );; line 20762 (wfb::markup-parameter figure cape_verde "graphno=\"cv.tif\"" );; line 20768 (wfb::location cape_verde "Western Africa, group of Islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, west of Senegal" );; line 20772 (wfb::map_references cape_verde "World" );; line 20777 (wfb::area cape_verde total_area (* 4030 sq_km) );; line 20782 (wfb::area cape_verde land_area (* 4030 sq_km) );; line 20784 (wfb::area cape_verde comparative_area "slightly larger than Rhode Island" );; line 20786 (wfb::coastline cape_verde (* 965 km) );; line 20794 (wfb::maritime_claims cape_verde exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 20800 (wfb::maritime_claims cape_verde territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 20802 (wfb::international_disputes cape_verde "none" );; line 20806 (wfb::climate cape_verde "temperate" );; line 20810 (wfb::climate cape_verde "warm, dry, summer" );; line 20810 (wfb::climate cape_verde "precipitation very erratic" );; line 20810 (wfb::terrain cape_verde "steep, rugged, rocky, volcanic" );; line 20814 (wfb::natural-resource cape_verde salt );; line 20818 (wfb::natural-resource cape_verde basalt_rock );; line 20818 (wfb::natural-resource cape_verde pozzolana );; line 20818 (wfb::natural-resource cape_verde limestone );; line 20818 (wfb::natural-resource cape_verde kaolin );; line 20818 (wfb::natural-resource cape_verde fish );; line 20818 (wfb::land_use cape_verde arable_land (* 9 %) );; line 20823 (wfb::land_use cape_verde permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 20825 (wfb::land_use cape_verde meadows_and_pastures (* 6 %) );; line 20827 (wfb::land_use cape_verde forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 20829 (wfb::land_use cape_verde other (* 85 %) );; line 20831 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land cape_verde date_1989 );; line 20835 (wfb::irrigated_land cape_verde (* 20 sq_km) );; line 20835 (wfb::environment cape_verde current_issues "overgrazing of livestock and improper land use such as the cultivation of crops on steep slopes has led to soil erosion" );; line 20840 (wfb::environment cape_verde current_issues "demand for wood used as fuel has resulted in deforestation" );; line 20840 (wfb::environment cape_verde current_issues "desertification" );; line 20840 (wfb::environment cape_verde current_issues "environmental damage has threatened several indigenous species of birds and reptiles" );; line 20840 (wfb::environment cape_verde current_issues "overfishing" );; line 20840 (wfb::environment cape_verde natural_hazards "prolonged droughts" );; line 20846 (wfb::environment cape_verde natural_hazards "harmattan wind can obscure visibility" );; line 20846 (wfb::environment cape_verde natural_hazards "volcanically and seismically active" );; line 20846 (wfb::environment cape_verde international_agreements "party to - Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban" );; line 20849 (wfb::environment cape_verde international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification" );; line 20849 (wfb::note cape_verde "strategic location 500 km from west coast of Africa near major north-south sea routes; important communications station; important sea and air refueling site" );; line 20855 (wfb::estimation-date population cape_verde date_jul_1995 );; line 20863 (wfb::population cape_verde 435983 );; line 20863 (wfb::age_structure cape_verde 0-14_years (* 50 %) );; line 20868 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex cape_verde 0-14_years female 106539 );; line 20868 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex cape_verde 0-14_years male 110301 );; line 20868 (wfb::age_structure cape_verde 15-64_years (* 47 %) );; line 20870 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex cape_verde 15-64_years female 114931 );; line 20870 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex cape_verde 15-64_years male 88029 );; line 20870 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure cape_verde 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 20872 (wfb::age_structure cape_verde 65_years_and_over (* 3 %) );; line 20872 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex cape_verde 65_years_and_over female 9781 );; line 20872 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex cape_verde 65_years_and_over male 6402 );; line 20872 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate cape_verde date_1995 );; line 20876 (wfb::population_growth_rate cape_verde (* 2.98 %) );; line 20876 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate cape_verde date_1995 );; line 20880 (wfb::birth_rate cape_verde (* 45.32 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 20880 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate cape_verde date_1995 );; line 20884 (wfb::death_rate cape_verde (* 8.65 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 20884 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate cape_verde date_1995 );; line 20888 (wfb::net_migration_rate cape_verde (* -6.88 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 20888 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate cape_verde date_1995 );; line 20892 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate cape_verde (* 55.9 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 20892 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth cape_verde total_population (* 63.01 years) );; line 20897 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth cape_verde male (* 61.1 years) );; line 20899 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth cape_verde female date_1995 );; line 20901 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth cape_verde female (* 65.01 years) );; line 20901 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate cape_verde date_1995 );; line 20905 (wfb::total_fertility_rate cape_verde (* 6.23 children_born/woman) );; line 20905 (wfb::nationality cape_verde noun "Cape Verdean(s)" );; line 20910 (wfb::nationality cape_verde adjective "Cape Verdean" );; line 20912 (wfb::ethnic-entity cape_verde |Creole (mulatto)| (* 71 %) );; line 20916 (wfb::ethnic-entity cape_verde african (* 28 %) );; line 20916 (wfb::ethnic-entity cape_verde european (* 1 %) );; line 20916 (wfb::religion cape_verde roman_catholicism_fused_with_indigenous_beliefs n/a );; line 20920 (wfb::language cape_verde portuguese n/a );; line 20924 (wfb::language cape_verde crioulo n/a );; line 20924 (wfb::language cape_verde a_blend_of_portuguese_and_west_african_words n/a );; line 20924 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition cape_verde date_1990 );; line 20928 (wfb::literacy-condition cape_verde "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 20928 (wfb::literacy cape_verde total_population (* 63 %) );; line 20930 (wfb::literacy cape_verde male (* 75 %) );; line 20932 (wfb::literacy cape_verde female (* 53 %) );; line 20934 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force cape_verde date_1985 );; line 20938 (wfb::total_labor_force cape_verde 102000 );; line 20938 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force cape_verde by_occupation date_1981 );; line 20940 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1981 );; line 20940 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation cape_verde |agriculture (mostly subsistence)| (* 57 %) );; line 20940 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation cape_verde services (* 29 %) );; line 20940 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation cape_verde industry (* 14 %) );; line 20940 (wfb::names cape_verde conventional_long_form "Republic of Cape Verde" );; line 20947 (wfb::names cape_verde conventional_short_form "Cape Verde" );; line 20949 (wfb::names cape_verde local_long_form "Republica de Cabo Verde" );; line 20951 (wfb::names cape_verde local_short_form "Cabo Verde" );; line 20953 (wfb::digraph cape_verde "CV" );; line 20957 (wfb::type cape_verde "republic" );; line 20961 (wfb::capital cape_verde praia-cape_verde );; line 20965 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_cape_verde_districts "districts" "concelhos" "concelho" );; line 20969 (wfb::administrative_divisions cape_verde adm_div_cape_verde_districts 14 );; line 20969 (wfb::administrative_division_of cape_verde adm_div_cape_verde_districts "Boa Vista" );; line 20969 (wfb::administrative_division_of cape_verde adm_div_cape_verde_districts "Brava" );; line 20969 (wfb::administrative_division_of cape_verde adm_div_cape_verde_districts "Fogo" );; line 20969 (wfb::administrative_division_of cape_verde adm_div_cape_verde_districts "Maio" );; line 20969 (wfb::administrative_division_of cape_verde adm_div_cape_verde_districts "Paul" );; line 20969 (wfb::administrative_division_of cape_verde adm_div_cape_verde_districts "Praia" );; line 20969 (wfb::administrative_division_of cape_verde adm_div_cape_verde_districts "Porto Novo" );; line 20969 (wfb::administrative_division_of cape_verde adm_div_cape_verde_districts "Ribeira Grande" );; line 20969 (wfb::administrative_division_of cape_verde adm_div_cape_verde_districts "Sal" );; line 20969 (wfb::administrative_division_of cape_verde adm_div_cape_verde_districts "Santa Catarina" );; line 20969 (wfb::administrative_division_of cape_verde adm_div_cape_verde_districts "Santa Cruz" );; line 20969 (wfb::administrative_division_of cape_verde adm_div_cape_verde_districts "Sao Nicolau" );; line 20969 (wfb::administrative_division_of cape_verde adm_div_cape_verde_districts "Sao Vicente" );; line 20969 (wfb::administrative_division_of cape_verde adm_div_cape_verde_districts "Tarrafal" );; line 20969 (wfb::independence cape_verde date_5_jul_1975 "Portugal" );; line 20975 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1975 );; line 20979 (wfb::comment national_holiday cape_verde "1975" );; line 20979 (wfb::national_holiday cape_verde "Independence Day" date_5_jul );; line 20979 (wfb::constitution cape_verde "new constitution came into force 25 September 1992" );; line 20983 (wfb::legal_system cape_verde "NA" );; line 20987 (wfb::comment suffrage cape_verde " universal" );; line 20991 (wfb::suffrage cape_verde (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 20991 (wfb::executive_branch cape_verde head_of_government "Prime Minister Carlos Alberto Wahnon de Carvalho VEIGA " date_13_jan_1991 );; line 21000 (wfb::comment executive_branch cape_verde cabinet "appointed by prime minister from members of the Assembly" );; line 21003 (wfb::executive_branch cape_verde cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 21003 (wfb::legislative_structure cape_verde unicameral n/a );; line 21008 (wfb::legislative_branch cape_verde "People's National Assembly (Assembleia Nacional Popular)" "elections last held 13 January 1991 (next to be held January 1996); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (79 total) MPD 56, PAICV 23; note - the 1991 multiparty Assembly election ended 15 years of single-party rule" );; line 21010 (wfb::judicial_branch cape_verde "Supreme Tribunal of Justice (Supremo Tribunal de Justia)" );; line 21017 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders cape_verde "Movement for Democracy (MPD), Prime Minister Carlos VEIGA, founder and chairman; African Party for Independence of Cape Verde (PAICV), Pedro Verona Rodrigues PIRES, chairman" );; line 21021 (wfb::member_of cape_verde acp );; line 21027 (wfb::member_of cape_verde afdb );; line 21027 (wfb::member_of cape_verde ccc );; line 21027 (wfb::member_of cape_verde eca );; line 21027 (wfb::member_of cape_verde ecowas );; line 21027 (wfb::member_of cape_verde fao );; line 21027 (wfb::member_of cape_verde g-77 );; line 21027 (wfb::member_of cape_verde ibrd );; line 21027 (wfb::member_of cape_verde icao );; line 21027 (wfb::member_of cape_verde icftu );; line 21027 (wfb::member_of cape_verde icrm );; line 21027 (wfb::member_of cape_verde ida );; line 21027 (wfb::member_of cape_verde ifad );; line 21027 (wfb::member_of cape_verde ifc );; line 21027 (wfb::member_of cape_verde ifrcs );; line 21027 (wfb::member_of cape_verde ilo );; line 21027 (wfb::member_of cape_verde imf );; line 21027 (wfb::member_of cape_verde imo );; line 21027 (wfb::member_of cape_verde intelsat );; line 21027 (wfb::member_of cape_verde interpol );; line 21027 (wfb::member_of cape_verde ioc );; line 21027 (wfb::member_of cape_verde iom );; line 21027 (wfb::comment member_of cape_verde iom "observer" );; line 21027 (wfb::member_of cape_verde itu );; line 21027 (wfb::member_of cape_verde nam );; line 21027 (wfb::member_of cape_verde oau );; line 21027 (wfb::member_of cape_verde un );; line 21027 (wfb::comment member_of cape_verde un "Cape Verde assumed a nonpermanent seat on the Security Council on 1 January 1992" );; line 21027 (wfb::member_of cape_verde unctad );; line 21027 (wfb::member_of cape_verde unesco );; line 21027 (wfb::member_of cape_verde unido );; line 21027 (wfb::member_of cape_verde unomoz );; line 21027 (wfb::member_of cape_verde upu );; line 21027 (wfb::member_of cape_verde wcl );; line 21027 (wfb::member_of cape_verde who );; line 21027 (wfb::member_of cape_verde wmo );; line 21027 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us cape_verde chief_of_mission "(vacant); Charge d'Affaires Jose Eduardo BARBOSA (since 12 February 1994)" );; line 21036 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us cape_verde chancery "3415 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20007" );; line 21039 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us cape_verde telephone "[1] (202) 965-6820" );; line 21041 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us cape_verde fax "[1] (202) 965-1207" );; line 21043 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us cape_verde |consulate(s) general| "Boston" );; line 21045 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation cape_verde chief_of_mission "Ambassador Joseph M. SEGARS" );; line 21050 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation cape_verde embassy "Rua Abilio Macedo 81, Praia" );; line 21052 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation cape_verde mailing_address "C. P. 201, Praia" );; line 21054 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation cape_verde telephone "[238] 61 56 16" );; line 21056 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation cape_verde fax "[238] 61 13 55" );; line 21058 (wfb::flag cape_verde "three horozontal bands of light blue (top, double width), white (with a horozontal red stripe in the middle third), and light blue; a circle of 10 yellow five-pointed stars is centered on the hoist end of the red stripe and extends into the upper and lower blue bands" );; line 21062 (wfb::overview cape_verde "Cape Verde's low per capita GDP reflects a poor natural resource base, serious water shortages exacerbated by cycles of long-term drought, and a high birthrate. The economy is service oriented, with commerce, transport, and public services accounting for 60% of GDP. Although nearly 70% of the population lives in rural areas, agriculture's share of GDP is only 20%; the fishing sector accounts for 4%. About 90% of food must be imported. The fishing potential, mostly lobster and tuna, is not fully exploited. Cape Verde annually runs a high trade deficit, financed by remittances from emigrants and foreign aid, which form important supplements to GDP. Economic reforms, launched by the new democratic government in 1991, are aimed at developing the private sector and attracting foreign investment to diversify the economy. Prospects for 1995 depend heavily on the maintenance of aid flows, remittances, and the momentum of the government's development program." );; line 21070 (wfb::estimation-date national_product cape_verde date_1993 );; line 21086 (wfb::national_product cape_verde (* 410e6 $) );; line 21086 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate cape_verde date_1992 );; line 21090 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate cape_verde (* 3.5 %) );; line 21090 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita cape_verde date_1993 );; line 21094 (wfb::national_product_per_capita cape_verde (* 1000 $) );; line 21094 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| cape_verde "7% (1992)" );; line 21098 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate cape_verde date_1990 );; line 21102 (wfb::unemployment_rate cape_verde (* 26 %) );; line 21102 (wfb::budget cape_verde revenues (* 174e6 $) );; line 21107 (wfb::estimation-date budget cape_verde date_1993 );; line 21109 (wfb::budget cape_verde expenditures (* 235e6 $) );; line 21109 (wfb::budget cape_verde capital_expenditures (* 165e6 $) );; line 21109 (wfb::exports cape_verde (* 4.4e6 $) );; line 21114 (wfb::exports cape_verde commodities fish-commodity n/a );; line 21116 (wfb::exports cape_verde commodities bananas n/a );; line 21116 (wfb::exports cape_verde commodities hides_and_skins n/a );; line 21116 (wfb::exports cape_verde partners netherlands n/a );; line 21118 (wfb::exports cape_verde partners portugal n/a );; line 21118 (wfb::exports cape_verde partners angola n/a );; line 21118 (wfb::imports cape_verde (* 173e6 $) );; line 21122 (wfb::imports cape_verde commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 21124 (wfb::imports cape_verde commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 21124 (wfb::imports cape_verde commodities industrial_products n/a );; line 21124 (wfb::imports cape_verde commodities transport_equipment n/a );; line 21124 (wfb::imports cape_verde partners portugal n/a );; line 21127 (wfb::imports cape_verde partners netherlands n/a );; line 21127 (wfb::imports cape_verde partners germany n/a );; line 21127 (wfb::imports cape_verde partners spain n/a );; line 21127 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt cape_verde date_1991 );; line 21131 (wfb::external_debt cape_verde (* 156e6 $) );; line 21131 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1990 );; line 21135 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production cape_verde date_1990 );; line 21135 (wfb::industrial_production cape_verde growth_rate (* 3.6 %) );; line 21135 (wfb::industrial_production cape_verde accounts_for (* 8 %_of_gdp) );; line 21135 (wfb::electricity cape_verde capacity (* 15000 kw) );; line 21140 (wfb::electricity cape_verde production (* 40e6 kwh) );; line 21142 (wfb::measurement-date electricity cape_verde consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 21144 (wfb::electricity cape_verde consumption_per_capita (* 73 kwh) );; line 21144 (wfb::industry cape_verde fish_processing );; line 21148 (wfb::industry cape_verde salt_mining );; line 21148 (wfb::industry cape_verde garment_industry );; line 21148 (wfb::industry cape_verde ship_repair );; line 21148 (wfb::industry cape_verde construction_materials-industry );; line 21148 (wfb::industry cape_verde food_and_beverage_production );; line 21148 (wfb::agriculture cape_verde "accounts for 20% of GDP (including fishing); largely subsistence farming; bananas are the only export crop; other crops - corn, beans, sweet potatoes, coffee; growth potential of agricultural sector limited by poor soils and scanty rainfall; annual food imports required; fish catch provides for both domestic consumption and small exports" );; line 21153 (wfb::illicit_drugs cape_verde "increasingly used as a transshipment point for illicit drugs moving from Latin America and Africa destined for Western Europe" );; line 21161 (wfb::economic_aid cape_verde recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY75-90), $93 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-90), $586 million; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $12 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $36 million" );; line 21167 (wfb::abbreviation cape_verdean_escudo "CVEsc" );; line 21174 (wfb::currency cape_verde cape_verdean_escudo 100 centavos );; line 21174 (wfb::exchange_rates cape_verde "Cape Verdean escudos (CVEsc) per US$1 - 85.537 (1st Quarter 1994), 80.427 (1993), 68.018 (1992), 71.408 (1991), 70.031 (1990)" );; line 21178 (wfb::fiscal_year cape_verde date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 21183 (wfb::railroads cape_verde "0 km" );; line 21188 (wfb::measurement-date highways cape_verde date_1992 );; line 21193 (wfb::highways cape_verde paved (* 680 km) );; line 21195 (wfb::highways cape_verde unpaved (* 420 km) );; line 21197 (wfb::port cape_verde mindelo-cape_verde );; line 21201 (wfb::port cape_verde praia-cape_verde );; line 21201 (wfb::port cape_verde tarrafal-cape_verde );; line 21201 (wfb::merchant_marine cape_verde total "7 (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 11,609 GRT/19,052 DWT" );; line 21206 (wfb::merchant_marine cape_verde total "cargo 6, chemical tanker 1" );; line 21207 (wfb::airports cape_verde total 6 );; line 21212 (wfb::airports cape_verde |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 21214 (wfb::airports cape_verde |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 5 );; line 21216 (wfb::telephone_system cape_verde "over 1,700 telephones; telephine density - about 4 telephones/1,000 persons" );; line 21221 (wfb::telephone_system cape_verde local "NA" );; line 21224 (wfb::telephone_system cape_verde intercity "interisland microwave radio relay system, high frequency radio links to Senegal and Guinea-Bissau" );; line 21226 (wfb::telephone_system cape_verde international "2 coaxial submarine cables; 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth station" );; line 21229 (wfb::radio cape_verde broadcast_stations am 1 );; line 21235 (wfb::radio cape_verde broadcast_stations fm 6 );; line 21235 (wfb::radio cape_verde broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 21235 (wfb::radio cape_verde radios n/a );; line 21237 (wfb::television cape_verde broadcast_stations 1 );; line 21242 (wfb::television cape_verde televisions n/a );; line 21244 (wfb::comment defense_branch cape_verde |People's Revolutionary Armed Forces_cape_verde| "FARP; includes Army and Navy" );; line 21250 (wfb::defense_branch cape_verde |People's Revolutionary Armed Forces_cape_verde| );; line 21250 (wfb::defense_branch cape_verde security_service_cape_verde );; line 21250 (wfb::manpower_availability cape_verde "males age 15-49 80,867; males fit for military service 47,225 (1995 est.)" );; line 21255 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures cape_verde date_1994 );; line 21260 (wfb::defense_expenditures cape_verde (* 3.4e6 $) );; line 21260 (wfb::defense_expenditures cape_verde (* n/a %_of_gdp) );; line 21260 (wfb::markup-parameter figure cayman_island "graphno=\"cj.tif\"" );; line 21266 (wfb::header cayman_island "(dependent territory of the UK)" );; line 21266 (wfb::location cayman_island "Caribbean, island group in Caribbean Sea, nearly one-half of the way from Cuba to Honduras" );; line 21271 (wfb::map_references cayman_island "Central America and the Caribbean" );; line 21276 (wfb::area cayman_island total_area (* 260 sq_km) );; line 21281 (wfb::area cayman_island land_area (* 260 sq_km) );; line 21283 (wfb::area cayman_island comparative_area "slightly less than 1.5 times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 21285 (wfb::coastline cayman_island (* 160 km) );; line 21293 (wfb::maritime_claims cayman_island exclusive_fishing_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 21298 (wfb::maritime_claims cayman_island territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 21300 (wfb::international_disputes cayman_island "none" );; line 21304 (wfb::climate cayman_island "tropical marine" );; line 21308 (wfb::climate cayman_island "warm, rainy summers (May to October) and cool, relatively dry winters (November to April)" );; line 21308 (wfb::terrain cayman_island "low-lying limestone base surrounded by coral reefs" );; line 21313 (wfb::natural-resource cayman_island fish );; line 21317 (wfb::natural-resource cayman_island climate_and_beaches_that_foster_tourism );; line 21317 (wfb::land_use cayman_island arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 21322 (wfb::land_use cayman_island permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 21324 (wfb::land_use cayman_island meadows_and_pastures (* 8 %) );; line 21326 (wfb::land_use cayman_island forest_and_woodland (* 23 %) );; line 21328 (wfb::land_use cayman_island other (* 69 %) );; line 21330 (wfb::irrigated_land cayman_island (* n/a sq_km) );; line 21334 (wfb::environment cayman_island current_issues "no natural fresh water resources, drinking water supplies must be met by rainwater catchment" );; line 21339 (wfb::environment cayman_island natural_hazards "hurricanes (July to November)" );; line 21342 (wfb::environment cayman_island international_agreements "NA" );; line 21344 (wfb::note cayman_island "important location between Cuba and Central America" );; line 21348 (wfb::estimation-date population cayman_island date_jul_1995 );; line 21354 (wfb::population cayman_island 33192 );; line 21354 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate cayman_island date_1995 );; line 21367 (wfb::population_growth_rate cayman_island (* 4.3 %) );; line 21367 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate cayman_island date_1995 );; line 21371 (wfb::birth_rate cayman_island (* 14.79 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 21371 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate cayman_island date_1995 );; line 21375 (wfb::death_rate cayman_island (* 4.98 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 21375 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate cayman_island date_1995 );; line 21379 (wfb::net_migration_rate cayman_island (* 33.2 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 21379 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate cayman_island date_1995 );; line 21383 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate cayman_island (* 8.4 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 21383 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth cayman_island total_population (* 77.1 years) );; line 21388 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth cayman_island male (* 75.37 years) );; line 21390 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth cayman_island female date_1995 );; line 21392 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth cayman_island female (* 78.81 years) );; line 21392 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate cayman_island date_1995 );; line 21396 (wfb::total_fertility_rate cayman_island (* 1.43 children_born/woman) );; line 21396 (wfb::nationality cayman_island noun "Caymanian(s)" );; line 21401 (wfb::nationality cayman_island adjective "Caymanian" );; line 21403 (wfb::ethnic-entity cayman_island mixed (* 40 %) );; line 21407 (wfb::ethnic-entity cayman_island white (* 20 %) );; line 21407 (wfb::ethnic-entity cayman_island black (* 20 %) );; line 21407 (wfb::ethnic-entity cayman_island expatriates_of_various_ethnic_groups (* 20 %) );; line 21407 (wfb::religion cayman_island united_church n/a );; line 21412 (wfb::religion cayman_island anglican n/a );; line 21412 (wfb::religion cayman_island baptist n/a );; line 21412 (wfb::religion cayman_island roman_catholic n/a );; line 21412 (wfb::religion cayman_island church_of_god n/a );; line 21412 (wfb::language cayman_island english n/a );; line 21417 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition cayman_island date_1970 );; line 21421 (wfb::literacy-condition cayman_island "age 15 and over has ever attended school" );; line 21421 (wfb::literacy cayman_island total_population (* 98 %) );; line 21423 (wfb::literacy cayman_island male (* 98 %) );; line 21425 (wfb::literacy cayman_island female (* 98 %) );; line 21427 (wfb::total_labor_force cayman_island 8061 );; line 21431 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force cayman_island by_occupation date_1979 );; line 21433 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1979 );; line 21433 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation cayman_island service_workers (* 18.7 %) );; line 21433 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation cayman_island clerical (* 18.6 %) );; line 21433 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation cayman_island construction (* 12.5 %) );; line 21433 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation cayman_island finance_and_investment (* 6.7 %) );; line 21433 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation cayman_island directors_and_business_managers (* 5.9 %) );; line 21433 (wfb::names cayman_island conventional_short_form "Cayman Islands" );; line 21442 (wfb::digraph cayman_island "CJ" );; line 21446 (wfb::type cayman_island "dependent territory of the UK" );; line 21450 (wfb::capital cayman_island george_town-cayman_island );; line 21454 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_cayman_island_districts "districts" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 21458 (wfb::administrative_divisions cayman_island adm_div_cayman_island_districts 8 );; line 21458 (wfb::administrative_division_of cayman_island adm_div_cayman_island_districts "Creek" );; line 21458 (wfb::administrative_division_of cayman_island adm_div_cayman_island_districts "Eastern" );; line 21458 (wfb::administrative_division_of cayman_island adm_div_cayman_island_districts "Midland" );; line 21458 (wfb::administrative_division_of cayman_island adm_div_cayman_island_districts "South Town" );; line 21458 (wfb::administrative_division_of cayman_island adm_div_cayman_island_districts "Spot Bay" );; line 21458 (wfb::administrative_division_of cayman_island adm_div_cayman_island_districts "Stake Bay" );; line 21458 (wfb::administrative_division_of cayman_island adm_div_cayman_island_districts "West End" );; line 21458 (wfb::administrative_division_of cayman_island adm_div_cayman_island_districts "Western" );; line 21458 (wfb::comment independence cayman_island "dependent territory of the UK" );; line 21463 (wfb::constitution cayman_island "1959, revised 1972 and 1992" );; line 21471 (wfb::legal_system cayman_island "British common law and local statutes" );; line 21475 (wfb::comment suffrage cayman_island " universal" );; line 21479 (wfb::suffrage cayman_island (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 21479 (wfb::executive_branch cayman_island chief_of_state "Queen ELIZABETH II " date_6_feb_1952 );; line 21484 (wfb::executive_branch cayman_island head_of_government "Governor and President of the Executive Council Michael GORE " date_15_sep_1992 );; line 21486 (wfb::comment executive_branch cayman_island cabinet "3 members are appointed by the governor, 4 members elected by the Legislative Assembly" );; line 21489 (wfb::executive_branch cayman_island cabinet "Executive Council" );; line 21489 (wfb::legislative_structure cayman_island unicameral n/a );; line 21494 (wfb::legislative_branch cayman_island "Legislative Assembly" "election last held November 1992 (next to be held November 1996); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (15 total, 12 elected)" );; line 21496 (wfb::judicial_branch cayman_island "Grand Court, Cayman Islands Court of Appeal" );; line 21501 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders cayman_island "no formal political parties" );; line 21505 (wfb::member_of cayman_island caricom );; line 21509 (wfb::comment member_of cayman_island caricom "observer" );; line 21509 (wfb::member_of cayman_island cdb );; line 21509 (wfb::member_of cayman_island interpol );; line 21509 (wfb::comment member_of cayman_island interpol "subbureau" );; line 21509 (wfb::member_of cayman_island ioc );; line 21509 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us cayman_island "none (dependent territory of the UK)" );; line 21513 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation cayman_island "none (dependent territory of the UK)" );; line 21517 (wfb::flag cayman_island "blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Caymanian coat of arms on a white disk centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms includes a pineapple and turtle above a shield with three stars (representing the three islands) and a scroll at the bottom bearing the motto HE HATH FOUNDED IT UPON THE SEAS" );; line 21521 (wfb::overview cayman_island "The economy depends heavily on tourism (70% of GDP and 75% of foreign currency earnings) and offshore financial services, with the tourist industry aimed at the luxury market and catering mainly to visitors from North America. About 90% of the islands' food and consumer goods must be imported. The Caymanians enjoy one of the highest outputs per capita and one of the highest standards of living in the world." );; line 21530 (wfb::estimation-date national_product cayman_island date_1993 );; line 21539 (wfb::national_product cayman_island (* 700e6 $) );; line 21539 (wfb::measurement-date national_product_real_growth_rate cayman_island date_1991 );; line 21543 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate cayman_island (* 1.4 %) );; line 21543 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita cayman_island date_1993 );; line 21547 (wfb::national_product_per_capita cayman_island (* 23000 $) );; line 21547 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| cayman_island "2.5% (1993 est.)" );; line 21551 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate cayman_island date_1992 );; line 21555 (wfb::unemployment_rate cayman_island (* 7 %) );; line 21555 (wfb::budget cayman_island revenues (* 141.5e6 $) );; line 21560 (wfb::measurement-date budget cayman_island date_1991 );; line 21562 (wfb::budget cayman_island expenditures (* 160.7e6 $) );; line 21562 (wfb::budget cayman_island capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 21562 (wfb::exports cayman_island (* 10e6 $) );; line 21566 (wfb::exports cayman_island commodities turtle_products n/a );; line 21568 (wfb::exports cayman_island commodities manufactured_consumer_goods n/a );; line 21568 (wfb::imports cayman_island (* 312e6 $) );; line 21574 (wfb::imports cayman_island commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 21576 (wfb::imports cayman_island commodities manufactured_goods n/a );; line 21576 (wfb::imports cayman_island partners us n/a );; line 21578 (wfb::imports cayman_island partners trinidad_and_tobago n/a );; line 21578 (wfb::imports cayman_island partners uk n/a );; line 21578 (wfb::imports cayman_island partners netherlands_antilles n/a );; line 21578 (wfb::imports cayman_island partners japan n/a );; line 21578 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt cayman_island date_1986 );; line 21582 (wfb::external_debt cayman_island (* 15e6 $) );; line 21582 (wfb::industrial_production cayman_island growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 21586 (wfb::electricity cayman_island capacity (* 80000 kw) );; line 21591 (wfb::electricity cayman_island production (* 230e6 kwh) );; line 21593 (wfb::measurement-date electricity cayman_island consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 21595 (wfb::electricity cayman_island consumption_per_capita (* 6899 kwh) );; line 21595 (wfb::industry cayman_island tourism );; line 21599 (wfb::industry cayman_island banking );; line 21599 (wfb::industry cayman_island insurance );; line 21599 (wfb::industry cayman_island finance );; line 21599 (wfb::industry cayman_island construction-industry );; line 21599 (wfb::industry cayman_island building_materials-industry );; line 21599 (wfb::industry cayman_island furniture_making );; line 21599 (wfb::agriculture cayman_island "minor production of vegetables, fruit, livestock; turtle farming" );; line 21604 (wfb::illicit_drugs cayman_island "a major money-laundering center for illicit drug profits; transshipment point for narcotics bound for the US and Europe" );; line 21608 (wfb::economic_aid cayman_island recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $26.7 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $35 million" );; line 21614 (wfb::abbreviation caymanian_dollar "CI$" );; line 21619 (wfb::currency cayman_island caymanian_dollar 100 cents );; line 21619 (wfb::exchange_rates cayman_island "Caymanian dollars (CI$) per US$1 - 0.83 (18 November 1993), 0.85 (22 November 1993)" );; line 21623 (wfb::fiscal_year cayman_island date_1_apr date_31_mar );; line 21628 (wfb::railroads cayman_island "0 km" );; line 21633 (wfb::comment highways cayman_island total "main roads" );; line 21638 (wfb::port cayman_island cayman_brac-cayman_island );; line 21646 (wfb::port cayman_island george_town-cayman_island );; line 21646 (wfb::merchant_marine cayman_island total "26 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 321,434 GRT/583,348 DWT" );; line 21651 (wfb::merchant_marine cayman_island ships_by_type "bulk 7, cargo 6, chemical tanker 2, container 1, oil tanker 3, roll-on/roll-off cargo 7" );; line 21653 (wfb::comment merchant_marine cayman_island "a flag of convenience registry; UK owns 6 ships, India 5, Norway 3, US 3, Greece 1, Sweden 1, UAE 1" );; line 21656 (wfb::airports cayman_island total 3 );; line 21662 (wfb::airports cayman_island |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 2 );; line 21664 (wfb::airports cayman_island |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 21666 (wfb::telephone_system cayman_island "35,000 telephones" );; line 21671 (wfb::telephone_system cayman_island local "NA" );; line 21673 (wfb::telephone_system cayman_island intercity "NA" );; line 21675 (wfb::telephone_system cayman_island international "1 submarine coaxial cable; 1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station" );; line 21677 (wfb::radio cayman_island broadcast_stations am 2 );; line 21683 (wfb::radio cayman_island broadcast_stations fm 1 );; line 21683 (wfb::radio cayman_island broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 21683 (wfb::radio cayman_island radios n/a );; line 21685 (wfb::television cayman_island broadcast_stations 0 );; line 21690 (wfb::television cayman_island televisions n/a );; line 21692 (wfb::comment defense_branch cayman_island royal_cayman_islands_police_force_cayman_island "RCIPF" );; line 21698 (wfb::defense_branch cayman_island royal_cayman_islands_police_force_cayman_island );; line 21698 (wfb::note cayman_island "defense is the responsibility of the UK" );; line 21702 (wfb::markup-parameter figure central_african_republic "graphno=\"ct.tif\"" );; line 21708 (wfb::location central_african_republic "Central Africa, north of Zaire" );; line 21712 (wfb::map_references central_african_republic "Africa" );; line 21716 (wfb::area central_african_republic total_area (* 622980 sq_km) );; line 21721 (wfb::area central_african_republic land_area (* 622980 sq_km) );; line 21723 (wfb::area central_african_republic comparative_area "slightly smaller than Texas" );; line 21725 (wfb::borders central_african_republic total (* 5203 km) );; line 21729 (wfb::borders central_african_republic cameroon (* 797 km) );; line 21729 (wfb::borders central_african_republic chad (* 1197 km) );; line 21729 (wfb::borders central_african_republic congo (* 467 km) );; line 21729 (wfb::borders central_african_republic sudan (* 1165 km) );; line 21729 (wfb::borders central_african_republic zaire (* 1577 km) );; line 21729 (wfb::comment coastline central_african_republic "landlocked" );; line 21734 (wfb::coastline central_african_republic (* 0 km) );; line 21734 (wfb::maritime_claims central_african_republic "none; landlocked" );; line 21738 (wfb::international_disputes central_african_republic "none" );; line 21742 (wfb::climate central_african_republic "tropical" );; line 21746 (wfb::climate central_african_republic "hot, dry winters" );; line 21746 (wfb::climate central_african_republic "mild to hot, wet summers" );; line 21746 (wfb::terrain central_african_republic "vast, flat to rolling, monotonous plateau" );; line 21750 (wfb::terrain central_african_republic "scattered hills in northeast and southwest" );; line 21750 (wfb::natural-resource central_african_republic diamonds );; line 21755 (wfb::natural-resource central_african_republic uranium );; line 21755 (wfb::natural-resource central_african_republic timber );; line 21755 (wfb::natural-resource central_african_republic gold );; line 21755 (wfb::natural-resource central_african_republic oil-natural-resource );; line 21755 (wfb::land_use central_african_republic arable_land (* 3 %) );; line 21760 (wfb::land_use central_african_republic permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 21762 (wfb::land_use central_african_republic meadows_and_pastures (* 5 %) );; line 21764 (wfb::land_use central_african_republic forest_and_woodland (* 64 %) );; line 21766 (wfb::land_use central_african_republic other (* 28 %) );; line 21768 (wfb::irrigated_land central_african_republic (* n/a sq_km) );; line 21772 (wfb::environment central_african_republic current_issues "tap water is not potable" );; line 21777 (wfb::environment central_african_republic current_issues "poaching has diminished reputation as one of last great wildlife refuges" );; line 21777 (wfb::environment central_african_republic current_issues "desertification" );; line 21777 (wfb::environment central_african_republic natural_hazards "hot, dry, dusty harmattan winds affect northern areas" );; line 21780 (wfb::environment central_african_republic natural_hazards "floods are common" );; line 21780 (wfb::environment central_african_republic international_agreements "party to - Endangered Species, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection" );; line 21783 (wfb::environment central_african_republic international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Law of the Sea" );; line 21783 (wfb::note central_african_republic "landlocked; almost the precise center of Africa" );; line 21789 (wfb::estimation-date population central_african_republic date_jul_1995 );; line 21795 (wfb::population central_african_republic 3209759 );; line 21795 (wfb::age_structure central_african_republic 0-14_years (* 43 %) );; line 21800 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex central_african_republic 0-14_years female 690290 );; line 21800 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex central_african_republic 0-14_years male 694153 );; line 21800 (wfb::age_structure central_african_republic 15-64_years (* 53 %) );; line 21802 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex central_african_republic 15-64_years female 886421 );; line 21802 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex central_african_republic 15-64_years male 825268 );; line 21802 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure central_african_republic 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 21804 (wfb::age_structure central_african_republic 65_years_and_over (* 4 %) );; line 21804 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex central_african_republic 65_years_and_over female 64846 );; line 21804 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex central_african_republic 65_years_and_over male 48781 );; line 21804 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate central_african_republic date_1995 );; line 21808 (wfb::population_growth_rate central_african_republic (* 2.1 %) );; line 21808 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate central_african_republic date_1995 );; line 21812 (wfb::birth_rate central_african_republic (* 41.84 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 21812 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate central_african_republic date_1995 );; line 21816 (wfb::death_rate central_african_republic (* 20.89 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 21816 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate central_african_republic date_1995 );; line 21820 (wfb::net_migration_rate central_african_republic (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 21820 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate central_african_republic date_1995 );; line 21824 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate central_african_republic (* 135.6 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 21824 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth central_african_republic total_population (* 42.15 years) );; line 21829 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth central_african_republic male (* 40.68 years) );; line 21831 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth central_african_republic female date_1995 );; line 21833 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth central_african_republic female (* 43.67 years) );; line 21833 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate central_african_republic date_1995 );; line 21837 (wfb::total_fertility_rate central_african_republic (* 5.37 children_born/woman) );; line 21837 (wfb::nationality central_african_republic noun "Central African(s)" );; line 21842 (wfb::nationality central_african_republic adjective "Central African" );; line 21844 (wfb::comment ethnic_divisions central_african_republic "including 3,600 French" );; line 21848 (wfb::ethnic-entity central_african_republic baya (* 34 %) );; line 21848 (wfb::ethnic-entity central_african_republic banda (* 27 %) );; line 21848 (wfb::ethnic-entity central_african_republic sara (* 10 %) );; line 21848 (wfb::ethnic-entity central_african_republic mandjia (* 21 %) );; line 21848 (wfb::ethnic-entity central_african_republic mboum (* 4 %) );; line 21848 (wfb::ethnic-entity central_african_republic |M'Baka| (* 4 %) );; line 21848 (wfb::ethnic-entity central_african_republic |Europeans 6,500| n/a );; line 21848 (wfb::religion central_african_republic indigenous_beliefs (* 24 %) );; line 21853 (wfb::religion central_african_republic protestant (* 25 %) );; line 21853 (wfb::religion central_african_republic roman_catholic (* 25 %) );; line 21853 (wfb::religion central_african_republic muslim (* 15 %) );; line 21853 (wfb::comment religions central_african_republic "animistic beliefs and practices strongly influence the Christian majority" );; line 21856 (wfb::language central_african_republic french n/a );; line 21861 (wfb::comment language central_african_republic french "official" );; line 21861 (wfb::language central_african_republic sangho n/a );; line 21861 (wfb::comment language central_african_republic sangho "lingua franca and national language" );; line 21861 (wfb::language central_african_republic arabic n/a );; line 21861 (wfb::language central_african_republic hunsa n/a );; line 21861 (wfb::language central_african_republic swahili n/a );; line 21861 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition central_african_republic date_1990 );; line 21866 (wfb::literacy-condition central_african_republic "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 21866 (wfb::literacy central_african_republic total_population (* 38 %) );; line 21868 (wfb::literacy central_african_republic male (* 52 %) );; line 21870 (wfb::literacy central_african_republic female (* 25 %) );; line 21872 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force central_african_republic date_1986 );; line 21876 (wfb::total_labor_force central_african_republic 775413 );; line 21876 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation central_african_republic agriculture (* 85 %) );; line 21878 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation central_african_republic commerce_and_services (* 9 %) );; line 21878 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation central_african_republic industry (* 3 %) );; line 21878 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation central_african_republic government (* 3 %) );; line 21878 (wfb::comment labor_force central_african_republic "about 64,000 salaried workers (1985)" );; line 21881 (wfb::names central_african_republic conventional_long_form "Central African Republic" );; line 21887 (wfb::names central_african_republic local_long_form "Republique Centrafricaine" );; line 21891 (wfb::names central_african_republic former "Central African Empire" );; line 21895 (wfb::abbreviation central_african_republic "CAR" );; line 21899 (wfb::digraph central_african_republic "CT" );; line 21903 (wfb::type central_african_republic "republic;" );; line 21907 (wfb::capital central_african_republic bangui-central_african_republic );; line 21911 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_central_african_republic_prefectures "prefectures" "prefectures" "prefecture" );; line 21915 (wfb::administrative_divisions central_african_republic adm_div_central_african_republic_prefectures 14 );; line 21915 (wfb::independence central_african_republic date_13_aug_1960 "France" );; line 21923 (wfb::comment national_holiday central_african_republic "proclamation of the republic" );; line 21927 (wfb::national_holiday central_african_republic "National Day" date_1_dec );; line 21927 (wfb::constitution central_african_republic "21 November 1986" );; line 21931 (wfb::legal_system central_african_republic "based on French law" );; line 21935 (wfb::comment suffrage central_african_republic " universal" );; line 21939 (wfb::suffrage central_african_republic (* 21 years_of_age) );; line 21939 (wfb::comment executive_branch central_african_republic chief_of_state "election last held 19 September 1993 (next scheduled for 1998)" );; line 21944 (wfb::comment executive_branch central_african_republic chief_of_state "PATASSE received 52.45% of the votes and Abel GOUMBA received 45.62%" );; line 21944 (wfb::executive_branch central_african_republic chief_of_state "President Ange PATASSE " date_22_oct_1993 );; line 21944 (wfb::executive_branch central_african_republic head_of_government "Prime Minister (vacant) (Dr. Jean-Luc MANDABA resigned on 11 April 1995)" n/a );; line 21948 (wfb::comment executive_branch central_african_republic cabinet "appointed by the president" );; line 21951 (wfb::executive_branch central_african_republic cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 21951 (wfb::legislative_structure central_african_republic unicameral n/a );; line 21955 (wfb::legislative_branch central_african_republic "National Assembly (Assemblee Nationale)" "elections last held 19 September 1993; results - percentage vote by party NA; seats - (85 total) MLPC 33, RDC 14, PLD 7, ADP 6, PSD 3, others 22" );; line 21957 (wfb::comment legislative_branch central_african_republic "the National Assembly is advised by the Economic and Regional Council (Conseil Economique et Regional); when they sit together they are called the Congress (Congres)" );; line 21961 (wfb::judicial_branch central_african_republic "Supreme Court (Cour Supreme)" );; line 21967 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders central_african_republic "Movement for the Liberation of the Central African People (MLPC), the party of the new president, Ange Felix PATASSE; Movement for Democracy and Development (MDD), David DACKO; Marginal Movement for Democracy, Renaissance and Evolution (MDREC), Joseph BENDOUNGA; Central African Democratic Assembly (RDC), Andre KOLINGBA; Patriotic Front for Progress (FFP), Abel GOUMBA; Civic Forum (FC), Gen. Timothee MALENDOMA" );; line 21971 (wfb::member_of central_african_republic acct );; line 21980 (wfb::member_of central_african_republic acp );; line 21980 (wfb::member_of central_african_republic afdb );; line 21980 (wfb::member_of central_african_republic bdeac );; line 21980 (wfb::member_of central_african_republic ccc );; line 21980 (wfb::member_of central_african_republic ceeac );; line 21980 (wfb::member_of central_african_republic eca );; line 21980 (wfb::member_of central_african_republic fao );; line 21980 (wfb::member_of central_african_republic fz );; line 21980 (wfb::member_of central_african_republic g-77 );; line 21980 (wfb::member_of central_african_republic gatt );; line 21980 (wfb::member_of central_african_republic ibrd );; line 21980 (wfb::member_of central_african_republic icao );; line 21980 (wfb::member_of central_african_republic icrm );; line 21980 (wfb::member_of central_african_republic ida );; line 21980 (wfb::member_of central_african_republic ifad );; line 21980 (wfb::member_of central_african_republic ifc );; line 21980 (wfb::member_of central_african_republic ifrcs );; line 21980 (wfb::member_of central_african_republic ilo );; line 21980 (wfb::member_of central_african_republic imf );; line 21980 (wfb::member_of central_african_republic intelsat );; line 21980 (wfb::member_of central_african_republic interpol );; line 21980 (wfb::member_of central_african_republic ioc );; line 21980 (wfb::member_of central_african_republic itu );; line 21980 (wfb::member_of central_african_republic nam );; line 21980 (wfb::member_of central_african_republic oau );; line 21980 (wfb::member_of central_african_republic udeac );; line 21980 (wfb::member_of central_african_republic un );; line 21980 (wfb::member_of central_african_republic unctad );; line 21980 (wfb::member_of central_african_republic unesco );; line 21980 (wfb::member_of central_african_republic unido );; line 21980 (wfb::member_of central_african_republic upu );; line 21980 (wfb::member_of central_african_republic wcl );; line 21980 (wfb::member_of central_african_republic who );; line 21980 (wfb::member_of central_african_republic wipo );; line 21980 (wfb::member_of central_african_republic wmo );; line 21980 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us central_african_republic chief_of_mission "Ambassador Henri KOBA (appointed 19 September 1994)" );; line 21987 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us central_african_republic chancery "1618 22nd Street NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 21989 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us central_african_republic telephone "[1] (202) 483-7800, 7801" );; line 21991 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us central_african_republic fax "[1] (202) 332-9893" );; line 21993 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation central_african_republic chief_of_mission "Ambassador Robert E. GRIBBIN III" );; line 21998 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation central_african_republic embassy "Avenue David Dacko, Bangui" );; line 22000 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation central_african_republic mailing_address "B. P. 924, Bangui" );; line 22002 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation central_african_republic telephone "[236] 61 02 00, 61 25 78, 61 02 10" );; line 22004 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation central_african_republic fax "[236] 61 44 94" );; line 22006 (wfb::flag central_african_republic "four equal horizontal bands of blue (top), white, green, and yellow with a vertical red band in center; there is a yellow five-pointed star on the hoist side of the blue band" );; line 22010 (wfb::overview central_african_republic "Subsistence agriculture, together with forestry, remains the backbone of the CAR economy, with more than 70% of the population living in outlying areas. The agricultural sector generates about half of GDP. Timber has accounted for about 26% of export earnings and the diamond industry for 54%. Important constraints to economic development include the CAR's landlocked position, a poor transportation system, a largely unskilled work force, and a legacy of misdirected macroeconomic policies. A major plus is the large forest reserves, which the government is moving to protect from overexploitation. The 50% devaluation of the currencies of 14 Francophone African nations on 12 January 1994 had mixed effects on CAR's economy. While diamond, timber, coffee, and cotton exports increased - leading GDP to increase by 5.5% - inflation rose to 40%, fueled by the rising prices of imports on which the economy depends. CAR's poor resource base and primitive infrastructure will keep it dependent on multilateral donors and France for the foreseeable future." );; line 22017 (wfb::estimation-date national_product central_african_republic date_1994 );; line 22034 (wfb::national_product central_african_republic (* 2.2e9 $) );; line 22034 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate central_african_republic date_1994 );; line 22038 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate central_african_republic (* 5.5 %) );; line 22038 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita central_african_republic date_1994 );; line 22042 (wfb::national_product_per_capita central_african_republic (* 700 $) );; line 22042 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| central_african_republic "40% (1994 est.)" );; line 22046 (wfb::budget central_african_republic revenues (* 175e6 $) );; line 22055 (wfb::estimation-date budget central_african_republic date_1991 );; line 22057 (wfb::budget central_african_republic expenditures (* 312e6 $) );; line 22057 (wfb::budget central_african_republic capital_expenditures (* 122e6 $) );; line 22057 (wfb::exports central_african_republic (* 123.5e6 $) );; line 22062 (wfb::exports central_african_republic commodities diamonds-commodity n/a );; line 22064 (wfb::exports central_african_republic commodities timber-commodity n/a );; line 22064 (wfb::exports central_african_republic commodities cotton n/a );; line 22064 (wfb::exports central_african_republic commodities coffee n/a );; line 22064 (wfb::exports central_african_republic commodities tobacco n/a );; line 22064 (wfb::exports central_african_republic partners france n/a );; line 22066 (wfb::exports central_african_republic partners belgium n/a );; line 22066 (wfb::exports central_african_republic partners italy n/a );; line 22066 (wfb::exports central_african_republic partners japan n/a );; line 22066 (wfb::exports central_african_republic partners us n/a );; line 22066 (wfb::imports central_african_republic (* 165.1e6 $) );; line 22070 (wfb::imports central_african_republic commodities food n/a );; line 22072 (wfb::imports central_african_republic commodities textiles-commodity n/a );; line 22072 (wfb::imports central_african_republic commodities petroleum_products-commodity n/a );; line 22072 (wfb::imports central_african_republic commodities machinery n/a );; line 22072 (wfb::imports central_african_republic commodities electrical_equipment n/a );; line 22072 (wfb::imports central_african_republic commodities motor_vehicles-commodity n/a );; line 22072 (wfb::imports central_african_republic commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 22072 (wfb::imports central_african_republic commodities pharmaceuticals n/a );; line 22072 (wfb::imports central_african_republic commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 22072 (wfb::imports central_african_republic commodities industrial_products n/a );; line 22072 (wfb::imports central_african_republic partners france n/a );; line 22076 (wfb::imports central_african_republic partners japan n/a );; line 22076 (wfb::imports central_african_republic partners algeria n/a );; line 22076 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt central_african_republic date_1991 );; line 22080 (wfb::external_debt central_african_republic (* 859e6 $) );; line 22080 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1990 );; line 22084 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production central_african_republic date_1990 );; line 22084 (wfb::industrial_production central_african_republic growth_rate (* 4 %) );; line 22084 (wfb::industrial_production central_african_republic accounts_for (* 14 %_of_gdp) );; line 22084 (wfb::electricity central_african_republic capacity (* 40000 kw) );; line 22089 (wfb::electricity central_african_republic production (* 100e6 kwh) );; line 22091 (wfb::measurement-date electricity central_african_republic consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 22093 (wfb::electricity central_african_republic consumption_per_capita (* 29 kwh) );; line 22093 (wfb::industry central_african_republic diamond_mining );; line 22097 (wfb::industry central_african_republic sawmills );; line 22097 (wfb::industry central_african_republic breweries );; line 22097 (wfb::industry central_african_republic textiles );; line 22097 (wfb::industry central_african_republic footwear-industry );; line 22097 (wfb::industry central_african_republic assembly_of_bicycles_and_motorcycles );; line 22097 (wfb::agriculture central_african_republic "self-sufficient in food production except for grain; commercial crops - cotton, coffee, tobacco, timber; food crops - manioc, yams, millet, corn, bananas" );; line 22102 (wfb::economic_aid central_african_republic recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-90), $52 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-90), $1.6 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $6 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $38 million" );; line 22109 (wfb::abbreviation cfa_franc "CFAF" );; line 22116 (wfb::currency central_african_republic cfa_franc 100 centimes );; line 22116 (wfb::exchange_rates central_african_republic "Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (CFAF) per US$1 - 529.43 (January 1995), 555.20 (1994), 283.16 (1993), 264.69 (1992), 282.11 (1991), 272.26 (1990)" );; line 22120 (wfb::comment exchange_rates central_african_republic "beginning 12 January 1994, the CFA franc was devalued to CFAF 100 per French franc from CFAF 50 at which it had been fixed since 1948" );; line 22124 (wfb::fiscal_year central_african_republic date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 22129 (wfb::railroads central_african_republic "0 km" );; line 22134 (wfb::highways central_african_republic total (* 22000 km) );; line 22139 (wfb::highways central_african_republic bituminous (* 458 km) );; line 22141 (wfb::highways central_african_republic improved_earth (* 10542 km) );; line 22143 (wfb::highways central_african_republic unimproved_earth (* 11000 km) );; line 22143 (wfb::inland_waterways central_african_republic "800 km; traditional trade carried on by means of shallow-draft dugouts; Oubangui is the most important river" );; line 22147 (wfb::port central_african_republic bangui-central_african_republic );; line 22152 (wfb::port central_african_republic nola-central_african_republic );; line 22152 (wfb::airports central_african_republic total 61 );; line 22157 (wfb::airports central_african_republic |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 22159 (wfb::airports central_african_republic |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 2 );; line 22161 (wfb::airports central_african_republic with_paved_runways_under_914_m 19 );; line 22163 (wfb::airports central_african_republic |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 22165 (wfb::airports central_african_republic |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 9 );; line 22167 (wfb::airports central_african_republic |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 29 );; line 22169 (wfb::telephone_system central_african_republic "NA telephones; system is only fair" );; line 22174 (wfb::telephone_system central_african_republic local "NA" );; line 22176 (wfb::telephone_system central_african_republic intercity "network consists principally of micowave radio relay and low capacity, low powered radio communication" );; line 22178 (wfb::telephone_system central_african_republic international "1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth station" );; line 22181 (wfb::radio central_african_republic broadcast_stations am 1 );; line 22186 (wfb::radio central_african_republic broadcast_stations fm 1 );; line 22186 (wfb::radio central_african_republic broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 22186 (wfb::radio central_african_republic radios n/a );; line 22188 (wfb::television central_african_republic broadcast_stations 1 );; line 22193 (wfb::television central_african_republic televisions n/a );; line 22195 (wfb::comment defense_branch central_african_republic central_african_army_central_african_republic "includes Republican Guard" );; line 22201 (wfb::defense_branch central_african_republic central_african_army_central_african_republic );; line 22201 (wfb::defense_branch central_african_republic air_force_central_african_republic );; line 22201 (wfb::defense_branch central_african_republic national_gendarmerie_central_african_republic );; line 22201 (wfb::defense_branch central_african_republic police_force_central_african_republic );; line 22201 (wfb::manpower_availability central_african_republic "males age 15-49 718,487; males fit for military service 375,950 (1995 est.)" );; line 22206 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures central_african_republic date_1994 );; line 22211 (wfb::defense_expenditures central_african_republic (* 30e6 $) );; line 22211 (wfb::defense_expenditures central_african_republic (* 2.3 %_of_gdp) );; line 22211 (wfb::markup-parameter figure chad "graphno=\"cd.tif\"" );; line 22217 (wfb::location chad "Central Africa, south of Libya" );; line 22221 (wfb::map_references chad "Africa" );; line 22225 (wfb::area chad total_area (* 1.284e6 sq_km) );; line 22230 (wfb::area chad land_area (* 1259200 sq_km) );; line 22232 (wfb::area chad comparative_area "slightly more than three times the size of California" );; line 22234 (wfb::borders chad total (* 5968 km) );; line 22238 (wfb::borders chad cameroon (* 1094 km) );; line 22238 (wfb::borders chad central_african_republic (* 1197 km) );; line 22238 (wfb::borders chad libya (* 1055 km) );; line 22238 (wfb::borders chad niger (* 1175 km) );; line 22238 (wfb::borders chad nigeria (* 87 km) );; line 22238 (wfb::borders chad sudan (* 1360 km) );; line 22238 (wfb::comment coastline chad "landlocked" );; line 22243 (wfb::coastline chad (* 0 km) );; line 22243 (wfb::maritime_claims chad "none; landlocked" );; line 22247 (wfb::international_disputes chad "the International Court of Justice (ICJ) ruled in February 1994 that the 100,000 sq km Aozou Strip between Chad and Libya belongs to Chad" );; line 22251 (wfb::international_disputes chad "Libya has withdrawn some of its forces in response to the ICJ ruling, but still maintains an airfield in the disputed area" );; line 22251 (wfb::international_disputes chad "demarcation of international boundaries in Lake Chad, the lack of which has led to border incidents in the past, is completed and awaiting ratification by Cameroon, Chad, Niger, and Nigeria" );; line 22251 (wfb::climate chad "tropical in south, desert in north" );; line 22261 (wfb::terrain chad "broad, arid plains in center, desert in north, mountains in northwest, lowlands in south" );; line 22265 (wfb::natural-resource chad |petroleum (unexploited but exploration under way)| );; line 22270 (wfb::natural-resource chad uranium );; line 22270 (wfb::natural-resource chad natron );; line 22270 (wfb::natural-resource chad kaolin );; line 22270 (wfb::natural-resource chad |fish (Lake Chad)| );; line 22270 (wfb::land_use chad arable_land (* 2 %) );; line 22276 (wfb::land_use chad permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 22278 (wfb::land_use chad meadows_and_pastures (* 36 %) );; line 22280 (wfb::land_use chad forest_and_woodland (* 11 %) );; line 22282 (wfb::land_use chad other (* 51 %) );; line 22284 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land chad date_1989 );; line 22288 (wfb::irrigated_land chad (* 100 sq_km) );; line 22288 (wfb::environment chad current_issues "inadequate supplies of potable water" );; line 22293 (wfb::environment chad current_issues "improper waste disposal in rural areas contributes to soil and water pollution" );; line 22293 (wfb::environment chad current_issues "desertification" );; line 22293 (wfb::environment chad natural_hazards "hot, dry, dusty harmattan winds occur in north" );; line 22296 (wfb::environment chad natural_hazards "periodic droughts" );; line 22296 (wfb::environment chad natural_hazards "locust plagues" );; line 22296 (wfb::environment chad international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands" );; line 22299 (wfb::environment chad international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping" );; line 22299 (wfb::note chad "landlocked; Lake Chad is the most significant water body in the Sahel" );; line 22305 (wfb::estimation-date population chad date_jul_1995 );; line 22312 (wfb::population chad 5586505 );; line 22312 (wfb::age_structure chad 0-14_years (* 44 %) );; line 22317 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex chad 0-14_years female 1198619 );; line 22317 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex chad 0-14_years male 1267470 );; line 22317 (wfb::age_structure chad 15-64_years (* 54 %) );; line 22319 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex chad 15-64_years female 1563678 );; line 22319 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex chad 15-64_years male 1456481 );; line 22319 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure chad 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 22321 (wfb::age_structure chad 65_years_and_over (* 2 %) );; line 22321 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex chad 65_years_and_over female 71971 );; line 22321 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex chad 65_years_and_over male 28286 );; line 22321 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate chad date_1995 );; line 22325 (wfb::population_growth_rate chad (* 2.18 %) );; line 22325 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate chad date_1995 );; line 22329 (wfb::birth_rate chad (* 42.05 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 22329 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate chad date_1995 );; line 22333 (wfb::death_rate chad (* 20.26 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 22333 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate chad date_1995 );; line 22337 (wfb::net_migration_rate chad (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 22337 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate chad date_1995 );; line 22341 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate chad (* 129.7 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 22341 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth chad total_population (* 41.19 years) );; line 22346 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth chad male (* 40.04 years) );; line 22348 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth chad female date_1995 );; line 22350 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth chad female (* 42.38 years) );; line 22350 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate chad date_1995 );; line 22354 (wfb::total_fertility_rate chad (* 5.33 children_born/woman) );; line 22354 (wfb::nationality chad noun "Chadian(s)" );; line 22359 (wfb::nationality chad adjective "Chadian" );; line 22361 (wfb::comment ethnic_divisions chad north_and_center "Arabs, Toubou, Hadjerai, Fulbe, Kotoko, Kanembou, Baguirmi, Boulala, Zaghawa, and Maba" );; line 22366 (wfb::comment ethnic_divisions chad south "Sara, Ngambaye, Mbaye, Goulaye, Moundang, Moussei, Massa" );; line 22369 (wfb::religion chad muslim (* 50 %) );; line 22375 (wfb::religion chad christian (* 25 %) );; line 22375 (wfb::religion chad union4 (* 25 %) );; line 22375 (wfb::language chad french n/a );; line 22379 (wfb::comment language chad french "official" );; line 22379 (wfb::language chad arabic n/a );; line 22379 (wfb::comment language chad arabic "official" );; line 22379 (wfb::language chad sara-language-group n/a );; line 22379 (wfb::comment language chad sara-language-group "in south" );; line 22379 (wfb::language chad sango n/a );; line 22379 (wfb::comment language chad sango "in south" );; line 22379 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition chad date_1990 );; line 22384 (wfb::literacy-condition chad "age 15 and over has the ability to read and write in French and Arabic" );; line 22384 (wfb::literacy chad total_population (* 30 %) );; line 22387 (wfb::literacy chad male (* 42 %) );; line 22389 (wfb::literacy chad female (* 18 %) );; line 22391 (wfb::total_labor_force chad n/a );; line 22395 (wfb::comment labor_force_by_occupation chad "engaged in unpaid subsistence farming, herding, and fishing" );; line 22397 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation chad agriculture (* 85 %) );; line 22397 (wfb::names chad conventional_long_form "Republic of Chad" );; line 22404 (wfb::names chad conventional_short_form "Chad" );; line 22406 (wfb::names chad local_long_form "Republique du Tchad" );; line 22408 (wfb::names chad local_short_form "Tchad" );; line 22410 (wfb::digraph chad "CD" );; line 22414 (wfb::type chad "republic" );; line 22418 (wfb::capital chad |N'Djamena-chad| );; line 22422 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_chad_prefectures "prefectures" "prefectures" "prefecture" );; line 22426 (wfb::administrative_divisions chad adm_div_chad_prefectures 14 );; line 22426 (wfb::administrative_division_of chad adm_div_chad_prefectures "Batha" );; line 22426 (wfb::administrative_division_of chad adm_div_chad_prefectures "Biltine" );; line 22426 (wfb::administrative_division_of chad adm_div_chad_prefectures "Borkou-Ennedi-Tibesti" );; line 22426 (wfb::administrative_division_of chad adm_div_chad_prefectures "Chari-Baguirmi" );; line 22426 (wfb::administrative_division_of chad adm_div_chad_prefectures "Guera" );; line 22426 (wfb::administrative_division_of chad adm_div_chad_prefectures "Kanem" );; line 22426 (wfb::administrative_division_of chad adm_div_chad_prefectures "Lac" );; line 22426 (wfb::administrative_division_of chad adm_div_chad_prefectures "Logone Occidental" );; line 22426 (wfb::administrative_division_of chad adm_div_chad_prefectures "Logone Oriental" );; line 22426 (wfb::administrative_division_of chad adm_div_chad_prefectures "Mayo-Kebbi" );; line 22426 (wfb::administrative_division_of chad adm_div_chad_prefectures "Moyen-Chari" );; line 22426 (wfb::administrative_division_of chad adm_div_chad_prefectures "Ouaddai" );; line 22426 (wfb::administrative_division_of chad adm_div_chad_prefectures "Salamat" );; line 22426 (wfb::administrative_division_of chad adm_div_chad_prefectures "Tandjile" );; line 22426 (wfb::independence chad date_11_aug_1960 "France" );; line 22432 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1960 );; line 22436 (wfb::comment national_holiday chad "1960" );; line 22436 (wfb::national_holiday chad "Independence Day" date_11_aug );; line 22436 (wfb::constitution chad "22 December 1989 (suspended 3 December 1990); Provisional National Charter 1 March 1991 is in effect (note - the constitutional commission, which was drafting a new constitution to submit to transitional parliament for ratification in April 1994, failed to do so but expects to submit a new draft to the parliament before the end of April 1995)" );; line 22440 (wfb::legal_system chad "based on French civil law system and Chadian customary law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 22448 (wfb::executive_branch chad chief_of_state "President Lt. Gen. Idriss DEBY, since 4 December 1990 (after seizing power on 3 December 1990 - transitional government's mandate expires April 1996)" n/a );; line 22458 (wfb::executive_branch chad head_of_government "Prime Minister Djimasta KOIBLA " date_9_apr_1995 );; line 22462 (wfb::comment executive_branch chad cabinet "appointed by the president on recommendation of the prime minister" );; line 22464 (wfb::executive_branch chad cabinet "Council of State" );; line 22464 (wfb::legislative_structure chad unicameral n/a );; line 22469 (wfb::legislative_branch chad "National Consultative Council (Conceil National Consultatif)" "elections, formerly scheduled for April 1995, were postponed by mutual agreement of the parties concerned until some time prior to April 1996; elections last held 8 July 1990; the National Consultative Council was disbanded 3 December 1990 and replaced by the Provisional Council of the Republic having 30 members appointed by President DEBY on 8 March 1991; this, in turn, was replaced by a 57-member Higher Transitional Council (Conseil Superieur de Transition) elected by a specially convened Sovereign National Conference on 6 April 1993" );; line 22471 (wfb::judicial_branch chad "Court of Appeal" );; line 22482 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders chad "Patriotic Salvation Movement (MPS), former dissident group, Idriss DEBY, chairman" );; line 22486 (wfb::comment political_parties_and_leaders chad "President DEBY, who promised political pluralism, a new constitution, and free elections by April 1994, subsequently twice postponed these initiatives, first until April 1995 and again until sometime before April 1996; there are numerous dissident groups and at least 45 opposition political parties" );; line 22489 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups chad "NA" );; line 22497 (wfb::member_of chad acct );; line 22501 (wfb::member_of chad acp );; line 22501 (wfb::member_of chad afdb );; line 22501 (wfb::member_of chad bdeac );; line 22501 (wfb::member_of chad ceeac );; line 22501 (wfb::member_of chad eca );; line 22501 (wfb::member_of chad fao );; line 22501 (wfb::member_of chad fz );; line 22501 (wfb::member_of chad g-77 );; line 22501 (wfb::member_of chad gatt );; line 22501 (wfb::member_of chad ibrd );; line 22501 (wfb::member_of chad icao );; line 22501 (wfb::member_of chad icftu );; line 22501 (wfb::member_of chad icrm );; line 22501 (wfb::member_of chad ida );; line 22501 (wfb::member_of chad idb );; line 22501 (wfb::member_of chad ifad );; line 22501 (wfb::member_of chad ifrcs );; line 22501 (wfb::member_of chad ilo );; line 22501 (wfb::member_of chad imf );; line 22501 (wfb::member_of chad intelsat );; line 22501 (wfb::member_of chad interpol );; line 22501 (wfb::member_of chad ioc );; line 22501 (wfb::member_of chad itu );; line 22501 (wfb::member_of chad nam );; line 22501 (wfb::member_of chad oau );; line 22501 (wfb::member_of chad oic );; line 22501 (wfb::member_of chad udeac );; line 22501 (wfb::member_of chad un );; line 22501 (wfb::member_of chad unctad );; line 22501 (wfb::member_of chad unesco );; line 22501 (wfb::member_of chad unido );; line 22501 (wfb::member_of chad upu );; line 22501 (wfb::member_of chad wcl );; line 22501 (wfb::member_of chad who );; line 22501 (wfb::member_of chad wipo );; line 22501 (wfb::member_of chad wmo );; line 22501 (wfb::member_of chad wto );; line 22501 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us chad chief_of_mission "Ambassador Mahamat Saleh AHMAT" );; line 22509 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us chad chancery "2002 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20009" );; line 22511 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us chad telephone "[1] (202) 462-4009" );; line 22513 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us chad fax "[1] (202) 265-1937" );; line 22515 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation chad chief_of_mission "Ambassador Laurence E. POPE II" );; line 22520 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation chad embassy "Avenue Felix Eboue, N'Djamena" );; line 22522 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation chad mailing_address "B. P. 413, N'Djamena" );; line 22524 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation chad telephone "[235] (51) 62 18, (51) 40 09, (51) 47 59" );; line 22526 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation chad fax "[235] (51) 33 72" );; line 22528 (wfb::flag chad "three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, and red; similar to the flag of Romania; also similar to the flag of Andorra, which has a national coat of arms featuring a quartered shield centered in the yellow band; design was based on the flag of France" );; line 22532 (wfb::overview chad "Climate, geographic remoteness, poor resource endowment, and lack of infrastructure make Chad one of the most underdeveloped countries in the world. Its economy is hobbled by political turmoil, conflict with Libya, drought, and food shortages. Consequently the economy has shown little progress in recent years in overcoming a severe setback brought on by civil war in the late 1980s. More than 80% of the work force is involved in subsistence farming and fishing. Cotton is the major cash crop, accounting for at least half of exports. Chad is highly dependent on foreign aid, especially food credits, given chronic shortages in several regions. Of all the Francophone countries in Africa, Chad has benefited the least from the 50% devaluation of their currencies on 12 January 1994. Despite an increase in external financial aid and favorable price increases for cotton - the primary source of foreign exchange - the corrupt and enfeebled government bureaucracy continues to dampen economic enterprise by neglecting payments to domestic suppliers and public sector salaries. Oil production in the Lake Chad area remains a distant prospect and the subsistence-driven economy probably will continue to limp along in the near term." );; line 22540 (wfb::estimation-date national_product chad date_1993 );; line 22560 (wfb::national_product chad (* 2.8e9 $) );; line 22560 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate chad date_1993 );; line 22564 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate chad (* 3.5 %) );; line 22564 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita chad date_1993 );; line 22568 (wfb::national_product_per_capita chad (* 530 $) );; line 22568 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| chad "-4.1% (1992)" );; line 22572 (wfb::unemployment_rate chad (* n/a %) );; line 22576 (wfb::budget chad revenues (* 120e6 $) );; line 22581 (wfb::estimation-date budget chad date_1992 );; line 22583 (wfb::budget chad expenditures (* 363e6 $) );; line 22583 (wfb::budget chad capital_expenditures (* 104e6 $) );; line 22583 (wfb::exports chad (* 190e6 $) );; line 22588 (wfb::exports chad commodities cotton (* 48 %) );; line 22590 (wfb::exports chad commodities cattle (* 35 %) );; line 22590 (wfb::exports chad commodities textiles-commodity (* 5 %) );; line 22590 (wfb::exports chad commodities fish-commodity n/a );; line 22590 (wfb::exports chad partners france n/a );; line 22592 (wfb::exports chad partners nigeria n/a );; line 22592 (wfb::exports chad partners cameroon n/a );; line 22592 (wfb::imports chad (* 261e6 $) );; line 22596 (wfb::imports chad commodities machinery_and_transportation_equipment (* 39 %) );; line 22598 (wfb::imports chad commodities industrial_goods (* 20 %) );; line 22598 (wfb::imports chad commodities petroleum_products-commodity (* 13 %) );; line 22598 (wfb::imports chad commodities foodstuffs (* 9 %) );; line 22598 (wfb::imports chad commodities note_-_excludes_military_equipment n/a );; line 22598 (wfb::imports chad partners us n/a );; line 22601 (wfb::imports chad partners france n/a );; line 22601 (wfb::imports chad partners nigeria n/a );; line 22601 (wfb::imports chad partners cameroon n/a );; line 22601 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt chad date_dec_1990 );; line 22605 (wfb::external_debt chad (* 492e6 $) );; line 22605 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1992 );; line 22609 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production chad date_1992 );; line 22609 (wfb::industrial_production chad growth_rate (* 2.7 %) );; line 22609 (wfb::electricity chad capacity (* 40000 kw) );; line 22614 (wfb::electricity chad production (* 80e6 kwh) );; line 22616 (wfb::measurement-date electricity chad consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 22618 (wfb::electricity chad consumption_per_capita (* 13 kwh) );; line 22618 (wfb::industry chad cotton_textile_mills );; line 22622 (wfb::industry chad slaughterhouses );; line 22622 (wfb::industry chad brewery );; line 22622 (wfb::industry chad |natron (sodium carbonate)| );; line 22622 (wfb::industry chad soap );; line 22622 (wfb::industry chad cigarettes );; line 22622 (wfb::agriculture chad "accounts for about 45% of GDP; largely subsistence farming; cotton most important cash crop; food crops include sorghum, millet, peanuts, rice, potatoes, manioc; livestock - cattle, sheep, goats, camels; self-sufficient in food in years of adequate rainfall" );; line 22627 (wfb::economic_aid chad recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $198 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $1.5 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $28 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $80 million" );; line 22635 (wfb::abbreviation cfa_franc "CFAF" );; line 22642 (wfb::currency chad cfa_franc 100 centimes );; line 22642 (wfb::exchange_rates chad "Communaute Financiere Africaine Francs (CFAF) per US$1 - 529.43 (January 1995), 555.20 (1994), 283.16 (1993), 264.69 (1992), 282.11 (1991), 272.26 (1990)" );; line 22646 (wfb::comment exchange_rates chad "beginning 12 January 1994 the CFA franc was devalued to CFAF 100 per French franc from CFAF 50 at which it had been fixed since 1948" );; line 22650 (wfb::fiscal_year chad date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 22655 (wfb::railroads chad "0 km" );; line 22660 (wfb::highways chad total (* 31322 km) );; line 22665 (wfb::highways chad bituminous (* 263 km) );; line 22667 (wfb::highways chad (union gravel crushed_stone ) (* 7069 km) );; line 22669 (wfb::highways chad earth (* 23990 km) );; line 22669 (wfb::inland_waterways chad "2,000 km navigable" );; line 22673 (wfb::airports chad total 66 );; line 22682 (wfb::airports chad |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 3 );; line 22684 (wfb::airports chad |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 1 );; line 22686 (wfb::airports chad with_paved_runways_under_914_m 23 );; line 22688 (wfb::airports chad |with unpaved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 22690 (wfb::airports chad |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 17 );; line 22692 (wfb::airports chad |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 21 );; line 22694 (wfb::telephone_system chad "NA telephones; primitive system" );; line 22699 (wfb::telephone_system chad local "NA" );; line 22701 (wfb::telephone_system chad intercity "fair system of radio communication stations for intercity links" );; line 22703 (wfb::telephone_system chad international "1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station" );; line 22705 (wfb::radio chad broadcast_stations am 6 );; line 22710 (wfb::radio chad broadcast_stations fm 1 );; line 22710 (wfb::radio chad broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 22710 (wfb::radio chad radios n/a );; line 22712 (wfb::television chad televisions n/a );; line 22719 (wfb::comment defense_branch chad armed_forces_chad "includes Ground Force, Air Force, and Gendarmerie" );; line 22725 (wfb::defense_branch chad armed_forces_chad );; line 22725 (wfb::defense_branch chad republican_guard_chad );; line 22725 (wfb::defense_branch chad police_chad );; line 22725 (wfb::manpower_availability chad "males age 15-49 1,307,210; males fit for military service 679,640; males reach military age (20) annually 54,945 (1995 est.)" );; line 22730 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures chad date_1994 );; line 22735 (wfb::defense_expenditures chad (* 74e6 $) );; line 22735 (wfb::defense_expenditures chad (* 11.1 %_of_gdp) );; line 22735 (wfb::markup-parameter figure chile "graphno=\"ci.tif\"" );; line 22741 (wfb::location chile "Southern South America, bordering the South Atlantic Ocean and South Pacific Ocean, between Argentina and Peru" );; line 22745 (wfb::map_references chile "South America" );; line 22750 (wfb::area chile total_area (* 756950 sq_km) );; line 22755 (wfb::area chile land_area (* 748800 sq_km) );; line 22757 (wfb::area chile comparative_area "slightly smaller than twice the size of Montana" );; line 22759 (wfb::comment area chile "includes Isla de Pascua (Easter Island) and Isla Sala y Gomez" );; line 22761 (wfb::borders chile total (* 6171 km) );; line 22765 (wfb::borders chile argentina (* 5150 km) );; line 22765 (wfb::borders chile bolivia (* 861 km) );; line 22765 (wfb::borders chile peru (* 160 km) );; line 22765 (wfb::coastline chile (* 6435 km) );; line 22769 (wfb::maritime_claims chile contiguous_zone (* 24 nm) );; line 22774 (wfb::maritime_claims chile continental_shelf (* 200 nm) );; line 22776 (wfb::maritime_claims chile exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 22778 (wfb::maritime_claims chile territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 22780 (wfb::international_disputes chile "short section of the southern boundary with Argentina is indefinite" );; line 22784 (wfb::international_disputes chile "Bolivia has wanted a sovereign corridor to the South Pacific Ocean since the Atacama area was lost to Chile in 1884" );; line 22784 (wfb::international_disputes chile "dispute with Bolivia over Rio Lauca water rights" );; line 22784 (wfb::international_disputes chile "territorial claim in Antarctica (Chilean Antarctic Territory) partially overlaps Argentine and British claims" );; line 22784 (wfb::climate chile "temperate" );; line 22792 (wfb::climate chile "desert in north" );; line 22792 (wfb::climate chile "cool and damp in south" );; line 22792 (wfb::terrain chile "low coastal mountains" );; line 22796 (wfb::terrain chile "fertile central valley" );; line 22796 (wfb::terrain chile "rugged Andes in east" );; line 22796 (wfb::natural-resource chile copper );; line 22801 (wfb::natural-resource chile timber );; line 22801 (wfb::natural-resource chile iron_ore );; line 22801 (wfb::natural-resource chile nitrates );; line 22801 (wfb::natural-resource chile precious_metals );; line 22801 (wfb::natural-resource chile molybdenum );; line 22801 (wfb::land_use chile arable_land (* 7 %) );; line 22806 (wfb::land_use chile permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 22808 (wfb::land_use chile meadows_and_pastures (* 16 %) );; line 22810 (wfb::land_use chile forest_and_woodland (* 21 %) );; line 22812 (wfb::land_use chile other (* 56 %) );; line 22814 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land chile date_1989 );; line 22818 (wfb::irrigated_land chile (* 12650 sq_km) );; line 22818 (wfb::environment chile current_issues "air pollution from industrial and vehicle emissions" );; line 22823 (wfb::environment chile current_issues "water pollution from raw sewage" );; line 22823 (wfb::environment chile current_issues "deforestation contributing to loss of biodiversity" );; line 22823 (wfb::environment chile current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 22823 (wfb::environment chile current_issues "desertification" );; line 22823 (wfb::environment chile natural_hazards "severe earthquakes" );; line 22827 (wfb::environment chile natural_hazards "active volcanism" );; line 22827 (wfb::environment chile natural_hazards "tsunamis" );; line 22827 (wfb::environment chile international_agreements "party to - Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling" );; line 22829 (wfb::environment chile international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Law of the Sea" );; line 22829 (wfb::note chile "strategic location relative to sea lanes between Atlantic and Pacific Oceans (Strait of Magellan, Beagle Channel, Drake Passage); Atacama Desert one of world's driest regions" );; line 22836 (wfb::estimation-date population chile date_jul_1995 );; line 22844 (wfb::population chile 14161216 );; line 22844 (wfb::age_structure chile 0-14_years (* 29 %) );; line 22849 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex chile 0-14_years female 2014877 );; line 22849 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex chile 0-14_years male 2099450 );; line 22849 (wfb::age_structure chile 15-64_years (* 64 %) );; line 22851 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex chile 15-64_years female 4574947 );; line 22851 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex chile 15-64_years male 4529251 );; line 22851 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure chile 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 22853 (wfb::age_structure chile 65_years_and_over (* 7 %) );; line 22853 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex chile 65_years_and_over female 549385 );; line 22853 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex chile 65_years_and_over male 393306 );; line 22853 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate chile date_1995 );; line 22857 (wfb::population_growth_rate chile (* 1.49 %) );; line 22857 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate chile date_1995 );; line 22861 (wfb::birth_rate chile (* 20.29 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 22861 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate chile date_1995 );; line 22865 (wfb::death_rate chile (* 5.42 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 22865 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate chile date_1995 );; line 22869 (wfb::net_migration_rate chile (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 22869 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate chile date_1995 );; line 22873 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate chile (* 14.3 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 22873 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth chile total_population (* 74.88 years) );; line 22878 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth chile male (* 71.89 years) );; line 22880 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth chile female date_1995 );; line 22882 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth chile female (* 78.01 years) );; line 22882 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate chile date_1995 );; line 22886 (wfb::total_fertility_rate chile (* 2.49 children_born/woman) );; line 22886 (wfb::nationality chile noun "Chilean(s)" );; line 22891 (wfb::nationality chile adjective "Chilean" );; line 22893 (wfb::ethnic-entity chile european_and_european-indian (* 95 %) );; line 22897 (wfb::ethnic-entity chile indian (* 3 %) );; line 22897 (wfb::religion chile roman_catholic (* 89 %) );; line 22901 (wfb::religion chile protestant (* 11 %) );; line 22901 (wfb::religion chile jewish n/a );; line 22901 (wfb::language chile spanish-language-group n/a );; line 22905 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition chile date_1992 );; line 22909 (wfb::literacy-condition chile "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 22909 (wfb::literacy chile total_population (* 94 %) );; line 22911 (wfb::literacy chile male (* 95 %) );; line 22913 (wfb::literacy chile female (* 94 %) );; line 22915 (wfb::total_labor_force chile 4.728e6 );; line 22919 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force chile by_occupation date_1990 );; line 22921 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1990 );; line 22921 (wfb::comment labor_force_by_occupation chile "includes government 12%" );; line 22921 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation chile services (* 38.3 %) );; line 22921 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation chile industry_and_commerce (* 33.8 %) );; line 22921 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation chile agriculture n/a );; line 22921 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation chile forestry n/a );; line 22921 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation chile fishing-occupation-type (* 19.2 %) );; line 22921 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation chile mining-occupation-type (* 2.3 %) );; line 22921 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation chile construction (* 6.4 %) );; line 22921 (wfb::names chile conventional_long_form "Republic of Chile" );; line 22929 (wfb::names chile conventional_short_form "Chile" );; line 22931 (wfb::names chile local_long_form "Republica de Chile" );; line 22933 (wfb::names chile local_short_form "Chile" );; line 22935 (wfb::digraph chile "CI" );; line 22939 (wfb::type chile "republic" );; line 22943 (wfb::capital chile santiago-chile );; line 22947 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_chile_regions "regions" "regiones" "region" );; line 22951 (wfb::administrative_divisions chile adm_div_chile_regions 13 );; line 22951 (wfb::administrative_division_of chile adm_div_chile_regions "Aisen del General Carlos Ibanez del Campo" );; line 22951 (wfb::administrative_division_of chile adm_div_chile_regions "Antofagasta" );; line 22951 (wfb::administrative_division_of chile adm_div_chile_regions "Araucania" );; line 22951 (wfb::administrative_division_of chile adm_div_chile_regions "Atacama" );; line 22951 (wfb::administrative_division_of chile adm_div_chile_regions "Bio-Bio" );; line 22951 (wfb::administrative_division_of chile adm_div_chile_regions "Coquimbo" );; line 22951 (wfb::administrative_division_of chile adm_div_chile_regions "Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins" );; line 22951 (wfb::administrative_division_of chile adm_div_chile_regions "Los Lagos" );; line 22951 (wfb::administrative_division_of chile adm_div_chile_regions "Magallanes y de la Antartica Chilena" );; line 22951 (wfb::administrative_division_of chile adm_div_chile_regions "Maule" );; line 22951 (wfb::administrative_division_of chile adm_div_chile_regions "Region Metropolitana" );; line 22951 (wfb::administrative_division_of chile adm_div_chile_regions "Tarapaca" );; line 22951 (wfb::administrative_division_of chile adm_div_chile_regions "Valparaiso" );; line 22951 (wfb::comment administrative_divisions chile "the US does not recognize claims to Antarctica" );; line 22956 (wfb::independence chile date_18_sep_1810 "Spain" );; line 22960 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1810 );; line 22964 (wfb::comment national_holiday chile "1810" );; line 22964 (wfb::national_holiday chile "Independence Day" date_18_sep );; line 22964 (wfb::constitution chile "11 September 1980, effective 11 March 1981; amended 30 July 1989" );; line 22968 (wfb::legal_system chile "based on Code of 1857 derived from Spanish law and subsequent codes influenced by French and Austrian law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 22972 (wfb::comment suffrage chile " universal and compulsory" );; line 22978 (wfb::suffrage chile (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 22978 (wfb::comment executive_branch chile chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "results - Eduardo FREI Ruiz-Tagle (PDC) 58%, Arturo ALESSANDRI 24.4%, other 17.6%" );; line 22983 (wfb::comment executive_branch chile cabinet "appointed by the president" );; line 22987 (wfb::executive_branch chile cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 22987 (wfb::legislative_structure chile bicameral "National Congress (Congreso Nacional)" );; line 22991 (wfb::legislative_branch chile "Senate (Senado)" "election last held 11 December 1993 (next to be held December 1997); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (46 total, 38 elected) Concertation of Parties for Democracy 21 (PDC 13, PS 4, PPD 3, PR 1), Union for the Progress of Chile 15 (RN 11, UDI 3, UCC 1), right-wing independents 10" );; line 22993 (wfb::legislative_branch chile "Chamber of Deputies (Camara de Diputados)" "election last held 11 December 1993 (next to be held December 1997); results - Concertation of Parties for Democracy 53.95% (PDC 27.16%, PS 12.01%, PPD 11.82%, PR 2.96%,); Union for the Progress of Chile 30.57% (RN 15.25%, UDI 12.13%, UCC 3.19%); seats - (120 total) Concertation of Parties for Democracy 70 (PDC 37, PPD 15, PR 2, PS 15, left-wing independent 1), Union for the Progress of Chile 47 (RN 30, UDI 15, UCC 2), right-wing independents 3" );; line 22998 (wfb::judicial_branch chile "Supreme Court (Corte Suprema)" );; line 23007 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders chile "Concertation of Parties for Democracy consists mainly of three parties: Christian Democratic Party (PDC), Alejandro FOXLEY; Socialist Party (PS), Camilo ESCALONA; Party for Democracy (PPD), Jorge SCHAULSOHN; Radical Party (PR); Union for the Progress of Chile consists mainly of three parties: National Renewal (RN), Andres ALLAMAND; Independent Democratic Union (UDI), Jovino NOVOA; Center Center Union (UCC), Francisco Javier ERRAZURIZ" );; line 23011 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups chile "revitalized university student federations at all major universities; labor - United Labor Central (CUT) includes trade unionists from the country's five largest labor confederations; Roman Catholic Church" );; line 23020 (wfb::member_of chile apec );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile ccc );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile eclac );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile fao );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile g-11 );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile g-77 );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile gatt );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile iadb );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile iaea );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile ibrd );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile icao );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile icftu );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile icrm );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile ida );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile ifad );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile ifc );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile ifrcs );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile ilo );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile imf );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile imo );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile inmarsat );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile intelsat );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile interpol );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile ioc );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile iom );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile iso );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile itu );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile laes );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile laia );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile nam );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile oas );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile onusal );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile opanal );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile pca );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile rg );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile un );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile unctad );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile unesco );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile unido );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile unmogip );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile untso );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile unu );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile upu );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile wcl );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile wftu );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile who );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile wipo );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile wmo );; line 23026 (wfb::member_of chile wto );; line 23026 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us chile chief_of_mission "Ambassador Gabriel GUERRA-MONDRAGON" );; line 23035 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us chile chancery "1732 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036" );; line 23037 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us chile telephone "[1] (202) 785-1746" );; line 23039 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us chile fax "[1] (202) 887-5579" );; line 23041 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us chile |consulate(s) general| "Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New York, Philadelphia, San Francisco, and San Juan (Puerto Rico)" );; line 23043 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation chile chief_of_mission "Ambassador Gabriel GUERRA-MONDRAGON" );; line 23049 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation chile embassy "Codina Building, 1343 Agustinas, Santiago" );; line 23051 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation chile mailing_address "Unit 4127, Santiago; APO AA 34033" );; line 23053 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation chile telephone "[56] (2) 232-2600" );; line 23055 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation chile fax "[56] (2) 330-3710" );; line 23057 (wfb::flag chile "two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and red; there is a blue square the same height as the white band at the hoist-side end of the white band; the square bears a white five-pointed star in the center; design was based on the US flag" );; line 23061 (wfb::overview chile "Chile has a prosperous, essentially free market economy, with the degree of government intervention varying according to the philosophy of the different regimes. Under the center-left government of President AYLWIN, which took power in March 1990, spending on social welfare rose steadily. At the same time business investment, exports, and consumer spending also grew substantially. The new president, FREI, who took office in March 1994, has emphasized social spending even more. Growth in 1991-94 has averaged 6.5% annually, with an estimated one million Chileans having moved out of poverty in the last four years. Copper remains vital to the health of the economy; Chile is the world's largest producer and exporter of copper. Success in meeting the government's goal of sustained annual growth of 5% depends on world copper prices, the level of confidence of foreign investors and creditors, and the government's own ability to maintain a conservative fiscal stance." );; line 23069 (wfb::estimation-date national_product chile date_1994 );; line 23085 (wfb::national_product chile (* 97.7e9 $) );; line 23085 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate chile date_1994 );; line 23089 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate chile (* 4.3 %) );; line 23089 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita chile date_1994 );; line 23093 (wfb::national_product_per_capita chile (* 7010 $) );; line 23093 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| chile "8.7% (1994 est.)" );; line 23097 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate chile date_1994 );; line 23101 (wfb::unemployment_rate chile (* 6 %) );; line 23101 (wfb::budget chile revenues (* 10.9e9 $) );; line 23106 (wfb::measurement-date budget chile date_1993 );; line 23108 (wfb::budget chile expenditures (* 10.9e9 $) );; line 23108 (wfb::budget chile capital_expenditures (* 1.2e9 $) );; line 23108 (wfb::exports chile (* 11.5e9 $) );; line 23113 (wfb::measurement-date exports chile date_1991 );; line 23115 (wfb::exports chile commodities copper-commodity (* 41 %) );; line 23115 (wfb::exports chile commodities wood_products-commodity (* 7.1 %) );; line 23115 (wfb::exports chile commodities fish_and_fishmeal (* 9.8 %) );; line 23115 (wfb::exports chile commodities fruits (* 8.4 %) );; line 23115 (wfb::measurement-date exports chile date_1992 );; line 23118 (wfb::exports chile partners ec (* 29 %) );; line 23118 (wfb::exports chile partners japan (* 17 %) );; line 23118 (wfb::exports chile partners us (* 16 %) );; line 23118 (wfb::exports chile partners argentina (* 5 %) );; line 23118 (wfb::exports chile partners brazil (* 5 %) );; line 23118 (wfb::imports chile (* 10.9e9 $) );; line 23122 (wfb::imports chile commodities capital_goods (* 25.2 %) );; line 23124 (wfb::imports chile commodities spare_parts (* 24.8 %) );; line 23124 (wfb::imports chile commodities raw_materials (* 15.4 %) );; line 23124 (wfb::imports chile commodities petroleum-commodity (* 10 %) );; line 23124 (wfb::imports chile commodities foodstuffs (* 5.7 %) );; line 23124 (wfb::measurement-date imports chile date_1992 );; line 23127 (wfb::imports chile partners ec (* 24 %) );; line 23127 (wfb::imports chile partners us (* 21 %) );; line 23127 (wfb::imports chile partners brazil (* 10 %) );; line 23127 (wfb::imports chile partners japan (* 10 %) );; line 23127 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt chile date_1994 );; line 23131 (wfb::external_debt chile (* 20e9 $) );; line 23131 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 23135 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production chile date_1993 );; line 23135 (wfb::industrial_production chile growth_rate (* 4.3 %) );; line 23135 (wfb::industrial_production chile accounts_for (* 34 %_of_gdp) );; line 23135 (wfb::electricity chile capacity (* 4810000 kw) );; line 23140 (wfb::electricity chile production (* 22e9 kwh) );; line 23142 (wfb::measurement-date electricity chile consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 23144 (wfb::electricity chile consumption_per_capita (* 1499 kwh) );; line 23144 (wfb::industry chile copper-industry );; line 23148 (wfb::industry chile foodstuffs-industry );; line 23148 (wfb::industry chile fish_processing );; line 23148 (wfb::industry chile iron );; line 23148 (wfb::industry chile steel );; line 23148 (wfb::industry chile wood_and_wood_products );; line 23148 (wfb::industry chile transport_equipment-industry );; line 23148 (wfb::industry chile cement );; line 23148 (wfb::industry chile textiles );; line 23148 (wfb::agriculture chile "accounts for about 7% of GDP (including fishing and forestry); major exporter of fruit, fish, and timber products; major crops - wheat, corn, grapes, beans, sugar beets, potatoes, deciduous fruit; livestock products - beef, poultry, wool; self-sufficient in most foods; 1991 fish catch of 6.6 million metric tons; net agricultural importer" );; line 23153 (wfb::illicit_drugs chile "a minor transshipment country for cocaine destined for the US and Europe; booming economy has made it more attractive to traffickers seeking to launder drug profits" );; line 23161 (wfb::economic_aid chile recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $521 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $1.6 billion; Communist countries (1970-89), $386 million" );; line 23168 (wfb::abbreviation chilean_peso "Ch$" );; line 23174 (wfb::currency chile chilean_peso 100 centavos );; line 23174 (wfb::exchange_rates chile "Chilean pesos (Ch$) per US$1 - 408 (January 1995), 420.08 (1994), 404.35 (1993), 362.59 (1992), 349.37 (1991), 305.06 (1990)" );; line 23178 (wfb::fiscal_year chile date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 23183 (wfb::railroads chile total "7,766 km" );; line 23189 (wfb::railroads chile broad_gauge "3,974 km 1.676-m gauge (1,865 km electrified)" );; line 23191 (wfb::railroads chile standard_gauge "150 km 1.435-m gauge" );; line 23193 (wfb::railroads chile narrow_gauge "3,642 km 1.000-m gauge (80 km electrified)" );; line 23195 (wfb::highways chile total (* 79599 km) );; line 23200 (wfb::highways chile paved (* 10984 km) );; line 23202 (wfb::measurement-date highways chile date_1990 );; line 23204 (wfb::comment highways chile unpaved "1990" );; line 23204 (wfb::measurement-date highways chile unpaved gravel_or_earth date_1990 );; line 23204 (wfb::highways chile gravel_or_earth (* 68615 km) );; line 23204 (wfb::inland_waterways chile "725 km" );; line 23208 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 755 km) );; line 23212 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 785 km) );; line 23212 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 320 km) );; line 23212 (wfb::port chile antofagasta-chile );; line 23216 (wfb::port chile arica-chile );; line 23216 (wfb::port chile chanarol-chile );; line 23216 (wfb::port chile coquimbo-chile );; line 23216 (wfb::port chile iquique-chile );; line 23216 (wfb::port chile puerto_montt-chile );; line 23216 (wfb::port chile punta_arenas-chile );; line 23216 (wfb::port chile san_antonio-chile );; line 23216 (wfb::port chile san_vicente-chile );; line 23216 (wfb::port chile talcahuano-chile );; line 23216 (wfb::port chile valparaiso-chile );; line 23216 (wfb::merchant_marine chile total "36 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 510,006 GRT/879,891 DWT" );; line 23222 (wfb::merchant_marine chile ships_by_type "bulk 13, cargo 7, chemical tanker 3, combination ore/oil 2, liquefied gas tanker 3, oil tanker 3, roll-on/roll-off cargo 3, vehicle carrier 2" );; line 23224 (wfb::airports chile total 390 );; line 23231 (wfb::airports chile |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 5 );; line 23233 (wfb::airports chile |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 5 );; line 23235 (wfb::airports chile |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 18 );; line 23237 (wfb::airports chile |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 17 );; line 23239 (wfb::airports chile with_paved_runways_under_914_m 252 );; line 23241 (wfb::airports chile |with unpaved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 23243 (wfb::airports chile |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 3 );; line 23245 (wfb::airports chile |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 13 );; line 23247 (wfb::airports chile |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 76 );; line 23249 (wfb::telephone_system chile "768,000 telephones; modern telephone system based on extensive microwave radio relay facilities" );; line 23254 (wfb::telephone_system chile local "NA" );; line 23257 (wfb::telephone_system chile intercity "extensive microwave radio relay links and 3 domestic satellite stations" );; line 23259 (wfb::telephone_system chile international "2 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth stations" );; line 23262 (wfb::radio chile broadcast_stations am 159 );; line 23267 (wfb::radio chile broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 23267 (wfb::radio chile broadcast_stations shortwave 11 );; line 23267 (wfb::radio chile radios n/a );; line 23269 (wfb::television chile broadcast_stations 131 );; line 23274 (wfb::television chile televisions n/a );; line 23276 (wfb::defense_branch chile army_of_the_nation_chile );; line 23282 (wfb::comment defense_branch chile national_navy_chile "includes Naval Air, Coast Guard, and Marines" );; line 23282 (wfb::defense_branch chile national_navy_chile );; line 23282 (wfb::defense_branch chile air_force_of_the_nation_chile );; line 23282 (wfb::comment defense_branch chile carabineros_of_chile_chile "National Police" );; line 23282 (wfb::defense_branch chile carabineros_of_chile_chile );; line 23282 (wfb::defense_branch chile investigations_police_chile );; line 23282 (wfb::manpower_availability chile "males age 15-49 3,758,770; males fit for military service 2,796,740; males reach military age (19) annually 121,831 (1995 est.)" );; line 23288 (wfb::estimation-date defense_expenditures chile date_1991 );; line 23293 (wfb::defense_expenditures chile (* 1e9 $) );; line 23293 (wfb::defense_expenditures chile (* 3.4 %_of_gdp) );; line 23293 (wfb::markup-parameter figure china "graphno=\"ch.tif\"" );; line 23299 (wfb::header china "(also see separate Taiwan entry)" );; line 23299 (wfb::location china "Eastern Asia, bordering the East China Sea, Korea Bay, Yellow Sea, and South China Sea, between North Korea and Vietnam" );; line 23304 (wfb::map_references china "Asia" );; line 23309 (wfb::area china total_area (* 9596960 sq_km) );; line 23314 (wfb::area china land_area (* 9326410 sq_km) );; line 23316 (wfb::area china comparative_area "slightly larger than the US" );; line 23318 (wfb::borders china total (* 22143.34 km) );; line 23322 (wfb::borders china afghanistan (* 76 km) );; line 23322 (wfb::borders china bhutan (* 470 km) );; line 23322 (wfb::borders china burma (* 2185 km) );; line 23322 (wfb::borders china hong_kong (* 30 km) );; line 23322 (wfb::borders china india (* 3380 km) );; line 23322 (wfb::borders china kazakhstan (* 1533 km) );; line 23322 (wfb::borders china north_korea (* 1416 km) );; line 23322 (wfb::borders china kyrgyzstan (* 858 km) );; line 23322 (wfb::borders china laos (* 423 km) );; line 23322 (wfb::borders china macau (* 0.34 km) );; line 23322 (wfb::borders china mongolia (* 4673 km) );; line 23322 (wfb::borders china nepal (* 1236 km) );; line 23322 (wfb::borders china pakistan (* 523 km) );; line 23322 (wfb::borders china |Russia (northeast)| (* 3605 km) );; line 23322 (wfb::borders china |Russia (northwest)| (* 40 km) );; line 23322 (wfb::borders china tajikistan (* 414 km) );; line 23322 (wfb::borders china vietnam (* 1281 km) );; line 23322 (wfb::coastline china (* 14500 km) );; line 23330 (wfb::maritime_claims china territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 23337 (wfb::international_disputes china "boundary with India in dispute" );; line 23341 (wfb::international_disputes china "disputed sections of the boundary with Russia remain to be settled" );; line 23341 (wfb::international_disputes china "boundary with Tajikistan in dispute" );; line 23341 (wfb::international_disputes china "a short section of the boundary with North Korea is indefinite" );; line 23341 (wfb::international_disputes china "involved in a complex dispute over the Spratly Islands with Malaysia, Philippines, Taiwan, Vietnam, and possibly Brunei" );; line 23341 (wfb::international_disputes china "maritime boundary dispute with Vietnam in the Gulf of Tonkin" );; line 23341 (wfb::international_disputes china "Paracel Islands occupied by China, but claimed by Vietnam and Taiwan" );; line 23341 (wfb::international_disputes china "claims Japanese-administered Senkaku-shoto (Senkaku Islands/Diaoyu Tai), as does Taiwan" );; line 23341 (wfb::climate china "extremely diverse" );; line 23352 (wfb::climate china "tropical in south to subarctic in north" );; line 23352 (wfb::terrain china "mostly mountains, high plateaus, deserts in west" );; line 23356 (wfb::terrain china "plains, deltas, and hills in east" );; line 23356 (wfb::natural-resource china coal );; line 23361 (wfb::natural-resource china iron_ore );; line 23361 (wfb::natural-resource china petroleum );; line 23361 (wfb::natural-resource china mercury );; line 23361 (wfb::natural-resource china tin );; line 23361 (wfb::natural-resource china tungsten );; line 23361 (wfb::natural-resource china antimony );; line 23361 (wfb::natural-resource china manganese );; line 23361 (wfb::natural-resource china molybdenum );; line 23361 (wfb::natural-resource china vanadium );; line 23361 (wfb::natural-resource china magnetite );; line 23361 (wfb::natural-resource china aluminum-natural-resource );; line 23361 (wfb::natural-resource china lead );; line 23361 (wfb::natural-resource china zinc );; line 23361 (wfb::natural-resource china uranium );; line 23361 (wfb::natural-resource china |hydropower potential (world's largest)| );; line 23361 (wfb::land_use china arable_land (* 10 %) );; line 23368 (wfb::land_use china permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 23370 (wfb::land_use china meadows_and_pastures (* 31 %) );; line 23372 (wfb::land_use china forest_and_woodland (* 14 %) );; line 23374 (wfb::land_use china other (* 45 %) );; line 23376 (wfb::environment china current_issues "air pollution from the overwhelming use of high-sulfur coal as a fuel, produces acid rain which is damaging forests" );; line 23385 (wfb::environment china current_issues "water shortages experienced throughout the country, particularly in urban areas" );; line 23385 (wfb::environment china current_issues "future growth in water usage threatens to outpace supplies" );; line 23385 (wfb::environment china current_issues "water pollution from industrial effluents" );; line 23385 (wfb::environment china current_issues "much of the population does not have access to potable water" );; line 23385 (wfb::environment china current_issues "less than 10% of sewage receives treatment" );; line 23385 (wfb::environment china current_issues "deforestation" );; line 23385 (wfb::environment china current_issues "estimated loss of one-fifth of agricultural land since 1957 to soil erosion and economic development" );; line 23385 (wfb::environment china current_issues "desertification" );; line 23385 (wfb::environment china current_issues "trade in endangered species" );; line 23385 (wfb::environment china natural_hazards "frequent typhoons (about five per year along southern and eastern coasts)" );; line 23394 (wfb::environment china natural_hazards "damaging floods" );; line 23394 (wfb::environment china natural_hazards "tsunamis" );; line 23394 (wfb::environment china natural_hazards "earthquakes" );; line 23394 (wfb::environment china natural_hazards "droughts" );; line 23394 (wfb::environment china international_agreements "party to - Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands, Whaling" );; line 23397 (wfb::environment china international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Desertification, Law of the Sea" );; line 23397 (wfb::note china "world's third-largest country (after Russia and Canada)" );; line 23404 (wfb::estimation-date population china date_jul_1995 );; line 23410 (wfb::population china 1203097268 );; line 23410 (wfb::age_structure china 0-14_years (* 26 %) );; line 23415 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex china 0-14_years female 151266866 );; line 23415 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex china 0-14_years male 167234782 );; line 23415 (wfb::age_structure china 15-64_years (* 67 %) );; line 23417 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex china 15-64_years female 391917572 );; line 23417 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex china 15-64_years male 419103994 );; line 23417 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure china 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 23419 (wfb::age_structure china 65_years_and_over (* 7 %) );; line 23419 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex china 65_years_and_over female 39591692 );; line 23419 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex china 65_years_and_over male 33982362 );; line 23419 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate china date_1995 );; line 23423 (wfb::population_growth_rate china (* 1.04 %) );; line 23423 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate china date_1995 );; line 23427 (wfb::birth_rate china (* 17.78 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 23427 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate china date_1995 );; line 23431 (wfb::death_rate china (* 7.36 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 23431 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate china date_1995 );; line 23435 (wfb::net_migration_rate china (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 23435 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate china date_1995 );; line 23439 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate china (* 52.1 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 23439 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth china total_population (* 68.08 years) );; line 23444 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth china male (* 67.09 years) );; line 23446 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth china female date_1995 );; line 23448 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth china female (* 69.18 years) );; line 23448 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate china date_1995 );; line 23452 (wfb::total_fertility_rate china (* 1.84 children_born/woman) );; line 23452 (wfb::nationality china noun "Chinese (singular and plural)" );; line 23457 (wfb::nationality china adjective "Chinese" );; line 23459 (wfb::ethnic-entity china han_chinese (* 91.9 %) );; line 23463 (wfb::comment religions china "est." );; line 23468 (wfb::religion china union5 (* -3 %) );; line 23468 (wfb::religion china christian (* 1 %) );; line 23468 (wfb::comment religions china "officially atheist, but traditionally pragmatic and eclectic" );; line 23470 (wfb::language china standard_chinese_or_mandarin n/a );; line 23474 (wfb::comment language china standard_chinese_or_mandarin "Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect" );; line 23474 (wfb::language china yue n/a );; line 23474 (wfb::comment language china yue "Cantonese" );; line 23474 (wfb::language china wu n/a );; line 23474 (wfb::comment language china wu "Shanghainese" );; line 23474 (wfb::language china minbei n/a );; line 23474 (wfb::comment language china minbei "Fuzhou" );; line 23474 (wfb::language china minnan n/a );; line 23474 (wfb::comment language china minnan "Hokkien-Taiwanese" );; line 23474 (wfb::language china xiang n/a );; line 23474 (wfb::language china gan n/a );; line 23474 (wfb::language china hakka_dialects n/a );; line 23474 (wfb::language china minority_languages n/a );; line 23474 (wfb::comment language china minority_languages "see Ethnic divisions entry" );; line 23474 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition china date_1990 );; line 23481 (wfb::literacy-condition china "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 23481 (wfb::literacy china total_population (* 78 %) );; line 23483 (wfb::literacy china male (* 87 %) );; line 23485 (wfb::literacy china female (* 68 %) );; line 23487 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force china date_1991 );; line 23491 (wfb::total_labor_force china 583.6e6 );; line 23491 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force china by_occupation date_1990 );; line 23493 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1990 );; line 23493 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation china agriculture_and_forestry (* 60 %) );; line 23493 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation china industry_and_commerce (* 25 %) );; line 23493 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation china construction_and_mining (* 5 %) );; line 23493 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation china social_services (* 5 %) );; line 23493 (wfb::names china conventional_long_form "People's Republic of China" );; line 23500 (wfb::names china conventional_short_form "China" );; line 23502 (wfb::names china local_long_form "Zhonghua Renmin Gongheguo" );; line 23504 (wfb::names china local_short_form "Zhong Guo" );; line 23506 (wfb::abbreviation china "PRC" );; line 23510 (wfb::digraph china "CH" );; line 23514 (wfb::type china "Communist state" );; line 23518 (wfb::capital china beijing-china );; line 23522 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_china_provinces "provinces" "sheng" "sheng" );; line 23526 (wfb::administrative_divisions china adm_div_china_provinces 23 );; line 23526 (wfb::administrative_division |adm_div_china_autonomous regions (zizhiqu, singular and plural),| "autonomous regions (zizhiqu, singular and plural)," "n/a" "n/a" );; line 23526 (wfb::administrative_divisions china |adm_div_china_autonomous regions (zizhiqu, singular and plural),| 5 );; line 23526 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_china_municipalities "municipalities" "shi" "shi" );; line 23526 (wfb::administrative_divisions china adm_div_china_municipalities 3 );; line 23526 (wfb::administrative_division_of china adm_div_china_provinces "Anhui" );; line 23526 (wfb::administrative_division_of china adm_div_china_municipalities "Beijing" );; line 23526 (wfb::administrative_division_of china adm_div_china_provinces "Fujian" );; line 23526 (wfb::administrative_division_of china adm_div_china_provinces "Gansu" );; line 23526 (wfb::administrative_division_of china adm_div_china_provinces "Guangdong" );; line 23526 (wfb::administrative_division_of china |adm_div_china_autonomous regions (zizhiqu, singular and plural),| "Guangxi" );; line 23526 (wfb::administrative_division_of china adm_div_china_provinces "Guizhou" );; line 23526 (wfb::administrative_division_of china adm_div_china_provinces "Hainan" );; line 23526 (wfb::administrative_division_of china adm_div_china_provinces "Hebei" );; line 23526 (wfb::administrative_division_of china adm_div_china_provinces "Heilongjiang" );; line 23526 (wfb::administrative_division_of china adm_div_china_provinces "Henan" );; line 23526 (wfb::administrative_division_of china adm_div_china_provinces "Hubei" );; line 23526 (wfb::administrative_division_of china adm_div_china_provinces "Hunan" );; line 23526 (wfb::administrative_division_of china adm_div_china_provinces "Jiangsu" );; line 23526 (wfb::administrative_division_of china adm_div_china_provinces "Jiangxi" );; line 23526 (wfb::administrative_division_of china adm_div_china_provinces "Jilin" );; line 23526 (wfb::administrative_division_of china adm_div_china_provinces "Liaoning" );; line 23526 (wfb::administrative_division_of china |adm_div_china_autonomous regions (zizhiqu, singular and plural),| "Nei Mongol" );; line 23526 (wfb::administrative_division_of china |adm_div_china_autonomous regions (zizhiqu, singular and plural),| "Ningxia" );; line 23526 (wfb::administrative_division_of china adm_div_china_provinces "Qinghai" );; line 23526 (wfb::administrative_division_of china adm_div_china_provinces "Shaanxi" );; line 23526 (wfb::administrative_division_of china adm_div_china_provinces "Shandong" );; line 23526 (wfb::administrative_division_of china adm_div_china_municipalities "Shanghai" );; line 23526 (wfb::administrative_division_of china adm_div_china_provinces "Shanxi" );; line 23526 (wfb::administrative_division_of china adm_div_china_provinces "Sichuan" );; line 23526 (wfb::administrative_division_of china adm_div_china_municipalities "Tianjin" );; line 23526 (wfb::administrative_division_of china |adm_div_china_autonomous regions (zizhiqu, singular and plural),| "Xinjiang" );; line 23526 (wfb::administrative_division_of china |adm_div_china_autonomous regions (zizhiqu, singular and plural),| "Xizang (Tibet)" );; line 23526 (wfb::administrative_division_of china adm_div_china_provinces "Yunnan" );; line 23526 (wfb::administrative_division_of china adm_div_china_provinces "Zhejiang" );; line 23526 (wfb::comment administrative_divisions china "China considers Taiwan its 23rd province" );; line 23533 (wfb::comment independence china "unification under the Qin or Ch'in Dynasty 221 BC; Qing or Ch'ing Dynasty replaced by the Republic on 12 February 1912; People's Republic established 1 October 1949" );; line 23537 (wfb::independence china date_221 "n/a" );; line 23537 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1949 );; line 23543 (wfb::comment national_holiday china "1949" );; line 23543 (wfb::national_holiday china "National Day" date_1_oct );; line 23543 (wfb::constitution china "most recent promulgated 4 December 1982" );; line 23547 (wfb::legal_system china "a complex amalgam of custom and statute, largely criminal law; rudimentary civil code in effect since 1 January 1987; new legal codes in effect since 1 January 1980; continuing efforts are being made to improve civil, administrative, criminal, and commercial law" );; line 23551 (wfb::comment suffrage china " universal" );; line 23558 (wfb::suffrage china (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 23558 (wfb::comment executive_branch china chief_of_state "Vice President RONG Yiren (since 27 March 1993)" );; line 23563 (wfb::comment executive_branch china chief_of_state "election last held 27 March 1993 (next to be held 1998)" );; line 23563 (wfb::comment executive_branch china chief_of_state "results - JIANG Zemin was nominally elected by the Eighth National People's Congress" );; line 23563 (wfb::executive_branch china chief_of_state "President JIANG Zemin " date_27_mar_1993 );; line 23563 (wfb::comment executive_branch china head_of_government "Vice Premier ZOU Jiahua (since 8 April 1991)" );; line 23568 (wfb::comment executive_branch china head_of_government "Vice Premier QIAN Qichen (since 29 March 1993)" );; line 23568 (wfb::comment executive_branch china head_of_government "Vice Premier LI Lanqing (29 March 1993)" );; line 23568 (wfb::comment executive_branch china head_of_government "Vice Premier WU Bangguo (since 17 March 1995)" );; line 23568 (wfb::comment executive_branch china head_of_government "Vice Premier JIANG Chunyun (since 17 March 1995)" );; line 23568 (wfb::executive_branch china head_of_government "Premier LI Peng (Acting Premier since 24 November 1987, Premier since 9 April 1988) Vice Premier ZHU Rongji " date_8_apr_1991 );; line 23568 (wfb::comment executive_branch china cabinet "appointed by the National People's Congress (NPC)" );; line 23574 (wfb::executive_branch china cabinet "State Council" );; line 23574 (wfb::legislative_structure china unicameral n/a );; line 23578 (wfb::legislative_branch china "National People's Congress" "(Quanguo Renmin Daibiao Dahui) elections last held March 1993 (next to be held March 1998); results - CCP is the only party but there are also independents; seats - (2,977 total) (elected at county or xian level)" );; line 23580 (wfb::judicial_branch china "Supreme People's Court" );; line 23586 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders china "Chinese Communist Party (CCP), JIANG Zemin, general secretary of the Central Committee (since 24 June 1989); eight registered small parties controlled by CCP" );; line 23590 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups china "such meaningful opposition as exists consists of loose coalitions, usually within the party and government organization, that vary by issue" );; line 23596 (wfb::member_of china afdb );; line 23601 (wfb::member_of china apec );; line 23601 (wfb::member_of china asdb );; line 23601 (wfb::member_of china ccc );; line 23601 (wfb::member_of china escap );; line 23601 (wfb::member_of china fao );; line 23601 (wfb::member_of china iaea );; line 23601 (wfb::member_of china ibrd );; line 23601 (wfb::member_of china icao );; line 23601 (wfb::member_of china icftu );; line 23601 (wfb::member_of china icrm );; line 23601 (wfb::member_of china ida );; line 23601 (wfb::member_of china ifad );; line 23601 (wfb::member_of china ifc );; line 23601 (wfb::member_of china ifrcs );; line 23601 (wfb::member_of china ilo );; line 23601 (wfb::member_of china imf );; line 23601 (wfb::member_of china imo );; line 23601 (wfb::member_of china inmarsat );; line 23601 (wfb::member_of china intelsat );; line 23601 (wfb::member_of china interpol );; line 23601 (wfb::member_of china ioc );; line 23601 (wfb::member_of china iso );; line 23601 (wfb::member_of china itu );; line 23601 (wfb::member_of china minurso );; line 23601 (wfb::member_of china nam );; line 23601 (wfb::comment member_of china nam "observer" );; line 23601 (wfb::member_of china pca );; line 23601 (wfb::member_of china un );; line 23601 (wfb::member_of china un_security_council );; line 23601 (wfb::member_of china unctad );; line 23601 (wfb::member_of china unesco );; line 23601 (wfb::member_of china unhcr );; line 23601 (wfb::member_of china unido );; line 23601 (wfb::member_of china unikom );; line 23601 (wfb::member_of china unitar );; line 23601 (wfb::member_of china unomil );; line 23601 (wfb::member_of china unomoz );; line 23601 (wfb::member_of china untso );; line 23601 (wfb::member_of china unu );; line 23601 (wfb::member_of china upu );; line 23601 (wfb::member_of china who );; line 23601 (wfb::member_of china wipo );; line 23601 (wfb::member_of china wmo );; line 23601 (wfb::member_of china wto );; line 23601 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us china chief_of_mission "Ambassador LI Daoyu" );; line 23610 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us china chancery "2300 Connecticut Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 23612 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us china telephone "[1] (202) 328-2500 through 2502" );; line 23614 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us china |consulate(s) general| "Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, New York, and San Francisco" );; line 23616 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation china chief_of_mission "Ambassador J. Stapleton ROY" );; line 23621 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation china embassy "Xiu Shui Bei Jie 3, 100600 Beijing" );; line 23623 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation china mailing_address "PSC 461, Box 50, Beijing; FPO AP 96521-0002" );; line 23625 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation china telephone "[86] (1) 5323831" );; line 23627 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation china fax "[86] (1) 5323178" );; line 23629 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation china |consulate(s) general| "Chengdu, Guangzhou, Shanghai, Shenyang" );; line 23631 (wfb::flag china "red with a large yellow five-pointed star and four smaller yellow five-pointed stars (arranged in a vertical arc toward the middle of the flag) in the upper hoist-side corner" );; line 23635 (wfb::overview china "Beginning in late 1978 the Chinese leadership has been trying to move the economy from the sluggish Soviet-style centrally planned economy to a more productive and flexible economy with market elements, but still within the framework of monolithic Communist control. To this end the authorities switched to a system of household responsibility in agriculture in place of the old collectivization, increased the authority of local officials and plant managers in industry, permitted a wide variety of small-scale enterprise in services and light manufacturing, and opened the economy to increased foreign trade and investment. The result has been a strong surge in production, particularly in agriculture in the early 1980s. Industry also has posted major gains, especially in coastal areas near Hong Kong and opposite Taiwan, where foreign investment and modern production methods have helped spur production of both domestic and export goods. Aggregate output has more than doubled since 1978. On the darker side, the leadership has often experienced in its hybrid system the worst results of socialism (bureaucracy, lassitude, corruption) and of capitalism (windfall gains and stepped-up inflation). Beijing thus has periodically backtracked, retightening central controls at intervals. In 1992-94 annual growth of GDP accelerated, particularly in the coastal areas - to more than 10% annually according to official claims. In late 1993 China's leadership approved additional long-term reforms aimed at giving more play to market-oriented institutions and at strengthening the center's control over the financial system. In 1994 strong growth continued in the widening market-oriented areas of the economy. At the same time, the government struggled to (a) collect revenues due from provinces, businesses, and individuals; (b) keep inflation within bounds; (c) reduce extortion and other economic crimes; and (d) keep afloat the large state-owned enterprises, most of which had not participated in the vigorous expansion of the economy. From 60 to 100 million surplus rural workers are adrift between the villages and the cities, many barely subsisting through part-time low-pay jobs. Popular resistance, changes in central policy, and loss of authority by rural cadres have weakened China's population control program, which is essential to the nation's long-term economic viability. One of the most dangerous long-term threats to continued rapid economic growth is the deterioration in the environment, notably air pollution, soil erosion, and the steady fall of the water table especially in the north." );; line 23642 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate china date_1994 );; line 23688 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate china (* 11.8 %) );; line 23688 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita china date_1994 );; line 23692 (wfb::national_product_per_capita china (* 2500 $) );; line 23692 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| china "25.5% (December 1994 over December 1993)" );; line 23696 (wfb::exports china (* 121e9 $) );; line 23708 (wfb::exports china commodities textiles-commodity n/a );; line 23710 (wfb::exports china commodities garments n/a );; line 23710 (wfb::exports china commodities footwear n/a );; line 23710 (wfb::exports china commodities toys n/a );; line 23710 (wfb::exports china commodities machinery_and_equipment n/a );; line 23710 (wfb::exports china commodities weapon_systems n/a );; line 23710 (wfb::measurement-date exports china date_1993 );; line 23713 (wfb::exports china partners hong_kong n/a );; line 23713 (wfb::exports china partners japan n/a );; line 23713 (wfb::exports china partners us n/a );; line 23713 (wfb::exports china partners germany n/a );; line 23713 (wfb::exports china partners south_korea n/a );; line 23713 (wfb::exports china partners russia n/a );; line 23713 (wfb::imports china (* 115.7e9 $) );; line 23717 (wfb::imports china commodities rolled_steel n/a );; line 23719 (wfb::imports china commodities motor_vehicles-commodity n/a );; line 23719 (wfb::imports china commodities textile_machinery n/a );; line 23719 (wfb::imports china commodities oil_products n/a );; line 23719 (wfb::imports china commodities aircraft n/a );; line 23719 (wfb::measurement-date imports china date_1993 );; line 23722 (wfb::imports china partners japan n/a );; line 23722 (wfb::imports china partners taiwan n/a );; line 23722 (wfb::imports china partners us n/a );; line 23722 (wfb::imports china partners hong_kong n/a );; line 23722 (wfb::imports china partners germany n/a );; line 23722 (wfb::imports china partners south_korea n/a );; line 23722 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt china date_1994 );; line 23726 (wfb::external_debt china (* 100e9 $) );; line 23726 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 23730 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production china date_1994 );; line 23730 (wfb::industrial_production china growth_rate (* 17.5 %) );; line 23730 (wfb::electricity china capacity (* 162000000 kw) );; line 23735 (wfb::electricity china production (* 746e9 kwh) );; line 23737 (wfb::measurement-date electricity china consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 23739 (wfb::electricity china consumption_per_capita (* 593 kwh) );; line 23739 (wfb::industry china iron );; line 23743 (wfb::industry china steel );; line 23743 (wfb::industry china coal-industry );; line 23743 (wfb::industry china machine_building );; line 23743 (wfb::industry china armaments );; line 23743 (wfb::industry china textiles );; line 23743 (wfb::industry china apparel );; line 23743 (wfb::industry china petroleum-industry );; line 23743 (wfb::industry china cement );; line 23743 (wfb::industry china chemical_fertilizers );; line 23743 (wfb::industry china consumer_durables );; line 23743 (wfb::industry china food_processing );; line 23743 (wfb::industry china autos );; line 23743 (wfb::industry china consumer_electronics );; line 23743 (wfb::industry china telecommunications );; line 23743 (wfb::agriculture china "accounts for almost 30% of GDP; among the world's largest producers of rice, potatoes, sorghum, peanuts, tea, millet, barley, and pork; commercial crops include cotton, other fibers, and oilseeds; produces variety of livestock products; basically self-sufficient in food; fish catch of 13.35 million metric tons (including fresh water and pond raised) (1991)" );; line 23749 (wfb::illicit_drugs china "illicit producer of opium; bulk of production is in Yunnan Province (which produced 25 metric tons in 1994); transshipment point for heroin produced in the Golden Triangle" );; line 23757 (wfb::economic_aid china donor "to less developed countries (1970-89) $7 billion" );; line 23764 (wfb::economic_aid china recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-87), $220.7 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-87), $13.5 billion" );; line 23766 (wfb::abbreviation yuan "Y" );; line 23772 (wfb::currency china yuan 10 jiao );; line 23772 (wfb::exchange_rates china "yuan (Y) per US$1 - 8.4413 (January 1995), 8.6187 (1994), 5.7620 (1993), 5.5146 (1992), 5.3234 (1991), 4.7832 (1990)" );; line 23776 (wfb::comment exchange_rates china "beginning 1 January 1994, the People's Bank of China quotes the midpoint rate against the US dollar based on the previous day's prevailing rate in the interbank foreign exchange market" );; line 23779 (wfb::fiscal_year china date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 23785 (wfb::railroads china total "65,780 km" );; line 23791 (wfb::railroads china standard_gauge "55,180 km 1.435-m gauge (7,174 km electrified; more than 11,000 km double track)" );; line 23793 (wfb::railroads china narrow_gauge "600 km 1.000-m gauge; 10,000 km 0.762-m to 1.067-m gauge dedicated industrial lines" );; line 23796 (wfb::highways china total (* 1.029e6 km) );; line 23802 (wfb::highways china paved (* 170000 km) );; line 23804 (wfb::measurement-date highways china date_1990 );; line 23806 (wfb::highways china gravel/improved_earth (* 648000 km) );; line 23806 (wfb::highways china unimproved_earth (* 211000 km) );; line 23806 (wfb::inland_waterways china "138,600 km; about 109,800 km navigable" );; line 23811 (wfb::measurement-date pipelines date_1990 );; line 23815 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 9700 km) );; line 23815 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 1100 km) );; line 23815 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 6200 km) );; line 23815 (wfb::port china aihui-china );; line 23820 (wfb::port china changsha-china );; line 23820 (wfb::port china dalian-china );; line 23820 (wfb::port china fuzhou-china );; line 23820 (wfb::port china guangzhou-china );; line 23820 (wfb::port china hangzhou-china );; line 23820 (wfb::port china harbin-china );; line 23820 (wfb::port china huangpu-china );; line 23820 (wfb::port china nanning-china );; line 23820 (wfb::port china ningbo-china );; line 23820 (wfb::port china qingdao-china );; line 23820 (wfb::port china qinhuangdao-china );; line 23820 (wfb::port china shanghai-china );; line 23820 (wfb::port china shantou-china );; line 23820 (wfb::port china tanggu-china );; line 23820 (wfb::port china xiamen-china );; line 23820 (wfb::port china xingang-china );; line 23820 (wfb::port china zhanjiang-china );; line 23820 (wfb::merchant_marine china total "1,628 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 16,013,532 GRT/24,027,766 DWT" );; line 23827 (wfb::merchant_marine china ships_by_type "barge carrier 3, bulk 298, cargo 849, chemical tanker 14, combination bulk 10, container 98, liquefied gas tanker 4, multifunction large load carrier 1, oil tanker 212, passenger 24, passenger-cargo 25, refrigerated cargo 21, roll-on/roll-off cargo 24, short-sea passenger 44, vehicle carrier 1" );; line 23830 (wfb::comment merchant_marine china "China beneficially owns an additional 250 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling approximately 8,831,462 DWT that operate under Panamanian, Hong Kong, Maltese, Liberian, Vanuatu, Cypriot, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Bahamian, and Singaporean registry" );; line 23835 (wfb::airports china total 204 );; line 23843 (wfb::airports china |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 17 );; line 23845 (wfb::airports china |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 69 );; line 23847 (wfb::airports china |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 89 );; line 23849 (wfb::airports china |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 9 );; line 23851 (wfb::airports china with_paved_runways_under_914_m 7 );; line 23853 (wfb::airports china |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 7 );; line 23855 (wfb::airports china |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 3 );; line 23857 (wfb::airports china with_unpaved_runways_under_914_m 3 );; line 23859 (wfb::telephone_system china "20,000,000 telephones (summer 1994); domestic and international services are increasingly available for private use; unevenly distributed internal system serves principal cities, industrial centers, and most townships; expanding phone lines, interprovincial fiber optic links, satellite communications, cellullar/mobile communications, etc." );; line 23864 (wfb::telephone_system china local "NA" );; line 23870 (wfb::telephone_system china intercity "fiber optic trunk lines, 55 earth stations for domestic satellites" );; line 23872 (wfb::telephone_system china international "5 INTELSAT earth stations (4 Pacific Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) and 1 INMARSAT earth station; several international fiber optic links to Japan and Hong Kong" );; line 23875 (wfb::radio china broadcast_stations am 274 );; line 23882 (wfb::radio china broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 23882 (wfb::radio china radios 215e6 );; line 23884 (wfb::comment television china broadcast_stations "repeaters 2,050" );; line 23889 (wfb::television china broadcast_stations 202 );; line 23889 (wfb::television china televisions 75e6 );; line 23891 (wfb::comment defense_branch china |People's Liberation Army_china| "PLA" );; line 23897 (wfb::defense_branch china |People's Liberation Army_china| );; line 23897 (wfb::defense_branch china which_includes_the_ground_forces_china );; line 23897 (wfb::comment defense_branch china navy_china "includes Marines and Naval Aviation" );; line 23897 (wfb::defense_branch china navy_china );; line 23897 (wfb::defense_branch china air_force_china );; line 23897 (wfb::comment defense_branch china second_artillery_corps_china "the strategic missile force" );; line 23897 (wfb::defense_branch china second_artillery_corps_china );; line 23897 (wfb::comment defense_branch china |People's Armed Police_china| "internal security troops, nominally subordinate to Ministry of Public Security, but included by the Chinese as part of the \"armed forces\" and considered to be an adjunct to the PLA in war time" );; line 23897 (wfb::defense_branch china |People's Armed Police_china| );; line 23897 (wfb::manpower_availability china "males age 15-49 351,330,411; males fit for military service 194,286,619; males reach military age (18) annually 9,841,658 (1995 est.)" );; line 23906 (wfb::markup-parameter figure christmas_island "graphno=\"kt.tif\"" );; line 23919 (wfb::header christmas_island "(territory of Australia)" );; line 23919 (wfb::location christmas_island "Southeastern Asia, island in the Indian Ocean, south of Indonesia" );; line 23923 (wfb::map_references christmas_island "Southeast Asia" );; line 23927 (wfb::area christmas_island total_area (* 135 sq_km) );; line 23932 (wfb::area christmas_island land_area (* 135 sq_km) );; line 23934 (wfb::area christmas_island comparative_area "about 0.8 times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 23936 (wfb::coastline christmas_island (* 138.9 km) );; line 23944 (wfb::maritime_claims christmas_island contiguous_zone (* 12 nm) );; line 23949 (wfb::maritime_claims christmas_island exclusive_fishing_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 23951 (wfb::maritime_claims christmas_island territorial_sea (* 3 nm) );; line 23953 (wfb::international_disputes christmas_island "none" );; line 23957 (wfb::climate christmas_island "tropical" );; line 23961 (wfb::climate christmas_island "heat and humidity moderated by trade winds" );; line 23961 (wfb::terrain christmas_island "steep cliffs along coast rise abruptly to central plateau" );; line 23965 (wfb::natural-resource christmas_island phosphate );; line 23969 (wfb::land_use christmas_island arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 23974 (wfb::land_use christmas_island permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 23976 (wfb::land_use christmas_island meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 23978 (wfb::land_use christmas_island forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 23980 (wfb::land_use christmas_island other (* 100 %) );; line 23982 (wfb::irrigated_land christmas_island (* n/a sq_km) );; line 23986 (wfb::environment christmas_island current_issues "NA" );; line 23991 (wfb::environment christmas_island natural_hazards "almost completely surrounded by a reef which can be a maritime hazard" );; line 23993 (wfb::environment christmas_island international_agreements "NA" );; line 23996 (wfb::note christmas_island "located along major sea lanes of Indian Ocean" );; line 24000 (wfb::estimation-date population christmas_island date_jul_1995 );; line 24006 (wfb::population christmas_island 889 );; line 24006 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate christmas_island date_1995 );; line 24019 (wfb::population_growth_rate christmas_island (* -9 %) );; line 24019 (wfb::nationality christmas_island noun "Christmas Islander(s)" );; line 24053 (wfb::nationality christmas_island adjective "Christmas Island" );; line 24055 (wfb::ethnic-entity christmas_island chinese (* 61 %) );; line 24059 (wfb::ethnic-entity christmas_island malay (* 25 %) );; line 24059 (wfb::ethnic-entity christmas_island european (* 11 %) );; line 24059 (wfb::ethnic-entity christmas_island no_indigenous_population n/a );; line 24059 (wfb::measurement-date religion date_1981 );; line 24064 (wfb::religion christmas_island buddhist (* 36.1 %) );; line 24064 (wfb::religion christmas_island muslim (* 25.4 %) );; line 24064 (wfb::comment religion "Roman Catholic 8.2%, Church of England 3.2%, Presbyterian 0.9%, Uniting Church 0.4%, Methodist 0.2%, Baptist 0.1%, and other 4.7%" );; line 24064 (wfb::religion christmas_island christian (* 17.7 %) );; line 24064 (wfb::religion christmas_island unknown (* 4.6 %) );; line 24064 (wfb::language christmas_island english n/a );; line 24071 (wfb::total_labor_force christmas_island n/a );; line 24075 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation christmas_island ltd. n/a );; line 24077 (wfb::names christmas_island conventional_long_form "Territory of Christmas Island" );; line 24084 (wfb::names christmas_island conventional_short_form "Christmas Island" );; line 24086 (wfb::digraph christmas_island "KT" );; line 24090 (wfb::type christmas_island "territory of Australia" );; line 24094 (wfb::capital christmas_island the_settlement-christmas_island );; line 24098 (wfb::comment independence christmas_island "territory of Australia" );; line 24106 (wfb::constitution christmas_island "Christmas Island Act of 1958" );; line 24114 (wfb::legal_system christmas_island "under the authority of the governor general of Australia" );; line 24118 (wfb::executive_branch christmas_island chief_of_state "Queen ELIZABETH II " date_6_feb_1952 );; line 24123 (wfb::executive_branch christmas_island cabinet "Advisory Council" );; line 24127 (wfb::judicial_branch christmas_island "none" );; line 24135 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders christmas_island "none" );; line 24139 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us christmas_island "none (territory of Australia)" );; line 24147 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation christmas_island "none (territory of Australia)" );; line 24151 (wfb::flag christmas_island "the flag of Australia is used" );; line 24155 (wfb::overview christmas_island "Phosphate mining had been the only significant economic activity, but in December 1987 the Australian Government closed the mine as no longer economically viable. Plans have been under way to reopen the mine and also to build a casino and hotel to develop tourism." );; line 24160 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate christmas_island (* n/a %) );; line 24171 (wfb::national_product_per_capita christmas_island (* n/a $) );; line 24175 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| christmas_island "NA%" );; line 24179 (wfb::unemployment_rate christmas_island (* n/a %) );; line 24183 (wfb::budget christmas_island revenues (* n/a $) );; line 24188 (wfb::budget christmas_island expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 24190 (wfb::budget christmas_island capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 24190 (wfb::exports christmas_island (* n/a $) );; line 24194 (wfb::exports christmas_island partners australia n/a );; line 24198 (wfb::exports christmas_island partners nz n/a );; line 24198 (wfb::imports christmas_island (* n/a $) );; line 24202 (wfb::external_debt christmas_island (* n/a $) );; line 24210 (wfb::industrial_production christmas_island growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 24214 (wfb::electricity christmas_island capacity (* 11000 kw) );; line 24219 (wfb::electricity christmas_island production (* 30e6 kwh) );; line 24221 (wfb::measurement-date electricity christmas_island consumption_per_capita date_1990 );; line 24223 (wfb::electricity christmas_island consumption_per_capita (* 17800 kwh) );; line 24223 (wfb::industry christmas_island |phosphate extraction (near depletion)| );; line 24227 (wfb::agriculture christmas_island "NA" );; line 24231 (wfb::economic_aid christmas_island "none" );; line 24235 (wfb::abbreviation australian_dollar "$A" );; line 24239 (wfb::currency christmas_island australian_dollar 100 cents );; line 24239 (wfb::exchange_rates christmas_island "Australian dollars ($A) per US$1 - 1.3058 (January 1995), 1.3667 (1994), 1.4704, (1993), 1.3600 (1992), 1.2836 (1991), 1.2799 (1990)" );; line 24243 (wfb::fiscal_year christmas_island date_1_jul date_30_jun );; line 24248 (wfb::railroads christmas_island "0 km" );; line 24253 (wfb::highways christmas_island total (* n/a km) );; line 24258 (wfb::highways christmas_island paved (* n/a km) );; line 24260 (wfb::highways christmas_island unpaved (* n/a km) );; line 24262 (wfb::port christmas_island flying_fish_cove-christmas_island );; line 24266 (wfb::merchant_marine christmas_island "none" );; line 24270 (wfb::airports christmas_island total 1 );; line 24275 (wfb::airports christmas_island |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 1 );; line 24277 (wfb::telephone_system christmas_island "NA telephones" );; line 24282 (wfb::telephone_system christmas_island local "NA" );; line 24284 (wfb::telephone_system christmas_island intercity "NA" );; line 24286 (wfb::telephone_system christmas_island international "NA" );; line 24288 (wfb::radio christmas_island broadcast_stations am 1 );; line 24293 (wfb::radio christmas_island broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 24293 (wfb::radio christmas_island broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 24293 (wfb::radio christmas_island radios n/a );; line 24295 (wfb::television christmas_island broadcast_stations 1 );; line 24300 (wfb::television christmas_island televisions n/a );; line 24302 (wfb::note christmas_island "defense is the responsibility of Australia" );; line 24308 (wfb::markup-parameter figure clipperton_island "graphno=\"ip.tif\"" );; line 24314 (wfb::header clipperton_island "(possession of France)" );; line 24314 (wfb::location clipperton_island "Middle America, atoll in the North Pacific Ocean, southwest of Mexico" );; line 24318 (wfb::map_references clipperton_island "World" );; line 24323 (wfb::area clipperton_island total_area (* 7 sq_km) );; line 24328 (wfb::area clipperton_island land_area (* 7 sq_km) );; line 24330 (wfb::area clipperton_island comparative_area "about 12 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC" );; line 24332 (wfb::coastline clipperton_island (* 11.1 km) );; line 24340 (wfb::maritime_claims clipperton_island exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 24345 (wfb::maritime_claims clipperton_island territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 24347 (wfb::international_disputes clipperton_island "claimed by Mexico" );; line 24351 (wfb::climate clipperton_island "tropical" );; line 24355 (wfb::terrain clipperton_island "coral atoll" );; line 24359 (wfb::land_use clipperton_island arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 24368 (wfb::land_use clipperton_island permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 24370 (wfb::land_use clipperton_island meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 24372 (wfb::land_use clipperton_island forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 24374 (wfb::comment land_use clipperton_island other "all coral" );; line 24376 (wfb::land_use clipperton_island other (* 100 %) );; line 24376 (wfb::irrigated_land clipperton_island (* 0 sq_km) );; line 24380 (wfb::environment clipperton_island current_issues "NA" );; line 24385 (wfb::environment clipperton_island natural_hazards "NA" );; line 24387 (wfb::environment clipperton_island international_agreements "NA" );; line 24389 (wfb::note clipperton_island "reef about 8 km in circumference" );; line 24393 (wfb::names clipperton_island conventional_short_form "Clipperton Island" );; line 24407 (wfb::names clipperton_island local_short_form "Ile Clipperton" );; line 24411 (wfb::names clipperton_island former "sometimes called Ile de la Passion" );; line 24413 (wfb::digraph clipperton_island "IP" );; line 24417 (wfb::type clipperton_island "French possession administered by France from French Polynesia by High Commissioner of the Republic" );; line 24421 (wfb::comment independence clipperton_island "possession of France" );; line 24430 (wfb::overview clipperton_island "The only economic activity is a tuna fishing station." );; line 24435 (wfb::note clipperton_island "defense is the responsibility of France" );; line 24450 (wfb::markup-parameter figure |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| "graphno=\"ck.tif\"" );; line 24456 (wfb::header |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| "(territory of Australia)" );; line 24456 (wfb::location |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| "Southeastern Asia, group of islands in the Indian Ocean, south of Indonesia, about one-half of the way from Australia to Sri Lanka" );; line 24460 (wfb::map_references |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| "Southeast Asia" );; line 24465 (wfb::area |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| total_area (* 14 sq_km) );; line 24470 (wfb::area |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| land_area (* 14 sq_km) );; line 24472 (wfb::area |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| comparative_area "about 24 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC" );; line 24474 (wfb::comment area |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| "includes the two main islands of West Island and Home Island" );; line 24476 (wfb::coastline |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| (* 2.6 km) );; line 24484 (wfb::maritime_claims |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| exclusive_fishing_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 24489 (wfb::maritime_claims |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| territorial_sea (* 3 nm) );; line 24491 (wfb::international_disputes |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| "none" );; line 24495 (wfb::climate |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| "pleasant, modified by the southeast trade wind for about nine months of the year" );; line 24499 (wfb::climate |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| "moderate rain fall" );; line 24499 (wfb::terrain |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| "flat, low-lying coral atolls" );; line 24504 (wfb::natural-resource |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| fish );; line 24508 (wfb::land_use |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| arable_land (* n/a %) );; line 24513 (wfb::land_use |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| permanent_crops (* n/a %) );; line 24515 (wfb::land_use |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| meadows_and_pastures (* n/a %) );; line 24517 (wfb::land_use |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| forest_and_woodland (* n/a %) );; line 24519 (wfb::land_use |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| other (* n/a %) );; line 24521 (wfb::irrigated_land |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| (* n/a sq_km) );; line 24525 (wfb::environment |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| current_issues "there are no natural fresh water resources on the island, groundwater does accumulate in natural underground reservoirs" );; line 24530 (wfb::environment |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| natural_hazards "cyclones may occur in the early months of the year" );; line 24533 (wfb::environment |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| international_agreements "NA" );; line 24535 (wfb::note |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| "two coral atolls thickly covered with coconut palms and other vegetation" );; line 24539 (wfb::estimation-date population |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| date_jul_1995 );; line 24546 (wfb::population |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| 604 );; line 24546 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| date_1995 );; line 24559 (wfb::population_growth_rate |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| (* 0.98 %) );; line 24559 (wfb::birth_rate |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| (* n/a |births/1,000 population|) );; line 24563 (wfb::death_rate |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| (* n/a |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 24567 (wfb::net_migration_rate |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| (* n/a |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 24571 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| (* n/a |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 24575 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| total_population (* n/a years) );; line 24580 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| male (* n/a years) );; line 24582 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| female (* n/a years) );; line 24584 (wfb::total_fertility_rate |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| (* n/a children_born/woman) );; line 24588 (wfb::nationality |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| noun "Cocos Islander(s)" );; line 24593 (wfb::nationality |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| adjective "Cocos Islander" );; line 24595 (wfb::religion |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| sunni_muslims n/a );; line 24606 (wfb::language |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| english n/a );; line 24610 (wfb::total_labor_force |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| n/a );; line 24614 (wfb::names |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| conventional_long_form "Territory of Cocos (Keeling) Islands" );; line 24620 (wfb::names |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| conventional_short_form "Cocos (Keeling) Islands" );; line 24622 (wfb::digraph |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| "CK" );; line 24626 (wfb::type |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| "territory of Australia" );; line 24630 (wfb::capital |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| |West Island-Cocos (Keeling) Islands| );; line 24634 (wfb::comment independence |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| "territory of Australia" );; line 24642 (wfb::constitution |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| "Cocos (Keeling) Islands Act of 1955" );; line 24650 (wfb::legal_system |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| "based upon the laws of Australia and local laws" );; line 24654 (wfb::executive_branch |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| chief_of_state "Queen ELIZABETH II " date_6_feb_1952 );; line 24663 (wfb::comment executive_branch |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| cabinet "Chairman of the Islands Council Haji WAHIN bin Bynie (since NA)" );; line 24667 (wfb::executive_branch |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| cabinet "Islands Council" );; line 24667 (wfb::legislative_structure |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| unicameral "Islands Council" );; line 24672 (wfb::judicial_branch |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| "Supreme Court" );; line 24676 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| "NA" );; line 24680 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| "none (territory of Australia)" );; line 24688 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| "none (territory of Australia)" );; line 24692 (wfb::flag |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| "the flag of Australia is used" );; line 24696 (wfb::overview |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| "Grown throughout the islands, coconuts are the sole cash crop. Copra and fresh coconuts are the major export earners. Small local gardens and fishing contribute to the food supply, but additional food and most other necessities must be imported from Australia." );; line 24701 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| (* n/a %) );; line 24712 (wfb::national_product_per_capita |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| (* n/a $) );; line 24716 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| "NA%" );; line 24720 (wfb::budget |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| revenues (* n/a $) );; line 24725 (wfb::budget |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 24727 (wfb::budget |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 24727 (wfb::exports |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| (* n/a $) );; line 24731 (wfb::imports |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| (* n/a $) );; line 24739 (wfb::external_debt |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| (* n/a $) );; line 24747 (wfb::industrial_production |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 24751 (wfb::electricity |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| capacity (* 1000 kw) );; line 24756 (wfb::electricity |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| production (* 2e6 kwh) );; line 24758 (wfb::measurement-date electricity |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| consumption_per_capita date_1990 );; line 24760 (wfb::electricity |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| consumption_per_capita (* 2980 kwh) );; line 24760 (wfb::industry |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| copra_products );; line 24764 (wfb::agriculture |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| "gardens provide vegetables, bananas, pawpaws, coconuts" );; line 24768 (wfb::economic_aid |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| "none" );; line 24772 (wfb::abbreviation australian_dollar "$A" );; line 24776 (wfb::currency |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| australian_dollar 100 cents );; line 24776 (wfb::exchange_rates |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| "Australian dollars ($A) per US$1 - 1.3058 (January 1995), 1.3667 (1994), 1.4704 (1993), 1.3600 (1992), 1.2836 (1991), 1.2799 (1990)" );; line 24780 (wfb::fiscal_year |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| date_1_jul date_30_jun );; line 24785 (wfb::railroads |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| "0 km" );; line 24790 (wfb::highways |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| total (* n/a km) );; line 24795 (wfb::highways |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| paved (* n/a km) );; line 24797 (wfb::highways |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| unpaved (* n/a km) );; line 24799 (wfb::merchant_marine |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| "none" );; line 24807 (wfb::airports |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| total 1 );; line 24812 (wfb::airports |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 1 );; line 24814 (wfb::telephone_system |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| "NA telephones" );; line 24819 (wfb::telephone_system |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| local "NA" );; line 24821 (wfb::telephone_system |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| intercity "NA" );; line 24823 (wfb::telephone_system |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| international "linked by telephone, telex, and facsimile communications via satellite with Australia" );; line 24825 (wfb::radio |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| broadcast_stations am 1 );; line 24831 (wfb::radio |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 24831 (wfb::radio |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 24831 (wfb::measurement-date radio |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| radios date_1985 );; line 24833 (wfb::radio |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| radios 250 );; line 24833 (wfb::television |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| broadcast_stations 0 );; line 24838 (wfb::television |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| televisions n/a );; line 24840 (wfb::note |Cocos (Keeling) Islands| "defense is the responsibility of Australia" );; line 24846 (wfb::markup-parameter figure colombia "graphno=\"co.tif\"" );; line 24852 (wfb::location colombia "Northern South America, bordering the Caribbean Sea, between Panama and Venezuela, and bordering the North Pacific Ocean, between Ecuador and Panama" );; line 24856 (wfb::map_references colombia "South America" );; line 24862 (wfb::area colombia total_area (* 1138910 sq_km) );; line 24867 (wfb::area colombia land_area (* 1038700 sq_km) );; line 24869 (wfb::area colombia comparative_area "slightly less than three times the size of Montana" );; line 24871 (wfb::comment area colombia "includes Isla de Malpelo, Roncador Cay, Serrana Bank, and Serranilla Bank" );; line 24873 (wfb::borders colombia total (* 7408 km) );; line 24878 (wfb::borders colombia brazil (* 1643 km) );; line 24878 (wfb::borders colombia ecuador (* 590 km) );; line 24878 (wfb::borders colombia panama (* 225 km) );; line 24878 (wfb::borders colombia peru (* 2900 km) );; line 24878 (wfb::borders colombia venezuela (* 2050 km) );; line 24878 (wfb::comment coastline colombia "Caribbean Sea 1,760 km, North Pacific Ocean 1,448 km" );; line 24883 (wfb::coastline colombia (* 3208 km) );; line 24883 (wfb::maritime_claims colombia exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 24890 (wfb::maritime_claims colombia territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 24892 (wfb::international_disputes colombia "maritime boundary dispute with Venezuela in the Gulf of Venezuela" );; line 24896 (wfb::international_disputes colombia "territorial dispute with Nicaragua over Archipelago de San Andres y Providencia and Quita Sueno Bank" );; line 24896 (wfb::climate colombia "tropical along coast and eastern plains" );; line 24902 (wfb::climate colombia "cooler in highlands" );; line 24902 (wfb::terrain colombia "flat coastal lowlands, central highlands, high Andes Mountains, eastern lowland plains" );; line 24906 (wfb::natural-resource colombia petroleum );; line 24911 (wfb::natural-resource colombia natural_gas );; line 24911 (wfb::natural-resource colombia coal );; line 24911 (wfb::natural-resource colombia iron_ore );; line 24911 (wfb::natural-resource colombia nickel );; line 24911 (wfb::natural-resource colombia gold );; line 24911 (wfb::natural-resource colombia copper );; line 24911 (wfb::natural-resource colombia emeralds );; line 24911 (wfb::land_use colombia arable_land (* 4 %) );; line 24917 (wfb::land_use colombia permanent_crops (* 2 %) );; line 24919 (wfb::land_use colombia meadows_and_pastures (* 29 %) );; line 24921 (wfb::land_use colombia forest_and_woodland (* 49 %) );; line 24923 (wfb::land_use colombia other (* 16 %) );; line 24925 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land colombia date_1989 );; line 24929 (wfb::irrigated_land colombia (* 5150 sq_km) );; line 24929 (wfb::environment colombia current_issues "deforestation" );; line 24934 (wfb::environment colombia current_issues "soil damage from overuse of pesticides" );; line 24934 (wfb::environment colombia current_issues "air pollution, especially in Bogota, from vehicle emissions" );; line 24934 (wfb::environment colombia natural_hazards "highlands subject to volcanic eruptions" );; line 24937 (wfb::environment colombia natural_hazards "occasional earthquakes" );; line 24937 (wfb::environment colombia natural_hazards "periodic droughts" );; line 24937 (wfb::environment colombia international_agreements "party to - Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Endangered Species, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83" );; line 24940 (wfb::environment colombia international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Climate Change, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping" );; line 24940 (wfb::note colombia "only South American country with coastlines on both North Pacific Ocean and Caribbean Sea" );; line 24948 (wfb::estimation-date population colombia date_jul_1995 );; line 24955 (wfb::population colombia 36200251 );; line 24955 (wfb::age_structure colombia 0-14_years (* 32 %) );; line 24960 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex colombia 0-14_years female 5784010 );; line 24960 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex colombia 0-14_years male 5925600 );; line 24960 (wfb::age_structure colombia 15-64_years (* 63 %) );; line 24962 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex colombia 15-64_years female 11642870 );; line 24962 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex colombia 15-64_years male 11245235 );; line 24962 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure colombia 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 24964 (wfb::age_structure colombia 65_years_and_over (* 5 %) );; line 24964 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex colombia 65_years_and_over female 888358 );; line 24964 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex colombia 65_years_and_over male 714178 );; line 24964 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate colombia date_1995 );; line 24968 (wfb::population_growth_rate colombia (* 1.7 %) );; line 24968 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate colombia date_1995 );; line 24972 (wfb::birth_rate colombia (* 21.89 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 24972 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate colombia date_1995 );; line 24976 (wfb::death_rate colombia (* 4.69 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 24976 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate colombia date_1995 );; line 24980 (wfb::net_migration_rate colombia (* -0.17 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 24980 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate colombia date_1995 );; line 24984 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate colombia (* 26.9 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 24984 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth colombia total_population (* 72.48 years) );; line 24989 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth colombia male (* 69.68 years) );; line 24991 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth colombia female date_1995 );; line 24993 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth colombia female (* 75.38 years) );; line 24993 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate colombia date_1995 );; line 24997 (wfb::total_fertility_rate colombia (* 2.4 children_born/woman) );; line 24997 (wfb::nationality colombia noun "Colombian(s)" );; line 25002 (wfb::nationality colombia adjective "Colombian" );; line 25004 (wfb::ethnic-entity colombia mestizo (* 58 %) );; line 25008 (wfb::ethnic-entity colombia white (* 20 %) );; line 25008 (wfb::ethnic-entity colombia mulatto (* 14 %) );; line 25008 (wfb::ethnic-entity colombia black (* 4 %) );; line 25008 (wfb::ethnic-entity colombia mixed_black-indian (* 3 %) );; line 25008 (wfb::ethnic-entity colombia indian (* 1 %) );; line 25008 (wfb::religion colombia roman_catholic (* 95 %) );; line 25013 (wfb::language colombia spanish-language-group n/a );; line 25017 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition colombia date_1985 );; line 25021 (wfb::literacy-condition colombia "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 25021 (wfb::literacy colombia total_population (* 88 %) );; line 25023 (wfb::literacy colombia male (* 88 %) );; line 25025 (wfb::literacy colombia female (* 88 %) );; line 25027 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force colombia date_1990 );; line 25031 (wfb::total_labor_force colombia 12e6 );; line 25031 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force colombia by_occupation date_1990 );; line 25033 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1990 );; line 25033 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation colombia services (* 46 %) );; line 25033 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation colombia agriculture (* 30 %) );; line 25033 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation colombia industry (* 24 %) );; line 25033 (wfb::names colombia conventional_long_form "Republic of Colombia" );; line 25039 (wfb::names colombia conventional_short_form "Colombia" );; line 25041 (wfb::names colombia local_long_form "Republica de Colombia" );; line 25043 (wfb::names colombia local_short_form "Colombia" );; line 25045 (wfb::digraph colombia "CO" );; line 25049 (wfb::type colombia "republic; executive branch dominates government structure" );; line 25053 (wfb::capital colombia bogota-colombia );; line 25057 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_colombia_departments "departments" "departamentos" "departamento" );; line 25061 (wfb::administrative_divisions colombia adm_div_colombia_departments 32 );; line 25061 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_colombia_capital_district "capital district" "n/a" "distrito capital" );; line 25061 (wfb::administrative_divisions colombia adm_div_colombia_capital_district 1 );; line 25061 (wfb::administrative_division_of colombia adm_div_colombia_departments "Amazonas" );; line 25061 (wfb::administrative_division_of colombia adm_div_colombia_departments "Antioquia" );; line 25061 (wfb::administrative_division_of colombia adm_div_colombia_departments "Arauca" );; line 25061 (wfb::administrative_division_of colombia adm_div_colombia_departments "Atlantico" );; line 25061 (wfb::administrative_division_of colombia adm_div_colombia_capital_district "Bogota" );; line 25061 (wfb::administrative_division_of colombia adm_div_colombia_departments "Bolivar" );; line 25061 (wfb::administrative_division_of colombia adm_div_colombia_departments "Boyaca" );; line 25061 (wfb::administrative_division_of colombia adm_div_colombia_departments "Caldas" );; line 25061 (wfb::administrative_division_of colombia adm_div_colombia_departments "Caqueta" );; line 25061 (wfb::administrative_division_of colombia adm_div_colombia_departments "Casanare" );; line 25061 (wfb::administrative_division_of colombia adm_div_colombia_departments "Cauca" );; line 25061 (wfb::administrative_division_of colombia adm_div_colombia_departments "Cesar" );; line 25061 (wfb::administrative_division_of colombia adm_div_colombia_departments "Choco" );; line 25061 (wfb::administrative_division_of colombia adm_div_colombia_departments "Cordoba" );; line 25061 (wfb::administrative_division_of colombia adm_div_colombia_departments "Cundinamarca" );; line 25061 (wfb::administrative_division_of colombia adm_div_colombia_departments "Guainia" );; line 25061 (wfb::administrative_division_of colombia adm_div_colombia_departments "Guaviare" );; line 25061 (wfb::administrative_division_of colombia adm_div_colombia_departments "Huila" );; line 25061 (wfb::administrative_division_of colombia adm_div_colombia_departments "La Guajira" );; line 25061 (wfb::administrative_division_of colombia adm_div_colombia_departments "Magdalena" );; line 25061 (wfb::administrative_division_of colombia adm_div_colombia_departments "Meta" );; line 25061 (wfb::administrative_division_of colombia adm_div_colombia_departments "Narino" );; line 25061 (wfb::administrative_division_of colombia adm_div_colombia_departments "Norte de Santander" );; line 25061 (wfb::administrative_division_of colombia adm_div_colombia_departments "Putumayo" );; line 25061 (wfb::administrative_division_of colombia adm_div_colombia_departments "Quindio" );; line 25061 (wfb::administrative_division_of colombia adm_div_colombia_departments "Risaralda" );; line 25061 (wfb::administrative_division_of colombia adm_div_colombia_departments "San Andres y Providencia" );; line 25061 (wfb::administrative_division_of colombia adm_div_colombia_departments "Santander" );; line 25061 (wfb::administrative_division_of colombia adm_div_colombia_departments "Sucre" );; line 25061 (wfb::administrative_division_of colombia adm_div_colombia_departments "Tolima" );; line 25061 (wfb::administrative_division_of colombia adm_div_colombia_departments "Valle del Cauca" );; line 25061 (wfb::administrative_division_of colombia adm_div_colombia_departments "Vaupes" );; line 25061 (wfb::administrative_division_of colombia adm_div_colombia_departments "Vichada" );; line 25061 (wfb::independence colombia date_20_jul_1810 "Spain" );; line 25070 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1810 );; line 25074 (wfb::comment national_holiday colombia "1810" );; line 25074 (wfb::national_holiday colombia "Independence Day" date_20_jul );; line 25074 (wfb::constitution colombia "5 July 1991" );; line 25078 (wfb::legal_system colombia "based on Spanish law; a new criminal code modeled after US procedures was enacted in 1992-93; judicial review of executive and legislative acts; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations" );; line 25082 (wfb::comment suffrage colombia " universal and compulsory" );; line 25088 (wfb::suffrage colombia (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 25088 (wfb::comment executive_branch colombia chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "election last held 29 May 1994 (next to be held May 1998) and resulted in no candidate receiving more than 50% of the total vote" );; line 25093 (wfb::comment executive_branch colombia chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "a run-off election to select a president from the two leading candidates was held on 19 June 1994" );; line 25093 (wfb::comment executive_branch colombia chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "results - Ernesto SAMPER Pizano (Liberal Party) 50.4%, Andres PASTRANA Arango (Conservative Party) 48.6%, blank votes 1%" );; line 25093 (wfb::comment executive_branch colombia chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "Humberto de la CALLE was elected vice president in a new proceedure that replaces the traditional designation of vice presidents by newly elected presidents." );; line 25093 (wfb::executive_branch colombia chief_of_state "President Ernesto SAMPER Pizano " date_7_aug_1994 );; line 25093 (wfb::executive_branch colombia head_of_government "President Ernesto SAMPER Pizano " date_7_aug_1994 );; line 25093 (wfb::executive_branch colombia cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 25102 (wfb::legislative_structure colombia bicameral "Congress (Congreso)" );; line 25106 (wfb::legislative_branch colombia "Senate (Senado)" "elections last held 13 March 1994 (next to be held NA March 1998); preliminary results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (102 total) Liberal Party 59, conservatives (includes PC, MSN, and NDF) 31, other 12" );; line 25108 (wfb::legislative_branch colombia "House of Representatives (Camara de Representantes)" "elections last held 13 March 1994 (next to be held NA March 1998); preliminary results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (161 total) Liberal Party 89, conservatives (includes PC, MSN, and NDF) 53, AD/M-19 2, other 17" );; line 25112 (wfb::judicial_branch colombia "Supreme Court of Justice (Corte Suprema de Justical), Constitutional Court, Council of State" );; line 25119 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders colombia "Liberal Party (PL), Juan Guillermo ANGEL; Conservative Party (PC), Fabio VALENCIA Cossio; National Salvation Movement (MSN), Alvaro GOMEZ Hurtado; New Democratic Force (NDF), Andres PASTRANA Arango; Democratic Alliance M-19 (AD/M-19) is a coalition of small leftist parties and dissident liberals and conservatives; Patriotic Union (UP) is a legal political party formed by Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) and Colombian Communist Party (PCC), Carlos ROMERO" );; line 25124 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups colombia "three insurgent groups are active in Colombia - Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC), Manuel MARULANDA and Alfonso CANO; National Liberation Army (ELN), Manuel PEREZ; and dissidents of the recently demobilized People's Liberation Army (EPL), Francisco CARABALLO; Francisco CARABALLO was captured by the government in June 1994" );; line 25134 (wfb::member_of colombia ag );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia ccc );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia cdb );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia cg );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia eclac );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia fao );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia g-11 );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia g-24 );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia g-77 );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia gatt );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia iadb );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia iaea );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia ibrd );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia icao );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia icc );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia icftu );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia icrm );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia ida );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia ifad );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia ifc );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia ifrcs );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia ilo );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia imf );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia imo );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia inmarsat );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia intelsat );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia interpol );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia ioc );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia iom );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia iso );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia itu );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia laes );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia laia );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia nam );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia oas );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia onusal );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia opanal );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia pca );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia rg );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia un );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia unctad );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia unesco );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia unhcr );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia unido );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia unprofor );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia unu );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia upu );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia wcl );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia wftu );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia who );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia wipo );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia wmo );; line 25142 (wfb::member_of colombia wto );; line 25142 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us colombia chief_of_mission "Ambassador Carlos LLERAS de la Fuente" );; line 25151 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us colombia chancery "2118 Leroy Place NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 25153 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us colombia telephone "[1] (202) 387-8338" );; line 25155 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us colombia fax "[1] (202) 232-8643" );; line 25157 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us colombia |consulate(s) general| "Boston, Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New Orleans, New York, San Francisco, San Juan (Puerto Rico), and Washington, DC" );; line 25159 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us colombia |consulate(s)| "Atlanta and Tampa" );; line 25162 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation colombia chief_of_mission "Ambassador Myles R. R. FRECHETTE" );; line 25167 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation colombia embassy "Calle 38, No. 8-61, Bogota" );; line 25169 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation colombia mailing_address "Apartado Aereo 3831, Bogota; APO AA 34038" );; line 25171 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation colombia telephone "[57] (1) 320-1300" );; line 25173 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation colombia fax "[57] (1) 288-5687" );; line 25175 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation colombia |consulate(s)| "Barranquilla" );; line 25177 (wfb::flag colombia "three horizontal bands of yellow (top, double-width), blue, and red; similar to the flag of Ecuador, which is longer and bears the Ecuadorian coat of arms superimposed in the center" );; line 25181 (wfb::overview colombia "Colombia's economy has grown steadily since 1991, when the government implemented sweeping economic reform measures. President SAMPER, who took office in August 1994, has pledged to maintain those reforms while expanding government assistance for poor Colombians, who continue to make up about 40% of the population. In an effort to bring down inflation, SAMPER has arranged a \"social pact\" with business and labor to curtail price hikes and trim inflation to 18%. The rapid development of oil, coal, and other nontraditional industries, along with copious inflows of capital and strengthening of prices for coffee, have helped keep growth at 5%-6%. Development of the massive Cusiana oilfield provides the means to sustain this level over the next several years. Exporters say, however, that their sales have been hampered by the appreciation of the Colombian peso, and farmers have sought government help in adjusting to greater foreign competition. Moreover, increased foreign investment and even greater domestic growth have been hindered by an inadequate energy and transportation infrastructure and by violence stemming from drug trafficking and persistent rural insurgency." );; line 25188 (wfb::estimation-date national_product colombia date_1994 );; line 25207 (wfb::national_product colombia (* 172.4e9 $) );; line 25207 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate colombia date_1994 );; line 25211 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate colombia (* 5.7 %) );; line 25211 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita colombia date_1994 );; line 25215 (wfb::national_product_per_capita colombia (* 4850 $) );; line 25215 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| colombia "22.6% (1994 est.)" );; line 25219 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate colombia date_1994 );; line 25223 (wfb::unemployment_rate colombia (* 7.9 %) );; line 25223 (wfb::estimation-date budget colombia date_1995 );; line 25228 (wfb::estimation-date budget colombia revenues date_1995 );; line 25228 (wfb::budget colombia revenues (* 16e9 $) );; line 25228 (wfb::estimation-date budget colombia date_1995 );; line 25230 (wfb::estimation-date budget colombia expenditures date_1995 );; line 25230 (wfb::budget colombia expenditures (* 21e9 $) );; line 25230 (wfb::exports colombia (* 8.3e9 $) );; line 25234 (wfb::exports colombia commodities petroleum-commodity n/a );; line 25236 (wfb::exports colombia commodities coffee n/a );; line 25236 (wfb::exports colombia commodities coal-commodity n/a );; line 25236 (wfb::exports colombia commodities bananas n/a );; line 25236 (wfb::exports colombia commodities fresh_cut_flowers n/a );; line 25236 (wfb::measurement-date exports colombia date_1992 );; line 25238 (wfb::exports colombia partners us (* 39 %) );; line 25238 (wfb::exports colombia partners ec (* 25.7 %) );; line 25238 (wfb::exports colombia partners japan (* 2.9 %) );; line 25238 (wfb::exports colombia partners venezuela (* 8.5 %) );; line 25238 (wfb::imports colombia (* 10.6e9 $) );; line 25242 (wfb::imports colombia commodities industrial_equipment n/a );; line 25244 (wfb::imports colombia commodities transportation_equipment n/a );; line 25244 (wfb::imports colombia commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 25244 (wfb::imports colombia commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 25244 (wfb::imports colombia commodities paper_products n/a );; line 25244 (wfb::measurement-date imports colombia date_1992 );; line 25247 (wfb::imports colombia partners us (* 36 %) );; line 25247 (wfb::imports colombia partners ec (* 18 %) );; line 25247 (wfb::imports colombia partners brazil (* 4 %) );; line 25247 (wfb::imports colombia partners venezuela (* 6.5 %) );; line 25247 (wfb::imports colombia partners japan (* 8.7 %) );; line 25247 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt colombia date_1994 );; line 25251 (wfb::external_debt colombia (* 12.6e9 $) );; line 25251 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 25255 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production colombia date_1994 );; line 25255 (wfb::industrial_production colombia growth_rate (* 5 %) );; line 25255 (wfb::electricity colombia capacity (* 10220000 kw) );; line 25260 (wfb::electricity colombia production (* 33e9 kwh) );; line 25262 (wfb::measurement-date electricity colombia consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 25264 (wfb::electricity colombia consumption_per_capita (* 890 kwh) );; line 25264 (wfb::industry colombia textiles );; line 25268 (wfb::industry colombia food_processing );; line 25268 (wfb::industry colombia oil );; line 25268 (wfb::industry colombia clothing );; line 25268 (wfb::industry colombia footwear-industry );; line 25268 (wfb::industry colombia beverages-industry );; line 25268 (wfb::industry colombia chemicals );; line 25268 (wfb::industry colombia metal_products );; line 25268 (wfb::industry colombia cement );; line 25268 (wfb::industry colombia mining_-_gold );; line 25268 (wfb::industry colombia coal-industry );; line 25268 (wfb::industry colombia emeralds-industry );; line 25268 (wfb::industry colombia iron );; line 25268 (wfb::industry colombia nickel-industry );; line 25268 (wfb::industry colombia silver-industry );; line 25268 (wfb::industry colombia salt-industry );; line 25268 (wfb::agriculture colombia "growth rate 3.8% (1994 est.); accounts for about 15% of GDP; crops make up two-thirds and livestock one-third of agricultural output; climate and soils permit a wide variety of crops, such as coffee, rice, tobacco, corn, sugarcane, cocoa beans, oilseeds, vegetables; forest products and shrimp farming are becoming more important" );; line 25274 (wfb::illicit_drugs colombia "illicit producer of coca, opium poppies, and cannabis; about 45,000 hectares of coca under cultivation; the world's largest processor of coca derivatives into cocaine; supplier of cocaine to the US and other international drug markets; active eradication program against narcotics crop" );; line 25282 (wfb::economic_aid colombia recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $1.6 billion; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $3.3 billion; Communist countries (1970-89), $399 million" );; line 25290 (wfb::abbreviation colombian_peso "Col$" );; line 25296 (wfb::currency colombia colombian_peso 100 centavos );; line 25296 (wfb::exchange_rates colombia "Colombian pesos (Col$) per US$1 - 846.67 (January 1995), 844.84 (1994), 863.06 (1993), 759.28 (1992), 633.05 (1991), 502.26 (1990)" );; line 25300 (wfb::fiscal_year colombia date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 25305 (wfb::railroads colombia total "3,386 km" );; line 25311 (wfb::railroads colombia standard_gauge "150 km 1.435-m gauge" );; line 25313 (wfb::railroads colombia narrow_gauge "3,236 km 0.914-m gauge (2,611 km in use)" );; line 25315 (wfb::measurement-date highways colombia date_1991 );; line 25320 (wfb::highways colombia paved (* 12778 km) );; line 25322 (wfb::highways colombia gravel/earth (* 94599 km) );; line 25324 (wfb::inland_waterways colombia "14,300 km, navigable by river boats" );; line 25328 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 3585 km) );; line 25332 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 1350 km) );; line 25332 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 830 km) );; line 25332 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas_liquids (* 125 km) );; line 25332 (wfb::port colombia barranquilla-colombia );; line 25337 (wfb::port colombia buenaventura-colombia );; line 25337 (wfb::port colombia cartagena-colombia );; line 25337 (wfb::port colombia leticia-colombia );; line 25337 (wfb::port colombia puerto_bolivar-colombia );; line 25337 (wfb::port colombia san_andres-colombia );; line 25337 (wfb::port colombia santa_marta-colombia );; line 25337 (wfb::port colombia tumaco-colombia );; line 25337 (wfb::port colombia turbo-colombia );; line 25337 (wfb::merchant_marine colombia total "22 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 104,577 GRT/142,617 DWT" );; line 25343 (wfb::merchant_marine colombia ships_by_type "bulk 6, cargo 9, container 4, oil tanker 3" );; line 25345 (wfb::airports colombia total 1307 );; line 25350 (wfb::airports colombia |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 2 );; line 25352 (wfb::airports colombia |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 7 );; line 25354 (wfb::airports colombia |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 34 );; line 25356 (wfb::airports colombia |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 31 );; line 25358 (wfb::airports colombia with_paved_runways_under_914_m 734 );; line 25360 (wfb::airports colombia |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 80 );; line 25362 (wfb::airports colombia |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 419 );; line 25364 (wfb::telephone_system colombia "1,890,000 telephones; modern system in many respects" );; line 25369 (wfb::telephone_system colombia local "NA" );; line 25371 (wfb::telephone_system colombia intercity "nationwide microwave radio relay system; 11 domestic earth stations" );; line 25373 (wfb::telephone_system colombia international "2 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth stations" );; line 25376 (wfb::radio colombia broadcast_stations am 413 );; line 25381 (wfb::radio colombia broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 25381 (wfb::radio colombia broadcast_stations shortwave 28 );; line 25381 (wfb::radio colombia radios n/a );; line 25383 (wfb::television colombia broadcast_stations 33 );; line 25388 (wfb::television colombia televisions n/a );; line 25390 (wfb::comment defense_branch colombia army_colombia "Ejercito Nacional" );; line 25396 (wfb::defense_branch colombia army_colombia );; line 25396 (wfb::comment defense_branch colombia navy_colombia "Armada Nacional, includes Marines and Coast Guard" );; line 25396 (wfb::defense_branch colombia navy_colombia );; line 25396 (wfb::comment defense_branch colombia air_force_colombia "Fuerza Aerea Colombiana" );; line 25396 (wfb::defense_branch colombia air_force_colombia );; line 25396 (wfb::comment defense_branch colombia national_police_colombia "Policia Nacional" );; line 25396 (wfb::defense_branch colombia national_police_colombia );; line 25396 (wfb::manpower_availability colombia "males age 15-49 9,851,980; males fit for military service 6,640,348; males reach military age (18) annually 349,599 (1995 est.)" );; line 25402 (wfb::estimation-date defense_expenditures colombia date_1992 );; line 25407 (wfb::markup-parameter figure comoros "graphno=\"cn.tif\"" );; line 25413 (wfb::location comoros "Southern Africa, group of islands in the Mozambique Channel, about two-thirds of the way between northern Madagascar and northern Mozambique" );; line 25417 (wfb::map_references comoros "Africa" );; line 25423 (wfb::area comoros total_area (* 2170 sq_km) );; line 25428 (wfb::area comoros land_area (* 2170 sq_km) );; line 25430 (wfb::area comoros comparative_area "slightly more than 12 times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 25432 (wfb::coastline comoros (* 340 km) );; line 25440 (wfb::maritime_claims comoros exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 25445 (wfb::maritime_claims comoros territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 25447 (wfb::international_disputes comoros "claims French-administered Mayotte" );; line 25451 (wfb::climate comoros "tropical marine" );; line 25455 (wfb::climate comoros "rainy season (November to May)" );; line 25455 (wfb::terrain comoros "volcanic islands, interiors vary from steep mountains to low hills" );; line 25459 (wfb::natural-resource comoros negligible );; line 25464 (wfb::land_use comoros arable_land (* 35 %) );; line 25469 (wfb::land_use comoros permanent_crops (* 8 %) );; line 25471 (wfb::land_use comoros meadows_and_pastures (* 7 %) );; line 25473 (wfb::land_use comoros forest_and_woodland (* 16 %) );; line 25475 (wfb::land_use comoros other (* 34 %) );; line 25477 (wfb::irrigated_land comoros (* n/a sq_km) );; line 25481 (wfb::environment comoros current_issues "soil degradation and erosion results from crop cultivation on slopes without proper terracing" );; line 25486 (wfb::environment comoros current_issues "deforestation" );; line 25486 (wfb::environment comoros natural_hazards "cyclones and tsunamis possible during rainy season (December to April)" );; line 25489 (wfb::environment comoros natural_hazards "Mount Kartala on Grand Comore is an active volcano" );; line 25489 (wfb::environment comoros international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection" );; line 25492 (wfb::environment comoros international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Desertification" );; line 25492 (wfb::note comoros "important location at northern end of Mozambique Channel" );; line 25498 (wfb::estimation-date population comoros date_jul_1995 );; line 25504 (wfb::population comoros 549338 );; line 25504 (wfb::age_structure comoros 0-14_years (* 48 %) );; line 25509 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex comoros 0-14_years female 131334 );; line 25509 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex comoros 0-14_years male 132327 );; line 25509 (wfb::age_structure comoros 15-64_years (* 49 %) );; line 25511 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex comoros 15-64_years female 137083 );; line 25511 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex comoros 15-64_years male 133629 );; line 25511 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure comoros 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 25513 (wfb::age_structure comoros 65_years_and_over (* 3 %) );; line 25513 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex comoros 65_years_and_over female 7860 );; line 25513 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex comoros 65_years_and_over male 7105 );; line 25513 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate comoros date_1995 );; line 25517 (wfb::population_growth_rate comoros (* 3.56 %) );; line 25517 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate comoros date_1995 );; line 25521 (wfb::birth_rate comoros (* 46.22 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 25521 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate comoros date_1995 );; line 25525 (wfb::death_rate comoros (* 10.6 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 25525 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate comoros date_1995 );; line 25529 (wfb::net_migration_rate comoros (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 25529 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate comoros date_1995 );; line 25533 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate comoros (* 77.3 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 25533 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth comoros total_population (* 58.27 years) );; line 25538 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth comoros male (* 56.04 years) );; line 25540 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth comoros female date_1995 );; line 25542 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth comoros female (* 60.57 years) );; line 25542 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate comoros date_1995 );; line 25546 (wfb::total_fertility_rate comoros (* 6.73 children_born/woman) );; line 25546 (wfb::nationality comoros noun "Comoran(s)" );; line 25551 (wfb::nationality comoros adjective "Comoran" );; line 25553 (wfb::ethnic-entity comoros antalote n/a );; line 25557 (wfb::ethnic-entity comoros cafre n/a );; line 25557 (wfb::ethnic-entity comoros makoa n/a );; line 25557 (wfb::ethnic-entity comoros oimatsaha n/a );; line 25557 (wfb::ethnic-entity comoros sakalava n/a );; line 25557 (wfb::religion comoros sunni_muslim (* 86 %) );; line 25561 (wfb::religion comoros roman_catholic (* 14 %) );; line 25561 (wfb::language comoros arabic n/a );; line 25565 (wfb::comment language comoros arabic "official" );; line 25565 (wfb::language comoros french n/a );; line 25565 (wfb::comment language comoros french "official" );; line 25565 (wfb::language comoros comoran n/a );; line 25565 (wfb::comment language comoros comoran "a blend of Swahili and Arabic" );; line 25565 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition comoros date_1980 );; line 25570 (wfb::literacy-condition comoros "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 25570 (wfb::literacy comoros total_population (* 48 %) );; line 25572 (wfb::literacy comoros male (* 56 %) );; line 25574 (wfb::literacy comoros female (* 40 %) );; line 25576 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force comoros date_1982 );; line 25580 (wfb::total_labor_force comoros 140000 );; line 25580 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation comoros agriculture (* 80 %) );; line 25582 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation comoros government (* 3 %) );; line 25582 (wfb::names comoros conventional_long_form "Federal Islamic Republic of the Comoros" );; line 25588 (wfb::names comoros conventional_short_form "Comoros" );; line 25590 (wfb::names comoros local_long_form "Republique Federale Islamique des Comores" );; line 25592 (wfb::names comoros local_short_form "Comores" );; line 25594 (wfb::digraph comoros "CN" );; line 25598 (wfb::type comoros "independent republic" );; line 25602 (wfb::capital comoros moroni-comoros );; line 25606 (wfb::comment administrative_divisions comoros "there are also four municipalities named Domoni, Fomboni, Moroni, and Mutsamudu" );; line 25613 (wfb::independence comoros date_6_jul_1975 "France" );; line 25618 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1975 );; line 25622 (wfb::comment national_holiday comoros "1975" );; line 25622 (wfb::national_holiday comoros "Independence Day" date_6_jul );; line 25622 (wfb::constitution comoros "7 June 1992" );; line 25626 (wfb::legal_system comoros "French and Muslim law in a new consolidated code" );; line 25630 (wfb::comment suffrage comoros " universal" );; line 25634 (wfb::suffrage comoros (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 25634 (wfb::comment executive_branch comoros chief_of_state "election last held 11 March 1990 (next to be held March 1996)" );; line 25639 (wfb::comment executive_branch comoros chief_of_state "results - Said Mohamed DJOHAR (UDZIMA) 55%, Mohamed TAKI Abdulkarim (UNDC) 45%" );; line 25639 (wfb::executive_branch comoros chief_of_state "President Said Mohamed DJOHAR " date_11_mar_1990 );; line 25639 (wfb::comment executive_branch comoros head_of_government "note - HOUMADI is the fifteenth prime minister appointed by President DJOHAR in the last three years" );; line 25643 (wfb::executive_branch comoros head_of_government "Prime Minister Halifa HOUMADI " date_13_oct_1994 );; line 25643 (wfb::comment executive_branch comoros cabinet "appointed by the president" );; line 25647 (wfb::executive_branch comoros cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 25647 (wfb::legislative_structure comoros unicameral n/a );; line 25651 (wfb::legislative_branch comoros "Federal Assembly (Assemblee Federale)" "elections last held 12-20 December 1993 (next to be held by NA January 1998); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (42 total) Ruling Coalition: RDR 15, UNDC 5, MWANGAZA 2; Opposition: UDZIMA 8, other smaller parties 10; 2 seats remained unfilled" );; line 25653 (wfb::judicial_branch comoros "Supreme Court (Cour Supreme)" );; line 25660 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders comoros "over 20 political parties are currently active, the most important of which are; Comoran Union for Progress (UDZIMA), Omar TAMOU; Islands' Fraternity and Unity Party (CHUMA), Said Ali KEMAL; Comoran Party for Democracy and Progress (PCDP), Ali MROUDJAE; Realizing Freedom's Capability (UWEZO), Mouazair ABDALLAH; Democratic Front of the Comoros (FDR), Moustapha CHELKH; Dialogue Proposition Action (DPA/MWANGAZA), Said MCHAWGAMA; Rally for Change and Democracy (RACHADE), Hassan HACHIM; Union for Democracy and Decentralization (UNDC), Mohamed Taki Halidi IBRAHAM; Rally for Democracy and Renewal (RDR); Comoran Popular Front (FPC), Mohamed HASSANALI, Mohamed El Arif OUKACHA, Abdou MOUSTAKIM (Secretary General)" );; line 25664 (wfb::member_of comoros acct );; line 25677 (wfb::member_of comoros acp );; line 25677 (wfb::member_of comoros afdb );; line 25677 (wfb::member_of comoros al );; line 25677 (wfb::member_of comoros ccc );; line 25677 (wfb::member_of comoros eca );; line 25677 (wfb::member_of comoros fao );; line 25677 (wfb::member_of comoros fz );; line 25677 (wfb::member_of comoros g-77 );; line 25677 (wfb::member_of comoros ibrd );; line 25677 (wfb::member_of comoros icao );; line 25677 (wfb::member_of comoros ida );; line 25677 (wfb::member_of comoros idb );; line 25677 (wfb::member_of comoros ifad );; line 25677 (wfb::member_of comoros ifc );; line 25677 (wfb::member_of comoros ifrcs );; line 25677 (wfb::comment member_of comoros ifrcs "associate" );; line 25677 (wfb::member_of comoros ilo );; line 25677 (wfb::member_of comoros imf );; line 25677 (wfb::member_of comoros intelsat );; line 25677 (wfb::comment member_of comoros intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 25677 (wfb::member_of comoros ioc );; line 25677 (wfb::member_of comoros itu );; line 25677 (wfb::member_of comoros nam );; line 25677 (wfb::member_of comoros oau );; line 25677 (wfb::member_of comoros oic );; line 25677 (wfb::member_of comoros un );; line 25677 (wfb::member_of comoros unctad );; line 25677 (wfb::member_of comoros unesco );; line 25677 (wfb::member_of comoros unido );; line 25677 (wfb::member_of comoros upu );; line 25677 (wfb::member_of comoros who );; line 25677 (wfb::member_of comoros wmo );; line 25677 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us comoros chief_of_mission "Ambassador Mohamed Ahamadu DJIMBANAO (ambassador to the US and Canada)" );; line 25684 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us comoros chancery "(temporary) care of the Permanent Mission of the Federal and Islamic Republic of the Comoros to the United Nations, 336 East 45th Street, 2nd Floor, New York, NY 10017" );; line 25687 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us comoros telephone "[1] (212) 972-8010" );; line 25691 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us comoros fax "[1] (212) 983-4712" );; line 25693 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation comoros "none; ambassador to Port Louis, Mauritius, is accredited to Comoros" );; line 25697 (wfb::flag comoros "green with a white crescent in the center of the field, its points facing upward; there are four white five-pointed stars placed in a line between the points of the crescent; the crescent, stars, and color green are traditional symbols of Islam; the four stars represent the four main islands of the archipelago - Mwali, Njazidja, Nzwani, and Mayotte (a territorial collectivity of France, but claimed by Comoros); the design, the most recent of several, is described in the constitution approved by referendum on 7 June 1992" );; line 25702 (wfb::overview comoros "One of the world's poorest countries, Comoros is made up of several islands that have poor transportation links, a young and rapidly increasing population, and few natural resources. The low educational level of the labor force contributes to a subsistence level of economic activity, high unemployment, and a heavy dependence on foreign grants and technical assistance. Agriculture, including fishing, hunting, and forestry, is the leading sector of the economy. It contributes 40% to GDP, employs 80% of the labor force, and provides most of the exports. The country is not self-sufficient in food production; rice, the main staple, accounts for 90% of imports. The government is struggling to upgrade education and technical training, to privatize commercial and industrial enterprises, to improve health services, to diversify exports, and to reduce the high population growth rate. Continued foreign support is essential if the goal of 4% annual GDP growth is to be reached in the late 1990s." );; line 25713 (wfb::estimation-date national_product comoros date_1994 );; line 25730 (wfb::national_product comoros (* 370e6 $) );; line 25730 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate comoros date_1994 );; line 25734 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate comoros (* 0.9 %) );; line 25734 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita comoros date_1994 );; line 25738 (wfb::national_product_per_capita comoros (* 700 $) );; line 25738 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| comoros "15% (1993 est.)" );; line 25742 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate comoros date_1989 );; line 25746 (wfb::unemployment_rate comoros (* 15.8 %) );; line 25746 (wfb::budget comoros revenues (* 83e6 $) );; line 25751 (wfb::measurement-date budget comoros date_1992 );; line 25753 (wfb::budget comoros expenditures (* 92e6 $) );; line 25753 (wfb::budget comoros capital_expenditures (* 32e6 $) );; line 25753 (wfb::exports comoros (* 13.7e6 $) );; line 25757 (wfb::exports comoros commodities vanilla n/a );; line 25759 (wfb::exports comoros commodities ylang-ylang n/a );; line 25759 (wfb::exports comoros commodities cloves n/a );; line 25759 (wfb::exports comoros commodities perfume_oil n/a );; line 25759 (wfb::exports comoros commodities copra n/a );; line 25759 (wfb::measurement-date exports comoros date_1992 );; line 25761 (wfb::exports comoros partners us (* 44 %) );; line 25761 (wfb::exports comoros partners france (* 40 %) );; line 25761 (wfb::exports comoros partners germany (* 6 %) );; line 25761 (wfb::exports comoros partners africa (* 5 %) );; line 25761 (wfb::imports comoros (* 40.9e6 $) );; line 25765 (wfb::imports comoros commodities rice_and_other_foodstuffs n/a );; line 25767 (wfb::imports comoros commodities petroleum_products-commodity n/a );; line 25767 (wfb::imports comoros commodities cement-commodity n/a );; line 25767 (wfb::imports comoros commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 25767 (wfb::measurement-date imports comoros date_1992 );; line 25770 (wfb::imports comoros partners france (* 34 %) );; line 25770 (wfb::imports comoros partners south_africa (* 14 %) );; line 25770 (wfb::imports comoros partners kenya (* 8 %) );; line 25770 (wfb::imports comoros partners japan (* 4 %) );; line 25770 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt comoros date_1992 );; line 25774 (wfb::external_debt comoros (* 160e6 $) );; line 25774 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1989 );; line 25778 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production comoros date_1989 );; line 25778 (wfb::industrial_production comoros growth_rate (* -6.5 %) );; line 25778 (wfb::industrial_production comoros accounts_for (* 6 %_of_gdp) );; line 25778 (wfb::electricity comoros capacity (* 16000 kw) );; line 25783 (wfb::electricity comoros production (* 17e6 kwh) );; line 25785 (wfb::measurement-date electricity comoros consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 25787 (wfb::electricity comoros consumption_per_capita (* 27 kwh) );; line 25787 (wfb::industry comoros perfume_distillation );; line 25791 (wfb::industry comoros textiles );; line 25791 (wfb::industry comoros furniture );; line 25791 (wfb::industry comoros jewelry-industry );; line 25791 (wfb::industry comoros construction_materials-industry );; line 25791 (wfb::industry comoros soft_drinks );; line 25791 (wfb::agriculture comoros "accounts for 40% of GDP; most of population works in subsistence agriculture and fishing; plantations produce cash crops for export - vanilla, cloves, perfume essences, copra; principal food crops - coconuts, bananas, cassava; world's leading producer of essence of ylang-ylang (for perfumes) and second-largest producer of vanilla; large net food importer" );; line 25796 (wfb::economic_aid comoros recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY80-89), $10 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $435 million; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $22 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $18 million" );; line 25805 (wfb::abbreviation comoran_franc "CF" );; line 25812 (wfb::currency comoros comoran_franc 100 centimes );; line 25812 (wfb::exchange_rates comoros "Comoran francs (CF) per US$1 - 297.07 (January 1995), 416.40 (1994), 254.57 (1993), 264.69 (1992), 282.11 (1991), 272.26 (1990)" );; line 25816 (wfb::comment exchange_rates comoros "beginning 12 January 1994, the Comoran franc was devalued to 75 per French franc from 50 per French franc at which it had been fixed since 1948" );; line 25819 (wfb::fiscal_year comoros date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 25825 (wfb::railroads comoros "0 km" );; line 25830 (wfb::highways comoros total (* 750 km) );; line 25835 (wfb::highways comoros bituminous (* 210 km) );; line 25837 (wfb::highways comoros (union crushed_stone gravel ) (* 540 km) );; line 25839 (wfb::port comoros fomboni-comoros );; line 25843 (wfb::port comoros moroni-comoros );; line 25843 (wfb::port comoros mutsamudo-comoros );; line 25843 (wfb::merchant_marine comoros "none" );; line 25847 (wfb::airports comoros total 4 );; line 25852 (wfb::airports comoros |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 25854 (wfb::airports comoros |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 3 );; line 25856 (wfb::telephone_system comoros "over 1,800 telephones; sparse system of radio relay and high-frequency radio communication stations for interisland and external communications to Madagascar and Reunion" );; line 25861 (wfb::telephone_system comoros local "NA" );; line 25865 (wfb::telephone_system comoros intercity "high frequency radio and microwave radio relay" );; line 25867 (wfb::telephone_system comoros international "high frequency radio" );; line 25869 (wfb::radio comoros broadcast_stations am 2 );; line 25874 (wfb::radio comoros broadcast_stations fm 1 );; line 25874 (wfb::radio comoros broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 25874 (wfb::radio comoros radios n/a );; line 25876 (wfb::television comoros broadcast_stations 0 );; line 25881 (wfb::television comoros televisions n/a );; line 25883 (wfb::defense_branch comoros comoran_security_force_comoros );; line 25889 (wfb::manpower_availability comoros "males age 15-49 117,349; males fit for military service 70,178 (1995 est.)" );; line 25893 (wfb::markup-parameter figure congo "graphno=\"cf.tif\"" );; line 25904 (wfb::location congo "Western Africa, bordering the South Atlantic Ocean, between Angola and Gabon" );; line 25908 (wfb::map_references congo "Africa" );; line 25913 (wfb::area congo total_area (* 342000 sq_km) );; line 25918 (wfb::area congo land_area (* 341500 sq_km) );; line 25920 (wfb::area congo comparative_area "slightly smaller than Montana" );; line 25922 (wfb::borders congo total (* 5504 km) );; line 25926 (wfb::borders congo angola (* 201 km) );; line 25926 (wfb::borders congo cameroon (* 523 km) );; line 25926 (wfb::borders congo central_african_republic (* 467 km) );; line 25926 (wfb::borders congo gabon (* 1903 km) );; line 25926 (wfb::borders congo zaire (* 2410 km) );; line 25926 (wfb::coastline congo (* 169 km) );; line 25931 (wfb::maritime_claims congo territorial_sea (* 200 nm) );; line 25936 (wfb::international_disputes congo "long segment of boundary with Zaire along the Congo River is indefinite (no division of the river or its islands has been made)" );; line 25940 (wfb::climate congo "tropical" );; line 25945 (wfb::climate congo "rainy season (March to June)" );; line 25945 (wfb::climate congo "dry season (June to October)" );; line 25945 (wfb::climate congo "constantly high temperatures and humidity" );; line 25945 (wfb::climate congo "particularly enervating climate astride the Equator" );; line 25945 (wfb::terrain congo "coastal plain, southern basin, central plateau, northern basin" );; line 25951 (wfb::natural-resource congo petroleum );; line 25955 (wfb::natural-resource congo timber );; line 25955 (wfb::natural-resource congo potash );; line 25955 (wfb::natural-resource congo lead );; line 25955 (wfb::natural-resource congo zinc );; line 25955 (wfb::natural-resource congo uranium );; line 25955 (wfb::natural-resource congo copper );; line 25955 (wfb::natural-resource congo phosphates );; line 25955 (wfb::natural-resource congo natural_gas );; line 25955 (wfb::land_use congo arable_land (* 2 %) );; line 25961 (wfb::land_use congo permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 25963 (wfb::land_use congo meadows_and_pastures (* 29 %) );; line 25965 (wfb::land_use congo forest_and_woodland (* 62 %) );; line 25967 (wfb::land_use congo other (* 7 %) );; line 25969 (wfb::measurement-date irrigated_land congo date_1989 );; line 25973 (wfb::irrigated_land congo (* 40 sq_km) );; line 25973 (wfb::environment congo current_issues "air pollution from vehicle emissions" );; line 25978 (wfb::environment congo current_issues "water pollution from the dumping of raw sewage" );; line 25978 (wfb::environment congo current_issues "tap water is not potable" );; line 25978 (wfb::environment congo current_issues "deforestation" );; line 25978 (wfb::environment congo natural_hazards "seasonal flooding" );; line 25981 (wfb::environment congo international_agreements "party to - Endangered Species, Ozone Layer Protection, Tropical Timber 83" );; line 25983 (wfb::environment congo international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Law of the Sea, Tropical Timber 94" );; line 25983 (wfb::note congo "about 70% of the population lives in Brazzaville, Pointe Noire, or along the railroad between them" );; line 25989 (wfb::estimation-date population congo date_jul_1995 );; line 25996 (wfb::population congo 2504996 );; line 25996 (wfb::age_structure congo 0-14_years (* 44 %) );; line 26001 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex congo 0-14_years female 543324 );; line 26001 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex congo 0-14_years male 548840 );; line 26001 (wfb::age_structure congo 15-64_years (* 53 %) );; line 26003 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex congo 15-64_years female 682927 );; line 26003 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex congo 15-64_years male 645045 );; line 26003 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure congo 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 26005 (wfb::age_structure congo 65_years_and_over (* 3 %) );; line 26005 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex congo 65_years_and_over female 49879 );; line 26005 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex congo 65_years_and_over male 34981 );; line 26005 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate congo date_1995 );; line 26009 (wfb::population_growth_rate congo (* 2.32 %) );; line 26009 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate congo date_1995 );; line 26013 (wfb::birth_rate congo (* 39.86 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 26013 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate congo date_1995 );; line 26017 (wfb::death_rate congo (* 16.7 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 26017 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate congo date_1995 );; line 26021 (wfb::net_migration_rate congo (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 26021 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate congo date_1995 );; line 26025 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate congo (* 109.4 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 26025 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth congo total_population (* 47.09 years) );; line 26030 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth congo male (* 45.23 years) );; line 26032 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth congo female date_1995 );; line 26034 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth congo female (* 49 years) );; line 26034 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate congo date_1995 );; line 26038 (wfb::total_fertility_rate congo (* 5.23 children_born/woman) );; line 26038 (wfb::nationality congo noun "Congolese (singular and plural)" );; line 26043 (wfb::nationality congo adjective "Congolese or Congo" );; line 26045 (wfb::comment ethnic_divisions congo center "mostly French" );; line 26054 (wfb::religion congo christian (* 50 %) );; line 26058 (wfb::religion congo animist (* 48 %) );; line 26058 (wfb::religion congo muslim (* 2 %) );; line 26058 (wfb::language congo french n/a );; line 26062 (wfb::comment language congo french "official" );; line 26062 (wfb::language congo african_languages n/a );; line 26062 (wfb::comment language congo african_languages "Lingala and Kikongo are the most widely used" );; line 26062 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition congo date_1984 );; line 26067 (wfb::literacy-condition congo "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 26067 (wfb::literacy congo total_population (* 60 %) );; line 26069 (wfb::literacy congo male (* 71 %) );; line 26071 (wfb::literacy congo female (* 49 %) );; line 26073 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation congo agriculture (* 75 %) );; line 26079 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation congo commerce n/a );; line 26079 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation congo industry n/a );; line 26079 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation congo government (* 25 %) );; line 26079 (wfb::names congo conventional_long_form "Republic of the Congo" );; line 26085 (wfb::names congo conventional_short_form "Congo" );; line 26087 (wfb::names congo local_long_form "Republique Populaire du Congo" );; line 26089 (wfb::names congo local_short_form "Congo" );; line 26091 (wfb::names congo former "Congo/Brazzaville" );; line 26093 (wfb::digraph congo "CF" );; line 26097 (wfb::type congo "republic" );; line 26101 (wfb::capital congo brazzaville-congo );; line 26105 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_congo_regions "regions" "regions" "region" );; line 26109 (wfb::administrative_divisions congo adm_div_congo_regions 9 );; line 26109 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_congo_commune "commune" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 26109 (wfb::administrative_divisions congo adm_div_congo_commune 1 );; line 26109 (wfb::administrative_division_of congo adm_div_congo_regions "Bouenza" );; line 26109 (wfb::administrative_division_of congo adm_div_congo_commune "Brazzaville" );; line 26109 (wfb::administrative_division_of congo adm_div_congo_regions "Cuvette" );; line 26109 (wfb::administrative_division_of congo adm_div_congo_regions "Kouilou" );; line 26109 (wfb::administrative_division_of congo adm_div_congo_regions "Lekoumou" );; line 26109 (wfb::administrative_division_of congo adm_div_congo_regions "Likouala" );; line 26109 (wfb::administrative_division_of congo adm_div_congo_regions "Niari" );; line 26109 (wfb::administrative_division_of congo adm_div_congo_regions "Plateaux" );; line 26109 (wfb::administrative_division_of congo adm_div_congo_regions "Pool" );; line 26109 (wfb::administrative_division_of congo adm_div_congo_regions "Sangha" );; line 26109 (wfb::independence congo date_15_aug_1960 "France" );; line 26114 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1960 );; line 26118 (wfb::comment national_holiday congo "1960" );; line 26118 (wfb::national_holiday congo "Congolese National Day" date_15_aug );; line 26118 (wfb::constitution congo "new constitution approved by referendum March 1992" );; line 26122 (wfb::legal_system congo "based on French civil law system and customary law" );; line 26126 (wfb::comment suffrage congo " universal" );; line 26130 (wfb::suffrage congo (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 26130 (wfb::comment executive_branch congo chief_of_state "election last held August 1992 (next to be held August 1997)" );; line 26135 (wfb::comment executive_branch congo chief_of_state "results - President Pascal LISSOUBA won with 61% of the vote" );; line 26135 (wfb::executive_branch congo chief_of_state "President Pascal LISSOUBA " date_aug_1992 );; line 26135 (wfb::executive_branch congo head_of_government "Prime Minister Jacques Joachim YHOMBI-OPANGO " date_23_jun_1993 );; line 26139 (wfb::comment executive_branch congo cabinet "named by the president" );; line 26142 (wfb::executive_branch congo cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 26142 (wfb::legislative_structure congo bicameral n/a );; line 26146 (wfb::legislative_branch congo "National Assembly (Assemblee Nationale)" "election last held 3 October 1993; results - percentage vote by party NA; seats - (125 total) UPADS 64, URD/PCT 58, others 3" );; line 26148 (wfb::legislative_branch congo "Senate" "election last held 26 July 1992 (next to be held July 1998); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (60 total) UPADS 23, MCDDI 14, RDD 8, RDPS 5, PCT 2, others 8" );; line 26151 (wfb::judicial_branch congo "Supreme Court (Cour Supreme)" );; line 26157 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders congo "Congolese Labor Party (PCT), Denis SASSOU-NGUESSO, president; Pan-African Union for Social Development (UPADS), Pascal LISSOUBA, leader; Association for Democracy and Development (RDD), Joachim Yhombi OPANGO, president; Congolese Movement for Democracy and Integral Development (MCDDI), Bernard KOLELAS, leader; Association for Democracy and Social Progress (RDPS), Jean-Pierre Thystere TCHICAYA, president; Union of Democratic Forces (UFD), David Charles GANAO, leader; Union for Development and Social Progress (UDPS), Jean-Michael BOKAMBA-YANGOUMA, leader" );; line 26161 (wfb::comment political_parties_and_leaders congo "Congo has many political parties of which these are among the most important" );; line 26170 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups congo "Union of Congolese Socialist Youth (UJSC); Congolese Trade Union Congress (CSC); Revolutionary Union of Congolese Women (URFC); General Union of Congolese Pupils and Students (UGEEC)" );; line 26175 (wfb::member_of congo acct );; line 26181 (wfb::member_of congo acp );; line 26181 (wfb::member_of congo afdb );; line 26181 (wfb::member_of congo bdeac );; line 26181 (wfb::member_of congo ccc );; line 26181 (wfb::member_of congo ceeac );; line 26181 (wfb::member_of congo eca );; line 26181 (wfb::member_of congo fao );; line 26181 (wfb::member_of congo fz );; line 26181 (wfb::member_of congo g-77 );; line 26181 (wfb::member_of congo gatt );; line 26181 (wfb::member_of congo ibrd );; line 26181 (wfb::member_of congo icao );; line 26181 (wfb::member_of congo icrm );; line 26181 (wfb::member_of congo ida );; line 26181 (wfb::member_of congo ifad );; line 26181 (wfb::member_of congo ifc );; line 26181 (wfb::member_of congo ifrcs );; line 26181 (wfb::member_of congo ilo );; line 26181 (wfb::member_of congo imf );; line 26181 (wfb::member_of congo imo );; line 26181 (wfb::member_of congo intelsat );; line 26181 (wfb::member_of congo interpol );; line 26181 (wfb::member_of congo ioc );; line 26181 (wfb::member_of congo itu );; line 26181 (wfb::member_of congo nam );; line 26181 (wfb::member_of congo oau );; line 26181 (wfb::member_of congo udeac );; line 26181 (wfb::member_of congo un );; line 26181 (wfb::member_of congo unamir );; line 26181 (wfb::member_of congo unavem_ii );; line 26181 (wfb::member_of congo unctad );; line 26181 (wfb::member_of congo unesco );; line 26181 (wfb::member_of congo unido );; line 26181 (wfb::member_of congo upu );; line 26181 (wfb::member_of congo wftu );; line 26181 (wfb::member_of congo who );; line 26181 (wfb::member_of congo wipo );; line 26181 (wfb::member_of congo wmo );; line 26181 (wfb::member_of congo wto );; line 26181 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us congo chief_of_mission "Ambassador Pierre Damien BOUSSOUKOU-BOUMBA" );; line 26189 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us congo chancery "4891 Colorado Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20011" );; line 26191 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us congo telephone "[1] (202) 726-0825" );; line 26193 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us congo fax "[1] (202) 726-1860" );; line 26195 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation congo chief_of_mission "Ambassador William C. RAMSEY" );; line 26200 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation congo embassy "Avenue Amilcar Cabral, Brazzaville" );; line 26202 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation congo mailing_address "B. P. 1015, Brazzaville" );; line 26204 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation congo telephone "[242] 83 20 70" );; line 26206 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation congo fax "[242] 83 63 38" );; line 26208 (wfb::flag congo "red, divided diagonally from the lower hoist side by a yellow band; the upper triangle (hoist side) is green and the lower triangle is red; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia" );; line 26212 (wfb::overview congo "Congo's economy is a mixture of village agriculture and handicrafts, an industrial sector based largely on oil, support services, and a government characterized by budget problems and overstaffing. A reform program, supported by the IMF and World Bank, ran into difficulties in 1990-91 because of problems in changing to a democratic political regime and a heavy debt-servicing burden. Oil has supplanted forestry as the mainstay of the economy, providing about two-thirds of government revenues and exports. In the early 1980s rapidly rising oil revenues enabled Congo to finance large-scale development projects with growth averaging 5% annually, one of the highest rates in Africa. Subsequently, growth has slowed to an average of roughly 1.5% annually, only two-thirds of the population growth rate. Political turmoil and misguided government investment have derailed economic reform programs sponsored by the IMF and World Bank. Even with these difficulties Congo enjoys one of the highest incomes per capita in sub-Saharan Africa" );; line 26219 (wfb::estimation-date national_product congo date_1993 );; line 26236 (wfb::national_product congo (* 6.7e9 $) );; line 26236 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate congo date_1993 );; line 26240 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate congo (* -2.1 %) );; line 26240 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita congo date_1994 );; line 26244 (wfb::national_product_per_capita congo (* 2820 $) );; line 26244 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| congo "2.2% (1992 est.)" );; line 26248 (wfb::unemployment_rate congo (* n/a %) );; line 26252 (wfb::budget congo revenues (* 765e6 $) );; line 26257 (wfb::measurement-date budget congo date_1990 );; line 26259 (wfb::budget congo expenditures (* 952e6 $) );; line 26259 (wfb::budget congo capital_expenditures (* 65e6 $) );; line 26259 (wfb::exports congo (* 1.1e9 $) );; line 26264 (wfb::exports congo commodities crude_oil (* 83 %) );; line 26266 (wfb::exports congo commodities lumber-commodity n/a );; line 26266 (wfb::exports congo commodities plywood n/a );; line 26266 (wfb::exports congo commodities sugar-commodity n/a );; line 26266 (wfb::exports congo commodities cocoa n/a );; line 26266 (wfb::exports congo commodities coffee n/a );; line 26266 (wfb::exports congo commodities diamonds-commodity n/a );; line 26266 (wfb::exports congo partners us n/a );; line 26268 (wfb::exports congo partners italy n/a );; line 26268 (wfb::exports congo partners france n/a );; line 26268 (wfb::exports congo partners spain n/a );; line 26268 (wfb::imports congo (* 472e6 $) );; line 26272 (wfb::imports congo commodities intermediate_manufactures n/a );; line 26274 (wfb::imports congo commodities capital_equipment n/a );; line 26274 (wfb::imports congo commodities construction_materials n/a );; line 26274 (wfb::imports congo commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 26274 (wfb::imports congo partners france n/a );; line 26277 (wfb::imports congo partners us n/a );; line 26277 (wfb::imports congo partners italy n/a );; line 26277 (wfb::imports congo partners japan n/a );; line 26277 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt congo date_1993 );; line 26281 (wfb::external_debt congo (* 4e9 $) );; line 26281 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 26285 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production congo date_1993 );; line 26285 (wfb::industrial_production congo growth_rate (* 8 %) );; line 26285 (wfb::industrial_production congo accounts_for (* 35 %_of_gdp) );; line 26285 (wfb::electricity congo capacity (* 120000 kw) );; line 26291 (wfb::electricity congo production (* 400e6 kwh) );; line 26293 (wfb::measurement-date electricity congo consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 26295 (wfb::electricity congo consumption_per_capita (* 201 kwh) );; line 26295 (wfb::industry congo petroleum-industry );; line 26299 (wfb::industry congo cement );; line 26299 (wfb::industry congo lumbering );; line 26299 (wfb::industry congo brewing );; line 26299 (wfb::industry congo sugar_milling );; line 26299 (wfb::industry congo palm_oil );; line 26299 (wfb::industry congo soap );; line 26299 (wfb::industry congo cigarette );; line 26299 (wfb::agriculture congo "accounts for 12% of GDP (including fishing and forestry); cassava accounts for 90% of food output; other crops - rice, corn, peanuts, vegetables; cash crops include coffee and cocoa; forest products important export earner; imports over 90% of food needs" );; line 26304 (wfb::economic_aid congo recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-90), $63 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-90), $2.5 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $15 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $338 million" );; line 26312 (wfb::abbreviation cfa_franc "CFAF" );; line 26319 (wfb::currency congo cfa_franc 100 centimes );; line 26319 (wfb::exchange_rates congo "Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (CFAF) per US$1 - 529.43 (January 1994), 555.20 (1994), 283.16 (1993), 264.69 (1992), 282.11 (1991), 272.26 (1990)" );; line 26323 (wfb::comment exchange_rates congo "beginning 12 January 1994, the CFA franc was devalued to CFAF 100 per French franc from CFAF 50 at which it had been fixed since 1948" );; line 26327 (wfb::fiscal_year congo date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 26332 (wfb::railroads congo total "797 km (includes 285 km that are privately owned)" );; line 26338 (wfb::railroads congo narrow_gauge "797 km 1.067-m gauge" );; line 26340 (wfb::highways congo total (* 11960 km) );; line 26345 (wfb::highways congo paved (* 560 km) );; line 26347 (wfb::highways congo gravel_or_crushed_stone (* 850 km) );; line 26349 (wfb::highways congo improved_earth (* 5350 km) );; line 26349 (wfb::highways congo unimproved_earth (* 5200 km) );; line 26349 (wfb::inland_waterways congo "the Congo and Ubangi (Oubangui) Rivers provide 1,120 km of commercially navigable water transport; the rest are used for local traffic only" );; line 26354 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 25 km) );; line 26359 (wfb::port congo brazzaville-congo );; line 26363 (wfb::port congo impfondo-congo );; line 26363 (wfb::port congo ouesso-congo );; line 26363 (wfb::port congo oyo-congo );; line 26363 (wfb::port congo pointe-noire-congo );; line 26363 (wfb::merchant_marine congo "none" );; line 26367 (wfb::airports congo total 41 );; line 26372 (wfb::airports congo |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 26374 (wfb::airports congo |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 3 );; line 26376 (wfb::airports congo with_paved_runways_under_914_m 11 );; line 26378 (wfb::airports congo |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 8 );; line 26380 (wfb::airports congo |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 18 );; line 26382 (wfb::telephone_system congo "18,100 telephones; 7 telephones/1,000 persons; services adequate for government use; key centers are Brazzaville, Pointe-Noire, and Loubomo" );; line 26387 (wfb::telephone_system congo local "NA" );; line 26390 (wfb::telephone_system congo intercity "primary network consists of microwave radio relay and coaxial cable" );; line 26392 (wfb::telephone_system congo international "1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth station" );; line 26395 (wfb::radio congo broadcast_stations am 4 );; line 26400 (wfb::radio congo broadcast_stations fm 1 );; line 26400 (wfb::radio congo broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 26400 (wfb::radio congo radios n/a );; line 26402 (wfb::television congo broadcast_stations 4 );; line 26407 (wfb::television congo televisions n/a );; line 26409 (wfb::defense_branch congo army_congo );; line 26415 (wfb::comment defense_branch congo navy_congo "includes Marines" );; line 26415 (wfb::defense_branch congo navy_congo );; line 26415 (wfb::defense_branch congo air_force_congo );; line 26415 (wfb::defense_branch congo national_police_congo );; line 26415 (wfb::manpower_availability congo "males age 15-49 568,663; males fit for military service 289,335; males reach military age (20) annually 24,749 (1995 est.)" );; line 26419 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures congo date_1993 );; line 26424 (wfb::defense_expenditures congo (* 110e6 $) );; line 26424 (wfb::defense_expenditures congo (* 3.8 %_of_gdp) );; line 26424 (wfb::markup-parameter figure cook_islands "graphno=\"cw.tif\"" );; line 26430 (wfb::header cook_islands "(free association with New Zealand)" );; line 26430 (wfb::location cook_islands "Oceania, group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand" );; line 26435 (wfb::map_references cook_islands "Oceania" );; line 26440 (wfb::area cook_islands total_area (* 240 sq_km) );; line 26445 (wfb::area cook_islands land_area (* 240 sq_km) );; line 26447 (wfb::area cook_islands comparative_area "slightly less than 1.3 times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 26449 (wfb::coastline cook_islands (* 120 km) );; line 26457 (wfb::maritime_claims cook_islands exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 26464 (wfb::maritime_claims cook_islands territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 26466 (wfb::international_disputes cook_islands "none" );; line 26470 (wfb::climate cook_islands "tropical" );; line 26474 (wfb::climate cook_islands "moderated by trade winds" );; line 26474 (wfb::terrain cook_islands "low coral atolls in north" );; line 26478 (wfb::terrain cook_islands "volcanic, hilly islands in south" );; line 26478 (wfb::natural-resource cook_islands negligible );; line 26482 (wfb::land_use cook_islands arable_land (* 4 %) );; line 26487 (wfb::land_use cook_islands permanent_crops (* 22 %) );; line 26489 (wfb::land_use cook_islands meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 26491 (wfb::land_use cook_islands forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 26493 (wfb::land_use cook_islands other (* 74 %) );; line 26495 (wfb::irrigated_land cook_islands (* n/a sq_km) );; line 26499 (wfb::environment cook_islands current_issues "NA" );; line 26504 (wfb::environment cook_islands natural_hazards "typhoons (November to March)" );; line 26506 (wfb::environment cook_islands international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change" );; line 26508 (wfb::environment cook_islands international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Law of the Sea" );; line 26508 (wfb::estimation-date population cook_islands date_jul_1995 );; line 26515 (wfb::population cook_islands 19343 );; line 26515 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate cook_islands date_1995 );; line 26528 (wfb::population_growth_rate cook_islands (* 1.13 %) );; line 26528 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate cook_islands date_1995 );; line 26532 (wfb::birth_rate cook_islands (* 23.05 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 26532 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate cook_islands date_1995 );; line 26536 (wfb::death_rate cook_islands (* 5.2 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 26536 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate cook_islands date_1995 );; line 26540 (wfb::net_migration_rate cook_islands (* -6.53 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 26540 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate cook_islands date_1995 );; line 26544 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate cook_islands (* 24.7 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 26544 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth cook_islands total_population (* 71.14 years) );; line 26549 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth cook_islands male (* 69.2 years) );; line 26551 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth cook_islands female date_1995 );; line 26553 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth cook_islands female (* 73.1 years) );; line 26553 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate cook_islands date_1995 );; line 26557 (wfb::total_fertility_rate cook_islands (* 3.27 children_born/woman) );; line 26557 (wfb::nationality cook_islands noun "Cook Islander(s)" );; line 26562 (wfb::nationality cook_islands adjective "Cook Islander" );; line 26564 (wfb::ethnic-entity cook_islands |Polynesian (full blood)| (* 81.3 %) );; line 26568 (wfb::ethnic-entity cook_islands polynesian_and_european (* 7.7 %) );; line 26568 (wfb::ethnic-entity cook_islands polynesian_and_other (* 7.7 %) );; line 26568 (wfb::ethnic-entity cook_islands european (* 2.4 %) );; line 26568 (wfb::comment religions cook_islands "majority of populace members of Cook Islands Christian Church" );; line 26573 (wfb::religion cook_islands christian n/a );; line 26573 (wfb::language cook_islands english n/a );; line 26578 (wfb::comment language cook_islands english "official" );; line 26578 (wfb::language cook_islands maori n/a );; line 26578 (wfb::literacy-condition cook_islands "NA%" );; line 26582 (wfb::total_labor_force cook_islands 5810 );; line 26586 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force cook_islands by_occupation date_1981 );; line 26588 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1981 );; line 26588 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation cook_islands agriculture (* 29 %) );; line 26588 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation cook_islands government (* 27 %) );; line 26588 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation cook_islands services (* 25 %) );; line 26588 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation cook_islands industry (* 15 %) );; line 26588 (wfb::names cook_islands conventional_short_form "Cook Islands" );; line 26597 (wfb::digraph cook_islands "CW" );; line 26601 (wfb::type cook_islands "self-governing parliamentary government in free association with New Zealand; Cook Islands is fully responsible for internal affairs; New Zealand retains responsibility for external affairs, in consultation with the Cook Islands" );; line 26605 (wfb::capital cook_islands avarua-cook_islands );; line 26612 (wfb::comment independence cook_islands "became self-governing in free association with New Zealand on 4 August 1965 and has the right at any time to move to full independence by unilateral action" );; line 26620 (wfb::national_holiday cook_islands "Constitution Day" date_4_aug );; line 26626 (wfb::constitution cook_islands "4 August 1965" );; line 26630 (wfb::legal_system cook_islands "NA" );; line 26634 (wfb::comment executive_branch cook_islands chief_of_state "Representative of the Queen Apenera SHORT (since NA)" );; line 26643 (wfb::comment executive_branch cook_islands chief_of_state "Representative of New Zealand Adrian SINCOCK (since NA)" );; line 26643 (wfb::executive_branch cook_islands chief_of_state "Queen ELIZABETH II " date_6_feb_1952 );; line 26643 (wfb::comment executive_branch cook_islands head_of_government "Deputy Prime Minister Inatio AKARURU (since 1 February 1989)" );; line 26647 (wfb::executive_branch cook_islands head_of_government "Prime Minister Geoffrey HENRY " date_1_feb_1989 );; line 26647 (wfb::comment executive_branch cook_islands cabinet "collectively responsible to the Parliament" );; line 26650 (wfb::executive_branch cook_islands cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 26650 (wfb::legislative_structure cook_islands unicameral n/a );; line 26654 (wfb::legislative_branch cook_islands "Parliament" "elections last held 24 March 1994 (next to be held NA); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (25 total) Cook Islands Party 20, Democratic Party 3, Alliance Party 2" );; line 26656 (wfb::comment legislative_branch cook_islands "the House of Arikis (chiefs) advises on traditional matters, but has no legislative powers" );; line 26660 (wfb::judicial_branch cook_islands "High Court" );; line 26665 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders cook_islands "Cook Islands Party, Geoffrey HENRY; Democratic Party, Sir Thomas DAVIS; Cook Islands Labor Party, Rena JONASSEN; Cook Islands People's Party, Sadaraka SADARAKA; Alliance Party, Norman GEORGE" );; line 26669 (wfb::member_of cook_islands asdb );; line 26675 (wfb::member_of cook_islands escap );; line 26675 (wfb::comment member_of cook_islands escap "associate" );; line 26675 (wfb::member_of cook_islands icao );; line 26675 (wfb::member_of cook_islands icftu );; line 26675 (wfb::member_of cook_islands ifad );; line 26675 (wfb::member_of cook_islands intelsat );; line 26675 (wfb::comment member_of cook_islands intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 26675 (wfb::member_of cook_islands ioc );; line 26675 (wfb::member_of cook_islands sparteca );; line 26675 (wfb::member_of cook_islands spc );; line 26675 (wfb::member_of cook_islands spf );; line 26675 (wfb::member_of cook_islands unesco );; line 26675 (wfb::member_of cook_islands who );; line 26675 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us cook_islands "none (self-governing in free association with New Zealand)" );; line 26680 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation cook_islands "none (self-governing in free association with New Zealand)" );; line 26684 (wfb::flag cook_islands "blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and a large circle of 15 white five-pointed stars (one for every island) centered in the outer half of the flag" );; line 26688 (wfb::overview cook_islands "Agriculture provides the economic base. The major export earners are fruit, copra, and clothing. Manufacturing activities are limited to a fruit-processing plant and several clothing factories. Economic development is hindered by the isolation of the islands from foreign markets and a lack of natural resources and good transportation links. A large trade deficit is annually made up for by remittances from emigrants and from foreign aid, largely from New Zealand. Current economic development plans call for exploiting the tourism potential and expanding the fishing industry." );; line 26695 (wfb::estimation-date national_product cook_islands date_1993 );; line 26706 (wfb::national_product cook_islands (* 57e6 $) );; line 26706 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate cook_islands (* n/a %) );; line 26710 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita cook_islands date_1993 );; line 26714 (wfb::national_product_per_capita cook_islands (* 3000 $) );; line 26714 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| cook_islands "6.2% (1990)" );; line 26718 (wfb::unemployment_rate cook_islands (* n/a %) );; line 26722 (wfb::budget cook_islands revenues (* 38e6 $) );; line 26727 (wfb::estimation-date budget cook_islands date_1993 );; line 26729 (wfb::budget cook_islands expenditures (* 34.4e6 $) );; line 26729 (wfb::budget cook_islands capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 26729 (wfb::exports cook_islands (* 3.4e6 $) );; line 26733 (wfb::exports cook_islands commodities copra n/a );; line 26735 (wfb::exports cook_islands commodities fresh_and_canned_fruit n/a );; line 26735 (wfb::exports cook_islands commodities clothing-commodity n/a );; line 26735 (wfb::exports cook_islands partners nz (* 80 %) );; line 26737 (wfb::exports cook_islands partners japan n/a );; line 26737 (wfb::imports cook_islands (* 50e6 $) );; line 26741 (wfb::imports cook_islands commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 26743 (wfb::imports cook_islands commodities textiles-commodity n/a );; line 26743 (wfb::imports cook_islands commodities fuels n/a );; line 26743 (wfb::imports cook_islands commodities timber-commodity n/a );; line 26743 (wfb::imports cook_islands partners nz (* 49 %) );; line 26745 (wfb::imports cook_islands partners japan n/a );; line 26745 (wfb::imports cook_islands partners australia n/a );; line 26745 (wfb::imports cook_islands partners us n/a );; line 26745 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt cook_islands date_1994 );; line 26749 (wfb::external_debt cook_islands (* 124e6 $) );; line 26749 (wfb::industrial_production cook_islands growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 26753 (wfb::industrial_production cook_islands accounts_for (* 5 %_of_gdp) );; line 26753 (wfb::electricity cook_islands capacity (* 14000 kw) );; line 26758 (wfb::electricity cook_islands production (* 21e6 kwh) );; line 26760 (wfb::measurement-date electricity cook_islands consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 26762 (wfb::electricity cook_islands consumption_per_capita (* 741 kwh) );; line 26762 (wfb::industry cook_islands fruit_processing );; line 26766 (wfb::industry cook_islands tourism );; line 26766 (wfb::agriculture cook_islands "accounts for 12% of GDP, export crops - copra, citrus fruits, pineapples, tomatoes, bananas; subsistence crops - yams, taro" );; line 26770 (wfb::economic_aid cook_islands recipient "Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $128 million; in 1994, Cook Islands received $4.3 million in budget support and $2.7 million in project aid from New Zealand, the country's largest source of aid" );; line 26776 (wfb::abbreviation new_zealand_dollar "NZ$" );; line 26783 (wfb::currency cook_islands new_zealand_dollar 100 cents );; line 26783 (wfb::exchange_rates cook_islands "New Zealand dollars (NZ$) per US$1 - 1.5601 (January 1995), 1.6844 (1994), 1.8495 (1993), 1.8584 (1992), 1.7265 (1991), 1.6750 (1990)" );; line 26787 (wfb::fiscal_year cook_islands date_1_apr date_31_mar );; line 26792 (wfb::railroads cook_islands "0 km" );; line 26797 (wfb::highways cook_islands total (* 187 km) );; line 26802 (wfb::highways cook_islands paved (* 35 km) );; line 26804 (wfb::measurement-date highways cook_islands date_1980 );; line 26806 (wfb::highways cook_islands gravel (* 35 km) );; line 26806 (wfb::highways cook_islands improved_earth (* 84 km) );; line 26806 (wfb::highways cook_islands unimproved_earth (* 33 km) );; line 26806 (wfb::port cook_islands avarua-cook_islands );; line 26810 (wfb::port cook_islands avatiu-cook_islands );; line 26810 (wfb::merchant_marine cook_islands total "1 cargo ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,464 GRT/2,181 DWT" );; line 26815 (wfb::airports cook_islands total 7 );; line 26820 (wfb::airports cook_islands |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 1 );; line 26822 (wfb::airports cook_islands |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 3 );; line 26824 (wfb::airports cook_islands |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 3 );; line 26826 (wfb::telephone_system cook_islands "2,052 telephones" );; line 26831 (wfb::telephone_system cook_islands local "NA" );; line 26833 (wfb::telephone_system cook_islands intercity "NA" );; line 26835 (wfb::telephone_system cook_islands international "1 INTELSAT (Pacific Ocean) earth station" );; line 26837 (wfb::radio cook_islands broadcast_stations am 1 );; line 26842 (wfb::radio cook_islands broadcast_stations fm 1 );; line 26842 (wfb::radio cook_islands broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 26842 (wfb::radio cook_islands radios 11000 );; line 26844 (wfb::television cook_islands broadcast_stations 1 );; line 26849 (wfb::measurement-date television cook_islands televisions date_1989 );; line 26851 (wfb::television cook_islands televisions 17000 );; line 26851 (wfb::note cook_islands "defense is the responsibility of New Zealand" );; line 26857 (wfb::markup-parameter figure coral_sea_islands "graphno=\"cr.tif\"" );; line 26863 (wfb::header coral_sea_islands "(territory of Australia)" );; line 26863 (wfb::location coral_sea_islands "Oceania, islands in the Coral Sea, northeast of Australia" );; line 26867 (wfb::map_references coral_sea_islands "Oceania" );; line 26871 (wfb::area coral_sea_islands comparative_area "NA" );; line 26880 (wfb::comment area coral_sea_islands "includes numerous small islands and reefs scattered over a sea area of about 1 million sq km, with Willis Islets the most important" );; line 26882 (wfb::coastline coral_sea_islands (* 3095 km) );; line 26891 (wfb::maritime_claims coral_sea_islands exclusive_fishing_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 26896 (wfb::maritime_claims coral_sea_islands territorial_sea (* 3 nm) );; line 26898 (wfb::international_disputes coral_sea_islands "none" );; line 26902 (wfb::climate coral_sea_islands "tropical" );; line 26906 (wfb::terrain coral_sea_islands "sand and coral reefs and islands (or cays)" );; line 26910 (wfb::natural-resource coral_sea_islands negligible );; line 26914 (wfb::land_use coral_sea_islands arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 26919 (wfb::land_use coral_sea_islands permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 26921 (wfb::land_use coral_sea_islands meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 26923 (wfb::land_use coral_sea_islands forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 26925 (wfb::comment land_use coral_sea_islands other "mostly grass or scrub cover" );; line 26927 (wfb::land_use coral_sea_islands other (* 100 %) );; line 26927 (wfb::irrigated_land coral_sea_islands (* 0 sq_km) );; line 26931 (wfb::environment coral_sea_islands current_issues "no permanent fresh water resources" );; line 26936 (wfb::environment coral_sea_islands natural_hazards "occasional, tropical cyclones" );; line 26938 (wfb::environment coral_sea_islands international_agreements "NA" );; line 26940 (wfb::note coral_sea_islands "important nesting area for birds and turtles" );; line 26944 (wfb::names coral_sea_islands conventional_long_form "Coral Sea Islands Territory" );; line 26956 (wfb::names coral_sea_islands conventional_short_form "Coral Sea Islands" );; line 26958 (wfb::digraph coral_sea_islands "CR" );; line 26962 (wfb::type coral_sea_islands "territory of Australia administered by the Ministry for Environment, Sport, and Territories" );; line 26966 (wfb::comment independence coral_sea_islands "territory of Australia" );; line 26975 (wfb::flag coral_sea_islands "the flag of Australia is used" );; line 26979 (wfb::overview coral_sea_islands "no economic activity" );; line 26984 (wfb::note coral_sea_islands "defense is the responsibility of Australia; visited regularly by the Royal Australian Navy; Australia has control over the activities of visitors" );; line 26999 (wfb::markup-parameter figure costa_rica "graphno=\"cs.tif\"" );; line 27007 (wfb::location costa_rica "Middle America, bordering both the Caribbean Sea and the North Pacific Ocean, between Nicaragua and Panama" );; line 27011 (wfb::map_references costa_rica "Central America and the Caribbean" );; line 27016 (wfb::area costa_rica total_area (* 51100 sq_km) );; line 27021 (wfb::area costa_rica land_area (* 50660 sq_km) );; line 27023 (wfb::area costa_rica comparative_area "slightly smaller than West Virginia" );; line 27025 (wfb::comment area costa_rica "includes Isla del Coco" );; line 27027 (wfb::borders costa_rica total (* 639 km) );; line 27031 (wfb::borders costa_rica nicaragua (* 309 km) );; line 27031 (wfb::borders costa_rica panama (* 330 km) );; line 27031 (wfb::coastline costa_rica (* 1290 km) );; line 27035 (wfb::maritime_claims costa_rica exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 27040 (wfb::maritime_claims costa_rica territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 27042 (wfb::international_disputes costa_rica "none" );; line 27046 (wfb::climate costa_rica "tropical" );; line 27050 (wfb::climate costa_rica "dry season (December to April)" );; line 27050 (wfb::climate costa_rica "rainy season (May to November)" );; line 27050 (wfb::terrain costa_rica "coastal plains separated by rugged mountains" );; line 27055 (wfb::natural-resource costa_rica hydropower_potential );; line 27059 (wfb::land_use costa_rica arable_land (* 6 %) );; line 27064 (wfb::land_use costa_rica permanent_crops (* 7 %) );; line 27066 (wfb::land_use costa_rica meadows_and_pastures (* 45 %) );; line 27068 (wfb::land_use costa_rica forest_and_woodland (* 34 %) );; line 27070 (wfb::land_use costa_rica other (* 8 %) );; line 27072 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land costa_rica date_1989 );; line 27076 (wfb::irrigated_land costa_rica (* 1180 sq_km) );; line 27076 (wfb::environment costa_rica current_issues "deforestation, largely a result of the clearing of land for cattle ranching" );; line 27081 (wfb::environment costa_rica current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 27081 (wfb::environment costa_rica natural_hazards "occasional earthquakes, hurricanes along Atlantic coast" );; line 27084 (wfb::environment costa_rica natural_hazards "frequent flooding of lowlands at onset of rainy season" );; line 27084 (wfb::environment costa_rica natural_hazards "active volcanoes" );; line 27084 (wfb::environment costa_rica international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands, Whaling" );; line 27087 (wfb::environment costa_rica international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Desertification, Marine Life Conservation" );; line 27087 (wfb::estimation-date population costa_rica date_jul_1995 );; line 27096 (wfb::population costa_rica 3419114 );; line 27096 (wfb::age_structure costa_rica 0-14_years (* 35 %) );; line 27101 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex costa_rica 0-14_years female 585976 );; line 27101 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex costa_rica 0-14_years male 617456 );; line 27101 (wfb::age_structure costa_rica 15-64_years (* 60 %) );; line 27103 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex costa_rica 15-64_years female 1013491 );; line 27103 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex costa_rica 15-64_years male 1036195 );; line 27103 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure costa_rica 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 27105 (wfb::age_structure costa_rica 65_years_and_over (* 5 %) );; line 27105 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex costa_rica 65_years_and_over female 88050 );; line 27105 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex costa_rica 65_years_and_over male 77946 );; line 27105 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate costa_rica date_1995 );; line 27109 (wfb::population_growth_rate costa_rica (* 2.24 %) );; line 27109 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate costa_rica date_1995 );; line 27113 (wfb::birth_rate costa_rica (* 24.88 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 27113 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate costa_rica date_1995 );; line 27117 (wfb::death_rate costa_rica (* 3.47 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 27117 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate costa_rica date_1995 );; line 27121 (wfb::net_migration_rate costa_rica (* 1.02 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 27121 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate costa_rica date_1995 );; line 27125 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate costa_rica (* 10.3 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 27125 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth costa_rica total_population (* 78.11 years) );; line 27130 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth costa_rica male (* 76.21 years) );; line 27132 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth costa_rica female date_1995 );; line 27134 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth costa_rica female (* 80.1 years) );; line 27134 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate costa_rica date_1995 );; line 27138 (wfb::total_fertility_rate costa_rica (* 3.01 children_born/woman) );; line 27138 (wfb::nationality costa_rica noun "Costa Rican(s)" );; line 27143 (wfb::nationality costa_rica adjective "Costa Rican" );; line 27145 (wfb::ethnic-entity costa_rica |white (including mestizo)| (* 96 %) );; line 27149 (wfb::ethnic-entity costa_rica black (* 2 %) );; line 27149 (wfb::ethnic-entity costa_rica indian (* 1 %) );; line 27149 (wfb::ethnic-entity costa_rica chinese (* 1 %) );; line 27149 (wfb::religion costa_rica roman_catholic (* 95 %) );; line 27153 (wfb::language costa_rica spanish-language-group n/a );; line 27157 (wfb::comment language costa_rica spanish-language-group "official" );; line 27157 (wfb::language costa_rica english n/a );; line 27157 (wfb::language costa_rica spoken_around_puerto_limon n/a );; line 27157 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition costa_rica date_1984 );; line 27161 (wfb::literacy-condition costa_rica "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 27161 (wfb::literacy costa_rica total_population (* 93 %) );; line 27163 (wfb::literacy costa_rica male (* 93 %) );; line 27165 (wfb::literacy costa_rica female (* 93 %) );; line 27167 (wfb::total_labor_force costa_rica 868300 );; line 27171 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force costa_rica by_occupation date_1985 );; line 27173 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1985 );; line 27173 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation costa_rica industry_and_commerce (* 35.1 %) );; line 27173 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation costa_rica government_and_services (* 33 %) );; line 27173 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation costa_rica agriculture (* 27 %) );; line 27173 (wfb::names costa_rica conventional_long_form "Republic of Costa Rica" );; line 27180 (wfb::names costa_rica conventional_short_form "Costa Rica" );; line 27182 (wfb::names costa_rica local_long_form "Republica de Costa Rica" );; line 27184 (wfb::names costa_rica local_short_form "Costa Rica" );; line 27186 (wfb::digraph costa_rica "CS" );; line 27190 (wfb::type costa_rica "democratic republic" );; line 27194 (wfb::capital costa_rica san_jose-costa_rica );; line 27198 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_costa_rica_provinces "provinces" "provincias" "provincia" );; line 27202 (wfb::administrative_divisions costa_rica adm_div_costa_rica_provinces 7 );; line 27202 (wfb::administrative_division_of costa_rica adm_div_costa_rica_provinces "Alajuela" );; line 27202 (wfb::administrative_division_of costa_rica adm_div_costa_rica_provinces "Cartago" );; line 27202 (wfb::administrative_division_of costa_rica adm_div_costa_rica_provinces "Guanacaste" );; line 27202 (wfb::administrative_division_of costa_rica adm_div_costa_rica_provinces "Heredia" );; line 27202 (wfb::administrative_division_of costa_rica adm_div_costa_rica_provinces "Limon" );; line 27202 (wfb::administrative_division_of costa_rica adm_div_costa_rica_provinces "Puntarenas" );; line 27202 (wfb::administrative_division_of costa_rica adm_div_costa_rica_provinces "San Jose" );; line 27202 (wfb::independence costa_rica date_15_sep_1821 "Spain" );; line 27207 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1821 );; line 27211 (wfb::comment national_holiday costa_rica "1821" );; line 27211 (wfb::national_holiday costa_rica "Independence Day" date_15_sep );; line 27211 (wfb::constitution costa_rica "9 November 1949" );; line 27215 (wfb::legal_system costa_rica "based on Spanish civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 27219 (wfb::comment suffrage costa_rica " universal and compulsory" );; line 27224 (wfb::suffrage costa_rica (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 27224 (wfb::comment executive_branch costa_rica chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "First Vice President Rodrigo OREAMUNO Blanco (since 8 May 1994)" );; line 27229 (wfb::comment executive_branch costa_rica chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "Second Vice President Rebeca GRYNSPAN Mayufis (since 8 May 1994)" );; line 27229 (wfb::comment executive_branch costa_rica chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "election last held 6 February 1994 (next to be held February 1998)" );; line 27229 (wfb::comment executive_branch costa_rica chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "results - President FIGUERES (PLN party) 49.7%, Miquel Angel RODRIGUEZ (PUSC party) 47.5%" );; line 27229 (wfb::executive_branch costa_rica chief_of_state "President Jose Maria FIGUERES Olsen " date_8_may_1994 );; line 27229 (wfb::executive_branch costa_rica head_of_government "President Jose Maria FIGUERES Olsen " date_8_may_1994 );; line 27229 (wfb::comment executive_branch costa_rica cabinet "selected by the president" );; line 27235 (wfb::executive_branch costa_rica cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 27235 (wfb::legislative_structure costa_rica unicameral n/a );; line 27239 (wfb::legislative_branch costa_rica "Legislative Assembly (Asamblea Legislativa)" "elections last held 6 February 1994 (next to be held February 1998); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (61 total) PLN 28, PUSC 29, minority parties 4" );; line 27241 (wfb::judicial_branch costa_rica "Supreme Court (Corte Suprema)" );; line 27247 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders costa_rica "National Liberation Party (PLN), Manuel AGUILAR Bonilla; Social Christian Unity Party (PUSC), Rafael Angel CALDERON Fournier; Marxist Popular Vanguard Party (PVP), Humberto VARGAS Carbonell; New Republic Movement (MNR), Sergio Erick ARDON Ramirez; Progressive Party (PP), Isaac Felipe AZOFEIFA Bolanos; People's Party of Costa Rica (PPC), Lenin CHACON Vargas; Radical Democratic Party (PRD), Juan Jose ECHEVERRIA Brealey" );; line 27251 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups costa_rica "Costa Rican Confederation of Democratic Workers (CCTD, Liberation Party affiliate); Confederated Union of Workers (CUT, Communist Party affiliate); Authentic Confederation of Democratic Workers (CATD, Communist Party affiliate); Chamber of Coffee Growers; National Association for Economic Development (ANFE); Free Costa Rica Movement (MCRL, rightwing militants); National Association of Educators (ANDE)" );; line 27260 (wfb::member_of costa_rica ag );; line 27269 (wfb::comment member_of costa_rica ag "observer" );; line 27269 (wfb::member_of costa_rica bcie );; line 27269 (wfb::member_of costa_rica cacm );; line 27269 (wfb::member_of costa_rica eclac );; line 27269 (wfb::member_of costa_rica fao );; line 27269 (wfb::member_of costa_rica g-77 );; line 27269 (wfb::member_of costa_rica gatt );; line 27269 (wfb::member_of costa_rica iadb );; line 27269 (wfb::member_of costa_rica iaea );; line 27269 (wfb::member_of costa_rica ibrd );; line 27269 (wfb::member_of costa_rica icao );; line 27269 (wfb::member_of costa_rica icftu );; line 27269 (wfb::member_of costa_rica icrm );; line 27269 (wfb::member_of costa_rica ida );; line 27269 (wfb::member_of costa_rica ifad );; line 27269 (wfb::member_of costa_rica ifc );; line 27269 (wfb::member_of costa_rica ifrcs );; line 27269 (wfb::member_of costa_rica ilo );; line 27269 (wfb::member_of costa_rica imf );; line 27269 (wfb::member_of costa_rica imo );; line 27269 (wfb::member_of costa_rica intelsat );; line 27269 (wfb::member_of costa_rica interpol );; line 27269 (wfb::member_of costa_rica ioc );; line 27269 (wfb::member_of costa_rica iom );; line 27269 (wfb::member_of costa_rica itu );; line 27269 (wfb::member_of costa_rica laes );; line 27269 (wfb::member_of costa_rica laia );; line 27269 (wfb::comment member_of costa_rica laia "observer" );; line 27269 (wfb::member_of costa_rica nam );; line 27269 (wfb::comment member_of costa_rica nam "observer" );; line 27269 (wfb::member_of costa_rica oas );; line 27269 (wfb::member_of costa_rica opanal );; line 27269 (wfb::member_of costa_rica un );; line 27269 (wfb::member_of costa_rica unctad );; line 27269 (wfb::member_of costa_rica unesco );; line 27269 (wfb::member_of costa_rica unido );; line 27269 (wfb::member_of costa_rica unu );; line 27269 (wfb::member_of costa_rica upu );; line 27269 (wfb::member_of costa_rica wcl );; line 27269 (wfb::member_of costa_rica wftu );; line 27269 (wfb::member_of costa_rica who );; line 27269 (wfb::member_of costa_rica wipo );; line 27269 (wfb::member_of costa_rica wmo );; line 27269 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us costa_rica chief_of_mission "Ambassador Sonia PICADO" );; line 27277 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us costa_rica chancery "2114 S Street NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 27279 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us costa_rica telephone "[1] (202) 234-2945" );; line 27281 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us costa_rica fax "[1] (202) 265-4795" );; line 27283 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us costa_rica |consulate(s) general| "Albuquerque, Atlanta, Chicago, Durham, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New Orleans, New York, Orlando, Philadelphia, San Antonio, San Diego, San Francisco, and San Juan (Puerto Rico)" );; line 27285 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us costa_rica |consulate(s)| "Austin" );; line 27289 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation costa_rica chief_of_mission "US Ambassador to Costa Rica Peter DE VOS" );; line 27294 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation costa_rica embassy "Pavas Road, San Jose" );; line 27296 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation costa_rica mailing_address "APO AA 34020" );; line 27298 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation costa_rica telephone "[506] 220-3939" );; line 27300 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation costa_rica fax "[506] 220-2305" );; line 27302 (wfb::flag costa_rica "five horizontal bands of blue (top), white, red (double width), white, and blue, with the coat of arms in a white disk on the hoist side of the red band" );; line 27306 (wfb::overview costa_rica "Costa Rica's basically stable and progressive economy depends especially on tourism and export of bananas, coffee, and other agricultural products. In 1994 the economy grew at an estimated 4.3%, compared with 6.5% in 1993, 7.7% in 1992, and 2.1% in 1991. Inflation in 1993 dropped to 9% from 17% in 1992 and 25% in 1991, an indication of basic financial stability. Unemployment is officially reported at only 4.0%, but there is much underemployment. Costa Rica signed a free trade agreement with Mexico in 1994." );; line 27313 (wfb::estimation-date national_product costa_rica date_1994 );; line 27323 (wfb::national_product costa_rica (* 16.9e9 $) );; line 27323 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate costa_rica date_1994 );; line 27327 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate costa_rica (* 4.3 %) );; line 27327 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita costa_rica date_1994 );; line 27331 (wfb::national_product_per_capita costa_rica (* 5050 $) );; line 27331 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| costa_rica "9% (1993 est.)" );; line 27335 (wfb::budget costa_rica revenues (* 1.1e9 $) );; line 27344 (wfb::estimation-date budget costa_rica date_1991 );; line 27346 (wfb::budget costa_rica expenditures (* 1.34e9 $) );; line 27346 (wfb::budget costa_rica capital_expenditures (* 110e6 $) );; line 27346 (wfb::exports costa_rica (* 2.1e9 $) );; line 27351 (wfb::exports costa_rica commodities coffee n/a );; line 27353 (wfb::exports costa_rica commodities bananas n/a );; line 27353 (wfb::exports costa_rica commodities textiles-commodity n/a );; line 27353 (wfb::exports costa_rica commodities sugar-commodity n/a );; line 27353 (wfb::exports costa_rica partners us n/a );; line 27355 (wfb::exports costa_rica partners germany n/a );; line 27355 (wfb::exports costa_rica partners italy n/a );; line 27355 (wfb::exports costa_rica partners guatemala n/a );; line 27355 (wfb::exports costa_rica partners el_salvador n/a );; line 27355 (wfb::exports costa_rica partners netherlands n/a );; line 27355 (wfb::exports costa_rica partners uk n/a );; line 27355 (wfb::exports costa_rica partners france n/a );; line 27355 (wfb::imports costa_rica (* 2.9e9 $) );; line 27360 (wfb::imports costa_rica commodities raw_materials n/a );; line 27362 (wfb::imports costa_rica commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 27362 (wfb::imports costa_rica commodities capital_equipment n/a );; line 27362 (wfb::imports costa_rica commodities petroleum-commodity n/a );; line 27362 (wfb::imports costa_rica partners us n/a );; line 27364 (wfb::imports costa_rica partners japan n/a );; line 27364 (wfb::imports costa_rica partners mexico n/a );; line 27364 (wfb::imports costa_rica partners guatemala n/a );; line 27364 (wfb::imports costa_rica partners venezuela n/a );; line 27364 (wfb::imports costa_rica partners germany n/a );; line 27364 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt costa_rica date_1991 );; line 27368 (wfb::external_debt costa_rica (* 3.2e9 $) );; line 27368 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1992 );; line 27372 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production costa_rica date_1992 );; line 27372 (wfb::industrial_production costa_rica growth_rate (* 10.5 %) );; line 27372 (wfb::industrial_production costa_rica accounts_for (* 22 %_of_gdp) );; line 27372 (wfb::electricity costa_rica capacity (* 1040000 kw) );; line 27377 (wfb::electricity costa_rica production (* 4.1e9 kwh) );; line 27379 (wfb::measurement-date electricity costa_rica consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 27381 (wfb::electricity costa_rica consumption_per_capita (* 1164 kwh) );; line 27381 (wfb::industry costa_rica food_processing );; line 27385 (wfb::industry costa_rica textiles );; line 27385 (wfb::industry costa_rica clothing );; line 27385 (wfb::industry costa_rica construction_materials-industry );; line 27385 (wfb::industry costa_rica fertilizer );; line 27385 (wfb::industry costa_rica plastic_products );; line 27385 (wfb::agriculture costa_rica "accounts for 19% of GDP and 70% of exports; cash commodities - coffee, beef, bananas, sugar; other food crops include corn, rice, beans, potatoes; normally self-sufficient in food except for grain; depletion of forest resources resulting in lower timber output" );; line 27390 (wfb::illicit_drugs costa_rica "transshipment country for cocaine and heroin from South America; illicit production of cannabis on small, scattered plots" );; line 27397 (wfb::economic_aid costa_rica recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $1.4 billion; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $935 million; Communist countries (1971-89), $27 million" );; line 27403 (wfb::abbreviation costa_rican_colon "C" );; line 27409 (wfb::currency costa_rica costa_rican_colon 100 centimos );; line 27409 (wfb::exchange_rates costa_rica "Costa Rican colones (C) per US$1 - 164.39 (December 1994), 157.07 (1994), 142.17 (1993), 134.51 (1992), 122.43 (1991), 91.58 (1990)" );; line 27413 (wfb::fiscal_year costa_rica date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 27418 (wfb::railroads costa_rica total "950 km (260 km electrified)" );; line 27424 (wfb::railroads costa_rica narrow_gauge "950 km 1.067-m gauge" );; line 27426 (wfb::highways costa_rica total (* 35560 km) );; line 27431 (wfb::highways costa_rica paved (* 5600 km) );; line 27433 (wfb::measurement-date highways costa_rica date_1992 );; line 27435 (wfb::comment highways costa_rica unpaved "1992" );; line 27435 (wfb::measurement-date highways costa_rica unpaved gravel_and_earth date_1992 );; line 27435 (wfb::highways costa_rica gravel_and_earth (* 29960 km) );; line 27435 (wfb::inland_waterways costa_rica "about 730 km, seasonally navigable" );; line 27439 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 176 km) );; line 27443 (wfb::port costa_rica caldera-costa_rica );; line 27447 (wfb::port costa_rica golfito-costa_rica );; line 27447 (wfb::port costa_rica moin-costa_rica );; line 27447 (wfb::port costa_rica puerto_limon-costa_rica );; line 27447 (wfb::port costa_rica puerto_quepos-costa_rica );; line 27447 (wfb::port costa_rica puntarenas-costa_rica );; line 27447 (wfb::merchant_marine costa_rica "none" );; line 27451 (wfb::airports costa_rica total 174 );; line 27456 (wfb::airports costa_rica |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 2 );; line 27458 (wfb::airports costa_rica |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 1 );; line 27460 (wfb::airports costa_rica |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 17 );; line 27462 (wfb::airports costa_rica with_paved_runways_under_914_m 117 );; line 27464 (wfb::airports costa_rica |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 1 );; line 27466 (wfb::airports costa_rica |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 36 );; line 27468 (wfb::telephone_system costa_rica "292,000 telephones; very good domestic telephone service" );; line 27473 (wfb::telephone_system costa_rica local "NA" );; line 27475 (wfb::telephone_system costa_rica intercity "NA" );; line 27477 (wfb::telephone_system costa_rica international "connection into Central American Microwave System; 1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station" );; line 27479 (wfb::radio costa_rica broadcast_stations am 71 );; line 27485 (wfb::radio costa_rica broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 27485 (wfb::radio costa_rica broadcast_stations shortwave 13 );; line 27485 (wfb::radio costa_rica radios n/a );; line 27487 (wfb::television costa_rica broadcast_stations 18 );; line 27492 (wfb::television costa_rica televisions n/a );; line 27494 (wfb::defense_branch costa_rica civil_guard_costa_rica );; line 27500 (wfb::defense_branch costa_rica coast_guard_costa_rica );; line 27500 (wfb::defense_branch costa_rica air_section_costa_rica );; line 27500 (wfb::defense_branch costa_rica rural_assistance_guard_costa_rica );; line 27500 (wfb::defense_branch costa_rica note_-_the_constitution_prohibits_armed_forces_costa_rica );; line 27500 (wfb::manpower_availability costa_rica "males age 15-49 896,516; males fit for military service 602,785; males reach military age (18) annually 32,815 (1995 est.)" );; line 27505 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures costa_rica date_1989 );; line 27510 (wfb::defense_expenditures costa_rica (* 22e6 $) );; line 27510 (wfb::defense_expenditures costa_rica (* 0.5 %_of_gdp) );; line 27510 (wfb::markup-parameter figure |Cote d'Ivoire| "graphno=\"iv.tif\"" );; line 27516 (wfb::header |Cote d'Ivoire| "(also known as Ivory Coast)" );; line 27516 (wfb::location |Cote d'Ivoire| "Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Ghana and Liberia" );; line 27520 (wfb::map_references |Cote d'Ivoire| "Africa" );; line 27525 (wfb::area |Cote d'Ivoire| total_area (* 322460 sq_km) );; line 27530 (wfb::area |Cote d'Ivoire| land_area (* 318000 sq_km) );; line 27532 (wfb::area |Cote d'Ivoire| comparative_area "slightly larger than New Mexico" );; line 27534 (wfb::borders |Cote d'Ivoire| total (* 3110 km) );; line 27538 (wfb::borders |Cote d'Ivoire| burkina (* 584 km) );; line 27538 (wfb::borders |Cote d'Ivoire| ghana (* 668 km) );; line 27538 (wfb::borders |Cote d'Ivoire| guinea (* 610 km) );; line 27538 (wfb::borders |Cote d'Ivoire| liberia (* 716 km) );; line 27538 (wfb::borders |Cote d'Ivoire| mali (* 532 km) );; line 27538 (wfb::coastline |Cote d'Ivoire| (* 515 km) );; line 27543 (wfb::maritime_claims |Cote d'Ivoire| continental_shelf (* 200 nm) );; line 27548 (wfb::maritime_claims |Cote d'Ivoire| exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 27550 (wfb::maritime_claims |Cote d'Ivoire| territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 27552 (wfb::international_disputes |Cote d'Ivoire| "none" );; line 27556 (wfb::climate |Cote d'Ivoire| "tropical along coast, semiarid in far north" );; line 27560 (wfb::climate |Cote d'Ivoire| "three seasons - warm and dry (November to March), hot and dry (March to May), hot and wet (June to October)" );; line 27560 (wfb::terrain |Cote d'Ivoire| "mostly flat to undulating plains" );; line 27566 (wfb::terrain |Cote d'Ivoire| "mountains in northwest" );; line 27566 (wfb::natural-resource |Cote d'Ivoire| petroleum );; line 27570 (wfb::natural-resource |Cote d'Ivoire| diamonds );; line 27570 (wfb::natural-resource |Cote d'Ivoire| manganese );; line 27570 (wfb::natural-resource |Cote d'Ivoire| iron_ore );; line 27570 (wfb::natural-resource |Cote d'Ivoire| cobalt );; line 27570 (wfb::natural-resource |Cote d'Ivoire| bauxite );; line 27570 (wfb::natural-resource |Cote d'Ivoire| copper );; line 27570 (wfb::land_use |Cote d'Ivoire| arable_land (* 9 %) );; line 27576 (wfb::land_use |Cote d'Ivoire| permanent_crops (* 4 %) );; line 27578 (wfb::land_use |Cote d'Ivoire| meadows_and_pastures (* 9 %) );; line 27580 (wfb::land_use |Cote d'Ivoire| forest_and_woodland (* 26 %) );; line 27582 (wfb::land_use |Cote d'Ivoire| other (* 52 %) );; line 27584 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land |Cote d'Ivoire| date_1989 );; line 27588 (wfb::irrigated_land |Cote d'Ivoire| (* 620 sq_km) );; line 27588 (wfb::environment |Cote d'Ivoire| current_issues "deforestation (most of the country's forests - once the largest in West Africa - have been cleared by the timber industry)" );; line 27593 (wfb::environment |Cote d'Ivoire| current_issues "water pollution from sewage and industrial and agricultural effluents" );; line 27593 (wfb::environment |Cote d'Ivoire| natural_hazards "coast has heavy surf and no natural harbors" );; line 27597 (wfb::environment |Cote d'Ivoire| natural_hazards "during the rainy season torrential flooding is possible" );; line 27597 (wfb::environment |Cote d'Ivoire| international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83" );; line 27600 (wfb::environment |Cote d'Ivoire| international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Desertification" );; line 27600 (wfb::estimation-date population |Cote d'Ivoire| date_jul_1995 );; line 27609 (wfb::population |Cote d'Ivoire| 14791257 );; line 27609 (wfb::age_structure |Cote d'Ivoire| 0-14_years (* 48 %) );; line 27614 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex |Cote d'Ivoire| 0-14_years female 3506147 );; line 27614 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex |Cote d'Ivoire| 0-14_years male 3534751 );; line 27614 (wfb::age_structure |Cote d'Ivoire| 15-64_years (* 50 %) );; line 27616 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex |Cote d'Ivoire| 15-64_years female 3619759 );; line 27616 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex |Cote d'Ivoire| 15-64_years male 3820999 );; line 27616 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure |Cote d'Ivoire| 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 27618 (wfb::age_structure |Cote d'Ivoire| 65_years_and_over (* 2 %) );; line 27618 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex |Cote d'Ivoire| 65_years_and_over female 142366 );; line 27618 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex |Cote d'Ivoire| 65_years_and_over male 167235 );; line 27618 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate |Cote d'Ivoire| date_1995 );; line 27622 (wfb::population_growth_rate |Cote d'Ivoire| (* 3.38 %) );; line 27622 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate |Cote d'Ivoire| date_1995 );; line 27626 (wfb::birth_rate |Cote d'Ivoire| (* 46.17 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 27626 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate |Cote d'Ivoire| date_1995 );; line 27630 (wfb::death_rate |Cote d'Ivoire| (* 14.95 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 27630 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate |Cote d'Ivoire| date_1995 );; line 27634 (wfb::net_migration_rate |Cote d'Ivoire| (* n/a |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 27634 (wfb::comment net_migration_rate |Cote d'Ivoire| "since 1989, over 350,000 refugees have fled to Cote d'Ivoire to escape the civil war in Liberia; if a lasting peace is achieved in Liberia in 1995, large numbers of refugees can be expected to return to their homes" );; line 27636 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate |Cote d'Ivoire| date_1995 );; line 27642 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate |Cote d'Ivoire| (* 93.1 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 27642 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth |Cote d'Ivoire| total_population (* 48.87 years) );; line 27647 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth |Cote d'Ivoire| male (* 46.52 years) );; line 27649 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth |Cote d'Ivoire| female date_1995 );; line 27651 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth |Cote d'Ivoire| female (* 51.29 years) );; line 27651 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate |Cote d'Ivoire| date_1995 );; line 27655 (wfb::total_fertility_rate |Cote d'Ivoire| (* 6.61 children_born/woman) );; line 27655 (wfb::nationality |Cote d'Ivoire| noun "Ivorian(s)" );; line 27660 (wfb::nationality |Cote d'Ivoire| adjective "Ivorian" );; line 27662 (wfb::comment ethnic_divisions |Cote d'Ivoire| "French 30,000 and Lebanese 100,000 to 300,000" );; line 27666 (wfb::ethnic-entity |Cote d'Ivoire| baoule (* 23 %) );; line 27666 (wfb::ethnic-entity |Cote d'Ivoire| bete (* 18 %) );; line 27666 (wfb::ethnic-entity |Cote d'Ivoire| senoufou (* 15 %) );; line 27666 (wfb::ethnic-entity |Cote d'Ivoire| malinke (* 11 %) );; line 27666 (wfb::ethnic-entity |Cote d'Ivoire| agni n/a );; line 27666 (wfb::ethnic-entity |Cote d'Ivoire| foreign_africans n/a );; line 27666 (wfb::ethnic-entity |Cote d'Ivoire| |non-Africans 130,000 to 330,000| n/a );; line 27666 (wfb::religion |Cote d'Ivoire| indigenous (* 25 %) );; line 27672 (wfb::religion |Cote d'Ivoire| muslim (* 60 %) );; line 27672 (wfb::religion |Cote d'Ivoire| christian (* 12 %) );; line 27672 (wfb::language |Cote d'Ivoire| french n/a );; line 27676 (wfb::comment language |Cote d'Ivoire| french "official" );; line 27676 (wfb::language |Cote d'Ivoire| dioula_is_the_most_widely_spoken n/a );; line 27676 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition |Cote d'Ivoire| date_1988 );; line 27681 (wfb::literacy-condition |Cote d'Ivoire| "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 27681 (wfb::literacy |Cote d'Ivoire| total_population (* 34 %) );; line 27683 (wfb::literacy |Cote d'Ivoire| male (* 44 %) );; line 27685 (wfb::literacy |Cote d'Ivoire| female (* 23 %) );; line 27687 (wfb::total_labor_force |Cote d'Ivoire| 5.718e6 );; line 27691 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation |Cote d'Ivoire| forestry n/a );; line 27693 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation |Cote d'Ivoire| livestock_raising n/a );; line 27693 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation |Cote d'Ivoire| industry n/a );; line 27693 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation |Cote d'Ivoire| commerce n/a );; line 27693 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation |Cote d'Ivoire| professions n/a );; line 27693 (wfb::names |Cote d'Ivoire| conventional_long_form "Republic of Cote d'Ivoire" );; line 27701 (wfb::names |Cote d'Ivoire| conventional_short_form "Cote d'Ivoire" );; line 27703 (wfb::names |Cote d'Ivoire| local_long_form "Republique de Cote d'Ivoire" );; line 27705 (wfb::names |Cote d'Ivoire| local_short_form "Cote d'Ivoire" );; line 27707 (wfb::names |Cote d'Ivoire| former "Ivory Coast" );; line 27709 (wfb::digraph |Cote d'Ivoire| "IV" );; line 27713 (wfb::type |Cote d'Ivoire| "republic; multiparty presidential regime established 1960" );; line 27717 (wfb::capital |Cote d'Ivoire| |Yamoussoukro-Cote d'Ivoire| );; line 27721 (wfb::comment capital |Cote d'Ivoire| "although Yamoussoukro has been the capital since 1983, Abidjan remains the administrative center; foreign governments, including the United States, maintain presence in Abidjan" );; line 27723 (wfb::administrative_division |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "departments" "departements" "departement" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_divisions |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| 50 );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Abengourou" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Abidjan" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Aboisso" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Adzope" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Agboville" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Agnibilekrou" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Bangolo" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Beoumi" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Biankouma" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Bondoukou" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Bongouanou" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Bouafle" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Bouake" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Bouna" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Boundiali" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Dabakala" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Daloa" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Danane" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Daoukro" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Dimbokro" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Divo" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Duekoue" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Ferkessedougou" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Gagnoa" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Grand-Lahou" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Guiglo" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Issia" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Katiola" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Korhogo" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Lakota" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Man" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Mankono" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Mbahiakro" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Odienne" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Oume" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Sakassou" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "San-Pedro" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Sassandra" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Seguela" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Sinfra" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Soubre" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Tabou" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Tanda" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Tingrela" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Tiassale" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Touba" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Toumodi" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Vavoua" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Yamoussoukro" );; line 27729 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Cote d'Ivoire| |adm_div_Cote d'Ivoire_departments| "Zuenoula" );; line 27729 (wfb::independence |Cote d'Ivoire| date_7_aug_1960 "France" );; line 27739 (wfb::national_holiday |Cote d'Ivoire| "National Day" date_7_dec );; line 27743 (wfb::constitution |Cote d'Ivoire| "3 November 1960; has been amended numerous times, last time November 1990" );; line 27747 (wfb::legal_system |Cote d'Ivoire| "based on French civil law system and customary law; judicial review in the Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 27752 (wfb::comment suffrage |Cote d'Ivoire| " universal" );; line 27758 (wfb::suffrage |Cote d'Ivoire| (* 21 years_of_age) );; line 27758 (wfb::executive_branch |Cote d'Ivoire| head_of_government "Prime Minister Daniel Kablan DUNCAN " date_10_dec_1993 );; line 27768 (wfb::comment executive_branch |Cote d'Ivoire| cabinet "appointed by the prime minister" );; line 27770 (wfb::executive_branch |Cote d'Ivoire| cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 27770 (wfb::legislative_structure |Cote d'Ivoire| unicameral n/a );; line 27774 (wfb::legislative_branch |Cote d'Ivoire| "National Assembly (Assemblee Nationale)" "elections last held 25 November 1990 (next to be held November 1995); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (175 total) PDCI 163, FPI 9, PIT 1, independents 2" );; line 27776 (wfb::judicial_branch |Cote d'Ivoire| "Supreme Court (Cour Supreme)" );; line 27782 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders |Cote d'Ivoire| "Democratic Party of the Cote d'Ivoire (PDCI), Henri Konan BEDIE; Rally of the Republicans (RDR), Djeny KOBINA; Ivorian Popular Front (FPI), Laurent GBAGBO; Ivorian Worker's Party (PIT), Francis WODIE; Ivorian Socialist Party (PSI), Morifere BAMBA; over 20 smaller parties" );; line 27786 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| acct );; line 27793 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| acp );; line 27793 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| afdb );; line 27793 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| ccc );; line 27793 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| ceao );; line 27793 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| eca );; line 27793 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| ecowas );; line 27793 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| entente );; line 27793 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| fao );; line 27793 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| fz );; line 27793 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| g-24 );; line 27793 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| g-77 );; line 27793 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| gatt );; line 27793 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| iaea );; line 27793 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| ibrd );; line 27793 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| icao );; line 27793 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| icc );; line 27793 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| icrm );; line 27793 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| ida );; line 27793 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| ifad );; line 27793 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| ifc );; line 27793 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| ifrcs );; line 27793 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| ilo );; line 27793 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| imf );; line 27793 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| imo );; line 27793 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| intelsat );; line 27793 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| interpol );; line 27793 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| ioc );; line 27793 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| itu );; line 27793 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| nam );; line 27793 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| oau );; line 27793 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| un );; line 27793 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| unctad );; line 27793 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| unesco );; line 27793 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| unido );; line 27793 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| unitar );; line 27793 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| upu );; line 27793 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| wadb );; line 27793 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| wcl );; line 27793 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| wftu );; line 27793 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| who );; line 27793 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| wipo );; line 27793 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| wmo );; line 27793 (wfb::member_of |Cote d'Ivoire| wto );; line 27793 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us |Cote d'Ivoire| chief_of_mission "Ambassador Moise KOUMOUE-KOFFI" );; line 27801 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us |Cote d'Ivoire| chancery "2424 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 27803 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us |Cote d'Ivoire| telephone "[1] (202) 797-0300" );; line 27805 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation |Cote d'Ivoire| chief_of_mission "Ambassador Hume A. HORAN" );; line 27810 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation |Cote d'Ivoire| embassy "5 Rue Jesse Owens, Abidjan" );; line 27812 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation |Cote d'Ivoire| mailing_address "01 B. P. 1712, Abidjan" );; line 27814 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation |Cote d'Ivoire| telephone "[225] 21 09 79, 21 46 72" );; line 27816 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation |Cote d'Ivoire| fax "[225] 22 32 59" );; line 27818 (wfb::flag |Cote d'Ivoire| "three equal vertical bands of orange (hoist side), white, and green; similar to the flag of Ireland, which is longer and has the colors reversed - green (hoist side), white, and orange; also similar to the flag of Italy, which is green (hoist side), white, and red; design was based on the flag of France" );; line 27822 (wfb::overview |Cote d'Ivoire| "Cote d'Ivoire is among the world's largest producers and exporters of coffee, cocoa beans, and palm-kernel oil. Consequently, the economy is highly sensitive to fluctuations in international prices for coffee and cocoa and to weather conditions. Despite attempts by the government to diversify, the economy is still largely dependent on agriculture and related industries. After several years of lagging performance, the Ivorian economy began a comeback in 1994, due to improved prices for cocoa and coffee, growth in non-traditional primary exports such as pineapples and rubber, trade and banking liberalization, offshore oil and gas discoveries, and generous external financing and debt rescheduling by multilateral lenders and France. The 50% devaluation in January 1994 caused a one time jump in the inflation rate. Government adherence to a renewed structural adjustment program has led to a budget surplus for the first time in several years, a smaller personnel budget, and an increase in public investment. While real growth in 1994 was only 1.5%, the IMF and World Bank expect it will surpass 6% in 1995." );; line 27831 (wfb::estimation-date national_product |Cote d'Ivoire| date_1994 );; line 27849 (wfb::national_product |Cote d'Ivoire| (* 20.5e9 $) );; line 27849 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate |Cote d'Ivoire| date_1994 );; line 27853 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate |Cote d'Ivoire| (* 1.5 %) );; line 27853 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita |Cote d'Ivoire| date_1994 );; line 27857 (wfb::national_product_per_capita |Cote d'Ivoire| (* 1430 $) );; line 27857 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| |Cote d'Ivoire| "NA%" );; line 27861 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate |Cote d'Ivoire| date_1985 );; line 27865 (wfb::unemployment_rate |Cote d'Ivoire| (* 14 %) );; line 27865 (wfb::budget |Cote d'Ivoire| revenues (* 1.9e9 $) );; line 27870 (wfb::measurement-date budget |Cote d'Ivoire| date_1993 );; line 27872 (wfb::budget |Cote d'Ivoire| expenditures (* 3.4e9 $) );; line 27872 (wfb::budget |Cote d'Ivoire| capital_expenditures (* 408e6 $) );; line 27872 (wfb::exports |Cote d'Ivoire| (* 2.7e9 $) );; line 27877 (wfb::exports |Cote d'Ivoire| commodities cocoa (* 30 %) );; line 27879 (wfb::exports |Cote d'Ivoire| commodities coffee (* 20 %) );; line 27879 (wfb::exports |Cote d'Ivoire| commodities tropical_woods (* 11 %) );; line 27879 (wfb::exports |Cote d'Ivoire| commodities petroleum-commodity n/a );; line 27879 (wfb::exports |Cote d'Ivoire| commodities cotton n/a );; line 27879 (wfb::exports |Cote d'Ivoire| commodities bananas n/a );; line 27879 (wfb::exports |Cote d'Ivoire| commodities pineapples n/a );; line 27879 (wfb::exports |Cote d'Ivoire| commodities palm_oil-commodity n/a );; line 27879 (wfb::exports |Cote d'Ivoire| commodities cotton n/a );; line 27879 (wfb::measurement-date exports |Cote d'Ivoire| date_1992 );; line 27882 (wfb::exports |Cote d'Ivoire| partners france n/a );; line 27882 (wfb::exports |Cote d'Ivoire| partners netherlands n/a );; line 27882 (wfb::exports |Cote d'Ivoire| partners germany n/a );; line 27882 (wfb::exports |Cote d'Ivoire| partners italy n/a );; line 27882 (wfb::exports |Cote d'Ivoire| partners burkina n/a );; line 27882 (wfb::exports |Cote d'Ivoire| partners us n/a );; line 27882 (wfb::exports |Cote d'Ivoire| partners belgium n/a );; line 27882 (wfb::exports |Cote d'Ivoire| partners uk n/a );; line 27882 (wfb::imports |Cote d'Ivoire| (* 1.6e9 $) );; line 27887 (wfb::imports |Cote d'Ivoire| commodities food n/a );; line 27889 (wfb::imports |Cote d'Ivoire| commodities capital_goods n/a );; line 27889 (wfb::imports |Cote d'Ivoire| commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 27889 (wfb::imports |Cote d'Ivoire| commodities fuel n/a );; line 27889 (wfb::measurement-date imports |Cote d'Ivoire| date_1992 );; line 27891 (wfb::imports |Cote d'Ivoire| partners france n/a );; line 27891 (wfb::imports |Cote d'Ivoire| partners nigeria n/a );; line 27891 (wfb::imports |Cote d'Ivoire| partners japan n/a );; line 27891 (wfb::imports |Cote d'Ivoire| partners netherlands n/a );; line 27891 (wfb::imports |Cote d'Ivoire| partners us n/a );; line 27891 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt |Cote d'Ivoire| date_1993 );; line 27895 (wfb::external_debt |Cote d'Ivoire| (* 17.3e9 $) );; line 27895 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 27899 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production |Cote d'Ivoire| date_1993 );; line 27899 (wfb::industrial_production |Cote d'Ivoire| growth_rate (* 0 %) );; line 27899 (wfb::industrial_production |Cote d'Ivoire| accounts_for (* 20 %_of_gdp) );; line 27899 (wfb::electricity |Cote d'Ivoire| capacity (* 1170000 kw) );; line 27905 (wfb::electricity |Cote d'Ivoire| production (* 1.8e9 kwh) );; line 27907 (wfb::measurement-date electricity |Cote d'Ivoire| consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 27909 (wfb::electricity |Cote d'Ivoire| consumption_per_capita (* 123 kwh) );; line 27909 (wfb::industry |Cote d'Ivoire| foodstuffs-industry );; line 27913 (wfb::industry |Cote d'Ivoire| wood_processing );; line 27913 (wfb::industry |Cote d'Ivoire| oil_refining );; line 27913 (wfb::industry |Cote d'Ivoire| automobile_assembly );; line 27913 (wfb::industry |Cote d'Ivoire| textiles );; line 27913 (wfb::industry |Cote d'Ivoire| fertilizer );; line 27913 (wfb::industry |Cote d'Ivoire| beverages-industry );; line 27913 (wfb::agriculture |Cote d'Ivoire| "most important sector, contributing one-third to GDP and 80% to exports; cash crops include coffee, cocoa beans, timber, bananas, palm kernels, rubber; food crops - corn, rice, manioc, sweet potatoes; not self-sufficient in bread grain and dairy products" );; line 27918 (wfb::illicit_drugs |Cote d'Ivoire| "illicit producer of cannabis; mostly for local consumption; some international drug trade; transshipment point for Southwest and Southeast Asian heroin to Europe and occasionally to the US" );; line 27925 (wfb::economic_aid |Cote d'Ivoire| recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $356 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-88), $5.2 billion" );; line 27932 (wfb::abbreviation cfa_franc "CFAF" );; line 27937 (wfb::currency |Cote d'Ivoire| cfa_franc 100 centimes );; line 27937 (wfb::exchange_rates |Cote d'Ivoire| "Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (CFAF) per US$1 - 529.43 (January 1995), 555.20 (1994), 283.16 (1993), 264.69 (1992), 282.11 (1991), 272.26 (1990)" );; line 27941 (wfb::comment exchange_rates |Cote d'Ivoire| "beginning 12 January 1994, the CFA franc was devalued to CFAF 100 per French franc from CFAF 50 at which it had been fixed since 1948" );; line 27945 (wfb::fiscal_year |Cote d'Ivoire| date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 27950 (wfb::railroads |Cote d'Ivoire| total "660 km (25 km double track)" );; line 27956 (wfb::railroads |Cote d'Ivoire| narrow_gauge "660 km 1.000-meter gauge" );; line 27958 (wfb::highways |Cote d'Ivoire| total (* 46600 km) );; line 27963 (wfb::highways |Cote d'Ivoire| paved (* 3600 km) );; line 27965 (wfb::highways |Cote d'Ivoire| (union gravel crushed_stone improved_earth ) (* 32000 km) );; line 27967 (wfb::highways |Cote d'Ivoire| unimproved_earth (* 11000 km) );; line 27967 (wfb::inland_waterways |Cote d'Ivoire| "980 km navigable rivers, canals, and numerous coastal lagoons" );; line 27972 (wfb::port |Cote d'Ivoire| |Abidjan-Cote d'Ivoire| );; line 27976 (wfb::port |Cote d'Ivoire| |Aboisso-Cote d'Ivoire| );; line 27976 (wfb::port |Cote d'Ivoire| |Dabou-Cote d'Ivoire| );; line 27976 (wfb::port |Cote d'Ivoire| |San-Pedro-Cote d'Ivoire| );; line 27976 (wfb::merchant_marine |Cote d'Ivoire| total "5 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 49,671 GRT/69,216 DWT" );; line 27981 (wfb::merchant_marine |Cote d'Ivoire| ships_by_type "chemical tanker 1, container 2, oil tanker 1, roll-on/roll-off cargo 1" );; line 27983 (wfb::airports |Cote d'Ivoire| total 40 );; line 27989 (wfb::airports |Cote d'Ivoire| |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 27991 (wfb::airports |Cote d'Ivoire| |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 2 );; line 27993 (wfb::airports |Cote d'Ivoire| |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 4 );; line 27995 (wfb::airports |Cote d'Ivoire| with_paved_runways_under_914_m 11 );; line 27997 (wfb::airports |Cote d'Ivoire| |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 6 );; line 27999 (wfb::airports |Cote d'Ivoire| |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 16 );; line 28001 (wfb::telephone_system |Cote d'Ivoire| "87,700 telephones; well-developed by African standards but operating well below capacity; consists of open-wire lines and radio relay microwave links" );; line 28006 (wfb::telephone_system |Cote d'Ivoire| local "NA" );; line 28010 (wfb::telephone_system |Cote d'Ivoire| intercity "NA microwave radio relay" );; line 28012 (wfb::telephone_system |Cote d'Ivoire| international "2 INTELSAT (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) earth stations; 2 coaxial submarine cables" );; line 28014 (wfb::radio |Cote d'Ivoire| broadcast_stations am 71 );; line 28020 (wfb::radio |Cote d'Ivoire| broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 28020 (wfb::radio |Cote d'Ivoire| broadcast_stations shortwave 13 );; line 28020 (wfb::radio |Cote d'Ivoire| radios n/a );; line 28022 (wfb::television |Cote d'Ivoire| broadcast_stations 18 );; line 28027 (wfb::television |Cote d'Ivoire| televisions n/a );; line 28029 (wfb::defense_branch |Cote d'Ivoire| |Army_Cote d'Ivoire| );; line 28035 (wfb::defense_branch |Cote d'Ivoire| |Navy_Cote d'Ivoire| );; line 28035 (wfb::defense_branch |Cote d'Ivoire| |Air Force_Cote d'Ivoire| );; line 28035 (wfb::defense_branch |Cote d'Ivoire| |paramilitary Gendarmerie_Cote d'Ivoire| );; line 28035 (wfb::defense_branch |Cote d'Ivoire| |Presidential Guard_Cote d'Ivoire| );; line 28035 (wfb::defense_branch |Cote d'Ivoire| |Military Fire Group_Cote d'Ivoire| );; line 28035 (wfb::manpower_availability |Cote d'Ivoire| "males age 15-49 3,318,314; males fit for military service 1,724,020; males reach military age (18) annually 154,120 (1995 est.)" );; line 28040 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures |Cote d'Ivoire| date_1993 );; line 28045 (wfb::defense_expenditures |Cote d'Ivoire| (* 140e6 $) );; line 28045 (wfb::defense_expenditures |Cote d'Ivoire| (* 1.4 %_of_gdp) );; line 28045 (wfb::markup-parameter figure croatia "graphno=\"hr.tif\"" );; line 28051 (wfb::location croatia "Southeastern Europe, bordering the Adriatic Sea, between Bosnia and Herzegovina and Slovenia" );; line 28055 (wfb::map_references croatia "Ethnic Groups in Eastern Europe, Europe" );; line 28060 (wfb::area croatia total_area (* 56538 sq_km) );; line 28065 (wfb::area croatia land_area (* 56410 sq_km) );; line 28067 (wfb::area croatia comparative_area "slightly smaller than West Virginia" );; line 28069 (wfb::borders croatia total (* 2028 km) );; line 28073 (wfb::borders croatia bosnia_and_herzegovina (* 932 km) );; line 28073 (wfb::borders croatia hungary (* 329 km) );; line 28073 (wfb::comment borders "241 km with Serbia; 25 km with Montenego" );; line 28073 (wfb::borders croatia serbia_and_montenegro (* 266 km) );; line 28073 (wfb::borders croatia slovenia (* 501 km) );; line 28073 (wfb::comment coastline croatia "mainland 1,778 km, islands 4,012 km" );; line 28079 (wfb::coastline croatia (* 5790 km) );; line 28079 (wfb::international_disputes croatia "Ethnic Serbs have occupied UN protected areas in eastern Croatia and along the western Bosnia and Herzegovinian border" );; line 28088 (wfb::climate croatia "Mediterranean" );; line 28093 (wfb::climate croatia "continental" );; line 28093 (wfb::climate croatia "continental climate predominant with hot summers and cold winters" );; line 28093 (wfb::climate croatia "mild winters, dry summers along coast" );; line 28093 (wfb::terrain croatia "geographically diverse" );; line 28098 (wfb::terrain croatia "flat plains along Hungarian border, low mountains and highlands near Adriatic coast, coastline, and islands" );; line 28098 (wfb::natural-resource croatia oil-natural-resource );; line 28103 (wfb::natural-resource croatia some_coal );; line 28103 (wfb::natural-resource croatia bauxite );; line 28103 (wfb::natural-resource croatia low-grade_iron_ore );; line 28103 (wfb::natural-resource croatia calcium );; line 28103 (wfb::natural-resource croatia natural_asphalt );; line 28103 (wfb::natural-resource croatia silica );; line 28103 (wfb::natural-resource croatia mica );; line 28103 (wfb::natural-resource croatia clays );; line 28103 (wfb::natural-resource croatia salt );; line 28103 (wfb::land_use croatia arable_land (* 32 %) );; line 28109 (wfb::land_use croatia permanent_crops (* 20 %) );; line 28111 (wfb::land_use croatia meadows_and_pastures (* 18 %) );; line 28113 (wfb::land_use croatia forest_and_woodland (* 15 %) );; line 28115 (wfb::land_use croatia other (* 15 %) );; line 28117 (wfb::irrigated_land croatia (* n/a sq_km) );; line 28121 (wfb::environment croatia current_issues "air pollution (from metallurgical plants) and resulting acid rain is damaging the forests" );; line 28126 (wfb::environment croatia current_issues "coastal pollution from industrial and domestic waste" );; line 28126 (wfb::environment croatia current_issues "widespread casualties and destruction of infrastructure in border areas affected by civil strife" );; line 28126 (wfb::environment croatia natural_hazards "frequent and destructive earthquakes" );; line 28131 (wfb::environment croatia international_agreements "party to - Air Pollution, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands" );; line 28133 (wfb::environment croatia international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification" );; line 28133 (wfb::note croatia "controls most land routes from Western Europe to Aegean Sea and Turkish Straits" );; line 28140 (wfb::estimation-date population croatia date_jul_1995 );; line 28147 (wfb::population croatia 4665821 );; line 28147 (wfb::age_structure croatia 0-14_years (* 19 %) );; line 28152 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex croatia 0-14_years female 418272 );; line 28152 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex croatia 0-14_years male 442064 );; line 28152 (wfb::age_structure croatia 15-64_years (* 68 %) );; line 28154 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex croatia 15-64_years female 1592187 );; line 28154 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex croatia 15-64_years male 1588455 );; line 28154 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure croatia 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 28156 (wfb::age_structure croatia 65_years_and_over (* 13 %) );; line 28156 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex croatia 65_years_and_over female 394650 );; line 28156 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex croatia 65_years_and_over male 230193 );; line 28156 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate croatia date_1995 );; line 28160 (wfb::population_growth_rate croatia (* 0.13 %) );; line 28160 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate croatia date_1995 );; line 28164 (wfb::birth_rate croatia (* 11.02 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 28164 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate croatia date_1995 );; line 28168 (wfb::death_rate croatia (* 10.55 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 28168 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate croatia date_1995 );; line 28172 (wfb::net_migration_rate croatia (* 0.77 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 28172 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate croatia date_1995 );; line 28176 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate croatia (* 8.4 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 28176 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth croatia total_population (* 74.02 years) );; line 28181 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth croatia male (* 70.59 years) );; line 28183 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth croatia female date_1995 );; line 28185 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth croatia female (* 77.65 years) );; line 28185 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate croatia date_1995 );; line 28189 (wfb::total_fertility_rate croatia (* 1.62 children_born/woman) );; line 28189 (wfb::nationality croatia noun "Croat(s)" );; line 28194 (wfb::nationality croatia adjective "Croatian" );; line 28196 (wfb::measurement-date ethnic-entity date_1991 );; line 28200 (wfb::ethnic-entity croatia croat (* 78 %) );; line 28200 (wfb::ethnic-entity croatia serb (* 12 %) );; line 28200 (wfb::ethnic-entity croatia muslim-ethnic-entity (* 0.9 %) );; line 28200 (wfb::ethnic-entity croatia hungarian (* 0.5 %) );; line 28200 (wfb::ethnic-entity croatia slovenian (* 0.5 %) );; line 28200 (wfb::religion croatia catholic (* 76.5 %) );; line 28205 (wfb::religion croatia orthodox (* 11.1 %) );; line 28205 (wfb::religion croatia slavic_muslim (* 1.2 %) );; line 28205 (wfb::religion croatia protestant (* 0.4 %) );; line 28205 (wfb::language croatia serbo-croatian (* 96 %) );; line 28210 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition croatia date_1991 );; line 28214 (wfb::literacy-condition croatia "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 28214 (wfb::literacy croatia total_population (* 97 %) );; line 28216 (wfb::literacy croatia male (* 99 %) );; line 28218 (wfb::literacy croatia female (* 95 %) );; line 28220 (wfb::total_labor_force croatia 1509489 );; line 28224 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation croatia industry_and_mining (* 37 %) );; line 28226 (wfb::comment labor_force_by_occupation croatia "1981 est." );; line 28226 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation croatia agriculture (* 16 %) );; line 28226 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation croatia government_na% n/a );; line 28226 (wfb::names croatia conventional_long_form "Republic of Croatia" );; line 28233 (wfb::names croatia conventional_short_form "Croatia" );; line 28235 (wfb::names croatia local_long_form "Republika Hrvatska" );; line 28237 (wfb::names croatia local_short_form "Hrvatska" );; line 28239 (wfb::digraph croatia "HR" );; line 28243 (wfb::type croatia "parliamentary democracy" );; line 28247 (wfb::capital croatia zagreb-croatia );; line 28251 (wfb::independence croatia date_25_jun_1991 "Yugoslavia" );; line 28263 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1990 );; line 28267 (wfb::comment national_holiday croatia "1990" );; line 28267 (wfb::national_holiday croatia "Statehood Day" date_30_may );; line 28267 (wfb::constitution croatia "adopted on 22 December 1990" );; line 28271 (wfb::legal_system croatia "based on civil law system" );; line 28275 (wfb::comment suffrage croatia " universal (16 years of age, if employed)" );; line 28279 (wfb::suffrage croatia (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 28279 (wfb::comment executive_branch croatia chief_of_state "election last held 4 August 1992 (next to be held NA 1997)" );; line 28284 (wfb::comment executive_branch croatia chief_of_state "results - Franjo TUDJMAN reelected with about 56% of the vote" );; line 28284 (wfb::comment executive_branch croatia chief_of_state "his opponent Dobroslav PARAGA got 5% of the vote" );; line 28284 (wfb::executive_branch croatia chief_of_state "President Franjo TUDJMAN " date_30_may_1990 );; line 28284 (wfb::comment executive_branch croatia head_of_government "Deputy Prime Ministers Mato GRANIC (since 8 September 1992)" );; line 28288 (wfb::comment executive_branch croatia head_of_government "Ivica KOSTOVIC (since 14 October 1993)" );; line 28288 (wfb::comment executive_branch croatia head_of_government "Jure RADIC (since NA)" );; line 28288 (wfb::comment executive_branch croatia head_of_government "Borislav SKEGRO (since 3 April 1993)" );; line 28288 (wfb::executive_branch croatia head_of_government "Prime Minister Nikica VALENTIC " date_3_apr_1993 );; line 28288 (wfb::comment executive_branch croatia cabinet "appointed by the president" );; line 28292 (wfb::executive_branch croatia cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 28292 (wfb::legislative_structure croatia bicameral "parliament Assembly (Sabor)" );; line 28296 (wfb::legislative_branch croatia "House of Districts (Zupanije Dom)" "elections last held 7 and 21 February 1993 (next to be held NA February 1997); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (68 total; 63 elected, 5 presidentially appointed) HDZ 37, HSLS 16, HSS 5, Istrian Democratic Assembly 3, SPH-SDP 1, HNS 1" );; line 28298 (wfb::legislative_branch croatia "House of Representatives (Predstavnicke Dom)" "elections last held 2 August 1992 (next to be held NA August 1996); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (138 total) HDZ 85, HSLS 14, SPH-SDP 11, HNS 6, Dalmatian Action/Istrian Democratic Assembly/ Rijeka Democratic Alliance coalition 6, HSP 5, HSS 3, SNS 3, independents 5" );; line 28303 (wfb::judicial_branch croatia "Supreme Court, Constitutional Court" );; line 28310 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders croatia "Croatian Democratic Union (HDZ), Zlatko CANJUGA, secretary general; Croatian Democratic Independents (HND), Stjepan MESIC, president; Croatian Social Liberal Party (HSLS), Drazen BUDISA, president; Croatian Democratic Peasant Party (HDSS), Ante BABIC; Croatian Party of Rights (HSP), Ante DAPIC; Croatian Peasants' Party (HSS), Josip PANKRETIC; Croatian People's Party (HNS), Radimir CACIC, president; Dalmatian Action (DA), Mira LJUBIC-LORGER; Serb National Party (SNS), Milan DJUKIC; Social Democratic Action (SDP), Miko TRIPALO; other small parties include the Istrian Democratic Assembly and the Rijeka Democratic Alliance" );; line 28314 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups croatia "NA" );; line 28326 (wfb::member_of croatia ccc );; line 28330 (wfb::member_of croatia ce );; line 28330 (wfb::comment member_of croatia ce "guest" );; line 28330 (wfb::member_of croatia cei );; line 28330 (wfb::member_of croatia ebrd );; line 28330 (wfb::member_of croatia ece );; line 28330 (wfb::member_of croatia fao );; line 28330 (wfb::member_of croatia iadb );; line 28330 (wfb::member_of croatia iaea );; line 28330 (wfb::member_of croatia ibrd );; line 28330 (wfb::member_of croatia icao );; line 28330 (wfb::member_of croatia icrm );; line 28330 (wfb::member_of croatia ida );; line 28330 (wfb::member_of croatia ifad );; line 28330 (wfb::member_of croatia ifc );; line 28330 (wfb::member_of croatia ilo );; line 28330 (wfb::member_of croatia imf );; line 28330 (wfb::member_of croatia imo );; line 28330 (wfb::member_of croatia inmarsat );; line 28330 (wfb::member_of croatia intelsat );; line 28330 (wfb::member_of croatia interpol );; line 28330 (wfb::member_of croatia ioc );; line 28330 (wfb::member_of croatia iom );; line 28330 (wfb::member_of croatia iso );; line 28330 (wfb::member_of croatia itu );; line 28330 (wfb::member_of croatia nam );; line 28330 (wfb::comment member_of croatia nam "observer" );; line 28330 (wfb::member_of croatia osce );; line 28330 (wfb::member_of croatia un );; line 28330 (wfb::member_of croatia unctad );; line 28330 (wfb::member_of croatia unesco );; line 28330 (wfb::member_of croatia unido );; line 28330 (wfb::member_of croatia upu );; line 28330 (wfb::member_of croatia who );; line 28330 (wfb::member_of croatia wipo );; line 28330 (wfb::member_of croatia wmo );; line 28330 (wfb::member_of croatia wto );; line 28330 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us croatia chief_of_mission "Ambassador Petar A. SARCEVIC" );; line 28338 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us croatia chancery "2343 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 28340 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us croatia telephone "[1] (202) 588-5899" );; line 28342 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us croatia fax "[1] (202) 588-8936" );; line 28344 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us croatia |consulate(s) general| "New York" );; line 28346 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation croatia chief_of_mission "Ambassador Peter W. GALBRAITH" );; line 28351 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation croatia embassy "Andrije Hebranga 2, Zagreb" );; line 28353 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation croatia mailing_address "US Embassy, Zagreb, Unit 1345, APO AE 09213-1345" );; line 28355 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation croatia telephone "[385] (41) 456-000" );; line 28357 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation croatia fax "[385] (41) 440-235" );; line 28359 (wfb::flag croatia "red, white, and blue horizontal bands with Croatian coat of arms (red and white checkered)" );; line 28363 (wfb::overview croatia "Before the dissolution of Yugoslavia, the republic of Croatia, after Slovenia, was the most prosperous and industrialized area, with a per capita output perhaps one-third above the Yugoslav average. At present, Croatian Serb Separatists control approximately one-third of the Croatian territory, and one of the overriding determinants of Croatia's long-term political and economic prospects will be the resolution of this territorial dispute. Croatia faces serious economic problems stemming from: the legacy of longtime Communist mismanagement of the economy; large foreign debt; damage during the fighting to bridges, factories, power lines, buildings, and houses; the large refugee population, both Croatian and Bosnian; and the disruption of economic ties to Serbia and the other former Yugoslav republics, as well as within its own territory. At the minimum, extensive Western aid and investment, especially in the tourist and oil industries, would seem necessary to revive the moribund economy. However, peace and political stability must come first; only then will recent government moves toward a \"market-friendly\" economy restore old levels of output. As of February 1995, fighting continues among Croats, Serbs, and Muslims, and national boundaries and final political arrangements are still in doubt." );; line 28369 (wfb::estimation-date national_product croatia date_1994 );; line 28390 (wfb::national_product croatia (* 12.4e9 $) );; line 28390 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate croatia date_1994 );; line 28394 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate croatia (* 3.4 %) );; line 28394 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita croatia date_1994 );; line 28398 (wfb::national_product_per_capita croatia (* 2640 $) );; line 28398 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| croatia "3% (1994 est.)" );; line 28402 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate croatia date_dec_1994 );; line 28406 (wfb::unemployment_rate croatia (* 17 %) );; line 28406 (wfb::budget croatia revenues (* n/a $) );; line 28411 (wfb::budget croatia expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 28413 (wfb::budget croatia capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 28413 (wfb::exports croatia (* 3.9e9 $) );; line 28417 (wfb::measurement-date exports croatia date_1990 );; line 28419 (wfb::exports croatia commodities machinery_and_transport_equipment (* 30 %) );; line 28419 (wfb::exports croatia commodities chemicals-commodity (* 11 %) );; line 28419 (wfb::exports croatia commodities food_and_live_animals (* 9 %) );; line 28419 (wfb::exports croatia commodities raw_materials (* 6.5 %) );; line 28419 (wfb::exports croatia commodities fuels_and_lubricants (* 5 %) );; line 28419 (wfb::exports croatia partners ec_countries n/a );; line 28423 (wfb::exports croatia partners slovenia n/a );; line 28423 (wfb::imports croatia (* 4.7e9 $) );; line 28427 (wfb::measurement-date imports croatia date_1990 );; line 28429 (wfb::imports croatia commodities machinery_and_transport_equipment (* 21 %) );; line 28429 (wfb::imports croatia commodities fuels_and_lubricants (* 19 %) );; line 28429 (wfb::imports croatia commodities food_and_live_animals (* 16 %) );; line 28429 (wfb::imports croatia commodities chemicals-commodity (* 14 %) );; line 28429 (wfb::imports croatia commodities manufactured_goods (* 13 %) );; line 28429 (wfb::imports croatia commodities miscellaneous_manufactured_articles (* 9 %) );; line 28429 (wfb::imports croatia commodities raw_materials (* 6.5 %) );; line 28429 (wfb::imports croatia commodities beverages_and_tobacco (* 1 %) );; line 28429 (wfb::imports croatia partners ec_countries n/a );; line 28434 (wfb::imports croatia partners slovenia n/a );; line 28434 (wfb::imports croatia partners fsu_countries n/a );; line 28434 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt croatia date_sep_1994 );; line 28438 (wfb::external_debt croatia (* 2.9e9 $) );; line 28438 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 28442 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production croatia date_1994 );; line 28442 (wfb::industrial_production croatia growth_rate (* -4 %) );; line 28442 (wfb::electricity croatia capacity (* 3570000 kw) );; line 28447 (wfb::electricity croatia production (* n/a kwh) );; line 28449 (wfb::measurement-date electricity croatia consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 28451 (wfb::electricity croatia consumption_per_capita (* n/a kwh) );; line 28451 (wfb::industry croatia chemicals );; line 28455 (wfb::industry croatia plastics );; line 28455 (wfb::industry croatia machine_tools );; line 28455 (wfb::industry croatia fabricated_metal );; line 28455 (wfb::industry croatia electronics-industry );; line 28455 (wfb::industry croatia pig_iron_and_rolled_steel_products );; line 28455 (wfb::industry croatia aluminum_reduction );; line 28455 (wfb::industry croatia paper );; line 28455 (wfb::industry croatia |wood products (including furniture)| );; line 28455 (wfb::industry croatia |building materials (including cement)| );; line 28455 (wfb::industry croatia textiles );; line 28455 (wfb::industry croatia shipbuilding );; line 28455 (wfb::industry croatia petroleum_and_petroleum_refining );; line 28455 (wfb::industry croatia food_processing_and_beverages );; line 28455 (wfb::agriculture croatia "Croatia normally produces a food surplus; most agricultural land in private hands and concentrated in Croat-majority districts in Slavonia and Istria; much of Slavonia's land has been put out of production by fighting; wheat, corn, sugar beets, sunflowers, alfalfa, and clover are main crops in Slavonia; central Croatian highlands are less fertile but support cereal production, orchards, vineyards, livestock breeding, and dairy farming; coastal areas and offshore islands grow olives, citrus fruits, and vegetables" );; line 28463 (wfb::economic_aid croatia recipient "IMF, $192 million" );; line 28475 (wfb::abbreviation croatian_kuna "HRK" );; line 28479 (wfb::currency croatia croatian_kuna 100 paras );; line 28479 (wfb::exchange_rates croatia "Croatian kuna per US $1 - 5.6144 (November 1994)" );; line 28483 (wfb::fiscal_year croatia date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 28487 (wfb::railroads croatia total "2,699 km" );; line 28493 (wfb::railroads croatia standard_gauge "2,699 km 1.435-m gauge (963 km electrified)" );; line 28495 (wfb::comment railroads croatia "disrupted by territorial dispute (1994)" );; line 28497 (wfb::highways croatia total (* 27368 km) );; line 28502 (wfb::comment highways croatia paved "302 km of expressways" );; line 28504 (wfb::measurement-date highways croatia date_1991 );; line 28506 (wfb::inland_waterways croatia "785 km perennially navigable" );; line 28510 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 670 km) );; line 28514 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 20 km) );; line 28514 (wfb::measurement-date pipelines date_1992 );; line 28514 (wfb::comment pipelines croatia "1992" );; line 28514 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 310 km) );; line 28514 (wfb::port croatia dubrovnik-croatia );; line 28519 (wfb::port croatia omis-croatia );; line 28519 (wfb::port croatia ploce-croatia );; line 28519 (wfb::port croatia pula-croatia );; line 28519 (wfb::port croatia rijeka-croatia );; line 28519 (wfb::port croatia sibenik-croatia );; line 28519 (wfb::port croatia split-croatia );; line 28519 (wfb::port croatia zadar-croatia );; line 28519 (wfb::merchant_marine croatia total "35 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 181,565 GRT/225,533 DWT" );; line 28524 (wfb::merchant_marine croatia ships_by_type "bulk 1, cargo 20, chemical tanker 1, container 2, oil tanker 2, passenger 2, refrigerated cargo 1, roll-on/roll-off cargo 2, short-sea passenger 4" );; line 28526 (wfb::comment merchant_marine croatia "also controlled by Croatian shipowners are 134 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 3,286,231 DWT that operate under Maltese and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines registry" );; line 28530 (wfb::airports croatia total 76 );; line 28537 (wfb::airports croatia |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 2 );; line 28539 (wfb::airports croatia |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 6 );; line 28541 (wfb::airports croatia |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 2 );; line 28543 (wfb::airports croatia |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 28545 (wfb::airports croatia with_paved_runways_under_914_m 55 );; line 28547 (wfb::airports croatia |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 2 );; line 28549 (wfb::airports croatia |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 8 );; line 28551 (wfb::telephone_system croatia "350,000 telephones" );; line 28556 (wfb::telephone_system croatia local "NA" );; line 28558 (wfb::telephone_system croatia intercity "NA" );; line 28560 (wfb::telephone_system croatia international "no satellite links" );; line 28562 (wfb::radio croatia broadcast_stations am 14 );; line 28567 (wfb::radio croatia broadcast_stations fm 8 );; line 28567 (wfb::radio croatia broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 28567 (wfb::radio croatia radios 1.1e6 );; line 28569 (wfb::comment television croatia broadcast_stations "repeaters 2" );; line 28574 (wfb::television croatia broadcast_stations 12 );; line 28574 (wfb::television croatia televisions 1.027e6 );; line 28576 (wfb::defense_branch croatia ground_forces_croatia );; line 28582 (wfb::defense_branch croatia naval_forces_croatia );; line 28582 (wfb::defense_branch croatia air_and_air_defense_forces_croatia );; line 28582 (wfb::defense_branch croatia frontier_guard_croatia );; line 28582 (wfb::defense_branch croatia home_guard_croatia );; line 28582 (wfb::manpower_availability croatia "males age 15-49 1,183,184; males fit for military service 943,749; males reach military age (19) annually 32,831 (1995 est.)" );; line 28587 (wfb::markup-parameter figure cuba "graphno=\"cu.tif\"" );; line 28600 (wfb::location cuba "Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, south of Florida" );; line 28604 (wfb::map_references cuba "Central America and the Caribbean" );; line 28609 (wfb::area cuba total_area (* 110860 sq_km) );; line 28614 (wfb::area cuba land_area (* 110860 sq_km) );; line 28616 (wfb::area cuba comparative_area "slightly smaller than Pennsylvania" );; line 28618 (wfb::borders cuba total (* 29 km) );; line 28622 (wfb::borders cuba us_naval_base_at_guantanamo_bay (* 29 km) );; line 28622 (wfb::comment land_boundaries cuba "Guantanamo Naval Base is leased by the US and thus remains part of Cuba" );; line 28624 (wfb::coastline cuba (* 3735 km) );; line 28629 (wfb::maritime_claims cuba exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 28634 (wfb::maritime_claims cuba territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 28636 (wfb::international_disputes cuba "US Naval Base at Guantanamo Bay is leased to US and only mutual agreement or US abandonment of the area can terminate the lease" );; line 28640 (wfb::climate cuba "tropical" );; line 28645 (wfb::climate cuba "moderated by trade winds" );; line 28645 (wfb::climate cuba "dry season (November to April)" );; line 28645 (wfb::climate cuba "rainy season (May to October)" );; line 28645 (wfb::terrain cuba "mostly flat to rolling plains with rugged hills and mountains in the southeast" );; line 28650 (wfb::natural-resource cuba cobalt );; line 28655 (wfb::natural-resource cuba nickel );; line 28655 (wfb::natural-resource cuba iron_ore );; line 28655 (wfb::natural-resource cuba copper );; line 28655 (wfb::natural-resource cuba manganese );; line 28655 (wfb::natural-resource cuba salt );; line 28655 (wfb::natural-resource cuba timber );; line 28655 (wfb::natural-resource cuba silica );; line 28655 (wfb::natural-resource cuba petroleum );; line 28655 (wfb::land_use cuba arable_land (* 23 %) );; line 28661 (wfb::land_use cuba permanent_crops (* 6 %) );; line 28663 (wfb::land_use cuba meadows_and_pastures (* 23 %) );; line 28665 (wfb::land_use cuba forest_and_woodland (* 17 %) );; line 28667 (wfb::land_use cuba other (* 31 %) );; line 28669 (wfb::measurement-date irrigated_land cuba date_1989 );; line 28673 (wfb::irrigated_land cuba (* 8960 sq_km) );; line 28673 (wfb::environment cuba current_issues "pollution of Havana Bay" );; line 28678 (wfb::environment cuba current_issues "overhunting threatens wildlife populations" );; line 28678 (wfb::environment cuba current_issues "deforestation" );; line 28678 (wfb::environment cuba natural_hazards "the east coast is subject to hurricanes from August to October (in general, the country averages about one hurricane every other year)" );; line 28681 (wfb::environment cuba natural_hazards "droughts are common" );; line 28681 (wfb::environment cuba international_agreements "party to - Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution" );; line 28685 (wfb::environment cuba international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Desertification, Marine Life Conservation" );; line 28685 (wfb::note cuba "largest country in Caribbean" );; line 28693 (wfb::estimation-date population cuba date_jul_1995 );; line 28699 (wfb::population cuba 10937635 );; line 28699 (wfb::age_structure cuba 0-14_years (* 22 %) );; line 28704 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex cuba 0-14_years female 1191320 );; line 28704 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex cuba 0-14_years male 1256928 );; line 28704 (wfb::age_structure cuba 15-64_years (* 68 %) );; line 28706 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex cuba 15-64_years female 3732434 );; line 28706 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex cuba 15-64_years male 3751464 );; line 28706 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure cuba 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 28708 (wfb::age_structure cuba 65_years_and_over (* 10 %) );; line 28708 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex cuba 65_years_and_over female 528104 );; line 28708 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex cuba 65_years_and_over male 477385 );; line 28708 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate cuba date_1995 );; line 28712 (wfb::population_growth_rate cuba (* 0.65 %) );; line 28712 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate cuba date_1995 );; line 28716 (wfb::birth_rate cuba (* 14.54 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 28716 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate cuba date_1995 );; line 28720 (wfb::death_rate cuba (* 6.53 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 28720 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate cuba date_1995 );; line 28724 (wfb::net_migration_rate cuba (* -1.55 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 28724 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate cuba date_1995 );; line 28728 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate cuba (* 8.1 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 28728 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth cuba total_population (* 77.05 years) );; line 28733 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth cuba male (* 74.86 years) );; line 28735 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth cuba female date_1995 );; line 28737 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth cuba female (* 79.37 years) );; line 28737 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate cuba date_1995 );; line 28741 (wfb::total_fertility_rate cuba (* 1.63 children_born/woman) );; line 28741 (wfb::nationality cuba noun "Cuban(s)" );; line 28746 (wfb::nationality cuba adjective "Cuban" );; line 28748 (wfb::ethnic-entity cuba mulatto (* 51 %) );; line 28752 (wfb::ethnic-entity cuba white (* 37 %) );; line 28752 (wfb::ethnic-entity cuba black (* 11 %) );; line 28752 (wfb::ethnic-entity cuba chinese (* 1 %) );; line 28752 (wfb::language cuba spanish-language-group n/a );; line 28760 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition cuba date_1981 );; line 28764 (wfb::literacy-condition cuba "age 15-49 and over can read and write" );; line 28764 (wfb::literacy cuba total_population (* 98 %) );; line 28766 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force cuba by_occupation date_jun_1990 );; line 28773 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_jun_1990 );; line 28773 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation cuba services_and_government (* 30 %) );; line 28773 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation cuba industry (* 22 %) );; line 28773 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation cuba agriculture (* 20 %) );; line 28773 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation cuba commerce (* 11 %) );; line 28773 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation cuba construction (* 10 %) );; line 28773 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation cuba transportation_and_communications (* 7 %) );; line 28773 (wfb::names cuba conventional_long_form "Republic of Cuba" );; line 28781 (wfb::names cuba conventional_short_form "Cuba" );; line 28783 (wfb::names cuba local_long_form "Republica de Cuba" );; line 28785 (wfb::names cuba local_short_form "Cuba" );; line 28787 (wfb::digraph cuba "CU" );; line 28791 (wfb::type cuba "Communist state" );; line 28795 (wfb::capital cuba havana-cuba );; line 28799 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_cuba_provinces "provinces" "provincias" "provincia" );; line 28803 (wfb::administrative_divisions cuba adm_div_cuba_provinces 14 );; line 28803 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_cuba_special_municipality "special municipality" "n/a" "municipio especial" );; line 28803 (wfb::administrative_divisions cuba adm_div_cuba_special_municipality 1 );; line 28803 (wfb::administrative_division_of cuba adm_div_cuba_provinces "Camaguey" );; line 28803 (wfb::administrative_division_of cuba adm_div_cuba_provinces "Ciego de Avila" );; line 28803 (wfb::administrative_division_of cuba adm_div_cuba_provinces "Cienfuegos" );; line 28803 (wfb::administrative_division_of cuba adm_div_cuba_provinces "Ciudad de La Habana" );; line 28803 (wfb::administrative_division_of cuba adm_div_cuba_provinces "Granma" );; line 28803 (wfb::administrative_division_of cuba adm_div_cuba_provinces "Guantanamo" );; line 28803 (wfb::administrative_division_of cuba adm_div_cuba_provinces "Holguin" );; line 28803 (wfb::administrative_division_of cuba adm_div_cuba_special_municipality "Isla de la Juventud" );; line 28803 (wfb::administrative_division_of cuba adm_div_cuba_provinces "La Habana" );; line 28803 (wfb::administrative_division_of cuba adm_div_cuba_provinces "Las Tunas" );; line 28803 (wfb::administrative_division_of cuba adm_div_cuba_provinces "Matanzas" );; line 28803 (wfb::administrative_division_of cuba adm_div_cuba_provinces "Pinar del Rio" );; line 28803 (wfb::administrative_division_of cuba adm_div_cuba_provinces "Sancti Spiritus" );; line 28803 (wfb::administrative_division_of cuba adm_div_cuba_provinces "Santiago de Cuba" );; line 28803 (wfb::administrative_division_of cuba adm_div_cuba_provinces "Villa Clara" );; line 28803 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1953 );; line 28816 (wfb::comment national_holiday cuba "1953" );; line 28816 (wfb::national_holiday cuba "Rebellion Day" date_26_jul );; line 28816 (wfb::constitution cuba "24 February 1976" );; line 28820 (wfb::legal_system cuba "based on Spanish and American law, with large elements of Communist legal theory; does not accept compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 28824 (wfb::comment suffrage cuba " universal" );; line 28829 (wfb::suffrage cuba (* 16 years_of_age) );; line 28829 (wfb::comment executive_branch cuba chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "First Vice President of the Council of State and First Vice President of the Council of Ministers Gen. Raul CASTRO Ruz (since 2 December 1976)" );; line 28834 (wfb::executive_branch cuba chief_of_state "President of the Council of State and President of the Council of Ministers Fidel CASTRO Ruz (Prime Minister from February 1959 until 24 February 1976 when office was abolished; President since 2 December 1976)" n/a );; line 28834 (wfb::executive_branch cuba head_of_government "President of the Council of State and President of the Council of Ministers Fidel CASTRO Ruz (Prime Minister from February 1959 until 24 February 1976 when office was abolished; President since 2 December 1976)" n/a );; line 28834 (wfb::comment executive_branch cuba cabinet "proposed by the president of the Council of State, appointed by the National Assembly" );; line 28840 (wfb::executive_branch cuba cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 28840 (wfb::legislative_structure cuba unicameral n/a );; line 28845 (wfb::legislative_branch cuba "National Assembly of People's Power" "(Asamblea Nacional del Poder Popular) elections last held February 1993 (next to be held NA); seats - 589 total, elected directly from slates approved by special candidacy commissions" );; line 28847 (wfb::judicial_branch cuba "People's Supreme Court (Tribunal Supremo Popular)" );; line 28853 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders cuba "only party - Cuban Communist Party (PCC), Fidel CASTRO Ruz, first secretary" );; line 28857 (wfb::member_of cuba ccc );; line 28862 (wfb::member_of cuba eclac );; line 28862 (wfb::member_of cuba fao );; line 28862 (wfb::member_of cuba g-77 );; line 28862 (wfb::member_of cuba gatt );; line 28862 (wfb::member_of cuba iaea );; line 28862 (wfb::member_of cuba icao );; line 28862 (wfb::member_of cuba icrm );; line 28862 (wfb::member_of cuba ifad );; line 28862 (wfb::member_of cuba ifrcs );; line 28862 (wfb::member_of cuba ilo );; line 28862 (wfb::member_of cuba imo );; line 28862 (wfb::member_of cuba inmarsat );; line 28862 (wfb::member_of cuba intelsat );; line 28862 (wfb::comment member_of cuba intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 28862 (wfb::member_of cuba interpol );; line 28862 (wfb::member_of cuba ioc );; line 28862 (wfb::member_of cuba iso );; line 28862 (wfb::member_of cuba itu );; line 28862 (wfb::member_of cuba laes );; line 28862 (wfb::member_of cuba laia );; line 28862 (wfb::comment member_of cuba laia "observer" );; line 28862 (wfb::member_of cuba nam );; line 28862 (wfb::member_of cuba oas );; line 28862 (wfb::comment member_of cuba oas "excluded from formal participation since 1962" );; line 28862 (wfb::member_of cuba pca );; line 28862 (wfb::member_of cuba un );; line 28862 (wfb::member_of cuba unctad );; line 28862 (wfb::member_of cuba unesco );; line 28862 (wfb::member_of cuba unido );; line 28862 (wfb::member_of cuba upu );; line 28862 (wfb::member_of cuba wcl );; line 28862 (wfb::member_of cuba wftu );; line 28862 (wfb::member_of cuba who );; line 28862 (wfb::member_of cuba wipo );; line 28862 (wfb::member_of cuba wmo );; line 28862 (wfb::member_of cuba wto );; line 28862 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us cuba chief_of_mission "Principal Officer Alfonso FRAGA PEREZ (since August 1992) represented by the Cuban Interests Section of the Swiss Embassy in Washington, DC" );; line 28870 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us cuba chancery "2630 and 2639 16th Street NW, Cuban Interests Section, Swiss Embassy, Washington, DC 20009" );; line 28873 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us cuba telephone "[1] (202) 797-8609, 8610, 8615" );; line 28876 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation cuba chief_of_mission "Principal Officer Joseph G. SULLIVAN" );; line 28881 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation cuba us_interests_section "USINT, Swiss Embassy, Calzada Entre L Y M, Vedado Seccion, Havana" );; line 28883 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation cuba mailing_address "use street address" );; line 28886 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation cuba telephone "33-3551 through 3559, 33-3543 through 3547, 33-3700 (operator assistance required)" );; line 28888 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation cuba fax "Telex 512206" );; line 28891 (wfb::comment us_diplomatic_representation cuba "protecting power in Cuba is Switzerland - US Interests Section, Swiss Embassy" );; line 28893 (wfb::flag cuba "five equal horizontal bands of blue (top and bottom) alternating with white; a red equilateral triangle based on the hoist side bears a white five-pointed star in the center" );; line 28898 (wfb::overview cuba "Cuba's heavily statist economy remains severely depressed as the result of its own inefficiencies and the loss of massive amounts of economic aid from the former Soviet Bloc. Total output in 1994 was only about half the output of 1989. The fall in output and in imports is reflected in the deterioration of food supplies, shortages of electricity, inability to get spare parts, and the replacement of motor-driven vehicles by bicycles and draft animals. Higher world market prices for sugar and nickel in 1994, however, resulted in a slight increase in export earnings for the first time in six years, despite lower production of both commodities. The growth of tourism slowed in late 1994 as a result of negative publicity surrounding the exodus of Cubans from the island and other international factors. The government continued its aggressive search for foreign investment and announced preliminary agreements to form large joint ventures with Mexican investors in telecommunications and oil refining. In mid-1994, the National Assembly began introducing several new taxes and price increases to stem growing excess liquidity and restore some of the peso's value as a monetary instrument. In October the government attempted to stimulate food production by permitting the sale of any surplus production (over state quotas) at unrestricted prices at designated markets. Similar but much smaller markets were also introduced for the sale of manufactured goods in December. The various government measures have influenced a remarkable appreciation of the black market value of the peso, from more than 100 pesos to the dollar in September 1994 to 40 pesos to the dollar in early 1995. Policy discussions continue in the bureaucracy over the proper pace and scope of economic reform." );; line 28905 (wfb::estimation-date national_product cuba date_1994 );; line 28932 (wfb::national_product cuba (* 14e9 $) );; line 28932 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate cuba date_1994 );; line 28936 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate cuba (* 0.4 %) );; line 28936 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita cuba date_1994 );; line 28940 (wfb::national_product_per_capita cuba (* 1260 $) );; line 28940 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| cuba "NA%" );; line 28944 (wfb::unemployment_rate cuba (* n/a %) );; line 28948 (wfb::budget cuba revenues (* 9.3e9 $) );; line 28953 (wfb::estimation-date budget cuba date_1994 );; line 28955 (wfb::budget cuba expenditures (* 12.5e9 $) );; line 28955 (wfb::budget cuba capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 28955 (wfb::exports cuba (* 1.6e9 $) );; line 28959 (wfb::exports cuba commodities sugar-commodity n/a );; line 28961 (wfb::exports cuba commodities nickel-commodity n/a );; line 28961 (wfb::exports cuba commodities shellfish n/a );; line 28961 (wfb::exports cuba commodities tobacco n/a );; line 28961 (wfb::exports cuba commodities medical_products n/a );; line 28961 (wfb::exports cuba commodities citrus n/a );; line 28961 (wfb::exports cuba commodities coffee n/a );; line 28961 (wfb::estimation-date exports cuba date_1994 );; line 28964 (wfb::exports cuba partners russia (* 15 %) );; line 28964 (wfb::exports cuba partners canada (* 9 %) );; line 28964 (wfb::exports cuba partners china (* 8 %) );; line 28964 (wfb::exports cuba partners egypt (* 6 %) );; line 28964 (wfb::exports cuba partners spain (* 5 %) );; line 28964 (wfb::exports cuba partners japan (* 4 %) );; line 28964 (wfb::exports cuba partners morocco (* 4 %) );; line 28964 (wfb::imports cuba (* 1.7e9 $) );; line 28969 (wfb::imports cuba commodities petroleum-commodity n/a );; line 28971 (wfb::imports cuba commodities food n/a );; line 28971 (wfb::imports cuba commodities machinery n/a );; line 28971 (wfb::imports cuba commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 28971 (wfb::estimation-date imports cuba date_1994 );; line 28973 (wfb::imports cuba partners spain (* 17 %) );; line 28973 (wfb::imports cuba partners mexico (* 10 %) );; line 28973 (wfb::imports cuba partners france (* 8 %) );; line 28973 (wfb::imports cuba partners china (* 8 %) );; line 28973 (wfb::imports cuba partners venezuela (* 7 %) );; line 28973 (wfb::imports cuba partners italy (* 4 %) );; line 28973 (wfb::imports cuba partners canada (* 3 |%,|) );; line 28973 (wfb::industrial_production cuba growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 28982 (wfb::electricity cuba capacity (* 3990000 kw) );; line 28987 (wfb::electricity cuba production (* 12e9 kwh) );; line 28989 (wfb::measurement-date electricity cuba consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 28991 (wfb::electricity cuba consumption_per_capita (* 1022 kwh) );; line 28991 (wfb::industry cuba sugar_milling_and_refining );; line 28995 (wfb::industry cuba petroleum_refining );; line 28995 (wfb::industry cuba food_and_tobacco_processing );; line 28995 (wfb::industry cuba textiles );; line 28995 (wfb::industry cuba chemicals );; line 28995 (wfb::industry cuba paper_and_wood_products );; line 28995 (wfb::industry cuba |metals (particularly nickel)| );; line 28995 (wfb::industry cuba cement );; line 28995 (wfb::industry cuba fertilizers );; line 28995 (wfb::industry cuba consumer_goods-industry );; line 28995 (wfb::industry cuba agricultural_machinery );; line 28995 (wfb::agriculture cuba "key commercial crops - sugarcane, tobacco, and citrus fruits; other products - coffee, rice, potatoes, meat, beans; world's largest sugar exporter; not self-sufficient in food (excluding sugar); sector hurt by persistent shortages of fuels and parts" );; line 29001 (wfb::economic_aid cuba recipient "Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $710 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $18.5 billion" );; line 29009 (wfb::abbreviation cuban_peso "Cu$" );; line 29014 (wfb::currency cuba cuban_peso 100 centavos );; line 29014 (wfb::exchange_rates cuba "Cuban pesos (Cu$) per US$1 - 1.0000 (non-convertible, official rate, linked to the US dollar)" );; line 29018 (wfb::fiscal_year cuba date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 29023 (wfb::railroads cuba total "12,623 km" );; line 29029 (wfb::railroads cuba standard_gauge "4,881 km 1.435-m gauge (151.7 km electrified)" );; line 29031 (wfb::railroads cuba other "7,742 km 0.914- and 1.435-m gauge for sugar plantation lines" );; line 29033 (wfb::highways cuba total (* 26477 km) );; line 29038 (wfb::highways cuba paved (* 14477 km) );; line 29040 (wfb::measurement-date highways cuba date_1989 );; line 29042 (wfb::comment highways cuba unpaved "1989" );; line 29042 (wfb::measurement-date highways cuba unpaved gravel_or_earth date_1989 );; line 29042 (wfb::highways cuba gravel_or_earth (* 12000 km) );; line 29042 (wfb::inland_waterways cuba "240 km" );; line 29046 (wfb::port cuba cienfuegos-cuba );; line 29050 (wfb::port cuba la_habana-cuba );; line 29050 (wfb::port cuba manzanillo-cuba );; line 29050 (wfb::port cuba mariel-cuba );; line 29050 (wfb::port cuba matanzas-cuba );; line 29050 (wfb::port cuba nuevitas-cuba );; line 29050 (wfb::port cuba santiago_de_cuba-cuba );; line 29050 (wfb::merchant_marine cuba total "48 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 278,103 GRT/396,138 DWT" );; line 29056 (wfb::merchant_marine cuba ships_by_type "bulk 1, cargo 22, chemical tanker 1, liquefied gas tanker 4, oil tanker 10, passenger-cargo 1, refrigerated cargo 9" );; line 29058 (wfb::comment merchant_marine cuba "Cuba beneficially owns an additional 24 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 215,703 DWT under the registry of Panama, Cyprus, Malta, and Mauritius" );; line 29061 (wfb::airports cuba total 181 );; line 29067 (wfb::airports cuba |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 7 );; line 29069 (wfb::airports cuba |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 8 );; line 29071 (wfb::airports cuba |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 13 );; line 29073 (wfb::airports cuba |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 10 );; line 29075 (wfb::airports cuba with_paved_runways_under_914_m 106 );; line 29077 (wfb::airports cuba |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 1 );; line 29079 (wfb::airports cuba |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 36 );; line 29081 (wfb::telephone_system cuba "229,000 telephones; 20.7 telephones/1,000 persons; among the world's least developed telephone systems" );; line 29086 (wfb::telephone_system cuba local "NA" );; line 29089 (wfb::telephone_system cuba intercity "NA" );; line 29091 (wfb::telephone_system cuba international "1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station" );; line 29093 (wfb::radio cuba broadcast_stations am 150 );; line 29098 (wfb::radio cuba broadcast_stations fm 5 );; line 29098 (wfb::radio cuba broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 29098 (wfb::radio cuba radios 2.14e6 );; line 29100 (wfb::television cuba broadcast_stations 58 );; line 29105 (wfb::television cuba televisions 1.53e6 );; line 29107 (wfb::comment defense_branch cuba revolutionary_navy_cuba "MGR" );; line 29113 (wfb::defense_branch cuba revolutionary_navy_cuba );; line 29113 (wfb::comment defense_branch cuba air_and_air_defense_force_cuba "DAAFAR" );; line 29113 (wfb::defense_branch cuba air_and_air_defense_force_cuba );; line 29113 (wfb::comment defense_branch cuba territorial_militia_troops_cuba "MTT" );; line 29113 (wfb::defense_branch cuba territorial_militia_troops_cuba );; line 29113 (wfb::comment defense_branch cuba youth_labor_army_cuba "EJT" );; line 29113 (wfb::defense_branch cuba youth_labor_army_cuba );; line 29113 (wfb::defense_branch cuba |Interior Ministry Border Guards (TGF),_cuba| );; line 29113 (wfb::manpower_availability cuba "males age 15-49 3,065,751; females age 15-49 3,023,997; males fit for military service 1,909,901; females fit for military service 1,878,768; males reach military age (17) annually 72,582; females reach military age (17) annually 69,361 (1995 est.)" );; line 29120 (wfb::note cuba "Moscow, for decades the key military supporter and supplier of Cuba, cut off military aid by 1993" );; line 29132 (wfb::markup-parameter figure cyprus "graphno=\"cy.tif\"" );; line 29139 (wfb::location cyprus "Middle East, island in the Mediterreanean Sea, south of Turkey" );; line 29143 (wfb::map_references cyprus "Middle East" );; line 29147 (wfb::comment area cyprus total_area "note - 3,355 sq km are in the Turkish area" );; line 29152 (wfb::area cyprus total_area (* 9250 sq_km) );; line 29152 (wfb::area cyprus land_area (* 9240 sq_km) );; line 29154 (wfb::area cyprus comparative_area "about 0.7 times the size of Connecticut" );; line 29156 (wfb::coastline cyprus (* 648 km) );; line 29164 (wfb::maritime_claims cyprus territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 29171 (wfb::international_disputes cyprus "1974 hostilities divided the island into two de facto autonomous areas, a Greek area controlled by the Cypriot Government (59% of the island's land area) and a Turkish-Cypriot area (37% of the island), that are separated by a UN buffer zone (4% of the island)" );; line 29175 (wfb::international_disputes cyprus "there are two UK sovereign base areas within the Greek Cypriot portion of the island" );; line 29175 (wfb::climate cyprus "temperate, Mediterranean with hot, dry summers and cool, wet winters" );; line 29183 (wfb::terrain cyprus "central plain with mountains to north and south" );; line 29188 (wfb::terrain cyprus "scattered but significant plains along southern coast" );; line 29188 (wfb::natural-resource cyprus copper );; line 29193 (wfb::natural-resource cyprus pyrites );; line 29193 (wfb::natural-resource cyprus asbestos );; line 29193 (wfb::natural-resource cyprus gypsum );; line 29193 (wfb::natural-resource cyprus timber );; line 29193 (wfb::natural-resource cyprus salt );; line 29193 (wfb::natural-resource cyprus marble );; line 29193 (wfb::natural-resource cyprus clay_earth_pigment );; line 29193 (wfb::land_use cyprus arable_land (* 40 %) );; line 29199 (wfb::land_use cyprus permanent_crops (* 7 %) );; line 29201 (wfb::land_use cyprus meadows_and_pastures (* 10 %) );; line 29203 (wfb::land_use cyprus forest_and_woodland (* 18 %) );; line 29205 (wfb::land_use cyprus other (* 25 %) );; line 29207 (wfb::measurement-date irrigated_land cyprus date_1989 );; line 29211 (wfb::irrigated_land cyprus (* 350 sq_km) );; line 29211 (wfb::environment cyprus current_issues "water resource problems (no natural reservoir catchments, seasonal disparity in rainfall, and most potable resources concentrated in the Turkish Cypriot area)" );; line 29216 (wfb::environment cyprus current_issues "water pollution from sewage and industrial wastes" );; line 29216 (wfb::environment cyprus current_issues "coastal degradation" );; line 29216 (wfb::environment cyprus current_issues "loss of wildlife habitats from urbanization" );; line 29216 (wfb::environment cyprus natural_hazards "moderate earthquake activity" );; line 29221 (wfb::environment cyprus international_agreements "party to - Air Pollution, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution" );; line 29223 (wfb::environment cyprus international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Climate Change" );; line 29223 (wfb::age_structure cyprus 0-14_years (* 26 %) );; line 29242 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex cyprus 0-14_years female 92179 );; line 29242 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex cyprus 0-14_years male 97723 );; line 29242 (wfb::age_structure cyprus 15-64_years (* 64 %) );; line 29244 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex cyprus 15-64_years female 234929 );; line 29244 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex cyprus 15-64_years male 236693 );; line 29244 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure cyprus 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 29246 (wfb::age_structure cyprus 65_years_and_over (* 10 %) );; line 29246 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex cyprus 65_years_and_over female 42190 );; line 29246 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex cyprus 65_years_and_over male 32922 );; line 29246 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate cyprus date_1995 );; line 29250 (wfb::population_growth_rate cyprus (* 0.88 %) );; line 29250 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate cyprus date_1995 );; line 29254 (wfb::birth_rate cyprus (* 16.27 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 29254 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate cyprus date_1995 );; line 29258 (wfb::death_rate cyprus (* 7.48 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 29258 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate cyprus date_1995 );; line 29262 (wfb::net_migration_rate cyprus (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 29262 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate cyprus date_1995 );; line 29266 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate cyprus (* 8.6 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 29266 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth cyprus total_population (* 76.47 years) );; line 29271 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth cyprus male (* 74.19 years) );; line 29273 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth cyprus female date_1995 );; line 29275 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth cyprus female (* 78.85 years) );; line 29275 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate cyprus date_1995 );; line 29279 (wfb::total_fertility_rate cyprus (* 2.3 children_born/woman) );; line 29279 (wfb::nationality cyprus noun "Cypriot(s)" );; line 29284 (wfb::nationality cyprus adjective "Cypriot" );; line 29286 (wfb::comment ethnic_divisions cyprus total "99.2% of the other ethnic groups live in the Greek area; 0.8% of the other ethnic groups live in the Turkish area" );; line 29291 (wfb::comment ethnic-entity cyprus "99.5% of the Greeks live in the Greek area; 0.5% of the Greeks live in the Turkish area" );; line 29291 (wfb::comment ethnic-entity cyprus "1.3% of the Turks live in the Greek area; 98.7% of the Turks live in the Turkish area" );; line 29291 (wfb::religion cyprus greek_orthodox (* 78 %) );; line 29299 (wfb::religion cyprus muslim (* 18 %) );; line 29299 (wfb::language cyprus greek n/a );; line 29304 (wfb::language cyprus turkish n/a );; line 29304 (wfb::language cyprus english n/a );; line 29304 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition cyprus date_1987 );; line 29308 (wfb::literacy-condition cyprus "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 29308 (wfb::literacy cyprus total_population (* 94 %) );; line 29310 (wfb::literacy cyprus male (* 98 %) );; line 29312 (wfb::literacy cyprus female (* 91 %) );; line 29314 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force cyprus by_occupation date_1992 );; line 29321 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1992 );; line 29321 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation cyprus services (* 57 %) );; line 29321 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation cyprus industry (* 29 %) );; line 29321 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation cyprus agriculture (* 14 %) );; line 29321 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force cyprus by_occupation date_1992 );; line 29325 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1992 );; line 29325 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation cyprus services (* 52 %) );; line 29325 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation cyprus industry (* 23 %) );; line 29325 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation cyprus agriculture (* 25 %) );; line 29325 (wfb::names cyprus conventional_long_form "Republic of Cyprus" );; line 29331 (wfb::names cyprus conventional_short_form "Cyprus" );; line 29333 (wfb::comment names cyprus "the Turkish area refers to itself as the \"Turkish Republic\" or the \"Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus\"" );; line 29335 (wfb::digraph cyprus "CY" );; line 29345 (wfb::type cyprus "republic" );; line 29349 (wfb::comment type cyprus "a disaggregation of the two ethnic communities inhabiting the island began after the outbreak of communal strife in 1963; this separation was further solidified following the Turkish invasion of the island in July 1974, which gave the Turkish Cypriots de facto control in the north; Greek Cypriots control the only internationally recognized government; on 15 November 1983 Turkish Cypriot President Rauf DENKTASH declared independence and the formation of a \"Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus\" (TRNC), which has been recognized only by Turkey; both sides publicly call for the resolution of intercommunal differences and creation of a new federal system of government" );; line 29351 (wfb::capital cyprus nicosia-cyprus );; line 29363 (wfb::comment capital cyprus "the Turkish area's capital is Lefkosa (Nicosia)" );; line 29365 (wfb::independence cyprus date_16_aug_1960 "UK" );; line 29375 (wfb::comment independence cyprus "Turkish area proclaimed self-rule on NA February 1975 from Republic of Cyprus" );; line 29377 (wfb::national_holiday cyprus "Independence Day" date_1_oct );; line 29382 (wfb::comment national_holiday cyprus "Turkish area celebrates 15 November as Independence Day" );; line 29384 (wfb::constitution cyprus "16 August 1960; negotiations to create the basis for a new or revised constitution to govern the island and to better relations between Greek and Turkish Cypriots have been held intermittently; in 1975 Turkish Cypriots created their own Constitution and governing bodies within the \"Turkish Federated State of Cyprus,\" which was renamed the \"Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus\" in 1983; a new Constitution for the Turkish area passed by referendum on 5 May 1985" );; line 29388 (wfb::legal_system cyprus "based on common law, with civil law modifications" );; line 29398 (wfb::comment suffrage cyprus " universal" );; line 29402 (wfb::suffrage cyprus (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 29402 (wfb::comment executive_branch cyprus chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "election last held 14 February 1993 (next to be held February 1998)" );; line 29407 (wfb::comment executive_branch cyprus chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "results - Glafkos CLERIDES 50.3%, George VASSILIOU 49.7%" );; line 29407 (wfb::executive_branch cyprus chief_of_state "President Glafcos CLERIDES " date_28_feb_1993 );; line 29407 (wfb::executive_branch cyprus head_of_government "President Glafcos CLERIDES " date_28_feb_1993 );; line 29407 (wfb::comment executive_branch cyprus cabinet "appointed jointly by the president and vice-president" );; line 29411 (wfb::executive_branch cyprus cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 29411 (wfb::comment executive_branch cyprus "Rauf R. DENKTASH has been president of the Turkish area since 13 February 1975; Hakki ATUN has been prime minister of the Turkish area since 1 January 1994; there is a Council of Ministers (cabinet) in the Turkish area; elections last held 15 and 22 April 1995 (next to be held April 2000); results - Rauf R. DENKTASH 62.5%, Dervis EROGLU 37.5%" );; line 29414 (wfb::legislative_structure cyprus unicameral n/a );; line 29422 (wfb::legislative_branch cyprus "Greek area: House of Representatives (Vouli Antiprosopon)" "elections last held 19 May 1991 (next to be held NA); results - DISY 35.8%, AKEL (Communist) 30.6%, DIKO 19.5%, EDEK 10.9%; others 3.2%; seats - (56 total) DISY 20, AKEL (Communist) 18, DIKO 11, EDEK 7" );; line 29424 (wfb::legislative_branch cyprus "Turkish area: Assembly of the Republic (Cumhuriyet Meclisi)" "elections last held 12 December 1993 (next to be held NA); results - UBP 29.9%, DP 29.2%, CTP 24.2% TKP 13.3%, others 3.4%; seats - (50 total) UBP (conservative) 15, DP 16, CTP 13, TKP 5, UDP 1" );; line 29428 (wfb::judicial_branch cyprus "Supreme Court; note - there is also a Supreme Court in the Turkish area" );; line 29434 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders cyprus greek_area "Progressive Party of the Working People (AKEL, Communist Party), Dimitrios CHRISTOFIAS; Democratic Rally (DISY), John MATSIS; Democratic Party (DIKO), Spyros KYPRIANOU; United Democratic Union of the Center (EDEK), Vassos LYSSARIDIS; Socialist Democratic Renewal Movement (ADISOK), Mikhalis PAPAPETROU; Liberal Party, Nikos ROLANDIS; Free Democrats, George VASSILIOU" );; line 29440 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders cyprus turkish_area "National Unity Party (UBP), Dervis EROGLU; Communal Liberation Party (TKP), Mustafa AKINCI; Republican Turkish Party (CTP), Ozker OZGUR; New Cyprus Party (YKP), Alpay DURDURAN; Free Democratic Party (HDP), Ismet KOTAK; National Justice Party (MAP), Zorlu TORE; Unity and Sovereignty Party (BEP), Arif Salih KIRDAG; Democratic Party (DP), Hakki ATUN; Fatherland Party (VP), Orhan UCOK; National Birth Party (UDP); the HDP, MAP, and VP merged under the label National Struggle Unity Party (MMBP) to compete in the 12 December 1993 legislative election" );; line 29446 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups cyprus "United Democratic Youth Organization (EDON, Communist controlled); Union of Cyprus Farmers (EKA, Communist controlled); Cyprus Farmers Union (PEK, pro-West); Pan-Cyprian Labor Federation (PEO, Communist controlled); Confederation of Cypriot Workers (SEK, pro-West); Federation of Turkish Cypriot Labor Unions (Turk-Sen); Confederation of Revolutionary Labor Unions (Dev-Is)" );; line 29457 (wfb::member_of cyprus c );; line 29465 (wfb::member_of cyprus ccc );; line 29465 (wfb::member_of cyprus ce );; line 29465 (wfb::member_of cyprus ebrd );; line 29465 (wfb::member_of cyprus ece );; line 29465 (wfb::member_of cyprus fao );; line 29465 (wfb::member_of cyprus g-77 );; line 29465 (wfb::member_of cyprus gatt );; line 29465 (wfb::member_of cyprus iaea );; line 29465 (wfb::member_of cyprus ibrd );; line 29465 (wfb::member_of cyprus icao );; line 29465 (wfb::member_of cyprus icc );; line 29465 (wfb::member_of cyprus icftu );; line 29465 (wfb::member_of cyprus ida );; line 29465 (wfb::member_of cyprus ifad );; line 29465 (wfb::member_of cyprus ifc );; line 29465 (wfb::member_of cyprus ifrcs );; line 29465 (wfb::comment member_of cyprus ifrcs "associate" );; line 29465 (wfb::member_of cyprus ilo );; line 29465 (wfb::member_of cyprus imf );; line 29465 (wfb::member_of cyprus imo );; line 29465 (wfb::member_of cyprus inmarsat );; line 29465 (wfb::member_of cyprus intelsat );; line 29465 (wfb::member_of cyprus interpol );; line 29465 (wfb::member_of cyprus ioc );; line 29465 (wfb::member_of cyprus iom );; line 29465 (wfb::member_of cyprus iso );; line 29465 (wfb::member_of cyprus itu );; line 29465 (wfb::member_of cyprus nam );; line 29465 (wfb::member_of cyprus oas );; line 29465 (wfb::comment member_of cyprus oas "observer" );; line 29465 (wfb::member_of cyprus osce );; line 29465 (wfb::member_of cyprus pca );; line 29465 (wfb::member_of cyprus un );; line 29465 (wfb::member_of cyprus unctad );; line 29465 (wfb::member_of cyprus unesco );; line 29465 (wfb::member_of cyprus unido );; line 29465 (wfb::member_of cyprus upu );; line 29465 (wfb::member_of cyprus wcl );; line 29465 (wfb::member_of cyprus wftu );; line 29465 (wfb::member_of cyprus who );; line 29465 (wfb::member_of cyprus wipo );; line 29465 (wfb::member_of cyprus wmo );; line 29465 (wfb::member_of cyprus wto );; line 29465 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us cyprus chief_of_mission "Ambassador Andreas J. JACOVIDES" );; line 29473 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us cyprus chancery "2211 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 29475 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us cyprus telephone "[1] (202) 462-5772" );; line 29477 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us cyprus |consulate(s) general| "New York" );; line 29479 (wfb::comment diplomatic_representation_in_us cyprus "Representative of the Turkish area in the US is Namik KORMAN, office at 1667 K Street NW, Washington, DC, telephone [1] (202) 887-6198" );; line 29481 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation cyprus chief_of_mission "Ambassador Richard A. BOUCHER" );; line 29487 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation cyprus embassy "corner of Metochiou and Ploutarchou Streets, Engomi, Nicosia" );; line 29489 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation cyprus mailing_address "P. O. Box 4536 APO AE 09836" );; line 29491 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation cyprus telephone "[357] (2) 476100" );; line 29493 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation cyprus fax "[357] (2) 465944" );; line 29495 (wfb::flag cyprus "white with a copper-colored silhouette of the island (the name Cyprus is derived from the Greek word for copper) above two green crossed olive branches in the center of the flag; the branches symbolize the hope for peace and reconciliation between the Greek and Turkish communities" );; line 29499 (wfb::comment flag cyprus "the Turkish Cypriot flag has a horizontal red stripe at the top and bottom between which is a red crescent and red star on a white field" );; line 29504 (wfb::overview cyprus "The Greek Cypriot economy is small, diversified, and prosperous. Industry contributes 14% to GDP and employs 29% of the labor force, while the service sector contributes 53% to GDP and employs 57% of the labor force. An average 6.8% rise in real GDP between 1986 and 1990 was temporarily checked in 1991, because of the adverse effects of the Gulf war on tourism. After surging 8.5% in 1992, growth slowed to 2.0% in 1993 - its lowest level in two decades - because of the decline in tourist arrivals associated with the recession in Western Europe, Cyprus' main trading partner, and the loss in export competitiveness due to a sharp rise in unit labor costs. Real GDP is likely to have picked up in 1994, and inflation is estimated to have risen to between 5% and 6%. The Turkish Cypriot economy has less than one-third the per capita GDP of the south. Because it is recognized only by Turkey, it has had much difficulty arranging foreign financing, and foreign firms have hesitated to invest there. The economy remains heavily dependent on agriculture, which employs one-quarter of the work force. Moreover, because the Turkish lira is legal tender, the Turkish Cypriot economy has suffered the same high inflation as mainland Turkey. The small, vulnerable economy is estimated to have experienced a sharp drop in growth during 1994 because of the severe economic crisis affecting the mainland. To compensate for the economy's weakness, Turkey provides direct and indirect aid to nearly every sector; financial support has risen in value to about one-third of Turkish Cypriot GDP." );; line 29510 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| cyprus greek_area "4.8% (1993)" );; line 29556 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| cyprus turkish_area "63.4% (1992)" );; line 29558 (wfb::budget cyprus capital_expenditures (* 400e6 $) );; line 29573 (wfb::estimation-date budget cyprus date_1995 );; line 29575 (wfb::budget cyprus capital_expenditures (* 80e6 $) );; line 29575 (wfb::exports cyprus (* 868e6 $) );; line 29580 (wfb::exports cyprus commodities citrus n/a );; line 29582 (wfb::exports cyprus commodities potatoes n/a );; line 29582 (wfb::exports cyprus commodities grapes n/a );; line 29582 (wfb::exports cyprus commodities wine n/a );; line 29582 (wfb::exports cyprus commodities cement-commodity n/a );; line 29582 (wfb::exports cyprus commodities clothing_and_shoes n/a );; line 29582 (wfb::exports cyprus partners uk (* 18 %) );; line 29584 (wfb::exports cyprus partners greece (* 9 %) );; line 29584 (wfb::exports cyprus partners lebanon (* 14 %) );; line 29584 (wfb::exports cyprus partners germany (* 6 %) );; line 29584 (wfb::imports cyprus (* 2.6e9 $) );; line 29588 (wfb::imports cyprus commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 29590 (wfb::imports cyprus commodities petroleum_and_lubricants n/a );; line 29590 (wfb::imports cyprus commodities food_and_feed_grains n/a );; line 29590 (wfb::imports cyprus commodities machinery n/a );; line 29590 (wfb::imports cyprus partners uk (* 13 %) );; line 29593 (wfb::imports cyprus partners japan (* 9 %) );; line 29593 (wfb::imports cyprus partners italy (* 10 %) );; line 29593 (wfb::imports cyprus partners germany (* 8 %) );; line 29593 (wfb::imports cyprus partners us (* 8 %) );; line 29593 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt cyprus date_1993 );; line 29597 (wfb::external_debt cyprus (* 2.4e9 $) );; line 29597 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 29601 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production cyprus date_1993 );; line 29601 (wfb::industrial_production cyprus growth_rate (* 0.1 %) );; line 29601 (wfb::industrial_production cyprus accounts_for (* 14 %_of_gdp) );; line 29601 (wfb::electricity cyprus capacity (* 550000 kw) );; line 29606 (wfb::electricity cyprus production (* 2.3e9 kwh) );; line 29608 (wfb::measurement-date electricity cyprus consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 29610 (wfb::electricity cyprus consumption_per_capita (* 2903 kwh) );; line 29610 (wfb::industry cyprus food-industry );; line 29614 (wfb::industry cyprus beverages-industry );; line 29614 (wfb::industry cyprus textiles );; line 29614 (wfb::industry cyprus chemicals );; line 29614 (wfb::industry cyprus metal_products );; line 29614 (wfb::industry cyprus tourism );; line 29614 (wfb::industry cyprus wood_products );; line 29614 (wfb::agriculture cyprus "contributes 6% to GDP and employs 25% of labor force in the south; major crops - potatoes, vegetables, barley, grapes, olives, citrus fruits; vegetables and fruit provide 25% of export revenues" );; line 29619 (wfb::illicit_drugs cyprus "transit point for heroin via air routes and container traffic to Europe, especially from Lebanon and Turkey" );; line 29625 (wfb::economic_aid cyprus recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $292 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $250 million; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $62 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $24 million" );; line 29631 (wfb::abbreviation cypriot_pound "#C" );; line 29638 (wfb::currency cyprus cypriot_pound 100 |cents; 1 Turkish lira (TL) = 100 kurus| );; line 29638 (wfb::exchange_rates cyprus "Cypriot pounds per $US1 - 0.4725 (January 1995), 0.4915 (1994), 0.4970 (1993), 0.4502 (1992), 0.4615 (1991), 0.4572 (1990); Turkish liras (TL) per US$1 - 37,444.1 (December 1994), 29,608.7 (1994), 10,984.6 (1993), 6,872.4 (1992), 4,171.8 (1991), 2,608.6 (1990)" );; line 29642 (wfb::fiscal_year cyprus date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 29649 (wfb::railroads cyprus "0 km" );; line 29654 (wfb::highways cyprus total (* 10448 km) );; line 29661 (wfb::highways cyprus paved (* 5694 km) );; line 29663 (wfb::measurement-date highways cyprus date_1992 );; line 29665 (wfb::highways cyprus (union gravel crushed_stone earth ) (* 4754 km) );; line 29665 (wfb::highways cyprus total (* 6116 km) );; line 29669 (wfb::highways cyprus paved (* 5278 km) );; line 29671 (wfb::highways cyprus unpaved (* 838 km) );; line 29673 (wfb::port cyprus famagusta-cyprus );; line 29677 (wfb::port cyprus kyrenia-cyprus );; line 29677 (wfb::port cyprus larnaca-cyprus );; line 29677 (wfb::port cyprus limassol-cyprus );; line 29677 (wfb::port cyprus vasilikos_bay-cyprus );; line 29677 (wfb::merchant_marine cyprus total "1,446 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 22,911,818 GRT/39,549,216 DWT" );; line 29682 (wfb::merchant_marine cyprus ships_by_type "bulk 473, cargo 530, chemical tanker 28, combination bulk 55, combination ore/oil 24, container 92, liquefied gas tanker 3, multifunction large-load carrier 5, oil tanker 120, passenger 5, passenger-cargo 1, railcar carrier 1, refrigerated cargo 58, roll-on/roll-off cargo 33, short-sea passenger 14, specialized tanker 2, vehicle carrier 2" );; line 29685 (wfb::comment merchant_marine cyprus "a flag of convenience registry; includes 48 countries among which are ships of Greece 705, Germany 174, Russia 56, Netherlands 45, Japan 27, Belgium 25, UK 21, Spain 17, Switzerland 14, Hong Kong 13" );; line 29691 (wfb::airports cyprus total 15 );; line 29698 (wfb::airports cyprus |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 7 );; line 29700 (wfb::airports cyprus |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 3 );; line 29702 (wfb::airports cyprus with_paved_runways_under_914_m 4 );; line 29704 (wfb::airports cyprus |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 29706 (wfb::telephone_system cyprus "210,000 telephones; excellent in both the area controlled by the Cypriot Government (Greek area), and in the Turkish-Cypriot administered area; largely open-wire and microwave radio relay" );; line 29711 (wfb::telephone_system cyprus local "NA" );; line 29715 (wfb::telephone_system cyprus intercity "microwave radio relay" );; line 29717 (wfb::telephone_system cyprus international "international service by tropospheric scatter, 3 submarine cables, and 2 INTELSAT (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) and 1 EUTELSAT earth station" );; line 29719 (wfb::radio cyprus broadcast_stations am 11 );; line 29728 (wfb::radio cyprus broadcast_stations fm 8 );; line 29728 (wfb::radio cyprus broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 29728 (wfb::radio cyprus radios n/a );; line 29730 (wfb::radio cyprus broadcast_stations am 2 );; line 29734 (wfb::radio cyprus broadcast_stations fm 6 );; line 29734 (wfb::radio cyprus broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 29734 (wfb::radio cyprus radios n/a );; line 29736 (wfb::television cyprus greek_sector n/a );; line 29741 (wfb::comment television cyprus broadcast_stations "repeaters 34" );; line 29743 (wfb::television cyprus broadcast_stations 1 );; line 29743 (wfb::television cyprus televisions n/a );; line 29745 (wfb::television cyprus turkish_sector n/a );; line 29747 (wfb::television cyprus broadcast_stations 1 );; line 29749 (wfb::television cyprus televisions n/a );; line 29751 (wfb::manpower_availability cyprus "males age 15-49 188,231; males fit for military service 129,397; males reach military age (18) annually 5,467 (1995 est.)" );; line 29765 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures cyprus date_1995 );; line 29770 (wfb::defense_expenditures cyprus (* 457e6 $) );; line 29770 (wfb::defense_expenditures cyprus (* 5.6 %_of_gdp) );; line 29770 (wfb::markup-parameter figure czech_republic "graphno=\"ez.tif\"" );; line 29776 (wfb::location czech_republic "Central Europe, southeast of Germany" );; line 29780 (wfb::map_references czech_republic "Ethnic Groups in Eastern Europe, Europe" );; line 29784 (wfb::area czech_republic total_area (* 78703 sq_km) );; line 29789 (wfb::area czech_republic land_area (* 78645 sq_km) );; line 29791 (wfb::area czech_republic comparative_area "slightly smaller than South Carolina" );; line 29793 (wfb::borders czech_republic total (* 1880 km) );; line 29797 (wfb::borders czech_republic austria (* 362 km) );; line 29797 (wfb::borders czech_republic germany (* 646 km) );; line 29797 (wfb::borders czech_republic poland (* 658 km) );; line 29797 (wfb::borders czech_republic slovakia (* 214 km) );; line 29797 (wfb::comment coastline czech_republic "landlocked" );; line 29802 (wfb::coastline czech_republic (* 0 km) );; line 29802 (wfb::maritime_claims czech_republic "none; landlocked" );; line 29806 (wfb::international_disputes czech_republic "Liechtenstein claims restitution for l,600 square kilometers of Czech territory confiscated from its royal family in 1918" );; line 29810 (wfb::international_disputes czech_republic "Sudeten German claims for restitution of property confiscated in connection with their expulsion after World War II versus the Czech Republic claims that restitution does not preceed before February 1948 when the Communists seized power" );; line 29810 (wfb::international_disputes czech_republic "unresolved property issues with Slovakia over redistribution of property of the former Czechoslovak federal government" );; line 29810 (wfb::climate czech_republic "temperate" );; line 29820 (wfb::climate czech_republic "cool summers" );; line 29820 (wfb::climate czech_republic "cold, cloudy, humid winters" );; line 29820 (wfb::terrain czech_republic "two main regions: Bohemia in the west, consisting of rolling plains, hills, and plateaus surrounded by low mountains" );; line 29824 (wfb::terrain czech_republic "Moravia in the east, consisting of very hilly country" );; line 29824 (wfb::natural-resource czech_republic hard_coal );; line 29830 (wfb::natural-resource czech_republic soft_coal );; line 29830 (wfb::natural-resource czech_republic kaolin );; line 29830 (wfb::natural-resource czech_republic clay );; line 29830 (wfb::natural-resource czech_republic graphite );; line 29830 (wfb::land_use czech_republic arable_land (* n/a %) );; line 29835 (wfb::land_use czech_republic permanent_crops (* n/a %) );; line 29837 (wfb::land_use czech_republic meadows_and_pastures (* n/a %) );; line 29839 (wfb::land_use czech_republic forest_and_woodland (* n/a %) );; line 29841 (wfb::land_use czech_republic other (* n/a %) );; line 29843 (wfb::irrigated_land czech_republic (* n/a sq_km) );; line 29847 (wfb::environment czech_republic current_issues "air and water pollution in areas of northwest Bohemia centered around Zeplica and in northern Moravia around Ostrava present health risks" );; line 29852 (wfb::environment czech_republic current_issues "acid rain damaging forests" );; line 29852 (wfb::environment czech_republic natural_hazards "NA" );; line 29856 (wfb::environment czech_republic international_agreements "party to - Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands" );; line 29858 (wfb::environment czech_republic international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Law of the Sea" );; line 29858 (wfb::note czech_republic "landlocked; strategically located astride some of oldest and most significant land routes in Europe; Moravian Gate is a traditional military corridor between the North European Plain and the Danube in central Europe" );; line 29866 (wfb::estimation-date population czech_republic date_jul_1995 );; line 29874 (wfb::population czech_republic 10432774 );; line 29874 (wfb::age_structure czech_republic 0-14_years (* 19 %) );; line 29879 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex czech_republic 0-14_years female 981918 );; line 29879 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex czech_republic 0-14_years male 1030003 );; line 29879 (wfb::age_structure czech_republic 15-64_years (* 68 %) );; line 29881 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex czech_republic 15-64_years female 3529411 );; line 29881 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex czech_republic 15-64_years male 3530112 );; line 29881 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure czech_republic 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 29883 (wfb::age_structure czech_republic 65_years_and_over (* 13 %) );; line 29883 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex czech_republic 65_years_and_over female 848599 );; line 29883 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex czech_republic 65_years_and_over male 512731 );; line 29883 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate czech_republic date_1995 );; line 29887 (wfb::population_growth_rate czech_republic (* 0.26 %) );; line 29887 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate czech_republic date_1995 );; line 29891 (wfb::birth_rate czech_republic (* 13.46 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 29891 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate czech_republic date_1995 );; line 29895 (wfb::death_rate czech_republic (* 10.85 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 29895 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate czech_republic date_1995 );; line 29899 (wfb::net_migration_rate czech_republic (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 29899 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate czech_republic date_1995 );; line 29903 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate czech_republic (* 8.9 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 29903 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth czech_republic total_population (* 73.54 years) );; line 29908 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth czech_republic male (* 69.87 years) );; line 29910 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth czech_republic female date_1995 );; line 29912 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth czech_republic female (* 77.41 years) );; line 29912 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate czech_republic date_1995 );; line 29916 (wfb::total_fertility_rate czech_republic (* 1.84 children_born/woman) );; line 29916 (wfb::nationality czech_republic noun "Czech(s)" );; line 29921 (wfb::nationality czech_republic adjective "Czech" );; line 29923 (wfb::comment nationality czech_republic "300,000 Slovaks declared themselves Czech citizens in 1994" );; line 29925 (wfb::ethnic-entity czech_republic czech (* 94.4 %) );; line 29929 (wfb::ethnic-entity czech_republic slovak (* 3 %) );; line 29929 (wfb::ethnic-entity czech_republic polish (* 0.6 %) );; line 29929 (wfb::ethnic-entity czech_republic german-ethnic-entity (* 0.5 %) );; line 29929 (wfb::ethnic-entity czech_republic gypsy (* 0.3 %) );; line 29929 (wfb::ethnic-entity czech_republic hungarian (* 0.2 %) );; line 29929 (wfb::religion czech_republic atheist (* 39.8 %) );; line 29934 (wfb::religion czech_republic roman_catholic (* 39.2 %) );; line 29934 (wfb::religion czech_republic protestant (* 4.6 %) );; line 29934 (wfb::religion czech_republic orthodox (* 3 %) );; line 29934 (wfb::language czech_republic czech-language-group n/a );; line 29939 (wfb::language czech_republic slovak-language-group n/a );; line 29939 (wfb::literacy-condition czech_republic "can read and write" );; line 29943 (wfb::literacy czech_republic total_population (* 99 %) );; line 29945 (wfb::total_labor_force czech_republic 5.389e6 );; line 29949 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force czech_republic by_occupation date_1990 );; line 29951 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1990 );; line 29951 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation czech_republic industry (* 37.9 %) );; line 29951 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation czech_republic agriculture (* 8.1 %) );; line 29951 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation czech_republic construction (* 8.8 %) );; line 29951 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation czech_republic communications_and_other (* 45.2 %) );; line 29951 (wfb::names czech_republic conventional_long_form "Czech Republic" );; line 29958 (wfb::names czech_republic conventional_short_form "Czech Republic" );; line 29960 (wfb::names czech_republic local_long_form "Ceska Republika" );; line 29962 (wfb::names czech_republic local_short_form "Cechy" );; line 29964 (wfb::digraph czech_republic "EZ" );; line 29968 (wfb::type czech_republic "parliamentary democracy" );; line 29972 (wfb::capital czech_republic prague-czech_republic );; line 29976 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_czech_republic_regions "regions" "kraje" "kraj" );; line 29980 (wfb::administrative_divisions czech_republic adm_div_czech_republic_regions 8 );; line 29980 (wfb::administrative_division_of czech_republic adm_div_czech_republic_regions "Jihocesky" );; line 29980 (wfb::administrative_division_of czech_republic adm_div_czech_republic_regions "Jihomoravsky" );; line 29980 (wfb::administrative_division_of czech_republic adm_div_czech_republic_regions "Praha" );; line 29980 (wfb::administrative_division_of czech_republic adm_div_czech_republic_regions "Severocesky" );; line 29980 (wfb::administrative_division_of czech_republic adm_div_czech_republic_regions "Severomoravsky" );; line 29980 (wfb::administrative_division_of czech_republic adm_div_czech_republic_regions "Stredocesky" );; line 29980 (wfb::administrative_division_of czech_republic adm_div_czech_republic_regions "Vychodocesky" );; line 29980 (wfb::administrative_division_of czech_republic adm_div_czech_republic_regions "Zapadocesky" );; line 29980 (wfb::independence czech_republic date_1_jan_1993 "Czechoslovakia" );; line 29985 (wfb::national_holiday czech_republic "National Liberation Day" date_9_may );; line 29989 (wfb::national_holiday czech_republic "Founding of the Republic" date_28_oct );; line 29989 (wfb::constitution czech_republic "ratified 16 December 1992; effective 1 January 1993" );; line 29994 (wfb::legal_system czech_republic "civil law system based on Austro-Hungarian codes; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction; legal code modified to bring it in line with Organization on Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) obligations and to expunge Marxist-Leninist legal theory" );; line 29998 (wfb::comment suffrage czech_republic " universal" );; line 30005 (wfb::suffrage czech_republic (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 30005 (wfb::comment executive_branch czech_republic chief_of_state "election last held 26 January 1993 (next to be held NA January 1998)" );; line 30010 (wfb::comment executive_branch czech_republic chief_of_state "results - Vaclav HAVEL elected by the National Council" );; line 30010 (wfb::executive_branch czech_republic chief_of_state "President Vaclav HAVEL " date_26_jan_1993 );; line 30010 (wfb::comment executive_branch czech_republic head_of_government "Deputy Prime Ministers Ivan KOCARNIK, Josef LUX, Jan KALVODA (since NA June 1992)" );; line 30014 (wfb::executive_branch czech_republic head_of_government "Prime Minister Vaclav KLAUS " date_jun_1992 );; line 30014 (wfb::comment executive_branch czech_republic cabinet "appointed by the president on recommendation of the prime minister" );; line 30017 (wfb::executive_branch czech_republic cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 30017 (wfb::legislative_structure czech_republic bicameral "National Council (Narodni rada)" );; line 30022 (wfb::legislative_branch czech_republic "Senate" "elections not yet held; seats (81 total)" );; line 30024 (wfb::legislative_branch czech_republic "Chamber of Deputies" "elections last held 5-6 June 1992 (next to be held NA 1996); results - percent of vote by party NA given breakup and realignment of all parliamentary opposition parties since 1992; seats - (200 total) governing coalition: ODS 65, KDS 10, ODA 16, KDU-CSL 15, opposition: CSSD 18, LB 25, KSCM 10, LSU 9, LSNS 5, CMSS 9, SPR-RSC 6, independents 12" );; line 30026 (wfb::judicial_branch czech_republic "Supreme Court, Constitutional Court" );; line 30034 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders czech_republic governing_coalition "Civic Democratic Party (ODS), Vaclav KLAUS, chairman; Christian Democratic Party (KDS), Ivan PILIP, chairman; Civic Democratic Alliance (ODA), Jan KALVODA, chairman; Christian Democratic Union/Czech People's Party (KDU-CSL), Josef LUX, chairman" );; line 30039 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders czech_republic opposition "Czech Social Democrats (CSSD - left opposition), Milos ZEMAN, chairman; Left Bloc (LB - left opposition), Marie STIBOROVA, chairman; Communist Party (KSCM - left opposition), Miroslav GREBENICEK, chairman; Liberal Social Union (LSU - left opposition), Frantisek TRNKA, chairman; Liberal National Social Party (LSNS - center party), Pavel HIRS, chairman; Bohemian-Moravian Center Party (CMSS - center party), Jan KYCER, chairman; Assembly for the Republic (SPR-RSC - right radical) , Miroslav SLADEK, chairman" );; line 30044 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups czech_republic "Czech-Moravian Chamber of Trade Unions; Civic Movement" );; line 30054 (wfb::member_of czech_republic australia_group );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic bis );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic ccc );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic ce );; line 30058 (wfb::comment member_of czech_republic ce "guest" );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic cei );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic cern );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic ebrd );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic ece );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic fao );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic gatt );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic iaea );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic ibrd );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic icao );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic icftu );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic icrm );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic ida );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic ifc );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic ifrcs );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic ilo );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic imf );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic imo );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic inmarsat );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic intelsat );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic interpol );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic ioc );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic iom );; line 30058 (wfb::comment member_of czech_republic iom "observer" );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic iso );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic itu );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic nacc );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic nsg );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic osce );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic pca );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic pfp );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic un );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic unctad );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic unesco );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic unido );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic unomil );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic unomoz );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic unprofor );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic upu );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic weu );; line 30058 (wfb::comment member_of czech_republic weu "associate partner" );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic wftu );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic who );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic wipo );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic wmo );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic wto );; line 30058 (wfb::member_of czech_republic zc );; line 30058 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us czech_republic chief_of_mission "Ambassador Michael ZANTOVSKY" );; line 30067 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us czech_republic chancery "3900 Spring of Freedom Street NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 30069 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us czech_republic telephone "[1] (202) 363-6315, 6316" );; line 30071 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us czech_republic fax "[1] (202) 966-8540" );; line 30073 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation czech_republic chief_of_mission "Ambassador Adrian A. BASORA" );; line 30078 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation czech_republic embassy "Trziste 15, 11801 Prague 1" );; line 30080 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation czech_republic mailing_address "Unit 1330; APO AE 09213-1330" );; line 30082 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation czech_republic telephone "[42] (2) 2451-0847" );; line 30084 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation czech_republic fax "[42] (2) 2451-1001" );; line 30086 (wfb::flag czech_republic "two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and red with a blue isosceles triangle based on the hoist side (almost identical to the flag of the former Czechoslovakia)" );; line 30090 (wfb::overview czech_republic "The government of the Czech Republic, using successful stabilization policies to bolster its claims to full membership in the western economic community, has reduced inflation to 10%, kept unemployment at 3%, balanced the budget, run trade surpluses, and reoriented exports to the EU since the breakup of the Czechoslovak federation on 1 January 1993. GDP grew 2% in 1994 after stagnating in 1993 and contracting nearly 20% since 1990. Prague's mass privatization program, including its innovative distribution of ownership shares to Czech citizens via 'coupon vouchers,' has made the most rapid progress in Eastern Europe. When coupon shares are distributed in early 1995, 75%-80% of the economy will be in private hands or partially privatized, according to the Czech government. Privatized companies still face major problems in restructuring; the number of annual bankruptcies quadrupled in 1994. In September 1994, Prague repaid $471 million in IMF loans five years ahead of schedule, making the Czech Republic the first East European country to pay off all IMF debts. Despite these outlays, hard-currency reserves in the banking system totaled more than $8.5 billion in October. Standard & Poor's boosted the Republic's credit rating to BBB+ in mid-1994 - up from a BBB rating that was already two steps higher than Hungary's and one step above Greece's rating. Prague forecasts a balanced budget, at least 3% GDP growth, 5% unemployment, and single-digit inflation for 1995. Inflationary pressures - primarily as a result of foreign bank lending to Czech enterprises but perhaps also due to eased currency convertibility controls - are likely to be the most troublesome issues in 1995. Continuing economic recovery in Western Europe should boost Czech exports and production but a substantial increase in prices could erode the Republic's comparative advantage in low wages and exchange rates. Prague already took steps in 1994 to increase control over banking policies to neutralize the impact of foreign inflows on the money supply. Although Czech unemployment is currently the lowest in Central Europe, it will probably increase 1-2 percentage points in 1995 as large state firms go bankrupt or are restructured and service sector growth slows." );; line 30097 (wfb::estimation-date national_product czech_republic date_1994 );; line 30130 (wfb::national_product czech_republic (* 76.5e9 $) );; line 30130 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate czech_republic date_1994 );; line 30134 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate czech_republic (* 2.2 %) );; line 30134 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita czech_republic date_1994 );; line 30138 (wfb::national_product_per_capita czech_republic (* 7350 $) );; line 30138 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| czech_republic "10.2% (1994 est.)" );; line 30142 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate czech_republic date_1994 );; line 30146 (wfb::unemployment_rate czech_republic (* 3.2 %) );; line 30146 (wfb::budget czech_republic revenues (* 14e9 $) );; line 30151 (wfb::estimation-date budget czech_republic date_1994 );; line 30153 (wfb::budget czech_republic expenditures (* 13.6e9 $) );; line 30153 (wfb::budget czech_republic capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 30153 (wfb::exports czech_republic (* 13.4e9 $) );; line 30157 (wfb::measurement-date exports czech_republic date_jan_1994 );; line 30159 (wfb::exports czech_republic commodities manufactured_goods n/a );; line 30159 (wfb::exports czech_republic commodities machinery_and_transport_equipment n/a );; line 30159 (wfb::exports czech_republic commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 30159 (wfb::exports czech_republic commodities fuels n/a );; line 30159 (wfb::exports czech_republic commodities minerals n/a );; line 30159 (wfb::exports czech_republic commodities metals n/a );; line 30159 (wfb::exports czech_republic commodities agricultural_products n/a );; line 30159 (wfb::measurement-date exports czech_republic date_jan_1994 );; line 30162 (wfb::exports czech_republic partners germany (* 28.7 %) );; line 30162 (wfb::exports czech_republic partners slovakia (* 15.5 %) );; line 30162 (wfb::exports czech_republic partners austria (* 7.9 %) );; line 30162 (wfb::exports czech_republic partners italy (* 6.4 %) );; line 30162 (wfb::exports czech_republic partners france (* 3.2 %) );; line 30162 (wfb::exports czech_republic partners russia (* 3.2 %) );; line 30162 (wfb::exports czech_republic partners poland (* 3.1 %) );; line 30162 (wfb::exports czech_republic partners uk (* 2.9 %) );; line 30162 (wfb::exports czech_republic partners netherlands (* 2.4 %) );; line 30162 (wfb::exports czech_republic partners hungary (* 2.2 %) );; line 30162 (wfb::exports czech_republic partners us (* 2.1 %) );; line 30162 (wfb::exports czech_republic partners belgium (* 1.3 %) );; line 30162 (wfb::imports czech_republic (* 13.3e9 $) );; line 30168 (wfb::measurement-date imports czech_republic date_jan_1994 );; line 30170 (wfb::imports czech_republic commodities machinery_and_transport_equipment n/a );; line 30170 (wfb::imports czech_republic commodities manufactured_goods n/a );; line 30170 (wfb::imports czech_republic commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 30170 (wfb::imports czech_republic commodities fuels_and_lubricants n/a );; line 30170 (wfb::imports czech_republic commodities raw_materials n/a );; line 30170 (wfb::imports czech_republic commodities agricultural_products n/a );; line 30170 (wfb::measurement-date imports czech_republic date_jan_1994 );; line 30174 (wfb::imports czech_republic partners germany (* 24.1 %) );; line 30174 (wfb::imports czech_republic partners slovakia (* 15.6 %) );; line 30174 (wfb::imports czech_republic partners russia (* 9.8 %) );; line 30174 (wfb::imports czech_republic partners austria (* 7.6 %) );; line 30174 (wfb::imports czech_republic partners italy (* 4.9 %) );; line 30174 (wfb::imports czech_republic partners france (* 3.6 %) );; line 30174 (wfb::imports czech_republic partners us (* 3.2 %) );; line 30174 (wfb::imports czech_republic partners netherlands (* 2.9 %) );; line 30174 (wfb::imports czech_republic partners uk (* 2.8 %) );; line 30174 (wfb::imports czech_republic partners poland (* 2.7 %) );; line 30174 (wfb::imports czech_republic partners switzerland (* 2.2 %) );; line 30174 (wfb::imports czech_republic partners belgium (* 2.0 %) );; line 30174 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt czech_republic date_oct_1994 );; line 30180 (wfb::external_debt czech_republic (* 8.7e9 $) );; line 30180 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_jan_1994 );; line 30184 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production czech_republic date_jan_1994 );; line 30184 (wfb::industrial_production czech_republic growth_rate (* 4.9 %) );; line 30184 (wfb::electricity czech_republic capacity (* 14.470000 kw) );; line 30189 (wfb::electricity czech_republic production (* 56.3e9 kwh) );; line 30191 (wfb::measurement-date electricity czech_republic consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 30193 (wfb::electricity czech_republic consumption_per_capita (* 4842 kwh) );; line 30193 (wfb::industry czech_republic fuels-industry );; line 30197 (wfb::industry czech_republic ferrous_metallurgy );; line 30197 (wfb::industry czech_republic machinery-industry );; line 30197 (wfb::industry czech_republic equipment );; line 30197 (wfb::industry czech_republic coal-industry );; line 30197 (wfb::industry czech_republic motor_vehicles );; line 30197 (wfb::industry czech_republic glass );; line 30197 (wfb::industry czech_republic armaments );; line 30197 (wfb::agriculture czech_republic "largely self-sufficient in food production; diversified crop and livestock production, including grains, potatoes, sugar beets, hops, fruit, hogs, cattle, and poultry; exporter of forest products" );; line 30202 (wfb::illicit_drugs czech_republic "transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin and Latin American cocaine to Western Europe" );; line 30208 (wfb::economic_aid czech_republic donor "1.4 million annually to IMF beginning in 1994" );; line 30214 (wfb::abbreviation koruna "Kc" );; line 30218 (wfb::currency czech_republic koruna 100 haleru );; line 30218 (wfb::exchange_rates czech_republic "koruny (Kcs) per US$1 - 27.762 (January 1995), 28.785 (1994), 29.153 (1993), 28.26 (1992), 29.53 (1991), 17.95 (1990)" );; line 30222 (wfb::comment exchange_rates czech_republic "values before 1993 reflect Czechoslovak exchange rates" );; line 30225 (wfb::fiscal_year czech_republic date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 30229 (wfb::railroads czech_republic total "9,434 km (include 1.520-m broad, 1.435-m standard, and several narrow gauges) (1988)" );; line 30235 (wfb::measurement-date highways czech_republic date_1988 );; line 30241 (wfb::inland_waterways czech_republic "NA km; the Elbe (Labe) is the principal river" );; line 30249 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 5400 km) );; line 30253 (wfb::port czech_republic decin-czech_republic );; line 30257 (wfb::port czech_republic prague-czech_republic );; line 30257 (wfb::port czech_republic usti_nad_labem-czech_republic );; line 30257 (wfb::merchant_marine czech_republic total "14 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 181,646 GRT/282,296 DWT" );; line 30262 (wfb::merchant_marine czech_republic ships_by_type "bulk 5, cargo 9" );; line 30264 (wfb::airports czech_republic total 116 );; line 30269 (wfb::airports czech_republic |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 2 );; line 30271 (wfb::airports czech_republic |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 9 );; line 30273 (wfb::airports czech_republic |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 13 );; line 30275 (wfb::airports czech_republic with_paved_runways_under_914_m 5 );; line 30277 (wfb::airports czech_republic |with unpaved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 30279 (wfb::airports czech_republic |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 3 );; line 30281 (wfb::airports czech_republic |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 10 );; line 30283 (wfb::airports czech_republic |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 32 );; line 30285 (wfb::airports czech_republic with_unpaved_runways_under_914_m 41 );; line 30287 (wfb::telephone_system czech_republic "NA telephones" );; line 30292 (wfb::telephone_system czech_republic local "NA" );; line 30294 (wfb::telephone_system czech_republic intercity "NA" );; line 30296 (wfb::telephone_system czech_republic international "NA" );; line 30298 (wfb::radio czech_republic radios n/a );; line 30305 (wfb::television czech_republic broadcast_stations n/a );; line 30310 (wfb::television czech_republic televisions n/a );; line 30312 (wfb::defense_branch czech_republic army_czech_republic );; line 30318 (wfb::defense_branch czech_republic air_and_air_defense_forces_czech_republic );; line 30318 (wfb::defense_branch czech_republic civil_defense_czech_republic );; line 30318 (wfb::defense_branch czech_republic railroad_units_czech_republic );; line 30318 (wfb::manpower_availability czech_republic "males age 15-49 2,753,301; males fit for military service 2,095,661; males reach military age (18) annually 91,177 (1995 est.)" );; line 30322 (wfb::markup-parameter figure denmark "graphno=\"da.tif\"" );; line 30336 (wfb::location denmark "Northern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea and the North Sea, on a peninsula north of Germany" );; line 30340 (wfb::map_references denmark "Europe" );; line 30345 (wfb::area denmark total_area (* 43070 sq_km) );; line 30350 (wfb::area denmark land_area (* 42370 sq_km) );; line 30352 (wfb::area denmark comparative_area "slightly more than twice the size of Massachusetts" );; line 30354 (wfb::comment area denmark "includes the island of Bornholm in the Baltic Sea and the rest of metropolitan Denmark, but excludes the Faroe Islands and Greenland" );; line 30356 (wfb::borders denmark total (* 68 km) );; line 30361 (wfb::borders denmark germany (* 68 km) );; line 30361 (wfb::coastline denmark (* 3379 km) );; line 30365 (wfb::maritime_claims denmark contiguous_zone (* 4 nm) );; line 30370 (wfb::maritime_claims denmark exclusive_fishing_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 30374 (wfb::maritime_claims denmark territorial_sea (* 3 nm) );; line 30376 (wfb::international_disputes denmark "Rockall continental shelf dispute involving Iceland, Ireland, and the UK (Ireland and the UK have signed a boundary agreement in the Rockall area)" );; line 30380 (wfb::climate denmark "temperate" );; line 30386 (wfb::climate denmark "humid" );; line 30386 (wfb::climate denmark "overcast" );; line 30386 (wfb::climate denmark "mild, windy winters and cool summers" );; line 30386 (wfb::terrain denmark "low and flat to gently rolling plains" );; line 30391 (wfb::natural-resource denmark petroleum );; line 30395 (wfb::natural-resource denmark natural_gas );; line 30395 (wfb::natural-resource denmark fish );; line 30395 (wfb::natural-resource denmark salt );; line 30395 (wfb::natural-resource denmark limestone );; line 30395 (wfb::land_use denmark arable_land (* 61 %) );; line 30400 (wfb::land_use denmark permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 30402 (wfb::land_use denmark meadows_and_pastures (* 6 %) );; line 30404 (wfb::land_use denmark forest_and_woodland (* 12 %) );; line 30406 (wfb::land_use denmark other (* 21 %) );; line 30408 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land denmark date_1989 );; line 30412 (wfb::irrigated_land denmark (* 4300 sq_km) );; line 30412 (wfb::environment denmark current_issues "air pollution, principally from vehicle emissions" );; line 30417 (wfb::environment denmark current_issues "nitrogen and phosphorus pollution of the North Sea" );; line 30417 (wfb::environment denmark current_issues "drinking and surface water becoming polluted from animal wastes" );; line 30417 (wfb::environment denmark natural_hazards "flooding is a threat in some areas of the country (e.g., parts of Jutland, along the southern coast of the island of Lolland) that are protected from the sea by a system of dikes" );; line 30421 (wfb::environment denmark international_agreements "party to - Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands, Whaling" );; line 30425 (wfb::environment denmark international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Desertification, Law of the Sea" );; line 30425 (wfb::note denmark "controls Danish Straits linking Baltic and North Seas; about one-quarter of the population lives in Copenhagen" );; line 30435 (wfb::estimation-date population denmark date_jul_1995 );; line 30442 (wfb::population denmark 5199437 );; line 30442 (wfb::age_structure denmark 0-14_years (* 17 %) );; line 30447 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex denmark 0-14_years female 430598 );; line 30447 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex denmark 0-14_years male 451993 );; line 30447 (wfb::age_structure denmark 15-64_years (* 68 %) );; line 30449 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex denmark 15-64_years female 1731531 );; line 30449 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex denmark 15-64_years male 1780083 );; line 30449 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure denmark 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 30451 (wfb::age_structure denmark 65_years_and_over (* 15 %) );; line 30451 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex denmark 65_years_and_over female 473537 );; line 30451 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex denmark 65_years_and_over male 331695 );; line 30451 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate denmark date_1995 );; line 30455 (wfb::population_growth_rate denmark (* 0.22 %) );; line 30455 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate denmark date_1995 );; line 30459 (wfb::birth_rate denmark (* 12.38 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 30459 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate denmark date_1995 );; line 30463 (wfb::death_rate denmark (* 11.14 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 30463 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate denmark date_1995 );; line 30467 (wfb::net_migration_rate denmark (* 0.96 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 30467 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate denmark date_1995 );; line 30471 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate denmark (* 6.8 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 30471 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth denmark total_population (* 76.11 years) );; line 30476 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth denmark male (* 73.23 years) );; line 30478 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth denmark female date_1995 );; line 30480 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth denmark female (* 79.16 years) );; line 30480 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate denmark date_1995 );; line 30484 (wfb::total_fertility_rate denmark (* 1.69 children_born/woman) );; line 30484 (wfb::nationality denmark noun "Dane(s)" );; line 30489 (wfb::nationality denmark adjective "Danish" );; line 30491 (wfb::ethnic-entity denmark scandinavian n/a );; line 30495 (wfb::ethnic-entity denmark eskimo n/a );; line 30495 (wfb::ethnic-entity denmark faroese n/a );; line 30495 (wfb::ethnic-entity denmark german-ethnic-entity n/a );; line 30495 (wfb::measurement-date religion date_1988 );; line 30499 (wfb::religion denmark evangelical_lutheran (* 91 %) );; line 30499 (wfb::language denmark danish n/a );; line 30504 (wfb::language denmark faroese-language-group n/a );; line 30504 (wfb::language denmark greenlandic n/a );; line 30504 (wfb::comment language denmark greenlandic "an Eskimo dialect" );; line 30504 (wfb::language denmark german n/a );; line 30504 (wfb::comment language denmark german "small minority" );; line 30504 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition denmark date_1980 );; line 30509 (wfb::literacy-condition denmark "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 30509 (wfb::literacy denmark total_population (* 99 %) );; line 30511 (wfb::total_labor_force denmark 2553900 );; line 30515 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force denmark by_occupation date_1991 );; line 30517 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1991 );; line 30517 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation denmark private_services (* 37.1 %) );; line 30517 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation denmark government_services (* 30.4 %) );; line 30517 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation denmark manufacturing_and_mining (* 20 %) );; line 30517 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation denmark construction (* 6.3 %) );; line 30517 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation denmark agriculture n/a );; line 30517 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation denmark forestry n/a );; line 30517 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation denmark fishing-occupation-type (* 5.6 %) );; line 30517 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation denmark electricity/gas/water (* 0.6 %) );; line 30517 (wfb::names denmark conventional_long_form "Kingdom of Denmark" );; line 30525 (wfb::names denmark conventional_short_form "Denmark" );; line 30527 (wfb::names denmark local_long_form "Kongeriget Danmark" );; line 30529 (wfb::names denmark local_short_form "Danmark" );; line 30531 (wfb::digraph denmark "DA" );; line 30535 (wfb::type denmark "constitutional monarchy" );; line 30539 (wfb::capital denmark copenhagen-denmark );; line 30543 (wfb::comment administrative_divisions denmark "see separate entries for the Faroe Islands and Greenland, which are part of the Danish realm and self-governing administrative divisions" );; line 30552 (wfb::comment independence denmark "became a constitutional monarchy" );; line 30557 (wfb::independence denmark date_1849 "n/a" );; line 30557 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1940 );; line 30561 (wfb::comment national_holiday denmark "1940" );; line 30561 (wfb::national_holiday denmark "Birthday of the Queen" date_16_apr );; line 30561 (wfb::constitution denmark "5 June 1953" );; line 30565 (wfb::legal_system denmark "civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations" );; line 30569 (wfb::comment suffrage denmark " universal" );; line 30574 (wfb::suffrage denmark (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 30574 (wfb::comment executive_branch denmark chief_of_state "Heir Apparent Crown Prince FREDERIK, elder son of the Queen (born 26 May 1968)" );; line 30579 (wfb::executive_branch denmark chief_of_state "Queen MARGRETHE II " date_jan_1972 );; line 30579 (wfb::executive_branch denmark head_of_government "Prime Minister Poul Nyrup RASMUSSEN " date_jan_1993 );; line 30582 (wfb::comment executive_branch denmark cabinet "appointed by the monarch" );; line 30584 (wfb::executive_branch denmark cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 30584 (wfb::legislative_structure denmark unicameral n/a );; line 30588 (wfb::legislative_branch denmark "Parliament (Folketing)" "elections last held 21 September 1994 (next to be held by December 1998); results - Social Democrats 34.6%, Liberals 23.3%, Conservatives 15.0%, Social People's Party 7.3%, Progress Party 6.4%, Radical Liberals 4.6%, Unity Party 3.1%, Center Democrats 2.8%, Christian People's Party 1.8%; seats - (179 total) Social Democrats 63, Liberals 44, Conservatives 28, Social People's Party 13, Progress Party 11, Radical Liberals 8, Unity Party 6, Center Democrats 5, independent 1" );; line 30590 (wfb::judicial_branch denmark "Supreme Court" );; line 30600 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders denmark "Social Democratic Party, Poul Nyrup RASMUSSEN; Conservative Party, Hans ENGELL; Liberal Party, Uffe ELLEMANN-JENSEN; Socialist People's Party, Holger K. NIELSEN; Progress Party, Group Chairman Kim BEHNKE and Policy Spokesman Jan Kopke CHRISTENSEN; Center Democratic Party, Mimi Stilling JAKOBSEN; Radical Liberal Party, Marianne JELVED; Christian People's Party, Jann SJURSEN; Common Course, Preben Moller HANSEN; Danish Workers' Party; Unity Party" );; line 30604 (wfb::member_of denmark afdb );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark ag );; line 30613 (wfb::comment member_of denmark ag "observer" );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark asdb );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark australia_group );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark bis );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark cbss );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark ccc );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark ce );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark cern );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark ebrd );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark ec-international-organization );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark ece );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark eib );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark esa );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark fao );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark g-_9 );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark gatt );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark iadb );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark iaea );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark ibrd );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark icao );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark icc );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark icftu );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark icrm );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark ida );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark iea );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark ifad );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark ifc );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark ifrcs );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark ilo );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark imf );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark imo );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark inmarsat );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark intelsat );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark interpol );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark ioc );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark iom );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark iso );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark itu );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark mtcr );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark nacc );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark nato );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark nc );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark nea );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark nib );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark nsg );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark oecd );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark osce );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark pca );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark un );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark unctad );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark unesco );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark unficyp );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark unhcr );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark unido );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark unikom );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark unmogip );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark unomig );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark unprofor );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark untso );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark upu );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark weu );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark wftu );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark who );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark wipo );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark wmo );; line 30613 (wfb::member_of denmark zc );; line 30613 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us denmark chief_of_mission "Ambassador Peter Pedersen DYVIG (Knud-Erik TYGESEN is Ambassador Elect for 1995)" );; line 30623 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us denmark chancery "3200 Whitehaven Street NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 30626 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us denmark telephone "[1] (202) 234-4300" );; line 30628 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us denmark fax "[1] (202) 328-1470" );; line 30630 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us denmark |consulate(s) general| "Chicago, Los Angeles, and New York" );; line 30632 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation denmark chief_of_mission "Ambassador Edward E. ELSON" );; line 30637 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation denmark embassy "Dag Hammarskjolds Alle 24, 2100 Copenhagen O" );; line 30639 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation denmark mailing_address "APO AE 09716" );; line 30641 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation denmark telephone "[45] (31) 42 31 44" );; line 30643 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation denmark fax "[45] (35) 43 02 23" );; line 30645 (wfb::flag denmark "red with a white cross that extends to the edges of the flag; the vertical part of the cross is shifted to the hoist side, and that design element of the DANNEBROG (Danish flag) was subsequently adopted by the other Nordic countries of Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden" );; line 30649 (wfb::overview denmark "This thoroughly modern economy features high-tech agriculture, up-to-date small-scale and corporate industry, extensive government welfare measures, comfortable living standards, and high dependence on foreign trade. Denmark is self-sufficient in food production. The new center-left coalition government will concentrate on reducing the persistent high unemployment rate and the budget deficit as well as following the previous government's policies of maintaining low inflation and a current account surplus. In the face of recent international market pressure on the Danish krone, the coalition has also vowed to maintain a stable currency. The coalition hopes to lower marginal income taxes while maintaining overall tax revenues; boost industrial competitiveness through labor market and tax reforms and increased research and development funds; and improve welfare services for the neediest while cutting paperwork and delays. Prime Minister RASMUSSEN's reforms will focus on adapting Denmark to the criteria for European integration by 1999; although Copenhagen has won from the European Union (EU) the right to opt out of the European Monetary Union (EMU) if a national referendum rejects it. Denmark is, in fact, one of the few EU countries likely to fit into the EMU on time. Denmark is weathering the current worldwide slump better than many West European countries. After posting 4.5% real GDP growth in 1994, Copenhagen is predicting a continued strong showing in 1995, with real GDP up by 3.2%. The government expects an upswing in business investment in 1995 to drive economic growth. Although unemployment is high, it remains stable compared to most European countries." );; line 30657 (wfb::estimation-date national_product denmark date_1994 );; line 30683 (wfb::national_product denmark (* 103e9 $) );; line 30683 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate denmark date_1994 );; line 30687 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate denmark (* 4.5 %) );; line 30687 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita denmark date_1994 );; line 30691 (wfb::national_product_per_capita denmark (* 19860 $) );; line 30691 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| denmark "2% (1994 est.)" );; line 30695 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate denmark date_1994 );; line 30699 (wfb::unemployment_rate denmark (* 12.3 %) );; line 30699 (wfb::budget denmark revenues (* 56.5e9 $) );; line 30704 (wfb::estimation-date budget denmark date_1994 );; line 30706 (wfb::budget denmark expenditures (* 64.4e9 $) );; line 30706 (wfb::budget denmark capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 30706 (wfb::exports denmark (* 42.9e9 $) );; line 30710 (wfb::exports denmark commodities meat_and_meat_products n/a );; line 30712 (wfb::exports denmark commodities dairy_products n/a );; line 30712 (wfb::exports denmark commodities transport_equipment n/a );; line 30712 (wfb::exports denmark commodities fish-commodity n/a );; line 30712 (wfb::exports denmark commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 30712 (wfb::exports denmark commodities industrial_machinery n/a );; line 30712 (wfb::measurement-date exports denmark date_1992 );; line 30715 (wfb::comment exports denmark "Germany 23.6%, UK 10.1%, France 5.7%" );; line 30715 (wfb::exports denmark partners ec (* 54.3 %) );; line 30715 (wfb::exports denmark partners sweden (* 10.5 %) );; line 30715 (wfb::exports denmark partners norway (* 5.8 %) );; line 30715 (wfb::exports denmark partners us (* 4.9 %) );; line 30715 (wfb::exports denmark partners japan (* 3.6 %) );; line 30715 (wfb::imports denmark (* 37.1e9 $) );; line 30720 (wfb::imports denmark commodities petroleum-commodity n/a );; line 30722 (wfb::imports denmark commodities machinery_and_equipment n/a );; line 30722 (wfb::imports denmark commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 30722 (wfb::imports denmark commodities grain_and_foodstuffs n/a );; line 30722 (wfb::imports denmark commodities textiles-commodity n/a );; line 30722 (wfb::imports denmark commodities paper-commodity n/a );; line 30722 (wfb::measurement-date imports denmark date_1992 );; line 30725 (wfb::comment imports denmark "Germany 23.1%, UK 8.2%, France 5.6%" );; line 30725 (wfb::imports denmark partners ec (* 53.4 %) );; line 30725 (wfb::imports denmark partners sweden (* 10.8 %) );; line 30725 (wfb::imports denmark partners norway (* 5.4 %) );; line 30725 (wfb::imports denmark partners us (* 5.7 %) );; line 30725 (wfb::imports denmark partners japan (* 4.1 %) );; line 30725 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt denmark date_1994 );; line 30730 (wfb::external_debt denmark (* 40.9e9 $) );; line 30730 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 30734 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production denmark date_1993 );; line 30734 (wfb::industrial_production denmark growth_rate (* -2.5 %) );; line 30734 (wfb::electricity denmark capacity (* 10030000 kw) );; line 30739 (wfb::electricity denmark production (* 32e9 kwh) );; line 30741 (wfb::measurement-date electricity denmark consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 30743 (wfb::electricity denmark consumption_per_capita (* 5835 kwh) );; line 30743 (wfb::industry denmark food_processing );; line 30747 (wfb::industry denmark machinery-industry );; line 30747 (wfb::industry denmark equipment );; line 30747 (wfb::industry denmark textiles );; line 30747 (wfb::industry denmark clothing );; line 30747 (wfb::industry denmark chemical_products-industry );; line 30747 (wfb::industry denmark electronics-industry );; line 30747 (wfb::industry denmark construction-industry );; line 30747 (wfb::industry denmark furniture );; line 30747 (wfb::industry denmark shipbuilding );; line 30747 (wfb::agriculture denmark "accounts for 4% of GDP; principal products - meat, dairy, grain, potatoes, rape, sugar beets, fish" );; line 30753 (wfb::economic_aid denmark donor "ODA and OOF commitments (1970-89), $5.9 billion" );; line 30759 (wfb::abbreviation danish_krone "DKr" );; line 30763 (wfb::currency denmark danish_krone 100 oere );; line 30763 (wfb::exchange_rates denmark "Danish kroner (DKr) per US$1 - 6.034 (January 1995), 6.361 (1994), 6.484 (1993), 6.036 (1992), 6.396 (1991), 6.189 (1990)" );; line 30767 (wfb::fiscal_year denmark date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 30772 (wfb::railroads denmark total "2,838 km (494 km privately owned and operated)" );; line 30778 (wfb::railroads denmark standard_gauge "2,838 km 1.435-m gauge (440 km electrified; 760 km double track) (1994)" );; line 30780 (wfb::highways denmark total (* 71042 km) );; line 30786 (wfb::comment highways denmark paved "696 km of expressways" );; line 30788 (wfb::highways denmark (union concrete asphalt stone_block ) (* 71042 km) );; line 30788 (wfb::inland_waterways denmark "417 km" );; line 30792 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 110 km) );; line 30796 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 578 km) );; line 30796 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 700 km) );; line 30796 (wfb::port denmark alborg-denmark );; line 30800 (wfb::port denmark arhus-denmark );; line 30800 (wfb::port denmark copenhagen-denmark );; line 30800 (wfb::port denmark esbjerg-denmark );; line 30800 (wfb::port denmark fredericia-denmark );; line 30800 (wfb::port denmark grenaa-denmark );; line 30800 (wfb::port denmark koge-denmark );; line 30800 (wfb::port denmark odense-denmark );; line 30800 (wfb::port denmark struer-denmark );; line 30800 (wfb::merchant_marine denmark total "345 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 5,005,470 GRT/6,974,750 DWT" );; line 30806 (wfb::merchant_marine denmark ships_by_type "bulk 17, cargo 109, chemical tanker 24, combination bulk 1, container 61, liquefied gas tanker 32, livestock carrier 4, oil tanker 32, railcar carrier 1, refrigerated cargo 18, roll-on/roll-off cargo 35, short-sea passenger 11" );; line 30809 (wfb::comment merchant_marine denmark "Denmark has created its own internal register, called the Danish International Ship register (DIS); DIS ships do not have to meet Danish manning regulations, and they amount to a flag of convenience within the Danish register" );; line 30814 (wfb::airports denmark total 118 );; line 30821 (wfb::airports denmark |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 2 );; line 30823 (wfb::airports denmark |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 7 );; line 30825 (wfb::airports denmark |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 3 );; line 30827 (wfb::airports denmark |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 13 );; line 30829 (wfb::airports denmark with_paved_runways_under_914_m 85 );; line 30831 (wfb::airports denmark |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 1 );; line 30833 (wfb::airports denmark |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 7 );; line 30835 (wfb::telephone_system denmark "4,509,000 telephones; excellent telephone and telegraph services; buried and submarine cables and microwave radio relay support trunk network" );; line 30840 (wfb::telephone_system denmark local "NA" );; line 30843 (wfb::telephone_system denmark intercity "microwave radio relay" );; line 30845 (wfb::telephone_system denmark international "19 submarine coaxial cables; 7 INTELSAT, EUTELSAT, and INMARSAT earth stations" );; line 30847 (wfb::radio denmark broadcast_stations am 3 );; line 30853 (wfb::radio denmark broadcast_stations fm 2 );; line 30853 (wfb::radio denmark broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 30853 (wfb::radio denmark radios n/a );; line 30855 (wfb::television denmark broadcast_stations 50 );; line 30860 (wfb::television denmark televisions n/a );; line 30862 (wfb::defense_branch denmark royal_danish_army_denmark );; line 30868 (wfb::defense_branch denmark royal_danish_navy_denmark );; line 30868 (wfb::defense_branch denmark royal_danish_air_force_denmark );; line 30868 (wfb::defense_branch denmark home_guard_denmark );; line 30868 (wfb::manpower_availability denmark "males age 15-49 1,347,774; males fit for military service 1,158,223; males reach military age (20) annually 36,191 (1995 est.)" );; line 30873 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures denmark date_1994 );; line 30878 (wfb::defense_expenditures denmark (* 2.7e9 $) );; line 30878 (wfb::defense_expenditures denmark (* 1.9 %_of_gdp) );; line 30878 (wfb::markup-parameter figure djibouti "graphno=\"dj.tif\"" );; line 30884 (wfb::location djibouti "Eastern Africa, bordering the Gulf of Aden and the Red Sea, between Eritrea and Somalia" );; line 30888 (wfb::map_references djibouti "Africa" );; line 30893 (wfb::area djibouti total_area (* 22000 sq_km) );; line 30898 (wfb::area djibouti land_area (* 21980 sq_km) );; line 30900 (wfb::area djibouti comparative_area "slightly larger than Massachusetts" );; line 30902 (wfb::borders djibouti total (* 508 km) );; line 30906 (wfb::borders djibouti eritrea (* 113 km) );; line 30906 (wfb::borders djibouti ethiopia (* 337 km) );; line 30906 (wfb::borders djibouti somalia (* 58 km) );; line 30906 (wfb::coastline djibouti (* 314 km) );; line 30910 (wfb::maritime_claims djibouti contiguous_zone (* 24 nm) );; line 30915 (wfb::maritime_claims djibouti exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 30917 (wfb::maritime_claims djibouti territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 30919 (wfb::international_disputes djibouti "none" );; line 30923 (wfb::climate djibouti "desert" );; line 30927 (wfb::climate djibouti "torrid, dry" );; line 30927 (wfb::terrain djibouti "coastal plain and plateau separated by central mountains" );; line 30931 (wfb::natural-resource djibouti geothermal_areas );; line 30935 (wfb::land_use djibouti arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 30940 (wfb::land_use djibouti permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 30942 (wfb::land_use djibouti meadows_and_pastures (* 9 %) );; line 30944 (wfb::land_use djibouti forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 30946 (wfb::land_use djibouti other (* 91 %) );; line 30948 (wfb::irrigated_land djibouti (* n/a sq_km) );; line 30952 (wfb::environment djibouti current_issues "inadequate supplies of potable water" );; line 30957 (wfb::environment djibouti current_issues "desertification" );; line 30957 (wfb::environment djibouti natural_hazards "earthquakes" );; line 30959 (wfb::environment djibouti natural_hazards "droughts" );; line 30959 (wfb::environment djibouti natural_hazards "occasional cyclonic disturbances from the Indian Ocean bring heavy rains and flash floods" );; line 30959 (wfb::environment djibouti international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Ship Pollution" );; line 30962 (wfb::environment djibouti international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Climate Change, Desertification" );; line 30962 (wfb::note djibouti "strategic location near world's busiest shipping lanes and close to Arabian oilfields; terminus of rail traffic into Ethiopia; a vast wasteland" );; line 30967 (wfb::estimation-date population djibouti date_jul_1995 );; line 30975 (wfb::population djibouti 421320 );; line 30975 (wfb::age_structure djibouti 0-14_years (* 43 %) );; line 30980 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex djibouti 0-14_years female 90070 );; line 30980 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex djibouti 0-14_years male 90631 );; line 30980 (wfb::age_structure djibouti 15-64_years (* 55 %) );; line 30982 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex djibouti 15-64_years female 108824 );; line 30982 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex djibouti 15-64_years male 121715 );; line 30982 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure djibouti 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 30984 (wfb::age_structure djibouti 65_years_and_over (* 2 %) );; line 30984 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex djibouti 65_years_and_over female 4900 );; line 30984 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex djibouti 65_years_and_over male 5180 );; line 30984 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate djibouti date_1995 );; line 30988 (wfb::population_growth_rate djibouti (* 1.48 %) );; line 30988 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate djibouti date_1995 );; line 30992 (wfb::birth_rate djibouti (* 42.79 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 30992 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate djibouti date_1995 );; line 30996 (wfb::death_rate djibouti (* 15.51 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 30996 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate djibouti date_1995 );; line 31000 (wfb::net_migration_rate djibouti (* -12.46 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 31000 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate djibouti date_1995 );; line 31004 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate djibouti (* 108.8 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 31004 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth djibouti total_population (* 49.7 years) );; line 31009 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth djibouti male (* 47.83 years) );; line 31011 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth djibouti female date_1995 );; line 31013 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth djibouti female (* 51.62 years) );; line 31013 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate djibouti date_1995 );; line 31017 (wfb::total_fertility_rate djibouti (* 6.15 children_born/woman) );; line 31017 (wfb::nationality djibouti noun "Djiboutian(s)" );; line 31022 (wfb::nationality djibouti adjective "Djiboutian" );; line 31024 (wfb::ethnic-entity djibouti somali (* 60 %) );; line 31028 (wfb::ethnic-entity djibouti afar (* 35 %) );; line 31028 (wfb::ethnic-entity djibouti union6 (* 5 %) );; line 31028 (wfb::religion djibouti muslim (* 94 %) );; line 31032 (wfb::religion djibouti christian (* 6 %) );; line 31032 (wfb::language djibouti french n/a );; line 31036 (wfb::comment language djibouti french "official" );; line 31036 (wfb::language djibouti arabic n/a );; line 31036 (wfb::comment language djibouti arabic "official" );; line 31036 (wfb::language djibouti somali-language-group n/a );; line 31036 (wfb::language djibouti afar-language-group n/a );; line 31036 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition djibouti date_1990 );; line 31040 (wfb::literacy-condition djibouti "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 31040 (wfb::literacy djibouti total_population (* 48 %) );; line 31042 (wfb::literacy djibouti male (* 63 %) );; line 31044 (wfb::literacy djibouti female (* 34 %) );; line 31046 (wfb::names djibouti conventional_long_form "Republic of Djibouti" );; line 31052 (wfb::names djibouti conventional_short_form "Djibouti" );; line 31054 (wfb::names djibouti former "French Territory of the Afars and Issas French Somaliland" );; line 31056 (wfb::digraph djibouti "DJ" );; line 31060 (wfb::type djibouti "republic" );; line 31064 (wfb::capital djibouti djibouti-djibouti );; line 31068 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_djibouti_districts "districts" "cercles" "cercle" );; line 31072 (wfb::administrative_divisions djibouti adm_div_djibouti_districts 5 );; line 31072 (wfb::administrative_division_of djibouti adm_div_djibouti_districts "'Ali Sabih" );; line 31072 (wfb::administrative_division_of djibouti adm_div_djibouti_districts "Dikhil" );; line 31072 (wfb::administrative_division_of djibouti adm_div_djibouti_districts "Djibouti" );; line 31072 (wfb::administrative_division_of djibouti adm_div_djibouti_districts "Obock" );; line 31072 (wfb::administrative_division_of djibouti adm_div_djibouti_districts "Tadjoura" );; line 31072 (wfb::independence djibouti date_27_jun_1977 "France" );; line 31077 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1977 );; line 31081 (wfb::comment national_holiday djibouti "1977" );; line 31081 (wfb::national_holiday djibouti "Independence Day" date_27_jun );; line 31081 (wfb::constitution djibouti "multiparty constitution approved in referendum 4 September 1992" );; line 31085 (wfb::legal_system djibouti "based on French civil law system, traditional practices, and Islamic law" );; line 31089 (wfb::comment executive_branch djibouti chief_of_state "election last held 7 May 1993 (next to be held NA 1999)" );; line 31099 (wfb::comment executive_branch djibouti chief_of_state "results - President Hassan GOULED Aptidon was reelected" );; line 31099 (wfb::executive_branch djibouti chief_of_state "President HASSAN GOULED Aptidon " date_24_jun_1977 );; line 31099 (wfb::executive_branch djibouti head_of_government "Prime Minister BARKAT Gourad Hamadou " date_30_sep_1978 );; line 31103 (wfb::comment executive_branch djibouti cabinet "responsible to the president" );; line 31105 (wfb::executive_branch djibouti cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 31105 (wfb::legislative_structure djibouti unicameral n/a );; line 31109 (wfb::legislative_branch djibouti "Chamber of Deputies (Chambre des Deputes)" "elections last held 18 December 1992; results - RPP (the ruling party) dominated; seats - (65 total) RPP 65" );; line 31111 (wfb::judicial_branch djibouti "Supreme Court (Cour Supreme)" );; line 31116 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders djibouti ruling_party "People's Progress Assembly (RPP), Hassan GOULED Aptidon" );; line 31121 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders djibouti other_parties "Democratic Renewal Party (PRD), Mohamed Jama ELABE; Democratic National Party (PND), ADEN Robleh Awaleh" );; line 31123 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups djibouti "Front for the Restoration of Unity and Democracy (FRUD) and affiliates; Movement for Unity and Democracy (MUD)" );; line 31128 (wfb::member_of djibouti acct );; line 31133 (wfb::member_of djibouti acp );; line 31133 (wfb::member_of djibouti afdb );; line 31133 (wfb::member_of djibouti afesd );; line 31133 (wfb::member_of djibouti al );; line 31133 (wfb::member_of djibouti eca );; line 31133 (wfb::member_of djibouti fao );; line 31133 (wfb::member_of djibouti g-77 );; line 31133 (wfb::member_of djibouti ibrd );; line 31133 (wfb::member_of djibouti icao );; line 31133 (wfb::member_of djibouti icrm );; line 31133 (wfb::member_of djibouti ida );; line 31133 (wfb::member_of djibouti idb );; line 31133 (wfb::member_of djibouti ifad );; line 31133 (wfb::member_of djibouti ifc );; line 31133 (wfb::member_of djibouti ifrcs );; line 31133 (wfb::member_of djibouti igadd );; line 31133 (wfb::member_of djibouti ilo );; line 31133 (wfb::member_of djibouti imf );; line 31133 (wfb::member_of djibouti imo );; line 31133 (wfb::member_of djibouti intelsat );; line 31133 (wfb::comment member_of djibouti intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 31133 (wfb::member_of djibouti interpol );; line 31133 (wfb::member_of djibouti ioc );; line 31133 (wfb::member_of djibouti itu );; line 31133 (wfb::member_of djibouti nam );; line 31133 (wfb::member_of djibouti oau );; line 31133 (wfb::member_of djibouti oic );; line 31133 (wfb::member_of djibouti un );; line 31133 (wfb::member_of djibouti unctad );; line 31133 (wfb::member_of djibouti unesco );; line 31133 (wfb::member_of djibouti unido );; line 31133 (wfb::member_of djibouti upu );; line 31133 (wfb::member_of djibouti wftu );; line 31133 (wfb::member_of djibouti who );; line 31133 (wfb::member_of djibouti wmo );; line 31133 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us djibouti chief_of_mission "Ambassador Roble OLHAYE" );; line 31141 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us djibouti chancery "Suite 515, 1156 15th Street NW, Washington, DC 20005" );; line 31143 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us djibouti telephone "[1] (202) 331-0270" );; line 31145 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us djibouti fax "[1] (202) 331-0302" );; line 31147 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation djibouti chief_of_mission "Ambassador Martin L. CHESHES" );; line 31152 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation djibouti embassy "Plateau du Serpent, Boulevard Marechal Joffre, Djibouti" );; line 31154 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation djibouti mailing_address "B. P. 185, Djibouti" );; line 31156 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation djibouti telephone "[253] 35 39 95" );; line 31158 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation djibouti fax "[253] 35 39 40" );; line 31160 (wfb::flag djibouti "two equal horizontal bands of light blue (top) and light green with a white isosceles triangle based on the hoist side bearing a red five-pointed star in the center" );; line 31164 (wfb::overview djibouti "The economy is based on service activities connected with the country's strategic location and status as a free trade zone in northeast Africa. Two-thirds of the inhabitants live in the capital city, the remainder being mostly nomadic herders. Scanty rainfall limits crop production to fruits and vegetables, and most food must be imported. Djibouti provides services as both a transit port for the region and an international transshipment and refueling center. It has few natural resources and little industry. The nation is, therefore, heavily dependent on foreign assistance (an important supplement to GDP) to help support its balance of payments and to finance development projects. An unemployment rate of over 30% continues to be a major problem. Per capita consumption dropped an estimated 35% over the last six years because of recession, civil war, and a high population growth rate (including immigrants and refugees)." );; line 31171 (wfb::estimation-date national_product djibouti date_1994 );; line 31187 (wfb::national_product djibouti (* 500e6 $) );; line 31187 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate djibouti date_1994 );; line 31191 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate djibouti (* -3 %) );; line 31191 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita djibouti date_1994 );; line 31195 (wfb::national_product_per_capita djibouti (* 1200 $) );; line 31195 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| djibouti "6% (1993 est.)" );; line 31199 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate djibouti date_1994 );; line 31203 (wfb::budget djibouti revenues (* 164e6 $) );; line 31208 (wfb::estimation-date budget djibouti date_1993 );; line 31210 (wfb::budget djibouti expenditures (* 201e6 $) );; line 31210 (wfb::budget djibouti capital_expenditures (* 16e6 $) );; line 31210 (wfb::exports djibouti (* 184e6 $) );; line 31215 (wfb::comment exports djibouti commodities "in transit" );; line 31217 (wfb::exports djibouti commodities hides_and_skins n/a );; line 31217 (wfb::exports djibouti commodities coffee n/a );; line 31217 (wfb::exports djibouti partners somalia (* 48 %) );; line 31219 (wfb::exports djibouti partners yemen (* 42 %) );; line 31219 (wfb::imports djibouti (* 384e6 $) );; line 31223 (wfb::imports djibouti commodities foods-commodity n/a );; line 31225 (wfb::imports djibouti commodities beverages n/a );; line 31225 (wfb::imports djibouti commodities transport_equipment n/a );; line 31225 (wfb::imports djibouti commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 31225 (wfb::imports djibouti commodities petroleum_products-commodity n/a );; line 31225 (wfb::imports djibouti partners france n/a );; line 31228 (wfb::imports djibouti partners uk n/a );; line 31228 (wfb::imports djibouti partners saudi_arabia n/a );; line 31228 (wfb::imports djibouti partners bahrain n/a );; line 31228 (wfb::imports djibouti partners south_korea n/a );; line 31228 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt djibouti date_1993 );; line 31232 (wfb::external_debt djibouti (* 227e6 $) );; line 31232 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1991 );; line 31236 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production djibouti date_1991 );; line 31236 (wfb::industrial_production djibouti growth_rate (* 3 %) );; line 31236 (wfb::industrial_production djibouti accounts_for (* 14 %_of_gdp) );; line 31236 (wfb::electricity djibouti capacity (* 90000 kw) );; line 31241 (wfb::electricity djibouti production (* 170e6 kwh) );; line 31243 (wfb::measurement-date electricity djibouti consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 31245 (wfb::electricity djibouti consumption_per_capita (* 398 kwh) );; line 31245 (wfb::industry djibouti limited_to_a_few_small-scale_enterprises );; line 31249 (wfb::industry djibouti such_as_dairy_products_and_mineral-water_bottling );; line 31249 (wfb::agriculture djibouti "mostly fruit and vegetables; herding of goats, sheep, and camels" );; line 31254 (wfb::economic_aid djibouti recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY78-89), $39 million; Western (non-US) countries, including ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $1.1 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $149 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $35 million" );; line 31259 (wfb::abbreviation djiboutian_franc "DF" );; line 31266 (wfb::currency djibouti djiboutian_franc 100 centimes );; line 31266 (wfb::exchange_rates djibouti "Djiboutian francs (DF) per US$1 - 177.721 (fixed rate since 1973)" );; line 31270 (wfb::fiscal_year djibouti date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 31274 (wfb::railroads djibouti total "97 km (Djibouti segment of the Addis Ababa-Djibouti railroad)" );; line 31280 (wfb::railroads djibouti narrow_gauge "97 km 1.000-m gauge" );; line 31282 (wfb::highways djibouti total (* 2900 km) );; line 31287 (wfb::highways djibouti paved (* 280 km) );; line 31289 (wfb::measurement-date highways djibouti date_1982 );; line 31291 (wfb::highways djibouti (union improved unimproved_earth ) (* 2620 km) );; line 31291 (wfb::port djibouti djibouti-djibouti );; line 31295 (wfb::merchant_marine djibouti total "1 cargo ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,369 GRT/3,030 DWT" );; line 31300 (wfb::airports djibouti total 13 );; line 31305 (wfb::airports djibouti |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 31307 (wfb::airports djibouti |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 31309 (wfb::airports djibouti with_paved_runways_under_914_m 3 );; line 31311 (wfb::airports djibouti |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 2 );; line 31313 (wfb::airports djibouti |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 6 );; line 31315 (wfb::telephone_system djibouti "NA telephones; telephone facilities in the city of Djibouti are adequate as are the microwave radio relay connections to outlying areas of the country" );; line 31320 (wfb::telephone_system djibouti local "NA" );; line 31324 (wfb::telephone_system djibouti intercity "microwave radio relay network" );; line 31326 (wfb::telephone_system djibouti international "international connections via submarine cable to Saudi Arabia and by satellite link to other countries; 1 INTELSAT (Indian Ocean) and 1 ARABSAT earth station" );; line 31328 (wfb::radio djibouti broadcast_stations am 2 );; line 31335 (wfb::radio djibouti broadcast_stations fm 2 );; line 31335 (wfb::radio djibouti broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 31335 (wfb::radio djibouti radios n/a );; line 31337 (wfb::television djibouti broadcast_stations 1 );; line 31342 (wfb::television djibouti televisions n/a );; line 31344 (wfb::comment defense_branch djibouti djibouti_national_army_djibouti "includes Navy and Air Force" );; line 31350 (wfb::defense_branch djibouti djibouti_national_army_djibouti );; line 31350 (wfb::comment defense_branch djibouti national_security_force_djibouti "Force Nationale de Securite" );; line 31350 (wfb::defense_branch djibouti national_security_force_djibouti );; line 31350 (wfb::defense_branch djibouti national_police_force_djibouti );; line 31350 (wfb::manpower_availability djibouti "males age 15-49 101,385; males fit for military service 59,337 (1995 est.)" );; line 31355 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures djibouti date_1989 );; line 31360 (wfb::defense_expenditures djibouti (* 26e6 $) );; line 31360 (wfb::defense_expenditures djibouti (* n/a %_of_gdp) );; line 31360 (wfb::markup-parameter figure dominica "graphno=\"do.tif\"" );; line 31366 (wfb::location dominica "Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, about one-half of the way from Puerto Rico to Trinidad and Tobago" );; line 31370 (wfb::map_references dominica "Central America and the Caribbean" );; line 31375 (wfb::area dominica total_area (* 750 sq_km) );; line 31380 (wfb::area dominica land_area (* 750 sq_km) );; line 31382 (wfb::area dominica comparative_area "slightly more than four times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 31384 (wfb::coastline dominica (* 148 km) );; line 31392 (wfb::maritime_claims dominica contiguous_zone (* 24 nm) );; line 31397 (wfb::maritime_claims dominica exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 31399 (wfb::maritime_claims dominica territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 31401 (wfb::international_disputes dominica "none" );; line 31405 (wfb::climate dominica "tropical" );; line 31409 (wfb::climate dominica "moderated by northeast trade winds" );; line 31409 (wfb::climate dominica "heavy rainfall" );; line 31409 (wfb::terrain dominica "rugged mountains of volcanic origin" );; line 31413 (wfb::natural-resource dominica timber );; line 31417 (wfb::land_use dominica arable_land (* 9 %) );; line 31422 (wfb::land_use dominica permanent_crops (* 13 %) );; line 31424 (wfb::land_use dominica meadows_and_pastures (* 3 %) );; line 31426 (wfb::land_use dominica forest_and_woodland (* 41 %) );; line 31428 (wfb::land_use dominica other (* 34 %) );; line 31430 (wfb::irrigated_land dominica (* n/a sq_km) );; line 31434 (wfb::environment dominica current_issues "NA" );; line 31439 (wfb::environment dominica natural_hazards "flash floods are a constant threat" );; line 31441 (wfb::environment dominica natural_hazards "destructive hurricanes can be expected during the late summer months" );; line 31441 (wfb::environment dominica international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Whaling" );; line 31444 (wfb::estimation-date population dominica date_jul_1995 );; line 31451 (wfb::population dominica 82608 );; line 31451 (wfb::age_structure dominica 0-14_years (* 29 %) );; line 31456 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex dominica 0-14_years female 11665 );; line 31456 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex dominica 0-14_years male 12130 );; line 31456 (wfb::age_structure dominica 15-64_years (* 64 %) );; line 31458 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex dominica 15-64_years female 25606 );; line 31458 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex dominica 15-64_years male 26890 );; line 31458 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure dominica 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 31460 (wfb::age_structure dominica 65_years_and_over (* 7 %) );; line 31460 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex dominica 65_years_and_over female 3724 );; line 31460 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex dominica 65_years_and_over male 2593 );; line 31460 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate dominica date_1995 );; line 31464 (wfb::population_growth_rate dominica (* 0.4 %) );; line 31464 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate dominica date_1995 );; line 31468 (wfb::birth_rate dominica (* 18.63 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 31468 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate dominica date_1995 );; line 31472 (wfb::death_rate dominica (* 5.33 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 31472 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate dominica date_1995 );; line 31476 (wfb::net_migration_rate dominica (* -9.36 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 31476 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate dominica date_1995 );; line 31480 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate dominica (* 9.9 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 31480 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth dominica total_population (* 77.2 years) );; line 31485 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth dominica male (* 74.35 years) );; line 31487 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth dominica female date_1995 );; line 31489 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth dominica female (* 80.2 years) );; line 31489 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate dominica date_1995 );; line 31493 (wfb::total_fertility_rate dominica (* 1.95 children_born/woman) );; line 31493 (wfb::nationality dominica noun "Dominican(s)" );; line 31498 (wfb::nationality dominica adjective "Dominican" );; line 31500 (wfb::ethnic-entity dominica black n/a );; line 31504 (wfb::ethnic-entity dominica carib_indians n/a );; line 31504 (wfb::religion dominica roman_catholic (* 77 %) );; line 31508 (wfb::comment religion "Methodist 5%, Pentecostal 3%, Seventh-Day Adventist 3%, Baptist 2%, other 2%" );; line 31508 (wfb::religion dominica protestant (* 15 %) );; line 31508 (wfb::religion dominica unknown (* 1 %) );; line 31508 (wfb::language dominica english n/a );; line 31513 (wfb::comment language dominica english "official" );; line 31513 (wfb::language dominica french_patois n/a );; line 31513 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition dominica date_1970 );; line 31517 (wfb::literacy-condition dominica "age 15 and over has ever attended school" );; line 31517 (wfb::literacy dominica total_population (* 94 %) );; line 31519 (wfb::literacy dominica male (* 94 %) );; line 31521 (wfb::literacy dominica female (* 94 %) );; line 31523 (wfb::total_labor_force dominica 25000 );; line 31527 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force dominica by_occupation date_1984 );; line 31529 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1984 );; line 31529 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation dominica agriculture (* 40 %) );; line 31529 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation dominica industry_and_commerce (* 32 %) );; line 31529 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation dominica services (* 28 %) );; line 31529 (wfb::names dominica conventional_long_form "Commonwealth of Dominica" );; line 31535 (wfb::names dominica conventional_short_form "Dominica" );; line 31537 (wfb::digraph dominica "DO" );; line 31541 (wfb::type dominica "parliamentary democracy" );; line 31545 (wfb::capital dominica roseau-dominica );; line 31549 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_dominica_parishes "parishes" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 31553 (wfb::administrative_divisions dominica adm_div_dominica_parishes 10 );; line 31553 (wfb::administrative_division_of dominica adm_div_dominica_parishes "Saint Andrew" );; line 31553 (wfb::administrative_division_of dominica adm_div_dominica_parishes "Saint David" );; line 31553 (wfb::administrative_division_of dominica adm_div_dominica_parishes "Saint George" );; line 31553 (wfb::administrative_division_of dominica adm_div_dominica_parishes "Saint John" );; line 31553 (wfb::administrative_division_of dominica adm_div_dominica_parishes "Saint Joseph" );; line 31553 (wfb::administrative_division_of dominica adm_div_dominica_parishes "Saint Luke" );; line 31553 (wfb::administrative_division_of dominica adm_div_dominica_parishes "Saint Mark" );; line 31553 (wfb::administrative_division_of dominica adm_div_dominica_parishes "Saint Patrick" );; line 31553 (wfb::administrative_division_of dominica adm_div_dominica_parishes "Saint Paul" );; line 31553 (wfb::administrative_division_of dominica adm_div_dominica_parishes "Saint Peter" );; line 31553 (wfb::independence dominica date_3_nov_1978 "UK" );; line 31558 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1978 );; line 31562 (wfb::comment national_holiday dominica "1978" );; line 31562 (wfb::national_holiday dominica "Independence Day" date_3_nov );; line 31562 (wfb::constitution dominica "3 November 1978" );; line 31566 (wfb::legal_system dominica "based on English common law" );; line 31570 (wfb::comment suffrage dominica " universal" );; line 31574 (wfb::suffrage dominica (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 31574 (wfb::comment executive_branch dominica chief_of_state "results - President Crispin Anselm SORHAINDO was elected by the House of Assembly to a five-year term" );; line 31579 (wfb::comment executive_branch dominica head_of_government "elected for a third term 28 May 1990)" );; line 31584 (wfb::executive_branch dominica head_of_government "Prime Minister (Mary) Eugenia CHARLES " date_21_jul_1980 );; line 31584 (wfb::comment executive_branch dominica cabinet "appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister" );; line 31587 (wfb::executive_branch dominica cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 31587 (wfb::legislative_structure dominica unicameral n/a );; line 31592 (wfb::legislative_branch dominica "House of Assembly" "elections last held 28 May 1990 (next to be held by October 1995); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (30 total; 9 appointed senators and 21 elected representatives) DFP 11, UWP 6, DLP 4" );; line 31594 (wfb::judicial_branch dominica "Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court" );; line 31600 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders dominica "Dominica Freedom Party (DFP), Brian ALLEYNE; Dominica Labor Party (DLP), Rosie DOUGLAS; United Workers Party (UWP), Edison JAMES" );; line 31604 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups dominica "Dominica Liberation Movement (DLM), a small leftist group" );; line 31609 (wfb::member_of dominica acct );; line 31613 (wfb::member_of dominica acp );; line 31613 (wfb::member_of dominica c );; line 31613 (wfb::member_of dominica caricom );; line 31613 (wfb::member_of dominica cdb );; line 31613 (wfb::member_of dominica eclac );; line 31613 (wfb::member_of dominica fao );; line 31613 (wfb::member_of dominica g-77 );; line 31613 (wfb::member_of dominica gatt );; line 31613 (wfb::member_of dominica ibrd );; line 31613 (wfb::member_of dominica icftu );; line 31613 (wfb::member_of dominica icrm );; line 31613 (wfb::member_of dominica ida );; line 31613 (wfb::member_of dominica ifad );; line 31613 (wfb::member_of dominica ifc );; line 31613 (wfb::member_of dominica ifrcs );; line 31613 (wfb::member_of dominica ilo );; line 31613 (wfb::member_of dominica imf );; line 31613 (wfb::member_of dominica imo );; line 31613 (wfb::member_of dominica interpol );; line 31613 (wfb::member_of dominica ioc );; line 31613 (wfb::member_of dominica nam );; line 31613 (wfb::comment member_of dominica nam "observer" );; line 31613 (wfb::member_of dominica oas );; line 31613 (wfb::member_of dominica oecs );; line 31613 (wfb::member_of dominica opanal );; line 31613 (wfb::member_of dominica un );; line 31613 (wfb::member_of dominica unctad );; line 31613 (wfb::member_of dominica unesco );; line 31613 (wfb::member_of dominica unido );; line 31613 (wfb::member_of dominica upu );; line 31613 (wfb::member_of dominica wcl );; line 31613 (wfb::member_of dominica who );; line 31613 (wfb::member_of dominica wmo );; line 31613 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us dominica "Dominica has no embassy in the US" );; line 31619 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us dominica |consulate(s) general| "New York" );; line 31621 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation dominica "no official presence since the Ambassador resides in Bridgetown (Barbados), but travels frequently to Dominica" );; line 31625 (wfb::flag dominica "green with a centered cross of three equal bands - the vertical part is yellow (hoist side), black, and white - the horizontal part is yellow (top), black, and white; superimposed in the center of the cross is a red disk bearing a sisserou parrot encircled by 10 green five-pointed stars edged in yellow; the 10 stars represent the 10 administrative divisions (parishes)" );; line 31630 (wfb::overview dominica "The economy is dependent on agriculture and thus is highly vulnerable to climatic conditions. Agriculture accounts for about 30% of GDP and employs 40% of the labor force. Principal products include bananas, citrus, mangoes, root crops, and coconuts. Development of the tourist industry remains difficult because of the rugged coastline and the lack of an international airport. In 1994 a tropical storm devastated the banana industry." );; line 31640 (wfb::estimation-date national_product dominica date_1994 );; line 31649 (wfb::national_product dominica (* 200e6 $) );; line 31649 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate dominica date_1994 );; line 31653 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate dominica (* 1.6 %) );; line 31653 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita dominica date_1994 );; line 31657 (wfb::national_product_per_capita dominica (* 2260 $) );; line 31657 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| dominica "1.6% (1993 est.)" );; line 31661 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate dominica date_1992 );; line 31665 (wfb::unemployment_rate dominica (* 15 %) );; line 31665 (wfb::budget dominica revenues (* 70e6 $) );; line 31670 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year budget dominica 90 );; line 31672 (wfb::budget dominica expenditures (* 84e6 $) );; line 31672 (wfb::budget dominica capital_expenditures (* 26e6 $) );; line 31672 (wfb::exports dominica (* 48.3e6 $) );; line 31677 (wfb::exports dominica commodities bananas n/a );; line 31679 (wfb::exports dominica commodities soap-commodity n/a );; line 31679 (wfb::exports dominica commodities bay_oil n/a );; line 31679 (wfb::exports dominica commodities vegetables n/a );; line 31679 (wfb::exports dominica commodities grapefruit n/a );; line 31679 (wfb::exports dominica commodities oranges n/a );; line 31679 (wfb::exports dominica partners uk (* 55 %) );; line 31681 (wfb::exports dominica partners caricom_countries n/a );; line 31681 (wfb::exports dominica partners italy n/a );; line 31681 (wfb::exports dominica partners us n/a );; line 31681 (wfb::imports dominica (* 98.8e6 $) );; line 31685 (wfb::imports dominica commodities manufactured_goods n/a );; line 31687 (wfb::imports dominica commodities machinery_and_equipment n/a );; line 31687 (wfb::imports dominica commodities food n/a );; line 31687 (wfb::imports dominica commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 31687 (wfb::imports dominica partners us (* 25 %) );; line 31689 (wfb::imports dominica partners caricom-region n/a );; line 31689 (wfb::imports dominica partners uk n/a );; line 31689 (wfb::imports dominica partners japan n/a );; line 31689 (wfb::imports dominica partners canada n/a );; line 31689 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt dominica date_1992 );; line 31693 (wfb::external_debt dominica (* 92.8e6 $) );; line 31693 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 31697 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production dominica date_1994 );; line 31697 (wfb::industrial_production dominica growth_rate (* -10 %) );; line 31697 (wfb::industrial_production dominica accounts_for (* 7 %_of_gdp) );; line 31697 (wfb::electricity dominica capacity (* 7000 kw) );; line 31702 (wfb::electricity dominica production (* 30e6 kwh) );; line 31704 (wfb::measurement-date electricity dominica consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 31706 (wfb::electricity dominica consumption_per_capita (* 347 kwh) );; line 31706 (wfb::industry dominica soap );; line 31710 (wfb::industry dominica coconut_oil );; line 31710 (wfb::industry dominica tourism );; line 31710 (wfb::industry dominica copra-industry );; line 31710 (wfb::industry dominica furniture );; line 31710 (wfb::industry dominica cement_blocks );; line 31710 (wfb::industry dominica shoes );; line 31710 (wfb::agriculture dominica "accounts for 30% of GDP; principal crops - bananas, citrus, mangoes, root crops, coconuts; bananas provide the bulk of export earnings; forestry and fisheries potential not exploited" );; line 31715 (wfb::illicit_drugs dominica "transshipment point for narcotics bound for the US and Europe; minor cannabis producer" );; line 31721 (wfb::economic_aid dominica recipient "Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $120 million" );; line 31727 (wfb::abbreviation ec_dollar "EC$" );; line 31732 (wfb::currency dominica ec_dollar 100 cents );; line 31732 (wfb::exchange_rates dominica "East Caribbean dollars (EC$) per US$1 - 2.70 (fixed rate since 1976)" );; line 31736 (wfb::fiscal_year dominica date_1_jul date_30_jun );; line 31741 (wfb::railroads dominica "0 km" );; line 31746 (wfb::highways dominica total (* 750 km) );; line 31751 (wfb::highways dominica paved (* 370 km) );; line 31753 (wfb::highways dominica gravel_or_earth (* 380 km) );; line 31755 (wfb::port dominica portsmouth-dominica );; line 31759 (wfb::port dominica roseau-dominica );; line 31759 (wfb::merchant_marine dominica "none" );; line 31763 (wfb::airports dominica total 2 );; line 31768 (wfb::airports dominica |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 31770 (wfb::airports dominica with_paved_runways_under_914_m 1 );; line 31772 (wfb::telephone_system dominica "4,600 telephones; fully automatic network" );; line 31777 (wfb::telephone_system dominica local "NA" );; line 31779 (wfb::telephone_system dominica intercity "NA" );; line 31781 (wfb::telephone_system dominica international "SHF radio and microwave radio relay links to Martinique and Guadeloupe; VHF and UHF radio links to Saint Lucia" );; line 31783 (wfb::radio dominica broadcast_stations am 3 );; line 31789 (wfb::radio dominica broadcast_stations fm 2 );; line 31789 (wfb::radio dominica broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 31789 (wfb::radio dominica radios n/a );; line 31791 (wfb::television dominica televisions n/a );; line 31798 (wfb::comment defense_branch dominica commonwealth_of_dominica_police_force_dominica "includes Special Service Unit, Coast Guard" );; line 31804 (wfb::defense_branch dominica commonwealth_of_dominica_police_force_dominica );; line 31804 (wfb::markup-parameter figure dominican_republic "graphno=\"dr.tif\"" );; line 31815 (wfb::location dominican_republic "Caribbean, eastern two-thirds of the island of Hispaniola, between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, east of Haiti" );; line 31819 (wfb::map_references dominican_republic "Central America and the Caribbean" );; line 31824 (wfb::area dominican_republic total_area (* 48730 sq_km) );; line 31829 (wfb::area dominican_republic land_area (* 48380 sq_km) );; line 31831 (wfb::area dominican_republic comparative_area "slightly more than twice the size of New Hampshire" );; line 31833 (wfb::borders dominican_republic total (* 275 km) );; line 31837 (wfb::borders dominican_republic haiti (* 275 km) );; line 31837 (wfb::coastline dominican_republic (* 1288 km) );; line 31841 (wfb::maritime_claims dominican_republic contiguous_zone (* 24 nm) );; line 31846 (wfb::maritime_claims dominican_republic exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 31850 (wfb::maritime_claims dominican_republic territorial_sea (* 6 nm) );; line 31852 (wfb::international_disputes dominican_republic "none" );; line 31856 (wfb::climate dominican_republic "tropical maritime" );; line 31860 (wfb::climate dominican_republic "little seasonal temperature variation" );; line 31860 (wfb::climate dominican_republic "seasonal variation in rainfall" );; line 31860 (wfb::terrain dominican_republic "rugged highlands and mountains with fertile valleys interspersed" );; line 31865 (wfb::natural-resource dominican_republic nickel );; line 31869 (wfb::natural-resource dominican_republic bauxite );; line 31869 (wfb::natural-resource dominican_republic gold );; line 31869 (wfb::natural-resource dominican_republic silver );; line 31869 (wfb::land_use dominican_republic arable_land (* 23 %) );; line 31874 (wfb::land_use dominican_republic permanent_crops (* 7 %) );; line 31876 (wfb::land_use dominican_republic meadows_and_pastures (* 43 %) );; line 31878 (wfb::land_use dominican_republic forest_and_woodland (* 13 %) );; line 31880 (wfb::land_use dominican_republic other (* 14 %) );; line 31882 (wfb::measurement-date irrigated_land dominican_republic date_1989 );; line 31886 (wfb::irrigated_land dominican_republic (* 2250 sq_km) );; line 31886 (wfb::environment dominican_republic current_issues "water shortages" );; line 31891 (wfb::environment dominican_republic current_issues "soil eroding into the sea damages coral reefs" );; line 31891 (wfb::environment dominican_republic current_issues "deforestation" );; line 31891 (wfb::environment dominican_republic natural_hazards "occasional hurricanes (July to October)" );; line 31894 (wfb::environment dominican_republic international_agreements "party to - Endangered Species, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection" );; line 31896 (wfb::environment dominican_republic international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Law of the Sea" );; line 31896 (wfb::note dominican_republic "shares island of Hispaniola with Haiti (eastern two-thirds is the Dominican Republic, western one-third is Haiti)" );; line 31902 (wfb::estimation-date population dominican_republic date_jul_1995 );; line 31909 (wfb::population dominican_republic 7511263 );; line 31909 (wfb::age_structure dominican_republic 0-14_years (* 35 %) );; line 31914 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex dominican_republic 0-14_years female 1288210 );; line 31914 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex dominican_republic 0-14_years male 1336162 );; line 31914 (wfb::age_structure dominican_republic 15-64_years (* 61 %) );; line 31916 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex dominican_republic 15-64_years female 2246791 );; line 31916 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex dominican_republic 15-64_years male 2312555 );; line 31916 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure dominican_republic 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 31918 (wfb::age_structure dominican_republic 65_years_and_over (* 4 %) );; line 31918 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex dominican_republic 65_years_and_over female 178388 );; line 31918 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex dominican_republic 65_years_and_over male 149157 );; line 31918 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate dominican_republic date_1995 );; line 31922 (wfb::population_growth_rate dominican_republic (* 1.17 %) );; line 31922 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate dominican_republic date_1995 );; line 31926 (wfb::birth_rate dominican_republic (* 23.92 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 31926 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate dominican_republic date_1995 );; line 31930 (wfb::death_rate dominican_republic (* 6.15 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 31930 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate dominican_republic date_1995 );; line 31934 (wfb::net_migration_rate dominican_republic (* -6.04 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 31934 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate dominican_republic date_1995 );; line 31938 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate dominican_republic (* 49.5 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 31938 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth dominican_republic total_population (* 68.73 years) );; line 31943 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth dominican_republic male (* 66.57 years) );; line 31945 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth dominican_republic female date_1995 );; line 31947 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth dominican_republic female (* 70.99 years) );; line 31947 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate dominican_republic date_1995 );; line 31951 (wfb::total_fertility_rate dominican_republic (* 2.72 children_born/woman) );; line 31951 (wfb::nationality dominican_republic noun "Dominican(s)" );; line 31956 (wfb::nationality dominican_republic adjective "Dominican" );; line 31958 (wfb::ethnic-entity dominican_republic white (* 16 %) );; line 31962 (wfb::ethnic-entity dominican_republic black (* 11 %) );; line 31962 (wfb::ethnic-entity dominican_republic mixed (* 73 %) );; line 31962 (wfb::religion dominican_republic roman_catholic (* 95 %) );; line 31966 (wfb::language dominican_republic spanish-language-group n/a );; line 31970 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition dominican_republic date_1990 );; line 31974 (wfb::literacy-condition dominican_republic "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 31974 (wfb::literacy dominican_republic total_population (* 83 %) );; line 31976 (wfb::literacy dominican_republic male (* 85 %) );; line 31978 (wfb::literacy dominican_republic female (* 82 %) );; line 31980 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force dominican_republic by_occupation date_1986 );; line 31986 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1986 );; line 31986 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation dominican_republic agriculture (* 49 %) );; line 31986 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation dominican_republic services (* 33 %) );; line 31986 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation dominican_republic industry (* 18 %) );; line 31986 (wfb::names dominican_republic conventional_long_form "Dominican Republic" );; line 31992 (wfb::names dominican_republic local_long_form "Republica Dominicana" );; line 31996 (wfb::digraph dominican_republic "DR" );; line 32002 (wfb::type dominican_republic "republic" );; line 32006 (wfb::capital dominican_republic santo_domingo-dominican_republic );; line 32010 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_dominican_republic_provinces "provinces" "provincias" "provincia" );; line 32014 (wfb::administrative_divisions dominican_republic adm_div_dominican_republic_provinces 29 );; line 32014 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_dominican_republic_district "district" "n/a" "distrito" );; line 32014 (wfb::administrative_divisions dominican_republic adm_div_dominican_republic_district 1 );; line 32014 (wfb::administrative_division_of dominican_republic adm_div_dominican_republic_provinces "Azua" );; line 32014 (wfb::administrative_division_of dominican_republic adm_div_dominican_republic_provinces "Baoruco" );; line 32014 (wfb::administrative_division_of dominican_republic adm_div_dominican_republic_provinces "Barahona" );; line 32014 (wfb::administrative_division_of dominican_republic adm_div_dominican_republic_provinces "Dajabon" );; line 32014 (wfb::administrative_division_of dominican_republic adm_div_dominican_republic_district "Distrito Nacional" );; line 32014 (wfb::administrative_division_of dominican_republic adm_div_dominican_republic_provinces "Duarte" );; line 32014 (wfb::administrative_division_of dominican_republic adm_div_dominican_republic_provinces "Elias Pina" );; line 32014 (wfb::administrative_division_of dominican_republic adm_div_dominican_republic_provinces "El Seibo" );; line 32014 (wfb::administrative_division_of dominican_republic adm_div_dominican_republic_provinces "Espaillat" );; line 32014 (wfb::administrative_division_of dominican_republic adm_div_dominican_republic_provinces "Hato Mayor" );; line 32014 (wfb::administrative_division_of dominican_republic adm_div_dominican_republic_provinces "Independencia" );; line 32014 (wfb::administrative_division_of dominican_republic adm_div_dominican_republic_provinces "La Altagracia" );; line 32014 (wfb::administrative_division_of dominican_republic adm_div_dominican_republic_provinces "La Romana" );; line 32014 (wfb::administrative_division_of dominican_republic adm_div_dominican_republic_provinces "La Vega" );; line 32014 (wfb::administrative_division_of dominican_republic adm_div_dominican_republic_provinces "Maria Trinidad Sanchez" );; line 32014 (wfb::administrative_division_of dominican_republic adm_div_dominican_republic_provinces "Monsenor Nouel" );; line 32014 (wfb::administrative_division_of dominican_republic adm_div_dominican_republic_provinces "Monte Cristi" );; line 32014 (wfb::administrative_division_of dominican_republic adm_div_dominican_republic_provinces "Monte Plata" );; line 32014 (wfb::administrative_division_of dominican_republic adm_div_dominican_republic_provinces "Pedernales" );; line 32014 (wfb::administrative_division_of dominican_republic adm_div_dominican_republic_provinces "Peravia" );; line 32014 (wfb::administrative_division_of dominican_republic adm_div_dominican_republic_provinces "Puerto Plata" );; line 32014 (wfb::administrative_division_of dominican_republic adm_div_dominican_republic_provinces "Salcedo" );; line 32014 (wfb::administrative_division_of dominican_republic adm_div_dominican_republic_provinces "Samana" );; line 32014 (wfb::administrative_division_of dominican_republic adm_div_dominican_republic_provinces "Sanchez Ramirez" );; line 32014 (wfb::administrative_division_of dominican_republic adm_div_dominican_republic_provinces "San Cristobal" );; line 32014 (wfb::administrative_division_of dominican_republic adm_div_dominican_republic_provinces "San Juan" );; line 32014 (wfb::administrative_division_of dominican_republic adm_div_dominican_republic_provinces "San Pedro de Macoris" );; line 32014 (wfb::administrative_division_of dominican_republic adm_div_dominican_republic_provinces "Santiago" );; line 32014 (wfb::administrative_division_of dominican_republic adm_div_dominican_republic_provinces "Santiago Rodriguez" );; line 32014 (wfb::administrative_division_of dominican_republic adm_div_dominican_republic_provinces "Valverde" );; line 32014 (wfb::independence dominican_republic date_27_feb_1844 "Haiti" );; line 32024 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1844 );; line 32028 (wfb::comment national_holiday dominican_republic "1844" );; line 32028 (wfb::national_holiday dominican_republic "Independence Day" date_27_feb );; line 32028 (wfb::constitution dominican_republic "28 November 1966" );; line 32032 (wfb::legal_system dominican_republic "based on French civil codes" );; line 32036 (wfb::comment suffrage dominican_republic " universal and compulsory or married persons regardless of age" );; line 32040 (wfb::suffrage dominican_republic (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 32040 (wfb::comment suffrage dominican_republic "members of the armed forces and police cannot vote" );; line 32043 (wfb::comment executive_branch dominican_republic chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "Vice President Jacinto PEYNADO (since 16 August 1994) election last held 16 May 1994 (next to be held May 1996)" );; line 32048 (wfb::comment executive_branch dominican_republic chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "results - Joaquin BALAGUER (PRSC) 42.6%, Juan BOSCH Gavino (PLD) 13.2%, Jose Francisco PENA Gomez (PRD) 41.9%, Jacobo MAJLUTA (PRI) 2.3%" );; line 32048 (wfb::comment executive_branch dominican_republic chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "sixth elected term began 16 August 1994)" );; line 32048 (wfb::executive_branch dominican_republic chief_of_state "President Joaquin BALAGUER Ricardo " date_16_aug_1986 );; line 32048 (wfb::executive_branch dominican_republic head_of_government "President Joaquin BALAGUER Ricardo " date_16_aug_1986 );; line 32048 (wfb::comment executive_branch dominican_republic cabinet "nominated by the president" );; line 32054 (wfb::executive_branch dominican_republic cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 32054 (wfb::legislative_structure dominican_republic bicameral "National Congress (Congreso Nacional)" );; line 32058 (wfb::legislative_branch dominican_republic "Senate (Senado)" "elections last held 16 May 1994 (next to be held May 1998); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (30 total) PRSC 15, PLD 1, PRD 14" );; line 32060 (wfb::legislative_branch dominican_republic "Chamber of Deputies (Camara de Diputados)" "elections last held 16 May 1994 (next to be held May 1998); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (120 total) PLD 13, PRSC 50, PRD 57" );; line 32064 (wfb::judicial_branch dominican_republic "Supreme Court (Corte Suprema)" );; line 32070 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders dominican_republic major_parties "Social Christian Reformist Party (PRSC), Joaquin BALAGUER Ricardo; Dominican Liberation Party (PLD), (vacant following retirement of Juan BOSCH Gavino); Dominican Revolutionary Party (PRD), Jose Franciso PENA Gomez; Independent Revolutionary Party (PRI), Jacobo MAJLUTA" );; line 32075 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders dominican_republic minor_parties "National Veterans and Civilian Party (PNVC), Juan Rene BEAUCHAMPS Javier; Liberal Party of the Dominican Republic (PLRD), Andres Van Der HORST; Democratic Quisqueyan Party (PQD), Elias WESSIN Chavez; National Progressive Force (FNP), Marino VINICIO Castillo; Popular Christian Party (PPC), Rogelio DELGADO Bogaert; Dominican Communist Party (PCD), Narciso ISA Conde; Dominican Workers' Party (PTD), Ivan RODRIGUEZ; Anti-Imperialist Patriotic Union (UPA), Ignacio RODRIGUEZ Chiappini; Alliance for Democracy Party (APD), Maximilano Rabelais PUIG Miller, Nelsida MARMOLEJOS, Vicente BENGOA; Democratic Union (UD), Fernando ALVAREZ Bogaert" );; line 32080 (wfb::comment political_parties_and_leaders dominican_republic "in 1983 several leftist parties, including the PCD, joined to form the Dominican Leftist Front (FID); however, they still retain individual party structures" );; line 32090 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups dominican_republic "Collective of Popular Organzations (COP), leader NA" );; line 32096 (wfb::member_of dominican_republic acp );; line 32100 (wfb::member_of dominican_republic caricom );; line 32100 (wfb::comment member_of dominican_republic caricom "observer" );; line 32100 (wfb::member_of dominican_republic eclac );; line 32100 (wfb::member_of dominican_republic fao );; line 32100 (wfb::member_of dominican_republic g-11 );; line 32100 (wfb::member_of dominican_republic g-77 );; line 32100 (wfb::member_of dominican_republic gatt );; line 32100 (wfb::member_of dominican_republic iadb );; line 32100 (wfb::member_of dominican_republic iaea );; line 32100 (wfb::member_of dominican_republic ibrd );; line 32100 (wfb::member_of dominican_republic icao );; line 32100 (wfb::member_of dominican_republic icftu );; line 32100 (wfb::member_of dominican_republic icrm );; line 32100 (wfb::member_of dominican_republic ida );; line 32100 (wfb::member_of dominican_republic ifad );; line 32100 (wfb::member_of dominican_republic ifc );; line 32100 (wfb::member_of dominican_republic ifrcs );; line 32100 (wfb::member_of dominican_republic ilo );; line 32100 (wfb::member_of dominican_republic imf );; line 32100 (wfb::member_of dominican_republic imo );; line 32100 (wfb::member_of dominican_republic intelsat );; line 32100 (wfb::member_of dominican_republic interpol );; line 32100 (wfb::member_of dominican_republic ioc );; line 32100 (wfb::member_of dominican_republic iom );; line 32100 (wfb::member_of dominican_republic itu );; line 32100 (wfb::member_of dominican_republic laes );; line 32100 (wfb::member_of dominican_republic laia );; line 32100 (wfb::comment member_of dominican_republic laia "observer" );; line 32100 (wfb::member_of dominican_republic nam );; line 32100 (wfb::comment member_of dominican_republic nam "guest" );; line 32100 (wfb::member_of dominican_republic oas );; line 32100 (wfb::member_of dominican_republic opanal );; line 32100 (wfb::member_of dominican_republic pca );; line 32100 (wfb::member_of dominican_republic un );; line 32100 (wfb::member_of dominican_republic unctad );; line 32100 (wfb::member_of dominican_republic unesco );; line 32100 (wfb::member_of dominican_republic unido );; line 32100 (wfb::member_of dominican_republic upu );; line 32100 (wfb::member_of dominican_republic wcl );; line 32100 (wfb::member_of dominican_republic wftu );; line 32100 (wfb::member_of dominican_republic who );; line 32100 (wfb::member_of dominican_republic wmo );; line 32100 (wfb::member_of dominican_republic wto );; line 32100 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us dominican_republic chief_of_mission "Ambassador Jose del Carmen ARIZA Gomez" );; line 32108 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us dominican_republic chancery "1715 22nd Street NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 32110 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us dominican_republic telephone "[1] (202) 332-6280" );; line 32112 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us dominican_republic fax "[1] (202) 265-8057" );; line 32114 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us dominican_republic |consulate(s) general| "Boston, Chicago, Los Angeles, Mayaguez (Puerto Rico), Miami, New Orleans, New York, Philadelphia, San Francisco, and San Juan (Puerto Rico)" );; line 32116 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us dominican_republic |consulate(s)| "Charlotte Amalie (Virgin Islands), Detroit, Houston, Jacksonville, Minneapolis, Mobile, and Ponce (Puerto Rico)" );; line 32119 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation dominican_republic chief_of_mission "Ambassador Donna Jean HRINAK" );; line 32125 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation dominican_republic embassy "corner of Calle Cesar Nicolas Penson and Calle Leopoldo Navarro, Santo Domingo" );; line 32127 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation dominican_republic mailing_address "Unit 5500, Santo Domingo; APO AA 34041" );; line 32130 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation dominican_republic telephone "[1] (809) 541-2171, 8100" );; line 32132 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation dominican_republic fax "[1] (809) 686-7437" );; line 32134 (wfb::flag dominican_republic "a centered white cross that extends to the edges, divides the flag into four rectangles - the top ones are blue (hoist side) and red, the bottom ones are red (hoist side) and blue; a small coat of arms is at the center of the cross" );; line 32138 (wfb::overview dominican_republic "The Dominican economy showed some signs of slippage in 1994, although its overall performance in recent years has been relatively strong. After posting an increase of nearly 8% in 1992, GDP growth fell to 3% in 1993 and 1994 as mining output decreased and erosion of real wages caused private consumption to decline. A pre-election boost in government spending in early 1994 led to the first government deficit in four years and bumped inflation up to 14% for the year. Continued dynamism in construction and the services sector, especially tourism, should keep the economy growing in 1995. Tourism, agriculture, and manufacturing for export remain key sectors of the economy. Domestic industry is based on the processing of agricultural products, oil refining, and chemicals." );; line 32146 (wfb::estimation-date national_product dominican_republic date_1994 );; line 32160 (wfb::national_product dominican_republic (* 24e9 $) );; line 32160 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate dominican_republic date_1994 );; line 32164 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate dominican_republic (* 2.9 %) );; line 32164 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita dominican_republic date_1994 );; line 32168 (wfb::national_product_per_capita dominican_republic (* 3070 $) );; line 32168 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| dominican_republic "14% (1994)" );; line 32172 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate dominican_republic date_1994 );; line 32176 (wfb::unemployment_rate dominican_republic (* 30 %) );; line 32176 (wfb::budget dominican_republic revenues (* 1.8e9 $) );; line 32181 (wfb::estimation-date budget dominican_republic date_1994 );; line 32183 (wfb::budget dominican_republic expenditures (* 2.2e9 $) );; line 32183 (wfb::budget dominican_republic capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 32183 (wfb::exports dominican_republic (* 585e6 $) );; line 32187 (wfb::exports dominican_republic commodities ferronickel n/a );; line 32189 (wfb::exports dominican_republic commodities sugar-commodity n/a );; line 32189 (wfb::exports dominican_republic commodities gold-commodity n/a );; line 32189 (wfb::exports dominican_republic commodities coffee n/a );; line 32189 (wfb::exports dominican_republic commodities cocoa n/a );; line 32189 (wfb::measurement-date exports dominican_republic date_1992 );; line 32191 (wfb::exports dominican_republic partners us (* 52 %) );; line 32191 (wfb::exports dominican_republic partners ec (* 23 %) );; line 32191 (wfb::exports dominican_republic partners puerto_rico (* 9 %) );; line 32191 (wfb::exports dominican_republic partners asia (* 7 %) );; line 32191 (wfb::imports dominican_republic (* 2.5e9 $) );; line 32195 (wfb::imports dominican_republic commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 32197 (wfb::imports dominican_republic commodities petroleum-commodity n/a );; line 32197 (wfb::imports dominican_republic commodities cotton_and_fabrics n/a );; line 32197 (wfb::imports dominican_republic commodities chemicals_and_pharmaceuticals n/a );; line 32197 (wfb::measurement-date imports dominican_republic date_1993 );; line 32200 (wfb::comment imports dominican_republic partners "1993" );; line 32200 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt dominican_republic date_1994 );; line 32204 (wfb::external_debt dominican_republic (* 4.3e9 $) );; line 32204 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 32208 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production dominican_republic date_1994 );; line 32208 (wfb::industrial_production dominican_republic growth_rate (* 3.4 %) );; line 32208 (wfb::industrial_production dominican_republic accounts_for (* 14 %_of_gdp) );; line 32208 (wfb::electricity dominican_republic capacity (* 1450000 kw) );; line 32213 (wfb::electricity dominican_republic production (* 5.4e9 kwh) );; line 32215 (wfb::measurement-date electricity dominican_republic consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 32217 (wfb::electricity dominican_republic consumption_per_capita (* 651 kwh) );; line 32217 (wfb::industry dominican_republic tourism );; line 32221 (wfb::industry dominican_republic sugar_processing );; line 32221 (wfb::industry dominican_republic ferronickel_and_gold_mining );; line 32221 (wfb::industry dominican_republic textiles );; line 32221 (wfb::industry dominican_republic cement );; line 32221 (wfb::industry dominican_republic tobacco-industry );; line 32221 (wfb::agriculture dominican_republic "accounts for 15% of GDP and employs 49% of labor force; commercial crops - sugarcane, coffee, cotton, cocoa, and tobacco; food crops - rice, beans, potatoes, corn, bananas; animal output - cattle, hogs, dairy products, meat, eggs; not self-sufficient in food" );; line 32226 (wfb::illicit_drugs dominican_republic "transshipment point for South American drugs destined for the US and Europe" );; line 32233 (wfb::economic_aid dominican_republic recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY85-89), $575 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $655 million" );; line 32239 (wfb::abbreviation dominican_peso "RD$" );; line 32244 (wfb::currency dominican_republic dominican_peso 100 centavos );; line 32244 (wfb::exchange_rates dominican_republic "Dominican pesos (RD$) per US$1 - 13.258 (January 1995), 13.160 (1994), 12.679 (1993), 12.774 (1992), 12.692 (1991), 8.525 (1990)" );; line 32248 (wfb::fiscal_year dominican_republic date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 32253 (wfb::railroads dominican_republic total "1,655 km (in numerous segments; includes 4 different gauges from 0.558-m narrow gauge to 1.435-m standard gauge)" );; line 32259 (wfb::highways dominican_republic total (* 12000 km) );; line 32265 (wfb::highways dominican_republic paved (* 5800 km) );; line 32267 (wfb::highways dominican_republic gravel_or_improved_earth (* 5600 km) );; line 32269 (wfb::highways dominican_republic unimproved_earth (* 600 km) );; line 32269 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 96 km) );; line 32273 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 8 km) );; line 32273 (wfb::port dominican_republic barahona-dominican_republic );; line 32277 (wfb::port dominican_republic la_romana-dominican_republic );; line 32277 (wfb::port dominican_republic puerto_plata-dominican_republic );; line 32277 (wfb::port dominican_republic san_pedro_de_macoris-dominican_republic );; line 32277 (wfb::port dominican_republic santo_domingo-dominican_republic );; line 32277 (wfb::merchant_marine dominican_republic total "1 cargo ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,587 GRT/1,165 DWT" );; line 32283 (wfb::airports dominican_republic total 36 );; line 32288 (wfb::airports dominican_republic |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 2 );; line 32290 (wfb::airports dominican_republic |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 32292 (wfb::airports dominican_republic |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 4 );; line 32294 (wfb::airports dominican_republic |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 5 );; line 32296 (wfb::airports dominican_republic with_paved_runways_under_914_m 16 );; line 32298 (wfb::airports dominican_republic |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 32300 (wfb::airports dominican_republic |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 1 );; line 32302 (wfb::airports dominican_republic |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 6 );; line 32304 (wfb::telephone_system dominican_republic "190,000 telephones; relatively efficient domestic system based on islandwide microwave radio relay network" );; line 32309 (wfb::telephone_system dominican_republic local "NA" );; line 32312 (wfb::telephone_system dominican_republic intercity "islandwide microwave radio relay network" );; line 32314 (wfb::telephone_system dominican_republic international "1 coaxial submarine cable; 1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station" );; line 32316 (wfb::radio dominican_republic broadcast_stations am 120 );; line 32322 (wfb::radio dominican_republic broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 32322 (wfb::radio dominican_republic broadcast_stations shortwave 6 );; line 32322 (wfb::radio dominican_republic radios n/a );; line 32324 (wfb::television dominican_republic broadcast_stations 18 );; line 32329 (wfb::television dominican_republic televisions n/a );; line 32331 (wfb::defense_branch dominican_republic army_dominican_republic );; line 32337 (wfb::defense_branch dominican_republic navy_dominican_republic );; line 32337 (wfb::defense_branch dominican_republic air_force_dominican_republic );; line 32337 (wfb::defense_branch dominican_republic national_police_dominican_republic );; line 32337 (wfb::manpower_availability dominican_republic "males age 15-49 2,008,597; males fit for military service 1,266,812; males reach military age (18) annually 79,769 (1995 est.)" );; line 32341 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures dominican_republic date_1994 );; line 32346 (wfb::defense_expenditures dominican_republic (* 116e6 $) );; line 32346 (wfb::defense_expenditures dominican_republic (* 1.4 %_of_gdp) );; line 32346 (wfb::markup-parameter figure ecuador "graphno=\"ec.tif\"" );; line 32353 (wfb::location ecuador "Western South America, bordering the Pacific Ocean at the Equator, between Colombia and Peru" );; line 32357 (wfb::map_references ecuador "South America" );; line 32362 (wfb::area ecuador total_area (* 283560 sq_km) );; line 32367 (wfb::area ecuador land_area (* 276840 sq_km) );; line 32369 (wfb::area ecuador comparative_area "slightly smaller than Nevada" );; line 32371 (wfb::comment area ecuador "includes Galapagos Islands" );; line 32373 (wfb::borders ecuador total (* 2010 km) );; line 32377 (wfb::borders ecuador colombia (* 590 km) );; line 32377 (wfb::borders ecuador peru (* 1420 km) );; line 32377 (wfb::coastline ecuador (* 2237 km) );; line 32381 (wfb::maritime_claims ecuador territorial_sea (* 200 nm) );; line 32388 (wfb::international_disputes ecuador "three sections of the boundary with Peru are in dispute" );; line 32392 (wfb::climate ecuador "tropical along coast becoming cooler inland" );; line 32396 (wfb::terrain ecuador "coastal plain (costa), inter-Andean central highlands (sierra), and flat to rolling eastern jungle (oriente)" );; line 32400 (wfb::natural-resource ecuador petroleum );; line 32405 (wfb::natural-resource ecuador fish );; line 32405 (wfb::natural-resource ecuador timber );; line 32405 (wfb::land_use ecuador arable_land (* 6 %) );; line 32410 (wfb::land_use ecuador permanent_crops (* 3 %) );; line 32412 (wfb::land_use ecuador meadows_and_pastures (* 17 %) );; line 32414 (wfb::land_use ecuador forest_and_woodland (* 51 %) );; line 32416 (wfb::land_use ecuador other (* 23 %) );; line 32418 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land ecuador date_1989 );; line 32422 (wfb::irrigated_land ecuador (* 5500 sq_km) );; line 32422 (wfb::environment ecuador current_issues "deforestation" );; line 32427 (wfb::environment ecuador current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 32427 (wfb::environment ecuador current_issues "desertification" );; line 32427 (wfb::environment ecuador current_issues "water pollution" );; line 32427 (wfb::environment ecuador natural_hazards "frequent earthquakes, landslides, volcanic activity" );; line 32429 (wfb::environment ecuador natural_hazards "periodic droughts" );; line 32429 (wfb::environment ecuador international_agreements "party to - Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands" );; line 32432 (wfb::environment ecuador international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Tropical Timber 94" );; line 32432 (wfb::note ecuador "Cotopaxi in Andes is highest active volcano in world" );; line 32439 (wfb::estimation-date population ecuador date_jul_1995 );; line 32445 (wfb::population ecuador 10890950 );; line 32445 (wfb::age_structure ecuador 0-14_years (* 36 %) );; line 32450 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex ecuador 0-14_years female 1928977 );; line 32450 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex ecuador 0-14_years male 1990036 );; line 32450 (wfb::age_structure ecuador 15-64_years (* 60 %) );; line 32452 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex ecuador 15-64_years female 3281575 );; line 32452 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex ecuador 15-64_years male 3230082 );; line 32452 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure ecuador 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 32454 (wfb::age_structure ecuador 65_years_and_over (* 4 %) );; line 32454 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex ecuador 65_years_and_over female 244862 );; line 32454 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex ecuador 65_years_and_over male 215418 );; line 32454 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate ecuador date_1995 );; line 32458 (wfb::population_growth_rate ecuador (* 1.95 %) );; line 32458 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate ecuador date_1995 );; line 32462 (wfb::birth_rate ecuador (* 25.08 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 32462 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate ecuador date_1995 );; line 32466 (wfb::death_rate ecuador (* 5.55 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 32466 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate ecuador date_1995 );; line 32470 (wfb::net_migration_rate ecuador (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 32470 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate ecuador date_1995 );; line 32474 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate ecuador (* 37.7 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 32474 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth ecuador total_population (* 70.35 years) );; line 32479 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth ecuador male (* 67.83 years) );; line 32481 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth ecuador female date_1995 );; line 32483 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth ecuador female (* 72.99 years) );; line 32483 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate ecuador date_1995 );; line 32487 (wfb::total_fertility_rate ecuador (* 2.97 children_born/woman) );; line 32487 (wfb::nationality ecuador noun "Ecuadorian(s)" );; line 32492 (wfb::nationality ecuador adjective "Ecuadorian" );; line 32494 (wfb::ethnic-entity ecuador |mestizo (mixed Indian and Spanish)| (* 55 %) );; line 32498 (wfb::ethnic-entity ecuador indian (* 25 %) );; line 32498 (wfb::ethnic-entity ecuador spanish (* 10 %) );; line 32498 (wfb::ethnic-entity ecuador black (* 10 %) );; line 32498 (wfb::religion ecuador roman_catholic (* 95 %) );; line 32503 (wfb::language ecuador spanish-language-group n/a );; line 32507 (wfb::comment language ecuador spanish-language-group "official" );; line 32507 (wfb::language ecuador indian_languages n/a );; line 32507 (wfb::comment language ecuador indian_languages "especially Quechua" );; line 32507 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition ecuador date_1990 );; line 32511 (wfb::literacy-condition ecuador "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 32511 (wfb::literacy ecuador total_population (* 87 %) );; line 32513 (wfb::literacy ecuador male (* 90 %) );; line 32515 (wfb::literacy ecuador female (* 84 %) );; line 32517 (wfb::total_labor_force ecuador 2.8e6 );; line 32521 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force ecuador by_occupation date_1982 );; line 32523 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1982 );; line 32523 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation ecuador agriculture (* 35 %) );; line 32523 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation ecuador manufacturing (* 21 %) );; line 32523 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation ecuador commerce (* 16 %) );; line 32523 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation ecuador services_and_other_activities (* 28 %) );; line 32523 (wfb::names ecuador conventional_long_form "Republic of Ecuador" );; line 32530 (wfb::names ecuador conventional_short_form "Ecuador" );; line 32532 (wfb::names ecuador local_long_form "Republica del Ecuador" );; line 32534 (wfb::names ecuador local_short_form "Ecuador" );; line 32536 (wfb::digraph ecuador "EC" );; line 32540 (wfb::type ecuador "republic" );; line 32544 (wfb::capital ecuador quito-ecuador );; line 32548 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_ecuador_provinces "provinces" "provincias" "provincia" );; line 32552 (wfb::administrative_divisions ecuador adm_div_ecuador_provinces 21 );; line 32552 (wfb::administrative_division_of ecuador adm_div_ecuador_provinces "Azuay" );; line 32552 (wfb::administrative_division_of ecuador adm_div_ecuador_provinces "Bolivar" );; line 32552 (wfb::administrative_division_of ecuador adm_div_ecuador_provinces "Canar" );; line 32552 (wfb::administrative_division_of ecuador adm_div_ecuador_provinces "Carchi" );; line 32552 (wfb::administrative_division_of ecuador adm_div_ecuador_provinces "Chimborazo" );; line 32552 (wfb::administrative_division_of ecuador adm_div_ecuador_provinces "Cotopaxi" );; line 32552 (wfb::administrative_division_of ecuador adm_div_ecuador_provinces "El Oro" );; line 32552 (wfb::administrative_division_of ecuador adm_div_ecuador_provinces "Esmeraldas" );; line 32552 (wfb::administrative_division_of ecuador adm_div_ecuador_provinces "Galapagos" );; line 32552 (wfb::administrative_division_of ecuador adm_div_ecuador_provinces "Guayas" );; line 32552 (wfb::administrative_division_of ecuador adm_div_ecuador_provinces "Imbabura" );; line 32552 (wfb::administrative_division_of ecuador adm_div_ecuador_provinces "Loja" );; line 32552 (wfb::administrative_division_of ecuador adm_div_ecuador_provinces "Los Rios" );; line 32552 (wfb::administrative_division_of ecuador adm_div_ecuador_provinces "Manabi" );; line 32552 (wfb::administrative_division_of ecuador adm_div_ecuador_provinces "Morona-Santiago" );; line 32552 (wfb::administrative_division_of ecuador adm_div_ecuador_provinces "Napo" );; line 32552 (wfb::administrative_division_of ecuador adm_div_ecuador_provinces "Pastaza" );; line 32552 (wfb::administrative_division_of ecuador adm_div_ecuador_provinces "Pichincha" );; line 32552 (wfb::administrative_division_of ecuador adm_div_ecuador_provinces "Sucumbios" );; line 32552 (wfb::administrative_division_of ecuador adm_div_ecuador_provinces "Tungurahua" );; line 32552 (wfb::administrative_division_of ecuador adm_div_ecuador_provinces "Zamora-Chinchipe" );; line 32552 (wfb::independence ecuador date_24_may_1822 "Spain" );; line 32559 (wfb::comment national_holiday ecuador "independence of Quito" );; line 32563 (wfb::national_holiday ecuador "Independence Day" date_10_aug );; line 32563 (wfb::constitution ecuador "10 August 1979" );; line 32567 (wfb::legal_system ecuador "based on civil law system; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 32571 (wfb::comment suffrage ecuador " universal, compulsory for literate persons ages 18-65, optional for other eligible voters" );; line 32576 (wfb::suffrage ecuador (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 32576 (wfb::comment executive_branch ecuador chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "Vice President Alberto DAHIK Garzoni (since 10 August 1992)" );; line 32582 (wfb::comment executive_branch ecuador chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "election runoff election held 5 July 1992 (next to be held NA 1996)" );; line 32582 (wfb::comment executive_branch ecuador chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "results - Sixto DURAN-BALLEN elected as president and Alberto DAHIK elected as vice president" );; line 32582 (wfb::executive_branch ecuador chief_of_state "President Sixto DURAN-BALLEN Cordovez " date_10_aug_1992 );; line 32582 (wfb::executive_branch ecuador head_of_government "President Sixto DURAN-BALLEN Cordovez " date_10_aug_1992 );; line 32582 (wfb::comment executive_branch ecuador cabinet "appointed by the president" );; line 32587 (wfb::executive_branch ecuador cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 32587 (wfb::legislative_structure ecuador unicameral n/a );; line 32591 (wfb::legislative_branch ecuador "National Congress (Congreso Nacional)" "elections last held 1 May 1994 (next to be held 1 May 1996); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (77 total) PSC 25, PRE 11, MPD 8, ID 7, DP 7, PCE 7, PUR 2, CFP 2, APRE 2, PSE 1, FRA 1, PLRE 1, LN 1, independents 2" );; line 32593 (wfb::judicial_branch ecuador "Supreme Court (Corte Suprema)" );; line 32600 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders ecuador center-right_parties "Social Christian Party (PSC), Jaime NEBOT Saadi, president; Republican Unity Party (PUR), President Sixto DURAN-BALLEN, leader; Ecuadorian Conservative Party (PCE), Vice President Alberto DAHIK, president" );; line 32605 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders ecuador center-left_parties "Democratic Left (ID), Andres VALLEJO Arcos, Rodrigo BORJA Cevallos, leaders; Popular Democracy (DP), Rodrigo PAZ, leader; Ecuadorian Radical Liberal Party (PLRE), Medardo MORA, leader; Radical Alfarista Front (FRA), Jaime ASPIAZU Seminario, director" );; line 32609 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders ecuador populist_parties "Roldista Party (PRE), Abdala BUCARAM Ortiz, director; Concentration of Popular Forces (CFP), Rodolfo BAQUERIZO Nazur, leader; Popular Revolutionary Action (APRE), Frank VARGAS Passos, leader" );; line 32614 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders ecuador far-left_parties "Popular Democratic Movement (MPD), Juan Jose CASTELLO, leader; Ecuadorian Socialist Party (PSE), Leon ROLDOS, leader; Broad Leftist Front (FADI), Rene Mauge MOSQUERA, chairman; Ecuadorian National Liberation (LN), Alfredo CASTILLO, director" );; line 32618 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders ecuador communists "Communist Party of Ecuador (PCE, pro-North Korea), Rene Mauge MOSQUERA, Secretary General; Communist Party of Ecuador/Marxist-Leninist (PCMLE, Maoist)" );; line 32623 (wfb::member_of ecuador ag );; line 32629 (wfb::member_of ecuador eclac );; line 32629 (wfb::member_of ecuador fao );; line 32629 (wfb::member_of ecuador g-11 );; line 32629 (wfb::member_of ecuador g-77 );; line 32629 (wfb::member_of ecuador iadb );; line 32629 (wfb::member_of ecuador iaea );; line 32629 (wfb::member_of ecuador ibrd );; line 32629 (wfb::member_of ecuador icao );; line 32629 (wfb::member_of ecuador icc );; line 32629 (wfb::member_of ecuador icftu );; line 32629 (wfb::member_of ecuador icrm );; line 32629 (wfb::member_of ecuador ida );; line 32629 (wfb::member_of ecuador ifad );; line 32629 (wfb::member_of ecuador ifc );; line 32629 (wfb::member_of ecuador ifrcs );; line 32629 (wfb::member_of ecuador ilo );; line 32629 (wfb::member_of ecuador imf );; line 32629 (wfb::member_of ecuador imo );; line 32629 (wfb::member_of ecuador intelsat );; line 32629 (wfb::member_of ecuador interpol );; line 32629 (wfb::member_of ecuador ioc );; line 32629 (wfb::member_of ecuador iom );; line 32629 (wfb::member_of ecuador itu );; line 32629 (wfb::member_of ecuador laes );; line 32629 (wfb::member_of ecuador laia );; line 32629 (wfb::member_of ecuador nam );; line 32629 (wfb::member_of ecuador oas );; line 32629 (wfb::member_of ecuador opanal );; line 32629 (wfb::member_of ecuador pca );; line 32629 (wfb::member_of ecuador rg );; line 32629 (wfb::member_of ecuador un );; line 32629 (wfb::member_of ecuador unctad );; line 32629 (wfb::member_of ecuador unesco );; line 32629 (wfb::member_of ecuador unido );; line 32629 (wfb::member_of ecuador upu );; line 32629 (wfb::member_of ecuador wcl );; line 32629 (wfb::member_of ecuador wftu );; line 32629 (wfb::member_of ecuador who );; line 32629 (wfb::member_of ecuador wipo );; line 32629 (wfb::member_of ecuador wmo );; line 32629 (wfb::member_of ecuador wto );; line 32629 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us ecuador chief_of_mission "Ambassador Edgar TERAN Teran" );; line 32637 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us ecuador chancery "2535 15th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009" );; line 32639 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us ecuador telephone "[1] (202) 234-7200" );; line 32641 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us ecuador |consulate(s) general| "Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New Orleans, New York, and San Francisco" );; line 32643 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us ecuador |consulate(s)| "Newark" );; line 32646 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation ecuador chief_of_mission "Ambassador Peter F. ROMERO" );; line 32651 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation ecuador embassy "Avenida 12 de Octubre y Avenida Patria, Quito" );; line 32653 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation ecuador mailing_address "APO AA 34039-3420" );; line 32655 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation ecuador telephone "[593] (2) 562-890, 561-624, 561-749" );; line 32657 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation ecuador fax "[593] (2) 502-052" );; line 32659 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation ecuador |consulate(s) general| "Guayaquil" );; line 32661 (wfb::flag ecuador "three horizontal bands of yellow (top, double width), blue, and red with the coat of arms superimposed at the center of the flag; similar to the flag of Colombia that is shorter and does not bear a coat of arms" );; line 32665 (wfb::overview ecuador "Ecuador has substantial oil resources and rich agricultural areas. Growth has been uneven in recent years because of fluctuations in prices for Ecuador's primary exports - oil and bananas - as well as because of government policies designed to curb inflation. President Sixto DURAN-BALLEN launched a series of macroeconomic reforms when he came into office in August 1992 which included raising domestic fuel prices and utility rates, eliminating most subsidies, and bringing the government budget into balance. These measures helped to reduce inflation from 55% in 1992 to 25% in 1994. DURAN-BALLEN has a much more favorable attitude toward foreign investment than his predecessor and has supported several laws designed to encourage foreign investment. Ecuador has implemented free or complementary trade agreements with Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Peru, and Venezuela, as well as applied for World Trade Organization membership. Ecuador signed a standby agreement with the IMF and rescheduled its $7.6 billion commercial debt in 1994 thereby regaining access to multilateral lending. Growth in 1994 speeded up to 3.9%, based on increased exports of bananas and non-traditional products, while international reserves increased to a record $1.6 billion." );; line 32672 (wfb::estimation-date national_product ecuador date_1994 );; line 32692 (wfb::national_product ecuador (* 41.1e9 $) );; line 32692 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate ecuador date_1994 );; line 32696 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate ecuador (* 3.9 %) );; line 32696 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita ecuador date_1994 );; line 32700 (wfb::national_product_per_capita ecuador (* 3840 $) );; line 32700 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| ecuador "25% (1994)" );; line 32704 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate ecuador date_1994 );; line 32708 (wfb::unemployment_rate ecuador (* 7.1 %) );; line 32708 (wfb::budget ecuador revenues (* 2.76e9 $) );; line 32713 (wfb::measurement-date budget ecuador date_1994 );; line 32715 (wfb::budget ecuador expenditures (* 2.76e9 $) );; line 32715 (wfb::budget ecuador capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 32715 (wfb::exports ecuador (* 3.3e9 $) );; line 32719 (wfb::exports ecuador commodities petroleum-commodity (* 39 %) );; line 32721 (wfb::exports ecuador commodities bananas (* 17 %) );; line 32721 (wfb::exports ecuador commodities shrimp (* 16 %) );; line 32721 (wfb::exports ecuador commodities cocoa (* 3 %) );; line 32721 (wfb::exports ecuador commodities coffee (* 6 %) );; line 32721 (wfb::exports ecuador partners us (* 42 %) );; line 32723 (wfb::exports ecuador partners latin_america (* 29 %) );; line 32723 (wfb::exports ecuador partners (union caribbean eu_countries ) (* 17 %) );; line 32723 (wfb::imports ecuador (* 3e9 $) );; line 32727 (wfb::imports ecuador commodities transport_equipment n/a );; line 32729 (wfb::imports ecuador commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 32729 (wfb::imports ecuador commodities vehicles n/a );; line 32729 (wfb::imports ecuador commodities machinery n/a );; line 32729 (wfb::imports ecuador commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 32729 (wfb::imports ecuador partners us (* 28 %) );; line 32732 (wfb::imports ecuador partners eu (* 17 %) );; line 32732 (wfb::imports ecuador partners latin_america (* 31 %) );; line 32732 (wfb::imports ecuador partners caribbean n/a );; line 32732 (wfb::imports ecuador partners japan n/a );; line 32732 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 32740 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production ecuador date_1993 );; line 32740 (wfb::industrial_production ecuador growth_rate (* 6.4 %) );; line 32740 (wfb::electricity ecuador capacity (* 2230000 kw) );; line 32746 (wfb::electricity ecuador production (* 6.9e9 kwh) );; line 32748 (wfb::measurement-date electricity ecuador consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 32750 (wfb::electricity ecuador consumption_per_capita (* 612 kwh) );; line 32750 (wfb::industry ecuador petroleum-industry );; line 32754 (wfb::industry ecuador food_processing );; line 32754 (wfb::industry ecuador textiles );; line 32754 (wfb::industry ecuador metal_work );; line 32754 (wfb::industry ecuador paper_products-industry );; line 32754 (wfb::industry ecuador wood_products );; line 32754 (wfb::industry ecuador chemicals );; line 32754 (wfb::industry ecuador plastics );; line 32754 (wfb::industry ecuador fishing-industry );; line 32754 (wfb::industry ecuador lumber );; line 32754 (wfb::agriculture ecuador "accounts for 14% of GDP (including fishing and forestry); leading producer and exporter of bananas and balsawood; other agricultural exports - coffee, cocoa, fish, shrimp; other crops - rice, potatoes, manioc, plantains, sugarcane; livestock products - cattle, sheep, hogs, beef, pork, dairy products; net importer of foodgrains, dairy products, and sugar" );; line 32759 (wfb::illicit_drugs ecuador "significant transit country for derivatives of coca originating in Colombia, Bolivia, and Peru; minor illicit producer of coca; importer of precursor chemicals used in production of illicit narcotics; important money-laundering hub" );; line 32767 (wfb::economic_aid ecuador recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $498 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-91), $2.39 billion; Communist countries (1970-89), $64 million" );; line 32775 (wfb::abbreviation sucre "S/" );; line 32781 (wfb::currency ecuador sucre 100 centavos );; line 32781 (wfb::exchange_rates ecuador "sucres (S/) per US$1 - 1,198.1 (December 1994), 2,196.7 (1994), 1,919.1 (1993), 1,534.0 (1992), 1,046.25 (1991), 767.8 (1990), 767.78 (1990), 526.35 (1989)" );; line 32785 (wfb::fiscal_year ecuador date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 32791 (wfb::railroads ecuador total "965 km (single track)" );; line 32797 (wfb::railroads ecuador narrow_gauge "965 km 1.067-m gauge" );; line 32799 (wfb::highways ecuador total (* 43709 km) );; line 32804 (wfb::highways ecuador paved (* 5245 km) );; line 32806 (wfb::highways ecuador unpaved (* 38464 km) );; line 32808 (wfb::inland_waterways ecuador "1,500 km" );; line 32812 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 800 km) );; line 32816 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 1358 km) );; line 32816 (wfb::port ecuador esmeraldas-ecuador );; line 32820 (wfb::port ecuador guayaquil-ecuador );; line 32820 (wfb::port ecuador la_libertad-ecuador );; line 32820 (wfb::port ecuador manta-ecuador );; line 32820 (wfb::port ecuador puerto_bolivar-ecuador );; line 32820 (wfb::port ecuador san_lorenzo-ecuador );; line 32820 (wfb::merchant_marine ecuador total "33 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 222,822 GRT/326,447 DWT" );; line 32826 (wfb::merchant_marine ecuador ships_by_type "bulk 1, cargo 2, container 2, liquefied gas tanker 2, oil tanker 13, passenger 3, refrigerated cargo 10" );; line 32828 (wfb::airports ecuador total 175 );; line 32834 (wfb::airports ecuador |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 2 );; line 32836 (wfb::airports ecuador |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 7 );; line 32838 (wfb::airports ecuador |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 8 );; line 32840 (wfb::airports ecuador |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 15 );; line 32842 (wfb::airports ecuador with_paved_runways_under_914_m 107 );; line 32844 (wfb::airports ecuador |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 5 );; line 32846 (wfb::airports ecuador |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 31 );; line 32848 (wfb::telephone_system ecuador "318,000 telephones; 30 telephones/1,000 persons; domestic facilities generally inadequate and unreliable" );; line 32853 (wfb::telephone_system ecuador local "NA" );; line 32856 (wfb::telephone_system ecuador intercity "NA" );; line 32858 (wfb::telephone_system ecuador international "1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station" );; line 32860 (wfb::radio ecuador broadcast_stations am 272 );; line 32865 (wfb::radio ecuador broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 32865 (wfb::radio ecuador broadcast_stations shortwave 39 );; line 32865 (wfb::radio ecuador radios n/a );; line 32867 (wfb::television ecuador broadcast_stations 33 );; line 32872 (wfb::television ecuador televisions n/a );; line 32874 (wfb::comment defense_branch ecuador army_ecuador "Ejercito Ecuatoriano" );; line 32880 (wfb::defense_branch ecuador army_ecuador );; line 32880 (wfb::comment defense_branch ecuador navy_ecuador "Armada Ecuatoriana, includes Marines" );; line 32880 (wfb::defense_branch ecuador navy_ecuador );; line 32880 (wfb::comment defense_branch ecuador air_force_ecuador "Fuerza Aerea Ecuatoriana" );; line 32880 (wfb::defense_branch ecuador air_force_ecuador );; line 32880 (wfb::defense_branch ecuador national_police_ecuador );; line 32880 (wfb::manpower_availability ecuador "males age 15-49 2,814,867; males fit for military service 1,903,979; males reach military age (20) annually 113,985 (1995 est.)" );; line 32885 (wfb::markup-parameter figure egypt "graphno=\"eg.tif\"" );; line 32896 (wfb::location egypt "Northern Africa, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Libya and the Gaza Strip" );; line 32900 (wfb::map_references egypt "Africa" );; line 32905 (wfb::area egypt total_area (* 1001450 sq_km) );; line 32910 (wfb::area egypt land_area (* 995450 sq_km) );; line 32912 (wfb::area egypt comparative_area "slightly more than three times the size of New Mexico" );; line 32914 (wfb::borders egypt total (* 2689 km) );; line 32918 (wfb::borders egypt gaza_strip (* 11 km) );; line 32918 (wfb::borders egypt israel (* 255 km) );; line 32918 (wfb::borders egypt libya (* 1150 km) );; line 32918 (wfb::borders egypt sudan (* 1273 km) );; line 32918 (wfb::coastline egypt (* 2450 km) );; line 32923 (wfb::maritime_claims egypt contiguous_zone (* 24 nm) );; line 32928 (wfb::maritime_claims egypt exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 32932 (wfb::maritime_claims egypt territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 32934 (wfb::international_disputes egypt "administrative boundary with Sudan does not coincide with international boundary creating the \"Hala'ib Triangle,\" a barren area of 20,580 sq km, tensions over this disputed area began to escalate in 1992 and remain high" );; line 32938 (wfb::climate egypt "desert" );; line 32945 (wfb::climate egypt "hot, dry summers with moderate winters" );; line 32945 (wfb::terrain egypt "vast desert plateau interrupted by Nile valley and delta" );; line 32949 (wfb::natural-resource egypt petroleum );; line 32953 (wfb::natural-resource egypt natural_gas );; line 32953 (wfb::natural-resource egypt iron_ore );; line 32953 (wfb::natural-resource egypt phosphates );; line 32953 (wfb::natural-resource egypt manganese );; line 32953 (wfb::natural-resource egypt limestone );; line 32953 (wfb::natural-resource egypt gypsum );; line 32953 (wfb::natural-resource egypt talc );; line 32953 (wfb::natural-resource egypt asbestos );; line 32953 (wfb::natural-resource egypt lead );; line 32953 (wfb::natural-resource egypt zinc );; line 32953 (wfb::land_use egypt arable_land (* 3 %) );; line 32959 (wfb::land_use egypt permanent_crops (* 2 %) );; line 32961 (wfb::land_use egypt meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 32963 (wfb::land_use egypt forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 32965 (wfb::land_use egypt other (* 95 %) );; line 32967 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land egypt date_1989 );; line 32971 (wfb::irrigated_land egypt (* 25850 sq_km) );; line 32971 (wfb::environment egypt current_issues "agricultural land being lost to urbanization and windblown sands" );; line 32976 (wfb::environment egypt current_issues "increasing soil salinization below Aswan High Dam" );; line 32976 (wfb::environment egypt current_issues "desertification" );; line 32976 (wfb::environment egypt current_issues "oil pollution threatening coral reefs, beaches, and marine habitats" );; line 32976 (wfb::environment egypt current_issues "other water pollution from agricultural pesticides, raw sewage, and industrial effluents" );; line 32976 (wfb::environment egypt current_issues "very limited natural fresh water resources away from the Nile which is the only perennial water source" );; line 32976 (wfb::environment egypt current_issues "rapid growth in population overstraining natural resources" );; line 32976 (wfb::environment egypt natural_hazards "periodic droughts" );; line 32983 (wfb::environment egypt natural_hazards "frequent earthquakes, flash floods, landslides, volcanic activity" );; line 32983 (wfb::environment egypt natural_hazards "hot, driving windstorm called khamsin occurs in spring" );; line 32983 (wfb::environment egypt natural_hazards "duststorms, sandstorms" );; line 32983 (wfb::environment egypt international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands" );; line 32987 (wfb::environment egypt international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Desertification, Tropical Timber 94" );; line 32987 (wfb::note egypt "controls Sinai Peninsula, only land bridge between Africa and remainder of Eastern Hemisphere; controls Suez Canal, shortest sea link between Indian Ocean and Mediterranean Sea; size, and juxtaposition to Israel, establish its major role in Middle Eastern geopolitics" );; line 32994 (wfb::estimation-date population egypt date_jul_1995 );; line 33003 (wfb::population egypt 62359623 );; line 33003 (wfb::age_structure egypt 0-14_years (* 37 %) );; line 33008 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex egypt 0-14_years female 11380668 );; line 33008 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex egypt 0-14_years male 11872728 );; line 33008 (wfb::age_structure egypt 15-64_years (* 59 %) );; line 33010 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex egypt 15-64_years female 18250706 );; line 33010 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex egypt 15-64_years male 18641830 );; line 33010 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure egypt 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 33012 (wfb::age_structure egypt 65_years_and_over (* 4 %) );; line 33012 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex egypt 65_years_and_over female 1204477 );; line 33012 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex egypt 65_years_and_over male 1009214 );; line 33012 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate egypt date_1995 );; line 33016 (wfb::population_growth_rate egypt (* 1.95 %) );; line 33016 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate egypt date_1995 );; line 33020 (wfb::birth_rate egypt (* 28.69 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 33020 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate egypt date_1995 );; line 33024 (wfb::death_rate egypt (* 8.86 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 33024 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate egypt date_1995 );; line 33028 (wfb::net_migration_rate egypt (* -0.35 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 33028 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate egypt date_1995 );; line 33032 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate egypt (* 74.5 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 33032 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth egypt total_population (* 61.12 years) );; line 33037 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth egypt male (* 59.22 years) );; line 33039 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth egypt female date_1995 );; line 33041 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth egypt female (* 63.12 years) );; line 33041 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate egypt date_1995 );; line 33045 (wfb::total_fertility_rate egypt (* 3.67 children_born/woman) );; line 33045 (wfb::nationality egypt noun "Egyptian(s)" );; line 33050 (wfb::nationality egypt adjective "Egyptian" );; line 33052 (wfb::comment religions egypt "official estimate" );; line 33061 (wfb::comment religion "official estimate" );; line 33061 (wfb::religion egypt |Muslim (mostly Sunni)| (* 94 %) );; line 33061 (wfb::religion egypt coptic_christian_and_other (* 6 %) );; line 33061 (wfb::language egypt arabic n/a );; line 33066 (wfb::comment language egypt arabic "official" );; line 33066 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition egypt date_1990 );; line 33071 (wfb::literacy-condition egypt "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 33071 (wfb::literacy egypt total_population (* 48 %) );; line 33073 (wfb::literacy egypt male (* 63 %) );; line 33075 (wfb::literacy egypt female (* 34 %) );; line 33077 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force egypt date_1994 );; line 33081 (wfb::total_labor_force egypt 16e6 );; line 33081 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force egypt by_occupation date_1984 );; line 33083 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1984 );; line 33083 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation egypt government n/a );; line 33083 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation egypt public_sector_enterprises n/a );; line 33083 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation egypt armed_forces (* 36 %) );; line 33083 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation egypt agriculture (* 34 %) );; line 33083 (wfb::comment labor_force egypt "shortage of skilled labor; 2,500,000 Egyptians work abroad, mostly in Saudi Arabia and the Gulf Arab states (1993 est.)" );; line 33086 (wfb::names egypt conventional_long_form "Arab Republic of Egypt" );; line 33093 (wfb::names egypt conventional_short_form "Egypt" );; line 33095 (wfb::names egypt local_long_form "Jumhuriyat Misr al-Arabiyah" );; line 33097 (wfb::names egypt former "United Arab Republic (with Syria)" );; line 33101 (wfb::digraph egypt "EG" );; line 33105 (wfb::type egypt "republic" );; line 33109 (wfb::capital egypt cairo-egypt );; line 33113 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_egypt_governorates "governorates" "muhafazat" "muhafazah" );; line 33117 (wfb::administrative_divisions egypt adm_div_egypt_governorates 26 );; line 33117 (wfb::administrative_division_of egypt adm_div_egypt_governorates "Ad Daqahliyah" );; line 33117 (wfb::administrative_division_of egypt adm_div_egypt_governorates "Al Bahr al Ahmar" );; line 33117 (wfb::administrative_division_of egypt adm_div_egypt_governorates "Al Buhayrah" );; line 33117 (wfb::administrative_division_of egypt adm_div_egypt_governorates "Al Fayyum" );; line 33117 (wfb::administrative_division_of egypt adm_div_egypt_governorates "Al Gharbiyah" );; line 33117 (wfb::administrative_division_of egypt adm_div_egypt_governorates "Al Iskandariyah" );; line 33117 (wfb::administrative_division_of egypt adm_div_egypt_governorates "Al Isma'iliyah" );; line 33117 (wfb::administrative_division_of egypt adm_div_egypt_governorates "Al Jizah" );; line 33117 (wfb::administrative_division_of egypt adm_div_egypt_governorates "Al Minufiyah" );; line 33117 (wfb::administrative_division_of egypt adm_div_egypt_governorates "Al Minya" );; line 33117 (wfb::administrative_division_of egypt adm_div_egypt_governorates "Al Qahirah" );; line 33117 (wfb::administrative_division_of egypt adm_div_egypt_governorates "Al Qalyubiyah" );; line 33117 (wfb::administrative_division_of egypt adm_div_egypt_governorates "Al Wadi al Jadid" );; line 33117 (wfb::administrative_division_of egypt adm_div_egypt_governorates "Ash Sharqiyah" );; line 33117 (wfb::administrative_division_of egypt adm_div_egypt_governorates "As Suways" );; line 33117 (wfb::administrative_division_of egypt adm_div_egypt_governorates "Aswan" );; line 33117 (wfb::administrative_division_of egypt adm_div_egypt_governorates "Asyu't" );; line 33117 (wfb::administrative_division_of egypt adm_div_egypt_governorates "Bani Suwayf" );; line 33117 (wfb::administrative_division_of egypt adm_div_egypt_governorates "Bur Sa'id" );; line 33117 (wfb::administrative_division_of egypt adm_div_egypt_governorates "Dumyat" );; line 33117 (wfb::administrative_division_of egypt adm_div_egypt_governorates "Janub Sina" );; line 33117 (wfb::administrative_division_of egypt adm_div_egypt_governorates "Kafr ash Shaykh" );; line 33117 (wfb::administrative_division_of egypt adm_div_egypt_governorates "Matruh" );; line 33117 (wfb::administrative_division_of egypt adm_div_egypt_governorates "Qina" );; line 33117 (wfb::administrative_division_of egypt adm_div_egypt_governorates "Shamal Sina" );; line 33117 (wfb::administrative_division_of egypt adm_div_egypt_governorates "Suhaj" );; line 33117 (wfb::independence egypt date_28_feb_1922 "UK" );; line 33126 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1952 );; line 33130 (wfb::comment national_holiday egypt "1952" );; line 33130 (wfb::national_holiday egypt "Anniversary of the Revolution" date_23_jul );; line 33130 (wfb::constitution egypt "11 September 1971" );; line 33134 (wfb::legal_system egypt "based on English common law, Islamic law, and Napoleonic codes; judicial review by Supreme Court and Council of State (oversees validity of administrative decisions); accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations" );; line 33138 (wfb::comment suffrage egypt " universal and compulsory" );; line 33144 (wfb::suffrage egypt (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 33144 (wfb::comment executive_branch egypt chief_of_state "national referendum held 4 October 1993 validated Mubarak's nomination by the People's Assembly to a third 6-year presidential term" );; line 33149 (wfb::executive_branch egypt chief_of_state "President Mohammed Hosni MUBARAK (sworn in as president on 14 October 1981, eight days after the assassination of President SADAT)" n/a );; line 33149 (wfb::executive_branch egypt head_of_government "Prime Minister Atef Mohammed Najib SEDKY " date_12_nov_1986 );; line 33154 (wfb::comment executive_branch egypt cabinet "appointed by the president" );; line 33157 (wfb::executive_branch egypt cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 33157 (wfb::legislative_structure egypt bicameral n/a );; line 33161 (wfb::legislative_branch egypt "People's Assembly (Majlis al-Cha'b)" "elections last held 29 November 1990 (next to be held NA November 1995); results - NDP 86.3%, NPUG 1.3%, independents 12.4%; seats - (454 total, 444 elected, 10 appointed by the president) NDP 383, NPUG 6, independents 55; note - most opposition parties boycotted; NDP figures include NDP members who ran as independents and other NDP-affiliated independents" );; line 33163 (wfb::legislative_branch egypt "Advisory Council (Majlis al-Shura)" "functions only in a consultative role; elections last held 8 June 1989 (next to be held NA June 1995); results - NDP 100%; seats - (258 total, 172 elected, 86 appointed by the president) NDP 172" );; line 33169 (wfb::judicial_branch egypt "Supreme Constitutional Court" );; line 33175 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders egypt "National Democratic Party (NDP), President Mohammed Hosni MUBARAK, leader, is the dominant party; legal opposition parties are; New Wafd Party (NWP), Fu'ad SIRAJ AL-DIN; Socialist Labor Party, Ibrahim SHUKRI; National Progressive Unionist Grouping (NPUG), Khalid MUHYI-AL-DIN; Socialist Liberal Party (SLP), Mustafa Kamal MURAD; Democratic Unionist Party, Mohammed 'Abd-al-Mun'im TURK; Umma Party, Ahmad al-SABAHI; Misr al-Fatah Party (Young Egypt Party), Gamal RABIE; Nasserist Arab Democratic Party, Dia' al-din DAWUD; Democratic Peoples' Party, Anwar AFIFI; The Greens Party, Kamal KIRAH; Social Justice Party, Muhammad 'ABD-AL-'AL" );; line 33179 (wfb::comment political_parties_and_leaders egypt "formation of political parties must be approved by government" );; line 33189 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups egypt "despite a constitutional ban against religious-based parties, the technically illegal Muslim Brotherhood constitutes MUBARAK's potentially most significant political opposition; MUBARAK tolerated limited political activity by the Brotherhood for his first two terms, but has moved more aggressively in the past year to block its influence; trade unions and professional associations are officially sanctioned" );; line 33193 (wfb::member_of egypt abeda );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt acc );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt afesd );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt al );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt amf );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt caeu );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt ccc );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt escwa );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt fao );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt g-19 );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt g-77 );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt iaea );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt ibrd );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt icao );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt icrm );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt ida );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt idb );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt ifad );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt ifc );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt ifrcs );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt ilo );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt imf );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt imo );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt inmarsat );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt intelsat );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt interpol );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt ioc );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt iso );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt itu );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt nam );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt oapec );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt oic );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt opec );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt pca );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt un );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt unamir );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt unctad );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt unesco );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt unido );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt unomil );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt unprofor );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt upu );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt wftu );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt who );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt wipo );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt wmo );; line 33202 (wfb::member_of egypt wto );; line 33202 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us egypt chief_of_mission "Ambassador Ahmed Maher El SAYED" );; line 33210 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us egypt chancery "3521 International Court NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 33212 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us egypt telephone "[1] (202) 895-5400" );; line 33214 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us egypt fax "[1] (202) 244-4319, 5131" );; line 33216 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us egypt |consulate(s) general| "Chicago, Houston, New York, and San Francisco" );; line 33218 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation egypt chief_of_mission "Ambassador Edward S. WALKER, Jr." );; line 33223 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation egypt embassy "(North Gate) 8, Kamel El-Din Salah Street, Garden City, Cairo" );; line 33225 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation egypt mailing_address "APO AE 09839-4900" );; line 33227 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation egypt telephone "[20] (2) 3557371" );; line 33229 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation egypt fax "[20] (2) 3573200" );; line 33231 (wfb::flag egypt "three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and black with the national emblem (a shield superimposed on a golden eagle facing the hoist side above a scroll bearing the name of the country in Arabic) centered in the white band; similar to the flag of Yemen, which has a plain white band; also similar to the flag of Syria that has two green stars and to the flag of Iraq, which has three green stars (plus an Arabic inscription) in a horizontal line centered in the white band" );; line 33235 (wfb::overview egypt "Half of Egypt's GDP originates in the public sector, most industrial plants being owned by the government. Overregulation holds back technical modernization and foreign investment. Even so, the economy grew rapidly during the late 1970s and early 1980s, but in 1986 the collapse of world oil prices and an increasingly heavy burden of debt servicing led Egypt to begin negotiations with the IMF for balance-of-payments support. Egypt's first IMF standby arrangement concluded in mid-1987 was suspended in early 1988 because of the government's failure to adopt promised reforms. Egypt signed a follow-on program with the IMF and also negotiated a structural adjustment loan with the World Bank in 1991. In 1991-93 the government made solid progress on administrative reforms such as liberalizing exchange and interest rates but resisted implementing major structural reforms like streamlining the public sector. As a result, the economy has not gained momentum and unemployment has become a growing problem. Egypt probably will continue making uneven progress in implementing the successor programs with the IMF and World Bank it signed onto in late 1993. Tourism has plunged since 1992 because of sporadic attacks by Islamic extremists on tourist groups. President MUBARAK has cited population growth as the main cause of the country's economic troubles. The addition of about 1.2 million people a year to the already huge population of 62 million exerts enormous pressure on the 5% of the land area available for agriculture along the Nile." );; line 33246 (wfb::estimation-date national_product egypt date_1994 );; line 33270 (wfb::national_product egypt (* 151.5e9 $) );; line 33270 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate egypt date_1994 );; line 33274 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate egypt (* 1.5 %) );; line 33274 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita egypt date_1994 );; line 33278 (wfb::national_product_per_capita egypt (* 2490 $) );; line 33278 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| egypt "8% (1994 est.)" );; line 33282 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate egypt date_1994 );; line 33286 (wfb::unemployment_rate egypt (* 20 %) );; line 33286 (wfb::budget egypt revenues (* 18e9 $) );; line 33291 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year budget egypt 94 );; line 33293 (wfb::budget egypt expenditures (* 19.4e9 $) );; line 33293 (wfb::budget egypt capital_expenditures (* 3.8e9 $) );; line 33293 (wfb::exports egypt (* 3.1e9 $) );; line 33298 (wfb::exports egypt commodities crude_oil_and_petroleum_products n/a );; line 33300 (wfb::exports egypt commodities cotton_yarn n/a );; line 33300 (wfb::exports egypt commodities raw_cotton n/a );; line 33300 (wfb::exports egypt commodities textiles-commodity n/a );; line 33300 (wfb::exports egypt commodities metal_products-commodity n/a );; line 33300 (wfb::exports egypt commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 33300 (wfb::exports egypt partners eu n/a );; line 33303 (wfb::exports egypt partners us n/a );; line 33303 (wfb::exports egypt partners japan n/a );; line 33303 (wfb::imports egypt (* 11.2e9 $) );; line 33307 (wfb::imports egypt commodities machinery_and_equipment n/a );; line 33309 (wfb::imports egypt commodities foods-commodity n/a );; line 33309 (wfb::imports egypt commodities fertilizers-commodity n/a );; line 33309 (wfb::imports egypt commodities wood_products-commodity n/a );; line 33309 (wfb::imports egypt commodities durable_consumer_goods n/a );; line 33309 (wfb::imports egypt commodities capital_goods n/a );; line 33309 (wfb::imports egypt partners eu n/a );; line 33312 (wfb::imports egypt partners us n/a );; line 33312 (wfb::imports egypt partners japan n/a );; line 33312 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt egypt date_dec_1994 );; line 33316 (wfb::external_debt egypt (* 31.2e9 $) );; line 33316 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year industrial_production 92 );; line 33320 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year industrial_production egypt 92 );; line 33320 (wfb::industrial_production egypt growth_rate (* 2.7 %) );; line 33320 (wfb::electricity egypt capacity (* 11830000 kw) );; line 33325 (wfb::electricity egypt production (* 44.5e9 kwh) );; line 33327 (wfb::measurement-date electricity egypt consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 33329 (wfb::electricity egypt consumption_per_capita (* 695 kwh) );; line 33329 (wfb::industry egypt textiles );; line 33333 (wfb::industry egypt food_processing );; line 33333 (wfb::industry egypt tourism );; line 33333 (wfb::industry egypt chemicals );; line 33333 (wfb::industry egypt petroleum-industry );; line 33333 (wfb::industry egypt construction-industry );; line 33333 (wfb::industry egypt cement );; line 33333 (wfb::industry egypt metals-industry );; line 33333 (wfb::agriculture egypt "cotton, rice, corn, wheat, beans, fruit, vegetables; cattle, water buffalo, sheep, goats; annual fish catch about 140,000 metric tons" );; line 33338 (wfb::illicit_drugs egypt "a transit point for Southwest Asian and Southeast Asian heroin and opium moving to Europe and the US; popular transit stop for Nigerian couriers; large domestic consumption of hashish from Lebanon and Syria" );; line 33343 (wfb::economic_aid egypt recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $15.7 billion; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-88), $10.1 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $2.9 billion; Communist countries (1970-89), $2.4 billion" );; line 33350 (wfb::abbreviation egyptian_pound "#E" );; line 33357 (wfb::currency egypt egyptian_pound 100 piasters );; line 33357 (wfb::exchange_rates egypt "Egyptian pounds (#E) per US$1 - 3.4 (November 1994), 3.369 (November 1993), 3.345 (November 1992), 2.7072 (1990); market rate: 3.3920 (January 1995), 3.3920 (1994), 3.3704 (1993), 3.3300 (1992), 2.0000 (1991), 1.1000 (1990)" );; line 33361 (wfb::fiscal_year egypt date_1_jul date_30_jun );; line 33368 (wfb::railroads egypt total "4,895 km (42 km electrified; 951 km double track)" );; line 33374 (wfb::railroads egypt standard_gauge "4,548 km 1,435-m gauge (42 km electrified; 951 km double track)" );; line 33376 (wfb::railroads egypt narrow_gauge "347 km 0.750-m gauge" );; line 33378 (wfb::highways egypt total (* 47387 km) );; line 33383 (wfb::highways egypt paved (* 34593 km) );; line 33385 (wfb::highways egypt unpaved (* 12794 km) );; line 33387 (wfb::inland_waterways egypt "3,500 km (including the Nile, Lake Nasser, Alexandria-Cairo Waterway, and numerous smaller canals in the delta); Suez Canal, 193.5 km long (including approaches), used by oceangoing vessels drawing up to 16.1 meters of water" );; line 33391 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 1171 km) );; line 33398 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 596 km) );; line 33398 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 460 km) );; line 33398 (wfb::port egypt alexandria-egypt );; line 33403 (wfb::port egypt al_ghurdaqah-egypt );; line 33403 (wfb::port egypt aswan-egypt );; line 33403 (wfb::port egypt asyut-egypt );; line 33403 (wfb::port egypt bur_safajah-egypt );; line 33403 (wfb::port egypt damietta-egypt );; line 33403 (wfb::port egypt marsa_matruh-egypt );; line 33403 (wfb::port egypt port_said-egypt );; line 33403 (wfb::port egypt suez-egypt );; line 33403 (wfb::merchant_marine egypt total "168 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,187,442 GRT/1,821,327 DWT" );; line 33409 (wfb::merchant_marine egypt ships_by_type "bulk 19, cargo 83, container 2, oil tanker 15, passenger 30, refrigerated cargo 1, roll-on/roll-off cargo 14, short-sea passenger 4" );; line 33412 (wfb::airports egypt total 91 );; line 33418 (wfb::airports egypt |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 11 );; line 33420 (wfb::airports egypt |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 35 );; line 33422 (wfb::airports egypt |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 17 );; line 33424 (wfb::airports egypt |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 3 );; line 33426 (wfb::airports egypt with_paved_runways_under_914_m 14 );; line 33428 (wfb::airports egypt |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 2 );; line 33430 (wfb::airports egypt |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 2 );; line 33432 (wfb::airports egypt |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 7 );; line 33434 (wfb::telephone_system egypt "600,000 telephones; 11 telephones/1,000 persons; large system by Third World standards but inadequate for present requirements and undergoing extensive upgrading" );; line 33439 (wfb::telephone_system egypt local "NA" );; line 33443 (wfb::telephone_system egypt intercity "principal centers at Alexandria, Cairo, Al Mansurah, Ismailia Suez, and Tanta are connected by coaxial cable and microwave radio relay" );; line 33445 (wfb::telephone_system egypt international "2 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean and Indian Ocean), 1 ARABSAT, and 1 INMARSAT earth station; 5 coaxial submarine cables, microwave troposcatter (to Sudan), and microwave radio relay (to Libya, Israel, and Jordan)" );; line 33448 (wfb::radio egypt broadcast_stations am 39 );; line 33455 (wfb::radio egypt broadcast_stations fm 6 );; line 33455 (wfb::radio egypt broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 33455 (wfb::radio egypt radios n/a );; line 33457 (wfb::television egypt broadcast_stations 41 );; line 33462 (wfb::television egypt televisions n/a );; line 33464 (wfb::defense_branch egypt army_egypt );; line 33470 (wfb::defense_branch egypt navy_egypt );; line 33470 (wfb::defense_branch egypt air_force_egypt );; line 33470 (wfb::defense_branch egypt air_defense_command_egypt );; line 33470 (wfb::manpower_availability egypt "males age 15-49 16,113,413; males fit for military service 10,455,955; males reach military age (20) annually 648,724 (1995 est.)" );; line 33474 (wfb::for-fiscal-year defense_expenditures egypt 94 );; line 33479 (wfb::defense_expenditures egypt (* 3.5e9 $) );; line 33479 (wfb::markup-parameter figure el_salvador "graphno=\"es.tif\"" );; line 33486 (wfb::location el_salvador "Middle America, bordering the North Pacific Ocean, between Guatemala and Honduras" );; line 33490 (wfb::map_references el_salvador "Central America and the Caribbean" );; line 33495 (wfb::area el_salvador total_area (* 21040 sq_km) );; line 33500 (wfb::area el_salvador land_area (* 20720 sq_km) );; line 33502 (wfb::area el_salvador comparative_area "slightly smaller than Massachusetts" );; line 33504 (wfb::borders el_salvador total (* 545 km) );; line 33508 (wfb::borders el_salvador guatemala (* 203 km) );; line 33508 (wfb::borders el_salvador honduras (* 342 km) );; line 33508 (wfb::coastline el_salvador (* 307 km) );; line 33512 (wfb::maritime_claims el_salvador territorial_sea (* 200 nm) );; line 33517 (wfb::international_disputes el_salvador "land boundary dispute with Honduras mostly resolved by 11 September 1992 International Court of Justice (ICJ) decision" );; line 33521 (wfb::international_disputes el_salvador "with respect to the maritime boundary in the Golfo de Fonseca, ICJ referred to an earlier agreement in this century and advised that some tripartite resolution among El Salvador, Honduras and Nicaragua likely would be required" );; line 33521 (wfb::climate el_salvador "tropical" );; line 33529 (wfb::climate el_salvador "rainy season (May to October)" );; line 33529 (wfb::climate el_salvador "dry season (November to April)" );; line 33529 (wfb::terrain el_salvador "mostly mountains with narrow coastal belt and central plateau" );; line 33534 (wfb::natural-resource el_salvador hydropower-natural-resource );; line 33538 (wfb::natural-resource el_salvador geothermal_power );; line 33538 (wfb::natural-resource el_salvador petroleum );; line 33538 (wfb::land_use el_salvador arable_land (* 27 %) );; line 33543 (wfb::land_use el_salvador permanent_crops (* 8 %) );; line 33545 (wfb::land_use el_salvador meadows_and_pastures (* 29 %) );; line 33547 (wfb::land_use el_salvador forest_and_woodland (* 6 %) );; line 33549 (wfb::land_use el_salvador other (* 30 %) );; line 33551 (wfb::measurement-date irrigated_land el_salvador date_1989 );; line 33555 (wfb::irrigated_land el_salvador (* 1200 sq_km) );; line 33555 (wfb::environment el_salvador current_issues "deforestation" );; line 33560 (wfb::environment el_salvador current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 33560 (wfb::environment el_salvador current_issues "water pollution" );; line 33560 (wfb::environment el_salvador current_issues "contamination of soils from disposal of toxic wastes" );; line 33560 (wfb::environment el_salvador natural_hazards "known as the Land of Volcanoes" );; line 33563 (wfb::environment el_salvador natural_hazards "frequent and sometimes very destructive earthquakes and volcanic activity" );; line 33563 (wfb::environment el_salvador international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection" );; line 33566 (wfb::environment el_salvador international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Climate Change, Law of the Sea" );; line 33566 (wfb::note el_salvador "smallest Central American country and only one without a coastline on Caribbean Sea" );; line 33572 (wfb::estimation-date population el_salvador date_jul_1995 );; line 33579 (wfb::population el_salvador 5870481 );; line 33579 (wfb::age_structure el_salvador 0-14_years (* 40 %) );; line 33584 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex el_salvador 0-14_years female 1165152 );; line 33584 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex el_salvador 0-14_years male 1200759 );; line 33584 (wfb::age_structure el_salvador 15-64_years (* 56 %) );; line 33586 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex el_salvador 15-64_years female 1677958 );; line 33586 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex el_salvador 15-64_years male 1602230 );; line 33586 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure el_salvador 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 33588 (wfb::age_structure el_salvador 65_years_and_over (* 4 %) );; line 33588 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex el_salvador 65_years_and_over female 122368 );; line 33588 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex el_salvador 65_years_and_over male 102014 );; line 33588 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate el_salvador date_1995 );; line 33592 (wfb::population_growth_rate el_salvador (* 2.02 %) );; line 33592 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate el_salvador date_1995 );; line 33596 (wfb::birth_rate el_salvador (* 32.39 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 33596 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate el_salvador date_1995 );; line 33600 (wfb::death_rate el_salvador (* 6.19 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 33600 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate el_salvador date_1995 );; line 33604 (wfb::net_migration_rate el_salvador (* -5.96 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 33604 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate el_salvador date_1995 );; line 33608 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate el_salvador (* 38.9 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 33608 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth el_salvador total_population (* 67.5 years) );; line 33613 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth el_salvador male (* 64.89 years) );; line 33615 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth el_salvador female date_1995 );; line 33617 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth el_salvador female (* 70.23 years) );; line 33617 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate el_salvador date_1995 );; line 33621 (wfb::total_fertility_rate el_salvador (* 3.69 children_born/woman) );; line 33621 (wfb::nationality el_salvador noun "Salvadoran(s)" );; line 33626 (wfb::nationality el_salvador adjective "Salvadoran" );; line 33628 (wfb::ethnic-entity el_salvador mestizo (* 94 %) );; line 33632 (wfb::ethnic-entity el_salvador indian (* 5 %) );; line 33632 (wfb::ethnic-entity el_salvador white (* 1 %) );; line 33632 (wfb::religion el_salvador roman_catholic (* 75 %) );; line 33636 (wfb::comment religions el_salvador "there is extensive activity by Protestant groups throughout the country; by the end of 1992, there were an estimated 1 million Protestant evangelicals in El Salvador" );; line 33638 (wfb::language el_salvador spanish-language-group n/a );; line 33644 (wfb::language el_salvador nahua n/a );; line 33644 (wfb::comment language el_salvador nahua "among some Indians" );; line 33644 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition el_salvador date_1990 );; line 33648 (wfb::literacy-condition el_salvador "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 33648 (wfb::literacy el_salvador total_population (* 73 %) );; line 33650 (wfb::literacy el_salvador male (* 76 %) );; line 33652 (wfb::literacy el_salvador female (* 70 %) );; line 33654 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force el_salvador date_1982 );; line 33658 (wfb::total_labor_force el_salvador 1.7e6 );; line 33658 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation el_salvador agriculture (* 40 %) );; line 33660 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation el_salvador commerce (* 16 %) );; line 33660 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation el_salvador manufacturing (* 15 %) );; line 33660 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation el_salvador government (* 13 %) );; line 33660 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation el_salvador financial_services (* 9 %) );; line 33660 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation el_salvador transportation (* 6 %) );; line 33660 (wfb::comment labor_force el_salvador "shortage of skilled labor and a large pool of unskilled labor, but training programs improving situation (1984 est.)" );; line 33663 (wfb::names el_salvador conventional_long_form "Republic of El Salvador" );; line 33670 (wfb::names el_salvador conventional_short_form "El Salvador" );; line 33672 (wfb::names el_salvador local_long_form "Republica de El Salvador" );; line 33674 (wfb::names el_salvador local_short_form "El Salvador" );; line 33676 (wfb::digraph el_salvador "ES" );; line 33680 (wfb::type el_salvador "republic" );; line 33684 (wfb::capital el_salvador san_salvador-el_salvador );; line 33688 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_el_salvador_departments "departments" "departamentos" "departamento" );; line 33692 (wfb::administrative_divisions el_salvador adm_div_el_salvador_departments 14 );; line 33692 (wfb::administrative_division_of el_salvador adm_div_el_salvador_departments "Ahuachapan" );; line 33692 (wfb::administrative_division_of el_salvador adm_div_el_salvador_departments "Cabanas" );; line 33692 (wfb::administrative_division_of el_salvador adm_div_el_salvador_departments "Chalatenango" );; line 33692 (wfb::administrative_division_of el_salvador adm_div_el_salvador_departments "Cuscatlan" );; line 33692 (wfb::administrative_division_of el_salvador adm_div_el_salvador_departments "La Libertad" );; line 33692 (wfb::administrative_division_of el_salvador adm_div_el_salvador_departments "La Paz" );; line 33692 (wfb::administrative_division_of el_salvador adm_div_el_salvador_departments "La Union" );; line 33692 (wfb::administrative_division_of el_salvador adm_div_el_salvador_departments "Morazan" );; line 33692 (wfb::administrative_division_of el_salvador adm_div_el_salvador_departments "San Miguel" );; line 33692 (wfb::administrative_division_of el_salvador adm_div_el_salvador_departments "San Salvador" );; line 33692 (wfb::administrative_division_of el_salvador adm_div_el_salvador_departments "Santa Ana" );; line 33692 (wfb::administrative_division_of el_salvador adm_div_el_salvador_departments "San Vicente" );; line 33692 (wfb::administrative_division_of el_salvador adm_div_el_salvador_departments "Sonsonate" );; line 33692 (wfb::administrative_division_of el_salvador adm_div_el_salvador_departments "Usulutan" );; line 33692 (wfb::independence el_salvador date_15_sep_1821 "Spain" );; line 33698 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1821 );; line 33702 (wfb::comment national_holiday el_salvador "1821" );; line 33702 (wfb::national_holiday el_salvador "Independence Day" date_15_sep );; line 33702 (wfb::constitution el_salvador "20 December 1983" );; line 33706 (wfb::legal_system el_salvador "based on civil and Roman law, with traces of common law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations" );; line 33710 (wfb::comment suffrage el_salvador " universal" );; line 33716 (wfb::suffrage el_salvador (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 33716 (wfb::comment executive_branch el_salvador chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "Vice President Enrique BORGO Bustamante (since 1 June 1994) election last held 20 March 1994 (next to be held March 1999)" );; line 33721 (wfb::comment executive_branch el_salvador chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "results - Armando CALDERON SOL (ARENA) 49.03%, Ruben ZAMORA Rivas (CD/FMLN/MNR) 24.09%, Fidel CHAVEZ Mena (PDC) 16.39%, other 10.49%" );; line 33721 (wfb::comment executive_branch el_salvador chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "because no candidate received a majority, a run-off election was held 24 April 1994" );; line 33721 (wfb::comment executive_branch el_salvador chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "results - Armando CALDERON SOL (ARENA) 68.35%, Ruben ZAMORA Rivas (CD/FMLN/MNR) 31.65%" );; line 33721 (wfb::executive_branch el_salvador chief_of_state "President Armando CALDERON SOL " date_1_jun_1994 );; line 33721 (wfb::executive_branch el_salvador head_of_government "President Armando CALDERON SOL " date_1_jun_1994 );; line 33721 (wfb::executive_branch el_salvador cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 33729 (wfb::legislative_structure el_salvador unicameral n/a );; line 33733 (wfb::legislative_branch el_salvador "Legislative Assembly (Asamblea Legislativa)" "elections last held 20 March 1994 (next to be held March 1997); results - ARENA 46.4%, FMLN 25.0%, PDC 21.4%, PCN 4.8%, other 2.4%; seats - (84 total) ARENA 39, FMLN 21, PDC 18, PCN 4, other 2" );; line 33735 (wfb::judicial_branch el_salvador "Supreme Court (Corte Suprema)" );; line 33741 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders el_salvador "National Republican Alliance (ARENA), Juan Jose DOMENECH, president; Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front (FMLN), Salvador SANCHEZ Ceren (aka Leonel GONZALEZ), general coordinator; Christian Democratic Party (PDC), Ronal UMANA, secretary general; National Conciliation Party (PCN), Ciro CRUZ Zepeda, secretary general; Democratic Convergence (CD), Juan Jose MARTEL, secretary general; Unity Movement, Jorge MARTINEZ Menendez, president" );; line 33745 (wfb::comment political_parties_and_leaders el_salvador "newly formed parties not yet officially recognized by the Supreme Electoral Tribunal: Liberal Democratic Party (PLD), Kirio Waldo SALGADO, founder; Social Democratic Party (breakaway from FMLN), Joaquin VILLALOBOS, founder; Social Christian Renovation Movement (MRSC) (breakaway from PDC), Abraham RODRIGUEZ, founder" );; line 33752 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups el_salvador labor_organizations "Salvadoran Communal Union (UCS), peasant association; General Confederation of Workers (CGT), moderate; United Workers Front (FUT)" );; line 33761 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups el_salvador business_organizations "Productive Alliance (AP), conservative; National Federation of Salvadoran Small Businessmen (FENAPES), conservative" );; line 33764 (wfb::member_of el_salvador bcie );; line 33769 (wfb::member_of el_salvador cacm );; line 33769 (wfb::member_of el_salvador eclac );; line 33769 (wfb::member_of el_salvador fao );; line 33769 (wfb::member_of el_salvador g-77 );; line 33769 (wfb::member_of el_salvador gatt );; line 33769 (wfb::member_of el_salvador iadb );; line 33769 (wfb::member_of el_salvador iaea );; line 33769 (wfb::member_of el_salvador ibrd );; line 33769 (wfb::member_of el_salvador icao );; line 33769 (wfb::member_of el_salvador icftu );; line 33769 (wfb::member_of el_salvador icrm );; line 33769 (wfb::member_of el_salvador ida );; line 33769 (wfb::member_of el_salvador ifad );; line 33769 (wfb::member_of el_salvador ifc );; line 33769 (wfb::member_of el_salvador ifrcs );; line 33769 (wfb::member_of el_salvador ilo );; line 33769 (wfb::member_of el_salvador imf );; line 33769 (wfb::member_of el_salvador imo );; line 33769 (wfb::member_of el_salvador intelsat );; line 33769 (wfb::member_of el_salvador interpol );; line 33769 (wfb::member_of el_salvador ioc );; line 33769 (wfb::member_of el_salvador iom );; line 33769 (wfb::member_of el_salvador itu );; line 33769 (wfb::member_of el_salvador laes );; line 33769 (wfb::member_of el_salvador laia );; line 33769 (wfb::comment member_of el_salvador laia "observer" );; line 33769 (wfb::member_of el_salvador nam );; line 33769 (wfb::comment member_of el_salvador nam "observer" );; line 33769 (wfb::member_of el_salvador oas );; line 33769 (wfb::member_of el_salvador opanal );; line 33769 (wfb::member_of el_salvador pca );; line 33769 (wfb::member_of el_salvador un );; line 33769 (wfb::member_of el_salvador unctad );; line 33769 (wfb::member_of el_salvador unesco );; line 33769 (wfb::member_of el_salvador unido );; line 33769 (wfb::member_of el_salvador upu );; line 33769 (wfb::member_of el_salvador wcl );; line 33769 (wfb::member_of el_salvador wftu );; line 33769 (wfb::member_of el_salvador who );; line 33769 (wfb::member_of el_salvador wipo );; line 33769 (wfb::member_of el_salvador wmo );; line 33769 (wfb::member_of el_salvador wto );; line 33769 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us el_salvador chief_of_mission "Ambassador Ana Cristina SOL" );; line 33777 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us el_salvador chancery "2308 California Street NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 33779 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us el_salvador telephone "[1] (202) 265-9671, 9672" );; line 33781 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us el_salvador |consulate(s) general| "Chicago, Dallas, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New Orleans, New York, and San Francisco" );; line 33783 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation el_salvador chief_of_mission "Ambassador Alan H. FLANIGAN" );; line 33789 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation el_salvador embassy "Final Boulevard, Station Antiguo Cuscatlan, San Salvador" );; line 33791 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation el_salvador mailing_address "Unit 3116, San Salvador; APO AA 34023" );; line 33793 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation el_salvador telephone "[503] 78-4444" );; line 33795 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation el_salvador fax "[503] 78-6011" );; line 33797 (wfb::flag el_salvador "three equal horizontal bands of blue (top), white, and blue with the national coat of arms centered in the white band; the coat of arms features a round emblem encircled by the words REPUBLICA DE EL SALVADOR EN LA AMERICA CENTRAL; similar to the flag of Nicaragua, which has a different coat of arms centered in the white band - it features a triangle encircled by the words REPUBLICA DE NICARAGUA on top and AMERICA CENTRAL on the bottom; also similar to the flag of Honduras, which has five blue stars arranged in an X pattern centered in the white band" );; line 33801 (wfb::overview el_salvador "The agricultural sector accounts for 24% of GDP, employs about 40% of the labor force, and contributes about 66% to total exports. Coffee is the major commercial crop, accounting for 45% of export earnings. The manufacturing sector, based largely on food and beverage processing, accounts for 19% of GDP and 15% of employment. In 1992-94 the government made substantial progress toward privatization and deregulation of the economy. Growth in national output in 1991-94 nearly averaged 5%, exceeding growth in population for the first time since 1987; and inflation in 1994 of 10% was down from 19% in 1993." );; line 33813 (wfb::estimation-date national_product el_salvador date_1994 );; line 33825 (wfb::national_product el_salvador (* 9.8e9 $) );; line 33825 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate el_salvador date_1994 );; line 33829 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate el_salvador (* 5 %) );; line 33829 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita el_salvador date_1994 );; line 33833 (wfb::national_product_per_capita el_salvador (* 1710 $) );; line 33833 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| el_salvador "10% (1994 est.)" );; line 33837 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate el_salvador date_1993 );; line 33841 (wfb::unemployment_rate el_salvador (* 6.7 %) );; line 33841 (wfb::budget el_salvador revenues (* 846e6 $) );; line 33846 (wfb::estimation-date budget el_salvador date_1992 );; line 33848 (wfb::budget el_salvador expenditures (* 890e6 $) );; line 33848 (wfb::budget el_salvador capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 33848 (wfb::exports el_salvador (* 823e6 $) );; line 33852 (wfb::exports el_salvador commodities coffee n/a );; line 33854 (wfb::exports el_salvador commodities sugarcane n/a );; line 33854 (wfb::exports el_salvador commodities shrimp n/a );; line 33854 (wfb::exports el_salvador partners us n/a );; line 33856 (wfb::exports el_salvador partners guatemala n/a );; line 33856 (wfb::exports el_salvador partners costa_rica n/a );; line 33856 (wfb::exports el_salvador partners germany n/a );; line 33856 (wfb::imports el_salvador (* 2.1e9 $) );; line 33860 (wfb::imports el_salvador commodities raw_materials n/a );; line 33862 (wfb::imports el_salvador commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 33862 (wfb::imports el_salvador commodities capital_goods n/a );; line 33862 (wfb::imports el_salvador partners us n/a );; line 33864 (wfb::imports el_salvador partners guatemala n/a );; line 33864 (wfb::imports el_salvador partners mexico n/a );; line 33864 (wfb::imports el_salvador partners venezuela n/a );; line 33864 (wfb::imports el_salvador partners germany n/a );; line 33864 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt el_salvador date_dec_1992 );; line 33868 (wfb::external_debt el_salvador (* 2.6e9 $) );; line 33868 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 33872 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production el_salvador date_1993 );; line 33872 (wfb::industrial_production el_salvador growth_rate (* 7.6 %) );; line 33872 (wfb::electricity el_salvador capacity (* 750000 kw) );; line 33877 (wfb::electricity el_salvador production (* 2.4e9 kwh) );; line 33879 (wfb::measurement-date electricity el_salvador consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 33881 (wfb::electricity el_salvador consumption_per_capita (* 408 kwh) );; line 33881 (wfb::industry el_salvador food_processing );; line 33885 (wfb::industry el_salvador beverages-industry );; line 33885 (wfb::industry el_salvador petroleum-industry );; line 33885 (wfb::industry el_salvador nonmetallic_products );; line 33885 (wfb::industry el_salvador tobacco-industry );; line 33885 (wfb::industry el_salvador chemicals );; line 33885 (wfb::industry el_salvador textiles );; line 33885 (wfb::industry el_salvador furniture );; line 33885 (wfb::agriculture el_salvador "accounts for 24% of GDP and 40% of labor force (including fishing and forestry); coffee most important commercial crop; other products - sugarcane, corn, rice, beans, oilseeds, beef, dairy products, shrimp; not self-sufficient in food" );; line 33890 (wfb::illicit_drugs el_salvador "transshipment point for cocaine; marijuana produced for local consumption" );; line 33897 (wfb::economic_aid el_salvador recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-90), $2.95 billion (plus $250 million for 1992-96); Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $525 million" );; line 33903 (wfb::abbreviation salvadoran_colon "C" );; line 33909 (wfb::currency el_salvador salvadoran_colon 100 centavos );; line 33909 (wfb::exchange_rates el_salvador "Salvadoran colones (C) per US$1 - 8.760 (January 1995), 8.750 (1994), 8.670 (1993), 8.4500 (1992), 8.080 (1991), 8.0300 (1990)" );; line 33913 (wfb::fiscal_year el_salvador date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 33918 (wfb::railroads el_salvador total "602 km (single track; note - some sections abandoned, unusable, or operating at reduced capacity)" );; line 33924 (wfb::railroads el_salvador narrow_gauge "602 km 0.914-m gauge" );; line 33927 (wfb::highways el_salvador total (* 10000 km) );; line 33932 (wfb::highways el_salvador paved (* 1500 km) );; line 33934 (wfb::highways el_salvador gravel (* 4100 km) );; line 33936 (wfb::highways el_salvador (union improved unimproved_earth ) (* 4400 km) );; line 33936 (wfb::inland_waterways el_salvador "Rio Lempa partially navigable" );; line 33940 (wfb::port el_salvador acajutla-el_salvador );; line 33944 (wfb::port el_salvador puerto_cutuco-el_salvador );; line 33944 (wfb::port el_salvador la_libertad-el_salvador );; line 33944 (wfb::port el_salvador la_union-el_salvador );; line 33944 (wfb::port el_salvador puerto_el_triunfo-el_salvador );; line 33944 (wfb::merchant_marine el_salvador "none" );; line 33948 (wfb::airports el_salvador total 106 );; line 33953 (wfb::airports el_salvador |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 33955 (wfb::airports el_salvador |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 2 );; line 33957 (wfb::airports el_salvador |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 2 );; line 33959 (wfb::airports el_salvador with_paved_runways_under_914_m 78 );; line 33961 (wfb::airports el_salvador |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 23 );; line 33963 (wfb::telephone_system el_salvador "116,000 telephones; 21 telephones/1,000 persons" );; line 33968 (wfb::telephone_system el_salvador local "NA" );; line 33970 (wfb::telephone_system el_salvador intercity "nationwide microwave radio relay system" );; line 33972 (wfb::telephone_system el_salvador international "1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station; connected to Central American Microwave System" );; line 33974 (wfb::radio el_salvador broadcast_stations am 77 );; line 33980 (wfb::radio el_salvador broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 33980 (wfb::radio el_salvador broadcast_stations shortwave 2 );; line 33980 (wfb::radio el_salvador radios n/a );; line 33982 (wfb::television el_salvador broadcast_stations 5 );; line 33987 (wfb::television el_salvador televisions n/a );; line 33989 (wfb::defense_branch el_salvador army_el_salvador );; line 33995 (wfb::defense_branch el_salvador navy_el_salvador );; line 33995 (wfb::defense_branch el_salvador air_force_el_salvador );; line 33995 (wfb::manpower_availability el_salvador "males age 15-49 1,393,480; males fit for military service 892,958; males reach military age (18) annually 77,562 (1995 est.)" );; line 33999 (wfb::estimation-date defense_expenditures el_salvador date_1995 );; line 34004 (wfb::markup-parameter figure equatorial_guinea "graphno=\"ek.tif\"" );; line 34011 (wfb::location equatorial_guinea "Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Cameroon and Gabon" );; line 34015 (wfb::map_references equatorial_guinea "Africa" );; line 34020 (wfb::area equatorial_guinea total_area (* 28050 sq_km) );; line 34025 (wfb::area equatorial_guinea land_area (* 28050 sq_km) );; line 34027 (wfb::area equatorial_guinea comparative_area "slightly larger than Maryland" );; line 34029 (wfb::borders equatorial_guinea total (* 539 km) );; line 34033 (wfb::borders equatorial_guinea cameroon (* 189 km) );; line 34033 (wfb::borders equatorial_guinea gabon (* 350 km) );; line 34033 (wfb::coastline equatorial_guinea (* 296 km) );; line 34037 (wfb::maritime_claims equatorial_guinea exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 34042 (wfb::maritime_claims equatorial_guinea territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 34044 (wfb::international_disputes equatorial_guinea "maritime boundary dispute with Gabon because of disputed sovereignty over islands in Corisco Bay" );; line 34048 (wfb::climate equatorial_guinea "tropical" );; line 34053 (wfb::climate equatorial_guinea "always hot, humid" );; line 34053 (wfb::terrain equatorial_guinea "coastal plains rise to interior hills" );; line 34057 (wfb::terrain equatorial_guinea "islands are volcanic" );; line 34057 (wfb::natural-resource equatorial_guinea timber );; line 34061 (wfb::natural-resource equatorial_guinea petroleum );; line 34061 (wfb::natural-resource equatorial_guinea small_unexploited_deposits_of_gold );; line 34061 (wfb::natural-resource equatorial_guinea manganese );; line 34061 (wfb::natural-resource equatorial_guinea uranium );; line 34061 (wfb::land_use equatorial_guinea arable_land (* 8 %) );; line 34067 (wfb::land_use equatorial_guinea permanent_crops (* 4 %) );; line 34069 (wfb::land_use equatorial_guinea meadows_and_pastures (* 4 %) );; line 34071 (wfb::land_use equatorial_guinea forest_and_woodland (* 51 %) );; line 34073 (wfb::land_use equatorial_guinea other (* 33 %) );; line 34075 (wfb::irrigated_land equatorial_guinea (* n/a sq_km) );; line 34079 (wfb::environment equatorial_guinea current_issues "tap water is not potable" );; line 34084 (wfb::environment equatorial_guinea current_issues "desertification" );; line 34084 (wfb::environment equatorial_guinea natural_hazards "violent windstorms" );; line 34086 (wfb::environment equatorial_guinea international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Endangered Species, Nuclear Test Ban" );; line 34088 (wfb::environment equatorial_guinea international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Desertification, Law of the Sea" );; line 34088 (wfb::note equatorial_guinea "insular and continental regions rather widely separated" );; line 34093 (wfb::estimation-date population equatorial_guinea date_jul_1995 );; line 34099 (wfb::population equatorial_guinea 420293 );; line 34099 (wfb::age_structure equatorial_guinea 0-14_years (* 43 %) );; line 34104 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex equatorial_guinea 0-14_years female 90404 );; line 34104 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex equatorial_guinea 0-14_years male 90997 );; line 34104 (wfb::age_structure equatorial_guinea 15-64_years (* 53 %) );; line 34106 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex equatorial_guinea 15-64_years female 117124 );; line 34106 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex equatorial_guinea 15-64_years male 105724 );; line 34106 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure equatorial_guinea 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 34108 (wfb::age_structure equatorial_guinea 65_years_and_over (* 4 %) );; line 34108 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex equatorial_guinea 65_years_and_over female 8969 );; line 34108 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex equatorial_guinea 65_years_and_over male 7075 );; line 34108 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate equatorial_guinea date_1995 );; line 34112 (wfb::population_growth_rate equatorial_guinea (* 2.59 %) );; line 34112 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate equatorial_guinea date_1995 );; line 34116 (wfb::birth_rate equatorial_guinea (* 40.22 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 34116 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate equatorial_guinea date_1995 );; line 34120 (wfb::death_rate equatorial_guinea (* 14.36 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 34120 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate equatorial_guinea date_1995 );; line 34124 (wfb::net_migration_rate equatorial_guinea (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 34124 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate equatorial_guinea date_1995 );; line 34128 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate equatorial_guinea (* 100.2 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 34128 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth equatorial_guinea total_population (* 52.56 years) );; line 34133 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth equatorial_guinea male (* 50.39 years) );; line 34135 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth equatorial_guinea female date_1995 );; line 34137 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth equatorial_guinea female (* 54.79 years) );; line 34137 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate equatorial_guinea date_1995 );; line 34141 (wfb::total_fertility_rate equatorial_guinea (* 5.23 children_born/woman) );; line 34141 (wfb::nationality equatorial_guinea noun "Equatorial Guinean(s) or Equatoguinean(s)" );; line 34146 (wfb::nationality equatorial_guinea adjective "Equatorial Guinean or Equatoguinean" );; line 34148 (wfb::ethnic-entity equatorial_guinea bioko n/a );; line 34152 (wfb::ethnic-entity equatorial_guinea rio_muni n/a );; line 34152 (wfb::ethnic-entity equatorial_guinea |Europeans less than 1,000| n/a );; line 34152 (wfb::ethnic-entity equatorial_guinea mostly_spanish n/a );; line 34152 (wfb::language equatorial_guinea spanish-language-group n/a );; line 34162 (wfb::comment language equatorial_guinea spanish-language-group "official" );; line 34162 (wfb::language equatorial_guinea pidgin_english n/a );; line 34162 (wfb::language equatorial_guinea fang n/a );; line 34162 (wfb::language equatorial_guinea bubi n/a );; line 34162 (wfb::language equatorial_guinea ibo n/a );; line 34162 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition equatorial_guinea date_1983 );; line 34166 (wfb::literacy-condition equatorial_guinea "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 34166 (wfb::literacy equatorial_guinea total_population (* 62 %) );; line 34168 (wfb::literacy equatorial_guinea male (* 77 %) );; line 34170 (wfb::literacy equatorial_guinea female (* 48 %) );; line 34172 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force equatorial_guinea date_1986 );; line 34176 (wfb::total_labor_force equatorial_guinea 172000 );; line 34176 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force equatorial_guinea by_occupation date_1980 );; line 34178 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1980 );; line 34178 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation equatorial_guinea agriculture (* 66 %) );; line 34178 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation equatorial_guinea services (* 23 %) );; line 34178 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation equatorial_guinea industry (* 11 %) );; line 34178 (wfb::comment labor_force equatorial_guinea "labor shortages on plantations" );; line 34180 (wfb::names equatorial_guinea conventional_long_form "Republic of Equatorial Guinea" );; line 34186 (wfb::names equatorial_guinea conventional_short_form "Equatorial Guinea" );; line 34188 (wfb::names equatorial_guinea local_long_form "Republica de Guinea Ecuatorial" );; line 34190 (wfb::names equatorial_guinea local_short_form "Guinea Ecuatorial" );; line 34192 (wfb::names equatorial_guinea former "Spanish Guinea" );; line 34194 (wfb::digraph equatorial_guinea "EK" );; line 34198 (wfb::type equatorial_guinea "republic in transition to multiparty democracy" );; line 34202 (wfb::capital equatorial_guinea malabo-equatorial_guinea );; line 34206 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_equatorial_guinea_provinces "provinces" "provincias" "provincia" );; line 34210 (wfb::administrative_divisions equatorial_guinea adm_div_equatorial_guinea_provinces 7 );; line 34210 (wfb::administrative_division_of equatorial_guinea adm_div_equatorial_guinea_provinces "Annobon" );; line 34210 (wfb::administrative_division_of equatorial_guinea adm_div_equatorial_guinea_provinces "Bioko Norte" );; line 34210 (wfb::administrative_division_of equatorial_guinea adm_div_equatorial_guinea_provinces "Bioko Sur" );; line 34210 (wfb::administrative_division_of equatorial_guinea adm_div_equatorial_guinea_provinces "Centro Sur" );; line 34210 (wfb::administrative_division_of equatorial_guinea adm_div_equatorial_guinea_provinces "Kie-Ntem" );; line 34210 (wfb::administrative_division_of equatorial_guinea adm_div_equatorial_guinea_provinces "Litoral" );; line 34210 (wfb::administrative_division_of equatorial_guinea adm_div_equatorial_guinea_provinces "Wele-Nzas" );; line 34210 (wfb::independence equatorial_guinea date_12_oct_1968 "Spain" );; line 34215 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1968 );; line 34219 (wfb::comment national_holiday equatorial_guinea "1968" );; line 34219 (wfb::national_holiday equatorial_guinea "Independence Day" date_12_oct );; line 34219 (wfb::constitution equatorial_guinea "new constitution 17 November 1991" );; line 34223 (wfb::legal_system equatorial_guinea "partly based on Spanish civil law and tribal custom" );; line 34227 (wfb::comment executive_branch equatorial_guinea chief_of_state "election last held 25 June 1989 (next to be held 25 June 1996)" );; line 34236 (wfb::comment executive_branch equatorial_guinea chief_of_state "results - President Brig. Gen. (Ret.) Teodoro OBIANG NGUEMA MBASOGO was reelected without opposition" );; line 34236 (wfb::executive_branch equatorial_guinea chief_of_state "President Brig. Gen. (Ret.) Teodoro OBIANG NGUEMA MBASOGO " date_3_aug_1979 );; line 34236 (wfb::comment executive_branch equatorial_guinea head_of_government "Vice Prime Minister Anatolio NDONG MBA (since November 1993)" );; line 34241 (wfb::executive_branch equatorial_guinea head_of_government "Prime Minister Silvestre SIALE BILEKA " date_17_jan_1992 );; line 34241 (wfb::comment executive_branch equatorial_guinea cabinet "appointed by the president" );; line 34244 (wfb::executive_branch equatorial_guinea cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 34244 (wfb::legislative_structure equatorial_guinea unicameral n/a );; line 34248 (wfb::legislative_branch equatorial_guinea "House of People's Representatives" "(Camara de Representantes del Pueblo) elections last held 21 November 1993; seats - (82 total) PDGE 72, various opposition parties 10" );; line 34250 (wfb::judicial_branch equatorial_guinea "Supreme Tribunal" );; line 34255 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders equatorial_guinea ruling_party "Democratic Party for Equatorial Guinea (PDGE), Brig. Gen. (Ret.) Teodoro OBIANG NGUEMA MBASOGO, party leader" );; line 34260 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders equatorial_guinea opposition_parties "Progressive Democratic Alliance (ADP), Antonio-Ebang Mbele Abang, president; Popular Action of Equatorial Guinea (APGE),Casiano Masi Edu, leader; Liberal Democratic Convention (CLD), Alfonso Nsue MOKUY, president; Convergence for Social Democracy (CPDS),Santiago Obama Ndong, president; Social Democratic and Popular Convergence (CSDP), Secundino Oyono Agueng Ada, general secretary; Party of the Social Democratic Coalition (PCSD), Buenaventura Moswi M'Asumu, general coordinater; Liberal Party (PL), leaders unknown; Party of Progress (PP), Severo MOTO Nsa, president; Social Democratic Party (PSD), Benjamin-Gabriel Balingha Balinga Alene, general secretary; Socialist Party of Equatorial Guinea (PSGE), Tomas MICHEBE Fernandez, general secretary; National Democratic Union (UDENA), Jose MECHEBA Ikaka, president; Democratic Social Union (UDS), Jesus Nze Obama Avomo, general secretary; Popular Union (UP), Juan Bitui, president" );; line 34263 (wfb::member_of equatorial_guinea acct );; line 34279 (wfb::member_of equatorial_guinea acp );; line 34279 (wfb::member_of equatorial_guinea afdb );; line 34279 (wfb::member_of equatorial_guinea bdeac );; line 34279 (wfb::member_of equatorial_guinea ceeac );; line 34279 (wfb::member_of equatorial_guinea eca );; line 34279 (wfb::member_of equatorial_guinea fao );; line 34279 (wfb::member_of equatorial_guinea fz );; line 34279 (wfb::member_of equatorial_guinea g-77 );; line 34279 (wfb::member_of equatorial_guinea ibrd );; line 34279 (wfb::member_of equatorial_guinea icao );; line 34279 (wfb::member_of equatorial_guinea ida );; line 34279 (wfb::member_of equatorial_guinea ifad );; line 34279 (wfb::member_of equatorial_guinea ifc );; line 34279 (wfb::member_of equatorial_guinea ifrcs );; line 34279 (wfb::comment member_of equatorial_guinea ifrcs "associate" );; line 34279 (wfb::member_of equatorial_guinea ilo );; line 34279 (wfb::member_of equatorial_guinea imf );; line 34279 (wfb::member_of equatorial_guinea imo );; line 34279 (wfb::member_of equatorial_guinea intelsat );; line 34279 (wfb::comment member_of equatorial_guinea intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 34279 (wfb::member_of equatorial_guinea interpol );; line 34279 (wfb::member_of equatorial_guinea ioc );; line 34279 (wfb::member_of equatorial_guinea itu );; line 34279 (wfb::member_of equatorial_guinea nam );; line 34279 (wfb::member_of equatorial_guinea oas );; line 34279 (wfb::comment member_of equatorial_guinea oas "observer" );; line 34279 (wfb::member_of equatorial_guinea oau );; line 34279 (wfb::member_of equatorial_guinea udeac );; line 34279 (wfb::member_of equatorial_guinea un );; line 34279 (wfb::member_of equatorial_guinea unctad );; line 34279 (wfb::member_of equatorial_guinea unesco );; line 34279 (wfb::member_of equatorial_guinea unido );; line 34279 (wfb::member_of equatorial_guinea upu );; line 34279 (wfb::member_of equatorial_guinea who );; line 34279 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us equatorial_guinea chief_of_mission "(vacant); Charge d'Affaires ad interim Teodoro Biyogo NSUE" );; line 34287 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us equatorial_guinea chancery "(temporary) 57 Magnolia Avenue, Mount Vernon, NY 10553" );; line 34289 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us equatorial_guinea telephone "[1] (914) 738-9584, 667-6913" );; line 34291 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us equatorial_guinea fax "[1] (914) 667-6838" );; line 34293 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation equatorial_guinea chief_of_mission "Charge d'Affaires Joseph P. O'NEILL" );; line 34298 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation equatorial_guinea embassy "Calle de Los Ministros, Malabo" );; line 34300 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation equatorial_guinea mailing_address "P.O. Box 597, Malabo" );; line 34302 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation equatorial_guinea telephone "[240] (9) 21-85, 24-06, 25-07" );; line 34304 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation equatorial_guinea fax "[240] (9) 21-64" );; line 34306 (wfb::flag equatorial_guinea "three equal horizontal bands of green (top), white, and red with a blue isosceles triangle based on the hoist side and the coat of arms centered in the white band; the coat of arms has six yellow six-pointed stars (representing the mainland and five offshore islands) above a gray shield bearing a silk-cotton tree and below which is a scroll with the motto UNIDAD, PAZ, JUSTICIA (Unity, Peace, Justice)" );; line 34310 (wfb::overview equatorial_guinea "Agriculture, forestry, and fishing account for about half of GDP and nearly all exports. Subsistence farming predominates. Although pre-independence Equatorial Guinea counted on cocoa production for hard currency earnings, the deterioration of the rural economy under successive brutal regimes has diminished potential for agriculture-led growth. A number of aid programs sponsored by the World Bank and the international donor community have failed to revitalize export agriculture. Businesses for the most part are owned by government officials and their family members. Commerce accounts for about 8% of GDP and the construction, public works, and service sectors for about 38%. Undeveloped natural resources include titanium, iron ore, manganese, uranium, and alluvial gold. Oil exploration, taking place under concessions offered to US, French, and Spanish firms, has been moderately successful. Increased production from recently discovered natural gas fields will provide a greater share of exports in 1995." );; line 34320 (wfb::estimation-date national_product equatorial_guinea date_1993 );; line 34337 (wfb::national_product equatorial_guinea (* 280e6 $) );; line 34337 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate equatorial_guinea date_1993 );; line 34341 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate equatorial_guinea (* 7.3 %) );; line 34341 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita equatorial_guinea date_1993 );; line 34345 (wfb::national_product_per_capita equatorial_guinea (* 700 $) );; line 34345 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| equatorial_guinea "1.6% (1992 est.)" );; line 34349 (wfb::unemployment_rate equatorial_guinea (* n/a %) );; line 34353 (wfb::budget equatorial_guinea revenues (* 32.5e6 $) );; line 34358 (wfb::estimation-date budget equatorial_guinea date_1992 );; line 34360 (wfb::budget equatorial_guinea expenditures (* 35.9e6 $) );; line 34360 (wfb::budget equatorial_guinea capital_expenditures (* 3e6 $) );; line 34360 (wfb::exports equatorial_guinea (* 56e6 $) );; line 34365 (wfb::exports equatorial_guinea commodities coffee n/a );; line 34367 (wfb::exports equatorial_guinea commodities timber-commodity n/a );; line 34367 (wfb::exports equatorial_guinea commodities cocoa_beans n/a );; line 34367 (wfb::measurement-date exports equatorial_guinea date_1992 );; line 34369 (wfb::exports equatorial_guinea partners spain (* 55.2 %) );; line 34369 (wfb::exports equatorial_guinea partners nigeria (* 11.4 %) );; line 34369 (wfb::exports equatorial_guinea partners cameroon (* 9.1 %) );; line 34369 (wfb::imports equatorial_guinea (* 62e6 $) );; line 34373 (wfb::imports equatorial_guinea commodities petroleum-commodity n/a );; line 34375 (wfb::imports equatorial_guinea commodities food n/a );; line 34375 (wfb::imports equatorial_guinea commodities beverages n/a );; line 34375 (wfb::imports equatorial_guinea commodities clothing-commodity n/a );; line 34375 (wfb::imports equatorial_guinea commodities machinery n/a );; line 34375 (wfb::measurement-date imports equatorial_guinea date_1992 );; line 34377 (wfb::imports equatorial_guinea partners cameroon (* 23.1 %) );; line 34377 (wfb::imports equatorial_guinea partners spain (* 21.8 %) );; line 34377 (wfb::imports equatorial_guinea partners france (* 14.1 %) );; line 34377 (wfb::imports equatorial_guinea partners us (* 4.3 %) );; line 34377 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt equatorial_guinea date_1992 );; line 34381 (wfb::external_debt equatorial_guinea (* 260e6 $) );; line 34381 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 34385 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production equatorial_guinea date_1993 );; line 34385 (wfb::industrial_production equatorial_guinea growth_rate (* 11.3 %) );; line 34385 (wfb::electricity equatorial_guinea capacity (* 23000 kw) );; line 34390 (wfb::electricity equatorial_guinea production (* 20e6 kwh) );; line 34392 (wfb::measurement-date electricity equatorial_guinea consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 34394 (wfb::electricity equatorial_guinea consumption_per_capita (* 50 kwh) );; line 34394 (wfb::industry equatorial_guinea fishing-industry );; line 34398 (wfb::industry equatorial_guinea sawmilling );; line 34398 (wfb::agriculture equatorial_guinea "accounts for almost 50% of GDP, cash crops - timber and coffee from Rio Muni, cocoa from Bioko; food crops - rice, yams, cassava, bananas, oil palm nuts, manioc, livestock" );; line 34402 (wfb::economic_aid equatorial_guinea recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY81-89), $14 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $130 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $55 million" );; line 34409 (wfb::abbreviation cfa_franc "CFAF" );; line 34415 (wfb::currency equatorial_guinea cfa_franc 100 centimes );; line 34415 (wfb::exchange_rates equatorial_guinea "Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (CFAF) per US$1 - 529.43 (January 1995), 555.20 (1994), 273,16 (1993), 264.69 (1992), 282.11 (1991), 272.26 (1990)" );; line 34419 (wfb::comment exchange_rates equatorial_guinea "beginning 12 January 1994, the CFA franc was devalued to CFAF 100 per French franc from CFAF 50 at which it had been fixed since 1948" );; line 34423 (wfb::fiscal_year equatorial_guinea date_1_apr date_31_mar );; line 34428 (wfb::railroads equatorial_guinea total "0 km" );; line 34434 (wfb::comment highways equatorial_guinea total "2,460 km on Rio Muni and 300 km on Bioko" );; line 34439 (wfb::port equatorial_guinea bata-equatorial_guinea );; line 34447 (wfb::port equatorial_guinea luba-equatorial_guinea );; line 34447 (wfb::port equatorial_guinea malabo-equatorial_guinea );; line 34447 (wfb::merchant_marine equatorial_guinea total "2 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 6,412 GRT/6,699 DWT" );; line 34452 (wfb::merchant_marine equatorial_guinea ships_by_type "cargo 1, passenger-cargo 1" );; line 34454 (wfb::airports equatorial_guinea total 3 );; line 34459 (wfb::airports equatorial_guinea |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 34461 (wfb::airports equatorial_guinea |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 1 );; line 34463 (wfb::airports equatorial_guinea with_paved_runways_under_914_m 1 );; line 34465 (wfb::telephone_system equatorial_guinea "2,000 telephones; poor system with adequate government services" );; line 34470 (wfb::telephone_system equatorial_guinea local "NA" );; line 34472 (wfb::telephone_system equatorial_guinea intercity "NA" );; line 34474 (wfb::telephone_system equatorial_guinea international "international communications from Bata and Malabo to African and European countries; 1 Indian Ocean INTELSAT earth station" );; line 34476 (wfb::radio equatorial_guinea broadcast_stations am 2 );; line 34482 (wfb::radio equatorial_guinea broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 34482 (wfb::radio equatorial_guinea broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 34482 (wfb::radio equatorial_guinea radios n/a );; line 34484 (wfb::television equatorial_guinea broadcast_stations 1 );; line 34489 (wfb::television equatorial_guinea televisions n/a );; line 34491 (wfb::defense_branch equatorial_guinea army_equatorial_guinea );; line 34497 (wfb::defense_branch equatorial_guinea navy_equatorial_guinea );; line 34497 (wfb::defense_branch equatorial_guinea air_force_equatorial_guinea );; line 34497 (wfb::defense_branch equatorial_guinea rapid_intervention_force_equatorial_guinea );; line 34497 (wfb::defense_branch equatorial_guinea national_police_equatorial_guinea );; line 34497 (wfb::manpower_availability equatorial_guinea "males age 15-49 89,752; males fit for military service 45,611 (1995 est.)" );; line 34501 (wfb::for-fiscal-year defense_expenditures equatorial_guinea 93 );; line 34506 (wfb::defense_expenditures equatorial_guinea (* 2.5e6 $) );; line 34506 (wfb::defense_expenditures equatorial_guinea (* n/a %_of_gdp) );; line 34506 (wfb::markup-parameter figure eritrea "graphno=\"er.tif\"" );; line 34512 (wfb::location eritrea "Eastern Africa, bordering the Red Sea, between Djibouti and Sudan" );; line 34516 (wfb::map_references eritrea "Africa" );; line 34520 (wfb::area eritrea total_area (* 121320 sq_km) );; line 34525 (wfb::area eritrea land_area (* 121320 sq_km) );; line 34527 (wfb::area eritrea comparative_area "slightly larger than Pennsylvania" );; line 34529 (wfb::borders eritrea total (* 1630 km) );; line 34533 (wfb::borders eritrea djibouti (* 113 km) );; line 34533 (wfb::borders eritrea ethiopia (* 912 km) );; line 34533 (wfb::borders eritrea sudan (* 605 km) );; line 34533 (wfb::comment coastline eritrea "land and island coastline is 2,234 km" );; line 34537 (wfb::coastline eritrea (* 1151 km) );; line 34537 (wfb::international_disputes eritrea "none" );; line 34545 (wfb::climate eritrea "hot, dry desert strip along Red Sea coast" );; line 34549 (wfb::climate eritrea "cooler and wetter in the central highlands (up to 61 cm of rainfall annually)" );; line 34549 (wfb::climate eritrea "semiarid in western hills and lowlands" );; line 34549 (wfb::climate eritrea "rainfall heaviest during June-September except on coastal desert" );; line 34549 (wfb::terrain eritrea "dominated by extension of Ethiopian north-south trending highlands, descending on the east to a coastal desert plain, on the northwest to hilly terrain and on the southwest to flat-to-rolling plains" );; line 34556 (wfb::natural-resource eritrea gold );; line 34562 (wfb::natural-resource eritrea potash );; line 34562 (wfb::natural-resource eritrea zinc );; line 34562 (wfb::natural-resource eritrea copper );; line 34562 (wfb::natural-resource eritrea salt );; line 34562 (wfb::natural-resource eritrea |probably oil (petroleum geologists are prospecting for it)| );; line 34562 (wfb::natural-resource eritrea fish );; line 34562 (wfb::land_use eritrea arable_land (* 3 %) );; line 34568 (wfb::comment land_use eritrea permanent_crops "coffee" );; line 34570 (wfb::land_use eritrea permanent_crops (* 2 %) );; line 34570 (wfb::land_use eritrea meadows_and_pastures (* 40 %) );; line 34572 (wfb::land_use eritrea forest_and_woodland (* 5 %) );; line 34574 (wfb::land_use eritrea other (* 50 %) );; line 34576 (wfb::irrigated_land eritrea (* n/a sq_km) );; line 34580 (wfb::environment eritrea current_issues "famine" );; line 34585 (wfb::environment eritrea current_issues "deforestation" );; line 34585 (wfb::environment eritrea current_issues "desertification" );; line 34585 (wfb::environment eritrea current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 34585 (wfb::environment eritrea current_issues "overgrazing" );; line 34585 (wfb::environment eritrea current_issues "loss of infrastructure from civil warfare" );; line 34585 (wfb::environment eritrea natural_hazards "frequent droughts" );; line 34588 (wfb::environment eritrea international_agreements "party to - Endangered Species" );; line 34590 (wfb::environment eritrea international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Desertification" );; line 34590 (wfb::note eritrea "strategic geopolitical position along world's busiest shipping lanes; Eritrea retained the entire coastline of Ethiopia along the Red Sea upon de jure independence from Ethiopia on 27 April 1993" );; line 34595 (wfb::estimation-date population eritrea date_jul_1995 );; line 34603 (wfb::population eritrea 3578709 );; line 34603 (wfb::age_structure eritrea 0-14_years (* 43 %) );; line 34608 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex eritrea 0-14_years female 763416 );; line 34608 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex eritrea 0-14_years male 774922 );; line 34608 (wfb::age_structure eritrea 15-64_years (* 54 %) );; line 34610 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex eritrea 15-64_years female 965124 );; line 34610 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex eritrea 15-64_years male 965435 );; line 34610 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure eritrea 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 34612 (wfb::age_structure eritrea 65_years_and_over (* 3 %) );; line 34612 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex eritrea 65_years_and_over female 52950 );; line 34612 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex eritrea 65_years_and_over male 56862 );; line 34612 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate eritrea date_1995 );; line 34616 (wfb::population_growth_rate eritrea (* 9.04 %) );; line 34616 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate eritrea date_1995 );; line 34620 (wfb::birth_rate eritrea (* 44.34 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 34620 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate eritrea date_1995 );; line 34624 (wfb::death_rate eritrea (* 15.67 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 34624 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate eritrea date_1995 );; line 34628 (wfb::net_migration_rate eritrea (* n/a |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 34628 (wfb::comment net_migration_rate eritrea "repatriation of up to a half million Eritrean refugees in Sudan is now underway; 100,000 are expected to return during 1995" );; line 34630 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate eritrea date_1995 );; line 34635 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate eritrea (* 120.6 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 34635 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth eritrea total_population (* 50 years) );; line 34640 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth eritrea male (* 48.28 years) );; line 34642 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth eritrea female date_1995 );; line 34644 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth eritrea female (* 51.78 years) );; line 34644 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate eritrea date_1995 );; line 34648 (wfb::total_fertility_rate eritrea (* 6.53 children_born/woman) );; line 34648 (wfb::nationality eritrea noun "Eritrean(s)" );; line 34653 (wfb::nationality eritrea adjective "Eritrean" );; line 34655 (wfb::ethnic-entity eritrea ethnic_tigrays (* 50 %) );; line 34659 (wfb::ethnic-entity eritrea tigre_and_kunama (* 40 %) );; line 34659 (wfb::ethnic-entity eritrea afar (* 4 %) );; line 34659 (wfb::ethnic-entity eritrea |Saho (Red Sea coast dwellers)| (* 3 %) );; line 34659 (wfb::religion eritrea muslim n/a );; line 34664 (wfb::religion eritrea coptic_christian n/a );; line 34664 (wfb::religion eritrea roman_catholic n/a );; line 34664 (wfb::religion eritrea protestant n/a );; line 34664 (wfb::language eritrea tigre n/a );; line 34668 (wfb::language eritrea kunama n/a );; line 34668 (wfb::language eritrea cushitic_dialects n/a );; line 34668 (wfb::language eritrea tigre n/a );; line 34668 (wfb::language eritrea nora_bana n/a );; line 34668 (wfb::language eritrea arabic n/a );; line 34668 (wfb::total_labor_force eritrea n/a );; line 34672 (wfb::names eritrea conventional_long_form "State of Eritrea" );; line 34678 (wfb::names eritrea conventional_short_form "Eritrea" );; line 34680 (wfb::names eritrea former "Eritrea Autonomous Region in Ethiopia" );; line 34686 (wfb::digraph eritrea "ER" );; line 34690 (wfb::type eritrea "transitional government" );; line 34694 (wfb::comment type eritrea "on 29 May 1991 ISAIAS Afworke, secretary general of the Peoples' Front for Democracy and Justice (PFDJ), which then served and still serves as the country's legislative body, announced the formation of the Provisional Government in Eritrea (PGE) in preparation for the 23-25 April 1993 referendum on independence for the autonomous region of Eritrea; the result was a landslide vote for independence which was proclaimed on 27 April 1993" );; line 34696 (wfb::comment capital eritrea "formerly Asmera" );; line 34705 (wfb::capital eritrea asmara-eritrea );; line 34705 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_eritrea_provinces "provinces" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 34709 (wfb::administrative_divisions eritrea adm_div_eritrea_provinces 9 );; line 34709 (wfb::administrative_division_of eritrea adm_div_eritrea_provinces "Akole Guzay" );; line 34709 (wfb::administrative_division_of eritrea adm_div_eritrea_provinces "Baraka" );; line 34709 (wfb::administrative_division_of eritrea adm_div_eritrea_provinces "Danakil" );; line 34709 (wfb::administrative_division_of eritrea adm_div_eritrea_provinces "Hamasen" );; line 34709 (wfb::administrative_division_of eritrea adm_div_eritrea_provinces "Sahil" );; line 34709 (wfb::administrative_division_of eritrea adm_div_eritrea_provinces "Samhar" );; line 34709 (wfb::administrative_division_of eritrea adm_div_eritrea_provinces "Senhit" );; line 34709 (wfb::administrative_division_of eritrea adm_div_eritrea_provinces "Seraye" );; line 34709 (wfb::administrative_division_of eritrea adm_div_eritrea_provinces "Sahil" );; line 34709 (wfb::comment independence eritrea "; formerly the Eritrea Autonomous Region" );; line 34714 (wfb::independence eritrea date_27_may_1993 "Ethiopia" );; line 34714 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1993 );; line 34719 (wfb::comment national_holiday eritrea "1993" );; line 34719 (wfb::constitution eritrea "transitional \"constitution\" decreed 19 May 1993" );; line 34723 (wfb::legal_system eritrea "NA" );; line 34727 (wfb::executive_branch eritrea chief_of_state "President ISAIAS Afworke " date_22_may_1993 );; line 34736 (wfb::executive_branch eritrea head_of_government "President ISAIAS Afworke " date_22_may_1993 );; line 34736 (wfb::comment executive_branch eritrea cabinet "the collective executive authority" );; line 34738 (wfb::executive_branch eritrea cabinet "State Council" );; line 34738 (wfb::comment executive_branch eritrea "election to be held before 20 May 1997" );; line 34740 (wfb::legislative_structure eritrea unicameral n/a );; line 34744 (wfb::legislative_branch eritrea "National Assembly" "PFDJ Central Committee serves as the country's legislative body until country-wide elections are held (before 20 May 1997)" );; line 34746 (wfb::judicial_branch eritrea "Judiciary" );; line 34751 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders eritrea "People's Front for Democracy and Justice (PFDJ), ISAIAS Afworke, PETROS Solomon (the only party recognized by the government)" );; line 34755 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups eritrea "Eritrean Islamic Jihad (EIJ); Islamic Militant Group; Eritrean Liberation Front (ELF), ABDULLAH Muhammed; Eritrean Liberation Front - United Organization (ELF-UO), Mohammed Said NAWUD; Eritrean Liberation Front - Revolutionary Council (ELF-RC), Ahmed NASSER" );; line 34760 (wfb::member_of eritrea acp );; line 34767 (wfb::member_of eritrea eca );; line 34767 (wfb::member_of eritrea fao );; line 34767 (wfb::member_of eritrea ibrd );; line 34767 (wfb::member_of eritrea icao );; line 34767 (wfb::member_of eritrea ida );; line 34767 (wfb::member_of eritrea ifad );; line 34767 (wfb::member_of eritrea igadd );; line 34767 (wfb::member_of eritrea ilo );; line 34767 (wfb::member_of eritrea imf );; line 34767 (wfb::member_of eritrea imo );; line 34767 (wfb::member_of eritrea intelsat );; line 34767 (wfb::comment member_of eritrea intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 34767 (wfb::member_of eritrea itu );; line 34767 (wfb::member_of eritrea oau );; line 34767 (wfb::member_of eritrea un );; line 34767 (wfb::member_of eritrea unctad );; line 34767 (wfb::member_of eritrea unesco );; line 34767 (wfb::member_of eritrea upu );; line 34767 (wfb::member_of eritrea wftu );; line 34767 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us eritrea chief_of_mission "Ambassador AMDEMICHAEL Berhane Khasai" );; line 34773 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us eritrea chancery "Suite 400, 910 17th Street NW, Washington, DC 20006" );; line 34775 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us eritrea telephone "[1] (202) 429-1991" );; line 34777 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us eritrea fax "[1] (202) 429-9004" );; line 34779 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation eritrea chief_of_mission "Ambassador Robert G. HOUDEK" );; line 34784 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation eritrea embassy "34 Zera Yacob St., Asmara" );; line 34786 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation eritrea mailing_address "P.O. Box 211, Asmara" );; line 34788 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation eritrea telephone "[291] (1) 120004" );; line 34790 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation eritrea fax "[291] (1) 127584" );; line 34792 (wfb::flag eritrea "red isosceles triangle (based on the hoist side) dividing the flag into two right triangles; the upper triangle is green, the lower one is blue; a gold wreath encircling a gold olive branch is centered on the hoist side of the red triangle" );; line 34796 (wfb::overview eritrea "With independence from Ethiopia on 27 April 1993, Eritrea faces the bitter economic problems of a small, desperately poor African country. Most of the population will continue to depend on subsistence farming. Domestic output is substantially augmented by worker remittances from abroad. Government revenues come from custom duties and income and sales taxes. Eritrea has inherited the entire coastline of Ethiopia and has long-term prospects for revenues from the development of offshore oil, offshore fishing, and tourism. For the time being, Ethiopia will be largely dependent on Eritrean ports for its foreign trade." );; line 34804 (wfb::estimation-date national_product eritrea date_1994 );; line 34816 (wfb::national_product eritrea (* 1.8e9 $) );; line 34816 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate eritrea date_1994 );; line 34820 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate eritrea (* 2 %) );; line 34820 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita eritrea date_1994 );; line 34824 (wfb::national_product_per_capita eritrea (* 500 $) );; line 34824 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| eritrea "NA%" );; line 34828 (wfb::unemployment_rate eritrea (* n/a %) );; line 34832 (wfb::budget eritrea revenues (* n/a $) );; line 34837 (wfb::budget eritrea expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 34839 (wfb::budget eritrea capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 34839 (wfb::exports eritrea (* n/a $) );; line 34843 (wfb::imports eritrea (* n/a $) );; line 34851 (wfb::external_debt eritrea (* n/a $) );; line 34859 (wfb::industrial_production eritrea growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 34863 (wfb::electricity eritrea capacity (* n/a kw) );; line 34868 (wfb::electricity eritrea production (* n/a kwh) );; line 34870 (wfb::electricity eritrea consumption_per_capita (* n/a kwh) );; line 34872 (wfb::industry eritrea food_processing );; line 34876 (wfb::industry eritrea beverages-industry );; line 34876 (wfb::industry eritrea clothing );; line 34876 (wfb::industry eritrea textiles );; line 34876 (wfb::agriculture eritrea "products - sorghum, livestock (including goats), fish, lentils, vegetables, maize, cotton, tobacco, coffee, sisal (for making rope)" );; line 34880 (wfb::economic_aid eritrea "$NA" );; line 34885 (wfb::abbreviation birr "Br" );; line 34889 (wfb::currency eritrea birr 100 |cents; at present, Ethiopian currency used| );; line 34889 (wfb::exchange_rates eritrea "1 birr (Br) per US$1 - 5.9500 (January 1995), 5.9500 (1994), 5.000 (fixed rate 1992-93); note - official rate pegged to US$" );; line 34893 (wfb::railroads eritrea total "307 km; note - nonoperational since 1978; links Ak'ordat and Asmara (formerly Asmera) with the port of Massawa (formerly Mits'iwa)" );; line 34904 (wfb::railroads eritrea narrow_gauge "307 km 1.000-m gauge (1993 est.)" );; line 34907 (wfb::highways eritrea total (* 3845 km) );; line 34912 (wfb::highways eritrea paved (* 807 km) );; line 34914 (wfb::highways eritrea gravel (* 840 km) );; line 34916 (wfb::highways eritrea improved_earth (* 402 km) );; line 34916 (wfb::highways eritrea unimproved_earth (* 1796 km) );; line 34916 (wfb::port eritrea assab-eritrea );; line 34920 (wfb::comment port eritrea assab-eritrea "Aseb" );; line 34920 (wfb::port eritrea massawa-eritrea );; line 34920 (wfb::comment port eritrea massawa-eritrea "Mits'iwa" );; line 34920 (wfb::merchant_marine eritrea "none" );; line 34924 (wfb::airports eritrea total 20 );; line 34929 (wfb::airports eritrea |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 34931 (wfb::airports eritrea |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 34933 (wfb::airports eritrea with_paved_runways_under_914_m 2 );; line 34935 (wfb::airports eritrea |with unpaved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 34937 (wfb::airports eritrea |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 2 );; line 34939 (wfb::airports eritrea |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 6 );; line 34941 (wfb::airports eritrea |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 7 );; line 34943 (wfb::telephone_system eritrea "NA" );; line 34948 (wfb::telephone_system eritrea local "NA" );; line 34950 (wfb::telephone_system eritrea intercity "NA" );; line 34952 (wfb::telephone_system eritrea international "NA" );; line 34954 (wfb::radio eritrea broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 34959 (wfb::radio eritrea radios n/a );; line 34961 (wfb::television eritrea broadcast_stations n/a );; line 34966 (wfb::television eritrea televisions n/a );; line 34968 (wfb::comment defense_branch eritrea |Eritrean People's Liberation Front_eritrea| "EPLF" );; line 34974 (wfb::defense_branch eritrea |Eritrean People's Liberation Front_eritrea| );; line 34974 (wfb::markup-parameter figure estonia "graphno=\"en.tif\"" );; line 34984 (wfb::location estonia "Eastern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea and Gulf of Finland, between Latvia and Russia" );; line 34988 (wfb::map_references estonia "Europe" );; line 34993 (wfb::area estonia total_area (* 45100 sq_km) );; line 34998 (wfb::area estonia land_area (* 43200 sq_km) );; line 35000 (wfb::area estonia comparative_area "slightly larger than New Hampshire and Vermont combined" );; line 35002 (wfb::comment area estonia "includes 1,520 islands in the Baltic Sea" );; line 35004 (wfb::borders estonia total (* 557 km) );; line 35008 (wfb::borders estonia latvia (* 267 km) );; line 35008 (wfb::borders estonia russia (* 290 km) );; line 35008 (wfb::coastline estonia (* 1393 km) );; line 35012 (wfb::maritime_claims estonia territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 35019 (wfb::international_disputes estonia "claims over 2,000 sq km of Russian territory in the Narva and Pechora regions - based on boundary established under the 1921 Peace Treaty of Tartu" );; line 35023 (wfb::climate estonia "maritime, wet, moderate winters, cool summers" );; line 35029 (wfb::terrain estonia "marshy, lowlands" );; line 35033 (wfb::natural-resource estonia shale_oil );; line 35037 (wfb::natural-resource estonia peat );; line 35037 (wfb::natural-resource estonia phosphorite );; line 35037 (wfb::natural-resource estonia amber );; line 35037 (wfb::land_use estonia arable_land (* 22 %) );; line 35042 (wfb::land_use estonia permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 35044 (wfb::land_use estonia meadows_and_pastures (* 11 %) );; line 35046 (wfb::land_use estonia forest_and_woodland (* 31 %) );; line 35048 (wfb::land_use estonia other (* 36 %) );; line 35050 (wfb::measurement-date irrigated_land estonia date_1990 );; line 35054 (wfb::irrigated_land estonia (* 110 sq_km) );; line 35054 (wfb::environment estonia current_issues "air heavily polluted with sulfur dioxide from oil-shale burning power plants in northeast" );; line 35059 (wfb::environment estonia current_issues "contamination of soil and groundwater with petroleum products, chemicals at military bases" );; line 35059 (wfb::environment estonia natural_hazards "flooding occurs frequently in the spring" );; line 35063 (wfb::environment estonia international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ship Pollution, Wetlands" );; line 35065 (wfb::estimation-date population estonia date_jul_1995 );; line 35072 (wfb::population estonia 1625399 );; line 35072 (wfb::age_structure estonia 0-14_years (* 22 %) );; line 35077 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex estonia 0-14_years female 174304 );; line 35077 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex estonia 0-14_years male 181101 );; line 35077 (wfb::age_structure estonia 15-64_years (* 65 %) );; line 35079 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex estonia 15-64_years female 549473 );; line 35079 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex estonia 15-64_years male 515426 );; line 35079 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure estonia 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 35081 (wfb::age_structure estonia 65_years_and_over (* 13 %) );; line 35081 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex estonia 65_years_and_over female 139722 );; line 35081 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex estonia 65_years_and_over male 65373 );; line 35081 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate estonia date_1995 );; line 35085 (wfb::population_growth_rate estonia (* 0.53 %) );; line 35085 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate estonia date_1995 );; line 35089 (wfb::birth_rate estonia (* 13.9 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 35089 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate estonia date_1995 );; line 35093 (wfb::death_rate estonia (* 11.93 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 35093 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate estonia date_1995 );; line 35097 (wfb::net_migration_rate estonia (* 3.31 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 35097 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate estonia date_1995 );; line 35101 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate estonia (* 18.7 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 35101 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth estonia total_population (* 70.17 years) );; line 35106 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth estonia male (* 65.2 years) );; line 35108 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth estonia female date_1995 );; line 35110 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth estonia female (* 75.39 years) );; line 35110 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate estonia date_1995 );; line 35114 (wfb::total_fertility_rate estonia (* 1.98 children_born/woman) );; line 35114 (wfb::nationality estonia noun "Estonian(s)" );; line 35119 (wfb::nationality estonia adjective "Estonian" );; line 35121 (wfb::measurement-date ethnic-entity date_1989 );; line 35125 (wfb::ethnic-entity estonia estonian (* 61.5 %) );; line 35125 (wfb::ethnic-entity estonia russian (* 30.3 %) );; line 35125 (wfb::ethnic-entity estonia ukrainian (* 3.17 %) );; line 35125 (wfb::ethnic-entity estonia byelorussian (* 1.8 %) );; line 35125 (wfb::ethnic-entity estonia finn (* 1.1 %) );; line 35125 (wfb::religion estonia lutheran n/a );; line 35130 (wfb::language estonia estonian-language-group n/a );; line 35134 (wfb::comment language estonia estonian-language-group "official" );; line 35134 (wfb::language estonia latvian n/a );; line 35134 (wfb::language estonia lithuanian n/a );; line 35134 (wfb::language estonia russian-language-group n/a );; line 35134 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition estonia date_1989 );; line 35138 (wfb::literacy-condition estonia "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 35138 (wfb::literacy estonia total_population (* 100 %) );; line 35140 (wfb::literacy estonia male (* 100 %) );; line 35142 (wfb::literacy estonia female (* 100 %) );; line 35144 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force estonia date_1992 );; line 35148 (wfb::total_labor_force estonia 750000 );; line 35148 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force estonia by_occupation date_1990 );; line 35150 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1990 );; line 35150 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation estonia industry_and_construction (* 42 %) );; line 35150 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation estonia agriculture_and_forestry (* 20 %) );; line 35150 (wfb::names estonia conventional_long_form "Republic of Estonia" );; line 35157 (wfb::names estonia conventional_short_form "Estonia" );; line 35159 (wfb::names estonia local_long_form "Eesti Vabariik" );; line 35161 (wfb::names estonia local_short_form "Eesti" );; line 35163 (wfb::names estonia former "Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic" );; line 35165 (wfb::digraph estonia "EN" );; line 35169 (wfb::type estonia "republic" );; line 35173 (wfb::capital estonia tallinn-estonia );; line 35177 (wfb::comment administrative_divisions estonia "county centers are in parentheses" );; line 35188 (wfb::independence estonia date_6_sep_1991 "Soviet Union" );; line 35192 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1918 );; line 35196 (wfb::comment national_holiday estonia "1918" );; line 35196 (wfb::national_holiday estonia "Independence Day" date_24_feb );; line 35196 (wfb::constitution estonia "adopted 28 June 1992" );; line 35200 (wfb::legal_system estonia "based on civil law system; no judicial review of legislative acts" );; line 35204 (wfb::comment suffrage estonia " universal" );; line 35208 (wfb::suffrage estonia (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 35208 (wfb::comment executive_branch estonia chief_of_state "election last held 20 September 1992" );; line 35213 (wfb::comment executive_branch estonia chief_of_state "(next to be held fall 1996)" );; line 35213 (wfb::comment executive_branch estonia chief_of_state "results - no candidate received majority" );; line 35213 (wfb::comment executive_branch estonia chief_of_state "newly elected Parliament elected Lennart MERI (21 October 1992)" );; line 35213 (wfb::executive_branch estonia chief_of_state "President Lennart MERI " date_21_oct_1992 );; line 35213 (wfb::executive_branch estonia head_of_government "Prime Minister Andres TARAND " date_oct_1994 );; line 35218 (wfb::comment executive_branch estonia cabinet "appointed by the prime minister, authorized by the legislature" );; line 35220 (wfb::executive_branch estonia cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 35220 (wfb::legislative_structure estonia unicameral n/a );; line 35225 (wfb::legislative_branch estonia "Parliament (Riigikogu)" "elections last held 5 March 1995 (next to be held NA 1998); results - KMU 32.22%, RE 16.18%, K 14.17%, Pro Patria and ERSP 7.85%, M 5.98%, Our Home is Estonia and Right-Wingers 5.0%; seats - (101 total) KMU 41, RE 19, K 16, Pro Patria 8, Our Home is Estonia 6, M 6, Right-Wingers 5" );; line 35227 (wfb::judicial_branch estonia "Supreme Court" );; line 35234 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders estonia "Coalition Party and Rural Union (KMU) made up of 4 parties: Coalition Party, Country People's Party, Farmer's Assembly, and Pensioners' and Families' League; Coalition Party, Tiit VAHI, chairman; Country People's Party, Arnold RUUTEL, chairman; Farmer's Assembly, Jaak-Hans KUKS, chairman; Pensioners' and Families' League; Reform Party-Liberals (RE), Siim KALLAS, chairman; Center Party (K), Edgar SAVISAAR, chairman; Union of Pro Patria (Isaama of Fatherland), Mart LAAR, chairman; National Independence Party (ERSP), Kelam TUNNE, chairman; Our Home is Estonia made up of 2 parties: United Peoples Party and the Russian Party in Estonia; United Peoples Party, Viktor ANDREJEV, chairman; Russian Party in Estonia, Sergei KUZNETSOV, chairman; Moderates (M) made up of 2 parties: Social Democratic Party and Rural Center Party; Social Democratic Party, Eiki NESTOR, chairman; Rural Center Party, Vambo KAAL, chairman; Right-Wingers, Ulo NUGIS, chairman" );; line 35238 (wfb::member_of estonia bis );; line 35254 (wfb::member_of estonia cbss );; line 35254 (wfb::member_of estonia ccc );; line 35254 (wfb::member_of estonia ce );; line 35254 (wfb::member_of estonia ebrd );; line 35254 (wfb::member_of estonia ece );; line 35254 (wfb::member_of estonia fao );; line 35254 (wfb::member_of estonia iaea );; line 35254 (wfb::member_of estonia ibrd );; line 35254 (wfb::member_of estonia icao );; line 35254 (wfb::member_of estonia icftu );; line 35254 (wfb::member_of estonia icrm );; line 35254 (wfb::member_of estonia ifc );; line 35254 (wfb::member_of estonia ilo );; line 35254 (wfb::member_of estonia imf );; line 35254 (wfb::member_of estonia imo );; line 35254 (wfb::member_of estonia interpol );; line 35254 (wfb::member_of estonia ioc );; line 35254 (wfb::member_of estonia iso );; line 35254 (wfb::comment member_of estonia iso "correspondent" );; line 35254 (wfb::member_of estonia itu );; line 35254 (wfb::member_of estonia nacc );; line 35254 (wfb::member_of estonia osce );; line 35254 (wfb::member_of estonia pfp );; line 35254 (wfb::member_of estonia un );; line 35254 (wfb::member_of estonia unctad );; line 35254 (wfb::member_of estonia unesco );; line 35254 (wfb::member_of estonia upu );; line 35254 (wfb::member_of estonia weu );; line 35254 (wfb::comment member_of estonia weu "associate partner" );; line 35254 (wfb::member_of estonia who );; line 35254 (wfb::member_of estonia wipo );; line 35254 (wfb::member_of estonia wmo );; line 35254 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us estonia chief_of_mission "Ambassador Toomas Hendrik ILVES" );; line 35261 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us estonia chancery "1030 15th Street NW, Washington, DC 20005, Suite 1000" );; line 35263 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us estonia telephone "[1] (202) 789-0320" );; line 35265 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us estonia fax "[1] (202) 789-0471" );; line 35267 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us estonia |consulate(s) general| "New York" );; line 35269 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation estonia chief_of_mission "(vacant); Charge d'Affaires Keith SMITH" );; line 35274 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation estonia embassy "Kentmanni 20, Tallinn EE 0001" );; line 35276 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation estonia mailing_address "use embassy street address" );; line 35278 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation estonia telephone "[372] (2) 312-021 through 024" );; line 35280 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation estonia fax "[372] (2) 312-025" );; line 35282 (wfb::flag estonia "pre-1940 flag restored by Supreme Soviet in May 1990 - three equal horizontal bands of blue (top), black, and white" );; line 35286 (wfb::overview estonia "Bolstered by a widespread national desire to reintegrate into Western Europe, the Estonian government has pursued an ambitious program of market reforms and stabilization measures, which is rapidly transforming the economy. Three years after independence - and two years after the introduction of the kroon - Estonians are beginning to reap tangible benefits; inflation, though still high, was brought down to about 2% per month in second half 1994; production declines have bottomed out with estimated growth of 4% in 1994; and living standards are rising. Economic restructuring has been dramatic. By 1994 the service sector accounted for over 55% of GDP, while the once-dominant heavy industrial sector continues to shrink. The private sector is growing rapidly; the share of the state enterprises in the economy has steadily declined and by late 1994 accounted for only about 40% of GDP. Estonia's foreign trade has shifted rapidly from East to West; the Western industrialized countries now account for two-thirds of foreign trade." );; line 35292 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate estonia date_1994 );; line 35314 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate estonia (* 4 %) );; line 35314 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita estonia date_1994 );; line 35318 (wfb::national_product_per_capita estonia (* 6460 $) );; line 35318 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| estonia "3.3% per month (1994 average)" );; line 35322 (wfb::budget estonia revenues (* 643e6 $) );; line 35332 (wfb::estimation-date budget estonia date_1993 );; line 35334 (wfb::budget estonia expenditures (* 639e6 $) );; line 35334 (wfb::budget estonia capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 35334 (wfb::exports estonia (* 1.65e9 $) );; line 35338 (wfb::measurement-date exports estonia date_1993 );; line 35340 (wfb::exports estonia commodities textile (* 14 %) );; line 35340 (wfb::exports estonia commodities food_products (* 11 %) );; line 35340 (wfb::exports estonia commodities vehicles (* 11 %) );; line 35340 (wfb::exports estonia commodities metals (* 11 %) );; line 35340 (wfb::exports estonia partners russia n/a );; line 35342 (wfb::exports estonia partners finland n/a );; line 35342 (wfb::exports estonia partners sweden n/a );; line 35342 (wfb::exports estonia partners germany n/a );; line 35342 (wfb::imports estonia (* 1e9 $) );; line 35346 (wfb::measurement-date imports estonia date_1993 );; line 35348 (wfb::imports estonia commodities machinery (* 18 %) );; line 35348 (wfb::imports estonia commodities fuels (* 15 %) );; line 35348 (wfb::imports estonia commodities vehicles (* 14 %) );; line 35348 (wfb::imports estonia commodities textiles-commodity (* 10 %) );; line 35348 (wfb::imports estonia partners finland n/a );; line 35350 (wfb::imports estonia partners russia n/a );; line 35350 (wfb::imports estonia partners germany n/a );; line 35350 (wfb::imports estonia partners sweden n/a );; line 35350 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 35358 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production estonia date_1993 );; line 35358 (wfb::industrial_production estonia growth_rate (* -27 %) );; line 35358 (wfb::electricity estonia capacity (* 3420000 kw) );; line 35363 (wfb::electricity estonia production (* 11.3e9 kwh) );; line 35365 (wfb::measurement-date electricity estonia consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 35367 (wfb::electricity estonia consumption_per_capita (* 6528 kwh) );; line 35367 (wfb::industry estonia oil_shale );; line 35371 (wfb::industry estonia shipbuilding );; line 35371 (wfb::industry estonia phosphates-industry );; line 35371 (wfb::industry estonia electric_motors );; line 35371 (wfb::industry estonia excavators );; line 35371 (wfb::industry estonia cement );; line 35371 (wfb::industry estonia furniture );; line 35371 (wfb::industry estonia clothing );; line 35371 (wfb::industry estonia textiles );; line 35371 (wfb::industry estonia paper );; line 35371 (wfb::industry estonia shoes );; line 35371 (wfb::industry estonia apparel );; line 35371 (wfb::agriculture estonia "accounts for 10% of GDP; employs 20% of work force; very efficient by Soviet standards; net exports of meat, fish, dairy products, and potatoes; imports of feedgrains for livestock; fruits and vegetables" );; line 35376 (wfb::illicit_drugs estonia "transshipment point for illicit drugs from Central and Southwest Asia and Latin America to Western Europe; very limited illicit opium producer; mostly for domestic consumption" );; line 35382 (wfb::economic_aid estonia recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (1992), $10 million" );; line 35389 (wfb::comment currency estonia "introduced in August 1992" );; line 35393 (wfb::abbreviation estonian_kroon "EEK" );; line 35393 (wfb::currency estonia estonian_kroon 100 |cents (introduced in August 1992)| );; line 35393 (wfb::exchange_rates estonia "kroons (EEK) per US$1 - 12.25 (January 1995); note - kroons are tied to the German Deutschmark at a fixed rate of 8 to 1" );; line 35397 (wfb::fiscal_year estonia date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 35402 (wfb::railroads estonia total "1,030 km common carrier lines only; does not include dedicated industrial lines" );; line 35408 (wfb::railroads estonia broad_gauge "1,030 km 1.520-m gauge (1990)" );; line 35411 (wfb::highways estonia total (* 30300 km) );; line 35416 (wfb::highways estonia paved_or_graveled (* 29200 km) );; line 35418 (wfb::measurement-date highways estonia date_1990 );; line 35420 (wfb::comment highways estonia unpaved "1990" );; line 35420 (wfb::measurement-date highways estonia unpaved earth date_1990 );; line 35420 (wfb::highways estonia earth (* 1100 km) );; line 35420 (wfb::inland_waterways estonia "500 km perennially navigable" );; line 35424 (wfb::measurement-date pipelines date_1992 );; line 35428 (wfb::comment pipelines estonia "1992" );; line 35428 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 420 km) );; line 35428 (wfb::port estonia haapsalu-estonia );; line 35432 (wfb::port estonia narva-estonia );; line 35432 (wfb::port estonia novotallin-estonia );; line 35432 (wfb::port estonia paldiski-estonia );; line 35432 (wfb::port estonia parnu-estonia );; line 35432 (wfb::port estonia tallinn-estonia );; line 35432 (wfb::merchant_marine estonia total "65 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 415,332 GRT/532,749 DWT" );; line 35437 (wfb::merchant_marine estonia ships_by_type "bulk 6, cargo 44, container 2, oil tanker 2, roll-on/roll-off cargo 7, short-sea passenger 4" );; line 35439 (wfb::airports estonia total 22 );; line 35445 (wfb::airports estonia |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 7 );; line 35447 (wfb::airports estonia |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 3 );; line 35449 (wfb::airports estonia |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 35451 (wfb::airports estonia |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 2 );; line 35453 (wfb::airports estonia |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 4 );; line 35455 (wfb::airports estonia with_unpaved_runways_under_914_m 5 );; line 35457 (wfb::telephone_system estonia "about 400,000 telephones; 246 telephones/1,000 persons; telephone system is antiquated; improvements are being made piecemeal, with emphasis on business needs and international connections; there are still about 150,000 unfulfilled requests for telephone service" );; line 35462 (wfb::telephone_system estonia local "NA" );; line 35467 (wfb::telephone_system estonia intercity "NA" );; line 35469 (wfb::telephone_system estonia international "international traffic is carried to the other former USSR republics by land line or microwave and to other countries partly by leased connection to the Moscow international gateway switch, and partly by a new Tallinn-Helsinki fiber optic submarine cable which gives Estonia access to international circuits everywhere; substantial investment has been made in cellular systems which are operational throughout Estonia and also Latvia and which have access to the international packet switched digital network via Helsinki" );; line 35471 (wfb::radio estonia broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 35482 (wfb::radio estonia radios n/a );; line 35484 (wfb::television estonia televisions n/a );; line 35492 (wfb::defense_branch estonia ground_forces_estonia );; line 35498 (wfb::defense_branch estonia navy_estonia );; line 35498 (wfb::comment defense_branch estonia air_and_air_defense_force_estonia "not officially sanctioned" );; line 35498 (wfb::defense_branch estonia air_and_air_defense_force_estonia );; line 35498 (wfb::defense_branch estonia maritime_border_guard_estonia );; line 35498 (wfb::comment defense_branch estonia volunteer_defense_league_estonia "Kaitseliit" );; line 35498 (wfb::defense_branch estonia volunteer_defense_league_estonia );; line 35498 (wfb::comment defense_branch estonia security_forces_estonia "internal and border troops" );; line 35498 (wfb::defense_branch estonia security_forces_estonia );; line 35498 (wfb::defense_branch estonia coast_guard_estonia );; line 35498 (wfb::manpower_availability estonia "males age 15-49 396,588; males fit for military service 311,838; males reach military age (18) annually 11,915 (1995 est.)" );; line 35504 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures estonia date_1995 );; line 35509 (wfb::markup-parameter figure ethiopia "graphno=\"et.tif\"" );; line 35516 (wfb::location ethiopia "Eastern Africa, west of Somalia" );; line 35520 (wfb::map_references ethiopia "Africa" );; line 35524 (wfb::area ethiopia total_area (* 1127127 sq_km) );; line 35529 (wfb::area ethiopia land_area (* 1119683 sq_km) );; line 35531 (wfb::area ethiopia comparative_area "slightly less than twice the size of Texas" );; line 35533 (wfb::borders ethiopia total (* 5311 km) );; line 35537 (wfb::borders ethiopia djibouti (* 337 km) );; line 35537 (wfb::borders ethiopia eritrea (* 912 km) );; line 35537 (wfb::borders ethiopia kenya (* 830 km) );; line 35537 (wfb::borders ethiopia somalia (* 1626 km) );; line 35537 (wfb::borders ethiopia sudan (* 1606 km) );; line 35537 (wfb::maritime_claims ethiopia "none; landlocked" );; line 35546 (wfb::international_disputes ethiopia "southern half of the boundary with Somalia is a Provisional Administrative Line" );; line 35550 (wfb::international_disputes ethiopia "territorial dispute with Somalia over the Ogaden" );; line 35550 (wfb::climate ethiopia "tropical monsoon with wide topographic-induced variation" );; line 35555 (wfb::terrain ethiopia "high plateau with central mountain range divided by Great Rift Valley" );; line 35559 (wfb::natural-resource ethiopia small_reserves_of_gold );; line 35564 (wfb::natural-resource ethiopia platinum );; line 35564 (wfb::natural-resource ethiopia copper );; line 35564 (wfb::natural-resource ethiopia potash );; line 35564 (wfb::land_use ethiopia arable_land (* 12 %) );; line 35569 (wfb::land_use ethiopia permanent_crops (* 1 %) );; line 35571 (wfb::land_use ethiopia meadows_and_pastures (* 41 %) );; line 35573 (wfb::land_use ethiopia forest_and_woodland (* 24 %) );; line 35575 (wfb::land_use ethiopia other (* 22 %) );; line 35577 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land ethiopia date_1989 );; line 35581 (wfb::irrigated_land ethiopia (* 1620 sq_km) );; line 35581 (wfb::environment ethiopia current_issues "deforestation" );; line 35586 (wfb::environment ethiopia current_issues "overgrazing" );; line 35586 (wfb::environment ethiopia current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 35586 (wfb::environment ethiopia current_issues "desertification" );; line 35586 (wfb::environment ethiopia current_issues "famine" );; line 35586 (wfb::environment ethiopia natural_hazards "geologically active Great Rift Valley susceptible to earthquakes, volcanic eruptions" );; line 35588 (wfb::environment ethiopia natural_hazards "frequent droughts" );; line 35588 (wfb::environment ethiopia international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Ozone Layer Protection" );; line 35591 (wfb::environment ethiopia international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Desertification, Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban" );; line 35591 (wfb::note ethiopia "landlocked - entire coastline along the Red Sea was lost with the de jure independence of Eritrea on 27 April 1993" );; line 35597 (wfb::estimation-date population ethiopia date_jul_1995 );; line 35604 (wfb::population ethiopia 55979018 );; line 35604 (wfb::comment population ethiopia "Ethiopian demographic data, except population and population growth rate, include Eritrea" );; line 35606 (wfb::age_structure ethiopia 0-14_years (* 46 %) );; line 35612 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex ethiopia 0-14_years female 12782345 );; line 35612 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex ethiopia 0-14_years male 12802187 );; line 35612 (wfb::age_structure ethiopia 15-64_years (* 52 %) );; line 35614 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex ethiopia 15-64_years female 14352059 );; line 35614 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex ethiopia 15-64_years male 14511342 );; line 35614 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure ethiopia 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 35616 (wfb::age_structure ethiopia 65_years_and_over (* 2 %) );; line 35616 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex ethiopia 65_years_and_over female 815974 );; line 35616 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex ethiopia 65_years_and_over male 715111 );; line 35616 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate ethiopia date_1995 );; line 35620 (wfb::population_growth_rate ethiopia (* 3.09 %) );; line 35620 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate ethiopia date_1995 );; line 35624 (wfb::birth_rate ethiopia (* 46.68 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 35624 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate ethiopia date_1995 );; line 35628 (wfb::death_rate ethiopia (* 15.77 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 35628 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate ethiopia date_1995 );; line 35632 (wfb::net_migration_rate ethiopia (* n/a |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 35632 (wfb::comment net_migration_rate ethiopia "repatriation of Ethiopian refugees from Sudan, Kenya and Somalia, where they had taken refuge from war and famine in earlier years, is expected to continue in 1995; additional influxes of Sudanese and Somalis fleeing fighting in their countries can be expected in 1995" );; line 35634 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate ethiopia date_1995 );; line 35641 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate ethiopia (* 120.6 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 35641 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth ethiopia total_population (* 50 years) );; line 35646 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth ethiopia male (* 48.28 years) );; line 35648 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth ethiopia female date_1995 );; line 35650 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth ethiopia female (* 51.78 years) );; line 35650 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate ethiopia date_1995 );; line 35654 (wfb::total_fertility_rate ethiopia (* 7.07 children_born/woman) );; line 35654 (wfb::nationality ethiopia noun "Ethiopian(s)" );; line 35659 (wfb::nationality ethiopia adjective "Ethiopian" );; line 35661 (wfb::ethnic-entity ethiopia oromo (* 40 %) );; line 35665 (wfb::ethnic-entity ethiopia amhara_and_tigrean (* 32 %) );; line 35665 (wfb::ethnic-entity ethiopia sidamo (* 9 %) );; line 35665 (wfb::ethnic-entity ethiopia shankella (* 6 %) );; line 35665 (wfb::ethnic-entity ethiopia somali (* 6 %) );; line 35665 (wfb::ethnic-entity ethiopia afar (* 4 %) );; line 35665 (wfb::ethnic-entity ethiopia gurage (* 2 %) );; line 35665 (wfb::religion ethiopia muslim_45% (* -50 %) );; line 35670 (wfb::religion ethiopia ethiopian_orthodox_35% (* -40 %) );; line 35670 (wfb::religion ethiopia animist (* 12 %) );; line 35670 (wfb::language ethiopia amharic n/a );; line 35674 (wfb::comment language ethiopia amharic "official" );; line 35674 (wfb::language ethiopia tigrinya n/a );; line 35674 (wfb::language ethiopia orominga n/a );; line 35674 (wfb::language ethiopia guaraginga n/a );; line 35674 (wfb::language ethiopia somali-language-group n/a );; line 35674 (wfb::language ethiopia arabic n/a );; line 35674 (wfb::language ethiopia english n/a );; line 35674 (wfb::comment language ethiopia english "major foreign language taught in schools" );; line 35674 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition ethiopia date_1984 );; line 35679 (wfb::literacy-condition ethiopia "age 10 and over can read and write" );; line 35679 (wfb::literacy ethiopia total_population (* 24 %) );; line 35681 (wfb::literacy ethiopia male (* 33 %) );; line 35683 (wfb::literacy ethiopia female (* 16 %) );; line 35685 (wfb::total_labor_force ethiopia 18e6 );; line 35689 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force ethiopia by_occupation date_1985 );; line 35691 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1985 );; line 35691 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation ethiopia agriculture_and_animal_husbandry (* 80 %) );; line 35691 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation ethiopia government_and_services (* 12 %) );; line 35691 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation ethiopia industry_and_construction (* 8 %) );; line 35691 (wfb::names ethiopia conventional_short_form "Ethiopia" );; line 35700 (wfb::names ethiopia local_short_form "Ityop'iya" );; line 35704 (wfb::digraph ethiopia "ET" );; line 35708 (wfb::type ethiopia "transitional government" );; line 35712 (wfb::comment type ethiopia "on 28 May 1991 the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) toppled the authoritarian government of MENGISTU Haile-Mariam and took control in Addis Ababa; a new constitution was promulgated in December 1994 and national and regional elections are scheduled for May 1995; the administrative regions will elect regional assemblies by popular vote; the National Assembly will have two chambers - one elected by popular vote and the other selected as representatives by the regional assemblies; the lower house of the National Assembly will select or confirm the president, the prime minister and the cabinet officers and judges; the prime minister will be the chief executive officer and the duties of the president will be mostly ceremonial" );; line 35714 (wfb::capital ethiopia addis_ababa-ethiopia );; line 35728 (wfb::comment administrative_divisions ethiopia "the following named four administrative regions may have been abolished and their territories distributed among the remaining ten regions: Kefa, Omo, Sidama, and Wolayta" );; line 35736 (wfb::comment national_holiday ethiopia "defeat of Mengistu regime" );; line 35747 (wfb::national_holiday ethiopia "National Day" date_28_may );; line 35747 (wfb::constitution ethiopia "new constitution promulgated in December 1994" );; line 35751 (wfb::legal_system ethiopia "NA" );; line 35755 (wfb::comment suffrage ethiopia " universal" );; line 35759 (wfb::suffrage ethiopia (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 35759 (wfb::comment executive_branch ethiopia chief_of_state "appointed by the Council of Representatives following the military defeat of the MENGISTU government" );; line 35764 (wfb::comment executive_branch ethiopia chief_of_state "following the elections to the National Assembly scheduled for May 1995 the lower house of the National Assembly will nominate a new president" );; line 35764 (wfb::executive_branch ethiopia chief_of_state "President MELES Zenawi " date_1_jun_1991 );; line 35764 (wfb::comment executive_branch ethiopia head_of_government "a new prime minister will be designated by the party in power following the elections to the General Assembly in May 1995" );; line 35769 (wfb::executive_branch ethiopia head_of_government "Prime Minister TAMIRAT Layne " date_6_jun_1991 );; line 35769 (wfb::comment executive_branch ethiopia cabinet "presently designated by the chairman of the Council of Representatives" );; line 35773 (wfb::comment executive_branch ethiopia cabinet "under the new constitution and following the elections in May 1995 the cabinet officers will be selected by the prime minister" );; line 35773 (wfb::executive_branch ethiopia cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 35773 (wfb::legislative_branch ethiopia "Constituent Assembly" "elections were held on 5 June 1994; results - government parties swept almost all seats; in December 1994 the Constituent Assembly ratified the new constitution with few changes; the new constitution prescribes two chambers for the new National Assembly - one which is elected by popular vote and one which represents the ethnic interests of the regional governments" );; line 35781 (wfb::judicial_branch ethiopia "Supreme Court" );; line 35789 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders ethiopia "Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF), MELES Zenawi;" );; line 35793 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups ethiopia "Oromo Liberation Front (OLF); All Amhara People's Organization; Southern Ethiopia People's Democratic Coalition; numerous small, ethnic-based groups have formed since Mengistu's resignation, including several Islamic militant groups" );; line 35798 (wfb::member_of ethiopia acp );; line 35805 (wfb::member_of ethiopia afdb );; line 35805 (wfb::member_of ethiopia ccc );; line 35805 (wfb::member_of ethiopia eca );; line 35805 (wfb::member_of ethiopia fao );; line 35805 (wfb::member_of ethiopia g-24 );; line 35805 (wfb::member_of ethiopia g-77 );; line 35805 (wfb::member_of ethiopia iaea );; line 35805 (wfb::member_of ethiopia ibrd );; line 35805 (wfb::member_of ethiopia icao );; line 35805 (wfb::member_of ethiopia icrm );; line 35805 (wfb::member_of ethiopia ida );; line 35805 (wfb::member_of ethiopia ifad );; line 35805 (wfb::member_of ethiopia ifc );; line 35805 (wfb::member_of ethiopia ifrcs );; line 35805 (wfb::member_of ethiopia igadd );; line 35805 (wfb::member_of ethiopia ilo );; line 35805 (wfb::member_of ethiopia imf );; line 35805 (wfb::member_of ethiopia imo );; line 35805 (wfb::member_of ethiopia intelsat );; line 35805 (wfb::member_of ethiopia interpol );; line 35805 (wfb::member_of ethiopia ioc );; line 35805 (wfb::member_of ethiopia iso );; line 35805 (wfb::member_of ethiopia itu );; line 35805 (wfb::member_of ethiopia nam );; line 35805 (wfb::member_of ethiopia oau );; line 35805 (wfb::member_of ethiopia un );; line 35805 (wfb::member_of ethiopia unctad );; line 35805 (wfb::member_of ethiopia unesco );; line 35805 (wfb::member_of ethiopia unhcr );; line 35805 (wfb::member_of ethiopia unido );; line 35805 (wfb::member_of ethiopia unu );; line 35805 (wfb::member_of ethiopia upu );; line 35805 (wfb::member_of ethiopia wftu );; line 35805 (wfb::member_of ethiopia who );; line 35805 (wfb::member_of ethiopia wmo );; line 35805 (wfb::member_of ethiopia wto );; line 35805 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us ethiopia chief_of_mission "Ambassador BERHANE Gebre-Christos" );; line 35812 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us ethiopia chancery "2134 Kalorama Road NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 35814 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us ethiopia telephone "[1] (202) 234-2281, 2282" );; line 35816 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us ethiopia fax "[1] (202) 328-7950" );; line 35818 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation ethiopia chief_of_mission "Ambassador Irvin HICKS" );; line 35823 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation ethiopia embassy "Entoto Street, Addis Ababa" );; line 35825 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation ethiopia mailing_address "P. O. Box 1014, Addis Ababa" );; line 35827 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation ethiopia telephone "[251] (1) 550666" );; line 35829 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation ethiopia fax "[251] (1) 552191" );; line 35831 (wfb::flag ethiopia "three equal horizontal bands of green (top), yellow, and red; Ethiopia is the oldest independent country in Africa, and the colors of her flag were so often adopted by other African countries upon independence that they became known as the pan-African colors" );; line 35835 (wfb::overview ethiopia "With the independence of Eritrea on 27 April 1993, Ethiopia continues to face difficult economic problems as one of the poorest and least developed countries in Africa. Its economy is based on agriculture, which accounts for about 45% of GDP, 90% of exports, and 80% of total employment; coffee generates 60% of export earnings. The agricultural sector suffers from frequent periods of drought, poor cultivation practices, and deterioration of internal security conditions. The manufacturing sector is heavily dependent on inputs from the agricultural sector. Over 90% of large-scale industry, but less than 10% of agriculture, is state run. The government is considering selling off a portion of state-owned plants, and is implementing reform measures that are gradually liberalizing the economy. A major medium-term problem is the improvement of roads, water supply, and other parts of an infrastructure badly neglected during years of civil strife." );; line 35843 (wfb::estimation-date national_product ethiopia date_1993 );; line 35859 (wfb::national_product ethiopia (* 20.3e9 $) );; line 35859 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate ethiopia date_1994 );; line 35863 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate ethiopia (* 3 %) );; line 35863 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita ethiopia date_1993 );; line 35867 (wfb::national_product_per_capita ethiopia (* 380 $) );; line 35867 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| ethiopia "10% (FY93/94)" );; line 35871 (wfb::unemployment_rate ethiopia (* n/a %) );; line 35875 (wfb::budget ethiopia revenues (* 1.2e9 $) );; line 35880 (wfb::for-fiscal-year budget ethiopia 93 );; line 35882 (wfb::budget ethiopia expenditures (* 1.7e9 $) );; line 35882 (wfb::budget ethiopia capital_expenditures (* 707e6 $) );; line 35882 (wfb::exports ethiopia (* 219.8e6 $) );; line 35887 (wfb::exports ethiopia commodities coffee n/a );; line 35889 (wfb::exports ethiopia commodities leather_products n/a );; line 35889 (wfb::exports ethiopia commodities gold-commodity n/a );; line 35889 (wfb::exports ethiopia partners germany n/a );; line 35891 (wfb::exports ethiopia partners japan n/a );; line 35891 (wfb::exports ethiopia partners saudi_arabia n/a );; line 35891 (wfb::exports ethiopia partners france n/a );; line 35891 (wfb::exports ethiopia partners italy n/a );; line 35891 (wfb::imports ethiopia (* 1.04e9 $) );; line 35895 (wfb::imports ethiopia commodities capital_goods n/a );; line 35897 (wfb::imports ethiopia commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 35897 (wfb::imports ethiopia commodities fuel n/a );; line 35897 (wfb::imports ethiopia partners us n/a );; line 35899 (wfb::imports ethiopia partners germany n/a );; line 35899 (wfb::imports ethiopia partners italy n/a );; line 35899 (wfb::imports ethiopia partners saudi_arabia n/a );; line 35899 (wfb::imports ethiopia partners japan n/a );; line 35899 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt ethiopia date_1993 );; line 35903 (wfb::external_debt ethiopia (* 3.7e9 $) );; line 35903 (wfb::for-fiscal-year industrial_production 91 );; line 35907 (wfb::for-fiscal-year industrial_production ethiopia 91 );; line 35907 (wfb::industrial_production ethiopia growth_rate (* -3.3 %) );; line 35907 (wfb::industrial_production ethiopia accounts_for (* 12 %_of_gdp) );; line 35907 (wfb::electricity ethiopia capacity (* 460000 kw) );; line 35912 (wfb::electricity ethiopia production (* 1.3e9 kwh) );; line 35914 (wfb::measurement-date electricity ethiopia consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 35916 (wfb::electricity ethiopia consumption_per_capita (* 23 kwh) );; line 35916 (wfb::industry ethiopia food_processing );; line 35920 (wfb::industry ethiopia beverages-industry );; line 35920 (wfb::industry ethiopia textiles );; line 35920 (wfb::industry ethiopia chemicals );; line 35920 (wfb::industry ethiopia metals_processing );; line 35920 (wfb::industry ethiopia cement );; line 35920 (wfb::agriculture ethiopia "accounts for 45% of GDP; export crops of coffee and oilseeds are grown partly on state farms; estimated 50% of agricultural production is at subsistence level; principal crops and livestock - cereals, pulses, coffee, oilseeds, sugarcane, potatoes and other vegetables, hides and skins, cattle, sheep, goats" );; line 35925 (wfb::illicit_drugs ethiopia "transit hub for heroin originating in Southwest and Southeast Asia and destined for Europe and North America as well as cocaine destined for southern African markets; cultivates qat (chat) for local use and regional export" );; line 35933 (wfb::economic_aid ethiopia recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $504 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $3.4 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $8 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $2 billion" );; line 35941 (wfb::abbreviation birr "Br" );; line 35948 (wfb::currency ethiopia birr 100 cents );; line 35948 (wfb::exchange_rates ethiopia "birr (Br) per US$1 - 5.9500 (January 1995), 5.9500 (1994), 5.0000 (fixed rate 1992-93); fixed at 2.070 before 1992; note - official rate pegged to the US$" );; line 35952 (wfb::fiscal_year ethiopia date_8_jul date_7_jul );; line 35958 (wfb::railroads ethiopia total "681 km (Ethiopian segment of the Addis Ababa-Djibouti railroad)" );; line 35964 (wfb::railroads ethiopia narrow_gauge "681 km 1.000-m gauge" );; line 35966 (wfb::highways ethiopia total (* 24127 km) );; line 35971 (wfb::highways ethiopia paved (* 3289 km) );; line 35973 (wfb::measurement-date highways ethiopia date_1993 );; line 35975 (wfb::highways ethiopia gravel (* 6664 km) );; line 35975 (wfb::highways ethiopia improved_earth (* 1652 km) );; line 35975 (wfb::highways ethiopia unimproved_earth (* 12522 km) );; line 35975 (wfb::merchant_marine ethiopia total "12 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 62,627 GRT/88,909 DWT" );; line 35985 (wfb::merchant_marine ethiopia ships_by_type "cargo 8, livestock carrier 1, oil tanker 2, roll-on/roll-off cargo 1" );; line 35987 (wfb::airports ethiopia total 98 );; line 35993 (wfb::airports ethiopia |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 2 );; line 35995 (wfb::airports ethiopia |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 3 );; line 35997 (wfb::airports ethiopia |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 2 );; line 35999 (wfb::airports ethiopia |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 36001 (wfb::airports ethiopia with_paved_runways_under_914_m 24 );; line 36003 (wfb::airports ethiopia |with unpaved runways over 3,047 m| 4 );; line 36005 (wfb::airports ethiopia |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 6 );; line 36007 (wfb::airports ethiopia |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 14 );; line 36009 (wfb::airports ethiopia |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 42 );; line 36011 (wfb::telephone_system ethiopia "NA telephones; open-wire and radio relay system adequate for government use" );; line 36016 (wfb::telephone_system ethiopia local "NA" );; line 36019 (wfb::telephone_system ethiopia intercity "open wire and microwave radio relay links" );; line 36021 (wfb::telephone_system ethiopia international "open-wire to Sudan and Djibouti; microwave radio relay to Kenya and Djibouti; 3 INTELSAT (1 Atlantic Ocean and 2 Pacific Ocean) earth stations" );; line 36023 (wfb::radio ethiopia broadcast_stations am 4 );; line 36030 (wfb::radio ethiopia broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 36030 (wfb::radio ethiopia broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 36030 (wfb::radio ethiopia radios 9e6 );; line 36032 (wfb::television ethiopia broadcast_stations 1 );; line 36037 (wfb::television ethiopia televisions 100000 );; line 36039 (wfb::defense_branch ethiopia transitional_government_of_ethiopia_forces_ethiopia );; line 36045 (wfb::defense_branch ethiopia air_force_ethiopia );; line 36045 (wfb::defense_branch ethiopia police_ethiopia );; line 36045 (wfb::manpower_availability ethiopia "males age 15-49 12,658,084; males fit for military service 6,569,759; males reach military age (18) annually 565,976 (1995 est.)" );; line 36049 (wfb::for-fiscal-year defense_expenditures ethiopia 94 );; line 36054 (wfb::defense_expenditures ethiopia (* 140e6 $) );; line 36054 (wfb::defense_expenditures ethiopia (* 4.1 %_of_gdp) );; line 36054 (wfb::markup-parameter figure europa_island "graphno=\"eu.tif\"" );; line 36060 (wfb::header europa_island "(possession of France)" );; line 36060 (wfb::location europa_island "Southern Africa, island in the Mozambique Channel, about one-half of the way from southern Madagascar to southern Mozambique" );; line 36064 (wfb::map_references europa_island "Africa" );; line 36069 (wfb::area europa_island total_area (* 28 sq_km) );; line 36074 (wfb::area europa_island land_area (* 28 sq_km) );; line 36076 (wfb::area europa_island comparative_area "about 0.2 times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 36078 (wfb::coastline europa_island (* 22.2 km) );; line 36086 (wfb::maritime_claims europa_island exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 36091 (wfb::maritime_claims europa_island territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 36093 (wfb::international_disputes europa_island "claimed by Madagascar" );; line 36097 (wfb::climate europa_island "tropical" );; line 36101 (wfb::terrain europa_island "NA" );; line 36105 (wfb::natural-resource europa_island negligible );; line 36109 (wfb::land_use europa_island arable_land (* n/a %) );; line 36114 (wfb::land_use europa_island permanent_crops (* n/a %) );; line 36116 (wfb::land_use europa_island meadows_and_pastures (* n/a %) );; line 36118 (wfb::comment land_use europa_island forest_and_woodland "heavily wooded" );; line 36120 (wfb::land_use europa_island forest_and_woodland (* n/a %) );; line 36120 (wfb::land_use europa_island other (* n/a %) );; line 36122 (wfb::irrigated_land europa_island (* 0 sq_km) );; line 36126 (wfb::environment europa_island current_issues "NA" );; line 36131 (wfb::environment europa_island natural_hazards "NA" );; line 36133 (wfb::environment europa_island international_agreements "NA" );; line 36135 (wfb::note europa_island "wildlife sanctuary" );; line 36139 (wfb::names europa_island conventional_short_form "Europa Island" );; line 36153 (wfb::names europa_island local_short_form "Ile Europa" );; line 36157 (wfb::digraph europa_island "EU" );; line 36161 (wfb::type europa_island "French possession administered by Commissioner of the Republic; resident in Reunion" );; line 36165 (wfb::comment independence europa_island "possession of France" );; line 36174 (wfb::overview europa_island "no economic activity" );; line 36179 (wfb::airports europa_island total 1 );; line 36189 (wfb::airports europa_island |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 36191 (wfb::note europa_island "1 meteorological station" );; line 36196 (wfb::note europa_island "defense is the responsibility of France" );; line 36202 (wfb::markup-parameter figure |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| "graphno=\"fa.tif\"" );; line 36210 (wfb::header |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| "(dependent territory of the UK)" );; line 36210 (wfb::location |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| "Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of southern Argentina" );; line 36215 (wfb::map_references |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| "South America" );; line 36220 (wfb::area |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| total_area (* 12170 sq_km) );; line 36225 (wfb::area |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| land_area (* 12170 sq_km) );; line 36227 (wfb::area |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| comparative_area "slightly smaller than Connecticut" );; line 36229 (wfb::comment area |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| "includes the two main islands of East and West Falkland and about 200 small islands" );; line 36231 (wfb::coastline |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| (* 1288 km) );; line 36240 (wfb::maritime_claims |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| continental_shelf (* 200 nm) );; line 36245 (wfb::maritime_claims |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| exclusive_fishing_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 36247 (wfb::maritime_claims |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 36249 (wfb::international_disputes |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| "administered by the UK, claimed by Argentina" );; line 36253 (wfb::climate |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| "cold marine" );; line 36257 (wfb::climate |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| "strong westerly winds, cloudy, humid" );; line 36257 (wfb::climate |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| "rain occurs on more than half of days in year" );; line 36257 (wfb::climate |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| "occasional snow all year, except in January and February, but does not accumulate" );; line 36257 (wfb::terrain |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| "rocky, hilly, mountainous with some boggy, undulating plains" );; line 36263 (wfb::natural-resource |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| fish );; line 36267 (wfb::natural-resource |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| wildlife );; line 36267 (wfb::land_use |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 36272 (wfb::land_use |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 36274 (wfb::land_use |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| meadows_and_pastures (* 99 %) );; line 36276 (wfb::land_use |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 36278 (wfb::land_use |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| other (* 1 %) );; line 36280 (wfb::irrigated_land |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| (* n/a sq_km) );; line 36284 (wfb::environment |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| current_issues "NA" );; line 36289 (wfb::environment |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| natural_hazards "strong winds persist throughout the year" );; line 36291 (wfb::environment |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| international_agreements "NA" );; line 36293 (wfb::note |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| "deeply indented coast provides good natural harbors; short growing season" );; line 36297 (wfb::estimation-date population |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| date_jul_1995 );; line 36304 (wfb::population |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| 2317 );; line 36304 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| date_1995 );; line 36317 (wfb::population_growth_rate |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| (* 2.43 %) );; line 36317 (wfb::nationality |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| noun "Falkland Islander(s)" );; line 36346 (wfb::nationality |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| adjective "Falkland Island" );; line 36348 (wfb::ethnic-entity |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| british n/a );; line 36352 (wfb::religion |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| primarily_anglican n/a );; line 36356 (wfb::religion |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| roman_catholic n/a );; line 36356 (wfb::religion |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| united_free_church n/a );; line 36356 (wfb::religion |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| evangelist_church n/a );; line 36356 (wfb::religion |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| |Jehovah's Witnesses| n/a );; line 36356 (wfb::religion |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| lutheran n/a );; line 36356 (wfb::religion |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| seventh-day_adventist n/a );; line 36356 (wfb::language |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| english n/a );; line 36361 (wfb::comment labor_force_by_occupation |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| "mostly sheepherding" );; line 36367 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| agriculture (* 95 %) );; line 36367 (wfb::names |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| conventional_long_form "Colony of the Falkland Islands" );; line 36373 (wfb::names |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| conventional_short_form "Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)" );; line 36375 (wfb::digraph |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| "FA" );; line 36379 (wfb::type |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| "dependent territory of the UK" );; line 36383 (wfb::capital |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| |Stanley-Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| );; line 36387 (wfb::comment independence |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| "dependent territory of the UK" );; line 36395 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1982 );; line 36399 (wfb::comment national_holiday |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| "1982" );; line 36399 (wfb::national_holiday |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| "Liberation Day" date_14_jun );; line 36399 (wfb::constitution |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| "3 October 1985" );; line 36403 (wfb::legal_system |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| "English common law" );; line 36407 (wfb::comment suffrage |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| " universal" );; line 36411 (wfb::suffrage |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 36411 (wfb::executive_branch |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| chief_of_state "Queen ELIZABETH II " date_6_feb_1952 );; line 36416 (wfb::executive_branch |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| head_of_government "Governor David Everard TATHAM " date_aug_1992 );; line 36418 (wfb::comment executive_branch |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| cabinet "3 members elected by the Legislative Council, 2 ex-officio members (chief executive and the financial secretary), and the governor" );; line 36420 (wfb::executive_branch |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| cabinet "Executive Council" );; line 36420 (wfb::legislative_structure |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| unicameral n/a );; line 36426 (wfb::legislative_branch |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| "Legislative Council" "elections last held 11 October 1989 (next to be held October 1994); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (10 total, 8 elected) independents 8" );; line 36428 (wfb::judicial_branch |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| "Supreme Court" );; line 36434 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| "NA" );; line 36438 (wfb::member_of |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| icftu );; line 36442 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| "none (dependent territory of the UK)" );; line 36446 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| "none (dependent territory of the UK)" );; line 36450 (wfb::flag |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| "blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Falkland Island coat of arms in a white disk centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms contains a white ram (sheep raising is the major economic activity) above the sailing ship Desire (whose crew discovered the islands) with a scroll at the bottom bearing the motto DESIRE THE RIGHT" );; line 36454 (wfb::overview |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| "The economy was formerly based on agriculture, mainly sheep farming, which directly or indirectly employs most of the work force. Dairy farming supports domestic consumption; crops furnish winter fodder. Exports feature shipments of high-grade wool to the UK and the sale of postage stamps and coins. Rich stocks of fish in the surrounding waters are not presently exploited by the islanders. So far, efforts to establish a domestic fishing industry have been unsuccessful. The economy has diversified since 1987 when the government began selling fishing licenses to foreign trawlers operating within the Falklands exclusive fishing zone. These license fees total more than $40 million per year and support the island's health, education, and welfare system. To encourage tourism, the Falkland Islands Development Corporation has built three lodges for visitors attracted by the abundant wildlife and trout fishing. The islands are now self-financing except for defense. The British Geological Survey announced a 200-mile oil exploration zone around the islands in 1993 and early seismic surveys suggest substantial reserves capable of producing 500,000 barrels per day." );; line 36464 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| (* n/a %) );; line 36487 (wfb::national_product_per_capita |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| (* n/a $) );; line 36491 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| "7.4% (1980-87 average)" );; line 36495 (wfb::budget |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| revenues (* 65e6 $) );; line 36504 (wfb::budget |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| expenditures (* 55.2e6 $) );; line 36506 (wfb::exports |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| commodities wool n/a );; line 36512 (wfb::exports |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| commodities hides_and_skins n/a );; line 36512 (wfb::exports |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| commodities meat n/a );; line 36512 (wfb::estimation-date exports |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| date_1987 );; line 36514 (wfb::exports |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| partners uk n/a );; line 36514 (wfb::exports |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| partners netherlands n/a );; line 36514 (wfb::exports |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| partners japan n/a );; line 36514 (wfb::imports |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| commodities food n/a );; line 36520 (wfb::imports |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| commodities clothing-commodity n/a );; line 36520 (wfb::imports |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| commodities timber-commodity n/a );; line 36520 (wfb::imports |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| commodities machinery n/a );; line 36520 (wfb::estimation-date imports |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| date_1987 );; line 36522 (wfb::imports |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| partners uk n/a );; line 36522 (wfb::imports |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| partners netherlands_antilles n/a );; line 36522 (wfb::imports |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| partners japan n/a );; line 36522 (wfb::external_debt |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| (* n/a $) );; line 36526 (wfb::industrial_production |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 36530 (wfb::electricity |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| capacity (* 9200 kw) );; line 36535 (wfb::electricity |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| production (* 17e6 kwh) );; line 36537 (wfb::measurement-date electricity |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 36539 (wfb::electricity |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| consumption_per_capita (* 7253 kwh) );; line 36539 (wfb::industry |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| wool_and_fish_processing );; line 36543 (wfb::agriculture |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| "predominantly sheep farming; small dairy herds; some fodder and vegetable crops" );; line 36547 (wfb::economic_aid |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| recipient "Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1992-93), $87 million" );; line 36553 (wfb::abbreviation falkland_pound "#F" );; line 36558 (wfb::currency |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| falkland_pound 100 pence );; line 36558 (wfb::exchange_rates |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| "Falkland pound (#F) per US$1 - 0.6350 (January 1995), 0.6529 (1994), 0.6658 (1993), 0.5664 (1992), 0.5652 (1991), 0.5604 (1990); note - the Falkland pound is at par with the British pound" );; line 36562 (wfb::fiscal_year |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| date_1_apr date_31_mar );; line 36568 (wfb::railroads |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| "0 km" );; line 36573 (wfb::highways |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| total (* 510 km) );; line 36578 (wfb::highways |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| paved (* 30 km) );; line 36580 (wfb::highways |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| gravel (* 80 km) );; line 36582 (wfb::highways |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| unimproved_earth (* 400 km) );; line 36582 (wfb::port |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| |Stanley-Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| );; line 36586 (wfb::merchant_marine |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| "none" );; line 36590 (wfb::airports |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| total 5 );; line 36595 (wfb::airports |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 36597 (wfb::airports |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| with_paved_runways_under_914_m 4 );; line 36599 (wfb::telephone_system |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| "590 telephones" );; line 36604 (wfb::telephone_system |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| local "NA" );; line 36606 (wfb::telephone_system |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| intercity "government-operated radiotelephone and private VHF/CB radio networks provide effective service to almost all points on both islands" );; line 36608 (wfb::telephone_system |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| international "1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station with links through London to other countries" );; line 36611 (wfb::radio |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| broadcast_stations am 2 );; line 36617 (wfb::radio |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| broadcast_stations fm 3 );; line 36617 (wfb::radio |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 36617 (wfb::radio |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| radios n/a );; line 36619 (wfb::television |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| broadcast_stations 0 );; line 36624 (wfb::television |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| televisions n/a );; line 36626 (wfb::comment defense_branch |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| |British Forces Falkland Islands_Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| "includes Army, Royal Air Force, Royal Navy, and Royal Marines" );; line 36632 (wfb::defense_branch |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| |British Forces Falkland Islands_Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| );; line 36632 (wfb::defense_branch |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| |Police Force_Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| );; line 36632 (wfb::note |Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)| "defense is the responsibility of the UK" );; line 36641 (wfb::markup-parameter figure faroe_islands "graphno=\"fo.tif\"" );; line 36647 (wfb::header faroe_islands "(part of the Danish realm)" );; line 36647 (wfb::location faroe_islands "Northern Europe, island group between the Norwegian Sea and the north Atlantic Ocean, about one-half of the way from Iceland to Norway" );; line 36651 (wfb::map_references faroe_islands "Europe" );; line 36656 (wfb::area faroe_islands total_area (* 1400 sq_km) );; line 36661 (wfb::area faroe_islands land_area (* 1400 sq_km) );; line 36663 (wfb::area faroe_islands comparative_area "slightly less than eight times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 36665 (wfb::coastline faroe_islands (* 764 km) );; line 36673 (wfb::maritime_claims faroe_islands exclusive_fishing_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 36678 (wfb::maritime_claims faroe_islands territorial_sea (* 3 nm) );; line 36680 (wfb::international_disputes faroe_islands "none" );; line 36684 (wfb::climate faroe_islands "mild winters, cool summers" );; line 36688 (wfb::climate faroe_islands "usually overcast" );; line 36688 (wfb::climate faroe_islands "foggy, windy" );; line 36688 (wfb::terrain faroe_islands "rugged, rocky, some low peaks" );; line 36692 (wfb::terrain faroe_islands "cliffs along most of coast" );; line 36692 (wfb::natural-resource faroe_islands fish );; line 36696 (wfb::land_use faroe_islands arable_land (* 2 %) );; line 36701 (wfb::land_use faroe_islands permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 36703 (wfb::land_use faroe_islands meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 36705 (wfb::land_use faroe_islands forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 36707 (wfb::land_use faroe_islands other (* 98 %) );; line 36709 (wfb::irrigated_land faroe_islands (* n/a sq_km) );; line 36713 (wfb::environment faroe_islands current_issues "NA" );; line 36718 (wfb::environment faroe_islands natural_hazards "NA" );; line 36720 (wfb::environment faroe_islands international_agreements "NA" );; line 36722 (wfb::note faroe_islands "archipelago of 18 inhabited islands and a few uninhabited islets; strategically located along important sea lanes in northeastern Atlantic; precipitous terrain limits habitation to small coastal lowlands" );; line 36726 (wfb::estimation-date population faroe_islands date_jul_1995 );; line 36734 (wfb::population faroe_islands 48871 );; line 36734 (wfb::age_structure faroe_islands 0-14_years (* 24 %) );; line 36739 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex faroe_islands 0-14_years female 5673 );; line 36739 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex faroe_islands 0-14_years male 6119 );; line 36739 (wfb::age_structure faroe_islands 15-64_years (* 63 %) );; line 36741 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex faroe_islands 15-64_years female 14164 );; line 36741 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex faroe_islands 15-64_years male 16835 );; line 36741 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure faroe_islands 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 36743 (wfb::age_structure faroe_islands 65_years_and_over (* 13 %) );; line 36743 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex faroe_islands 65_years_and_over female 3335 );; line 36743 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex faroe_islands 65_years_and_over male 2745 );; line 36743 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate faroe_islands date_1995 );; line 36747 (wfb::population_growth_rate faroe_islands (* 0.99 %) );; line 36747 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate faroe_islands date_1995 );; line 36751 (wfb::birth_rate faroe_islands (* 17.54 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 36751 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate faroe_islands date_1995 );; line 36755 (wfb::death_rate faroe_islands (* 7.59 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 36755 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate faroe_islands date_1995 );; line 36759 (wfb::net_migration_rate faroe_islands (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 36759 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate faroe_islands date_1995 );; line 36763 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate faroe_islands (* 7.9 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 36763 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth faroe_islands total_population (* 78.29 years) );; line 36768 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth faroe_islands male (* 74.91 years) );; line 36770 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth faroe_islands female date_1995 );; line 36772 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth faroe_islands female (* 81.8 years) );; line 36772 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate faroe_islands date_1995 );; line 36776 (wfb::total_fertility_rate faroe_islands (* 2.42 children_born/woman) );; line 36776 (wfb::nationality faroe_islands noun "Faroese (singular and plural)" );; line 36781 (wfb::nationality faroe_islands adjective "Faroese" );; line 36783 (wfb::ethnic-entity faroe_islands scandinavian n/a );; line 36787 (wfb::religion faroe_islands evangelical_lutheran n/a );; line 36791 (wfb::language faroe_islands faroese-language-group n/a );; line 36795 (wfb::comment language faroe_islands faroese-language-group "derived from Old Norse" );; line 36795 (wfb::language faroe_islands danish n/a );; line 36795 (wfb::literacy-condition faroe_islands "NA%" );; line 36799 (wfb::total_labor_force faroe_islands 17585 );; line 36803 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation faroe_islands largely_engaged_in_fishing n/a );; line 36805 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation faroe_islands manufacturing n/a );; line 36805 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation faroe_islands transportation n/a );; line 36805 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation faroe_islands commerce n/a );; line 36805 (wfb::names faroe_islands conventional_short_form "Faroe Islands" );; line 36814 (wfb::names faroe_islands local_short_form "Foroyar" );; line 36818 (wfb::digraph faroe_islands "FO" );; line 36822 (wfb::type faroe_islands "part of the Danish realm; self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark" );; line 36826 (wfb::capital faroe_islands torshavn-faroe_islands );; line 36831 (wfb::comment independence faroe_islands "part of the Danish realm; self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark" );; line 36839 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1940 );; line 36844 (wfb::comment national_holiday faroe_islands "1940" );; line 36844 (wfb::national_holiday faroe_islands "Birthday of the Queen" date_16_apr );; line 36844 (wfb::constitution faroe_islands "5 June 1953 (Danish constitution)" );; line 36848 (wfb::legal_system faroe_islands "Danish" );; line 36852 (wfb::comment suffrage faroe_islands " universal" );; line 36856 (wfb::suffrage faroe_islands (* 20 years_of_age) );; line 36856 (wfb::executive_branch faroe_islands head_of_government "Prime Minister Edmund JOENSEN " date_15_sep_1994 );; line 36864 (wfb::comment executive_branch faroe_islands cabinet "elected by the local legislature" );; line 36866 (wfb::executive_branch faroe_islands cabinet "Landsstyri" );; line 36866 (wfb::legislative_structure faroe_islands unicameral n/a );; line 36870 (wfb::legislative_branch faroe_islands "Faroese Parliament (Logting)" "elections last held 8 July 1994 (next to be held by July 1998); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (32 total) Liberal Party 8, People's Party 6, Social Democrats 5, Republicans 4, Workers' Party 3, Christian Democrats 2, Center Party 2, Home Rule Party 2" );; line 36872 (wfb::legislative_branch faroe_islands "Danish Parliament" "elections last held on 21 September 1994 (next to be held by September 1998); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (2 total) Liberals 2" );; line 36877 (wfb::judicial_branch faroe_islands "none" );; line 36883 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders faroe_islands "Social Democratic Party, Marita PETERSEN; Workers Front, Oli JACOBSEN; Home Rule Party, Helena Dam A NEYSTABOE; The 'Coalition Party', Edmund JOENSEN; Republican Party, Finnbogir ESAKSON; Centrist Party, Tordur NICLASEN; Christian People's Party, Niels Pauli DANIELSEN; People's Party, Arnfinn KALLSBERG; Liberal Party; Christian Democratic Party" );; line 36887 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us faroe_islands "none (self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark)" );; line 36899 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation faroe_islands "none (self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark)" );; line 36903 (wfb::flag faroe_islands "white with a red cross outlined in blue that extends to the edges of the flag; the vertical part of the cross is shifted to the hoist side in the style of the DANNEBROG (Danish flag)" );; line 36907 (wfb::overview faroe_islands "The Faroese, who have long enjoyed the affluent living standards of the Danes and other Scandinavians, now must cope with the decline of the all-important fishing industry and one of the world's heaviest per capita external debts of about $25,000. When the nations of the world extended their fishing zones to 200 nautical miles in the early 1970s, the Faroese no longer could continue their traditional long-distance fishing and subsequently depleted their own nearby fishing areas. The government's tight controls on fish stocks and its austerity measures have caused a recession, and subsidy cuts will force nationalization in the fishing industry, which has already been plagued with bankruptcies. Copenhagen has threatened to withhold its annual subsidy of $130 million - roughly one-third of the islands' budget revenues - unless the Faroese make significant efforts to balance their budget. To this extent the Faroe government is expected to continue its tough policies, including introducing a 20% value-added tax (VAT) in 1993, and has agreed to an IMF economic-political stabilization plan. In addition to its annual subsidy, the Danish government has bailed out the second largest Faroe bank to the tune of $140 million since October 1992." );; line 36914 (wfb::estimation-date national_product faroe_islands date_1989 );; line 36934 (wfb::national_product faroe_islands (* 662e6 $) );; line 36934 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate faroe_islands date_1993 );; line 36938 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate faroe_islands (* -10.8 %) );; line 36938 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita faroe_islands date_1989 );; line 36942 (wfb::national_product_per_capita faroe_islands (* 14000 $) );; line 36942 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| faroe_islands "6.8% (1993 est.)" );; line 36946 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate faroe_islands date_1993 );; line 36950 (wfb::unemployment_rate faroe_islands (* 23 %) );; line 36950 (wfb::budget faroe_islands revenues (* 407.2e6 $) );; line 36955 (wfb::estimation-date budget faroe_islands date_1993 );; line 36957 (wfb::budget faroe_islands expenditures (* 482.7e6 $) );; line 36957 (wfb::budget faroe_islands capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 36957 (wfb::exports faroe_islands (* 345.3e6 $) );; line 36961 (wfb::measurement-date exports faroe_islands date_1989 );; line 36963 (wfb::comment exports faroe_islands commodities "ships" );; line 36963 (wfb::exports faroe_islands commodities fish_and_fish_products (* 88 %) );; line 36963 (wfb::exports faroe_islands commodities animal_feedstuffs n/a );; line 36963 (wfb::exports faroe_islands commodities transport_equipment n/a );; line 36963 (wfb::exports faroe_islands partners denmark (* 20 %) );; line 36966 (wfb::exports faroe_islands partners germany (* 18.3 %) );; line 36966 (wfb::exports faroe_islands partners uk (* 14.2 %) );; line 36966 (wfb::exports faroe_islands partners france (* 11.2 %) );; line 36966 (wfb::exports faroe_islands partners spain (* 7.9 %) );; line 36966 (wfb::exports faroe_islands partners us (* 4.5 %) );; line 36966 (wfb::imports faroe_islands (* 234.4e6 $) );; line 36971 (wfb::imports faroe_islands commodities machinery_and_transport_equipment (* 24.4 %) );; line 36973 (wfb::imports faroe_islands commodities manufactures (* 24 %) );; line 36973 (wfb::imports faroe_islands commodities food_and_livestock (* 19 %) );; line 36973 (wfb::imports faroe_islands commodities fuels (* 12 %) );; line 36973 (wfb::imports faroe_islands commodities chemicals-commodity (* 6.5 %) );; line 36973 (wfb::imports faroe_islands partners denmark (* 43.8 %) );; line 36976 (wfb::imports faroe_islands partners norway (* 19.8 %) );; line 36976 (wfb::imports faroe_islands partners sweden (* 4.9 %) );; line 36976 (wfb::imports faroe_islands partners germany (* 4.2 %) );; line 36976 (wfb::imports faroe_islands partners us (* 1.3 %) );; line 36976 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt faroe_islands date_1993 );; line 36980 (wfb::external_debt faroe_islands (* 1.2e9 $) );; line 36980 (wfb::industrial_production faroe_islands growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 36984 (wfb::electricity faroe_islands capacity (* 90000 kw) );; line 36989 (wfb::electricity faroe_islands production (* 200e6 kwh) );; line 36991 (wfb::measurement-date electricity faroe_islands consumption_per_capita date_1992 );; line 36993 (wfb::electricity faroe_islands consumption_per_capita (* 3953 kwh) );; line 36993 (wfb::industry faroe_islands fishing-industry );; line 36997 (wfb::industry faroe_islands shipbuilding );; line 36997 (wfb::industry faroe_islands handicrafts );; line 36997 (wfb::agriculture faroe_islands "accounts for 27% of GDP; principal crops - potatoes and vegetables; livestock - sheep; annual fish catch about 360,000 metric tons" );; line 37001 (wfb::economic_aid faroe_islands recipient "receives an annual subsidy from Denmark of about $130 million" );; line 37007 (wfb::abbreviation danish_krone "DKr" );; line 37011 (wfb::currency faroe_islands danish_krone 100 oere );; line 37011 (wfb::exchange_rates faroe_islands "Danish kroner (DKr) per US$1 - 6.034 (January 1995), 6.361 (1994), 6.484 (1993), 6.036 (1992), 6.396 (1991), 6.189 (1990)" );; line 37015 (wfb::fiscal_year faroe_islands date_1_apr date_31_mar );; line 37020 (wfb::railroads faroe_islands "0 km" );; line 37025 (wfb::highways faroe_islands total (* 200 km) );; line 37030 (wfb::port faroe_islands klaksvick-faroe_islands );; line 37038 (wfb::port faroe_islands torshavn-faroe_islands );; line 37038 (wfb::port faroe_islands tvoroyri-faroe_islands );; line 37038 (wfb::merchant_marine faroe_islands total "7 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 19,879 GRT/18,444 DWT" );; line 37043 (wfb::merchant_marine faroe_islands ships_by_type "cargo 5, roll-on/roll-off cargo 1, short-sea passenger 1" );; line 37045 (wfb::airports faroe_islands total 1 );; line 37050 (wfb::airports faroe_islands |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 37052 (wfb::telephone_system faroe_islands "27,900 telephones; good international communications; fair domestic facilities" );; line 37057 (wfb::telephone_system faroe_islands local "NA" );; line 37060 (wfb::telephone_system faroe_islands intercity "NA" );; line 37062 (wfb::telephone_system faroe_islands international "3 coaxial submarine cables" );; line 37064 (wfb::radio faroe_islands broadcast_stations am 1 );; line 37069 (wfb::radio faroe_islands broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 37069 (wfb::radio faroe_islands radios n/a );; line 37071 (wfb::comment television faroe_islands broadcast_stations "repeaters 29" );; line 37076 (wfb::television faroe_islands broadcast_stations 3 );; line 37076 (wfb::television faroe_islands televisions n/a );; line 37078 (wfb::defense_branch faroe_islands no_organized_native_military_forces_faroe_islands );; line 37084 (wfb::note faroe_islands "defense is the responsibility of Denmark" );; line 37093 (wfb::markup-parameter figure fiji "graphno=\"fj.tif\"" );; line 37099 (wfb::location fiji "Oceania, island group in the South Pacific Ocean, about two-thirds of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand" );; line 37103 (wfb::map_references fiji "Oceania" );; line 37108 (wfb::area fiji total_area (* 18270 sq_km) );; line 37113 (wfb::area fiji land_area (* 18270 sq_km) );; line 37115 (wfb::area fiji comparative_area "slightly smaller than New Jersey" );; line 37117 (wfb::coastline fiji (* 1129 km) );; line 37125 (wfb::maritime_claims fiji exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 37134 (wfb::maritime_claims fiji territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 37136 (wfb::international_disputes fiji "none" );; line 37140 (wfb::climate fiji "tropical marine" );; line 37144 (wfb::climate fiji "only slight seasonal temperature variation" );; line 37144 (wfb::terrain fiji "mostly mountains of volcanic origin" );; line 37148 (wfb::natural-resource fiji timber );; line 37152 (wfb::natural-resource fiji fish );; line 37152 (wfb::natural-resource fiji gold );; line 37152 (wfb::natural-resource fiji copper );; line 37152 (wfb::natural-resource fiji offshore_oil_potential );; line 37152 (wfb::land_use fiji arable_land (* 8 %) );; line 37157 (wfb::land_use fiji permanent_crops (* 5 %) );; line 37159 (wfb::land_use fiji meadows_and_pastures (* 3 %) );; line 37161 (wfb::land_use fiji forest_and_woodland (* 65 %) );; line 37163 (wfb::land_use fiji other (* 19 %) );; line 37165 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land fiji date_1989 );; line 37169 (wfb::irrigated_land fiji (* 10 sq_km) );; line 37169 (wfb::environment fiji current_issues "deforestation" );; line 37174 (wfb::environment fiji current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 37174 (wfb::environment fiji natural_hazards "cyclonic storms can occur from November to January" );; line 37176 (wfb::environment fiji international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Tropical Timber 94" );; line 37178 (wfb::note fiji "includes 332 islands of which approximately 110 are inhabited" );; line 37184 (wfb::estimation-date population fiji date_jul_1995 );; line 37190 (wfb::population fiji 772891 );; line 37190 (wfb::age_structure fiji 0-14_years (* 36 %) );; line 37195 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex fiji 0-14_years female 136570 );; line 37195 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex fiji 0-14_years male 142581 );; line 37195 (wfb::age_structure fiji 15-64_years (* 61 %) );; line 37197 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex fiji 15-64_years female 235491 );; line 37197 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex fiji 15-64_years male 235411 );; line 37197 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure fiji 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 37199 (wfb::age_structure fiji 65_years_and_over (* 3 %) );; line 37199 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex fiji 65_years_and_over female 11943 );; line 37199 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex fiji 65_years_and_over male 10895 );; line 37199 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate fiji date_1995 );; line 37203 (wfb::population_growth_rate fiji (* 1.16 %) );; line 37203 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate fiji date_1995 );; line 37207 (wfb::birth_rate fiji (* 23.69 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 37207 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate fiji date_1995 );; line 37211 (wfb::death_rate fiji (* 6.42 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 37211 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate fiji date_1995 );; line 37215 (wfb::net_migration_rate fiji (* -5.67 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 37215 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate fiji date_1995 );; line 37219 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate fiji (* 17.7 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 37219 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth fiji total_population (* 65.42 years) );; line 37224 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth fiji male (* 63.13 years) );; line 37226 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth fiji female date_1995 );; line 37228 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth fiji female (* 67.82 years) );; line 37228 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate fiji date_1995 );; line 37232 (wfb::total_fertility_rate fiji (* 2.87 children_born/woman) );; line 37232 (wfb::nationality fiji noun "Fijian(s)" );; line 37237 (wfb::nationality fiji adjective "Fijian" );; line 37239 (wfb::ethnic-entity fiji fijian (* 49 %) );; line 37243 (wfb::ethnic-entity fiji indian (* 46 %) );; line 37243 (wfb::comment religion "Methodist 37%, Roman Catholic 9%" );; line 37248 (wfb::religion fiji christian (* 52 %) );; line 37248 (wfb::religion fiji hindu (* 38 %) );; line 37248 (wfb::religion fiji muslim (* 8 %) );; line 37248 (wfb::comment religions fiji "Fijians are mainly Christian, Indians are Hindu, and there is a Muslim minority (1986)" );; line 37251 (wfb::language fiji english n/a );; line 37256 (wfb::comment language fiji english "official" );; line 37256 (wfb::language fiji fijian-language-group n/a );; line 37256 (wfb::language fiji hindustani n/a );; line 37256 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition fiji date_1986 );; line 37260 (wfb::literacy-condition fiji "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 37260 (wfb::literacy fiji total_population (* 87 %) );; line 37262 (wfb::literacy fiji male (* 90 %) );; line 37264 (wfb::literacy fiji female (* 84 %) );; line 37266 (wfb::total_labor_force fiji 235000 );; line 37270 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force fiji by_occupation date_1987 );; line 37272 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1987 );; line 37272 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation fiji subsistence_agriculture (* 67 %) );; line 37272 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation fiji wage_earners (* 18 %) );; line 37272 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation fiji salary_earners (* 15 %) );; line 37272 (wfb::names fiji conventional_long_form "Republic of Fiji" );; line 37279 (wfb::names fiji conventional_short_form "Fiji" );; line 37281 (wfb::digraph fiji "FJ" );; line 37285 (wfb::type fiji "republic" );; line 37289 (wfb::comment type fiji "military coup leader Maj. Gen. Sitiveni RABUKA formally declared Fiji a republic on 6 October 1987" );; line 37291 (wfb::capital fiji suva-fiji );; line 37296 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_fiji_divisions "divisions" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 37300 (wfb::administrative_divisions fiji adm_div_fiji_divisions 4 );; line 37300 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_fiji_dependency "dependency" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 37300 (wfb::administrative_divisions fiji adm_div_fiji_dependency 1 );; line 37300 (wfb::administrative_division_of fiji adm_div_fiji_divisions "Central" );; line 37300 (wfb::administrative_division_of fiji adm_div_fiji_divisions "Eastern" );; line 37300 (wfb::administrative_division_of fiji adm_div_fiji_divisions "Northern" );; line 37300 (wfb::administrative_division_of fiji adm_div_fiji_dependency "Rotuma" );; line 37300 (wfb::administrative_division_of fiji adm_div_fiji_divisions "Western" );; line 37300 (wfb::independence fiji date_10_oct_1970 "UK" );; line 37305 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1970 );; line 37309 (wfb::comment national_holiday fiji "1970" );; line 37309 (wfb::national_holiday fiji "Independence Day" date_10_oct );; line 37309 (wfb::constitution fiji "10 October 1970 (suspended 1 October 1987); a new Constitution was proposed on 23 September 1988 and promulgated on 25 July 1990; the 1990 Constitution is under review; the review is scheduled to be complete by 1997" );; line 37313 (wfb::legal_system fiji "based on British system" );; line 37319 (wfb::comment suffrage fiji " universal" );; line 37323 (wfb::suffrage fiji (* 21 years_of_age) );; line 37323 (wfb::comment executive_branch fiji chief_of_state "First Vice President Ratu Sir Josaia TAIVAIQIA (since 12 January 1994)" );; line 37328 (wfb::comment executive_branch fiji chief_of_state "Second Vice President Ratu Inoke TAKIVEIKATA (since 12 January 1994)" );; line 37328 (wfb::comment executive_branch fiji chief_of_state "note - President GANILAU died on 15 December 1993 and Vice President MARA became acting president" );; line 37328 (wfb::comment executive_branch fiji chief_of_state "MARA was elected president by the Great Council of Chiefs on 12 January 1994" );; line 37328 (wfb::executive_branch fiji chief_of_state "President Ratu Sir Kamisese MARA " date_12_jan_1994 );; line 37328 (wfb::executive_branch fiji head_of_government "Prime Minister Sitiveni RABUKA " date_2_jun_1992 );; line 37335 (wfb::executive_branch fiji presidential_council "appointed by the governor general" );; line 37337 (wfb::executive_branch fiji great_council_of_chiefs "highest ranking members of the traditional chiefly system" );; line 37339 (wfb::comment executive_branch fiji cabinet "appointed by prime minister from members of Parliament and responsible to Parliament" );; line 37341 (wfb::executive_branch fiji cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 37341 (wfb::legislative_branch fiji "Senate" "nonelective body containing 34 seats, 24 reserved for ethnic Fijians, 9 for Indians and others, 1 for the island of Rotuma; appointed by President" );; line 37349 (wfb::legislative_branch fiji "House of Representatives" "elections last held 18-25 February 1994 (next to be held NA 1999); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (70 total, with ethnic Fijians allocated 37 seats, ethnic Indians 27 seats, and independents and other 6 seats) number of seats by party SVT 31, NFP 20, FLP 7, FA 5, GVP 4, independents 2, ANC 1" );; line 37353 (wfb::judicial_branch fiji "Supreme Court" );; line 37361 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders fiji "Fijian Political Party (SVT - primarily Fijian), leader Maj. Gen. Sitivini RABUKA; National Federation Party (NFP; primarily Indian), Jai Ram REDDY; Fijian Nationalist Party (FNP), Sakeasi BUTADROKA; Fiji Labor Party (FLP), Mahendra CHAUDHRY; General Voters Party (GVP), Bill SORBY; Fiji Conservative Party (FCP), Isireli VUIBAU; Conservative Party of Fiji (CPF), Jolale ULUDOLE and Viliame SAVU; Fiji Indian Liberal Party, Swami MAHARAJ; Fiji Indian Congress Party, Ishwari BAJPAI; Fiji Independent Labor (Muslim), leader NA; Four Corners Party, David TULVANUAVOU; Fijian Association (FA), leader NA; General Electors' Association, leader NA" );; line 37365 (wfb::comment political_parties_and_leaders fiji "in early 1995, ethnic Fijian members of the All National Congress (ANC) merged with the Fijian Association (FA); the new FA is scheduled to hold its first meeting in April 1995 at which time the leaders of the party will be chosen; it is likely that Josevata KAMIKAMICA, the leader of the FA before the merger, will be elected leader and Adi Kuini Bavadra SPEED, the leader of the ANC before the merger, will be elected deputy leader; the remaining members of the ANC have renamed their party the General Electors' Association" );; line 37375 (wfb::member_of fiji acp );; line 37386 (wfb::member_of fiji asdb );; line 37386 (wfb::member_of fiji cp );; line 37386 (wfb::member_of fiji escap );; line 37386 (wfb::member_of fiji fao );; line 37386 (wfb::member_of fiji g-77 );; line 37386 (wfb::member_of fiji gatt );; line 37386 (wfb::member_of fiji ibrd );; line 37386 (wfb::member_of fiji icao );; line 37386 (wfb::member_of fiji icftu );; line 37386 (wfb::member_of fiji icrm );; line 37386 (wfb::member_of fiji ida );; line 37386 (wfb::member_of fiji ifad );; line 37386 (wfb::member_of fiji ifc );; line 37386 (wfb::member_of fiji ifrcs );; line 37386 (wfb::member_of fiji ilo );; line 37386 (wfb::member_of fiji imf );; line 37386 (wfb::member_of fiji imo );; line 37386 (wfb::member_of fiji intelsat );; line 37386 (wfb::member_of fiji interpol );; line 37386 (wfb::member_of fiji ioc );; line 37386 (wfb::member_of fiji itu );; line 37386 (wfb::member_of fiji pca );; line 37386 (wfb::member_of fiji sparteca );; line 37386 (wfb::member_of fiji spc );; line 37386 (wfb::member_of fiji spf );; line 37386 (wfb::member_of fiji un );; line 37386 (wfb::member_of fiji unamir );; line 37386 (wfb::member_of fiji unctad );; line 37386 (wfb::member_of fiji unesco );; line 37386 (wfb::member_of fiji unido );; line 37386 (wfb::member_of fiji unifil );; line 37386 (wfb::member_of fiji unikom );; line 37386 (wfb::member_of fiji upu );; line 37386 (wfb::member_of fiji wftu );; line 37386 (wfb::member_of fiji who );; line 37386 (wfb::member_of fiji wipo );; line 37386 (wfb::member_of fiji wmo );; line 37386 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us fiji chief_of_mission "Ambassador Pita Kewa NACUVA" );; line 37394 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us fiji chancery "Suite 240, 2233 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20007" );; line 37396 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us fiji telephone "[1] (202) 337-8320" );; line 37398 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us fiji fax "[1] (202) 337-1996" );; line 37400 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us fiji |consulate(s)| "New York" );; line 37402 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation fiji chief_of_mission "(vacant); Charge d'Affaires Michael W. MARINE" );; line 37407 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation fiji embassy "31 Loftus Street, Suva" );; line 37409 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation fiji mailing_address "P. O. Box 218, Suva" );; line 37411 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation fiji telephone "[679] 314466" );; line 37413 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation fiji fax "[679] 300081" );; line 37415 (wfb::flag fiji "light blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Fijian shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield depicts a yellow lion above a white field quartered by the cross of Saint George featuring stalks of sugarcane, a palm tree, bananas, and a white dove" );; line 37419 (wfb::overview fiji "Fiji's economy is primarily agricultural, with a large subsistence sector. Sugar exports and tourism are the major sources of foreign exchange. Industry contributes 13% to GDP, with sugar processing accounting for one-third of industrial activity. Roughly 250,000 tourists visit each year. Political uncertainty and drought, however, contribute to substantial fluctuations in earnings from tourism and sugar and to the emigration of skilled workers. In 1992, growth was approximately 3%, based on growth in tourism and a lessening of labor-management disputes in the sugar and gold-mining sectors. In 1993, the government's budgeted growth rate of 3% was not achieved because of a decline in non-sugar agricultural output and damage from Cyclone Kina. Growth in 1994 is estimated to be 5%, largely attributed to increased tourism and expansion in domestic production, particularly in the manufacturing sector." );; line 37428 (wfb::estimation-date national_product fiji date_1994 );; line 37444 (wfb::national_product fiji (* 4.3e9 $) );; line 37444 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate fiji date_1994 );; line 37448 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate fiji (* 5 %) );; line 37448 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita fiji date_1994 );; line 37452 (wfb::national_product_per_capita fiji (* 5650 $) );; line 37452 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| fiji "1.5% (1994)" );; line 37456 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate fiji date_1992 );; line 37460 (wfb::unemployment_rate fiji (* 5.4 %) );; line 37460 (wfb::budget fiji revenues (* 485e6 $) );; line 37465 (wfb::measurement-date budget fiji date_1994 );; line 37467 (wfb::budget fiji expenditures (* 579e6 $) );; line 37467 (wfb::budget fiji capital_expenditures (* 58e6 $) );; line 37467 (wfb::exports fiji (* 405e6 $) );; line 37472 (wfb::exports fiji commodities sugar-commodity (* 40 %) );; line 37474 (wfb::exports fiji commodities clothing-commodity n/a );; line 37474 (wfb::exports fiji commodities gold-commodity n/a );; line 37474 (wfb::exports fiji commodities processed_fish n/a );; line 37474 (wfb::exports fiji commodities lumber-commodity n/a );; line 37474 (wfb::exports fiji partners ec (* 26 %) );; line 37476 (wfb::exports fiji partners australia (* 15 %) );; line 37476 (wfb::exports fiji partners pacific_islands (* 11 %) );; line 37476 (wfb::exports fiji partners japan (* 6 %) );; line 37476 (wfb::imports fiji (* 634e6 $) );; line 37480 (wfb::imports fiji commodities machinery_and_transport_equipment n/a );; line 37482 (wfb::imports fiji commodities petroleum_products-commodity n/a );; line 37482 (wfb::imports fiji commodities food n/a );; line 37482 (wfb::imports fiji commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 37482 (wfb::imports fiji commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 37482 (wfb::imports fiji partners australia (* 30 %) );; line 37485 (wfb::imports fiji partners nz (* 17 %) );; line 37485 (wfb::imports fiji partners japan (* 13 %) );; line 37485 (wfb::imports fiji partners ec (* 6 %) );; line 37485 (wfb::imports fiji partners us (* 6 %) );; line 37485 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt fiji date_1994 );; line 37489 (wfb::external_debt fiji (* 670e6 $) );; line 37489 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 37493 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production fiji date_1993 );; line 37493 (wfb::industrial_production fiji growth_rate (* 0 %) );; line 37493 (wfb::industrial_production fiji accounts_for (* 13 %_of_gdp) );; line 37493 (wfb::electricity fiji capacity (* 200000 kw) );; line 37498 (wfb::electricity fiji production (* 480e6 kwh) );; line 37500 (wfb::measurement-date electricity fiji consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 37502 (wfb::electricity fiji consumption_per_capita (* 581 kwh) );; line 37502 (wfb::industry fiji sugar );; line 37506 (wfb::industry fiji tourism );; line 37506 (wfb::industry fiji copra-industry );; line 37506 (wfb::industry fiji gold-industry );; line 37506 (wfb::industry fiji silver-industry );; line 37506 (wfb::industry fiji clothing );; line 37506 (wfb::industry fiji lumber );; line 37506 (wfb::industry fiji small_cottage_industries );; line 37506 (wfb::agriculture fiji "accounts for 23% of GDP; principal cash crop is sugarcane; coconuts, cassava, rice, sweet potatoes, bananas; small livestock sector includes cattle, pigs, horses, and goats; fish catch nearly 33,000 tons (1989)" );; line 37511 (wfb::economic_aid fiji recipient "Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1980-89), $815 million" );; line 37518 (wfb::abbreviation fijian_dollar "F$" );; line 37523 (wfb::currency fiji fijian_dollar 100 cents );; line 37523 (wfb::exchange_rates fiji "Fijian dollars (F$) per US$1 - 1.4140 (January 1995), 1.4641 (1994), 1.5418 (1993), 1.5030 (1992), 1.4756 (1991), 1.4809 (1990)" );; line 37527 (wfb::fiscal_year fiji date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 37532 (wfb::railroads fiji total "644 km; note - belongs to the government owned Fiji Sugar Corporation" );; line 37538 (wfb::railroads fiji narrow_gauge "644 km 0.610-m gauge" );; line 37541 (wfb::highways fiji total (* 3300 km) );; line 37546 (wfb::highways fiji paved (* 1590 km) );; line 37548 (wfb::measurement-date highways fiji date_1984 );; line 37550 (wfb::highways fiji (union gravel crushed_stone stabilized_earth ) (* 1290 km) );; line 37550 (wfb::highways fiji unimproved_earth (* 420 km) );; line 37550 (wfb::inland_waterways fiji "203 km; 122 km navigable by motorized craft and 200-metric-ton barges" );; line 37555 (wfb::port fiji labasa-fiji );; line 37560 (wfb::port fiji lautoka-fiji );; line 37560 (wfb::port fiji levuka-fiji );; line 37560 (wfb::port fiji savusavu-fiji );; line 37560 (wfb::port fiji suva-fiji );; line 37560 (wfb::merchant_marine fiji total "5 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 16,267 GRT/17,884 DWT" );; line 37565 (wfb::merchant_marine fiji ships_by_type "chemical tanker 2, oil tanker 1, roll-on/roll-off cargo 2" );; line 37567 (wfb::airports fiji total 23 );; line 37572 (wfb::airports fiji |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 37574 (wfb::airports fiji |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 1 );; line 37576 (wfb::airports fiji |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 37578 (wfb::airports fiji with_paved_runways_under_914_m 16 );; line 37580 (wfb::airports fiji |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 4 );; line 37582 (wfb::telephone_system fiji "53,228 telephones; 71 telephones/1,000 persons; modern local, interisland, and international (wire/radio integrated) public and special-purpose telephone, telegraph, and teleprinter facilities; regional radio center" );; line 37587 (wfb::telephone_system fiji local "NA" );; line 37591 (wfb::telephone_system fiji intercity "NA" );; line 37593 (wfb::telephone_system fiji international "important COMPAC cable link between US-Canada and NZ-Australia; 1 INTELSAT (Pacific Ocean) earth station" );; line 37595 (wfb::radio fiji broadcast_stations am 7 );; line 37601 (wfb::radio fiji broadcast_stations fm 1 );; line 37601 (wfb::radio fiji broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 37601 (wfb::radio fiji radios n/a );; line 37603 (wfb::television fiji broadcast_stations 0 );; line 37608 (wfb::television fiji televisions n/a );; line 37610 (wfb::comment defense_branch fiji republic_of_fiji_military_forces_fiji "RFMF; includes army, navy, and air elements" );; line 37616 (wfb::defense_branch fiji republic_of_fiji_military_forces_fiji );; line 37616 (wfb::manpower_availability fiji "males age 15-49 201,441; males fit for military service 111,046; males reach military age (18) annually 8,466 (1995 est.)" );; line 37621 (wfb::for-fiscal-year defense_expenditures fiji 91 );; line 37626 (wfb::defense_expenditures fiji (* 22.4e6 $) );; line 37626 (wfb::markup-parameter figure finland "graphno=\"fi.tif\"" );; line 37633 (wfb::location finland "Northern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea, Gulf of Bothnia, and Gulf of Finland, between Sweden and Russia" );; line 37637 (wfb::map_references finland "Europe" );; line 37642 (wfb::area finland total_area (* 337030 sq_km) );; line 37647 (wfb::area finland land_area (* 305470 sq_km) );; line 37649 (wfb::area finland comparative_area "slightly smaller than Montana" );; line 37651 (wfb::borders finland total (* 2628 km) );; line 37655 (wfb::borders finland norway (* 729 km) );; line 37655 (wfb::borders finland sweden (* 586 km) );; line 37655 (wfb::borders finland russia (* 1313 km) );; line 37655 (wfb::comment coastline finland "excludes islands and coastal indentations" );; line 37659 (wfb::coastline finland (* 1126 km) );; line 37659 (wfb::maritime_claims finland contiguous_zone (* 6 nm) );; line 37664 (wfb::maritime_claims finland exclusive_fishing_zone (* 12 nm) );; line 37668 (wfb::maritime_claims finland territorial_sea (* 4 nm) );; line 37670 (wfb::international_disputes finland "none" );; line 37674 (wfb::climate finland "cold temperate" );; line 37678 (wfb::climate finland "potentially subarctic, but comparatively mild because of moderating influence of the North Atlantic Current, Baltic Sea, and more than 60,000 lakes" );; line 37678 (wfb::terrain finland "mostly low, flat to rolling plains interspersed with lakes and low hills" );; line 37684 (wfb::natural-resource finland timber );; line 37689 (wfb::natural-resource finland copper );; line 37689 (wfb::natural-resource finland zinc );; line 37689 (wfb::natural-resource finland iron_ore );; line 37689 (wfb::natural-resource finland silver );; line 37689 (wfb::land_use finland arable_land (* 8 %) );; line 37694 (wfb::land_use finland permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 37696 (wfb::land_use finland meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 37698 (wfb::land_use finland forest_and_woodland (* 76 %) );; line 37700 (wfb::land_use finland other (* 16 %) );; line 37702 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land finland date_1989 );; line 37706 (wfb::irrigated_land finland (* 620 sq_km) );; line 37706 (wfb::environment finland current_issues "air pollution from manufacturing and power plants contributing to acid rain" );; line 37711 (wfb::environment finland current_issues "water pollution from industrial wastes, agricultural chemicals" );; line 37711 (wfb::environment finland current_issues "habitat loss threatens wildlife populations" );; line 37711 (wfb::environment finland natural_hazards "NA" );; line 37715 (wfb::environment finland international_agreements "party to - Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands, Whaling" );; line 37717 (wfb::environment finland international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Desertification, Law of the Sea" );; line 37717 (wfb::note finland "long boundary with Russia; Helsinki is northernmost national capital on European continent; population concentrated on small southwestern coastal plain" );; line 37727 (wfb::estimation-date population finland date_jul_1995 );; line 37735 (wfb::population finland 5085206 );; line 37735 (wfb::age_structure finland 0-14_years (* 19 %) );; line 37740 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex finland 0-14_years female 469666 );; line 37740 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex finland 0-14_years male 491484 );; line 37740 (wfb::age_structure finland 15-64_years (* 67 %) );; line 37742 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex finland 15-64_years female 1683371 );; line 37742 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex finland 15-64_years male 1716307 );; line 37742 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure finland 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 37744 (wfb::age_structure finland 65_years_and_over (* 14 %) );; line 37744 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex finland 65_years_and_over female 457061 );; line 37744 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex finland 65_years_and_over male 267317 );; line 37744 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate finland date_1995 );; line 37748 (wfb::population_growth_rate finland (* 0.3 %) );; line 37748 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate finland date_1995 );; line 37752 (wfb::birth_rate finland (* 12.22 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 37752 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate finland date_1995 );; line 37756 (wfb::death_rate finland (* 9.77 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 37756 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate finland date_1995 );; line 37760 (wfb::net_migration_rate finland (* 0.59 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 37760 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate finland date_1995 );; line 37764 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate finland (* 5.2 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 37764 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth finland total_population (* 76.22 years) );; line 37769 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth finland male (* 72.51 years) );; line 37771 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth finland female date_1995 );; line 37773 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth finland female (* 80.11 years) );; line 37773 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate finland date_1995 );; line 37777 (wfb::total_fertility_rate finland (* 1.79 children_born/woman) );; line 37777 (wfb::nationality finland noun "Finn(s)" );; line 37782 (wfb::nationality finland adjective "Finnish" );; line 37784 (wfb::ethnic-entity finland finn n/a );; line 37788 (wfb::ethnic-entity finland swede n/a );; line 37788 (wfb::ethnic-entity finland lapp n/a );; line 37788 (wfb::ethnic-entity finland gypsy n/a );; line 37788 (wfb::ethnic-entity finland tatar n/a );; line 37788 (wfb::religion finland evangelical_lutheran (* 89 %) );; line 37792 (wfb::religion finland greek_orthodox (* 1 %) );; line 37792 (wfb::language finland finnish (* 93.5 %) );; line 37796 (wfb::comment language finland finnish "official" );; line 37796 (wfb::language finland swedish (* 6.3 %) );; line 37796 (wfb::comment language finland swedish "official" );; line 37796 (wfb::language finland small_lapp-_and_russian-speaking_minorities n/a );; line 37796 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition finland date_1980 );; line 37801 (wfb::literacy-condition finland "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 37801 (wfb::literacy finland total_population (* 100 %) );; line 37803 (wfb::total_labor_force finland 2.533e6 );; line 37807 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation finland public_services (* 30.4 %) );; line 37809 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation finland industry (* 20.9 %) );; line 37809 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation finland commerce (* 15.0 %) );; line 37809 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation finland finance-occupation-type n/a );; line 37809 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation finland insurance-occupation-type n/a );; line 37809 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation finland business_services (* 10.2 %) );; line 37809 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation finland agriculture_and_forestry (* 8.6 %) );; line 37809 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation finland transport_and_communications (* 7.7 %) );; line 37809 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation finland construction (* 7.2 %) );; line 37809 (wfb::names finland conventional_long_form "Republic of Finland" );; line 37817 (wfb::names finland conventional_short_form "Finland" );; line 37819 (wfb::names finland local_long_form "Suomen Tasavalta" );; line 37821 (wfb::names finland local_short_form "Suomi" );; line 37823 (wfb::digraph finland "FI" );; line 37827 (wfb::type finland "republic" );; line 37831 (wfb::capital finland helsinki-finland );; line 37835 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_finland_provinces "provinces" "laanit" "laani" );; line 37839 (wfb::administrative_divisions finland adm_div_finland_provinces 12 );; line 37839 (wfb::administrative_division_of finland adm_div_finland_provinces "Ahvenanmaa" );; line 37839 (wfb::administrative_division_of finland adm_div_finland_provinces "Hame" );; line 37839 (wfb::administrative_division_of finland adm_div_finland_provinces "Keski-Suomi" );; line 37839 (wfb::administrative_division_of finland adm_div_finland_provinces "Kuopio" );; line 37839 (wfb::administrative_division_of finland adm_div_finland_provinces "Kymi" );; line 37839 (wfb::administrative_division_of finland adm_div_finland_provinces "Lappi" );; line 37839 (wfb::administrative_division_of finland adm_div_finland_provinces "Mikkeli" );; line 37839 (wfb::administrative_division_of finland adm_div_finland_provinces "Oulu" );; line 37839 (wfb::administrative_division_of finland adm_div_finland_provinces "Pohjois-Karjala" );; line 37839 (wfb::administrative_division_of finland adm_div_finland_provinces "Turku ja Pori" );; line 37839 (wfb::administrative_division_of finland adm_div_finland_provinces "Uusimaa" );; line 37839 (wfb::administrative_division_of finland adm_div_finland_provinces "Vaasa" );; line 37839 (wfb::independence finland date_6_dec_1917 "Soviet Union" );; line 37845 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1917 );; line 37849 (wfb::comment national_holiday finland "1917" );; line 37849 (wfb::national_holiday finland "Independence Day" date_6_dec );; line 37849 (wfb::constitution finland "17 July 1919" );; line 37853 (wfb::legal_system finland "civil law system based on Swedish law; Supreme Court may request legislation interpreting or modifying laws; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations" );; line 37857 (wfb::comment suffrage finland " universal" );; line 37863 (wfb::suffrage finland (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 37863 (wfb::comment executive_branch finland chief_of_state "election last held 31 January-6 February 1994 (next to be held January 2000)" );; line 37868 (wfb::comment executive_branch finland chief_of_state "results - Martti AHTISAARI 54%, Elisabeth REHN 46%" );; line 37868 (wfb::executive_branch finland chief_of_state "President Martti AHTISAARI " date_1_mar_1994 );; line 37868 (wfb::comment executive_branch finland head_of_government "Deputy Prime Minister Sauli NIINISTO (since 13 April 1995)" );; line 37872 (wfb::executive_branch finland head_of_government "Prime Minister Paavo LIPPONEN " date_13_apr_1995 );; line 37872 (wfb::comment executive_branch finland cabinet "appointed by the president, responsible to Parliament" );; line 37875 (wfb::executive_branch finland cabinet "Council of State (Valtioneuvosto)" );; line 37875 (wfb::legislative_structure finland unicameral n/a );; line 37880 (wfb::legislative_branch finland "Parliament (Eduskunta)" "elections last held 19 March 1995 (next to be held March 1999); results - Social Democratic Party 28.3%, Center Party 19.9%, National Coalition (Conservative) Party 17.9%, Leftist Alliance (Communist) 11.2%, Swedish People's Party 5.1%, Green League 6.5%, Ecology Party 0.3%, Rural 1.3%, Finnish Christian League 3.0%, Liberal People's Party 0.6%, Young Finns 2.8%; seats - (200 total) Social Democratic Party 63, Center Party 44, National Coalition (Conservative) Party 39, Leftist Alliance (Communist) 22, Swedish People's Party 11, Green League 9, Ecology Party 1, Rural 1, Finnish Christian League 7, Young Finns 2, Aaland Islands 1" );; line 37882 (wfb::judicial_branch finland "Supreme Court (Korkein Oikeus)" );; line 37894 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders finland government_coalition "Social Democratic Party, Paavo LIPPONEN; National Coalition (conservative) Party, Sauli NIINISTO; Leftist Alliance (Communist) People's Democratic League and Democratic Alternative, Claes ANDERSON; Swedish People's Party, (Johan) Ole NORRBACK; Green League, Pekka HAAVISTO" );; line 37899 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders finland other "Center Party, Esko AHO; Finnish Christian League, Toimi KANKAANNIEMI; Rural Party, Tina MAKELA; Liberal People's Party, Tuulikki UKKOLA; Greens Ecological Party (EPV); Young Finns" );; line 37904 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups finland "Finnish Communist Party-Unity, Yrjo HAKANEN; Constitutional Rightist Party; Finnish Pensioners Party; Communist Workers Party, Timo LAHDENMAKI" );; line 37910 (wfb::member_of finland afdb );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland ag );; line 37916 (wfb::comment member_of finland ag "observer" );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland asdb );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland australia_group );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland bis );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland cbss );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland ccc );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland ce );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland cern );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland ebrd );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland ece );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland efta );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland esa );; line 37916 (wfb::comment member_of finland esa "associate" );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland eu-international-organization );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland fao );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland g-_9 );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland gatt );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland iadb );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland iaea );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland ibrd );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland icao );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland icc );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland icftu );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland icrm );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland ida );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland iea );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland ifad );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland ifc );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland ifrcs );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland ilo );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland imf );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland imo );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland inmarsat );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland intelsat );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland interpol );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland ioc );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland iom );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland iso );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland itu );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland mtcr );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland nacc );; line 37916 (wfb::comment member_of finland nacc "observer" );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland nam );; line 37916 (wfb::comment member_of finland nam "guest" );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland nc );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland nea );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland nib );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland nsg );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland oas );; line 37916 (wfb::comment member_of finland oas "observer" );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland oecd );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland osce );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland pca );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland pfp );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland un );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland unctad );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland undof );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland unesco );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland unficyp );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland unhcr );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland unido );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland unifil );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland unikom );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland unmogip );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland unprofor );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland untso );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland upu );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland wftu );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland who );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland wipo );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland wmo );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland wto );; line 37916 (wfb::member_of finland zc );; line 37916 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us finland chief_of_mission "Ambassador Jukka VALTASAARI" );; line 37927 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us finland chancery "3301 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 37929 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us finland telephone "[1] (202) 298-5800" );; line 37931 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us finland fax "[1] (202) 298-6030" );; line 37933 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us finland |consulate(s) general| "Los Angeles and New York" );; line 37935 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation finland chief_of_mission "Ambassador Derek N. SHEARER" );; line 37940 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation finland embassy "Itainen Puistotie 14A, FIN-00140, Helsinki" );; line 37942 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation finland mailing_address "APO AE 09723" );; line 37944 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation finland telephone "[358] (0) 171931" );; line 37946 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation finland fax "[358] (0) 174681" );; line 37948 (wfb::flag finland "white with a blue cross that extends to the edges of the flag; the vertical part of the cross is shifted to the hoist side in the style of the DANNEBROG (Danish flag)" );; line 37952 (wfb::overview finland "Finland has a highly industrialized, largely free market economy, with per capita output two-thirds of the US figure. Its key economic sector is manufacturing - principally the wood, metals, and engineering industries. Trade is important, with the export of goods representing about 30% of GDP. Except for timber and several minerals, Finland depends on imports of raw materials, energy, and some components for manufactured goods. Because of the climate, agricultural development is limited to maintaining self-sufficiency in basic products. Forestry, an important export earner, provides a secondary occupation for the rural population. The economy, which experienced an average of 4.9% annual growth between 1987 and 1989, sank into deep recession in 1991 as GDP contracted by 6.5%. The recession - which continued in 1992 with GDP contracting by 4.1% - has been caused by economic overheating, depressed foreign markets, and the dismantling of the barter system between Finland and the former Soviet Union under which Soviet oil and gas had been exchanged for Finnish manufactured goods. The Finnish Government has proposed efforts to increase industrial competitiveness and efficiency by an increase in exports to Western markets, cuts in public expenditures, partial privatization of state enterprises, and changes in monetary policy. In June 1991 Helsinki had tied the markka to the European Union's (EU) European Currency Unit (ECU) to promote stability. Ongoing speculation resulting from a lack of confidence in the government's policies forced Helsinki to devalue the markka by about 12% in November 1991 and to indefinitely break the link in September 1992. The devaluations have boosted the competitiveness of Finnish exports. The recession bottomed out in 1993, and Finland participated in the general European upturn of 1994. Unemployment probably will remain a serious problem during the next few years; the majority of Finnish firms face a weak domestic market and the troubled German and Swedish export markets. The Finns voted in an October 1994 referendum to enter the EU, and Finland officially joined the Union on 1 January 1995. Increasing integration with Western Europe will dominate the economic picture over the next few years." );; line 37959 (wfb::estimation-date national_product finland date_1994 );; line 37992 (wfb::national_product finland (* 81.8e9 $) );; line 37992 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate finland date_1994 );; line 37996 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate finland (* 3.5 %) );; line 37996 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita finland date_1994 );; line 38000 (wfb::national_product_per_capita finland (* 16140 $) );; line 38000 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| finland "2.1% (1992)" );; line 38004 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate finland date_1993 );; line 38008 (wfb::unemployment_rate finland (* 22 %) );; line 38008 (wfb::budget finland revenues (* 21.7e9 $) );; line 38013 (wfb::estimation-date budget finland date_1993 );; line 38015 (wfb::budget finland expenditures (* 31.7e9 $) );; line 38015 (wfb::budget finland capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 38015 (wfb::exports finland (* 23.4e9 $) );; line 38019 (wfb::exports finland commodities paper_and_pulp n/a );; line 38021 (wfb::exports finland commodities machinery n/a );; line 38021 (wfb::exports finland commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 38021 (wfb::exports finland commodities metals n/a );; line 38021 (wfb::exports finland commodities timber-commodity n/a );; line 38021 (wfb::measurement-date exports finland date_1992 );; line 38023 (wfb::comment exports finland "Germany 15.6%, UK 10.7%" );; line 38023 (wfb::exports finland partners ec (* 53.2 %) );; line 38023 (wfb::comment exports finland "Sweden 12.8%" );; line 38023 (wfb::exports finland partners efta-georef (* 19.5 %) );; line 38023 (wfb::exports finland partners us (* 5.9 %) );; line 38023 (wfb::exports finland partners japan (* 1.3 %) );; line 38023 (wfb::exports finland partners russia (* 2.8 %) );; line 38023 (wfb::imports finland (* 18e9 $) );; line 38028 (wfb::imports finland commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 38030 (wfb::imports finland commodities petroleum_and_petroleum_products n/a );; line 38030 (wfb::imports finland commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 38030 (wfb::imports finland commodities transport_equipment n/a );; line 38030 (wfb::imports finland commodities iron_and_steel n/a );; line 38030 (wfb::imports finland commodities machinery n/a );; line 38030 (wfb::imports finland commodities textile_yarn_and_fabrics n/a );; line 38030 (wfb::imports finland commodities fodder_grains n/a );; line 38030 (wfb::measurement-date imports finland date_1992 );; line 38034 (wfb::comment imports finland "Germany 16.9%, UK 8.7%" );; line 38034 (wfb::imports finland partners ec (* 47.2 %) );; line 38034 (wfb::comment imports finland "Sweden 11.7%" );; line 38034 (wfb::imports finland partners efta-georef (* 19.0 %) );; line 38034 (wfb::imports finland partners us (* 6.1 %) );; line 38034 (wfb::imports finland partners japan (* 5.5 %) );; line 38034 (wfb::imports finland partners russia (* 7.1 %) );; line 38034 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt finland date_dec_1993 );; line 38039 (wfb::external_debt finland (* 30e9 $) );; line 38039 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 38043 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production finland date_1993 );; line 38043 (wfb::industrial_production finland growth_rate (* 5 %) );; line 38043 (wfb::industrial_production finland accounts_for (* 28 %_of_gdp) );; line 38043 (wfb::electricity finland capacity (* 13360000 kw) );; line 38048 (wfb::electricity finland production (* 58e9 kwh) );; line 38050 (wfb::measurement-date electricity finland consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 38052 (wfb::electricity finland consumption_per_capita (* 12196 kwh) );; line 38052 (wfb::industry finland metal_products );; line 38056 (wfb::industry finland shipbuilding );; line 38056 (wfb::industry finland |forestry and wood processing (pulp, paper)| );; line 38056 (wfb::industry finland copper_refining );; line 38056 (wfb::industry finland foodstuffs-industry );; line 38056 (wfb::industry finland chemicals );; line 38056 (wfb::industry finland textiles );; line 38056 (wfb::industry finland clothing );; line 38056 (wfb::agriculture finland "accounts for 7% of GDP (including forestry); livestock production, especially dairy cattle, predominates; main crops - cereals, sugar beets, potatoes; 85% self-sufficient, but short of foodgrains and fodder grains; annual fish catch about 160,000 metric tons" );; line 38061 (wfb::illicit_drugs finland "transshipment point for Latin American cocaine for the West European market" );; line 38068 (wfb::economic_aid finland donor "ODA and OOF commitments (1970-89), $2.7 billion" );; line 38074 (wfb::abbreviation |markka (FMk) or Finmark| "n/a" );; line 38078 (wfb::currency finland |markka (FMk) or Finmark| 100 pennia );; line 38078 (wfb::exchange_rates finland "markkaa (FMk) per US$1 - 4.7358 (January 1995), 5.2235 (1994), 5.7123 (1993), 4.4794 (1992), 4.0440 (1991), 3.8235 (1990)" );; line 38082 (wfb::fiscal_year finland date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 38087 (wfb::railroads finland total "5,864 km" );; line 38093 (wfb::railroads finland broad_gauge "5,864 km 1.524-m gauge (1,710 km electrified; 480 km multiple track)" );; line 38095 (wfb::highways finland total (* 76755 km) );; line 38101 (wfb::comment highways finland paved "318 km of expressways" );; line 38103 (wfb::highways finland (union bituminous_concrete bituminous_treated_soil ) (* 47588 km) );; line 38103 (wfb::measurement-date highways finland date_1992 );; line 38106 (wfb::comment highways finland unpaved "1992" );; line 38106 (wfb::measurement-date highways finland unpaved gravel date_1992 );; line 38106 (wfb::highways finland gravel (* 29167 km) );; line 38106 (wfb::inland_waterways finland "6,675 km total (including Saimaa Canal); 3,700 km suitable for steamers" );; line 38110 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 580 km) );; line 38115 (wfb::port finland hamina-finland );; line 38119 (wfb::port finland helsinki-finland );; line 38119 (wfb::port finland kokkola-finland );; line 38119 (wfb::port finland kotka-finland );; line 38119 (wfb::port finland loviisa-finland );; line 38119 (wfb::port finland oulu-finland );; line 38119 (wfb::port finland pori-finland );; line 38119 (wfb::port finland rauma-finland );; line 38119 (wfb::port finland turku-finland );; line 38119 (wfb::port finland uusikaupunki-finland );; line 38119 (wfb::port finland varkaus-finland );; line 38119 (wfb::merchant_marine finland total "93 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,050,270 GRT/1,080,150 DWT" );; line 38125 (wfb::merchant_marine finland ships_by_type "bulk 7, cargo 20, chemical tanker 5, liquefied gas tanker 3, oil tanker 12, passenger 3, refrigerated cargo 1, roll-on/roll-off cargo 31, short-sea passenger 10, vehicle carrier 1" );; line 38127 (wfb::airports finland total 159 );; line 38134 (wfb::airports finland |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 3 );; line 38136 (wfb::airports finland |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 23 );; line 38138 (wfb::airports finland |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 13 );; line 38140 (wfb::airports finland |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 21 );; line 38142 (wfb::airports finland with_paved_runways_under_914_m 94 );; line 38144 (wfb::airports finland |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 5 );; line 38146 (wfb::telephone_system finland "3,140,000 telephones; good service from cable and microwave radio relay network" );; line 38151 (wfb::telephone_system finland local "NA" );; line 38154 (wfb::telephone_system finland intercity "cable and microwave radio relay" );; line 38156 (wfb::telephone_system finland international "1 submarine cable; INTELSAT satellite transmission service via Swedish earth station and a receive-only INTELSAT earth station near Helsinki for TV programs" );; line 38158 (wfb::radio finland broadcast_stations am 6 );; line 38165 (wfb::radio finland broadcast_stations fm 105 );; line 38165 (wfb::radio finland broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 38165 (wfb::radio finland radios n/a );; line 38167 (wfb::television finland broadcast_stations 235 );; line 38172 (wfb::television finland televisions n/a );; line 38174 (wfb::defense_branch finland army_finland );; line 38180 (wfb::defense_branch finland navy_finland );; line 38180 (wfb::defense_branch finland air_force_finland );; line 38180 (wfb::comment defense_branch finland frontier_guard_finland "includes Sea Guard" );; line 38180 (wfb::defense_branch finland frontier_guard_finland );; line 38180 (wfb::manpower_availability finland "males age 15-49 1,318,231; males fit for military service 1,083,749; males reach military age (17) annually 33,085 (1995 est.)" );; line 38184 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures finland date_1994 );; line 38189 (wfb::defense_expenditures finland (* 1.86e9 $) );; line 38189 (wfb::markup-parameter figure france "graphno=\"fr.tif\"" );; line 38196 (wfb::location france "Western Europe, bordering the Bay of Biscay and English Channel, between Belgium and Spain southeast of the UK; bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Italy and Spain" );; line 38200 (wfb::map_references france "Europe" );; line 38206 (wfb::area france total_area (* 547030 sq_km) );; line 38211 (wfb::area france land_area (* 545630 sq_km) );; line 38213 (wfb::area france comparative_area "slightly more than twice the size of Colorado" );; line 38215 (wfb::comment area france "includes Corsica and the rest of metropolitan France, but excludes the overseas administrative divisions" );; line 38217 (wfb::borders france total (* 2892.4 km) );; line 38222 (wfb::borders france andorra (* 60 km) );; line 38222 (wfb::borders france belgium (* 620 km) );; line 38222 (wfb::borders france germany (* 451 km) );; line 38222 (wfb::borders france italy (* 488 km) );; line 38222 (wfb::borders france luxembourg (* 73 km) );; line 38222 (wfb::borders france monaco (* 4.4 km) );; line 38222 (wfb::borders france spain (* 623 km) );; line 38222 (wfb::borders france switzerland (* 573 km) );; line 38222 (wfb::comment coastline france "mainland 2,783 km, Corsica 644 km" );; line 38228 (wfb::coastline france (* 3427 km) );; line 38228 (wfb::maritime_claims france contiguous_zone (* 24 nm) );; line 38233 (wfb::maritime_claims france exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 38237 (wfb::maritime_claims france territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 38239 (wfb::international_disputes france "Madagascar claims Bassas da India, Europa Island, Glorioso Islands, Juan de Nova Island, and Tromelin Island" );; line 38243 (wfb::international_disputes france "Comoros claims Mayotte" );; line 38243 (wfb::international_disputes france "Mauritius claims Tromelin Island" );; line 38243 (wfb::international_disputes france "Seychelles claims Tromelin Island" );; line 38243 (wfb::international_disputes france "Suriname claims part of French Guiana" );; line 38243 (wfb::international_disputes france "Mexico claims Clipperton Island" );; line 38243 (wfb::international_disputes france "territorial claim in Antarctica (Adelie Land)" );; line 38243 (wfb::international_disputes france "Saint Pierre and Miquelon is focus of maritime boundary dispute between Canada and France" );; line 38243 (wfb::climate france "generally cool winters and mild summers, but mild winters and hot summers along the Mediterranean" );; line 38252 (wfb::terrain france "mostly flat plains or gently rolling hills in north and west" );; line 38257 (wfb::terrain france "remainder is mountainous, especially Pyrenees in south, Alps in east" );; line 38257 (wfb::natural-resource france coal );; line 38262 (wfb::natural-resource france iron_ore );; line 38262 (wfb::natural-resource france bauxite );; line 38262 (wfb::natural-resource france fish );; line 38262 (wfb::natural-resource france timber );; line 38262 (wfb::natural-resource france zinc );; line 38262 (wfb::natural-resource france potash );; line 38262 (wfb::land_use france arable_land (* 32 %) );; line 38267 (wfb::land_use france permanent_crops (* 2 %) );; line 38269 (wfb::land_use france meadows_and_pastures (* 23 %) );; line 38271 (wfb::land_use france forest_and_woodland (* 27 %) );; line 38273 (wfb::land_use france other (* 16 %) );; line 38275 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land france date_1989 );; line 38279 (wfb::irrigated_land france (* 11600 sq_km) );; line 38279 (wfb::environment france current_issues "some forest damage from acid rain" );; line 38284 (wfb::environment france current_issues "air pollution from industrial and vehicle emissions" );; line 38284 (wfb::environment france current_issues "water pollution from urban wastes, agricultural runoff" );; line 38284 (wfb::environment france natural_hazards "flooding" );; line 38288 (wfb::environment france international_agreements "party to - Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands, Whaling" );; line 38290 (wfb::environment france international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Desertification, Law of the Sea" );; line 38290 (wfb::note france "largest West European nation; occasional warm tropical wind known as mistral" );; line 38299 (wfb::estimation-date population france date_jul_1995 );; line 38306 (wfb::population france 58109160 );; line 38306 (wfb::age_structure france 0-14_years (* 19 %) );; line 38311 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex france 0-14_years female 5438447 );; line 38311 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex france 0-14_years male 5700143 );; line 38311 (wfb::age_structure france 15-64_years (* 65 %) );; line 38313 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex france 15-64_years female 18889771 );; line 38313 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex france 15-64_years male 19001536 );; line 38313 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure france 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 38315 (wfb::age_structure france 65_years_and_over (* 16 %) );; line 38315 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex france 65_years_and_over female 5433276 );; line 38315 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex france 65_years_and_over male 3645987 );; line 38315 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate france date_1995 );; line 38319 (wfb::population_growth_rate france (* 0.46 %) );; line 38319 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate france date_1995 );; line 38323 (wfb::birth_rate france (* 13 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 38323 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate france date_1995 );; line 38327 (wfb::death_rate france (* 9.29 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 38327 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate france date_1995 );; line 38331 (wfb::net_migration_rate france (* 0.86 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 38331 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate france date_1995 );; line 38335 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate france (* 6.5 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 38335 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth france total_population (* 78.37 years) );; line 38340 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth france male (* 74.5 years) );; line 38342 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth france female date_1995 );; line 38344 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth france female (* 82.44 years) );; line 38344 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate france date_1995 );; line 38348 (wfb::total_fertility_rate france (* 1.8 children_born/woman) );; line 38348 (wfb::nationality france noun "Frenchman(men), Frenchwoman(women)" );; line 38353 (wfb::nationality france adjective "French" );; line 38355 (wfb::ethnic-entity france celtic_and_latin_with_teutonic n/a );; line 38359 (wfb::ethnic-entity france slavic n/a );; line 38359 (wfb::ethnic-entity france north_african n/a );; line 38359 (wfb::ethnic-entity france indochinese n/a );; line 38359 (wfb::ethnic-entity france basque_minorities n/a );; line 38359 (wfb::religion france roman_catholic (* 90 %) );; line 38364 (wfb::religion france protestant (* 2 %) );; line 38364 (wfb::religion france jewish (* 1 %) );; line 38364 (wfb::religion france |Muslim (North African workers)| (* 1 %) );; line 38364 (wfb::religion france unaffiliated (* 6 %) );; line 38364 (wfb::language france french (* 100 %) );; line 38369 (wfb::language france rapidly_declining_regional_dialects_and_languages n/a );; line 38369 (wfb::comment language france rapidly_declining_regional_dialects_and_languages "Provencal, Breton, Alsatian, Corsican, Catalan, Basque, Flemish" );; line 38369 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition france date_1991 );; line 38374 (wfb::literacy-condition france "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 38374 (wfb::literacy france total_population (* 99 %) );; line 38376 (wfb::total_labor_force france 24.17e6 );; line 38380 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force france by_occupation date_1987 );; line 38382 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1987 );; line 38382 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation france services (* 61.5 %) );; line 38382 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation france industry (* 31.3 %) );; line 38382 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation france agriculture (* 7.2 %) );; line 38382 (wfb::names france conventional_long_form "French Republic" );; line 38388 (wfb::names france conventional_short_form "France" );; line 38390 (wfb::names france local_long_form "Republique Francaise" );; line 38392 (wfb::names france local_short_form "France" );; line 38394 (wfb::digraph france "FR" );; line 38398 (wfb::type france "republic" );; line 38402 (wfb::capital france paris-france );; line 38406 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_france_regions "regions" "regions" "region" );; line 38410 (wfb::administrative_divisions france adm_div_france_regions 22 );; line 38410 (wfb::administrative_division_of france adm_div_france_regions "Alsace" );; line 38410 (wfb::administrative_division_of france adm_div_france_regions "Aquitaine" );; line 38410 (wfb::administrative_division_of france adm_div_france_regions "Auvergne" );; line 38410 (wfb::administrative_division_of france adm_div_france_regions "Basse-Normandie" );; line 38410 (wfb::administrative_division_of france adm_div_france_regions "Bourgogne" );; line 38410 (wfb::administrative_division_of france adm_div_france_regions "Bretagne" );; line 38410 (wfb::administrative_division_of france adm_div_france_regions "Centre" );; line 38410 (wfb::administrative_division_of france adm_div_france_regions "Champagne-Ardenne" );; line 38410 (wfb::administrative_division_of france adm_div_france_regions "Corse" );; line 38410 (wfb::administrative_division_of france adm_div_france_regions "Franche-Comte" );; line 38410 (wfb::administrative_division_of france adm_div_france_regions "Haute-Normandie" );; line 38410 (wfb::administrative_division_of france adm_div_france_regions "Ile-de-France" );; line 38410 (wfb::administrative_division_of france adm_div_france_regions "Languedoc-Roussillon" );; line 38410 (wfb::administrative_division_of france adm_div_france_regions "Limousin" );; line 38410 (wfb::administrative_division_of france adm_div_france_regions "Lorraine" );; line 38410 (wfb::administrative_division_of france adm_div_france_regions "Midi-Pyrenees" );; line 38410 (wfb::administrative_division_of france adm_div_france_regions "Nord-Pas-de-Calais" );; line 38410 (wfb::administrative_division_of france adm_div_france_regions "Pays de la Loire" );; line 38410 (wfb::administrative_division_of france adm_div_france_regions "Picardie" );; line 38410 (wfb::administrative_division_of france adm_div_france_regions "Poitou-Charentes" );; line 38410 (wfb::administrative_division_of france adm_div_france_regions "Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur" );; line 38410 (wfb::administrative_division_of france adm_div_france_regions "Rhone-Alpes" );; line 38410 (wfb::comment administrative_divisions france "the 22 regions are subdivided into 96 departments; see separate entries for the overseas departments (French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Reunion) and the territorial collectivities (Mayotte, Saint Pierre and Miquelon)" );; line 38416 (wfb::dependent_areas france "Bassas da India, Clipperton Island, Europa Island, French Polynesia, French Southern and Antarctic Lands, Glorioso Islands, Juan de Nova Island, New Caledonia, Tromelin Island, Wallis and Futuna" );; line 38423 (wfb::comment dependent_areas france "the US does not recognize claims to Antarctica" );; line 38427 (wfb::comment independence france "unified by Clovis" );; line 38431 (wfb::independence france date_486 "n/a" );; line 38431 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1789 );; line 38435 (wfb::comment national_holiday france "1789" );; line 38435 (wfb::constitution france "28 September 1958, amended concerning election of president in 1962, amended to comply with provisions of EC Maastricht Treaty in 1992; amended to tighten immigration laws 1993" );; line 38439 (wfb::legal_system france "civil law system with indigenous concepts; review of administrative but not legislative acts" );; line 38445 (wfb::comment suffrage france " universal" );; line 38450 (wfb::suffrage france (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 38450 (wfb::comment executive_branch france chief_of_state "election last held 8 May 1988 (next to be held by May 1995)" );; line 38455 (wfb::comment executive_branch france chief_of_state "results - Second Ballot Francois MITTERRAND 54%, Jacques CHIRAC 46%" );; line 38455 (wfb::executive_branch france chief_of_state "President Francois MITTERRAND " date_21_may_1981 );; line 38455 (wfb::executive_branch france head_of_government "Prime Minister Edouard BALLADUR " date_29_mar_1993 );; line 38459 (wfb::comment executive_branch france cabinet "appointed by the president on the suggestion of the prime minister" );; line 38461 (wfb::executive_branch france cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 38461 (wfb::legislative_structure france bicameral "Parliament (Parlement)" );; line 38466 (wfb::legislative_branch france "Senate (Senat)" "elections last held 27 September 1992 (next to be held September 1995; nine-year term, elected by thirds every three years); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (321 total; 296 metropolitan France, 13 for overseas departments and territories, and 12 for French nationals abroad) RPR 91, UDF 142, PS 66, PCF 16, independents 2, other 4" );; line 38468 (wfb::legislative_branch france "National Assembly (Assemblee Nationale)" "elections last held 21 and 28 March 1993 (next to be held NA 1998); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (577 total) RPR 247, UDF 213, PS 67, PCF 24, independents 26" );; line 38474 (wfb::judicial_branch france "Constitutional Court (Cour Constitutionnelle)" );; line 38480 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders france "Rally for the Republic (RPR), Alain JUPPE, interim head; Union for French Democracy (UDF, coalition of PR, CDS, RAD, PSD), Valery Giscard d'ESTAING; Republican Party (PR), Gerard LONGUET; Center for Social Democrats (CDS), Francois BAYROU; Radical (RAD), Yves GALLAND; Socialist Party (PS), Henri EMMANUELLI; Left Radical Movement (MRG), Jean-Francois HORY; Communist Party (PCF), Robert HUE; National Front (FN), Jean-Marie LE PEN; The Greens, Antoine WAECHTER, Jean-Louis VIDAL, Guy CAMBOT; Generation Ecology (GE), Brice LALONDE" );; line 38484 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups france "Communist-controlled labor union (Confederation Generale du Travail - CGT) nearly 2.4 million members (claimed); Socialist-leaning labor union (Confederation Francaise Democratique du Travail or CFDT) about 800,000 members (est.); independent labor union (Force Ouvriere) 1 million members (est.); independent white-collar union (Confederation Generale des Cadres) 340,000 members (claimed); National Council of French Employers (Conseil National du Patronat Francais - CNPF or Patronat)" );; line 38495 (wfb::member_of france acct );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france afdb );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france ag );; line 38505 (wfb::comment member_of france ag "observer" );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france asdb );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france australia_group );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france bdeac );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france bis );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france ccc );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france cdb );; line 38505 (wfb::comment member_of france cdb "non-regional" );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france ce );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france cern );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france ebrd );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france ec-international-organization );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france eca );; line 38505 (wfb::comment member_of france eca "associate" );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france ece );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france eclac );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france eib );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france esa );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france escap );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france fao );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france fz );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france g-_5 );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france g-_7 );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france g-10 );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france gatt );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france iadb );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france iaea );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france ibrd );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france icao );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france icc );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france icftu );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france icrm );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france ida );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france iea );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france ifad );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france ifc );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france ifrcs );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france ilo );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france imf );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france imo );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france inmarsat );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france intelsat );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france interpol );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france ioc );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france iom );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france iso );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france itu );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france minurso );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france mtcr );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france nacc );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france nato );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france nea );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france nsg );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france oas );; line 38505 (wfb::comment member_of france oas "observer" );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france oecd );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france onusal );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france osce );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france pca );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france spc );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france un );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france un_security_council );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france unctad );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france unesco );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france unhcr );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france unido );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france unifil );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france unikom );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france unitar );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france unmih );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france unprofor );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france unrwa );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france untso );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france unu );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france upu );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france wcl );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france weu );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france wftu );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france who );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france wipo );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france wmo );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france wto );; line 38505 (wfb::member_of france zc );; line 38505 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us france chief_of_mission "Ambassador Jacques ANDREANI" );; line 38517 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us france chancery "4101 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, DC 20007" );; line 38519 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us france telephone "[1] (202) 944-6000" );; line 38521 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us france |consulate(s) general| "Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Honolulu, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New Orleans, New York, San Francisco, and San Juan (Puerto Rico)" );; line 38523 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation france chief_of_mission "Ambassador Pamela C. HARRIMAN" );; line 38529 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation france embassy "2 Avenue Gabriel, 75382 Paris Cedex 08" );; line 38531 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation france mailing_address "Unit 21551, Paris; APO AE 09777" );; line 38533 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation france telephone "[33] (1) 42 96 12 02, 42 61 80 75" );; line 38535 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation france fax "[33] (1) 42 66 97 83" );; line 38537 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation france |consulate(s) general| "Bordeaux, Marseille, Strasbourg" );; line 38539 (wfb::flag france "three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), white, and red; known as the French Tricouleur (Tricolor); the design and colors are similar to a number of other flags, including those of Belgium, Chad, Ireland, Cote d'Ivoire, and Luxembourg; the official flag for all French dependent areas" );; line 38543 (wfb::overview france "One of the world's most highly developed economies, France has substantial agricultural resources and a diversified modern industrial sector. Large tracts of fertile land, the application of modern technology, and subsidies have combined to make it the leading agricultural producer in Western Europe. Largely self-sufficient in agricultural products, France is a major exporter of wheat and dairy products. The industrial sector generates about one-quarter of GDP, and the growing services sector has become crucial to the economy. Following stagnation and recession in 1991-93, French GDP in 1994 expanded 2.4%. Growth in 1995 is expected to be in the 3.0% to 3.5% range. Persistently high unemployment will still pose a major problem for the government. Paris remains committed to maintaining the franc-deutsche mark parity, which has kept French interest rates high despite France's low inflation. Although the pace of economic and financial integration within the European Union has slowed down, integration presumably will remain a major force shaping the fortunes of the various economic sectors over the next few years." );; line 38552 (wfb::estimation-date national_product france date_1994 );; line 38570 (wfb::national_product france (* 1.0801e12 $) );; line 38570 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate france date_1994 );; line 38574 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate france (* 2.4 %) );; line 38574 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita france date_1994 );; line 38578 (wfb::national_product_per_capita france (* 18670 $) );; line 38578 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| france "1.6% (1994)" );; line 38582 (wfb::budget france revenues (* 220.5e9 $) );; line 38591 (wfb::budget france expenditures (* 249.1e9 $) );; line 38593 (wfb::exports france (* 249.2e9 $) );; line 38598 (wfb::exports france commodities machinery_and_transportation_equipment n/a );; line 38600 (wfb::exports france commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 38600 (wfb::exports france commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 38600 (wfb::exports france commodities agricultural_products n/a );; line 38600 (wfb::exports france commodities iron_and_steel_products n/a );; line 38600 (wfb::exports france commodities textiles_and_clothing n/a );; line 38600 (wfb::estimation-date exports france date_1991 );; line 38603 (wfb::exports france partners germany (* 18.6 %) );; line 38603 (wfb::exports france partners italy (* 11.0 %) );; line 38603 (wfb::exports france partners spain (* 11.0 %) );; line 38603 (wfb::exports france partners belgium-luxembourg (* 9.1 %) );; line 38603 (wfb::exports france partners uk (* 8.8 %) );; line 38603 (wfb::exports france partners netherlands (* 7.9 %) );; line 38603 (wfb::exports france partners us (* 6.4 %) );; line 38603 (wfb::exports france partners japan (* 2.0 %) );; line 38603 (wfb::exports france partners fsu (* 0.7 %) );; line 38603 (wfb::imports france (* 238.1e9 $) );; line 38608 (wfb::imports france commodities crude_oil n/a );; line 38610 (wfb::imports france commodities machinery_and_equipment n/a );; line 38610 (wfb::imports france commodities agricultural_products n/a );; line 38610 (wfb::imports france commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 38610 (wfb::imports france commodities iron_and_steel_products n/a );; line 38610 (wfb::estimation-date imports france date_1991 );; line 38613 (wfb::imports france partners germany (* 17.8 %) );; line 38613 (wfb::imports france partners italy (* 10.9 %) );; line 38613 (wfb::imports france partners us (* 9.5 %) );; line 38613 (wfb::imports france partners netherlands (* 8.9 %) );; line 38613 (wfb::imports france partners spain (* 8.8 %) );; line 38613 (wfb::imports france partners belgium-luxembourg (* 8.5 %) );; line 38613 (wfb::imports france partners uk (* 7.5 %) );; line 38613 (wfb::imports france partners japan (* 4.1 %) );; line 38613 (wfb::imports france partners fsu (* 1.3 %) );; line 38613 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt france date_1993 );; line 38618 (wfb::external_debt france (* 300e9 $) );; line 38618 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 38622 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production france date_1994 );; line 38622 (wfb::industrial_production france growth_rate (* 2.6 %) );; line 38622 (wfb::electricity france capacity (* 105250000 kw) );; line 38627 (wfb::electricity france production (* 447e9 kwh) );; line 38629 (wfb::measurement-date electricity france consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 38631 (wfb::electricity france consumption_per_capita (* 6149 kwh) );; line 38631 (wfb::industry france steel );; line 38635 (wfb::industry france machinery-industry );; line 38635 (wfb::industry france chemicals );; line 38635 (wfb::industry france automobiles-industry );; line 38635 (wfb::industry france metallurgy );; line 38635 (wfb::industry france aircraft-industry );; line 38635 (wfb::industry france electronics-industry );; line 38635 (wfb::industry france mining );; line 38635 (wfb::industry france textiles );; line 38635 (wfb::industry france food_processing );; line 38635 (wfb::industry france tourism );; line 38635 (wfb::agriculture france "accounts for 4% of GDP (including fishing and forestry); one of the world's top five wheat producers; other principal products - beef, dairy products, cereals, sugar beets, potatoes, wine grapes; self-sufficient for most temperate-zone foods; shortages include fats and oils and tropical produce, but overall net exporter of farm products; fish catch of 850,000 metric tons ranks among world's top 20 countries and is all used domestically" );; line 38640 (wfb::economic_aid france donor "ODA and OOF commitments (1970-89), $75.1 billion" );; line 38650 (wfb::abbreviation french_franc "F" );; line 38654 (wfb::currency france french_franc 100 centimes );; line 38654 (wfb::exchange_rates france "French francs (F) per US$1 - 5.9243 (January 1995), 5.5520 (1994), 5.6632 (1993), 5.2938 (1992), 5.6421 (1991), 5.4453 (1990)" );; line 38658 (wfb::fiscal_year france date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 38663 (wfb::railroads france total "34,074 km" );; line 38669 (wfb::railroads france standard_gauge "33,975 km 1.435-m gauge (5,850 km electrified; 12,132 km double or multiple track)" );; line 38671 (wfb::railroads france other "99 km various gauges including 1.000-m (privately owned and operated) (1994)" );; line 38674 (wfb::highways france total (* 1511200 km) );; line 38680 (wfb::comment highways france paved "including 7,700 km of controlled access divided highway" );; line 38682 (wfb::measurement-date highways france date_1992 );; line 38685 (wfb::inland_waterways france "14,932 km; 6,969 km heavily traveled" );; line 38689 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 3059 km) );; line 38693 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 4487 km) );; line 38693 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 24746 km) );; line 38693 (wfb::port france bordeaux-france );; line 38698 (wfb::port france boulogne-france );; line 38698 (wfb::port france cherbourg-france );; line 38698 (wfb::port france dijon-france );; line 38698 (wfb::port france dunkerque-france );; line 38698 (wfb::port france la_pallice-france );; line 38698 (wfb::port france le_havre-france );; line 38698 (wfb::port france lyon-france );; line 38698 (wfb::port france marseille-france );; line 38698 (wfb::port france mullhouse-france );; line 38698 (wfb::port france nantes-france );; line 38698 (wfb::port france paris-france );; line 38698 (wfb::port france rouen-france );; line 38698 (wfb::port france saint_nazaire-france );; line 38698 (wfb::port france saint_malo-france );; line 38698 (wfb::port france strasbourg-france );; line 38698 (wfb::merchant_marine france total "78 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 2,186,183 GRT/3,323,068 DWT" );; line 38705 (wfb::merchant_marine france ships_by_type "bulk 6, cargo 7, chemical tanker 6, container 15, liquefied gas tanker 4, oil tanker 21, passenger 1, roll-on/roll-off cargo 11, short-sea passenger 5, specialized tanker 2" );; line 38707 (wfb::comment merchant_marine france "France also maintains a captive register for French-owned ships in the Kerguelen Islands (French Southern and Antarctic Lands) and French Polynesia" );; line 38711 (wfb::airports france total 476 );; line 38718 (wfb::airports france |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 12 );; line 38720 (wfb::airports france |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 29 );; line 38722 (wfb::airports france |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 96 );; line 38724 (wfb::airports france |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 74 );; line 38726 (wfb::airports france with_paved_runways_under_914_m 188 );; line 38728 (wfb::airports france |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 3 );; line 38730 (wfb::airports france |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 74 );; line 38732 (wfb::telephone_system france "39,200,000 telephones; highly developed; extensive cable and microwave radio relay networks; large-scale introduction of optical-fiber systems; satellite systems for domestic traffic" );; line 38737 (wfb::telephone_system france local "NA" );; line 38741 (wfb::telephone_system france intercity "microwave radio relay, optical fiber cable, and domestic satellites" );; line 38743 (wfb::telephone_system france international "2 INTELSAT earth stations (with total of 5 antennas - 2 Indian Ocean and 3 for Atlantic Ocean); HF radio communications with more than 20 countries; INMARSAT service; EUTELSAT TV service" );; line 38746 (wfb::radio france broadcast_stations am 41 );; line 38753 (wfb::comment radio france broadcast_stations fm "mostly repeaters" );; line 38753 (wfb::radio france broadcast_stations fm 800 );; line 38753 (wfb::radio france broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 38753 (wfb::radio france radios 48e6 );; line 38755 (wfb::comment television france broadcast_stations "mostly repeaters" );; line 38760 (wfb::television france broadcast_stations 846 );; line 38760 (wfb::television france televisions 36e6 );; line 38762 (wfb::defense_branch france army_france );; line 38768 (wfb::comment defense_branch france navy_france "includes Naval Air" );; line 38768 (wfb::defense_branch france navy_france );; line 38768 (wfb::defense_branch france air_force_and_air_defense_france );; line 38768 (wfb::defense_branch france national_gendarmerie_france );; line 38768 (wfb::manpower_availability france "males age 15-49 14,740,155; males fit for military service 12,258,691; males reach military age (18) annually 378,489 (1995 est.)" );; line 38773 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures france date_1995 );; line 38778 (wfb::defense_expenditures france (* 47.1e9 $) );; line 38778 (wfb::defense_expenditures france (* 3.1 %_of_gdp) );; line 38778 (wfb::markup-parameter figure french_guiana "graphno=\"fg.tif\"" );; line 38784 (wfb::header french_guiana "(overseas department of France)" );; line 38784 (wfb::location french_guiana "Northern South America, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Brazil and Suriname" );; line 38789 (wfb::map_references french_guiana "South America" );; line 38794 (wfb::area french_guiana total_area (* 91000 sq_km) );; line 38799 (wfb::area french_guiana land_area (* 89150 sq_km) );; line 38801 (wfb::area french_guiana comparative_area "slightly smaller than Indiana" );; line 38803 (wfb::borders french_guiana total (* 1183 km) );; line 38807 (wfb::borders french_guiana brazil (* 673 km) );; line 38807 (wfb::borders french_guiana suriname (* 510 km) );; line 38807 (wfb::coastline french_guiana (* 378 km) );; line 38811 (wfb::maritime_claims french_guiana exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 38816 (wfb::maritime_claims french_guiana territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 38818 (wfb::international_disputes french_guiana "Suriname claims area between Riviere Litani and Riviere Marouini (both headwaters of the Lawa)" );; line 38822 (wfb::climate french_guiana "tropical" );; line 38827 (wfb::climate french_guiana "hot, humid" );; line 38827 (wfb::climate french_guiana "little seasonal temperature variation" );; line 38827 (wfb::terrain french_guiana "low-lying coastal plains rising to hills and small mountains" );; line 38831 (wfb::natural-resource french_guiana bauxite );; line 38835 (wfb::natural-resource french_guiana timber );; line 38835 (wfb::natural-resource french_guiana |gold (widely scattered)| );; line 38835 (wfb::natural-resource french_guiana cinnabar );; line 38835 (wfb::natural-resource french_guiana kaolin );; line 38835 (wfb::natural-resource french_guiana fish );; line 38835 (wfb::land_use french_guiana arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 38840 (wfb::land_use french_guiana permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 38842 (wfb::land_use french_guiana meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 38844 (wfb::land_use french_guiana forest_and_woodland (* 82 %) );; line 38846 (wfb::land_use french_guiana other (* 18 %) );; line 38848 (wfb::irrigated_land french_guiana (* n/a sq_km) );; line 38852 (wfb::environment french_guiana current_issues "NA" );; line 38857 (wfb::environment french_guiana natural_hazards "high frequency of heavy showers and severe thunderstorms" );; line 38859 (wfb::environment french_guiana natural_hazards "flooding" );; line 38859 (wfb::environment french_guiana international_agreements "NA" );; line 38862 (wfb::note french_guiana "mostly an unsettled wilderness" );; line 38866 (wfb::estimation-date population french_guiana date_jul_1995 );; line 38872 (wfb::population french_guiana 145270 );; line 38872 (wfb::age_structure french_guiana 0-14_years (* 32 %) );; line 38877 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex french_guiana 0-14_years female 22511 );; line 38877 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex french_guiana 0-14_years male 23535 );; line 38877 (wfb::age_structure french_guiana 15-64_years (* 63 %) );; line 38879 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex french_guiana 15-64_years female 41995 );; line 38879 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex french_guiana 15-64_years male 50064 );; line 38879 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure french_guiana 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 38881 (wfb::age_structure french_guiana 65_years_and_over (* 5 %) );; line 38881 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex french_guiana 65_years_and_over female 3608 );; line 38881 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex french_guiana 65_years_and_over male 3557 );; line 38881 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate french_guiana date_1995 );; line 38885 (wfb::population_growth_rate french_guiana (* 4.13 %) );; line 38885 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate french_guiana date_1995 );; line 38889 (wfb::birth_rate french_guiana (* 25.23 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 38889 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate french_guiana date_1995 );; line 38893 (wfb::death_rate french_guiana (* 4.61 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 38893 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate french_guiana date_1995 );; line 38897 (wfb::net_migration_rate french_guiana (* 20.65 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 38897 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate french_guiana date_1995 );; line 38901 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate french_guiana (* 15.1 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 38901 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth french_guiana total_population (* 75.52 years) );; line 38906 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth french_guiana male (* 72.27 years) );; line 38908 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth french_guiana female date_1995 );; line 38910 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth french_guiana female (* 78.94 years) );; line 38910 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate french_guiana date_1995 );; line 38914 (wfb::total_fertility_rate french_guiana (* 3.46 children_born/woman) );; line 38914 (wfb::nationality french_guiana noun "French Guianese (singular and plural)" );; line 38919 (wfb::nationality french_guiana adjective "French Guianese" );; line 38921 (wfb::ethnic-entity french_guiana black_or_mulatto (* 66 %) );; line 38925 (wfb::ethnic-entity french_guiana caucasian (* 12 %) );; line 38925 (wfb::ethnic-entity french_guiana union7 (* 12 %) );; line 38925 (wfb::religion french_guiana roman_catholic n/a );; line 38930 (wfb::language french_guiana french n/a );; line 38934 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition french_guiana date_1982 );; line 38938 (wfb::literacy-condition french_guiana "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 38938 (wfb::literacy french_guiana total_population (* 83 %) );; line 38940 (wfb::literacy french_guiana male (* 84 %) );; line 38942 (wfb::literacy french_guiana female (* 82 %) );; line 38944 (wfb::total_labor_force french_guiana 23265 );; line 38948 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force french_guiana by_occupation date_1980 );; line 38950 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1980 );; line 38950 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation french_guiana services n/a );; line 38950 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation french_guiana government n/a );; line 38950 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation french_guiana commerce (* 60.6 %) );; line 38950 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation french_guiana industry (* 21.2 %) );; line 38950 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation french_guiana agriculture (* 18.2 %) );; line 38950 (wfb::names french_guiana conventional_long_form "Department of Guiana" );; line 38957 (wfb::names french_guiana conventional_short_form "French Guiana" );; line 38959 (wfb::names french_guiana local_short_form "Guyane" );; line 38963 (wfb::digraph french_guiana "FG" );; line 38967 (wfb::type french_guiana "overseas department of France" );; line 38971 (wfb::capital french_guiana cayenne-french_guiana );; line 38975 (wfb::comment independence french_guiana "overseas department of France" );; line 38983 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1789 );; line 38987 (wfb::comment national_holiday french_guiana "1789" );; line 38987 (wfb::constitution french_guiana "28 September 1958 (French Constitution)" );; line 38991 (wfb::legal_system french_guiana "French legal system" );; line 38995 (wfb::comment suffrage french_guiana " universal" );; line 38999 (wfb::suffrage french_guiana (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 38999 (wfb::executive_branch french_guiana chief_of_state "President Francois MITTERRAND " date_21_may_1981 );; line 39004 (wfb::comment executive_branch french_guiana head_of_government "President of the General Council Elie CASTOR (since NA)" );; line 39006 (wfb::comment executive_branch french_guiana head_of_government "President of the Regional Council Antoine KARAM (22 March 1993)" );; line 39006 (wfb::executive_branch french_guiana cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 39010 (wfb::legislative_structure french_guiana unicameral "General Council and a unicameral Regional Council" );; line 39014 (wfb::legislative_branch french_guiana "General Council" "elections last held 25 September and 8 October 1988 (next to be held NA); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (19 total) PSG 12, URC 7" );; line 39016 (wfb::legislative_branch french_guiana "Regional Council" "elections last held 22 March 1992 (next to be held NA); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (31 total) PSG 16, FDG 10, RPR 2, independents 3" );; line 39020 (wfb::legislative_branch french_guiana "French Senate" "elections last held 24 September 1989 (next to be held September 1998); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (1 total) PSG 1" );; line 39024 (wfb::legislative_branch french_guiana "French National Assembly" "elections last held 21 and 28 March 1993 (next to be held NA 1998); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (2 total) RPR 1, independent 1" );; line 39027 (wfb::judicial_branch french_guiana "Court of Appeals (highest local court based in Martinique with jurisdiction over Martinique, Guadeloupe, and French Guiana)" );; line 39033 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders french_guiana "Guianese Socialist Party (PSG), Elie CASTRO; Conservative Union for the Republic (UPR), Leon BERTRAND; Rally for the Center Right (URC); Rally for the Republic (RPR); Guyana Democratic Front (FDG), Georges OTHILY; Walwari Committee, Christine TAUBIRA-DELANON" );; line 39038 (wfb::member_of french_guiana fz );; line 39045 (wfb::member_of french_guiana wcl );; line 39045 (wfb::member_of french_guiana wftu );; line 39045 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us french_guiana "none (overseas department of France)" );; line 39049 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation french_guiana "none (overseas department of France)" );; line 39053 (wfb::flag french_guiana "the flag of France is used" );; line 39057 (wfb::overview french_guiana "The economy is tied closely to that of France through subsidies and imports. Besides the French space center at Kourou, fishing and forestry are the most important economic activities, with exports of fish and fish products (mostly shrimp) accounting for more than 60% of total revenue in 1992. The large reserves of tropical hardwoods, not fully exploited, support an expanding sawmill industry that provides sawn logs for export. Cultivation of crops - rice, cassava, bananas, and sugarcane - is limited to the coastal area, where the population is largely concentrated. French Guiana is heavily dependent on imports of food and energy. Unemployment is a serious problem, particularly among younger workers." );; line 39062 (wfb::estimation-date national_product french_guiana date_1993 );; line 39075 (wfb::national_product french_guiana (* 800e6 $) );; line 39075 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate french_guiana (* n/a %) );; line 39079 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita french_guiana date_1993 );; line 39083 (wfb::national_product_per_capita french_guiana (* 6000 $) );; line 39083 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| french_guiana "2.5% (1992)" );; line 39087 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate french_guiana date_1990 );; line 39091 (wfb::unemployment_rate french_guiana (* 13 %) );; line 39091 (wfb::budget french_guiana revenues (* 735e6 $) );; line 39096 (wfb::measurement-date budget french_guiana date_1987 );; line 39098 (wfb::budget french_guiana expenditures (* 735e6 $) );; line 39098 (wfb::budget french_guiana capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 39098 (wfb::exports french_guiana (* 59e6 $) );; line 39102 (wfb::exports french_guiana commodities shrimp n/a );; line 39104 (wfb::exports french_guiana commodities timber-commodity n/a );; line 39104 (wfb::exports french_guiana commodities rum n/a );; line 39104 (wfb::exports french_guiana commodities rosewood_essence n/a );; line 39104 (wfb::measurement-date exports french_guiana date_1992 );; line 39106 (wfb::exports french_guiana partners france (* 52 %) );; line 39106 (wfb::exports french_guiana partners spain (* 15 %) );; line 39106 (wfb::exports french_guiana partners us (* 5 %) );; line 39106 (wfb::imports french_guiana (* 1.5e9 $) );; line 39110 (wfb::imports french_guiana commodities food n/a );; line 39112 (wfb::imports french_guiana commodities producer_goods n/a );; line 39112 (wfb::imports french_guiana commodities petroleum-commodity n/a );; line 39112 (wfb::measurement-date imports french_guiana date_1992 );; line 39115 (wfb::imports french_guiana partners france (* 77 %) );; line 39115 (wfb::imports french_guiana partners germany (* 11 %) );; line 39115 (wfb::imports french_guiana partners us (* 5 %) );; line 39115 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt french_guiana date_1988 );; line 39119 (wfb::external_debt french_guiana (* 1.2e9 $) );; line 39119 (wfb::industrial_production french_guiana growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 39123 (wfb::electricity french_guiana capacity (* 180000 kw) );; line 39128 (wfb::electricity french_guiana production (* 450e6 kwh) );; line 39130 (wfb::measurement-date electricity french_guiana consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 39132 (wfb::electricity french_guiana consumption_per_capita (* 3149 kwh) );; line 39132 (wfb::industry french_guiana construction-industry );; line 39136 (wfb::industry french_guiana shrimp_processing );; line 39136 (wfb::industry french_guiana forestry_products );; line 39136 (wfb::industry french_guiana rum-industry );; line 39136 (wfb::industry french_guiana gold_mining );; line 39136 (wfb::agriculture french_guiana "some vegetables for local consumption; rice, corn, manioc, cocoa, bananas, sugar; livestock - cattle, pigs, poultry" );; line 39141 (wfb::illicit_drugs french_guiana "small amount of marijuana grown for local consumption" );; line 39146 (wfb::economic_aid french_guiana recipient "Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $1.51 billion" );; line 39151 (wfb::abbreviation french_franc "F" );; line 39156 (wfb::currency french_guiana french_franc 100 centimes );; line 39156 (wfb::exchange_rates french_guiana "French francs (F) per US$1 - 5.9243 (January 1995), 5.5520 (1994), 5.6632 (1993), 5.2938 (1992), 5.6421 (1991), 5.4453 (1990)" );; line 39160 (wfb::fiscal_year french_guiana date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 39165 (wfb::railroads french_guiana total "22 km (est.)" );; line 39171 (wfb::highways french_guiana total (* 1137 km) );; line 39176 (wfb::highways french_guiana paved (* 455 km) );; line 39178 (wfb::measurement-date highways french_guiana date_1988 );; line 39180 (wfb::highways french_guiana (union improved unimproved_earth ) (* 682 km) );; line 39180 (wfb::inland_waterways french_guiana "460 km, navigable by small oceangoing vessels and river and coastal steamers; 3,300 km navigable by native craft" );; line 39184 (wfb::port french_guiana cayenne-french_guiana );; line 39189 (wfb::port french_guiana degrad_des_cannes-french_guiana );; line 39189 (wfb::merchant_marine french_guiana "none" );; line 39193 (wfb::airports french_guiana total 11 );; line 39198 (wfb::airports french_guiana |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 39200 (wfb::airports french_guiana |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 2 );; line 39202 (wfb::airports french_guiana with_paved_runways_under_914_m 5 );; line 39204 (wfb::airports french_guiana |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 3 );; line 39206 (wfb::telephone_system french_guiana "18,100 telephones; fair open-wire and microwave radio relay system" );; line 39211 (wfb::telephone_system french_guiana local "NA" );; line 39214 (wfb::telephone_system french_guiana intercity "open wire and microwave radio relay" );; line 39216 (wfb::telephone_system french_guiana international "1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station" );; line 39218 (wfb::radio french_guiana broadcast_stations am 5 );; line 39223 (wfb::radio french_guiana broadcast_stations fm 7 );; line 39223 (wfb::radio french_guiana broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 39223 (wfb::radio french_guiana radios n/a );; line 39225 (wfb::television french_guiana broadcast_stations 9 );; line 39230 (wfb::television french_guiana televisions n/a );; line 39232 (wfb::defense_branch french_guiana french_forces_french_guiana );; line 39238 (wfb::defense_branch french_guiana gendarmerie_french_guiana );; line 39238 (wfb::manpower_availability french_guiana "males age 15-49 41,986; males fit for military service 27,298" );; line 39242 (wfb::note french_guiana "defense is the responsibility of France" );; line 39250 (wfb::markup-parameter figure french_polynesia "graphno=\"fp.tif\"" );; line 39256 (wfb::header french_polynesia "(overseas territory of France)" );; line 39256 (wfb::location french_polynesia "Oceania, archipelago in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from South America to Australia" );; line 39261 (wfb::map_references french_polynesia "Oceania" );; line 39266 (wfb::area french_polynesia total_area (* 3941 sq_km) );; line 39271 (wfb::area french_polynesia land_area (* 3660 sq_km) );; line 39273 (wfb::area french_polynesia comparative_area "slightly less than one-third the size of Connecticut" );; line 39275 (wfb::coastline french_polynesia (* 2525 km) );; line 39283 (wfb::maritime_claims french_polynesia exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 39288 (wfb::maritime_claims french_polynesia territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 39290 (wfb::international_disputes french_polynesia "none" );; line 39294 (wfb::climate french_polynesia "tropical, but moderate" );; line 39298 (wfb::terrain french_polynesia "mixture of rugged high islands and low islands with reefs" );; line 39302 (wfb::natural-resource french_polynesia timber );; line 39306 (wfb::natural-resource french_polynesia fish );; line 39306 (wfb::natural-resource french_polynesia cobalt );; line 39306 (wfb::land_use french_polynesia arable_land (* 1 %) );; line 39311 (wfb::land_use french_polynesia permanent_crops (* 19 %) );; line 39313 (wfb::land_use french_polynesia meadows_and_pastures (* 5 %) );; line 39315 (wfb::land_use french_polynesia forest_and_woodland (* 31 %) );; line 39317 (wfb::land_use french_polynesia other (* 44 %) );; line 39319 (wfb::irrigated_land french_polynesia (* n/a sq_km) );; line 39323 (wfb::environment french_polynesia current_issues "NA" );; line 39328 (wfb::environment french_polynesia natural_hazards "occasional cyclonic storms in January" );; line 39330 (wfb::environment french_polynesia international_agreements "NA" );; line 39332 (wfb::note french_polynesia "includes five archipelagoes; Makatea in French Polynesia is one of the three great phosphate rock islands in the Pacific Ocean - the others are Banaba (Ocean Island) in Kiribati and Nauru" );; line 39336 (wfb::estimation-date population french_polynesia date_jul_1995 );; line 39344 (wfb::population french_polynesia 219999 );; line 39344 (wfb::age_structure french_polynesia 0-14_years (* 36 %) );; line 39349 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex french_polynesia 0-14_years female 38361 );; line 39349 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex french_polynesia 0-14_years male 39744 );; line 39349 (wfb::age_structure french_polynesia 15-64_years (* 60 %) );; line 39351 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex french_polynesia 15-64_years female 64034 );; line 39351 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex french_polynesia 15-64_years male 69024 );; line 39351 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure french_polynesia 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 39353 (wfb::age_structure french_polynesia 65_years_and_over (* 4 %) );; line 39353 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex french_polynesia 65_years_and_over female 4437 );; line 39353 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex french_polynesia 65_years_and_over male 4399 );; line 39353 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate french_polynesia date_1995 );; line 39357 (wfb::population_growth_rate french_polynesia (* 2.23 %) );; line 39357 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate french_polynesia date_1995 );; line 39361 (wfb::birth_rate french_polynesia (* 27.56 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 39361 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate french_polynesia date_1995 );; line 39365 (wfb::death_rate french_polynesia (* 5.27 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 39365 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate french_polynesia date_1995 );; line 39369 (wfb::net_migration_rate french_polynesia (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 39369 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate french_polynesia date_1995 );; line 39373 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate french_polynesia (* 14.6 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 39373 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth french_polynesia total_population (* 70.75 years) );; line 39378 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth french_polynesia male (* 68.32 years) );; line 39380 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth french_polynesia female date_1995 );; line 39382 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth french_polynesia female (* 73.29 years) );; line 39382 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate french_polynesia date_1995 );; line 39386 (wfb::total_fertility_rate french_polynesia (* 3.3 children_born/woman) );; line 39386 (wfb::nationality french_polynesia noun "French Polynesian(s)" );; line 39391 (wfb::nationality french_polynesia adjective "French Polynesian" );; line 39393 (wfb::ethnic-entity french_polynesia polynesian (* 78 %) );; line 39397 (wfb::ethnic-entity french_polynesia chinese (* 12 %) );; line 39397 (wfb::ethnic-entity french_polynesia local_french (* 6 %) );; line 39397 (wfb::ethnic-entity french_polynesia metropolitan_french (* 4 %) );; line 39397 (wfb::religion french_polynesia protestant (* 54 %) );; line 39402 (wfb::religion french_polynesia roman_catholic (* 30 %) );; line 39402 (wfb::language french_polynesia french n/a );; line 39406 (wfb::comment language french_polynesia french "official" );; line 39406 (wfb::language french_polynesia tahitian n/a );; line 39406 (wfb::comment language french_polynesia tahitian "official" );; line 39406 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition french_polynesia date_1977 );; line 39410 (wfb::literacy-condition french_polynesia "age 14 and over can read and write but definition of literary not available" );; line 39410 (wfb::literacy french_polynesia total_population (* 98 %) );; line 39413 (wfb::literacy french_polynesia male (* 98 %) );; line 39415 (wfb::literacy french_polynesia female (* 98 %) );; line 39417 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force french_polynesia date_1988 );; line 39421 (wfb::names french_polynesia conventional_long_form "Territory of French Polynesia" );; line 39427 (wfb::names french_polynesia conventional_short_form "French Polynesia" );; line 39429 (wfb::names french_polynesia local_long_form "Territoire de la Polynesie Francaise" );; line 39431 (wfb::names french_polynesia local_short_form "Polynesie Francaise" );; line 39433 (wfb::digraph french_polynesia "FP" );; line 39437 (wfb::type french_polynesia "overseas territory of France since 1946" );; line 39441 (wfb::capital french_polynesia papeete-french_polynesia );; line 39445 (wfb::comment administrative_divisions french_polynesia "Clipperton Island is administered by France from French Polynesia" );; line 39454 (wfb::comment independence french_polynesia "overseas territory of France" );; line 39458 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1789 );; line 39462 (wfb::comment national_holiday french_polynesia "1789" );; line 39462 (wfb::constitution french_polynesia "28 September 1958 (French Constitution)" );; line 39466 (wfb::legal_system french_polynesia "based on French system" );; line 39470 (wfb::comment suffrage french_polynesia " universal" );; line 39474 (wfb::suffrage french_polynesia (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 39474 (wfb::comment executive_branch french_polynesia chief_of_state "High Commissioner of the Republic Paul RONCIERE (since 8 August 1994)" );; line 39479 (wfb::executive_branch french_polynesia chief_of_state "President Francois MITTERRAND " date_21_may_1981 );; line 39479 (wfb::comment executive_branch french_polynesia head_of_government "Deputy to the French Assembly and President of the Territorial Assembly Jean JUVENTIN (since NA November 1992)" );; line 39482 (wfb::comment executive_branch french_polynesia head_of_government "Territorial Vice President and Minister of Health Michel BUILLARD (since 12 September 1991)" );; line 39482 (wfb::executive_branch french_polynesia head_of_government "President of the Territorial Government of French Polynesia Gaston FLOSSE " date_10_may_1991 );; line 39482 (wfb::comment executive_branch french_polynesia cabinet "president submits a list of members of the Assembly for approval by them to serve as ministers" );; line 39488 (wfb::executive_branch french_polynesia cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 39488 (wfb::legislative_structure french_polynesia unicameral n/a );; line 39493 (wfb::legislative_branch french_polynesia "Territorial Assembly" "elections last held 17 March 1991 (next to be held March 1996); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (41 total) People's Rally for the Republic (Gaullist) 18, Polynesian Union Party 12, New Fatherland Party 7, other 4" );; line 39495 (wfb::legislative_branch french_polynesia "French Senate" "elections last held 24 September 1989 (next to be held September 1998); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (1 total) party NA" );; line 39500 (wfb::legislative_branch french_polynesia "French National Assembly" "elections last held 21 and 28 March 1993 (next to be held NA March 1998); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (2 total) People's Rally for the Republic (Gaullist) 2" );; line 39503 (wfb::judicial_branch french_polynesia "Court of Appeal, Court of the First Instance, Court of Administrative Law" );; line 39509 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders french_polynesia "People's Rally for the Republic (Tahoeraa Huiraatira), Gaston FLOSSE; Polynesian Union Party (includes Te Tiarama), Alexandre LEONTIEFF; Here Ai'a Party, Jean JUVENTIN; New Fatherland Party (Ai'a Api), Emile VERNAUDON; Polynesian Liberation Front (Tavini Hviraatira No Te Ao Maohi), Oscar TEMARU; Independent Party (Ia Mana Te Nunaa), Jacques DROLLET; other small parties" );; line 39514 (wfb::member_of french_polynesia escap );; line 39523 (wfb::comment member_of french_polynesia escap "associate" );; line 39523 (wfb::member_of french_polynesia fz );; line 39523 (wfb::member_of french_polynesia icftu );; line 39523 (wfb::member_of french_polynesia spc );; line 39523 (wfb::member_of french_polynesia wmo );; line 39523 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us french_polynesia "none (overseas territory of France)" );; line 39527 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation french_polynesia "none (overseas territory of France)" );; line 39531 (wfb::flag french_polynesia "the flag of France is used" );; line 39535 (wfb::overview french_polynesia "Since 1962, when France stationed military personnel in the region, French Polynesia has changed from a subsistence economy to one in which a high proportion of the work force is either employed by the military or supports the tourist industry. Tourism accounts for about 20% of GDP and is a primary source of hard currency earnings." );; line 39540 (wfb::estimation-date national_product french_polynesia date_1993 );; line 39548 (wfb::national_product french_polynesia (* 1.5e9 $) );; line 39548 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate french_polynesia (* n/a %) );; line 39552 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita french_polynesia date_1993 );; line 39556 (wfb::national_product_per_capita french_polynesia (* 7000 $) );; line 39556 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| french_polynesia "1.7% (1991)" );; line 39560 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate french_polynesia date_1990 );; line 39564 (wfb::unemployment_rate french_polynesia (* 10 %) );; line 39564 (wfb::budget french_polynesia revenues (* 614e6 $) );; line 39569 (wfb::measurement-date budget french_polynesia date_1988 );; line 39571 (wfb::budget french_polynesia expenditures (* 957e6 $) );; line 39571 (wfb::budget french_polynesia capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 39571 (wfb::exports french_polynesia (* 88.9e6 $) );; line 39575 (wfb::exports french_polynesia commodities coconut_products (* 79 %) );; line 39577 (wfb::exports french_polynesia commodities mother-of-pearl (* 14 %) );; line 39577 (wfb::exports french_polynesia commodities vanilla n/a );; line 39577 (wfb::exports french_polynesia commodities shark_meat n/a );; line 39577 (wfb::exports french_polynesia partners france (* 54 %) );; line 39579 (wfb::exports french_polynesia partners us (* 17 %) );; line 39579 (wfb::exports french_polynesia partners japan (* 17 %) );; line 39579 (wfb::imports french_polynesia (* 765e6 $) );; line 39583 (wfb::imports french_polynesia commodities fuels n/a );; line 39585 (wfb::imports french_polynesia commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 39585 (wfb::imports french_polynesia commodities equipment-commodity n/a );; line 39585 (wfb::imports french_polynesia partners france (* 53 %) );; line 39587 (wfb::imports french_polynesia partners us (* 11 %) );; line 39587 (wfb::imports french_polynesia partners australia (* 6 %) );; line 39587 (wfb::imports french_polynesia partners nz (* 5 %) );; line 39587 (wfb::external_debt french_polynesia (* n/a $) );; line 39591 (wfb::industrial_production french_polynesia growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 39595 (wfb::industrial_production french_polynesia accounts_for (* 15 %_of_gdp) );; line 39595 (wfb::electricity french_polynesia capacity (* 75000 kw) );; line 39600 (wfb::electricity french_polynesia production (* 275e6 kwh) );; line 39602 (wfb::measurement-date electricity french_polynesia consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 39604 (wfb::electricity french_polynesia consumption_per_capita (* 1189 kwh) );; line 39604 (wfb::industry french_polynesia tourism );; line 39608 (wfb::industry french_polynesia pearls );; line 39608 (wfb::industry french_polynesia agricultural_processing );; line 39608 (wfb::industry french_polynesia handicrafts );; line 39608 (wfb::agriculture french_polynesia "coconut and vanilla plantations; vegetables and fruit; poultry, beef, dairy products" );; line 39612 (wfb::economic_aid french_polynesia recipient "Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-88), $3.95 billion" );; line 39618 (wfb::abbreviation cfp_franc "CFPF" );; line 39623 (wfb::currency french_polynesia cfp_franc 100 centimes );; line 39623 (wfb::exchange_rates french_polynesia "Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique francs (CFPF) per US$1 - 96.25 (January 1995), 100.94 (1994), 102.96 (1993), 96.24 (1992), 102.57 (1991), 99.00 (1990); note - linked at the rate of 18.18 to the French franc" );; line 39627 (wfb::fiscal_year french_polynesia date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 39633 (wfb::railroads french_polynesia "0 km" );; line 39638 (wfb::measurement-date highways french_polynesia date_1982 );; line 39643 (wfb::port french_polynesia mataura-french_polynesia );; line 39651 (wfb::port french_polynesia papeete-french_polynesia );; line 39651 (wfb::port french_polynesia rikitea-french_polynesia );; line 39651 (wfb::port french_polynesia uturoa-french_polynesia );; line 39651 (wfb::merchant_marine french_polynesia total "3 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 4,127 GRT/6,710 DWT" );; line 39656 (wfb::merchant_marine french_polynesia ships_by_type "passenger-cargo 2, refrigerated cargo 1" );; line 39658 (wfb::comment merchant_marine french_polynesia "a subset of the French register allowing French-owned ships to operate under more liberal taxation and manning regulations than permissable under the main French register" );; line 39660 (wfb::airports french_polynesia total 43 );; line 39667 (wfb::airports french_polynesia |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 2 );; line 39669 (wfb::airports french_polynesia |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 5 );; line 39671 (wfb::airports french_polynesia |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 14 );; line 39673 (wfb::airports french_polynesia with_paved_runways_under_914_m 18 );; line 39675 (wfb::airports french_polynesia |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 4 );; line 39677 (wfb::telephone_system french_polynesia "33,200 telephones" );; line 39682 (wfb::telephone_system french_polynesia local "NA" );; line 39684 (wfb::telephone_system french_polynesia intercity "NA" );; line 39686 (wfb::telephone_system french_polynesia international "1 INTELSAT (Pacific Ocean) earth station" );; line 39688 (wfb::radio french_polynesia broadcast_stations am 5 );; line 39693 (wfb::radio french_polynesia broadcast_stations fm 2 );; line 39693 (wfb::radio french_polynesia broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 39693 (wfb::radio french_polynesia radios 84000 );; line 39695 (wfb::television french_polynesia broadcast_stations 6 );; line 39700 (wfb::television french_polynesia televisions 26400 );; line 39702 (wfb::comment defense_branch french_polynesia french_forces_french_polynesia "includes Army, Navy, Air Force" );; line 39708 (wfb::defense_branch french_polynesia french_forces_french_polynesia );; line 39708 (wfb::defense_branch french_polynesia gendarmerie_french_polynesia );; line 39708 (wfb::note french_polynesia "defense is responsibility of France" );; line 39712 (wfb::markup-parameter figure french_southern_and_antarctic_lands "graphno=\"fs.tif\"" );; line 39718 (wfb::header french_southern_and_antarctic_lands "(overseas territory of France)" );; line 39718 (wfb::location french_southern_and_antarctic_lands "Southern Africa, islands in the southern Indian Ocean, about equidistant between Africa, Antarctica, and Australia; note - \"French Southern and Antarctic Lands\" includes Ile Amsterdam, Ile Saint-Paul, Iles Crozet, and Iles Kerguelen in the southern Indian Ocean, along with the French-claimed sector of Antartica, \"Terre Adelie\"; the United States does not recognize the French claim to \"Terre Adelie\"" );; line 39723 (wfb::map_references french_southern_and_antarctic_lands "Antarctic Region" );; line 39732 (wfb::area french_southern_and_antarctic_lands total_area (* 7781 sq_km) );; line 39737 (wfb::area french_southern_and_antarctic_lands land_area (* 7781 sq_km) );; line 39739 (wfb::area french_southern_and_antarctic_lands comparative_area "slightly less than 1.5 times the size of Delaware" );; line 39741 (wfb::comment area french_southern_and_antarctic_lands "includes Ile Amsterdam, Ile Saint-Paul, Iles Crozet and Iles Kerguelen; excludes \"Terre Adelie\" claim of about 500,000 sq km in Antarctica that is not recognized by the US" );; line 39743 (wfb::coastline french_southern_and_antarctic_lands (* 1232 km) );; line 39753 (wfb::maritime_claims french_southern_and_antarctic_lands territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 39760 (wfb::international_disputes french_southern_and_antarctic_lands "\"Terre Adelie\" claim in Antarctica is not recognized by the US" );; line 39764 (wfb::climate french_southern_and_antarctic_lands "antarctic" );; line 39768 (wfb::terrain french_southern_and_antarctic_lands "volcanic" );; line 39772 (wfb::natural-resource french_southern_and_antarctic_lands fish );; line 39776 (wfb::natural-resource french_southern_and_antarctic_lands crayfish );; line 39776 (wfb::land_use french_southern_and_antarctic_lands arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 39781 (wfb::land_use french_southern_and_antarctic_lands permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 39783 (wfb::land_use french_southern_and_antarctic_lands meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 39785 (wfb::land_use french_southern_and_antarctic_lands forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 39787 (wfb::land_use french_southern_and_antarctic_lands other (* 100 %) );; line 39789 (wfb::irrigated_land french_southern_and_antarctic_lands (* 0 sq_km) );; line 39793 (wfb::environment french_southern_and_antarctic_lands current_issues "NA" );; line 39798 (wfb::environment french_southern_and_antarctic_lands natural_hazards "Ile Amsterdam and Ile Saint-Paul are extinct volcanoes" );; line 39800 (wfb::environment french_southern_and_antarctic_lands international_agreements "NA" );; line 39802 (wfb::note french_southern_and_antarctic_lands "remote location in the southern Indian Ocean" );; line 39806 (wfb::measurement-date population french_southern_and_antarctic_lands date_jan );; line 39812 (wfb::names french_southern_and_antarctic_lands conventional_long_form "Territory of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands" );; line 39819 (wfb::names french_southern_and_antarctic_lands conventional_short_form "French Southern and Antarctic Lands" );; line 39821 (wfb::names french_southern_and_antarctic_lands local_long_form "Territoire des Terres Australes et Antarctiques Francaises" );; line 39823 (wfb::names french_southern_and_antarctic_lands local_short_form "Terres Australes et Antarctiques Francaises" );; line 39825 (wfb::digraph french_southern_and_antarctic_lands "FS" );; line 39829 (wfb::type french_southern_and_antarctic_lands "overseas territory of France since 1955; governed by High Administrator Bernard de GOUTTES (since May 1990), who is assisted by a 7-member Consultative Council and a 12-member Scientific Council" );; line 39833 (wfb::comment independence french_southern_and_antarctic_lands "overseas territory of France" );; line 39850 (wfb::flag french_southern_and_antarctic_lands "the flag of France is used" );; line 39854 (wfb::overview french_southern_and_antarctic_lands "Economic activity is limited to servicing meteorological and geophysical research stations and French and other fishing fleets. The fish catches landed on Iles Kerguelen by foreign ships are exported to France and Reunion." );; line 39859 (wfb::budget french_southern_and_antarctic_lands revenues (* 17.5e6 $) );; line 39867 (wfb::measurement-date budget french_southern_and_antarctic_lands date_1992 );; line 39869 (wfb::budget french_southern_and_antarctic_lands expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 39869 (wfb::budget french_southern_and_antarctic_lands capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 39869 (wfb::merchant_marine french_southern_and_antarctic_lands total "48 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,290,975 GRT/2,403,050 DWT" );; line 39888 (wfb::merchant_marine french_southern_and_antarctic_lands ships_by_type "bulk 5, cargo 6, chemical tanker 4, container 1, liquefied gas tanker 3, multifunction large-load carrier 1, oil tanker 15, refrigerated cargo 4, roll-on/roll-off cargo 8, specialized liquefied tanker 1" );; line 39890 (wfb::comment merchant_marine french_southern_and_antarctic_lands "a subset of the French register allowing French-owned ships to operate under more liberal taxation and manning regulations than permissable under the main French register" );; line 39894 (wfb::telephone_system french_southern_and_antarctic_lands "NA telephones" );; line 39905 (wfb::telephone_system french_southern_and_antarctic_lands local "NA" );; line 39907 (wfb::telephone_system french_southern_and_antarctic_lands intercity "NA" );; line 39909 (wfb::telephone_system french_southern_and_antarctic_lands international "NA" );; line 39911 (wfb::radio french_southern_and_antarctic_lands radios n/a );; line 39918 (wfb::television french_southern_and_antarctic_lands broadcast_stations n/a );; line 39923 (wfb::television french_southern_and_antarctic_lands televisions n/a );; line 39925 (wfb::note french_southern_and_antarctic_lands "defense is the responsibility of France" );; line 39931 (wfb::markup-parameter figure gabon "graphno=\"gb.tif\"" );; line 39938 (wfb::location gabon "Western Africa, bordering the Atlantic Ocean at the Equator, between Congo and Equatorial Guinea" );; line 39942 (wfb::map_references gabon "Africa" );; line 39947 (wfb::area gabon total_area (* 267670 sq_km) );; line 39952 (wfb::area gabon land_area (* 257670 sq_km) );; line 39954 (wfb::area gabon comparative_area "slightly smaller than Colorado" );; line 39956 (wfb::borders gabon total (* 2551 km) );; line 39960 (wfb::borders gabon cameroon (* 298 km) );; line 39960 (wfb::borders gabon congo (* 1903 km) );; line 39960 (wfb::borders gabon equatorial_guinea (* 350 km) );; line 39960 (wfb::coastline gabon (* 885 km) );; line 39965 (wfb::maritime_claims gabon contiguous_zone (* 24 nm) );; line 39970 (wfb::maritime_claims gabon exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 39972 (wfb::maritime_claims gabon territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 39974 (wfb::international_disputes gabon "maritime boundary dispute with Equatorial Guinea because of disputed sovereignty over islands in Corisco Bay" );; line 39978 (wfb::climate gabon "tropical" );; line 39983 (wfb::climate gabon "always hot, humid" );; line 39983 (wfb::terrain gabon "narrow coastal plain" );; line 39987 (wfb::terrain gabon "hilly interior" );; line 39987 (wfb::terrain gabon "savanna in east and south" );; line 39987 (wfb::natural-resource gabon petroleum );; line 39991 (wfb::natural-resource gabon manganese );; line 39991 (wfb::natural-resource gabon uranium );; line 39991 (wfb::natural-resource gabon gold );; line 39991 (wfb::natural-resource gabon timber );; line 39991 (wfb::natural-resource gabon iron_ore );; line 39991 (wfb::land_use gabon arable_land (* 1 %) );; line 39996 (wfb::land_use gabon permanent_crops (* 1 %) );; line 39998 (wfb::land_use gabon meadows_and_pastures (* 18 %) );; line 40000 (wfb::land_use gabon forest_and_woodland (* 78 %) );; line 40002 (wfb::land_use gabon other (* 2 %) );; line 40004 (wfb::irrigated_land gabon (* n/a sq_km) );; line 40008 (wfb::environment gabon current_issues "deforestation" );; line 40013 (wfb::environment gabon current_issues "poaching" );; line 40013 (wfb::environment gabon natural_hazards "NA" );; line 40015 (wfb::environment gabon international_agreements "party to - Endangered Species, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands" );; line 40017 (wfb::environment gabon international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Law of the Sea, Tropical Timber 94" );; line 40017 (wfb::estimation-date population gabon date_jul_1995 );; line 40026 (wfb::population gabon 1155749 );; line 40026 (wfb::age_structure gabon 0-14_years (* 34 %) );; line 40031 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex gabon 0-14_years female 193859 );; line 40031 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex gabon 0-14_years male 194761 );; line 40031 (wfb::age_structure gabon 15-64_years (* 61 %) );; line 40033 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex gabon 15-64_years female 347839 );; line 40033 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex gabon 15-64_years male 359997 );; line 40033 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure gabon 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 40035 (wfb::age_structure gabon 65_years_and_over (* 5 %) );; line 40035 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex gabon 65_years_and_over female 30218 );; line 40035 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex gabon 65_years_and_over male 29075 );; line 40035 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate gabon date_1995 );; line 40039 (wfb::population_growth_rate gabon (* 1.46 %) );; line 40039 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate gabon date_1995 );; line 40043 (wfb::birth_rate gabon (* 28.34 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 40043 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate gabon date_1995 );; line 40047 (wfb::death_rate gabon (* 13.72 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 40047 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate gabon date_1995 );; line 40051 (wfb::net_migration_rate gabon (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 40051 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate gabon date_1995 );; line 40055 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate gabon (* 92.4 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 40055 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth gabon total_population (* 55.14 years) );; line 40060 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth gabon male (* 52.31 years) );; line 40062 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth gabon female date_1995 );; line 40064 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth gabon female (* 58.06 years) );; line 40064 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate gabon date_1995 );; line 40068 (wfb::total_fertility_rate gabon (* 3.93 children_born/woman) );; line 40068 (wfb::nationality gabon noun "Gabonese (singular and plural)" );; line 40073 (wfb::nationality gabon adjective "Gabonese" );; line 40075 (wfb::ethnic-entity gabon union8 (* 27000 french-measuring-unit) );; line 40079 (wfb::religion gabon christian_55% (* -75 %) );; line 40084 (wfb::religion gabon muslim_less_than (* 1 %) );; line 40084 (wfb::religion gabon animist n/a );; line 40084 (wfb::language gabon french n/a );; line 40088 (wfb::comment language gabon french "official" );; line 40088 (wfb::language gabon fang n/a );; line 40088 (wfb::language gabon myene n/a );; line 40088 (wfb::language gabon bateke n/a );; line 40088 (wfb::language gabon bapounou/eschira n/a );; line 40088 (wfb::language gabon bandjabi n/a );; line 40088 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition gabon date_1990 );; line 40093 (wfb::literacy-condition gabon "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 40093 (wfb::literacy gabon total_population (* 61 %) );; line 40095 (wfb::literacy gabon male (* 74 %) );; line 40097 (wfb::literacy gabon female (* 48 %) );; line 40099 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation gabon agriculture (* 65.0 %) );; line 40105 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation gabon industry_and_commerce (* 30.0 %) );; line 40105 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation gabon services (* 2.5 %) );; line 40105 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation gabon government (* 2.5 %) );; line 40105 (wfb::names gabon conventional_long_form "Gabonese Republic" );; line 40112 (wfb::names gabon conventional_short_form "Gabon" );; line 40114 (wfb::names gabon local_long_form "Republique Gabonaise" );; line 40116 (wfb::names gabon local_short_form "Gabon" );; line 40118 (wfb::digraph gabon "GB" );; line 40122 (wfb::type gabon "republic; multiparty presidential regime (opposition parties legalized 1990)" );; line 40126 (wfb::capital gabon libreville-gabon );; line 40131 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_gabon_provinces "provinces" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 40135 (wfb::administrative_divisions gabon adm_div_gabon_provinces 9 );; line 40135 (wfb::administrative_division_of gabon adm_div_gabon_provinces "Estuaire" );; line 40135 (wfb::administrative_division_of gabon adm_div_gabon_provinces "Haut-Ogooue" );; line 40135 (wfb::administrative_division_of gabon adm_div_gabon_provinces "Moyen-Ogooue" );; line 40135 (wfb::administrative_division_of gabon adm_div_gabon_provinces "Ngounie" );; line 40135 (wfb::administrative_division_of gabon adm_div_gabon_provinces "Nyanga" );; line 40135 (wfb::administrative_division_of gabon adm_div_gabon_provinces "Ogooue-Ivindo" );; line 40135 (wfb::administrative_division_of gabon adm_div_gabon_provinces "Ogooue-Lolo" );; line 40135 (wfb::administrative_division_of gabon adm_div_gabon_provinces "Ogooue-Maritime" );; line 40135 (wfb::administrative_division_of gabon adm_div_gabon_provinces "Woleu-Ntem" );; line 40135 (wfb::independence gabon date_17_aug_1960 "France" );; line 40140 (wfb::comment national_holiday gabon "Gabonese Democratic Party established" );; line 40144 (wfb::national_holiday gabon "Renovation Day" date_12_mar );; line 40144 (wfb::constitution gabon "adopted 14 March 1991" );; line 40149 (wfb::legal_system gabon "based on French civil law system and customary law; judicial review of legislative acts in Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court; compulsory ICJ jurisdiction not accepted" );; line 40153 (wfb::comment suffrage gabon " universal" );; line 40159 (wfb::suffrage gabon (* 21 years_of_age) );; line 40159 (wfb::comment executive_branch gabon chief_of_state "election last held on 5 December 1993 (next to be held 1998)" );; line 40164 (wfb::comment executive_branch gabon chief_of_state "results - President Omar BONGO was reelected with 51% of the vote" );; line 40164 (wfb::executive_branch gabon chief_of_state "President El Hadj Omar BONGO " date_2_dec_1967 );; line 40164 (wfb::executive_branch gabon head_of_government "Prime Minister Paulin OBAME Nguema " date_9_dec_1994 );; line 40168 (wfb::comment executive_branch gabon cabinet "appointed by the prime minister in consultation with the president" );; line 40170 (wfb::executive_branch gabon cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 40170 (wfb::legislative_structure gabon unicameral n/a );; line 40175 (wfb::legislative_branch gabon "National Assembly (Assemblee Nationale)" "elections last held on 5 December 1993 (next to be held by 1998); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (120 total) PDG 62, Morena-Bucherons/RNB 19, PGP 18, National Recovery Movement (Morena-Original) 7, APSG 6, USG 4, CRP 1, independents 3" );; line 40177 (wfb::judicial_branch gabon "Supreme Court (Cour Supreme)" );; line 40184 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders gabon "Gabonese Democratic Party (PDG, former sole party), Jaques ADIAHENOT, Secretary General; National Recovery Movement - Lumberjacks (Morena-Bucherons/RNB), Fr. Paul M'BA-ABESSOLE, leader; Gabonese Party for Progress (PGP), Pierre-Louis AGONDHO-OKAWE, President; National Recovery Movement (Morena-Original), Pierre ZONGUE-NGUEMA, Chairman; Association for Socialism in Gabon (APSG), leader NA; Gabonese Socialist Union (USG), leader NA; Circle for Renewal and Progress (CRP), leader NA; Union for Democracy and Development (UDD), leader NA; Rally of Democrats (RD), leader NA; Forces of Change for Democratic Union, leader NA" );; line 40188 (wfb::member_of gabon acct );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon acp );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon afdb );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon bdeac );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon ccc );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon ceeac );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon eca );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon fao );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon fz );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon g-24 );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon g-77 );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon gatt );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon iaea );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon ibrd );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon icao );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon icc );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon icftu );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon ida );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon idb );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon ifad );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon ifc );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon ifrcs );; line 40200 (wfb::comment member_of gabon ifrcs "associate" );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon ilo );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon imf );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon imo );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon inmarsat );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon intelsat );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon interpol );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon ioc );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon itu );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon nam );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon oau );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon oic );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon opec );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon udeac );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon un );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon unctad );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon unesco );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon unido );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon upu );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon wcl );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon who );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon wipo );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon wmo );; line 40200 (wfb::member_of gabon wto );; line 40200 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us gabon chief_of_mission "Ambassador Paul BOUNDOUKOU-LATHA" );; line 40208 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us gabon chancery "2233 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20007, Suite 200" );; line 40210 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us gabon telephone "[1] (202) 797-1000" );; line 40212 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation gabon chief_of_mission "Ambassador Joseph C. WILSON IV" );; line 40217 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation gabon embassy "Boulevard de la Mer, Libreville" );; line 40219 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation gabon mailing_address "B. P. 4000, Libreville" );; line 40221 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation gabon telephone "[241] 76 20 03 through 76 20 04, 74 34 92" );; line 40223 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation gabon fax "[241] 74 55 07" );; line 40225 (wfb::flag gabon "three equal horizontal bands of green (top), yellow, and blue" );; line 40229 (wfb::overview gabon "Notwithstanding its serious ongoing economic problems, Gabon enjoys a per capita income more than twice that of most nations of sub-Saharan Africa. Gabon depended on timber and manganese until oil was discovered offshore in the early 1970s. The oil sector now accounts for 50% of GDP. Real growth was feeble in 1992 and Gabon continues to face the problem of fluctuating prices for its oil, timber, manganese, and uranium exports. Despite an abundance of natural wealth, and a manageable rate of population growth, the economy is hobbled by poor fiscal management. In 1992, the fiscal deficit widened to 2.4% of GDP, and Gabon failed to settle arrears on its bilateral debt, leading to a cancellation of rescheduling agreements with official and private creditors. Devaluation of its Francophone currency by 50% in January 1994 did not set off an expected inflationary spiral but the government must continue to keep a tight reign on spending and wage increases." );; line 40234 (wfb::estimation-date national_product gabon date_1994 );; line 40250 (wfb::national_product gabon (* 5.6e9 $) );; line 40250 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate gabon date_1994 );; line 40254 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate gabon (* 1.9 %) );; line 40254 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita gabon date_1994 );; line 40258 (wfb::national_product_per_capita gabon (* 4900 $) );; line 40258 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| gabon "35% (1994 est.)" );; line 40262 (wfb::unemployment_rate gabon (* n/a %) );; line 40266 (wfb::budget gabon revenues (* 1.3e9 $) );; line 40271 (wfb::estimation-date budget gabon date_1993 );; line 40273 (wfb::budget gabon expenditures (* 1.6e9 $) );; line 40273 (wfb::budget gabon capital_expenditures (* 311e6 $) );; line 40273 (wfb::exports gabon (* 2.1e9 $) );; line 40278 (wfb::exports gabon commodities crude_oil (* 80 %) );; line 40280 (wfb::exports gabon commodities timber-commodity (* 10 %) );; line 40280 (wfb::exports gabon commodities manganese-commodity (* 6 %) );; line 40280 (wfb::exports gabon commodities uranium-commodity (* 2 %) );; line 40280 (wfb::exports gabon partners us (* 38 %) );; line 40282 (wfb::exports gabon partners france (* 26 %) );; line 40282 (wfb::exports gabon partners japan n/a );; line 40282 (wfb::exports gabon partners germany n/a );; line 40282 (wfb::imports gabon (* 832e6 $) );; line 40286 (wfb::imports gabon commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 40288 (wfb::imports gabon commodities chemical_products n/a );; line 40288 (wfb::imports gabon commodities petroleum_products-commodity n/a );; line 40288 (wfb::imports gabon commodities construction_materials n/a );; line 40288 (wfb::imports gabon commodities manufactures n/a );; line 40288 (wfb::imports gabon commodities machinery n/a );; line 40288 (wfb::imports gabon partners france (* 42 %) );; line 40291 (wfb::imports gabon partners african_countries (* 23 %) );; line 40291 (wfb::imports gabon partners us n/a );; line 40291 (wfb::imports gabon partners japan n/a );; line 40291 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt gabon date_1993 );; line 40295 (wfb::external_debt gabon (* 3.3e9 $) );; line 40295 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1991 );; line 40299 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production gabon date_1991 );; line 40299 (wfb::industrial_production gabon growth_rate (* -3 %) );; line 40299 (wfb::electricity gabon capacity (* 315000 kw) );; line 40304 (wfb::electricity gabon production (* 910e6 kwh) );; line 40306 (wfb::measurement-date electricity gabon consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 40308 (wfb::electricity gabon consumption_per_capita (* 757 kwh) );; line 40308 (wfb::industry gabon food-industry );; line 40312 (wfb::industry gabon beverages-industry );; line 40312 (wfb::industry gabon lumbering );; line 40312 (wfb::industry gabon plywood-industry );; line 40312 (wfb::industry gabon textiles );; line 40312 (wfb::industry gabon cement );; line 40312 (wfb::industry gabon petroleum_refining );; line 40312 (wfb::industry gabon mining_-_manganese );; line 40312 (wfb::industry gabon uranium-industry );; line 40312 (wfb::industry gabon gold-industry );; line 40312 (wfb::industry gabon petroleum-industry );; line 40312 (wfb::agriculture gabon "cash crops - cocoa, coffee, palm oil; livestock raising not developed; importer of food; small fishing operations provide a catch of about 20,000 metric tons; okoume (a tropical softwood) is the most important timber product" );; line 40317 (wfb::economic_aid gabon recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-90), $68 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-90), $2.342 billion; Communist countries (1970-89), $27 million" );; line 40325 (wfb::abbreviation cfa_franc "CFAF" );; line 40331 (wfb::currency gabon cfa_franc 100 centimes );; line 40331 (wfb::exchange_rates gabon "Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (CFAF) per US$1 - 529.43 (January 1995), 555.20 (1994), 283.16 (1993), 264.69 (1992), 282.11 (1991), 272.26 (1990)" );; line 40335 (wfb::comment exchange_rates gabon "beginning 12 January 1994, the CFA franc was devalued to CFAF 100 per French franc from CFAF 50 at which it had been fixed since 1948" );; line 40339 (wfb::fiscal_year gabon date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 40344 (wfb::railroads gabon total "649 km single track (Transgabonese Railroad)" );; line 40350 (wfb::railroads gabon standard_gauge "649 km 1.437-m gauge" );; line 40352 (wfb::highways gabon total (* 7500 km) );; line 40357 (wfb::highways gabon paved (* 560 km) );; line 40359 (wfb::highways gabon crushed_stone (* 960 km) );; line 40361 (wfb::highways gabon earth (* 5980 km) );; line 40361 (wfb::inland_waterways gabon "1,600 km perennially navigable" );; line 40365 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 270 km) );; line 40369 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 14 km) );; line 40369 (wfb::port gabon cape_lopez-gabon );; line 40373 (wfb::port gabon kango-gabon );; line 40373 (wfb::port gabon lambarene-gabon );; line 40373 (wfb::port gabon libreville-gabon );; line 40373 (wfb::port gabon owendo-gabon );; line 40373 (wfb::port gabon port-gentil-gabon );; line 40373 (wfb::merchant_marine gabon total "1 cargo ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 9,281 GRT/12,665 DWT" );; line 40378 (wfb::airports gabon total 69 );; line 40383 (wfb::airports gabon |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 40385 (wfb::airports gabon |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 40387 (wfb::airports gabon |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 7 );; line 40389 (wfb::airports gabon |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 40391 (wfb::airports gabon with_paved_runways_under_914_m 28 );; line 40393 (wfb::airports gabon |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 8 );; line 40395 (wfb::airports gabon |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 23 );; line 40397 (wfb::telephone_system gabon "15,000 telephones; telephone density - 13/1,000 persons" );; line 40402 (wfb::telephone_system gabon local "NA" );; line 40404 (wfb::telephone_system gabon intercity "adequate system, comprising cable, microwave radio relay, tropospheric scatter, radiocommunication stations, and 12 domestic satellite links" );; line 40406 (wfb::telephone_system gabon international "3 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth stations" );; line 40409 (wfb::radio gabon broadcast_stations am 6 );; line 40414 (wfb::radio gabon broadcast_stations fm 6 );; line 40414 (wfb::radio gabon broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 40414 (wfb::radio gabon radios n/a );; line 40416 (wfb::comment television gabon broadcast_stations "repeaters 5" );; line 40421 (wfb::television gabon broadcast_stations 3 );; line 40421 (wfb::television gabon televisions n/a );; line 40423 (wfb::defense_branch gabon army_gabon );; line 40429 (wfb::defense_branch gabon navy_gabon );; line 40429 (wfb::defense_branch gabon air_force_gabon );; line 40429 (wfb::defense_branch gabon presidential_guard_gabon );; line 40429 (wfb::defense_branch gabon national_gendarmerie_gabon );; line 40429 (wfb::defense_branch gabon national_police_gabon );; line 40429 (wfb::manpower_availability gabon "males age 15-49 272,025; males fit for military service 138,197; males reach military age (20) annually 10,516 (1995 est.)" );; line 40434 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures gabon date_1993 );; line 40439 (wfb::defense_expenditures gabon (* 154e6 $) );; line 40439 (wfb::defense_expenditures gabon (* 2.4 %_of_gdp) );; line 40439 (wfb::markup-parameter figure the_gambia "graphno=\"ga.tif\"" );; line 40445 (wfb::location the_gambia "Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean and Senegal" );; line 40449 (wfb::map_references the_gambia "Africa" );; line 40453 (wfb::area the_gambia total_area (* 11300 sq_km) );; line 40458 (wfb::area the_gambia land_area (* 10000 sq_km) );; line 40460 (wfb::area the_gambia comparative_area "slightly more than twice the size of Delaware" );; line 40462 (wfb::borders the_gambia total (* 740 km) );; line 40466 (wfb::borders the_gambia senegal (* 740 km) );; line 40466 (wfb::coastline the_gambia (* 80 km) );; line 40470 (wfb::maritime_claims the_gambia contiguous_zone (* 18 nm) );; line 40475 (wfb::maritime_claims the_gambia exclusive_fishing_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 40479 (wfb::maritime_claims the_gambia territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 40481 (wfb::international_disputes the_gambia "short section of boundary with Senegal is indefinite" );; line 40485 (wfb::climate the_gambia "tropical" );; line 40489 (wfb::climate the_gambia "hot, rainy season (June to November)" );; line 40489 (wfb::climate the_gambia "cooler, dry season (November to May)" );; line 40489 (wfb::terrain the_gambia "flood plain of the Gambia River flanked by some low hills" );; line 40494 (wfb::natural-resource the_gambia fish );; line 40498 (wfb::land_use the_gambia arable_land (* 16 %) );; line 40503 (wfb::land_use the_gambia permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 40505 (wfb::land_use the_gambia meadows_and_pastures (* 9 %) );; line 40507 (wfb::land_use the_gambia forest_and_woodland (* 20 %) );; line 40509 (wfb::land_use the_gambia other (* 55 %) );; line 40511 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land the_gambia date_1989 );; line 40515 (wfb::irrigated_land the_gambia (* 120 sq_km) );; line 40515 (wfb::environment the_gambia current_issues "deforestation" );; line 40520 (wfb::environment the_gambia current_issues "desertification" );; line 40520 (wfb::environment the_gambia current_issues "water-borne diseases prevalent" );; line 40520 (wfb::environment the_gambia natural_hazards "rainfall has dropped by 30% in the last thirty years" );; line 40522 (wfb::environment the_gambia international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution" );; line 40524 (wfb::environment the_gambia international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Desertification" );; line 40524 (wfb::note the_gambia "almost an enclave of Senegal; smallest country on the continent of Africa" );; line 40530 (wfb::estimation-date population the_gambia date_jul_1995 );; line 40537 (wfb::population the_gambia 989273 );; line 40537 (wfb::age_structure the_gambia 0-14_years (* 47 %) );; line 40542 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex the_gambia 0-14_years female 231636 );; line 40542 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex the_gambia 0-14_years male 231053 );; line 40542 (wfb::age_structure the_gambia 15-64_years (* 51 %) );; line 40544 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex the_gambia 15-64_years female 257329 );; line 40544 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex the_gambia 15-64_years male 244947 );; line 40544 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure the_gambia 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 40546 (wfb::age_structure the_gambia 65_years_and_over (* 2 %) );; line 40546 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex the_gambia 65_years_and_over female 11850 );; line 40546 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex the_gambia 65_years_and_over male 12458 );; line 40546 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate the_gambia date_1995 );; line 40550 (wfb::population_growth_rate the_gambia (* 3.08 %) );; line 40550 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate the_gambia date_1995 );; line 40554 (wfb::birth_rate the_gambia (* 45.97 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 40554 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate the_gambia date_1995 );; line 40558 (wfb::death_rate the_gambia (* 15.19 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 40558 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate the_gambia date_1995 );; line 40562 (wfb::net_migration_rate the_gambia (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 40562 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate the_gambia date_1995 );; line 40566 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate the_gambia (* 120.8 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 40566 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth the_gambia total_population (* 50.55 years) );; line 40571 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth the_gambia male (* 48.25 years) );; line 40573 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth the_gambia female date_1995 );; line 40575 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth the_gambia female (* 52.92 years) );; line 40575 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate the_gambia date_1995 );; line 40579 (wfb::total_fertility_rate the_gambia (* 6.23 children_born/woman) );; line 40579 (wfb::nationality the_gambia noun "Gambian(s)" );; line 40584 (wfb::nationality the_gambia adjective "Gambian" );; line 40586 (wfb::comment ethnic-entity "Mandinka 42%, Fula 18%, Wolof 16%, Jola 10%, Serahuli 9%, other 4%" );; line 40590 (wfb::ethnic-entity the_gambia african (* 99 %) );; line 40590 (wfb::ethnic-entity the_gambia non-gambian (* 1 %) );; line 40590 (wfb::religion the_gambia muslim (* 90 %) );; line 40595 (wfb::religion the_gambia christian (* 9 %) );; line 40595 (wfb::religion the_gambia indigenous_beliefs (* 1 %) );; line 40595 (wfb::language the_gambia english n/a );; line 40599 (wfb::comment language the_gambia english "official" );; line 40599 (wfb::language the_gambia mandinka n/a );; line 40599 (wfb::language the_gambia wolof n/a );; line 40599 (wfb::language the_gambia fula n/a );; line 40599 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition the_gambia date_1990 );; line 40604 (wfb::literacy-condition the_gambia "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 40604 (wfb::literacy the_gambia total_population (* 27 %) );; line 40606 (wfb::literacy the_gambia male (* 39 %) );; line 40608 (wfb::literacy the_gambia female (* 16 %) );; line 40610 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force the_gambia date_1986 );; line 40614 (wfb::total_labor_force the_gambia 400000 );; line 40614 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation the_gambia agriculture (* 75.0 %) );; line 40616 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation the_gambia industry n/a );; line 40616 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation the_gambia commerce n/a );; line 40616 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation the_gambia services (* 18.9 %) );; line 40616 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation the_gambia government (* 6.1 %) );; line 40616 (wfb::names the_gambia conventional_long_form "Republic of The Gambia" );; line 40623 (wfb::names the_gambia conventional_short_form "The Gambia" );; line 40625 (wfb::digraph the_gambia "GA" );; line 40629 (wfb::type the_gambia "republic under multiparty democratic rule" );; line 40633 (wfb::capital the_gambia banjul-the_gambia );; line 40637 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_the_gambia_divisions "divisions" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 40641 (wfb::administrative_divisions the_gambia adm_div_the_gambia_divisions 5 );; line 40641 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_the_gambia_city "city" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 40641 (wfb::administrative_divisions the_gambia adm_div_the_gambia_city 1 );; line 40641 (wfb::administrative_division_of the_gambia adm_div_the_gambia_city "Banjul" );; line 40641 (wfb::administrative_division_of the_gambia adm_div_the_gambia_divisions "Lower River" );; line 40641 (wfb::administrative_division_of the_gambia adm_div_the_gambia_divisions "MacCarthy Island" );; line 40641 (wfb::administrative_division_of the_gambia adm_div_the_gambia_divisions "North Bank" );; line 40641 (wfb::administrative_division_of the_gambia adm_div_the_gambia_divisions "Upper River" );; line 40641 (wfb::administrative_division_of the_gambia adm_div_the_gambia_divisions "Western" );; line 40641 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1965 );; line 40653 (wfb::comment national_holiday the_gambia "1965" );; line 40653 (wfb::national_holiday the_gambia "Independence Day" date_18_feb );; line 40653 (wfb::constitution the_gambia "24 April 1970" );; line 40657 (wfb::legal_system the_gambia "based on a composite of English common law, Koranic law, and customary law; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations" );; line 40661 (wfb::comment suffrage the_gambia " universal" );; line 40666 (wfb::suffrage the_gambia (* 21 years_of_age) );; line 40666 (wfb::comment executive_branch the_gambia chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "Vice Chairman of the Armed Forces Provisional Ruling Council Capt. Edward SINGHATEH (since March 1995)" );; line 40671 (wfb::comment executive_branch the_gambia chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "election last held on 29 April 1992" );; line 40671 (wfb::comment executive_branch the_gambia chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "results - Sir Dawda JAWARA (PPP) 58.5%, Sherif Mustapha DIBBA (NCP) 22.2%, Assan Musa CAMARA (GPP) 8.0% (prior to the 22 July 1994 coup, next election was scheduled for April 1997)" );; line 40671 (wfb::comment executive_branch the_gambia cabinet "appointed by the president from members of the House of Representatives (present cabinet appointed by Chairman of the Armed Forces Provisional Ruling Council)" );; line 40679 (wfb::executive_branch the_gambia cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 40679 (wfb::legislative_structure the_gambia unicameral n/a );; line 40685 (wfb::legislative_branch the_gambia "House of Representatives" "elections last held on 29 April 1992 (next to be held April 1997); results - PPP 58.1%; seats - (43 total, 36 elected) PPP 30, NCP 6" );; line 40687 (wfb::judicial_branch the_gambia "Supreme Court" );; line 40692 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders the_gambia "People's Progressive Party (PPP), Dawda K. JAWARA (in exile), secretary general; National Convention Party (NCP), Sheriff DIBBA (in exile); Gambian People's Party (GPP), Hassan Musa CAMARA; United Party (UP), leader NA; People's Democratic Organization of Independence and Socialism (PDOIS), leader NA; People's Democratic Party (PDP), Jabel SALLAH" );; line 40696 (wfb::member_of the_gambia acp );; line 40704 (wfb::member_of the_gambia afdb );; line 40704 (wfb::member_of the_gambia c );; line 40704 (wfb::member_of the_gambia ccc );; line 40704 (wfb::member_of the_gambia eca );; line 40704 (wfb::member_of the_gambia ecowas );; line 40704 (wfb::member_of the_gambia fao );; line 40704 (wfb::member_of the_gambia g-77 );; line 40704 (wfb::member_of the_gambia gatt );; line 40704 (wfb::member_of the_gambia ibrd );; line 40704 (wfb::member_of the_gambia icao );; line 40704 (wfb::member_of the_gambia icftu );; line 40704 (wfb::member_of the_gambia icrm );; line 40704 (wfb::member_of the_gambia ida );; line 40704 (wfb::member_of the_gambia idb );; line 40704 (wfb::member_of the_gambia ifad );; line 40704 (wfb::member_of the_gambia ifc );; line 40704 (wfb::member_of the_gambia ifrcs );; line 40704 (wfb::member_of the_gambia imf );; line 40704 (wfb::member_of the_gambia imo );; line 40704 (wfb::member_of the_gambia intelsat );; line 40704 (wfb::comment member_of the_gambia intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 40704 (wfb::member_of the_gambia interpol );; line 40704 (wfb::member_of the_gambia ioc );; line 40704 (wfb::member_of the_gambia itu );; line 40704 (wfb::member_of the_gambia nam );; line 40704 (wfb::member_of the_gambia oau );; line 40704 (wfb::member_of the_gambia oic );; line 40704 (wfb::member_of the_gambia un );; line 40704 (wfb::member_of the_gambia unctad );; line 40704 (wfb::member_of the_gambia unesco );; line 40704 (wfb::member_of the_gambia unido );; line 40704 (wfb::member_of the_gambia upu );; line 40704 (wfb::member_of the_gambia wcl );; line 40704 (wfb::member_of the_gambia wftu );; line 40704 (wfb::member_of the_gambia who );; line 40704 (wfb::member_of the_gambia wipo );; line 40704 (wfb::member_of the_gambia wmo );; line 40704 (wfb::member_of the_gambia wto );; line 40704 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us the_gambia chief_of_mission "(vacant); Charge d'Affaires Aminatta DIBBA" );; line 40712 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us the_gambia chancery "Suite 1000, 1155 15th Street NW, Washington, DC 20005" );; line 40714 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us the_gambia telephone "[1] (202) 785-1399, 1379, 1425" );; line 40716 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us the_gambia fax "[1] (202) 785-1430" );; line 40718 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation the_gambia chief_of_mission "Ambassador Andrew J. WINTER" );; line 40723 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation the_gambia embassy "Fajara, Kairaba Avenue, Banjul" );; line 40725 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation the_gambia mailing_address "P. M. B. No. 19, Banjul" );; line 40727 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation the_gambia telephone "[220] 392856, 392858, 391970, 391971" );; line 40729 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation the_gambia fax "[220] 392475" );; line 40731 (wfb::flag the_gambia "three equal horizontal bands of red (top), blue with white edges, and green" );; line 40735 (wfb::overview the_gambia "The Gambia has no important mineral or other natural resources and has a limited agricultural base. About 75% of the population is engaged in crop production and livestock raising, which contribute 30% to GDP. Small-scale manufacturing activity - processing peanuts, fish, and hides - accounts for less than 10% of GDP. A sustained structural adjustment program, including a liberalized trade policy, had fostered a respectable 4% rate of growth in recent years. Reexport trade constitutes one-third of economic activity; however, border closures associated with Senegal's monetary crisis in late 1993 led to a halving of reexport trade, reducing government revenues in turn. The 50% devaluation of the CFA franc in January 1994 has made Senegalese goods more competitive and apparently prompted a relaxation of Senegalese controls, paving the way for a comeback in reexports. But overwhelming these developments were the devastating effects of the military's takeover in July 1994. By October, traffic at the Port of Banjul had fallen precipitously as importers nervously scaled back their activities with the commencement of the anticorruption drive by the new regime. Concerned with the growing potential for serious unrest after a countercoup attempt was bloodily put down by the regime, the United Kingdom and the EU in November issued a travelers advisory for The Gambia, which brought a halt to tourism almost immediately. The Gambia faces additional problems in 1995 if, as is likely, economic sanctions by Western governments remain in effect in response to indications that the military regime intends to stay in power far longer than expected by the donors." );; line 40741 (wfb::estimation-date national_product the_gambia date_1993 );; line 40767 (wfb::national_product the_gambia (* 1e9 $) );; line 40767 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate the_gambia (* n/a %) );; line 40771 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita the_gambia date_1993 );; line 40775 (wfb::national_product_per_capita the_gambia (* 1050 $) );; line 40775 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| the_gambia "6.5% (1993)" );; line 40779 (wfb::unemployment_rate the_gambia (* n/a %) );; line 40783 (wfb::budget the_gambia revenues (* 94e6 $) );; line 40788 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year budget the_gambia 92 );; line 40790 (wfb::budget the_gambia expenditures (* 89e6 $) );; line 40790 (wfb::budget the_gambia capital_expenditures (* 24e6 $) );; line 40790 (wfb::exports the_gambia (* 81e6 $) );; line 40795 (wfb::exports the_gambia commodities peanuts_and_peanut_products n/a );; line 40797 (wfb::exports the_gambia commodities fish-commodity n/a );; line 40797 (wfb::exports the_gambia commodities cotton_lint-commodity n/a );; line 40797 (wfb::exports the_gambia commodities palm_kernels n/a );; line 40797 (wfb::measurement-date exports the_gambia date_1989 );; line 40799 (wfb::exports the_gambia partners japan (* 60 %) );; line 40799 (wfb::exports the_gambia partners europe (* 29 %) );; line 40799 (wfb::exports the_gambia partners africa (* 5 %) );; line 40799 (wfb::exports the_gambia partners us (* 1 %) );; line 40799 (wfb::imports the_gambia (* 154e6 $) );; line 40803 (wfb::imports the_gambia commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 40805 (wfb::imports the_gambia commodities manufactures n/a );; line 40805 (wfb::imports the_gambia commodities raw_materials n/a );; line 40805 (wfb::imports the_gambia commodities fuel n/a );; line 40805 (wfb::imports the_gambia commodities machinery_and_transport_equipment n/a );; line 40805 (wfb::measurement-date imports the_gambia date_1989 );; line 40808 (wfb::imports the_gambia partners europe (* 57 %) );; line 40808 (wfb::imports the_gambia partners asia (* 25 %) );; line 40808 (wfb::imports the_gambia partners ussr_and_eastern_europe (* 9 %) );; line 40808 (wfb::imports the_gambia partners us (* 6 %) );; line 40808 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year external_debt the_gambia 92 );; line 40813 (wfb::external_debt the_gambia (* 286e6 $) );; line 40813 (wfb::industrial_production the_gambia growth_rate (* 6.7 %) );; line 40817 (wfb::electricity the_gambia capacity (* 30000 kw) );; line 40822 (wfb::electricity the_gambia production (* 70e6 kwh) );; line 40824 (wfb::measurement-date electricity the_gambia consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 40826 (wfb::electricity the_gambia consumption_per_capita (* 64 kwh) );; line 40826 (wfb::industry the_gambia peanut_processing );; line 40830 (wfb::industry the_gambia tourism );; line 40830 (wfb::industry the_gambia beverages-industry );; line 40830 (wfb::industry the_gambia agricultural_machinery_assembly );; line 40830 (wfb::industry the_gambia woodworking );; line 40830 (wfb::industry the_gambia metalworking );; line 40830 (wfb::industry the_gambia clothing );; line 40830 (wfb::agriculture the_gambia "accounts for 30% of GDP; one-third of food requirements is imported; major export crop is peanuts; other principal crops - millet, sorghum, rice, corn, cassava, palm kernels; livestock - cattle, sheep, goats; forestry and fishing resources not fully exploited" );; line 40835 (wfb::economic_aid the_gambia recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $93 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $535 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $39 million" );; line 40843 (wfb::abbreviation dalasi "D" );; line 40849 (wfb::currency the_gambia dalasi 100 butut );; line 40849 (wfb::exchange_rates the_gambia "dalasi (D) per US$1 - 9.565 (January 1995), 9.576 (1994), 9.129 (1993), 8.888 (1992), 8.803 (1991), 7.883 (1990)" );; line 40853 (wfb::fiscal_year the_gambia date_1_jul date_30_jun );; line 40858 (wfb::railroads the_gambia "0 km" );; line 40863 (wfb::highways the_gambia total (* 3083 km) );; line 40868 (wfb::highways the_gambia paved (* 431 km) );; line 40870 (wfb::highways the_gambia (union gravel crushed_stone ) (* 501 km) );; line 40872 (wfb::highways the_gambia unimproved_earth (* 2151 km) );; line 40872 (wfb::inland_waterways the_gambia "400 km" );; line 40876 (wfb::port the_gambia banjul-the_gambia );; line 40880 (wfb::merchant_marine the_gambia total "1 bulk ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 11,194 GRT/19,394 DWT" );; line 40885 (wfb::airports the_gambia total 1 );; line 40890 (wfb::airports the_gambia |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 40892 (wfb::telephone_system the_gambia "3,500 telephones; telephone density - 4 telephones/1,000 persons" );; line 40897 (wfb::telephone_system the_gambia local "NA" );; line 40899 (wfb::telephone_system the_gambia intercity "adequate network of radio relay and wire" );; line 40901 (wfb::telephone_system the_gambia international "1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth station" );; line 40903 (wfb::radio the_gambia broadcast_stations am 3 );; line 40908 (wfb::radio the_gambia broadcast_stations fm 2 );; line 40908 (wfb::radio the_gambia broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 40908 (wfb::radio the_gambia radios n/a );; line 40910 (wfb::television the_gambia broadcast_stations n/a );; line 40915 (wfb::television the_gambia televisions n/a );; line 40917 (wfb::defense_branch the_gambia army_the_gambia );; line 40923 (wfb::defense_branch the_gambia navy_the_gambia );; line 40923 (wfb::defense_branch the_gambia national_police_the_gambia );; line 40923 (wfb::manpower_availability the_gambia "males age 15-49 214,680; males fit for military service 108,659 (1995 est.)" );; line 40927 (wfb::for-fiscal-year defense_expenditures the_gambia 93 );; line 40932 (wfb::defense_expenditures the_gambia (* 14e6 $) );; line 40932 (wfb::defense_expenditures the_gambia (* 3.8 %_of_gdp) );; line 40932 (wfb::markup-parameter figure gaza_strip "graphno=\"gz.tif\"" );; line 40938 (wfb::header gaza_strip "Note--The Israel-PLO Declaration of Principles on Interim Self-Government Arrangements (\"the DOP\"), signed in Washington on 13 September 1993, provides for a transitional period not exceeding five years of Palestinian interim self-government in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank. Under the DOP, final status negotiations are to begin no later than the beginning of the third year of the transitional period." );; line 40938 (wfb::location gaza_strip "Middle East, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Egypt and Israel" );; line 40948 (wfb::map_references gaza_strip "Middle East" );; line 40953 (wfb::area gaza_strip total_area (* 360 sq_km) );; line 40958 (wfb::area gaza_strip land_area (* 360 sq_km) );; line 40960 (wfb::area gaza_strip comparative_area "slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC" );; line 40962 (wfb::borders gaza_strip total (* 62 km) );; line 40966 (wfb::borders gaza_strip egypt (* 11 km) );; line 40966 (wfb::borders gaza_strip israel (* 51 km) );; line 40966 (wfb::coastline gaza_strip (* 40 km) );; line 40970 (wfb::international_disputes gaza_strip "West Bank and Gaza Strip are Israeli occupied with interim status subject to Israeli/Palestinian negotiations - final status to be determined" );; line 40979 (wfb::climate gaza_strip "temperate, mild winters, dry and warm to hot summers" );; line 40984 (wfb::terrain gaza_strip "flat to rolling, sand- and dune-covered coastal plain" );; line 40988 (wfb::natural-resource gaza_strip negligible );; line 40992 (wfb::land_use gaza_strip arable_land (* 13 %) );; line 40997 (wfb::land_use gaza_strip permanent_crops (* 32 %) );; line 40999 (wfb::land_use gaza_strip meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 41001 (wfb::land_use gaza_strip forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 41003 (wfb::land_use gaza_strip other (* 55 %) );; line 41005 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land gaza_strip date_1992 );; line 41009 (wfb::irrigated_land gaza_strip (* 115 sq_km) );; line 41009 (wfb::environment gaza_strip current_issues "desertification" );; line 41014 (wfb::environment gaza_strip natural_hazards "NA" );; line 41016 (wfb::environment gaza_strip international_agreements "NA" );; line 41018 (wfb::note gaza_strip "there are 24 Jewish settlements and civilian land use sites in the Gaza Strip (August 1994 est.)" );; line 41022 (wfb::estimation-date population gaza_strip date_jul_1995 );; line 41029 (wfb::population gaza_strip 813322 );; line 41029 (wfb::comment population gaza_strip "in addition, there are 4,800 Jewish settlers in the Gaza Strip (August 1994 est.)" );; line 41031 (wfb::age_structure gaza_strip 0-14_years (* 52 %) );; line 41037 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex gaza_strip 0-14_years female 205192 );; line 41037 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex gaza_strip 0-14_years male 215158 );; line 41037 (wfb::age_structure gaza_strip 15-64_years (* 45 %) );; line 41039 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex gaza_strip 15-64_years female 185748 );; line 41039 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex gaza_strip 15-64_years male 183886 );; line 41039 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure gaza_strip 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 41041 (wfb::age_structure gaza_strip 65_years_and_over (* 3 %) );; line 41041 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex gaza_strip 65_years_and_over female 13106 );; line 41041 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex gaza_strip 65_years_and_over male 10232 );; line 41041 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate gaza_strip date_1995 );; line 41045 (wfb::population_growth_rate gaza_strip (* 4.55 %) );; line 41045 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate gaza_strip date_1995 );; line 41049 (wfb::birth_rate gaza_strip (* 50.24 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 41049 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate gaza_strip date_1995 );; line 41053 (wfb::death_rate gaza_strip (* 4.75 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 41053 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate gaza_strip date_1995 );; line 41057 (wfb::net_migration_rate gaza_strip (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 41057 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate gaza_strip date_1995 );; line 41061 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate gaza_strip (* 30.6 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 41061 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth gaza_strip total_population (* 71.09 years) );; line 41066 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth gaza_strip male (* 69.56 years) );; line 41068 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth gaza_strip female date_1995 );; line 41070 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth gaza_strip female (* 72.69 years) );; line 41070 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate gaza_strip date_1995 );; line 41074 (wfb::total_fertility_rate gaza_strip (* 7.74 children_born/woman) );; line 41074 (wfb::nationality gaza_strip noun "NA" );; line 41079 (wfb::nationality gaza_strip adjective "NA" );; line 41081 (wfb::ethnic-entity gaza_strip palestinian_arab_and_other (* 99.4 %) );; line 41085 (wfb::ethnic-entity gaza_strip jewish-ethnic-entity (* 0.6 %) );; line 41085 (wfb::religion gaza_strip |Muslim (predominantly Sunni)| (* 98.7 %) );; line 41089 (wfb::religion gaza_strip christian (* 0.7 %) );; line 41089 (wfb::religion gaza_strip jewish (* 0.6 %) );; line 41089 (wfb::language gaza_strip arabic n/a );; line 41093 (wfb::language gaza_strip hebrew n/a );; line 41093 (wfb::comment language gaza_strip hebrew "spoken by Israeli settlers" );; line 41093 (wfb::language gaza_strip english n/a );; line 41093 (wfb::comment language gaza_strip english "widely understood" );; line 41093 (wfb::literacy-condition gaza_strip "NA%" );; line 41098 (wfb::total_labor_force gaza_strip n/a );; line 41102 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force gaza_strip by_occupation date_1991 );; line 41104 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1991 );; line 41104 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation gaza_strip construction (* 33.4 %) );; line 41104 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation gaza_strip agriculture (* 20.0 %) );; line 41104 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation gaza_strip commerce n/a );; line 41104 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation gaza_strip restaurants n/a );; line 41104 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation gaza_strip hotels (* 14.9 %) );; line 41104 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation gaza_strip industry (* 10.0 %) );; line 41104 (wfb::comment labor_force gaza_strip "excluding Jewish settlers" );; line 41107 (wfb::note gaza_strip "Under the Israeli-PLO Declaration of Principles on Interim Self-Government Arrangements (\"the DOP\"), Israel agreed to transfer certain powers and responsibilities to the Palestinian Authority, and subsequently to an elected Palestinian Council, as part of interim self-governing arrangements in the West Bank and Gaza Strip. A transfer of powers and responsibilities for the Gaza Strip and Jericho has taken place pursuant to the Israel-PLO 4 May 1994 Cairo Agreement on the Gaza Strip and the Jericho Area. The DOP provides that Israel will retain responsibility during the transitional period for external security and for internal security and public order of settlements and Israelis. Final status is to be determined through direct negotiations within five years." );; line 41112 (wfb::names gaza_strip conventional_short_form "Gaza Strip" );; line 41129 (wfb::names gaza_strip local_short_form "Qita Ghazzah" );; line 41133 (wfb::digraph gaza_strip "GZ" );; line 41137 (wfb::overview gaza_strip "In 1991 roughly 40% of Gaza Strip workers were employed across the border by Israeli industrial, construction, and agricultural enterprises, with worker remittances supplementing GDP by roughly 50%. Gaza depends upon Israel for nearly 90% of its external trade. Aggravating the impact of Israeli military administration, unrest in the territory since 1988 (intifadah) has raised unemployment and lowered the standard of living of Gazans. The Persian Gulf crisis and its aftershocks also have dealt blows to Gaza since August 1990. Worker remittances from the Gulf states have dropped, unemployment has increased, and exports have fallen. The withdrawal of Israel from the Gaza Strip in May 1994 brings a new set of adjustment problems." );; line 41142 (wfb::estimation-date national_product gaza_strip date_1993 );; line 41155 (wfb::national_product gaza_strip (* 1.7e9 $) );; line 41155 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate gaza_strip (* n/a %) );; line 41159 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita gaza_strip date_1993 );; line 41163 (wfb::national_product_per_capita gaza_strip (* 2400 $) );; line 41163 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| gaza_strip "5.7% (1993)" );; line 41167 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate gaza_strip date_1994 );; line 41171 (wfb::unemployment_rate gaza_strip (* 45 %) );; line 41171 (wfb::budget gaza_strip revenues (* 33.6e6 $) );; line 41176 (wfb::for-fiscal-year budget gaza_strip 89 );; line 41178 (wfb::budget gaza_strip expenditures (* 34.5e6 $) );; line 41178 (wfb::budget gaza_strip capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 41178 (wfb::exports gaza_strip (* 83e6 $) );; line 41182 (wfb::exports gaza_strip partners israel n/a );; line 41186 (wfb::exports gaza_strip partners egypt n/a );; line 41186 (wfb::imports gaza_strip (* 365e6 $) );; line 41190 (wfb::imports gaza_strip commodities food n/a );; line 41192 (wfb::imports gaza_strip commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 41192 (wfb::imports gaza_strip commodities construction_materials n/a );; line 41192 (wfb::imports gaza_strip partners israel n/a );; line 41194 (wfb::imports gaza_strip partners egypt n/a );; line 41194 (wfb::external_debt gaza_strip (* n/a $) );; line 41198 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1991 );; line 41202 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production gaza_strip date_1991 );; line 41202 (wfb::industrial_production gaza_strip growth_rate (* 11 %) );; line 41202 (wfb::industry gaza_strip generally_small_family_businesses_that_produce_textiles );; line 41210 (wfb::industry gaza_strip soap );; line 41210 (wfb::industry gaza_strip olive-wood_carvings );; line 41210 (wfb::industry gaza_strip mother-of-pearl_souvenirs );; line 41210 (wfb::industry gaza_strip the_israelis_have_established_some_small-scale_modern_industries_in_an_industrial_center );; line 41210 (wfb::agriculture gaza_strip "olives, citrus and other fruits; vegetables; beef and dairy products" );; line 41216 (wfb::economic_aid gaza_strip "$240 million disbursed from international aid pledges in 1994" );; line 41221 (wfb::abbreviation new_israeli_shekel "NIS" );; line 41225 (wfb::currency gaza_strip new_israeli_shekel 100 new_agorot );; line 41225 (wfb::exchange_rates gaza_strip "new Israeli shekels (NIS) per US$1 - 3.0270 (December 1994), 3.0111 (1994), 2.8301 (1993), 2.4591 (1992), 2.2791 (1991), 2.0162 (1990)" );; line 41229 (wfb::fiscal_year gaza_strip date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 41234 (wfb::railroads gaza_strip total "NA km; note - one line, abandoned and in disrepair, little trackage remains" );; line 41240 (wfb::comment highways gaza_strip "small, poorly developed road network" );; line 41252 (wfb::port gaza_strip gaza-gaza_strip );; line 41256 (wfb::airports gaza_strip total 1 );; line 41261 (wfb::airports gaza_strip with_paved_runways_under_914_m 1 );; line 41263 (wfb::telephone_system gaza_strip "NA; note - 10% of Palestinian households have telephones (1992 est.)" );; line 41268 (wfb::telephone_system gaza_strip local "NA" );; line 41271 (wfb::telephone_system gaza_strip intercity "NA" );; line 41273 (wfb::telephone_system gaza_strip international "NA" );; line 41275 (wfb::radio gaza_strip broadcast_stations am 0 );; line 41280 (wfb::radio gaza_strip broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 41280 (wfb::radio gaza_strip broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 41280 (wfb::estimation-date radio gaza_strip radios date_1992 );; line 41282 (wfb::television gaza_strip broadcast_stations 0 );; line 41287 (wfb::estimation-date television gaza_strip televisions date_1992 );; line 41289 (wfb::markup-parameter figure georgia "graphno=\"gg.tif\"" );; line 41306 (wfb::header georgia "Note--Georgia has been beset by ethnic and civil strife since independence. In late 1991, the country's first elected president, Zviad GAMSAKHURDIA was ousted in an armed coup. In October 1993, GAMSAKHURDIA, and his supporters sponsored a failed attempt to retake power from the current government led by former Soviet Foreign Minister Eduard SHEVARDNADZE. The Georgian government has also faced armed separatist conflicts in the Abkhazia and South Ossetia regions. A cease-fire went into effect in South Ossetia in June 1992 and a joint Georgian-Ossetian-Russian peacekeeping force has been in place since that time. Georgian forces were driven out of the Abkhaz region in September 1993 after a yearlong war with Abkhaz separatists. Nearly 200,000 Georgian refugees have since fled Abkhazia, adding substantially to the estimated 100,000 internally displaced persons already in Georgia. Russian peacekeepers are deployed along the border of Abkhazia and the rest of Georgia." );; line 41306 (wfb::location georgia "Southwestern Asia, bordering the Black Sea, between Turkey and Russia" );; line 41323 (wfb::map_references georgia "Middle East" );; line 41328 (wfb::area georgia total_area (* 69700 sq_km) );; line 41333 (wfb::area georgia land_area (* 69700 sq_km) );; line 41335 (wfb::area georgia comparative_area "slightly larger than South Carolina" );; line 41337 (wfb::borders georgia total (* 1461 km) );; line 41341 (wfb::borders georgia armenia (* 164 km) );; line 41341 (wfb::borders georgia azerbaijan (* 322 km) );; line 41341 (wfb::borders georgia russia (* 723 km) );; line 41341 (wfb::borders georgia turkey (* 252 km) );; line 41341 (wfb::coastline georgia (* 310 km) );; line 41346 (wfb::international_disputes georgia "none" );; line 41354 (wfb::climate georgia "warm" );; line 41358 (wfb::climate georgia "pleasant" );; line 41358 (wfb::climate georgia "Mediterranean-like on Black Sea coast" );; line 41358 (wfb::terrain georgia "largely mountainous with Great Caucasus Mountains in the north and Lesser Caucasus Mountains in the south" );; line 41362 (wfb::terrain georgia "Kolkhida Lowland opens to the Black Sea in the west" );; line 41362 (wfb::terrain georgia "Mtkvari River Basin in the east" );; line 41362 (wfb::terrain georgia "good soils in river valley flood plains, foothills of Kolkhida Lowland" );; line 41362 (wfb::natural-resource georgia forest_lands );; line 41369 (wfb::natural-resource georgia hydropower-natural-resource );; line 41369 (wfb::natural-resource georgia manganese_deposits );; line 41369 (wfb::natural-resource georgia iron_ores );; line 41369 (wfb::natural-resource georgia copper );; line 41369 (wfb::natural-resource georgia minor_coal_and_oil_deposits );; line 41369 (wfb::natural-resource georgia coastal_climate_and_soils_allow_for_important_tea_and_citrus_growth );; line 41369 (wfb::land_use georgia arable_land (* 11 %) );; line 41376 (wfb::land_use georgia permanent_crops (* 4 %) );; line 41378 (wfb::land_use georgia meadows_and_pastures (* 29 %) );; line 41380 (wfb::land_use georgia forest_and_woodland (* 38 %) );; line 41382 (wfb::land_use georgia other (* 18 %) );; line 41384 (wfb::measurement-date irrigated_land georgia date_1990 );; line 41388 (wfb::irrigated_land georgia (* 4660 sq_km) );; line 41388 (wfb::environment georgia current_issues "air pollution, particularly in Rust'avi" );; line 41393 (wfb::environment georgia current_issues "heavy pollution of Mtkvari River and the Black Sea" );; line 41393 (wfb::environment georgia current_issues "inadequate supplies of potable water" );; line 41393 (wfb::environment georgia current_issues "soil pollution from toxic chemicals" );; line 41393 (wfb::environment georgia natural_hazards "NA" );; line 41397 (wfb::environment georgia international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Ship Pollution" );; line 41399 (wfb::environment georgia international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Desertification" );; line 41399 (wfb::estimation-date population georgia date_jul_1995 );; line 41406 (wfb::population georgia 5725972 );; line 41406 (wfb::age_structure georgia 0-14_years (* 24 %) );; line 41411 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex georgia 0-14_years female 674331 );; line 41411 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex georgia 0-14_years male 707355 );; line 41411 (wfb::age_structure georgia 15-64_years (* 64 %) );; line 41413 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex georgia 15-64_years female 1894681 );; line 41413 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex georgia 15-64_years male 1791847 );; line 41413 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure georgia 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 41415 (wfb::age_structure georgia 65_years_and_over (* 12 %) );; line 41415 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex georgia 65_years_and_over female 410703 );; line 41415 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex georgia 65_years_and_over male 247055 );; line 41415 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate georgia date_1995 );; line 41419 (wfb::population_growth_rate georgia (* 0.77 %) );; line 41419 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate georgia date_1995 );; line 41423 (wfb::birth_rate georgia (* 15.77 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 41423 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate georgia date_1995 );; line 41427 (wfb::death_rate georgia (* 8.73 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 41427 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate georgia date_1995 );; line 41431 (wfb::net_migration_rate georgia (* 0.66 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 41431 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate georgia date_1995 );; line 41435 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate georgia (* 22.6 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 41435 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth georgia total_population (* 73.1 years) );; line 41440 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth georgia male (* 69.43 years) );; line 41442 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth georgia female date_1995 );; line 41444 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth georgia female (* 76.95 years) );; line 41444 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate georgia date_1995 );; line 41448 (wfb::total_fertility_rate georgia (* 2.16 children_born/woman) );; line 41448 (wfb::nationality georgia noun "Georgian(s)" );; line 41453 (wfb::nationality georgia adjective "Georgian" );; line 41455 (wfb::ethnic-entity georgia georgian (* 70.1 %) );; line 41459 (wfb::ethnic-entity georgia armenian (* 8.1 %) );; line 41459 (wfb::ethnic-entity georgia russian (* 6.3 %) );; line 41459 (wfb::ethnic-entity georgia azeri (* 5.7 %) );; line 41459 (wfb::ethnic-entity georgia ossetian (* 3 %) );; line 41459 (wfb::ethnic-entity georgia abkhaz (* 1.8 %) );; line 41459 (wfb::religion georgia georgian_orthodox (* 65 %) );; line 41464 (wfb::religion georgia russian_orthodox (* 10 %) );; line 41464 (wfb::religion georgia muslim (* 11 %) );; line 41464 (wfb::religion georgia armenian_orthodox (* 8 %) );; line 41464 (wfb::religion georgia unknown (* 6 %) );; line 41464 (wfb::language georgia armenian-language-group (* 7 %) );; line 41469 (wfb::language georgia azeri-language-group (* 6 %) );; line 41469 (wfb::language georgia georgian-language-group (* 71 %) );; line 41469 (wfb::comment language georgia georgian-language-group "official" );; line 41469 (wfb::language georgia russian-language-group (* 9 %) );; line 41469 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition georgia date_1989 );; line 41474 (wfb::literacy-condition georgia "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 41474 (wfb::literacy georgia total_population (* 99 %) );; line 41476 (wfb::literacy georgia male (* 100 %) );; line 41478 (wfb::literacy georgia female (* 98 %) );; line 41480 (wfb::total_labor_force georgia 2.763e6 );; line 41484 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force georgia by_occupation date_1990 );; line 41486 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1990 );; line 41486 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation georgia industry_and_construction (* 31 %) );; line 41486 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation georgia agriculture_and_forestry (* 25 %) );; line 41486 (wfb::names georgia conventional_long_form "Republic of Georgia" );; line 41493 (wfb::names georgia conventional_short_form "Georgia" );; line 41495 (wfb::names georgia local_long_form "Sak'art'velos Respublika" );; line 41497 (wfb::names georgia local_short_form "Sak'art'velo" );; line 41499 (wfb::names georgia former "Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic" );; line 41501 (wfb::digraph georgia "GG" );; line 41505 (wfb::type georgia "republic" );; line 41509 (wfb::capital georgia |T'bilisi-georgia| );; line 41513 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_georgia_autonomous_republics "autonomous republics" "avtomnoy respubliki" "avtom respublika" );; line 41517 (wfb::administrative_divisions georgia adm_div_georgia_autonomous_republics 2 );; line 41517 (wfb::administrative_division_of georgia adm_div_georgia_autonomous_republics "Abkhazia (Sokhumi)" );; line 41517 (wfb::administrative_division_of georgia adm_div_georgia_autonomous_republics "Ajaria (Bat'umi)" );; line 41517 (wfb::comment administrative_divisions georgia "the administrative centers of the autonomous republics are included in parentheses; there are no oblasts - the rayons around T'bilisi are under direct republic jurisdiction" );; line 41520 (wfb::independence georgia date_9_apr_1991 "Soviet Union" );; line 41526 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1991 );; line 41530 (wfb::comment national_holiday georgia "1991" );; line 41530 (wfb::national_holiday georgia "Independence Day" date_26_may );; line 41530 (wfb::constitution georgia "adopted 21 February 1921; currently amending constitution for Parliamentary and popular review by late 1995" );; line 41534 (wfb::legal_system georgia "based on civil law system" );; line 41539 (wfb::comment suffrage georgia " universal" );; line 41543 (wfb::suffrage georgia (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 41543 (wfb::comment executive_branch georgia chief_of_state "election last held 11 October 1992 (next to be held October 1995)" );; line 41548 (wfb::comment executive_branch georgia chief_of_state "results - Eduard SHEVARDNADZE 95%" );; line 41548 (wfb::executive_branch georgia chief_of_state "Chairman of Parliament Eduard Amvrosiyevich SHEVARDNADZE (Chairman of the Government Council since 10 March 1992; elected Chairman of Parliament in 11 October 1992; note - the Government Council has since been disbanded)" n/a );; line 41548 (wfb::comment executive_branch georgia head_of_government "Deputy Prime Ministers Avtandil MARGIANI, Zurab KERVALISHVILI (since 25 November 1992), Tamaz NADAREISHVILI (since September 1993), Temur BASILIA (since 17 March 1994), Bakur GULA (since NA)" );; line 41554 (wfb::executive_branch georgia head_of_government "Prime Minister Otar PATSATSIA " date_sep_1993 );; line 41554 (wfb::executive_branch georgia cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 41559 (wfb::legislative_structure georgia unicameral n/a );; line 41563 (wfb::legislative_branch georgia "Georgian Parliament (Supreme Soviet)" "elections last held 11 October 1992 (next to be held October 1995); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (225 total) number of seats by party NA" );; line 41565 (wfb::judicial_branch georgia "Supreme Court" );; line 41571 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders georgia "Citizens Union (CU), Eduard SHEVARDNADZE, Zurab SHVANIA, general secretary; National Democratic Party (NDP), Georgi (Gia) CHANTURIA, Ivane GIORGADZE; United Republican Party, umbrella organization for parties including the GPF and the Charter 1991 Party, cochairmen Bakhtand DZABIRADZE, Notar NATADZE, and Theodor PAATASHVILI; Georgian Popular Front (GPF), Nodar NATADZE, chairman; Charter 1991 Party, Thedor PAATASHVILI; Georgian Social Democratic Party (GSDP), Guram MUCHAIDZE, secretary general; National Reconstruction and Rebirth of Georgia Union, Valerian ADVADZE; Christian Democratic Union (CDU), Irakli SHENGELAYA; Democratic Georgia Union (DGU), El'dar SHENGELAYA; National Independence Party (NIP), Irakliy TSERETELI, chairman; Georgian Monarchists' Party (GMP), Temur ZHORZHOLIANI; Green Party, Zurab ZHVANIA; Republican Party (RP), Ivliane KHAINDRAVA; Workers' Union of Georgia (WUG), Vakhtang GABUNIA; Agrarian Party of Georgia (APG), Roin LIPARTELIANI; Choice Society (Archevani), Jaba IOSELIANI, chairman; Georgian Workers Communist Party, Panteleimon GIORGADZE, chairman; National Liberation Front, Tengiz SIGULA, chairman" );; line 41575 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups georgia "supporters of ousted President Zviad GAMSAKHURDIA (deceased 1 January 1994) boycotted the October elections and remain a source of opposition" );; line 41593 (wfb::member_of georgia bsec );; line 41599 (wfb::member_of georgia ccc );; line 41599 (wfb::member_of georgia cis );; line 41599 (wfb::member_of georgia ebrd );; line 41599 (wfb::member_of georgia ece );; line 41599 (wfb::member_of georgia ibrd );; line 41599 (wfb::member_of georgia icao );; line 41599 (wfb::member_of georgia ida );; line 41599 (wfb::member_of georgia ilo );; line 41599 (wfb::member_of georgia imf );; line 41599 (wfb::member_of georgia imo );; line 41599 (wfb::member_of georgia inmarsat );; line 41599 (wfb::member_of georgia interpol );; line 41599 (wfb::member_of georgia ioc );; line 41599 (wfb::member_of georgia iom );; line 41599 (wfb::comment member_of georgia iom "observer" );; line 41599 (wfb::member_of georgia itu );; line 41599 (wfb::member_of georgia nacc );; line 41599 (wfb::member_of georgia osce );; line 41599 (wfb::member_of georgia pfp );; line 41599 (wfb::member_of georgia un );; line 41599 (wfb::member_of georgia unctad );; line 41599 (wfb::member_of georgia unesco );; line 41599 (wfb::member_of georgia unido );; line 41599 (wfb::member_of georgia upu );; line 41599 (wfb::member_of georgia who );; line 41599 (wfb::member_of georgia wipo );; line 41599 (wfb::member_of georgia wmo );; line 41599 (wfb::member_of georgia wto );; line 41599 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us georgia chief_of_mission "Ambassador Tedo JAPARIDZE" );; line 41606 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us georgia chancery "(temporary) Suite 424, 1511 K Street NW, Washington, DC 20005" );; line 41608 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us georgia telephone "[1] (202) 393-6060, 5959" );; line 41610 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation georgia chief_of_mission "Ambassador Kent N. BROWN" );; line 41615 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation georgia embassy "#25 Antoneli Street, T'bilisi 380026" );; line 41617 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation georgia mailing_address "use embassy street address" );; line 41619 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation georgia telephone "[7] (8832) 98-99-67, 93-38-03" );; line 41621 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation georgia fax "[7] (8832) 93-37-59" );; line 41623 (wfb::flag georgia "maroon field with small rectangle in upper hoist side corner; rectangle divided horizontally with black on top, white below" );; line 41627 (wfb::overview georgia "Georgia's economy has traditionally revolved around Black Sea tourism; cultivation of citrus fruits, tea, and grapes; mining of manganese and copper; and a small industrial sector producing wine, metals, machinery, chemicals, and textiles. The country imports the bulk of its energy needs, including natural gas and oil products. Its only sizable domestic energy resource is hydropower. Since 1990, widespread conflicts, e.g., in Abkhazia, South Ossetia, and Mingreliya, have severely aggravated the economic crisis resulting from the disintegration of the Soviet command economy in December 1991. Throughout 1993 and 1994, much of industry was functioning at only 20% of capacity; heavy disruptions in agricultural cultivation were reported; and tourism was shut down. The country is precariously dependent on US and EU humanitarian grain shipments, as most other foods are priced beyond reach of the average citizen. Georgia is also suffering from an acute energy crisis, as it is having problems paying for even minimal imports. Georgia is pinning its hopes for recovery on reestablishing trade ties with Russia and on developing international transportation through the key Black Sea ports of P'ot'i and Bat'umi. The government began a tenuous program in 1994 aiming to stabilize prices and reduce large consumer subsidies." );; line 41633 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate georgia date_1994 );; line 41659 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate georgia (* -30 %) );; line 41659 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita georgia date_1994 );; line 41663 (wfb::national_product_per_capita georgia (* 1060 $) );; line 41663 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| georgia "40.5% per month (2nd half 1993 est.)" );; line 41667 (wfb::budget georgia revenues (* n/a $) );; line 41677 (wfb::budget georgia expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 41679 (wfb::budget georgia capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 41679 (wfb::exports georgia (* n/a $) );; line 41683 (wfb::exports georgia commodities citrus_fruits n/a );; line 41685 (wfb::exports georgia commodities tea n/a );; line 41685 (wfb::exports georgia commodities wine n/a );; line 41685 (wfb::exports georgia commodities diverse_types_of_machinery n/a );; line 41685 (wfb::exports georgia commodities ferrous_and_nonferrous_metals-commodity n/a );; line 41685 (wfb::exports georgia commodities textiles-commodity n/a );; line 41685 (wfb::exports georgia commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 41685 (wfb::exports georgia commodities fuel_re-exports n/a );; line 41685 (wfb::measurement-date exports georgia date_1992 );; line 41689 (wfb::exports georgia partners russia n/a );; line 41689 (wfb::exports georgia partners turkey n/a );; line 41689 (wfb::exports georgia partners armenia n/a );; line 41689 (wfb::exports georgia partners azerbaijan n/a );; line 41689 (wfb::imports georgia (* n/a $) );; line 41693 (wfb::imports georgia commodities fuel n/a );; line 41695 (wfb::imports georgia commodities grain_and_other_foods n/a );; line 41695 (wfb::imports georgia commodities machinery_and_parts n/a );; line 41695 (wfb::imports georgia commodities transport_equipment n/a );; line 41695 (wfb::imports georgia partners russia n/a );; line 41698 (wfb::imports georgia partners azerbaijan n/a );; line 41698 (wfb::imports georgia partners turkey n/a );; line 41698 (wfb::imports georgia partners note_-_eu_and_us_sent_humanitarian_food_shipments n/a );; line 41698 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 41708 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production georgia date_1993 );; line 41708 (wfb::industrial_production georgia growth_rate (* -27 %) );; line 41708 (wfb::industrial_production georgia accounts_for (* 36 %_of_gdp) );; line 41708 (wfb::electricity georgia capacity (* 4410000 kw) );; line 41713 (wfb::electricity georgia production (* 9.1e9 kwh) );; line 41715 (wfb::measurement-date electricity georgia consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 41717 (wfb::electricity georgia consumption_per_capita (* 1526 kwh) );; line 41717 (wfb::industry georgia heavy_industrial_products_include_raw_steel );; line 41721 (wfb::industry georgia rolled_steel-industry );; line 41721 (wfb::industry georgia airplanes );; line 41721 (wfb::industry georgia machine_tools );; line 41721 (wfb::industry georgia foundry_equipment );; line 41721 (wfb::industry georgia electric_locomotives );; line 41721 (wfb::industry georgia tower_cranes );; line 41721 (wfb::industry georgia electric_welding_equipment );; line 41721 (wfb::industry georgia machinery_for_food_preparation_and_meat_packing );; line 41721 (wfb::industry georgia electric_motors );; line 41721 (wfb::industry georgia process_control_equipment );; line 41721 (wfb::industry georgia instruments );; line 41721 (wfb::industry georgia trucks );; line 41721 (wfb::industry georgia tractors-industry );; line 41721 (wfb::industry georgia light_industrial_products );; line 41721 (wfb::industry georgia including_cloth );; line 41721 (wfb::industry georgia hosiery );; line 41721 (wfb::industry georgia shoes );; line 41721 (wfb::industry georgia chemicals );; line 41721 (wfb::industry georgia wood-working_industries );; line 41721 (wfb::industry georgia the_most_important_food_industry_is_wine );; line 41721 (wfb::agriculture georgia "accounted for 97% of former USSR citrus fruits and 93% of former USSR tea; important producer of grapes; also cultivates vegetables and potatoes; dependent on imports for grain, dairy products, sugar; small livestock sector" );; line 41731 (wfb::illicit_drugs georgia "illicit cultivator of cannabis and opium poppy; mostly for domestic consumption; used as transshipment point for illicit drugs to Western Europe" );; line 41738 (wfb::economic_aid georgia recipient "heavily dependent on US and EU for humanitarian grain shipments; EC granted around $70 million in trade credits in 1992 and another $40 million in 1993; Turkey granted $50 million in 1993; smaller scale credits granted by Russia and China" );; line 41745 (wfb::comment currency georgia "in July 1993 use of the Russian ruble was banned" );; line 41752 (wfb::exchange_rates georgia "coupons per $US1 - 1,280,000 (end December 1994)" );; line 41758 (wfb::fiscal_year georgia date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 41762 (wfb::railroads georgia total "1,570 km in common carrier service; does not include industrial lines" );; line 41768 (wfb::railroads georgia broad_gauge "1,570 km 1.520-m gauge (1990)" );; line 41771 (wfb::highways georgia total (* 33900 km) );; line 41776 (wfb::highways georgia paved_and_graveled (* 29500 km) );; line 41778 (wfb::measurement-date highways georgia date_1990 );; line 41780 (wfb::comment highways georgia unpaved "1990" );; line 41780 (wfb::measurement-date highways georgia unpaved earth date_1990 );; line 41780 (wfb::highways georgia earth (* 4400 km) );; line 41780 (wfb::measurement-date pipelines date_1992 );; line 41784 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 370 km) );; line 41784 (wfb::pipelines refined_products (* 300 km) );; line 41784 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 440 km) );; line 41784 (wfb::port georgia |Bat'umi-georgia| );; line 41789 (wfb::port georgia |P'ot'i-georgia| );; line 41789 (wfb::port georgia sokhumi-georgia );; line 41789 (wfb::merchant_marine georgia total "32 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 419,416 GRT/640,897 DWT" );; line 41794 (wfb::merchant_marine georgia ships_by_type "bulk 11, cargo 1, oil tanker 19, short-sea passenger 1" );; line 41796 (wfb::airports georgia total 28 );; line 41801 (wfb::airports georgia |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 41803 (wfb::airports georgia |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 7 );; line 41805 (wfb::airports georgia |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 4 );; line 41807 (wfb::airports georgia |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 41809 (wfb::airports georgia with_paved_runways_under_914_m 1 );; line 41811 (wfb::airports georgia |with unpaved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 41813 (wfb::airports georgia |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 41815 (wfb::airports georgia |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 1 );; line 41817 (wfb::airports georgia |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 5 );; line 41819 (wfb::airports georgia with_unpaved_runways_under_914_m 6 );; line 41821 (wfb::note georgia "transportation network is in poor condition and disrupted by ethnic conflict, criminal activities, and fuel shortages; network lacks maintenance and repair" );; line 41825 (wfb::telephone_system georgia "672,000 telephones (mid-1993); 117 telephones/1,000 persons; poor telephone service; 339,000 unsatisfied applications for telephones (December 1990)" );; line 41832 (wfb::telephone_system georgia local "NA" );; line 41836 (wfb::telephone_system georgia intercity "NA" );; line 41838 (wfb::telephone_system georgia international "links via landline to CIS members and Turkey; low-capacity satellite link and leased international connections via the Moscow international gateway switch with other countries; international electronic mail and telex service available" );; line 41840 (wfb::radio georgia radios n/a );; line 41850 (wfb::television georgia broadcast_stations n/a );; line 41855 (wfb::television georgia televisions n/a );; line 41857 (wfb::defense_branch georgia army_georgia );; line 41863 (wfb::defense_branch georgia navy_georgia );; line 41863 (wfb::defense_branch georgia air_force_georgia );; line 41863 (wfb::defense_branch georgia interior_ministry_troops_georgia );; line 41863 (wfb::defense_branch georgia border_guards/national_guard_georgia );; line 41863 (wfb::manpower_availability georgia "males age 15-49 1,385,593; males fit for military service 1,095,835; males reach military age (18) annually 42,207 (1995 est.)" );; line 41868 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures georgia date_1992 );; line 41873 (wfb::defense_expenditures georgia (* 85e6 $) );; line 41873 (wfb::defense_expenditures georgia (* n/a %_of_gdp) );; line 41873 (wfb::note georgia "Georgian forces are poorly organized and not fully under the government's control" );; line 41877 (wfb::markup-parameter figure germany "graphno=\"gm.tif\"" );; line 41884 (wfb::location germany "Central Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea and the North Sea, between the Netherlands and Poland, south of Denmark" );; line 41888 (wfb::map_references germany "Europe" );; line 41893 (wfb::area germany total_area (* 356910 sq_km) );; line 41898 (wfb::area germany land_area (* 349520 sq_km) );; line 41900 (wfb::area germany comparative_area "slightly smaller than Montana" );; line 41902 (wfb::comment area germany "includes the formerly separate Federal Republic of Germany, the German Democratic Republic, and Berlin following formal unification on 3 October 1990" );; line 41904 (wfb::borders germany total (* 3621 km) );; line 41910 (wfb::borders germany austria (* 784 km) );; line 41910 (wfb::borders germany belgium (* 167 km) );; line 41910 (wfb::borders germany czech_republic (* 646 km) );; line 41910 (wfb::borders germany denmark (* 68 km) );; line 41910 (wfb::borders germany france (* 451 km) );; line 41910 (wfb::borders germany luxembourg (* 138 km) );; line 41910 (wfb::borders germany netherlands (* 577 km) );; line 41910 (wfb::borders germany poland (* 456 km) );; line 41910 (wfb::borders germany switzerland (* 334 km) );; line 41910 (wfb::coastline germany (* 2389 km) );; line 41916 (wfb::maritime_claims germany exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 41923 (wfb::maritime_claims germany territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 41925 (wfb::international_disputes germany "none" );; line 41929 (wfb::climate germany "temperate" );; line 41933 (wfb::climate germany "marine" );; line 41933 (wfb::climate germany "cool, cloudy, wet winters and summers" );; line 41933 (wfb::climate germany "occasional warm, tropical foehn wind" );; line 41933 (wfb::climate germany "high relative humidity" );; line 41933 (wfb::terrain germany "lowlands in north, uplands in center, Bavarian Alps in south" );; line 41938 (wfb::natural-resource germany iron_ore );; line 41942 (wfb::natural-resource germany coal );; line 41942 (wfb::natural-resource germany potash );; line 41942 (wfb::natural-resource germany timber );; line 41942 (wfb::natural-resource germany lignite );; line 41942 (wfb::natural-resource germany uranium );; line 41942 (wfb::natural-resource germany copper );; line 41942 (wfb::natural-resource germany natural_gas );; line 41942 (wfb::natural-resource germany salt );; line 41942 (wfb::natural-resource germany nickel );; line 41942 (wfb::land_use germany arable_land (* 34 %) );; line 41948 (wfb::land_use germany permanent_crops (* 1 %) );; line 41950 (wfb::land_use germany meadows_and_pastures (* 16 %) );; line 41952 (wfb::land_use germany forest_and_woodland (* 30 %) );; line 41954 (wfb::land_use germany other (* 19 %) );; line 41956 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land germany date_1989 );; line 41960 (wfb::irrigated_land germany (* 4800 sq_km) );; line 41960 (wfb::environment germany current_issues "emissions from coal-burning utilities and industries and lead emissions from vehicle exhausts (the result of continued use of leaded fuels) contribute to air pollution" );; line 41965 (wfb::environment germany current_issues "acid rain, resulting from sulfur dioxide emissions, is damaging forests" );; line 41965 (wfb::environment germany current_issues "heavy pollution in the Baltic Sea from raw sewage and industrial effluents from rivers in eastern Germany" );; line 41965 (wfb::environment germany natural_hazards "NA" );; line 41971 (wfb::environment germany international_agreements "party to - Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands, Whaling" );; line 41973 (wfb::environment germany international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes" );; line 41973 (wfb::note germany "strategic location on North European Plain and along the entrance to the Baltic Sea" );; line 41983 (wfb::estimation-date population germany date_jul_1995 );; line 41990 (wfb::population germany 81337541 );; line 41990 (wfb::age_structure germany 0-14_years (* 16 %) );; line 41995 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex germany 0-14_years female 6518108 );; line 41995 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex germany 0-14_years male 6857577 );; line 41995 (wfb::age_structure germany 15-64_years (* 68 %) );; line 41997 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex germany 15-64_years female 27167824 );; line 41997 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex germany 15-64_years male 28130083 );; line 41997 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure germany 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 41999 (wfb::age_structure germany 65_years_and_over (* 16 %) );; line 41999 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex germany 65_years_and_over female 8127938 );; line 41999 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex germany 65_years_and_over male 4536011 );; line 41999 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate germany date_1995 );; line 42003 (wfb::population_growth_rate germany (* 0.26 %) );; line 42003 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate germany date_1995 );; line 42007 (wfb::birth_rate germany (* 10.98 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 42007 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate germany date_1995 );; line 42011 (wfb::death_rate germany (* 10.83 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 42011 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate germany date_1995 );; line 42015 (wfb::net_migration_rate germany (* 2.46 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 42015 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate germany date_1995 );; line 42019 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate germany (* 6.3 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 42019 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth germany total_population (* 76.62 years) );; line 42024 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth germany male (* 73.5 years) );; line 42026 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth germany female date_1995 );; line 42028 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth germany female (* 79.92 years) );; line 42028 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate germany date_1995 );; line 42032 (wfb::total_fertility_rate germany (* 1.5 children_born/woman) );; line 42032 (wfb::nationality germany noun "German(s)" );; line 42037 (wfb::nationality germany adjective "German" );; line 42039 (wfb::comment ethnic_divisions germany "made up largely of people fleeing the war in the former Yugoslavia" );; line 42043 (wfb::ethnic-entity germany german-ethnic-entity (* 95.1 %) );; line 42043 (wfb::ethnic-entity germany turkish-ethnic-entity (* 2.3 %) );; line 42043 (wfb::ethnic-entity germany italians (* 0.7 %) );; line 42043 (wfb::ethnic-entity germany greeks (* 0.4 %) );; line 42043 (wfb::ethnic-entity germany poles (* 0.4 %) );; line 42043 (wfb::religion germany protestant (* 45 %) );; line 42049 (wfb::religion germany roman_catholic (* 37 %) );; line 42049 (wfb::religion germany unaffiliated_or_other (* 18 %) );; line 42049 (wfb::language germany german n/a );; line 42053 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition germany date_1991 );; line 42057 (wfb::literacy-condition germany "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 42057 (wfb::literacy germany total_population (* 99 %) );; line 42059 (wfb::total_labor_force germany 36.75e6 );; line 42063 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force germany by_occupation date_1987 );; line 42065 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1987 );; line 42065 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation germany industry (* 41 %) );; line 42065 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation germany agriculture (* 6 %) );; line 42065 (wfb::names germany conventional_long_form "Federal Republic of Germany" );; line 42071 (wfb::names germany conventional_short_form "Germany" );; line 42073 (wfb::names germany local_long_form "Bundesrepublik Deutschland" );; line 42075 (wfb::names germany local_short_form "Deutschland" );; line 42077 (wfb::digraph germany "GM" );; line 42081 (wfb::type germany "federal republic" );; line 42085 (wfb::capital germany berlin-germany );; line 42089 (wfb::comment capital germany "the shift from Bonn to Berlin will take place over a period of years with Bonn retaining many administrative functions and several ministries" );; line 42091 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_germany_states "states" "laender" "land" );; line 42097 (wfb::administrative_divisions germany adm_div_germany_states 16 );; line 42097 (wfb::administrative_division_of germany adm_div_germany_states "Baden-Wuerttemberg" );; line 42097 (wfb::administrative_division_of germany adm_div_germany_states "Bayern" );; line 42097 (wfb::administrative_division_of germany adm_div_germany_states "Berlin" );; line 42097 (wfb::administrative_division_of germany adm_div_germany_states "Brandenburg" );; line 42097 (wfb::administrative_division_of germany adm_div_germany_states "Bremen" );; line 42097 (wfb::administrative_division_of germany adm_div_germany_states "Hamburg" );; line 42097 (wfb::administrative_division_of germany adm_div_germany_states "Hessen" );; line 42097 (wfb::administrative_division_of germany adm_div_germany_states "Mecklenburg-Vorpommern" );; line 42097 (wfb::administrative_division_of germany adm_div_germany_states "Niedersachsen" );; line 42097 (wfb::administrative_division_of germany adm_div_germany_states "Nordrhein-Westfalen" );; line 42097 (wfb::administrative_division_of germany adm_div_germany_states "Rheinland-Pfalz" );; line 42097 (wfb::administrative_division_of germany adm_div_germany_states "Saarland" );; line 42097 (wfb::administrative_division_of germany adm_div_germany_states "Sachsen" );; line 42097 (wfb::administrative_division_of germany adm_div_germany_states "Sachsen-Anhalt" );; line 42097 (wfb::administrative_division_of germany adm_div_germany_states "Schleswig-Holstein" );; line 42097 (wfb::administrative_division_of germany adm_div_germany_states "Thueringen" );; line 42097 (wfb::independence germany date_18_jan_1871 "n/a" );; line 42104 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1990 );; line 42115 (wfb::comment national_holiday germany "1990" );; line 42115 (wfb::constitution germany "23 May 1949, known as Basic Law; became constitution of the united German people 3 October 1990" );; line 42119 (wfb::legal_system germany "civil law system with indigenous concepts; judicial review of legislative acts in the Federal Constitutional Court; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 42124 (wfb::comment suffrage germany " universal" );; line 42130 (wfb::suffrage germany (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 42130 (wfb::executive_branch germany chief_of_state "President Roman HERZOG " date_1_jul_1994 );; line 42135 (wfb::executive_branch germany head_of_government "Chancellor Dr. Helmut KOHL " date_4_oct_1982 );; line 42137 (wfb::comment executive_branch germany cabinet "appointed by the president upon the proposal of the chancellor" );; line 42139 (wfb::executive_branch germany cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 42139 (wfb::legislative_branch germany "Federal Assembly (Bundestag)" "last held 16 October 1994 (next to be held by NA 1998); results - CDU 34.2%, SPD 36.4%, Alliance 90/Greens 7.3%, CSU 7.3%, FDP 6.9%, PDS 4.4%, Republicans 1.9% ; seats - (662 total, but number can vary) CDU 244, SPD 252, Alliance 90/Greens 49, CSU 50, FDP 47, PDS 30; elected by direct popular vote under a system combining direct and proportional representation; a party must win 5% of the national vote or 3 direct mandates to gain representation" );; line 42147 (wfb::legislative_branch germany "Federal Council (Bundesrat)" "State governments are directly represented by votes; each has 3 to 6 votes depending on size and are required to vote as a block; current composition: votes - (68 total) SPD-led states 37, CDU-led states 31" );; line 42155 (wfb::judicial_branch germany "Federal Constitutional Court (Bundesverfassungsgericht)" );; line 42161 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders germany "Christian Democratic Union (CDU), Helmut KOHL, chairman; Christian Social Union (CSU), Theo WAIGEL, chairman; Free Democratic Party (FDP), Klaus KINKEL, chairman; Social Democratic Party (SPD), Rudolf SCHARPING, chairman; Alliance '90/Greens, Krista SAGER, Juergen TRITTIN, cochairpersons; Party of Democratic Socialism (PDS), Lothar BISKY, chairman; Republikaner, Rolf SCHLIERER, chairman; National Democratic Party (NPD), Guenter DECKERT; Communist Party (DKP), Rolf PRIEMER" );; line 42165 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups germany "expellee, refugee, and veterans groups" );; line 42175 (wfb::member_of germany afdb );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany ag );; line 42179 (wfb::comment member_of germany ag "observer" );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany asdb );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany australia_group );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany bdeac );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany bis );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany cbss );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany ccc );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany cdb );; line 42179 (wfb::comment member_of germany cdb "non-regional" );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany ce );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany cern );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany ebrd );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany ec-international-organization );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany ece );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany eib );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany esa );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany fao );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany g-_5 );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany g-_7 );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany g-10 );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany gatt );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany iadb );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany iaea );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany ibrd );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany icao );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany icc );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany icftu );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany icrm );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany ida );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany iea );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany ifad );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany ifc );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany ifrcs );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany ilo );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany imf );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany imo );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany inmarsat );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany intelsat );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany interpol );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany ioc );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany iom );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany iso );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany itu );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany minurso );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany mtcr );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany nacc );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany nam );; line 42179 (wfb::comment member_of germany nam "guest" );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany nato );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany nea );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany nsg );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany oas );; line 42179 (wfb::comment member_of germany oas "observer" );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany oecd );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany osce );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany pca );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany un );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany unctad );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany unesco );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany unhcr );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany unido );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany unitar );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany unomig );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany upu );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany weu );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany who );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany wipo );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany wmo );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany wto );; line 42179 (wfb::member_of germany zc );; line 42179 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us germany chief_of_mission "Ambassador Juergen CHROBOG" );; line 42190 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us germany chancery "4645 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, DC 20007" );; line 42192 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us germany telephone "[1] (202) 298-4000" );; line 42194 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us germany fax "[1] (202) 298-4249" );; line 42196 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us germany |consulate(s) general| "Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Detroit, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New York, San Francisco, Seattle" );; line 42198 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us germany |consulate(s)| "Manila (Trust Territories of the Pacific Islands) and Wellington (America Samoa)" );; line 42201 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation germany chief_of_mission "Ambassador Charles E. REDMAN" );; line 42207 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation germany embassy "Deichmanns Aue 29, 53170 Bonn" );; line 42209 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation germany mailing_address "Unit 21701, Bonn; APO AE 09080" );; line 42211 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation germany telephone "[49] (228) 3391" );; line 42213 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation germany fax "[49] (228) 339-2663" );; line 42215 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation germany branch_office "Berlin" );; line 42217 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation germany |consulate(s) general| "Frankfurt, Hamburg, Leipzig, Munich, and Stuttgart" );; line 42219 (wfb::flag germany "three equal horizontal bands of black (top), red, and yellow" );; line 42223 (wfb::overview germany "Five years after the fall of the Berlin Wall, progress towards economic integration between eastern and western Germany is clearly visible, yet the eastern region almost certainly will remain dependent on subsidies funded by western Germany until well into the next century. The staggering $390 billion in western German assistance that the eastern states have received since 1990 - 40 times the amount in real terms of US Marshall Fund aid sent to West Germany after World War II - is just beginning to have an impact on the eastern German standard of living, which plummeted after unification. Assistance to the east continues to run at roughly $100 billion annually. Although the growth rate in the east was much greater than in the west in 1993-94, eastern GDP per capita nonetheless remains well below preunification levels; it will take 10-15 years for the eastern states to match western Germany's living standards. The economic recovery in the east is led by the construction industries which account for one-third of industrial output, with growth increasingly supported by the service sectors and light manufacturing industries. Eastern Germany's economy is changing from one anchored on manufacturing to a more service-oriented economy. Western Germany, with three times the per capita output of the eastern states, has an advanced market economy and is a world leader in exports. The strong recovery in 1994 from recession began in the export sector and spread to the investment and consumption sectors in response to falling interest rates. Western Germany has a highly urbanized and skilled population that enjoys excellent living standards, abundant leisure time, and comprehensive social welfare benefits. It is relatively poor in natural resources, coal being the most important mineral. Western Germany's world-class companies manufacture technologically advanced goods. The region's economy is mature: services and manufacturing account for the dominant share of economic activities, and raw materials and semimanufactured goods constitute a large portion of imports." );; line 42228 (wfb::estimation-date national_product germany date_1994 );; line 42260 (wfb::national_product germany (* 1.3446e12 $) );; line 42260 (wfb::estimation-date national_product germany_western date_1994 );; line 42262 (wfb::national_product germany_western (* 1.2363e12 $) );; line 42262 (wfb::estimation-date national_product germany_eastern date_1994 );; line 42264 (wfb::national_product germany_eastern (* 108.3e9 $) );; line 42264 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate germany date_1994 );; line 42269 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate germany (* 2.9 %) );; line 42269 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate germany_western date_1994 );; line 42271 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate germany_western (* 2.3 %) );; line 42271 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate germany_eastern date_1994 );; line 42273 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate germany_eastern (* 9.2 %) );; line 42273 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita germany date_1994 );; line 42278 (wfb::national_product_per_capita germany (* 16580 $) );; line 42278 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita germany_western date_1994 );; line 42280 (wfb::national_product_per_capita germany_western (* 19660 $) );; line 42280 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita germany_eastern date_1994 );; line 42282 (wfb::national_product_per_capita germany_eastern (* 5950 $) );; line 42282 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| germany_western "3% (1994)" );; line 42287 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| germany_eastern "3.2% (1994 est.)" );; line 42289 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate germany_western date_dec_1994 );; line 42294 (wfb::unemployment_rate germany_western (* 8.2 %) );; line 42294 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate germany_eastern date_dec_1994 );; line 42296 (wfb::unemployment_rate germany_eastern (* 13.5 %) );; line 42296 (wfb::budget germany revenues (* 690e9 $) );; line 42301 (wfb::measurement-date budget germany date_1994 );; line 42303 (wfb::budget germany expenditures (* 780e9 $) );; line 42303 (wfb::budget germany capital_expenditures (* 96.5e9 $) );; line 42303 (wfb::exports germany (* 437e9 $) );; line 42308 (wfb::measurement-date exports germany date_1993 );; line 42310 (wfb::comment exports germany "including machines and machine tools, chemicals, motor vehicles, iron and steel products" );; line 42310 (wfb::exports germany commodities manufactures (* 89.3 %) );; line 42310 (wfb::exports germany commodities agricultural_products (* 5.5 %) );; line 42310 (wfb::exports germany commodities raw_materials (* 2.7 %) );; line 42310 (wfb::exports germany commodities fuels (* 1.3 %) );; line 42310 (wfb::measurement-date exports germany date_1993 );; line 42314 (wfb::comment exports germany "France 11.7%, Netherlands 7.4%, Italy 7.5%, UK 7.7%, Belgium-Luxembourg 6.6%" );; line 42314 (wfb::exports germany partners ec (* 47.9 %) );; line 42314 (wfb::exports germany partners efta-georef (* 15.5 %) );; line 42314 (wfb::exports germany partners us (* 7.7 %) );; line 42314 (wfb::exports germany partners eastern_europe (* 5.2 %) );; line 42314 (wfb::exports germany partners opec-region (* 3.0 %) );; line 42314 (wfb::imports germany (* 362e9 $) );; line 42319 (wfb::measurement-date imports germany date_1993 );; line 42321 (wfb::imports germany commodities manufactures (* 75.1 %) );; line 42321 (wfb::imports germany commodities agricultural_products (* 10.0 %) );; line 42321 (wfb::imports germany commodities fuels (* 8.3 %) );; line 42321 (wfb::imports germany commodities raw_materials (* 5.0 %) );; line 42321 (wfb::measurement-date imports germany date_1993 );; line 42324 (wfb::comment imports germany "France 11.3%, Netherlands 8.4%, Italy 8.1%, UK 6.0%, Belgium-Luxembourg 5.7%" );; line 42324 (wfb::imports germany partners ec (* 46.4 %) );; line 42324 (wfb::imports germany partners efta-georef (* 14.3 %) );; line 42324 (wfb::imports germany partners us (* 7.3 %) );; line 42324 (wfb::imports germany partners japan (* 6.3 %) );; line 42324 (wfb::imports germany partners eastern_europe (* 5.1 %) );; line 42324 (wfb::imports germany partners opec-georef (* 2.6 %) );; line 42324 (wfb::external_debt germany (* n/a $) );; line 42330 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 42335 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production germany_western date_1994 );; line 42335 (wfb::industrial_production germany_western growth_rate (* 2.8 %) );; line 42335 (wfb::electricity germany capacity (* 115430000 kw) );; line 42342 (wfb::electricity germany production (* 493e9 kwh) );; line 42344 (wfb::measurement-date electricity germany consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 42346 (wfb::electricity germany consumption_per_capita (* 5683 kwh) );; line 42346 (wfb::industry germany_western |among world's largest and technologically advanced producers of iron| );; line 42351 (wfb::industry germany_western steel );; line 42351 (wfb::industry germany_western coal-industry );; line 42351 (wfb::industry germany_western cement );; line 42351 (wfb::industry germany_western chemicals );; line 42351 (wfb::industry germany_western machinery-industry );; line 42351 (wfb::industry germany_western vehicles-industry );; line 42351 (wfb::industry germany_western machine_tools );; line 42351 (wfb::industry germany_western electronics-industry );; line 42351 (wfb::industry germany_western food-industry );; line 42351 (wfb::industry germany_western beverages-industry );; line 42351 (wfb::industry germany_eastern metal_fabrication );; line 42355 (wfb::industry germany_eastern chemicals );; line 42355 (wfb::industry germany_eastern brown_coal );; line 42355 (wfb::industry germany_eastern shipbuilding );; line 42355 (wfb::industry germany_eastern machine_building );; line 42355 (wfb::industry germany_eastern food-industry );; line 42355 (wfb::industry germany_eastern beverages-industry );; line 42355 (wfb::industry germany_eastern textiles );; line 42355 (wfb::industry germany_eastern petroleum_refining );; line 42355 (wfb::agriculture germany_western "accounts for about 1% of GDP (including fishing and forestry); diversified crop and livestock farming; principal crops and livestock include potatoes, wheat, barley, sugar beets, fruit, cabbage, cattle, pigs, poultry; net importer of food" );; line 42361 (wfb::agriculture germany_eastern "accounts for about 10% of GDP (including fishing and forestry); principal crops - wheat, rye, barley, potatoes, sugar beets, fruit; livestock products include pork, beef, chicken, milk, hides and skins; net importer of food" );; line 42366 (wfb::illicit_drugs germany "source of precursor chemicals for South American cocaine processors; transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin and Latin American cocaine for West European markets" );; line 42373 (wfb::economic_aid germany western-donor "ODA and OOF commitments (1970-89), $75.5 billion" );; line 42380 (wfb::economic_aid germany eastern-donor "bilateral to non-Communist less developed countries (1956-89) $4 billion" );; line 42382 (wfb::abbreviation deutsche_mark "DM" );; line 42387 (wfb::currency germany deutsche_mark 100 pfennige );; line 42387 (wfb::exchange_rates germany "deutsche marks (DM) per US$1 - 1.5313 (January 1995), 1.6228 (1994), 1.6533 (1993), 1.5617 (1992), 1.6595 (1991), 1.6157 (1990)" );; line 42391 (wfb::fiscal_year germany date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 42396 (wfb::railroads germany total "43,457 km" );; line 42402 (wfb::railroads germany standard_gauge "43,190 km (electrified 16,694 km)" );; line 42404 (wfb::railroads germany narrow_gauge "267 km (1994)" );; line 42406 (wfb::highways germany total (* 636282 km) );; line 42411 (wfb::comment highways germany paved "10,955 km of autobahn" );; line 42413 (wfb::measurement-date highways germany date_1991 );; line 42415 (wfb::inland_waterways germany_western "5,222 km, of which almost 70% are usable by craft of 1,000-metric-ton capacity or larger; major rivers include the Rhine and Elbe; Kiel Canal is an important connection between the Baltic Sea and North Sea" );; line 42420 (wfb::inland_waterways germany_eastern "2,319 km (1988)" );; line 42424 (wfb::measurement-date pipelines date_1988 );; line 42428 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 3644 km) );; line 42428 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 3946 km) );; line 42428 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 97564 km) );; line 42428 (wfb::port germany berlin-germany );; line 42433 (wfb::port germany bonn-germany );; line 42433 (wfb::port germany brake-germany );; line 42433 (wfb::port germany bremen-germany );; line 42433 (wfb::port germany bremerhaven-germany );; line 42433 (wfb::port germany cologne-germany );; line 42433 (wfb::port germany dresden-germany );; line 42433 (wfb::port germany duisburg-germany );; line 42433 (wfb::port germany emden-germany );; line 42433 (wfb::port germany hamburg-germany );; line 42433 (wfb::port germany karlsruhe-germany );; line 42433 (wfb::port germany kiel-germany );; line 42433 (wfb::port germany lubeck-germany );; line 42433 (wfb::port germany magdeburg-germany );; line 42433 (wfb::port germany mannheim-germany );; line 42433 (wfb::port germany rostock-germany );; line 42433 (wfb::port germany stuttgart-germany );; line 42433 (wfb::merchant_marine germany total "481 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 5,065,074 GRT/6,409,198 DWT" );; line 42440 (wfb::merchant_marine germany ships_by_type "barge carrier 6, bulk 8, cargo 224, chemical tanker 16, combination bulk 4, combination ore/oil 5, container 158, liquefied gas tanker 13, oil tanker 10, passenger 3, railcar carrier 4, refrigerated cargo 7, roll-on/roll-off cargo 18, short-sea passenger 5" );; line 42443 (wfb::comment merchant_marine germany "the German register includes ships of the former East and West Germany" );; line 42448 (wfb::airports germany total 660 );; line 42454 (wfb::airports germany |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 13 );; line 42456 (wfb::airports germany |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 64 );; line 42458 (wfb::airports germany |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 68 );; line 42460 (wfb::airports germany |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 53 );; line 42462 (wfb::airports germany with_paved_runways_under_914_m 381 );; line 42464 (wfb::airports germany |with unpaved runways over 3,047 m| 2 );; line 42466 (wfb::airports germany |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 8 );; line 42468 (wfb::airports germany |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 9 );; line 42470 (wfb::airports germany |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 62 );; line 42472 (wfb::telephone_system germany_western "40,300,000 telephones; highly developed, modern telecommunication service to all parts of the country; fully adequate in all respects; intensively developed, highly redundant cable and microwave radio relay networks, all completely automatic" );; line 42478 (wfb::telephone_system germany local "very modern" );; line 42483 (wfb::telephone_system germany intercity "domestic satellite, microwave radio relay, and cable systems" );; line 42485 (wfb::telephone_system germany international "12 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean), 2 INTELSAT (Indian Ocean), and 1 EUTELSAT earth station; 2 HF radiocommunication centers; tropospheric scatter links" );; line 42487 (wfb::telephone_system germany_eastern "3,970,000 telephones; badly needs modernization" );; line 42491 (wfb::telephone_system germany local "NA" );; line 42493 (wfb::telephone_system germany intercity "NA" );; line 42495 (wfb::telephone_system germany international "1 INTELSAT earth station and 1 Intersputnik system" );; line 42497 (wfb::radio germany broadcast_stations am 80 );; line 42504 (wfb::radio germany broadcast_stations fm 470 );; line 42504 (wfb::radio germany broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 42504 (wfb::radio germany radios n/a );; line 42506 (wfb::radio germany broadcast_stations am 23 );; line 42510 (wfb::radio germany broadcast_stations fm 17 );; line 42510 (wfb::radio germany broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 42510 (wfb::radio germany radios 67e6 );; line 42512 (wfb::defense_branch germany army_germany );; line 42526 (wfb::comment defense_branch germany navy_germany "includes Naval Air Arm" );; line 42526 (wfb::defense_branch germany navy_germany );; line 42526 (wfb::defense_branch germany air_force_germany );; line 42526 (wfb::defense_branch germany border_police_germany );; line 42526 (wfb::defense_branch germany coast_guard_germany );; line 42526 (wfb::manpower_availability germany "males 15-49 20,274,127; males fit for military service 17,472,940; males reach military age (18) annually 428,082 (1995 est.)" );; line 42531 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures germany date_1995 );; line 42536 (wfb::defense_expenditures germany (* 40e9 $) );; line 42536 (wfb::defense_expenditures germany (* 1.8 %_of_gnp) );; line 42536 (wfb::markup-parameter figure ghana "graphno=\"gh.tif\"" );; line 42542 (wfb::location ghana "Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Cote d'Ivoire and Togo" );; line 42546 (wfb::map_references ghana "Africa" );; line 42551 (wfb::area ghana total_area (* 238540 sq_km) );; line 42556 (wfb::area ghana land_area (* 230020 sq_km) );; line 42558 (wfb::area ghana comparative_area "slightly smaller than Oregon" );; line 42560 (wfb::borders ghana total (* 2093 km) );; line 42564 (wfb::borders ghana burkina (* 548 km) );; line 42564 (wfb::borders ghana |Cote d'Ivoire| (* 668 km) );; line 42564 (wfb::borders ghana togo (* 877 km) );; line 42564 (wfb::coastline ghana (* 539 km) );; line 42569 (wfb::maritime_claims ghana contiguous_zone (* 24 nm) );; line 42574 (wfb::maritime_claims ghana continental_shelf (* 200 nm) );; line 42576 (wfb::maritime_claims ghana exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 42578 (wfb::maritime_claims ghana territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 42580 (wfb::international_disputes ghana "none" );; line 42584 (wfb::climate ghana "tropical" );; line 42588 (wfb::climate ghana "warm and comparatively dry along southeast coast" );; line 42588 (wfb::climate ghana "hot and humid in southwest" );; line 42588 (wfb::climate ghana "hot and dry in north" );; line 42588 (wfb::terrain ghana "mostly low plains with dissected plateau in south-central area" );; line 42593 (wfb::natural-resource ghana gold );; line 42597 (wfb::natural-resource ghana timber );; line 42597 (wfb::natural-resource ghana industrial_diamonds );; line 42597 (wfb::natural-resource ghana bauxite );; line 42597 (wfb::natural-resource ghana manganese );; line 42597 (wfb::natural-resource ghana fish );; line 42597 (wfb::natural-resource ghana rubber-natural-resource );; line 42597 (wfb::land_use ghana arable_land (* 5 %) );; line 42603 (wfb::land_use ghana permanent_crops (* 7 %) );; line 42605 (wfb::land_use ghana meadows_and_pastures (* 15 %) );; line 42607 (wfb::land_use ghana forest_and_woodland (* 37 %) );; line 42609 (wfb::land_use ghana other (* 36 %) );; line 42611 (wfb::measurement-date irrigated_land ghana date_1989 );; line 42615 (wfb::irrigated_land ghana (* 80 sq_km) );; line 42615 (wfb::environment ghana current_issues "recent drought in north severely affecting agricultural activities" );; line 42620 (wfb::environment ghana current_issues "deforestation" );; line 42620 (wfb::environment ghana current_issues "overgrazing" );; line 42620 (wfb::environment ghana current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 42620 (wfb::environment ghana current_issues "poaching and habitat destruction threatens wildlife populations" );; line 42620 (wfb::environment ghana current_issues "water pollution" );; line 42620 (wfb::environment ghana current_issues "inadequate supplies of potable water" );; line 42620 (wfb::environment ghana natural_hazards "dry, dusty, harmattan winds occur from January to March" );; line 42625 (wfb::environment ghana natural_hazards "droughts" );; line 42625 (wfb::environment ghana international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands" );; line 42627 (wfb::environment ghana international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Climate Change, Desertification, Marine Life Conservation" );; line 42627 (wfb::note ghana "Lake Volta is the world's largest artificial lake; northeasterly harmattan wind (January to March)" );; line 42634 (wfb::estimation-date population ghana date_jul_1995 );; line 42641 (wfb::population ghana 17763138 );; line 42641 (wfb::age_structure ghana 0-14_years (* 46 %) );; line 42646 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex ghana 0-14_years female 4030154 );; line 42646 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex ghana 0-14_years male 4069945 );; line 42646 (wfb::age_structure ghana 15-64_years (* 51 %) );; line 42648 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex ghana 15-64_years female 4638451 );; line 42648 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex ghana 15-64_years male 4494533 );; line 42648 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure ghana 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 42650 (wfb::age_structure ghana 65_years_and_over (* 3 %) );; line 42650 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex ghana 65_years_and_over female 276186 );; line 42650 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex ghana 65_years_and_over male 253869 );; line 42650 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate ghana date_1995 );; line 42654 (wfb::population_growth_rate ghana (* 3.06 %) );; line 42654 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate ghana date_1995 );; line 42658 (wfb::birth_rate ghana (* 43.57 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 42658 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate ghana date_1995 );; line 42662 (wfb::death_rate ghana (* 12.02 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 42662 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate ghana date_1995 );; line 42666 (wfb::net_migration_rate ghana (* -0.94 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 42666 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate ghana date_1995 );; line 42670 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate ghana (* 81.7 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 42670 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth ghana total_population (* 55.85 years) );; line 42675 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth ghana male (* 53.88 years) );; line 42677 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth ghana female date_1995 );; line 42679 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth ghana female (* 57.88 years) );; line 42679 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate ghana date_1995 );; line 42683 (wfb::total_fertility_rate ghana (* 6.09 children_born/woman) );; line 42683 (wfb::nationality ghana noun "Ghanaian(s)" );; line 42688 (wfb::nationality ghana adjective "Ghanaian" );; line 42690 (wfb::comment ethnic-entity "major tribes - Akan 44%, Moshi-Dagomba 16%, Ewe 13%, Ga 8%" );; line 42694 (wfb::ethnic-entity ghana black_african (* 99.8 %) );; line 42694 (wfb::ethnic-entity ghana european_and_other (* 0.2 %) );; line 42694 (wfb::religion ghana indigenous_beliefs (* 38 %) );; line 42699 (wfb::religion ghana muslim (* 30 %) );; line 42699 (wfb::religion ghana christian (* 24 %) );; line 42699 (wfb::language ghana english n/a );; line 42703 (wfb::comment language ghana english "official" );; line 42703 (wfb::language ghana african_languages n/a );; line 42703 (wfb::comment language ghana african_languages "including Akan, Moshi-Dagomba, Ewe, and Ga" );; line 42703 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition ghana date_1990 );; line 42708 (wfb::literacy-condition ghana "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 42708 (wfb::literacy ghana total_population (* 60 %) );; line 42710 (wfb::literacy ghana male (* 70 %) );; line 42712 (wfb::literacy ghana female (* 51 %) );; line 42714 (wfb::total_labor_force ghana 3.7e6 );; line 42718 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation ghana agriculture_and_fishing (* 54.7 %) );; line 42720 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation ghana industry (* 18.7 %) );; line 42720 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation ghana sales_and_clerical (* 15.2 %) );; line 42720 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation ghana services n/a );; line 42720 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation ghana transportation n/a );; line 42720 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation ghana communications (* 7.7 %) );; line 42720 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation ghana professional (* 3.7 %) );; line 42720 (wfb::names ghana conventional_long_form "Republic of Ghana" );; line 42727 (wfb::names ghana conventional_short_form "Ghana" );; line 42729 (wfb::names ghana former "Gold Coast" );; line 42731 (wfb::digraph ghana "GH" );; line 42735 (wfb::type ghana "constitutional democracy" );; line 42739 (wfb::capital ghana accra-ghana );; line 42743 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_ghana_regions "regions" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 42747 (wfb::administrative_divisions ghana adm_div_ghana_regions 10 );; line 42747 (wfb::administrative_division_of ghana adm_div_ghana_regions "Ashanti" );; line 42747 (wfb::administrative_division_of ghana adm_div_ghana_regions "Brong-Ahafo" );; line 42747 (wfb::administrative_division_of ghana adm_div_ghana_regions "Central" );; line 42747 (wfb::administrative_division_of ghana adm_div_ghana_regions "Eastern" );; line 42747 (wfb::administrative_division_of ghana adm_div_ghana_regions "Greater Accra" );; line 42747 (wfb::administrative_division_of ghana adm_div_ghana_regions "Northern" );; line 42747 (wfb::administrative_division_of ghana adm_div_ghana_regions "Upper East" );; line 42747 (wfb::administrative_division_of ghana adm_div_ghana_regions "Upper West" );; line 42747 (wfb::administrative_division_of ghana adm_div_ghana_regions "Volta" );; line 42747 (wfb::administrative_division_of ghana adm_div_ghana_regions "Western" );; line 42747 (wfb::independence ghana date_6_mar_1957 "UK" );; line 42752 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1957 );; line 42756 (wfb::comment national_holiday ghana "1957" );; line 42756 (wfb::national_holiday ghana "Independence Day" date_6_mar );; line 42756 (wfb::constitution ghana "new constitution approved 28 April 1992" );; line 42760 (wfb::legal_system ghana "based on English common law and customary law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 42764 (wfb::comment suffrage ghana " universal" );; line 42769 (wfb::suffrage ghana (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 42769 (wfb::comment executive_branch ghana chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "results - opposition boycotted the election, the National Democratic Congress won 198 of the total 200 seats and 2 seats were won by independents" );; line 42774 (wfb::comment executive_branch ghana cabinet "president nominates members subject to approval by the Parliament" );; line 42779 (wfb::executive_branch ghana cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 42779 (wfb::legislative_structure ghana unicameral n/a );; line 42784 (wfb::legislative_branch ghana "National Assembly" "elections last held 29 December 1992 (next to be held December 1996); results - opposition boycotted the election; the National Democratic Congress won 198 0f 200 total seats and independents won 2" );; line 42786 (wfb::judicial_branch ghana "Supreme Court" );; line 42792 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders ghana "National Democratic Congress, Jerry John RAWLINGS; New Patriotic Party, Albert Adu BOAHEN; People's Heritage Party, Alex ERSKINE; various other smaller parties" );; line 42796 (wfb::member_of ghana acp );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana afdb );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana c );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana ccc );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana eca );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana ecowas );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana fao );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana g-24 );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana g-77 );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana gatt );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana iaea );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana ibrd );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana icao );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana icftu );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana icrm );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana ida );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana ifad );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana ifc );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana ifrcs );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana ilo );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana imf );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana imo );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana intelsat );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana interpol );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana ioc );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana iom );; line 42802 (wfb::comment member_of ghana iom "observer" );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana itu );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana minurso );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana nam );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana oau );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana un );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana unamir );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana unctad );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana unesco );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana unido );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana unifil );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana unikom );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana unprofor );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana unu );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana upu );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana wcl );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana wftu );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana who );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana wipo );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana wmo );; line 42802 (wfb::member_of ghana wto );; line 42802 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us ghana chief_of_mission "Ambassador Ekwow SPIO-GARBRAH" );; line 42810 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us ghana chancery "3512 International Drive NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 42812 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us ghana telephone "[1] (202) 686-4520" );; line 42814 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us ghana fax "[1] (202) 686-4527" );; line 42816 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us ghana |consulate(s) general| "New York" );; line 42818 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation ghana chief_of_mission "Ambassador Kenneth L. BROWN (scheduled to leave in June 1995)" );; line 42823 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation ghana embassy "Ring Road East, East of Danquah Circle, Accra" );; line 42825 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation ghana mailing_address "P. O. Box 194, Accra" );; line 42827 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation ghana telephone "[233] (21) 775348, 775349, 775297, 775298" );; line 42829 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation ghana fax "[233] (21) 776008" );; line 42831 (wfb::flag ghana "three equal horizontal bands of red (top), yellow, and green with a large black five-pointed star centered in the gold band; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia; similar to the flag of Bolivia, which has a coat of arms centered in the yellow band" );; line 42835 (wfb::overview ghana "Well endowed with natural resources, Ghana is relatively well off, having twice the per capita output of the poorer countries in West Africa. Heavily reliant on international assistance, Ghana has made steady progress in liberalizing its economy since 1983. Overall growth continued at a rate of approximately 5% in 1994, due largely to increased gold, timber, and cocoa production - major sources of foreign exchange. The economy, however, continues to revolve around subsistence agriculture, which accounts for 45% of GDP and employs 55% of the work force, mainly small landholders. Public sector wage increases, regional peacekeeping commitments, and the containment of internal unrest in the underdeveloped north have placed substantial demands on the government's budget and have led to inflationary deficit financing and a 27% depreciation of the cedi in 1994." );; line 42843 (wfb::estimation-date national_product ghana date_1994 );; line 42858 (wfb::national_product ghana (* 22.6e9 $) );; line 42858 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate ghana date_1994 );; line 42862 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate ghana (* 5 %) );; line 42862 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita ghana date_1994 );; line 42866 (wfb::national_product_per_capita ghana (* 1310 $) );; line 42866 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| ghana "25% (1993 est.)" );; line 42870 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate ghana date_1991 );; line 42874 (wfb::unemployment_rate ghana (* 10 %) );; line 42874 (wfb::budget ghana revenues (* 1.05e9 $) );; line 42879 (wfb::measurement-date budget ghana date_1993 );; line 42881 (wfb::budget ghana expenditures (* 1.2e9 $) );; line 42881 (wfb::budget ghana capital_expenditures (* 178e6 $) );; line 42881 (wfb::exports ghana (* 1e9 $) );; line 42886 (wfb::exports ghana commodities cocoa (* 40 %) );; line 42888 (wfb::exports ghana commodities gold-commodity n/a );; line 42888 (wfb::exports ghana commodities timber-commodity n/a );; line 42888 (wfb::exports ghana commodities tuna n/a );; line 42888 (wfb::exports ghana commodities bauxite-commodity n/a );; line 42888 (wfb::exports ghana commodities aluminum n/a );; line 42888 (wfb::measurement-date exports ghana date_1991 );; line 42890 (wfb::exports ghana partners germany (* 31 %) );; line 42890 (wfb::exports ghana partners us (* 12 %) );; line 42890 (wfb::exports ghana partners uk (* 11 %) );; line 42890 (wfb::exports ghana partners netherlands (* 6 %) );; line 42890 (wfb::exports ghana partners japan (* 5 %) );; line 42890 (wfb::imports ghana (* 1.7e9 $) );; line 42894 (wfb::imports ghana commodities petroleum-commodity (* 16 %) );; line 42896 (wfb::imports ghana commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 42896 (wfb::imports ghana commodities foods-commodity n/a );; line 42896 (wfb::imports ghana commodities intermediate_goods n/a );; line 42896 (wfb::imports ghana commodities capital_equipment n/a );; line 42896 (wfb::imports ghana partners uk (* 22 %) );; line 42899 (wfb::imports ghana partners us (* 11 %) );; line 42899 (wfb::imports ghana partners germany (* 9 %) );; line 42899 (wfb::imports ghana partners japan (* 6 %) );; line 42899 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt ghana date_dec_1993 );; line 42903 (wfb::external_debt ghana (* 4.6e9 $) );; line 42903 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 42907 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production ghana date_1993 );; line 42907 (wfb::electricity ghana capacity (* 1180000 kw) );; line 42913 (wfb::electricity ghana production (* 6.1e9 kwh) );; line 42915 (wfb::measurement-date electricity ghana consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 42917 (wfb::electricity ghana consumption_per_capita (* 323 kwh) );; line 42917 (wfb::industry ghana mining );; line 42921 (wfb::industry ghana lumbering );; line 42921 (wfb::industry ghana light_manufacturing );; line 42921 (wfb::industry ghana aluminum-industry );; line 42921 (wfb::industry ghana food_processing );; line 42921 (wfb::agriculture ghana "accounts for almost 50% of GDP (including fishing and forestry); the major cash crop is cocoa; other principal crops - rice, coffee, cassava, peanuts, corn, shea nuts, timber; normally self-sufficient in food" );; line 42925 (wfb::illicit_drugs ghana "illicit producer of cannabis for the international drug trade; transit hub for Southwest and Southeast Asian heroin destined for Europe and the US" );; line 42931 (wfb::economic_aid ghana recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $455 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $2.6 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $78 million; Communist countries (1970-89) $106 million" );; line 42938 (wfb::abbreviation new_cedi "C" );; line 42945 (wfb::currency ghana new_cedi 100 pesewas );; line 42945 (wfb::exchange_rates ghana "new cedis per US$1 - 1,046.74 (December 1994), 936.71 (1994), 649.06 (1993), 437.09 (1992), 367.83 (1991), 326.33 (1990)" );; line 42949 (wfb::fiscal_year ghana date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 42954 (wfb::railroads ghana total "953 km; note - undergoing major renovation" );; line 42960 (wfb::railroads ghana narrow_gauge "953 km 1.067-m gauge (32 km double track)" );; line 42962 (wfb::highways ghana total (* 32250 km) );; line 42967 (wfb::highways ghana (union concrete bituminous ) (* 6084 km) );; line 42969 (wfb::highways ghana (union gravel crushed_stone improved_earth ) (* 26166 km) );; line 42971 (wfb::inland_waterways ghana "Volta, Ankobra, and Tano Rivers provide 168 km of perennial navigation for launches and lighters; Lake Volta provides 1,125 km of arterial and feeder waterways" );; line 42975 (wfb::port ghana takoradi-ghana );; line 42985 (wfb::port ghana tema-ghana );; line 42985 (wfb::merchant_marine ghana total "3 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 27,427 GRT/35,894 DWT" );; line 42990 (wfb::merchant_marine ghana ships_by_type "cargo 2, refrigerated cargo 1" );; line 42992 (wfb::airports ghana total 12 );; line 42997 (wfb::airports ghana |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 3 );; line 42999 (wfb::airports ghana |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 1 );; line 43001 (wfb::airports ghana |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 2 );; line 43003 (wfb::airports ghana with_paved_runways_under_914_m 2 );; line 43005 (wfb::airports ghana |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 2 );; line 43007 (wfb::airports ghana |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 2 );; line 43009 (wfb::telephone_system ghana "42,300 telephones; poor to fair system; telephone density - 2.4/1,000 persons" );; line 43014 (wfb::telephone_system ghana local "NA" );; line 43017 (wfb::telephone_system ghana intercity "primarily microwave radio relay" );; line 43019 (wfb::telephone_system ghana international "1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth station" );; line 43021 (wfb::radio ghana broadcast_stations am 4 );; line 43026 (wfb::radio ghana broadcast_stations fm 1 );; line 43026 (wfb::radio ghana broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 43026 (wfb::radio ghana radios n/a );; line 43028 (wfb::comment television ghana broadcast_stations "translators 8" );; line 43033 (wfb::television ghana broadcast_stations 4 );; line 43033 (wfb::television ghana televisions n/a );; line 43035 (wfb::defense_branch ghana army_ghana );; line 43041 (wfb::defense_branch ghana navy_ghana );; line 43041 (wfb::defense_branch ghana air_force_ghana );; line 43041 (wfb::defense_branch ghana police_force_ghana );; line 43041 (wfb::defense_branch ghana palace_guard_ghana );; line 43041 (wfb::defense_branch ghana civil_defense_ghana );; line 43041 (wfb::manpower_availability ghana "males age 15-49 3,975,767; males fit for military service 2,217,032; males reach military age (18) annually 170,723 (1995 est.)" );; line 43045 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures ghana date_1993 );; line 43050 (wfb::defense_expenditures ghana (* 108e6 $) );; line 43050 (wfb::defense_expenditures ghana (* 1.5 %_of_gdp) );; line 43050 (wfb::markup-parameter figure gibraltar "graphno=\"gi.tif\"" );; line 43056 (wfb::header gibraltar "(dependent territory of the UK)" );; line 43056 (wfb::location gibraltar "Southwestern Europe, bordering the Strait of Gibraltar, which links the Mediterranean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, on the southern coast of Spain" );; line 43061 (wfb::map_references gibraltar "Europe" );; line 43067 (wfb::area gibraltar total_area (* 6.5 sq_km) );; line 43072 (wfb::area gibraltar land_area (* 6.5 sq_km) );; line 43074 (wfb::area gibraltar comparative_area "about 11 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC" );; line 43076 (wfb::borders gibraltar total (* 1.2 km) );; line 43080 (wfb::borders gibraltar spain (* 1.2 km) );; line 43080 (wfb::coastline gibraltar (* 12 km) );; line 43084 (wfb::maritime_claims gibraltar territorial_sea (* 3 nm) );; line 43089 (wfb::international_disputes gibraltar "source of occasional friction between Spain and the UK" );; line 43093 (wfb::climate gibraltar "Mediterranean with mild winters and warm summers" );; line 43097 (wfb::terrain gibraltar "a narrow coastal lowland borders The Rock" );; line 43101 (wfb::natural-resource gibraltar negligible );; line 43105 (wfb::land_use gibraltar arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 43110 (wfb::land_use gibraltar permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 43112 (wfb::land_use gibraltar meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 43114 (wfb::land_use gibraltar forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 43116 (wfb::land_use gibraltar other (* 100 %) );; line 43118 (wfb::irrigated_land gibraltar (* n/a sq_km) );; line 43122 (wfb::environment gibraltar current_issues "limited natural freshwater resources, so large concrete or natural rock water catchments collect rain water" );; line 43127 (wfb::environment gibraltar natural_hazards "NA" );; line 43130 (wfb::environment gibraltar international_agreements "NA" );; line 43132 (wfb::note gibraltar "strategic location on Strait of Gibraltar that links the North Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea" );; line 43136 (wfb::estimation-date population gibraltar date_jul_1995 );; line 43143 (wfb::population gibraltar 31874 );; line 43143 (wfb::age_structure gibraltar 0-14_years (* 24 %) );; line 43148 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex gibraltar 0-14_years female 3757 );; line 43148 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex gibraltar 0-14_years male 3835 );; line 43148 (wfb::age_structure gibraltar 15-64_years (* 63 %) );; line 43150 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex gibraltar 15-64_years female 9730 );; line 43150 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex gibraltar 15-64_years male 10485 );; line 43150 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure gibraltar 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 43152 (wfb::age_structure gibraltar 65_years_and_over (* 13 %) );; line 43152 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex gibraltar 65_years_and_over female 2360 );; line 43152 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex gibraltar 65_years_and_over male 1707 );; line 43152 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate gibraltar date_1995 );; line 43156 (wfb::population_growth_rate gibraltar (* 0.62 %) );; line 43156 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate gibraltar date_1995 );; line 43160 (wfb::birth_rate gibraltar (* 15 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 43160 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate gibraltar date_1995 );; line 43164 (wfb::death_rate gibraltar (* 8.85 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 43164 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate gibraltar date_1995 );; line 43168 (wfb::net_migration_rate gibraltar (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 43168 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate gibraltar date_1995 );; line 43172 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate gibraltar (* 7.9 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 43172 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth gibraltar total_population (* 76.61 years) );; line 43177 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth gibraltar male (* 73.7 years) );; line 43179 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth gibraltar female date_1995 );; line 43181 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth gibraltar female (* 79.48 years) );; line 43181 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate gibraltar date_1995 );; line 43185 (wfb::total_fertility_rate gibraltar (* 2.29 children_born/woman) );; line 43185 (wfb::nationality gibraltar noun "Gibraltarian(s)" );; line 43190 (wfb::nationality gibraltar adjective "Gibraltar" );; line 43192 (wfb::ethnic-entity gibraltar italian-ethnic-entity n/a );; line 43196 (wfb::ethnic-entity gibraltar english-ethnic-entity n/a );; line 43196 (wfb::ethnic-entity gibraltar maltese n/a );; line 43196 (wfb::ethnic-entity gibraltar portuguese-ethnic-entity n/a );; line 43196 (wfb::ethnic-entity gibraltar spanish n/a );; line 43196 (wfb::measurement-date religion date_1981 );; line 43200 (wfb::religion gibraltar roman_catholic (* 74 %) );; line 43200 (wfb::comment religion "Church of England 8%, other 3%" );; line 43200 (wfb::religion gibraltar protestant (* 11 %) );; line 43200 (wfb::religion gibraltar moslem (* 8 %) );; line 43200 (wfb::religion gibraltar jewish (* 2 %) );; line 43200 (wfb::language gibraltar english n/a );; line 43205 (wfb::comment language gibraltar english "used in schools and for official purposes" );; line 43205 (wfb::language gibraltar spanish-language-group n/a );; line 43205 (wfb::language gibraltar italian n/a );; line 43205 (wfb::language gibraltar portuguese n/a );; line 43205 (wfb::language gibraltar russian-language-group n/a );; line 43205 (wfb::literacy-condition gibraltar "NA%" );; line 43210 (wfb::comment labor_force gibraltar "UK military establishments and civil government employ nearly 50% of the labor force" );; line 43216 (wfb::names gibraltar conventional_short_form "Gibraltar" );; line 43225 (wfb::digraph gibraltar "GI" );; line 43229 (wfb::type gibraltar "dependent territory of the UK" );; line 43233 (wfb::capital gibraltar gilbraltar-gibraltar );; line 43237 (wfb::comment independence gibraltar "dependent territory of the UK" );; line 43245 (wfb::constitution gibraltar "30 May 1969" );; line 43253 (wfb::legal_system gibraltar "English law" );; line 43257 (wfb::comment suffrage gibraltar " universal, plus other UK subjects resident six months or more" );; line 43261 (wfb::suffrage gibraltar (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 43261 (wfb::executive_branch gibraltar head_of_government "Chief Minister Joe BOSSANO " date_25_mar_1988 );; line 43270 (wfb::executive_branch gibraltar gibraltar_council "advises the governor" );; line 43272 (wfb::comment executive_branch gibraltar cabinet "appointed from the elected members of the Assembly by the governor in consultation with the chief minister" );; line 43274 (wfb::executive_branch gibraltar cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 43274 (wfb::legislative_structure gibraltar unicameral n/a );; line 43279 (wfb::legislative_branch gibraltar "House of Assembly" "elections last held on 16 January 1992 (next to be held January 1996); results - SL 73.3%; seats - (18 total, 15 elected) number of seats by party NA" );; line 43281 (wfb::judicial_branch gibraltar "Supreme Court, Court of Appeal" );; line 43287 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders gibraltar "Gibraltar Socialist Labor Party (SL), Joe BOSSANO; Gibraltar Labor Party/Association for the Advancement of Civil Rights (GCL/AACR), leader NA; Gibraltar Social Democrats, Peter CARUANA; Gibraltar National Party, Joe GARCIA" );; line 43291 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups gibraltar "Housewives Association; Chamber of Commerce; Gibraltar Representatives Organization" );; line 43298 (wfb::member_of gibraltar interpol );; line 43303 (wfb::comment member_of gibraltar interpol "subbureau" );; line 43303 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us gibraltar "none (dependent territory of the UK)" );; line 43307 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation gibraltar "none (dependent territory of the UK)" );; line 43311 (wfb::flag gibraltar "two horizontal bands of white (top, double width) and red with a three-towered red castle in the center of the white band; hanging from the castle gate is a gold key centered in the red band" );; line 43315 (wfb::overview gibraltar "Gibraltar benefits from an extensive shipping trade and offshore banking. The British military presence has been severely reduced and now only contributes about 11% to the local economy. The financial sector accounts for 15% of GDP; tourism, shipping services fees, and duties on consumer goods also generate revenue. Because more than 70% of the economy is in the public sector, changes in government spending have a major impact on the level of employment." );; line 43322 (wfb::estimation-date national_product gibraltar date_1993 );; line 43331 (wfb::national_product gibraltar (* 205e6 $) );; line 43331 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate gibraltar (* n/a %) );; line 43335 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita gibraltar date_1993 );; line 43339 (wfb::national_product_per_capita gibraltar (* 6600 $) );; line 43339 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| gibraltar "3.6% (1988)" );; line 43343 (wfb::unemployment_rate gibraltar (* n/a %) );; line 43347 (wfb::budget gibraltar revenues (* 116e6 $) );; line 43352 (wfb::budget gibraltar expenditures (* 124e6 $) );; line 43354 (wfb::exports gibraltar (* 57e6 $) );; line 43358 (wfb::exports gibraltar commodities |(principally re-exports) petroleum| (* 51 %) );; line 43360 (wfb::exports gibraltar commodities manufactured_goods (* 41 %) );; line 43360 (wfb::exports gibraltar partners uk n/a );; line 43363 (wfb::exports gibraltar partners morocco n/a );; line 43363 (wfb::exports gibraltar partners portugal n/a );; line 43363 (wfb::exports gibraltar partners netherlands n/a );; line 43363 (wfb::exports gibraltar partners spain n/a );; line 43363 (wfb::exports gibraltar partners us n/a );; line 43363 (wfb::exports gibraltar partners frg n/a );; line 43363 (wfb::imports gibraltar (* 420e6 $) );; line 43367 (wfb::imports gibraltar commodities fuels n/a );; line 43369 (wfb::imports gibraltar commodities manufactured_goods n/a );; line 43369 (wfb::imports gibraltar commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 43369 (wfb::imports gibraltar partners uk n/a );; line 43371 (wfb::imports gibraltar partners spain n/a );; line 43371 (wfb::imports gibraltar partners japan n/a );; line 43371 (wfb::imports gibraltar partners netherlands n/a );; line 43371 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt gibraltar date_1987 );; line 43375 (wfb::external_debt gibraltar (* 318e6 $) );; line 43375 (wfb::industrial_production gibraltar growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 43379 (wfb::electricity gibraltar capacity (* 47000 kw) );; line 43384 (wfb::electricity gibraltar production (* 90e6 kwh) );; line 43386 (wfb::measurement-date electricity gibraltar consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 43388 (wfb::electricity gibraltar consumption_per_capita (* 2539 kwh) );; line 43388 (wfb::industry gibraltar tourism );; line 43392 (wfb::industry gibraltar banking );; line 43392 (wfb::industry gibraltar finance );; line 43392 (wfb::industry gibraltar construction-industry );; line 43392 (wfb::industry gibraltar commerce-industry );; line 43392 (wfb::industry gibraltar support_to_large_uk_naval_and_air_bases );; line 43392 (wfb::industry gibraltar transit_trade_and_supply_depot_in_the_port );; line 43392 (wfb::industry gibraltar light_manufacturing_of_tobacco );; line 43392 (wfb::industry gibraltar roasted_coffee );; line 43392 (wfb::industry gibraltar ice );; line 43392 (wfb::industry gibraltar mineral_waters );; line 43392 (wfb::industry gibraltar candy );; line 43392 (wfb::industry gibraltar beer );; line 43392 (wfb::industry gibraltar canned_fish );; line 43392 (wfb::agriculture gibraltar "none" );; line 43399 (wfb::economic_aid gibraltar recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-88), $800,000; Western (non-US) countries and ODA bilateral commitments (1992-93), $2.5 million" );; line 43404 (wfb::abbreviation gibraltar_pound "#G" );; line 43409 (wfb::currency gibraltar gibraltar_pound 100 pence );; line 43409 (wfb::exchange_rates gibraltar "Gibraltar pounds (#G) per US$1 - 0.6350 (January 1995), 0.6529 (1994), 0.6658 (1993), 0.5664 (1992), 0.5652 (1991), 0.5603 (1990); note - the Gibraltar pound is at par with the British pound" );; line 43413 (wfb::fiscal_year gibraltar date_1_jul date_30_jun );; line 43419 (wfb::railroads gibraltar total "NA km; 1.000-m gauge system in dockyard area only" );; line 43425 (wfb::highways gibraltar total (* 50 km) );; line 43430 (wfb::highways gibraltar paved (* 50 km) );; line 43432 (wfb::port gibraltar gibraltar-gibraltar );; line 43440 (wfb::merchant_marine gibraltar total "23 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 419,707 GRT/721,110 DWT" );; line 43445 (wfb::merchant_marine gibraltar ships_by_type "bulk 3, cargo 3, chemical tanker 1, container 2, oil tanker 14" );; line 43447 (wfb::airports gibraltar total 1 );; line 43452 (wfb::airports gibraltar |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 1 );; line 43454 (wfb::telephone_system gibraltar "9,400 telephones; adequate, automatic domestic system and adequate international radiocommunication and microwave facilities" );; line 43459 (wfb::telephone_system gibraltar local "NA" );; line 43462 (wfb::telephone_system gibraltar intercity "NA" );; line 43464 (wfb::telephone_system gibraltar international "1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station" );; line 43466 (wfb::radio gibraltar broadcast_stations am 1 );; line 43471 (wfb::radio gibraltar broadcast_stations fm 6 );; line 43471 (wfb::radio gibraltar broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 43471 (wfb::radio gibraltar radios n/a );; line 43473 (wfb::television gibraltar broadcast_stations 4 );; line 43478 (wfb::television gibraltar televisions n/a );; line 43480 (wfb::defense_branch gibraltar british_army_gibraltar );; line 43486 (wfb::defense_branch gibraltar royal_navy_gibraltar );; line 43486 (wfb::defense_branch gibraltar royal_air_force_gibraltar );; line 43486 (wfb::note gibraltar "defense is the responsibility of the UK" );; line 43490 (wfb::markup-parameter figure glorioso_islands "graphno=\"go.tif\"" );; line 43496 (wfb::header glorioso_islands "(possession of France)" );; line 43496 (wfb::location glorioso_islands "Southern Africa, group of islands in the Indian Ocean, northwest of Madagascar" );; line 43500 (wfb::map_references glorioso_islands "Africa" );; line 43505 (wfb::area glorioso_islands total_area (* 5 sq_km) );; line 43510 (wfb::area glorioso_islands land_area (* 5 sq_km) );; line 43512 (wfb::area glorioso_islands comparative_area "about 8.5 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC" );; line 43514 (wfb::comment area glorioso_islands "includes Ile Glorieuse, Ile du Lys, Verte Rocks, Wreck Rock, and South Rock" );; line 43516 (wfb::coastline glorioso_islands (* 35.2 km) );; line 43525 (wfb::maritime_claims glorioso_islands exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 43530 (wfb::maritime_claims glorioso_islands territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 43532 (wfb::international_disputes glorioso_islands "claimed by Madagascar" );; line 43536 (wfb::climate glorioso_islands "tropical" );; line 43540 (wfb::terrain glorioso_islands "NA" );; line 43544 (wfb::natural-resource glorioso_islands guano );; line 43548 (wfb::natural-resource glorioso_islands coconuts );; line 43548 (wfb::land_use glorioso_islands arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 43553 (wfb::land_use glorioso_islands permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 43555 (wfb::land_use glorioso_islands meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 43557 (wfb::land_use glorioso_islands forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 43559 (wfb::comment land_use glorioso_islands other "all lush vegetation and coconut palms" );; line 43561 (wfb::land_use glorioso_islands other (* 100 %) );; line 43561 (wfb::irrigated_land glorioso_islands (* 0 sq_km) );; line 43565 (wfb::environment glorioso_islands current_issues "NA" );; line 43570 (wfb::environment glorioso_islands natural_hazards "periodic cyclones" );; line 43572 (wfb::environment glorioso_islands international_agreements "NA" );; line 43574 (wfb::names glorioso_islands conventional_short_form "Glorioso Islands" );; line 43588 (wfb::names glorioso_islands local_short_form "Iles Glorieuses" );; line 43592 (wfb::digraph glorioso_islands "GO" );; line 43596 (wfb::type glorioso_islands "French possession administered by Commissioner of the Republic, resident in Reunion" );; line 43600 (wfb::comment independence glorioso_islands "possession of France" );; line 43609 (wfb::overview glorioso_islands "no economic activity" );; line 43614 (wfb::airports glorioso_islands total 1 );; line 43624 (wfb::airports glorioso_islands |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 43626 (wfb::note glorioso_islands "defense is the responsibility of France" );; line 43636 (wfb::markup-parameter figure greece "graphno=\"gr.tif\"" );; line 43642 (wfb::location greece "Southern Europe, bordering the Aegean Sea, Ionian Sea, and the Mediterranean Sea, between Albania and Turkey" );; line 43646 (wfb::map_references greece "Europe" );; line 43651 (wfb::area greece total_area (* 131940 sq_km) );; line 43656 (wfb::area greece land_area (* 130800 sq_km) );; line 43658 (wfb::area greece comparative_area "slightly smaller than Alabama" );; line 43660 (wfb::borders greece total (* 1210 km) );; line 43664 (wfb::borders greece albania (* 282 km) );; line 43664 (wfb::borders greece bulgaria (* 494 km) );; line 43664 (wfb::borders greece turkey (* 206 km) );; line 43664 (wfb::borders greece the_former_yugoslav_republic_of_macedonia (* 228 km) );; line 43664 (wfb::coastline greece (* 13676 km) );; line 43669 (wfb::maritime_claims greece territorial_sea (* 6 nm) );; line 43676 (wfb::international_disputes greece "complex maritime, air, and territorial disputes with Turkey in Aegean Sea" );; line 43680 (wfb::international_disputes greece "Cyprus question" );; line 43680 (wfb::international_disputes greece "dispute with The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia over name, symbols, and certain constitutional provisions" );; line 43680 (wfb::international_disputes greece "Greece is involved in a bilateral dispute with Albania over border demarcation, the treatment of Albania's ethnic Greek minority, and migrant Albanian workers in Greece" );; line 43680 (wfb::climate greece "temperate" );; line 43689 (wfb::climate greece "mild, wet winters" );; line 43689 (wfb::climate greece "hot, dry summers" );; line 43689 (wfb::terrain greece "mostly mountains with ranges extending into sea as peninsulas or chains of islands" );; line 43693 (wfb::natural-resource greece bauxite );; line 43698 (wfb::natural-resource greece lignite );; line 43698 (wfb::natural-resource greece magnesite );; line 43698 (wfb::natural-resource greece petroleum );; line 43698 (wfb::natural-resource greece marble );; line 43698 (wfb::land_use greece arable_land (* 23 %) );; line 43703 (wfb::land_use greece permanent_crops (* 8 %) );; line 43705 (wfb::land_use greece meadows_and_pastures (* 40 %) );; line 43707 (wfb::land_use greece forest_and_woodland (* 20 %) );; line 43709 (wfb::land_use greece other (* 9 %) );; line 43711 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land greece date_1989 );; line 43715 (wfb::irrigated_land greece (* 11900 sq_km) );; line 43715 (wfb::environment greece current_issues "air pollution" );; line 43720 (wfb::environment greece current_issues "water pollution" );; line 43720 (wfb::environment greece natural_hazards "severe earthquakes" );; line 43722 (wfb::environment greece international_agreements "party to - Air Pollution, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands" );; line 43724 (wfb::environment greece international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Desertification, Law of the Sea" );; line 43724 (wfb::note greece "strategic location dominating the Aegean Sea and southern approach to Turkish Straits; a peninsular country, possessing an archipelago of about 2,000 islands" );; line 43733 (wfb::estimation-date population greece date_jul_1995 );; line 43741 (wfb::population greece 10647511 );; line 43741 (wfb::age_structure greece 0-14_years (* 18 %) );; line 43746 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex greece 0-14_years female 904374 );; line 43746 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex greece 0-14_years male 947494 );; line 43746 (wfb::age_structure greece 15-64_years (* 67 %) );; line 43748 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex greece 15-64_years female 3601029 );; line 43748 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex greece 15-64_years male 3565931 );; line 43748 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure greece 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 43750 (wfb::age_structure greece 65_years_and_over (* 15 %) );; line 43750 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex greece 65_years_and_over female 919044 );; line 43750 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex greece 65_years_and_over male 709639 );; line 43750 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate greece date_1995 );; line 43754 (wfb::population_growth_rate greece (* 0.72 %) );; line 43754 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate greece date_1995 );; line 43758 (wfb::birth_rate greece (* 10.56 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 43758 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate greece date_1995 );; line 43762 (wfb::death_rate greece (* 9.31 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 43762 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate greece date_1995 );; line 43766 (wfb::net_migration_rate greece (* 5.99 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 43766 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate greece date_1995 );; line 43770 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate greece (* 8.3 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 43770 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth greece total_population (* 77.92 years) );; line 43775 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth greece male (* 75.39 years) );; line 43777 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth greece female date_1995 );; line 43779 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth greece female (* 80.59 years) );; line 43779 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate greece date_1995 );; line 43783 (wfb::total_fertility_rate greece (* 1.46 children_born/woman) );; line 43783 (wfb::nationality greece noun "Greek(s)" );; line 43788 (wfb::nationality greece adjective "Greek" );; line 43790 (wfb::ethnic-entity greece greek-ethnic-entity (* 98 %) );; line 43794 (wfb::comment ethnic_divisions greece "the Greek Government states there are no ethnic divisions in Greece" );; line 43796 (wfb::religion greece greek_orthodox (* 98 %) );; line 43801 (wfb::religion greece muslim (* 1.3 %) );; line 43801 (wfb::language greece greek n/a );; line 43805 (wfb::comment language greece greek "official" );; line 43805 (wfb::language greece english n/a );; line 43805 (wfb::language greece french n/a );; line 43805 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition greece date_1991 );; line 43809 (wfb::literacy-condition greece "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 43809 (wfb::literacy greece total_population (* 95 %) );; line 43811 (wfb::literacy greece male (* 98 %) );; line 43813 (wfb::literacy greece female (* 93 %) );; line 43815 (wfb::total_labor_force greece 4.077e6 );; line 43819 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force greece by_occupation date_1994 );; line 43821 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1994 );; line 43821 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation greece services (* 52 %) );; line 43821 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation greece agriculture (* 23 %) );; line 43821 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation greece industry (* 25 %) );; line 43821 (wfb::names greece conventional_long_form "Hellenic Republic" );; line 43827 (wfb::names greece conventional_short_form "Greece" );; line 43829 (wfb::names greece local_long_form "Elliniki Dhimokratia" );; line 43831 (wfb::names greece local_short_form "Ellas" );; line 43833 (wfb::names greece former "Kingdom of Greece" );; line 43835 (wfb::digraph greece "GR" );; line 43839 (wfb::type greece "presidential parliamentary government; monarchy rejected by referendum 8 December 1974" );; line 43843 (wfb::capital greece athens-greece );; line 43848 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_greece_prefectures "prefectures" "nomoi" "nomos" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_divisions greece adm_div_greece_prefectures 52 );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Aitolia kai Akarnania" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Akhaia" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Argolis" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Arkadhia" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Arta" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Attiki" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Dhodhekanisos" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Dhrama" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Evritania" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Evros" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Evvoia" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Florina" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Fokis" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Fthiotis" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Grevena" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Ilia" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Imathia" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Ioannina" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Iraklion" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Kardhitsa" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Kastoria" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Kavala" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Kefallinia" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Kerkira" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Khalkidhiki" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Khania" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Khios" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Kikladhes" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Kilkis" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Korinthia" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Kozani" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Lakonia" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Larisa" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Lasithi" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Lesvos" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Levkas" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Magnisia" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Messinia" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Pella" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Pieria" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Piraievs" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Preveza" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Rethimni" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Rodhopi" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Samos" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Serrai" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Thesprotia" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Thessaloniki" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Trikala" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Voiotia" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Xanthi" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "Zakinthos" );; line 43852 (wfb::administrative_division_of greece adm_div_greece_prefectures "autonomous region: Agion Oros (Mt. Athos)" );; line 43852 (wfb::independence greece date_1829 "the Ottoman Empire" );; line 43863 (wfb::comment national_holiday greece "proclamation of the war of independence" );; line 43867 (wfb::national_holiday greece "Independence Day" date_25_mar );; line 43867 (wfb::constitution greece "11 June 1975" );; line 43872 (wfb::legal_system greece "based on codified Roman law; judiciary divided into civil, criminal, and administrative courts" );; line 43876 (wfb::comment suffrage greece " universal and compulsory" );; line 43881 (wfb::suffrage greece (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 43881 (wfb::comment executive_branch greece chief_of_state "results - Konstantinos STEPHANOPOULOS was elected by Parliament" );; line 43886 (wfb::executive_branch greece head_of_government "Prime Minister Andreas PAPANDREOU " date_10_oct_1993 );; line 43890 (wfb::comment executive_branch greece cabinet "appointed by the president on recommendation of the prime minister" );; line 43892 (wfb::executive_branch greece cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 43892 (wfb::legislative_structure greece unicameral n/a );; line 43897 (wfb::legislative_branch greece "Chamber of Deputies (Vouli ton Ellinon)" "elections last held 10 October 1993 (next to be held by NA October 1997); results - PASOK 46.88%, ND 39.30%, Political Spring 4.87%, KKE 4.54%, and Progressive Left (replaced by Coalition of the Left and Progress) 2.94%; seats - (300 total) PASOK 170, ND 111, Political Spring 10, KKE 9" );; line 43899 (wfb::judicial_branch greece "Supreme Judicial Court, Special Supreme Tribunal" );; line 43906 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders greece "New Democracy (ND; conservative), Miltiades EVERT; Panhellenic Socialist Movement (PASOK), Andreas PAPANDREOU; Communist Party (KKE), Aleka PAPARIGA; Ecologist-Alternative List, leader rotates; Political Spring, Antonis SAMARAS; Coalition of the Left and Progress (Synaspismos), Nikolaos KONSTANTOPOULOS" );; line 43910 (wfb::member_of greece australia_group );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece bis );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece bsec );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece ccc );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece ce );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece cern );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece ebrd );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece ec-international-organization );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece ece );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece eib );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece fao );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece g-_6 );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece gatt );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece iaea );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece ibrd );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece icao );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece icc );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece icftu );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece icrm );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece ida );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece iea );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece ifad );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece ifc );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece ifrcs );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece ilo );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece imf );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece imo );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece inmarsat );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece intelsat );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece interpol );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece ioc );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece iom );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece iso );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece itu );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece minurso );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece mtcr );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece nacc );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece nam );; line 43918 (wfb::comment member_of greece nam "guest" );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece nato );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece nea );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece nsg );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece oas );; line 43918 (wfb::comment member_of greece oas "observer" );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece oecd );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece osce );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece pca );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece un );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece unctad );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece unesco );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece unhcr );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece unido );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece unikom );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece upu );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece weu );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece wftu );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece who );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece wipo );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece wmo );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece wto );; line 43918 (wfb::member_of greece zc );; line 43918 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us greece chief_of_mission "Ambassador Loucas TSILAS" );; line 43928 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us greece chancery "2221 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 43930 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us greece telephone "[1] (202) 939-5800" );; line 43932 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us greece fax "[1] (202) 939-5824" );; line 43934 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us greece |consulate(s) general| "Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, New York, and San Francisco" );; line 43936 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us greece |consulate(s)| "New Orleans" );; line 43939 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation greece chief_of_mission "Ambassador Thomas M.T. NILES" );; line 43944 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation greece embassy "91 Vasilissis Sophias Boulevard, 10160 Athens" );; line 43946 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation greece mailing_address "PSC 108, Athens; APO AE 09842" );; line 43948 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation greece telephone "[30] (1) 721-2951, 8401" );; line 43950 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation greece fax "[30] (1) 645-6282" );; line 43952 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation greece |consulate(s) general| "Thessaloniki" );; line 43954 (wfb::flag greece "nine equal horizontal stripes of blue alternating with white; there is a blue square in the upper hoist-side corner bearing a white cross; the cross symbolizes Greek Orthodoxy, the established religion of the country" );; line 43958 (wfb::overview greece "Greece has a mixed capitalist economy with the basic entrepreneurial system overlaid in 1981-89 by a socialist system that enlarged the public sector from 55% of GDP in 1981 to about 70% in 1989. Since then, the public sector has been reduced to about 60% of GDP. Tourism continues as a major source of foreign exchange, and agriculture is self-sufficient except for meat, dairy products, and animal feedstuffs. Over the last decade, real GDP growth has averaged 1.6% a year, compared with the European Union average of 2.2%. Inflation continues to be well above the EU average, and the national debt has reached 140% of GDP, the highest in the EU. Prime Minister PAPANDREOU will probably make only limited progress correcting the economy's problems of high inflation, large budget deficit, and decaying infrastructure. His economic program suggests that although he will shun his expansionary policies of the 1980s, he will avoid tough measures needed to slow inflation or reduce the state's role in the economy. He has limited the previous government's privatization plans, for example, and has called for generous welfare spending and real wage increases. Athens continues to rely heavily on EU aid, which recently has amounted to about 6% of GDP. Greece almost certainly will not meet the EU's Maastricht Treaty convergence targets of public deficit held to 3% of GDP and national debt to 60% of GDP by 1999. Per capita GDP has fallen below Portugal's level, the lowest among EU members." );; line 43966 (wfb::estimation-date national_product greece date_1994 );; line 43989 (wfb::national_product greece (* 93.7e9 $) );; line 43989 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate greece date_1994 );; line 43993 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate greece (* 0.4 %) );; line 43993 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita greece date_1994 );; line 43997 (wfb::national_product_per_capita greece (* 8870 $) );; line 43997 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| greece "10.9% (1994 est.)" );; line 44001 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate greece date_1994 );; line 44005 (wfb::unemployment_rate greece (* 10.1 %) );; line 44005 (wfb::budget greece revenues (* 28.3e9 $) );; line 44010 (wfb::measurement-date budget greece date_1994 );; line 44012 (wfb::budget greece expenditures (* 37.6e9 $) );; line 44012 (wfb::budget greece capital_expenditures (* 5.2e9 $) );; line 44012 (wfb::exports greece (* 9e9 $) );; line 44017 (wfb::exports greece commodities manufactured_goods (* 53 %) );; line 44019 (wfb::exports greece commodities foodstuffs (* 34 %) );; line 44019 (wfb::exports greece commodities fuels (* 5 %) );; line 44019 (wfb::measurement-date exports greece date_1993 );; line 44021 (wfb::exports greece partners germany (* 24 %) );; line 44021 (wfb::exports greece partners italy (* 14 %) );; line 44021 (wfb::exports greece partners france (* 7 %) );; line 44021 (wfb::exports greece partners uk (* 6 %) );; line 44021 (wfb::exports greece partners us (* 4 %) );; line 44021 (wfb::imports greece (* 19.2e9 $) );; line 44025 (wfb::imports greece commodities manufactured_goods (* 72 %) );; line 44027 (wfb::imports greece commodities foodstuffs (* 15 %) );; line 44027 (wfb::imports greece commodities fuels (* 10 %) );; line 44027 (wfb::measurement-date imports greece date_1993 );; line 44029 (wfb::imports greece partners germany (* 16 %) );; line 44029 (wfb::imports greece partners italy (* 14 %) );; line 44029 (wfb::imports greece partners france (* 7 %) );; line 44029 (wfb::imports greece partners japan (* 7 %) );; line 44029 (wfb::imports greece partners uk (* 6 %) );; line 44029 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt greece date_1993 );; line 44033 (wfb::external_debt greece (* 26.9e9 $) );; line 44033 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 44037 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production greece date_1993 );; line 44037 (wfb::industrial_production greece growth_rate (* 3.2 %) );; line 44037 (wfb::industrial_production greece accounts_for (* 18 %_of_gdp) );; line 44037 (wfb::electricity greece capacity (* 8970000 kw) );; line 44042 (wfb::electricity greece production (* 35.8e9 kwh) );; line 44044 (wfb::measurement-date electricity greece consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 44046 (wfb::electricity greece consumption_per_capita (* 3257 kwh) );; line 44046 (wfb::industry greece tourism );; line 44050 (wfb::industry greece food_and_tobacco_processing );; line 44050 (wfb::industry greece textiles );; line 44050 (wfb::industry greece chemicals );; line 44050 (wfb::industry greece metal_products );; line 44050 (wfb::industry greece mining );; line 44050 (wfb::industry greece petroleum-industry );; line 44050 (wfb::agriculture greece "including fishing and forestry, accounts for 12% of GDP; principal products - wheat, corn, barley, sugar beets, olives, tomatoes, wine, tobacco, potatoes; self-sufficient in food except meat, dairy products, and animal feedstuffs" );; line 44055 (wfb::illicit_drugs greece "illicit producer of cannabis and limited opium; mostly for domestic production; serves as a gateway to Europe for traffickers smuggling cannabis and heroin from the Middle East and Southwest Asia to the West and precursor chemicals to the East; transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin transiting the Balkan route" );; line 44062 (wfb::economic_aid greece recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-81), $525 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $1.39 billion" );; line 44071 (wfb::abbreviation drachma "Dr" );; line 44076 (wfb::currency greece drachma 100 lepta );; line 44076 (wfb::exchange_rates greece "drachmae (Dr) per US$1 - 238.20 (January 1995), 242.60 (1994), 229.26 (1993), 190.62 (1992), 182.27 (1991), 158.51 (1990)" );; line 44080 (wfb::fiscal_year greece date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 44085 (wfb::railroads greece total "2,503 km" );; line 44091 (wfb::railroads greece standard_gauge "1,565 km 1.435-m gauge (36 km electrified; 100 km double track)" );; line 44093 (wfb::railroads greece narrow_gauge "887 km 1,000-m gauge; 22 km 0.750-m gauge; 29 km 0.600-m gauge" );; line 44095 (wfb::highways greece total (* 130000 km) );; line 44100 (wfb::comment highways greece paved "116 km expressways" );; line 44102 (wfb::measurement-date highways greece date_1990 );; line 44104 (wfb::inland_waterways greece "80 km; system consists of three coastal canals; including the Corinth Canal (6 km) which crosses the Isthmus of Corinth connecting the Gulf of Corinth with the Saronic Gulf and shortens the sea voyage from the Adriatic to Piraievs (Piraeus) by 325 km; and three unconnected rivers" );; line 44108 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 26 km) );; line 44115 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 547 km) );; line 44115 (wfb::port greece alexandroupolis-greece );; line 44119 (wfb::port greece elevsis-greece );; line 44119 (wfb::port greece iraklion-greece );; line 44119 (wfb::comment port greece iraklion-greece "Crete" );; line 44119 (wfb::port greece kavala-greece );; line 44119 (wfb::port greece kerkira-greece );; line 44119 (wfb::port greece khalkis-greece );; line 44119 (wfb::port greece igoumenitsa-greece );; line 44119 (wfb::port greece lavrion-greece );; line 44119 (wfb::port greece patrai-greece );; line 44119 (wfb::port greece piraievs-greece );; line 44119 (wfb::comment port greece piraievs-greece "Piraeus" );; line 44119 (wfb::port greece thessaloniki-greece );; line 44119 (wfb::port greece volos-greece );; line 44119 (wfb::merchant_marine greece total "1,046 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 29,076,911 GRT/53,618,024 DWT" );; line 44125 (wfb::merchant_marine greece ships_by_type "bulk 469, cargo 105, chemical tanker 22, combination bulk 21, combination ore/oil 31, container 40, liquefied gas tanker 5, oil tanker 239, passenger 14, passenger-cargo 3, refrigerated cargo 10, roll-on/roll-off cargo 16, short-sea passenger 67, specialized tanker 3, vehicle carrier 1" );; line 44128 (wfb::comment merchant_marine greece "ethnic Greeks also own 125 ships under Liberian registry, 323 under Panamanian, 705 under Cypriot, 351 under Maltese, and 100 under Bahamian" );; line 44133 (wfb::airports greece total 79 );; line 44140 (wfb::airports greece |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 5 );; line 44142 (wfb::airports greece |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 15 );; line 44144 (wfb::airports greece |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 16 );; line 44146 (wfb::airports greece |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 17 );; line 44148 (wfb::airports greece with_paved_runways_under_914_m 22 );; line 44150 (wfb::airports greece |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 1 );; line 44152 (wfb::airports greece |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 3 );; line 44154 (wfb::telephone_system greece "4,080,000 telephones; adequate, modern networks reach all areas; microwave radio relay carries most traffic; extensive open-wire network; submarine cables to off-shore islands" );; line 44159 (wfb::telephone_system greece local "NA" );; line 44163 (wfb::telephone_system greece intercity "microwave radio relay and open wire" );; line 44165 (wfb::telephone_system greece international "tropospheric links, 8 submarine cables; 2 INTELSAT (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) and 1 EUTELSAT ground station" );; line 44167 (wfb::radio greece broadcast_stations am 29 );; line 44173 (wfb::comment radio greece broadcast_stations fm "repeaters 20" );; line 44173 (wfb::radio greece broadcast_stations fm 17 );; line 44173 (wfb::radio greece broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 44173 (wfb::radio greece radios n/a );; line 44175 (wfb::television greece broadcast_stations 361 );; line 44180 (wfb::television greece televisions n/a );; line 44182 (wfb::defense_branch greece hellenic_army_greece );; line 44188 (wfb::defense_branch greece hellenic_navy_greece );; line 44188 (wfb::defense_branch greece hellenic_air_force_greece );; line 44188 (wfb::defense_branch greece national_guard_greece );; line 44188 (wfb::defense_branch greece police_greece );; line 44188 (wfb::manpower_availability greece "males age 15-49 2,676,152; males fit for military service 2,046,996; males reach military age (21) annually 75,857 (1995 est.)" );; line 44193 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures greece date_1994 );; line 44198 (wfb::defense_expenditures greece (* 4.1e9 $) );; line 44198 (wfb::defense_expenditures greece (* 5.4 %_of_gdp) );; line 44198 (wfb::markup-parameter figure greenland "graphno=\"gl.tif\"" );; line 44204 (wfb::header greenland "(part of the Danish realm)" );; line 44204 (wfb::location greenland "Northern North America, island between the Arctic Ocean and the North Atlantic Ocean, northeast of Canada" );; line 44208 (wfb::map_references greenland "Arctic Region" );; line 44213 (wfb::area greenland total_area (* 2175600 sq_km) );; line 44218 (wfb::comment area greenland land_area "ice free" );; line 44220 (wfb::area greenland land_area (* 383600 sq_km) );; line 44220 (wfb::area greenland comparative_area "slightly more than three times the size of Texas" );; line 44222 (wfb::coastline greenland (* 44087 km) );; line 44230 (wfb::maritime_claims greenland exclusive_fishing_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 44235 (wfb::maritime_claims greenland territorial_sea (* 3 nm) );; line 44237 (wfb::international_disputes greenland "none" );; line 44241 (wfb::climate greenland "arctic to subarctic" );; line 44245 (wfb::climate greenland "cool summers, cold winters" );; line 44245 (wfb::terrain greenland "flat to gradually sloping icecap covers all but a narrow, mountainous, barren, rocky coast" );; line 44249 (wfb::natural-resource greenland zinc );; line 44254 (wfb::natural-resource greenland lead );; line 44254 (wfb::natural-resource greenland iron_ore );; line 44254 (wfb::natural-resource greenland coal );; line 44254 (wfb::natural-resource greenland molybdenum );; line 44254 (wfb::natural-resource greenland cryolite );; line 44254 (wfb::natural-resource greenland uranium );; line 44254 (wfb::natural-resource greenland fish );; line 44254 (wfb::land_use greenland arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 44259 (wfb::land_use greenland permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 44261 (wfb::land_use greenland meadows_and_pastures (* 1 %) );; line 44263 (wfb::land_use greenland forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 44265 (wfb::land_use greenland other (* 99 %) );; line 44267 (wfb::irrigated_land greenland (* 0 sq_km) );; line 44271 (wfb::environment greenland current_issues "NA" );; line 44276 (wfb::environment greenland natural_hazards "continuous permafrost over northern two-thirds of the island" );; line 44278 (wfb::environment greenland international_agreements "NA" );; line 44280 (wfb::note greenland "dominates North Atlantic Ocean between North America and Europe; sparse population confined to small settlements along coast" );; line 44284 (wfb::estimation-date population greenland date_jul_1995 );; line 44291 (wfb::population greenland 57611 );; line 44291 (wfb::age_structure greenland 0-14_years (* 27 %) );; line 44296 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex greenland 0-14_years female 7664 );; line 44296 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex greenland 0-14_years male 7881 );; line 44296 (wfb::age_structure greenland 15-64_years (* 68 %) );; line 44298 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex greenland 15-64_years female 17761 );; line 44298 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex greenland 15-64_years male 21580 );; line 44298 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure greenland 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 44300 (wfb::age_structure greenland 65_years_and_over (* 5 %) );; line 44300 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex greenland 65_years_and_over female 1500 );; line 44300 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex greenland 65_years_and_over male 1225 );; line 44300 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate greenland date_1995 );; line 44304 (wfb::population_growth_rate greenland (* 1.05 %) );; line 44304 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate greenland date_1995 );; line 44308 (wfb::birth_rate greenland (* 17.7 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 44308 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate greenland date_1995 );; line 44312 (wfb::death_rate greenland (* 7.2 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 44312 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate greenland date_1995 );; line 44316 (wfb::net_migration_rate greenland (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 44316 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate greenland date_1995 );; line 44320 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate greenland (* 25.1 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 44320 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth greenland total_population (* 67.65 years) );; line 44325 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth greenland male (* 63.33 years) );; line 44327 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth greenland female date_1995 );; line 44329 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth greenland female (* 71.98 years) );; line 44329 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate greenland date_1995 );; line 44333 (wfb::total_fertility_rate greenland (* 2.25 children_born/woman) );; line 44333 (wfb::nationality greenland noun "Greenlander(s)" );; line 44338 (wfb::nationality greenland adjective "Greenlandic" );; line 44340 (wfb::comment ethnic-entity "Eskimos and Greenland-born Caucasians" );; line 44344 (wfb::ethnic-entity greenland greenlander (* 86 %) );; line 44344 (wfb::ethnic-entity greenland danish-ethnic-entity (* 14 %) );; line 44344 (wfb::religion greenland evangelical_lutheran n/a );; line 44349 (wfb::language greenland eskimo_dialects n/a );; line 44353 (wfb::language greenland danish n/a );; line 44353 (wfb::literacy-condition greenland "NA%" );; line 44357 (wfb::total_labor_force greenland 22800 );; line 44361 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation greenland largely_engaged_in_fishing n/a );; line 44363 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation greenland hunting n/a );; line 44363 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation greenland sheep_breeding n/a );; line 44363 (wfb::names greenland conventional_short_form "Greenland" );; line 44371 (wfb::names greenland local_short_form "Kalaallit Nunaat" );; line 44375 (wfb::digraph greenland "GL" );; line 44379 (wfb::type greenland "part of the Danish realm; self-governing overseas administrative division" );; line 44383 (wfb::comment capital greenland "Godthab" );; line 44388 (wfb::capital greenland nuuk-greenland );; line 44388 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_greenland_municipalities "municipalities" "kommuner" "kommun" );; line 44392 (wfb::administrative_divisions greenland adm_div_greenland_municipalities 3 );; line 44392 (wfb::administrative_division_of greenland adm_div_greenland_municipalities "Nordgronland" );; line 44392 (wfb::administrative_division_of greenland adm_div_greenland_municipalities "Ostgronland" );; line 44392 (wfb::administrative_division_of greenland adm_div_greenland_municipalities "Vestgronland" );; line 44392 (wfb::comment independence greenland "part of the Danish realm; self-governing overseas administrative division" );; line 44397 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1940 );; line 44402 (wfb::comment national_holiday greenland "1940" );; line 44402 (wfb::national_holiday greenland "Birthday of the Queen" date_16_apr );; line 44402 (wfb::constitution greenland "5 June 1953 (Danish constitution)" );; line 44406 (wfb::legal_system greenland "Danish" );; line 44410 (wfb::comment suffrage greenland " universal" );; line 44414 (wfb::suffrage greenland (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 44414 (wfb::executive_branch greenland head_of_government "Home Rule Chairman Lars Emil JOHANSEN " date_15_mar_1991 );; line 44422 (wfb::comment executive_branch greenland cabinet "formed from the Landsting on basis of strength of parties" );; line 44424 (wfb::executive_branch greenland cabinet "Landsstyre" );; line 44424 (wfb::legislative_structure greenland unicameral n/a );; line 44429 (wfb::legislative_branch greenland "Parliament (Landsting)" "elections last held on 4 March 1995 (next to be held 5 March 1999); results - Siumut 38.5%, Inuit Ataqatigiit 20.3%, Atassut Party 29.7%; seats - (31 total) Siumut 12, Atassut Party 10, Inuit Ataqatigiit 6, conservative splinter grouping 2, independent 1" );; line 44431 (wfb::legislative_branch greenland "Danish Folketing" "last held on 21 September 1994 (next to be held by September 1998); Greenland elects two representatives to the Folketing; results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (2 total) Liberals 1, Social Democrats 1; note - Greenlandic representatives are affiliated with Danish political parties" );; line 44436 (wfb::judicial_branch greenland "High Court (Landsret)" );; line 44444 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders greenland "two-party ruling coalition; Siumut (Forward Party, a moderate socialist party that advocates more distinct Greenlandic identity and greater autonomy from Denmark), Lars Emil JOHANSEN, chairman; Inuit Ataqatigiit (IA) (Eskimo Brotherhood, a Marxist-Leninist party that favors complete independence from Denmark rather than home rule), Josef MOTZFELDT; Atassut Party (Solidarity, a more conservative party that favors continuing close relations with Denmark), Daniel SKIFTE; AKULLIIT, Bjarne KREUTZMANN; Issituup (Polar Party), Nicolai HEINRICH" );; line 44448 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us greenland "none (self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark)" );; line 44459 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation greenland "none (self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark)" );; line 44463 (wfb::flag greenland "two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and red with a large disk slightly to the hoist side of center - the top half of the disk is red, the bottom half is white" );; line 44467 (wfb::overview greenland "Greenland's economic situation at present is difficult. Unemployment is increasing, and prospects for economic growth in the immediate future are dim. Following the closing of the Black Angel lead and zinc mine in 1989, Greenland became almost completely dependent on fishing and fish processing, the sector accounting for 95% of exports. Prospects for fisheries are not bright, as the important shrimp catches will at best stabilize and cod catches have dropped. Resumption of mining and hydrocarbon activities is not around the corner, thus leaving only tourism with some potential for the near future. The public sector in Greenland, i.e., the central government and its commercial entities and the municipalities, plays a dominant role in Greenland accounting for about two-thirds of total employment. About half the government's revenues come from grants from the Danish Government." );; line 44474 (wfb::national_product greenland (* n/a $) );; line 44489 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate greenland (* n/a %) );; line 44493 (wfb::national_product_per_capita greenland (* n/a $) );; line 44497 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| greenland "1.3% (1993 est.)" );; line 44501 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate greenland date_1993 );; line 44505 (wfb::unemployment_rate greenland (* 6.6 %) );; line 44505 (wfb::budget greenland revenues (* 667e6 $) );; line 44510 (wfb::estimation-date budget greenland date_1993 );; line 44512 (wfb::budget greenland expenditures (* 635e6 $) );; line 44512 (wfb::budget greenland capital_expenditures (* 103.8e6 $) );; line 44512 (wfb::exports greenland (* 330.5e6 $) );; line 44517 (wfb::exports greenland partners denmark (* 79 %) );; line 44521 (wfb::exports greenland partners benelux-region (* 9 %) );; line 44521 (wfb::exports greenland partners germany (* 5 %) );; line 44521 (wfb::imports greenland (* 369.6e6 $) );; line 44525 (wfb::imports greenland commodities manufactured_goods (* 28 %) );; line 44527 (wfb::imports greenland commodities machinery_and_transport_equipment (* 24 %) );; line 44527 (wfb::imports greenland commodities food_and_live_animals (* 12.4 %) );; line 44527 (wfb::imports greenland commodities petroleum_products-commodity (* 12 %) );; line 44527 (wfb::imports greenland partners denmark (* 65 %) );; line 44530 (wfb::imports greenland partners norway (* 8.8 %) );; line 44530 (wfb::imports greenland partners us (* 4.6 %) );; line 44530 (wfb::imports greenland partners germany (* 3.8 %) );; line 44530 (wfb::imports greenland partners japan (* 3.8 %) );; line 44530 (wfb::imports greenland partners sweden (* 2.4 %) );; line 44530 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt greenland date_1993 );; line 44535 (wfb::external_debt greenland (* 297.1e6 $) );; line 44535 (wfb::industrial_production greenland growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 44539 (wfb::electricity greenland capacity (* 84000 kw) );; line 44544 (wfb::electricity greenland production (* 210e6 kwh) );; line 44546 (wfb::measurement-date electricity greenland consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 44548 (wfb::electricity greenland consumption_per_capita (* 3361 kwh) );; line 44548 (wfb::industry greenland |fish processing (mainly shrimp)| );; line 44552 (wfb::industry greenland lead_and_zinc_mining );; line 44552 (wfb::industry greenland handicrafts );; line 44552 (wfb::industry greenland some_small_shipyards );; line 44552 (wfb::industry greenland potential_for_platinum_and_gold_mining );; line 44552 (wfb::agriculture greenland "sector dominated by fishing and sheep raising; crops limited to forage and small garden vegetables; 1988 fish catch of 133,500 metric tons" );; line 44557 (wfb::economic_aid greenland "none" );; line 44562 (wfb::abbreviation danish_krone "DKr" );; line 44566 (wfb::currency greenland danish_krone 100 oere );; line 44566 (wfb::exchange_rates greenland "Danish kroner (DKr) per US$1 - 6.034 (January 1995), 6.361 (1994), 6.484 (1993), 6.036 (1992), 6.396 (1991), 6.189 (1990)" );; line 44570 (wfb::fiscal_year greenland date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 44575 (wfb::railroads greenland "0 km" );; line 44580 (wfb::highways greenland total (* 150 km) );; line 44585 (wfb::highways greenland paved (* 60 km) );; line 44587 (wfb::highways greenland unpaved (* 90 km) );; line 44589 (wfb::port greenland faeringehavn-greenland );; line 44593 (wfb::port greenland frederikshaab-greenland );; line 44593 (wfb::port greenland holsteinsborg-greenland );; line 44593 (wfb::port greenland nanortalik-greenland );; line 44593 (wfb::port greenland narsaq-greenland );; line 44593 (wfb::port greenland nuuk-greenland );; line 44593 (wfb::comment port greenland nuuk-greenland "Godthaab" );; line 44593 (wfb::port greenland sondrestrom-greenland );; line 44593 (wfb::merchant_marine greenland "none" );; line 44598 (wfb::airports greenland total 10 );; line 44603 (wfb::airports greenland |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 44605 (wfb::airports greenland |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 44607 (wfb::airports greenland |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 1 );; line 44609 (wfb::airports greenland |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 44611 (wfb::airports greenland with_paved_runways_under_914_m 2 );; line 44613 (wfb::airports greenland |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 1 );; line 44615 (wfb::airports greenland |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 3 );; line 44617 (wfb::telephone_system greenland "17,900 telephones; adequate domestic and international service provided by cables and microwave radio relay" );; line 44622 (wfb::telephone_system greenland local "NA" );; line 44625 (wfb::telephone_system greenland intercity "microwave radio relay" );; line 44627 (wfb::telephone_system greenland international "2 coaxial submarine cables; 1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station" );; line 44629 (wfb::radio greenland broadcast_stations am 5 );; line 44635 (wfb::comment radio greenland broadcast_stations fm "repeaters 35" );; line 44635 (wfb::radio greenland broadcast_stations fm 7 );; line 44635 (wfb::radio greenland broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 44635 (wfb::radio greenland radios n/a );; line 44637 (wfb::comment television greenland broadcast_stations "repeaters 9" );; line 44642 (wfb::television greenland broadcast_stations 4 );; line 44642 (wfb::television greenland televisions n/a );; line 44644 (wfb::note greenland "defense is responsibility of Denmark" );; line 44650 (wfb::markup-parameter figure grenada "graphno=\"gj.tif\"" );; line 44656 (wfb::location grenada "Caribbean, island in the Caribbean Sea, north of Trinidad and Tobago" );; line 44660 (wfb::map_references grenada "Central America and the Caribbean" );; line 44665 (wfb::area grenada total_area (* 340 sq_km) );; line 44670 (wfb::area grenada land_area (* 340 sq_km) );; line 44672 (wfb::area grenada comparative_area "slightly less than twice the size of Washington, DC" );; line 44674 (wfb::coastline grenada (* 121 km) );; line 44682 (wfb::maritime_claims grenada exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 44687 (wfb::maritime_claims grenada territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 44689 (wfb::international_disputes grenada "none" );; line 44693 (wfb::climate grenada "tropical" );; line 44697 (wfb::climate grenada "tempered by northeast trade winds" );; line 44697 (wfb::terrain grenada "volcanic in origin with central mountains" );; line 44701 (wfb::natural-resource grenada timber );; line 44705 (wfb::natural-resource grenada tropical_fruit );; line 44705 (wfb::natural-resource grenada deepwater_harbors );; line 44705 (wfb::land_use grenada arable_land (* 15 %) );; line 44710 (wfb::land_use grenada permanent_crops (* 26 %) );; line 44712 (wfb::land_use grenada meadows_and_pastures (* 3 %) );; line 44714 (wfb::land_use grenada forest_and_woodland (* 9 %) );; line 44716 (wfb::land_use grenada other (* 47 %) );; line 44718 (wfb::irrigated_land grenada (* n/a sq_km) );; line 44722 (wfb::environment grenada current_issues "NA" );; line 44727 (wfb::environment grenada natural_hazards "lies on edge of hurricane belt" );; line 44729 (wfb::environment grenada natural_hazards "hurricane season lasts from June to November" );; line 44729 (wfb::environment grenada international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Whaling" );; line 44732 (wfb::note grenada "the administration of the islands of the Grenadines group is divided between Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and Grenada" );; line 44737 (wfb::estimation-date population grenada date_jul_1995 );; line 44744 (wfb::population grenada 94486 );; line 44744 (wfb::age_structure grenada 0-14_years (* 43 %) );; line 44749 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex grenada 0-14_years female 20076 );; line 44749 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex grenada 0-14_years male 20824 );; line 44749 (wfb::age_structure grenada 15-64_years (* 52 %) );; line 44751 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex grenada 15-64_years female 23123 );; line 44751 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex grenada 15-64_years male 25828 );; line 44751 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure grenada 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 44753 (wfb::age_structure grenada 65_years_and_over (* 5 %) );; line 44753 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex grenada 65_years_and_over female 2514 );; line 44753 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex grenada 65_years_and_over male 2121 );; line 44753 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate grenada date_1995 );; line 44757 (wfb::population_growth_rate grenada (* 0.45 %) );; line 44757 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate grenada date_1995 );; line 44761 (wfb::birth_rate grenada (* 29.69 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 44761 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate grenada date_1995 );; line 44765 (wfb::death_rate grenada (* 5.95 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 44765 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate grenada date_1995 );; line 44769 (wfb::net_migration_rate grenada (* -19.24 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 44769 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate grenada date_1995 );; line 44773 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate grenada (* 12.1 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 44773 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth grenada total_population (* 70.67 years) );; line 44778 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth grenada male (* 68.2 years) );; line 44780 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth grenada female date_1995 );; line 44782 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth grenada female (* 73.17 years) );; line 44782 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate grenada date_1995 );; line 44786 (wfb::total_fertility_rate grenada (* 3.85 children_born/woman) );; line 44786 (wfb::nationality grenada noun "Grenadian(s)" );; line 44791 (wfb::nationality grenada adjective "Grenadian" );; line 44793 (wfb::ethnic-entity grenada black_african n/a );; line 44797 (wfb::religion grenada roman_catholic n/a );; line 44801 (wfb::religion grenada anglican n/a );; line 44801 (wfb::language grenada english n/a );; line 44805 (wfb::comment language grenada english "official" );; line 44805 (wfb::language grenada french_patois n/a );; line 44805 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition grenada date_1970 );; line 44809 (wfb::literacy-condition grenada "age 15 and over has ever attended school" );; line 44809 (wfb::literacy grenada total_population (* 98 %) );; line 44811 (wfb::literacy grenada male (* 98 %) );; line 44813 (wfb::literacy grenada female (* 98 %) );; line 44815 (wfb::total_labor_force grenada 36000 );; line 44819 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force grenada by_occupation date_1985 );; line 44821 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1985 );; line 44821 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation grenada services (* 31 %) );; line 44821 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation grenada agriculture (* 24 %) );; line 44821 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation grenada construction (* 8 %) );; line 44821 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation grenada manufacturing (* 5 %) );; line 44821 (wfb::names grenada conventional_short_form "Grenada" );; line 44830 (wfb::digraph grenada "GJ" );; line 44834 (wfb::type grenada "parliamentary democracy" );; line 44838 (wfb::capital grenada |Saint George's-grenada| );; line 44842 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_grenada_parishes "parishes" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 44846 (wfb::administrative_divisions grenada adm_div_grenada_parishes 6 );; line 44846 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_grenada_dependency "dependency" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 44846 (wfb::administrative_divisions grenada adm_div_grenada_dependency 1 );; line 44846 (wfb::administrative_division_of grenada adm_div_grenada_dependency "Carriacou and Petit Martinique" );; line 44846 (wfb::administrative_division_of grenada adm_div_grenada_parishes "Saint Andrew" );; line 44846 (wfb::administrative_division_of grenada adm_div_grenada_parishes "Saint David" );; line 44846 (wfb::administrative_division_of grenada adm_div_grenada_parishes "Saint George" );; line 44846 (wfb::administrative_division_of grenada adm_div_grenada_parishes "Saint John" );; line 44846 (wfb::administrative_division_of grenada adm_div_grenada_parishes "Saint Mark" );; line 44846 (wfb::administrative_division_of grenada adm_div_grenada_parishes "Saint Patrick" );; line 44846 (wfb::independence grenada date_7_feb_1974 "UK" );; line 44852 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1974 );; line 44856 (wfb::comment national_holiday grenada "1974" );; line 44856 (wfb::national_holiday grenada "Independence Day" date_7_feb );; line 44856 (wfb::constitution grenada "19 December 1973" );; line 44860 (wfb::legal_system grenada "based on English common law" );; line 44864 (wfb::comment suffrage grenada " universal" );; line 44868 (wfb::suffrage grenada (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 44868 (wfb::executive_branch grenada head_of_government "Prime Minister George BRIZAN " date_1_feb_1994 );; line 44876 (wfb::comment executive_branch grenada cabinet "appointed by the governor general on advice of the prime minister" );; line 44878 (wfb::executive_branch grenada cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 44878 (wfb::legislative_structure grenada bicameral "Parliament" );; line 44883 (wfb::legislative_branch grenada "Senate" "consists of a 13-member body, 10 appointed by the government and 3 by the Leader of the Opposition" );; line 44885 (wfb::legislative_branch grenada "House of Representatives" "elections last held on 13 March 1990 (next to be held by NA July 1995); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (15 total) NDC 7, GULP 4, TNP 2, NNP 2" );; line 44888 (wfb::judicial_branch grenada "Supreme Court" );; line 44894 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders grenada "National Democratic Congress (NDC), George BRIZAN; Grenada United Labor Party (GULP), Sir Eric GAIRY; The National Party (TNP), Ben JONES; New National Party (NNP), Keith MITCHELL; Maurice Bishop Patriotic Movement (MBPM), Terrence MARRYSHOW" );; line 44898 (wfb::member_of grenada acp );; line 44905 (wfb::member_of grenada c );; line 44905 (wfb::member_of grenada caricom );; line 44905 (wfb::member_of grenada cdb );; line 44905 (wfb::member_of grenada eclac );; line 44905 (wfb::member_of grenada fao );; line 44905 (wfb::member_of grenada g-77 );; line 44905 (wfb::member_of grenada gatt );; line 44905 (wfb::member_of grenada ibrd );; line 44905 (wfb::member_of grenada icao );; line 44905 (wfb::member_of grenada icftu );; line 44905 (wfb::member_of grenada icrm );; line 44905 (wfb::member_of grenada ida );; line 44905 (wfb::member_of grenada ifad );; line 44905 (wfb::member_of grenada ifc );; line 44905 (wfb::member_of grenada ifrcs );; line 44905 (wfb::member_of grenada ilo );; line 44905 (wfb::member_of grenada imf );; line 44905 (wfb::member_of grenada interpol );; line 44905 (wfb::member_of grenada ioc );; line 44905 (wfb::member_of grenada iso );; line 44905 (wfb::comment member_of grenada iso "subscriber" );; line 44905 (wfb::member_of grenada itu );; line 44905 (wfb::member_of grenada laes );; line 44905 (wfb::member_of grenada nam );; line 44905 (wfb::member_of grenada oas );; line 44905 (wfb::member_of grenada oecs );; line 44905 (wfb::member_of grenada opanal );; line 44905 (wfb::member_of grenada un );; line 44905 (wfb::member_of grenada unctad );; line 44905 (wfb::member_of grenada unesco );; line 44905 (wfb::member_of grenada unido );; line 44905 (wfb::member_of grenada upu );; line 44905 (wfb::member_of grenada wcl );; line 44905 (wfb::member_of grenada who );; line 44905 (wfb::member_of grenada wto );; line 44905 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us grenada chief_of_mission "Ambassador Denneth MODESTE" );; line 44912 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us grenada chancery "1701 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20009" );; line 44914 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us grenada telephone "[1] (202) 265-2561" );; line 44916 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation grenada chief_of_mission "(vacant); Charge d'Affaires Ollie P. ANDERSON, Jr." );; line 44921 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation grenada embassy "Point Salines, Saint George's" );; line 44923 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation grenada mailing_address "P. O. Box 54, Saint George's, Grenada, W.I." );; line 44925 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation grenada telephone "[1] (809) 444-1173 through 1178" );; line 44927 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation grenada fax "[1] (809) 444-4820" );; line 44929 (wfb::flag grenada "a rectangle divided diagonally into yellow triangles (top and bottom) and green triangles (hoist side and outer side) with a red border around the flag; there are seven yellow five-pointed stars with three centered in the top red border, three centered in the bottom red border, and one on a red disk superimposed at the center of the flag; there is also a symbolic nutmeg pod on the hoist-side triangle (Grenada is the world's second-largest producer of nutmeg, after Indonesia); the seven stars represent the seven administrative divisions" );; line 44933 (wfb::overview grenada "The economy is essentially agricultural and centers on the traditional production of spices and tropical plants. Agriculture accounts for about 15% of GDP and 80% of exports and employs 24% of the labor force. Tourism is the leading foreign exchange earner, followed by agricultural exports. Manufacturing remains relatively undeveloped, but is expected to grow, given a more favorable private investment climate since 1983. The economy achieved an impressive average annual growth rate of 5.5% in 1986-91 but has stalled since 1992. Unemployment remains high at about 25%." );; line 44945 (wfb::estimation-date national_product grenada date_1993 );; line 44956 (wfb::national_product grenada (* 258e6 $) );; line 44956 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate grenada date_1993 );; line 44960 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate grenada (* 0.5 %) );; line 44960 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita grenada date_1993 );; line 44964 (wfb::national_product_per_capita grenada (* 2750 $) );; line 44964 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| grenada "2.6% (1993 est.)" );; line 44968 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate grenada date_1994 );; line 44972 (wfb::unemployment_rate grenada (* 25 %) );; line 44972 (wfb::estimation-date budget grenada date_1993 );; line 44977 (wfb::estimation-date budget grenada revenues date_1993 );; line 44977 (wfb::budget grenada revenues (* 82.2e6 $) );; line 44977 (wfb::estimation-date budget grenada date_1993 );; line 44979 (wfb::budget grenada expenditures (* 74.3e6 $) );; line 44979 (wfb::budget grenada capital_expenditures (* 11.8e6 $) );; line 44979 (wfb::exports grenada (* 18.6e6 $) );; line 44984 (wfb::exports grenada commodities bananas n/a );; line 44986 (wfb::exports grenada commodities cocoa n/a );; line 44986 (wfb::exports grenada commodities nutmeg n/a );; line 44986 (wfb::exports grenada commodities fruit_and_vegetables n/a );; line 44986 (wfb::exports grenada commodities clothing-commodity n/a );; line 44986 (wfb::exports grenada commodities mace n/a );; line 44986 (wfb::exports grenada partners netherlands n/a );; line 44988 (wfb::exports grenada partners uk n/a );; line 44988 (wfb::exports grenada partners trinidad_and_tobago n/a );; line 44988 (wfb::exports grenada partners united_states n/a );; line 44988 (wfb::imports grenada (* 133.8e6 $) );; line 44992 (wfb::measurement-date imports grenada date_1989 );; line 44994 (wfb::imports grenada commodities food (* 25 %) );; line 44994 (wfb::imports grenada commodities manufactured_goods (* 22 %) );; line 44994 (wfb::imports grenada commodities machinery (* 20 %) );; line 44994 (wfb::imports grenada commodities chemicals-commodity (* 10 %) );; line 44994 (wfb::imports grenada commodities fuel (* 6 %) );; line 44994 (wfb::measurement-date imports grenada date_1989 );; line 44997 (wfb::imports grenada partners us (* 29 %) );; line 44997 (wfb::imports grenada partners uk n/a );; line 44997 (wfb::imports grenada partners trinidad_and_tobago n/a );; line 44997 (wfb::imports grenada partners japan n/a );; line 44997 (wfb::imports grenada partners canada n/a );; line 44997 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt grenada date_1993 );; line 45001 (wfb::external_debt grenada (* 89.9e6 $) );; line 45001 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1992 );; line 45005 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production grenada date_1992 );; line 45005 (wfb::industrial_production grenada growth_rate (* 1.8 %) );; line 45005 (wfb::industrial_production grenada accounts_for (* 9 %_of_gdp) );; line 45005 (wfb::electricity grenada capacity (* 12500 kw) );; line 45010 (wfb::electricity grenada production (* 60e6 kwh) );; line 45012 (wfb::measurement-date electricity grenada consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 45014 (wfb::electricity grenada consumption_per_capita (* 639 kwh) );; line 45014 (wfb::industry grenada food-industry );; line 45018 (wfb::industry grenada beverage );; line 45018 (wfb::industry grenada textile-industry );; line 45018 (wfb::industry grenada light_assembly_operations );; line 45018 (wfb::industry grenada tourism );; line 45018 (wfb::industry grenada construction-industry );; line 45018 (wfb::agriculture grenada "accounts for 14% of GDP and 80% of exports; bananas, cocoa, nutmeg, and mace account for two-thirds of total crop production; world's second-largest producer and fourth-largest exporter of nutmeg and mace; small-sized farms predominate, growing a variety of citrus fruits, avocados, root crops, sugarcane, corn, and vegetables" );; line 45023 (wfb::economic_aid grenada recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY84-89), $60 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $70 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $32 million" );; line 45032 (wfb::abbreviation ec_dollar "EC$" );; line 45038 (wfb::currency grenada ec_dollar 100 cents );; line 45038 (wfb::exchange_rates grenada "East Caribbean dollars (EC$) per US$1 - 2.70 (fixed rate since 1976)" );; line 45042 (wfb::fiscal_year grenada date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 45047 (wfb::railroads grenada "0 km" );; line 45052 (wfb::highways grenada total (* 1000 km) );; line 45057 (wfb::highways grenada paved (* 600 km) );; line 45059 (wfb::highways grenada unimproved_earth (* 100 km) );; line 45061 (wfb::port grenada grenville-grenada );; line 45065 (wfb::port grenada |Saint George's-grenada| );; line 45065 (wfb::merchant_marine grenada "none" );; line 45069 (wfb::airports grenada total 3 );; line 45074 (wfb::airports grenada |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 45076 (wfb::airports grenada |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 1 );; line 45078 (wfb::airports grenada with_paved_runways_under_914_m 1 );; line 45080 (wfb::telephone_system grenada "5,650 telephones; automatic, islandwide telephone system; new SHF radio links to the islands of Trinidad, Tobago, and Saint Vincent; VHF and UHF radio links to the islands of Trinidad and Carriacou" );; line 45085 (wfb::telephone_system grenada local "NA" );; line 45089 (wfb::telephone_system grenada intercity "NA" );; line 45091 (wfb::telephone_system grenada international "SHF, VHF, and UHF radio communications" );; line 45093 (wfb::radio grenada broadcast_stations am 1 );; line 45098 (wfb::radio grenada broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 45098 (wfb::radio grenada broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 45098 (wfb::radio grenada radios n/a );; line 45100 (wfb::television grenada broadcast_stations 1 );; line 45105 (wfb::television grenada televisions n/a );; line 45107 (wfb::defense_branch grenada royal_grenada_police_force_grenada );; line 45113 (wfb::defense_branch grenada coast_guard_grenada );; line 45113 (wfb::markup-parameter figure guadeloupe "graphno=\"gp.tif\"" );; line 45123 (wfb::header guadeloupe "(overseas department of France)" );; line 45123 (wfb::location guadeloupe "Caribbean, islands in the eastern Caribbean Sea, southeast of Puerto Rico" );; line 45128 (wfb::map_references guadeloupe "Central America and the Caribbean" );; line 45133 (wfb::area guadeloupe total_area (* 1780 sq_km) );; line 45138 (wfb::area guadeloupe land_area (* 1706 sq_km) );; line 45140 (wfb::area guadeloupe comparative_area "10 times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 45142 (wfb::comment area guadeloupe "Guadeloupe is an archipelago of nine inhabited islands, of which Basse-Terre, Grande-Terre, and Marie-Galante are the three largest" );; line 45144 (wfb::coastline guadeloupe (* 306 km) );; line 45153 (wfb::maritime_claims guadeloupe exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 45158 (wfb::maritime_claims guadeloupe territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 45160 (wfb::international_disputes guadeloupe "none" );; line 45164 (wfb::climate guadeloupe "subtropical tempered by trade winds" );; line 45168 (wfb::climate guadeloupe "relatively high humidity" );; line 45168 (wfb::terrain guadeloupe "Basse-Terre is volcanic in origin with interior mountains" );; line 45172 (wfb::terrain guadeloupe "Grand-Terre is low limestone formation" );; line 45172 (wfb::terrain guadeloupe "most of the seven other islands are volcanic in origin" );; line 45172 (wfb::natural-resource guadeloupe cultivable_land );; line 45178 (wfb::natural-resource guadeloupe beaches_and_climate_that_foster_tourism );; line 45178 (wfb::land_use guadeloupe arable_land (* 18 %) );; line 45183 (wfb::land_use guadeloupe permanent_crops (* 5 %) );; line 45185 (wfb::land_use guadeloupe meadows_and_pastures (* 13 %) );; line 45187 (wfb::land_use guadeloupe forest_and_woodland (* 40 %) );; line 45189 (wfb::land_use guadeloupe other (* 24 %) );; line 45191 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land guadeloupe date_1989 );; line 45195 (wfb::irrigated_land guadeloupe (* 30 sq_km) );; line 45195 (wfb::environment guadeloupe current_issues "NA" );; line 45200 (wfb::environment guadeloupe natural_hazards "hurricanes (June to October)" );; line 45202 (wfb::environment guadeloupe natural_hazards "La Soufriere is an active volcano" );; line 45202 (wfb::environment guadeloupe international_agreements "NA" );; line 45204 (wfb::estimation-date population guadeloupe date_jul_1995 );; line 45210 (wfb::population guadeloupe 402815 );; line 45210 (wfb::age_structure guadeloupe 0-14_years (* 26 %) );; line 45215 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex guadeloupe 0-14_years female 51069 );; line 45215 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex guadeloupe 0-14_years male 52922 );; line 45215 (wfb::age_structure guadeloupe 15-64_years (* 66 %) );; line 45217 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex guadeloupe 15-64_years female 134328 );; line 45217 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex guadeloupe 15-64_years male 130875 );; line 45217 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure guadeloupe 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 45219 (wfb::age_structure guadeloupe 65_years_and_over (* 8 %) );; line 45219 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex guadeloupe 65_years_and_over female 19318 );; line 45219 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex guadeloupe 65_years_and_over male 14303 );; line 45219 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate guadeloupe date_1995 );; line 45223 (wfb::population_growth_rate guadeloupe (* 1.24 %) );; line 45223 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate guadeloupe date_1995 );; line 45227 (wfb::birth_rate guadeloupe (* 18.15 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 45227 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate guadeloupe date_1995 );; line 45231 (wfb::death_rate guadeloupe (* 5.58 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 45231 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate guadeloupe date_1995 );; line 45235 (wfb::net_migration_rate guadeloupe (* -0.16 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 45235 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate guadeloupe date_1995 );; line 45239 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate guadeloupe (* 8.5 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 45239 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth guadeloupe total_population (* 77.2 years) );; line 45244 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth guadeloupe male (* 74.16 years) );; line 45246 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth guadeloupe female date_1995 );; line 45248 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth guadeloupe female (* 80.38 years) );; line 45248 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate guadeloupe date_1995 );; line 45252 (wfb::total_fertility_rate guadeloupe (* 1.95 children_born/woman) );; line 45252 (wfb::nationality guadeloupe noun "Guadeloupian(s)" );; line 45257 (wfb::nationality guadeloupe adjective "Guadeloupe" );; line 45259 (wfb::ethnic-entity guadeloupe black_or_mulatto (* 90 %) );; line 45263 (wfb::ethnic-entity guadeloupe white (* 5 %) );; line 45263 (wfb::ethnic-entity guadeloupe union9 (* 5 %) );; line 45263 (wfb::religion guadeloupe roman_catholic (* 95 %) );; line 45268 (wfb::religion guadeloupe hindu_and_pagan_african (* 5 %) );; line 45268 (wfb::language guadeloupe french n/a );; line 45272 (wfb::language guadeloupe creole_patois n/a );; line 45272 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition guadeloupe date_1982 );; line 45276 (wfb::literacy-condition guadeloupe "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 45276 (wfb::literacy guadeloupe total_population (* 90 %) );; line 45278 (wfb::literacy guadeloupe male (* 90 %) );; line 45280 (wfb::literacy guadeloupe female (* 90 %) );; line 45282 (wfb::total_labor_force guadeloupe 120000 );; line 45286 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation guadeloupe services n/a );; line 45288 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation guadeloupe government n/a );; line 45288 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation guadeloupe commerce (* 53.0 %) );; line 45288 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation guadeloupe industry (* 25.8 %) );; line 45288 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation guadeloupe agriculture (* 21.2 %) );; line 45288 (wfb::names guadeloupe conventional_long_form "Department of Guadeloupe" );; line 45295 (wfb::names guadeloupe conventional_short_form "Guadeloupe" );; line 45297 (wfb::names guadeloupe local_long_form "Departement de la Guadeloupe" );; line 45299 (wfb::names guadeloupe local_short_form "Guadeloupe" );; line 45301 (wfb::digraph guadeloupe "GP" );; line 45305 (wfb::type guadeloupe "overseas department of France" );; line 45309 (wfb::capital guadeloupe basse-terre-guadeloupe );; line 45313 (wfb::comment independence guadeloupe "overseas department of France" );; line 45321 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1789 );; line 45325 (wfb::comment national_holiday guadeloupe "1789" );; line 45325 (wfb::constitution guadeloupe "28 September 1958 (French Constitution)" );; line 45329 (wfb::legal_system guadeloupe "French legal system" );; line 45333 (wfb::comment suffrage guadeloupe " universal" );; line 45337 (wfb::suffrage guadeloupe (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 45337 (wfb::executive_branch guadeloupe chief_of_state "President Francois MITTERRAND " date_21_may_1981 );; line 45342 (wfb::comment executive_branch guadeloupe head_of_government "President of the General Council Dominique LARIFLA (since NA)" );; line 45344 (wfb::comment executive_branch guadeloupe head_of_government "President of the Regional Council Lucette MICHAUX-CHEVRY (since 22 March 1992)" );; line 45344 (wfb::executive_branch guadeloupe cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 45348 (wfb::legislative_structure guadeloupe unicameral "General Council and unicameral Regional Council" );; line 45352 (wfb::legislative_branch guadeloupe "General Council" "elections last held NA March 1992 (next to be held by NA 1996); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (43 total) FRUI.G 13, RPR/DUD 13, PPDG 8, FGPS 3, PCG 3, UPLG 1, PSG 1, independent 1" );; line 45354 (wfb::legislative_branch guadeloupe "Regional Council" "elections last held on 31 January 1993 (next to be held by 16 March 1998); results - RPR/DUD 48.30%, FGPS 17.09%, FRUI.G 7.44%, PPDG 8.90%, UPLG 7.75% PCG 6.05%; seats - (41 total) seats by party NA" );; line 45358 (wfb::legislative_branch guadeloupe "French Senate" "elections last held in September 1986 (next to be held September 1995); Guadeloupe elects two representatives; results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (2 total) PCG 1, FGPS 1" );; line 45362 (wfb::legislative_branch guadeloupe "French National Assembly" "elections last held on 21 and 28 March 1993 (next to be held March 1998); Guadeloupe elects four representatives; results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (4 total) FGPS 1, RPR 1, PPDG 1, independent 1" );; line 45366 (wfb::judicial_branch guadeloupe "Court of Appeal (Cour d'Appel) with jurisdiction over Guadeloupe, French Guiana, and Martinique" );; line 45372 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders guadeloupe "Rally for the Republic (RPR), Aldo BLAISE; Communist Party of Guadeloupe (PCG), Christian Medard CELESTE; Socialist Party (FGPS), Georges LOUISOR; Popular Union for the Liberation of Guadeloupe (UPLG), Lucien PERATIN; FGPS Dissidents (FRUI.G); Union for French Democracy (UDF), Simon BARLAGNE; Progressive Democratic Party (PPDG), Henri BANGOU" );; line 45377 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups guadeloupe "Popular Union for the Liberation of Guadeloupe (UPLG); Movement for Independent Guadeloupe (MPGI); General Union of Guadeloupe Workers (UGTG); General Federation of Guadeloupe Workers (CGT-G); Christian Movement for the Liberation of Guadeloupe (KLPG)" );; line 45385 (wfb::member_of guadeloupe fz );; line 45392 (wfb::member_of guadeloupe wcl );; line 45392 (wfb::member_of guadeloupe wftu );; line 45392 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us guadeloupe "none (overseas department of France)" );; line 45396 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation guadeloupe "none (overseas department of France)" );; line 45400 (wfb::flag guadeloupe "the flag of France is used" );; line 45404 (wfb::overview guadeloupe "The economy depends on agriculture, tourism, light industry, and services. It is also dependent upon France for large subsidies and imports. Tourism is a key industry, with most tourists from the US. In addition, an increasingly large number of cruise ships visit the islands. The traditionally important sugarcane crop is slowly being replaced by other crops, such as bananas (which now supply about 50% of export earnings), eggplant, and flowers. Other vegetables and root crops are cultivated for local consumption, although Guadeloupe is still dependent on imported food, which comes mainly from France. Light industry consists mostly of sugar and rum production. Most manufactured goods and fuel are imported. Unemployment is especially high among the young." );; line 45409 (wfb::estimation-date national_product guadeloupe date_1993 );; line 45423 (wfb::national_product guadeloupe (* 3.8e9 $) );; line 45423 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate guadeloupe (* n/a %) );; line 45427 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita guadeloupe date_1993 );; line 45431 (wfb::national_product_per_capita guadeloupe (* 9000 $) );; line 45431 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| guadeloupe "3.7% (1990)" );; line 45435 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate guadeloupe date_1990 );; line 45439 (wfb::unemployment_rate guadeloupe (* 31.3 %) );; line 45439 (wfb::budget guadeloupe revenues (* 400e6 $) );; line 45444 (wfb::measurement-date budget guadeloupe date_1989 );; line 45446 (wfb::budget guadeloupe expenditures (* 671e6 $) );; line 45446 (wfb::budget guadeloupe capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 45446 (wfb::exports guadeloupe (* 130e6 $) );; line 45450 (wfb::exports guadeloupe commodities bananas n/a );; line 45452 (wfb::exports guadeloupe commodities sugar-commodity n/a );; line 45452 (wfb::exports guadeloupe commodities rum n/a );; line 45452 (wfb::measurement-date exports guadeloupe date_1991 );; line 45454 (wfb::exports guadeloupe partners france (* 70 %) );; line 45454 (wfb::exports guadeloupe partners martinique (* 17 %) );; line 45454 (wfb::imports guadeloupe (* 1.5e9 $) );; line 45458 (wfb::imports guadeloupe commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 45460 (wfb::imports guadeloupe commodities fuels n/a );; line 45460 (wfb::imports guadeloupe commodities vehicles n/a );; line 45460 (wfb::imports guadeloupe commodities clothing_and_other_consumer_goods n/a );; line 45460 (wfb::imports guadeloupe commodities construction_materials n/a );; line 45460 (wfb::measurement-date imports guadeloupe date_1991 );; line 45463 (wfb::imports guadeloupe partners france (* 60 %) );; line 45463 (wfb::imports guadeloupe partners ec n/a );; line 45463 (wfb::imports guadeloupe partners us n/a );; line 45463 (wfb::imports guadeloupe partners japan n/a );; line 45463 (wfb::external_debt guadeloupe (* n/a $) );; line 45467 (wfb::industrial_production guadeloupe growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 45471 (wfb::electricity guadeloupe capacity (* 320000 kw) );; line 45476 (wfb::electricity guadeloupe production (* 650e6 kwh) );; line 45478 (wfb::measurement-date electricity guadeloupe consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 45480 (wfb::electricity guadeloupe consumption_per_capita (* 1421 kwh) );; line 45480 (wfb::industry guadeloupe construction-industry );; line 45484 (wfb::industry guadeloupe cement );; line 45484 (wfb::industry guadeloupe rum-industry );; line 45484 (wfb::industry guadeloupe sugar );; line 45484 (wfb::industry guadeloupe tourism );; line 45484 (wfb::agriculture guadeloupe "cash crops - bananas, sugarcane; other products include tropical fruits and vegetables; livestock - cattle, pigs, goats; not self-sufficient in food" );; line 45488 (wfb::economic_aid guadeloupe recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-88), $4 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $8.235 billion" );; line 45495 (wfb::abbreviation french_franc "F" );; line 45501 (wfb::currency guadeloupe french_franc 100 centimes );; line 45501 (wfb::exchange_rates guadeloupe "French francs (F) per US$1 - 5.9243 (January 1995), 5.5520 (1994), 5.6632 (1993), 5.2938 (1992), 5.6421 (1991), 5.4453 (1990)" );; line 45505 (wfb::fiscal_year guadeloupe date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 45510 (wfb::railroads guadeloupe total "NA km; privately owned, narrow-gauge plantation lines" );; line 45516 (wfb::highways guadeloupe total (* 1940 km) );; line 45521 (wfb::highways guadeloupe paved (* 1600 km) );; line 45523 (wfb::highways guadeloupe (union gravel earth ) (* 340 km) );; line 45525 (wfb::port guadeloupe basse-terre-guadeloupe );; line 45529 (wfb::port guadeloupe gustavia-guadeloupe );; line 45529 (wfb::port guadeloupe marigot-guadeloupe );; line 45529 (wfb::port guadeloupe pointe-a-pitre-guadeloupe );; line 45529 (wfb::merchant_marine guadeloupe "none" );; line 45533 (wfb::airports guadeloupe total 9 );; line 45538 (wfb::airports guadeloupe |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 45540 (wfb::airports guadeloupe |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 2 );; line 45542 (wfb::airports guadeloupe with_paved_runways_under_914_m 6 );; line 45544 (wfb::telephone_system guadeloupe "57,300 telephones; domestic facilities inadequate" );; line 45549 (wfb::telephone_system guadeloupe local "NA" );; line 45551 (wfb::telephone_system guadeloupe intercity "NA" );; line 45553 (wfb::telephone_system guadeloupe international "1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station; interisland microwave radio relay to Antigua and Barbuda, Dominica, and Martinique" );; line 45555 (wfb::radio guadeloupe broadcast_stations am 2 );; line 45561 (wfb::comment radio guadeloupe broadcast_stations fm "private stations licensed to broadcast FM 30" );; line 45561 (wfb::radio guadeloupe broadcast_stations fm 8 );; line 45561 (wfb::radio guadeloupe broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 45561 (wfb::radio guadeloupe radios n/a );; line 45564 (wfb::television guadeloupe broadcast_stations 9 );; line 45569 (wfb::television guadeloupe televisions n/a );; line 45571 (wfb::defense_branch guadeloupe french_forces_guadeloupe );; line 45577 (wfb::defense_branch guadeloupe gendarmerie_guadeloupe );; line 45577 (wfb::note guadeloupe "defense is responsibility of France" );; line 45581 (wfb::markup-parameter figure guam "graphno=\"gq.tif\"" );; line 45587 (wfb::header guam "(territory of the US)" );; line 45587 (wfb::location guam "Oceania, island in the North Pacific Ocean, about three-quarters of the way from Hawaii to the Philippines" );; line 45591 (wfb::map_references guam "Oceania" );; line 45596 (wfb::area guam total_area (* 541.3 sq_km) );; line 45601 (wfb::area guam land_area (* 541.3 sq_km) );; line 45603 (wfb::area guam comparative_area "slightly more than three times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 45605 (wfb::coastline guam (* 125.5 km) );; line 45613 (wfb::maritime_claims guam exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 45618 (wfb::maritime_claims guam territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 45620 (wfb::international_disputes guam "none" );; line 45624 (wfb::climate guam "tropical marine" );; line 45628 (wfb::climate guam "generally warm and humid, moderated by northeast trade winds" );; line 45628 (wfb::climate guam "dry season from January to June, rainy season from July to December" );; line 45628 (wfb::climate guam "little seasonal temperature variation" );; line 45628 (wfb::terrain guam "volcanic origin, surrounded by coral reefs" );; line 45634 (wfb::terrain guam "relatively flat coraline limestone plateau (source of most fresh water) with steep coastal cliffs and narrow coastal plains in north, low-rising hills in center, mountains in south" );; line 45634 (wfb::natural-resource guam |fishing (largely undeveloped)| );; line 45641 (wfb::natural-resource guam |tourism (especially from Japan)| );; line 45641 (wfb::land_use guam arable_land (* 11 %) );; line 45646 (wfb::land_use guam permanent_crops (* 11 %) );; line 45648 (wfb::land_use guam meadows_and_pastures (* 15 %) );; line 45650 (wfb::land_use guam forest_and_woodland (* 18 %) );; line 45652 (wfb::land_use guam other (* 45 %) );; line 45654 (wfb::irrigated_land guam (* n/a sq_km) );; line 45658 (wfb::environment guam current_issues "NA" );; line 45663 (wfb::environment guam natural_hazards "frequent squalls during rainy season" );; line 45665 (wfb::environment guam natural_hazards "relatively rare, but potentially very destructive typhoons (especially in August)" );; line 45665 (wfb::environment guam international_agreements "NA" );; line 45668 (wfb::note guam "largest and southernmost island in the Mariana Islands archipelago; strategic location in western North Pacific Ocean" );; line 45672 (wfb::estimation-date population guam date_jul_1995 );; line 45679 (wfb::population guam 153307 );; line 45679 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate guam date_1995 );; line 45692 (wfb::population_growth_rate guam (* 2.42 %) );; line 45692 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate guam date_1995 );; line 45696 (wfb::birth_rate guam (* 25.01 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 45696 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate guam date_1995 );; line 45700 (wfb::death_rate guam (* 3.86 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 45700 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate guam date_1995 );; line 45704 (wfb::net_migration_rate guam (* 3 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 45704 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate guam date_1995 );; line 45708 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate guam (* 15.17 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 45708 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth guam total_population (* 74.29 years) );; line 45713 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth guam male (* 72.42 years) );; line 45715 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth guam female date_1995 );; line 45717 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth guam female (* 76.13 years) );; line 45717 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate guam date_1995 );; line 45721 (wfb::total_fertility_rate guam (* 2.32 children_born/woman) );; line 45721 (wfb::nationality guam noun "Guamanian(s)" );; line 45726 (wfb::nationality guam adjective "Guamanian" );; line 45728 (wfb::ethnic-entity guam chamorro (* 47 %) );; line 45732 (wfb::ethnic-entity guam filipino (* 25 %) );; line 45732 (wfb::ethnic-entity guam caucasian (* 10 %) );; line 45732 (wfb::religion guam roman_catholic (* 98 %) );; line 45737 (wfb::language guam english n/a );; line 45741 (wfb::language guam chamorro-language-group n/a );; line 45741 (wfb::language guam japanese n/a );; line 45741 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition guam date_1990 );; line 45745 (wfb::literacy-condition guam "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 45745 (wfb::literacy guam total_population (* 99 %) );; line 45747 (wfb::literacy guam male (* 99 %) );; line 45749 (wfb::literacy guam female (* 99 %) );; line 45751 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force guam date_1990 );; line 45755 (wfb::total_labor_force guam 46930 );; line 45755 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force guam by_occupation date_1990 );; line 45757 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1990 );; line 45757 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation guam federal_and_territorial_government (* 40 %) );; line 45757 (wfb::comment labor_force_by_occupation guam "trade 18%, services 15.6%, construction 13.8%, other 12.6%" );; line 45757 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation guam private (* 60 %) );; line 45757 (wfb::names guam conventional_long_form "Territory of Guam" );; line 45764 (wfb::names guam conventional_short_form "Guam" );; line 45766 (wfb::digraph guam "GQ" );; line 45770 (wfb::type guam "organized, unincorporated territory of the US with policy relations between Guam and the US under the jurisdiction of the Office of Territorial and International Affairs, US Department of the Interior" );; line 45774 (wfb::capital guam agana-guam );; line 45780 (wfb::comment independence guam "territory of the US" );; line 45788 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1521 );; line 45792 (wfb::comment national_holiday guam "1521" );; line 45792 (wfb::national_holiday guam "Liberation Day" date_21_jul );; line 45792 (wfb::constitution guam "Organic Act of 1 August 1950" );; line 45797 (wfb::legal_system guam "modeled on US; federal laws apply" );; line 45801 (wfb::comment suffrage guam " universal; US citizens, but do not vote in US presidential elections" );; line 45805 (wfb::suffrage guam (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 45805 (wfb::comment executive_branch guam chief_of_state "Vice President Albert GORE, Jr. (since 20 January 1993)" );; line 45811 (wfb::executive_branch guam chief_of_state "President William Jefferson CLINTON " date_20_jan_1993 );; line 45811 (wfb::comment executive_branch guam head_of_government "Lieutenant Governor Madeleine BORDALLO (since 8 November 1994)" );; line 45814 (wfb::comment executive_branch guam head_of_government "election last held 8 November 1994 (next to be held NA November 1998)" );; line 45814 (wfb::comment executive_branch guam head_of_government "results - Carl GUTIERREZ (Democrat) was elected Governor and Madeleine BORDALLO (Democrat) was elected Lieutenant Governor" );; line 45814 (wfb::executive_branch guam head_of_government "Governor Carl GUTIERREZ " date_8_nov_1994 );; line 45814 (wfb::comment executive_branch guam cabinet "heads appointed by the governor with the consent of the Guam legislature" );; line 45820 (wfb::executive_branch guam cabinet "executive departments" );; line 45820 (wfb::legislative_structure guam unicameral n/a );; line 45825 (wfb::legislative_branch guam "Legislature" "elections last held 8 November 1994 (next to be held NA November 1996); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (21 total) Democrats 14, Republican 7" );; line 45827 (wfb::legislative_branch guam "US House of Representatives" "elections last held 8 November 1994 (next to be held NA November 1996); Guam elects one delegate; results - Robert UNDERWOOD was reelected as delegate; seats - (1 total) Democrat 1" );; line 45831 (wfb::judicial_branch guam "Federal District Court, Territorial Superior Court" );; line 45837 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders guam "Democratic Party (controls the legislature); Republican Party (party of the Governor)" );; line 45841 (wfb::member_of guam escap );; line 45846 (wfb::comment member_of guam escap "associate" );; line 45846 (wfb::member_of guam interpol );; line 45846 (wfb::comment member_of guam interpol "subbureau" );; line 45846 (wfb::member_of guam ioc );; line 45846 (wfb::member_of guam spc );; line 45846 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us guam "none (territory of the US)" );; line 45850 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation guam "none (territory of the US)" );; line 45854 (wfb::flag guam "territorial flag is dark blue with a narrow red border on all four sides; centered is a red-bordered, pointed, vertical ellipse containing a beach scene, outrigger canoe with sail, and a palm tree with the word GUAM superimposed in bold red letters; US flag is the national flag" );; line 45858 (wfb::overview guam "The economy depends mainly on US military spending and on revenues from tourism. Over the past 20 years the tourist industry has grown rapidly, creating a construction boom for new hotels and the expansion of older ones. Visitors numbered about 900,000 in 1992. The slowdown in Japanese economic growth has been reflected in less vigorous growth in the tourism sector. About 60% of the labor force works for the private sector and the rest for government. Most food and industrial goods are imported, with about 75% from the US. Guam faces the problem of building up the civilian economic sector to offset the impact of military downsizing." );; line 45866 (wfb::estimation-date national_product guam date_1991 );; line 45878 (wfb::national_product guam (* 2e9 $) );; line 45878 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate guam (* n/a %) );; line 45882 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita guam date_1991 );; line 45886 (wfb::national_product_per_capita guam (* 14000 $) );; line 45886 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| guam "4% (1992 est.)" );; line 45890 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate guam date_1992 );; line 45894 (wfb::unemployment_rate guam (* 2 %) );; line 45894 (wfb::budget guam revenues (* 525e6 $) );; line 45899 (wfb::measurement-date budget guam date_1991 );; line 45901 (wfb::budget guam expenditures (* 395e6 $) );; line 45901 (wfb::budget guam capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 45901 (wfb::exports guam (* 34e6 $) );; line 45905 (wfb::exports guam partners us (* 25 %) );; line 45910 (wfb::exports guam partners trust_territory_of_the_pacific_islands (* 63 %) );; line 45910 (wfb::imports guam (* 493e6 $) );; line 45914 (wfb::imports guam commodities petroleum_and_petroleum_products n/a );; line 45916 (wfb::imports guam commodities food n/a );; line 45916 (wfb::imports guam commodities manufactured_goods n/a );; line 45916 (wfb::imports guam partners us (* 23 %) );; line 45918 (wfb::imports guam partners japan (* 19 %) );; line 45918 (wfb::external_debt guam (* n/a $) );; line 45922 (wfb::industrial_production guam growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 45926 (wfb::electricity guam capacity (* 300000 kw) );; line 45931 (wfb::electricity guam production (* 750e6 kwh) );; line 45933 (wfb::measurement-date electricity guam consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 45935 (wfb::electricity guam consumption_per_capita (* 4797 kwh) );; line 45935 (wfb::industry guam us_military );; line 45939 (wfb::industry guam tourism );; line 45939 (wfb::industry guam construction-industry );; line 45939 (wfb::industry guam transshipment_services );; line 45939 (wfb::industry guam concrete_products );; line 45939 (wfb::industry guam printing );; line 45939 (wfb::industry guam publishing );; line 45939 (wfb::industry guam food_processing );; line 45939 (wfb::industry guam textiles );; line 45939 (wfb::agriculture guam "relatively undeveloped with most food imported; fruits, vegetables, eggs, pork, poultry, beef, copra" );; line 45944 (wfb::economic_aid guam "although Guam receives no foreign aid, it does receive large transfer payments from the general revenues of the US Federal Treasury into which Guamanians pay no income or excise taxes; under the provisions of a special law of Congress, the Guamanian Treasury, rather than the US Treasury, receives federal income taxes paid by military and civilian Federal employees stationed in Guam" );; line 45949 (wfb::abbreviation united_states_dollar "US$" );; line 45958 (wfb::currency guam united_states_dollar 100 cents );; line 45958 (wfb::exchange_rates guam "US currency is used" );; line 45962 (wfb::fiscal_year guam date_1_oct date_30_sep );; line 45966 (wfb::railroads guam "0 km" );; line 45971 (wfb::comment highways guam total "all-weather roads" );; line 45976 (wfb::port guam apra_harbor-guam );; line 45984 (wfb::merchant_marine guam "none" );; line 45988 (wfb::airports guam total 5 );; line 45993 (wfb::airports guam |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 2 );; line 45995 (wfb::airports guam |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 45997 (wfb::airports guam |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 1 );; line 45999 (wfb::airports guam with_paved_runways_under_914_m 1 );; line 46001 (wfb::telephone_system guam "26,317 telephones (1989)" );; line 46006 (wfb::telephone_system guam local "NA" );; line 46008 (wfb::telephone_system guam intercity "NA" );; line 46010 (wfb::telephone_system guam international "2 INTELSAT (Pacific Ocean) earth stations" );; line 46012 (wfb::radio guam broadcast_stations am 3 );; line 46017 (wfb::radio guam broadcast_stations fm 3 );; line 46017 (wfb::radio guam broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 46017 (wfb::radio guam radios n/a );; line 46019 (wfb::television guam broadcast_stations 3 );; line 46024 (wfb::television guam televisions n/a );; line 46026 (wfb::note guam "defense is the responsibility of the US" );; line 46032 (wfb::markup-parameter figure guatemala "graphno=\"gt.tif\"" );; line 46038 (wfb::location guatemala "Middle America, bordering the Caribbean Sea, between Honduras and Belize and bordering the North Pacific Ocean, between El Salvador and Mexico" );; line 46042 (wfb::map_references guatemala "Central America and the Caribbean" );; line 46047 (wfb::area guatemala total_area (* 108890 sq_km) );; line 46052 (wfb::area guatemala land_area (* 108430 sq_km) );; line 46054 (wfb::area guatemala comparative_area "slightly smaller than Tennessee" );; line 46056 (wfb::borders guatemala total (* 1687 km) );; line 46060 (wfb::borders guatemala belize (* 266 km) );; line 46060 (wfb::borders guatemala el_salvador (* 203 km) );; line 46060 (wfb::borders guatemala honduras (* 256 km) );; line 46060 (wfb::borders guatemala mexico (* 962 km) );; line 46060 (wfb::coastline guatemala (* 400 km) );; line 46065 (wfb::maritime_claims guatemala exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 46072 (wfb::maritime_claims guatemala territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 46074 (wfb::international_disputes guatemala "border with Belize in dispute" );; line 46078 (wfb::international_disputes guatemala "talks to resolve the dispute are stalled" );; line 46078 (wfb::climate guatemala "tropical" );; line 46083 (wfb::climate guatemala "hot, humid in lowlands" );; line 46083 (wfb::climate guatemala "cooler in highlands" );; line 46083 (wfb::terrain guatemala "mostly mountains with narrow coastal plains and rolling limestone plateau (Peten)" );; line 46087 (wfb::natural-resource guatemala petroleum );; line 46092 (wfb::natural-resource guatemala nickel );; line 46092 (wfb::natural-resource guatemala rare_woods );; line 46092 (wfb::natural-resource guatemala fish );; line 46092 (wfb::natural-resource guatemala chicle );; line 46092 (wfb::land_use guatemala arable_land (* 12 %) );; line 46097 (wfb::land_use guatemala permanent_crops (* 4 %) );; line 46099 (wfb::land_use guatemala meadows_and_pastures (* 12 %) );; line 46101 (wfb::land_use guatemala forest_and_woodland (* 40 %) );; line 46103 (wfb::land_use guatemala other (* 32 %) );; line 46105 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land guatemala date_1989 );; line 46109 (wfb::irrigated_land guatemala (* 780 sq_km) );; line 46109 (wfb::environment guatemala current_issues "deforestation" );; line 46114 (wfb::environment guatemala current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 46114 (wfb::environment guatemala current_issues "water pollution" );; line 46114 (wfb::environment guatemala natural_hazards "numerous volcanoes in mountains, with frequent violent earthquakes" );; line 46116 (wfb::environment guatemala natural_hazards "Caribbean coast subject to hurricanes and other tropical storms" );; line 46116 (wfb::environment guatemala international_agreements "party to - Antarctic Treaty, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands" );; line 46119 (wfb::environment guatemala international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea" );; line 46119 (wfb::note guatemala "no natural harbors on west coast" );; line 46126 (wfb::estimation-date population guatemala date_jul_1995 );; line 46132 (wfb::population guatemala 10998602 );; line 46132 (wfb::age_structure guatemala 0-14_years (* 43 %) );; line 46137 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex guatemala 0-14_years female 2324041 );; line 46137 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex guatemala 0-14_years male 2424686 );; line 46137 (wfb::age_structure guatemala 15-64_years (* 53 %) );; line 46139 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex guatemala 15-64_years female 2939170 );; line 46139 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex guatemala 15-64_years male 2934334 );; line 46139 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure guatemala 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 46141 (wfb::age_structure guatemala 65_years_and_over (* 4 %) );; line 46141 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex guatemala 65_years_and_over female 198807 );; line 46141 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex guatemala 65_years_and_over male 177564 );; line 46141 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate guatemala date_1995 );; line 46145 (wfb::population_growth_rate guatemala (* 2.53 %) );; line 46145 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate guatemala date_1995 );; line 46149 (wfb::birth_rate guatemala (* 34.65 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 46149 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate guatemala date_1995 );; line 46153 (wfb::death_rate guatemala (* 7.33 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 46153 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate guatemala date_1995 );; line 46157 (wfb::net_migration_rate guatemala (* -2.04 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 46157 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate guatemala date_1995 );; line 46161 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate guatemala (* 52.2 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 46161 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth guatemala total_population (* 64.85 years) );; line 46166 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth guatemala male (* 62.27 years) );; line 46168 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth guatemala female date_1995 );; line 46170 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth guatemala female (* 67.56 years) );; line 46170 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate guatemala date_1995 );; line 46174 (wfb::total_fertility_rate guatemala (* 4.63 children_born/woman) );; line 46174 (wfb::nationality guatemala noun "Guatemalan(s)" );; line 46179 (wfb::nationality guatemala adjective "Guatemalan" );; line 46181 (wfb::religion guatemala roman_catholic n/a );; line 46190 (wfb::religion guatemala protestant n/a );; line 46190 (wfb::religion guatemala traditional_mayan n/a );; line 46190 (wfb::language guatemala spanish-language-group (* 60 %) );; line 46194 (wfb::language guatemala indian_language (* 40 %) );; line 46194 (wfb::comment language guatemala indian_language "23 Indian dialects, including Quiche, Cakchiquel, Kekchi" );; line 46194 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition guatemala date_1990 );; line 46199 (wfb::literacy-condition guatemala "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 46199 (wfb::literacy guatemala total_population (* 55 %) );; line 46201 (wfb::literacy guatemala male (* 63 %) );; line 46203 (wfb::literacy guatemala female (* 47 %) );; line 46205 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force guatemala date_1994 );; line 46209 (wfb::total_labor_force guatemala 3.2e6 );; line 46209 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force guatemala by_occupation date_1985 );; line 46211 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1985 );; line 46211 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation guatemala agriculture (* 60 %) );; line 46211 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation guatemala services (* 13 %) );; line 46211 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation guatemala manufacturing (* 12 %) );; line 46211 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation guatemala commerce (* 7 %) );; line 46211 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation guatemala construction (* 4 %) );; line 46211 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation guatemala transport (* 3 %) );; line 46211 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation guatemala utilities (* 0.7 %) );; line 46211 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation guatemala mining-occupation-type (* 0.3 %) );; line 46211 (wfb::names guatemala conventional_long_form "Republic of Guatemala" );; line 46218 (wfb::names guatemala conventional_short_form "Guatemala" );; line 46220 (wfb::names guatemala local_long_form "Republica de Guatemala" );; line 46222 (wfb::names guatemala local_short_form "Guatemala" );; line 46224 (wfb::digraph guatemala "GT" );; line 46228 (wfb::type guatemala "republic" );; line 46232 (wfb::capital guatemala guatemala-guatemala );; line 46236 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_guatemala_departments "departments" "departamentos" "departamento" );; line 46240 (wfb::administrative_divisions guatemala adm_div_guatemala_departments 22 );; line 46240 (wfb::administrative_division_of guatemala adm_div_guatemala_departments "Alta Verapaz" );; line 46240 (wfb::administrative_division_of guatemala adm_div_guatemala_departments "Baja Verapaz" );; line 46240 (wfb::administrative_division_of guatemala adm_div_guatemala_departments "Chimaltenango" );; line 46240 (wfb::administrative_division_of guatemala adm_div_guatemala_departments "Chiquimula" );; line 46240 (wfb::administrative_division_of guatemala adm_div_guatemala_departments "El Progreso" );; line 46240 (wfb::administrative_division_of guatemala adm_div_guatemala_departments "Escuintla" );; line 46240 (wfb::administrative_division_of guatemala adm_div_guatemala_departments "Guatemala" );; line 46240 (wfb::administrative_division_of guatemala adm_div_guatemala_departments "Huehuetenango" );; line 46240 (wfb::administrative_division_of guatemala adm_div_guatemala_departments "Izabal" );; line 46240 (wfb::administrative_division_of guatemala adm_div_guatemala_departments "Jalapa" );; line 46240 (wfb::administrative_division_of guatemala adm_div_guatemala_departments "Jutiapa" );; line 46240 (wfb::administrative_division_of guatemala adm_div_guatemala_departments "Peten" );; line 46240 (wfb::administrative_division_of guatemala adm_div_guatemala_departments "Quetzaltenango" );; line 46240 (wfb::administrative_division_of guatemala adm_div_guatemala_departments "Quiche" );; line 46240 (wfb::administrative_division_of guatemala adm_div_guatemala_departments "Retalhuleu" );; line 46240 (wfb::administrative_division_of guatemala adm_div_guatemala_departments "Sacatepequez" );; line 46240 (wfb::administrative_division_of guatemala adm_div_guatemala_departments "San Marcos" );; line 46240 (wfb::administrative_division_of guatemala adm_div_guatemala_departments "Santa Rosa" );; line 46240 (wfb::administrative_division_of guatemala adm_div_guatemala_departments "Solola" );; line 46240 (wfb::administrative_division_of guatemala adm_div_guatemala_departments "Suchitepequez" );; line 46240 (wfb::administrative_division_of guatemala adm_div_guatemala_departments "Totonicapan" );; line 46240 (wfb::administrative_division_of guatemala adm_div_guatemala_departments "Zacapa" );; line 46240 (wfb::independence guatemala date_15_sep_1821 "Spain" );; line 46248 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1821 );; line 46252 (wfb::comment national_holiday guatemala "1821" );; line 46252 (wfb::national_holiday guatemala "Independence Day" date_15_sep );; line 46252 (wfb::constitution guatemala "31 May 1985, effective 14 January 1986" );; line 46256 (wfb::comment constitution guatemala "suspended 25 May 1993 by President SERRANO; reinstated 5 June 1993 following ouster of president" );; line 46258 (wfb::legal_system guatemala "civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 46263 (wfb::comment suffrage guatemala " universal" );; line 46268 (wfb::suffrage guatemala (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 46268 (wfb::comment executive_branch guatemala chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "Vice President Arturo HERBRUGER (since 18 June 1993)" );; line 46273 (wfb::comment executive_branch guatemala chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "election runoff held on 11 January 1991 (next to be held November 1995)" );; line 46273 (wfb::comment executive_branch guatemala chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "results - Jorge SERRANO Elias (MAS) 68.1%, Jorge CARPIO Nicolle (UCN) 31.9%" );; line 46273 (wfb::executive_branch guatemala chief_of_state "President Ramiro DE LEON Carpio " date_6_jun_1993 );; line 46273 (wfb::executive_branch guatemala head_of_government "President Ramiro DE LEON Carpio " date_6_jun_1993 );; line 46273 (wfb::comment executive_branch guatemala "President SERRANO resigned on 1 June 1993 shortly after dissolving Congress and the judiciary; on 6 June 1993, Ramiro DE LEON Carpio was chosen as the new president by a vote of Congress; he will finish off the remainder of SERRANO's term which expires 14 January 1996" );; line 46278 (wfb::comment executive_branch guatemala cabinet "named by the president" );; line 46283 (wfb::executive_branch guatemala cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 46283 (wfb::legislative_structure guatemala unicameral n/a );; line 46287 (wfb::legislative_branch guatemala "Congress of the Republic (Congreso de la Republica)" "by agreement of 11 November 1993, a special election was held on 14 August 1994 to select 80 new congressmen (next election to be held in November 1995 for full four year terms); results - percent of vote by party; FRG 40%, PAN 31.25%, DCG 15%, UCN 10%, MLN 2.5%, UD 1.25%; seats - (80 total) FRG 32, PAN 25, DCG 12, UCN 8, MLN 2, UD 1" );; line 46289 (wfb::comment legislative_branch guatemala "on 11 November 1993 the congress approved a procedure that would reduce its membership from 116 seats to 80; the procedure provided for a special election in mid-1994 to elect an interim congress of 80 members to serve until replaced in a general election in November 1995; the plan was approved in a general referendum in January 1994 and the special election was held on 14 August 1994" );; line 46295 (wfb::judicial_branch guatemala "Supreme Court of Justice (Corte Suprema de Justicia); additionally the Court of Constitutionality is presided over by the President of the Supreme Court" );; line 46304 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders guatemala "National Centrist Union (UCN), (vacant); Solidarity Action Movement (MAS), Oliverio GARCIA Rodas; Christian Democratic Party (DCG), Alfonso CABRERA Hidalgo; National Advancement Party (PAN), Alvaro ARZU Irigoyen; National Liberation Movement (MLN), Mario SANDOVAL Alarcon; Social Democratic Party (PSD), Mario SOLORZANO Martinez; Revolutionary Party (PR), Carlos CHAVARRIA Perez; Guatemalan Republican Front (FRG), Efrain RIOS Montt; Democratic Union (UD)" );; line 46310 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups guatemala "Coordinating Committee of Agricultural, Commercial, Industrial, and Financial Associations (CACIF); Mutual Support Group (GAM); Agrarian Owners Group (UNAGRO); Committee for Campesino Unity (CUC); leftist guerrilla movement known as Guatemalan National Revolutionary Union (URNG) has four main factions - Guerrilla army of the Poor (EGP); Revolutionary Organization of the People in Arms (ORPA); Rebel Armed Forces (FAR); Guatemalan Labor Party (PGT/O)" );; line 46320 (wfb::member_of guatemala bcie );; line 46330 (wfb::member_of guatemala cacm );; line 46330 (wfb::member_of guatemala ccc );; line 46330 (wfb::member_of guatemala eclac );; line 46330 (wfb::member_of guatemala fao );; line 46330 (wfb::member_of guatemala g-24 );; line 46330 (wfb::member_of guatemala g-77 );; line 46330 (wfb::member_of guatemala gatt );; line 46330 (wfb::member_of guatemala iadb );; line 46330 (wfb::member_of guatemala iaea );; line 46330 (wfb::member_of guatemala ibrd );; line 46330 (wfb::member_of guatemala icao );; line 46330 (wfb::member_of guatemala icftu );; line 46330 (wfb::member_of guatemala icrm );; line 46330 (wfb::member_of guatemala ida );; line 46330 (wfb::member_of guatemala ifad );; line 46330 (wfb::member_of guatemala ifc );; line 46330 (wfb::member_of guatemala ifrcs );; line 46330 (wfb::member_of guatemala ilo );; line 46330 (wfb::member_of guatemala imf );; line 46330 (wfb::member_of guatemala imo );; line 46330 (wfb::member_of guatemala intelsat );; line 46330 (wfb::member_of guatemala interpol );; line 46330 (wfb::member_of guatemala ioc );; line 46330 (wfb::member_of guatemala iom );; line 46330 (wfb::member_of guatemala itu );; line 46330 (wfb::member_of guatemala laes );; line 46330 (wfb::member_of guatemala laia );; line 46330 (wfb::comment member_of guatemala laia "observer" );; line 46330 (wfb::member_of guatemala nam );; line 46330 (wfb::member_of guatemala oas );; line 46330 (wfb::member_of guatemala opanal );; line 46330 (wfb::member_of guatemala pca );; line 46330 (wfb::member_of guatemala un );; line 46330 (wfb::member_of guatemala unctad );; line 46330 (wfb::member_of guatemala unesco );; line 46330 (wfb::member_of guatemala unido );; line 46330 (wfb::member_of guatemala unu );; line 46330 (wfb::member_of guatemala upu );; line 46330 (wfb::member_of guatemala wcl );; line 46330 (wfb::member_of guatemala wftu );; line 46330 (wfb::member_of guatemala who );; line 46330 (wfb::member_of guatemala wipo );; line 46330 (wfb::member_of guatemala wmo );; line 46330 (wfb::member_of guatemala wto );; line 46330 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us guatemala chief_of_mission "Ambassador Edmond MULET" );; line 46338 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us guatemala chancery "2220 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 46340 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us guatemala telephone "[1] (202) 745-4952 through 4954" );; line 46342 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us guatemala fax "[1] (202) 745-1908" );; line 46344 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us guatemala |consulate(s) general| "Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New York, and San Francisco" );; line 46346 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation guatemala chief_of_mission "Ambassador Marilyn McAFEE" );; line 46352 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation guatemala embassy "7-01 Avenida de la Reforma, Zone 10, Guatemala City" );; line 46354 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation guatemala mailing_address "APO AA 34024" );; line 46356 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation guatemala telephone "[502] (2) 311541" );; line 46358 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation guatemala fax "[502] (2) 318885" );; line 46360 (wfb::flag guatemala "three equal vertical bands of light blue (hoist side), white, and light blue with the coat of arms centered in the white band; the coat of arms includes a green and red quetzal (the national bird) and a scroll bearing the inscription LIBERTAD 15 DE SEPTIEMBRE DE 1821 (the original date of independence from Spain) all superimposed on a pair of crossed rifles and a pair of crossed swords and framed by a wreath" );; line 46364 (wfb::overview guatemala "The economy is based on family and corporate agriculture, which accounts for 25% of GDP, employs about 60% of the labor force, and supplies two-thirds of exports. Manufacturing, predominantly in private hands, accounts for about 15% of GDP and 12% of the labor force. In both 1990 and 1991, the economy grew by 3%, the fourth and fifth consecutive years of mild growth. In 1992 growth picked up to almost 5% as government policies favoring competition and foreign trade and investment took stronger hold. In 1993-94, despite political unrest, this momentum continued, foreign investment held up, and annual growth was 4%." );; line 46374 (wfb::estimation-date national_product guatemala date_1994 );; line 46386 (wfb::national_product guatemala (* 33e9 $) );; line 46386 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate guatemala date_1994 );; line 46390 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate guatemala (* 4 %) );; line 46390 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita guatemala date_1994 );; line 46394 (wfb::national_product_per_capita guatemala (* 3080 $) );; line 46394 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| guatemala "12% (1994 est.)" );; line 46398 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate guatemala date_1994 );; line 46402 (wfb::measurement-date budget guatemala date_1990 );; line 46407 (wfb::measurement-date budget guatemala revenues date_1990 );; line 46407 (wfb::budget guatemala revenues (* 604e6 $) );; line 46407 (wfb::measurement-date budget guatemala date_1990 );; line 46409 (wfb::budget guatemala expenditures (* 808e6 $) );; line 46409 (wfb::budget guatemala capital_expenditures (* 134e6 $) );; line 46409 (wfb::exports guatemala (* 1.38e9 $) );; line 46414 (wfb::exports guatemala commodities coffee n/a );; line 46416 (wfb::exports guatemala commodities sugar-commodity n/a );; line 46416 (wfb::exports guatemala commodities bananas n/a );; line 46416 (wfb::exports guatemala commodities cardamon n/a );; line 46416 (wfb::exports guatemala commodities beef n/a );; line 46416 (wfb::exports guatemala partners us (* 30 %) );; line 46418 (wfb::exports guatemala partners el_salvador n/a );; line 46418 (wfb::exports guatemala partners costa_rica n/a );; line 46418 (wfb::exports guatemala partners germany n/a );; line 46418 (wfb::exports guatemala partners honduras n/a );; line 46418 (wfb::imports guatemala (* 2.6e9 $) );; line 46422 (wfb::imports guatemala commodities fuel_and_petroleum_products n/a );; line 46424 (wfb::imports guatemala commodities machinery n/a );; line 46424 (wfb::imports guatemala commodities grain n/a );; line 46424 (wfb::imports guatemala commodities fertilizers-commodity n/a );; line 46424 (wfb::imports guatemala commodities motor_vehicles-commodity n/a );; line 46424 (wfb::imports guatemala partners us (* 44 %) );; line 46427 (wfb::imports guatemala partners mexico n/a );; line 46427 (wfb::imports guatemala partners venezuela n/a );; line 46427 (wfb::imports guatemala partners japan n/a );; line 46427 (wfb::imports guatemala partners germany n/a );; line 46427 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt guatemala date_1992 );; line 46431 (wfb::external_debt guatemala (* 2.2e9 $) );; line 46431 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1991 );; line 46435 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production guatemala date_1991 );; line 46435 (wfb::industrial_production guatemala growth_rate (* 1.9 %) );; line 46435 (wfb::industrial_production guatemala accounts_for (* 18 %_of_gdp) );; line 46435 (wfb::electricity guatemala capacity (* 700000 kw) );; line 46440 (wfb::electricity guatemala production (* 2.3e9 kwh) );; line 46442 (wfb::measurement-date electricity guatemala consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 46444 (wfb::electricity guatemala consumption_per_capita (* 211 kwh) );; line 46444 (wfb::industry guatemala sugar );; line 46448 (wfb::industry guatemala textiles );; line 46448 (wfb::industry guatemala clothing );; line 46448 (wfb::industry guatemala furniture );; line 46448 (wfb::industry guatemala chemicals );; line 46448 (wfb::industry guatemala petroleum-industry );; line 46448 (wfb::industry guatemala metals-industry );; line 46448 (wfb::industry guatemala rubber-industry );; line 46448 (wfb::industry guatemala tourism );; line 46448 (wfb::agriculture guatemala "accounts for 25% of GDP; most important sector of economy; contributes two-thirds of export earnings; principal crops - sugarcane, corn, bananas, coffee, beans, cardamom; livestock - cattle, sheep, pigs, chickens; food importer" );; line 46453 (wfb::illicit_drugs guatemala "transit country for cocaine shipments; illicit producer of opium poppy and cannabis for the international drug trade; the government has an active eradication program for cannabis and opium poppy" );; line 46460 (wfb::economic_aid guatemala recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-90), $1.1 billion; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $7.92 billion" );; line 46467 (wfb::abbreviation quetzal "Q" );; line 46472 (wfb::currency guatemala quetzal 100 centavos );; line 46472 (wfb::exchange_rates guatemala "free market quetzales (Q) per US$1 - 5.7372 (January 1995), 5.7512 (1994), 5,6354 (1993), 5.1706 (1992), 5.0289 (1991), 4.4858 (1990); note - black-market rate 2.800 (May 1989)" );; line 46476 (wfb::fiscal_year guatemala date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 46482 (wfb::railroads guatemala total "1,019 km (102 km privately owned)" );; line 46488 (wfb::railroads guatemala narrow_gauge "1,019 km 0.914-m gauge (single track)" );; line 46490 (wfb::highways guatemala total (* 26429 km) );; line 46495 (wfb::highways guatemala paved (* 2868 km) );; line 46497 (wfb::highways guatemala gravel (* 11421 km) );; line 46499 (wfb::highways guatemala unimproved_earth (* 12140 km) );; line 46499 (wfb::inland_waterways guatemala "260 km navigable year round; additional 730 km navigable during high-water season" );; line 46503 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 275 km) );; line 46508 (wfb::port guatemala champerico-guatemala );; line 46512 (wfb::port guatemala puerto_barrios-guatemala );; line 46512 (wfb::port guatemala puerto_quetzal-guatemala );; line 46512 (wfb::port guatemala san_jose-guatemala );; line 46512 (wfb::merchant_marine guatemala "none" );; line 46517 (wfb::airports guatemala total 528 );; line 46522 (wfb::airports guatemala |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 46524 (wfb::airports guatemala |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 46526 (wfb::airports guatemala |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 2 );; line 46528 (wfb::airports guatemala |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 5 );; line 46530 (wfb::airports guatemala with_paved_runways_under_914_m 360 );; line 46532 (wfb::airports guatemala |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 46534 (wfb::airports guatemala |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 12 );; line 46536 (wfb::airports guatemala |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 146 );; line 46538 (wfb::telephone_system guatemala "97,670 telephones; fairly modern network centered in the city of Guatemala" );; line 46543 (wfb::telephone_system guatemala local "NA" );; line 46546 (wfb::telephone_system guatemala intercity "NA" );; line 46548 (wfb::telephone_system guatemala international "connection into Central American Microwave System; 1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station" );; line 46550 (wfb::radio guatemala broadcast_stations am 91 );; line 46556 (wfb::radio guatemala broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 46556 (wfb::radio guatemala broadcast_stations shortwave 15 );; line 46556 (wfb::radio guatemala radios n/a );; line 46558 (wfb::television guatemala broadcast_stations 25 );; line 46563 (wfb::television guatemala televisions n/a );; line 46565 (wfb::defense_branch guatemala army_guatemala );; line 46571 (wfb::defense_branch guatemala navy_guatemala );; line 46571 (wfb::defense_branch guatemala air_force_guatemala );; line 46571 (wfb::manpower_availability guatemala "males age 15-49 2,574,501; males fit for military service 1,683,028; males reach military age (18) annually 123,715 (1995 est.)" );; line 46575 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures guatemala date_1993 );; line 46580 (wfb::defense_expenditures guatemala (* 121e6 $) );; line 46580 (wfb::defense_expenditures guatemala (* 1 %_of_gdp) );; line 46580 (wfb::markup-parameter figure guernsey "graphno=\"gk.tif\"" );; line 46586 (wfb::header guernsey "(British crown dependency)" );; line 46586 (wfb::location guernsey "Western Europe, islands in the English Channel, northwest of France" );; line 46590 (wfb::map_references guernsey "Europe" );; line 46595 (wfb::area guernsey total_area (* 194 sq_km) );; line 46600 (wfb::area guernsey land_area (* 194 sq_km) );; line 46602 (wfb::area guernsey comparative_area "slightly larger than Washington, DC" );; line 46604 (wfb::comment area guernsey "includes Alderney, Guernsey, Herm, Sark, and some other smaller islands" );; line 46606 (wfb::coastline guernsey (* 50 km) );; line 46615 (wfb::maritime_claims guernsey exclusive_fishing_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 46620 (wfb::maritime_claims guernsey territorial_sea (* 3 nm) );; line 46622 (wfb::international_disputes guernsey "none" );; line 46626 (wfb::climate guernsey "temperate with mild winters and cool summers" );; line 46630 (wfb::climate guernsey "about 50% of days are overcast" );; line 46630 (wfb::terrain guernsey "mostly level with low hills in southwest" );; line 46635 (wfb::natural-resource guernsey cropland );; line 46639 (wfb::land_use guernsey arable_land (* n/a %) );; line 46644 (wfb::land_use guernsey permanent_crops (* n/a %) );; line 46646 (wfb::land_use guernsey meadows_and_pastures (* n/a %) );; line 46648 (wfb::land_use guernsey forest_and_woodland (* n/a %) );; line 46650 (wfb::land_use guernsey other (* n/a %) );; line 46652 (wfb::irrigated_land guernsey (* n/a sq_km) );; line 46656 (wfb::environment guernsey current_issues "NA" );; line 46661 (wfb::environment guernsey natural_hazards "NA" );; line 46663 (wfb::environment guernsey international_agreements "NA" );; line 46665 (wfb::note guernsey "large, deepwater harbor at Saint Peter Port" );; line 46669 (wfb::estimation-date population guernsey date_jul_1995 );; line 46675 (wfb::population guernsey 64353 );; line 46675 (wfb::age_structure guernsey 0-14_years (* 18 %) );; line 46680 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex guernsey 0-14_years female 5664 );; line 46680 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex guernsey 0-14_years male 5892 );; line 46680 (wfb::age_structure guernsey 15-64_years (* 66 %) );; line 46682 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex guernsey 15-64_years female 21574 );; line 46682 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex guernsey 15-64_years male 21030 );; line 46682 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure guernsey 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 46684 (wfb::age_structure guernsey 65_years_and_over (* 16 %) );; line 46684 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex guernsey 65_years_and_over female 6059 );; line 46684 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex guernsey 65_years_and_over male 4134 );; line 46684 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate guernsey date_1995 );; line 46688 (wfb::population_growth_rate guernsey (* 0.98 %) );; line 46688 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate guernsey date_1995 );; line 46692 (wfb::birth_rate guernsey (* 13.29 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 46692 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate guernsey date_1995 );; line 46696 (wfb::death_rate guernsey (* 9.93 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 46696 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate guernsey date_1995 );; line 46700 (wfb::net_migration_rate guernsey (* 6.4 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 46700 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate guernsey date_1995 );; line 46704 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate guernsey (* 6.4 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 46704 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth guernsey total_population (* 78.34 years) );; line 46709 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth guernsey male (* 75.63 years) );; line 46711 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth guernsey female date_1995 );; line 46713 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth guernsey female (* 81.07 years) );; line 46713 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate guernsey date_1995 );; line 46717 (wfb::total_fertility_rate guernsey (* 1.7 children_born/woman) );; line 46717 (wfb::nationality guernsey noun "Channel Islander(s)" );; line 46722 (wfb::nationality guernsey adjective "Channel Islander" );; line 46724 (wfb::ethnic-entity guernsey uk_and_norman-french_descent n/a );; line 46728 (wfb::religion guernsey anglican n/a );; line 46732 (wfb::religion guernsey roman_catholic n/a );; line 46732 (wfb::religion guernsey presbyterian n/a );; line 46732 (wfb::religion guernsey baptist n/a );; line 46732 (wfb::religion guernsey congregational n/a );; line 46732 (wfb::religion guernsey methodist n/a );; line 46732 (wfb::language guernsey english n/a );; line 46737 (wfb::language guernsey french n/a );; line 46737 (wfb::language guernsey norman-french_dialect_spoken_in_country_districts n/a );; line 46737 (wfb::literacy-condition guernsey "NA%" );; line 46742 (wfb::total_labor_force guernsey n/a );; line 46746 (wfb::names guernsey conventional_long_form "Bailiwick of Guernsey" );; line 46752 (wfb::names guernsey conventional_short_form "Guernsey" );; line 46754 (wfb::digraph guernsey "GK" );; line 46758 (wfb::type guernsey "British crown dependency" );; line 46762 (wfb::capital guernsey saint_peter_port-guernsey );; line 46766 (wfb::comment independence guernsey "British crown dependency" );; line 46774 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1945 );; line 46778 (wfb::comment national_holiday guernsey "1945" );; line 46778 (wfb::national_holiday guernsey "Liberation Day" date_9_may );; line 46778 (wfb::constitution guernsey "unwritten; partly statutes, partly common law and practice" );; line 46782 (wfb::legal_system guernsey "English law and local statute; justice is administered by the Royal Court" );; line 46786 (wfb::comment suffrage guernsey " universal" );; line 46791 (wfb::suffrage guernsey (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 46791 (wfb::executive_branch guernsey chief_of_state "Queen ELIZABETH II " date_6_feb_1952 );; line 46796 (wfb::comment executive_branch guernsey head_of_government "Bailiff Mr. Graham Martyn DOREY (since February 1992)" );; line 46798 (wfb::comment executive_branch guernsey cabinet "appointed by the States" );; line 46802 (wfb::executive_branch guernsey cabinet "Advisory and Finance Committee (other committees)" );; line 46802 (wfb::legislative_structure guernsey unicameral n/a );; line 46807 (wfb::legislative_branch guernsey "Assembly of the States" "elections last held NA (next to be held NA); results - no percent of vote by party since all are independents; seats - (60 total, 33 elected), all independents" );; line 46809 (wfb::judicial_branch guernsey "Royal Court" );; line 46815 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders guernsey "none; all independents" );; line 46819 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us guernsey "none (British crown dependency)" );; line 46827 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation guernsey "none (British crown dependency)" );; line 46831 (wfb::flag guernsey "white with the red cross of Saint George (patron saint of England) extending to the edges of the flag" );; line 46835 (wfb::overview guernsey "Financial services account for more than 50% of total income. Tourism, manufacturing, and horticulture, mainly tomatoes and cut flowers, have been declining. Bank profits (1992) registered a record 26% growth. Fund management and insurance are the two other major income generators. Per capita output and living standards are somewhat lower than the levels of the less affluent EU countries." );; line 46841 (wfb::measurement-date national_product_real_growth_rate guernsey date_1987 );; line 46854 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate guernsey (* 9 %) );; line 46854 (wfb::national_product_per_capita guernsey (* n/a $) );; line 46858 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| guernsey "7% (1988)" );; line 46862 (wfb::unemployment_rate guernsey (* n/a %) );; line 46866 (wfb::budget guernsey revenues (* 208.9e6 $) );; line 46871 (wfb::measurement-date budget guernsey date_1988 );; line 46873 (wfb::budget guernsey expenditures (* 173.9e6 $) );; line 46873 (wfb::budget guernsey capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 46873 (wfb::exports guernsey (* n/a $) );; line 46877 (wfb::exports guernsey commodities tomatoes n/a );; line 46879 (wfb::exports guernsey commodities flowers_and_ferns n/a );; line 46879 (wfb::exports guernsey commodities sweet_peppers n/a );; line 46879 (wfb::exports guernsey commodities eggplant n/a );; line 46879 (wfb::comment exports guernsey partners "regarded as internal trade" );; line 46882 (wfb::imports guernsey (* n/a $) );; line 46886 (wfb::imports guernsey commodities coal-commodity n/a );; line 46888 (wfb::imports guernsey commodities gasoline n/a );; line 46888 (wfb::imports guernsey commodities oil-commodity n/a );; line 46888 (wfb::comment imports guernsey partners "regarded as internal trade" );; line 46890 (wfb::external_debt guernsey (* n/a $) );; line 46894 (wfb::industrial_production guernsey growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 46898 (wfb::electricity guernsey capacity (* 173000 kw) );; line 46903 (wfb::electricity guernsey production (* 525e6 kwh) );; line 46905 (wfb::measurement-date electricity guernsey consumption_per_capita date_1992 );; line 46907 (wfb::electricity guernsey consumption_per_capita (* 9060 kwh) );; line 46907 (wfb::industry guernsey tourism );; line 46911 (wfb::industry guernsey banking );; line 46911 (wfb::agriculture guernsey "tomatoes, flowers (mostly grown in greenhouses), sweet peppers, eggplant, other vegetables, fruit; Guernsey cattle" );; line 46915 (wfb::economic_aid guernsey "none" );; line 46920 (wfb::abbreviation |Guernsey (#G) pound| "n/a" );; line 46924 (wfb::currency guernsey |Guernsey (#G) pound| 100 pence );; line 46924 (wfb::exchange_rates guernsey "Guernsey pounds (#G) per US$1 - 0.6350 (January 1995), 0.6529 (1994), 0.6658 (1993), 0.5664 (1992), 0.5652 (1991), 0.5603 (1990); note - the Guernsey pound is at par with the British pound" );; line 46928 (wfb::fiscal_year guernsey date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 46934 (wfb::railroads guernsey "0 km" );; line 46939 (wfb::port guernsey saint_peter_port-guernsey );; line 46952 (wfb::port guernsey saint_sampson-guernsey );; line 46952 (wfb::merchant_marine guernsey "none" );; line 46956 (wfb::airports guernsey total 2 );; line 46961 (wfb::airports guernsey |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 46963 (wfb::airports guernsey with_paved_runways_under_914_m 1 );; line 46965 (wfb::telephone_system guernsey "41,900 telephones" );; line 46970 (wfb::telephone_system guernsey local "NA" );; line 46972 (wfb::telephone_system guernsey intercity "NA" );; line 46974 (wfb::telephone_system guernsey international "1 submarine cable" );; line 46976 (wfb::radio guernsey broadcast_stations am 1 );; line 46981 (wfb::radio guernsey broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 46981 (wfb::radio guernsey broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 46981 (wfb::radio guernsey radios n/a );; line 46983 (wfb::television guernsey broadcast_stations 1 );; line 46988 (wfb::television guernsey televisions n/a );; line 46990 (wfb::note guernsey "defense is the responsibility of the UK" );; line 46996 (wfb::markup-parameter figure guinea "graphno=\"gv.tif\"" );; line 47002 (wfb::location guinea "Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Guinea-Bissau and Sierra Leone" );; line 47006 (wfb::map_references guinea "Africa" );; line 47011 (wfb::area guinea total_area (* 245860 sq_km) );; line 47016 (wfb::area guinea land_area (* 245860 sq_km) );; line 47018 (wfb::area guinea comparative_area "slightly smaller than Oregon" );; line 47020 (wfb::borders guinea total (* 3399 km) );; line 47024 (wfb::borders guinea guinea-bissau (* 386 km) );; line 47024 (wfb::borders guinea |Cote d'Ivoire| (* 610 km) );; line 47024 (wfb::borders guinea liberia (* 563 km) );; line 47024 (wfb::borders guinea mali (* 858 km) );; line 47024 (wfb::borders guinea senegal (* 330 km) );; line 47024 (wfb::borders guinea sierra_leone (* 652 km) );; line 47024 (wfb::coastline guinea (* 320 km) );; line 47029 (wfb::maritime_claims guinea exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 47034 (wfb::maritime_claims guinea territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 47036 (wfb::international_disputes guinea "none" );; line 47040 (wfb::climate guinea "generally hot and humid" );; line 47044 (wfb::climate guinea "monsoonal-type rainy season (June to November) with southwesterly winds" );; line 47044 (wfb::climate guinea "dry season (December to May) with northeasterly harmattan winds" );; line 47044 (wfb::terrain guinea "generally flat coastal plain, hilly to mountainous interior" );; line 47050 (wfb::natural-resource guinea bauxite );; line 47054 (wfb::natural-resource guinea iron_ore );; line 47054 (wfb::natural-resource guinea diamonds );; line 47054 (wfb::natural-resource guinea gold );; line 47054 (wfb::natural-resource guinea uranium );; line 47054 (wfb::natural-resource guinea hydropower-natural-resource );; line 47054 (wfb::natural-resource guinea fish );; line 47054 (wfb::land_use guinea arable_land (* 6 %) );; line 47059 (wfb::land_use guinea permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 47061 (wfb::land_use guinea meadows_and_pastures (* 12 %) );; line 47063 (wfb::land_use guinea forest_and_woodland (* 42 %) );; line 47065 (wfb::land_use guinea other (* 40 %) );; line 47067 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land guinea date_1989 );; line 47071 (wfb::irrigated_land guinea (* 240 sq_km) );; line 47071 (wfb::environment guinea current_issues "deforestation" );; line 47076 (wfb::environment guinea current_issues "inadequate supplies of potable water" );; line 47076 (wfb::environment guinea current_issues "desertification" );; line 47076 (wfb::environment guinea current_issues "soil contamination and erosion" );; line 47076 (wfb::environment guinea current_issues "overfishing" );; line 47076 (wfb::environment guinea natural_hazards "hot, dry, dusty harmattan haze may reduce visibility during dry season" );; line 47079 (wfb::environment guinea international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands" );; line 47082 (wfb::environment guinea international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Desertification" );; line 47082 (wfb::estimation-date population guinea date_jul_1995 );; line 47090 (wfb::population guinea 6549336 );; line 47090 (wfb::age_structure guinea 0-14_years (* 44 %) );; line 47095 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex guinea 0-14_years female 1450501 );; line 47095 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex guinea 0-14_years male 1448164 );; line 47095 (wfb::age_structure guinea 15-64_years (* 53 %) );; line 47097 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex guinea 15-64_years female 1784420 );; line 47097 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex guinea 15-64_years male 1691502 );; line 47097 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure guinea 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 47099 (wfb::age_structure guinea 65_years_and_over (* 3 %) );; line 47099 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex guinea 65_years_and_over female 102735 );; line 47099 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex guinea 65_years_and_over male 72014 );; line 47099 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate guinea date_1995 );; line 47103 (wfb::population_growth_rate guinea (* 2.43 %) );; line 47103 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate guinea date_1995 );; line 47107 (wfb::birth_rate guinea (* 43.43 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 47107 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate guinea date_1995 );; line 47111 (wfb::death_rate guinea (* 19.13 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 47111 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate guinea date_1995 );; line 47115 (wfb::net_migration_rate guinea (* n/a |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 47115 (wfb::comment net_migration_rate guinea "Guinea has received about 400,000 refugees from the civil wars in Liberia and Sierra Leone; the continued fighting in Sierra Leone will likely drive more refugees into Guinea in 1995; on the other hand, peace may be achieved in Liberia and permit Liberian refugees to return home" );; line 47117 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate guinea date_1995 );; line 47124 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate guinea (* 136.6 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 47124 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth guinea total_population (* 44.6 years) );; line 47129 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth guinea male (* 42.31 years) );; line 47131 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth guinea female date_1995 );; line 47133 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth guinea female (* 46.95 years) );; line 47133 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate guinea date_1995 );; line 47137 (wfb::total_fertility_rate guinea (* 5.79 children_born/woman) );; line 47137 (wfb::nationality guinea noun "Guinean(s)" );; line 47142 (wfb::nationality guinea adjective "Guinean" );; line 47144 (wfb::ethnic-entity guinea peuhl (* 40 %) );; line 47148 (wfb::ethnic-entity guinea malinke (* 30 %) );; line 47148 (wfb::ethnic-entity guinea soussou (* 20 %) );; line 47148 (wfb::ethnic-entity guinea smaller_tribes (* 10 %) );; line 47148 (wfb::religion guinea muslim (* 85 %) );; line 47152 (wfb::religion guinea christian (* 8 %) );; line 47152 (wfb::religion guinea indigenous_beliefs (* 7 %) );; line 47152 (wfb::language guinea french n/a );; line 47156 (wfb::comment language guinea french "official" );; line 47156 (wfb::language guinea each_tribe_has_its_own_language n/a );; line 47156 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition guinea date_1990 );; line 47160 (wfb::literacy-condition guinea "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 47160 (wfb::literacy guinea total_population (* 24 %) );; line 47162 (wfb::literacy guinea male (* 35 %) );; line 47164 (wfb::literacy guinea female (* 13 %) );; line 47166 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force guinea date_1983 );; line 47170 (wfb::total_labor_force guinea 2.4e6 );; line 47170 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation guinea agriculture (* 80.0 %) );; line 47172 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation guinea industry_and_commerce (* 11.0 %) );; line 47172 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation guinea services (* 5.4 %) );; line 47172 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation guinea civil_servants (* 3.6 %) );; line 47172 (wfb::names guinea conventional_long_form "Republic of Guinea" );; line 47179 (wfb::names guinea conventional_short_form "Guinea" );; line 47181 (wfb::names guinea local_long_form "Republique de Guinee" );; line 47183 (wfb::names guinea local_short_form "Guinee" );; line 47185 (wfb::names guinea former "French Guinea" );; line 47187 (wfb::digraph guinea "GV" );; line 47191 (wfb::type guinea "republic" );; line 47195 (wfb::capital guinea conakry-guinea );; line 47199 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_guinea_administrative_regions "administrative regions" "regions administratives" "region administrative" );; line 47203 (wfb::administrative_divisions guinea adm_div_guinea_administrative_regions 33 );; line 47203 (wfb::administrative_division_of guinea adm_div_guinea_administrative_regions "Beyla" );; line 47203 (wfb::administrative_division_of guinea adm_div_guinea_administrative_regions "Boffa" );; line 47203 (wfb::administrative_division_of guinea adm_div_guinea_administrative_regions "Boke" );; line 47203 (wfb::administrative_division_of guinea adm_div_guinea_administrative_regions "Conakry" );; line 47203 (wfb::administrative_division_of guinea adm_div_guinea_administrative_regions "Coyah" );; line 47203 (wfb::administrative_division_of guinea adm_div_guinea_administrative_regions "Dabola" );; line 47203 (wfb::administrative_division_of guinea adm_div_guinea_administrative_regions "Dalaba" );; line 47203 (wfb::administrative_division_of guinea adm_div_guinea_administrative_regions "Dinguiraye" );; line 47203 (wfb::administrative_division_of guinea adm_div_guinea_administrative_regions "Faranah" );; line 47203 (wfb::administrative_division_of guinea adm_div_guinea_administrative_regions "Forecariah" );; line 47203 (wfb::administrative_division_of guinea adm_div_guinea_administrative_regions "Fria" );; line 47203 (wfb::administrative_division_of guinea adm_div_guinea_administrative_regions "Gaoual" );; line 47203 (wfb::administrative_division_of guinea adm_div_guinea_administrative_regions "Gueckedou" );; line 47203 (wfb::administrative_division_of guinea adm_div_guinea_administrative_regions "Kankan" );; line 47203 (wfb::administrative_division_of guinea adm_div_guinea_administrative_regions "Kerouane" );; line 47203 (wfb::administrative_division_of guinea adm_div_guinea_administrative_regions "Kindia" );; line 47203 (wfb::administrative_division_of guinea adm_div_guinea_administrative_regions "Kissidougou" );; line 47203 (wfb::administrative_division_of guinea adm_div_guinea_administrative_regions "Koubia" );; line 47203 (wfb::administrative_division_of guinea adm_div_guinea_administrative_regions "Koundara" );; line 47203 (wfb::administrative_division_of guinea adm_div_guinea_administrative_regions "Kouroussa" );; line 47203 (wfb::administrative_division_of guinea adm_div_guinea_administrative_regions "Labe" );; line 47203 (wfb::administrative_division_of guinea adm_div_guinea_administrative_regions "Lelouma" );; line 47203 (wfb::administrative_division_of guinea adm_div_guinea_administrative_regions "Lola" );; line 47203 (wfb::administrative_division_of guinea adm_div_guinea_administrative_regions "Macenta" );; line 47203 (wfb::administrative_division_of guinea adm_div_guinea_administrative_regions "Mali" );; line 47203 (wfb::administrative_division_of guinea adm_div_guinea_administrative_regions "Mamou" );; line 47203 (wfb::administrative_division_of guinea adm_div_guinea_administrative_regions "Mandiana" );; line 47203 (wfb::administrative_division_of guinea adm_div_guinea_administrative_regions "Nzerekore" );; line 47203 (wfb::administrative_division_of guinea adm_div_guinea_administrative_regions "Pita" );; line 47203 (wfb::administrative_division_of guinea adm_div_guinea_administrative_regions "Siguiri" );; line 47203 (wfb::administrative_division_of guinea adm_div_guinea_administrative_regions "Telimele" );; line 47203 (wfb::administrative_division_of guinea adm_div_guinea_administrative_regions "Tougue" );; line 47203 (wfb::administrative_division_of guinea adm_div_guinea_administrative_regions "Yomou" );; line 47203 (wfb::independence guinea date_2_oct_1958 "France" );; line 47211 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1984 );; line 47215 (wfb::comment national_holiday guinea "1984" );; line 47215 (wfb::national_holiday guinea "Anniversary of the Second Republic" date_3_apr );; line 47215 (wfb::constitution guinea "23 December 1990 (Loi Fundamentale)" );; line 47219 (wfb::legal_system guinea "based on French civil law system, customary law, and decree; legal codes currently being revised; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 47223 (wfb::comment suffrage guinea " universal" );; line 47228 (wfb::suffrage guinea (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 47228 (wfb::comment executive_branch guinea chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "prior to the election he had ruled as head of military government since 5 April 1984" );; line 47233 (wfb::executive_branch guinea chief_of_state "President Lansana CONTE, elected in the first multi-party election 19 December 1993" n/a );; line 47233 (wfb::executive_branch guinea head_of_government "President Lansana CONTE, elected in the first multi-party election 19 December 1993" n/a );; line 47233 (wfb::comment executive_branch guinea cabinet "appointed by the president" );; line 47237 (wfb::executive_branch guinea cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 47237 (wfb::legislative_structure guinea unicameral n/a );; line 47241 (wfb::legislative_branch guinea "People's National Assembly (Assemblee Nationale Populaire)" "the People's National Assembly was dissolved after the 3 April 1984 coup; framework established in December 1991 for a new National Assembly with 114 seats; legislative elections, tentatively scheduled for 1994, were not held and are now rescheduled for 11 June 1995" );; line 47243 (wfb::judicial_branch guinea "Court of Appeal (Cour d'Appel)" );; line 47250 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders guinea "political parties were legalized on 1 April 1992" );; line 47254 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders guinea pro-government "Party for Unity and Progress (PUP)" );; line 47256 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders guinea other "Rally for the Guinean People (RPG), Alpha CONDE; Union for a New Republic (UNR), Mamadou BAH; Party for Renewal and Progress (PRP), Siradiou DIALLO; Movement of Patriotic Democrats (MDP), Ahmed Tidiane CISSE" );; line 47258 (wfb::member_of guinea acct );; line 47264 (wfb::member_of guinea acp );; line 47264 (wfb::member_of guinea afdb );; line 47264 (wfb::member_of guinea ccc );; line 47264 (wfb::member_of guinea ceao );; line 47264 (wfb::comment member_of guinea ceao "observer" );; line 47264 (wfb::member_of guinea eca );; line 47264 (wfb::member_of guinea ecowas );; line 47264 (wfb::member_of guinea fao );; line 47264 (wfb::member_of guinea g-77 );; line 47264 (wfb::member_of guinea ibrd );; line 47264 (wfb::member_of guinea icao );; line 47264 (wfb::member_of guinea icrm );; line 47264 (wfb::member_of guinea ida );; line 47264 (wfb::member_of guinea idb );; line 47264 (wfb::member_of guinea ifad );; line 47264 (wfb::member_of guinea ifc );; line 47264 (wfb::member_of guinea ifrcs );; line 47264 (wfb::member_of guinea ilo );; line 47264 (wfb::member_of guinea imf );; line 47264 (wfb::member_of guinea imo );; line 47264 (wfb::member_of guinea intelsat );; line 47264 (wfb::member_of guinea interpol );; line 47264 (wfb::member_of guinea ioc );; line 47264 (wfb::member_of guinea itu );; line 47264 (wfb::member_of guinea minurso );; line 47264 (wfb::member_of guinea nam );; line 47264 (wfb::member_of guinea oau );; line 47264 (wfb::member_of guinea oic );; line 47264 (wfb::member_of guinea un );; line 47264 (wfb::member_of guinea unctad );; line 47264 (wfb::member_of guinea unesco );; line 47264 (wfb::member_of guinea unido );; line 47264 (wfb::member_of guinea upu );; line 47264 (wfb::member_of guinea wcl );; line 47264 (wfb::member_of guinea wftu );; line 47264 (wfb::member_of guinea who );; line 47264 (wfb::member_of guinea wipo );; line 47264 (wfb::member_of guinea wmo );; line 47264 (wfb::member_of guinea wto );; line 47264 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us guinea chief_of_mission "Ambassador Elhadj Boubacar BARRY" );; line 47272 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us guinea chancery "2112 Leroy Place NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 47274 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us guinea telephone "[1] (202) 483-9420" );; line 47276 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us guinea fax "[1] (202) 483-8688" );; line 47278 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation guinea chief_of_mission "Ambassador Joseph A. SALOOM III" );; line 47283 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation guinea embassy "2nd Boulevard and 9th Avenue, Conakry" );; line 47285 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation guinea mailing_address "B. P. 603, Conakry" );; line 47287 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation guinea telephone "[224] 44 15 20 through 44 15 23" );; line 47289 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation guinea fax "[224] 44 15 22" );; line 47291 (wfb::flag guinea "three equal vertical bands of red (hoist side), yellow, and green; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia; similar to the flag of Rwanda, which has a large black letter R centered in the yellow band" );; line 47295 (wfb::overview guinea "Although possessing major mineral and hydropower resources and considerable potential for agricultural development, Guinea remains one of the poorest countries in the world. The agricultural sector contributes about 40% to GDP and employs 80% of the work force, while industry accounts for 27% of GDP. Guinea possesses over 25% of the world's bauxite reserves. The mining sector accounted for 85% of exports in 1991. Long-run improvements in literacy, financial institutions, and the legal framework are needed if the country is to move out of poverty. Except in the bauxite industry, foreign investment remains minimal." );; line 47302 (wfb::estimation-date national_product guinea date_1994 );; line 47314 (wfb::national_product guinea (* 6.3e9 $) );; line 47314 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate guinea date_1994 );; line 47318 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate guinea (* 0.8 %) );; line 47318 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita guinea date_1994 );; line 47322 (wfb::national_product_per_capita guinea (* 980 $) );; line 47322 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| guinea "16.6% (1992 est.)" );; line 47326 (wfb::unemployment_rate guinea (* n/a %) );; line 47330 (wfb::budget guinea revenues (* 449e6 $) );; line 47335 (wfb::estimation-date budget guinea date_1990 );; line 47337 (wfb::budget guinea expenditures (* 708e6 $) );; line 47337 (wfb::budget guinea capital_expenditures (* 361e6 $) );; line 47337 (wfb::exports guinea (* 622e6 $) );; line 47342 (wfb::exports guinea commodities bauxite-commodity n/a );; line 47344 (wfb::exports guinea commodities alumina-commodity n/a );; line 47344 (wfb::exports guinea commodities diamonds-commodity n/a );; line 47344 (wfb::exports guinea commodities gold-commodity n/a );; line 47344 (wfb::exports guinea commodities coffee n/a );; line 47344 (wfb::exports guinea commodities pineapples n/a );; line 47344 (wfb::exports guinea commodities bananas n/a );; line 47344 (wfb::exports guinea commodities palm_kernels n/a );; line 47344 (wfb::exports guinea partners us (* 23 %) );; line 47347 (wfb::exports guinea partners belgium (* 12 %) );; line 47347 (wfb::exports guinea partners ireland (* 12 %) );; line 47347 (wfb::exports guinea partners spain (* 12 %) );; line 47347 (wfb::imports guinea (* 768e6 $) );; line 47351 (wfb::imports guinea commodities petroleum_products-commodity n/a );; line 47353 (wfb::imports guinea commodities metals n/a );; line 47353 (wfb::imports guinea commodities machinery n/a );; line 47353 (wfb::imports guinea commodities transport_equipment n/a );; line 47353 (wfb::imports guinea commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 47353 (wfb::imports guinea commodities textiles-commodity n/a );; line 47353 (wfb::imports guinea partners france (* 26 %) );; line 47356 (wfb::imports guinea partners |Cote d'Ivoire| (* 12 %) );; line 47356 (wfb::imports guinea partners hong_kong (* 6 %) );; line 47356 (wfb::imports guinea partners germany (* 6 %) );; line 47356 (wfb::industrial_production guinea growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 47364 (wfb::industrial_production guinea accounts_for (* 27 %_of_gdp) );; line 47364 (wfb::electricity guinea capacity (* 180000 kw) );; line 47369 (wfb::electricity guinea production (* 520e6 kwh) );; line 47371 (wfb::measurement-date electricity guinea consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 47373 (wfb::electricity guinea consumption_per_capita (* 77 kwh) );; line 47373 (wfb::industry guinea mining_-_bauxite );; line 47377 (wfb::industry guinea gold-industry );; line 47377 (wfb::industry guinea diamonds-industry );; line 47377 (wfb::industry guinea alumina_refining );; line 47377 (wfb::industry guinea light_manufacturing_and_agricultural_processing_industries );; line 47377 (wfb::agriculture guinea "accounts for 40% of GDP (includes fishing and forestry); mostly subsistence farming; principal products - rice, coffee, pineapples, palm kernels, cassava, bananas, sweet potatoes, timber; livestock - cattle, sheep and goats; not self-sufficient in food grains" );; line 47382 (wfb::economic_aid guinea recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $227 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $1.465 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $120 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $446 million" );; line 47390 (wfb::abbreviation guinean_franc "FG" );; line 47397 (wfb::currency guinea guinean_franc 100 centimes );; line 47397 (wfb::exchange_rates guinea "Guinean francs (FG) per US$1 - 810.94 (1 July 1993), 922.9 (30 September 1992), 675 (1990), 618 (1989), 515 (1988), 440 (1987), 383 (1986)" );; line 47401 (wfb::fiscal_year guinea date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 47406 (wfb::railroads guinea total "1,048 km" );; line 47412 (wfb::railroads guinea standard_gauge "241 km 1.435-m gauge" );; line 47414 (wfb::railroads guinea narrow_gauge "807 km 1.000-m gauge" );; line 47416 (wfb::highways guinea total (* 30100 km) );; line 47421 (wfb::highways guinea paved (* 1145 km) );; line 47423 (wfb::measurement-date highways guinea date_1987 );; line 47425 (wfb::comment highways guinea "of which barely 4,500 are currently all-weather roads" );; line 47425 (wfb::highways guinea (union gravel crushed_stone ) (* 12955 km) );; line 47425 (wfb::highways guinea unimproved_earth (* 16000 km) );; line 47425 (wfb::inland_waterways guinea "1,295 km navigable by shallow-draft native craft" );; line 47430 (wfb::port guinea boke-guinea );; line 47434 (wfb::port guinea conakry-guinea );; line 47434 (wfb::port guinea kamsar-guinea );; line 47434 (wfb::merchant_marine guinea "none" );; line 47438 (wfb::airports guinea total 15 );; line 47443 (wfb::airports guinea |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 47445 (wfb::airports guinea |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 2 );; line 47447 (wfb::airports guinea |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 1 );; line 47449 (wfb::airports guinea with_paved_runways_under_914_m 1 );; line 47451 (wfb::airports guinea |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 7 );; line 47453 (wfb::airports guinea |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 3 );; line 47455 (wfb::telephone_system guinea "15,000 telephones; poor to fair system of open-wire lines, small radiocommunication stations, and new radio relay system" );; line 47460 (wfb::telephone_system guinea local "NA" );; line 47463 (wfb::telephone_system guinea intercity "microwave radio relay and radio communication stations" );; line 47465 (wfb::telephone_system guinea international "1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station" );; line 47467 (wfb::radio guinea broadcast_stations am 3 );; line 47472 (wfb::radio guinea broadcast_stations fm 1 );; line 47472 (wfb::radio guinea broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 47472 (wfb::radio guinea radios 200000 );; line 47474 (wfb::television guinea broadcast_stations 1 );; line 47479 (wfb::television guinea televisions 65000 );; line 47481 (wfb::defense_branch guinea army_guinea );; line 47487 (wfb::comment defense_branch guinea navy_guinea "acts primarily as a coast guard" );; line 47487 (wfb::defense_branch guinea navy_guinea );; line 47487 (wfb::defense_branch guinea air_force_guinea );; line 47487 (wfb::defense_branch guinea republican_guard_guinea );; line 47487 (wfb::defense_branch guinea presidential_guard_guinea );; line 47487 (wfb::defense_branch guinea paramilitary_national_gendarmerie_guinea );; line 47487 (wfb::comment defense_branch guinea national_police_force_guinea "Surete National" );; line 47487 (wfb::defense_branch guinea national_police_force_guinea );; line 47487 (wfb::manpower_availability guinea "males age 15-49 1,478,653; males fit for military service 745,990 (1995 est.)" );; line 47493 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures guinea date_1994 );; line 47498 (wfb::defense_expenditures guinea (* 50e6 $) );; line 47498 (wfb::defense_expenditures guinea (* 1.6 %_of_gdp) );; line 47498 (wfb::markup-parameter figure guinea-bissau "graphno=\"pu.tif\"" );; line 47504 (wfb::location guinea-bissau "Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Guinea and Senegal" );; line 47508 (wfb::map_references guinea-bissau "Africa" );; line 47513 (wfb::area guinea-bissau total_area (* 36120 sq_km) );; line 47518 (wfb::area guinea-bissau land_area (* 28000 sq_km) );; line 47520 (wfb::area guinea-bissau comparative_area "slightly less than three times the size of Connecticut" );; line 47522 (wfb::borders guinea-bissau total (* 724 km) );; line 47526 (wfb::borders guinea-bissau guinea (* 386 km) );; line 47526 (wfb::borders guinea-bissau senegal (* 338 km) );; line 47526 (wfb::coastline guinea-bissau (* 350 km) );; line 47530 (wfb::maritime_claims guinea-bissau exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 47535 (wfb::maritime_claims guinea-bissau territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 47537 (wfb::international_disputes guinea-bissau "none" );; line 47541 (wfb::climate guinea-bissau "tropical" );; line 47545 (wfb::climate guinea-bissau "generally hot and humid" );; line 47545 (wfb::climate guinea-bissau "monsoonal-type rainy season (June to November) with southwesterly winds" );; line 47545 (wfb::climate guinea-bissau "dry season (December to May) with northeasterly harmattan winds" );; line 47545 (wfb::terrain guinea-bissau "mostly low coastal plain rising to savanna in east" );; line 47551 (wfb::natural-resource guinea-bissau unexploited_deposits_of_petroleum );; line 47555 (wfb::natural-resource guinea-bissau bauxite );; line 47555 (wfb::natural-resource guinea-bissau phosphates );; line 47555 (wfb::natural-resource guinea-bissau fish );; line 47555 (wfb::natural-resource guinea-bissau timber );; line 47555 (wfb::land_use guinea-bissau arable_land (* 11 %) );; line 47561 (wfb::land_use guinea-bissau permanent_crops (* 1 %) );; line 47563 (wfb::land_use guinea-bissau meadows_and_pastures (* 43 %) );; line 47565 (wfb::land_use guinea-bissau forest_and_woodland (* 38 %) );; line 47567 (wfb::land_use guinea-bissau other (* 7 %) );; line 47569 (wfb::irrigated_land guinea-bissau (* n/a sq_km) );; line 47573 (wfb::environment guinea-bissau current_issues "deforestation" );; line 47578 (wfb::environment guinea-bissau current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 47578 (wfb::environment guinea-bissau current_issues "overgrazing" );; line 47578 (wfb::environment guinea-bissau current_issues "overfishing" );; line 47578 (wfb::environment guinea-bissau natural_hazards "hot, dry, dusty harmattan haze may reduce visibility during dry season" );; line 47580 (wfb::environment guinea-bissau natural_hazards "brush fires" );; line 47580 (wfb::environment guinea-bissau international_agreements "party to - Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Wetlands" );; line 47583 (wfb::environment guinea-bissau international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification" );; line 47583 (wfb::estimation-date population guinea-bissau date_jul_1995 );; line 47591 (wfb::population guinea-bissau 1124537 );; line 47591 (wfb::age_structure guinea-bissau 0-14_years (* 43 %) );; line 47596 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex guinea-bissau 0-14_years female 242518 );; line 47596 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex guinea-bissau 0-14_years male 243093 );; line 47596 (wfb::age_structure guinea-bissau 15-64_years (* 54 %) );; line 47598 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex guinea-bissau 15-64_years female 320987 );; line 47598 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex guinea-bissau 15-64_years male 286308 );; line 47598 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure guinea-bissau 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 47600 (wfb::age_structure guinea-bissau 65_years_and_over (* 3 %) );; line 47600 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex guinea-bissau 65_years_and_over female 16129 );; line 47600 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex guinea-bissau 65_years_and_over male 15502 );; line 47600 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate guinea-bissau date_1995 );; line 47604 (wfb::population_growth_rate guinea-bissau (* 2.36 %) );; line 47604 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate guinea-bissau date_1995 );; line 47608 (wfb::birth_rate guinea-bissau (* 40.24 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 47608 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate guinea-bissau date_1995 );; line 47612 (wfb::death_rate guinea-bissau (* 16.62 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 47612 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate guinea-bissau date_1995 );; line 47616 (wfb::net_migration_rate guinea-bissau (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 47616 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate guinea-bissau date_1995 );; line 47620 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate guinea-bissau (* 117.9 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 47620 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth guinea-bissau total_population (* 47.87 years) );; line 47625 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth guinea-bissau male (* 46.21 years) );; line 47627 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth guinea-bissau female date_1995 );; line 47629 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth guinea-bissau female (* 49.57 years) );; line 47629 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate guinea-bissau date_1995 );; line 47633 (wfb::total_fertility_rate guinea-bissau (* 5.43 children_born/woman) );; line 47633 (wfb::nationality guinea-bissau noun "Guinea-Bissauan(s)" );; line 47638 (wfb::nationality guinea-bissau adjective "Guinea-Bissauan" );; line 47640 (wfb::comment ethnic-entity "Balanta 30%, Fula 20%, Manjaca 14%, Mandinga 13%, Papel 7%" );; line 47644 (wfb::ethnic-entity guinea-bissau african (* 99 %) );; line 47644 (wfb::ethnic-entity guinea-bissau european_and_mulatto_less_than (* 1 %) );; line 47644 (wfb::religion guinea-bissau indigenous_beliefs (* 65 %) );; line 47649 (wfb::religion guinea-bissau muslim (* 30 %) );; line 47649 (wfb::religion guinea-bissau christian (* 5 %) );; line 47649 (wfb::language guinea-bissau portuguese n/a );; line 47653 (wfb::comment language guinea-bissau portuguese "official" );; line 47653 (wfb::language guinea-bissau criolo n/a );; line 47653 (wfb::language guinea-bissau african_languages n/a );; line 47653 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition guinea-bissau date_1990 );; line 47657 (wfb::literacy-condition guinea-bissau "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 47657 (wfb::literacy guinea-bissau total_population (* 36 %) );; line 47659 (wfb::literacy guinea-bissau male (* 50 %) );; line 47661 (wfb::literacy guinea-bissau female (* 24 %) );; line 47663 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation guinea-bissau agriculture (* 90 %) );; line 47669 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation guinea-bissau industry n/a );; line 47669 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation guinea-bissau services n/a );; line 47669 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation guinea-bissau commerce (* 5 %) );; line 47669 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation guinea-bissau government (* 5 %) );; line 47669 (wfb::names guinea-bissau conventional_long_form "Republic of Guinea-Bissau" );; line 47676 (wfb::names guinea-bissau conventional_short_form "Guinea-Bissau" );; line 47678 (wfb::names guinea-bissau local_long_form "Republica de Guine-Bissau" );; line 47680 (wfb::names guinea-bissau local_short_form "Guine-Bissau" );; line 47682 (wfb::names guinea-bissau former "Portuguese Guinea" );; line 47684 (wfb::digraph guinea-bissau "PU" );; line 47688 (wfb::type guinea-bissau "republic, formerly highly centralized, multiparty since mid-1991" );; line 47692 (wfb::capital guinea-bissau bissau-guinea-bissau );; line 47696 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_guinea-bissau_regions "regions" "regioes" "regiao" );; line 47700 (wfb::administrative_divisions guinea-bissau adm_div_guinea-bissau_regions 9 );; line 47700 (wfb::administrative_division_of guinea-bissau adm_div_guinea-bissau_regions "Bafata" );; line 47700 (wfb::administrative_division_of guinea-bissau adm_div_guinea-bissau_regions "Biombo" );; line 47700 (wfb::administrative_division_of guinea-bissau adm_div_guinea-bissau_regions "Bissau" );; line 47700 (wfb::administrative_division_of guinea-bissau adm_div_guinea-bissau_regions "Bolama" );; line 47700 (wfb::administrative_division_of guinea-bissau adm_div_guinea-bissau_regions "Cacheu" );; line 47700 (wfb::administrative_division_of guinea-bissau adm_div_guinea-bissau_regions "Gabu" );; line 47700 (wfb::administrative_division_of guinea-bissau adm_div_guinea-bissau_regions "Oio" );; line 47700 (wfb::administrative_division_of guinea-bissau adm_div_guinea-bissau_regions "Quinara" );; line 47700 (wfb::administrative_division_of guinea-bissau adm_div_guinea-bissau_regions "Tombali" );; line 47700 (wfb::independence guinea-bissau date_10_sep_1974 "Portugal" );; line 47705 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1974 );; line 47709 (wfb::comment national_holiday guinea-bissau "1974" );; line 47709 (wfb::national_holiday guinea-bissau "Independence Day" date_10_sep );; line 47709 (wfb::constitution guinea-bissau "16 May 1984, amended 4 May 1991 (currently undergoing revision to liberalize popular participation in the government)" );; line 47713 (wfb::legal_system guinea-bissau "NA" );; line 47718 (wfb::comment suffrage guinea-bissau " universal" );; line 47722 (wfb::suffrage guinea-bissau (* 15 years_of_age) );; line 47722 (wfb::comment executive_branch guinea-bissau chief_of_state "election last held August 1994 (next to be held 1999)" );; line 47727 (wfb::comment executive_branch guinea-bissau chief_of_state "results - Joao Bernardo VIEIRA 52%, Kumba YALLA 48%" );; line 47727 (wfb::executive_branch guinea-bissau chief_of_state "President of the Republic of Guinea-Bissau Joao Bernardo VIEIRA (assumed power 14 November 1980)" n/a );; line 47727 (wfb::executive_branch guinea-bissau head_of_government "Prime Minister Manuel SATURNINO, since 5 November 1994" n/a );; line 47731 (wfb::comment executive_branch guinea-bissau cabinet "appointed by the president" );; line 47733 (wfb::executive_branch guinea-bissau cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 47733 (wfb::legislative_structure guinea-bissau unicameral n/a );; line 47737 (wfb::legislative_branch guinea-bissau "National People's Assembly" "(Assembleia Nacional Popular) elections last held 3 July and 7 August 1994 (next to be held 1999); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (100 total) PAIGC 62, RGB 19, PRS 12, Union for Change Coalition 6, FLING 1" );; line 47739 (wfb::judicial_branch guinea-bissau "none; there is a Ministry of Justice in the Council of Ministers" );; line 47746 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders guinea-bissau "African Party for the Independence of Guinea-Bissau and Cape Verde (PAIGC), President Joao Bernardo VIEIRA, leader; Guinea-Bissau Resistance (RGB); Democratic Front (FD), Aristides MENEZES, leader; Social Renovation Party (PRS); Union for Change Coalition; Front for the Liberation and Independence of Guinea (FLING); Democratic Social Front (FDS), Rafael BARBOSA, leader; Bafata Movement, Domingos Fernandes GARNER, leader; Guinea-Bissau Resistance (RGB); Union for Change Coalition; Front for the Liberation and Independence of Guinea (FLING)" );; line 47750 (wfb::member_of guinea-bissau acct );; line 47761 (wfb::comment member_of guinea-bissau acct "associate" );; line 47761 (wfb::member_of guinea-bissau acp );; line 47761 (wfb::member_of guinea-bissau afdb );; line 47761 (wfb::member_of guinea-bissau eca );; line 47761 (wfb::member_of guinea-bissau ecowas );; line 47761 (wfb::member_of guinea-bissau fao );; line 47761 (wfb::member_of guinea-bissau g-77 );; line 47761 (wfb::member_of guinea-bissau gatt );; line 47761 (wfb::member_of guinea-bissau ibrd );; line 47761 (wfb::member_of guinea-bissau icao );; line 47761 (wfb::member_of guinea-bissau icrm );; line 47761 (wfb::member_of guinea-bissau ida );; line 47761 (wfb::member_of guinea-bissau idb );; line 47761 (wfb::member_of guinea-bissau ifad );; line 47761 (wfb::member_of guinea-bissau ifc );; line 47761 (wfb::member_of guinea-bissau ifrcs );; line 47761 (wfb::member_of guinea-bissau ilo );; line 47761 (wfb::member_of guinea-bissau imf );; line 47761 (wfb::member_of guinea-bissau imo );; line 47761 (wfb::member_of guinea-bissau intelsat );; line 47761 (wfb::comment member_of guinea-bissau intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 47761 (wfb::member_of guinea-bissau interpol );; line 47761 (wfb::member_of guinea-bissau iom );; line 47761 (wfb::comment member_of guinea-bissau iom "observer" );; line 47761 (wfb::member_of guinea-bissau itu );; line 47761 (wfb::member_of guinea-bissau nam );; line 47761 (wfb::member_of guinea-bissau oau );; line 47761 (wfb::member_of guinea-bissau oic );; line 47761 (wfb::member_of guinea-bissau un );; line 47761 (wfb::member_of guinea-bissau unavem_ii );; line 47761 (wfb::member_of guinea-bissau unctad );; line 47761 (wfb::member_of guinea-bissau unesco );; line 47761 (wfb::member_of guinea-bissau unido );; line 47761 (wfb::member_of guinea-bissau unomil );; line 47761 (wfb::member_of guinea-bissau unomoz );; line 47761 (wfb::member_of guinea-bissau upu );; line 47761 (wfb::member_of guinea-bissau wftu );; line 47761 (wfb::member_of guinea-bissau who );; line 47761 (wfb::member_of guinea-bissau wipo );; line 47761 (wfb::member_of guinea-bissau wmo );; line 47761 (wfb::member_of guinea-bissau wto );; line 47761 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us guinea-bissau chief_of_mission "Ambassador Alfredo Lopes CABRAL" );; line 47769 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us guinea-bissau chancery "918 16th Street NW, Mezzanine Suite, Washington, DC 20006" );; line 47771 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us guinea-bissau telephone "[1] (202) 872-4222" );; line 47773 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us guinea-bissau fax "[1] (202) 872-4226" );; line 47775 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation guinea-bissau chief_of_mission "Ambassador Roger A. McGUIRE" );; line 47780 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation guinea-bissau embassy "Bairro de Penha, Bissau" );; line 47782 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation guinea-bissau mailing_address "C.P. 297, 1067 Bissau Codex, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau" );; line 47784 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation guinea-bissau telephone "[245] 252273, 252274, 252275, 252276" );; line 47786 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation guinea-bissau fax "[245] 252282" );; line 47788 (wfb::flag guinea-bissau "two equal horizontal bands of yellow (top) and green with a vertical red band on the hoist side; there is a black five-pointed star centered in the red band; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia; similar to the flag of Cape Verde, which has the black star raised above the center of the red band and is framed by two corn stalks and a yellow clam shell" );; line 47792 (wfb::overview guinea-bissau "Guinea-Bissau ranks among the poorest countries in the world. Agriculture and fishing are the main economic activities. Cashew nuts, peanuts, and palm kernels are the primary exports. Exploitation of known mineral deposits is unlikely at present because of a weak infrastructure and the high cost of development. With IMF support the country is committed to an economic reform program emphasizing monetary stability and private sector growth. This process will continue at a slow pace because of a heavy foreign debt burden and internal constraints." );; line 47802 (wfb::estimation-date national_product guinea-bissau date_1993 );; line 47813 (wfb::national_product guinea-bissau (* 900e6 $) );; line 47813 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate guinea-bissau date_1993 );; line 47817 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate guinea-bissau (* 2.9 %) );; line 47817 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita guinea-bissau date_1994 );; line 47821 (wfb::national_product_per_capita guinea-bissau (* 840 $) );; line 47821 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| guinea-bissau "55% (1991 est.)" );; line 47825 (wfb::unemployment_rate guinea-bissau (* n/a %) );; line 47829 (wfb::budget guinea-bissau revenues (* 33.6e6 $) );; line 47834 (wfb::estimation-date budget guinea-bissau date_1991 );; line 47836 (wfb::budget guinea-bissau expenditures (* 44.8e6 $) );; line 47836 (wfb::budget guinea-bissau capital_expenditures (* 570000 $) );; line 47836 (wfb::exports guinea-bissau (* 19e6 $) );; line 47841 (wfb::exports guinea-bissau commodities cashews n/a );; line 47843 (wfb::exports guinea-bissau commodities fish-commodity n/a );; line 47843 (wfb::exports guinea-bissau commodities peanuts n/a );; line 47843 (wfb::exports guinea-bissau commodities palm_kernels n/a );; line 47843 (wfb::exports guinea-bissau partners portugal n/a );; line 47845 (wfb::exports guinea-bissau partners spain n/a );; line 47845 (wfb::exports guinea-bissau partners senegal n/a );; line 47845 (wfb::exports guinea-bissau partners india n/a );; line 47845 (wfb::exports guinea-bissau partners nigeria n/a );; line 47845 (wfb::imports guinea-bissau (* 56e6 $) );; line 47849 (wfb::imports guinea-bissau commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 47851 (wfb::imports guinea-bissau commodities transport_equipment n/a );; line 47851 (wfb::imports guinea-bissau commodities petroleum_products-commodity n/a );; line 47851 (wfb::imports guinea-bissau commodities machinery_and_equipment n/a );; line 47851 (wfb::imports guinea-bissau partners portugal n/a );; line 47854 (wfb::imports guinea-bissau partners netherlands n/a );; line 47854 (wfb::imports guinea-bissau partners china n/a );; line 47854 (wfb::imports guinea-bissau partners germany n/a );; line 47854 (wfb::imports guinea-bissau partners senegal n/a );; line 47854 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt guinea-bissau date_dec_1990 );; line 47858 (wfb::external_debt guinea-bissau (* 462e6 $) );; line 47858 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1991 );; line 47862 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production guinea-bissau date_1991 );; line 47862 (wfb::industrial_production guinea-bissau accounts_for (* 8 %_of_gdp) );; line 47862 (wfb::electricity guinea-bissau capacity (* 22000 kw) );; line 47867 (wfb::electricity guinea-bissau production (* 40e6 kwh) );; line 47869 (wfb::measurement-date electricity guinea-bissau consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 47871 (wfb::electricity guinea-bissau consumption_per_capita (* 37 kwh) );; line 47871 (wfb::industry guinea-bissau agricultural_processing );; line 47875 (wfb::industry guinea-bissau beer );; line 47875 (wfb::industry guinea-bissau soft_drinks );; line 47875 (wfb::agriculture guinea-bissau "accounts for over 45% of GDP, nearly 100% of exports, and 90% of employment; rice is the staple food; other crops include corn, beans, cassava, cashew nuts, peanuts, palm kernels, and cotton; not self-sufficient in food; fishing and forestry potential not fully exploited" );; line 47879 (wfb::economic_aid guinea-bissau recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $49 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $615 million; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $41 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $68 million" );; line 47887 (wfb::abbreviation guinea-bissauan_peso "PG" );; line 47894 (wfb::currency guinea-bissau guinea-bissauan_peso 100 centavos );; line 47894 (wfb::exchange_rates guinea-bissau "Guinea-Bissauan pesos (PG) per US$1 - 14,482 (December 1994), 12,892 (1994), 10,082 (1993), 6,934 (1992), 3,659 (1991), 2,185 (1990)" );; line 47898 (wfb::fiscal_year guinea-bissau date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 47903 (wfb::railroads guinea-bissau "0 km" );; line 47908 (wfb::highways guinea-bissau total (* 3218 km) );; line 47913 (wfb::highways guinea-bissau bituminous (* 2698 km) );; line 47915 (wfb::highways guinea-bissau earth (* 520 km) );; line 47917 (wfb::inland_waterways guinea-bissau "scattered stretches are important to coastal commerce" );; line 47921 (wfb::port guinea-bissau bissau-guinea-bissau );; line 47925 (wfb::merchant_marine guinea-bissau "none" );; line 47929 (wfb::airports guinea-bissau total 32 );; line 47934 (wfb::airports guinea-bissau |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 47936 (wfb::airports guinea-bissau |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 2 );; line 47938 (wfb::airports guinea-bissau |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 47940 (wfb::airports guinea-bissau with_paved_runways_under_914_m 22 );; line 47942 (wfb::airports guinea-bissau |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 6 );; line 47944 (wfb::telephone_system guinea-bissau "3,000 telephones; poor system; telephone density - 2.7 telephones/1,000 persons" );; line 47949 (wfb::telephone_system guinea-bissau local "NA" );; line 47952 (wfb::telephone_system guinea-bissau intercity "combination of microwave radio relay, open wire lines and radiocommunications" );; line 47954 (wfb::telephone_system guinea-bissau international "NA" );; line 47957 (wfb::radio guinea-bissau broadcast_stations am 2 );; line 47962 (wfb::radio guinea-bissau broadcast_stations fm 3 );; line 47962 (wfb::radio guinea-bissau broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 47962 (wfb::radio guinea-bissau radios n/a );; line 47964 (wfb::television guinea-bissau broadcast_stations 1 );; line 47969 (wfb::television guinea-bissau televisions n/a );; line 47971 (wfb::comment defense_branch guinea-bissau |People's Revolutionary Armed Force_guinea-bissau| "FARP; includes Army, Navy, and Air Force" );; line 47977 (wfb::defense_branch guinea-bissau |People's Revolutionary Armed Force_guinea-bissau| );; line 47977 (wfb::defense_branch guinea-bissau paramilitary_force_guinea-bissau );; line 47977 (wfb::manpower_availability guinea-bissau "males age 15-49 251,636; males fit for military service 143,694 (1995 est.)" );; line 47982 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures guinea-bissau date_1994 );; line 47987 (wfb::defense_expenditures guinea-bissau (* 9e6 $) );; line 47987 (wfb::defense_expenditures guinea-bissau (* 4.5 %_of_gdp) );; line 47987 (wfb::markup-parameter figure guyana "graphno=\"gy.tif\"" );; line 47993 (wfb::location guyana "Northern South America, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Suriname and Venezuela" );; line 47997 (wfb::map_references guyana "South America" );; line 48002 (wfb::area guyana total_area (* 214970 sq_km) );; line 48007 (wfb::area guyana land_area (* 196850 sq_km) );; line 48009 (wfb::area guyana comparative_area "slightly smaller than Idaho" );; line 48011 (wfb::borders guyana total (* 2462 km) );; line 48015 (wfb::borders guyana brazil (* 1119 km) );; line 48015 (wfb::borders guyana suriname (* 600 km) );; line 48015 (wfb::borders guyana venezuela (* 743 km) );; line 48015 (wfb::coastline guyana (* 459 km) );; line 48020 (wfb::maritime_claims guyana exclusive_fishing_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 48027 (wfb::maritime_claims guyana territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 48029 (wfb::international_disputes guyana "all of the area west of the Essequibo River claimed by Venezuela" );; line 48033 (wfb::international_disputes guyana "Suriname claims area between New (Upper Courantyne) and Courantyne/Kutari Rivers (all headwaters of the Courantyne)" );; line 48033 (wfb::climate guyana "tropical" );; line 48039 (wfb::climate guyana "hot, humid, moderated by northeast trade winds" );; line 48039 (wfb::climate guyana "two rainy seasons (May to mid-August, mid-November to mid-January)" );; line 48039 (wfb::terrain guyana "mostly rolling highlands" );; line 48044 (wfb::terrain guyana "low coastal plain" );; line 48044 (wfb::terrain guyana "savanna in south" );; line 48044 (wfb::natural-resource guyana bauxite );; line 48048 (wfb::natural-resource guyana gold );; line 48048 (wfb::natural-resource guyana diamonds );; line 48048 (wfb::natural-resource guyana hardwood_timber );; line 48048 (wfb::natural-resource guyana shrimp-natural-resource );; line 48048 (wfb::natural-resource guyana fish );; line 48048 (wfb::land_use guyana arable_land (* 3 %) );; line 48053 (wfb::land_use guyana permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 48055 (wfb::land_use guyana meadows_and_pastures (* 6 %) );; line 48057 (wfb::land_use guyana forest_and_woodland (* 83 %) );; line 48059 (wfb::land_use guyana other (* 8 %) );; line 48061 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land guyana date_1989 );; line 48065 (wfb::irrigated_land guyana (* 1300 sq_km) );; line 48065 (wfb::environment guyana current_issues "water pollution from sewage and agricultural and industrial chemicals" );; line 48070 (wfb::environment guyana current_issues "deforestation" );; line 48070 (wfb::environment guyana natural_hazards "flash floods are a constant threat during rainy seasons" );; line 48073 (wfb::environment guyana international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Tropical Timber 83" );; line 48075 (wfb::estimation-date population guyana date_jul_1995 );; line 48082 (wfb::population guyana 723774 );; line 48082 (wfb::age_structure guyana 0-14_years (* 33 %) );; line 48087 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex guyana 0-14_years female 118515 );; line 48087 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex guyana 0-14_years male 123048 );; line 48087 (wfb::age_structure guyana 15-64_years (* 62 %) );; line 48089 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex guyana 15-64_years female 224484 );; line 48089 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex guyana 15-64_years male 225543 );; line 48089 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure guyana 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 48091 (wfb::age_structure guyana 65_years_and_over (* 5 %) );; line 48091 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex guyana 65_years_and_over female 17540 );; line 48091 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex guyana 65_years_and_over male 14644 );; line 48091 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate guyana date_1995 );; line 48095 (wfb::population_growth_rate guyana (* -0.81 %) );; line 48095 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate guyana date_1995 );; line 48099 (wfb::birth_rate guyana (* 19.41 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 48099 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate guyana date_1995 );; line 48103 (wfb::death_rate guyana (* 7.34 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 48103 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate guyana date_1995 );; line 48107 (wfb::net_migration_rate guyana (* -20.19 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 48107 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate guyana date_1995 );; line 48111 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate guyana (* 47.7 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 48111 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth guyana total_population (* 65.1 years) );; line 48116 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth guyana male (* 61.86 years) );; line 48118 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth guyana female date_1995 );; line 48120 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth guyana female (* 68.5 years) );; line 48120 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate guyana date_1995 );; line 48124 (wfb::total_fertility_rate guyana (* 2.23 children_born/woman) );; line 48124 (wfb::nationality guyana noun "Guyanese (singular and plural)" );; line 48129 (wfb::nationality guyana adjective "Guyanese" );; line 48131 (wfb::ethnic-entity guyana east_indian (* 51 %) );; line 48135 (wfb::ethnic-entity guyana black_and_mixed (* 43 %) );; line 48135 (wfb::ethnic-entity guyana amerindian (* 4 %) );; line 48135 (wfb::ethnic-entity guyana european_and_chinese (* 2 %) );; line 48135 (wfb::religion guyana christian (* 57 %) );; line 48140 (wfb::religion guyana hindu (* 33 %) );; line 48140 (wfb::religion guyana muslim (* 9 %) );; line 48140 (wfb::language guyana english n/a );; line 48144 (wfb::language guyana amerindian_dialects n/a );; line 48144 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition guyana date_1990 );; line 48148 (wfb::literacy-condition guyana "age 15 and over has ever attended school" );; line 48148 (wfb::literacy guyana total_population (* 96 %) );; line 48150 (wfb::literacy guyana male (* 98 %) );; line 48152 (wfb::literacy guyana female (* 95 %) );; line 48154 (wfb::total_labor_force guyana 268000 );; line 48158 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation guyana industry_and_commerce (* 44.5 %) );; line 48160 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation guyana agriculture (* 33.8 %) );; line 48160 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation guyana services (* 21.7 %) );; line 48160 (wfb::comment labor_force guyana "public-sector employment amounts to 60%-80% of the total labor force (1985)" );; line 48162 (wfb::names guyana conventional_long_form "Co-operative Republic of Guyana" );; line 48169 (wfb::names guyana conventional_short_form "Guyana" );; line 48171 (wfb::names guyana former "British Guiana" );; line 48173 (wfb::digraph guyana "GY" );; line 48177 (wfb::type guyana "republic" );; line 48181 (wfb::capital guyana georgetown-guyana );; line 48185 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_guyana_regions "regions" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 48189 (wfb::administrative_divisions guyana adm_div_guyana_regions 10 );; line 48189 (wfb::administrative_division_of guyana adm_div_guyana_regions "Barima-Waini" );; line 48189 (wfb::administrative_division_of guyana adm_div_guyana_regions "Cuyuni-Mazaruni" );; line 48189 (wfb::administrative_division_of guyana adm_div_guyana_regions "Demerara-Mahaica" );; line 48189 (wfb::administrative_division_of guyana adm_div_guyana_regions "East Berbice-Corentyne" );; line 48189 (wfb::administrative_division_of guyana adm_div_guyana_regions "Essequibo Islands-West Demerara" );; line 48189 (wfb::administrative_division_of guyana adm_div_guyana_regions "Mahaica-Berbice" );; line 48189 (wfb::administrative_division_of guyana adm_div_guyana_regions "Pomeroon-Supenaam" );; line 48189 (wfb::administrative_division_of guyana adm_div_guyana_regions "Potaro-Siparuni" );; line 48189 (wfb::administrative_division_of guyana adm_div_guyana_regions "Upper Demerara-Berbice" );; line 48189 (wfb::administrative_division_of guyana adm_div_guyana_regions "Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo" );; line 48189 (wfb::independence guyana date_26_may_1966 "UK" );; line 48195 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1970 );; line 48199 (wfb::comment national_holiday guyana "1970" );; line 48199 (wfb::national_holiday guyana "Republic Day" date_23_feb );; line 48199 (wfb::constitution guyana "6 October 1980" );; line 48203 (wfb::legal_system guyana "based on English common law with certain admixtures of Roman-Dutch law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 48207 (wfb::comment suffrage guyana " universal" );; line 48212 (wfb::suffrage guyana (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 48212 (wfb::comment executive_branch guyana chief_of_state "election last held 5 October 1992" );; line 48217 (wfb::comment executive_branch guyana chief_of_state "results - Cheddi JAGAN was elected president since he was leader of the party with the most votes in the National Assembly elections" );; line 48217 (wfb::executive_branch guyana chief_of_state "Executive President Cheddi JAGAN " date_5_oct_1992 );; line 48217 (wfb::executive_branch guyana head_of_government "Prime Minister Sam HINDS " date_5_oct_1992 );; line 48222 (wfb::comment executive_branch guyana cabinet "appointed by the president, responsible to the legislature" );; line 48224 (wfb::executive_branch guyana cabinet "Cabinet of Ministers" );; line 48224 (wfb::legislative_structure guyana unicameral n/a );; line 48229 (wfb::legislative_branch guyana "National Assembly" "elections last held on 5 October 1992 (next to be held in 1997); results - PPP 53.4%, PNC 42.3%, WPA 2%, TUF 1.2%; seats - (65 total, 53 elected) PPP 36, PNC 26, WPA 2, TUF 1" );; line 48231 (wfb::judicial_branch guyana "Supreme Court of Judicature" );; line 48237 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders guyana "People's Progressive Party (PPP), Cheddi JAGAN; People's National Congress (PNC), Hugh Desmond HOYTE; Good and Green Georgetown (GGG), Hamilton GREEN; Working People's Alliance (WPA), Eusi KWAYANA, Rupert ROOPNARINE; Democratic Labor Movement (DLM), Paul TENNASSEE; People's Democratic Movement (PDM), Llewellyn JOHN; National Democratic Front (NDF), Joseph BACCHUS; The United Force (TUF), Manzoor NADIR; United Republican Party (URP), Leslie RAMSAMMY; National Republican Party (NRP), Robert GANGADEEN; Guyana Labor Party (GLP), Nanda GOPAUL" );; line 48241 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups guyana "Trades Union Congress (TUC); Guyana Council of Indian Organizations (GCIO); Civil Liberties Action Committee (CLAC)" );; line 48252 (wfb::comment other_political_or_pressure_groups guyana "the latter two organizations are small and active but not well organized" );; line 48255 (wfb::member_of guyana acp );; line 48260 (wfb::member_of guyana c );; line 48260 (wfb::member_of guyana caricom );; line 48260 (wfb::member_of guyana ccc );; line 48260 (wfb::member_of guyana cdb );; line 48260 (wfb::member_of guyana eclac );; line 48260 (wfb::member_of guyana fao );; line 48260 (wfb::member_of guyana g-77 );; line 48260 (wfb::member_of guyana gatt );; line 48260 (wfb::member_of guyana iadb );; line 48260 (wfb::member_of guyana ibrd );; line 48260 (wfb::member_of guyana icao );; line 48260 (wfb::member_of guyana icftu );; line 48260 (wfb::member_of guyana icrm );; line 48260 (wfb::member_of guyana ida );; line 48260 (wfb::member_of guyana ifad );; line 48260 (wfb::member_of guyana ifc );; line 48260 (wfb::member_of guyana ifrcs );; line 48260 (wfb::member_of guyana ilo );; line 48260 (wfb::member_of guyana imf );; line 48260 (wfb::member_of guyana imo );; line 48260 (wfb::member_of guyana intelsat );; line 48260 (wfb::comment member_of guyana intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 48260 (wfb::member_of guyana interpol );; line 48260 (wfb::member_of guyana ioc );; line 48260 (wfb::member_of guyana itu );; line 48260 (wfb::member_of guyana laes );; line 48260 (wfb::member_of guyana nam );; line 48260 (wfb::member_of guyana oas );; line 48260 (wfb::member_of guyana onusal );; line 48260 (wfb::member_of guyana un );; line 48260 (wfb::member_of guyana unctad );; line 48260 (wfb::member_of guyana unesco );; line 48260 (wfb::member_of guyana unido );; line 48260 (wfb::member_of guyana upu );; line 48260 (wfb::member_of guyana wcl );; line 48260 (wfb::member_of guyana wftu );; line 48260 (wfb::member_of guyana who );; line 48260 (wfb::member_of guyana wmo );; line 48260 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us guyana chief_of_mission "Ambassador Dr. Ali Odeen ISHMAEL" );; line 48268 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us guyana chancery "2490 Tracy Place NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 48270 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us guyana telephone "[1] (202) 265-6900, 6901" );; line 48272 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us guyana |consulate(s) general| "New York" );; line 48274 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation guyana chief_of_mission "Ambassador George F. JONES" );; line 48279 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation guyana embassy "99-100 Young and Duke Streets, Kingston, Georgetown" );; line 48281 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation guyana mailing_address "P. O. Box 10507, Georgetown" );; line 48283 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation guyana telephone "[592] (2) 54900 through 54909, 57960 through 57969" );; line 48285 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation guyana fax "[592] (2) 58497" );; line 48287 (wfb::flag guyana "green with a red isosceles triangle (based on the hoist side) superimposed on a long yellow arrowhead; there is a narrow black border between the red and yellow, and a narrow white border between the yellow and the green" );; line 48291 (wfb::overview guyana "Guyana, one of the poorest countries in the Western Hemisphere, has pushed ahead strongly in 1992-94, with an 8% average annual economic growth rate, led by gold mining, and rice, sugar, and forestry products for export. Favorable factors include recovery in the key agricultural and mining sectors, a more favorable atmosphere for business initiative, a more realistic exchange rate, a sharp drop in the inflation rate, and the continued support of international organizations. Serious underlying economic problems will continue. Electric power has been in short supply and constitutes a major barrier to future gains in national output. The government will have to persist in efforts to manage its large $2.2 billion external debt, control inflation, and to extend the privatization program." );; line 48298 (wfb::estimation-date national_product guyana date_1994 );; line 48312 (wfb::national_product guyana (* 1.4e9 $) );; line 48312 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate guyana date_1994 );; line 48316 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate guyana (* 8.5 %) );; line 48316 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita guyana date_1994 );; line 48320 (wfb::national_product_per_capita guyana (* 1950 $) );; line 48320 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| guyana "15.5% (1994 est.)" );; line 48324 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate guyana date_1992 );; line 48328 (wfb::unemployment_rate guyana (* 12 %) );; line 48328 (wfb::budget guyana revenues (* 23.7e6 $) );; line 48333 (wfb::estimation-date budget guyana date_1994 );; line 48335 (wfb::budget guyana expenditures (* 19.6e6 $) );; line 48335 (wfb::budget guyana capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 48335 (wfb::exports guyana (* 475e6 $) );; line 48339 (wfb::exports guyana commodities sugar-commodity n/a );; line 48341 (wfb::exports guyana commodities bauxite/alumina n/a );; line 48341 (wfb::exports guyana commodities rice n/a );; line 48341 (wfb::exports guyana commodities shrimp n/a );; line 48341 (wfb::exports guyana commodities molasses n/a );; line 48341 (wfb::measurement-date exports guyana date_1992 );; line 48343 (wfb::exports guyana partners uk (* 33 %) );; line 48343 (wfb::exports guyana partners us (* 31 %) );; line 48343 (wfb::exports guyana partners canada (* 9 %) );; line 48343 (wfb::exports guyana partners france (* 5 %) );; line 48343 (wfb::exports guyana partners japan (* 3 %) );; line 48343 (wfb::imports guyana (* 456e6 $) );; line 48347 (wfb::imports guyana commodities manufactures n/a );; line 48349 (wfb::imports guyana commodities machinery n/a );; line 48349 (wfb::imports guyana commodities petroleum-commodity n/a );; line 48349 (wfb::imports guyana commodities food n/a );; line 48349 (wfb::measurement-date imports guyana date_1992 );; line 48351 (wfb::imports guyana partners us (* 37 %) );; line 48351 (wfb::imports guyana partners trinidad_and_tobago (* 13 %) );; line 48351 (wfb::imports guyana partners uk (* 11 %) );; line 48351 (wfb::imports guyana partners italy (* 8 %) );; line 48351 (wfb::imports guyana partners japan (* 5 %) );; line 48351 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt guyana date_1994 );; line 48356 (wfb::external_debt guyana (* 2.2e9 $) );; line 48356 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 48360 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production guyana date_1994 );; line 48360 (wfb::industrial_production guyana growth_rate (* 5.6 %) );; line 48360 (wfb::electricity guyana capacity (* 110000 kw) );; line 48365 (wfb::electricity guyana production (* 230e6 kwh) );; line 48367 (wfb::measurement-date electricity guyana consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 48369 (wfb::electricity guyana consumption_per_capita (* 286 kwh) );; line 48369 (wfb::industry guyana bauxite_mining );; line 48373 (wfb::industry guyana sugar );; line 48373 (wfb::industry guyana rice_milling );; line 48373 (wfb::industry guyana timber-industry );; line 48373 (wfb::industry guyana |fishing (shrimp)| );; line 48373 (wfb::industry guyana textiles );; line 48373 (wfb::industry guyana gold_mining );; line 48373 (wfb::agriculture guyana "most important sector, accounting for 25% of GDP and about half of exports; sugar and rice are key crops; development potential exists for fishing and forestry; not self-sufficient in food, especially wheat, vegetable oils, and animal products" );; line 48378 (wfb::illicit_drugs guyana "transshipment point for narcotics from South America - primarily Venezuela - to the US and Europe; producer of cannabis" );; line 48385 (wfb::economic_aid guyana recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $116 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $325 million; Communist countries 1970-89, $242 million" );; line 48391 (wfb::abbreviation guyanese_dollar "G$" );; line 48397 (wfb::currency guyana guyanese_dollar 100 cents );; line 48397 (wfb::exchange_rates guyana "Guyanese dollars (G$) per US$1 - 142.7 (January 1995), 138.3 (1994), 126.7 (1993), 125.0 (1992), 111.8 (1991), 39.533 (1990)" );; line 48401 (wfb::fiscal_year guyana date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 48406 (wfb::railroads guyana total "100 km NA-m gauge industrial lines for the transport of minerals, including bauxite" );; line 48412 (wfb::highways guyana total (* 7665 km) );; line 48418 (wfb::highways guyana paved (* 550 km) );; line 48420 (wfb::highways guyana gravel (* 5000 km) );; line 48422 (wfb::highways guyana earth (* 2115 km) );; line 48422 (wfb::inland_waterways guyana "6,000 km total of navigable waterways; Berbice, Demerara, and Essequibo Rivers are navigable by oceangoing vessels for 150 km, 100 km, and 80 km, respectively" );; line 48426 (wfb::port guyana bartica-guyana );; line 48432 (wfb::port guyana georgetown-guyana );; line 48432 (wfb::port guyana linden-guyana );; line 48432 (wfb::port guyana new_amsterdam-guyana );; line 48432 (wfb::port guyana parika-guyana );; line 48432 (wfb::merchant_marine guyana total "1 cargo ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,317 GRT/2,558 DWT" );; line 48437 (wfb::airports guyana total 54 );; line 48442 (wfb::airports guyana |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 3 );; line 48444 (wfb::airports guyana |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 48446 (wfb::airports guyana with_paved_runways_under_914_m 34 );; line 48448 (wfb::airports guyana |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 2 );; line 48450 (wfb::airports guyana |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 14 );; line 48452 (wfb::telephone_system guyana "over 27,000 telephones; fair system for long distance calling" );; line 48457 (wfb::telephone_system guyana local "NA" );; line 48459 (wfb::telephone_system guyana intercity "microwave radio relay network for trunk lines" );; line 48461 (wfb::telephone_system guyana international "tropospheric scatter link to Trinidad; 1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station" );; line 48463 (wfb::radio guyana broadcast_stations am 4 );; line 48469 (wfb::radio guyana broadcast_stations fm 3 );; line 48469 (wfb::radio guyana broadcast_stations shortwave 1 );; line 48469 (wfb::radio guyana radios n/a );; line 48471 (wfb::television guyana broadcast_stations 0 );; line 48476 (wfb::television guyana televisions n/a );; line 48478 (wfb::comment defense_branch guyana guyana_defense_force_guyana "GDF; includes Ground Forces, Coast Guard, and Air Corps" );; line 48484 (wfb::defense_branch guyana guyana_defense_force_guyana );; line 48484 (wfb::comment defense_branch guyana |Guyana People's Militia_guyana| "GPM" );; line 48484 (wfb::defense_branch guyana |Guyana People's Militia_guyana| );; line 48484 (wfb::comment defense_branch guyana guyana_national_service_guyana "GNS" );; line 48484 (wfb::defense_branch guyana guyana_national_service_guyana );; line 48484 (wfb::manpower_availability guyana "males age 15-49 198,665; males fit for military service 150,573 (1995 est.)" );; line 48490 (wfb::markup-parameter figure haiti "graphno=\"ha.tif\"" );; line 48502 (wfb::location haiti "Caribbean, western one-third of the island of Hispaniola, between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, west of the Dominican Republic" );; line 48506 (wfb::map_references haiti "Central America and the Caribbean" );; line 48512 (wfb::area haiti total_area (* 27750 sq_km) );; line 48517 (wfb::area haiti land_area (* 27560 sq_km) );; line 48519 (wfb::area haiti comparative_area "slightly larger than Maryland" );; line 48521 (wfb::borders haiti total (* 275 km) );; line 48525 (wfb::borders haiti dominican_republic (* 275 km) );; line 48525 (wfb::coastline haiti (* 1771 km) );; line 48529 (wfb::maritime_claims haiti contiguous_zone (* 24 nm) );; line 48534 (wfb::maritime_claims haiti exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 48538 (wfb::maritime_claims haiti territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 48540 (wfb::international_disputes haiti "claims US-administered Navassa Island" );; line 48544 (wfb::climate haiti "tropical" );; line 48548 (wfb::climate haiti "semiarid where mountains in east cut off trade winds" );; line 48548 (wfb::terrain haiti "mostly rough and mountainous" );; line 48552 (wfb::natural-resource haiti bauxite );; line 48556 (wfb::land_use haiti arable_land (* 20 %) );; line 48561 (wfb::land_use haiti permanent_crops (* 13 %) );; line 48563 (wfb::land_use haiti meadows_and_pastures (* 18 %) );; line 48565 (wfb::land_use haiti forest_and_woodland (* 4 %) );; line 48567 (wfb::land_use haiti other (* 45 %) );; line 48569 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land haiti date_1989 );; line 48573 (wfb::irrigated_land haiti (* 750 sq_km) );; line 48573 (wfb::environment haiti current_issues "extensive deforestation (much of the remaining forested land is being cleared for agriculture and use as fuel)" );; line 48578 (wfb::environment haiti current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 48578 (wfb::environment haiti current_issues "inadequate supplies of potable water" );; line 48578 (wfb::environment haiti natural_hazards "lies in the middle of the hurricane belt and subject to severe storms from June to October" );; line 48582 (wfb::environment haiti natural_hazards "occasional flooding and earthquakes" );; line 48582 (wfb::environment haiti natural_hazards "periodic droughts" );; line 48582 (wfb::environment haiti international_agreements "party to - Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation" );; line 48586 (wfb::environment haiti international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban" );; line 48586 (wfb::note haiti "shares island of Hispaniola with Dominican Republic (western one-third is Haiti, eastern two-thirds is the Dominican Republic)" );; line 48592 (wfb::estimation-date population haiti date_jul_1995 );; line 48599 (wfb::population haiti 6539983 );; line 48599 (wfb::age_structure haiti 0-14_years (* 46 %) );; line 48604 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex haiti 0-14_years female 1490939 );; line 48604 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex haiti 0-14_years male 1535607 );; line 48604 (wfb::age_structure haiti 15-64_years (* 50 %) );; line 48606 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex haiti 15-64_years female 1692032 );; line 48606 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex haiti 15-64_years male 1557568 );; line 48606 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure haiti 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 48608 (wfb::age_structure haiti 65_years_and_over (* 4 %) );; line 48608 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex haiti 65_years_and_over female 133291 );; line 48608 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex haiti 65_years_and_over male 130546 );; line 48608 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate haiti date_1995 );; line 48612 (wfb::population_growth_rate haiti (* 1.5 %) );; line 48612 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate haiti date_1995 );; line 48616 (wfb::birth_rate haiti (* 38.64 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 48616 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate haiti date_1995 );; line 48620 (wfb::death_rate haiti (* 18.65 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 48620 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate haiti date_1995 );; line 48624 (wfb::net_migration_rate haiti (* -4.99 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 48624 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate haiti date_1995 );; line 48628 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate haiti (* 107.5 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 48628 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth haiti total_population (* 44.77 years) );; line 48633 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth haiti male (* 43.04 years) );; line 48635 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth haiti female date_1995 );; line 48637 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth haiti female (* 46.59 years) );; line 48637 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate haiti date_1995 );; line 48641 (wfb::total_fertility_rate haiti (* 5.82 children_born/woman) );; line 48641 (wfb::nationality haiti noun "Haitian(s)" );; line 48646 (wfb::nationality haiti adjective "Haitian" );; line 48648 (wfb::ethnic-entity haiti black (* 95 %) );; line 48652 (wfb::ethnic-entity haiti mulatto_and_european (* 5 %) );; line 48652 (wfb::measurement-date religion date_1982 );; line 48656 (wfb::comment religion "of which an overwhelming majority also practice Voodoo" );; line 48656 (wfb::religion haiti roman_catholic (* 80 %) );; line 48656 (wfb::comment religion "Baptist 10%, Pentecostal 4%, Adventist 1%, other 1%" );; line 48656 (wfb::religion haiti protestant (* 16 %) );; line 48656 (wfb::language haiti |French (official)| (* 10 %) );; line 48662 (wfb::language haiti creole n/a );; line 48662 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition haiti date_1982 );; line 48666 (wfb::literacy-condition haiti "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 48666 (wfb::literacy haiti total_population (* 35 %) );; line 48668 (wfb::literacy haiti male (* 37 %) );; line 48670 (wfb::literacy haiti female (* 32 %) );; line 48672 (wfb::total_labor_force haiti 2.3e6 );; line 48676 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation haiti agriculture (* 66 %) );; line 48678 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation haiti services (* 25 %) );; line 48678 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation haiti industry (* 9 %) );; line 48678 (wfb::comment labor_force haiti "shortage of skilled labor, unskilled labor abundant (1982)" );; line 48680 (wfb::names haiti conventional_long_form "Republic of Haiti" );; line 48686 (wfb::names haiti conventional_short_form "Haiti" );; line 48688 (wfb::names haiti local_long_form "Republique d'Haiti" );; line 48690 (wfb::names haiti local_short_form "Haiti" );; line 48692 (wfb::digraph haiti "HA" );; line 48696 (wfb::type haiti "republic" );; line 48700 (wfb::capital haiti port-au-prince-haiti );; line 48704 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_haiti_departments "departments" "departements" "departement" );; line 48708 (wfb::administrative_divisions haiti adm_div_haiti_departments 9 );; line 48708 (wfb::administrative_division_of haiti adm_div_haiti_departments "Artibonite" );; line 48708 (wfb::administrative_division_of haiti adm_div_haiti_departments "Centre" );; line 48708 (wfb::administrative_division_of haiti adm_div_haiti_departments "Grand'Anse" );; line 48708 (wfb::administrative_division_of haiti adm_div_haiti_departments "Nord" );; line 48708 (wfb::administrative_division_of haiti adm_div_haiti_departments "Nord-Est" );; line 48708 (wfb::administrative_division_of haiti adm_div_haiti_departments "Nord-Ouest" );; line 48708 (wfb::administrative_division_of haiti adm_div_haiti_departments "Ouest" );; line 48708 (wfb::administrative_division_of haiti adm_div_haiti_departments "Sud" );; line 48708 (wfb::administrative_division_of haiti adm_div_haiti_departments "Sud-Est" );; line 48708 (wfb::independence haiti date_1_jan_1804 "France" );; line 48713 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1804 );; line 48717 (wfb::comment national_holiday haiti "1804" );; line 48717 (wfb::national_holiday haiti "Independence Day" date_1_jan );; line 48717 (wfb::constitution haiti "approved March 1987, suspended June 1988, most articles reinstated March 1989; October 1991, government claims to be observing the Constitution" );; line 48721 (wfb::legal_system haiti "based on Roman civil law system; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 48726 (wfb::comment suffrage haiti " universal" );; line 48731 (wfb::suffrage haiti (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 48731 (wfb::comment executive_branch haiti chief_of_state "election last held 16 December 1990 (next to be held by December 1995)" );; line 48736 (wfb::comment executive_branch haiti chief_of_state "results - Rev. Jean-Bertrand ARISTIDE 67.5%, Marc BAZIN 14.2%, Louis DEJOIE 4.9%" );; line 48736 (wfb::executive_branch haiti head_of_government "Prime Minister Smarck MICHEL " date_oct_1994 );; line 48742 (wfb::comment executive_branch haiti cabinet "chosen by prime minister in consultation with the president" );; line 48744 (wfb::executive_branch haiti cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 48744 (wfb::legislative_structure haiti bicameral "National Assembly (Assemblee Nationale)" );; line 48749 (wfb::legislative_branch haiti "Senate" "elections last held 18 January 1993, widely condemned as illegitimate (next to be held 25 June 1994); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (27 total) FNCD 12, MIDH-PANPRA 8, PAIN 2, MRN 1, RDNP 1, PNT 1, independent 2" );; line 48751 (wfb::legislative_branch haiti "Chamber of Deputies" "elections last held 16 December 1990, with runoff held 20 January 1991 (next to be held 25 June 1995); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (83 total) FNCD 27, MIDH-PANPRA 17, PDCH 7, PAIN 6, RDNP 6, MDN 5, PNT 3, MKN 2, MODELH 2, MRN 1, independents 5, other 2" );; line 48756 (wfb::judicial_branch haiti "Court of Appeal (Cour de Cassation)" );; line 48763 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders haiti "National Front for Change and Democracy (FNCD), Evans PAUL, including National Cooperative Action Movement (MKN), Volvick Remy JOSEPH; National Congress of Democratic Movements (CONACOM), Victor BENOIT; Movement for the Installation of Democracy in Haiti (MIDH), Marc BAZIN; National Progressive Revolutionary Party (PANPRA), Serge GILLES; National Patriotic Movement of November 28 (MNP-28), Dejean BELIZAIRE; National Agricultural and Industrial Party (PAIN), Louis DEJOIE; Movement for National Reconstruction (MRN), Rene THEODORE; Haitian Christian Democratic Party (PDCH), Joseph DOUZE; Assembly of Progressive National Democrats (RDNP), Leslie MANIGAT; National Party of Labor (PNT), Thomas DESULME; Mobilization for National Development (MDN), Hubert DE RONCERAY; Democratic Movement for the Liberation of Haiti (MODELH), Francois LATORTUE; Haitian Social Christian Party (PSCH), Gregoire EUGENE; Movement for the Organization of the Country (MOP), Gesner COMEAU and Jean MOLIERE; Democratic Unity Confederation (KID), Evans PAUL; National Lavalas Political Organization (OPL), Gerard PIERRE/CHARLES" );; line 48767 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups haiti "Roman Catholic Church; Confederation of Haitian Workers (CTH); Federation of Workers Trade Unions (FOS); Autonomous Haitian Workers (CATH); National Popular Assembly (APN); Revolutionary Front for Haitian Advancement and Progress (FRAPH)" );; line 48785 (wfb::member_of haiti acct );; line 48792 (wfb::member_of haiti acp );; line 48792 (wfb::member_of haiti caricom );; line 48792 (wfb::comment member_of haiti caricom "observer" );; line 48792 (wfb::member_of haiti ccc );; line 48792 (wfb::member_of haiti eclac );; line 48792 (wfb::member_of haiti fao );; line 48792 (wfb::member_of haiti g-77 );; line 48792 (wfb::member_of haiti gatt );; line 48792 (wfb::member_of haiti iadb );; line 48792 (wfb::member_of haiti iaea );; line 48792 (wfb::member_of haiti ibrd );; line 48792 (wfb::member_of haiti icao );; line 48792 (wfb::member_of haiti icrm );; line 48792 (wfb::member_of haiti ida );; line 48792 (wfb::member_of haiti ifad );; line 48792 (wfb::member_of haiti ifc );; line 48792 (wfb::member_of haiti ifrcs );; line 48792 (wfb::member_of haiti ilo );; line 48792 (wfb::member_of haiti imf );; line 48792 (wfb::member_of haiti imo );; line 48792 (wfb::member_of haiti intelsat );; line 48792 (wfb::member_of haiti interpol );; line 48792 (wfb::member_of haiti ioc );; line 48792 (wfb::member_of haiti itu );; line 48792 (wfb::member_of haiti laes );; line 48792 (wfb::member_of haiti oas );; line 48792 (wfb::member_of haiti opanal );; line 48792 (wfb::member_of haiti pca );; line 48792 (wfb::member_of haiti un );; line 48792 (wfb::member_of haiti unctad );; line 48792 (wfb::member_of haiti unesco );; line 48792 (wfb::member_of haiti unido );; line 48792 (wfb::member_of haiti upu );; line 48792 (wfb::member_of haiti wcl );; line 48792 (wfb::member_of haiti wftu );; line 48792 (wfb::member_of haiti who );; line 48792 (wfb::member_of haiti wipo );; line 48792 (wfb::member_of haiti wmo );; line 48792 (wfb::member_of haiti wto );; line 48792 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us haiti chief_of_mission "Ambassador Jean CASIMIR" );; line 48800 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us haiti chancery "2311 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 48802 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us haiti telephone "[1] (202) 332-4090 through 4092" );; line 48804 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us haiti fax "[1] (202) 745-7215" );; line 48806 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us haiti |consulate(s) general| "Boston, Chicago, Miami, New York, and San Juan (Puerto Rico)" );; line 48808 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation haiti chief_of_mission "Ambassador William Lacy SWING" );; line 48813 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation haiti embassy "Harry Truman Boulevard, Port-au-Prince" );; line 48815 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation haiti mailing_address "P. O. Box 1761, Port-au-Prince" );; line 48817 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation haiti telephone "[509] 22-0354, 22-0368, 22-0200, 22-0612" );; line 48819 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation haiti fax "[509] 23-1641" );; line 48821 (wfb::flag haiti "two equal horizontal bands of blue (top) and red with a centered white rectangle bearing the coat of arms, which contains a palm tree flanked by flags and two cannons above a scroll bearing the motto L'UNION FAIT LA FORCE (Union Makes Strength)" );; line 48825 (wfb::overview haiti "About 75% of the population live in abject poverty. Agriculture is mainly small-scale subsistence farming and employs two-thirds of the work force. The majority of the population does not have ready access to safe drinking water, adequate medical care, or sufficient food. The lack of employment opportunities remains one of the most critical problems facing the economy, along with soil erosion and political instability. International trade sanctions in response to the September 1991 coup against President ARISTIDE further damaged the economy. The restoration of President ARISTIDE, the lifting of sanctions in late 1994, and foreign aid will alleviate some economic problems. Haiti will continue to depend heavily on foreign aid." );; line 48833 (wfb::estimation-date national_product haiti date_1994 );; line 48846 (wfb::national_product haiti (* 5.6e9 $) );; line 48846 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate haiti date_1994 );; line 48850 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate haiti (* -15 %) );; line 48850 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita haiti date_1994 );; line 48854 (wfb::national_product_per_capita haiti (* 870 $) );; line 48854 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| haiti "52% (FY93/94 est.)" );; line 48858 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate haiti date_1994 );; line 48862 (wfb::unemployment_rate haiti (* 50 %) );; line 48862 (wfb::budget haiti revenues (* 56e6 $) );; line 48867 (wfb::estimation-date budget haiti date_1994 );; line 48869 (wfb::budget haiti expenditures (* 131e6 $) );; line 48869 (wfb::budget haiti capital_expenditures (* 6e6 $) );; line 48869 (wfb::exports haiti (* 173.3e6 $) );; line 48874 (wfb::exports haiti commodities light_manufactures (* 65 %) );; line 48876 (wfb::exports haiti commodities coffee (* 19 %) );; line 48876 (wfb::measurement-date exports haiti date_1993 );; line 48879 (wfb::exports haiti partners us (* 81 %) );; line 48879 (wfb::exports haiti partners europe (* 12 %) );; line 48879 (wfb::imports haiti (* 476.8e6 $) );; line 48883 (wfb::imports haiti commodities machines_and_manufactures (* 34 %) );; line 48885 (wfb::imports haiti commodities food_and_beverages (* 22 %) );; line 48885 (wfb::imports haiti commodities petroleum_products-commodity (* 14 %) );; line 48885 (wfb::imports haiti commodities chemicals-commodity (* 10 %) );; line 48885 (wfb::imports haiti commodities fats_and_oils (* 9 %) );; line 48885 (wfb::measurement-date imports haiti date_1993 );; line 48888 (wfb::imports haiti partners us (* 51 %) );; line 48888 (wfb::imports haiti partners europe (* 16 %) );; line 48888 (wfb::imports haiti partners latin_america (* 18 %) );; line 48888 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt haiti date_sep_1994 );; line 48892 (wfb::external_debt haiti (* 871e6 $) );; line 48892 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1991 );; line 48896 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production haiti date_1991 );; line 48896 (wfb::industrial_production haiti growth_rate (* -2 %) );; line 48896 (wfb::industrial_production haiti accounts_for (* 15 %_of_gdp) );; line 48896 (wfb::electricity haiti capacity (* 150000 kw) );; line 48901 (wfb::electricity haiti production (* 590e6 kwh) );; line 48903 (wfb::measurement-date electricity haiti consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 48905 (wfb::electricity haiti consumption_per_capita (* 86 kwh) );; line 48905 (wfb::industry haiti sugar_refining );; line 48909 (wfb::industry haiti textiles );; line 48909 (wfb::industry haiti flour_milling );; line 48909 (wfb::industry haiti cement_manufacturing );; line 48909 (wfb::industry haiti tourism );; line 48909 (wfb::industry haiti light_assembly_industries_based_on_imported_parts );; line 48909 (wfb::agriculture haiti "accounts for 28% of GDP and employs two-thirds of work force; mostly small-scale subsistence farms; commercial crops - coffee, mangoes, sugarcane, wood; staple crops - rice, corn, sorghum; shortage of wheat flour" );; line 48914 (wfb::illicit_drugs haiti "transshipment point for cocaine and marijuana en route to the US and Europe" );; line 48920 (wfb::economic_aid haiti recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (1970-89), $700 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $770 million" );; line 48926 (wfb::abbreviation gourde "G" );; line 48931 (wfb::currency haiti gourde 100 centimes );; line 48931 (wfb::exchange_rates haiti "gourdes (G) per US$1 - 14.10 (1 December 1994), 12.00 (1 July 1993), 8.4 (December 1991), fixed rate of 5.000 through second quarter of 1991" );; line 48935 (wfb::fiscal_year haiti date_1_oct date_30_sep );; line 48941 (wfb::railroads haiti total "40 km (single track; privately owned industrial line)" );; line 48947 (wfb::railroads haiti narrow_gauge "40 km 0.760-m gauge" );; line 48949 (wfb::highways haiti total (* 4000 km) );; line 48954 (wfb::highways haiti paved (* 950 km) );; line 48956 (wfb::highways haiti unimproved_earth (* 2150 km) );; line 48958 (wfb::inland_waterways haiti "negligible; less than 100 km navigable" );; line 48962 (wfb::port haiti cap-haitien-haiti );; line 48966 (wfb::port haiti gonaives-haiti );; line 48966 (wfb::port haiti jacmel-haiti );; line 48966 (wfb::port haiti jeremie-haiti );; line 48966 (wfb::port haiti cayes-haiti );; line 48966 (wfb::port haiti miragoane-haiti );; line 48966 (wfb::port haiti port-au-prince-haiti );; line 48966 (wfb::port haiti port-de-paix-haiti );; line 48966 (wfb::port haiti saint-marc-haiti );; line 48966 (wfb::merchant_marine haiti "none" );; line 48971 (wfb::airports haiti total 14 );; line 48976 (wfb::airports haiti |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 2 );; line 48978 (wfb::airports haiti |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 1 );; line 48980 (wfb::airports haiti with_paved_runways_under_914_m 6 );; line 48982 (wfb::airports haiti |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 5 );; line 48984 (wfb::telephone_system haiti "36,000 telephones; domestic facilities barely adequate, international facilities slightly better" );; line 48989 (wfb::telephone_system haiti local "NA" );; line 48992 (wfb::telephone_system haiti intercity "NA" );; line 48994 (wfb::telephone_system haiti international "1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station" );; line 48996 (wfb::radio haiti broadcast_stations am 33 );; line 49001 (wfb::radio haiti broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 49001 (wfb::radio haiti broadcast_stations shortwave 2 );; line 49001 (wfb::radio haiti radios n/a );; line 49003 (wfb::television haiti broadcast_stations 4 );; line 49008 (wfb::television haiti televisions n/a );; line 49010 (wfb::defense_branch haiti army_haiti );; line 49016 (wfb::defense_branch haiti navy_haiti );; line 49016 (wfb::defense_branch haiti air_force_haiti );; line 49016 (wfb::defense_branch haiti police_haiti );; line 49016 (wfb::comment branches haiti "the regular Haitian Army, Navy and Air Force are currently suspended and replaced by the Interim Public Security Force (IPSF)" );; line 49018 (wfb::manpower_availability haiti "males age 15-49 1,323,034; males fit for military service 716,233; males reach military age (18) annually 64,371 (1995 est.)" );; line 49023 (wfb::estimation-date defense_expenditures haiti date_1988 );; line 49028 (wfb::defense_expenditures haiti (* 34e6 $) );; line 49028 (wfb::defense_expenditures haiti (* 1.5 %_of_gdp) );; line 49028 (wfb::markup-parameter figure heard_island_and_mcdonald_islands "graphno=\"hm.tif\"" );; line 49034 (wfb::header heard_island_and_mcdonald_islands "(territory of Australia)" );; line 49034 (wfb::location heard_island_and_mcdonald_islands "Southern Africa, islands in the Indian Ocean, about two-thirds of the way from Madagascar to Antarctica" );; line 49038 (wfb::map_references heard_island_and_mcdonald_islands "Antarctic Region" );; line 49043 (wfb::area heard_island_and_mcdonald_islands total_area (* 412 sq_km) );; line 49048 (wfb::area heard_island_and_mcdonald_islands land_area (* 412 sq_km) );; line 49050 (wfb::area heard_island_and_mcdonald_islands comparative_area "slightly less than 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 49052 (wfb::coastline heard_island_and_mcdonald_islands (* 101.9 km) );; line 49060 (wfb::maritime_claims heard_island_and_mcdonald_islands exclusive_fishing_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 49065 (wfb::maritime_claims heard_island_and_mcdonald_islands territorial_sea (* 3 nm) );; line 49067 (wfb::international_disputes heard_island_and_mcdonald_islands "none" );; line 49071 (wfb::climate heard_island_and_mcdonald_islands "antarctic" );; line 49075 (wfb::terrain heard_island_and_mcdonald_islands "Heard Island - bleak and mountainous, with a quiescent volcano" );; line 49079 (wfb::terrain heard_island_and_mcdonald_islands "McDonald Islands - small and rocky" );; line 49079 (wfb::land_use heard_island_and_mcdonald_islands arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 49089 (wfb::land_use heard_island_and_mcdonald_islands permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 49091 (wfb::land_use heard_island_and_mcdonald_islands meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 49093 (wfb::land_use heard_island_and_mcdonald_islands forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 49095 (wfb::land_use heard_island_and_mcdonald_islands other (* 100 %) );; line 49097 (wfb::irrigated_land heard_island_and_mcdonald_islands (* 0 sq_km) );; line 49101 (wfb::environment heard_island_and_mcdonald_islands current_issues "NA" );; line 49106 (wfb::environment heard_island_and_mcdonald_islands natural_hazards "Heard Island is dominated by a dormant volcano called Big Ben" );; line 49108 (wfb::environment heard_island_and_mcdonald_islands international_agreements "NA" );; line 49110 (wfb::note heard_island_and_mcdonald_islands "primarily used for research stations" );; line 49114 (wfb::names heard_island_and_mcdonald_islands conventional_long_form "Territory of Heard Island and McDonald Islands" );; line 49126 (wfb::names heard_island_and_mcdonald_islands conventional_short_form "Heard Island and McDonald Islands" );; line 49128 (wfb::digraph heard_island_and_mcdonald_islands "HM" );; line 49132 (wfb::type heard_island_and_mcdonald_islands "territory of Australia administered by the Ministry for Environment, Sport, and Territories" );; line 49136 (wfb::comment independence heard_island_and_mcdonald_islands "territory of Australia" );; line 49145 (wfb::overview heard_island_and_mcdonald_islands "no economic activity" );; line 49150 (wfb::note heard_island_and_mcdonald_islands "defense is the responsibility of Australia" );; line 49165 (wfb::markup-parameter figure |Holy See (Vatican City)| "graphno=\"vt.tif\"" );; line 49171 (wfb::location |Holy See (Vatican City)| "Southern Europe, an enclave of Rome (Italy)" );; line 49175 (wfb::map_references |Holy See (Vatican City)| "Europe" );; line 49179 (wfb::area |Holy See (Vatican City)| total_area (* 0.44 sq_km) );; line 49184 (wfb::area |Holy See (Vatican City)| land_area (* 0.44 sq_km) );; line 49186 (wfb::area |Holy See (Vatican City)| comparative_area "about 0.7 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC" );; line 49188 (wfb::borders |Holy See (Vatican City)| total (* 3.2 km) );; line 49192 (wfb::borders |Holy See (Vatican City)| italy (* 3.2 km) );; line 49192 (wfb::comment coastline |Holy See (Vatican City)| "landlocked" );; line 49196 (wfb::coastline |Holy See (Vatican City)| (* 0 km) );; line 49196 (wfb::maritime_claims |Holy See (Vatican City)| "none; landlocked" );; line 49200 (wfb::international_disputes |Holy See (Vatican City)| "none" );; line 49204 (wfb::climate |Holy See (Vatican City)| "temperate" );; line 49208 (wfb::climate |Holy See (Vatican City)| "mild, rainy winters (September to mid-May) with hot, dry summers (May to September)" );; line 49208 (wfb::terrain |Holy See (Vatican City)| "low hill" );; line 49213 (wfb::land_use |Holy See (Vatican City)| arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 49222 (wfb::land_use |Holy See (Vatican City)| permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 49224 (wfb::land_use |Holy See (Vatican City)| meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 49226 (wfb::land_use |Holy See (Vatican City)| forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 49228 (wfb::land_use |Holy See (Vatican City)| other (* 100 %) );; line 49230 (wfb::irrigated_land |Holy See (Vatican City)| (* 0 sq_km) );; line 49234 (wfb::environment |Holy See (Vatican City)| current_issues "NA" );; line 49239 (wfb::environment |Holy See (Vatican City)| natural_hazards "NA" );; line 49241 (wfb::environment |Holy See (Vatican City)| international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Air Pollution, Environmental Modification" );; line 49243 (wfb::note |Holy See (Vatican City)| "urban; landlocked; enclave of Rome, Italy; world's smallest state; outside the Vatican City, 13 buildings in Rome and Castel Gandolfo (the pope's summer residence) enjoy extraterritorial rights" );; line 49248 (wfb::estimation-date population |Holy See (Vatican City)| date_jul_1995 );; line 49256 (wfb::population |Holy See (Vatican City)| 830 );; line 49256 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate |Holy See (Vatican City)| date_1995 );; line 49260 (wfb::population_growth_rate |Holy See (Vatican City)| (* 1.15 %) );; line 49260 (wfb::nationality |Holy See (Vatican City)| noun "none" );; line 49289 (wfb::nationality |Holy See (Vatican City)| adjective "none" );; line 49291 (wfb::ethnic-entity |Holy See (Vatican City)| italians n/a );; line 49295 (wfb::ethnic-entity |Holy See (Vatican City)| swiss n/a );; line 49295 (wfb::religion |Holy See (Vatican City)| roman_catholic n/a );; line 49299 (wfb::language |Holy See (Vatican City)| italian n/a );; line 49303 (wfb::language |Holy See (Vatican City)| latin n/a );; line 49303 (wfb::language |Holy See (Vatican City)| various_other_languages n/a );; line 49303 (wfb::total_labor_force |Holy See (Vatican City)| n/a );; line 49307 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation |Holy See (Vatican City)| dignitaries n/a );; line 49309 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation |Holy See (Vatican City)| priests n/a );; line 49309 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation |Holy See (Vatican City)| nuns n/a );; line 49309 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation |Holy See (Vatican City)| guards n/a );; line 49309 (wfb::names |Holy See (Vatican City)| conventional_long_form "The Holy See (State of the Vatican City)" );; line 49316 (wfb::names |Holy See (Vatican City)| conventional_short_form "Holy See (Vatican City)" );; line 49318 (wfb::names |Holy See (Vatican City)| local_long_form "Santa Sede (Stato della Citta del Vaticano)" );; line 49320 (wfb::names |Holy See (Vatican City)| local_short_form "Santa Sede (Citta del Vaticano)" );; line 49322 (wfb::digraph |Holy See (Vatican City)| "VT" );; line 49326 (wfb::type |Holy See (Vatican City)| "monarchical-sacerdotal state" );; line 49330 (wfb::capital |Holy See (Vatican City)| |Vatican City-Holy See (Vatican City)| );; line 49334 (wfb::independence |Holy See (Vatican City)| date_11_feb_1929 "Italy" );; line 49338 (wfb::comment national_holiday |Holy See (Vatican City)| "John Paul II" );; line 49342 (wfb::national_holiday |Holy See (Vatican City)| "Installation Day of the Pope" date_22_oct );; line 49342 (wfb::comment national_holiday |Holy See (Vatican City)| "Pope John Paul II was elected on 16 October 1978" );; line 49344 (wfb::constitution |Holy See (Vatican City)| "Apostolic Constitution of 1967 (effective 1 March 1968)" );; line 49348 (wfb::legal_system |Holy See (Vatican City)| "NA" );; line 49352 (wfb::comment executive_branch |Holy See (Vatican City)| chief_of_state "election last held 16 October 1978 (next to be held after the death of the current pope)" );; line 49361 (wfb::comment executive_branch |Holy See (Vatican City)| chief_of_state "results - Karol WOJTYLA was elected for life by the College of Cardinals" );; line 49361 (wfb::executive_branch |Holy See (Vatican City)| chief_of_state "Pope JOHN PAUL II (Karol WOJTYLA; since 16 October 1978)" n/a );; line 49361 (wfb::comment executive_branch |Holy See (Vatican City)| cabinet "appointed by Pope" );; line 49369 (wfb::executive_branch |Holy See (Vatican City)| cabinet "Pontifical Commission" );; line 49369 (wfb::legislative_structure |Holy See (Vatican City)| unicameral "Pontifical Commission" );; line 49373 (wfb::judicial_branch |Holy See (Vatican City)| "none; normally handled by Italy" );; line 49377 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders |Holy See (Vatican City)| "none" );; line 49381 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups |Holy See (Vatican City)| "none (exclusive of influence exercised by church officers)" );; line 49385 (wfb::member_of |Holy See (Vatican City)| iaea );; line 49389 (wfb::member_of |Holy See (Vatican City)| icftu );; line 49389 (wfb::member_of |Holy See (Vatican City)| intelsat );; line 49389 (wfb::member_of |Holy See (Vatican City)| iom );; line 49389 (wfb::comment member_of |Holy See (Vatican City)| iom "observer" );; line 49389 (wfb::member_of |Holy See (Vatican City)| itu );; line 49389 (wfb::member_of |Holy See (Vatican City)| oas );; line 49389 (wfb::comment member_of |Holy See (Vatican City)| oas "observer" );; line 49389 (wfb::member_of |Holy See (Vatican City)| osce );; line 49389 (wfb::member_of |Holy See (Vatican City)| un );; line 49389 (wfb::comment member_of |Holy See (Vatican City)| un "observer" );; line 49389 (wfb::member_of |Holy See (Vatican City)| unctad );; line 49389 (wfb::member_of |Holy See (Vatican City)| unhcr );; line 49389 (wfb::member_of |Holy See (Vatican City)| upu );; line 49389 (wfb::member_of |Holy See (Vatican City)| wipo );; line 49389 (wfb::member_of |Holy See (Vatican City)| wto );; line 49389 (wfb::comment member_of |Holy See (Vatican City)| wto "observer" );; line 49389 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us |Holy See (Vatican City)| chief_of_mission "Apostolic Pro-Nuncio Archbishop Agostino CACCIAVILLAN" );; line 49395 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us |Holy See (Vatican City)| chancery "3339 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 49397 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us |Holy See (Vatican City)| telephone "[1] (202) 333-7121" );; line 49399 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation |Holy See (Vatican City)| chief_of_mission "Ambassador Raymond L. FLYNN" );; line 49404 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation |Holy See (Vatican City)| embassy "Via Delle Terme Deciane 26, Rome 00153" );; line 49406 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation |Holy See (Vatican City)| mailing_address "PSC 59, APO AE 09624" );; line 49408 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation |Holy See (Vatican City)| telephone "[39] (6) 46741" );; line 49410 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation |Holy See (Vatican City)| fax "[39] (6) 6380159" );; line 49412 (wfb::flag |Holy See (Vatican City)| "two vertical bands of yellow (hoist side) and white with the crossed keys of Saint Peter and the papal miter centered in the white band" );; line 49416 (wfb::overview |Holy See (Vatican City)| "This unique, noncommercial economy is supported financially by contributions (known as Peter's Pence) from Roman Catholics throughout the world, the sale of postage stamps and tourist mementos, fees for admission to museums, and the sale of publications. The incomes and living standards of lay workers are comparable to, or somewhat better than, those of counterparts who work in the city of Rome." );; line 49422 (wfb::budget |Holy See (Vatican City)| revenues (* 169e6 $) );; line 49432 (wfb::measurement-date budget |Holy See (Vatican City)| date_1993 );; line 49434 (wfb::budget |Holy See (Vatican City)| expenditures (* 167.5e6 $) );; line 49434 (wfb::budget |Holy See (Vatican City)| capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 49434 (wfb::electricity |Holy See (Vatican City)| capacity (* 5000 kw_standby) );; line 49439 (wfb::measurement-date electricity |Holy See (Vatican City)| consumption_per_capita date_1992 );; line 49443 (wfb::electricity |Holy See (Vatican City)| consumption_per_capita (* n/a kwh) );; line 49443 (wfb::industry |Holy See (Vatican City)| printing_and_production_of_a_small_amount_of_mosaics_and_staff_uniforms );; line 49447 (wfb::industry |Holy See (Vatican City)| worldwide_banking_and_financial_activities );; line 49447 (wfb::abbreviation vatican_lira "VLit" );; line 49452 (wfb::currency |Holy See (Vatican City)| vatican_lira 100 centesimi );; line 49452 (wfb::exchange_rates |Holy See (Vatican City)| "Vatican lire (VLit) per US$1 - 1,609.5 (January 1995), 1,612.4 (1994), 1,573.7 (1993), 1,232.4 (1992), 1,240.6 (1991), 1,198.1 (1990); note - the Vatican lira is at par with the Italian lira which circulates freely" );; line 49456 (wfb::fiscal_year |Holy See (Vatican City)| date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 49462 (wfb::railroads |Holy See (Vatican City)| total "862 meters; note - connects to Italy's network at Rome's Saint Peter's station" );; line 49468 (wfb::railroads |Holy See (Vatican City)| narrow_gauge "862 meters 1.435-m gauge" );; line 49471 (wfb::telephone_system |Holy See (Vatican City)| "2,000 telephones; automatic exchange" );; line 49488 (wfb::telephone_system |Holy See (Vatican City)| local "NA" );; line 49490 (wfb::telephone_system |Holy See (Vatican City)| intercity "tied into Italian system" );; line 49492 (wfb::telephone_system |Holy See (Vatican City)| international "uses Italian system" );; line 49494 (wfb::radio |Holy See (Vatican City)| broadcast_stations am 3 );; line 49499 (wfb::radio |Holy See (Vatican City)| broadcast_stations fm 4 );; line 49499 (wfb::radio |Holy See (Vatican City)| broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 49499 (wfb::radio |Holy See (Vatican City)| radios n/a );; line 49501 (wfb::television |Holy See (Vatican City)| broadcast_stations 0 );; line 49506 (wfb::television |Holy See (Vatican City)| televisions n/a );; line 49508 (wfb::note |Holy See (Vatican City)| "defense is the responsibility of Italy; Swiss Papal Guards are posted at entrances to the Vatican City" );; line 49514 (wfb::markup-parameter figure honduras "graphno=\"ho.tif\"" );; line 49521 (wfb::location honduras "Middle America, bordering the Caribbean Sea, between Guatemala and Nicaragua and bordering the North Pacific Ocean, between El Salvador and Nicaragua" );; line 49525 (wfb::map_references honduras "Central America and the Caribbean" );; line 49531 (wfb::area honduras total_area (* 112090 sq_km) );; line 49536 (wfb::area honduras land_area (* 111890 sq_km) );; line 49538 (wfb::area honduras comparative_area "slightly larger than Tennessee" );; line 49540 (wfb::borders honduras total (* 1520 km) );; line 49544 (wfb::borders honduras guatemala (* 256 km) );; line 49544 (wfb::borders honduras el_salvador (* 342 km) );; line 49544 (wfb::borders honduras nicaragua (* 922 km) );; line 49544 (wfb::coastline honduras (* 820 km) );; line 49549 (wfb::maritime_claims honduras contiguous_zone (* 24 nm) );; line 49554 (wfb::maritime_claims honduras exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 49558 (wfb::maritime_claims honduras territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 49560 (wfb::international_disputes honduras "land boundary dispute with El Salvador mostly resolved by 11 September 1992 International Court of Justice (ICJ) decision" );; line 49564 (wfb::international_disputes honduras "with respect to the maritime boundary in the Golfo de Fonseca, ICJ referred to an earlier agreement in this century and advised that some tripartite resolution among El Salvador, Honduras and Nicaragua likely would be required" );; line 49564 (wfb::climate honduras "subtropical in lowlands, temperate in mountains" );; line 49572 (wfb::terrain honduras "mostly mountains in interior, narrow coastal plains" );; line 49576 (wfb::natural-resource honduras timber );; line 49580 (wfb::natural-resource honduras gold );; line 49580 (wfb::natural-resource honduras silver );; line 49580 (wfb::natural-resource honduras copper );; line 49580 (wfb::natural-resource honduras lead );; line 49580 (wfb::natural-resource honduras zinc );; line 49580 (wfb::natural-resource honduras iron_ore );; line 49580 (wfb::natural-resource honduras antimony );; line 49580 (wfb::natural-resource honduras coal );; line 49580 (wfb::natural-resource honduras fish );; line 49580 (wfb::land_use honduras arable_land (* 14 %) );; line 49586 (wfb::land_use honduras permanent_crops (* 2 %) );; line 49588 (wfb::land_use honduras meadows_and_pastures (* 30 %) );; line 49590 (wfb::land_use honduras forest_and_woodland (* 34 %) );; line 49592 (wfb::land_use honduras other (* 20 %) );; line 49594 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land honduras date_1989 );; line 49598 (wfb::irrigated_land honduras (* 900 sq_km) );; line 49598 (wfb::environment honduras current_issues "urban population expanding" );; line 49603 (wfb::environment honduras current_issues "deforestation results from logging and the clearing of land for agricultural purposes" );; line 49603 (wfb::environment honduras current_issues "further land degradation and soil erosion hastened by uncontrolled development and improper land use practices such as farming of marginal lands" );; line 49603 (wfb::environment honduras current_issues "mining activities polluting Lago de Yojoa (the country's largest source of freshwater) with heavy metals as well as several rivers and streams" );; line 49603 (wfb::environment honduras natural_hazards "frequent, but generally mild, earthquakes" );; line 49610 (wfb::environment honduras natural_hazards "damaging hurricanes and floods along Caribbean coast" );; line 49610 (wfb::environment honduras international_agreements "party to - Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands" );; line 49613 (wfb::environment honduras international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Climate Change" );; line 49613 (wfb::estimation-date population honduras date_jul_1995 );; line 49621 (wfb::population honduras 5459743 );; line 49621 (wfb::age_structure honduras 0-14_years (* 43 %) );; line 49626 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex honduras 0-14_years female 1159846 );; line 49626 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex honduras 0-14_years male 1201927 );; line 49626 (wfb::age_structure honduras 15-64_years (* 53 %) );; line 49628 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex honduras 15-64_years female 1468950 );; line 49628 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex honduras 15-64_years male 1444959 );; line 49628 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure honduras 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 49630 (wfb::age_structure honduras 65_years_and_over (* 4 %) );; line 49630 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex honduras 65_years_and_over female 95361 );; line 49630 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex honduras 65_years_and_over male 88700 );; line 49630 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate honduras date_1995 );; line 49634 (wfb::population_growth_rate honduras (* 2.66 %) );; line 49634 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate honduras date_1995 );; line 49638 (wfb::birth_rate honduras (* 34.12 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 49638 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate honduras date_1995 );; line 49642 (wfb::death_rate honduras (* 6 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 49642 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate honduras date_1995 );; line 49646 (wfb::net_migration_rate honduras (* -1.56 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 49646 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate honduras date_1995 );; line 49650 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate honduras (* 43.4 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 49650 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth honduras total_population (* 68.04 years) );; line 49655 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth honduras male (* 65.64 years) );; line 49657 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth honduras female date_1995 );; line 49659 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth honduras female (* 70.55 years) );; line 49659 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate honduras date_1995 );; line 49663 (wfb::total_fertility_rate honduras (* 4.55 children_born/woman) );; line 49663 (wfb::nationality honduras noun "Honduran(s)" );; line 49668 (wfb::nationality honduras adjective "Honduran" );; line 49670 (wfb::ethnic-entity honduras |mestizo (mixed Indian and European)| (* 90 %) );; line 49674 (wfb::ethnic-entity honduras indian (* 7 %) );; line 49674 (wfb::ethnic-entity honduras black (* 2 %) );; line 49674 (wfb::ethnic-entity honduras white (* 1 %) );; line 49674 (wfb::religion honduras roman_catholic (* 97 %) );; line 49679 (wfb::religion honduras protestant_minority n/a );; line 49679 (wfb::language honduras spanish-language-group n/a );; line 49683 (wfb::language honduras indian_dialects n/a );; line 49683 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition honduras date_1990 );; line 49687 (wfb::literacy-condition honduras "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 49687 (wfb::literacy honduras total_population (* 73 %) );; line 49689 (wfb::literacy honduras male (* 76 %) );; line 49691 (wfb::literacy honduras female (* 71 %) );; line 49693 (wfb::total_labor_force honduras 1.3e6 );; line 49697 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force honduras by_occupation date_1985 );; line 49699 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1985 );; line 49699 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation honduras agriculture (* 62 %) );; line 49699 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation honduras services (* 20 %) );; line 49699 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation honduras manufacturing (* 9 %) );; line 49699 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation honduras construction (* 3 %) );; line 49699 (wfb::names honduras conventional_long_form "Republic of Honduras" );; line 49706 (wfb::names honduras conventional_short_form "Honduras" );; line 49708 (wfb::names honduras local_long_form "Republica de Honduras" );; line 49710 (wfb::names honduras local_short_form "Honduras" );; line 49712 (wfb::digraph honduras "HO" );; line 49716 (wfb::type honduras "republic" );; line 49720 (wfb::capital honduras tegucigalpa-honduras );; line 49724 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_honduras_departments "departments" "departamentos" "departamento" );; line 49728 (wfb::administrative_divisions honduras adm_div_honduras_departments 18 );; line 49728 (wfb::administrative_division_of honduras adm_div_honduras_departments "Atlantida" );; line 49728 (wfb::administrative_division_of honduras adm_div_honduras_departments "Choluteca" );; line 49728 (wfb::administrative_division_of honduras adm_div_honduras_departments "Colon" );; line 49728 (wfb::administrative_division_of honduras adm_div_honduras_departments "Comayagua" );; line 49728 (wfb::administrative_division_of honduras adm_div_honduras_departments "Copan" );; line 49728 (wfb::administrative_division_of honduras adm_div_honduras_departments "Cortes" );; line 49728 (wfb::administrative_division_of honduras adm_div_honduras_departments "El Paraiso" );; line 49728 (wfb::administrative_division_of honduras adm_div_honduras_departments "Francisco Morazan" );; line 49728 (wfb::administrative_division_of honduras adm_div_honduras_departments "Gracias a Dios" );; line 49728 (wfb::administrative_division_of honduras adm_div_honduras_departments "Intibuca" );; line 49728 (wfb::administrative_division_of honduras adm_div_honduras_departments "Islas de la Bahia" );; line 49728 (wfb::administrative_division_of honduras adm_div_honduras_departments "La Paz" );; line 49728 (wfb::administrative_division_of honduras adm_div_honduras_departments "Lempira" );; line 49728 (wfb::administrative_division_of honduras adm_div_honduras_departments "Ocotepeque" );; line 49728 (wfb::administrative_division_of honduras adm_div_honduras_departments "Olancho" );; line 49728 (wfb::administrative_division_of honduras adm_div_honduras_departments "Santa Barbara" );; line 49728 (wfb::administrative_division_of honduras adm_div_honduras_departments "Valle" );; line 49728 (wfb::administrative_division_of honduras adm_div_honduras_departments "Yoro" );; line 49728 (wfb::independence honduras date_15_sep_1821 "Spain" );; line 49735 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1821 );; line 49739 (wfb::comment national_holiday honduras "1821" );; line 49739 (wfb::national_holiday honduras "Independence Day" date_15_sep );; line 49739 (wfb::constitution honduras "11 January 1982, effective 20 January 1982" );; line 49743 (wfb::legal_system honduras "rooted in Roman and Spanish civil law; some influence of English common law; accepts ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations" );; line 49747 (wfb::comment suffrage honduras " universal and compulsory" );; line 49752 (wfb::suffrage honduras (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 49752 (wfb::comment executive_branch honduras chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "election last held 28 November 1993 (next to be held November 1997)" );; line 49757 (wfb::comment executive_branch honduras chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "results - Carlos Roberto REINA Idiaquez (PLH) 53%, Oswaldo RAMOS Soto (PNH) 41%, other 6%" );; line 49757 (wfb::executive_branch honduras chief_of_state "President Carlos Roberto REINA Idiaquez " date_27_jan_1994 );; line 49757 (wfb::executive_branch honduras head_of_government "President Carlos Roberto REINA Idiaquez " date_27_jan_1994 );; line 49757 (wfb::executive_branch honduras cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 49762 (wfb::legislative_structure honduras unicameral n/a );; line 49766 (wfb::legislative_branch honduras "National Congress (Congreso Nacional)" "elections last held on 27 November 1993 (next to be held November 1997); results - PNH 53%, PLH 41%, PDCH 1.0%, PINU-SD 2.5%, other 2.5%; seats - (134 total) PNH 55, PLH 77, PINU-SD 2" );; line 49768 (wfb::judicial_branch honduras "Supreme Court of Justice (Corte Suprema de Justica)" );; line 49774 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders honduras "Liberal Party (PLH), Rafael PINEDA Ponce, president; National Party of Honduras (PNH), Oswaldo RAMOS Soto, president; National Innovation and Unity Party (PINU), Olban VALLADARES, president; Christian Democratic Party (PDCH), Efrain DIAZ Arrivillaga, president" );; line 49778 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups honduras "National Association of Honduran Campesinos (ANACH); Honduran Council of Private Enterprise (COHEP); Confederation of Honduran Workers (CTH); National Union of Campesinos (UNC); General Workers Confederation (CGT); United Federation of Honduran Workers (FUTH); Committee for the Defense of Human Rights in Honduras (CODEH); Coordinating Committee of Popular Organizations (CCOP)" );; line 49785 (wfb::member_of honduras bcie );; line 49794 (wfb::member_of honduras cacm );; line 49794 (wfb::member_of honduras eclac );; line 49794 (wfb::member_of honduras fao );; line 49794 (wfb::member_of honduras g-77 );; line 49794 (wfb::member_of honduras gatt );; line 49794 (wfb::member_of honduras iadb );; line 49794 (wfb::member_of honduras ibrd );; line 49794 (wfb::member_of honduras icao );; line 49794 (wfb::member_of honduras icftu );; line 49794 (wfb::member_of honduras icrm );; line 49794 (wfb::member_of honduras ida );; line 49794 (wfb::member_of honduras ifad );; line 49794 (wfb::member_of honduras ifc );; line 49794 (wfb::member_of honduras ifrcs );; line 49794 (wfb::member_of honduras ilo );; line 49794 (wfb::member_of honduras imf );; line 49794 (wfb::member_of honduras imo );; line 49794 (wfb::member_of honduras intelsat );; line 49794 (wfb::member_of honduras interpol );; line 49794 (wfb::member_of honduras ioc );; line 49794 (wfb::member_of honduras iom );; line 49794 (wfb::member_of honduras itu );; line 49794 (wfb::member_of honduras laes );; line 49794 (wfb::member_of honduras laia );; line 49794 (wfb::comment member_of honduras laia "observer" );; line 49794 (wfb::member_of honduras minurso );; line 49794 (wfb::member_of honduras nam );; line 49794 (wfb::member_of honduras oas );; line 49794 (wfb::member_of honduras opanal );; line 49794 (wfb::member_of honduras pca );; line 49794 (wfb::member_of honduras un );; line 49794 (wfb::member_of honduras unctad );; line 49794 (wfb::member_of honduras unesco );; line 49794 (wfb::member_of honduras unido );; line 49794 (wfb::member_of honduras upu );; line 49794 (wfb::member_of honduras wcl );; line 49794 (wfb::member_of honduras wftu );; line 49794 (wfb::member_of honduras who );; line 49794 (wfb::member_of honduras wipo );; line 49794 (wfb::member_of honduras wmo );; line 49794 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us honduras chief_of_mission "Ambassador Roberto FLORES Bermudez" );; line 49802 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us honduras chancery "3007 Tilden Street NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 49804 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us honduras telephone "[1] (202) 966-7702, 2604, 5008, 4596" );; line 49806 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us honduras fax "[1] (202) 966-9751" );; line 49808 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us honduras |consulate(s) general| "Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New Orleans, New York, San Francisco, and San Juan (Puerto Rico)" );; line 49810 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us honduras |consulate(s)| "Boston, Detroit, and Jacksonville" );; line 49813 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation honduras chief_of_mission "Ambassador William T. PRYCE" );; line 49818 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation honduras embassy "Avenida La Paz, Apartado Postal No 3453, Tegucigalpa" );; line 49820 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation honduras mailing_address "American Embassy, APO AA 34022, Tegucigalpa" );; line 49822 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation honduras telephone "[504] 36-9320, 38-5114" );; line 49824 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation honduras fax "[504] 36-9037" );; line 49826 (wfb::flag honduras "three equal horizontal bands of blue (top), white, and blue with five blue five-pointed stars arranged in an X pattern centered in the white band; the stars represent the members of the former Federal Republic of Central America - Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua; similar to the flag of El Salvador, which features a round emblem encircled by the words REPUBLICA DE EL SALVADOR EN LA AMERICA CENTRAL centered in the white band; also similar to the flag of Nicaragua, which features a triangle encircled by the word REPUBLICA DE NICARAGUA on top and AMERICA CENTRAL on the bottom, centered in the white band" );; line 49830 (wfb::overview honduras "Honduras is one of the poorest countries in the Western Hemisphere. Agriculture, the most important sector of the economy, accounts for 28% of GDP, employs 62% of the labor force, and produces two-thirds of exports. Productivity remains low. Manufacturing, still in its early stages, employs 9% of the labor force, accounts for 15% of GDP, and generates 20% of exports. The service sectors, including public administration, account for 50% of GDP and employ 20% of the labor force. Many basic problems face the economy, including rapid population growth, high unemployment, inflation, a lack of basic services, a large and inefficient public sector, and the dependence of the export sector mostly on coffee and bananas, which are subject to sharp price fluctuations. A far-reaching reform program, initiated by former President CALLEJAS in 1990 and scaled back by President REINA, is beginning to take hold." );; line 49843 (wfb::estimation-date national_product honduras date_1994 );; line 49859 (wfb::national_product honduras (* 9.7e9 $) );; line 49859 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate honduras date_1994 );; line 49863 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate honduras (* -1.9 %) );; line 49863 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita honduras date_1994 );; line 49867 (wfb::national_product_per_capita honduras (* 1820 $) );; line 49867 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| honduras "30% (1994 est.)" );; line 49871 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate honduras date_1992 );; line 49875 (wfb::budget honduras revenues (* 527e6 $) );; line 49880 (wfb::estimation-date budget honduras date_1993 );; line 49882 (wfb::budget honduras expenditures (* 668e6 $) );; line 49882 (wfb::budget honduras capital_expenditures (* 166e6 $) );; line 49882 (wfb::exports honduras (* 850e6 $) );; line 49887 (wfb::exports honduras commodities bananas n/a );; line 49889 (wfb::exports honduras commodities coffee n/a );; line 49889 (wfb::exports honduras commodities shrimp n/a );; line 49889 (wfb::exports honduras commodities lobster-commodity n/a );; line 49889 (wfb::exports honduras commodities minerals n/a );; line 49889 (wfb::exports honduras commodities meat n/a );; line 49889 (wfb::exports honduras commodities lumber-commodity n/a );; line 49889 (wfb::exports honduras partners us (* 53 %) );; line 49891 (wfb::exports honduras partners germany (* 11 %) );; line 49891 (wfb::exports honduras partners belgium (* 8 %) );; line 49891 (wfb::exports honduras partners uk (* 5 %) );; line 49891 (wfb::imports honduras (* 990e6 $) );; line 49895 (wfb::imports honduras commodities machinery_and_transport_equipment n/a );; line 49897 (wfb::imports honduras commodities chemical_products n/a );; line 49897 (wfb::imports honduras commodities manufactured_goods n/a );; line 49897 (wfb::imports honduras commodities fuel_and_oil n/a );; line 49897 (wfb::imports honduras commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 49897 (wfb::imports honduras partners us (* 50 %) );; line 49900 (wfb::imports honduras partners mexico (* 8 %) );; line 49900 (wfb::imports honduras partners guatemala (* 6 %) );; line 49900 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt honduras date_1994 );; line 49904 (wfb::external_debt honduras (* 4e9 $) );; line 49904 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1992 );; line 49908 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production honduras date_1992 );; line 49908 (wfb::industrial_production honduras growth_rate (* 10 %) );; line 49908 (wfb::industrial_production honduras accounts_for (* 22 %_of_gdp) );; line 49908 (wfb::electricity honduras capacity (* 290000 kw) );; line 49913 (wfb::electricity honduras production (* 2.3e9 kwh) );; line 49915 (wfb::measurement-date electricity honduras consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 49917 (wfb::electricity honduras consumption_per_capita (* 445 kwh) );; line 49917 (wfb::industry honduras |agricultural processing (sugar and coffee)| );; line 49921 (wfb::industry honduras textiles );; line 49921 (wfb::industry honduras clothing );; line 49921 (wfb::industry honduras wood_products );; line 49921 (wfb::agriculture honduras "most important sector, accounting for 28% of GDP, more than 60% of the labor force, and two-thirds of exports; principal products include bananas, coffee, timber, beef, citrus fruit, shrimp; importer of wheat" );; line 49926 (wfb::illicit_drugs honduras "transshipment point for narcotics; illicit producer of cannabis, cultivated on small plots and used principally for local consumption" );; line 49932 (wfb::economic_aid honduras recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $1.4 billion; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $1.1 billion" );; line 49938 (wfb::abbreviation lempira "L" );; line 49943 (wfb::currency honduras lempira 100 centavos );; line 49943 (wfb::exchange_rates honduras "lempiras (L) per US$1 - 9.1283 (October 1994), 7.2600 (1993), 5.8300 (1992), 5.4000 (1991); 2.0000 (fixed rate until 1991) 5.70 parallel black-market rate (November 1990); the lempira was allowed to float in 1992" );; line 49947 (wfb::fiscal_year honduras date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 49953 (wfb::railroads honduras total "785 km" );; line 49959 (wfb::railroads honduras narrow_gauge "508 km 1.067-m gauge; 277 km 0.914-m gauge" );; line 49961 (wfb::highways honduras total (* 8950 km) );; line 49966 (wfb::highways honduras paved (* 1700 km) );; line 49968 (wfb::highways honduras unimproved_earth (* 2250 km) );; line 49970 (wfb::inland_waterways honduras "465 km navigable by small craft" );; line 49974 (wfb::port honduras la_ceiba-honduras );; line 49978 (wfb::port honduras puerto_castilla-honduras );; line 49978 (wfb::port honduras puerto_cortes-honduras );; line 49978 (wfb::port honduras san_lorenzo-honduras );; line 49978 (wfb::port honduras tela-honduras );; line 49978 (wfb::port honduras puerto_lempira-honduras );; line 49978 (wfb::merchant_marine honduras total "271 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 802,990 GRT/1,210,553 DWT" );; line 49984 (wfb::merchant_marine honduras ships_by_type "bulk 31, cargo 171, chemical tanker 1, combination bulk 1, container 6, liquefied gas tanker 2, livestock carrier 3, oil tanker 21, passenger 2, passenger-cargo 3, refrigerated cargo 19, roll-on/roll-off cargo 7, short-sea passenger 2, specialized tanker 1, vehicle carrier 1" );; line 49986 (wfb::comment merchant_marine honduras "a flag of convenience registry; Russia owns 14 ships, Vietnam 7, North Korea 4, US 3, Hong Kong 2, South Korea 2, Greece 1" );; line 49991 (wfb::airports honduras total 159 );; line 49997 (wfb::airports honduras |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 3 );; line 49999 (wfb::airports honduras |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 2 );; line 50001 (wfb::airports honduras |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 4 );; line 50003 (wfb::airports honduras with_paved_runways_under_914_m 118 );; line 50005 (wfb::airports honduras |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 50007 (wfb::airports honduras |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 4 );; line 50009 (wfb::airports honduras |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 27 );; line 50011 (wfb::telephone_system honduras "NA telephones; 7 telephones/1,000 persons; inadequate system" );; line 50016 (wfb::telephone_system honduras local "NA" );; line 50018 (wfb::telephone_system honduras intercity "NA" );; line 50020 (wfb::telephone_system honduras international "2 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth stations and the Central American microwave radio relay system" );; line 50022 (wfb::radio honduras broadcast_stations am 176 );; line 50028 (wfb::radio honduras broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 50028 (wfb::radio honduras broadcast_stations shortwave 7 );; line 50028 (wfb::radio honduras radios n/a );; line 50030 (wfb::television honduras broadcast_stations 28 );; line 50035 (wfb::television honduras televisions n/a );; line 50037 (wfb::defense_branch honduras army_honduras );; line 50043 (wfb::comment defense_branch honduras navy_honduras "includes Marines" );; line 50043 (wfb::defense_branch honduras navy_honduras );; line 50043 (wfb::defense_branch honduras air_force_honduras );; line 50043 (wfb::comment defense_branch honduras public_security_forces_honduras "FUSEP" );; line 50043 (wfb::defense_branch honduras public_security_forces_honduras );; line 50043 (wfb::manpower_availability honduras "males age 15-49 1,275,670; males fit for military service 760,113; males reach military age (18) annually 62,405 (1995 est.)" );; line 50048 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures honduras date_1994 );; line 50053 (wfb::defense_expenditures honduras (* 41e6 $) );; line 50053 (wfb::markup-parameter figure hong_kong "graphno=\"hk.tif\"" );; line 50059 (wfb::header hong_kong "(dependent territory of the UK)" );; line 50059 (wfb::location hong_kong "Eastern Asia, bordering the South China Sea and China" );; line 50064 (wfb::map_references hong_kong "Southeast Asia" );; line 50068 (wfb::area hong_kong total_area (* 1040 sq_km) );; line 50073 (wfb::area hong_kong land_area (* 990 sq_km) );; line 50075 (wfb::area hong_kong comparative_area "slightly less than six times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 50077 (wfb::borders hong_kong total (* 30 km) );; line 50081 (wfb::borders hong_kong china (* 30 km) );; line 50081 (wfb::coastline hong_kong (* 733 km) );; line 50085 (wfb::maritime_claims hong_kong territorial_sea (* 3 nm) );; line 50090 (wfb::international_disputes hong_kong "none" );; line 50094 (wfb::climate hong_kong "tropical monsoon" );; line 50098 (wfb::climate hong_kong "cool and humid in winter, hot and rainy from spring through summer, warm and sunny in fall" );; line 50098 (wfb::terrain hong_kong "hilly to mountainous with steep slopes" );; line 50103 (wfb::terrain hong_kong "lowlands in north" );; line 50103 (wfb::natural-resource hong_kong outstanding_deepwater_harbor );; line 50107 (wfb::natural-resource hong_kong feldspar );; line 50107 (wfb::land_use hong_kong arable_land (* 7 %) );; line 50112 (wfb::land_use hong_kong permanent_crops (* 1 %) );; line 50114 (wfb::land_use hong_kong meadows_and_pastures (* 1 %) );; line 50116 (wfb::land_use hong_kong forest_and_woodland (* 12 %) );; line 50118 (wfb::land_use hong_kong other (* 79 %) );; line 50120 (wfb::measurement-date irrigated_land hong_kong date_1989 );; line 50124 (wfb::irrigated_land hong_kong (* 20 sq_km) );; line 50124 (wfb::environment hong_kong current_issues "air and water pollution from rapid urbanization" );; line 50129 (wfb::environment hong_kong natural_hazards "occasional typhoons" );; line 50131 (wfb::environment hong_kong international_agreements "NA" );; line 50133 (wfb::note hong_kong "more than 200 islands" );; line 50137 (wfb::estimation-date population hong_kong date_jul_1995 );; line 50143 (wfb::population hong_kong 5542869 );; line 50143 (wfb::age_structure hong_kong 0-14_years (* 19 %) );; line 50148 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex hong_kong 0-14_years female 499460 );; line 50148 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex hong_kong 0-14_years male 549734 );; line 50148 (wfb::age_structure hong_kong 15-64_years (* 70 %) );; line 50150 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex hong_kong 15-64_years female 1866540 );; line 50150 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex hong_kong 15-64_years male 2016684 );; line 50150 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure hong_kong 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 50152 (wfb::age_structure hong_kong 65_years_and_over (* 11 %) );; line 50152 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex hong_kong 65_years_and_over female 331391 );; line 50152 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex hong_kong 65_years_and_over male 279060 );; line 50152 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate hong_kong date_1995 );; line 50156 (wfb::population_growth_rate hong_kong (* -0.12 %) );; line 50156 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate hong_kong date_1995 );; line 50160 (wfb::birth_rate hong_kong (* 12.02 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 50160 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate hong_kong date_1995 );; line 50164 (wfb::death_rate hong_kong (* 6.02 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 50164 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate hong_kong date_1995 );; line 50168 (wfb::net_migration_rate hong_kong (* -7.22 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 50168 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate hong_kong date_1995 );; line 50172 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate hong_kong (* 5.8 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 50172 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth hong_kong total_population (* 80.18 years) );; line 50177 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth hong_kong male (* 76.78 years) );; line 50179 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth hong_kong female date_1995 );; line 50181 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth hong_kong female (* 83.78 years) );; line 50181 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate hong_kong date_1995 );; line 50185 (wfb::total_fertility_rate hong_kong (* 1.39 children_born/woman) );; line 50185 (wfb::nationality hong_kong noun "Chinese" );; line 50190 (wfb::nationality hong_kong adjective "Chinese" );; line 50192 (wfb::ethnic-entity hong_kong chinese (* 95 %) );; line 50196 (wfb::religion hong_kong eclectic_mixture_of_local_religions (* 90 %) );; line 50200 (wfb::religion hong_kong christian (* 10 %) );; line 50200 (wfb::language hong_kong chinese-language-group n/a );; line 50204 (wfb::comment language hong_kong chinese-language-group "Cantonese" );; line 50204 (wfb::language hong_kong english n/a );; line 50204 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition hong_kong date_1971 );; line 50208 (wfb::literacy-condition hong_kong "age 15 and over has ever attended school" );; line 50208 (wfb::literacy hong_kong total_population (* 77 %) );; line 50210 (wfb::literacy hong_kong male (* 90 %) );; line 50212 (wfb::literacy hong_kong female (* 64 %) );; line 50214 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force hong_kong date_1990 );; line 50218 (wfb::total_labor_force hong_kong 2.8e6 );; line 50218 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force hong_kong by_occupation date_1989 );; line 50220 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1989 );; line 50220 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation hong_kong manufacturing (* 28.5 %) );; line 50220 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation hong_kong wholesale_and_retail_trade n/a );; line 50220 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation hong_kong restaurants n/a );; line 50220 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation hong_kong hotels (* 27.9 %) );; line 50220 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation hong_kong services (* 17.7 %) );; line 50220 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation hong_kong financing n/a );; line 50220 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation hong_kong insurance-occupation-type n/a );; line 50220 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation hong_kong real_estate (* 9.2 %) );; line 50220 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation hong_kong transport_and_communications (* 4.5 %) );; line 50220 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation hong_kong construction (* 2.5 %) );; line 50220 (wfb::names hong_kong conventional_short_form "Hong Kong" );; line 50230 (wfb::abbreviation hong_kong "HK" );; line 50234 (wfb::digraph hong_kong "HK" );; line 50238 (wfb::type hong_kong "dependent territory of the UK scheduled to revert to China in 1997" );; line 50242 (wfb::capital hong_kong victoria-hong_kong );; line 50247 (wfb::comment independence hong_kong "dependent territory of the UK; the UK signed an agreement with China on 19 December 1984 to return Hong Kong to China on 1 July 1997; in the joint declaration, China promises to respect Hong Kong's existing social and economic systems and lifestyle" );; line 50255 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1945 );; line 50262 (wfb::comment national_holiday hong_kong "1945" );; line 50262 (wfb::national_holiday hong_kong "Liberation Day" date_29_aug );; line 50262 (wfb::constitution hong_kong "unwritten; partly statutes, partly common law and practice; new Basic Law approved in March 1990 in preparation for 1997" );; line 50266 (wfb::legal_system hong_kong "based on English common law" );; line 50271 (wfb::comment suffrage hong_kong " universal for permanent residents living in the territory of Hong Kong for the past seven years; indirect election limited to about 100,000 professionals of electoral college and functional constituencies" );; line 50275 (wfb::executive_branch hong_kong chief_of_state "Queen ELIZABETH II " date_6_feb_1952 );; line 50283 (wfb::comment executive_branch hong_kong head_of_government "Chief Secretary Anson CHAN Fang On-Sang (since 29 November 1993)" );; line 50285 (wfb::executive_branch hong_kong head_of_government "Governor Chris PATTEN " date_9_jul_1992 );; line 50285 (wfb::comment executive_branch hong_kong cabinet "appointed by the governor" );; line 50288 (wfb::executive_branch hong_kong cabinet "Executive Council" );; line 50288 (wfb::legislative_structure hong_kong unicameral n/a );; line 50292 (wfb::legislative_branch hong_kong "Legislative Council" "indirect elections last held 12 September 1991 and direct elections were held for the first time 15 September 1991 (next to be held 17 September 1995 when the number of directly-elected seats increases to 50); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (60 total; 21 indirectly elected by functional constituencies, 18 directly elected, 18 appointed by governor, 3 ex officio members); indirect elections - number of seats by functional constituency NA; direct elections - UDHK 12, Meeting Point 3, ADPL 1, other 2" );; line 50294 (wfb::judicial_branch hong_kong "Supreme Court" );; line 50305 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders hong_kong "Democratic Party, Martin LEE, chairman; Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong, TSANG Yuk-shing, chairman; Hong Kong Democratic Foundation, Dr. Patrick SHIU Kin-ying, chairman" );; line 50309 (wfb::comment political_parties_and_leaders hong_kong "in April 1994, the United Democrats of Hong Kong (UDHK) and Meeting Point merged to form the Democratic Party; the merger became effective in October 1994" );; line 50313 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups hong_kong "Liberal Party, Allen LEE, chairman; Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood (ADPL), Frederick FUNG Kin Kee, chairman; Liberal Democratic Federation, HU Fa-kuang, chairman; Federation of Trade Unions (pro-China), LEE Chark-tim, president; Hong Kong and Kowloon Trade Union Council (pro-Taiwan); Confederation of Trade Unions (pro-democracy), LAU Chin-shek, chairman; Hong Kong General Chamber of Commerce; Chinese General Chamber of Commerce (pro-China); Federation of Hong Kong Industries; Chinese Manufacturers' Association of Hong Kong; Hong Kong Professional Teachers' Union, CHEUNG Man-kwong, president; Hong Kong Alliance in Support of the Patriotic Democratic Movement in China, Szeto WAH, chairman" );; line 50319 (wfb::member_of hong_kong apec );; line 50332 (wfb::member_of hong_kong asdb );; line 50332 (wfb::member_of hong_kong ccc );; line 50332 (wfb::member_of hong_kong escap );; line 50332 (wfb::comment member_of hong_kong escap "associate" );; line 50332 (wfb::member_of hong_kong gatt );; line 50332 (wfb::member_of hong_kong icftu );; line 50332 (wfb::member_of hong_kong imo );; line 50332 (wfb::comment member_of hong_kong imo "associate" );; line 50332 (wfb::member_of hong_kong interpol );; line 50332 (wfb::comment member_of hong_kong interpol "subbureau" );; line 50332 (wfb::member_of hong_kong ioc );; line 50332 (wfb::member_of hong_kong iso );; line 50332 (wfb::comment member_of hong_kong iso "correspondent" );; line 50332 (wfb::member_of hong_kong wcl );; line 50332 (wfb::member_of hong_kong wmo );; line 50332 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us hong_kong "none (dependent territory of the UK)" );; line 50337 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation hong_kong chief_of_mission "Consul General Richard W. MUELLER" );; line 50342 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation hong_kong |consulate(s) general| "26 Garden Road, Hong Kong" );; line 50344 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation hong_kong mailing_address "PSC 464, Box 30, Hong Kong, or FPO AP 96522-0002" );; line 50346 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation hong_kong telephone "[852] 523-9011" );; line 50348 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation hong_kong fax "[852] 845-4845" );; line 50350 (wfb::flag hong_kong "blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant with the Hong Kong coat of arms on a white disk centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms contains a shield (bearing two junks below a crown) held by a lion (representing the UK) and a dragon (representing China) with another lion above the shield and a banner bearing the words HONG KONG below the shield" );; line 50354 (wfb::overview hong_kong "Hong Kong has a bustling free market economy with few tariffs or nontariff barriers. Natural resources are limited, and food and raw materials must be imported. Manufacturing accounts for about 17% of GDP. Goods and services exports account for about 50% of GDP. Real GDP growth averaged a remarkable 8% in 1987-88, slowed to 3.0% in 1989-90, and picked up to 4.2% in 1991, 5.0% in 1992, 5.2% in 1993, and 5.5% in 1994. Unemployment, which has been declining since the mid-1980s, is now about 2%. A shortage of labor continues to put upward pressure on prices and the cost of living. Prospects for 1995-96 remain bright so long as major trading partners continue to be reasonably prosperous and so long as investors feel China will support free market practices after the takeover in 1997." );; line 50364 (wfb::estimation-date national_product hong_kong date_1994 );; line 50378 (wfb::national_product hong_kong (* 136.1e9 $) );; line 50378 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate hong_kong date_1994 );; line 50382 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate hong_kong (* 5.5 %) );; line 50382 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita hong_kong date_1994 );; line 50386 (wfb::national_product_per_capita hong_kong (* 24530 $) );; line 50386 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| hong_kong "8.5% (1994)" );; line 50390 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate hong_kong date_1994 );; line 50394 (wfb::unemployment_rate hong_kong (* 1.9 %) );; line 50394 (wfb::budget hong_kong revenues (* 19.2e9 $) );; line 50399 (wfb::for-fiscal-year budget hong_kong 93 );; line 50401 (wfb::budget hong_kong expenditures (* 19.7e9 $) );; line 50401 (wfb::budget hong_kong capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 50401 (wfb::exports hong_kong (* 168.7e9 $) );; line 50405 (wfb::exports hong_kong commodities clothing-commodity n/a );; line 50408 (wfb::exports hong_kong commodities textiles-commodity n/a );; line 50408 (wfb::exports hong_kong commodities yarn_and_fabric n/a );; line 50408 (wfb::exports hong_kong commodities footwear n/a );; line 50408 (wfb::exports hong_kong commodities electrical_appliances n/a );; line 50408 (wfb::exports hong_kong commodities watches_and_clocks n/a );; line 50408 (wfb::exports hong_kong commodities toys n/a );; line 50408 (wfb::estimation-date exports hong_kong date_1993 );; line 50411 (wfb::exports hong_kong partners china (* 32 %) );; line 50411 (wfb::exports hong_kong partners us (* 23 %) );; line 50411 (wfb::exports hong_kong partners germany (* 5 %) );; line 50411 (wfb::exports hong_kong partners japan (* 5 %) );; line 50411 (wfb::exports hong_kong partners uk (* 3 %) );; line 50411 (wfb::imports hong_kong (* 160e9 $) );; line 50415 (wfb::imports hong_kong commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 50417 (wfb::imports hong_kong commodities transport_equipment n/a );; line 50417 (wfb::imports hong_kong commodities raw_materials n/a );; line 50417 (wfb::imports hong_kong commodities semimanufactures n/a );; line 50417 (wfb::imports hong_kong commodities petroleum-commodity n/a );; line 50417 (wfb::imports hong_kong commodities a_large_share_is_re-exported n/a );; line 50417 (wfb::estimation-date imports hong_kong date_1993 );; line 50420 (wfb::imports hong_kong partners china (* 36 %) );; line 50420 (wfb::imports hong_kong partners japan (* 19 %) );; line 50420 (wfb::imports hong_kong partners taiwan (* 9 %) );; line 50420 (wfb::imports hong_kong partners us (* 7 %) );; line 50420 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 50428 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production hong_kong date_1993 );; line 50428 (wfb::industrial_production hong_kong growth_rate (* 2 %) );; line 50428 (wfb::electricity hong_kong capacity (* 8930000 kw) );; line 50433 (wfb::electricity hong_kong production (* 33e9 kwh) );; line 50435 (wfb::measurement-date electricity hong_kong consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 50437 (wfb::electricity hong_kong consumption_per_capita (* 4628 kwh) );; line 50437 (wfb::industry hong_kong textiles );; line 50441 (wfb::industry hong_kong clothing );; line 50441 (wfb::industry hong_kong tourism );; line 50441 (wfb::industry hong_kong electronics-industry );; line 50441 (wfb::industry hong_kong plastics );; line 50441 (wfb::industry hong_kong toys-industry );; line 50441 (wfb::industry hong_kong watches );; line 50441 (wfb::industry hong_kong clocks );; line 50441 (wfb::agriculture hong_kong "minor role in the economy; local farmers produce 26% fresh vegetables, 27% live poultry; 8% of land area suitable for farming" );; line 50446 (wfb::illicit_drugs hong_kong "a hub for Southeast Asian heroin trade; transshipment and major financial and money-laundering center; increasing indigenous amphetamine and cocaine abuse" );; line 50451 (wfb::economic_aid hong_kong recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-87), $152 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $923 million" );; line 50458 (wfb::abbreviation hong_kong_dollar "HK$" );; line 50463 (wfb::currency hong_kong hong_kong_dollar 100 cents );; line 50463 (wfb::exchange_rates hong_kong "Hong Kong dollars (HK$) per US$ - 7.800 (1994), 7.800 (1993), 7.741 (1992), 7.771 (1991), 7.790 (1990); note - linked to the US dollar at the rate of about 7.8 HK$ per 1 US$ since 1985" );; line 50467 (wfb::fiscal_year hong_kong date_1_apr date_31_mar );; line 50473 (wfb::railroads hong_kong total "35 km" );; line 50479 (wfb::railroads hong_kong standard_gauge "35 km 1.435-m gauge" );; line 50481 (wfb::highways hong_kong total (* 1100 km) );; line 50486 (wfb::highways hong_kong paved (* 794 km) );; line 50488 (wfb::highways hong_kong (union gravel crushed_stone earth ) (* 306 km) );; line 50490 (wfb::port hong_kong hong_kong-hong_kong );; line 50494 (wfb::merchant_marine hong_kong total "217 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 7,657,749 GRT/13,181,496 DWT" );; line 50499 (wfb::merchant_marine hong_kong ships_by_type "bulk 116, cargo 29, chemical tanker 2, combination bulk 2, combination ore/oil 6, container 28, liquefied gas tanker 5, oil tanker 18, refrigerated cargo 7, short-sea passenger 1, vehicle carrier 3" );; line 50502 (wfb::comment merchant_marine hong_kong "a flag of convenience registry; includes 15 countries among which are UK with 53 ships, China 15, Bermuda 7, Japan 6, Belgium 3, Germany 3, Greece 3, Canada 2, Netherlands 2, Singapore 2" );; line 50506 (wfb::airports hong_kong total 3 );; line 50513 (wfb::airports hong_kong |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 50515 (wfb::airports hong_kong with_paved_runways_under_914_m 2 );; line 50517 (wfb::telephone_system hong_kong "3,000,000 telephones; modern facilities provide excellent domestic and international services" );; line 50522 (wfb::telephone_system hong_kong local "NA" );; line 50525 (wfb::telephone_system hong_kong intercity "microwave transmission links and extensive optical fiber transmission network" );; line 50527 (wfb::telephone_system hong_kong international "3 INTELSAT (1 Pacific Ocean and 2 Indian Ocean) earth stations; coaxial cable to Guangzhou, China; links to 5 international submarine cables providing access to ASEAN member nations, Japan, Taiwan, Australia, Middle East, and Western Europe" );; line 50530 (wfb::radio hong_kong broadcast_stations am 6 );; line 50538 (wfb::radio hong_kong broadcast_stations fm 6 );; line 50538 (wfb::radio hong_kong broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 50538 (wfb::radio hong_kong radios 2.5e6 );; line 50540 (wfb::comment television hong_kong broadcast_stations "British Broadcasting Corporation repeater 1; British Forces Broadcasting Service repeater 1" );; line 50545 (wfb::television hong_kong broadcast_stations 4 );; line 50545 (wfb::comment television hong_kong televisions "1,224,000 color TV sets" );; line 50548 (wfb::television hong_kong televisions 1.312e6 );; line 50548 (wfb::defense_branch hong_kong headquarters_of_british_forces_hong_kong );; line 50554 (wfb::defense_branch hong_kong army_hong_kong );; line 50554 (wfb::defense_branch hong_kong royal_navy_hong_kong );; line 50554 (wfb::defense_branch hong_kong royal_air_force_hong_kong );; line 50554 (wfb::defense_branch hong_kong royal_hong_kong_auxiliary_air_force_hong_kong );; line 50554 (wfb::defense_branch hong_kong royal_hong_kong_police_force_hong_kong );; line 50554 (wfb::manpower_availability hong_kong "males age 15-49 1,634,559; males fit for military service 1,245,905; males reach military age (18) annually 40,996 (1995 est.)" );; line 50559 (wfb::note hong_kong "defense is the responsibility of the UK" );; line 50570 (wfb::markup-parameter figure howland_island "graphno=\"hq.tif\"" );; line 50576 (wfb::header howland_island "(territory of the US)" );; line 50576 (wfb::location howland_island "Oceania, island in the North Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to Australia" );; line 50580 (wfb::map_references howland_island "Oceania" );; line 50585 (wfb::area howland_island total_area (* 1.6 sq_km) );; line 50590 (wfb::area howland_island land_area (* 1.6 sq_km) );; line 50592 (wfb::area howland_island comparative_area "about 2.7 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC" );; line 50594 (wfb::coastline howland_island (* 6.4 km) );; line 50602 (wfb::maritime_claims howland_island exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 50607 (wfb::maritime_claims howland_island territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 50609 (wfb::international_disputes howland_island "none" );; line 50613 (wfb::climate howland_island "equatorial" );; line 50617 (wfb::climate howland_island "scant rainfall, constant wind, burning sun" );; line 50617 (wfb::terrain howland_island "low-lying, nearly level, sandy, coral island surrounded by a narrow fringing reef" );; line 50621 (wfb::terrain howland_island "depressed central area" );; line 50621 (wfb::natural-resource howland_island |guano (deposits worked until late 1800s)| );; line 50626 (wfb::land_use howland_island arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 50631 (wfb::land_use howland_island permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 50633 (wfb::land_use howland_island meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 50635 (wfb::land_use howland_island forest_and_woodland (* 5 %) );; line 50637 (wfb::land_use howland_island other (* 95 %) );; line 50639 (wfb::irrigated_land howland_island (* 0 sq_km) );; line 50643 (wfb::environment howland_island current_issues "no natural fresh water resources" );; line 50648 (wfb::environment howland_island natural_hazards "the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard" );; line 50650 (wfb::environment howland_island international_agreements "NA" );; line 50653 (wfb::note howland_island "almost totally covered with grasses, prostrate vines, and low-growing shrubs; small area of trees in the center; primarily a nesting, roosting, and foraging habitat for seabirds, shorebirds, and marine wildlife; feral cats" );; line 50657 (wfb::names howland_island conventional_short_form "Howland Island" );; line 50677 (wfb::digraph howland_island "HQ" );; line 50681 (wfb::type howland_island "unincorporated territory of the US administered by the Fish and Wildlife Service of the US Department of the Interior as part of the National Wildlife Refuge System" );; line 50685 (wfb::overview howland_island "no economic activity" );; line 50696 (wfb::note howland_island "Earhart Light is a day beacon near the middle of the west coast that was partially destroyed during World War II, but has since been rebuilt in memory of famed aviatrix Amelia Earhart" );; line 50713 (wfb::note howland_island "defense is the responsibility of the US; visited annually by the US Coast Guard" );; line 50725 (wfb::markup-parameter figure hungary "graphno=\"hu.tif\"" );; line 50732 (wfb::location hungary "Central Europe, northwest of Romania" );; line 50736 (wfb::map_references hungary "Ethnic Groups in Eastern Europe, Europe" );; line 50740 (wfb::area hungary total_area (* 93030 sq_km) );; line 50745 (wfb::area hungary land_area (* 92340 sq_km) );; line 50747 (wfb::area hungary comparative_area "slightly smaller than Indiana" );; line 50749 (wfb::borders hungary total (* 1989 km) );; line 50753 (wfb::borders hungary austria (* 366 km) );; line 50753 (wfb::borders hungary croatia (* 329 km) );; line 50753 (wfb::borders hungary romania (* 443 km) );; line 50753 (wfb::comment borders "all with Serbia" );; line 50753 (wfb::borders hungary serbia_and_montenegro (* 151 km) );; line 50753 (wfb::borders hungary slovakia (* 515 km) );; line 50753 (wfb::borders hungary slovenia (* 82 km) );; line 50753 (wfb::borders hungary ukraine (* 103 km) );; line 50753 (wfb::comment coastline hungary "landlocked" );; line 50759 (wfb::coastline hungary (* 0 km) );; line 50759 (wfb::maritime_claims hungary "none; landlocked" );; line 50763 (wfb::international_disputes hungary "Gabcikovo Dam dispute with Slovakia" );; line 50767 (wfb::climate hungary "temperate" );; line 50771 (wfb::climate hungary "cold, cloudy, humid winters" );; line 50771 (wfb::climate hungary "warm summers" );; line 50771 (wfb::terrain hungary "mostly flat to rolling plains" );; line 50775 (wfb::terrain hungary "hills and low mountains on the Slovakian border" );; line 50775 (wfb::natural-resource hungary bauxite );; line 50780 (wfb::natural-resource hungary coal );; line 50780 (wfb::natural-resource hungary natural_gas );; line 50780 (wfb::natural-resource hungary fertile_soils );; line 50780 (wfb::land_use hungary arable_land (* 50.7 %) );; line 50785 (wfb::land_use hungary permanent_crops (* 6.1 %) );; line 50787 (wfb::land_use hungary meadows_and_pastures (* 12.6 %) );; line 50789 (wfb::land_use hungary forest_and_woodland (* 18.3 %) );; line 50791 (wfb::land_use hungary other (* 12.3 %) );; line 50793 (wfb::measurement-date irrigated_land hungary date_1989 );; line 50797 (wfb::irrigated_land hungary (* 1750 sq_km) );; line 50797 (wfb::environment hungary current_issues "air pollution" );; line 50802 (wfb::environment hungary current_issues "industrial and municipal pollution of Lake Balaton" );; line 50802 (wfb::environment hungary natural_hazards "levees are common along many streams, but flooding occurs almost every year" );; line 50804 (wfb::environment hungary international_agreements "party to - Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands" );; line 50807 (wfb::environment hungary international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Law of the Sea" );; line 50807 (wfb::note hungary "landlocked; strategic location astride main land routes between Western Europe and Balkan Peninsula as well as between Ukraine and Mediterranean basin" );; line 50816 (wfb::estimation-date population hungary date_jul_1995 );; line 50824 (wfb::population hungary 10318838 );; line 50824 (wfb::age_structure hungary 0-14_years (* 18 %) );; line 50829 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex hungary 0-14_years female 918281 );; line 50829 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex hungary 0-14_years male 958027 );; line 50829 (wfb::age_structure hungary 15-64_years (* 68 %) );; line 50831 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex hungary 15-64_years female 3534218 );; line 50831 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex hungary 15-64_years male 3440036 );; line 50831 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure hungary 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 50833 (wfb::age_structure hungary 65_years_and_over (* 14 %) );; line 50833 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex hungary 65_years_and_over female 914221 );; line 50833 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex hungary 65_years_and_over male 554055 );; line 50833 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate hungary date_1995 );; line 50837 (wfb::population_growth_rate hungary (* 0.02 %) );; line 50837 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate hungary date_1995 );; line 50841 (wfb::birth_rate hungary (* 12.65 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 50841 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate hungary date_1995 );; line 50845 (wfb::death_rate hungary (* 12.44 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 50845 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate hungary date_1995 );; line 50849 (wfb::net_migration_rate hungary (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 50849 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate hungary date_1995 );; line 50853 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate hungary (* 11.9 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 50853 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth hungary total_population (* 71.9 years) );; line 50858 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth hungary male (* 67.94 years) );; line 50860 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth hungary female date_1995 );; line 50862 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth hungary female (* 76.06 years) );; line 50862 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate hungary date_1995 );; line 50866 (wfb::total_fertility_rate hungary (* 1.82 children_born/woman) );; line 50866 (wfb::nationality hungary noun "Hungarian(s)" );; line 50871 (wfb::nationality hungary adjective "Hungarian" );; line 50873 (wfb::ethnic-entity hungary hungarian (* 89.9 %) );; line 50877 (wfb::ethnic-entity hungary gypsy (* 4 %) );; line 50877 (wfb::ethnic-entity hungary german-ethnic-entity (* 2.6 %) );; line 50877 (wfb::ethnic-entity hungary serb (* 2 %) );; line 50877 (wfb::ethnic-entity hungary slovak (* 0.8 %) );; line 50877 (wfb::ethnic-entity hungary romanian (* 0.7 %) );; line 50877 (wfb::religion hungary roman_catholic (* 67.5 %) );; line 50882 (wfb::religion hungary calvinist (* 20 %) );; line 50882 (wfb::religion hungary lutheran (* 5 %) );; line 50882 (wfb::religion hungary atheist_and_other (* 7.5 %) );; line 50882 (wfb::language hungary hungarian-language-group (* 98.2 %) );; line 50887 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition hungary date_1980 );; line 50891 (wfb::literacy-condition hungary "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 50891 (wfb::literacy hungary total_population (* 99 %) );; line 50893 (wfb::literacy hungary male (* 99 %) );; line 50895 (wfb::literacy hungary female (* 98 %) );; line 50897 (wfb::total_labor_force hungary 5.4e6 );; line 50901 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force hungary by_occupation date_1991 );; line 50903 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1991 );; line 50903 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation hungary services n/a );; line 50903 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation hungary trade n/a );; line 50903 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation hungary government n/a );; line 50903 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation hungary industry (* 29.7 %) );; line 50903 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation hungary agriculture (* 16.1 %) );; line 50903 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation hungary construction (* 7.0 %) );; line 50903 (wfb::names hungary conventional_long_form "Republic of Hungary" );; line 50910 (wfb::names hungary conventional_short_form "Hungary" );; line 50912 (wfb::names hungary local_long_form "Magyar Koztarsasag" );; line 50914 (wfb::names hungary local_short_form "Magyarorszag" );; line 50916 (wfb::digraph hungary "HU" );; line 50920 (wfb::type hungary "republic" );; line 50924 (wfb::capital hungary budapest-hungary );; line 50928 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_hungary_counties "counties" "megyek" "megye" );; line 50932 (wfb::administrative_divisions hungary adm_div_hungary_counties 38 );; line 50932 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_hungary_capital_city "capital city" "n/a" "fovaros" );; line 50932 (wfb::administrative_divisions hungary adm_div_hungary_capital_city 1 );; line 50932 (wfb::administrative_division_of hungary adm_div_hungary_counties "Bacs-Kiskun" );; line 50932 (wfb::administrative_division_of hungary adm_div_hungary_counties "Baranya" );; line 50932 (wfb::administrative_division_of hungary adm_div_hungary_counties "Bekes" );; line 50932 (wfb::administrative_division_of hungary adm_div_hungary_counties "Bekescsaba" );; line 50932 (wfb::administrative_division_of hungary adm_div_hungary_counties "Borsod-Abauj-Zemplen" );; line 50932 (wfb::administrative_division_of hungary adm_div_hungary_capital_city "Budapest" );; line 50932 (wfb::administrative_division_of hungary adm_div_hungary_counties "Csongrad" );; line 50932 (wfb::administrative_division_of hungary adm_div_hungary_counties "Debrecen" );; line 50932 (wfb::administrative_division_of hungary adm_div_hungary_counties "Dunaujvaros" );; line 50932 (wfb::administrative_division_of hungary adm_div_hungary_counties "Eger" );; line 50932 (wfb::administrative_division_of hungary adm_div_hungary_counties "Fejer" );; line 50932 (wfb::administrative_division_of hungary adm_div_hungary_counties "Gyor" );; line 50932 (wfb::administrative_division_of hungary adm_div_hungary_counties "Gyor-Moson-Sopron" );; line 50932 (wfb::administrative_division_of hungary adm_div_hungary_counties "Hajdu-Bihar" );; line 50932 (wfb::administrative_division_of hungary adm_div_hungary_counties "Heves" );; line 50932 (wfb::administrative_division_of hungary adm_div_hungary_counties "Hodmezovasarhely" );; line 50932 (wfb::administrative_division_of hungary adm_div_hungary_counties "Jasz-Nagykun-Szolnok" );; line 50932 (wfb::administrative_division_of hungary adm_div_hungary_counties "Kaposvar" );; line 50932 (wfb::administrative_division_of hungary adm_div_hungary_counties "Kecskemet" );; line 50932 (wfb::administrative_division_of hungary adm_div_hungary_counties "Komarom-Esztergom" );; line 50932 (wfb::administrative_division_of hungary adm_div_hungary_counties "Miskolc" );; line 50932 (wfb::administrative_division_of hungary adm_div_hungary_counties "Nagykanizsa" );; line 50932 (wfb::administrative_division_of hungary adm_div_hungary_counties "Nograd" );; line 50932 (wfb::administrative_division_of hungary adm_div_hungary_counties "Nyiregyhaza" );; line 50932 (wfb::administrative_division_of hungary adm_div_hungary_counties "Pecs" );; line 50932 (wfb::administrative_division_of hungary adm_div_hungary_counties "Pest" );; line 50932 (wfb::administrative_division_of hungary adm_div_hungary_counties "Somogy" );; line 50932 (wfb::administrative_division_of hungary adm_div_hungary_counties "Sopron" );; line 50932 (wfb::administrative_division_of hungary adm_div_hungary_counties "Szabolcs-Szatmar-Bereg" );; line 50932 (wfb::administrative_division_of hungary adm_div_hungary_counties "Szeged" );; line 50932 (wfb::administrative_division_of hungary adm_div_hungary_counties "Szekesfehervar" );; line 50932 (wfb::administrative_division_of hungary adm_div_hungary_counties "Szolnok" );; line 50932 (wfb::administrative_division_of hungary adm_div_hungary_counties "Szombathely" );; line 50932 (wfb::administrative_division_of hungary adm_div_hungary_counties "Tatabanya" );; line 50932 (wfb::administrative_division_of hungary adm_div_hungary_counties "Tolna" );; line 50932 (wfb::administrative_division_of hungary adm_div_hungary_counties "Vas" );; line 50932 (wfb::administrative_division_of hungary adm_div_hungary_counties "Veszprem" );; line 50932 (wfb::administrative_division_of hungary adm_div_hungary_counties "Zala" );; line 50932 (wfb::administrative_division_of hungary adm_div_hungary_counties "Zalaegerszeg" );; line 50932 (wfb::comment independence hungary "unification by King Stephen I" );; line 50942 (wfb::independence hungary date_1001 "n/a" );; line 50942 (wfb::comment national_holiday hungary "commemorates the founding of Hungarian state circa 1000 A.D." );; line 50946 (wfb::constitution hungary "18 August 1949, effective 20 August 1949, revised 19 April 1972; 18 October 1989 revision ensured legal rights for individuals and constitutional checks on the authority of the prime minister and also established the principle of parliamentary oversight" );; line 50951 (wfb::legal_system hungary "in process of revision, moving toward rule of law based on Western model" );; line 50958 (wfb::comment suffrage hungary " universal" );; line 50963 (wfb::suffrage hungary (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 50963 (wfb::comment executive_branch hungary chief_of_state "election last held 3 August 1990 (next to be held NA 1995)" );; line 50968 (wfb::comment executive_branch hungary chief_of_state "results - President GONCZ elected by parliamentary vote" );; line 50968 (wfb::comment executive_branch hungary chief_of_state "note - President GONCZ was elected by the National Assembly with a total of 295 votes out of 304 as interim President from 2 May 1990 until elected President" );; line 50968 (wfb::comment executive_branch hungary chief_of_state "; previously interim president from 2 May 1990)" );; line 50968 (wfb::executive_branch hungary chief_of_state "President Arpad GONCZ " date_3_aug_1990 );; line 50968 (wfb::executive_branch hungary head_of_government "Prime Minister Gyula HORN " date_15_jul_1994 );; line 50974 (wfb::comment executive_branch hungary cabinet "elected by the National Assembly on recommendation of the president" );; line 50976 (wfb::executive_branch hungary cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 50976 (wfb::legislative_structure hungary unicameral n/a );; line 50981 (wfb::legislative_branch hungary "National Assembly (Orszaggyules)" "elections last held on 8 and 29 May 1994 (next to be held spring 1998); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (386 total) MSzP 209, SzDSz 70, MDF 37, FKgP 26, KDNP 22, FiDeSz 20, other 2" );; line 50983 (wfb::judicial_branch hungary "Constitutional Court" );; line 50989 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders hungary "Hungarian Democratic Forum (MDF), Lajos FUR, chairman; Independent Smallholders (FKgP), Jozsef TORGYAN, president; Hungarian Socialist Party (MSzP), Gyula HORN, president; Christian Democratic People's Party (KDNP), Dr. Lazlo SURJAN, president; Federation of Young Democrats (FiDeSz), Viktor ORBAN, chairman; Alliance of Free Democrats (SzDSz), Ivan PETO, chairman" );; line 50993 (wfb::comment political_parties_and_leaders hungary "the Hungarian Socialist (Communist) Workers' Party (MSzMP) renounced Communism and became the Hungarian Socialist Party (MSzP) in October 1989; there is still a small MMP" );; line 51000 (wfb::member_of hungary australia_group );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary bis );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary ccc );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary ce );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary cei );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary cern );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary ebrd );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary ece );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary fao );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary g-_9 );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary gatt );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary iaea );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary ibrd );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary icao );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary icrm );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary ida );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary ifc );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary ifrcs );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary ilo );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary imf );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary imo );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary intelsat );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary interpol );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary ioc );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary iom );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary iso );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary itu );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary mtcr );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary nacc );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary nam );; line 51006 (wfb::comment member_of hungary nam "guest" );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary nsg );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary oas );; line 51006 (wfb::comment member_of hungary oas "observer" );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary osce );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary pca );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary pfp );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary un );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary unavem_ii );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary unctad );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary unesco );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary unhcr );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary unido );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary unikom );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary unomig );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary unomoz );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary unomur );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary unu );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary upu );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary weu );; line 51006 (wfb::comment member_of hungary weu "associate partner" );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary wftu );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary who );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary wipo );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary wmo );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary wto );; line 51006 (wfb::member_of hungary zc );; line 51006 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us hungary chief_of_mission "Ambassador Gyorgy BANLAKI (since 27 October 1994)" );; line 51016 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us hungary chancery "3910 Shoemaker Street NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 51018 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us hungary telephone "[1] (202) 362-6730" );; line 51020 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us hungary fax "[1] (202) 966-8135" );; line 51022 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us hungary |consulate(s) general| "Los Angeles and New York" );; line 51024 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation hungary chief_of_mission "Ambassador Donald M. BLINKEN" );; line 51029 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation hungary embassy "V. Szabadsag Ter 12, Budapest" );; line 51031 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation hungary mailing_address "Am Embassy, Unit 1320, Budapest; APO AE 09213-1320" );; line 51033 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation hungary telephone "[36] (1) 112-6450" );; line 51035 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation hungary fax "[36] (1) 132-8934" );; line 51037 (wfb::flag hungary "three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and green" );; line 51041 (wfb::overview hungary "Since 1989 Hungary has been a leader in the transition from a socialist command economy to a market economy - thanks in large part to its initial economic reforms during the Communist era. The private sector now accounts for about 55% of GDP. Nonetheless, the transformation is proving difficult, and many citizens say life was better under the old system. On the bright side, the four-year decline in output finally ended in 1994, as real GDP increased an estimated 3%. This growth helped reduce unemployment to just over 10% by yearend, down from a peak of 13%. However, no progress was made against inflation, which remained stuck at about 20%, and the already-large current account deficit in the balance of payments actually got worse, reaching almost $4 billion. Underlying Hungary's other economic problems is the large budget deficit, which probably exceeded 7% of GDP in 1994, despite some late-year budget cutting by the new leftist government. In 1995 the government has pledged to accelerate privatization and lower the budget deficit to 5.5% of GDP. It believes this fiscal tightening will reduce the current account deficit to $2.5 billion but at the cost of holding economic growth to only 1%." );; line 51046 (wfb::estimation-date national_product hungary date_1994 );; line 51066 (wfb::national_product hungary (* 58.8e9 $) );; line 51066 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate hungary date_1994 );; line 51070 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate hungary (* 3 %) );; line 51070 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita hungary date_1994 );; line 51074 (wfb::national_product_per_capita hungary (* 5700 $) );; line 51074 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| hungary "21% (1994)" );; line 51078 (wfb::budget hungary revenues (* 11.3e9 $) );; line 51087 (wfb::measurement-date budget hungary date_1994 );; line 51089 (wfb::budget hungary expenditures (* 14.2e9 $) );; line 51089 (wfb::budget hungary capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 51089 (wfb::exports hungary (* 10.3e9 $) );; line 51093 (wfb::measurement-date exports hungary date_1993 );; line 51095 (wfb::exports hungary commodities raw_materials_and_semi-finished_goods (* 30.0 %) );; line 51095 (wfb::exports hungary commodities machinery_and_transport_equipment (* 20.1 %) );; line 51095 (wfb::exports hungary commodities consumer_goods (* 25.2 %) );; line 51095 (wfb::exports hungary commodities food_and_agriculture (* 21.4 %) );; line 51095 (wfb::exports hungary commodities fuels_and_energy (* 3.4 %) );; line 51095 (wfb::measurement-date exports hungary date_1993 );; line 51099 (wfb::exports hungary partners germany (* 25.3 %) );; line 51099 (wfb::exports hungary partners italy (* 8.3 %) );; line 51099 (wfb::exports hungary partners austria (* 10.5 %) );; line 51099 (wfb::exports hungary partners the_fsu (* 14.0 %) );; line 51099 (wfb::exports hungary partners us (* 4.3 %) );; line 51099 (wfb::imports hungary (* 14.2e9 $) );; line 51104 (wfb::measurement-date imports hungary date_1993 );; line 51106 (wfb::imports hungary commodities fuels_and_energy (* 12.6 %) );; line 51106 (wfb::imports hungary commodities raw_materials_and_semi-finished_goods (* 27.3 %) );; line 51106 (wfb::imports hungary commodities machinery_and_transport_equipment (* 33.0 %) );; line 51106 (wfb::imports hungary commodities consumer_goods (* 21.2 %) );; line 51106 (wfb::imports hungary commodities food_and_agriculture (* 5.9 %) );; line 51106 (wfb::imports hungary partners germany (* 21.5 %) );; line 51110 (wfb::imports hungary partners italy (* 6.1 %) );; line 51110 (wfb::imports hungary partners austria (* 11.8 %) );; line 51110 (wfb::imports hungary partners the_fsu (* 20.9 %) );; line 51110 (wfb::comment imports hungary "1993" );; line 51110 (wfb::imports hungary partners us (* 4.3 %) );; line 51110 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt hungary date_sep_1994 );; line 51116 (wfb::external_debt hungary (* 27e9 $) );; line 51116 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 51120 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production hungary date_1994 );; line 51120 (wfb::industrial_production hungary growth_rate (* 7 %) );; line 51120 (wfb::electricity hungary capacity (* 6740000 kw) );; line 51125 (wfb::electricity hungary production (* 31e9 kwh) );; line 51127 (wfb::measurement-date electricity hungary consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 51129 (wfb::electricity hungary consumption_per_capita (* 3012 kwh) );; line 51129 (wfb::industry hungary mining );; line 51133 (wfb::industry hungary metallurgy );; line 51133 (wfb::industry hungary construction_materials-industry );; line 51133 (wfb::industry hungary processed_foods );; line 51133 (wfb::industry hungary textiles );; line 51133 (wfb::industry hungary |chemicals (especially pharmaceuticals)| );; line 51133 (wfb::industry hungary buses );; line 51133 (wfb::industry hungary automobiles-industry );; line 51133 (wfb::agriculture hungary "including forestry, accounts for 15% of GDP and 16% of employment; highly diversified crop and livestock farming; principal crops - wheat, corn, sunflowers, potatoes, sugar beets; livestock - hogs, cattle, poultry, dairy products; self-sufficient in food output" );; line 51138 (wfb::illicit_drugs hungary "transshipment point for Southeast Asia heroin and South American cocaine destined for Western Europe; limited producer of precursor chemicals" );; line 51145 (wfb::economic_aid hungary recipient "assistance pledged by OECD countries since 1989 about $9 billion" );; line 51151 (wfb::abbreviation forint "Ft" );; line 51155 (wfb::currency hungary forint 100 filler );; line 51155 (wfb::exchange_rates hungary "forints per US$1 - 112 (January 1995), 105.16 (1994), 91.93 (1993), 78.99 (1992), 74.74 (1991), 63.21 (1990), 59.07 (1989)" );; line 51159 (wfb::fiscal_year hungary date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 51164 (wfb::railroads hungary total "7,785 km" );; line 51170 (wfb::railroads hungary broad_gauge "35 km 1.520-m gauge" );; line 51172 (wfb::railroads hungary standard_gauge "7,574 km 1.435-m gauge (2,277 km electrified; 1,236 km double track)" );; line 51174 (wfb::railroads hungary narrow_gauge "176 km mostly 0.760-m gauge (1994)" );; line 51177 (wfb::highways hungary total (* 158711 km) );; line 51182 (wfb::comment highways hungary paved "441 km expressways" );; line 51184 (wfb::measurement-date highways hungary date_1992 );; line 51186 (wfb::inland_waterways hungary "1,622 km (1988)" );; line 51190 (wfb::measurement-date pipelines date_1991 );; line 51194 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 1204 km) );; line 51194 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 4387 km) );; line 51194 (wfb::port hungary budapest-hungary );; line 51198 (wfb::port hungary dunaujvaros-hungary );; line 51198 (wfb::merchant_marine hungary total "10 cargo ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 46,121 GRT/61,613 DWT" );; line 51203 (wfb::airports hungary total 78 );; line 51208 (wfb::airports hungary |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 2 );; line 51210 (wfb::airports hungary |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 7 );; line 51212 (wfb::airports hungary |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 4 );; line 51214 (wfb::airports hungary with_paved_runways_under_914_m 1 );; line 51216 (wfb::airports hungary |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 7 );; line 51218 (wfb::airports hungary |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 9 );; line 51220 (wfb::airports hungary |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 14 );; line 51222 (wfb::airports hungary with_unpaved_runways_under_914_m 34 );; line 51224 (wfb::telephone_system hungary "1,520,000 phones; 14.7 telephones/100 inhabitants (1993); 14,213 telex lines; automatic telephone network based on microwave radio relay system; 608,000 telephones on order; 12-15 year wait for a telephone; 49% of all phones are in Budapest (1991)" );; line 51229 (wfb::telephone_system hungary local "NA" );; line 51234 (wfb::telephone_system hungary intercity "microwave radio relay" );; line 51236 (wfb::telephone_system hungary international "1 INTELSAT and Intersputnik earth stations" );; line 51238 (wfb::radio hungary broadcast_stations am 32 );; line 51243 (wfb::radio hungary broadcast_stations fm 15 );; line 51243 (wfb::radio hungary broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 51243 (wfb::radio hungary radios n/a );; line 51245 (wfb::comment television hungary broadcast_stations "Russian repeaters 8" );; line 51250 (wfb::television hungary broadcast_stations 41 );; line 51250 (wfb::television hungary televisions n/a );; line 51252 (wfb::defense_branch hungary ground_forces_hungary );; line 51258 (wfb::defense_branch hungary air_and_air_defense_forces_hungary );; line 51258 (wfb::defense_branch hungary border_guard_hungary );; line 51258 (wfb::defense_branch hungary territorial_defense_hungary );; line 51258 (wfb::manpower_availability hungary "males age 15-49 2,639,860; males fit for military service 2,105,632; males reach military age (18) annually 86,298 (1995 est.)" );; line 51263 (wfb::markup-parameter figure iceland "graphno=\"ic.tif\"" );; line 51277 (wfb::location iceland "Northern Europe, island between the Greenland Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, northwest of the UK" );; line 51281 (wfb::map_references iceland "Arctic Region" );; line 51286 (wfb::area iceland total_area (* 103000 sq_km) );; line 51291 (wfb::area iceland land_area (* 100250 sq_km) );; line 51293 (wfb::area iceland comparative_area "slightly smaller than Kentucky" );; line 51295 (wfb::coastline iceland (* 4988 km) );; line 51303 (wfb::maritime_claims iceland exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 51310 (wfb::maritime_claims iceland territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 51312 (wfb::international_disputes iceland "Rockall continental shelf dispute involving Denmark, Ireland, and the UK (Ireland and the UK have signed a boundary agreement in the Rockall area)" );; line 51316 (wfb::climate iceland "temperate" );; line 51322 (wfb::climate iceland "moderated by North Atlantic Current" );; line 51322 (wfb::climate iceland "mild, windy winters" );; line 51322 (wfb::climate iceland "damp, cool summers" );; line 51322 (wfb::terrain iceland "mostly plateau interspersed with mountain peaks, icefields" );; line 51327 (wfb::terrain iceland "coast deeply indented by bays and fiords" );; line 51327 (wfb::natural-resource iceland fish );; line 51332 (wfb::natural-resource iceland hydropower-natural-resource );; line 51332 (wfb::natural-resource iceland geothermal_power );; line 51332 (wfb::natural-resource iceland diatomite );; line 51332 (wfb::land_use iceland arable_land (* 1 %) );; line 51337 (wfb::land_use iceland permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 51339 (wfb::land_use iceland meadows_and_pastures (* 20 %) );; line 51341 (wfb::land_use iceland forest_and_woodland (* 1 %) );; line 51343 (wfb::land_use iceland other (* 78 %) );; line 51345 (wfb::irrigated_land iceland (* n/a sq_km) );; line 51349 (wfb::environment iceland current_issues "water pollution from fertilizer runoff" );; line 51354 (wfb::environment iceland current_issues "inadequate wastewater treatment" );; line 51354 (wfb::environment iceland natural_hazards "earthquakes and volcanic activity" );; line 51357 (wfb::environment iceland international_agreements "party to - Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands" );; line 51359 (wfb::environment iceland international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Environmental Modification, Marine Life Conservation" );; line 51359 (wfb::note iceland "strategic location between Greenland and Europe; westernmost European country; more land covered by glaciers than in all of continental Europe" );; line 51366 (wfb::estimation-date population iceland date_jul_1995 );; line 51374 (wfb::population iceland 265998 );; line 51374 (wfb::comment population iceland "population data estimates based on average growth rate may differ slightly from official population data because of volatile migration rates" );; line 51376 (wfb::age_structure iceland 0-14_years (* 24 %) );; line 51382 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex iceland 0-14_years female 31482 );; line 51382 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex iceland 0-14_years male 32912 );; line 51382 (wfb::age_structure iceland 15-64_years (* 65 %) );; line 51384 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex iceland 15-64_years female 84559 );; line 51384 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex iceland 15-64_years male 87089 );; line 51384 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure iceland 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 51386 (wfb::age_structure iceland 65_years_and_over (* 11 %) );; line 51386 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex iceland 65_years_and_over female 16554 );; line 51386 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex iceland 65_years_and_over male 13402 );; line 51386 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate iceland date_1995 );; line 51390 (wfb::population_growth_rate iceland (* 0.92 %) );; line 51390 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate iceland date_1995 );; line 51394 (wfb::birth_rate iceland (* 15.85 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 51394 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate iceland date_1995 );; line 51398 (wfb::death_rate iceland (* 6.7 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 51398 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate iceland date_1995 );; line 51402 (wfb::net_migration_rate iceland (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 51402 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate iceland date_1995 );; line 51406 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate iceland (* 4 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 51406 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth iceland total_population (* 78.98 years) );; line 51411 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth iceland male (* 76.69 years) );; line 51413 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth iceland female date_1995 );; line 51415 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth iceland female (* 81.39 years) );; line 51415 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate iceland date_1995 );; line 51419 (wfb::total_fertility_rate iceland (* 2.06 children_born/woman) );; line 51419 (wfb::nationality iceland noun "Icelander(s)" );; line 51424 (wfb::nationality iceland adjective "Icelandic" );; line 51426 (wfb::measurement-date religion date_1988 );; line 51434 (wfb::religion iceland evangelical_lutheran (* 96 %) );; line 51434 (wfb::language iceland icelandic n/a );; line 51439 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition iceland date_1976 );; line 51443 (wfb::literacy-condition iceland "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 51443 (wfb::literacy iceland total_population (* 100 %) );; line 51445 (wfb::total_labor_force iceland 127900 );; line 51449 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force iceland by_occupation date_1990 );; line 51451 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1990 );; line 51451 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation iceland commerce n/a );; line 51451 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation iceland transportation n/a );; line 51451 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation iceland services (* 60.0 %) );; line 51451 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation iceland manufacturing (* 12.5 %) );; line 51451 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation iceland fishing_and_fish_processing (* 11.8 %) );; line 51451 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation iceland construction (* 10.8 %) );; line 51451 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation iceland agriculture (* 4.0 %) );; line 51451 (wfb::names iceland conventional_long_form "Republic of Iceland" );; line 51458 (wfb::names iceland conventional_short_form "Iceland" );; line 51460 (wfb::names iceland local_long_form "Lyoveldio Island" );; line 51462 (wfb::names iceland local_short_form "Island" );; line 51464 (wfb::digraph iceland "IC" );; line 51468 (wfb::type iceland "republic" );; line 51472 (wfb::capital iceland reykjavik-iceland );; line 51476 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_iceland_counties "counties" "syslar" "sysla" );; line 51480 (wfb::administrative_divisions iceland adm_div_iceland_counties 23 );; line 51480 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_iceland_independent_towns "independent towns" "kaupstadhir" "kaupstadhur" );; line 51480 (wfb::administrative_divisions iceland adm_div_iceland_independent_towns 14 );; line 51480 (wfb::administrative_division_of iceland adm_div_iceland_independent_towns "Akranes" );; line 51480 (wfb::administrative_division_of iceland adm_div_iceland_independent_towns "Akureyri" );; line 51480 (wfb::administrative_division_of iceland adm_div_iceland_counties "Arnessysla" );; line 51480 (wfb::administrative_division_of iceland adm_div_iceland_counties "Austur-Bardhastrandarsysla" );; line 51480 (wfb::administrative_division_of iceland adm_div_iceland_counties "Austur-Hunavatnssysla" );; line 51480 (wfb::administrative_division_of iceland adm_div_iceland_counties "Austur-Skaftafellssysla" );; line 51480 (wfb::administrative_division_of iceland adm_div_iceland_counties "Borgarfjardharsysla" );; line 51480 (wfb::administrative_division_of iceland adm_div_iceland_counties "Dalasysla" );; line 51480 (wfb::administrative_division_of iceland adm_div_iceland_counties "Eyjafjardharsysla" );; line 51480 (wfb::administrative_division_of iceland adm_div_iceland_counties "Gullbringusysla" );; line 51480 (wfb::administrative_division_of iceland adm_div_iceland_independent_towns "Hafnarfjordhur" );; line 51480 (wfb::administrative_division_of iceland adm_div_iceland_independent_towns "Husavik" );; line 51480 (wfb::administrative_division_of iceland adm_div_iceland_independent_towns "Isafjordhur" );; line 51480 (wfb::administrative_division_of iceland adm_div_iceland_independent_towns "Keflavik" );; line 51480 (wfb::administrative_division_of iceland adm_div_iceland_counties "Kjosarsysla" );; line 51480 (wfb::administrative_division_of iceland adm_div_iceland_independent_towns "Kopavogur" );; line 51480 (wfb::administrative_division_of iceland adm_div_iceland_counties "Myrasysla" );; line 51480 (wfb::administrative_division_of iceland adm_div_iceland_independent_towns "Neskaupstadhur" );; line 51480 (wfb::administrative_division_of iceland adm_div_iceland_counties "Nordhur-Isafjardharsysla" );; line 51480 (wfb::administrative_division_of iceland adm_div_iceland_counties "Nordhur-Mulasys-la" );; line 51480 (wfb::administrative_division_of iceland adm_div_iceland_counties "Nordhur-Thingeyjarsysla" );; line 51480 (wfb::administrative_division_of iceland adm_div_iceland_independent_towns "Olafsfjordhur" );; line 51480 (wfb::administrative_division_of iceland adm_div_iceland_counties "Rangarvallasysla" );; line 51480 (wfb::administrative_division_of iceland adm_div_iceland_independent_towns "Reykjavik" );; line 51480 (wfb::administrative_division_of iceland adm_div_iceland_independent_towns "Saudharkrokur" );; line 51480 (wfb::administrative_division_of iceland adm_div_iceland_independent_towns "Seydhisfjordhur" );; line 51480 (wfb::administrative_division_of iceland adm_div_iceland_independent_towns "Siglufjordhur" );; line 51480 (wfb::administrative_division_of iceland adm_div_iceland_counties "Skagafjardharsysla" );; line 51480 (wfb::administrative_division_of iceland adm_div_iceland_counties "Snaefellsnes-og Hnappadalssysla" );; line 51480 (wfb::administrative_division_of iceland adm_div_iceland_counties "Strandasysla" );; line 51480 (wfb::administrative_division_of iceland adm_div_iceland_counties "Sudhur-Mulasysla" );; line 51480 (wfb::administrative_division_of iceland adm_div_iceland_counties "Sudhur-Thingeyjarsysla" );; line 51480 (wfb::administrative_division_of iceland adm_div_iceland_independent_towns "Vesttmannaeyjar" );; line 51480 (wfb::administrative_division_of iceland adm_div_iceland_counties "Vestur-Bardhastrandarsysla" );; line 51480 (wfb::administrative_division_of iceland adm_div_iceland_counties "Vestur-Hunavatnssysla" );; line 51480 (wfb::administrative_division_of iceland adm_div_iceland_counties "Vestur-Isafjardharsysla" );; line 51480 (wfb::administrative_division_of iceland adm_div_iceland_counties "Vestur-Skaftafellssysla" );; line 51480 (wfb::independence iceland date_17_jun_1944 "Denmark" );; line 51493 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1944 );; line 51497 (wfb::comment national_holiday iceland "1944" );; line 51497 (wfb::national_holiday iceland "Anniversary of the Establishment of the Republic" date_17_jun );; line 51497 (wfb::constitution iceland "16 June 1944, effective 17 June 1944" );; line 51501 (wfb::legal_system iceland "civil law system based on Danish law; does not accept compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 51505 (wfb::comment suffrage iceland " universal" );; line 51510 (wfb::suffrage iceland (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 51510 (wfb::comment executive_branch iceland chief_of_state "election last held on 29 June 1988 (next scheduled for June 1996)" );; line 51515 (wfb::comment executive_branch iceland chief_of_state "results - there was no election in 1992 as President Vigdis FINNBOGADOTTIR was unopposed" );; line 51515 (wfb::executive_branch iceland chief_of_state "President Vigdis FINNBOGADOTTIR " date_1_aug_1980 );; line 51515 (wfb::executive_branch iceland head_of_government "Prime Minister David ODDSSON " date_30_apr_1991 );; line 51519 (wfb::comment executive_branch iceland cabinet "appointed by the president" );; line 51521 (wfb::executive_branch iceland cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 51521 (wfb::legislative_structure iceland unicameral n/a );; line 51525 (wfb::legislative_branch iceland "Parliament (Althing)" "elections last held on 8 April 1995 (next to be held by April 1999); results - Independence Party 37.1%, Progressive Party 23.3%, Social Democratic Party 11.4%, Socialists 14.3%, People's Movement 7.2%, Women's Party 4.9%; seats - (63 total) Independence 25, Progressive 15, Social Democratic 7, Socialists 9, People's Movement 4, Women's Party 3" );; line 51527 (wfb::judicial_branch iceland "Supreme Court (Haestirettur)" );; line 51535 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders iceland "Independence Party (conservative), David ODDSSON; Progressive Party, Halldor ASGRIMSSON; Social Democratic Party, Jon Baldvin HANNIBALSSON; People's Alliance (left socialist), Olafur Ragnar GRIMSSON; Women's Party; People's Movement (moderate left); National Awakening, Johanna SIGURDARDOTTIR" );; line 51539 (wfb::member_of iceland australia_group );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland bis );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland ccc );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland ce );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland ebrd );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland ece );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland efta );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland fao );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland gatt );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland iaea );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland ibrd );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland icao );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland icc );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland icftu );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland icrm );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland ida );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland ifc );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland ifrcs );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland ilo );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland imf );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland imo );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland inmarsat );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland intelsat );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland interpol );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland ioc );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland iso );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland itu );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland mtcr );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland nacc );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland nato );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland nc );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland nea );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland nib );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland oecd );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland osce );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland pca );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland un );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland unctad );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland unesco );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland unu );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland upu );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland weu );; line 51546 (wfb::comment member_of iceland weu "associate" );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland who );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland wipo );; line 51546 (wfb::member_of iceland wmo );; line 51546 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us iceland chief_of_mission "Ambassador Einar BENEDIKTSSON" );; line 51554 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us iceland chancery "Suite 1200, 1156 15th Street NW, Washington, DC 20005" );; line 51556 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us iceland telephone "[1] (202) 265-6653 through 6655" );; line 51558 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us iceland fax "[1] (202) 265-6656" );; line 51560 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us iceland |consulate(s) general| "New York" );; line 51562 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation iceland chief_of_mission "Ambassador Parker W. BORG" );; line 51567 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation iceland embassy "Laufasvegur 21, Box 40, Reykjavik" );; line 51569 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation iceland mailing_address "US Embassy, PSC 1003, Box 40, Reykjavik; FPO AE 09728-0340" );; line 51571 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation iceland telephone "[354] (1) 629100" );; line 51573 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation iceland fax "[354] (1) 629139" );; line 51575 (wfb::flag iceland "blue with a red cross outlined in white that extends to the edges of the flag; the vertical part of the cross is shifted to the hoist side in the style of the Dannebrog (Danish flag)" );; line 51579 (wfb::overview iceland "Iceland's Scandinavian-type economy is basically capitalistic, but with an extensive welfare system, relatively low unemployment, and comparatively even distribution of income. The economy is heavily dependent on the fishing industry, which provides nearly 75% of export earnings and employs 12% of the work force. In the absence of other natural resources - except energy - Iceland's economy is vulnerable to changing world fish prices. The economy, in recession since 1988, began to recover in 1993, posting 0.4% growth, but was still hampered by cutbacks in fish quotas as well as falling world prices for its main exports: fish and fish products, aluminum, and ferrosilicon. Real GDP grew by perhaps 2.4% in 1994. The center-right government plans to continue its policies of reducing the budget and current account deficits, limiting foreign borrowing, containing inflation, revising agricultural and fishing policies, diversifying the economy, and privatizing state-owned industries. The government, however, remains divided on the issue of EU membership, primarily because of Icelanders' concern about losing control over their fishing resources." );; line 51586 (wfb::estimation-date national_product iceland date_1994 );; line 51605 (wfb::national_product iceland (* 4.5e9 $) );; line 51605 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate iceland date_1994 );; line 51609 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate iceland (* 2.4 %) );; line 51609 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita iceland date_1994 );; line 51613 (wfb::national_product_per_capita iceland (* 17250 $) );; line 51613 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| iceland "1.3% (1994 est.)" );; line 51617 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate iceland date_1994 );; line 51621 (wfb::unemployment_rate iceland (* 7 %) );; line 51621 (wfb::budget iceland revenues (* 1.9e9 $) );; line 51626 (wfb::estimation-date budget iceland date_1994 );; line 51628 (wfb::budget iceland expenditures (* 2.1e9 $) );; line 51628 (wfb::budget iceland capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 51628 (wfb::exports iceland (* 1.4e9 $) );; line 51632 (wfb::exports iceland commodities fish_and_fish_products n/a );; line 51634 (wfb::exports iceland commodities animal_products n/a );; line 51634 (wfb::exports iceland commodities aluminum n/a );; line 51634 (wfb::exports iceland commodities ferrosilicon n/a );; line 51634 (wfb::exports iceland commodities diatomite-commodity n/a );; line 51634 (wfb::measurement-date exports iceland date_1992 );; line 51637 (wfb::comment exports iceland "UK 25%, Germany 12%" );; line 51637 (wfb::exports iceland partners ec (* 68 %) );; line 51637 (wfb::exports iceland partners us (* 11 %) );; line 51637 (wfb::exports iceland partners japan (* 8 %) );; line 51637 (wfb::imports iceland (* 1.3e9 $) );; line 51641 (wfb::imports iceland commodities machinery_and_transportation_equipment n/a );; line 51643 (wfb::imports iceland commodities petroleum_products-commodity n/a );; line 51643 (wfb::imports iceland commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 51643 (wfb::imports iceland commodities textiles-commodity n/a );; line 51643 (wfb::measurement-date imports iceland date_1992 );; line 51646 (wfb::comment imports iceland "Germany 14%, Denmark 10%, UK 9%" );; line 51646 (wfb::imports iceland partners ec (* 53 %) );; line 51646 (wfb::imports iceland partners norway (* 14 %) );; line 51646 (wfb::imports iceland partners us (* 9 %) );; line 51646 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt iceland date_1993 );; line 51651 (wfb::external_debt iceland (* 2.5e9 $) );; line 51651 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1991 );; line 51655 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production iceland date_1991 );; line 51655 (wfb::industrial_production iceland growth_rate (* 1.75 %) );; line 51655 (wfb::electricity iceland capacity (* 1070000 kw) );; line 51660 (wfb::electricity iceland production (* 4.7e9 kwh) );; line 51662 (wfb::measurement-date electricity iceland consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 51664 (wfb::electricity iceland consumption_per_capita (* 16458 kwh) );; line 51664 (wfb::industry iceland fish_processing );; line 51668 (wfb::industry iceland aluminum_smelting );; line 51668 (wfb::industry iceland ferro-silicon_production );; line 51668 (wfb::industry iceland geothermal_power-industry );; line 51668 (wfb::agriculture iceland "accounts for about 15% of GDP; fishing is most important economic activity, contributing nearly 75% to export earnings; principal crops - potatoes, turnips; livestock - cattle, sheep; fish catch of about 1.1 million metric tons in 1992" );; line 51673 (wfb::economic_aid iceland recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-81), $19.1 million" );; line 51681 (wfb::abbreviation icelandic_krona "IKr" );; line 51685 (wfb::currency iceland icelandic_krona 100 aurar );; line 51685 (wfb::exchange_rates iceland "Icelandic kronur (IKr) per US$1 - 67.760 (January 1995), 69.944 (1994), 67.603 (1993), 57.546 (1992), 58.996 (1991), 58.284 (1990)" );; line 51689 (wfb::fiscal_year iceland date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 51694 (wfb::railroads iceland "0 km" );; line 51699 (wfb::highways iceland total (* 11373 km) );; line 51704 (wfb::highways iceland paved (* 2513 km) );; line 51706 (wfb::measurement-date highways iceland date_1992 );; line 51708 (wfb::highways iceland (union gravel earth ) (* 8860 km) );; line 51708 (wfb::port iceland akureyri-iceland );; line 51712 (wfb::port iceland hornafjordur-iceland );; line 51712 (wfb::port iceland isafjordur-iceland );; line 51712 (wfb::port iceland keflavik-iceland );; line 51712 (wfb::port iceland raufarhofn-iceland );; line 51712 (wfb::port iceland reykjavik-iceland );; line 51712 (wfb::port iceland seydhisfjordhur-iceland );; line 51712 (wfb::port iceland straumsvik-iceland );; line 51712 (wfb::port iceland vestmannaeyjar-iceland );; line 51712 (wfb::merchant_marine iceland total "6 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 30,025 GRT/40,410 DWT" );; line 51718 (wfb::merchant_marine iceland ships_by_type "cargo 1, chemical tanker 1, oil tanker 1, refrigerated cargo 1, roll-on/roll-off cargo 2" );; line 51720 (wfb::airports iceland total 90 );; line 51726 (wfb::airports iceland |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 51728 (wfb::airports iceland |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 3 );; line 51730 (wfb::airports iceland |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 6 );; line 51732 (wfb::airports iceland with_paved_runways_under_914_m 53 );; line 51734 (wfb::airports iceland |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 4 );; line 51736 (wfb::airports iceland |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 23 );; line 51738 (wfb::telephone_system iceland "140,000 telephones; adequate domestic service" );; line 51743 (wfb::telephone_system iceland local "NA" );; line 51745 (wfb::telephone_system iceland intercity "the trunk network consists of coaxial and fiber-optic cables and microwave radio relay links" );; line 51747 (wfb::telephone_system iceland international "2 earth stations carry all international traffic through an Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT satellite" );; line 51750 (wfb::radio iceland broadcast_stations am 5 );; line 51756 (wfb::comment radio iceland broadcast_stations fm "transmitters and repeaters" );; line 51756 (wfb::radio iceland broadcast_stations fm 147 );; line 51756 (wfb::radio iceland broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 51756 (wfb::radio iceland radios n/a );; line 51758 (wfb::comment television iceland broadcast_stations "transmitters and repeaters" );; line 51763 (wfb::television iceland broadcast_stations 202 );; line 51763 (wfb::television iceland televisions n/a );; line 51765 (wfb::defense_branch iceland no_regular_armed_forces_iceland );; line 51771 (wfb::defense_branch iceland police_iceland );; line 51771 (wfb::defense_branch iceland coast_guard_iceland );; line 51771 (wfb::manpower_availability iceland "males age 15-49 70,743; males fit for military service 62,698 (1995 est.)" );; line 51777 (wfb::markup-parameter figure india "graphno=\"in.tif\"" );; line 51788 (wfb::location india "Southern Asia, bordering the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal, between Bangladesh and Pakistan" );; line 51792 (wfb::map_references india "Asia" );; line 51797 (wfb::area india comparative_area "slightly more than one-third the size of the US" );; line 51806 (wfb::borders india total (* 14103 km) );; line 51810 (wfb::borders india bangladesh (* 4053 km) );; line 51810 (wfb::borders india bhutan (* 605 km) );; line 51810 (wfb::borders india burma (* 1463 km) );; line 51810 (wfb::borders india china (* 3380 km) );; line 51810 (wfb::borders india nepal (* 1690 km) );; line 51810 (wfb::borders india pakistan (* 2912 km) );; line 51810 (wfb::coastline india (* 7000 km) );; line 51815 (wfb::maritime_claims india contiguous_zone (* 24 nm) );; line 51820 (wfb::maritime_claims india exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 51824 (wfb::maritime_claims india territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 51826 (wfb::international_disputes india "boundaries with Bangladesh and China" );; line 51830 (wfb::international_disputes india "status of Kashmir with Pakistan" );; line 51830 (wfb::international_disputes india "water-sharing problems with downstream riparians, Bangladesh over the Ganges and Pakistan over the Indus" );; line 51830 (wfb::climate india "varies from tropical monsoon in south to temperate in north" );; line 51836 (wfb::terrain india "upland plain (Deccan Plateau) in south, flat to rolling plain along the Ganges, deserts in west, Himalayas in north" );; line 51840 (wfb::natural-resource india |coal (fourth-largest reserves in the world)| );; line 51845 (wfb::natural-resource india iron_ore );; line 51845 (wfb::natural-resource india manganese );; line 51845 (wfb::natural-resource india mica );; line 51845 (wfb::natural-resource india bauxite );; line 51845 (wfb::natural-resource india titanium_ore );; line 51845 (wfb::natural-resource india chromite );; line 51845 (wfb::natural-resource india natural_gas );; line 51845 (wfb::natural-resource india diamonds );; line 51845 (wfb::natural-resource india petroleum );; line 51845 (wfb::natural-resource india limestone );; line 51845 (wfb::land_use india arable_land (* 55 %) );; line 51852 (wfb::land_use india permanent_crops (* 1 %) );; line 51854 (wfb::land_use india meadows_and_pastures (* 4 %) );; line 51856 (wfb::land_use india forest_and_woodland (* 23 %) );; line 51858 (wfb::land_use india other (* 17 %) );; line 51860 (wfb::measurement-date irrigated_land india date_1989 );; line 51864 (wfb::irrigated_land india (* 430390 sq_km) );; line 51864 (wfb::environment india current_issues "deforestation" );; line 51869 (wfb::environment india current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 51869 (wfb::environment india current_issues "overgrazing" );; line 51869 (wfb::environment india current_issues "desertification" );; line 51869 (wfb::environment india current_issues "air pollution from industrial effluents and vehicle emissions" );; line 51869 (wfb::environment india current_issues "water pollution from raw sewage and runoff of agricultural pesticides" );; line 51869 (wfb::environment india current_issues "tap water is not potable throughout the country" );; line 51869 (wfb::environment india current_issues "huge and rapidly growing population is overstraining natural resources" );; line 51869 (wfb::environment india natural_hazards "droughts, flash floods, severe thunderstorms common" );; line 51875 (wfb::environment india natural_hazards "earthquakes" );; line 51875 (wfb::environment india international_agreements "party to - Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber, Wetlands, Whaling" );; line 51877 (wfb::environment india international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Desertification, Law of the Sea" );; line 51877 (wfb::note india "dominates South Asian subcontinent; near important Indian Ocean trade routes" );; line 51885 (wfb::estimation-date population india date_jul_1995 );; line 51892 (wfb::population india 936545814 );; line 51892 (wfb::age_structure india 0-14_years (* 35 %) );; line 51897 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex india 0-14_years female 159921309 );; line 51897 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex india 0-14_years male 168812255 );; line 51897 (wfb::age_structure india 15-64_years (* 61 %) );; line 51899 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex india 15-64_years female 274105407 );; line 51899 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex india 15-64_years male 296145798 );; line 51899 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure india 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 51901 (wfb::age_structure india 65_years_and_over (* 4 %) );; line 51901 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex india 65_years_and_over female 18870762 );; line 51901 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex india 65_years_and_over male 18690283 );; line 51901 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate india date_1995 );; line 51905 (wfb::population_growth_rate india (* 1.77 %) );; line 51905 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate india date_1995 );; line 51909 (wfb::birth_rate india (* 27.78 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 51909 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate india date_1995 );; line 51913 (wfb::death_rate india (* 10.07 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 51913 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate india date_1995 );; line 51917 (wfb::net_migration_rate india (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 51917 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate india date_1995 );; line 51921 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate india (* 76.3 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 51921 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth india total_population (* 59.04 years) );; line 51926 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth india male (* 58.5 years) );; line 51928 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth india female date_1995 );; line 51930 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth india female (* 59.61 years) );; line 51930 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate india date_1995 );; line 51934 (wfb::total_fertility_rate india (* 3.4 children_born/woman) );; line 51934 (wfb::nationality india noun "Indian(s)" );; line 51939 (wfb::nationality india adjective "Indian" );; line 51941 (wfb::ethnic-entity india indo-aryan (* 72 %) );; line 51945 (wfb::ethnic-entity india dravidian (* 25 %) );; line 51945 (wfb::ethnic-entity india mongoloid_and_other (* 3 %) );; line 51945 (wfb::religion india hindu (* 80 %) );; line 51949 (wfb::religion india muslim (* 14 %) );; line 51949 (wfb::religion india christian (* 2.4 %) );; line 51949 (wfb::religion india sikh (* 2 %) );; line 51949 (wfb::religion india buddhist (* 0.7 %) );; line 51949 (wfb::religion india jains (* 0.5 %) );; line 51949 (wfb::language india political n/a );; line 51954 (wfb::language india commercial_communication n/a );; line 51954 (wfb::language india bengali-language-group n/a );; line 51954 (wfb::comment language india bengali-language-group "official" );; line 51954 (wfb::language india telugu n/a );; line 51954 (wfb::comment language india telugu "official" );; line 51954 (wfb::language india marathi n/a );; line 51954 (wfb::comment language india marathi "official" );; line 51954 (wfb::language india tamil n/a );; line 51954 (wfb::comment language india tamil "official" );; line 51954 (wfb::language india urdu n/a );; line 51954 (wfb::comment language india urdu "official" );; line 51954 (wfb::language india gujarati n/a );; line 51954 (wfb::comment language india gujarati "official" );; line 51954 (wfb::language india malayalam n/a );; line 51954 (wfb::comment language india malayalam "official" );; line 51954 (wfb::language india kannada n/a );; line 51954 (wfb::comment language india kannada "official" );; line 51954 (wfb::language india oriya n/a );; line 51954 (wfb::comment language india oriya "official" );; line 51954 (wfb::language india punjabi n/a );; line 51954 (wfb::comment language india punjabi "official" );; line 51954 (wfb::language india assamese n/a );; line 51954 (wfb::comment language india assamese "official" );; line 51954 (wfb::language india kashmiri n/a );; line 51954 (wfb::comment language india kashmiri "official" );; line 51954 (wfb::language india sindhi n/a );; line 51954 (wfb::comment language india sindhi "official" );; line 51954 (wfb::language india sanskrit n/a );; line 51954 (wfb::comment language india sanskrit "official" );; line 51954 (wfb::language india hindustani_a_popular_variant_of_hindu/urdu n/a );; line 51954 (wfb::language india is_spoken_widely_throughout_northern_india n/a );; line 51954 (wfb::comment languages india "24 languages each spoken by a million or more persons; numerous other languages and dialects, for the most part mutually unintelligible" );; line 51963 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition india date_1991 );; line 51968 (wfb::literacy-condition india "age 7 and over can read and write" );; line 51968 (wfb::literacy india total_population (* 52 %) );; line 51970 (wfb::literacy india male (* 64 %) );; line 51972 (wfb::literacy india female (* 39 %) );; line 51974 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force india date_1990 );; line 51978 (wfb::total_labor_force india 314.751e6 );; line 51978 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force india by_occupation date_1993 );; line 51980 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1993 );; line 51980 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation india agriculture (* 65 %) );; line 51980 (wfb::names india conventional_long_form "Republic of India" );; line 51986 (wfb::names india conventional_short_form "India" );; line 51988 (wfb::digraph india "IN" );; line 51992 (wfb::type india "federal republic" );; line 51996 (wfb::capital india new_delhi-india );; line 52000 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_india_states "states" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 52004 (wfb::administrative_divisions india adm_div_india_states 25 );; line 52004 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_india_union_territories "union territories" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 52004 (wfb::administrative_divisions india adm_div_india_union_territories 7 );; line 52004 (wfb::administrative_division_of india adm_div_india_union_territories "Andaman and Nicobar Islands" );; line 52004 (wfb::administrative_division_of india adm_div_india_states "Andhra Pradesh" );; line 52004 (wfb::administrative_division_of india adm_div_india_states "Arunachal Pradesh" );; line 52004 (wfb::administrative_division_of india adm_div_india_states "Assam" );; line 52004 (wfb::administrative_division_of india adm_div_india_states "Bihar" );; line 52004 (wfb::administrative_division_of india adm_div_india_union_territories "Chandigarh" );; line 52004 (wfb::administrative_division_of india adm_div_india_union_territories "Dadra and Nagar Haveli" );; line 52004 (wfb::administrative_division_of india adm_div_india_union_territories "Daman and Diu" );; line 52004 (wfb::administrative_division_of india adm_div_india_union_territories "Delhi" );; line 52004 (wfb::administrative_division_of india adm_div_india_states "Goa" );; line 52004 (wfb::administrative_division_of india adm_div_india_states "Gujarat" );; line 52004 (wfb::administrative_division_of india adm_div_india_states "Haryana" );; line 52004 (wfb::administrative_division_of india adm_div_india_states "Himachal Pradesh" );; line 52004 (wfb::administrative_division_of india adm_div_india_states "Jammu and Kashmir" );; line 52004 (wfb::administrative_division_of india adm_div_india_states "Karnataka" );; line 52004 (wfb::administrative_division_of india adm_div_india_states "Kerala" );; line 52004 (wfb::administrative_division_of india adm_div_india_union_territories "Lakshadweep" );; line 52004 (wfb::administrative_division_of india adm_div_india_states "Madhya Pradesh" );; line 52004 (wfb::administrative_division_of india adm_div_india_states "Maharashtra" );; line 52004 (wfb::administrative_division_of india adm_div_india_states "Manipur" );; line 52004 (wfb::administrative_division_of india adm_div_india_states "Meghalaya" );; line 52004 (wfb::administrative_division_of india adm_div_india_states "Mizoram" );; line 52004 (wfb::administrative_division_of india adm_div_india_states "Nagaland" );; line 52004 (wfb::administrative_division_of india adm_div_india_states "Orissa" );; line 52004 (wfb::administrative_division_of india adm_div_india_union_territories "Pondicherry" );; line 52004 (wfb::administrative_division_of india adm_div_india_states "Punjab" );; line 52004 (wfb::administrative_division_of india adm_div_india_states "Rajasthan" );; line 52004 (wfb::administrative_division_of india adm_div_india_states "Sikkim" );; line 52004 (wfb::administrative_division_of india adm_div_india_states "Tamil Nadu" );; line 52004 (wfb::administrative_division_of india adm_div_india_states "Tripura" );; line 52004 (wfb::administrative_division_of india adm_div_india_states "Uttar Pradesh" );; line 52004 (wfb::administrative_division_of india adm_div_india_states "West Bengal" );; line 52004 (wfb::independence india date_15_aug_1947 "UK" );; line 52013 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1950 );; line 52017 (wfb::comment national_holiday india "1950" );; line 52017 (wfb::national_holiday india "Anniversary of the Proclamation of the Republic" date_26_jan );; line 52017 (wfb::constitution india "26 January 1950" );; line 52022 (wfb::legal_system india "based on English common law; limited judicial review of legislative acts; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations" );; line 52026 (wfb::comment suffrage india " universal" );; line 52031 (wfb::suffrage india (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 52031 (wfb::comment executive_branch india chief_of_state "Vice President Kicheril Raman NARAYANAN (since 21 August 1992)" );; line 52036 (wfb::executive_branch india chief_of_state "President Shankar Dayal SHARMA " date_25_jul_1992 );; line 52036 (wfb::executive_branch india head_of_government "Prime Minister P. V. Narasimha RAO " date_21_jun_1991 );; line 52039 (wfb::comment executive_branch india cabinet "appointed by the president on recommendation of the prime minister" );; line 52041 (wfb::executive_branch india cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 52041 (wfb::legislative_structure india bicameral "Parliament (Sansad)" );; line 52046 (wfb::legislative_branch india "Council of States (Rajya Sabha)" "body consisting of not more than 250 members, up to 12 appointed by the president, the remainder chosen by the elected members of the state and territorial assemblies" );; line 52048 (wfb::legislative_branch india "People's Assembly (Lok Sabha)" "elections last held 21 May, 12 and 15 June 1991 (next to be held by 1996); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (545 total, 543 elected, 2 appointed) Congress (I) Party 245, BJP 119, Janata Dal Party 39, Janata Dal (Ajit Singh) 20, CPI/M 35, CPI 14, Telugu Desam 13, AIADMK 11, Samajwadi Janata Party 5, Shiv Sena 4, RSP 4, BSP 1, Congress (S) Party 1, other 23, vacant 9; note - the distribution of seats as of 18 January 1995 is as follows: Congress (I) Party 260, BJP 117, CPI/M 36, Janata Dal Party 24, Samta Party 14, CPI 14, AIADMK 12, Janata Dal (Ajit) 7, Telugu Desam 7, RSP 4, Janata Dal (Ex-Ajit) 3, Samajwadi Party 3, BSP 3, AIFB 3, Shiv Sena 2, Congress (S) Party 1, Kerala Congress (Mani faction) 1, Bihar Peoples Party 1, India National League 1, other 14, vacant 16" );; line 52052 (wfb::judicial_branch india "Supreme Court" );; line 52066 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders india "Congress (I) Party, P. V. Narasimha RAO, president; Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), L.K. ADVANI; Janata Dal Party, S.R. BOMMAI; Janata Dal (Ajit), Ajit SINGH; Janata Dal (Ex-Ajit), leader NA; Communist Party of India/Marxist (CPI/M), Harkishan Singh SURJEET; Communist Party of India (CPI), Indrajit GUPTA; Telugu Desam (a regional party in Andhra Pradesh), N. T. Rama RAO; All-India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazagham (AIADMK; a regional party in Tamil Nadu), Jayaram JAYALALITHA; Samajwadi Party (SP), Mulayam Singh YADAV (President), Om Prakash CHAUTALA, Devi LAL; Shiv Sena, Bal THACKERAY; Revolutionary Socialist Party (RSP), Tridip CHOWDHURY; Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP), Kanshi RAM; Congress (S) Party, leader NA; Communist Party of India/Marxist-Leninist (CPI/ML), Vinod MISHRA; Dravida Munnetra Kazagham (a regional party in Tamil Nadu), M. KARUNANIDHI; Akali Dal factions representing Sikh religious community in the Punjab; National Conference (NC; a regional party in Jammu and Kashmir), Farooq ABDULLAH; Bihar Peoples Party, Lovely ANAND; Samta Party (formerly Janata Dal members), Natish KUMAR; Indian National League, Suliaman SAIT; Kerala Congress (Mani faction), K.M. MANI; All India Forward Bloc (AIFB), Prem Dutta PALIWAL (Chairman), Chitta BASU (General Secretary)" );; line 52070 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups india "various separatist groups seeking greater communal and/or regional autonomy; numerous religious or militant/chauvinistic organizations, including Adam Sena, Ananda Marg, Vishwa Hindu Parishad, and Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh" );; line 52090 (wfb::member_of india afdb );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india ag );; line 52097 (wfb::comment member_of india ag "observer" );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india asdb );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india c );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india ccc );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india cp );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india escap );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india fao );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india g-_6 );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india g-15 );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india g-19 );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india g-24 );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india g-77 );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india gatt );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india iaea );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india ibrd );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india icao );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india icc );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india icftu );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india icrm );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india ida );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india ifad );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india ifc );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india ifrcs );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india ilo );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india imf );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india imo );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india inmarsat );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india intelsat );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india interpol );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india ioc );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india iom );; line 52097 (wfb::comment member_of india iom "observer" );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india iso );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india itu );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india nam );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india oas );; line 52097 (wfb::comment member_of india oas "observer" );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india pca );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india saarc );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india un );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india unavem_ii );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india unctad );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india unesco );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india unido );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india unikom );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india unitar );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india unomil );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india unomoz );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india unosom );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india unu );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india upu );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india wftu );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india who );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india wipo );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india wmo );; line 52097 (wfb::member_of india wto );; line 52097 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us india chief_of_mission "Ambassador Siddhartha Shankar RAY" );; line 52106 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us india chancery "2107 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 52108 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us india telephone "[1] (202) 939-7000" );; line 52110 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us india |consulate(s) general| "Chicago, New York, and San Francisco" );; line 52112 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation india chief_of_mission "Ambassador Frank G. WISNER" );; line 52117 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation india embassy "Shanti Path, Chanakyapuri 110021, New Delhi" );; line 52119 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation india mailing_address "use embassy street address" );; line 52121 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation india telephone "[91] (11) 600651" );; line 52123 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation india fax "[91] (11) 6872028" );; line 52125 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation india |consulate(s) general| "Bombay, Calcutta, Madras" );; line 52127 (wfb::flag india "three equal horizontal bands of orange (top), white, and green with a blue chakra (24-spoked wheel) centered in the white band; similar to the flag of Niger, which has a small orange disk centered in the white band" );; line 52131 (wfb::overview india "India's economy is a mixture of traditional village farming, modern agriculture, handicrafts, a wide range of modern industries, and a multitude of support services. Faster economic growth in the 1980s permitted a significant increase in real per capita private consumption. A large share of the population, perhaps as much as 40%, remains too poor to afford an adequate diet. Financial strains in 1990 and 1991 prompted government austerity measures that slowed industrial growth but permitted India to meet its international payment obligations without rescheduling its debt. Production, trade, and investment reforms since 1991 have provided new opportunities for Indian businessmen and an estimated 100 million to 200 million middle class consumers. New Delhi has always paid its foreign debts on schedule and has stimulated exports, attracted foreign investment, and revived confidence in India's economic prospects. Foreign exchange reserves, precariously low three years ago, now total more than $19 billion. Positive factors for the remainder of the 1990s are India's strong entrepreneurial class and the central government's recognition of the continuing need for market-oriented approaches to economic development, for example in upgrading the wholly inadequate communications facilities. Negative factors include the desperate poverty of hundreds of millions of Indians and the impact of the huge and expanding population on an already overloaded environment." );; line 52139 (wfb::estimation-date national_product india date_1994 );; line 52162 (wfb::national_product india (* 1.2539e12 $) );; line 52162 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate india date_1994 );; line 52166 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate india (* 5 %) );; line 52166 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita india date_1994 );; line 52170 (wfb::national_product_per_capita india (* 1360 $) );; line 52170 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| india "10% (1994 est.)" );; line 52174 (wfb::unemployment_rate india (* n/a %) );; line 52178 (wfb::budget india revenues (* 30.85e9 $) );; line 52183 (wfb::for-fiscal-year budget india 93 );; line 52185 (wfb::budget india expenditures (* 48.35e9 $) );; line 52185 (wfb::budget india capital_expenditures (* 10.5e9 $) );; line 52185 (wfb::exports india (* 24.4e9 $) );; line 52190 (wfb::exports india commodities clothing-commodity n/a );; line 52192 (wfb::exports india commodities gems_and_jewelry n/a );; line 52192 (wfb::exports india commodities engineering_goods n/a );; line 52192 (wfb::exports india commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 52192 (wfb::exports india commodities leather_manufactures n/a );; line 52192 (wfb::exports india commodities cotton_yarn n/a );; line 52192 (wfb::exports india commodities fabric n/a );; line 52192 (wfb::exports india partners us n/a );; line 52195 (wfb::exports india partners japan n/a );; line 52195 (wfb::exports india partners germany n/a );; line 52195 (wfb::exports india partners uk n/a );; line 52195 (wfb::exports india partners hong_kong n/a );; line 52195 (wfb::imports india (* 25.5e9 $) );; line 52199 (wfb::imports india commodities crude_oil_and_petroleum_products n/a );; line 52201 (wfb::imports india commodities machinery n/a );; line 52201 (wfb::imports india commodities gems n/a );; line 52201 (wfb::imports india commodities fertilizer-commodity n/a );; line 52201 (wfb::imports india commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 52201 (wfb::imports india partners us n/a );; line 52204 (wfb::imports india partners germany n/a );; line 52204 (wfb::imports india partners saudi_arabia n/a );; line 52204 (wfb::imports india partners uk n/a );; line 52204 (wfb::imports india partners belgium n/a );; line 52204 (wfb::imports india partners japan n/a );; line 52204 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt india date_nov_1994 );; line 52208 (wfb::external_debt india (* 89.2e9 $) );; line 52208 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 52212 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production india date_1994 );; line 52212 (wfb::industrial_production india growth_rate (* 7 %) );; line 52212 (wfb::industrial_production india accounts_for (* 28 %_of_gdp) );; line 52212 (wfb::electricity india capacity (* 81200000 kw) );; line 52217 (wfb::electricity india production (* 314e9 kwh) );; line 52219 (wfb::measurement-date electricity india consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 52221 (wfb::electricity india consumption_per_capita (* 324 kwh) );; line 52221 (wfb::industry india textiles );; line 52225 (wfb::industry india chemicals );; line 52225 (wfb::industry india food_processing );; line 52225 (wfb::industry india steel );; line 52225 (wfb::industry india transportation_equipment-industry );; line 52225 (wfb::industry india cement );; line 52225 (wfb::industry india mining );; line 52225 (wfb::industry india petroleum-industry );; line 52225 (wfb::industry india machinery-industry );; line 52225 (wfb::agriculture india "accounts for 34% of GDP; principal crops - rice, wheat, oilseeds, cotton, jute, tea, sugarcane, potatoes; livestock - cattle, buffaloes, sheep, goats, poultry; fish catch of about 3 million metric tons ranks India among the world's top 10 fishing nations" );; line 52230 (wfb::illicit_drugs india "licit producer of opium poppy for the pharmaceutical trade, but an undetermined quantity of opium is diverted to illicit international drug markets; major transit country for illicit narcotics produced in neighboring countries; illicit producer of hashish and methaqualone; produced 82 metric tons of illicit opium in 1994" );; line 52237 (wfb::economic_aid india recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $4.4 billion; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1980-89), $31.7 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $315 million; USSR (1970-89), $11.6 billion; Eastern Europe (1970-89), $105 million" );; line 52246 (wfb::abbreviation indian_rupee "Re" );; line 52253 (wfb::currency india indian_rupee 100 paise );; line 52253 (wfb::exchange_rates india "Indian rupees (Rs) per US$1 - 31.374 (January 1995), 31.374 (1994), 30.493 (1993), 25.918 (1992), 22.742 (1991), 17.504 (1990)" );; line 52257 (wfb::fiscal_year india date_1_apr date_31_mar );; line 52262 (wfb::railroads india total "62,211 km (6,500 km electrified; 12,617 km double track)" );; line 52268 (wfb::railroads india broad_gauge "34,544 km 1.676-m gauge" );; line 52270 (wfb::railroads india narrow_gauge "23,599 km 1.000-m gauge; 4,068 km 0.762-m and 0.610-m gauge (1994 est.)" );; line 52272 (wfb::highways india total (* 1.97e6 km) );; line 52278 (wfb::highways india paved (* 960000 km) );; line 52280 (wfb::measurement-date highways india date_1989 );; line 52282 (wfb::highways india (union gravel crushed_stone earth ) (* 1.01e6 km) );; line 52282 (wfb::inland_waterways india "16,180 km; 3,631 km navigable by large vessels" );; line 52286 (wfb::measurement-date pipelines date_1989 );; line 52290 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 3497 km) );; line 52290 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 1703 km) );; line 52290 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 902 km) );; line 52290 (wfb::port india bombay-india );; line 52295 (wfb::port india calcutta-india );; line 52295 (wfb::port india cochin-india );; line 52295 (wfb::port india haldia-india );; line 52295 (wfb::port india kandla-india );; line 52295 (wfb::port india madras-india );; line 52295 (wfb::port india mormugao-india );; line 52295 (wfb::port india new_mangalore-india );; line 52295 (wfb::port india pondicherry-india );; line 52295 (wfb::port india port_blair-india );; line 52295 (wfb::comment port india port_blair-india "Andaman Islands" );; line 52295 (wfb::port india tuticorin-india );; line 52295 (wfb::port india vishakhapatnam-india );; line 52295 (wfb::merchant_marine india total "299 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 6,288,902 GRT/10,454,178 DWT" );; line 52301 (wfb::merchant_marine india ships_by_type "bulk 114, cargo 78, chemical tanker 9, combination bulk 2, combination ore/oil 5, container 10, liquefied gas tanker 6, oil tanker 68, passenger-cargo 5, roll-on/roll-off cargo 1, short-sea passenger 1" );; line 52304 (wfb::airports india total 352 );; line 52311 (wfb::airports india |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 11 );; line 52313 (wfb::airports india |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 48 );; line 52315 (wfb::airports india |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 85 );; line 52317 (wfb::airports india |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 72 );; line 52319 (wfb::airports india with_paved_runways_under_914_m 81 );; line 52321 (wfb::airports india |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 2 );; line 52323 (wfb::airports india |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 7 );; line 52325 (wfb::airports india |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 46 );; line 52327 (wfb::telephone_system india "NA telephones; 5 telephones/1,000 persons; domestic telephone system is poor; long-distance telephoning has been improved by a domestic satellite system which also carries TV" );; line 52332 (wfb::telephone_system india local "NA" );; line 52336 (wfb::telephone_system india intercity "NA" );; line 52338 (wfb::telephone_system india international "3 INTELSAT (Indian Ocean) earth stations and submarine cables to Malaysia and the United Arab Emirates" );; line 52340 (wfb::radio india broadcast_stations am 96 );; line 52346 (wfb::radio india broadcast_stations fm 4 );; line 52346 (wfb::radio india broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 52346 (wfb::radio india radios n/a );; line 52348 (wfb::comment television india broadcast_stations "government controlled" );; line 52353 (wfb::television india broadcast_stations 274 );; line 52353 (wfb::television india televisions n/a );; line 52355 (wfb::defense_branch india army_india );; line 52361 (wfb::defense_branch india navy_india );; line 52361 (wfb::defense_branch india air_force_india );; line 52361 (wfb::comment defense_branch india various_security_or_paramilitary_forces_india "includes Border Security Force, Assam Rifles, and Coast Guard" );; line 52361 (wfb::defense_branch india various_security_or_paramilitary_forces_india );; line 52361 (wfb::manpower_availability india "males age 15-49 253,134,487; males fit for military service 148,814,104; males reach military age (17) annually 9,461,907 (1995 est.)" );; line 52366 (wfb::for-fiscal-year defense_expenditures india 94 );; line 52371 (wfb::defense_expenditures india (* 7.8e9 $) );; line 52371 (wfb::defense_expenditures india (* 2.8 %_of_gdp) );; line 52371 (wfb::markup-parameter figure indian_ocean "graphno=\"xo.tif\"" );; line 52377 (wfb::location indian_ocean "body of water between Africa, Antarctica, Asia, and Australia" );; line 52381 (wfb::map_references indian_ocean "World" );; line 52385 (wfb::area indian_ocean total_area (* 73.6e6 sq_km) );; line 52390 (wfb::comment area indian_ocean comparative_area "after the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Ocean, but larger than the Arctic Ocean" );; line 52392 (wfb::area indian_ocean comparative_area "slightly less than eight times the size of the US; third-largest ocean (after the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Ocean, but larger than the Arctic Ocean)" );; line 52392 (wfb::comment area indian_ocean "includes Arabian Sea, Bass Straight, Bay of Bengal, Great Australian Bight, Gulf of Oman, Persian Gulf, Red Sea, Strait of Malacca, and other tributary water bodies" );; line 52396 (wfb::coastline indian_ocean (* 66526 km) );; line 52402 (wfb::international_disputes indian_ocean "some maritime disputes (see littoral states)" );; line 52406 (wfb::climate indian_ocean "northeast monsoon (December to April), southwest monsoon (June to October)" );; line 52410 (wfb::climate indian_ocean "tropical cyclones occur during May/June and October/November in the northern Indian Ocean and January/February in the southern Indian Ocean" );; line 52410 (wfb::terrain indian_ocean "surface dominated by counterclockwise gyre (broad, circular system of currents) in the southern Indian Ocean" );; line 52416 (wfb::terrain indian_ocean "unique reversal of surface currents in the northern Indian Ocean, low atmospheric pressure over southwest Asia from hot, rising, summer air results in the southwest monsoon and southwest-to-northeast winds and currents, while high pressure over northern Asia from cold, falling, winter air results in the northeast monsoon and northeast-to-southwest winds and currents" );; line 52416 (wfb::terrain indian_ocean "ocean floor is dominated by the Mid-Indian Ocean Ridge and subdivided by the Southeast Indian Ocean Ridge, Southwest Indian Ocean Ridge, and Ninety East Ridge" );; line 52416 (wfb::terrain indian_ocean "maximum depth is 7,258 meters in the Java Trench" );; line 52416 (wfb::natural-resource indian_ocean oil_and_gas_fields );; line 52429 (wfb::natural-resource indian_ocean fish );; line 52429 (wfb::natural-resource indian_ocean shrimp-natural-resource );; line 52429 (wfb::natural-resource indian_ocean sand_and_gravel_aggregates );; line 52429 (wfb::natural-resource indian_ocean placer_deposits );; line 52429 (wfb::natural-resource indian_ocean polymetallic_nodules );; line 52429 (wfb::environment indian_ocean current_issues "endangered marine species include the dugong, seals, turtles, and whales" );; line 52435 (wfb::environment indian_ocean current_issues "oil pollution in the Arabian Sea, Persian Gulf, and Red Sea" );; line 52435 (wfb::environment indian_ocean natural_hazards "ships subject to superstructure icing in extreme south near Antarctica from May to October" );; line 52438 (wfb::environment indian_ocean international_agreements "NA" );; line 52441 (wfb::note indian_ocean "major chokepoints include Bab el Mandeb, Strait of Hormuz, Strait of Malacca, southern access to the Suez Canal, and the Lombok Strait" );; line 52445 (wfb::digraph indian_ocean "XO" );; line 52456 (wfb::overview indian_ocean "The Indian Ocean provides major sea routes connecting the Middle East, Africa, and East Asia with Europe and the Americas. It carries a particularly heavy traffic of petroleum and petroleum products from the oilfields of the Persian Gulf and Indonesia. Its fish are of great and growing importance to the bordering countries for domestic consumption and export. Fishing fleets from Russia, Japan, Korea, and Taiwan also exploit the Indian Ocean, mainly for shrimp and tuna. Large reserves of hydrocarbons are being tapped in the offshore areas of Saudi Arabia, Iran, India, and western Australia. An estimated 40% of the world's offshore oil production comes from the Indian Ocean. Beach sands rich in heavy minerals and offshore placer deposits are actively exploited by bordering countries, particularly India, South Africa, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, and Thailand." );; line 52461 (wfb::industry indian_ocean based_on_exploitation_of_natural_resources );; line 52476 (wfb::industry indian_ocean particularly_fish );; line 52476 (wfb::industry indian_ocean minerals-industry );; line 52476 (wfb::industry indian_ocean oil );; line 52476 (wfb::industry indian_ocean gas-industry );; line 52476 (wfb::industry indian_ocean fishing-industry );; line 52476 (wfb::industry indian_ocean sand-industry );; line 52476 (wfb::industry indian_ocean gravel-industry );; line 52476 (wfb::port-on-shore indian_ocean "Bombay" "India" );; line 52482 (wfb::port-on-shore indian_ocean "Calcutta" "India" );; line 52482 (wfb::port-on-shore indian_ocean "Colombo" "Sri Lanka" );; line 52482 (wfb::port-on-shore indian_ocean "Durban" "South Africa" );; line 52482 (wfb::port-on-shore indian_ocean "Jakarta" "Indonesia" );; line 52482 (wfb::port-on-shore indian_ocean "Madras" "India" );; line 52482 (wfb::port-on-shore indian_ocean "Melbourne" "Australia" );; line 52482 (wfb::port-on-shore indian_ocean "Richard's Bay" "South Africa" );; line 52482 (wfb::telephone_system indian_ocean international "submarine cables from India to United Arab Emirates and Malaysia, and from Sri Lanka to Djibouti and Indonesia" );; line 52490 (wfb::markup-parameter figure indonesia "graphno=\"id.tif\"" );; line 52502 (wfb::location indonesia "Southeastern Asia, archipelago between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean" );; line 52506 (wfb::map_references indonesia "Southeast Asia" );; line 52511 (wfb::area indonesia total_area (* 1919440 sq_km) );; line 52516 (wfb::area indonesia land_area (* 1826440 sq_km) );; line 52518 (wfb::area indonesia comparative_area "slightly less than three times the size of Texas" );; line 52520 (wfb::borders indonesia total (* 2602 km) );; line 52524 (wfb::borders indonesia malaysia (* 1782 km) );; line 52524 (wfb::borders indonesia papua_new_guinea (* 820 km) );; line 52524 (wfb::coastline indonesia (* 54716 km) );; line 52528 (wfb::maritime_claims indonesia exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 52534 (wfb::maritime_claims indonesia territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 52536 (wfb::international_disputes indonesia "sovereignty over Timor Timur (East Timor Province) disputed with Portugal and not recognized by the UN" );; line 52540 (wfb::international_disputes indonesia "two islands in dispute with Malaysia" );; line 52540 (wfb::climate indonesia "tropical" );; line 52545 (wfb::climate indonesia "hot, humid" );; line 52545 (wfb::climate indonesia "more moderate in highlands" );; line 52545 (wfb::terrain indonesia "mostly coastal lowlands" );; line 52549 (wfb::terrain indonesia "larger islands have interior mountains" );; line 52549 (wfb::natural-resource indonesia petroleum );; line 52553 (wfb::natural-resource indonesia tin );; line 52553 (wfb::natural-resource indonesia natural_gas );; line 52553 (wfb::natural-resource indonesia nickel );; line 52553 (wfb::natural-resource indonesia timber );; line 52553 (wfb::natural-resource indonesia bauxite );; line 52553 (wfb::natural-resource indonesia copper );; line 52553 (wfb::natural-resource indonesia fertile_soils );; line 52553 (wfb::natural-resource indonesia coal );; line 52553 (wfb::natural-resource indonesia gold );; line 52553 (wfb::natural-resource indonesia silver );; line 52553 (wfb::land_use indonesia arable_land (* 8 %) );; line 52559 (wfb::land_use indonesia permanent_crops (* 3 %) );; line 52561 (wfb::land_use indonesia meadows_and_pastures (* 7 %) );; line 52563 (wfb::land_use indonesia forest_and_woodland (* 67 %) );; line 52565 (wfb::land_use indonesia other (* 15 %) );; line 52567 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land indonesia date_1989 );; line 52571 (wfb::irrigated_land indonesia (* 75500 sq_km) );; line 52571 (wfb::environment indonesia current_issues "deforestation" );; line 52576 (wfb::environment indonesia current_issues "water pollution from industrial wastes, sewage" );; line 52576 (wfb::environment indonesia current_issues "air pollution in urban areas" );; line 52576 (wfb::environment indonesia natural_hazards "occasional floods, severe droughts, and tsunamis" );; line 52579 (wfb::environment indonesia international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands" );; line 52581 (wfb::environment indonesia international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Desertification, Marine Life Conservation, Tropical Timber 94" );; line 52581 (wfb::note indonesia "archipelago of 13,500 islands (6,000 inhabited); straddles Equator; strategic location astride or along major sea lanes from Indian Ocean to Pacific Ocean" );; line 52588 (wfb::estimation-date population indonesia date_jul_1995 );; line 52596 (wfb::population indonesia 203583886 );; line 52596 (wfb::age_structure indonesia 0-14_years (* 32 %) );; line 52601 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex indonesia 0-14_years female 32548039 );; line 52601 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex indonesia 0-14_years male 33485810 );; line 52601 (wfb::age_structure indonesia 15-64_years (* 64 %) );; line 52603 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex indonesia 15-64_years female 65394816 );; line 52603 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex indonesia 15-64_years male 64914362 );; line 52603 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure indonesia 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 52605 (wfb::age_structure indonesia 65_years_and_over (* 4 %) );; line 52605 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex indonesia 65_years_and_over female 4027367 );; line 52605 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex indonesia 65_years_and_over male 3213492 );; line 52605 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate indonesia date_1995 );; line 52609 (wfb::population_growth_rate indonesia (* 1.56 %) );; line 52609 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate indonesia date_1995 );; line 52613 (wfb::birth_rate indonesia (* 24.06 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 52613 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate indonesia date_1995 );; line 52617 (wfb::death_rate indonesia (* 8.48 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 52617 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate indonesia date_1995 );; line 52621 (wfb::net_migration_rate indonesia (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 52621 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate indonesia date_1995 );; line 52625 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate indonesia (* 65 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 52625 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth indonesia total_population (* 61.22 years) );; line 52630 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth indonesia male (* 59.13 years) );; line 52632 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth indonesia female date_1995 );; line 52634 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth indonesia female (* 63.42 years) );; line 52634 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate indonesia date_1995 );; line 52638 (wfb::total_fertility_rate indonesia (* 2.74 children_born/woman) );; line 52638 (wfb::nationality indonesia noun "Indonesian(s)" );; line 52643 (wfb::nationality indonesia adjective "Indonesian" );; line 52645 (wfb::ethnic-entity indonesia javanese (* 45 %) );; line 52649 (wfb::ethnic-entity indonesia sundanese (* 14 %) );; line 52649 (wfb::ethnic-entity indonesia madurese (* 7.5 %) );; line 52649 (wfb::ethnic-entity indonesia coastal_malays (* 7.5 %) );; line 52649 (wfb::measurement-date religion date_1985 );; line 52654 (wfb::religion indonesia muslim (* 87 %) );; line 52654 (wfb::religion indonesia protestant (* 6 %) );; line 52654 (wfb::religion indonesia roman_catholic (* 3 %) );; line 52654 (wfb::religion indonesia hindu (* 2 %) );; line 52654 (wfb::religion indonesia buddhist (* 1 %) );; line 52654 (wfb::language indonesia bahasa_indonesia n/a );; line 52659 (wfb::comment language indonesia bahasa_indonesia "modified form of Malay; official" );; line 52659 (wfb::language indonesia english n/a );; line 52659 (wfb::language indonesia dutch n/a );; line 52659 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition indonesia date_1990 );; line 52664 (wfb::literacy-condition indonesia "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 52664 (wfb::literacy indonesia total_population (* 82 %) );; line 52666 (wfb::literacy indonesia male (* 88 %) );; line 52668 (wfb::literacy indonesia female (* 75 %) );; line 52670 (wfb::total_labor_force indonesia 67e6 );; line 52674 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force indonesia by_occupation date_1985 );; line 52676 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1985 );; line 52676 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation indonesia agriculture (* 55 %) );; line 52676 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation indonesia manufacturing (* 10 %) );; line 52676 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation indonesia construction (* 4 %) );; line 52676 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation indonesia transport_and_communications (* 3 %) );; line 52676 (wfb::names indonesia conventional_long_form "Republic of Indonesia" );; line 52683 (wfb::names indonesia conventional_short_form "Indonesia" );; line 52685 (wfb::names indonesia local_long_form "Republik Indonesia" );; line 52687 (wfb::names indonesia local_short_form "Indonesia" );; line 52689 (wfb::names indonesia former "Netherlands East Indies; Dutch East Indies" );; line 52691 (wfb::digraph indonesia "ID" );; line 52695 (wfb::type indonesia "republic" );; line 52699 (wfb::capital indonesia jakarta-indonesia );; line 52703 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_indonesia_provinces "provinces" "propinsi-propinsi" "propinsi" );; line 52707 (wfb::administrative_divisions indonesia adm_div_indonesia_provinces 24 );; line 52707 (wfb::comment independence indonesia "proclaimed independence; on 27 December 1949, Indonesia became legally independent from the Netherlands" );; line 52718 (wfb::independence indonesia date_17_aug_1945 "n/a" );; line 52718 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1945 );; line 52723 (wfb::comment national_holiday indonesia "1945" );; line 52723 (wfb::national_holiday indonesia "Independence Day" date_17_aug );; line 52723 (wfb::constitution indonesia "August 1945, abrogated by Federal Constitution of 1949 and Provisional Constitution of 1950, restored 5 July 1959" );; line 52727 (wfb::legal_system indonesia "based on Roman-Dutch law, substantially modified by indigenous concepts and by new criminal procedures code; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 52732 (wfb::comment suffrage indonesia " universal and married persons regardless of age" );; line 52738 (wfb::suffrage indonesia (* 17 years_of_age) );; line 52738 (wfb::comment executive_branch indonesia chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "Vice President Gen. (Ret.) Try SUTRISNO (since 11 March 1993)" );; line 52743 (wfb::executive_branch indonesia chief_of_state "President Gen. (Ret.) SOEHARTO " date_27_mar_1968 );; line 52743 (wfb::executive_branch indonesia head_of_government "President Gen. (Ret.) SOEHARTO " date_27_mar_1968 );; line 52743 (wfb::executive_branch indonesia cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 52746 (wfb::legislative_structure indonesia unicameral n/a );; line 52750 (wfb::legislative_branch indonesia "House of Representatives (Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat or DPR)" "elections last held on 8 June 1992 (next to be held NA 1997); results - GOLKAR 68%, PPP 17%, PDI 15%; seats - (500 total, 400 elected, 100 military representatives appointed) GOLKAR 282, PPP 62, PDI 56" );; line 52752 (wfb::comment legislative_branch indonesia "the People's Consultative Assembly (Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat or MPR) includes the DPR plus 500 indirectly elected members who meet every five years to elect the president and vice president and, theoretically, to determine national policy" );; line 52756 (wfb::judicial_branch indonesia "Supreme Court (Mahkamah Agung)" );; line 52763 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders indonesia "GOLKAR (quasi-official party based on functional groups), Lt. Gen. (Ret.) HARMOKO, general chairman; Indonesia Democracy Party (PDI - federation of former Nationalist and Christian Parties), Megawati SUKARNOPUTRI, chairman; Development Unity Party (PPP, federation of former Islamic parties), Ismail Hasan METAREUM, chairman" );; line 52767 (wfb::member_of indonesia apec );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia asdb );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia asean );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia ccc );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia cp );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia escap );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia fao );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia g-15 );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia g-19 );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia g-77 );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia gatt );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia iaea );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia ibrd );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia icao );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia icc );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia icftu );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia icrm );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia ida );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia idb );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia ifad );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia ifc );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia ifrcs );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia ilo );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia imf );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia imo );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia inmarsat );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia intelsat );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia interpol );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia ioc );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia iom );; line 52775 (wfb::comment member_of indonesia iom "observer" );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia iso );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia itu );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia nam );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia oic );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia opec );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia un );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia unctad );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia unesco );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia unido );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia unikom );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia unmih );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia unprofor );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia upu );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia wcl );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia wftu );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia who );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia wipo );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia wmo );; line 52775 (wfb::member_of indonesia wto );; line 52775 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us indonesia chief_of_mission "Ambassador Arifin Mohamad SIREGAR" );; line 52784 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us indonesia chancery "2020 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036" );; line 52786 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us indonesia telephone "[1] (202) 775-5200" );; line 52788 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us indonesia fax "[1] (202) 775-5365" );; line 52790 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us indonesia |consulate(s) general| "Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, New York, San Francisco" );; line 52792 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation indonesia chief_of_mission "Ambassador Robert L. BARRY" );; line 52797 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation indonesia embassy "Medan Merdeka Selatan 5, Box 1, Jakarta" );; line 52799 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation indonesia mailing_address "APO AP 96520" );; line 52801 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation indonesia telephone "[62] (21) 360360" );; line 52803 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation indonesia fax "[62] (21) 3862259" );; line 52805 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation indonesia |consulate(s) general| "Medan, Surabaya" );; line 52807 (wfb::flag indonesia "two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; similar to the flag of Monaco, which is shorter; also similar to the flag of Poland, which is white (top) and red" );; line 52811 (wfb::overview indonesia "Indonesia is a mixed economy with some socialist institutions and central planning but with a recent emphasis on deregulation and private enterprise. Indonesia has extensive natural wealth, yet, with a large and rapidly increasing population, it remains a rather poor country. Real GDP growth in 1985-94 averaged about 6%, quite impressive, but not sufficient to both slash underemployment and absorb the 2.3 million workers annually entering the labor force. Agriculture, including forestry and fishing, is an important sector, accounting for 21% of GDP and over 50% of the labor force. The staple crop is rice. Once the world's largest rice importer, Indonesia is now nearly self-sufficient. Plantation crops - rubber and palm oil - and textiles and plywood are being encouraged for both export and job generation. Industrial output now accounts for almost 40% of GDP and is based on a supply of diverse natural resources, including crude oil, natural gas, timber, metals, and coal. Foreign investment has also boosted manufacturing output and exports in recent years. Indeed, the economy's growth is highly dependent on the continuing expansion of nonoil exports. Japan remains Indonesia's most important customer and supplier of aid. Rapid growth in the money supply in 1989-90 prompted Jakarta to implement a tight monetary policy in 1991, forcing the private sector to go to foreign banks for investment financing. Real interest rates remained above 10% and off-shore commercial debt grew. The growth in off-shore debt prompted Jakarta to limit foreign borrowing beginning in late 1991. Despite the continued problems in moving toward a more open financial system and the persistence of a fairly tight credit situation, GDP growth in 1992-94 has matched the government target of 6%-7% annual growth." );; line 52818 (wfb::estimation-date national_product indonesia date_1994 );; line 52845 (wfb::national_product indonesia (* 619.4e9 $) );; line 52845 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate indonesia date_1994 );; line 52849 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate indonesia (* 6.7 %) );; line 52849 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita indonesia date_1994 );; line 52853 (wfb::national_product_per_capita indonesia (* 3090 $) );; line 52853 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| indonesia "9.3% (1994 est.)" );; line 52857 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate indonesia date_1994 );; line 52861 (wfb::budget indonesia revenues (* 32.8e9 $) );; line 52866 (wfb::for-fiscal-year budget indonesia 94 );; line 52868 (wfb::budget indonesia expenditures (* 32.8e9 $) );; line 52868 (wfb::budget indonesia capital_expenditures (* 12.9e9 $) );; line 52868 (wfb::exports indonesia (* 41.3e9 $) );; line 52873 (wfb::estimation-date exports indonesia date_1994 );; line 52875 (wfb::exports indonesia commodities manufactures (* 56.7 %) );; line 52875 (wfb::exports indonesia commodities fuels (* 24.8 %) );; line 52875 (wfb::exports indonesia commodities foodstuffs (* 11.1 %) );; line 52875 (wfb::exports indonesia commodities raw_materials (* 7.4 %) );; line 52875 (wfb::measurement-date exports indonesia date_1993 );; line 52878 (wfb::exports indonesia partners japan (* 30 %) );; line 52878 (wfb::exports indonesia partners us (* 14 %) );; line 52878 (wfb::exports indonesia partners singapore (* 9 %) );; line 52878 (wfb::exports indonesia partners south_korea (* 6 %) );; line 52878 (wfb::exports indonesia partners taiwan (* 4 %) );; line 52878 (wfb::imports indonesia (* 31.4e9 $) );; line 52882 (wfb::estimation-date imports indonesia date_1994 );; line 52884 (wfb::imports indonesia commodities capital_equipment (* 44.2 %) );; line 52884 (wfb::imports indonesia commodities intermed_and_raw_materials (* 37.0 %) );; line 52884 (wfb::imports indonesia commodities consumer_goods (* 11.5 %) );; line 52884 (wfb::imports indonesia commodities fuels (* 7.2 %) );; line 52884 (wfb::measurement-date imports indonesia date_1993 );; line 52887 (wfb::imports indonesia partners japan (* 22 %) );; line 52887 (wfb::imports indonesia partners us (* 11 %) );; line 52887 (wfb::imports indonesia partners south_korea (* 7 %) );; line 52887 (wfb::imports indonesia partners germany (* 7 %) );; line 52887 (wfb::imports indonesia partners singapore (* 6 %) );; line 52887 (wfb::imports indonesia partners australia (* 5 %) );; line 52887 (wfb::imports indonesia partners taiwan (* 5 %) );; line 52887 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt indonesia date_1994 );; line 52892 (wfb::external_debt indonesia (* 87e9 $) );; line 52892 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 52896 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production indonesia date_1993 );; line 52896 (wfb::industrial_production indonesia growth_rate (* 8.4 %) );; line 52896 (wfb::industrial_production indonesia accounts_for (* 40 %_of_gdp) );; line 52896 (wfb::electricity indonesia capacity (* 12100000 kw) );; line 52901 (wfb::electricity indonesia production (* 44e9 kwh) );; line 52903 (wfb::measurement-date electricity indonesia consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 52905 (wfb::electricity indonesia consumption_per_capita (* 207 kwh) );; line 52905 (wfb::industry indonesia petroleum_and_natural_gas );; line 52909 (wfb::industry indonesia textiles );; line 52909 (wfb::industry indonesia mining );; line 52909 (wfb::industry indonesia cement );; line 52909 (wfb::industry indonesia chemical_fertilizers );; line 52909 (wfb::industry indonesia plywood-industry );; line 52909 (wfb::industry indonesia food-industry );; line 52909 (wfb::industry indonesia rubber-industry );; line 52909 (wfb::agriculture indonesia "accounts for 21% of GDP; subsistence food production; small-holder and plantation production for export; main products are rice, cassava, peanuts, rubber, cocoa, coffee, palm oil, copra, other tropical products, poultry, beef, pork, eggs" );; line 52914 (wfb::illicit_drugs indonesia "illicit producer of cannabis for the international drug trade, but not a major player; government actively eradicating plantings and prosecuting traffickers; growing role as transshipment point for Golden Triangle heroin; increasing indigenous methamphetamine abuse" );; line 52921 (wfb::economic_aid indonesia recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $4.4 billion; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $25.9 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $213 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $175 million" );; line 52929 (wfb::comment currency indonesia "sen no longer used" );; line 52936 (wfb::abbreviation indonesian_rupiah "Rp" );; line 52936 (wfb::currency indonesia indonesian_rupiah 100 |sen (sen no longer used)| );; line 52936 (wfb::exchange_rates indonesia "Indonesian rupiahs (Rp) per US$1 - 2,203.6 (January 1995), 2,160.7 (1994), 2,087.1 (1993), 2,029.9 (1992), 1,950.3 (1991), 1,842.8 (1990)" );; line 52940 (wfb::fiscal_year indonesia date_1_apr date_31_mar );; line 52945 (wfb::railroads indonesia total "6,964 km" );; line 52951 (wfb::railroads indonesia narrow_gauge "6,389 km 1.067-m gauge (101 km electrified; 101 km double track); 497 km 0.750-m gauge; 78 km 0.600-m gauge" );; line 52953 (wfb::highways indonesia total (* 119500 km) );; line 52959 (wfb::highways indonesia provincial (* 34180 km) );; line 52965 (wfb::highways indonesia district (* 73508 km) );; line 52965 (wfb::highways indonesia state (* 11812 km) );; line 52965 (wfb::inland_waterways indonesia "21,579 km total; Sumatra 5,471 km, Java and Madura 820 km, Kalimantan 10,460 km, Celebes 241 km, Irian Jaya 4,587 km" );; line 52969 (wfb::measurement-date pipelines date_1989 );; line 52974 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 2505 km) );; line 52974 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 456 km) );; line 52974 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 1703 km) );; line 52974 (wfb::port indonesia cilacap-indonesia );; line 52979 (wfb::port indonesia cirebon-indonesia );; line 52979 (wfb::port indonesia jakarta-indonesia );; line 52979 (wfb::port indonesia kupang-indonesia );; line 52979 (wfb::port indonesia palembang-indonesia );; line 52979 (wfb::port indonesia semarang-indonesia );; line 52979 (wfb::port indonesia surabaya-indonesia );; line 52979 (wfb::port indonesia ujungpandang-indonesia );; line 52979 (wfb::merchant_marine indonesia total "438 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,942,527 GRT/2,818,296 DWT" );; line 52985 (wfb::merchant_marine indonesia ships_by_type "bulk 26, cargo 259, chemical tanker 7, container 11, liquefied gas tanker 6, livestock carrier 1, oil tanker 85, passenger 6, passenger-cargo 12, roll-on/roll-off cargo 7, short-sea passenger 7, specialized tanker 7, vehicle carrier 4" );; line 52988 (wfb::airports indonesia total 450 );; line 52996 (wfb::airports indonesia |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 3 );; line 52998 (wfb::airports indonesia |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 10 );; line 53000 (wfb::airports indonesia |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 35 );; line 53002 (wfb::airports indonesia |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 42 );; line 53004 (wfb::airports indonesia with_paved_runways_under_914_m 324 );; line 53006 (wfb::airports indonesia |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 4 );; line 53008 (wfb::airports indonesia |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 32 );; line 53010 (wfb::telephone_system indonesia "763,000 telephones (1986); domestic service fair, international service good" );; line 53015 (wfb::telephone_system indonesia local "NA" );; line 53018 (wfb::telephone_system indonesia intercity "interisland microwave system and HF police net; 1 earth station for a domestic satellite" );; line 53020 (wfb::telephone_system indonesia international "2 INTELSAT (1 Indian Ocean and 1 Pacific Ocean) earth stations" );; line 53023 (wfb::radio indonesia broadcast_stations am 618 );; line 53028 (wfb::radio indonesia broadcast_stations fm 38 );; line 53028 (wfb::radio indonesia broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 53028 (wfb::radio indonesia radios n/a );; line 53030 (wfb::comment radio indonesia "radiobroadcast coverage good" );; line 53032 (wfb::television indonesia broadcast_stations 9 );; line 53037 (wfb::television indonesia televisions n/a );; line 53039 (wfb::defense_branch indonesia army_indonesia );; line 53045 (wfb::defense_branch indonesia navy_indonesia );; line 53045 (wfb::defense_branch indonesia air_force_indonesia );; line 53045 (wfb::defense_branch indonesia national_police_indonesia );; line 53045 (wfb::manpower_availability indonesia "males age 15-49 55,883,688; males fit for military service 32,952,204; males reach military age (18) annually 2,247,586 (1995 est.)" );; line 53049 (wfb::for-fiscal-year defense_expenditures indonesia 94 );; line 53054 (wfb::defense_expenditures indonesia (* 2.4e9 $) );; line 53054 (wfb::defense_expenditures indonesia (* 1.5 %_of_gnp) );; line 53054 (wfb::markup-parameter figure iran "graphno=\"ir.tif\"" );; line 53060 (wfb::location iran "Middle East, bordering the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf, between Iraq and Pakistan" );; line 53064 (wfb::map_references iran "Middle East" );; line 53069 (wfb::area iran total_area (* 1.648e6 sq_km) );; line 53074 (wfb::area iran land_area (* 1.636e6 sq_km) );; line 53076 (wfb::area iran comparative_area "slightly larger than Alaska" );; line 53078 (wfb::borders iran total (* 5440 km) );; line 53082 (wfb::borders iran afghanistan (* 936 km) );; line 53082 (wfb::borders iran armenia (* 35 km) );; line 53082 (wfb::borders iran |Azerbaijan (north)| (* 432 km) );; line 53082 (wfb::borders iran |Azerbaijan (northwest)| (* 179 km) );; line 53082 (wfb::borders iran iraq (* 1458 km) );; line 53082 (wfb::borders iran pakistan (* 909 km) );; line 53082 (wfb::borders iran turkey (* 499 km) );; line 53082 (wfb::borders iran turkmenistan (* 992 km) );; line 53082 (wfb::coastline iran (* 2440 km) );; line 53088 (wfb::comment coastline iran "Iran also borders the Caspian Sea (740 km)" );; line 53090 (wfb::maritime_claims iran contiguous_zone (* 24 nm) );; line 53095 (wfb::maritime_claims iran territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 53101 (wfb::international_disputes iran "Iran and Iraq restored diplomatic relations in 1990 but are still trying to work out written agreements settling outstanding disputes from their eight-year war concerning border demarcation, prisoners-of-war, and freedom of navigation and sovereignty over the Shatt al Arab waterway" );; line 53105 (wfb::international_disputes iran "Iran occupies two islands in the Persian Gulf claimed by the UAE: Tunb as Sughra (Arabic), Jazireh-ye Tonb-e Kuchek (Persian) or Lesser Tunb, and Tunb al Kubra (Arabic), Jazireh-ye Tonb-e Bozorg (Persian) or Greater Tunb" );; line 53105 (wfb::international_disputes iran "it jointly administers with the UAE an island in the Persian Gulf claimed by the UAE, Abu Musa (Arabic) or Jazireh-ye Abu Musa (Persian)" );; line 53105 (wfb::international_disputes iran "in 1992 the dispute over Abu Musa and the Tunb islands became more acute when Iran unilaterally tried to control the entry of third country nationals into the UAE portion of Abu Musa island, Tehran subsequently backed off in the face of significant diplomatic support for the UAE in the region, but in 1994 it increased its military presence on the disputed islands" );; line 53105 (wfb::international_disputes iran "periodic disputes with Afghanistan over Helmand water rights" );; line 53105 (wfb::international_disputes iran "Caspian Sea boundaries are not yet determined" );; line 53105 (wfb::climate iran "mostly arid or semiarid, subtropical along Caspian coast" );; line 53123 (wfb::terrain iran "rugged, mountainous rim" );; line 53127 (wfb::terrain iran "high, central basin with deserts, mountains" );; line 53127 (wfb::terrain iran "small, discontinuous plains along both coasts" );; line 53127 (wfb::natural-resource iran petroleum );; line 53132 (wfb::natural-resource iran natural_gas );; line 53132 (wfb::natural-resource iran coal );; line 53132 (wfb::natural-resource iran chromium );; line 53132 (wfb::natural-resource iran copper );; line 53132 (wfb::natural-resource iran iron_ore );; line 53132 (wfb::natural-resource iran lead );; line 53132 (wfb::natural-resource iran manganese );; line 53132 (wfb::natural-resource iran zinc );; line 53132 (wfb::natural-resource iran sulfur );; line 53132 (wfb::land_use iran arable_land (* 8 %) );; line 53138 (wfb::land_use iran permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 53140 (wfb::land_use iran meadows_and_pastures (* 27 %) );; line 53142 (wfb::land_use iran forest_and_woodland (* 11 %) );; line 53144 (wfb::land_use iran other (* 54 %) );; line 53146 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land iran date_1989 );; line 53150 (wfb::irrigated_land iran (* 57500 sq_km) );; line 53150 (wfb::environment iran current_issues "air pollution, especially in urban areas, from vehicle emissions, refinery operations, and industrial effluents" );; line 53155 (wfb::environment iran current_issues "deforestation" );; line 53155 (wfb::environment iran current_issues "overgrazing" );; line 53155 (wfb::environment iran current_issues "desertification" );; line 53155 (wfb::environment iran current_issues "oil pollution in the Persian Gulf" );; line 53155 (wfb::environment iran current_issues "inadequate supplies of potable water" );; line 53155 (wfb::environment iran natural_hazards "periodic droughts, floods" );; line 53160 (wfb::environment iran natural_hazards "duststorms, sandstorms" );; line 53160 (wfb::environment iran natural_hazards "earthquakes along the Western border" );; line 53160 (wfb::environment iran international_agreements "party to - Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands" );; line 53163 (wfb::environment iran international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation" );; line 53163 (wfb::estimation-date population iran date_jul_1995 );; line 53172 (wfb::population iran 64625455 );; line 53172 (wfb::age_structure iran 0-14_years (* 45 %) );; line 53177 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex iran 0-14_years female 14113933 );; line 53177 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex iran 0-14_years male 14995015 );; line 53177 (wfb::age_structure iran 15-64_years (* 51 %) );; line 53179 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex iran 15-64_years female 16237810 );; line 53179 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex iran 15-64_years male 16803943 );; line 53179 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure iran 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 53181 (wfb::age_structure iran 65_years_and_over (* 4 %) );; line 53181 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex iran 65_years_and_over female 1197869 );; line 53181 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex iran 65_years_and_over male 1276885 );; line 53181 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate iran date_1995 );; line 53185 (wfb::population_growth_rate iran (* 2.29 %) );; line 53185 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate iran date_1995 );; line 53189 (wfb::birth_rate iran (* 34.85 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 53189 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate iran date_1995 );; line 53193 (wfb::death_rate iran (* 6.85 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 53193 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate iran date_1995 );; line 53197 (wfb::net_migration_rate iran (* -5.11 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 53197 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate iran date_1995 );; line 53201 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate iran (* 54.6 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 53201 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth iran total_population (* 66.97 years) );; line 53206 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth iran male (* 65.77 years) );; line 53208 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth iran female date_1995 );; line 53210 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth iran female (* 68.22 years) );; line 53210 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate iran date_1995 );; line 53214 (wfb::total_fertility_rate iran (* 4.93 children_born/woman) );; line 53214 (wfb::nationality iran noun "Iranian(s)" );; line 53219 (wfb::nationality iran adjective "Iranian" );; line 53221 (wfb::ethnic-entity iran persian (* 51 %) );; line 53225 (wfb::ethnic-entity iran azerbaijani (* 24 %) );; line 53225 (wfb::ethnic-entity iran gilaki_and_mazandarani (* 8 %) );; line 53225 (wfb::ethnic-entity iran kurd (* 7 %) );; line 53225 (wfb::ethnic-entity iran arab (* 3 %) );; line 53225 (wfb::ethnic-entity iran lur (* 2 %) );; line 53225 (wfb::ethnic-entity iran baloch (* 2 %) );; line 53225 (wfb::ethnic-entity iran turkmen (* 2 %) );; line 53225 (wfb::religion iran |Shi'a Muslim| (* 95 %) );; line 53230 (wfb::religion iran sunni_muslim (* 4 %) );; line 53230 (wfb::religion iran union10 (* 1 %) );; line 53230 (wfb::language iran persian_and_persian_dialects (* 58 %) );; line 53235 (wfb::language iran turkic_and_turkic_dialects (* 26 %) );; line 53235 (wfb::language iran kurdish (* 9 %) );; line 53235 (wfb::language iran luri (* 2 %) );; line 53235 (wfb::language iran baloch-language-group (* 1 %) );; line 53235 (wfb::language iran arabic (* 1 %) );; line 53235 (wfb::language iran turkish (* 1 %) );; line 53235 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition iran date_1991 );; line 53240 (wfb::literacy-condition iran "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 53240 (wfb::literacy iran total_population (* 66 %) );; line 53242 (wfb::literacy iran male (* 74 %) );; line 53244 (wfb::literacy iran female (* 56 %) );; line 53246 (wfb::total_labor_force iran 15.4e6 );; line 53250 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation iran agriculture (* 33 %) );; line 53252 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation iran manufacturing (* 21 %) );; line 53252 (wfb::comment labor_force iran "shortage of skilled labor (1988 est.)" );; line 53254 (wfb::names iran conventional_long_form "Islamic Republic of Iran" );; line 53260 (wfb::names iran conventional_short_form "Iran" );; line 53262 (wfb::names iran local_long_form "Jomhuri-ye Eslami-ye Iran" );; line 53264 (wfb::names iran local_short_form "Iran" );; line 53266 (wfb::digraph iran "IR" );; line 53270 (wfb::type iran "theocratic republic" );; line 53274 (wfb::capital iran tehran-iran );; line 53278 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_iran_provinces "provinces" "ostanha" "ostan" );; line 53282 (wfb::administrative_divisions iran adm_div_iran_provinces 24 );; line 53282 (wfb::administrative_division_of iran adm_div_iran_provinces "Azarbayjan-e Bakhtari (West Azerbaijan)" );; line 53282 (wfb::administrative_division_of iran adm_div_iran_provinces "Azarbayjan-e Khavari (East Azerbaijan)" );; line 53282 (wfb::administrative_division_of iran adm_div_iran_provinces "Bakhtaran" );; line 53282 (wfb::administrative_division_of iran adm_div_iran_provinces "Bushehr" );; line 53282 (wfb::administrative_division_of iran adm_div_iran_provinces "Chahar Mahall va Bakhtiari" );; line 53282 (wfb::administrative_division_of iran adm_div_iran_provinces "Esfahan" );; line 53282 (wfb::administrative_division_of iran adm_div_iran_provinces "Fars" );; line 53282 (wfb::administrative_division_of iran adm_div_iran_provinces "Gilan" );; line 53282 (wfb::administrative_division_of iran adm_div_iran_provinces "Hamadan" );; line 53282 (wfb::administrative_division_of iran adm_div_iran_provinces "Hormozgan" );; line 53282 (wfb::administrative_division_of iran adm_div_iran_provinces "Ilam" );; line 53282 (wfb::administrative_division_of iran adm_div_iran_provinces "Kerman" );; line 53282 (wfb::administrative_division_of iran adm_div_iran_provinces "Khorasan" );; line 53282 (wfb::administrative_division_of iran adm_div_iran_provinces "Khuzestan" );; line 53282 (wfb::administrative_division_of iran adm_div_iran_provinces "Kohkiluyeh va Buyer Ahmadi" );; line 53282 (wfb::administrative_division_of iran adm_div_iran_provinces "Kordestan" );; line 53282 (wfb::administrative_division_of iran adm_div_iran_provinces "Lorestan" );; line 53282 (wfb::administrative_division_of iran adm_div_iran_provinces "Markazi" );; line 53282 (wfb::administrative_division_of iran adm_div_iran_provinces "Mazandaran" );; line 53282 (wfb::administrative_division_of iran adm_div_iran_provinces "Semnan" );; line 53282 (wfb::administrative_division_of iran adm_div_iran_provinces "Sistan va Baluchestan" );; line 53282 (wfb::administrative_division_of iran adm_div_iran_provinces "Tehran" );; line 53282 (wfb::administrative_division_of iran adm_div_iran_provinces "Yazd" );; line 53282 (wfb::administrative_division_of iran adm_div_iran_provinces "Zanjan" );; line 53282 (wfb::comment administrative_divisions iran "there may be a new province named Ardabil formed from a part of Azarbayjan-e Khavari (East Azerbaijan) which may have been renamed Azarbayjan-e Markazi (Central Azerbaijan); the name Bakhtaran may have been changed to Kermanshahan" );; line 53289 (wfb::comment independence iran "Islamic Republic of Iran proclaimed" );; line 53296 (wfb::independence iran date_1_apr_1979 "n/a" );; line 53296 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1979 );; line 53300 (wfb::comment national_holiday iran "1979" );; line 53300 (wfb::national_holiday iran "Islamic Republic Day" date_1_apr );; line 53300 (wfb::constitution iran "2-3 December 1979; revised 1989 to expand powers of the presidency and eliminate the prime ministership" );; line 53304 (wfb::legal_system iran "the Constitution codifies Islamic principles of government" );; line 53309 (wfb::comment suffrage iran " universal" );; line 53313 (wfb::suffrage iran (* 15 years_of_age) );; line 53313 (wfb::executive_branch iran |supreme leader (rahbar) and functional chief of state| "Leader of the Islamic Revolution Ayatollah Ali Hoseini-KHAMENEI (since 4 June 1989)" );; line 53318 (wfb::comment executive_branch iran head_of_government "election last held June 1993 (next to be held June 1997)" );; line 53321 (wfb::comment executive_branch iran head_of_government "results - Ali Akbar Hashemi-RAFSANJANI was elected with 63% of the vote" );; line 53321 (wfb::executive_branch iran head_of_government "President Ali Akbar Hashemi-RAFSANJANI " date_3_aug_1989 );; line 53321 (wfb::comment executive_branch iran cabinet "selected by the president with legislative approval" );; line 53325 (wfb::executive_branch iran cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 53325 (wfb::legislative_structure iran unicameral n/a );; line 53330 (wfb::legislative_branch iran "Islamic Consultative Assembly (Majles-e-Shura-ye-Eslami)" "elections last held 8 April 1992 (next to be held April 1996); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (270 seats total) number of seats by party NA" );; line 53332 (wfb::judicial_branch iran "Supreme Court" );; line 53338 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders iran "there are at least 76 licensed parties; the three most important are - Tehran Militant Clergy Association, Mohammad Reza MAHDAVI-KANI; Militant Clerics Association, Mehdi MAHDAVI-KARUBI and Mohammad Asqar MUSAVI-KHOINIHA; Fedaiyin Islam Organization, Sadeq KHALKHALI" );; line 53342 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups iran "groups that generally support the Islamic Republic include Hizballah, Mojahedin of the Islamic Revolution, Muslim Students Following the Line of the Imam; armed political groups that have been almost completely repressed by the government include Mojahedin-e Khalq Organization (MEK), People's Fedayeen, Kurdish Democratic Party; the Society for the Defense of Freedom" );; line 53349 (wfb::member_of iran ccc );; line 53358 (wfb::member_of iran cp );; line 53358 (wfb::member_of iran eco );; line 53358 (wfb::member_of iran escap );; line 53358 (wfb::member_of iran fao );; line 53358 (wfb::member_of iran g-19 );; line 53358 (wfb::member_of iran g-24 );; line 53358 (wfb::member_of iran g-77 );; line 53358 (wfb::member_of iran iaea );; line 53358 (wfb::member_of iran ibrd );; line 53358 (wfb::member_of iran icao );; line 53358 (wfb::member_of iran icc );; line 53358 (wfb::member_of iran icrm );; line 53358 (wfb::member_of iran ida );; line 53358 (wfb::member_of iran idb );; line 53358 (wfb::member_of iran ifad );; line 53358 (wfb::member_of iran ifc );; line 53358 (wfb::member_of iran ifrcs );; line 53358 (wfb::member_of iran ilo );; line 53358 (wfb::member_of iran imf );; line 53358 (wfb::member_of iran imo );; line 53358 (wfb::member_of iran inmarsat );; line 53358 (wfb::member_of iran intelsat );; line 53358 (wfb::member_of iran interpol );; line 53358 (wfb::member_of iran ioc );; line 53358 (wfb::member_of iran iom );; line 53358 (wfb::comment member_of iran iom "observer" );; line 53358 (wfb::member_of iran iso );; line 53358 (wfb::member_of iran itu );; line 53358 (wfb::member_of iran nam );; line 53358 (wfb::member_of iran oic );; line 53358 (wfb::member_of iran opec );; line 53358 (wfb::member_of iran pca );; line 53358 (wfb::member_of iran un );; line 53358 (wfb::member_of iran unctad );; line 53358 (wfb::member_of iran unesco );; line 53358 (wfb::member_of iran unhcr );; line 53358 (wfb::member_of iran unido );; line 53358 (wfb::member_of iran upu );; line 53358 (wfb::member_of iran wcl );; line 53358 (wfb::member_of iran wftu );; line 53358 (wfb::member_of iran who );; line 53358 (wfb::member_of iran wmo );; line 53358 (wfb::member_of iran wto );; line 53358 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us iran chief_of_mission "Iran has an Interests Section in the Pakistani Embassy in Washington, DC" );; line 53366 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us iran chancery "Iranian Interests Section, 2209 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20007" );; line 53369 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us iran telephone "[1] (202) 965-4990" );; line 53372 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation iran "protecting power in Iran is Switzerland" );; line 53376 (wfb::flag iran "three equal horizontal bands of green (top), white, and red; the national emblem (a stylized representation of the word Allah) in red is centered in the white band; Allah Alkbar (God is Great) in white Arabic script is repeated 11 times along the bottom edge of the green band and 11 times along the top edge of the red band" );; line 53380 (wfb::overview iran "Iran's economy is a mixture of central planning, state ownership of oil and other large enterprises, village agriculture, and small-scale private trading and service ventures. Over the past several years, the government has introduced several measures to liberalize the economy and reduce government intervention, but most of these changes have moved slowly because of political opposition. Iran has faced increasingly severe financial difficulties since mid-1992 due to an import surge that began in 1989 and general financial mismanagement. At yearend 1993 the Iranian Government estimated that it owed foreign creditors about $30 billion; an estimated $8 billion of this debt was in arrears. At yearend 1994, Iran rescheduled $12 billion in debt. Earnings from oil exports - which provide 90% of Iran's export revenues - are providing less relief to Iran than usual because of reduced oil prices." );; line 53389 (wfb::estimation-date national_product iran date_1994 );; line 53404 (wfb::national_product iran (* 310e9 $) );; line 53404 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate iran date_1994 );; line 53408 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate iran (* -2 %) );; line 53408 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita iran date_1994 );; line 53412 (wfb::national_product_per_capita iran (* 4720 $) );; line 53412 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| iran "35% (1994)" );; line 53416 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate iran date_1994 );; line 53420 (wfb::budget iran revenues (* n/a $) );; line 53425 (wfb::budget iran expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 53427 (wfb::budget iran capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 53427 (wfb::exports iran (* 16e9 $) );; line 53431 (wfb::exports iran commodities petroleum-commodity (* 90 %) );; line 53433 (wfb::exports iran commodities carpets n/a );; line 53433 (wfb::exports iran commodities fruits n/a );; line 53433 (wfb::exports iran commodities nuts n/a );; line 53433 (wfb::exports iran commodities hides n/a );; line 53433 (wfb::exports iran partners japan n/a );; line 53435 (wfb::exports iran partners italy n/a );; line 53435 (wfb::exports iran partners france n/a );; line 53435 (wfb::exports iran partners netherlands n/a );; line 53435 (wfb::exports iran partners belgium/luxembourg n/a );; line 53435 (wfb::exports iran partners spain n/a );; line 53435 (wfb::exports iran partners germany n/a );; line 53435 (wfb::imports iran (* 18e9 $) );; line 53440 (wfb::imports iran commodities machinery n/a );; line 53442 (wfb::imports iran commodities military_supplies n/a );; line 53442 (wfb::imports iran commodities metal_works n/a );; line 53442 (wfb::imports iran commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 53442 (wfb::imports iran commodities pharmaceuticals n/a );; line 53442 (wfb::imports iran commodities technical_services n/a );; line 53442 (wfb::imports iran commodities refined_oil_products n/a );; line 53442 (wfb::imports iran partners germany n/a );; line 53445 (wfb::imports iran partners japan n/a );; line 53445 (wfb::imports iran partners italy n/a );; line 53445 (wfb::imports iran partners uk n/a );; line 53445 (wfb::imports iran partners uae n/a );; line 53445 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt iran date_dec_1993 );; line 53449 (wfb::external_debt iran (* 30e9 $) );; line 53449 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 53453 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production iran date_1993 );; line 53453 (wfb::industrial_production iran growth_rate (* 4.6 %) );; line 53453 (wfb::electricity iran capacity (* 19080000 kw) );; line 53459 (wfb::electricity iran production (* 50.8e9 kwh) );; line 53461 (wfb::measurement-date electricity iran consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 53463 (wfb::electricity iran consumption_per_capita (* 745 kwh) );; line 53463 (wfb::industry iran petroleum-industry );; line 53467 (wfb::industry iran petrochemicals );; line 53467 (wfb::industry iran textiles );; line 53467 (wfb::industry iran cement_and_other_building_materials );; line 53467 (wfb::industry iran |food processing (particularly sugar refining and vegetable oil production)| );; line 53467 (wfb::industry iran metal_fabricating );; line 53467 (wfb::industry iran armaments_and_military_equipment );; line 53467 (wfb::agriculture iran "accounts for about 20% of GDP; principal products - wheat, rice, other grains, sugar beets, fruits, nuts, cotton, dairy products, wool, caviar; not self-sufficient in food" );; line 53473 (wfb::illicit_drugs iran "illicit producer of opium poppy for the domestic and international drug trade; produced 35-70 metric tons in 1993; net opiate importer but also a key transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin to Europe" );; line 53479 (wfb::economic_aid iran recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-80), $1 billion; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $1.675 billion; Communist countries (1970-89), $976 million" );; line 53486 (wfb::comment economic_aid iran "aid fell sharply following the 1979 revolution" );; line 53490 (wfb::comment currency iran "note - domestic figures are generally referred to in terms of the toman" );; line 53494 (wfb::abbreviation |10 Iranian rials (IR) = 1 toman| "n/a" );; line 53494 (wfb::currency iran |10 Iranian rials (IR) = 1 toman| n/a n/a );; line 53494 (wfb::exchange_rates iran "Iranian rials (IR) per US$1 - 1,749.04 (January 1995), 1,748.75 (1994), 1,267.77 (1993), 65.552 (1992), 67.505 (1991); black market rate: 3,000 rials per US$1 (December 1994)" );; line 53499 (wfb::fiscal_year iran date_21_mar date_20_mar );; line 53505 (wfb::railroads iran total "4,850 km; note - 480 km under construction from Bafq to Bandar-e 'Abbas; segment from Bafq to Sirjan has been completed and is operational; section from Sirjan to Bandar-e 'Abbas still under construction" );; line 53511 (wfb::railroads iran broad_gauge "90 km 1.676-m gauge" );; line 53515 (wfb::railroads iran narrow_gauge "4,760 km 1.432-m gauge" );; line 53517 (wfb::highways iran total (* 140200 km) );; line 53522 (wfb::highways iran paved (* 42694 km) );; line 53524 (wfb::highways iran (union gravel crushed_stone ) (* 46866 km) );; line 53526 (wfb::highways iran improved_earth (* 49440 km) );; line 53526 (wfb::highways iran unimproved_earth (* 1200 km) );; line 53526 (wfb::inland_waterways iran "904 km; the Shatt al Arab is usually navigable by maritime traffic for about 130 km; channel has been dredged to 3 meters and is in use" );; line 53531 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 5900 km) );; line 53536 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 3900 km) );; line 53536 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 4550 km) );; line 53536 (wfb::port iran abadan-iran );; line 53541 (wfb::comment port iran abadan-iran "largely destroyed in fighting during 1980-88 war" );; line 53541 (wfb::port iran ahvaz-iran );; line 53541 (wfb::port iran bandar_beheshti-iran );; line 53541 (wfb::port iran |Bandar-e 'Abbas-iran| );; line 53541 (wfb::port iran bandar-e_anzali-iran );; line 53541 (wfb::port iran bandar-e_bushehr-iran );; line 53541 (wfb::port iran bandar-e_khomeyni-iran );; line 53541 (wfb::port iran bandar-e_mah_shahr-iran );; line 53541 (wfb::port iran bandar-e_torkeman-iran );; line 53541 (wfb::port iran jazireh-ye_khark-iran );; line 53541 (wfb::port iran jazireh-ye_lavan-iran );; line 53541 (wfb::port iran jazireh-ye_sirri-iran );; line 53541 (wfb::port iran khorramshahr-iran );; line 53541 (wfb::comment port iran khorramshahr-iran "limited operation since November 1992" );; line 53541 (wfb::port iran now_shahr-iran );; line 53541 (wfb::merchant_marine iran total "132 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 3,816,820 GRT/6,991,693 DWT" );; line 53550 (wfb::merchant_marine iran ships_by_type "bulk 48, cargo 38, chemical tanker 5, combination bulk 2, liquefied gas tanker 1, oil tanker 26, refrigerated cargo 3, roll-on/roll-off cargo 8, short-sea passenger 1" );; line 53553 (wfb::airports iran total 261 );; line 53560 (wfb::airports iran |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 28 );; line 53562 (wfb::airports iran |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 12 );; line 53564 (wfb::airports iran |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 32 );; line 53566 (wfb::airports iran |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 20 );; line 53568 (wfb::airports iran with_paved_runways_under_914_m 46 );; line 53570 (wfb::airports iran |with unpaved runways over 3,047 m| 2 );; line 53572 (wfb::airports iran |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 2 );; line 53574 (wfb::airports iran |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 18 );; line 53576 (wfb::airports iran |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 101 );; line 53578 (wfb::telephone_system iran "2,143,000 telephones; 35 telephones/1,000 persons" );; line 53583 (wfb::telephone_system iran local "NA" );; line 53585 (wfb::telephone_system iran intercity "microwave radio relay extends throughout country; system centered in Tehran" );; line 53587 (wfb::telephone_system iran international "3 INTELSAT (2 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) earth stations; HF radio and microwave radio relay to Turkey, Pakistan, Syria, Kuwait, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan; submarine fiber optic cable to UAE" );; line 53590 (wfb::radio iran broadcast_stations am 77 );; line 53597 (wfb::radio iran broadcast_stations fm 3 );; line 53597 (wfb::radio iran broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 53597 (wfb::radio iran radios n/a );; line 53599 (wfb::television iran broadcast_stations 28 );; line 53604 (wfb::television iran televisions n/a );; line 53606 (wfb::defense_branch iran islamic_republic_of_iran_ground_forces_iran );; line 53612 (wfb::defense_branch iran navy_iran );; line 53612 (wfb::defense_branch iran air_and_air_defense_force_iran );; line 53612 (wfb::comment defense_branch iran revolutionary_guards_iran "includes Basij militia with its ground, air, and naval forces" );; line 53612 (wfb::defense_branch iran revolutionary_guards_iran );; line 53612 (wfb::defense_branch iran law_enforcement_forces_iran );; line 53612 (wfb::manpower_availability iran "males age 15-49 14,639,290; males fit for military service 8,703,732; males reach military age (21) annually 615,096 (1995 est.)" );; line 53618 (wfb::comment defense_expenditures iran "conversion of rial expenditures into US dollars using the current exchange rate could produce misleading results" );; line 53627 (wfb::markup-parameter figure iraq "graphno=\"iz.tif\"" );; line 53634 (wfb::location iraq "Middle East, bordering the Persian Gulf, between Iran and Kuwait" );; line 53638 (wfb::map_references iraq "Middle East" );; line 53642 (wfb::area iraq total_area (* 437072 sq_km) );; line 53647 (wfb::area iraq land_area (* 432162 sq_km) );; line 53649 (wfb::area iraq comparative_area "slightly more than twice the size of Idaho" );; line 53651 (wfb::borders iraq total (* 3631 km) );; line 53655 (wfb::borders iraq iran (* 1458 km) );; line 53655 (wfb::borders iraq jordan (* 181 km) );; line 53655 (wfb::borders iraq kuwait (* 242 km) );; line 53655 (wfb::borders iraq saudi_arabia (* 814 km) );; line 53655 (wfb::borders iraq syria (* 605 km) );; line 53655 (wfb::borders iraq turkey (* 331 km) );; line 53655 (wfb::coastline iraq (* 58 km) );; line 53660 (wfb::maritime_claims iraq territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 53667 (wfb::international_disputes iraq "Iran and Iraq restored diplomatic relations in 1990 but are still trying to work out written agreements settling outstanding disputes from their eight-year war concerning border demarcation, prisoners-of-war, and freedom of navigation and sovereignty over the Shatt al Arab waterway" );; line 53671 (wfb::measurement-date international_disputes date_1993 );; line 53671 (wfb::international_disputes iraq "in November 1994, Iraq formally accepted the UN-demarcated border with Kuwait which had been spelled out in Security Council Resolutions 687 (1991), 773 (1993), and 883 (1993)" );; line 53671 (wfb::international_disputes iraq "this formally ends earlier claims to Kuwait and to Bubiyan and Warbah islands" );; line 53671 (wfb::international_disputes iraq "potential dispute over water development plans by Turkey for the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers" );; line 53671 (wfb::climate iraq "mostly desert" );; line 53683 (wfb::climate iraq "mild to cool winters with dry, hot, cloudless summers" );; line 53683 (wfb::climate iraq "northern mountainous regions along Iranian and Turkish borders experience cold winters with occasionally heavy snows which melt in early spring, sometimes causing extensive flooding in central and southern Iraq" );; line 53683 (wfb::terrain iraq "mostly broad plains" );; line 53690 (wfb::terrain iraq "reedy marshes along Iranian border in south" );; line 53690 (wfb::terrain iraq "mountains along borders with Iran and Turkey" );; line 53690 (wfb::natural-resource iraq petroleum );; line 53695 (wfb::natural-resource iraq natural_gas );; line 53695 (wfb::natural-resource iraq phosphates );; line 53695 (wfb::natural-resource iraq sulfur );; line 53695 (wfb::land_use iraq arable_land (* 12 %) );; line 53700 (wfb::land_use iraq permanent_crops (* 1 %) );; line 53702 (wfb::land_use iraq meadows_and_pastures (* 9 %) );; line 53704 (wfb::land_use iraq forest_and_woodland (* 3 %) );; line 53706 (wfb::land_use iraq other (* 75 %) );; line 53708 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land iraq date_1989 );; line 53712 (wfb::irrigated_land iraq (* 25500 sq_km) );; line 53712 (wfb::environment iraq current_issues "government water control projects have drained most of the inhabited marsh areas west of Al Qurnah by drying up or diverting the feeder streams and rivers" );; line 53717 (wfb::environment iraq current_issues "a once sizable population of Shi'a Muslims, who have inhabited these areas for thousands of years, has been displaced" );; line 53717 (wfb::environment iraq current_issues "furthermore, the destruction of the natural habitat poses serious threats to the area's wildlife populations" );; line 53717 (wfb::environment iraq current_issues "inadequate supplies of potable water" );; line 53717 (wfb::environment iraq current_issues "development of Tigris-Euphrates Rivers system contingent upon agreements with upstream riparian Turkey" );; line 53717 (wfb::environment iraq current_issues "air and water pollution" );; line 53717 (wfb::environment iraq current_issues "soil degradation (salinization) and erosion" );; line 53717 (wfb::environment iraq current_issues "desertification" );; line 53717 (wfb::environment iraq natural_hazards "duststorms, sandstorms, floods" );; line 53727 (wfb::environment iraq international_agreements "party to - Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban" );; line 53729 (wfb::environment iraq international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Environmental Modification" );; line 53729 (wfb::estimation-date population iraq date_jul_1995 );; line 53736 (wfb::population iraq 20643769 );; line 53736 (wfb::age_structure iraq 0-14_years (* 48 %) );; line 53741 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex iraq 0-14_years female 4850028 );; line 53741 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex iraq 0-14_years male 5009513 );; line 53741 (wfb::age_structure iraq 15-64_years (* 49 %) );; line 53743 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex iraq 15-64_years female 5021710 );; line 53743 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex iraq 15-64_years male 5125191 );; line 53743 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure iraq 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 53745 (wfb::age_structure iraq 65_years_and_over (* 3 %) );; line 53745 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex iraq 65_years_and_over female 338790 );; line 53745 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex iraq 65_years_and_over male 298537 );; line 53745 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate iraq date_1995 );; line 53749 (wfb::population_growth_rate iraq (* 3.72 %) );; line 53749 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate iraq date_1995 );; line 53753 (wfb::birth_rate iraq (* 43.6 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 53753 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate iraq date_1995 );; line 53757 (wfb::death_rate iraq (* 6.82 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 53757 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate iraq date_1995 );; line 53761 (wfb::net_migration_rate iraq (* 0.39 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 53761 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate iraq date_1995 );; line 53765 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate iraq (* 62.4 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 53765 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth iraq total_population (* 66.52 years) );; line 53770 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth iraq male (* 65.54 years) );; line 53772 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth iraq female date_1995 );; line 53774 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth iraq female (* 67.56 years) );; line 53774 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate iraq date_1995 );; line 53778 (wfb::total_fertility_rate iraq (* 6.56 children_born/woman) );; line 53778 (wfb::nationality iraq noun "Iraqi(s)" );; line 53783 (wfb::nationality iraq adjective "Iraqi" );; line 53785 (wfb::ethnic-entity iraq arab_75% (* -80 %) );; line 53789 (wfb::ethnic-entity iraq kurdish_15% (* -20 %) );; line 53789 (wfb::ethnic-entity iraq union11 (* 5 %) );; line 53789 (wfb::comment religion "Shi'a 60%-65%, Sunni 32%-37%" );; line 53793 (wfb::religion iraq muslim (* 97 %) );; line 53793 (wfb::religion iraq christian_or_other (* 3 %) );; line 53793 (wfb::language iraq arabic n/a );; line 53797 (wfb::language iraq kurdish n/a );; line 53797 (wfb::comment language iraq kurdish "official in Kurdish regions" );; line 53797 (wfb::language iraq assyrian n/a );; line 53797 (wfb::language iraq armenian-language-group n/a );; line 53797 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition iraq date_1985 );; line 53802 (wfb::literacy-condition iraq "age 15-45 can read and write" );; line 53802 (wfb::literacy iraq total_population (* 89 %) );; line 53804 (wfb::literacy iraq male (* 90 %) );; line 53806 (wfb::literacy iraq female (* 88 %) );; line 53808 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force iraq date_1989 );; line 53812 (wfb::total_labor_force iraq 4.4e6 );; line 53812 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation iraq services (* 48 %) );; line 53814 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation iraq agriculture (* 30 %) );; line 53814 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation iraq industry (* 22 %) );; line 53814 (wfb::comment labor_force iraq "severe labor shortage; expatriate labor force was about 1,600,000 (July 1990); since then, it has declined substantially" );; line 53816 (wfb::names iraq conventional_long_form "Republic of Iraq" );; line 53823 (wfb::names iraq conventional_short_form "Iraq" );; line 53825 (wfb::names iraq local_long_form "Al Jumhuriyah al Iraqiyah" );; line 53827 (wfb::names iraq local_short_form "Al Iraq" );; line 53829 (wfb::digraph iraq "IZ" );; line 53833 (wfb::type iraq "republic" );; line 53837 (wfb::capital iraq baghdad-iraq );; line 53841 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_iraq_provinces "provinces" "muhafazat" "muhafazah" );; line 53845 (wfb::administrative_divisions iraq adm_div_iraq_provinces 18 );; line 53845 (wfb::administrative_division_of iraq adm_div_iraq_provinces "Al Anbar" );; line 53845 (wfb::administrative_division_of iraq adm_div_iraq_provinces "Al Basrah" );; line 53845 (wfb::administrative_division_of iraq adm_div_iraq_provinces "Al Muthanna" );; line 53845 (wfb::administrative_division_of iraq adm_div_iraq_provinces "Al Qadisiyah" );; line 53845 (wfb::administrative_division_of iraq adm_div_iraq_provinces "An Najaf" );; line 53845 (wfb::administrative_division_of iraq adm_div_iraq_provinces "Arbil" );; line 53845 (wfb::administrative_division_of iraq adm_div_iraq_provinces "As Sulaymaniyah" );; line 53845 (wfb::administrative_division_of iraq adm_div_iraq_provinces "At Ta'mim" );; line 53845 (wfb::administrative_division_of iraq adm_div_iraq_provinces "Babil" );; line 53845 (wfb::administrative_division_of iraq adm_div_iraq_provinces "Baghdad" );; line 53845 (wfb::administrative_division_of iraq adm_div_iraq_provinces "Dahuk" );; line 53845 (wfb::administrative_division_of iraq adm_div_iraq_provinces "Dhi Qar" );; line 53845 (wfb::administrative_division_of iraq adm_div_iraq_provinces "Diyala" );; line 53845 (wfb::administrative_division_of iraq adm_div_iraq_provinces "Karbala'" );; line 53845 (wfb::administrative_division_of iraq adm_div_iraq_provinces "Maysan" );; line 53845 (wfb::administrative_division_of iraq adm_div_iraq_provinces "Ninawa" );; line 53845 (wfb::administrative_division_of iraq adm_div_iraq_provinces "Salah ad Din" );; line 53845 (wfb::administrative_division_of iraq adm_div_iraq_provinces "Wasit" );; line 53845 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1968 );; line 53857 (wfb::comment national_holiday iraq "1968" );; line 53857 (wfb::national_holiday iraq "Anniversary of the Revolution" date_17_jul );; line 53857 (wfb::constitution iraq "22 September 1968, effective 16 July 1970 (provisional Constitution); new constitution drafted in 1990 but not adopted" );; line 53861 (wfb::legal_system iraq "based on Islamic law in special religious courts, civil law system elsewhere; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 53866 (wfb::comment suffrage iraq " universal" );; line 53871 (wfb::suffrage iraq (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 53871 (wfb::comment executive_branch iraq chief_of_state "Vice President Taha Muhyi al-Din MARUF (since 21 April 1974)" );; line 53876 (wfb::comment executive_branch iraq chief_of_state "Vice President Taha Yasin RAMADAN (since 23 March 1991)" );; line 53876 (wfb::executive_branch iraq chief_of_state "President SADDAM Husayn " date_16_jul_1979 );; line 53876 (wfb::comment executive_branch iraq head_of_government "Deputy Prime Minister Tariq Mikhail AZIZ (since NA 1979)" );; line 53880 (wfb::executive_branch iraq head_of_government "Prime Minister SADDAM Husayn " date_may_1994 );; line 53880 (wfb::executive_branch iraq revolutionary_command_council "Chairman SADDAM Husayn, Vice Chairman Izzat IBRAHIM al-Duri" );; line 53883 (wfb::executive_branch iraq cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 53885 (wfb::legislative_structure iraq unicameral n/a );; line 53889 (wfb::legislative_branch iraq "National Assembly (Majlis al-Watani)" "elections last held on 1 April 1989 (next to be held NA); results - Sunni Arabs 53%, Shi'a Arabs 30%, Kurds 15%, Christians 2% (est.); seats - (250 total) number of seats by party NA" );; line 53891 (wfb::comment legislative_branch iraq "in northern Iraq, a \"Kurdish Assembly\" was elected in May 1992 and calls for Kurdish self-determination within a federated Iraq; the assembly is not recognized by the Baghdad government" );; line 53895 (wfb::judicial_branch iraq "Court of Cassation" );; line 53901 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders iraq "Ba'th Party" );; line 53905 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups iraq "political parties and activity severely restricted; opposition to regime from disaffected members of the Ba'th Party, Army officers, and Shi'a religious and ethnic Kurdish dissidents; the Green Party (government-controlled)" );; line 53909 (wfb::member_of iraq abeda );; line 53915 (wfb::member_of iraq acc );; line 53915 (wfb::member_of iraq afesd );; line 53915 (wfb::member_of iraq al );; line 53915 (wfb::member_of iraq amf );; line 53915 (wfb::member_of iraq caeu );; line 53915 (wfb::member_of iraq ccc );; line 53915 (wfb::member_of iraq escwa );; line 53915 (wfb::member_of iraq fao );; line 53915 (wfb::member_of iraq g-19 );; line 53915 (wfb::member_of iraq g-77 );; line 53915 (wfb::member_of iraq iaea );; line 53915 (wfb::member_of iraq ibrd );; line 53915 (wfb::member_of iraq icao );; line 53915 (wfb::member_of iraq icrm );; line 53915 (wfb::member_of iraq ida );; line 53915 (wfb::member_of iraq idb );; line 53915 (wfb::member_of iraq ifad );; line 53915 (wfb::member_of iraq ifc );; line 53915 (wfb::member_of iraq ifrcs );; line 53915 (wfb::member_of iraq ilo );; line 53915 (wfb::member_of iraq imf );; line 53915 (wfb::member_of iraq imo );; line 53915 (wfb::member_of iraq inmarsat );; line 53915 (wfb::member_of iraq intelsat );; line 53915 (wfb::member_of iraq interpol );; line 53915 (wfb::member_of iraq ioc );; line 53915 (wfb::member_of iraq itu );; line 53915 (wfb::member_of iraq nam );; line 53915 (wfb::member_of iraq oapec );; line 53915 (wfb::member_of iraq oic );; line 53915 (wfb::member_of iraq opec );; line 53915 (wfb::member_of iraq pca );; line 53915 (wfb::member_of iraq un );; line 53915 (wfb::member_of iraq unctad );; line 53915 (wfb::member_of iraq unesco );; line 53915 (wfb::member_of iraq unido );; line 53915 (wfb::member_of iraq upu );; line 53915 (wfb::member_of iraq wftu );; line 53915 (wfb::member_of iraq who );; line 53915 (wfb::member_of iraq wipo );; line 53915 (wfb::member_of iraq wmo );; line 53915 (wfb::member_of iraq wto );; line 53915 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us iraq chief_of_mission "Iraq has an Interest Section in the Algerian Embassy in Washington, DC" );; line 53923 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us iraq chancery "Iraqi Interests Section, 1801 P Street NW, Washington, DC 20036" );; line 53926 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us iraq telephone "[1] (202) 483-7500" );; line 53928 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us iraq fax "[1] (202) 462-5066" );; line 53930 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation iraq chief_of_mission "(vacant); note - operations have been temporarily suspended; a US Interests Section is located in Poland's embassy in Baghdad" );; line 53935 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation iraq embassy "Masbah Quarter (opposite the Foreign Ministry Club), Baghdad" );; line 53938 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation iraq mailing_address "P. O. Box 2447 Alwiyah, Baghdad" );; line 53940 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation iraq telephone "[964] (1) 719-6138, 719-6139, 718-1840, 719-3791" );; line 53942 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation iraq fax "Telex 212287" );; line 53944 (wfb::flag iraq "three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and black with three green five-pointed stars in a horizontal line centered in the white band; the phrase ALLAHU AKBAR (God is Great) in green Arabic script - Allahu to the right of the middle star and Akbar to the left of the middle star - was added in January 1991 during the Persian Gulf crisis; similar to the flag of Syria that has two stars but no script and the flag of Yemen that has a plain white band; also similar to the flag of Egypt that has a symbolic eagle centered in the white band" );; line 53948 (wfb::overview iraq "The Ba'thist regime engages in extensive central planning and management of industrial production and foreign trade while leaving some small-scale industry and services and most agriculture to private enterprise. The economy has been dominated by the oil sector, which has traditionally provided about 95% of foreign exchange earnings. In the 1980s, financial problems caused by massive expenditures in the eight-year war with Iran and damage to oil export facilities by Iran, led the government to implement austerity measures and to borrow heavily and later reschedule foreign debt payments. After the end of hostilities in 1988, oil exports gradually increased with the construction of new pipelines and restoration of damaged facilities. Agricultural development remained hampered by labor shortages, salinization, and dislocations caused by previous land reform and collectivization programs. The industrial sector, although accorded high priority by the government, also was under financial constraints. Iraq's seizure of Kuwait in August 1990, subsequent international economic embargoes, and military action by an international coalition beginning in January 1991 drastically changed the economic picture. Industrial and transportation facilities, which suffered severe damage, have been partially restored. Oil exports remain at less than 5% of the previous level. Shortages of spare parts continue. Living standards deteriorated even further in 1993 and 1994; consumer prices have more than doubled in both 1993 and 1994. The UN-sponsored economic embargo has reduced exports and imports and has contributed to the sharp rise in prices. The Iraqi government has been unwilling to abide by UN resolutions so that the economic embargo can be removed. The government's policies of supporting large military and internal security forces and of allocating resources to key supporters of the regime have exacerbated shortages. In brief, per capita output in 1993-94 is far below the 1989-90 level, but no precise estimate is available." );; line 53960 (wfb::national_product iraq (* n/a $) );; line 53990 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate iraq (* n/a %) );; line 53994 (wfb::national_product_per_capita iraq (* n/a $) );; line 53998 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| iraq "NA%" );; line 54002 (wfb::unemployment_rate iraq (* n/a %) );; line 54006 (wfb::budget iraq revenues (* n/a $) );; line 54011 (wfb::budget iraq expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 54013 (wfb::budget iraq capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 54013 (wfb::exports iraq (* 10.4e9 $) );; line 54017 (wfb::exports iraq commodities crude_oil_and_refined_products n/a );; line 54019 (wfb::exports iraq commodities fertilizer-commodity n/a );; line 54019 (wfb::exports iraq commodities sulfur-commodity n/a );; line 54019 (wfb::measurement-date exports iraq date_1990 );; line 54021 (wfb::exports iraq partners us n/a );; line 54021 (wfb::exports iraq partners brazil n/a );; line 54021 (wfb::exports iraq partners turkey n/a );; line 54021 (wfb::exports iraq partners japan n/a );; line 54021 (wfb::exports iraq partners netherlands n/a );; line 54021 (wfb::exports iraq partners spain n/a );; line 54021 (wfb::imports iraq (* 6.6e9 $) );; line 54025 (wfb::imports iraq commodities manufactures n/a );; line 54027 (wfb::imports iraq commodities food n/a );; line 54027 (wfb::measurement-date imports iraq date_1990 );; line 54029 (wfb::imports iraq partners germany n/a );; line 54029 (wfb::imports iraq partners us n/a );; line 54029 (wfb::imports iraq partners turkey n/a );; line 54029 (wfb::imports iraq partners france n/a );; line 54029 (wfb::imports iraq partners uk n/a );; line 54029 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1989 );; line 54038 (wfb::industrial_production iraq growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 54038 (wfb::electricity iraq capacity (* 7170000 kw) );; line 54043 (wfb::electricity iraq production (* 25.7e9 kwh) );; line 54045 (wfb::measurement-date electricity iraq consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 54047 (wfb::electricity iraq consumption_per_capita (* 1247 kwh) );; line 54047 (wfb::industry iraq petroleum_production_and_refining );; line 54051 (wfb::industry iraq chemicals );; line 54051 (wfb::industry iraq textiles );; line 54051 (wfb::industry iraq construction_materials-industry );; line 54051 (wfb::industry iraq food_processing );; line 54051 (wfb::agriculture iraq "accounted for 11% of GNP and 30% of labor force before the Gulf war; principal products - wheat, barley, rice, vegetables, dates, other fruit, cotton, wool; livestock - cattle, sheep; not self-sufficient in food output" );; line 54056 (wfb::economic_aid iraq recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-80), $3 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $647 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $3.9 billion" );; line 54064 (wfb::abbreviation iraqi_dinar "ID" );; line 54070 (wfb::currency iraq iraqi_dinar 1000 fils );; line 54070 (wfb::exchange_rates iraq "Iraqi dinars (ID) per US$1 - 3.2 (fixed official rate since 1982); black-market rate (March 1995) US$1 = 1200 Iraqi dinars; semi-official rate US$1 = 650 Iraqi dinars" );; line 54074 (wfb::fiscal_year iraq date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 54080 (wfb::railroads iraq total "2,457 km" );; line 54086 (wfb::railroads iraq standard_gauge "2,457 km 1.435-m gauge" );; line 54088 (wfb::highways iraq total (* 45550 km) );; line 54093 (wfb::highways iraq paved (* 38400 km) );; line 54095 (wfb::estimation-date highways iraq date_1989 );; line 54097 (wfb::inland_waterways iraq "1,015 km; Shatt al Arab is usually navigable by maritime traffic for about 130 km; channel has been dredged to 3 meters and is in use; Tigris and Euphrates Rivers have navigable sections for shallow-draft watercraft; Shatt al Basrah canal was navigable by shallow-draft craft before closing in 1991 because of the Persian Gulf war" );; line 54101 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 4350 km) );; line 54109 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 725 km) );; line 54109 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 1360 km) );; line 54109 (wfb::port iraq umm_qasr-iraq );; line 54114 (wfb::port iraq khawr_az_zubayr-iraq );; line 54114 (wfb::merchant_marine iraq total "36 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 795,346 GRT/1,431,154 DWT" );; line 54120 (wfb::merchant_marine iraq ships_by_type "cargo 14, oil tanker 16, passenger 1, passenger-cargo 1, refrigerated cargo 1, roll-on/roll-off cargo 3" );; line 54122 (wfb::airports iraq total 121 );; line 54128 (wfb::airports iraq |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 21 );; line 54130 (wfb::airports iraq |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 34 );; line 54132 (wfb::airports iraq |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 8 );; line 54134 (wfb::airports iraq |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 7 );; line 54136 (wfb::airports iraq with_paved_runways_under_914_m 22 );; line 54138 (wfb::airports iraq |with unpaved runways over 3,047 m| 3 );; line 54140 (wfb::airports iraq |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 5 );; line 54142 (wfb::airports iraq |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 5 );; line 54144 (wfb::airports iraq |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 16 );; line 54146 (wfb::telephone_system iraq "632,000 telephones; reconstitution of damaged telecommunication facilities began after the Gulf war; most damaged facilities have been rebuilt" );; line 54151 (wfb::telephone_system iraq local "NA" );; line 54154 (wfb::telephone_system iraq intercity "the network consists of coaxial cables and microwave radio relay links" );; line 54156 (wfb::telephone_system iraq international "2 INTELSAT (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean), 1 GORIZONT (Atlantic Ocean) in the Intersputnik system, and 1 ARABSAT earth station; coaxial cable and microwave radio relay to Jordan, Kuwait, Syria, and Turkey; Kuwait line is probably non-operational" );; line 54159 (wfb::radio iraq broadcast_stations am 16 );; line 54167 (wfb::radio iraq broadcast_stations fm 1 );; line 54167 (wfb::radio iraq broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 54167 (wfb::radio iraq radios n/a );; line 54169 (wfb::television iraq broadcast_stations 13 );; line 54174 (wfb::television iraq televisions n/a );; line 54176 (wfb::defense_branch iraq army_iraq );; line 54182 (wfb::defense_branch iraq republican_guard_and_special_republican_guard_iraq );; line 54182 (wfb::defense_branch iraq navy_iraq );; line 54182 (wfb::defense_branch iraq air_force_iraq );; line 54182 (wfb::defense_branch iraq air_defense_force_iraq );; line 54182 (wfb::defense_branch iraq border_guard_force_iraq );; line 54182 (wfb::defense_branch iraq internal_security_forces_iraq );; line 54182 (wfb::manpower_availability iraq "males age 15-49 4,626,610; males fit for military service 2,597,687; males reach military age (18) annually 229,015 (1995 est.)" );; line 54187 (wfb::markup-parameter figure ireland "graphno=\"ei.tif\"" );; line 54198 (wfb::location ireland "Western Europe, occupying five-sixths of the island of Ireland in the North Atlantic Ocean, west of Great Britain" );; line 54202 (wfb::map_references ireland "Europe" );; line 54207 (wfb::area ireland total_area (* 70280 sq_km) );; line 54212 (wfb::area ireland land_area (* 68890 sq_km) );; line 54214 (wfb::area ireland comparative_area "slightly larger than West Virginia" );; line 54216 (wfb::borders ireland total (* 360 km) );; line 54220 (wfb::borders ireland uk (* 360 km) );; line 54220 (wfb::coastline ireland (* 1448 km) );; line 54224 (wfb::maritime_claims ireland exclusive_fishing_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 54231 (wfb::maritime_claims ireland territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 54233 (wfb::international_disputes ireland "Northern Ireland question with the UK" );; line 54237 (wfb::international_disputes ireland "Rockall continental shelf dispute involving Denmark, Iceland, and the UK (Ireland and the UK have signed a boundary agreement in the Rockall area)" );; line 54237 (wfb::climate ireland "temperate maritime" );; line 54243 (wfb::climate ireland "modified by North Atlantic Current" );; line 54243 (wfb::climate ireland "mild winters, cool summers" );; line 54243 (wfb::climate ireland "consistently humid" );; line 54243 (wfb::climate ireland "overcast about half the time" );; line 54243 (wfb::terrain ireland "mostly level to rolling interior plain surrounded by rugged hills and low mountains" );; line 54248 (wfb::terrain ireland "sea cliffs on west coast" );; line 54248 (wfb::natural-resource ireland zinc );; line 54253 (wfb::natural-resource ireland lead );; line 54253 (wfb::natural-resource ireland natural_gas );; line 54253 (wfb::natural-resource ireland petroleum );; line 54253 (wfb::natural-resource ireland barite );; line 54253 (wfb::natural-resource ireland copper );; line 54253 (wfb::natural-resource ireland gypsum );; line 54253 (wfb::natural-resource ireland limestone );; line 54253 (wfb::natural-resource ireland dolomite );; line 54253 (wfb::natural-resource ireland peat );; line 54253 (wfb::natural-resource ireland silver );; line 54253 (wfb::land_use ireland arable_land (* 14 %) );; line 54259 (wfb::land_use ireland permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 54261 (wfb::land_use ireland meadows_and_pastures (* 71 %) );; line 54263 (wfb::land_use ireland forest_and_woodland (* 5 %) );; line 54265 (wfb::land_use ireland other (* 10 %) );; line 54267 (wfb::irrigated_land ireland (* n/a sq_km) );; line 54271 (wfb::environment ireland current_issues "water pollution, especially of lakes, from agricultural runoff" );; line 54276 (wfb::environment ireland natural_hazards "NA" );; line 54278 (wfb::environment ireland international_agreements "party to - Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Climate Change, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands, Whaling" );; line 54280 (wfb::environment ireland international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Biodiversity, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation" );; line 54280 (wfb::note ireland "strategic location on major air and sea routes between North America and northern Europe; over 40% of the population resides within 60 miles of Dublin" );; line 54288 (wfb::estimation-date population ireland date_jul_1995 );; line 54296 (wfb::population ireland 3550448 );; line 54296 (wfb::age_structure ireland 0-14_years (* 24 %) );; line 54301 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex ireland 0-14_years female 415640 );; line 54301 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex ireland 0-14_years male 440468 );; line 54301 (wfb::age_structure ireland 15-64_years (* 64 %) );; line 54303 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex ireland 15-64_years female 1125638 );; line 54303 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex ireland 15-64_years male 1155823 );; line 54303 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure ireland 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 54305 (wfb::age_structure ireland 65_years_and_over (* 12 %) );; line 54305 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex ireland 65_years_and_over female 237098 );; line 54305 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex ireland 65_years_and_over male 175781 );; line 54305 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate ireland date_1995 );; line 54309 (wfb::population_growth_rate ireland (* 0.33 %) );; line 54309 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate ireland date_1995 );; line 54313 (wfb::birth_rate ireland (* 14.04 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 54313 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate ireland date_1995 );; line 54317 (wfb::death_rate ireland (* 8.48 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 54317 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate ireland date_1995 );; line 54321 (wfb::net_migration_rate ireland (* -2.22 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 54321 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate ireland date_1995 );; line 54325 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate ireland (* 7.2 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 54325 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth ireland total_population (* 75.99 years) );; line 54330 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth ireland male (* 73.15 years) );; line 54332 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth ireland female date_1995 );; line 54334 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth ireland female (* 79 years) );; line 54334 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate ireland date_1995 );; line 54338 (wfb::total_fertility_rate ireland (* 1.95 children_born/woman) );; line 54338 (wfb::nationality ireland noun "Irishman(men), Irishwoman(men), Irish (collective plural)" );; line 54343 (wfb::nationality ireland adjective "Irish" );; line 54345 (wfb::ethnic-entity ireland celtic n/a );; line 54349 (wfb::ethnic-entity ireland english-ethnic-entity n/a );; line 54349 (wfb::measurement-date religion date_1981 );; line 54353 (wfb::religion ireland roman_catholic (* 93 %) );; line 54353 (wfb::religion ireland anglican (* 3 %) );; line 54353 (wfb::religion ireland unknown (* 2 %) );; line 54353 (wfb::language ireland irish n/a );; line 54358 (wfb::comment language ireland irish "Gaelic" );; line 54358 (wfb::language ireland english_is_the_language_generally_used n/a );; line 54358 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition ireland date_1981 );; line 54363 (wfb::literacy-condition ireland "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 54363 (wfb::literacy ireland total_population (* 98 %) );; line 54365 (wfb::total_labor_force ireland 1.37e6 );; line 54369 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force ireland by_occupation date_1992 );; line 54371 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1992 );; line 54371 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation ireland services (* 57.0 %) );; line 54371 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation ireland manufacturing_and_construction (* 28 %) );; line 54371 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation ireland agriculture n/a );; line 54371 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation ireland forestry n/a );; line 54371 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation ireland fishing-occupation-type (* 13.5 %) );; line 54371 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation ireland energy_and_mining (* 1.5 %) );; line 54371 (wfb::names ireland conventional_short_form "Ireland" );; line 54380 (wfb::digraph ireland "EI" );; line 54384 (wfb::type ireland "republic" );; line 54388 (wfb::capital ireland dublin-ireland );; line 54392 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_ireland_counties "counties" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 54396 (wfb::administrative_divisions ireland adm_div_ireland_counties 26 );; line 54396 (wfb::administrative_division_of ireland adm_div_ireland_counties "Carlow" );; line 54396 (wfb::administrative_division_of ireland adm_div_ireland_counties "Cavan" );; line 54396 (wfb::administrative_division_of ireland adm_div_ireland_counties "Clare" );; line 54396 (wfb::administrative_division_of ireland adm_div_ireland_counties "Cork" );; line 54396 (wfb::administrative_division_of ireland adm_div_ireland_counties "Donegal" );; line 54396 (wfb::administrative_division_of ireland adm_div_ireland_counties "Dublin" );; line 54396 (wfb::administrative_division_of ireland adm_div_ireland_counties "Galway" );; line 54396 (wfb::administrative_division_of ireland adm_div_ireland_counties "Kerry" );; line 54396 (wfb::administrative_division_of ireland adm_div_ireland_counties "Kildare" );; line 54396 (wfb::administrative_division_of ireland adm_div_ireland_counties "Kilkenny" );; line 54396 (wfb::administrative_division_of ireland adm_div_ireland_counties "Laois" );; line 54396 (wfb::administrative_division_of ireland adm_div_ireland_counties "Leitrim" );; line 54396 (wfb::administrative_division_of ireland adm_div_ireland_counties "Limerick" );; line 54396 (wfb::administrative_division_of ireland adm_div_ireland_counties "Longford" );; line 54396 (wfb::administrative_division_of ireland adm_div_ireland_counties "Louth" );; line 54396 (wfb::administrative_division_of ireland adm_div_ireland_counties "Mayo" );; line 54396 (wfb::administrative_division_of ireland adm_div_ireland_counties "Meath" );; line 54396 (wfb::administrative_division_of ireland adm_div_ireland_counties "Monaghan" );; line 54396 (wfb::administrative_division_of ireland adm_div_ireland_counties "Offaly" );; line 54396 (wfb::administrative_division_of ireland adm_div_ireland_counties "Roscommon" );; line 54396 (wfb::administrative_division_of ireland adm_div_ireland_counties "Sligo" );; line 54396 (wfb::administrative_division_of ireland adm_div_ireland_counties "Tipperary" );; line 54396 (wfb::administrative_division_of ireland adm_div_ireland_counties "Waterford" );; line 54396 (wfb::administrative_division_of ireland adm_div_ireland_counties "Westmeath" );; line 54396 (wfb::administrative_division_of ireland adm_div_ireland_counties "Wexford" );; line 54396 (wfb::administrative_division_of ireland adm_div_ireland_counties "Wicklow" );; line 54396 (wfb::independence ireland date_6_dec_1921 "UK" );; line 54403 (wfb::national_holiday ireland "Saint Patrick's Day" date_17_mar );; line 54407 (wfb::constitution ireland "29 December 1937; adopted 1 July 1937 by plebescite" );; line 54411 (wfb::legal_system ireland "based on English common law, substantially modified by indigenous concepts; judicial review of legislative acts in Supreme Court; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 54415 (wfb::comment suffrage ireland " universal" );; line 54421 (wfb::suffrage ireland (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 54421 (wfb::comment executive_branch ireland chief_of_state "election last held 9 November 1990 (next to be held November 1997)" );; line 54426 (wfb::comment executive_branch ireland chief_of_state "results - Mary Bourke ROBINSON 52.8%, Brian LENIHAN 47.2%" );; line 54426 (wfb::executive_branch ireland chief_of_state "President Mary Bourke ROBINSON " date_9_nov_1990 );; line 54426 (wfb::executive_branch ireland head_of_government "Prime Minister John BRUTON " date_15_dec_1994 );; line 54430 (wfb::comment executive_branch ireland cabinet "appointed by president with previous nomination of the prime minister and approval of the House of Representatives" );; line 54432 (wfb::executive_branch ireland cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 54432 (wfb::legislative_structure ireland bicameral "Parliament (Oireachtas)" );; line 54437 (wfb::legislative_branch ireland "Senate (Seanad Eireann)" "elections last held NA February 1992 (next to be held NA February 1997); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (60 total, 49 elected) Fianna Fail 26, Fine Gael 16, Labor 9, Progressive Democrats 2, Democratic Left 1, independents 6" );; line 54439 (wfb::legislative_branch ireland "House of Representatives (Dail Eireann)" "elections last held on 25 November 1992 (next to be held by November 1997); results - Fianna Fail 39.1%, Fine Gael 24.5%, Labor Party 19.3%, Progressive Democrats 4.7%, Democratic Left 2.8%, Sinn Fein 1.6%, Workers' Party 0.7%, independents 5.9%; seats - (166 total) Fianna Fail 68, Fine Gael 45, Labor Party 33, Progressive Democrats 10 Democratic Left 4, Greens 1, independents 5" );; line 54444 (wfb::judicial_branch ireland "Supreme Court" );; line 54453 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders ireland "Democratic Left, Proinsias DE ROSSA; Fianna Fail, Bertie AHERN; Labor Party, Richard SPRING; Fine Gael, John BRUTON; Communist Party of Ireland, Michael O'RIORDAN; Sinn Fein, Gerry ADAMS; Progressive Democrats, Desmond O'MALLEY; The Workers' Party, Marion DONNELLY; Green Alliance, Bronwen MAHER" );; line 54457 (wfb::comment political_parties_and_leaders ireland "Prime Minister BRUTON heads a three-party coalition consisting of the Fine Gael, the Labor Party, and the Democratic Left" );; line 54463 (wfb::member_of ireland australia_group );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland bis );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland ccc );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland ce );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland ebrd );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland ec-international-organization );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland ece );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland eib );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland esa );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland fao );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland gatt );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland iaea );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland ibrd );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland icao );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland icc );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland icrm );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland ida );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland iea );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland ifad );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland ifc );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland ifrcs );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland ilo );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland imf );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland imo );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland intelsat );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland interpol );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland ioc );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland iso );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland itu );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland minurso );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland mtcr );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland nea );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland nsg );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland oecd );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland onusal );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland osce );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland un );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland unctad );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland unesco );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland unficyp );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland unido );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland unifil );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland unikom );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland unomoz );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland unosom );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland unprofor );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland untso );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland upu );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland weu );; line 54468 (wfb::comment member_of ireland weu "observer" );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland who );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland wipo );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland wmo );; line 54468 (wfb::member_of ireland zc );; line 54468 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us ireland chief_of_mission "Ambassador Dermot A. GALLAGHER" );; line 54477 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us ireland chancery "2234 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 54479 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us ireland telephone "[1] (202) 462-3939" );; line 54481 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us ireland |consulate(s) general| "Boston, Chicago, New York, and San Francisco" );; line 54483 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation ireland chief_of_mission "Ambassador Jean Kennedy SMITH" );; line 54488 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation ireland embassy "42 Elgin Road, Ballsbridge, Dublin" );; line 54490 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation ireland mailing_address "use embassy street address" );; line 54492 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation ireland telephone "[353] (1) 6687122" );; line 54494 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation ireland fax "[353] (1) 6689946" );; line 54496 (wfb::flag ireland "three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and orange; similar to the flag of the Cote d'Ivoire, which is shorter and has the colors reversed - orange (hoist side), white, and green; also similar to the flag of Italy, which is shorter and has colors of green (hoist side), white, and red" );; line 54500 (wfb::overview ireland "The economy is small and trade dependent. Agriculture, once the most important sector, is now dwarfed by industry, which accounts for 37% of GDP, about 80% of exports, and employs 28% of the labor force. Although exports remain the primary engine for Ireland's robust growth, the economy is also benefiting from a rise in consumer spending and recovery in both construction and business investment. Ireland has substantially reduced its external debt since 1987, to 40% of GDP in 1994. Over the same period, inflation has fallen sharply and chronic trade deficits have been transformed into annual surpluses. Unemployment remains a serious problem, however, and job creation is the main focus of government policy. To ease unemployment, Dublin aggressively courts foreign investors and recently created a new industrial development agency to aid small indigenous firms. Government assistance is constrained by Dublin's continuing deficit reduction measures." );; line 54509 (wfb::estimation-date national_product ireland date_1994 );; line 54525 (wfb::national_product ireland (* 49.8e9 $) );; line 54525 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate ireland date_1994 );; line 54529 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate ireland (* 5.5 %) );; line 54529 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita ireland date_1994 );; line 54533 (wfb::national_product_per_capita ireland (* 14060 $) );; line 54533 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| ireland "2.7% (1994 est.)" );; line 54537 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate ireland date_1994 );; line 54541 (wfb::unemployment_rate ireland (* 16 %) );; line 54541 (wfb::budget ireland revenues (* 16e9 $) );; line 54546 (wfb::measurement-date budget ireland date_1994 );; line 54548 (wfb::budget ireland expenditures (* 16.6e9 $) );; line 54548 (wfb::budget ireland capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 54548 (wfb::exports ireland (* 28e9 $) );; line 54552 (wfb::exports ireland commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 54554 (wfb::exports ireland commodities data_processing_equipment n/a );; line 54554 (wfb::exports ireland commodities industrial_machinery n/a );; line 54554 (wfb::exports ireland commodities live_animals n/a );; line 54554 (wfb::exports ireland commodities animal_products n/a );; line 54554 (wfb::comment exports ireland "UK 32%, Germany 13%, France 10%" );; line 54557 (wfb::exports ireland partners eu (* 75 %) );; line 54557 (wfb::exports ireland partners us (* 9 %) );; line 54557 (wfb::imports ireland (* 26e9 $) );; line 54561 (wfb::imports ireland commodities food n/a );; line 54563 (wfb::imports ireland commodities animal_feed n/a );; line 54563 (wfb::imports ireland commodities data_processing_equipment n/a );; line 54563 (wfb::imports ireland commodities petroleum_and_petroleum_products n/a );; line 54563 (wfb::imports ireland commodities machinery n/a );; line 54563 (wfb::imports ireland commodities textiles-commodity n/a );; line 54563 (wfb::imports ireland commodities clothing-commodity n/a );; line 54563 (wfb::comment imports ireland "UK 41%, Germany 8%, France 4%" );; line 54566 (wfb::imports ireland partners eu (* 66 %) );; line 54566 (wfb::imports ireland partners us (* 15 %) );; line 54566 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt ireland date_1994 );; line 54570 (wfb::external_debt ireland (* 20e9 $) );; line 54570 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 54574 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production ireland date_1994 );; line 54574 (wfb::industrial_production ireland growth_rate (* 8.5 %) );; line 54574 (wfb::industrial_production ireland accounts_for (* 37 %_of_gdp) );; line 54574 (wfb::electricity ireland capacity (* 3930000 kw) );; line 54579 (wfb::electricity ireland production (* 14.9e9 kwh) );; line 54581 (wfb::measurement-date electricity ireland consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 54583 (wfb::electricity ireland consumption_per_capita (* 3938 kwh) );; line 54583 (wfb::industry ireland food_products-industry );; line 54587 (wfb::industry ireland brewing );; line 54587 (wfb::industry ireland textiles );; line 54587 (wfb::industry ireland clothing );; line 54587 (wfb::industry ireland chemicals );; line 54587 (wfb::industry ireland pharmaceuticals-industry );; line 54587 (wfb::industry ireland machinery-industry );; line 54587 (wfb::industry ireland transportation_equipment-industry );; line 54587 (wfb::industry ireland glass );; line 54587 (wfb::industry ireland crystal );; line 54587 (wfb::agriculture ireland "accounts for 10% of GDP; principal crops - turnips, barley, potatoes, sugar beets, wheat; livestock - meat and dairy products; 85% self-sufficient in food; food shortages include bread grain, fruits, vegetables" );; line 54592 (wfb::illicit_drugs ireland "transshipment point for hashish from North Africa to the UK and Netherlands" );; line 54598 (wfb::economic_aid ireland donor "ODA commitments (1980-89), $90 million" );; line 54604 (wfb::abbreviation irish_pound "#Ir" );; line 54608 (wfb::currency ireland irish_pound 100 pence );; line 54608 (wfb::exchange_rates ireland "Irish pounds (#Ir) per US$1 - 0.6420 (January 1995), 0.6676 (1994), 0.6816 (1993), 0.5864 (1992), 0.6190 (1991), 0.6030 (1990)" );; line 54612 (wfb::fiscal_year ireland date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 54617 (wfb::railroads ireland total "1,947 km" );; line 54623 (wfb::railroads ireland broad_gauge "1,947 km 1.600-m gauge (36 km electrified; 485 km double track)" );; line 54625 (wfb::highways ireland total (* 92327 km) );; line 54630 (wfb::comment highways ireland paved "32 km of expressways" );; line 54632 (wfb::measurement-date highways ireland date_1992 );; line 54634 (wfb::highways ireland (union gravel crushed_stone ) (* 5540 km) );; line 54634 (wfb::inland_waterways ireland "limited for commercial traffic" );; line 54638 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 225 km) );; line 54642 (wfb::port ireland arklow-ireland );; line 54646 (wfb::port ireland cork-ireland );; line 54646 (wfb::port ireland drogheda-ireland );; line 54646 (wfb::port ireland dublin-ireland );; line 54646 (wfb::port ireland foynes-ireland );; line 54646 (wfb::port ireland galway-ireland );; line 54646 (wfb::port ireland limerick-ireland );; line 54646 (wfb::port ireland new_ross-ireland );; line 54646 (wfb::port ireland waterford-ireland );; line 54646 (wfb::merchant_marine ireland total "47 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 129,996 GRT/160,419 DWT" );; line 54652 (wfb::merchant_marine ireland ships_by_type "bulk 4, cargo 33, chemical tanker 2, container 2, oil tanker 1, short-sea passenger 3, specialized tanker 2" );; line 54654 (wfb::airports ireland total 44 );; line 54660 (wfb::airports ireland |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 54662 (wfb::airports ireland |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 54664 (wfb::airports ireland |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 4 );; line 54666 (wfb::airports ireland |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 2 );; line 54668 (wfb::airports ireland with_paved_runways_under_914_m 32 );; line 54670 (wfb::airports ireland |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 4 );; line 54672 (wfb::telephone_system ireland "900,000 telephones; modern digital system using cable and microwave radio relay" );; line 54677 (wfb::telephone_system ireland local "NA" );; line 54680 (wfb::telephone_system ireland intercity "microwave radio relay" );; line 54682 (wfb::telephone_system ireland international "1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station" );; line 54684 (wfb::radio ireland broadcast_stations am 9 );; line 54689 (wfb::radio ireland broadcast_stations fm 45 );; line 54689 (wfb::radio ireland broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 54689 (wfb::radio ireland radios n/a );; line 54691 (wfb::television ireland broadcast_stations 86 );; line 54696 (wfb::television ireland televisions n/a );; line 54698 (wfb::comment defense_branch ireland army_ireland "includes Naval Service and Air Corps" );; line 54704 (wfb::defense_branch ireland army_ireland );; line 54704 (wfb::comment defense_branch ireland national_police_ireland "Garda Siochana" );; line 54704 (wfb::defense_branch ireland national_police_ireland );; line 54704 (wfb::manpower_availability ireland "males age 15-49 926,831; males fit for military service 749,646; males reach military age (17) annually 34,215 (1995 est.)" );; line 54709 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures ireland date_1994 );; line 54714 (wfb::defense_expenditures ireland (* 500e6 $) );; line 54714 (wfb::defense_expenditures ireland (* 1.3 %_of_gdp) );; line 54714 (wfb::markup-parameter figure israel "graphno=\"is.tif\"" );; line 54720 (wfb::header israel "(also see separate Gaza Strip and West Bank entries) Note: The territories occupied by Israel since the 1967 war are not included in the data below. In keeping with the framework established at the Madrid Conference in October 1991, bilateral negotiations are being conducted between Israel and Palestinian representatives, Syria, and Jordan to determine the final status of the occupied territories. On 25 April 1982, Israel withdrew from the Sinai pursuant to the 1979 Israel-Egypt Peace treaty. Outstanding territorial and other disputes with Jordan were resolved in the 26 October 1994 Israel-Jordan Treaty of Peace." );; line 54720 (wfb::location israel "Middle East, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Egypt and Lebanon" );; line 54732 (wfb::map_references israel "Middle East" );; line 54737 (wfb::area israel total_area (* 20770 sq_km) );; line 54742 (wfb::area israel land_area (* 20330 sq_km) );; line 54744 (wfb::area israel comparative_area "slightly larger than New Jersey" );; line 54746 (wfb::borders israel total (* 1006 km) );; line 54750 (wfb::borders israel egypt (* 255 km) );; line 54750 (wfb::borders israel gaza_strip (* 51 km) );; line 54750 (wfb::borders israel jordan (* 238 km) );; line 54750 (wfb::borders israel lebanon (* 79 km) );; line 54750 (wfb::borders israel syria (* 76 km) );; line 54750 (wfb::borders israel west_bank (* 307 km) );; line 54750 (wfb::coastline israel (* 273 km) );; line 54755 (wfb::maritime_claims israel territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 54762 (wfb::international_disputes israel "separated from Lebanon, Syria, and the West Bank by the 1949 Armistice Line" );; line 54766 (wfb::international_disputes israel "the Gaza Strip and Jericho area, formerly occupied by Israel, are now administered largely by the Palestinian Authority" );; line 54766 (wfb::international_disputes israel "other areas of the West Bank outside Jericho are administered jointly by Israel and the Palestinian Authority" );; line 54766 (wfb::international_disputes israel "Golan Heights is Israeli occupied" );; line 54766 (wfb::international_disputes israel "Israeli troops in southern Lebanon since June 1982" );; line 54766 (wfb::climate israel "temperate" );; line 54775 (wfb::climate israel "hot and dry in southern and eastern desert areas" );; line 54775 (wfb::terrain israel "Negev desert in the south" );; line 54779 (wfb::terrain israel "low coastal plain" );; line 54779 (wfb::terrain israel "central mountains" );; line 54779 (wfb::terrain israel "Jordan Rift Valley" );; line 54779 (wfb::natural-resource israel copper );; line 54784 (wfb::natural-resource israel phosphates );; line 54784 (wfb::natural-resource israel bromide );; line 54784 (wfb::natural-resource israel potash );; line 54784 (wfb::natural-resource israel clay );; line 54784 (wfb::natural-resource israel sand-natural-resource );; line 54784 (wfb::natural-resource israel sulfur );; line 54784 (wfb::natural-resource israel asphalt-natural-resource );; line 54784 (wfb::natural-resource israel manganese );; line 54784 (wfb::natural-resource israel small_amounts_of_natural_gas_and_crude_oil );; line 54784 (wfb::land_use israel arable_land (* 17 %) );; line 54790 (wfb::land_use israel permanent_crops (* 5 %) );; line 54792 (wfb::land_use israel meadows_and_pastures (* 40 %) );; line 54794 (wfb::land_use israel forest_and_woodland (* 6 %) );; line 54796 (wfb::land_use israel other (* 32 %) );; line 54798 (wfb::measurement-date irrigated_land israel date_1989 );; line 54802 (wfb::irrigated_land israel (* 2140 sq_km) );; line 54802 (wfb::environment israel current_issues "limited arable land and natural fresh water resources pose serious constraints" );; line 54807 (wfb::environment israel current_issues "desertification" );; line 54807 (wfb::environment israel current_issues "air pollution from industrial and vehicle emissions" );; line 54807 (wfb::environment israel current_issues "groundwater pollution from industrial and domestic waste, chemical fertilizers, and pesticides" );; line 54807 (wfb::environment israel natural_hazards "sandstorms may occur during spring and summer" );; line 54812 (wfb::environment israel international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution" );; line 54814 (wfb::environment israel international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Climate Change, Desertification, Marine Life Conservation" );; line 54814 (wfb::note israel "there are 199 Jewish settlements and civilian land use sites in the West Bank, 42 in the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights, 24 in the Gaza Strip, and 25 in East Jerusalem (August 1994 est.)" );; line 54820 (wfb::estimation-date population israel date_jul_1995 );; line 54828 (wfb::population israel 5433134 );; line 54828 (wfb::comment population israel "includes 122,000 Jewish settlers in the West Bank, 14,500 in the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights, 4,800 in the Gaza Strip, and 149,000 in East Jerusalem (August 1994 est.)" );; line 54830 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate israel date_1995 );; line 54845 (wfb::population_growth_rate israel (* 1.4 %) );; line 54845 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate israel date_1995 );; line 54849 (wfb::birth_rate israel (* 20.39 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 54849 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate israel date_1995 );; line 54853 (wfb::death_rate israel (* 6.38 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 54853 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate israel date_1995 );; line 54857 (wfb::net_migration_rate israel (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 54857 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate israel date_1995 );; line 54861 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate israel (* 8.4 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 54861 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth israel total_population (* 78.14 years) );; line 54866 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth israel male (* 76 years) );; line 54868 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth israel female date_1995 );; line 54870 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth israel female (* 80.39 years) );; line 54870 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate israel date_1995 );; line 54874 (wfb::total_fertility_rate israel (* 2.81 children_born/woman) );; line 54874 (wfb::nationality israel noun "Israeli(s)" );; line 54879 (wfb::nationality israel adjective "Israeli" );; line 54881 (wfb::estimation-date ethnic-entity date_1993 );; line 54885 (wfb::comment ethnic_divisions israel "mostly Arab" );; line 54885 (wfb::comment ethnic-entity "Israel born 50%, Europe/Americas/Oceania born 20%, Africa born 7%, Asia born 5%" );; line 54885 (wfb::ethnic-entity israel jewish-ethnic-entity (* 82 %) );; line 54885 (wfb::ethnic-entity israel non-jewish (* 18 %) );; line 54885 (wfb::religion israel judaism (* 82 %) );; line 54890 (wfb::comment religion "mostly Sunni Muslim" );; line 54890 (wfb::religion israel islam (* 14 %) );; line 54890 (wfb::religion israel christian (* 2 %) );; line 54890 (wfb::religion israel druze_and_other (* 2 %) );; line 54890 (wfb::language israel hebrew n/a );; line 54895 (wfb::comment language israel hebrew "official" );; line 54895 (wfb::language israel arabic_used_officially_for_arab_minority n/a );; line 54895 (wfb::language israel english_most_commonly_used_foreign_language n/a );; line 54895 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition israel date_1992 );; line 54900 (wfb::literacy-condition israel "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 54900 (wfb::literacy israel total_population (* 95 %) );; line 54902 (wfb::literacy israel male (* 97 %) );; line 54904 (wfb::literacy israel female (* 93 %) );; line 54906 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force israel date_1992 );; line 54910 (wfb::total_labor_force israel 1.9e6 );; line 54910 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force israel by_occupation date_1992 );; line 54912 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1992 );; line 54912 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation israel public_services (* 29.3 %) );; line 54912 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation israel industry (* 22.1 %) );; line 54912 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation israel commerce (* 13.9 %) );; line 54912 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation israel finance_and_business (* 10.4 %) );; line 54912 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation israel personal_and_other_services (* 7.4 %) );; line 54912 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation israel construction (* 6.5 %) );; line 54912 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation israel transport n/a );; line 54912 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation israel storage n/a );; line 54912 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation israel communications (* 6.3 %) );; line 54912 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation israel agriculture n/a );; line 54912 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation israel forestry n/a );; line 54912 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation israel fishing-occupation-type (* 3.5 %) );; line 54912 (wfb::names israel conventional_long_form "State of Israel" );; line 54921 (wfb::names israel conventional_short_form "Israel" );; line 54923 (wfb::names israel local_long_form "Medinat Yisra'el" );; line 54925 (wfb::names israel local_short_form "Yisra'el" );; line 54927 (wfb::digraph israel "IS" );; line 54931 (wfb::type israel "republic" );; line 54935 (wfb::capital israel jerusalem-israel );; line 54939 (wfb::comment capital israel "Israel proclaimed Jerusalem its capital in 1950, but the US, like nearly all other countries, does not recognize this status, and maintains its Embassy in Tel Aviv" );; line 54941 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_israel_districts "districts" "mehozot" "mehoz" );; line 54947 (wfb::administrative_divisions israel adm_div_israel_districts 6 );; line 54947 (wfb::administrative_division_of israel adm_div_israel_districts "Central" );; line 54947 (wfb::administrative_division_of israel adm_div_israel_districts "Haifa" );; line 54947 (wfb::administrative_division_of israel adm_div_israel_districts "Jerusalem" );; line 54947 (wfb::administrative_division_of israel adm_div_israel_districts "Northern" );; line 54947 (wfb::administrative_division_of israel adm_div_israel_districts "Southern" );; line 54947 (wfb::administrative_division_of israel adm_div_israel_districts "Tel Aviv" );; line 54947 (wfb::comment national_holiday israel "Israel declared independence on 14 May 1948, but the Jewish calendar is lunar and the holiday may occur in April or May" );; line 54957 (wfb::national_holiday israel "Independence Day" date_14_may_1948 );; line 54957 (wfb::constitution israel "no formal constitution; some of the functions of a constitution are filled by the Declaration of Establishment (1948), the basic laws of the parliament (Knesset), and the Israeli citizenship law" );; line 54963 (wfb::legal_system israel "mixture of English common law, British Mandate regulations, and, in personal matters, Jewish, Christian, and Muslim legal systems; in December 1985, Israel informed the UN Secretariat that it would no longer accept compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 54969 (wfb::comment suffrage israel " universal" );; line 54976 (wfb::suffrage israel (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 54976 (wfb::comment executive_branch israel chief_of_state "results - Ezer WEIZMAN elected by Knesset" );; line 54981 (wfb::executive_branch israel head_of_government "Prime Minister Yitzhak RABIN " date_jul_1992 );; line 54985 (wfb::comment executive_branch israel cabinet "selected from and approved by the Knesset" );; line 54987 (wfb::executive_branch israel cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 54987 (wfb::legislative_structure israel unicameral n/a );; line 54991 (wfb::legislative_branch israel "parliament (Knesset)" "elections last held NA June 1992 (next to be held by NA 1996); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (120 total) Labor 44, Likud 32, MERETZ 12, Tzomet 8, National Religious Party 6, SHAS 6, United Torah Jewry 4, Democratic Front for Peace and Equality (Hadash) 3, Moledet 3, Arab Democratic Party 2; note - in 1994 four legislators broke party ranks, resulting in the following new distribution of seats - Labor Party 44, Likud bloc 32, MERETZ 12, National Religious Party 6, SHAS 6, Tzomet 5, United Torah Jewry 4, Democratic Front for Peace and Equality (Hadash) 3, Moledet 2, Arab Democratic Party 2, independents 4 (1 in coalition, 3 voting with opposition)" );; line 54993 (wfb::judicial_branch israel "Supreme Court" );; line 55005 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders israel members_of_the_government "Labor Party, Prime Minister Yitzhak RABIN; MERETZ, Minister of Communications Shulamit ALONI; independent, Gonen SEGEV" );; line 55010 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders israel |not in coalition, but voting with the government| "Democratic Front for Peace and Equality (Hadash), Hashim MAHAMID; Arab Democratic Party, Abd al Wahab DARAWSHAH" );; line 55013 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders israel opposition_parties "Likud Party, Binyamin NETANYAHU; Tzomet, Rafael EITAN; National Religious Party, Zevulun HAMMER; United Torah Jewry, Avraham SHAPIRA; Moledet, Rehavam ZEEVI; Peace Guard (independent), Shaul GUTMAN; SHAS, Arieh DERI" );; line 55016 (wfb::comment political_parties_and_leaders israel "Israel currently has a coalition government comprising 2 parties and an independent that hold 57 seats of the Knesset's 120 seats" );; line 55020 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups israel "Gush Emunim, Israeli nationalists advocating Jewish settlement on the West Bank and Gaza Strip; Peace Now supports territorial concessions in the West Bank and is critical of government's Lebanon policy" );; line 55025 (wfb::member_of israel ag );; line 55031 (wfb::comment member_of israel ag "observer" );; line 55031 (wfb::member_of israel ccc );; line 55031 (wfb::member_of israel ce );; line 55031 (wfb::comment member_of israel ce "observer" );; line 55031 (wfb::member_of israel cern );; line 55031 (wfb::comment member_of israel cern "observer" );; line 55031 (wfb::member_of israel ebrd );; line 55031 (wfb::member_of israel ece );; line 55031 (wfb::member_of israel fao );; line 55031 (wfb::member_of israel gatt );; line 55031 (wfb::member_of israel iadb );; line 55031 (wfb::member_of israel iaea );; line 55031 (wfb::member_of israel ibrd );; line 55031 (wfb::member_of israel icao );; line 55031 (wfb::member_of israel icc );; line 55031 (wfb::member_of israel icftu );; line 55031 (wfb::member_of israel ida );; line 55031 (wfb::member_of israel ifad );; line 55031 (wfb::member_of israel ifc );; line 55031 (wfb::member_of israel ilo );; line 55031 (wfb::member_of israel imf );; line 55031 (wfb::member_of israel imo );; line 55031 (wfb::member_of israel inmarsat );; line 55031 (wfb::member_of israel intelsat );; line 55031 (wfb::member_of israel interpol );; line 55031 (wfb::member_of israel ioc );; line 55031 (wfb::member_of israel iom );; line 55031 (wfb::member_of israel iso );; line 55031 (wfb::member_of israel itu );; line 55031 (wfb::member_of israel oas );; line 55031 (wfb::comment member_of israel oas "observer" );; line 55031 (wfb::member_of israel pca );; line 55031 (wfb::member_of israel un );; line 55031 (wfb::member_of israel unctad );; line 55031 (wfb::member_of israel unesco );; line 55031 (wfb::member_of israel unhcr );; line 55031 (wfb::member_of israel unido );; line 55031 (wfb::member_of israel upu );; line 55031 (wfb::member_of israel who );; line 55031 (wfb::member_of israel wipo );; line 55031 (wfb::member_of israel wmo );; line 55031 (wfb::member_of israel wto );; line 55031 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us israel chief_of_mission "Ambassador Itamar RABINOVICH" );; line 55039 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us israel chancery "3514 International Drive NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 55041 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us israel telephone "[1] (202) 364-5500" );; line 55043 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us israel fax "[1] (202) 364-5610" );; line 55045 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us israel |consulate(s) general| "Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New York, Philadelphia, and San Francisco" );; line 55047 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation israel chief_of_mission "Ambassador Martin INDYK" );; line 55053 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation israel embassy "71 Hayarkon Street, Tel Aviv" );; line 55055 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation israel mailing_address "PSC 98, Box 100, Tel Aviv; APO AE 09830" );; line 55057 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation israel telephone "[972] (3) 517-4338" );; line 55059 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation israel fax "[972] (3) 663-449" );; line 55061 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation israel |consulate(s) general| "Jerusalem" );; line 55063 (wfb::flag israel "white with a blue hexagram (six-pointed linear star) known as the Magen David (Shield of David) centered between two equal horizontal blue bands near the top and bottom edges of the flag" );; line 55067 (wfb::overview israel "Israel has a market economy with substantial government participation. It depends on imports of crude oil, grains, raw materials, and military equipment. Despite limited natural resources, Israel has intensively developed its agricultural and industrial sectors over the past 20 years. Industry employs about 22% of Israeli workers, construction 6.5%, agriculture, forestry, and fishing 3.5%, and services most of the rest. Israel is largely self-sufficient in food production except for grains. Diamonds, high-technology equipment, and agricultural products (fruits and vegetables) are leading exports. Israel usually posts current account deficits, which are covered by large transfer payments from abroad and by foreign loans. Roughly half of the government's external debt is owed to the United States, which is its major source of economic and military aid. To earn needed foreign exchange, Israel has been targeting high-technology niches in international markets, such as medical scanning equipment. The influx of Jewish immigrants from the former USSR, which topped 450,000 during the period 1990-94, increased unemployment, intensified housing problems, and strained the government budget. At the same time, the immigrants bring to the economy valuable scientific and professional expertise." );; line 55074 (wfb::estimation-date national_product israel date_1994 );; line 55095 (wfb::national_product israel (* 70.1e9 $) );; line 55095 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate israel date_1994 );; line 55099 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate israel (* 6.8 %) );; line 55099 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita israel date_1994 );; line 55103 (wfb::national_product_per_capita israel (* 13880 $) );; line 55103 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| israel "14.5% (1994)" );; line 55107 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate israel date_1994 );; line 55111 (wfb::unemployment_rate israel (* 7.5 %) );; line 55111 (wfb::budget israel revenues (* 42.3e9 $) );; line 55116 (wfb::for-fiscal-year budget israel 92 );; line 55118 (wfb::budget israel expenditures (* 45.4e9 $) );; line 55118 (wfb::budget israel capital_expenditures (* 11.1e9 $) );; line 55118 (wfb::exports israel (* 16.2e9 $) );; line 55123 (wfb::exports israel commodities machinery_and_equipment n/a );; line 55125 (wfb::exports israel commodities cut_diamonds n/a );; line 55125 (wfb::exports israel commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 55125 (wfb::exports israel commodities textiles_and_apparel n/a );; line 55125 (wfb::exports israel commodities agricultural_products n/a );; line 55125 (wfb::exports israel commodities metals n/a );; line 55125 (wfb::exports israel partners us n/a );; line 55128 (wfb::exports israel partners eu n/a );; line 55128 (wfb::exports israel partners japan n/a );; line 55128 (wfb::imports israel (* 22.5e9 $) );; line 55132 (wfb::imports israel commodities military_equipment n/a );; line 55134 (wfb::imports israel commodities investment_goods n/a );; line 55134 (wfb::imports israel commodities rough_diamonds n/a );; line 55134 (wfb::imports israel commodities oil-commodity n/a );; line 55134 (wfb::imports israel commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 55134 (wfb::imports israel partners eu n/a );; line 55137 (wfb::imports israel partners us n/a );; line 55137 (wfb::imports israel partners japan n/a );; line 55137 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt israel date_nov_1994 );; line 55141 (wfb::external_debt israel (* 25.9e9 $) );; line 55141 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 55145 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production israel date_1994 );; line 55145 (wfb::industrial_production israel growth_rate (* 8 %) );; line 55145 (wfb::electricity israel capacity (* 4140000 kw) );; line 55150 (wfb::electricity israel production (* 23e9 kwh) );; line 55152 (wfb::measurement-date electricity israel consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 55154 (wfb::electricity israel consumption_per_capita (* 4290 kwh) );; line 55154 (wfb::industry israel food_processing );; line 55158 (wfb::industry israel diamond_cutting_and_polishing );; line 55158 (wfb::industry israel textiles );; line 55158 (wfb::industry israel apparel );; line 55158 (wfb::industry israel chemicals );; line 55158 (wfb::industry israel metal_products );; line 55158 (wfb::industry israel military_equipment-industry );; line 55158 (wfb::industry israel transport_equipment-industry );; line 55158 (wfb::industry israel electrical_equipment-industry );; line 55158 (wfb::industry israel miscellaneous_machinery );; line 55158 (wfb::industry israel potash_mining );; line 55158 (wfb::industry israel high-technology_electronics );; line 55158 (wfb::industry israel tourism );; line 55158 (wfb::agriculture israel "citrus and other fruits, vegetables, cotton; beef, poultry, dairy products" );; line 55165 (wfb::illicit_drugs israel "increasingly concerned about cocaine and heroin abuse and trafficking" );; line 55170 (wfb::economic_aid israel recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-90), $18.2 billion; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $2.8 billion" );; line 55176 (wfb::abbreviation new_israeli_shekel "NIS" );; line 55181 (wfb::currency israel new_israeli_shekel 100 new_agorot );; line 55181 (wfb::exchange_rates israel "new Israeli shekels (NIS) per US$1 - 3.070 (December 1994), 3.0111 (1994), 2.8301 (1993), 2.4591 (1992), 2.2791 (1991), 2.0162 (1990), 1.9164 (1989)" );; line 55185 (wfb::fiscal_year israel date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 55191 (wfb::railroads israel total "520 km (diesel operated; single track)" );; line 55197 (wfb::railroads israel standard_gauge "520 km 1.435-m gauge" );; line 55199 (wfb::highways israel total (* 13461 km) );; line 55204 (wfb::highways israel paved (* 13461 km) );; line 55206 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 708 km) );; line 55210 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 290 km) );; line 55210 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 89 km) );; line 55210 (wfb::port israel ashdod-israel );; line 55214 (wfb::port israel ashqelon-israel );; line 55214 (wfb::port israel elat-israel );; line 55214 (wfb::port israel hadera-israel );; line 55214 (wfb::port israel haifa-israel );; line 55214 (wfb::port israel tel_aviv-yafo-israel );; line 55214 (wfb::merchant_marine israel total "32 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 624,861 GRT/720,765 DWT" );; line 55219 (wfb::merchant_marine israel ships_by_type "cargo 7, container 22, refrigerated cargo 2, roll-on/roll-off cargo 1" );; line 55221 (wfb::airports israel total 57 );; line 55227 (wfb::airports israel |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 2 );; line 55229 (wfb::airports israel |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 6 );; line 55231 (wfb::airports israel |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 8 );; line 55233 (wfb::airports israel |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 7 );; line 55235 (wfb::airports israel with_paved_runways_under_914_m 31 );; line 55237 (wfb::airports israel |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 3 );; line 55239 (wfb::telephone_system israel "1,800,000 telephones; most highly developed in the Middle East although not the largest" );; line 55244 (wfb::telephone_system israel local "NA" );; line 55247 (wfb::telephone_system israel intercity "good system of coaxial cable and microwave radio relay" );; line 55249 (wfb::telephone_system israel international "3 submarine cables; 3 INTELSAT (2 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) earth stations" );; line 55251 (wfb::radio israel broadcast_stations am 9 );; line 55257 (wfb::radio israel broadcast_stations fm 45 );; line 55257 (wfb::radio israel broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 55257 (wfb::radio israel radios n/a );; line 55259 (wfb::television israel broadcast_stations 20 );; line 55264 (wfb::television israel televisions n/a );; line 55266 (wfb::comment defense_branch israel israel_defense_forces_israel "includes ground, naval, and air components" );; line 55272 (wfb::defense_branch israel israel_defense_forces_israel );; line 55272 (wfb::comment defense_branch israel pioneer_fighting_youth_israel "Nahal" );; line 55272 (wfb::defense_branch israel pioneer_fighting_youth_israel );; line 55272 (wfb::defense_branch israel frontier_guard_israel );; line 55272 (wfb::comment defense_branch israel chen_israel "women" );; line 55272 (wfb::defense_branch israel chen_israel );; line 55272 (wfb::manpower_availability israel "males age 15-49 1,309,502; females age 15-49 1,283,923; males fit for military service 1,072,501; females fit for military service 1,047,575; males reach military age (18) annually 47,950; females reach military age (18) annually 45,839 (1995 est.)" );; line 55278 (wfb::comment manpower_availability israel "military service mandatory for men and women" );; line 55283 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures israel date_1995 );; line 55287 (wfb::defense_expenditures israel (* 6.5e9 $) );; line 55287 (wfb::markup-parameter figure italy "graphno=\"it.tif\"" );; line 55293 (wfb::location italy "Southern Europe, a peninsula extending into the central Mediterranean Sea, northeast of Tunisia" );; line 55297 (wfb::map_references italy "Europe" );; line 55302 (wfb::area italy total_area (* 301230 sq_km) );; line 55307 (wfb::area italy land_area (* 294020 sq_km) );; line 55309 (wfb::area italy comparative_area "slightly larger than Arizona" );; line 55311 (wfb::comment area italy "includes Sardinia and Sicily" );; line 55313 (wfb::borders italy total (* 1899.2 km) );; line 55317 (wfb::borders italy austria (* 430 km) );; line 55317 (wfb::borders italy france (* 488 km) );; line 55317 (wfb::borders italy |Holy See (Vatican City)| (* 3.2 km) );; line 55317 (wfb::borders italy san_marino (* 39 km) );; line 55317 (wfb::borders italy slovenia (* 199 km) );; line 55317 (wfb::borders italy switzerland (* 740 km) );; line 55317 (wfb::coastline italy (* 4996 km) );; line 55322 (wfb::maritime_claims italy territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 55329 (wfb::international_disputes italy "none" );; line 55333 (wfb::climate italy "predominantly Mediterranean" );; line 55337 (wfb::climate italy "Alpine in far north" );; line 55337 (wfb::climate italy "hot, dry in south" );; line 55337 (wfb::terrain italy "mostly rugged and mountainous" );; line 55342 (wfb::terrain italy "some plains, coastal lowlands" );; line 55342 (wfb::natural-resource italy mercury );; line 55346 (wfb::natural-resource italy potash );; line 55346 (wfb::natural-resource italy marble );; line 55346 (wfb::natural-resource italy sulfur );; line 55346 (wfb::natural-resource italy dwindling_natural_gas_and_crude_oil_reserves );; line 55346 (wfb::natural-resource italy fish );; line 55346 (wfb::natural-resource italy coal );; line 55346 (wfb::land_use italy arable_land (* 32 %) );; line 55352 (wfb::land_use italy permanent_crops (* 10 %) );; line 55354 (wfb::land_use italy meadows_and_pastures (* 17 %) );; line 55356 (wfb::land_use italy forest_and_woodland (* 22 %) );; line 55358 (wfb::land_use italy other (* 19 %) );; line 55360 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land italy date_1989 );; line 55364 (wfb::irrigated_land italy (* 31000 sq_km) );; line 55364 (wfb::environment italy current_issues "air pollution from industrial emissions such as sulfur dioxide" );; line 55369 (wfb::environment italy current_issues "coastal and inland rivers polluted from industrial and agricultural effluents" );; line 55369 (wfb::environment italy current_issues "acid rain damaging lakes" );; line 55369 (wfb::environment italy current_issues "inadequate industrial waste treatment and disposal facilities" );; line 55369 (wfb::environment italy natural_hazards "regional risks include landslides, mudflows, avalanches, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, flooding" );; line 55374 (wfb::environment italy natural_hazards "land subsidence in Venice" );; line 55374 (wfb::environment italy international_agreements "party to - Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands" );; line 55377 (wfb::environment italy international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Desertification" );; line 55377 (wfb::note italy "strategic location dominating central Mediterranean as well as southern sea and air approaches to Western Europe" );; line 55386 (wfb::estimation-date population italy date_jul_1995 );; line 55393 (wfb::population italy 58261971 );; line 55393 (wfb::age_structure italy 0-14_years (* 15 %) );; line 55398 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex italy 0-14_years female 4352325 );; line 55398 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex italy 0-14_years male 4603083 );; line 55398 (wfb::age_structure italy 15-64_years (* 68 %) );; line 55400 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex italy 15-64_years female 19969086 );; line 55400 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex italy 15-64_years male 19874528 );; line 55400 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure italy 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 55402 (wfb::age_structure italy 65_years_and_over (* 17 %) );; line 55402 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex italy 65_years_and_over female 5630747 );; line 55402 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex italy 65_years_and_over male 3832202 );; line 55402 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate italy date_1995 );; line 55406 (wfb::population_growth_rate italy (* 0.21 %) );; line 55406 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate italy date_1995 );; line 55410 (wfb::birth_rate italy (* 10.89 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 55410 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate italy date_1995 );; line 55414 (wfb::death_rate italy (* 9.78 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 55414 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate italy date_1995 );; line 55418 (wfb::net_migration_rate italy (* 1.03 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 55418 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate italy date_1995 );; line 55422 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate italy (* 7.4 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 55422 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth italy total_population (* 77.85 years) );; line 55427 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth italy male (* 74.67 years) );; line 55429 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth italy female date_1995 );; line 55431 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth italy female (* 81.23 years) );; line 55431 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate italy date_1995 );; line 55435 (wfb::total_fertility_rate italy (* 1.41 children_born/woman) );; line 55435 (wfb::nationality italy noun "Italian(s)" );; line 55440 (wfb::nationality italy adjective "Italian" );; line 55442 (wfb::ethnic-entity italy italian-ethnic-entity n/a );; line 55446 (wfb::ethnic-entity italy sicilians n/a );; line 55446 (wfb::ethnic-entity italy sardinians n/a );; line 55446 (wfb::religion italy roman_catholic (* 98 %) );; line 55452 (wfb::language italy italian n/a );; line 55456 (wfb::language italy german n/a );; line 55456 (wfb::comment language italy german "parts of Trentino-Alto Adige region are predominantly German speaking" );; line 55456 (wfb::language italy french n/a );; line 55456 (wfb::comment language italy french "small French-speaking minority in Valle d'Aosta region" );; line 55456 (wfb::language italy slovene-language-group n/a );; line 55456 (wfb::comment language italy slovene-language-group "Slovene-speaking minority in the Trieste-Gorizia area" );; line 55456 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition italy date_1990 );; line 55463 (wfb::literacy-condition italy "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 55463 (wfb::literacy italy total_population (* 97 %) );; line 55465 (wfb::literacy italy male (* 98 %) );; line 55467 (wfb::literacy italy female (* 96 %) );; line 55469 (wfb::total_labor_force italy 23.988e6 );; line 55473 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force italy by_occupation date_1988 );; line 55475 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1988 );; line 55475 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation italy services (* 58 %) );; line 55475 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation italy industry (* 32.2 %) );; line 55475 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation italy agriculture (* 9.8 %) );; line 55475 (wfb::names italy conventional_long_form "Italian Republic" );; line 55481 (wfb::names italy conventional_short_form "Italy" );; line 55483 (wfb::names italy local_long_form "Repubblica Italiana" );; line 55485 (wfb::names italy local_short_form "Italia" );; line 55487 (wfb::names italy former "Kingdom of Italy" );; line 55489 (wfb::digraph italy "IT" );; line 55493 (wfb::type italy "republic" );; line 55497 (wfb::capital italy rome-italy );; line 55501 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_italy_regions "regions" "regioni" "regione" );; line 55505 (wfb::administrative_divisions italy adm_div_italy_regions 20 );; line 55505 (wfb::administrative_division_of italy adm_div_italy_regions "Abruzzi" );; line 55505 (wfb::administrative_division_of italy adm_div_italy_regions "Basilicata" );; line 55505 (wfb::administrative_division_of italy adm_div_italy_regions "Calabria" );; line 55505 (wfb::administrative_division_of italy adm_div_italy_regions "Campania" );; line 55505 (wfb::administrative_division_of italy adm_div_italy_regions "Emilia-Romagna" );; line 55505 (wfb::administrative_division_of italy adm_div_italy_regions "Friuli-Venezia Giulia" );; line 55505 (wfb::administrative_division_of italy adm_div_italy_regions "Lazio" );; line 55505 (wfb::administrative_division_of italy adm_div_italy_regions "Liguria" );; line 55505 (wfb::administrative_division_of italy adm_div_italy_regions "Lombardia" );; line 55505 (wfb::administrative_division_of italy adm_div_italy_regions "Marche" );; line 55505 (wfb::administrative_division_of italy adm_div_italy_regions "Molise" );; line 55505 (wfb::administrative_division_of italy adm_div_italy_regions "Piemonte" );; line 55505 (wfb::administrative_division_of italy adm_div_italy_regions "Puglia" );; line 55505 (wfb::administrative_division_of italy adm_div_italy_regions "Sardegna" );; line 55505 (wfb::administrative_division_of italy adm_div_italy_regions "Sicilia" );; line 55505 (wfb::administrative_division_of italy adm_div_italy_regions "Toscana" );; line 55505 (wfb::administrative_division_of italy adm_div_italy_regions "Trentino-Alto Adige" );; line 55505 (wfb::administrative_division_of italy adm_div_italy_regions "Umbria" );; line 55505 (wfb::administrative_division_of italy adm_div_italy_regions "Valle d'Aosta" );; line 55505 (wfb::administrative_division_of italy adm_div_italy_regions "Veneto" );; line 55505 (wfb::comment independence italy "Kingdom of Italy proclaimed" );; line 55512 (wfb::independence italy date_17_mar_1861 "n/a" );; line 55512 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1946 );; line 55516 (wfb::comment national_holiday italy "1946" );; line 55516 (wfb::national_holiday italy "Anniversary of the Republic" date_2_jun );; line 55516 (wfb::constitution italy "1 January 1948" );; line 55520 (wfb::legal_system italy "based on civil law system, with ecclesiastical law influence; appeals treated as trials de novo; judicial review under certain conditions in Constitutional Court; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 55524 (wfb::comment suffrage italy " universal (except in senatorial elections, where minimum age is 25)" );; line 55530 (wfb::suffrage italy (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 55530 (wfb::executive_branch italy chief_of_state "President Oscar Luigi SCALFARO " date_28_may_1992 );; line 55536 (wfb::executive_branch italy head_of_government "Prime Minister (referred to in Italy as the President of the Council of Ministers) Lamberto DINI " date_1_feb_1995 );; line 55538 (wfb::comment executive_branch italy cabinet "nominated by the President of the Council (i.e., Prime Minister) and approved by the President of the Republic" );; line 55541 (wfb::executive_branch italy cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 55541 (wfb::legislative_structure italy bicameral "Parliament (Parlamento)" );; line 55546 (wfb::legislative_branch italy "Senate (Senato della Repubblica)" "elections last held 27-28 March 1994 (next must be held by spring 1999, but may be held by end of 1995); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (326 total, 315 elected, 11 appointed senators-for-life) PDS 61, Northern League 60, National Alliance 48, Forza Italia 36, Italian Popular Party 31, Communist Refoundation 18, Greens and The Network 13, Italian Socialists 13, Christian Democratic Center 12, Democratic Alliance 8, Christian Socialists 5, Pact for Italy 4, Radical Party (Pannella List) 1, others 5" );; line 55548 (wfb::legislative_branch italy "Chamber of Deputies (Camera dei Deputati)" "elections last held 27-28 March 1994 (next must be held by spring 1999, but may be held by end of 1995); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (630 total) Northern League 117, PDS 114, Forza Italia 113, National Alliance 109, Communist Refoundation 39, Christian Democratic Center 33, Italian Popular Party 33, Greens and The Network 20, Democratic Alliance 18, Italian Socialists 16, Pact for Italy 13, Christian Socialists 5" );; line 55556 (wfb::judicial_branch italy "Constitutional Court (Corte Costituzionale)" );; line 55565 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders italy "Forza Italia (FI), Silvio BERLUSCONI; National Alliance, Gianfranco FINI, party secretary; Northern League - Federal Italy (NL), Umberto BOSSI, president; Italian Social Movement, Pino RAUTI; Democratic Party of the Left (PDS, Massimo D'ALEMA, secretary; Communist Refoundation (RC), Fausto BERTINOTTI; Greens, Gianni MATTIOLI; Italian Socialists, Ottaviano DELTURCO; Rete (The Network), Leoluca ORLANDO; Christian Socialists, Ermanno GORRIERI; Pact for Italy, Mario SEGNI; Italian Popular Party (PPI), Rocco BUTTIGLIONE, Gerardo BIANCO; Christian Democratic Center (CCD), Pier Ferdinando CASINI; Union of the Democratic Center (UDC), Raffaele COSTA; Pannella List, Marco PANNELLA" );; line 55569 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups italy "the Roman Catholic Church; three major trade union confederations (Confederazione Generale Italiana del Lavoro or CGIL which is PDS-dominated, Confederazione Italiana dei Sindacati Lavoratori or CISL which is centerist, and Unione Italiana del Lavoro or UIL which is center-left); Italian manufacturers and merchants associations (Confindustria, Confcommercio); organized farm groups (Confcoltivatori, Confagricoltura)" );; line 55582 (wfb::member_of italy afdb );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy ag );; line 55591 (wfb::comment member_of italy ag "observer" );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy asdb );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy australia_group );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy bis );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy ccc );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy cdb );; line 55591 (wfb::comment member_of italy cdb "non-regional" );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy ce );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy cei );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy cern );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy ebrd );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy ec-international-organization );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy ece );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy eclac );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy eib );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy esa );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy fao );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy g-_7 );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy g-10 );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy gatt );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy iadb );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy iaea );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy ibrd );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy icao );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy icc );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy icftu );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy icrm );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy ida );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy iea );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy ifad );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy ifc );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy ifrcs );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy ilo );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy imf );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy imo );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy inmarsat );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy intelsat );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy interpol );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy ioc );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy iom );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy iso );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy itu );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy laia );; line 55591 (wfb::comment member_of italy laia "observer" );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy minurso );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy mtcr );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy nacc );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy nato );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy nea );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy nsg );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy oas );; line 55591 (wfb::comment member_of italy oas "observer" );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy oecd );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy onusal );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy osce );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy pca );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy un );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy unctad );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy unesco );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy unhcr );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy unido );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy unifil );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy unikom );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy unitar );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy unmogip );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy unomoz );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy untso );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy upu );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy wcl );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy weu );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy who );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy wipo );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy wmo );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy wto );; line 55591 (wfb::member_of italy zc );; line 55591 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us italy chief_of_mission "Ambassador Boris BIANCHERI-CHIAPPORI" );; line 55602 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us italy chancery "1601 Fuller Street NW, Washington, DC 20009" );; line 55604 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us italy telephone "[1] (202) 328-5500" );; line 55606 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us italy |consulate(s) general| "Boston, Chicago, Houston, Miami, New York, Los Angeles, Philadelphia, San Francisco" );; line 55608 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us italy |consulate(s)| "Detroit and New Orleans" );; line 55611 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation italy chief_of_mission "Ambassador Reginald BARTHOLOMEW" );; line 55616 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation italy embassy "Via Veneto 119/A, 00187-Rome" );; line 55618 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation italy mailing_address "PSC 59, Box 100, Rome; APO AE 09624" );; line 55620 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation italy telephone "[39] (6) 46741" );; line 55622 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation italy fax "[39] (6) 4882672" );; line 55624 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation italy |consulate(s) general| "Florence, Milan, Naples" );; line 55626 (wfb::flag italy "three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and red; similar to the flag of Ireland, which is longer and is green (hoist side), white, and orange; also similar to the flag of the Cote d'Ivoire, which has the colors reversed - orange (hoist side), white, and green" );; line 55630 (wfb::overview italy "Since World War II the Italian economy has changed from one based on agriculture into a ranking industrial economy, with approximately the same total and per capita output as France and the UK. The country is still divided into a developed industrial north, dominated by private companies, and an undeveloped agricultural south, dominated by large public enterprises. Services account for 48% of GDP, industry 35%, agriculture 4%, and public administration 13%. Most raw materials needed by industry and over 75% of energy requirements must be imported. After growing at an average annual rate of 3% in 1983-90, growth slowed to about 1% in 1991 and 1992, fell by 0.7% in 1993, and recovered to 2% in 1994. In the second half of 1992, Rome became unsettled by the prospect of not qualifying to participate in EU plans for economic and monetary union later in the decade; thus it finally began to address its huge fiscal imbalances. Subsequently, the government has adopted fairly stringent budgets, abandoned its highly inflationary wage indexation system, and started to scale back its extremely generous social welfare programs, including pension and health care benefits. Monetary officials were forced to withdraw the lira from the European monetary system in September 1992 when it came under extreme pressure in currency markets. For the 1990s, Italy faces the problems of pushing ahead with fiscal reform, refurbishing a tottering communications system, curbing pollution in major industrial centers, and adjusting to the new competitive forces accompanying the ongoing expansion and economic integration of the European Union." );; line 55638 (wfb::estimation-date national_product italy date_1994 );; line 55663 (wfb::national_product italy (* 998.9e9 $) );; line 55663 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate italy date_1994 );; line 55667 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate italy (* 2.2 %) );; line 55667 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita italy date_1994 );; line 55671 (wfb::national_product_per_capita italy (* 17180 $) );; line 55671 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| italy "3.9% (1994)" );; line 55675 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate italy date_jan_1995 );; line 55679 (wfb::unemployment_rate italy (* 12.2 %) );; line 55679 (wfb::budget italy revenues (* 339e9 $) );; line 55684 (wfb::estimation-date budget italy date_1994 );; line 55686 (wfb::budget italy expenditures (* 431e9 $) );; line 55686 (wfb::budget italy capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 55686 (wfb::exports italy (* 190.8e9 $) );; line 55690 (wfb::exports italy commodities metals n/a );; line 55692 (wfb::exports italy commodities textiles_and_clothing n/a );; line 55692 (wfb::exports italy commodities production_machinery n/a );; line 55692 (wfb::exports italy commodities motor_vehicles-commodity n/a );; line 55692 (wfb::exports italy commodities transportation_equipment n/a );; line 55692 (wfb::exports italy commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 55692 (wfb::measurement-date exports italy date_1994 );; line 55695 (wfb::exports italy partners eu (* 53.4 %) );; line 55695 (wfb::exports italy partners us (* 7.8 %) );; line 55695 (wfb::exports italy partners opec-georef (* 3.8 %) );; line 55695 (wfb::imports italy (* 168.7e9 $) );; line 55699 (wfb::imports italy commodities industrial_machinery n/a );; line 55701 (wfb::imports italy commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 55701 (wfb::imports italy commodities transport_equipment n/a );; line 55701 (wfb::imports italy commodities petroleum-commodity n/a );; line 55701 (wfb::imports italy commodities metals n/a );; line 55701 (wfb::imports italy commodities food n/a );; line 55701 (wfb::imports italy commodities agricultural_products n/a );; line 55701 (wfb::measurement-date imports italy date_1994 );; line 55704 (wfb::imports italy partners eu (* 56.3 %) );; line 55704 (wfb::imports italy partners opec-georef (* 5.3 %) );; line 55704 (wfb::imports italy partners us (* 4.6 %) );; line 55704 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt italy date_1993 );; line 55708 (wfb::external_debt italy (* 67e9 $) );; line 55708 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 55712 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production italy date_1994 );; line 55712 (wfb::industrial_production italy growth_rate (* 4.3 %) );; line 55712 (wfb::industrial_production italy accounts_for (* 35 %_of_gdp) );; line 55712 (wfb::electricity italy capacity (* 61630000 kw) );; line 55717 (wfb::electricity italy production (* 209e9 kwh) );; line 55719 (wfb::measurement-date electricity italy consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 55721 (wfb::electricity italy consumption_per_capita (* 4033 kwh) );; line 55721 (wfb::industry italy machinery-industry );; line 55725 (wfb::industry italy iron );; line 55725 (wfb::industry italy steel );; line 55725 (wfb::industry italy chemicals );; line 55725 (wfb::industry italy food_processing );; line 55725 (wfb::industry italy textiles );; line 55725 (wfb::industry italy motor_vehicles );; line 55725 (wfb::industry italy clothing );; line 55725 (wfb::industry italy footwear-industry );; line 55725 (wfb::industry italy ceramics );; line 55725 (wfb::agriculture italy "accounts for about 4% of GDP; self-sufficient in foods other than meat, dairy products, and cereals; principal crops - fruits, vegetables, grapes, potatoes, sugar beets, soybeans, grain, olives; fish catch of 525,000 metric tons in 1990" );; line 55730 (wfb::illicit_drugs italy "important gateway country for Latin American cocaine and Southwest Asian heroin entering the European market" );; line 55737 (wfb::economic_aid italy donor "ODA and OOF commitments (1970-89), $25.9 billion" );; line 55743 (wfb::abbreviation italian_lira "Lit" );; line 55747 (wfb::currency italy italian_lira 100 centesimi );; line 55747 (wfb::exchange_rates italy "Italian lire (Lit) per US$1 - 1,609.5 (January 1995), 1,612.4 (1994), 1,573.7 (1993), 1,232.4 (1992), 1,240.6 (1991), 1,198.1 (1990)" );; line 55751 (wfb::fiscal_year italy date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 55756 (wfb::railroads italy total "19,503 km" );; line 55762 (wfb::railroads italy standard_gauge "18,230 km 1.435-m gauge (10,499 km electrified; 2,112 km privately owned)" );; line 55764 (wfb::railroads italy narrow_gauge "1,273 km 0.950-m to 1.000-m gauge (224 km electrified; 1,273 km privately owned)" );; line 55767 (wfb::highways italy total (* 305388 km) );; line 55773 (wfb::comment highways italy paved "6,940 km of expressways" );; line 55775 (wfb::measurement-date highways italy date_1992 );; line 55777 (wfb::highways italy (union gravel crushed_stone ) (* 23000 km) );; line 55777 (wfb::highways italy earth (* 5000 km) );; line 55777 (wfb::inland_waterways italy "2,400 km for various types of commercial traffic, although of limited overall value" );; line 55781 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 1703 km) );; line 55786 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 2148 km) );; line 55786 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 19400 km) );; line 55786 (wfb::port italy ancona-italy );; line 55791 (wfb::port italy augusta-italy );; line 55791 (wfb::port italy bari-italy );; line 55791 (wfb::port italy cagliari-italy );; line 55791 (wfb::comment port italy cagliari-italy "Sardinia" );; line 55791 (wfb::port italy catania-italy );; line 55791 (wfb::port italy gaeta-italy );; line 55791 (wfb::port italy genoa-italy );; line 55791 (wfb::port italy la_spezia-italy );; line 55791 (wfb::port italy livorno-italy );; line 55791 (wfb::port italy naples-italy );; line 55791 (wfb::port italy oristano-italy );; line 55791 (wfb::comment port italy oristano-italy "Sardinia" );; line 55791 (wfb::port italy palermo-italy );; line 55791 (wfb::comment port italy palermo-italy "Sicily" );; line 55791 (wfb::port italy piombino-italy );; line 55791 (wfb::port italy porto_torres-italy );; line 55791 (wfb::comment port italy porto_torres-italy "Sardinia" );; line 55791 (wfb::port italy ravenna-italy );; line 55791 (wfb::port italy savona-italy );; line 55791 (wfb::port italy trieste-italy );; line 55791 (wfb::port italy venice-italy );; line 55791 (wfb::merchant_marine italy total "441 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 5,767,969 GRT/8,547,221 DWT" );; line 55798 (wfb::merchant_marine italy ships_by_type "bulk 40, cargo 62, chemical tanker 34, combination ore/oil 3, container 18, liquefied gas tanker 37, multifunction large-load carrier 1, oil tanker 136, passenger 7, roll-on/roll-off cargo 54, short-sea passenger 30, specialized tanker 11, vehicle carrier 8" );; line 55801 (wfb::airports italy total 138 );; line 55809 (wfb::airports italy |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 5 );; line 55811 (wfb::airports italy |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 34 );; line 55813 (wfb::airports italy |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 15 );; line 55815 (wfb::airports italy |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 26 );; line 55817 (wfb::airports italy with_paved_runways_under_914_m 34 );; line 55819 (wfb::airports italy |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 2 );; line 55821 (wfb::airports italy |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 22 );; line 55823 (wfb::telephone_system italy "25,600,000 telephones; modern, well-developed, fast; fully automated telephone, telex, and data services" );; line 55828 (wfb::telephone_system italy local "NA" );; line 55831 (wfb::telephone_system italy intercity "high-capacity cable and microwave radio relay trunks" );; line 55833 (wfb::telephone_system italy international "international service by 21 submarine cables, 3 satellite earth stations operating in INTELSAT with 3 Atlantic Ocean antennas and 2 Indian Ocean antennas; also participates in INMARSAT and EUTELSAT systems" );; line 55835 (wfb::radio italy broadcast_stations am 135 );; line 55842 (wfb::comment radio italy broadcast_stations fm "repeaters 1,840" );; line 55842 (wfb::radio italy broadcast_stations fm 28 );; line 55842 (wfb::radio italy broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 55842 (wfb::radio italy radios 16e6 );; line 55844 (wfb::comment television italy broadcast_stations "repeaters 1,000" );; line 55849 (wfb::television italy broadcast_stations 83 );; line 55849 (wfb::television italy televisions 18e6 );; line 55851 (wfb::defense_branch italy army_italy );; line 55857 (wfb::defense_branch italy navy_italy );; line 55857 (wfb::defense_branch italy air_force_italy );; line 55857 (wfb::defense_branch italy carabinieri_italy );; line 55857 (wfb::manpower_availability italy "males age 15-49 14,934,657; males fit for military service 12,962,594; males reach military age (18) annually 382,142 (1995 est.)" );; line 55861 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures italy date_1994 );; line 55866 (wfb::defense_expenditures italy (* 21.5e9 $) );; line 55866 (wfb::defense_expenditures italy (* 2 %_of_gdp) );; line 55866 (wfb::markup-parameter figure jamaica "graphno=\"jm.tif\"" );; line 55873 (wfb::location jamaica "Caribbean, island in the Caribbean Sea, south of Cuba" );; line 55877 (wfb::map_references jamaica "Central America and the Caribbean" );; line 55881 (wfb::area jamaica total_area (* 10990 sq_km) );; line 55886 (wfb::area jamaica land_area (* 10830 sq_km) );; line 55888 (wfb::area jamaica comparative_area "slightly smaller than Connecticut" );; line 55890 (wfb::coastline jamaica (* 1022 km) );; line 55898 (wfb::maritime_claims jamaica exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 55905 (wfb::maritime_claims jamaica territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 55907 (wfb::international_disputes jamaica "none" );; line 55911 (wfb::climate jamaica "tropical" );; line 55915 (wfb::climate jamaica "hot, humid" );; line 55915 (wfb::climate jamaica "temperate interior" );; line 55915 (wfb::terrain jamaica "mostly mountains with narrow, discontinuous coastal plain" );; line 55919 (wfb::natural-resource jamaica bauxite );; line 55923 (wfb::natural-resource jamaica gypsum );; line 55923 (wfb::natural-resource jamaica limestone );; line 55923 (wfb::land_use jamaica arable_land (* 19 %) );; line 55928 (wfb::land_use jamaica permanent_crops (* 6 %) );; line 55930 (wfb::land_use jamaica meadows_and_pastures (* 18 %) );; line 55932 (wfb::land_use jamaica forest_and_woodland (* 28 %) );; line 55934 (wfb::land_use jamaica other (* 29 %) );; line 55936 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land jamaica date_1989 );; line 55940 (wfb::irrigated_land jamaica (* 350 sq_km) );; line 55940 (wfb::environment jamaica current_issues "deforestation" );; line 55945 (wfb::environment jamaica current_issues "coastal waters polluted by industrial waste, sewage, and oil spills" );; line 55945 (wfb::environment jamaica current_issues "damage to coral reefs" );; line 55945 (wfb::environment jamaica current_issues "air pollution in Kingston results from vehicle emissions" );; line 55945 (wfb::environment jamaica natural_hazards "hurricanes (especially July to November)" );; line 55949 (wfb::environment jamaica international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution" );; line 55951 (wfb::note jamaica "strategic location between Cayman Trench and Jamaica Channel, the main sea lanes for Panama Canal" );; line 55957 (wfb::estimation-date population jamaica date_jul_1995 );; line 55964 (wfb::population jamaica 2574291 );; line 55964 (wfb::age_structure jamaica 0-14_years (* 33 %) );; line 55969 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex jamaica 0-14_years female 412565 );; line 55969 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex jamaica 0-14_years male 431043 );; line 55969 (wfb::age_structure jamaica 15-64_years (* 60 %) );; line 55971 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex jamaica 15-64_years female 786700 );; line 55971 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex jamaica 15-64_years male 770681 );; line 55971 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure jamaica 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 55973 (wfb::age_structure jamaica 65_years_and_over (* 7 %) );; line 55973 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex jamaica 65_years_and_over female 96348 );; line 55973 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex jamaica 65_years_and_over male 76954 );; line 55973 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate jamaica date_1995 );; line 55977 (wfb::population_growth_rate jamaica (* 0.78 %) );; line 55977 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate jamaica date_1995 );; line 55981 (wfb::birth_rate jamaica (* 22.03 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 55981 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate jamaica date_1995 );; line 55985 (wfb::death_rate jamaica (* 5.62 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 55985 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate jamaica date_1995 );; line 55989 (wfb::net_migration_rate jamaica (* -8.65 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 55989 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate jamaica date_1995 );; line 55993 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate jamaica (* 16.1 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 55993 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth jamaica total_population (* 74.65 years) );; line 55998 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth jamaica male (* 72.39 years) );; line 56000 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth jamaica female date_1995 );; line 56002 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth jamaica female (* 77.01 years) );; line 56002 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate jamaica date_1995 );; line 56006 (wfb::total_fertility_rate jamaica (* 2.42 children_born/woman) );; line 56006 (wfb::nationality jamaica noun "Jamaican(s)" );; line 56011 (wfb::nationality jamaica adjective "Jamaican" );; line 56013 (wfb::ethnic-entity jamaica african (* 76.3 %) );; line 56017 (wfb::ethnic-entity jamaica afro-european (* 15.1 %) );; line 56017 (wfb::ethnic-entity jamaica east_indian_and_afro-east_indian (* 3 %) );; line 56017 (wfb::ethnic-entity jamaica white (* 3.2 %) );; line 56017 (wfb::ethnic-entity jamaica chinese_and_afro-chinese (* 1.2 %) );; line 56017 (wfb::measurement-date religion date_1982 );; line 56022 (wfb::comment religion "Church of God 18.4%, Baptist 10%, Anglican 7.1%, Seventh-Day Adventist 6.9%, Pentecostal 5.2%, Methodist 3.1%, United Church 2.7%, other 2.5%" );; line 56022 (wfb::religion jamaica protestant (* 55.9 %) );; line 56022 (wfb::religion jamaica roman_catholic (* 5 %) );; line 56022 (wfb::language jamaica english n/a );; line 56029 (wfb::language jamaica creole n/a );; line 56029 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition jamaica date_1987 );; line 56033 (wfb::literacy-condition jamaica "age 15 and over has ever attended school" );; line 56033 (wfb::literacy jamaica total_population (* 82 %) );; line 56035 (wfb::literacy jamaica male (* 77 %) );; line 56037 (wfb::literacy jamaica female (* 86 %) );; line 56039 (wfb::total_labor_force jamaica 1062100 );; line 56043 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force jamaica by_occupation date_1989 );; line 56045 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1989 );; line 56045 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation jamaica services (* 41 %) );; line 56045 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation jamaica agriculture (* 22.5 %) );; line 56045 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation jamaica industry (* 19 %) );; line 56045 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation jamaica unemployed (* 17.5 %) );; line 56045 (wfb::names jamaica conventional_short_form "Jamaica" );; line 56054 (wfb::digraph jamaica "JM" );; line 56058 (wfb::type jamaica "parliamentary democracy" );; line 56062 (wfb::capital jamaica kingston-jamaica );; line 56066 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_jamaica_parishes "parishes" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 56070 (wfb::administrative_divisions jamaica adm_div_jamaica_parishes 14 );; line 56070 (wfb::administrative_division_of jamaica adm_div_jamaica_parishes "Clarendon" );; line 56070 (wfb::administrative_division_of jamaica adm_div_jamaica_parishes "Hanover" );; line 56070 (wfb::administrative_division_of jamaica adm_div_jamaica_parishes "Kingston" );; line 56070 (wfb::administrative_division_of jamaica adm_div_jamaica_parishes "Manchester" );; line 56070 (wfb::administrative_division_of jamaica adm_div_jamaica_parishes "Portland" );; line 56070 (wfb::administrative_division_of jamaica adm_div_jamaica_parishes "Saint Andrew" );; line 56070 (wfb::administrative_division_of jamaica adm_div_jamaica_parishes "Saint Ann" );; line 56070 (wfb::administrative_division_of jamaica adm_div_jamaica_parishes "Saint Catherine" );; line 56070 (wfb::administrative_division_of jamaica adm_div_jamaica_parishes "Saint Elizabeth" );; line 56070 (wfb::administrative_division_of jamaica adm_div_jamaica_parishes "Saint James" );; line 56070 (wfb::administrative_division_of jamaica adm_div_jamaica_parishes "Saint Mary" );; line 56070 (wfb::administrative_division_of jamaica adm_div_jamaica_parishes "Saint Thomas" );; line 56070 (wfb::administrative_division_of jamaica adm_div_jamaica_parishes "Trelawny" );; line 56070 (wfb::administrative_division_of jamaica adm_div_jamaica_parishes "Westmoreland" );; line 56070 (wfb::independence jamaica date_6_aug_1962 "UK" );; line 56076 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1962 );; line 56080 (wfb::comment national_holiday jamaica "1962" );; line 56080 (wfb::constitution jamaica "6 August 1962" );; line 56084 (wfb::legal_system jamaica "based on English common law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 56088 (wfb::comment suffrage jamaica " universal" );; line 56093 (wfb::suffrage jamaica (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 56093 (wfb::comment executive_branch jamaica head_of_government "Deputy Prime Minister Seymour MULLINGS (since NA 1993)" );; line 56101 (wfb::executive_branch jamaica head_of_government "Prime Minister P. J. PATTERSON " date_30_mar_1992 );; line 56101 (wfb::comment executive_branch jamaica cabinet "appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister" );; line 56104 (wfb::executive_branch jamaica cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 56104 (wfb::legislative_structure jamaica bicameral "Parliament" );; line 56109 (wfb::legislative_branch jamaica "Senate" "consists of a 21-member body appointed by the governor general" );; line 56111 (wfb::legislative_branch jamaica "House of Representatives" "elections last held 30 March 1993 (next to be held by March 1998); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (60 total) PNP 52, JLP 8" );; line 56113 (wfb::judicial_branch jamaica "Supreme Court" );; line 56118 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders jamaica "People's National Party (PNP) P. J. PATTERSON; Jamaica Labor Party (JLP), Edward SEAGA" );; line 56122 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups jamaica "Rastafarians (black religious/racial cultists, pan-Africanists); New Beginnings Movement (NBM)" );; line 56127 (wfb::member_of jamaica acp );; line 56132 (wfb::member_of jamaica c );; line 56132 (wfb::member_of jamaica caricom );; line 56132 (wfb::member_of jamaica ccc );; line 56132 (wfb::member_of jamaica cdb );; line 56132 (wfb::member_of jamaica eclac );; line 56132 (wfb::member_of jamaica fao );; line 56132 (wfb::member_of jamaica g-15 );; line 56132 (wfb::member_of jamaica g-19 );; line 56132 (wfb::member_of jamaica g-77 );; line 56132 (wfb::member_of jamaica gatt );; line 56132 (wfb::member_of jamaica iadb );; line 56132 (wfb::member_of jamaica iaea );; line 56132 (wfb::member_of jamaica ibrd );; line 56132 (wfb::member_of jamaica icao );; line 56132 (wfb::member_of jamaica icftu );; line 56132 (wfb::member_of jamaica icrm );; line 56132 (wfb::member_of jamaica ifad );; line 56132 (wfb::member_of jamaica ifc );; line 56132 (wfb::member_of jamaica ifrcs );; line 56132 (wfb::member_of jamaica ilo );; line 56132 (wfb::member_of jamaica imf );; line 56132 (wfb::member_of jamaica imo );; line 56132 (wfb::member_of jamaica intelsat );; line 56132 (wfb::member_of jamaica interpol );; line 56132 (wfb::member_of jamaica ioc );; line 56132 (wfb::member_of jamaica iso );; line 56132 (wfb::member_of jamaica itu );; line 56132 (wfb::member_of jamaica laes );; line 56132 (wfb::member_of jamaica nam );; line 56132 (wfb::member_of jamaica oas );; line 56132 (wfb::member_of jamaica opanal );; line 56132 (wfb::member_of jamaica un );; line 56132 (wfb::member_of jamaica unctad );; line 56132 (wfb::member_of jamaica unesco );; line 56132 (wfb::member_of jamaica unido );; line 56132 (wfb::member_of jamaica unitar );; line 56132 (wfb::member_of jamaica upu );; line 56132 (wfb::member_of jamaica wcl );; line 56132 (wfb::member_of jamaica wftu );; line 56132 (wfb::member_of jamaica who );; line 56132 (wfb::member_of jamaica wipo );; line 56132 (wfb::member_of jamaica wmo );; line 56132 (wfb::member_of jamaica wto );; line 56132 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us jamaica chief_of_mission "Ambassador Richard Leighton BERNAL" );; line 56140 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us jamaica chancery "1520 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036" );; line 56142 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us jamaica telephone "[1] (202) 452-0660" );; line 56144 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us jamaica fax "[1] (202) 452-0081" );; line 56146 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us jamaica |consulate(s) general| "Miami and New York" );; line 56148 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation jamaica chief_of_mission "Ambassador J. Gary COOPER (since October 1994)" );; line 56153 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation jamaica embassy "Jamaica Mutual Life Center, 2 Oxford Road, 3rd floor, Kingston" );; line 56155 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation jamaica mailing_address "use embassy street address" );; line 56157 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation jamaica telephone "[1] (809) 929-4850 through 4859" );; line 56159 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation jamaica fax "[1] (809) 926-6743" );; line 56161 (wfb::flag jamaica "diagonal yellow cross divides the flag into four triangles - green (top and bottom) and black (hoist side and fly side)" );; line 56165 (wfb::overview jamaica "Key sectors in this island economy are bauxite (alumina and bauxite account for more than half of exports) and tourism. The government's tight fiscal and monetary policies, which have been partially successful in curbing inflation, have held growth to 1.2% in 1993 and 2.0% in 1994." );; line 56171 (wfb::estimation-date national_product jamaica date_1994 );; line 56178 (wfb::national_product jamaica (* 7.8e9 $) );; line 56178 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate jamaica date_1994 );; line 56182 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate jamaica (* 2 %) );; line 56182 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita jamaica date_1994 );; line 56186 (wfb::national_product_per_capita jamaica (* 3050 $) );; line 56186 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| jamaica "26.7% (1994)" );; line 56190 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate jamaica date_1992 );; line 56194 (wfb::unemployment_rate jamaica (* 15.7 %) );; line 56194 (wfb::budget jamaica revenues (* 600e6 $) );; line 56199 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year budget jamaica 90 );; line 56201 (wfb::budget jamaica expenditures (* 736e6 $) );; line 56201 (wfb::budget jamaica capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 56201 (wfb::exports jamaica (* 1.2e9 $) );; line 56206 (wfb::exports jamaica commodities alumina-commodity n/a );; line 56208 (wfb::exports jamaica commodities bauxite-commodity n/a );; line 56208 (wfb::exports jamaica commodities sugar-commodity n/a );; line 56208 (wfb::exports jamaica commodities bananas n/a );; line 56208 (wfb::exports jamaica commodities rum n/a );; line 56208 (wfb::measurement-date exports jamaica date_1993 );; line 56210 (wfb::exports jamaica partners us (* 47 %) );; line 56210 (wfb::exports jamaica partners uk (* 11 %) );; line 56210 (wfb::exports jamaica partners canada (* 9 %) );; line 56210 (wfb::exports jamaica partners norway (* 7 %) );; line 56210 (wfb::exports jamaica partners france (* 4 %) );; line 56210 (wfb::imports jamaica (* 2.2e9 $) );; line 56214 (wfb::imports jamaica commodities machinery_and_transport_equipment n/a );; line 56216 (wfb::imports jamaica commodities construction_materials n/a );; line 56216 (wfb::imports jamaica commodities fuel n/a );; line 56216 (wfb::imports jamaica commodities food n/a );; line 56216 (wfb::imports jamaica commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 56216 (wfb::measurement-date imports jamaica date_1993 );; line 56219 (wfb::imports jamaica partners us (* 54 %) );; line 56219 (wfb::imports jamaica partners japan (* 4.0 %) );; line 56219 (wfb::imports jamaica partners mexico (* 6 %) );; line 56219 (wfb::imports jamaica partners uk (* 4 %) );; line 56219 (wfb::imports jamaica partners venezuela (* 3 %) );; line 56219 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt jamaica date_1994 );; line 56223 (wfb::external_debt jamaica (* 3.6e9 $) );; line 56223 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1992 );; line 56227 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production jamaica date_1992 );; line 56227 (wfb::industrial_production jamaica growth_rate (* 0.4 %) );; line 56227 (wfb::electricity jamaica capacity (* 730000 kw) );; line 56232 (wfb::electricity jamaica production (* 2.6e9 kwh) );; line 56234 (wfb::measurement-date electricity jamaica consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 56236 (wfb::electricity jamaica consumption_per_capita (* 988 kwh) );; line 56236 (wfb::industry jamaica bauxite_mining );; line 56240 (wfb::industry jamaica tourism );; line 56240 (wfb::industry jamaica textiles );; line 56240 (wfb::industry jamaica food_processing );; line 56240 (wfb::industry jamaica light_manufactures-industry );; line 56240 (wfb::agriculture jamaica "accounts for about 7% of GDP, 22% of work force, and 17% of exports; commercial crops - sugarcane, bananas, coffee, citrus, potatoes, vegetables; livestock and livestock products include poultry, goats, milk; not self-sufficient in grain, meat, and dairy products" );; line 56245 (wfb::illicit_drugs jamaica "transshipment point for cocaine from Central and South America to North America and Europe; illicit cultivation of cannabis; government has an active cannabis eradication program" );; line 56252 (wfb::economic_aid jamaica recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $1.2 billion; other countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $1.6 billion" );; line 56259 (wfb::abbreviation jamaican_dollar "J$" );; line 56264 (wfb::currency jamaica jamaican_dollar 100 cents );; line 56264 (wfb::exchange_rates jamaica "Jamaican dollars (J$) per US$1 - 33.195 (December 1994), 33.986 (1994), 24.949 (1993), 22.960 (1992), 12.116 (1991), 7.184 (1990)" );; line 56268 (wfb::fiscal_year jamaica date_1_apr date_31_mar );; line 56273 (wfb::railroads jamaica total "370 km" );; line 56279 (wfb::railroads jamaica standard_gauge "370 km 1.435-m gauge" );; line 56281 (wfb::highways jamaica total (* 18200 km) );; line 56286 (wfb::highways jamaica paved (* 12600 km) );; line 56288 (wfb::highways jamaica gravel (* 3200 km) );; line 56290 (wfb::highways jamaica improved_earth (* 2400 km) );; line 56290 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 10 km) );; line 56294 (wfb::port jamaica alligator_pond-jamaica );; line 56298 (wfb::port jamaica discovery_bay-jamaica );; line 56298 (wfb::port jamaica kingston-jamaica );; line 56298 (wfb::port jamaica montego_bay-jamaica );; line 56298 (wfb::port jamaica ocho_rios-jamaica );; line 56298 (wfb::port jamaica port_antonio-jamaica );; line 56298 (wfb::port jamaica longs_wharf-jamaica );; line 56298 (wfb::port jamaica rocky_point-jamaica );; line 56298 (wfb::merchant_marine jamaica total "3 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 5,931 GRT/10,545 DWT" );; line 56304 (wfb::merchant_marine jamaica ships_by_type "bulk 1, oil tanker 1, roll-on/roll-off cargo 1" );; line 56306 (wfb::airports jamaica total 41 );; line 56311 (wfb::airports jamaica |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 2 );; line 56313 (wfb::airports jamaica |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 1 );; line 56315 (wfb::airports jamaica |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 3 );; line 56317 (wfb::airports jamaica with_paved_runways_under_914_m 31 );; line 56319 (wfb::airports jamaica |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 4 );; line 56321 (wfb::telephone_system jamaica "127,000 telephones; fully automatic domestic telephone network" );; line 56326 (wfb::telephone_system jamaica local "NA" );; line 56328 (wfb::telephone_system jamaica intercity "NA" );; line 56330 (wfb::telephone_system jamaica international "2 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth stations; 3 coaxial submarine cables" );; line 56332 (wfb::radio jamaica broadcast_stations am 10 );; line 56338 (wfb::radio jamaica broadcast_stations fm 17 );; line 56338 (wfb::radio jamaica broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 56338 (wfb::radio jamaica radios n/a );; line 56340 (wfb::television jamaica broadcast_stations 8 );; line 56345 (wfb::television jamaica televisions n/a );; line 56347 (wfb::comment defense_branch jamaica jamaica_defense_force_jamaica "includes Ground Forces, Coast Guard and Air Wing" );; line 56353 (wfb::defense_branch jamaica jamaica_defense_force_jamaica );; line 56353 (wfb::defense_branch jamaica jamaica_constabulary_force_jamaica );; line 56353 (wfb::manpower_availability jamaica "males age 15-49 670,958; males fit for military service 475,235; males reach military age (18) annually 26,244 (1995 est.)" );; line 56358 (wfb::for-fiscal-year defense_expenditures jamaica 91 );; line 56363 (wfb::defense_expenditures jamaica (* 19.3e6 $) );; line 56363 (wfb::defense_expenditures jamaica (* 1 %_of_gdp) );; line 56363 (wfb::markup-parameter figure jan_mayen "graphno=\"jn.tif\"" );; line 56369 (wfb::header jan_mayen "(territory of Norway)" );; line 56369 (wfb::location jan_mayen "Northern Europe, island between the Greenland Sea and the Norwegian Sea, northeast of Iceland" );; line 56373 (wfb::map_references jan_mayen "Arctic Region" );; line 56378 (wfb::area jan_mayen total_area (* 373 sq_km) );; line 56383 (wfb::area jan_mayen land_area (* 373 sq_km) );; line 56385 (wfb::area jan_mayen comparative_area "slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC" );; line 56387 (wfb::coastline jan_mayen (* 124.1 km) );; line 56395 (wfb::maritime_claims jan_mayen contiguous_zone (* 10 nm) );; line 56400 (wfb::maritime_claims jan_mayen exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 56404 (wfb::maritime_claims jan_mayen territorial_sea (* 4 nm) );; line 56406 (wfb::international_disputes jan_mayen "none" );; line 56410 (wfb::climate jan_mayen "arctic maritime with frequent storms and persistent fog" );; line 56414 (wfb::terrain jan_mayen "volcanic island, partly covered by glaciers" );; line 56418 (wfb::terrain jan_mayen "Beerenberg is the highest peak, with an elevation of 2,277 meters" );; line 56418 (wfb::land_use jan_mayen arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 56428 (wfb::land_use jan_mayen permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 56430 (wfb::land_use jan_mayen meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 56432 (wfb::land_use jan_mayen forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 56434 (wfb::land_use jan_mayen other (* 100 %) );; line 56436 (wfb::irrigated_land jan_mayen (* 0 sq_km) );; line 56440 (wfb::environment jan_mayen current_issues "NA" );; line 56445 (wfb::environment jan_mayen natural_hazards "dominated by the volcano Beerenberg" );; line 56447 (wfb::environment jan_mayen natural_hazards "volcanic activity resumed in 1970" );; line 56447 (wfb::environment jan_mayen international_agreements "NA" );; line 56450 (wfb::note jan_mayen "barren volcanic island with some moss and grass" );; line 56454 (wfb::names jan_mayen conventional_short_form "Jan Mayen" );; line 56469 (wfb::digraph jan_mayen "JN" );; line 56473 (wfb::type jan_mayen "territory of Norway" );; line 56477 (wfb::comment capital jan_mayen "Svalbard" );; line 56481 (wfb::comment independence jan_mayen "territory of Norway" );; line 56486 (wfb::overview jan_mayen "Jan Mayen is a volcanic island with no exploitable natural resources. Economic activity is limited to providing services for employees of Norway's radio and meteorological stations located on the island." );; line 56491 (wfb::electricity jan_mayen capacity (* 15000 kw) );; line 56498 (wfb::electricity jan_mayen production (* 40e6 kwh) );; line 56500 (wfb::measurement-date electricity jan_mayen consumption_per_capita date_1992 );; line 56502 (wfb::electricity jan_mayen consumption_per_capita (* n/a kwh) );; line 56502 (wfb::airports jan_mayen total 1 );; line 56521 (wfb::airports jan_mayen |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 56523 (wfb::telephone_system jan_mayen "NA telephones" );; line 56528 (wfb::telephone_system jan_mayen local "NA" );; line 56530 (wfb::telephone_system jan_mayen intercity "NA" );; line 56532 (wfb::telephone_system jan_mayen international "NA" );; line 56534 (wfb::radio jan_mayen radios n/a );; line 56541 (wfb::comment radio jan_mayen "radio and meteorological station" );; line 56543 (wfb::television jan_mayen broadcast_stations n/a );; line 56548 (wfb::television jan_mayen televisions n/a );; line 56550 (wfb::note jan_mayen "defense is the responsibility of Norway" );; line 56556 (wfb::markup-parameter figure japan "graphno=\"ja.tif\"" );; line 56562 (wfb::location japan "Eastern Asia, island chain between the North Pacific Ocean and the Sea of Japan, east of the Korean peninsula" );; line 56566 (wfb::map_references japan "Asia" );; line 56571 (wfb::area japan total_area (* 377835 sq_km) );; line 56576 (wfb::area japan land_area (* 374744 sq_km) );; line 56578 (wfb::area japan comparative_area "slightly smaller than California" );; line 56580 (wfb::comment area japan "includes Bonin Islands (Ogasawara-gunto), Daito-shoto, Minami-jima, Okinotori-shima, Ryukyu Islands (Nansei-shoto), and Volcano Islands (Kazan-retto)" );; line 56582 (wfb::coastline japan (* 29751 km) );; line 56592 (wfb::maritime_claims japan exclusive_fishing_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 56597 (wfb::international_disputes japan "islands of Etorofu, Kunashiri, Shikotan, and the Habomai group occupied by the Soviet Union in 1945, now administered by Russia, claimed by Japan" );; line 56605 (wfb::international_disputes japan "Liancourt Rocks disputed with South Korea" );; line 56605 (wfb::international_disputes japan "Senkaku-shoto (Senkaku Islands) claimed by China and Taiwan" );; line 56605 (wfb::climate japan "varies from tropical in south to cool temperate in north" );; line 56612 (wfb::terrain japan "mostly rugged and mountainous" );; line 56616 (wfb::natural-resource japan negligible_mineral_resources );; line 56620 (wfb::natural-resource japan fish );; line 56620 (wfb::land_use japan arable_land (* 13 %) );; line 56625 (wfb::land_use japan permanent_crops (* 1 %) );; line 56627 (wfb::land_use japan meadows_and_pastures (* 1 %) );; line 56629 (wfb::land_use japan forest_and_woodland (* 67 %) );; line 56631 (wfb::land_use japan other (* 18 %) );; line 56633 (wfb::measurement-date irrigated_land japan date_1989 );; line 56637 (wfb::irrigated_land japan (* 28680 sq_km) );; line 56637 (wfb::environment japan current_issues "air pollution from power plant emissions results in acid rain" );; line 56642 (wfb::environment japan current_issues "acidification of lakes and reservoirs degrading water quality and threatening aquatic life" );; line 56642 (wfb::environment japan current_issues "Japan's appetite for fish and tropical timber is contributing to the depletion of these resources in Asia and elsewhere" );; line 56642 (wfb::environment japan natural_hazards "many dormant and some active volcanoes" );; line 56647 (wfb::environment japan natural_hazards "about 1,500 seismic occurrences (mostly tremors) every year" );; line 56647 (wfb::environment japan natural_hazards "tsunamis" );; line 56647 (wfb::environment japan international_agreements "party to - Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling" );; line 56650 (wfb::environment japan international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Desertification, Law of the Sea" );; line 56650 (wfb::note japan "strategic location in northeast Asia" );; line 56658 (wfb::estimation-date population japan date_jul_1995 );; line 56664 (wfb::population japan 125506492 );; line 56664 (wfb::age_structure japan 0-14_years (* 16 %) );; line 56669 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex japan 0-14_years female 9955603 );; line 56669 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex japan 0-14_years male 10542973 );; line 56669 (wfb::age_structure japan 15-64_years (* 69 %) );; line 56671 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex japan 15-64_years female 43377425 );; line 56671 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex japan 15-64_years male 43843645 );; line 56671 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure japan 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 56673 (wfb::age_structure japan 65_years_and_over (* 15 %) );; line 56673 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex japan 65_years_and_over female 10514017 );; line 56673 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex japan 65_years_and_over male 7272829 );; line 56673 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate japan date_1995 );; line 56677 (wfb::population_growth_rate japan (* 0.32 %) );; line 56677 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate japan date_1995 );; line 56681 (wfb::birth_rate japan (* 10.66 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 56681 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate japan date_1995 );; line 56685 (wfb::death_rate japan (* 7.46 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 56685 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate japan date_1995 );; line 56689 (wfb::net_migration_rate japan (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 56689 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate japan date_1995 );; line 56693 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate japan (* 4.3 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 56693 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth japan total_population (* 79.44 years) );; line 56698 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth japan male (* 76.6 years) );; line 56700 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth japan female date_1995 );; line 56702 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth japan female (* 82.42 years) );; line 56702 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate japan date_1995 );; line 56706 (wfb::total_fertility_rate japan (* 1.56 children_born/woman) );; line 56706 (wfb::nationality japan noun "Japanese (singular and plural)" );; line 56711 (wfb::nationality japan adjective "Japanese" );; line 56713 (wfb::comment ethnic_divisions japan "mostly Korean" );; line 56717 (wfb::ethnic-entity japan japanese-ethnic-entity (* 99.4 %) );; line 56717 (wfb::comment religions japan "including 0.7% Christian" );; line 56721 (wfb::religion japan observe_both_shinto_and_buddhist (* 84 %) );; line 56721 (wfb::language japan japanese n/a );; line 56726 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition japan date_1970 );; line 56730 (wfb::literacy-condition japan "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 56730 (wfb::literacy japan total_population (* 99 %) );; line 56732 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force japan date_dec_1994 );; line 56736 (wfb::total_labor_force japan 65.87e6 );; line 56736 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force japan by_occupation date_1988 );; line 56738 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1988 );; line 56738 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation japan trade_and_services (* 54 %) );; line 56738 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation japan manufacturing n/a );; line 56738 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation japan mining-occupation-type n/a );; line 56738 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation japan construction (* 33 %) );; line 56738 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation japan agriculture n/a );; line 56738 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation japan forestry n/a );; line 56738 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation japan fishing-occupation-type (* 7 %) );; line 56738 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation japan government (* 3 %) );; line 56738 (wfb::names japan conventional_short_form "Japan" );; line 56747 (wfb::digraph japan "JA" );; line 56751 (wfb::type japan "constitutional monarchy" );; line 56755 (wfb::capital japan tokyo-japan );; line 56759 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_japan_prefectures "prefectures" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_divisions japan adm_div_japan_prefectures 47 );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Aichi" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Akita" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Aomori" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Chiba" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Ehime" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Fukui" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Fukuoka" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Fukushima" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Gifu" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Gumma" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Hiroshima" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Hokkaido" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Hyogo" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Ibaraki" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Ishikawa" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Iwate" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Kagawa" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Kagoshima" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Kanagawa" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Kochi" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Kumamoto" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Kyoto" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Mie" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Miyagi" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Miyazaki" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Nagano" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Nagasaki" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Nara" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Niigata" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Oita" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Okayama" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Okinawa" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Osaka" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Saga" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Saitama" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Shiga" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Shimane" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Shizuoka" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Tochigi" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Tokushima" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Tokyo" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Tottori" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Toyama" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Wakayama" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Yamagata" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Yamaguchi" );; line 56763 (wfb::administrative_division_of japan adm_div_japan_prefectures "Yamanashi" );; line 56763 (wfb::comment independence japan "traditional founding by Emperor Jimmu" );; line 56772 (wfb::independence japan date_660 "n/a" );; line 56772 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1933 );; line 56776 (wfb::comment national_holiday japan "1933" );; line 56776 (wfb::national_holiday japan "Birthday of the Emperor" date_23_dec );; line 56776 (wfb::constitution japan "3 May 1947" );; line 56780 (wfb::legal_system japan "modeled after European civil law system with English-American influence; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations" );; line 56784 (wfb::comment suffrage japan " universal" );; line 56790 (wfb::suffrage japan (* 20 years_of_age) );; line 56790 (wfb::executive_branch japan chief_of_state "Emperor AKIHITO " date_7_jan_1989 );; line 56795 (wfb::comment executive_branch japan head_of_government "Deputy Prime Minister Yohei KONO (since 30 June 1994)" );; line 56797 (wfb::executive_branch japan head_of_government "Prime Minister Tomiichi MURAYAMA " date_30_jun_1994 );; line 56797 (wfb::comment executive_branch japan cabinet "appointed by the prime minister" );; line 56800 (wfb::executive_branch japan cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 56800 (wfb::legislative_branch japan "House of Councillors (Sangi-in)" "half of the members elected every three years to six-year terms; elections last held on 26 July 1992 (next set to be held 23 July 1995); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (252 total) LDP 106, SDPJ 73, Komeito 24, DSP 12, JCP 11, JNP 4, others 16, independents 6; note - the distribution of seats as of 1 April 1995 is as follows - LDP 94, SDPJ 68, Heisei-kai 47, Shin Ryokufu-kai 16, JCP 11, others 15, vacant 1" );; line 56807 (wfb::legislative_branch japan "House of Representatives (Shugi-in)" "all members elected every four years to four-year terms; elections last held on 18 July 1993 (next to be held by 1997); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (511 total) LDP 223, SDPJ 70, Shinseito 55, Komeito 51, JNP 35, JCP 15, DSP 15, Sakigake 13, others 4, independents 30; note - the distribution of seats as of 1 April 1995 is as follows - LDP 207, Shinshinto 173, SDPJ 70, Sakigake 21, JCP 15, others 19, vacant 6" );; line 56814 (wfb::judicial_branch japan "Supreme Court" );; line 56823 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders japan "Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), Yohei KONO, president and Yoshiro MORI, secretary general; Social Democratic Party of Japan (SDPJ), Tomiichi MURAYAMA; Japan Communist Party (JCP), Tetsuzo FUWA, Presidium chairman; Sakigake (Harbinger), Masayoshi TAKEMURA, chairman; Shinshinto (New Frontier Party, NFP), Toshiki KAIFU, chairman and Ichiro OZAWA, secretary general" );; line 56827 (wfb::comment political_parties_and_leaders japan "Shinshinto was formed in December 1994 by the merger of Shinseito (Japan Renewal Party, JRP), Komeito (Clean Government Party, CGP), Japan New Party (JNP), Democratic Socialist Party (DSP), and several minor groups; Shin Ryokufu-kai is a parliamentary alliance which exists only in the upper house, it includes remnants of Shinseito, JNP, DSP, and a minor labor group; Heisei-kai is a joint bloc of Shinshinto and Komei members; Komei is a group formed from what remains of Komeito in the upper house" );; line 56833 (wfb::member_of japan afdb );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan ag );; line 56843 (wfb::comment member_of japan ag "observer" );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan apec );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan asdb );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan australia_group );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan bis );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan ccc );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan cp );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan ebrd );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan escap );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan fao );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan g-_2 );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan g-_5 );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan g-_7 );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan g-_8 );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan g-10 );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan gatt );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan iadb );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan iaea );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan ibrd );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan icao );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan icc );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan icftu );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan icrm );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan ida );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan iea );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan ifad );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan ifc );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan ifrcs );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan ilo );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan imf );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan imo );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan inmarsat );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan intelsat );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan interpol );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan ioc );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan iom );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan iso );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan itu );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan mtcr );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan nea );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan nsg );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan oas );; line 56843 (wfb::comment member_of japan oas "observer" );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan oecd );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan pca );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan un );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan unctad );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan unesco );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan unhcr );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan unido );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan unitar );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan unomoz );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan unrwa );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan unu );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan upu );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan wftu );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan who );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan wipo );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan wmo );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan wto );; line 56843 (wfb::member_of japan zc );; line 56843 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us japan chief_of_mission "Ambassador Takakazu KURIYAMA" );; line 56853 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us japan chancery "2520 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 56855 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us japan telephone "[1] (202) 939-6700" );; line 56857 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us japan fax "[1] (202) 328-2187" );; line 56859 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us japan |consulate(s) general| "Agana (Guam), Anchorage, Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Detroit, Honolulu, Houston, Kansas City (Missouri), Los Angeles, Miami, New Orleans, New York, Portland (Oregon), San Francisco, and Seattle" );; line 56861 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us japan |consulate(s)| "Saipan (Northern Mariana Islands)" );; line 56865 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation japan chief_of_mission "Ambassador Walter F. MONDALE" );; line 56870 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation japan embassy "10-5, Akasaka 1-chome, Minato-ku (107), Tokyo" );; line 56872 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation japan mailing_address "Unit 45004, Box 258, Tokyo; APO AP 96337-0001" );; line 56874 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation japan telephone "[81] (3) 3224-5000" );; line 56876 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation japan fax "[81] (3) 3505-1862" );; line 56878 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation japan |consulate(s) general| "Naha (Okinawa), Osaka-Kobe, Sapporo" );; line 56880 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation japan |consulate(s)| "Fukuoka, Nagoya" );; line 56882 (wfb::flag japan "white with a large red disk (representing the sun without rays) in the center" );; line 56886 (wfb::overview japan "Government-industry cooperation, a strong work ethic, mastery of high technology, and a comparatively small defense allocation (roughly 1% of GDP) have helped Japan advance with extraordinary rapidity to the rank of second most powerful economy in the world. Industry, the most important sector of the economy, is heavily dependent on imported raw materials and fuels. Usually self-sufficient in rice, Japan must import about 50% of its requirements of other grain and fodder crops. Japan maintains one of the world's largest fishing fleets and accounts for nearly 15% of the global catch. Overall economic growth has been spectacular: a 10% average in the 1960s, a 5% average in the 1970s and 1980s. Economic growth came to a halt in 1992-93 largely because of contractionary domestic policies intended to wring speculative excesses from the stock and real estate markets. Growth resumed at a 0.6% pace in 1994 largely because of consumer demand. As for foreign trade, the stronger yen and slower global growth are containing export growth. Unemployment and inflation remain remarkably low in comparison with the other industrialized nations. Japan continues to run a huge trade surplus - $121 billion in 1994, roughly the same size as in 1993 - which supports extensive investment in foreign assets. Prime Minister MURAYAMA has yet to formalize his government's plans for administrative and economic reform, including reduction in the trade surplus. As leader of a coalition government, he has softened his own socialist positions. The crowding of the habitable land area and the aging of the population are two major long-run problems." );; line 56892 (wfb::estimation-date national_product japan date_1994 );; line 56918 (wfb::national_product japan (* 2.5274e12 $) );; line 56918 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate japan date_1994 );; line 56922 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate japan (* 0.6 %) );; line 56922 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita japan date_1994 );; line 56926 (wfb::national_product_per_capita japan (* 20200 $) );; line 56926 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| japan "0.7% (1994)" );; line 56930 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate japan date_1994 );; line 56934 (wfb::unemployment_rate japan (* 2.9 %) );; line 56934 (wfb::budget japan revenues (* 569e9 $) );; line 56939 (wfb::estimation-date budget japan date_1994 );; line 56941 (wfb::budget japan expenditures (* 671e9 $) );; line 56941 (wfb::exports japan (* 395.5e9 $) );; line 56946 (wfb::comment exports japan commodities "including machinery 46%, motor vehicles 20%, consumer electronics 10%" );; line 56948 (wfb::comment exports japan commodities "including machinery 46%, motor vehicles 20%, consumer electronics 10%" );; line 56948 (wfb::exports japan partners southeast_asia (* 33 %) );; line 56951 (wfb::exports japan partners us (* 29 %) );; line 56951 (wfb::exports japan partners western_europe (* 18 %) );; line 56951 (wfb::exports japan partners china (* 5 %) );; line 56951 (wfb::imports japan (* 274.3e9 $) );; line 56955 (wfb::imports japan commodities manufactures (* 52 %) );; line 56957 (wfb::imports japan commodities fossil_fuels (* 20 %) );; line 56957 (wfb::imports japan commodities foodstuffs_and_raw_materials (* 28 %) );; line 56957 (wfb::imports japan partners southeast_asia (* 25 %) );; line 56960 (wfb::imports japan partners us (* 23 %) );; line 56960 (wfb::imports japan partners western_europe (* 15 %) );; line 56960 (wfb::imports japan partners china (* 9 %) );; line 56960 (wfb::external_debt japan (* n/a $) );; line 56964 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 56968 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production japan date_1994 );; line 56968 (wfb::industrial_production japan growth_rate (* 1 %) );; line 56968 (wfb::industrial_production japan accounts_for (* 30 %_of_gdp) );; line 56968 (wfb::electricity japan capacity (* 205140000 kw) );; line 56973 (wfb::electricity japan production (* 840e9 kwh) );; line 56975 (wfb::measurement-date electricity japan consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 56977 (wfb::electricity japan consumption_per_capita (* 6262 kwh) );; line 56977 (wfb::industry japan steel_and_non-ferrous_metallurgy );; line 56981 (wfb::industry japan heavy_electrical_equipment );; line 56981 (wfb::industry japan construction_and_mining_equipment );; line 56981 (wfb::industry japan motor_vehicles_and_parts-industry );; line 56981 (wfb::industry japan electronic_and_telecommunication_equipment_and_components );; line 56981 (wfb::industry japan machine_tools_and_automated_production_systems );; line 56981 (wfb::industry japan locomotives_and_railroad_rolling_stock );; line 56981 (wfb::industry japan shipbuilding );; line 56981 (wfb::industry japan chemicals );; line 56981 (wfb::industry japan textiles );; line 56981 (wfb::industry japan food_processing );; line 56981 (wfb::agriculture japan "accounts for only 2% of GDP; highly subsidized and protected sector, with crop yields among highest in world; principal crops - rice, sugar beets, vegetables, fruit; animal products include pork, poultry, dairy and eggs; about 50% self-sufficient in food production; shortages of wheat, corn, soybeans; world's largest fish catch of 10 million metric tons in 1991" );; line 56989 (wfb::economic_aid japan donor "ODA and OOF commitments (1970-94), $132 billion" );; line 56998 (wfb::comment economic_aid japan "ODA outlay of $9.9 billion in 1994 (est.)" );; line 57000 (wfb::abbreviation yen "Y" );; line 57004 (wfb::currency japan yen n/a n/a );; line 57004 (wfb::exchange_rates japan "yen (Y) per US$1 - 99.75 (January 1995), 102.21 (1994), 111.20 (1993), 126.65 (1992), 134.71 (1991), 144.79 (1990)" );; line 57008 (wfb::fiscal_year japan date_1_apr date_31_mar );; line 57013 (wfb::railroads japan total "27,327 km (5,724 km double track and multitrack sections)" );; line 57019 (wfb::railroads japan standard_gauge "2,012 km 1.435-m gauge (2,012 km electrified)" );; line 57021 (wfb::railroads japan narrow_gauge "25,315 km predominantly 1.067-m gauge (9,038 km electrified) (1987)" );; line 57023 (wfb::highways japan total (* 1111974 km) );; line 57029 (wfb::comment highways japan paved "including 4,869 km of national expressways" );; line 57031 (wfb::measurement-date highways japan date_1991 );; line 57033 (wfb::highways japan (union gravel crushed_stone or_earth ) (* 357872 km) );; line 57033 (wfb::inland_waterways japan "about 1,770 km; seagoing craft ply all coastal inland seas" );; line 57037 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 84 km) );; line 57041 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 322 km) );; line 57041 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 1800 km) );; line 57041 (wfb::port japan akita-japan );; line 57045 (wfb::port japan amagasaki-japan );; line 57045 (wfb::port japan chiba-japan );; line 57045 (wfb::port japan hachinohe-japan );; line 57045 (wfb::port japan hakodate-japan );; line 57045 (wfb::port japan higashi-harima-japan );; line 57045 (wfb::port japan himeji-japan );; line 57045 (wfb::port japan hiroshima-japan );; line 57045 (wfb::port japan kawasaki-japan );; line 57045 (wfb::port japan kinuura-japan );; line 57045 (wfb::port japan kobe-japan );; line 57045 (wfb::port japan kushiro-japan );; line 57045 (wfb::port japan mizushima-japan );; line 57045 (wfb::port japan moji-japan );; line 57045 (wfb::port japan nagoya-japan );; line 57045 (wfb::port japan osaka-japan );; line 57045 (wfb::port japan sakai-japan );; line 57045 (wfb::port japan sakaide-japan );; line 57045 (wfb::port japan shimizu-japan );; line 57045 (wfb::port japan tokyo-japan );; line 57045 (wfb::port japan tomakomai-japan );; line 57045 (wfb::merchant_marine japan total "851 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 18,195,386 GRT/27,292,044 DWT" );; line 57052 (wfb::merchant_marine japan ships_by_type "bulk 210, cargo 63, chemical tanker 7, combination ore/oil 7, container 41, liquefied gas tanker 41, multifunction large-load carrier 1, oil tanker 264, passenger 10, passenger-cargo 5, refrigerated cargo 48, roll-on/roll-off cargo 43, short-sea passenger 30, specialized tanker 2, vehicle carrier 79" );; line 57055 (wfb::comment merchant_marine japan "Japan owns an additional 1,537 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 45,490,202 DWT that operate under Panamanian, Liberian, Vanuatu, Bahamian, Singaporian, Cypriot, Philippines, Hong Kong, and Maltese registry" );; line 57061 (wfb::airports japan total 175 );; line 57068 (wfb::airports japan |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 6 );; line 57070 (wfb::airports japan |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 31 );; line 57072 (wfb::airports japan |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 36 );; line 57074 (wfb::airports japan |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 30 );; line 57076 (wfb::airports japan with_paved_runways_under_914_m 70 );; line 57078 (wfb::airports japan |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 2 );; line 57080 (wfb::telephone_system japan "64,000,000 telephones; excellent domestic and international service" );; line 57085 (wfb::telephone_system japan local "NA" );; line 57088 (wfb::telephone_system japan intercity "NA" );; line 57090 (wfb::telephone_system japan international "5 INTELSAT (4 Pacific Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) earth stations; submarine cables to US (via Guam), Philippines, China, and Russia" );; line 57092 (wfb::radio japan broadcast_stations am 318 );; line 57098 (wfb::radio japan broadcast_stations fm 58 );; line 57098 (wfb::radio japan broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 57098 (wfb::radio japan radios 95e6 );; line 57100 (wfb::comment television japan broadcast_stations "1 kW or greater 196" );; line 57105 (wfb::television japan broadcast_stations 12350 );; line 57105 (wfb::television japan televisions 100e6 );; line 57107 (wfb::comment defense_branch japan japan_ground_self-defense_force_japan "Army" );; line 57113 (wfb::defense_branch japan japan_ground_self-defense_force_japan );; line 57113 (wfb::comment defense_branch japan japan_maritime_self-defense_force_japan "Navy" );; line 57113 (wfb::defense_branch japan japan_maritime_self-defense_force_japan );; line 57113 (wfb::comment defense_branch japan japan_air_self-defense_force_japan "Air Force" );; line 57113 (wfb::defense_branch japan japan_air_self-defense_force_japan );; line 57113 (wfb::manpower_availability japan "males age 15-49 31,947,532; males fit for military service 27,494,758; males reach military age (18) annually 910,970 (1995 est.)" );; line 57118 (wfb::for-fiscal-year defense_expenditures japan 95 );; line 57123 (wfb::defense_expenditures japan (* 47.2e9 $) );; line 57123 (wfb::defense_expenditures japan (* 1 %_of_gdp) );; line 57123 (wfb::markup-parameter figure jarvis_island "graphno=\"dq.tif\"" );; line 57129 (wfb::header jarvis_island "(territory of the US)" );; line 57129 (wfb::location jarvis_island "Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to the Cook Islands" );; line 57133 (wfb::map_references jarvis_island "Oceania" );; line 57138 (wfb::area jarvis_island total_area (* 4.5 sq_km) );; line 57143 (wfb::area jarvis_island land_area (* 4.5 sq_km) );; line 57145 (wfb::area jarvis_island comparative_area "about 7.5 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC" );; line 57147 (wfb::coastline jarvis_island (* 8 km) );; line 57155 (wfb::maritime_claims jarvis_island exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 57160 (wfb::maritime_claims jarvis_island territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 57162 (wfb::international_disputes jarvis_island "none" );; line 57166 (wfb::climate jarvis_island "tropical" );; line 57170 (wfb::climate jarvis_island "scant rainfall, constant wind, burning sun" );; line 57170 (wfb::terrain jarvis_island "sandy, coral island surrounded by a narrow fringing reef" );; line 57174 (wfb::natural-resource jarvis_island |guano (deposits worked until late 1800s)| );; line 57178 (wfb::land_use jarvis_island arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 57183 (wfb::land_use jarvis_island permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 57185 (wfb::land_use jarvis_island meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 57187 (wfb::land_use jarvis_island forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 57189 (wfb::land_use jarvis_island other (* 100 %) );; line 57191 (wfb::irrigated_land jarvis_island (* 0 sq_km) );; line 57195 (wfb::environment jarvis_island current_issues "no natural fresh water resources" );; line 57200 (wfb::environment jarvis_island natural_hazards "the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard" );; line 57202 (wfb::environment jarvis_island international_agreements "NA" );; line 57205 (wfb::note jarvis_island "sparse bunch grass, prostrate vines, and low-growing shrubs; primarily a nesting, roosting, and foraging habitat for seabirds, shorebirds, and marine wildlife; feral cats" );; line 57209 (wfb::names jarvis_island conventional_short_form "Jarvis Island" );; line 57229 (wfb::digraph jarvis_island "DQ" );; line 57233 (wfb::type jarvis_island "unincorporated territory of the US administered by the Fish and Wildlife Service of the US Department of the Interior as part of the National Wildlife Refuge System" );; line 57237 (wfb::overview jarvis_island "no economic activity" );; line 57248 (wfb::note jarvis_island "there is a day beacon near the middle of the west coast" );; line 57259 (wfb::note jarvis_island "defense is the responsibility of the US; visited annually by the US Coast Guard" );; line 57269 (wfb::markup-parameter figure jersey "graphno=\"je.tif\"" );; line 57276 (wfb::header jersey "(British crown dependency)" );; line 57276 (wfb::location jersey "Western Europe, island in the English Channel, northwest of France" );; line 57280 (wfb::map_references jersey "Europe" );; line 57285 (wfb::area jersey total_area (* 117 sq_km) );; line 57290 (wfb::area jersey land_area (* 117 sq_km) );; line 57292 (wfb::area jersey comparative_area "about 0.7 times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 57294 (wfb::coastline jersey (* 70 km) );; line 57302 (wfb::maritime_claims jersey exclusive_fishing_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 57307 (wfb::maritime_claims jersey territorial_sea (* 3 nm) );; line 57309 (wfb::international_disputes jersey "none" );; line 57313 (wfb::climate jersey "temperate" );; line 57317 (wfb::climate jersey "mild winters and cool summers" );; line 57317 (wfb::terrain jersey "gently rolling plain with low, rugged hills along north coast" );; line 57321 (wfb::natural-resource jersey agricultural_land );; line 57325 (wfb::land_use jersey arable_land (* 57 %) );; line 57330 (wfb::land_use jersey permanent_crops (* n/a %) );; line 57332 (wfb::land_use jersey meadows_and_pastures (* n/a %) );; line 57334 (wfb::land_use jersey forest_and_woodland (* n/a %) );; line 57336 (wfb::land_use jersey other (* n/a %) );; line 57338 (wfb::irrigated_land jersey (* n/a sq_km) );; line 57342 (wfb::environment jersey current_issues "NA" );; line 57347 (wfb::environment jersey natural_hazards "NA" );; line 57349 (wfb::environment jersey international_agreements "NA" );; line 57351 (wfb::note jersey "largest and southernmost of Channel Islands; about 30% of population concentrated in Saint Helier" );; line 57355 (wfb::estimation-date population jersey date_jul_1995 );; line 57362 (wfb::population jersey 86649 );; line 57362 (wfb::age_structure jersey 0-14_years (* 17 %) );; line 57367 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex jersey 0-14_years female 7029 );; line 57367 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex jersey 0-14_years male 7450 );; line 57367 (wfb::age_structure jersey 15-64_years (* 69 %) );; line 57369 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex jersey 15-64_years female 30156 );; line 57369 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex jersey 15-64_years male 29916 );; line 57369 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure jersey 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 57371 (wfb::age_structure jersey 65_years_and_over (* 14 %) );; line 57371 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex jersey 65_years_and_over female 7202 );; line 57371 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex jersey 65_years_and_over male 4896 );; line 57371 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate jersey date_1995 );; line 57375 (wfb::population_growth_rate jersey (* 0.7 %) );; line 57375 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate jersey date_1995 );; line 57379 (wfb::birth_rate jersey (* 12.83 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 57379 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate jersey date_1995 );; line 57383 (wfb::death_rate jersey (* 9.97 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 57383 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate jersey date_1995 );; line 57387 (wfb::net_migration_rate jersey (* 4.11 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 57387 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate jersey date_1995 );; line 57391 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate jersey (* 4.6 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 57391 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth jersey total_population (* 76.9 years) );; line 57396 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth jersey male (* 73.81 years) );; line 57398 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth jersey female date_1995 );; line 57400 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth jersey female (* 80.32 years) );; line 57400 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate jersey date_1995 );; line 57404 (wfb::total_fertility_rate jersey (* 1.44 children_born/woman) );; line 57404 (wfb::nationality jersey noun "Channel Islander(s)" );; line 57409 (wfb::nationality jersey adjective "Channel Islander" );; line 57411 (wfb::ethnic-entity jersey uk_and_norman-french_descent n/a );; line 57415 (wfb::religion jersey anglican n/a );; line 57419 (wfb::religion jersey roman_catholic n/a );; line 57419 (wfb::religion jersey baptist n/a );; line 57419 (wfb::religion jersey congregational_new_church n/a );; line 57419 (wfb::religion jersey methodist n/a );; line 57419 (wfb::religion jersey presbyterian n/a );; line 57419 (wfb::language jersey english n/a );; line 57424 (wfb::comment language jersey english "official" );; line 57424 (wfb::language jersey french n/a );; line 57424 (wfb::comment language jersey french "official" );; line 57424 (wfb::language jersey norman-french_dialect_spoken_in_country_districts n/a );; line 57424 (wfb::literacy-condition jersey "NA%" );; line 57429 (wfb::total_labor_force jersey n/a );; line 57433 (wfb::names jersey conventional_long_form "Bailiwick of Jersey" );; line 57439 (wfb::names jersey conventional_short_form "Jersey" );; line 57441 (wfb::digraph jersey "JE" );; line 57445 (wfb::type jersey "British crown dependency" );; line 57449 (wfb::capital jersey saint_helier-jersey );; line 57453 (wfb::comment independence jersey "British crown dependency" );; line 57461 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1945 );; line 57465 (wfb::comment national_holiday jersey "1945" );; line 57465 (wfb::national_holiday jersey "Liberation Day" date_9_may );; line 57465 (wfb::constitution jersey "unwritten; partly statutes, partly common law and practice" );; line 57469 (wfb::legal_system jersey "English law and local statute" );; line 57473 (wfb::comment suffrage jersey " universal adult" );; line 57477 (wfb::suffrage jersey (* n/a years_of_age) );; line 57477 (wfb::executive_branch jersey chief_of_state "Queen ELIZABETH II " date_6_feb_1952 );; line 57482 (wfb::comment executive_branch jersey head_of_government "Bailiff Sir Peter L. CRILL (since NA)" );; line 57484 (wfb::comment executive_branch jersey cabinet "appointed by the States" );; line 57487 (wfb::executive_branch jersey cabinet "committees" );; line 57487 (wfb::legislative_structure jersey unicameral n/a );; line 57491 (wfb::legislative_branch jersey "Assembly of the States" "elections last held NA (next to be held NA); results - no percent of vote by party since all are independents; seats - (56 total, 52 elected) 52 independents" );; line 57493 (wfb::judicial_branch jersey "Royal Court" );; line 57499 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders jersey "none; all independents" );; line 57503 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us jersey "none (British crown dependency)" );; line 57511 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation jersey "none (British crown dependency)" );; line 57515 (wfb::flag jersey "white with the diagonal red cross of Saint Patrick (patron saint of Ireland) extending to the corners of the flag" );; line 57519 (wfb::overview jersey "The economy is based largely on financial services, agriculture, and tourism. Potatoes, cauliflower, tomatoes, and especially flowers are important export crops, shipped mostly to the UK. The Jersey breed of dairy cattle is known worldwide and represents an important export earner. Milk products go to the UK and other EU countries. In 1986 the finance sector overtook tourism as the main contributor to GDP, accounting for 40% of the island's output. In recent years the government has encouraged light industry to locate in Jersey, with the result that an electronics industry has developed alongside the traditional manufacturing of knitwear. All raw material and energy requirements are imported, as well as a large share of Jersey's food needs." );; line 57525 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate jersey date_1987 );; line 57542 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate jersey (* 8 %) );; line 57542 (wfb::national_product_per_capita jersey (* n/a $) );; line 57546 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| jersey "8% (1988 est.)" );; line 57550 (wfb::unemployment_rate jersey (* n/a %) );; line 57554 (wfb::budget jersey revenues (* 308e6 $) );; line 57559 (wfb::measurement-date budget jersey date_1985 );; line 57561 (wfb::budget jersey expenditures (* 284.4e6 $) );; line 57561 (wfb::budget jersey capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 57561 (wfb::exports jersey (* n/a $) );; line 57565 (wfb::exports jersey commodities light_industrial_and_electrical_goods n/a );; line 57567 (wfb::exports jersey commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 57567 (wfb::exports jersey commodities textiles-commodity n/a );; line 57567 (wfb::imports jersey (* n/a $) );; line 57573 (wfb::imports jersey commodities machinery_and_transport_equipment n/a );; line 57575 (wfb::imports jersey commodities manufactured_goods n/a );; line 57575 (wfb::imports jersey commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 57575 (wfb::imports jersey commodities mineral_fuels n/a );; line 57575 (wfb::imports jersey commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 57575 (wfb::external_debt jersey (* n/a $) );; line 57582 (wfb::industrial_production jersey growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 57586 (wfb::electricity jersey capacity (* 50000 kw_standby) );; line 57591 (wfb::measurement-date electricity jersey consumption_per_capita date_1992 );; line 57595 (wfb::electricity jersey consumption_per_capita (* n/a kwh) );; line 57595 (wfb::industry jersey tourism );; line 57599 (wfb::industry jersey banking );; line 57599 (wfb::industry jersey finance );; line 57599 (wfb::industry jersey dairy );; line 57599 (wfb::agriculture jersey "potatoes, cauliflowers, tomatoes; dairy and cattle farming" );; line 57603 (wfb::economic_aid jersey "none" );; line 57607 (wfb::abbreviation jersey_pound "#J" );; line 57611 (wfb::currency jersey jersey_pound 100 pence );; line 57611 (wfb::exchange_rates jersey "Jersey pounds (#J) per US$1 - 0.6250 (January 1995), 0.6529 (1994), 0.6658 (1993), 0.5664 (1992), 0.5652 (1991), 0.5603 (1990); the Jersey pound is at par with the British pound" );; line 57615 (wfb::fiscal_year jersey date_1_apr date_31_mar );; line 57621 (wfb::railroads jersey "0 km" );; line 57626 (wfb::port jersey gorey-jersey );; line 57639 (wfb::port jersey saint_aubin-jersey );; line 57639 (wfb::port jersey saint_helier-jersey );; line 57639 (wfb::merchant_marine jersey "none" );; line 57643 (wfb::airports jersey total 1 );; line 57648 (wfb::airports jersey |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 1 );; line 57650 (wfb::telephone_system jersey "63,700 telephones" );; line 57655 (wfb::telephone_system jersey local "NA" );; line 57657 (wfb::telephone_system jersey intercity "NA" );; line 57659 (wfb::telephone_system jersey international "3 submarine cables" );; line 57661 (wfb::radio jersey broadcast_stations am 1 );; line 57666 (wfb::radio jersey broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 57666 (wfb::radio jersey broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 57666 (wfb::radio jersey radios n/a );; line 57668 (wfb::television jersey broadcast_stations 1 );; line 57673 (wfb::television jersey televisions n/a );; line 57675 (wfb::note jersey "defense is the responsibility of the UK" );; line 57681 (wfb::markup-parameter figure johnston_atoll "graphno=\"jq.tif\"" );; line 57687 (wfb::header johnston_atoll "(territory of the US)" );; line 57687 (wfb::location johnston_atoll "Oceania, atoll in the North Pacific Ocean, about one-third of the way from Hawaii to the Marshall Islands" );; line 57691 (wfb::map_references johnston_atoll "Oceania" );; line 57696 (wfb::area johnston_atoll total_area (* 2.8 sq_km) );; line 57701 (wfb::area johnston_atoll land_area (* 2.8 sq_km) );; line 57703 (wfb::area johnston_atoll comparative_area "about 4.7 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC" );; line 57705 (wfb::coastline johnston_atoll (* 10 km) );; line 57713 (wfb::maritime_claims johnston_atoll exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 57718 (wfb::maritime_claims johnston_atoll territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 57720 (wfb::international_disputes johnston_atoll "none" );; line 57724 (wfb::climate johnston_atoll "tropical, but generally dry" );; line 57728 (wfb::climate johnston_atoll "consistent northeast trade winds with little seasonal temperature variation" );; line 57728 (wfb::terrain johnston_atoll "mostly flat with a maximum elevation of 4 meters" );; line 57733 (wfb::natural-resource johnston_atoll |guano (deposits worked until about 1890)| );; line 57737 (wfb::land_use johnston_atoll arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 57742 (wfb::land_use johnston_atoll permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 57744 (wfb::land_use johnston_atoll meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 57746 (wfb::land_use johnston_atoll forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 57748 (wfb::land_use johnston_atoll other (* 100 %) );; line 57750 (wfb::irrigated_land johnston_atoll (* 0 sq_km) );; line 57754 (wfb::environment johnston_atoll current_issues "no natural fresh water resources" );; line 57759 (wfb::environment johnston_atoll natural_hazards "NA" );; line 57761 (wfb::environment johnston_atoll international_agreements "NA" );; line 57763 (wfb::note johnston_atoll "strategic location in the North Pacific Ocean; Johnston Island and Sand Island are natural islands; North Island (Akau) and East Island (Hikina) are manmade islands formed from coral dredging; closed to the public; former nuclear weapons test site; site of Johnston Atoll Chemical Agent Disposal System (JACADS); some low-growing vegetation" );; line 57767 (wfb::estimation-date population johnston_atoll date_jul_1995 );; line 57777 (wfb::population johnston_atoll 327 );; line 57777 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate johnston_atoll date_1995 );; line 57781 (wfb::population_growth_rate johnston_atoll (* 0 %) );; line 57781 (wfb::names johnston_atoll conventional_short_form "Johnston Atoll" );; line 57813 (wfb::digraph johnston_atoll "JQ" );; line 57817 (wfb::type johnston_atoll "unincorportated territory of the US administered by the US Defense Nuclear Agency (DNA) and managed cooperatively by DNA and the Fish and Wildlife Service of the US Department of the Interior as part of the National Wildlife Refuge system" );; line 57821 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us johnston_atoll "none (territory of the US)" );; line 57832 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation johnston_atoll "none (territory of the US)" );; line 57836 (wfb::flag johnston_atoll "the flag of the US is used" );; line 57840 (wfb::overview johnston_atoll "Economic activity is limited to providing services to US military personnel and contractors located on the island. All food and manufactured goods must be imported." );; line 57845 (wfb::railroads johnston_atoll "0 km" );; line 57856 (wfb::port johnston_atoll johnston_island-johnston_atoll );; line 57869 (wfb::airports johnston_atoll total 1 );; line 57874 (wfb::airports johnston_atoll |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 57876 (wfb::telephone_system johnston_atoll "NA telephones; excellent system including 60-channel submarine cable, Autodin/SRT terminal, digital telephone switch, Military Affiliated Radio System (MARS station), and UHF/VHF air-ground radio" );; line 57881 (wfb::telephone_system johnston_atoll local "NA" );; line 57885 (wfb::telephone_system johnston_atoll intercity "NA" );; line 57887 (wfb::telephone_system johnston_atoll international "NA" );; line 57889 (wfb::radio johnston_atoll radios n/a );; line 57896 (wfb::television johnston_atoll televisions n/a );; line 57903 (wfb::note johnston_atoll "defense is the responsibility of the US" );; line 57909 (wfb::markup-parameter figure jordan "graphno=\"jo.tif\"" );; line 57915 (wfb::header jordan "(also see separate West Bank entry)" );; line 57915 (wfb::location jordan "Middle East, northwest of Saudi Arabia" );; line 57920 (wfb::map_references jordan "Middle East" );; line 57924 (wfb::area jordan total_area (* 89213 sq_km) );; line 57929 (wfb::area jordan land_area (* 88884 sq_km) );; line 57931 (wfb::area jordan comparative_area "slightly smaller than Indiana" );; line 57933 (wfb::borders jordan total (* 1619 km) );; line 57937 (wfb::borders jordan iraq (* 181 km) );; line 57937 (wfb::borders jordan israel (* 238 km) );; line 57937 (wfb::borders jordan saudi_arabia (* 728 km) );; line 57937 (wfb::borders jordan syria (* 375 km) );; line 57937 (wfb::borders jordan west_bank (* 97 km) );; line 57937 (wfb::coastline jordan (* 26 km) );; line 57942 (wfb::maritime_claims jordan territorial_sea (* 3 nm) );; line 57947 (wfb::international_disputes jordan "none" );; line 57951 (wfb::climate jordan "mostly arid desert" );; line 57955 (wfb::climate jordan "rainy season in west (November to April)" );; line 57955 (wfb::terrain jordan "mostly desert plateau in east, highland area in west" );; line 57959 (wfb::terrain jordan "Great Rift Valley separates East and West Banks of the Jordan River" );; line 57959 (wfb::natural-resource jordan phosphates );; line 57964 (wfb::natural-resource jordan potash );; line 57964 (wfb::natural-resource jordan shale_oil );; line 57964 (wfb::land_use jordan arable_land (* 4 %) );; line 57969 (wfb::land_use jordan permanent_crops (* 0.5 %) );; line 57971 (wfb::land_use jordan meadows_and_pastures (* 1 %) );; line 57973 (wfb::land_use jordan forest_and_woodland (* 0.5 %) );; line 57975 (wfb::land_use jordan other (* 94 %) );; line 57977 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land jordan date_1989 );; line 57981 (wfb::irrigated_land jordan (* 570 sq_km) );; line 57981 (wfb::environment jordan current_issues "limited natural fresh water resources" );; line 57986 (wfb::environment jordan current_issues "deforestation" );; line 57986 (wfb::environment jordan current_issues "overgrazing" );; line 57986 (wfb::environment jordan current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 57986 (wfb::environment jordan current_issues "desertification" );; line 57986 (wfb::environment jordan natural_hazards "NA" );; line 57989 (wfb::environment jordan international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands" );; line 57991 (wfb::estimation-date population jordan date_jul_1995 );; line 57999 (wfb::population jordan 4100709 );; line 57999 (wfb::age_structure jordan 0-14_years (* 44 %) );; line 58004 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex jordan 0-14_years female 884462 );; line 58004 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex jordan 0-14_years male 930266 );; line 58004 (wfb::age_structure jordan 15-64_years (* 53 %) );; line 58006 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex jordan 15-64_years female 1058060 );; line 58006 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex jordan 15-64_years male 1119347 );; line 58006 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure jordan 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 58008 (wfb::age_structure jordan 65_years_and_over (* 3 %) );; line 58008 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex jordan 65_years_and_over female 53709 );; line 58008 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex jordan 65_years_and_over male 54865 );; line 58008 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate jordan date_1995 );; line 58012 (wfb::population_growth_rate jordan (* 2.69 %) );; line 58012 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate jordan date_1995 );; line 58016 (wfb::birth_rate jordan (* 37.32 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 58016 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate jordan date_1995 );; line 58020 (wfb::death_rate jordan (* 4.02 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 58020 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate jordan date_1995 );; line 58024 (wfb::net_migration_rate jordan (* -6.4 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 58024 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate jordan date_1995 );; line 58028 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate jordan (* 32.3 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 58028 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth jordan total_population (* 72.27 years) );; line 58033 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth jordan male (* 70.43 years) );; line 58035 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth jordan female date_1995 );; line 58037 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth jordan female (* 74.21 years) );; line 58037 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate jordan date_1995 );; line 58041 (wfb::total_fertility_rate jordan (* 5.25 children_born/woman) );; line 58041 (wfb::nationality jordan noun "Jordanian(s)" );; line 58046 (wfb::nationality jordan adjective "Jordanian" );; line 58048 (wfb::ethnic-entity jordan arab (* 98 %) );; line 58052 (wfb::ethnic-entity jordan circassian (* 1 %) );; line 58052 (wfb::ethnic-entity jordan armenian (* 1 %) );; line 58052 (wfb::religion jordan sunni_muslim (* 92 %) );; line 58056 (wfb::religion jordan christian (* 8 %) );; line 58056 (wfb::language jordan arabic n/a );; line 58060 (wfb::comment language jordan arabic "official" );; line 58060 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition jordan date_1991 );; line 58065 (wfb::literacy-condition jordan "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 58065 (wfb::literacy jordan total_population (* 83 %) );; line 58067 (wfb::literacy jordan male (* 91 %) );; line 58069 (wfb::literacy jordan female (* 75 %) );; line 58071 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force jordan date_1992 );; line 58075 (wfb::total_labor_force jordan 600000 );; line 58075 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force jordan by_occupation date_1992 );; line 58077 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1992 );; line 58077 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation jordan industry (* 11.4 %) );; line 58077 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation jordan commerce n/a );; line 58077 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation jordan restaurants n/a );; line 58077 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation jordan hotels (* 10.5 %) );; line 58077 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation jordan construction (* 10.0 %) );; line 58077 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation jordan transport_and_communications (* 8.7 %) );; line 58077 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation jordan agriculture (* 7.4 %) );; line 58077 (wfb::names jordan conventional_long_form "Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan" );; line 58085 (wfb::names jordan conventional_short_form "Jordan" );; line 58087 (wfb::names jordan local_long_form "Al Mamlakah al Urduniyah al Hashimiyah" );; line 58089 (wfb::names jordan local_short_form "Al Urdun" );; line 58091 (wfb::names jordan former "Transjordan" );; line 58093 (wfb::digraph jordan "JO" );; line 58097 (wfb::type jordan "constitutional monarchy" );; line 58101 (wfb::capital jordan amman-jordan );; line 58105 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_jordan_governorates "governorates" "muhafazat" "muhafazah" );; line 58109 (wfb::administrative_divisions jordan adm_div_jordan_governorates 8 );; line 58109 (wfb::administrative_division_of jordan adm_div_jordan_governorates "Al Balqa'" );; line 58109 (wfb::administrative_division_of jordan adm_div_jordan_governorates "Al Karak" );; line 58109 (wfb::administrative_division_of jordan adm_div_jordan_governorates "Al Mafraq" );; line 58109 (wfb::administrative_division_of jordan adm_div_jordan_governorates "'Amman" );; line 58109 (wfb::administrative_division_of jordan adm_div_jordan_governorates "At Tafilah" );; line 58109 (wfb::administrative_division_of jordan adm_div_jordan_governorates "Az Zarqa'" );; line 58109 (wfb::administrative_division_of jordan adm_div_jordan_governorates "Irbid" );; line 58109 (wfb::administrative_division_of jordan adm_div_jordan_governorates "Ma'an" );; line 58109 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1946 );; line 58119 (wfb::comment national_holiday jordan "1946" );; line 58119 (wfb::national_holiday jordan "Independence Day" date_25_may );; line 58119 (wfb::constitution jordan "8 January 1952" );; line 58123 (wfb::legal_system jordan "based on Islamic law and French codes; judicial review of legislative acts in a specially provided High Tribunal; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 58127 (wfb::comment suffrage jordan " universal" );; line 58133 (wfb::suffrage jordan (* 20 years_of_age) );; line 58133 (wfb::executive_branch jordan chief_of_state "King HUSSEIN Bin Talal Al Hashimi " date_11_aug_1952 );; line 58138 (wfb::executive_branch jordan head_of_government "Prime Minister Zayd BIN SHAKIR " date_8_jan_1995 );; line 58140 (wfb::executive_branch jordan cabinet "Cabinet appointed by the monarch" );; line 58142 (wfb::legislative_structure jordan bicameral "National Assembly (Majlis al-'Umma)" );; line 58146 (wfb::legislative_branch jordan "House of Notables (Majlis al-A'ayan)" "consists of a 40-member body appointed by the king from designated categories of public figures" );; line 58148 (wfb::legislative_branch jordan "House of Representatives" "elections last held 8 November 1993 (next to be held NA November 1997); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (80 total) Muslim Brotherhood (fundamentalist) 16, Independent Islamic bloc (generally traditionalist) 6, Radical leftist 3, pro-government 55" );; line 58151 (wfb::comment legislative_branch jordan "the House of Representatives has been convened and dissolved by the King several times since 1974 and in November 1989 the first parliamentary elections in 22 years were held" );; line 58156 (wfb::judicial_branch jordan "Court of Cassation" );; line 58162 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders jordan "Al-'Ahd (Pledge) Party, Sec. Gen. 'Abd al-Hadi al-MAJALI; Al-Ahrar (Liberals) Party, Sec. Gen. Ahmad al-ZU'BI; Al-Hurriyah (Freedom) Party, Sec. Gen. Fawwaz al-ZUBI; Al-Watan (Homeland) Party, leader 'Akif al-FAYIZ; Al-Yaqazah (Awakening) Party, Sec. Gen. 'Abd al-Ra'uf al-RAWABIDAH; Constitutional Jordanian Arab Front Party, leader Milhim al-TALL; Democratic Arab Islamic Movement Party-Du'a', Sec. Gen. Yusuf Abu BAKR; Democratic Arab Unionist Party-Wad, Sec. Gen. Anis al-MU'ASHIR; Islamic Action Front (IAF), Sec. Gen. Ishaq al-FARHAN; Jordanian Arab Democratic Party, Sec. Gen. Mu'nis al-RAZZAZ; Jordanian Arab Masses Party, Sec. Gen. 'Abd al-Khaliq SHATAT; Jordanian Arab Socialist Ba'th Party, Command First Secretary Taysir al-HIMSI; Jordanian Communist Party (JCP), Sec. Gen. Ya'qub ZAYADIN; Jordanian Democratic Popular Unity Party, Sec. Gen. 'Azmi al-KHAWAJA; Jordanian Democratic Progressive Party, Sec. Gen. 'Ali 'AMIR; Jordanian National Alliance Party, Sec. Gen. Mijhim al-KHURAYSHAH; Jordanian People's Democratic Party-Hashd, Sec. Gen. Taysir al-ZIBRI; Jordanian Socialist Democratic Party, Sec. Gen. 'Isa MADANAT; Pan-Arab Action Front Party, Sec. Gen. Muhammad al-ZU'BI; Popular Unity Party-the Unionists, Sec. Gen. Talal al-RAMAHI; Progress and Justice Party, Sec. Gen. 'Ali al-SA'D; Progressive Arab Ba'th Party, Command Secretary Mahmud al-MA'AYITAH; Al-Mustaqbal (Future) Party, Sec. Gen. Sulayman 'ARAR" );; line 58166 (wfb::member_of jordan abeda );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan acc );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan afesd );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan al );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan amf );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan caeu );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan ccc );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan escwa );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan fao );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan g-77 );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan iaea );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan ibrd );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan icao );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan icc );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan icrm );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan ida );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan idb );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan ifad );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan ifc );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan ifrcs );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan ilo );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan imf );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan imo );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan intelsat );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan interpol );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan ioc );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan iom );; line 58188 (wfb::comment member_of jordan iom "observer" );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan iso );; line 58188 (wfb::comment member_of jordan iso "correspondent" );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan itu );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan nam );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan oic );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan pca );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan un );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan unavem_ii );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan unctad );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan unesco );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan unido );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan unomil );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan unomoz );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan unprofor );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan unrwa );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan upu );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan wftu );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan who );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan wipo );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan wmo );; line 58188 (wfb::member_of jordan wto );; line 58188 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us jordan chief_of_mission "Ambassador Fayiz A. TARAWNEH" );; line 58197 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us jordan chancery "3504 International Drive NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 58199 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us jordan telephone "[1] (202) 966-2664" );; line 58201 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us jordan fax "[1] (202) 966-3110" );; line 58203 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation jordan chief_of_mission "Ambassador Wesley E. EGAN, Jr." );; line 58208 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation jordan embassy "Jabel Amman, Amman" );; line 58210 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation jordan mailing_address "P. O. Box 354, Amman 11118 Jordan; APO AE 09892-0200" );; line 58212 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation jordan telephone "[962] (6) 820101" );; line 58214 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation jordan fax "[962] (6) 820159" );; line 58216 (wfb::flag jordan "three equal horizontal bands of black (top), white, and green with a red isosceles triangle based on the hoist side bearing a small white seven-pointed star; the seven points on the star represent the seven fundamental laws of the Koran" );; line 58220 (wfb::overview jordan "Jordan benefited from increased Arab aid during the oil boom of the late 1970s and early 1980s, when its annual real GNP growth averaged more than 10%. In the remainder of the 1980s, however, reductions in both Arab aid and worker remittances slowed real economic growth to an average of roughly 2% per year. Imports - mainly oil, capital goods, consumer durables, and food - outstripped exports, with the difference covered by aid, remittances, and borrowing. In mid-1989, the Jordanian Government began debt-rescheduling negotiations and agreed to implement an IMF-supported program designed to gradually reduce the budget deficit and implement badly needed structural reforms. The Persian Gulf crisis that began in August 1990, however, aggravated Jordan's already serious economic problems, forcing the government to shelve the IMF program, stop most debt payments, and suspend rescheduling negotiations. Aid from Gulf Arab states, worker remittances, and trade contracted; and refugees flooded the country, producing serious balance-of-payments problems, stunting GDP growth, and straining government resources. The economy rebounded in 1992, largely due to the influx of capital repatriated by workers returning from the Gulf, but the recovery was uneven throughout 1994. The government is implementing the reform program adopted in 1992 and continues to secure rescheduling and write-offs of its heavy foreign debt. Debt, poverty, and unemployment remain Jordan's biggest on-going problems." );; line 58228 (wfb::estimation-date national_product jordan date_1994 );; line 58251 (wfb::national_product jordan (* 17e9 $) );; line 58251 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate jordan date_1994 );; line 58255 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate jordan (* 5.5 %) );; line 58255 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita jordan date_1994 );; line 58259 (wfb::national_product_per_capita jordan (* 4280 $) );; line 58259 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| jordan "6% (1994 est.)" );; line 58263 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate jordan date_1994 );; line 58267 (wfb::unemployment_rate jordan (* 16 %) );; line 58267 (wfb::budget jordan revenues (* 2e9 $) );; line 58272 (wfb::estimation-date budget jordan date_1995 );; line 58274 (wfb::budget jordan expenditures (* 2.4e9 $) );; line 58274 (wfb::budget jordan capital_expenditures (* 630e6 $) );; line 58274 (wfb::exports jordan (* 1.4e9 $) );; line 58279 (wfb::exports jordan commodities phosphates-commodity n/a );; line 58281 (wfb::exports jordan commodities fertilizers-commodity n/a );; line 58281 (wfb::exports jordan commodities potash-commodity n/a );; line 58281 (wfb::exports jordan commodities agricultural_products n/a );; line 58281 (wfb::exports jordan commodities manufactures n/a );; line 58281 (wfb::exports jordan partners india n/a );; line 58284 (wfb::exports jordan partners iraq n/a );; line 58284 (wfb::exports jordan partners saudi_arabia n/a );; line 58284 (wfb::exports jordan partners eu n/a );; line 58284 (wfb::exports jordan partners indonesia n/a );; line 58284 (wfb::exports jordan partners uae n/a );; line 58284 (wfb::imports jordan (* 3.5e9 $) );; line 58288 (wfb::imports jordan commodities crude_oil n/a );; line 58290 (wfb::imports jordan commodities machinery n/a );; line 58290 (wfb::imports jordan commodities transport_equipment n/a );; line 58290 (wfb::imports jordan commodities food n/a );; line 58290 (wfb::imports jordan commodities live_animals n/a );; line 58290 (wfb::imports jordan commodities manufactured_goods n/a );; line 58290 (wfb::imports jordan partners eu n/a );; line 58293 (wfb::imports jordan partners us n/a );; line 58293 (wfb::imports jordan partners iraq n/a );; line 58293 (wfb::imports jordan partners japan n/a );; line 58293 (wfb::imports jordan partners turkey n/a );; line 58293 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt jordan date_mar_1995 );; line 58297 (wfb::external_debt jordan (* 6e9 $) );; line 58297 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 58301 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production jordan date_1993 );; line 58301 (wfb::industrial_production jordan growth_rate (* 3 %) );; line 58301 (wfb::industrial_production jordan accounts_for (* 20 %_of_gdp) );; line 58301 (wfb::electricity jordan capacity (* 1050000 kw) );; line 58306 (wfb::electricity jordan production (* 4.2e9 kwh) );; line 58308 (wfb::measurement-date electricity jordan consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 58310 (wfb::electricity jordan consumption_per_capita (* 1072 kwh) );; line 58310 (wfb::industry jordan phosphate_mining );; line 58314 (wfb::industry jordan petroleum_refining );; line 58314 (wfb::industry jordan cement );; line 58314 (wfb::industry jordan potash-industry );; line 58314 (wfb::industry jordan light_manufacturing );; line 58314 (wfb::agriculture jordan "accounts for about 8% of GDP; wheat, barley, citrus fruit, tomatoes, melons, olives; sheep, goats, poultry; large net importer of food" );; line 58319 (wfb::economic_aid jordan recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $1.7 billion; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $1.5 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $9.5 billion; Communist countries (1970-89), $44 million" );; line 58325 (wfb::abbreviation jordanian_dinar "JD" );; line 58332 (wfb::currency jordan jordanian_dinar 1000 fils );; line 58332 (wfb::exchange_rates jordan "Jordanian dinars (JD) per US$1 - 0.6994 (January 1995), 0.5987 (1994), 0.6928 (1993), 0.6797 (1992), 0.6808 (1991), 0.6636 (1990)" );; line 58336 (wfb::fiscal_year jordan date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 58341 (wfb::railroads jordan total "789 km" );; line 58347 (wfb::railroads jordan narrow_gauge "789 km 1.050-m gauge" );; line 58349 (wfb::highways jordan total (* 7500 km) );; line 58354 (wfb::highways jordan asphalt (* 5500 km) );; line 58356 (wfb::highways jordan (union gravel crushed_stone ) (* 2000 km) );; line 58358 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 209 km) );; line 58362 (wfb::port jordan |Al'Aqabah-jordan| );; line 58366 (wfb::merchant_marine jordan total "2 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 61,678 GRT/113,080 DWT" );; line 58371 (wfb::merchant_marine jordan ships_by_type "bulk 1, oil tanker 1" );; line 58373 (wfb::airports jordan total 17 );; line 58378 (wfb::airports jordan |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 9 );; line 58380 (wfb::airports jordan |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 4 );; line 58382 (wfb::airports jordan |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 58384 (wfb::airports jordan with_paved_runways_under_914_m 2 );; line 58386 (wfb::airports jordan |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 58388 (wfb::telephone_system jordan "81,500 telephones; adequate telephone system" );; line 58393 (wfb::telephone_system jordan local "NA microwave, cable, and radio links" );; line 58395 (wfb::telephone_system jordan intercity "NA" );; line 58397 (wfb::telephone_system jordan international "2 INTELSAT (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) and 1 ARABSAT earth station; coaxial cable and microwave to Iraq, Saudi Arabia, and Syria; microwave link to Lebanon is inactive; participant in MEDARABTEL, a microwave radio relay network linking Syria, Jordan, Egypt, Libya, Tunisia, Algeria, and Morocco" );; line 58399 (wfb::radio jordan broadcast_stations am 5 );; line 58408 (wfb::radio jordan broadcast_stations fm 7 );; line 58408 (wfb::radio jordan broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 58408 (wfb::radio jordan radios n/a );; line 58410 (wfb::television jordan televisions n/a );; line 58417 (wfb::comment defense_branch jordan jordanian_armed_forces_jordan "JAF; includes Royal Jordanian Land Force, Royal Naval Force, and Royal Jordanian Air Force" );; line 58423 (wfb::defense_branch jordan jordanian_armed_forces_jordan );; line 58423 (wfb::comment defense_branch jordan |Ministry of the Interior's Public Security Force_jordan| "falls under JAF only in wartime or crisis situations" );; line 58423 (wfb::defense_branch jordan |Ministry of the Interior's Public Security Force_jordan| );; line 58423 (wfb::manpower_availability jordan "males age 15-49 981,004; males fit for military service 699,891; males reach military age (18) annually 45,494 (1995 est.)" );; line 58430 (wfb::estimation-date defense_expenditures jordan date_1995 );; line 58435 (wfb::defense_expenditures jordan (* 564.2e6 $) );; line 58435 (wfb::defense_expenditures jordan (* 9.1 %_of_gdp) );; line 58435 (wfb::markup-parameter figure juan_de_nova_island "graphno=\"ju.tif\"" );; line 58442 (wfb::header juan_de_nova_island "(possession of France)" );; line 58442 (wfb::location juan_de_nova_island "Southern Africa, island in the Mozambique Channel, about one-third of the way between Madagascar and Mozambique" );; line 58446 (wfb::map_references juan_de_nova_island "Africa" );; line 58451 (wfb::area juan_de_nova_island total_area (* 4.4 sq_km) );; line 58456 (wfb::area juan_de_nova_island land_area (* 4.4 sq_km) );; line 58458 (wfb::area juan_de_nova_island comparative_area "about 7.5 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC" );; line 58460 (wfb::coastline juan_de_nova_island (* 24.1 km) );; line 58468 (wfb::maritime_claims juan_de_nova_island contiguous_zone (* 12 nm) );; line 58473 (wfb::maritime_claims juan_de_nova_island exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 58477 (wfb::maritime_claims juan_de_nova_island territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 58479 (wfb::international_disputes juan_de_nova_island "claimed by Madagascar" );; line 58483 (wfb::climate juan_de_nova_island "tropical" );; line 58487 (wfb::terrain juan_de_nova_island "NA" );; line 58491 (wfb::natural-resource juan_de_nova_island guano_deposits_and_other_fertilizers );; line 58495 (wfb::land_use juan_de_nova_island arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 58500 (wfb::land_use juan_de_nova_island permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 58502 (wfb::land_use juan_de_nova_island meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 58504 (wfb::land_use juan_de_nova_island forest_and_woodland (* 90 %) );; line 58506 (wfb::land_use juan_de_nova_island other (* 10 %) );; line 58508 (wfb::irrigated_land juan_de_nova_island (* 0 sq_km) );; line 58512 (wfb::environment juan_de_nova_island current_issues "NA" );; line 58517 (wfb::environment juan_de_nova_island natural_hazards "periodic cyclones" );; line 58519 (wfb::environment juan_de_nova_island international_agreements "NA" );; line 58521 (wfb::note juan_de_nova_island "wildlife sanctuary" );; line 58525 (wfb::names juan_de_nova_island conventional_short_form "Juan de Nova Island" );; line 58539 (wfb::names juan_de_nova_island local_short_form "Ile Juan de Nova" );; line 58543 (wfb::digraph juan_de_nova_island "JU" );; line 58547 (wfb::type juan_de_nova_island "French possession administered by Commissioner of the Republic, resident in Reunion" );; line 58551 (wfb::comment independence juan_de_nova_island "possession of France" );; line 58560 (wfb::overview juan_de_nova_island "no economic activity" );; line 58565 (wfb::railroads juan_de_nova_island total "NA km; short line going to a jetty" );; line 58571 (wfb::airports juan_de_nova_island total 1 );; line 58580 (wfb::airports juan_de_nova_island |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 58582 (wfb::note juan_de_nova_island "defense is the responsibility of France" );; line 58592 (wfb::markup-parameter figure kazakhstan "graphno=\"kz.tif\"" );; line 58599 (wfb::location kazakhstan "Central Asia, northwest of China" );; line 58603 (wfb::map_references kazakhstan "Commonwealth of Independent States - Central Asian States" );; line 58607 (wfb::area kazakhstan total_area (* 2717300 sq_km) );; line 58612 (wfb::area kazakhstan land_area (* 2669800 sq_km) );; line 58614 (wfb::area kazakhstan comparative_area "slightly less than four times the size of Texas" );; line 58616 (wfb::borders kazakhstan total (* 12012 km) );; line 58620 (wfb::borders kazakhstan china (* 1533 km) );; line 58620 (wfb::borders kazakhstan kyrgyzstan (* 1051 km) );; line 58620 (wfb::borders kazakhstan russia (* 6846 km) );; line 58620 (wfb::borders kazakhstan turkmenistan (* 379 km) );; line 58620 (wfb::borders kazakhstan uzbekistan (* 2203 km) );; line 58620 (wfb::comment coastline kazakhstan "landlocked" );; line 58625 (wfb::coastline kazakhstan (* 0 km) );; line 58625 (wfb::comment coastline kazakhstan "Kazakhstan borders the Aral Sea (1,015 km) and the Caspian Sea (1,894 km)" );; line 58627 (wfb::maritime_claims kazakhstan "none; landlocked" );; line 58632 (wfb::international_disputes kazakhstan "Caspian Sea boundaries are not yet determined" );; line 58636 (wfb::climate kazakhstan "continental, cold winters and hot summers, arid and semiarid" );; line 58640 (wfb::terrain kazakhstan "extends from the Volga to the Altai Mountains and from the plains in western Siberia to oasis and desert in Central Asia" );; line 58644 (wfb::natural-resource kazakhstan major_deposits_of_petroleum );; line 58649 (wfb::natural-resource kazakhstan coal );; line 58649 (wfb::natural-resource kazakhstan iron_ore );; line 58649 (wfb::natural-resource kazakhstan manganese );; line 58649 (wfb::natural-resource kazakhstan chrome_ore );; line 58649 (wfb::natural-resource kazakhstan nickel );; line 58649 (wfb::natural-resource kazakhstan cobalt );; line 58649 (wfb::natural-resource kazakhstan copper );; line 58649 (wfb::natural-resource kazakhstan molybdenum );; line 58649 (wfb::natural-resource kazakhstan lead );; line 58649 (wfb::natural-resource kazakhstan zinc );; line 58649 (wfb::natural-resource kazakhstan bauxite );; line 58649 (wfb::natural-resource kazakhstan gold );; line 58649 (wfb::natural-resource kazakhstan uranium );; line 58649 (wfb::land_use kazakhstan arable_land (* 15 %) );; line 58656 (wfb::land_use kazakhstan meadows_and_pastures (* 57 %) );; line 58660 (wfb::land_use kazakhstan forest_and_woodland (* 4 %) );; line 58662 (wfb::land_use kazakhstan other (* 24 %) );; line 58664 (wfb::measurement-date irrigated_land kazakhstan date_1990 );; line 58668 (wfb::irrigated_land kazakhstan (* 23080 sq_km) );; line 58668 (wfb::environment kazakhstan current_issues "radioactive or toxic chemical sites associated with its former defense industries and test ranges are found throughout the country and pose health risks for humans and animals" );; line 58673 (wfb::environment kazakhstan current_issues "industrial pollution is severe in some cities" );; line 58673 (wfb::environment kazakhstan current_issues "because the two main rivers which flowed into the Aral Sea have been diverted for irrigation, it is drying up and leaving behind a harmful layer of chemical pesticides and natural salts" );; line 58673 (wfb::environment kazakhstan current_issues "these substances are then picked up by the wind and blown into noxious dust storms" );; line 58673 (wfb::environment kazakhstan current_issues "pollution in the Caspian Sea" );; line 58673 (wfb::environment kazakhstan current_issues "soil pollution from overuse of agricultural chemicals and salinization from faulty irrigation practices" );; line 58673 (wfb::environment kazakhstan natural_hazards "NA" );; line 58683 (wfb::environment kazakhstan international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Ship Pollution" );; line 58685 (wfb::environment kazakhstan international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Climate Change, Desertification" );; line 58685 (wfb::note kazakhstan "landlocked" );; line 58690 (wfb::estimation-date population kazakhstan date_jul_1995 );; line 58696 (wfb::population kazakhstan 17376615 );; line 58696 (wfb::age_structure kazakhstan 0-14_years (* 30 %) );; line 58701 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex kazakhstan 0-14_years female 2589509 );; line 58701 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex kazakhstan 0-14_years male 2664952 );; line 58701 (wfb::age_structure kazakhstan 15-64_years (* 63 %) );; line 58703 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex kazakhstan 15-64_years female 5531519 );; line 58703 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex kazakhstan 15-64_years male 5371563 );; line 58703 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure kazakhstan 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 58705 (wfb::age_structure kazakhstan 65_years_and_over (* 7 %) );; line 58705 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex kazakhstan 65_years_and_over female 820900 );; line 58705 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex kazakhstan 65_years_and_over male 398172 );; line 58705 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate kazakhstan date_1995 );; line 58709 (wfb::population_growth_rate kazakhstan (* 0.62 %) );; line 58709 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate kazakhstan date_1995 );; line 58713 (wfb::birth_rate kazakhstan (* 19.26 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 58713 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate kazakhstan date_1995 );; line 58717 (wfb::death_rate kazakhstan (* 7.93 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 58717 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate kazakhstan date_1995 );; line 58721 (wfb::net_migration_rate kazakhstan (* -5.11 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 58721 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate kazakhstan date_1995 );; line 58725 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate kazakhstan (* 40 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 58725 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth kazakhstan total_population (* 68.25 years) );; line 58730 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth kazakhstan male (* 63.61 years) );; line 58732 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth kazakhstan female date_1995 );; line 58734 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth kazakhstan female (* 73.13 years) );; line 58734 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate kazakhstan date_1995 );; line 58738 (wfb::total_fertility_rate kazakhstan (* 2.43 children_born/woman) );; line 58738 (wfb::nationality kazakhstan noun "Kazakhstani(s)" );; line 58743 (wfb::nationality kazakhstan adjective "Kazakhstani" );; line 58745 (wfb::comment ethnic_divisions kazakhstan "1991 official data" );; line 58749 (wfb::ethnic-entity kazakhstan |Kazakh (Qazaq)| (* 41.9 %) );; line 58749 (wfb::ethnic-entity kazakhstan russian (* 37 %) );; line 58749 (wfb::ethnic-entity kazakhstan ukrainian (* 5.2 %) );; line 58749 (wfb::ethnic-entity kazakhstan german-ethnic-entity (* 4.7 %) );; line 58749 (wfb::ethnic-entity kazakhstan uzbek (* 2.1 %) );; line 58749 (wfb::ethnic-entity kazakhstan tatar (* 2 %) );; line 58749 (wfb::religion kazakhstan muslim (* 47 %) );; line 58754 (wfb::religion kazakhstan russian_orthodox (* 44 %) );; line 58754 (wfb::religion kazakhstan protestant (* 2 %) );; line 58754 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition kazakhstan date_1989 );; line 58764 (wfb::literacy-condition kazakhstan "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 58764 (wfb::literacy kazakhstan total_population (* 98 %) );; line 58766 (wfb::literacy kazakhstan male (* 99 %) );; line 58768 (wfb::literacy kazakhstan female (* 96 %) );; line 58770 (wfb::total_labor_force kazakhstan 7.356e6 );; line 58774 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force kazakhstan by_occupation date_1992 );; line 58776 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1992 );; line 58776 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation kazakhstan industry_and_construction (* 31 %) );; line 58776 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation kazakhstan agriculture_and_forestry (* 26 %) );; line 58776 (wfb::names kazakhstan conventional_long_form "Republic of Kazakhstan" );; line 58783 (wfb::names kazakhstan conventional_short_form "Kazakhstan" );; line 58785 (wfb::names kazakhstan local_long_form "Qazaqstan Respublikasy" );; line 58787 (wfb::names kazakhstan former "Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic" );; line 58791 (wfb::digraph kazakhstan "KZ" );; line 58795 (wfb::type kazakhstan "republic" );; line 58799 (wfb::capital kazakhstan almaty-kazakhstan );; line 58803 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_kazakhstan_oblystar "oblystar" "oblystar" "oblys" );; line 58807 (wfb::administrative_divisions kazakhstan adm_div_kazakhstan_oblystar 19 );; line 58807 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_kazakhstan_city "city" "qalalar" "qala" );; line 58807 (wfb::administrative_divisions kazakhstan adm_div_kazakhstan_city 1 );; line 58807 (wfb::administrative_division_of kazakhstan adm_div_kazakhstan_city "Almaty Qalasy" );; line 58807 (wfb::administrative_division_of kazakhstan adm_div_kazakhstan_oblystar "Almaty Oblysy" );; line 58807 (wfb::administrative_division_of kazakhstan adm_div_kazakhstan_oblystar "Aqmola Oblysy" );; line 58807 (wfb::administrative_division_of kazakhstan adm_div_kazakhstan_oblystar "Aqtobe Oblysy" );; line 58807 (wfb::administrative_division_of kazakhstan adm_div_kazakhstan_oblystar "Atyrau Oblysy" );; line 58807 (wfb::administrative_division_of kazakhstan adm_div_kazakhstan_oblystar "Batys Qazaqstan Oblysy (Oral)" );; line 58807 (wfb::administrative_division_of kazakhstan adm_div_kazakhstan_oblystar "Kokshetau Oblysy" );; line 58807 (wfb::administrative_division_of kazakhstan adm_div_kazakhstan_oblystar "Mangghystau Oblysy (Aqtau)" );; line 58807 (wfb::administrative_division_of kazakhstan adm_div_kazakhstan_oblystar "Ongtustik Qazaqstan Oblysy (Shymkent)" );; line 58807 (wfb::administrative_division_of kazakhstan adm_div_kazakhstan_oblystar "Qaraghandy Oblysy" );; line 58807 (wfb::administrative_division_of kazakhstan adm_div_kazakhstan_oblystar "Qostanay Oblysy" );; line 58807 (wfb::administrative_division_of kazakhstan adm_div_kazakhstan_oblystar "Qyzylorda Oblysy" );; line 58807 (wfb::administrative_division_of kazakhstan adm_div_kazakhstan_oblystar "Pavlodar Oblysy" );; line 58807 (wfb::administrative_division_of kazakhstan adm_div_kazakhstan_oblystar "Semey Oblysy" );; line 58807 (wfb::comment administrative_divisions kazakhstan "names in parentheses are administrative centers when name differs from oblys name" );; line 58816 (wfb::independence kazakhstan date_16_dec_1991 "the Soviet Union" );; line 58821 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1991 );; line 58825 (wfb::comment national_holiday kazakhstan "1991" );; line 58825 (wfb::national_holiday kazakhstan "Independence Day" date_16_dec );; line 58825 (wfb::constitution kazakhstan "adopted 28 January 1993" );; line 58829 (wfb::legal_system kazakhstan "based on civil law system" );; line 58833 (wfb::comment suffrage kazakhstan " universal" );; line 58837 (wfb::suffrage kazakhstan (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 58837 (wfb::comment executive_branch kazakhstan chief_of_state "Vice President Yerik ASANBAYEV (since 1 December 1991)" );; line 58842 (wfb::comment executive_branch kazakhstan chief_of_state "election last held 1 December 1991 (next to be held NA 1996)" );; line 58842 (wfb::comment executive_branch kazakhstan chief_of_state "results - Nursultan A. NAZARBAYEV ran unopposed" );; line 58842 (wfb::comment executive_branch kazakhstan chief_of_state "note - NAZARBAYEV has extended his term to the year 2000 by a nationwide referendum held 30 April 1995" );; line 58842 (wfb::executive_branch kazakhstan chief_of_state "President Nursultan NAZARBAYEV " date_apr_1990 );; line 58842 (wfb::comment executive_branch kazakhstan head_of_government "First Deputy Prime Ministers Nigmatzhan ISINGARIN (since 12 October 1994) and Vitalia METTE (since March 1995)" );; line 58848 (wfb::executive_branch kazakhstan head_of_government "Prime Minister Akezhan KAZHEGELDIN " date_12_oct_1994 );; line 58848 (wfb::comment executive_branch kazakhstan cabinet "appointed by the prime minister" );; line 58852 (wfb::executive_branch kazakhstan cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 58852 (wfb::legislative_structure kazakhstan unicameral n/a );; line 58856 (wfb::legislative_branch kazakhstan "Supreme Council" "elections last held 7 March 1994 (next to be held NA 1999); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (177 total) Union Peoples' Unity of Kazakhstan 33, Confederation of Trade Unions of the Republic of Kazakhstan 11, Peoples' Congress of Kazakhstan Party 9, Socialist Party of Kazakhstan 8, Peasant Union of the Republic Kazakhstan 4, Social Movement LAD 4, Organization of Veterans 1, Union of Youth of Kazakhstan 1, Democratic Committee for Human Rights 1, Association of Lawyers of Kazakhstan 1, International Public Committee \"Aral-Asia-Kazakhstan\" 1, Congress of Entrepreneurs of Kazakhstan 1, Deputies of the 12th Supreme Soviet 40, independents 62" );; line 58858 (wfb::comment legislative_branch kazakhstan "the Supreme Council disbanded 12 March 1995 following a Constitutional Court ruling that the March 1994 elections were invalid" );; line 58868 (wfb::judicial_branch kazakhstan "Supreme Court" );; line 58873 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders kazakhstan "People's Unity Party (PUP; was Union of People's Unity), Kuanysh SULTANOV, chairman; People's Congress of Kazakhstan (PCK), Olzhas SULEYMENOV, chairman; Socialist Party of Kazakhstan (SPK; former Communist Party), Yermukhamet YERTYSHBAYEV, co-chairman; Republican Party (Azat), Kamal ORMANTAYEV, chairman; Democratic Progress (Russian) Party, Alexandra DOKUCHAYEVA, chairman; Confederation of Trade Unions of the Republic of Kazakhstan; Peasant Union of the Republic Kazakhstan (KPU); Social Movement LAD, V. MIKHAYLOV, chairman; Union of Youth of Kazakhstan; Democratic Committee for Human Rights; Association of Lawyers of Kazakhstan; International Public Committee \"Aral-Asia-Kazakhstan\"; Congress of Entrepreneurs of Kazakhstan; Deputies of the 12th Supreme Soviet; People's Cooperative Party, Umirzak SARSENOV, chairman; Organization of Veterans" );; line 58877 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups kazakhstan "Independent Trade Union Center (Birlesu; an association of independent trade union and business associations), Leonid SOLOMIN, president" );; line 58892 (wfb::member_of kazakhstan asdb );; line 58897 (wfb::member_of kazakhstan ccc );; line 58897 (wfb::member_of kazakhstan cis );; line 58897 (wfb::member_of kazakhstan ebrd );; line 58897 (wfb::member_of kazakhstan eco );; line 58897 (wfb::member_of kazakhstan escap );; line 58897 (wfb::member_of kazakhstan iaea );; line 58897 (wfb::member_of kazakhstan ibrd );; line 58897 (wfb::member_of kazakhstan icao );; line 58897 (wfb::member_of kazakhstan ida );; line 58897 (wfb::member_of kazakhstan ifc );; line 58897 (wfb::member_of kazakhstan ilo );; line 58897 (wfb::member_of kazakhstan imf );; line 58897 (wfb::member_of kazakhstan imo );; line 58897 (wfb::member_of kazakhstan intelsat );; line 58897 (wfb::comment member_of kazakhstan intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 58897 (wfb::member_of kazakhstan interpol );; line 58897 (wfb::member_of kazakhstan ioc );; line 58897 (wfb::member_of kazakhstan itu );; line 58897 (wfb::member_of kazakhstan nacc );; line 58897 (wfb::member_of kazakhstan oic );; line 58897 (wfb::comment member_of kazakhstan oic "observer" );; line 58897 (wfb::member_of kazakhstan osce );; line 58897 (wfb::member_of kazakhstan pfp );; line 58897 (wfb::member_of kazakhstan un );; line 58897 (wfb::member_of kazakhstan unctad );; line 58897 (wfb::member_of kazakhstan unesco );; line 58897 (wfb::member_of kazakhstan upu );; line 58897 (wfb::member_of kazakhstan who );; line 58897 (wfb::member_of kazakhstan wipo );; line 58897 (wfb::member_of kazakhstan wmo );; line 58897 (wfb::member_of kazakhstan wto );; line 58897 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us kazakhstan chief_of_mission "Ambassador Tuleutai S. SULEYMENOV" );; line 58904 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us kazakhstan chancery "(temporary) 3421 Massachusetts Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 58906 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us kazakhstan telephone "[1] (202) 333-4504 through 4507" );; line 58908 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us kazakhstan fax "[1] (202) 333-4509" );; line 58910 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation kazakhstan chief_of_mission "Ambassador William H. COURTNEY" );; line 58915 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation kazakhstan embassy "99/97 Furmanova Street, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan 480012" );; line 58917 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation kazakhstan mailing_address "use embassy street address" );; line 58919 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation kazakhstan telephone "[7] (3272) 63-24-26" );; line 58921 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation kazakhstan fax "[7] (3272) 63-38-83" );; line 58923 (wfb::flag kazakhstan "sky blue background representing the endless sky and a gold sun with 32 rays soaring above a golden steppe eagle in the center; on the hoist side is a \"national ornamentation\" in yellow" );; line 58927 (wfb::overview kazakhstan "Kazakhstan, the second largest of the former Soviet states in territory, possesses enormous untapped fossil-fuel reserves as well as plentiful supplies of other minerals and metals. It also has considerable agricultural potential with its vast steppe lands accommodating both livestock and grain production. Kazakhstan's industrial sector rests on the extraction and processing of these natural resources and also on a relatively large machine building sector specializing in construction equipment, tractors, agricultural machinery, and some defense items. The breakup of the USSR and the collapse of demand for Kazakhstan's traditional heavy industry products have resulted in a sharp contraction of the economy since 1991, with the steepest annual decline occurring in 1994. The government has pursued a moderate program of economic reform and privatization which is gradually lifting state controls over economic activity and shifting assets into the private sector. Nevertheless, government control over key sectors of the economy remains strong. Sustained economic hardships and continued pressures from industrial elites will make it difficult for the government to sustain its policies of monetary and fiscal discipline which had brought down inflation by the end of 1994. Continued lack of pipeline transportation for expanded oil exports has closed off a likely source of economic recovery." );; line 58934 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate kazakhstan date_1994 );; line 58961 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate kazakhstan (* -25 %) );; line 58961 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita kazakhstan date_1994 );; line 58965 (wfb::national_product_per_capita kazakhstan (* 3200 $) );; line 58965 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| kazakhstan "24% per month (1994 est.)" );; line 58969 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate kazakhstan date_1994 );; line 58973 (wfb::budget kazakhstan revenues (* n/a $) );; line 58979 (wfb::budget kazakhstan expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 58981 (wfb::budget kazakhstan capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 58981 (wfb::measurement-date exports kazakhstan date_1994 );; line 58985 (wfb::exports kazakhstan (* 3.1e9 $) );; line 58985 (wfb::exports kazakhstan commodities oil-commodity n/a );; line 58987 (wfb::exports kazakhstan commodities ferrous_and_nonferrous_metals-commodity n/a );; line 58987 (wfb::exports kazakhstan commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 58987 (wfb::exports kazakhstan commodities grain n/a );; line 58987 (wfb::exports kazakhstan commodities wool n/a );; line 58987 (wfb::exports kazakhstan commodities meat n/a );; line 58987 (wfb::exports kazakhstan commodities coal-commodity n/a );; line 58987 (wfb::exports kazakhstan partners russia n/a );; line 58990 (wfb::exports kazakhstan partners ukraine n/a );; line 58990 (wfb::exports kazakhstan partners uzbekistan n/a );; line 58990 (wfb::measurement-date imports kazakhstan date_1994 );; line 58994 (wfb::imports kazakhstan (* 3.5e9 $) );; line 58994 (wfb::imports kazakhstan commodities machinery_and_parts n/a );; line 58996 (wfb::imports kazakhstan commodities industrial_materials n/a );; line 58996 (wfb::imports kazakhstan commodities oil_and_gas n/a );; line 58996 (wfb::imports kazakhstan partners russia_and_other_former_soviet_republics n/a );; line 58998 (wfb::imports kazakhstan partners china n/a );; line 58998 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 59006 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production kazakhstan date_1994 );; line 59006 (wfb::industrial_production kazakhstan growth_rate (* -28 %) );; line 59006 (wfb::electricity kazakhstan capacity (* 17380000 kw) );; line 59011 (wfb::electricity kazakhstan production (* 65.1e9 kwh) );; line 59013 (wfb::measurement-date electricity kazakhstan consumption_per_capita date_1994 );; line 59015 (wfb::electricity kazakhstan consumption_per_capita (* 3750 kwh) );; line 59015 (wfb::industry kazakhstan accounts_for_26%_of_net_national_product );; line 59019 (wfb::industry kazakhstan |extractive industries (oil, coal, iron ore, manganese, chromite, lead, zinc, copper, titanium, bauxite, gold, silver, phosphates, sulfur)| );; line 59019 (wfb::industry kazakhstan iron );; line 59019 (wfb::industry kazakhstan steel );; line 59019 (wfb::industry kazakhstan nonferrous_metal );; line 59019 (wfb::industry kazakhstan tractors_and_other_agricultural_machinery );; line 59019 (wfb::industry kazakhstan electric_motors );; line 59019 (wfb::industry kazakhstan construction_materials-industry );; line 59019 (wfb::agriculture kazakhstan "accounts for 20% of GDP; employs about 26% of the labor force; grain, mostly spring wheat; meat, cotton, wool" );; line 59027 (wfb::illicit_drugs kazakhstan "illicit cultivation of cannabis and opium poppy; mostly for CIS consumption; limited government eradication program; used as transshipment point for illicit drugs to Western Europe and North America from Southwest Asia" );; line 59032 (wfb::economic_aid kazakhstan recipient "approximately $1 billion in foreign loans and credits allocated in 1994; disbursements projected at $700 billion through 1995" );; line 59039 (wfb::exchange_rates kazakhstan "tenges per US$1 - 54 (yearend 1994)" );; line 59048 (wfb::fiscal_year kazakhstan date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 59052 (wfb::railroads kazakhstan total "14,460 km in common carrier service; does not include industrial lines" );; line 59058 (wfb::railroads kazakhstan broad_gauge "14,460 km 1.520-m gauge (1990)" );; line 59061 (wfb::highways kazakhstan total (* 189000 km) );; line 59066 (wfb::highways kazakhstan paved_and_graveled (* 108100 km) );; line 59068 (wfb::measurement-date highways kazakhstan date_1990 );; line 59070 (wfb::comment highways kazakhstan unpaved "1990" );; line 59070 (wfb::measurement-date highways kazakhstan unpaved earth date_1990 );; line 59070 (wfb::highways kazakhstan earth (* 80900 km) );; line 59070 (wfb::inland_waterways kazakhstan "Syrdariya River, Ertis River" );; line 59074 (wfb::measurement-date pipelines date_1992 );; line 59078 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 2850 km) );; line 59078 (wfb::pipelines refined_products (* 1500 km) );; line 59078 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 3480 km) );; line 59078 (wfb::port kazakhstan aqtau-kazakhstan );; line 59083 (wfb::comment port kazakhstan aqtau-kazakhstan "Shevchenko" );; line 59083 (wfb::port kazakhstan atyrau-kazakhstan );; line 59083 (wfb::comment port kazakhstan atyrau-kazakhstan "Gur'yev" );; line 59083 (wfb::port kazakhstan oskemen-kazakhstan );; line 59083 (wfb::comment port kazakhstan oskemen-kazakhstan "Ust-Kamenogorsk" );; line 59083 (wfb::port kazakhstan pavlodar-kazakhstan );; line 59083 (wfb::port kazakhstan semey-kazakhstan );; line 59083 (wfb::comment port kazakhstan semey-kazakhstan "Semipalatinsk" );; line 59083 (wfb::airports kazakhstan total 352 );; line 59089 (wfb::airports kazakhstan |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 7 );; line 59091 (wfb::airports kazakhstan |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 23 );; line 59093 (wfb::airports kazakhstan |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 11 );; line 59095 (wfb::airports kazakhstan |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 5 );; line 59097 (wfb::airports kazakhstan with_paved_runways_under_914_m 9 );; line 59099 (wfb::airports kazakhstan |with unpaved runways over 3,047 m| 9 );; line 59101 (wfb::airports kazakhstan |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 8 );; line 59103 (wfb::airports kazakhstan |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 25 );; line 59105 (wfb::airports kazakhstan |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 65 );; line 59107 (wfb::airports kazakhstan with_unpaved_runways_under_914_m 190 );; line 59109 (wfb::telephone_system kazakhstan "2.2 million telephones; telephone service is poor; about 17 telephones/100 persons in urban areas and 7.6 telephones/100 persons in rural areas; Almaty has 184,000 telephones" );; line 59114 (wfb::telephone_system kazakhstan local "NA" );; line 59118 (wfb::telephone_system kazakhstan intercity "land line and microwave radio relay" );; line 59120 (wfb::telephone_system kazakhstan international "international traffic with other former USSR republics and China carried by landline and microwave, and with other countries by satellite and through 8 international telecommunications circuits at the Moscow international gateway switch; INTELSAT earth station; new satellite earth station established at Almaty with Turkish financial help (December 1992) with 2500 channel band width" );; line 59122 (wfb::television kazakhstan televisions 4.75e6 );; line 59142 (wfb::defense_branch kazakhstan army_kazakhstan );; line 59148 (wfb::defense_branch kazakhstan republic_national_guard_kazakhstan );; line 59148 (wfb::comment defense_branch kazakhstan republic_security_forces_kazakhstan "internal and border troops" );; line 59148 (wfb::defense_branch kazakhstan republic_security_forces_kazakhstan );; line 59148 (wfb::manpower_availability kazakhstan "males age 15-49 4,513,089; males fit for military service 3,605,584; males reach military age (18) annually 154,280 (1995 est.)" );; line 59153 (wfb::markup-parameter figure kenya "graphno=\"ke.tif\"" );; line 59166 (wfb::location kenya "Eastern Africa, bordering the Indian Ocean, between Somalia and Tanzania" );; line 59170 (wfb::map_references kenya "Africa" );; line 59175 (wfb::area kenya total_area (* 582650 sq_km) );; line 59180 (wfb::area kenya land_area (* 569250 sq_km) );; line 59182 (wfb::area kenya comparative_area "slightly more than twice the size of Nevada" );; line 59184 (wfb::borders kenya total (* 3446 km) );; line 59188 (wfb::borders kenya ethiopia (* 830 km) );; line 59188 (wfb::borders kenya somalia (* 682 km) );; line 59188 (wfb::borders kenya sudan (* 232 km) );; line 59188 (wfb::borders kenya tanzania (* 769 km) );; line 59188 (wfb::borders kenya uganda (* 933 km) );; line 59188 (wfb::coastline kenya (* 536 km) );; line 59193 (wfb::maritime_claims kenya exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 59200 (wfb::maritime_claims kenya territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 59202 (wfb::international_disputes kenya "administrative boundary with Sudan does not coincide with international boundary" );; line 59206 (wfb::international_disputes kenya "possible claim by Somalia based on unification of ethnic Somalis" );; line 59206 (wfb::climate kenya "varies from tropical along coast to arid in interior" );; line 59212 (wfb::terrain kenya "low plains rise to central highlands bisected by Great Rift Valley" );; line 59216 (wfb::terrain kenya "fertile plateau in west" );; line 59216 (wfb::natural-resource kenya gold );; line 59221 (wfb::natural-resource kenya limestone );; line 59221 (wfb::natural-resource kenya soda_ash );; line 59221 (wfb::natural-resource kenya salt_barytes );; line 59221 (wfb::natural-resource kenya rubies );; line 59221 (wfb::natural-resource kenya fluorspar );; line 59221 (wfb::natural-resource kenya garnets );; line 59221 (wfb::natural-resource kenya wildlife );; line 59221 (wfb::land_use kenya arable_land (* 3 %) );; line 59227 (wfb::land_use kenya permanent_crops (* 1 %) );; line 59229 (wfb::land_use kenya meadows_and_pastures (* 7 %) );; line 59231 (wfb::land_use kenya forest_and_woodland (* 4 %) );; line 59233 (wfb::land_use kenya other (* 85 %) );; line 59235 (wfb::measurement-date irrigated_land kenya date_1989 );; line 59239 (wfb::irrigated_land kenya (* 520 sq_km) );; line 59239 (wfb::environment kenya current_issues "water pollution from urban and industrial wastes" );; line 59244 (wfb::environment kenya current_issues "degradation of water quality from increased use of pesticides and fertilizers" );; line 59244 (wfb::environment kenya current_issues "deforestation" );; line 59244 (wfb::environment kenya current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 59244 (wfb::environment kenya current_issues "desertification" );; line 59244 (wfb::environment kenya current_issues "poaching" );; line 59244 (wfb::environment kenya natural_hazards "NA" );; line 59248 (wfb::environment kenya international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling" );; line 59250 (wfb::environment kenya international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Desertification" );; line 59250 (wfb::note kenya "the Kenyan Highlands comprise one of the most successful agricultural production regions in Africa; glaciers on Mt. Kenya; unique physiography supports abundant and varied wildlife of scientific and economic value" );; line 59257 (wfb::estimation-date population kenya date_jul_1995 );; line 59265 (wfb::population kenya 28817227 );; line 59265 (wfb::age_structure kenya 0-14_years (* 48 %) );; line 59270 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex kenya 0-14_years female 6841235 );; line 59270 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex kenya 0-14_years male 6957908 );; line 59270 (wfb::age_structure kenya 15-64_years (* 50 %) );; line 59272 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex kenya 15-64_years female 7277061 );; line 59272 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex kenya 15-64_years male 7085925 );; line 59272 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure kenya 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 59274 (wfb::age_structure kenya 65_years_and_over (* 2 %) );; line 59274 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex kenya 65_years_and_over female 359659 );; line 59274 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex kenya 65_years_and_over male 295439 );; line 59274 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate kenya date_1995 );; line 59278 (wfb::population_growth_rate kenya (* 0.99 %) );; line 59278 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate kenya date_1995 );; line 59282 (wfb::birth_rate kenya (* 41.66 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 59282 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate kenya date_1995 );; line 59286 (wfb::death_rate kenya (* 12.04 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 59286 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate kenya date_1995 );; line 59290 (wfb::net_migration_rate kenya (* -19.69 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 59290 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate kenya date_1995 );; line 59294 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate kenya (* 73.5 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 59294 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth kenya total_population (* 52.41 years) );; line 59299 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth kenya male (* 50.72 years) );; line 59301 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth kenya female date_1995 );; line 59303 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth kenya female (* 54.16 years) );; line 59303 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate kenya date_1995 );; line 59307 (wfb::total_fertility_rate kenya (* 5.76 children_born/woman) );; line 59307 (wfb::nationality kenya noun "Kenyan(s)" );; line 59312 (wfb::nationality kenya adjective "Kenyan" );; line 59314 (wfb::ethnic-entity kenya kikuyu (* 22 %) );; line 59318 (wfb::ethnic-entity kenya luhya (* 14 %) );; line 59318 (wfb::ethnic-entity kenya luo (* 13 %) );; line 59318 (wfb::ethnic-entity kenya kalenjin (* 12 %) );; line 59318 (wfb::ethnic-entity kenya kamba (* 11 %) );; line 59318 (wfb::ethnic-entity kenya kisii (* 6 %) );; line 59318 (wfb::ethnic-entity kenya meru (* 6 %) );; line 59318 (wfb::ethnic-entity kenya union12 (* 1 %) );; line 59318 (wfb::religion kenya |Protestant (including Anglican)| (* 38 %) );; line 59323 (wfb::religion kenya roman_catholic (* 28 %) );; line 59323 (wfb::religion kenya indigenous_beliefs (* 26 %) );; line 59323 (wfb::language kenya english n/a );; line 59328 (wfb::comment language kenya english "official" );; line 59328 (wfb::language kenya swahili n/a );; line 59328 (wfb::comment language kenya swahili "official" );; line 59328 (wfb::language kenya numerous_indigenous_languages n/a );; line 59328 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition kenya date_1989 );; line 59333 (wfb::literacy-condition kenya "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 59333 (wfb::literacy kenya total_population (* 71 %) );; line 59335 (wfb::literacy kenya male (* 81 %) );; line 59337 (wfb::literacy kenya female (* 62 %) );; line 59339 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force kenya by_occupation date_1993 );; line 59344 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1993 );; line 59344 (wfb::comment labor_force_by_occupation kenya "1993 est." );; line 59344 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation kenya agriculture_75% (* -80 %) );; line 59344 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation kenya non-agriculture_20% (* -25 %) );; line 59344 (wfb::names kenya conventional_long_form "Republic of Kenya" );; line 59351 (wfb::names kenya conventional_short_form "Kenya" );; line 59353 (wfb::names kenya former "British East Africa" );; line 59355 (wfb::digraph kenya "KE" );; line 59359 (wfb::type kenya "republic" );; line 59363 (wfb::capital kenya nairobi-kenya );; line 59367 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_kenya_provinces "provinces" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 59371 (wfb::administrative_divisions kenya adm_div_kenya_provinces 7 );; line 59371 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_kenya_area "area" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 59371 (wfb::administrative_divisions kenya adm_div_kenya_area 1 );; line 59371 (wfb::administrative_division_of kenya adm_div_kenya_provinces "Central" );; line 59371 (wfb::administrative_division_of kenya adm_div_kenya_provinces "Coast" );; line 59371 (wfb::administrative_division_of kenya adm_div_kenya_provinces "Eastern" );; line 59371 (wfb::administrative_division_of kenya adm_div_kenya_area "Nairobi Area" );; line 59371 (wfb::administrative_division_of kenya adm_div_kenya_provinces "North Eastern" );; line 59371 (wfb::administrative_division_of kenya adm_div_kenya_provinces "Nyanza" );; line 59371 (wfb::administrative_division_of kenya adm_div_kenya_provinces "Rift Valley" );; line 59371 (wfb::administrative_division_of kenya adm_div_kenya_provinces "Western" );; line 59371 (wfb::independence kenya date_12_dec_1963 "UK" );; line 59376 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1963 );; line 59380 (wfb::comment national_holiday kenya "1963" );; line 59380 (wfb::national_holiday kenya "Independence Day" date_12_dec );; line 59380 (wfb::constitution kenya "12 December 1963, amended as a republic 1964; reissued with amendments 1979, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1991, and 1992" );; line 59384 (wfb::legal_system kenya "based on English common law, tribal law, and Islamic law; judicial review in High Court; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations; constitutional amendment of 1982 making Kenya a de jure one-party state repealed in 1991" );; line 59389 (wfb::comment suffrage kenya " universal" );; line 59396 (wfb::suffrage kenya (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 59396 (wfb::comment executive_branch kenya chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "Vice President George SAITOTI (since 10 May 1989)" );; line 59401 (wfb::comment executive_branch kenya chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "election last held on 29 December 1992 (next to be held NA 1997)" );; line 59401 (wfb::comment executive_branch kenya chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "results - President Daniel T. arap MOI was reelected with 37% of the vote" );; line 59401 (wfb::comment executive_branch kenya chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "Kenneth Matiba (FORD-ASILI) 26%" );; line 59401 (wfb::comment executive_branch kenya chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "Mwai Kibaki (SP) 19%, Oginga Odinga (FORD-Kenya) 17%" );; line 59401 (wfb::executive_branch kenya chief_of_state "President Daniel Toroitich arap MOI " date_14_oct_1978 );; line 59401 (wfb::executive_branch kenya head_of_government "President Daniel Toroitich arap MOI " date_14_oct_1978 );; line 59401 (wfb::comment executive_branch kenya cabinet "appointed by the president" );; line 59407 (wfb::executive_branch kenya cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 59407 (wfb::legislative_structure kenya unicameral n/a );; line 59411 (wfb::legislative_branch kenya "National Assembly (Bunge)" "elections last held on 29 December 1992 (next to be held NA); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (188 total) KANU 100, FORD-Kenya 31, FORD-Asili 31, DP 23, smaller parties 3; president nominates 12 additional members" );; line 59413 (wfb::comment legislative_branch kenya "first multiparty election since repeal of one-party state law in 1991" );; line 59418 (wfb::judicial_branch kenya "Court of Appeal, High Court" );; line 59423 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders kenya "ruling party is Kenya African National Union (KANU), President Daniel Toroitich arap MOI; opposition parties include Forum for the Restoration of Democracy (FORD-Kenya), Michael WAMALWA; Forum for the Restoration of Democracy (FORD-Asili), Kenneth MATIBA; Democratic Party of Kenya (DP), Mwai KIBAKI" );; line 59427 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups kenya "labor unions; Roman Catholic Church" );; line 59435 (wfb::member_of kenya escap );; line 59439 (wfb::member_of kenya fao );; line 59439 (wfb::member_of kenya g-77 );; line 59439 (wfb::member_of kenya icao );; line 59439 (wfb::member_of kenya icrm );; line 59439 (wfb::member_of kenya ifad );; line 59439 (wfb::member_of kenya ifrcs );; line 59439 (wfb::member_of kenya imo );; line 59439 (wfb::member_of kenya intelsat );; line 59439 (wfb::comment member_of kenya intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 59439 (wfb::member_of kenya ioc );; line 59439 (wfb::member_of kenya iso );; line 59439 (wfb::member_of kenya itu );; line 59439 (wfb::member_of kenya nam );; line 59439 (wfb::member_of kenya un );; line 59439 (wfb::member_of kenya unctad );; line 59439 (wfb::member_of kenya unesco );; line 59439 (wfb::member_of kenya unido );; line 59439 (wfb::member_of kenya unomil );; line 59439 (wfb::member_of kenya unu );; line 59439 (wfb::member_of kenya upu );; line 59439 (wfb::member_of kenya wftu );; line 59439 (wfb::member_of kenya who );; line 59439 (wfb::member_of kenya wipo );; line 59439 (wfb::member_of kenya wmo );; line 59439 (wfb::member_of kenya wto );; line 59439 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us kenya chief_of_mission "Benjamin Edgar KIPKORIR" );; line 59446 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us kenya chancery "2249 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 59448 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us kenya telephone "[1] (202) 387-6101" );; line 59450 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us kenya fax "[1] (202) 462-3829" );; line 59452 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us kenya |consulate(s) general| "Los Angeles and New York" );; line 59454 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation kenya chief_of_mission "Ambassador Aurelia BRAZEAL" );; line 59459 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation kenya embassy "corner of Moi Avenue and Haile Selassie Avenue, Nairobi" );; line 59461 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation kenya mailing_address "P. O. Box 30137, Unit 64100, Nairobi; APO AE 09831" );; line 59463 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation kenya telephone "[254] (2) 334141" );; line 59465 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation kenya fax "[254] (2) 340838" );; line 59467 (wfb::flag kenya "three equal horizontal bands of black (top), red, and green; the red band is edged in white; a large warrior's shield covering crossed spears is superimposed at the center" );; line 59471 (wfb::overview kenya "Kenya in recent years has had one of the highest natural rates of growth in population, but the statistics have been complicated by the large-scale movement of nomadic groups and of Somalis back and forth across the border. Population growth has been accompanied by deforestation, deterioration in the road system, the water supply, and other parts of the infrastructure. In industry and services, Nairobi's reluctance to embrace IMF-supported reforms had held back investment and growth in 1991-93. Nairobi's push on economic reform in 1994, however, helped support a 3.3% increase in output." );; line 59478 (wfb::estimation-date national_product kenya date_1994 );; line 59490 (wfb::national_product kenya (* 33.1e9 $) );; line 59490 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate kenya date_1994 );; line 59494 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate kenya (* 3.3 %) );; line 59494 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita kenya date_1994 );; line 59498 (wfb::national_product_per_capita kenya (* 1170 $) );; line 59498 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| kenya "30% (1994 est.)" );; line 59502 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate kenya date_1994 );; line 59506 (wfb::unemployment_rate kenya (* 35 %_urban) );; line 59506 (wfb::budget kenya revenues (* 2.4e9 $) );; line 59511 (wfb::estimation-date budget kenya date_1990 );; line 59513 (wfb::budget kenya expenditures (* 2.8e9 $) );; line 59513 (wfb::budget kenya capital_expenditures (* 740e6 $) );; line 59513 (wfb::exports kenya (* 1.45e9 $) );; line 59518 (wfb::measurement-date exports kenya date_1990 );; line 59520 (wfb::exports kenya commodities tea (* 25 %) );; line 59520 (wfb::exports kenya commodities coffee (* 18 %) );; line 59520 (wfb::exports kenya commodities petroleum_products-commodity (* 11 %) );; line 59520 (wfb::measurement-date exports kenya date_1991 );; line 59522 (wfb::exports kenya partners ec (* 47 %) );; line 59522 (wfb::exports kenya partners africa (* 23 %) );; line 59522 (wfb::exports kenya partners asia (* 11 %) );; line 59522 (wfb::exports kenya partners us (* 4 %) );; line 59522 (wfb::exports kenya partners middle_east (* 3 %) );; line 59522 (wfb::imports kenya (* 1.85e9 $) );; line 59526 (wfb::measurement-date imports kenya date_1989 );; line 59528 (wfb::imports kenya commodities machinery_and_transportation_equipment (* 29 %) );; line 59528 (wfb::imports kenya commodities petroleum_and_petroleum_products (* 15 %) );; line 59528 (wfb::imports kenya commodities iron_and_steel (* 7 %) );; line 59528 (wfb::imports kenya commodities raw_materials n/a );; line 59528 (wfb::imports kenya commodities food_and_consumer_goods n/a );; line 59528 (wfb::measurement-date imports kenya date_1991 );; line 59532 (wfb::imports kenya partners ec (* 46 %) );; line 59532 (wfb::imports kenya partners asia (* 23 %) );; line 59532 (wfb::imports kenya partners middle_east (* 20 %) );; line 59532 (wfb::imports kenya partners us (* 5 %) );; line 59532 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt kenya date_1994 );; line 59536 (wfb::external_debt kenya (* 7e9 $) );; line 59536 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1991 );; line 59540 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production kenya date_1991 );; line 59540 (wfb::industrial_production kenya growth_rate (* 3.9 %) );; line 59540 (wfb::industrial_production kenya accounts_for (* 14 %_of_gdp) );; line 59540 (wfb::electricity kenya capacity (* 810000 kw) );; line 59545 (wfb::electricity kenya production (* 3.3e9 kwh) );; line 59547 (wfb::measurement-date electricity kenya consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 59549 (wfb::electricity kenya consumption_per_capita (* 117 kwh) );; line 59549 (wfb::industry kenya |small-scale consumer goods (plastic, furniture, batteries, textiles, soap, cigarettes, flour)| );; line 59553 (wfb::industry kenya processing_agricultural_products );; line 59553 (wfb::industry kenya oil_refining );; line 59553 (wfb::industry kenya cement );; line 59553 (wfb::industry kenya tourism );; line 59553 (wfb::agriculture kenya "most important sector, accounting for 27% of GDP and 65% of exports; cash crops - coffee, tea; food products - corn, wheat, sugarcane, fruit, vegetables, dairy products, beef, pork, poultry, eggs" );; line 59559 (wfb::illicit_drugs kenya "widespread harvesting of small, wild plots of marijuana and qat; most locally consumed; transit country for Southwest Asian heroin moving to West Africa and onward to Europe and North America; Indian methaqualone also transits on way to South Africa" );; line 59565 (wfb::economic_aid kenya recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $839 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $7.49 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $74 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $83 million" );; line 59573 (wfb::abbreviation kenyan_shilling "KSh" );; line 59580 (wfb::currency kenya kenyan_shilling 100 cents );; line 59580 (wfb::exchange_rates kenya "Kenyan shillings (KSh) per US$1 - 44.478 (January 1995), 56.051 (1994), 58.001 (1993), 32.217 (1992), 27.508 (1991), 22.915 (1990)" );; line 59584 (wfb::fiscal_year kenya date_1_jul date_30_jun );; line 59589 (wfb::railroads kenya total "2,650 km" );; line 59595 (wfb::railroads kenya narrow_gauge "2,650 km 1.000-m gauge" );; line 59597 (wfb::highways kenya total (* 64590 km) );; line 59602 (wfb::highways kenya paved (* 7000 km) );; line 59604 (wfb::highways kenya gravel (* 4150 km) );; line 59606 (wfb::highways kenya improved_earth (* 53440 km) );; line 59606 (wfb::inland_waterways kenya "part of Lake Victoria system is within boundaries of Kenya" );; line 59610 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 483 km) );; line 59614 (wfb::port kenya kisumu-kenya );; line 59618 (wfb::port kenya lamu-kenya );; line 59618 (wfb::port kenya mombasa-kenya );; line 59618 (wfb::merchant_marine kenya total "2 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 4,883 GRT/6,255 DWT" );; line 59623 (wfb::merchant_marine kenya ships_by_type "barge carrier 1, oil tanker 1" );; line 59625 (wfb::airports kenya total 246 );; line 59630 (wfb::airports kenya |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 3 );; line 59632 (wfb::airports kenya |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 2 );; line 59634 (wfb::airports kenya |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 2 );; line 59636 (wfb::airports kenya |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 22 );; line 59638 (wfb::airports kenya with_paved_runways_under_914_m 83 );; line 59640 (wfb::airports kenya |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 59642 (wfb::airports kenya |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 14 );; line 59644 (wfb::airports kenya |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 119 );; line 59646 (wfb::telephone_system kenya "over 260,000 telephones; in top group of African systems" );; line 59651 (wfb::telephone_system kenya local "NA" );; line 59653 (wfb::telephone_system kenya intercity "consists primarily of microwave radio relay links" );; line 59655 (wfb::telephone_system kenya international "2 INTELSAT (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) earth stations" );; line 59657 (wfb::radio kenya broadcast_stations am 16 );; line 59662 (wfb::radio kenya broadcast_stations fm 4 );; line 59662 (wfb::radio kenya broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 59662 (wfb::radio kenya radios n/a );; line 59664 (wfb::television kenya broadcast_stations 6 );; line 59669 (wfb::television kenya televisions n/a );; line 59671 (wfb::defense_branch kenya army_kenya );; line 59677 (wfb::defense_branch kenya navy_kenya );; line 59677 (wfb::defense_branch kenya air_force_kenya );; line 59677 (wfb::defense_branch kenya paramilitary_general_service_unit_of_the_police_kenya );; line 59677 (wfb::manpower_availability kenya "males age 15-49 6,358,344; males fit for military service 3,932,506 (1995 est.)" );; line 59682 (wfb::for-fiscal-year defense_expenditures kenya 93 );; line 59687 (wfb::defense_expenditures kenya (* 136e6 $) );; line 59687 (wfb::defense_expenditures kenya (* 1.9 %_of_gdp) );; line 59687 (wfb::markup-parameter figure kingman_reef "graphno=\"kq.tif\"" );; line 59693 (wfb::header kingman_reef "(territory of the US)" );; line 59693 (wfb::location kingman_reef "Oceania, reef in the North Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to American Samoa" );; line 59697 (wfb::map_references kingman_reef "Oceania" );; line 59702 (wfb::area kingman_reef total_area (* 1 sq_km) );; line 59707 (wfb::area kingman_reef land_area (* 1 sq_km) );; line 59709 (wfb::area kingman_reef comparative_area "about 1.7 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC" );; line 59711 (wfb::coastline kingman_reef (* 3 km) );; line 59719 (wfb::maritime_claims kingman_reef exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 59724 (wfb::maritime_claims kingman_reef territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 59726 (wfb::international_disputes kingman_reef "none" );; line 59730 (wfb::climate kingman_reef "tropical, but moderated by prevailing winds" );; line 59734 (wfb::terrain kingman_reef "low and nearly level with a maximum elevation of about 1 meter" );; line 59738 (wfb::land_use kingman_reef arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 59747 (wfb::land_use kingman_reef permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 59749 (wfb::land_use kingman_reef meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 59751 (wfb::land_use kingman_reef forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 59753 (wfb::land_use kingman_reef other (* 100 %) );; line 59755 (wfb::irrigated_land kingman_reef (* 0 sq_km) );; line 59759 (wfb::environment kingman_reef current_issues "NA" );; line 59764 (wfb::environment kingman_reef natural_hazards "wet or awash most of the time, maximum elevation of about 1 meter makes this a maritime hazard" );; line 59766 (wfb::environment kingman_reef international_agreements "NA" );; line 59769 (wfb::note kingman_reef "barren coral atoll with deep interior lagoon; closed to the public" );; line 59773 (wfb::names kingman_reef conventional_short_form "Kingman Reef" );; line 59788 (wfb::digraph kingman_reef "KQ" );; line 59792 (wfb::type kingman_reef "unincorporated territory of the US administered by the US Navy, however it is awash the majority of the time, so it is not usable and is uninhabited" );; line 59796 (wfb::overview kingman_reef "no economic activity" );; line 59807 (wfb::note kingman_reef "defense is the responsibility of the US" );; line 59827 (wfb::markup-parameter figure kiribati "graphno=\"kr.tif\"" );; line 59833 (wfb::location kiribati "Oceania, group of islands in the Pacific Ocean, straddling the equator and the International Date Line, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to Australia" );; line 59837 (wfb::map_references kiribati "Oceania" );; line 59843 (wfb::area kiribati total_area (* 717 sq_km) );; line 59848 (wfb::area kiribati land_area (* 717 sq_km) );; line 59850 (wfb::area kiribati comparative_area "slightly more than four times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 59852 (wfb::comment area kiribati "includes three island groups - Gilbert Islands, Line Islands, Phoenix Islands" );; line 59854 (wfb::coastline kiribati (* 1143 km) );; line 59863 (wfb::maritime_claims kiribati exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 59868 (wfb::maritime_claims kiribati territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 59870 (wfb::international_disputes kiribati "none" );; line 59874 (wfb::climate kiribati "tropical" );; line 59878 (wfb::climate kiribati "marine, hot and humid, moderated by trade winds" );; line 59878 (wfb::terrain kiribati "mostly low-lying coral atolls surrounded by extensive reefs" );; line 59882 (wfb::natural-resource kiribati |phosphate (production discontinued in 1979)| );; line 59886 (wfb::land_use kiribati arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 59891 (wfb::land_use kiribati permanent_crops (* 51 %) );; line 59893 (wfb::land_use kiribati meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 59895 (wfb::land_use kiribati forest_and_woodland (* 3 %) );; line 59897 (wfb::land_use kiribati other (* 46 %) );; line 59899 (wfb::irrigated_land kiribati (* n/a sq_km) );; line 59903 (wfb::environment kiribati current_issues "NA" );; line 59908 (wfb::environment kiribati natural_hazards "typhoons can occur any time, but usually November to March" );; line 59910 (wfb::environment kiribati natural_hazards "occasional tornadoes" );; line 59910 (wfb::environment kiribati international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Endangered Species, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection" );; line 59913 (wfb::environment kiribati international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Climate Change" );; line 59913 (wfb::note kiribati "20 of the 33 islands are inhabited; Banaba (Ocean Island) in Kiribati is one of the three great phosphate rock islands in the Pacific Ocean - the others are Makatea in French Polynesia and Nauru" );; line 59918 (wfb::estimation-date population kiribati date_jul_1995 );; line 59926 (wfb::population kiribati 79386 );; line 59926 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate kiribati date_1995 );; line 59939 (wfb::population_growth_rate kiribati (* 1.95 %) );; line 59939 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate kiribati date_1995 );; line 59943 (wfb::birth_rate kiribati (* 31.25 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 59943 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate kiribati date_1995 );; line 59947 (wfb::death_rate kiribati (* 12.31 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 59947 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate kiribati date_1995 );; line 59951 (wfb::net_migration_rate kiribati (* 0.56 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 59951 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate kiribati date_1995 );; line 59955 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate kiribati (* 98.4 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 59955 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth kiribati total_population (* 54.16 years) );; line 59960 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth kiribati male (* 52.56 years) );; line 59962 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth kiribati female date_1995 );; line 59964 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth kiribati female (* 55.78 years) );; line 59964 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate kiribati date_1995 );; line 59968 (wfb::total_fertility_rate kiribati (* 3.73 children_born/woman) );; line 59968 (wfb::nationality kiribati noun "I-Kiribati (singular and plural)" );; line 59973 (wfb::nationality kiribati adjective "I-Kiribati" );; line 59975 (wfb::ethnic-entity kiribati micronesian n/a );; line 59979 (wfb::measurement-date religion date_1985 );; line 59983 (wfb::religion kiribati roman_catholic (* 52.6 %) );; line 59983 (wfb::religion kiribati |Protestant (Congregational)| (* 40.9 %) );; line 59983 (wfb::religion kiribati union13 (* 6 %) );; line 59983 (wfb::language kiribati english n/a );; line 59988 (wfb::comment language kiribati english "official" );; line 59988 (wfb::language kiribati gilbertese n/a );; line 59988 (wfb::literacy-condition kiribati "NA%" );; line 59992 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force kiribati date_1985 );; line 59996 (wfb::names kiribati conventional_long_form "Republic of Kiribati" );; line 60003 (wfb::names kiribati conventional_short_form "Kiribati" );; line 60005 (wfb::names kiribati former "Gilbert Islands" );; line 60007 (wfb::digraph kiribati "KR" );; line 60011 (wfb::type kiribati "republic" );; line 60015 (wfb::capital kiribati tarawa-kiribati );; line 60019 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_kiribati_units "units" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 60023 (wfb::administrative_divisions kiribati adm_div_kiribati_units 3 );; line 60023 (wfb::administrative_division_of kiribati adm_div_kiribati_units "Gilbert Islands" );; line 60023 (wfb::administrative_division_of kiribati adm_div_kiribati_units "Line Islands" );; line 60023 (wfb::administrative_division_of kiribati adm_div_kiribati_units "Phoenix Islands" );; line 60023 (wfb::comment administrative_divisions kiribati "in addition, there are 6 districts (Banaba, Central Gilberts, Line Islands, Northern Gilberts, Southern Gilberts, Tarawa) and 21 island councils (Abaiang, Abemama, Aranuka, Arorae, Banaba, Beru, Butaritari, Kanton, Kiritimati, Kuria, Maiana, Makin, Marakei, Nikunau, Nonouti, Onotoa, Tabiteuea, Tabuaeran, Tamana, Tarawa, Teraina; note - one council for each of the inhabited islands)" );; line 60025 (wfb::independence kiribati date_12_jul_1979 "UK" );; line 60033 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1979 );; line 60037 (wfb::comment national_holiday kiribati "1979" );; line 60037 (wfb::national_holiday kiribati "Independence Day" date_12_jul );; line 60037 (wfb::constitution kiribati "12 July 1979" );; line 60041 (wfb::legal_system kiribati "NA" );; line 60045 (wfb::comment suffrage kiribati " universal" );; line 60049 (wfb::suffrage kiribati (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 60049 (wfb::comment executive_branch kiribati chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "Vice President (Kauoman-ni-Beretitenti) Tewareka TENTOA (since 12 October 1994)" );; line 60054 (wfb::comment executive_branch kiribati chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "election last held on 30 September 1994 (next to be held by NA 1999)" );; line 60054 (wfb::executive_branch kiribati chief_of_state "President (Beretitenti) Teburoro TITO " date_1_oct_1994 );; line 60054 (wfb::executive_branch kiribati head_of_government "President (Beretitenti) Teburoro TITO " date_1_oct_1994 );; line 60054 (wfb::comment executive_branch kiribati cabinet "appointed by the president from an elected parliament" );; line 60058 (wfb::executive_branch kiribati cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 60058 (wfb::legislative_structure kiribati unicameral n/a );; line 60062 (wfb::legislative_branch kiribati "House of Assembly (Maneaba Ni Maungatabu)" "elections last held on 22 July 1994 (next to be held by NA 1999); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (40 total; 39 elected) Maneaban Te Mauri 13, National Progressive Party 7, independents 19" );; line 60064 (wfb::judicial_branch kiribati "Court of Appeal, High Court" );; line 60070 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders kiribati "National Progressive Party, Teatao TEANNAKI; Christian Democratic Party, Teburoro TITO; New Movement Party, leader NA; Liberal Party, Tewareka TENTOA; Maneaba Party, Roniti TEIWAKI; Maneaban Te Mauri, leader NA" );; line 60074 (wfb::comment political_parties_and_leaders kiribati "there is no tradition of formally organized political parties in Kiribati; they more closely resemble factions or interest groups because they have no party headquarters, formal platforms, or party structures" );; line 60078 (wfb::member_of kiribati acp );; line 60084 (wfb::member_of kiribati asdb );; line 60084 (wfb::member_of kiribati c );; line 60084 (wfb::member_of kiribati escap );; line 60084 (wfb::member_of kiribati ibrd );; line 60084 (wfb::member_of kiribati icao );; line 60084 (wfb::member_of kiribati icftu );; line 60084 (wfb::member_of kiribati ida );; line 60084 (wfb::member_of kiribati ifc );; line 60084 (wfb::member_of kiribati ifrcs );; line 60084 (wfb::comment member_of kiribati ifrcs "associate" );; line 60084 (wfb::member_of kiribati imf );; line 60084 (wfb::member_of kiribati intelsat );; line 60084 (wfb::comment member_of kiribati intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 60084 (wfb::member_of kiribati interpol );; line 60084 (wfb::member_of kiribati itu );; line 60084 (wfb::member_of kiribati sparteca );; line 60084 (wfb::member_of kiribati spc );; line 60084 (wfb::member_of kiribati spf );; line 60084 (wfb::member_of kiribati unesco );; line 60084 (wfb::member_of kiribati upu );; line 60084 (wfb::member_of kiribati who );; line 60084 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us kiribati "Kiribati has no mission in the US" );; line 60090 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation kiribati "the ambassador to Fiji is accredited to Kiribati" );; line 60094 (wfb::flag kiribati "the upper half is red with a yellow frigate bird flying over a yellow rising sun, and the lower half is blue with three horizontal wavy white stripes to represent the ocean" );; line 60098 (wfb::overview kiribati "A remote country of 33 scattered coral atolls, Kiribati has few national resources. Commercially viable phosphate deposits were exhausted at the time of independence in 1979. Copra and fish now represent the bulk of production and exports. The economy has fluctuated widely in recent years. Real GDP declined about 5% in 1987, as the fish catch fell sharply to only one-fourth the level of 1986 and copra production was hampered by repeated rains. Output rebounded strongly in 1988, with real GDP growing by 10%. The upturn in economic growth came from an increase in copra production and a good fish catch. GDP then fell by 2.2% in 1989 and by 2.9% in 1990, but has risen by about 3% annually in 1991-93. Foreign financial aid, largely from the UK and Japan, is a critical supplement to GDP, amounting to 25%-50% of GDP in recent years." );; line 60105 (wfb::estimation-date national_product kiribati date_1993 );; line 60120 (wfb::national_product kiribati (* 62e6 $) );; line 60120 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate kiribati date_1993 );; line 60124 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate kiribati (* 2.9 %) );; line 60124 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita kiribati date_1993 );; line 60128 (wfb::national_product_per_capita kiribati (* 800 $) );; line 60128 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| kiribati "6.5% (1993 est.)" );; line 60132 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate kiribati date_1992 );; line 60136 (wfb::budget kiribati revenues (* 29.6e6 $) );; line 60141 (wfb::estimation-date budget kiribati date_1993 );; line 60143 (wfb::budget kiribati expenditures (* 32.8e6 $) );; line 60143 (wfb::budget kiribati capital_expenditures (* 14e6 $) );; line 60143 (wfb::exports kiribati (* 4.2e6 $) );; line 60148 (wfb::exports kiribati commodities copra (* 50 %) );; line 60150 (wfb::exports kiribati commodities seaweed (* 16 %) );; line 60150 (wfb::exports kiribati commodities fish-commodity (* 15 %) );; line 60150 (wfb::exports kiribati partners denmark n/a );; line 60152 (wfb::exports kiribati partners fiji n/a );; line 60152 (wfb::exports kiribati partners us n/a );; line 60152 (wfb::imports kiribati (* 33.1e6 $) );; line 60156 (wfb::imports kiribati commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 60158 (wfb::imports kiribati commodities machinery_and_equipment n/a );; line 60158 (wfb::imports kiribati commodities miscellaneous_manufactured_goods n/a );; line 60158 (wfb::imports kiribati commodities fuel n/a );; line 60158 (wfb::measurement-date imports kiribati date_1991 );; line 60161 (wfb::imports kiribati partners australia (* 40 %) );; line 60161 (wfb::imports kiribati partners japan (* 18 %) );; line 60161 (wfb::imports kiribati partners fiji (* 17 %) );; line 60161 (wfb::imports kiribati partners nz (* 6 %) );; line 60161 (wfb::imports kiribati partners us (* 4 %) );; line 60161 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt kiribati date_dec_1989 );; line 60165 (wfb::external_debt kiribati (* 2e6 $) );; line 60165 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1992 );; line 60169 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production kiribati date_1992 );; line 60169 (wfb::industrial_production kiribati growth_rate (* 0.7 %) );; line 60169 (wfb::electricity kiribati capacity (* 5000 kw) );; line 60174 (wfb::electricity kiribati production (* 13e6 kwh) );; line 60176 (wfb::measurement-date electricity kiribati consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 60178 (wfb::electricity kiribati consumption_per_capita (* 131 kwh) );; line 60178 (wfb::industry kiribati fishing-industry );; line 60182 (wfb::industry kiribati handicrafts );; line 60182 (wfb::agriculture kiribati "accounts for 23% of GDP (including fishing); copra and fish contribute about 65% to exports; subsistence farming predominates; food crops - taro, breadfruit, sweet potatoes, vegetables; not self-sufficient in food" );; line 60186 (wfb::economic_aid kiribati recipient "Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $273 million" );; line 60193 (wfb::abbreviation australian_dollar "$A" );; line 60198 (wfb::currency kiribati australian_dollar 100 cents );; line 60198 (wfb::exchange_rates kiribati "Australian dollars ($A) per US$1 - 1.3058 (January 1995), 1.3667 (1994), 1.4704 (1993), 1.3600 (1992), 1.2835 (1991), 1.2799 (1990)" );; line 60202 (wfb::railroads kiribati "0 km" );; line 60212 (wfb::highways kiribati total (* 640 km) );; line 60217 (wfb::inland_waterways kiribati "small network of canals, totaling 5 km, in Line Islands" );; line 60225 (wfb::port kiribati banaba-kiribati );; line 60229 (wfb::port kiribati betio-kiribati );; line 60229 (wfb::port kiribati english_harbor-kiribati );; line 60229 (wfb::port kiribati kanton-kiribati );; line 60229 (wfb::merchant_marine kiribati total "1 passenger-cargo ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,291 GRT/1,295 DWT" );; line 60234 (wfb::airports kiribati total 21 );; line 60240 (wfb::airports kiribati |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 4 );; line 60242 (wfb::airports kiribati |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 60244 (wfb::airports kiribati with_paved_runways_under_914_m 5 );; line 60246 (wfb::airports kiribati |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 11 );; line 60248 (wfb::telephone_system kiribati "1,400 telephones" );; line 60253 (wfb::telephone_system kiribati local "NA" );; line 60255 (wfb::telephone_system kiribati intercity "NA" );; line 60257 (wfb::telephone_system kiribati international "1 INTELSAT (Pacific Ocean) earth station" );; line 60259 (wfb::radio kiribati broadcast_stations am 1 );; line 60264 (wfb::radio kiribati broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 60264 (wfb::radio kiribati broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 60264 (wfb::radio kiribati radios n/a );; line 60266 (wfb::television kiribati broadcast_stations 0 );; line 60271 (wfb::television kiribati televisions n/a );; line 60273 (wfb::comment defense_branch kiribati police_force_kiribati "carries out law enforcement functions and paramilitary duties; there are small police posts on all islands" );; line 60279 (wfb::defense_branch kiribati police_force_kiribati );; line 60279 (wfb::defense_branch kiribati no_military_force_is_maintained_kiribati );; line 60279 (wfb::markup-parameter figure |Korea, North| "graphno=\"kn.tif\"" );; line 60291 (wfb::location |Korea, North| "Eastern Asia, northern half of the Korean peninsula bordering the Korea Bay and the Sea of Japan, between China and Russia" );; line 60295 (wfb::map_references |Korea, North| "Asia" );; line 60300 (wfb::area |Korea, North| total_area (* 120540 sq_km) );; line 60305 (wfb::area |Korea, North| land_area (* 120410 sq_km) );; line 60307 (wfb::area |Korea, North| comparative_area "slightly smaller than Mississippi" );; line 60309 (wfb::borders |Korea, North| total (* 1673 km) );; line 60313 (wfb::borders |Korea, North| china (* 1416 km) );; line 60313 (wfb::borders |Korea, North| south_korea (* 238 km) );; line 60313 (wfb::borders |Korea, North| russia (* 19 km) );; line 60313 (wfb::coastline |Korea, North| (* 2495 km) );; line 60317 (wfb::maritime_claims |Korea, North| territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 60322 (wfb::maritime_claims |Korea, North| exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 60324 (wfb::international_disputes |Korea, North| "short section of boundary with China is indefinite" );; line 60332 (wfb::international_disputes |Korea, North| "Demarcation Line with South Korea" );; line 60332 (wfb::climate |Korea, North| "temperate with rainfall concentrated in summer" );; line 60337 (wfb::terrain |Korea, North| "mostly hills and mountains separated by deep, narrow valleys" );; line 60341 (wfb::terrain |Korea, North| "coastal plains wide in west, discontinuous in east" );; line 60341 (wfb::natural-resource |Korea, North| coal );; line 60346 (wfb::natural-resource |Korea, North| lead );; line 60346 (wfb::natural-resource |Korea, North| tungsten );; line 60346 (wfb::natural-resource |Korea, North| zinc );; line 60346 (wfb::natural-resource |Korea, North| graphite );; line 60346 (wfb::natural-resource |Korea, North| magnesite );; line 60346 (wfb::natural-resource |Korea, North| iron_ore );; line 60346 (wfb::natural-resource |Korea, North| copper );; line 60346 (wfb::natural-resource |Korea, North| gold );; line 60346 (wfb::natural-resource |Korea, North| pyrites );; line 60346 (wfb::natural-resource |Korea, North| salt );; line 60346 (wfb::natural-resource |Korea, North| fluorspar );; line 60346 (wfb::natural-resource |Korea, North| hydropower-natural-resource );; line 60346 (wfb::land_use |Korea, North| arable_land (* 18 %) );; line 60352 (wfb::land_use |Korea, North| permanent_crops (* 1 %) );; line 60354 (wfb::land_use |Korea, North| meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 60356 (wfb::land_use |Korea, North| forest_and_woodland (* 74 %) );; line 60358 (wfb::land_use |Korea, North| other (* 7 %) );; line 60360 (wfb::measurement-date irrigated_land |Korea, North| date_1989 );; line 60364 (wfb::irrigated_land |Korea, North| (* 14000 sq_km) );; line 60364 (wfb::environment |Korea, North| current_issues "localized air pollution attributable to inadequate industrial controls" );; line 60369 (wfb::environment |Korea, North| current_issues "water pollution" );; line 60369 (wfb::environment |Korea, North| current_issues "inadequate supplies of potable water" );; line 60369 (wfb::environment |Korea, North| natural_hazards "late spring droughts often followed by severe flooding" );; line 60372 (wfb::environment |Korea, North| natural_hazards "occasional typhoons during the early fall" );; line 60372 (wfb::environment |Korea, North| international_agreements "party to - Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Environmental Modification, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution" );; line 60375 (wfb::environment |Korea, North| international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Law of the Sea" );; line 60375 (wfb::note |Korea, North| "strategic location bordering China, South Korea, and Russia; mountainous interior is isolated, nearly inaccessible, and sparsely populated" );; line 60381 (wfb::estimation-date population |Korea, North| date_jul_1995 );; line 60388 (wfb::population |Korea, North| 23486550 );; line 60388 (wfb::age_structure |Korea, North| 0-14_years (* 30 %) );; line 60393 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex |Korea, North| 0-14_years female 3402672 );; line 60393 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex |Korea, North| 0-14_years male 3540313 );; line 60393 (wfb::age_structure |Korea, North| 15-64_years (* 66 %) );; line 60395 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex |Korea, North| 15-64_years female 7840465 );; line 60395 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex |Korea, North| 15-64_years male 7741155 );; line 60395 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure |Korea, North| 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 60397 (wfb::age_structure |Korea, North| 65_years_and_over (* 4 %) );; line 60397 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex |Korea, North| 65_years_and_over female 622250 );; line 60397 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex |Korea, North| 65_years_and_over male 339695 );; line 60397 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate |Korea, North| date_1995 );; line 60401 (wfb::population_growth_rate |Korea, North| (* 1.78 %) );; line 60401 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate |Korea, North| date_1995 );; line 60405 (wfb::birth_rate |Korea, North| (* 23.31 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 60405 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate |Korea, North| date_1995 );; line 60409 (wfb::death_rate |Korea, North| (* 5.47 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 60409 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate |Korea, North| date_1995 );; line 60413 (wfb::net_migration_rate |Korea, North| (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 60413 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate |Korea, North| date_1995 );; line 60417 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate |Korea, North| (* 26.8 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 60417 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth |Korea, North| total_population (* 70.05 years) );; line 60422 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth |Korea, North| male (* 66.96 years) );; line 60424 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth |Korea, North| female date_1995 );; line 60426 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth |Korea, North| female (* 73.29 years) );; line 60426 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate |Korea, North| date_1995 );; line 60430 (wfb::total_fertility_rate |Korea, North| (* 2.34 children_born/woman) );; line 60430 (wfb::nationality |Korea, North| noun "Korean(s)" );; line 60435 (wfb::nationality |Korea, North| adjective "Korean" );; line 60437 (wfb::ethnic-entity |Korea, North| racially_homogeneous n/a );; line 60441 (wfb::religion |Korea, North| buddhism_and_confucianism n/a );; line 60445 (wfb::religion |Korea, North| some_christianity_and_syncretic_chondogyo n/a );; line 60445 (wfb::comment religions |Korea, North| "autonomous religious activities now almost nonexistent; government-sponsored religious groups exist to provide illusion of religious freedom" );; line 60448 (wfb::language |Korea, North| korean n/a );; line 60453 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition |Korea, North| date_1990 );; line 60457 (wfb::literacy-condition |Korea, North| "age 15 and over can read and write Korean" );; line 60457 (wfb::literacy |Korea, North| total_population (* 99 %) );; line 60459 (wfb::literacy |Korea, North| male (* 99 %) );; line 60461 (wfb::literacy |Korea, North| female (* 99 %) );; line 60463 (wfb::total_labor_force |Korea, North| 9.615e6 );; line 60467 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation |Korea, North| agricultural (* 36 %) );; line 60469 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation |Korea, North| nonagricultural (* 64 %) );; line 60469 (wfb::comment labor_force |Korea, North| "shortage of skilled and unskilled labor (mid-1987 est.)" );; line 60471 (wfb::names |Korea, North| conventional_long_form "Democratic People's Republic of Korea" );; line 60477 (wfb::names |Korea, North| conventional_short_form "North Korea" );; line 60479 (wfb::names |Korea, North| local_long_form "Choson-minjujuui-inmin-konghwaguk" );; line 60481 (wfb::comment names |Korea, North| "the North Koreans generally use the term \"Choson\" to refer to their country" );; line 60485 (wfb::abbreviation |Korea, North| "DPRK" );; line 60490 (wfb::digraph |Korea, North| "KN" );; line 60494 (wfb::type |Korea, North| "Communist state; Stalinist dictatorship" );; line 60498 (wfb::capital |Korea, North| |P'yongyang-Korea, North| );; line 60502 (wfb::administrative_division |adm_div_Korea, North_provinces| "provinces" "do" "do" );; line 60506 (wfb::administrative_divisions |Korea, North| |adm_div_Korea, North_provinces| 9 );; line 60506 (wfb::administrative_division |adm_div_Korea, North_special cities| "special cities" "jikhalsi" "jikhalsi" );; line 60506 (wfb::administrative_divisions |Korea, North| |adm_div_Korea, North_special cities| 3 );; line 60506 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Korea, North| |adm_div_Korea, North_provinces| "Chagang-do (Chagang Province)" );; line 60506 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Korea, North| |adm_div_Korea, North_provinces| "Hamgyong-bukto (North Hamgyong Province)" );; line 60506 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Korea, North| |adm_div_Korea, North_provinces| "Hamgyong-namdo (South Hamgyong Province)" );; line 60506 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Korea, North| |adm_div_Korea, North_provinces| "Hwanghae-bukto (North Hwanghae Province)" );; line 60506 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Korea, North| |adm_div_Korea, North_provinces| "Hwanghae-namdo (South Hwanghae Province)" );; line 60506 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Korea, North| |adm_div_Korea, North_special cities| "Kaesong-si (Kaesong City)" );; line 60506 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Korea, North| |adm_div_Korea, North_provinces| "Kangwon-do (Kangwon Province)" );; line 60506 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Korea, North| |adm_div_Korea, North_special cities| "Namp'o-si (Namp'o City)" );; line 60506 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Korea, North| |adm_div_Korea, North_provinces| "P'yongan-bukto (North P'yongan Province)" );; line 60506 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Korea, North| |adm_div_Korea, North_provinces| "P'yongan-namdo (South P'yongan Province)" );; line 60506 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Korea, North| |adm_div_Korea, North_special cities| "P'yongyang-si (P'yongyang City)" );; line 60506 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Korea, North| |adm_div_Korea, North_provinces| "Yanggang-do (Yanggang Province)" );; line 60506 (wfb::independence |Korea, North| date_9_sep_1948 "n/a" );; line 60517 (wfb::comment independence |Korea, North| "15 August 1945, date of independence from the Japanese and celebrated in North Korea as National Liberation Day" );; line 60519 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1948 );; line 60524 (wfb::comment national_holiday |Korea, North| "1948" );; line 60524 (wfb::national_holiday |Korea, North| "DPRK Foundation Day" date_9_sep );; line 60524 (wfb::constitution |Korea, North| "adopted 1948, completely revised 27 December 1972, revised again in April 1992" );; line 60528 (wfb::legal_system |Korea, North| "based on German civil law system with Japanese influences and Communist legal theory; no judicial review of legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 60533 (wfb::comment suffrage |Korea, North| " universal" );; line 60539 (wfb::suffrage |Korea, North| (* 17 years_of_age) );; line 60539 (wfb::comment executive_branch |Korea, North| chief_of_state "formal succession has not yet taken place (January 1995)" );; line 60544 (wfb::comment executive_branch |Korea, North| chief_of_state "election last held 24 May 1990 (next to be held by NA)" );; line 60544 (wfb::comment executive_branch |Korea, North| chief_of_state "results - President KIM Il-song was reelected without opposition" );; line 60544 (wfb::executive_branch |Korea, North| chief_of_state "KIM Chong-il, is the son of and designated successor to former President KIM Il-song (who died 8 July 1994)" n/a );; line 60544 (wfb::executive_branch |Korea, North| head_of_government "Premier KANG Song-san " date_dec_1992 );; line 60549 (wfb::comment executive_branch |Korea, North| cabinet "appointed by the Supreme People's Assembly" );; line 60551 (wfb::executive_branch |Korea, North| cabinet "State Administration Council" );; line 60551 (wfb::legislative_structure |Korea, North| unicameral n/a );; line 60556 (wfb::legislative_branch |Korea, North| "Supreme People's Assembly (Ch'oego Inmin Hoeui)" "elections last held on 7-9 April 1990 (next to be held NA); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (687 total) the KWP approves a single list of candidates who are elected without opposition; minor parties hold a few seats" );; line 60558 (wfb::judicial_branch |Korea, North| "Central Court" );; line 60565 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders |Korea, North| "major party - Korean Workers' Party (KWP), KIM Chong-il, secretary, Central Committee; Korean Social Democratic Party, KIM Pyong-sik, chairman; Chondoist Chongu Party, YU Mi-yong, chairwoman" );; line 60569 (wfb::member_of |Korea, North| escap );; line 60575 (wfb::member_of |Korea, North| fao );; line 60575 (wfb::member_of |Korea, North| g-77 );; line 60575 (wfb::member_of |Korea, North| icao );; line 60575 (wfb::member_of |Korea, North| ifad );; line 60575 (wfb::member_of |Korea, North| ifrcs );; line 60575 (wfb::member_of |Korea, North| imo );; line 60575 (wfb::member_of |Korea, North| intelsat );; line 60575 (wfb::comment member_of |Korea, North| intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 60575 (wfb::member_of |Korea, North| ioc );; line 60575 (wfb::member_of |Korea, North| iso );; line 60575 (wfb::member_of |Korea, North| itu );; line 60575 (wfb::member_of |Korea, North| nam );; line 60575 (wfb::member_of |Korea, North| un );; line 60575 (wfb::member_of |Korea, North| unctad );; line 60575 (wfb::member_of |Korea, North| unesco );; line 60575 (wfb::member_of |Korea, North| unido );; line 60575 (wfb::member_of |Korea, North| upu );; line 60575 (wfb::member_of |Korea, North| wftu );; line 60575 (wfb::member_of |Korea, North| who );; line 60575 (wfb::member_of |Korea, North| wipo );; line 60575 (wfb::member_of |Korea, North| wmo );; line 60575 (wfb::member_of |Korea, North| wto );; line 60575 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us |Korea, North| "none" );; line 60581 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation |Korea, North| "none" );; line 60585 (wfb::flag |Korea, North| "three horizontal bands of blue (top), red (triple width), and blue; the red band is edged in white; on the hoist side of the red band is a white disk with a red five-pointed star" );; line 60589 (wfb::overview |Korea, North| "More than 90% of this command economy is socialized; agricultural land is collectivized; and state-owned industry produces 95% of manufactured goods. State control of economic affairs is unusually tight even for a Communist country because of the small size and homogeneity of the society and the strict rule of KIM Il-song in the past and now his son, KIM Chong-il. Economic growth during the period 1984-88 averaged 2%-3%, but output declined by 3%-5% annually during 1989-92 because of systemic problems and disruptions in socialist-style economic relations with the former USSR and China. In 1992, output dropped sharply, by perhaps 7%-9%, as the economy felt the cumulative effect of the reduction in outside support. The leadership insisted on maintaining its high level of military outlays from a shrinking economic pie. Moreover, a serious drawdown in inventories and critical shortages in the energy sector have led to increasing interruptions in industrial production. Abundant mineral resources and hydropower have formed the basis of industrial development since World War II. Output of the extractive industries includes coal, iron ore, magnesite, graphite, copper, zinc, lead, and precious metals. Manufacturing is centered on heavy industry, including military industry, with light industry lagging far behind. Despite the use of improved seed varieties, expansion of irrigation, and the heavy use of fertilizers, North Korea has not yet become self-sufficient in food production. Indeed, a shortage of arable lands, several years of poor harvests, and a cumbersome distribution system have resulted in chronic food shortages. The collapse of Communism in the former Soviet Union and Eastern Europe in 1989-91 has disrupted important technological links. North Korea remains far behind South Korea in economic development and living standards. GDP is stagnant." );; line 60596 (wfb::estimation-date national_product |Korea, North| date_1994 );; line 60624 (wfb::national_product |Korea, North| (* 21.3e9 $) );; line 60624 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate |Korea, North| date_1994 );; line 60628 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate |Korea, North| (* 0 %) );; line 60628 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita |Korea, North| date_1994 );; line 60632 (wfb::national_product_per_capita |Korea, North| (* 920 $) );; line 60632 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| |Korea, North| "NA%" );; line 60636 (wfb::unemployment_rate |Korea, North| (* n/a %) );; line 60640 (wfb::budget |Korea, North| revenues (* 19.3e9 $) );; line 60645 (wfb::estimation-date budget |Korea, North| date_1992 );; line 60647 (wfb::budget |Korea, North| expenditures (* 19.3e9 $) );; line 60647 (wfb::budget |Korea, North| capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 60647 (wfb::exports |Korea, North| (* 1.02e9 $) );; line 60651 (wfb::comment exports |Korea, North| commodities "including armaments" );; line 60653 (wfb::exports |Korea, North| commodities minerals n/a );; line 60653 (wfb::exports |Korea, North| commodities metallurgical_products n/a );; line 60653 (wfb::exports |Korea, North| commodities agricultural_and_fishery_products n/a );; line 60653 (wfb::exports |Korea, North| commodities manufactures n/a );; line 60653 (wfb::exports |Korea, North| partners china n/a );; line 60656 (wfb::exports |Korea, North| partners japan n/a );; line 60656 (wfb::exports |Korea, North| partners russia n/a );; line 60656 (wfb::exports |Korea, North| partners south_korea n/a );; line 60656 (wfb::exports |Korea, North| partners germany n/a );; line 60656 (wfb::exports |Korea, North| partners hong_kong n/a );; line 60656 (wfb::imports |Korea, North| (* 1.64e9 $) );; line 60660 (wfb::imports |Korea, North| commodities petroleum-commodity n/a );; line 60662 (wfb::imports |Korea, North| commodities grain n/a );; line 60662 (wfb::imports |Korea, North| commodities coking_coal n/a );; line 60662 (wfb::imports |Korea, North| commodities machinery_and_equipment n/a );; line 60662 (wfb::imports |Korea, North| commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 60662 (wfb::imports |Korea, North| partners china n/a );; line 60665 (wfb::imports |Korea, North| partners russia n/a );; line 60665 (wfb::imports |Korea, North| partners japan n/a );; line 60665 (wfb::imports |Korea, North| partners hong_kong n/a );; line 60665 (wfb::imports |Korea, North| partners germany n/a );; line 60665 (wfb::imports |Korea, North| partners singapore n/a );; line 60665 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt |Korea, North| date_1992 );; line 60669 (wfb::external_debt |Korea, North| (* 8e9 $) );; line 60669 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1992 );; line 60673 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production |Korea, North| date_1992 );; line 60673 (wfb::>= range_-7%_to_-9% |(* -7 %)| );; line 60673 (wfb::=< range_-7%_to_-9% (* -9 %) );; line 60673 (wfb::industrial_production |Korea, North| growth_rate range_-7% to -9% );; line 60673 (wfb::electricity |Korea, North| capacity (* 9500000 kw) );; line 60678 (wfb::electricity |Korea, North| production (* 50e9 kwh) );; line 60680 (wfb::measurement-date electricity |Korea, North| consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 60682 (wfb::electricity |Korea, North| consumption_per_capita (* 2053 kwh) );; line 60682 (wfb::industry |Korea, North| machine_building );; line 60686 (wfb::industry |Korea, North| military_products );; line 60686 (wfb::industry |Korea, North| electric_power );; line 60686 (wfb::industry |Korea, North| chemicals );; line 60686 (wfb::industry |Korea, North| mining );; line 60686 (wfb::industry |Korea, North| metallurgy );; line 60686 (wfb::industry |Korea, North| textiles );; line 60686 (wfb::industry |Korea, North| food_processing );; line 60686 (wfb::agriculture |Korea, North| "accounts for about 25% of GDP and 36% of work force; principal crops - rice, corn, potatoes, soybeans, pulses; livestock and livestock products - cattle, hogs, pork, eggs; not self-sufficient in grain" );; line 60691 (wfb::economic_aid |Korea, North| recipient "Communist countries, $1.4 billion a year in the 1980s, but very little now" );; line 60698 (wfb::abbreviation north_korean_won "Wn" );; line 60703 (wfb::currency |Korea, North| north_korean_won 100 chon );; line 60703 (wfb::exchange_rates |Korea, North| "North Korean won (Wn) per US$1 - 2.15 (May 1994), 2.13 (May 1992), 2.14 (September 1991), 2.1 (January 1990), 2.3 (December 1989)" );; line 60707 (wfb::fiscal_year |Korea, North| date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 60712 (wfb::railroads |Korea, North| total "4,915 km" );; line 60718 (wfb::railroads |Korea, North| standard_gauge "4,250 km 1.435-m gauge (3,397 km electrified; 159 km double track)" );; line 60720 (wfb::railroads |Korea, North| narrow_gauge "665 km 0.762-m gauge (1989)" );; line 60723 (wfb::highways |Korea, North| total (* 30000 km) );; line 60728 (wfb::highways |Korea, North| paved (* 1861 km) );; line 60730 (wfb::measurement-date highways |Korea, North| date_1992 );; line 60732 (wfb::highways |Korea, North| (union gravel crushed_stone earth ) (* 28139 km) );; line 60732 (wfb::inland_waterways |Korea, North| "2,253 km; mostly navigable by small craft only" );; line 60736 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 37 km) );; line 60740 (wfb::port |Korea, North| |Ch'ongjin-Korea, North| );; line 60744 (wfb::port |Korea, North| |Haeju-Korea, North| );; line 60744 (wfb::port |Korea, North| |Hungnam-Korea, North| );; line 60744 (wfb::comment port |Korea, North| |Hungnam-Korea, North| "Hamhung" );; line 60744 (wfb::port |Korea, North| |Kimch'aek-Korea, North| );; line 60744 (wfb::port |Korea, North| |Kosong-Korea, North| );; line 60744 (wfb::port |Korea, North| |Najin-Korea, North| );; line 60744 (wfb::port |Korea, North| |Namp'o-Korea, North| );; line 60744 (wfb::port |Korea, North| |Sinuiju-Korea, North| );; line 60744 (wfb::port |Korea, North| |Songnim-Korea, North| );; line 60744 (wfb::port |Korea, North| |Sonbong-Korea, North| );; line 60744 (wfb::comment port |Korea, North| |Sonbong-Korea, North| "formerly Unggi" );; line 60744 (wfb::port |Korea, North| |Ungsang-Korea, North| );; line 60744 (wfb::port |Korea, North| |Wonsan-Korea, North| );; line 60744 (wfb::merchant_marine |Korea, North| total "87 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 727,631 GRT/1,149,291 DWT" );; line 60750 (wfb::merchant_marine |Korea, North| ships_by_type "bulk 9, cargo 70, combination bulk 1, oil tanker 3, passenger 2, passenger-cargo 1, short-sea passenger 1" );; line 60752 (wfb::comment merchant_marine |Korea, North| "North Korea owns an additional 4 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling approximately 32,405 DWT that operate under Honduran registry" );; line 60755 (wfb::airports |Korea, North| total 49 );; line 60761 (wfb::airports |Korea, North| |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 2 );; line 60763 (wfb::airports |Korea, North| |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 15 );; line 60765 (wfb::airports |Korea, North| |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 2 );; line 60767 (wfb::airports |Korea, North| |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 60769 (wfb::airports |Korea, North| with_paved_runways_under_914_m 2 );; line 60771 (wfb::airports |Korea, North| |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 4 );; line 60773 (wfb::airports |Korea, North| |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 5 );; line 60775 (wfb::airports |Korea, North| |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 12 );; line 60777 (wfb::airports |Korea, North| with_unpaved_runways_under_914_m 6 );; line 60779 (wfb::telephone_system |Korea, North| "telephone system is believed to be available only to government officials and not to private individuals" );; line 60784 (wfb::telephone_system |Korea, North| local "NA" );; line 60787 (wfb::telephone_system |Korea, North| intercity "NA" );; line 60789 (wfb::telephone_system |Korea, North| international "1 earth station near P'yongyang, uses an Indian Ocean INTELSAT satellite; other international connections through Moscow and Beijing" );; line 60791 (wfb::radio |Korea, North| broadcast_stations am 18 );; line 60797 (wfb::radio |Korea, North| broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 60797 (wfb::radio |Korea, North| broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 60797 (wfb::radio |Korea, North| radios 3.5e6 );; line 60799 (wfb::television |Korea, North| broadcast_stations 11 );; line 60804 (wfb::measurement-date television |Korea, North| televisions date_1989 );; line 60806 (wfb::television |Korea, North| televisions 350000 );; line 60806 (wfb::comment defense_branch |Korea, North| |Korean People's Army_Korea, North| "includes Army, Navy, Air Force" );; line 60812 (wfb::defense_branch |Korea, North| |Korean People's Army_Korea, North| );; line 60812 (wfb::defense_branch |Korea, North| |Civil Security Forces_Korea, North| );; line 60812 (wfb::manpower_availability |Korea, North| "males age 15-49 6,753,400; males fit for military service 4,094,854; males reach military age (18) annually 193,480 (1995 est.)" );; line 60817 (wfb::markup-parameter figure |Korea, South| "graphno=\"ks.tif\"" );; line 60830 (wfb::location |Korea, South| "Eastern Asia, southern half of the Korean peninsula bordering the Sea of Japan and the Yellow Sea, south of North Korea" );; line 60834 (wfb::map_references |Korea, South| "Asia" );; line 60839 (wfb::area |Korea, South| total_area (* 98480 sq_km) );; line 60844 (wfb::area |Korea, South| land_area (* 98190 sq_km) );; line 60846 (wfb::area |Korea, South| comparative_area "slightly larger than Indiana" );; line 60848 (wfb::borders |Korea, South| total (* 238 km) );; line 60852 (wfb::borders |Korea, South| north_korea (* 238 km) );; line 60852 (wfb::coastline |Korea, South| (* 2413 km) );; line 60856 (wfb::international_disputes |Korea, South| "Demarcation Line with North Korea" );; line 60867 (wfb::international_disputes |Korea, South| "Liancourt Rocks claimed by Japan" );; line 60867 (wfb::climate |Korea, South| "temperate, with rainfall heavier in summer than winter" );; line 60872 (wfb::terrain |Korea, South| "mostly hills and mountains" );; line 60876 (wfb::terrain |Korea, South| "wide coastal plains in west and south" );; line 60876 (wfb::natural-resource |Korea, South| coal );; line 60880 (wfb::natural-resource |Korea, South| tungsten );; line 60880 (wfb::natural-resource |Korea, South| graphite );; line 60880 (wfb::natural-resource |Korea, South| molybdenum );; line 60880 (wfb::natural-resource |Korea, South| lead );; line 60880 (wfb::natural-resource |Korea, South| hydropower-natural-resource );; line 60880 (wfb::land_use |Korea, South| arable_land (* 21 %) );; line 60885 (wfb::land_use |Korea, South| permanent_crops (* 1 %) );; line 60887 (wfb::land_use |Korea, South| meadows_and_pastures (* 1 %) );; line 60889 (wfb::land_use |Korea, South| forest_and_woodland (* 67 %) );; line 60891 (wfb::land_use |Korea, South| other (* 10 %) );; line 60893 (wfb::measurement-date irrigated_land |Korea, South| date_1989 );; line 60897 (wfb::irrigated_land |Korea, South| (* 13530 sq_km) );; line 60897 (wfb::environment |Korea, South| current_issues "air pollution in large cities" );; line 60902 (wfb::environment |Korea, South| current_issues "water pollution from the discharge of sewage and industrial effluents" );; line 60902 (wfb::environment |Korea, South| current_issues "driftnet fishing" );; line 60902 (wfb::environment |Korea, South| natural_hazards "occasional typhoons bring high winds and floods" );; line 60905 (wfb::environment |Korea, South| natural_hazards "earthquakes in southwest" );; line 60905 (wfb::environment |Korea, South| international_agreements "party to - Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Whaling" );; line 60908 (wfb::environment |Korea, South| international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Desertification, Law of the Sea" );; line 60908 (wfb::estimation-date population |Korea, South| date_jul_1995 );; line 60918 (wfb::population |Korea, South| 45553882 );; line 60918 (wfb::age_structure |Korea, South| 0-14_years (* 24 %) );; line 60923 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex |Korea, South| 0-14_years female 5280998 );; line 60923 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex |Korea, South| 0-14_years male 5640789 );; line 60923 (wfb::age_structure |Korea, South| 15-64_years (* 71 %) );; line 60925 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex |Korea, South| 15-64_years female 15877182 );; line 60925 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex |Korea, South| 15-64_years male 16291183 );; line 60925 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure |Korea, South| 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 60927 (wfb::age_structure |Korea, South| 65_years_and_over (* 5 %) );; line 60927 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex |Korea, South| 65_years_and_over female 1554512 );; line 60927 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex |Korea, South| 65_years_and_over male 909218 );; line 60927 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate |Korea, South| date_1995 );; line 60931 (wfb::population_growth_rate |Korea, South| (* 1.04 %) );; line 60931 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate |Korea, South| date_1995 );; line 60935 (wfb::birth_rate |Korea, South| (* 15.63 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 60935 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate |Korea, South| date_1995 );; line 60939 (wfb::death_rate |Korea, South| (* 6.18 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 60939 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate |Korea, South| date_1995 );; line 60943 (wfb::net_migration_rate |Korea, South| (* 0.9 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 60943 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate |Korea, South| date_1995 );; line 60947 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate |Korea, South| (* 20.9 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 60947 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth |Korea, South| total_population (* 70.89 years) );; line 60952 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth |Korea, South| male (* 67.69 years) );; line 60954 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth |Korea, South| female date_1995 );; line 60956 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth |Korea, South| female (* 74.29 years) );; line 60956 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate |Korea, South| date_1995 );; line 60960 (wfb::total_fertility_rate |Korea, South| (* 1.66 children_born/woman) );; line 60960 (wfb::nationality |Korea, South| noun "Korean(s)" );; line 60965 (wfb::nationality |Korea, South| adjective "Korean" );; line 60967 (wfb::comment ethnic_divisions |Korea, South| "except for about 20,000 Chinese" );; line 60971 (wfb::ethnic-entity |Korea, South| homogeneous n/a );; line 60971 (wfb::religion |Korea, South| christianity (* 48.6 %) );; line 60975 (wfb::religion |Korea, South| buddhism (* 47.4 %) );; line 60975 (wfb::religion |Korea, South| confucianism (* 3 %) );; line 60975 (wfb::religion |Korea, South| union14 (* 0.2 %) );; line 60975 (wfb::language |Korea, South| korean n/a );; line 60980 (wfb::language |Korea, South| english_widely_taught_in_high_school n/a );; line 60980 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition |Korea, South| date_1990 );; line 60984 (wfb::literacy-condition |Korea, South| "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 60984 (wfb::literacy |Korea, South| total_population (* 96 %) );; line 60986 (wfb::literacy |Korea, South| male (* 99 %) );; line 60988 (wfb::literacy |Korea, South| female (* 94 %) );; line 60990 (wfb::total_labor_force |Korea, South| 20e6 );; line 60994 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force |Korea, South| by_occupation date_1991 );; line 60996 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1991 );; line 60996 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation |Korea, South| services_and_other (* 52 %) );; line 60996 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation |Korea, South| mining_and_manufacturing (* 27 %) );; line 60996 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation |Korea, South| agriculture n/a );; line 60996 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation |Korea, South| fishing-occupation-type n/a );; line 60996 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation |Korea, South| forestry (* 21 %) );; line 60996 (wfb::names |Korea, South| conventional_long_form "Republic of Korea" );; line 61003 (wfb::names |Korea, South| conventional_short_form "South Korea" );; line 61005 (wfb::names |Korea, South| local_long_form "Taehan-min'guk" );; line 61007 (wfb::comment names |Korea, South| "the South Koreans generally use the term \"Hanguk\" to refer to their country" );; line 61011 (wfb::abbreviation |Korea, South| "ROK" );; line 61016 (wfb::digraph |Korea, South| "KS" );; line 61020 (wfb::type |Korea, South| "republic" );; line 61024 (wfb::capital |Korea, South| |Seoul-Korea, South| );; line 61028 (wfb::administrative_division |adm_div_Korea, South_provinces| "provinces" "do" "do" );; line 61032 (wfb::administrative_divisions |Korea, South| |adm_div_Korea, South_provinces| 9 );; line 61032 (wfb::administrative_division |adm_div_Korea, South_special cities| "special cities" "jikhalsi" "jikhalsi" );; line 61032 (wfb::administrative_divisions |Korea, South| |adm_div_Korea, South_special cities| 6 );; line 61032 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Korea, South| |adm_div_Korea, South_provinces| "Cheju-do" );; line 61032 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Korea, South| |adm_div_Korea, South_provinces| "Cholla-bukto" );; line 61032 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Korea, South| |adm_div_Korea, South_provinces| "Cholla-namdo" );; line 61032 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Korea, South| |adm_div_Korea, South_provinces| "Ch'ungch'ong-bukto" );; line 61032 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Korea, South| |adm_div_Korea, South_provinces| "Ch'ungch'ong-namdo" );; line 61032 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Korea, South| |adm_div_Korea, South_special cities| "Inch'on-jikhalsi" );; line 61032 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Korea, South| |adm_div_Korea, South_provinces| "Kangwon-do" );; line 61032 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Korea, South| |adm_div_Korea, South_special cities| "Kwangju-jikhalsi" );; line 61032 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Korea, South| |adm_div_Korea, South_provinces| "Kyonggi-do" );; line 61032 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Korea, South| |adm_div_Korea, South_provinces| "Kyongsang-bukto" );; line 61032 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Korea, South| |adm_div_Korea, South_provinces| "Kyongsang-namdo" );; line 61032 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Korea, South| |adm_div_Korea, South_special cities| "Pusan-jikhalsi" );; line 61032 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Korea, South| |adm_div_Korea, South_special cities| "Soul-t'ukpyolsi" );; line 61032 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Korea, South| |adm_div_Korea, South_special cities| "Taegu-jikhalsi" );; line 61032 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Korea, South| |adm_div_Korea, South_special cities| "Taejon-jikhalsi" );; line 61032 (wfb::independence |Korea, South| date_15_aug_1948 "n/a" );; line 61040 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1948 );; line 61044 (wfb::comment national_holiday |Korea, South| "1948" );; line 61044 (wfb::national_holiday |Korea, South| "Independence Day" date_15_aug );; line 61044 (wfb::constitution |Korea, South| "25 February 1988" );; line 61048 (wfb::legal_system |Korea, South| "combines elements of continental European civil law systems, Anglo-American law, and Chinese classical thought" );; line 61052 (wfb::comment suffrage |Korea, South| " universal" );; line 61057 (wfb::suffrage |Korea, South| (* 20 years_of_age) );; line 61057 (wfb::comment executive_branch |Korea, South| chief_of_state "election last held on 18 December 1992 (next to be held NA December 1997)" );; line 61062 (wfb::comment executive_branch |Korea, South| chief_of_state "results - KIM Yong-sam (DLP) 41.9%, KIM Tae-chung (DP) 33.8%, CHONG Chu-yong (UPP) 16.3%, other 8%" );; line 61062 (wfb::executive_branch |Korea, South| chief_of_state "President KIM Yong-sam " date_25_feb_1993 );; line 61062 (wfb::comment executive_branch |Korea, South| head_of_government "Deputy Prime Minister HONG Chae-yong (since 4 October 1994) and Deputy Prime Minister KIM Tok (since 23 December 1994)" );; line 61067 (wfb::executive_branch |Korea, South| head_of_government "Prime Minister YI Hong-ku " date_17_dec_1994 );; line 61067 (wfb::comment executive_branch |Korea, South| cabinet "appointed by the president on the prime minister's recommendation" );; line 61071 (wfb::executive_branch |Korea, South| cabinet "State Council" );; line 61071 (wfb::legislative_structure |Korea, South| unicameral n/a );; line 61076 (wfb::legislative_branch |Korea, South| "National Assembly (Kukhoe)" "elections last held on 24 March 1992; results - DLP 38.5%, DP 29.2%, Unification National Party (UNP) 17.3% (name later changed to UPP), other 15%; seats - (299 total) DLP 149, DP 97, UNP 31, other 22; the distribution of seats as of January 1994 was DLP 172, DP 96, UPP 11, other 20" );; line 61078 (wfb::comment legislative_branch |Korea, South| "the change in the distribution of seats reflects the fluidity of the current situation where party members are constantly switching from one party to another" );; line 61083 (wfb::judicial_branch |Korea, South| "Supreme Court" );; line 61089 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders |Korea, South| majority_party "Democratic Liberal Party (DLP), KIM Yong-sam, president" );; line 61094 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders |Korea, South| opposition "Democratic Party (DP), YI Ki-taek, executive chairman; United People's Party (UPP), KIM Tong-kil, chairman; several smaller parties" );; line 61096 (wfb::comment political_parties_and_leaders |Korea, South| "the DLP resulted from a merger of the Democratic Justice Party (DJP), Reunification Democratic Party (RDP), and New Democratic Republican Party (NDRP) on 9 February 1990" );; line 61099 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups |Korea, South| "Korean National Council of Churches; National Democratic Alliance of Korea; National Federation of Student Associations; National Federation of Farmers' Associations; National Council of Labor Unions; Federation of Korean Trade Unions; Korean Veterans' Association; Federation of Korean Industries; Korean Traders Association" );; line 61105 (wfb::member_of |Korea, South| afdb );; line 61113 (wfb::member_of |Korea, South| apec );; line 61113 (wfb::member_of |Korea, South| asdb );; line 61113 (wfb::member_of |Korea, South| ccc );; line 61113 (wfb::member_of |Korea, South| cp );; line 61113 (wfb::member_of |Korea, South| ebrd );; line 61113 (wfb::member_of |Korea, South| escap );; line 61113 (wfb::member_of |Korea, South| fao );; line 61113 (wfb::member_of |Korea, South| g-77 );; line 61113 (wfb::member_of |Korea, South| gatt );; line 61113 (wfb::member_of |Korea, South| iaea );; line 61113 (wfb::member_of |Korea, South| ibrd );; line 61113 (wfb::member_of |Korea, South| icao );; line 61113 (wfb::member_of |Korea, South| icc );; line 61113 (wfb::member_of |Korea, South| icftu );; line 61113 (wfb::member_of |Korea, South| icrm );; line 61113 (wfb::member_of |Korea, South| ida );; line 61113 (wfb::member_of |Korea, South| ifad );; line 61113 (wfb::member_of |Korea, South| ifc );; line 61113 (wfb::member_of |Korea, South| ifrcs );; line 61113 (wfb::member_of |Korea, South| ilo );; line 61113 (wfb::member_of |Korea, South| imf );; line 61113 (wfb::member_of |Korea, South| imo );; line 61113 (wfb::member_of |Korea, South| inmarsat );; line 61113 (wfb::member_of |Korea, South| intelsat );; line 61113 (wfb::member_of |Korea, South| interpol );; line 61113 (wfb::member_of |Korea, South| ioc );; line 61113 (wfb::member_of |Korea, South| iom );; line 61113 (wfb::member_of |Korea, South| iso );; line 61113 (wfb::member_of |Korea, South| itu );; line 61113 (wfb::member_of |Korea, South| oas );; line 61113 (wfb::comment member_of |Korea, South| oas "observer" );; line 61113 (wfb::member_of |Korea, South| un );; line 61113 (wfb::member_of |Korea, South| unctad );; line 61113 (wfb::member_of |Korea, South| unesco );; line 61113 (wfb::member_of |Korea, South| unido );; line 61113 (wfb::member_of |Korea, South| unu );; line 61113 (wfb::member_of |Korea, South| upu );; line 61113 (wfb::member_of |Korea, South| who );; line 61113 (wfb::member_of |Korea, South| wipo );; line 61113 (wfb::member_of |Korea, South| wmo );; line 61113 (wfb::member_of |Korea, South| wto );; line 61113 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us |Korea, South| chief_of_mission "Ambassador PAK Kun-u" );; line 61121 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us |Korea, South| chancery "2450 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 61123 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us |Korea, South| telephone "[1] (202) 939-5600" );; line 61125 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us |Korea, South| |consulate(s) general| "Agana (Guam), Anchorage, Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Honolulu, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New York, San Francisco, and Seattle" );; line 61127 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation |Korea, South| chief_of_mission "Ambassador James T. LANEY" );; line 61133 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation |Korea, South| embassy "82 Sejong-Ro, Chongro-ku, Seoul" );; line 61135 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation |Korea, South| mailing_address "American Embassy, Unit 15550, Seoul; APO AP 96205-0001" );; line 61137 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation |Korea, South| telephone "[82] (2) 397-4114" );; line 61139 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation |Korea, South| fax "[82] (2) 738-8845" );; line 61141 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation |Korea, South| |consulate(s)| "Pusan" );; line 61143 (wfb::flag |Korea, South| "white with a red (top) and blue yin-yang symbol in the center; there is a different black trigram from the ancient I Ching (Book of Changes) in each corner of the white field" );; line 61147 (wfb::overview |Korea, South| "The driving force behind the economy's dynamic growth has been the planned development of an export-oriented economy in a vigorously entrepreneurial society. Real GDP increased more than 10% annually between 1986 and 1991. This growth ultimately led to an overheated situation characterized by a tight labor market, strong inflationary pressures, and a rapidly rising current account deficit. As a result, in 1992, economic policy focused on slowing the growth rate of inflation and reducing the deficit. Annual growth slowed to 5%, still above the rate in most other countries of the world, and recovered to 6.3% in 1993. The economy expanded by 8.3% in 1994, driven by booming exports." );; line 61154 (wfb::estimation-date national_product |Korea, South| date_1994 );; line 61167 (wfb::national_product |Korea, South| (* 508.3e9 $) );; line 61167 (wfb::measurement-date national_product_real_growth_rate |Korea, South| date_1994 );; line 61171 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate |Korea, South| (* 8.3 %) );; line 61171 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita |Korea, South| date_1994 );; line 61175 (wfb::national_product_per_capita |Korea, South| (* 11270 $) );; line 61175 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| |Korea, South| "5.6% (1994)" );; line 61179 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate |Korea, South| date_nov_1994 );; line 61183 (wfb::unemployment_rate |Korea, South| (* 2 %) );; line 61183 (wfb::budget |Korea, South| revenues (* 63e9 $) );; line 61188 (wfb::estimation-date budget |Korea, South| date_1995 );; line 61190 (wfb::budget |Korea, South| expenditures (* 63e9 $) );; line 61190 (wfb::budget |Korea, South| capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 61190 (wfb::exports |Korea, South| (* 96.2e9 $) );; line 61194 (wfb::exports |Korea, South| commodities electronic_and_electrical_equipment n/a );; line 61196 (wfb::exports |Korea, South| commodities machinery n/a );; line 61196 (wfb::exports |Korea, South| commodities steel-commodity n/a );; line 61196 (wfb::exports |Korea, South| commodities automobiles n/a );; line 61196 (wfb::exports |Korea, South| commodities ships n/a );; line 61196 (wfb::exports |Korea, South| commodities textiles-commodity n/a );; line 61196 (wfb::exports |Korea, South| commodities clothing-commodity n/a );; line 61196 (wfb::exports |Korea, South| commodities footwear n/a );; line 61196 (wfb::exports |Korea, South| commodities fish-commodity n/a );; line 61196 (wfb::exports |Korea, South| partners us (* 26 %) );; line 61199 (wfb::exports |Korea, South| partners japan (* 17 %) );; line 61199 (wfb::exports |Korea, South| partners eu (* 14 %) );; line 61199 (wfb::imports |Korea, South| (* 102.3e9 $) );; line 61203 (wfb::imports |Korea, South| commodities machinery n/a );; line 61205 (wfb::imports |Korea, South| commodities electronics_and_electronic_equipment n/a );; line 61205 (wfb::imports |Korea, South| commodities oil-commodity n/a );; line 61205 (wfb::imports |Korea, South| commodities steel-commodity n/a );; line 61205 (wfb::imports |Korea, South| commodities transport_equipment n/a );; line 61205 (wfb::imports |Korea, South| commodities textiles-commodity n/a );; line 61205 (wfb::imports |Korea, South| commodities organic_chemicals n/a );; line 61205 (wfb::imports |Korea, South| commodities grains n/a );; line 61205 (wfb::imports |Korea, South| partners japan (* 26 %) );; line 61208 (wfb::imports |Korea, South| partners us (* 24 %) );; line 61208 (wfb::imports |Korea, South| partners eu (* 15 %) );; line 61208 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt |Korea, South| date_1993 );; line 61212 (wfb::external_debt |Korea, South| (* 44.1e9 $) );; line 61212 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 61216 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production |Korea, South| date_1994 );; line 61216 (wfb::industrial_production |Korea, South| growth_rate (* 12.1 %) );; line 61216 (wfb::electricity |Korea, South| capacity (* 26940000 kw) );; line 61221 (wfb::electricity |Korea, South| production (* 137e9 kwh) );; line 61223 (wfb::measurement-date electricity |Korea, South| consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 61225 (wfb::electricity |Korea, South| consumption_per_capita (* 2847 kwh) );; line 61225 (wfb::industry |Korea, South| electronics-industry );; line 61229 (wfb::industry |Korea, South| automobile_production );; line 61229 (wfb::industry |Korea, South| chemicals );; line 61229 (wfb::industry |Korea, South| shipbuilding );; line 61229 (wfb::industry |Korea, South| steel );; line 61229 (wfb::industry |Korea, South| textiles );; line 61229 (wfb::industry |Korea, South| clothing );; line 61229 (wfb::industry |Korea, South| footwear-industry );; line 61229 (wfb::industry |Korea, South| food_processing );; line 61229 (wfb::agriculture |Korea, South| "accounts for 8% of GDP and employs 21% of work force (including fishing and forestry); principal crops - rice, root crops, barley, vegetables, fruit; livestock and livestock products - cattle, hogs, chickens, milk, eggs; self-sufficient in food, except for wheat; fish catch of 2.9 million metric tons, seventh-largest in world" );; line 61234 (wfb::economic_aid |Korea, South| recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $3.9 billion; non-US countries (1970-89), $3 billion" );; line 61243 (wfb::comment currency |Korea, South| "theoretical" );; line 61248 (wfb::abbreviation south_korean_won "W" );; line 61248 (wfb::currency |Korea, South| south_korean_won 100 |chun (theoretical)| );; line 61248 (wfb::exchange_rates |Korea, South| "South Korean won (W) per US$1 - 790.48 (January 1995), 803.44 (1994), 802.67 (1993), 780.65 (1992), 733.35 (1991), 707.76 (1990)" );; line 61252 (wfb::fiscal_year |Korea, South| date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 61257 (wfb::railroads |Korea, South| total "6,763 km" );; line 61263 (wfb::railroads |Korea, South| standard_gauge "6,716 km 1.435-meter gauge (525 km electrified; 847 km double track)" );; line 61265 (wfb::railroads |Korea, South| narrow_gauge "47 km 0.610-meter gauge" );; line 61268 (wfb::highways |Korea, South| total (* 63200 km) );; line 61273 (wfb::highways |Korea, South| expressways (* 1550 km) );; line 61275 (wfb::measurement-date highways |Korea, South| date_1991 );; line 61279 (wfb::highways |Korea, South| national_highway (* 12190 km) );; line 61279 (wfb::highways |Korea, South| (union provincial local_roads ) (* 49460 km) );; line 61279 (wfb::inland_waterways |Korea, South| "1,609 km; use restricted to small native craft" );; line 61284 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 455 km) );; line 61288 (wfb::port |Korea, South| |Chinhae-Korea, South| );; line 61292 (wfb::port |Korea, South| |Inch'on-Korea, South| );; line 61292 (wfb::port |Korea, South| |Kunsan-Korea, South| );; line 61292 (wfb::port |Korea, South| |Masan-Korea, South| );; line 61292 (wfb::port |Korea, South| |Mokp'o-Korea, South| );; line 61292 (wfb::port |Korea, South| |Pohang-Korea, South| );; line 61292 (wfb::port |Korea, South| |Pusan-Korea, South| );; line 61292 (wfb::port |Korea, South| |Ulsan-Korea, South| );; line 61292 (wfb::port |Korea, South| |Yosu-Korea, South| );; line 61292 (wfb::merchant_marine |Korea, South| total "412 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 6,129,796 GRT/9,985,197 DWT" );; line 61298 (wfb::merchant_marine |Korea, South| ships_by_type "bulk 123, cargo 125, chemical tanker 17, combination bulk 1, combination ore/oil 1, container 61, liquefied gas tanker 13, multifunction large-load carrier 1, oil tanker 51, refrigerated cargo 9, short-sea passenger 1, vehicle carrier 9" );; line 61301 (wfb::airports |Korea, South| total 114 );; line 61309 (wfb::airports |Korea, South| |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 61311 (wfb::airports |Korea, South| |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 22 );; line 61313 (wfb::airports |Korea, South| |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 10 );; line 61315 (wfb::airports |Korea, South| |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 14 );; line 61317 (wfb::airports |Korea, South| with_paved_runways_under_914_m 63 );; line 61319 (wfb::airports |Korea, South| |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 4 );; line 61321 (wfb::telephone_system |Korea, South| "13.3 million telephones; excellent domestic and international services" );; line 61326 (wfb::telephone_system |Korea, South| local "NA" );; line 61329 (wfb::telephone_system |Korea, South| intercity "NA" );; line 61331 (wfb::telephone_system |Korea, South| international "3 INTELSAT (2 Pacific Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) earth stations" );; line 61333 (wfb::radio |Korea, South| broadcast_stations am 79 );; line 61338 (wfb::radio |Korea, South| broadcast_stations fm 46 );; line 61338 (wfb::radio |Korea, South| broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 61338 (wfb::radio |Korea, South| radios n/a );; line 61340 (wfb::comment television |Korea, South| broadcast_stations "1 kW or greater 57" );; line 61345 (wfb::television |Korea, South| broadcast_stations 256 );; line 61345 (wfb::television |Korea, South| televisions n/a );; line 61347 (wfb::defense_branch |Korea, South| |Army_Korea, South| );; line 61353 (wfb::defense_branch |Korea, South| |Navy_Korea, South| );; line 61353 (wfb::defense_branch |Korea, South| |Air Force_Korea, South| );; line 61353 (wfb::defense_branch |Korea, South| |Marine Corps_Korea, South| );; line 61353 (wfb::comment defense_branch |Korea, South| |National Maritime Police_Korea, South| "Coast Guard" );; line 61353 (wfb::defense_branch |Korea, South| |National Maritime Police_Korea, South| );; line 61353 (wfb::manpower_availability |Korea, South| "males age 15-49 13,580,832; males fit for military service 8,701,742; males reach military age (18) annually 405,290 (1995 est.)" );; line 61358 (wfb::estimation-date defense_expenditures |Korea, South| date_1995 );; line 61363 (wfb::defense_expenditures |Korea, South| (* 14e9 $) );; line 61363 (wfb::defense_expenditures |Korea, South| (* 3.3 %_of_gnp) );; line 61363 (wfb::markup-parameter figure kuwait "graphno=\"ku.tif\"" );; line 61369 (wfb::location kuwait "Middle East, bordering the Persian Gulf, between Iraq and Saudi Arabia" );; line 61373 (wfb::map_references kuwait "Middle East" );; line 61378 (wfb::area kuwait total_area (* 17820 sq_km) );; line 61383 (wfb::area kuwait land_area (* 17820 sq_km) );; line 61385 (wfb::area kuwait comparative_area "slightly smaller than New Jersey" );; line 61387 (wfb::borders kuwait total (* 464 km) );; line 61391 (wfb::borders kuwait iraq (* 242 km) );; line 61391 (wfb::borders kuwait saudi_arabia (* 222 km) );; line 61391 (wfb::coastline kuwait (* 499 km) );; line 61395 (wfb::maritime_claims kuwait territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 61400 (wfb::measurement-date international_disputes date_1993 );; line 61404 (wfb::international_disputes kuwait "in November 1994, Iraq formally accepted the UN-demarcated border with Kuwait which had been spelled out in Security Council Resolutions 687 (1991), 773 (1993), and 883 (1993)" );; line 61404 (wfb::international_disputes kuwait "this formally ends earlier claims to Kuwait and to Bubiyan and Warbah islands" );; line 61404 (wfb::international_disputes kuwait "ownership of Qaruh and Umm al Maradim islands disputed by Saudi Arabia" );; line 61404 (wfb::climate kuwait "dry desert" );; line 61412 (wfb::climate kuwait "intensely hot summers" );; line 61412 (wfb::climate kuwait "short, cool winters" );; line 61412 (wfb::terrain kuwait "flat to slightly undulating desert plain" );; line 61416 (wfb::natural-resource kuwait petroleum );; line 61420 (wfb::natural-resource kuwait fish );; line 61420 (wfb::natural-resource kuwait shrimp-natural-resource );; line 61420 (wfb::natural-resource kuwait natural_gas );; line 61420 (wfb::land_use kuwait arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 61425 (wfb::land_use kuwait permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 61427 (wfb::land_use kuwait meadows_and_pastures (* 8 %) );; line 61429 (wfb::land_use kuwait forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 61431 (wfb::land_use kuwait other (* 92 %) );; line 61433 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land kuwait date_1989 );; line 61437 (wfb::irrigated_land kuwait (* 20 sq_km) );; line 61437 (wfb::environment kuwait current_issues "limited natural fresh water resources" );; line 61442 (wfb::environment kuwait current_issues "some of world's largest and most sophisticated desalination facilities provide much of the water" );; line 61442 (wfb::environment kuwait current_issues "air and water pollution" );; line 61442 (wfb::environment kuwait current_issues "desertification" );; line 61442 (wfb::environment kuwait natural_hazards "sudden cloudbursts are common from October to April, they bring inordinate amounts of rain which can damage roads and houses" );; line 61446 (wfb::environment kuwait natural_hazards "sandstorms and duststorms occur throughout the year, but are most common between March and August" );; line 61446 (wfb::environment kuwait international_agreements "party to - Climate Change, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection" );; line 61451 (wfb::environment kuwait international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Endangered Species, Marine Dumping" );; line 61451 (wfb::note kuwait "strategic location at head of Persian Gulf" );; line 61457 (wfb::estimation-date population kuwait date_jul_1995 );; line 61463 (wfb::population kuwait 1817397 );; line 61463 (wfb::age_structure kuwait 0-14_years (* 34 %) );; line 61468 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex kuwait 0-14_years female 302908 );; line 61468 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex kuwait 0-14_years male 319659 );; line 61468 (wfb::age_structure kuwait 15-64_years (* 64 %) );; line 61470 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex kuwait 15-64_years female 467163 );; line 61470 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex kuwait 15-64_years male 697849 );; line 61470 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure kuwait 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 61472 (wfb::age_structure kuwait 65_years_and_over (* 2 %) );; line 61472 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex kuwait 65_years_and_over female 13476 );; line 61472 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex kuwait 65_years_and_over male 16342 );; line 61472 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate kuwait date_1995 );; line 61476 (wfb::population_growth_rate kuwait (* 7.46 %) );; line 61476 (wfb::comment population_growth_rate kuwait "this rate reflects the continued post-Gulf crisis return of nationals and expatriates" );; line 61478 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate kuwait date_1995 );; line 61483 (wfb::birth_rate kuwait (* 21.07 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 61483 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate kuwait date_1995 );; line 61487 (wfb::death_rate kuwait (* 2.2 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 61487 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate kuwait date_1995 );; line 61491 (wfb::net_migration_rate kuwait (* 55.71 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 61491 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate kuwait date_1995 );; line 61495 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate kuwait (* 11.5 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 61495 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth kuwait total_population (* 75.64 years) );; line 61500 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth kuwait male (* 73.33 years) );; line 61502 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth kuwait female date_1995 );; line 61504 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth kuwait female (* 78.06 years) );; line 61504 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate kuwait date_1995 );; line 61508 (wfb::total_fertility_rate kuwait (* 2.93 children_born/woman) );; line 61508 (wfb::nationality kuwait noun "Kuwaiti(s)" );; line 61513 (wfb::nationality kuwait adjective "Kuwaiti" );; line 61515 (wfb::ethnic-entity kuwait kuwaiti (* 45 %) );; line 61519 (wfb::ethnic-entity kuwait south_asian (* 9 %) );; line 61519 (wfb::ethnic-entity kuwait iranian (* 4 %) );; line 61519 (wfb::comment religion "Shi'a 30%, Sunni 45%, other 10%" );; line 61524 (wfb::religion kuwait muslim (* 85 %) );; line 61524 (wfb::language kuwait arabic n/a );; line 61529 (wfb::comment language kuwait arabic "official" );; line 61529 (wfb::language kuwait english_widely_spoken n/a );; line 61529 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition kuwait date_1985 );; line 61533 (wfb::literacy-condition kuwait "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 61533 (wfb::literacy kuwait total_population (* 74 %) );; line 61535 (wfb::literacy kuwait male (* 78 %) );; line 61537 (wfb::literacy kuwait female (* 69 %) );; line 61539 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force kuwait date_1986 );; line 61543 (wfb::total_labor_force kuwait 566000 );; line 61543 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation kuwait services (* 45.0 %) );; line 61545 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation kuwait construction (* 20.0 %) );; line 61545 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation kuwait trade (* 12.0 %) );; line 61545 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation kuwait manufacturing (* 8.6 %) );; line 61545 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation kuwait finance_and_real_estate (* 2.6 %) );; line 61545 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation kuwait agriculture (* 1.9 %) );; line 61545 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation kuwait power_and_water (* 1.7 %) );; line 61545 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation kuwait mining_and_quarrying (* 1.4 %) );; line 61545 (wfb::comment labor_force kuwait "70% of labor force non-Kuwaiti (1986)" );; line 61549 (wfb::names kuwait conventional_long_form "State of Kuwait" );; line 61555 (wfb::names kuwait conventional_short_form "Kuwait" );; line 61557 (wfb::names kuwait local_long_form "Dawlat al Kuwayt" );; line 61559 (wfb::names kuwait local_short_form "Al Kuwayt" );; line 61561 (wfb::digraph kuwait "KU" );; line 61565 (wfb::type kuwait "nominal constitutional monarchy" );; line 61569 (wfb::capital kuwait kuwait-kuwait );; line 61573 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_kuwait_governorates "governorates" "muhafazat" "muhafazah" );; line 61577 (wfb::administrative_divisions kuwait adm_div_kuwait_governorates 5 );; line 61577 (wfb::administrative_division_of kuwait adm_div_kuwait_governorates "Al 'Ahmadi" );; line 61577 (wfb::administrative_division_of kuwait adm_div_kuwait_governorates "Al Jahrah" );; line 61577 (wfb::administrative_division_of kuwait adm_div_kuwait_governorates "Al Kuwayt" );; line 61577 (wfb::administrative_division_of kuwait adm_div_kuwait_governorates "Hawalli" );; line 61577 (wfb::administrative_division_of kuwait adm_div_kuwait_governorates "Al Farwaniyah" );; line 61577 (wfb::independence kuwait date_19_jun_1961 "UK" );; line 61582 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1948 );; line 61586 (wfb::comment national_holiday kuwait "1948" );; line 61586 (wfb::national_holiday kuwait "National Day" date_25_feb );; line 61586 (wfb::constitution kuwait "approved and promulgated 11 November 1962" );; line 61590 (wfb::legal_system kuwait "civil law system with Islamic law significant in personal matters; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 61594 (wfb::comment suffrage kuwait "only 10% of all citizens are eligible to vote; in 1996, naturalized citizens who do not meet the pre-1920 qualification but have been naturalized for thirty years will be eligible to vote" );; line 61602 (wfb::executive_branch kuwait chief_of_state "Amir Shaykh JABIR al-Ahmad al-Jabir Al Sabah " date_31_dec_1977 );; line 61609 (wfb::comment executive_branch kuwait head_of_government "Deputy Prime Minister SABAH al-Ahmad al-Jabir Al Sabah (since 17 October 1992)" );; line 61612 (wfb::executive_branch kuwait head_of_government "Prime Minister and Crown Prince SAAD al-Abdallah al-Salim Al Sabah " date_8_feb_1978 );; line 61612 (wfb::comment executive_branch kuwait cabinet "appointed by the Prime Minister and approved by the Amir" );; line 61616 (wfb::executive_branch kuwait cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 61616 (wfb::legislative_structure kuwait unicameral n/a );; line 61621 (wfb::legislative_branch kuwait "National Assembly (Majlis al-umma)" "dissolved 3 July 1986; new elections were held on 5 October 1992 with a second election in the 14th and 16th constituencies held February 1993" );; line 61623 (wfb::judicial_branch kuwait "High Court of Appeal" );; line 61629 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders kuwait "none" );; line 61633 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups kuwait "small, clandestine leftist and Shi'a fundamentalist groups are active; several groups critical of government policies are publicly active" );; line 61637 (wfb::member_of kuwait abeda );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait afdb );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait afesd );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait al );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait amf );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait bdeac );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait caeu );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait ccc );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait escwa );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait fao );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait g-77 );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait gatt );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait gcc );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait iaea );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait ibrd );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait icao );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait icc );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait icrm );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait ida );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait idb );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait ifad );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait ifc );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait ifrcs );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait ilo );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait imf );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait imo );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait inmarsat );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait intelsat );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait interpol );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait ioc );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait iso );; line 61642 (wfb::comment member_of kuwait iso "correspondent" );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait itu );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait nam );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait oapec );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait oic );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait opec );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait un );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait unctad );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait unesco );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait unido );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait upu );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait wftu );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait who );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait wmo );; line 61642 (wfb::member_of kuwait wto );; line 61642 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us kuwait chief_of_mission "Ambassador MUHAMMAD al-Sabah al-Salim Al SABAH" );; line 61650 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us kuwait chancery "2940 Tilden Street NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 61652 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us kuwait telephone "[1] (202) 966-0702" );; line 61654 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us kuwait fax "[1] (202) 966-0517" );; line 61656 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation kuwait chief_of_mission "Ambassador Ryan C. CROCKER" );; line 61661 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation kuwait embassy "Bneid al-Gar (opposite the Kuwait International Hotel), Kuwait City" );; line 61663 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation kuwait mailing_address "P.O. Box 77 SAFAT, 13001 SAFAT, Kuwait; Unit 69000, Kuwait; APO AE 09880-9000" );; line 61666 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation kuwait telephone "[965] 2424151 through 2424159" );; line 61669 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation kuwait fax "[965] 2442855" );; line 61671 (wfb::flag kuwait "three equal horizontal bands of green (top), white, and red with a black trapezoid based on the hoist side" );; line 61675 (wfb::overview kuwait "Kuwait is a small and relatively open economy with proved crude oil reserves of about 94 billion barrels - 10% of world reserves. Kuwait has rebuilt its war-ravaged petroleum sector; its crude oil production reached at least 2.0 million barrels per day by the end of 1993. The government ran a sizable fiscal deficit in 1993. Petroleum accounts for nearly half of GDP and 90% of export and government revenues. Kuwait lacks water and has practically no arable land, thus preventing development of agriculture. With the exception of fish, it depends almost wholly on food imports. About 75% of potable water must be distilled or imported. Because of its high per capita income, comparable with Western European incomes, Kuwait provides its citizens with extensive health, educational, and retirement benefits. Per capita military expenditures are among the highest in the world. The economy improved moderately in 1994, with the growth in industry and finance, and should see further gains in 1995, especially if oil prices go up. The World Bank has urged Kuwait to push ahead with privatization, including in the oil industry, but the government will move slowly on this front." );; line 61681 (wfb::estimation-date national_product kuwait date_1994 );; line 61700 (wfb::national_product kuwait (* 30.7e9 $) );; line 61700 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate kuwait date_1994 );; line 61704 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate kuwait (* 9.3 %) );; line 61704 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita kuwait date_1994 );; line 61708 (wfb::national_product_per_capita kuwait (* 16900 $) );; line 61708 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| kuwait "3% (1993)" );; line 61712 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate kuwait date_1992 );; line 61716 (wfb::budget kuwait revenues (* 9e9 $) );; line 61721 (wfb::for-fiscal-year budget kuwait 92 );; line 61723 (wfb::budget kuwait expenditures (* 13e9 $) );; line 61723 (wfb::budget kuwait capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 61723 (wfb::exports kuwait (* 10.5e9 $) );; line 61727 (wfb::exports kuwait partners france (* 16 %) );; line 61731 (wfb::exports kuwait partners italy (* 15 %) );; line 61731 (wfb::exports kuwait partners japan (* 12 %) );; line 61731 (wfb::exports kuwait partners uk (* 11 %) );; line 61731 (wfb::imports kuwait (* 6.6e9 $) );; line 61735 (wfb::imports kuwait commodities food n/a );; line 61737 (wfb::imports kuwait commodities construction_materials n/a );; line 61737 (wfb::imports kuwait commodities vehicles_and_parts n/a );; line 61737 (wfb::imports kuwait commodities clothing-commodity n/a );; line 61737 (wfb::imports kuwait partners us (* 35 %) );; line 61739 (wfb::imports kuwait partners japan (* 12 %) );; line 61739 (wfb::imports kuwait partners uk (* 9 %) );; line 61739 (wfb::imports kuwait partners canada (* 9 %) );; line 61739 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt kuwait date_dec_1989 );; line 61743 (wfb::external_debt kuwait (* 7.2e9 $) );; line 61743 (wfb::comment external_debt kuwait "external debt has grown substantially in 1991 and 1992 to pay for restoration of war damage" );; line 61745 (wfb::industrial_production kuwait growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 61750 (wfb::industrial_production kuwait accounts_for (* n/a %_of_gdp) );; line 61750 (wfb::electricity kuwait capacity (* 7070000 kw) );; line 61755 (wfb::electricity kuwait production (* 11e9 kwh) );; line 61757 (wfb::measurement-date electricity kuwait consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 61759 (wfb::electricity kuwait consumption_per_capita (* 6007 kwh) );; line 61759 (wfb::industry kuwait petroleum-industry );; line 61763 (wfb::industry kuwait petrochemicals );; line 61763 (wfb::industry kuwait desalination );; line 61763 (wfb::industry kuwait food_processing );; line 61763 (wfb::industry kuwait building_materials-industry );; line 61763 (wfb::industry kuwait salt-industry );; line 61763 (wfb::industry kuwait construction-industry );; line 61763 (wfb::agriculture kuwait "practically none; extensive fishing in territorial waters and Indian Ocean" );; line 61768 (wfb::economic_aid kuwait donor "pledged bilateral aid to less developed countries (1979-89), $18.3 billion" );; line 61774 (wfb::abbreviation kuwaiti_dinar "KD" );; line 61779 (wfb::currency kuwait kuwaiti_dinar 1000 fils );; line 61779 (wfb::exchange_rates kuwait "Kuwaiti dinars (KD) per US$1 - 0.2991 (January 1995), 0.2976 (1994), 0.3017 (1993), 0.2934 (1992), 0.2843 (1991), 0.2915 (1990)" );; line 61783 (wfb::fiscal_year kuwait date_1_jul date_30_jun );; line 61788 (wfb::railroads kuwait "0 km" );; line 61793 (wfb::highways kuwait total (* 4270 km) );; line 61798 (wfb::highways kuwait bituminous (* 3370 km) );; line 61800 (wfb::comment highways kuwait unpaved "est." );; line 61802 (wfb::highways kuwait (union gravel sand earth ) (* 900 km) );; line 61802 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 877 km) );; line 61806 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 40 km) );; line 61806 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 165 km) );; line 61806 (wfb::port kuwait |Ash Shu'aybah-kuwait| );; line 61810 (wfb::port kuwait ash_shuwaykh-kuwait );; line 61810 (wfb::port kuwait kuwait-kuwait );; line 61810 (wfb::port kuwait |Mina' 'Abd Allah-kuwait| );; line 61810 (wfb::port kuwait |Mina' al Ahmadi-kuwait| );; line 61810 (wfb::port kuwait |Mina' Su'ud-kuwait| );; line 61810 (wfb::merchant_marine kuwait total "47 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 2,202,558 GRT/3,618,527 DWT" );; line 61816 (wfb::merchant_marine kuwait ships_by_type "cargo 9, container 3, liquefied gas tanker 7, livestock carrier 4, oil tanker 24" );; line 61818 (wfb::airports kuwait total 8 );; line 61824 (wfb::airports kuwait |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 3 );; line 61826 (wfb::airports kuwait |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 61828 (wfb::airports kuwait with_paved_runways_under_914_m 2 );; line 61830 (wfb::airports kuwait |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 1 );; line 61832 (wfb::airports kuwait |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 61834 (wfb::telephone_system kuwait "NA telephones; civil network suffered extensive damage as a result of the Gulf war and reconstruction is still under way with some restored international and domestic capabilities" );; line 61839 (wfb::telephone_system kuwait local "NA" );; line 61843 (wfb::telephone_system kuwait intercity "NA" );; line 61845 (wfb::telephone_system kuwait international "earth stations destroyed during Gulf war and not rebuilt yet; temporary mobile satellite antennae provide international telecommunications; coaxial cable and microwave radio relay to Saudi Arabia; service to Iraq is nonoperational" );; line 61847 (wfb::radio kuwait broadcast_stations am 3 );; line 61855 (wfb::radio kuwait broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 61855 (wfb::radio kuwait broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 61855 (wfb::radio kuwait radios n/a );; line 61857 (wfb::television kuwait broadcast_stations 3 );; line 61862 (wfb::television kuwait televisions n/a );; line 61864 (wfb::defense_branch kuwait army_kuwait );; line 61870 (wfb::defense_branch kuwait navy_kuwait );; line 61870 (wfb::defense_branch kuwait air_force_kuwait );; line 61870 (wfb::defense_branch kuwait national_police_force_kuwait );; line 61870 (wfb::defense_branch kuwait national_guard_kuwait );; line 61870 (wfb::manpower_availability kuwait "males age 15-49 610,205; males fit for military service 363,735; males reach military age (18) annually 16,170 (1995 est.)" );; line 61874 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures kuwait date_1995 );; line 61879 (wfb::defense_expenditures kuwait (* 3.4e9 $) );; line 61879 (wfb::defense_expenditures kuwait (* 13.3 %_of_gdp) );; line 61879 (wfb::markup-parameter figure kyrgyzstan "graphno=\"kg.tif\"" );; line 61885 (wfb::location kyrgyzstan "Central Asia, west of China" );; line 61889 (wfb::map_references kyrgyzstan "Commonwealth of Independent States - Central Asian States" );; line 61893 (wfb::area kyrgyzstan total_area (* 198500 sq_km) );; line 61898 (wfb::area kyrgyzstan land_area (* 191300 sq_km) );; line 61900 (wfb::area kyrgyzstan comparative_area "slightly smaller than South Dakota" );; line 61902 (wfb::borders kyrgyzstan total (* 3878 km) );; line 61906 (wfb::borders kyrgyzstan china (* 858 km) );; line 61906 (wfb::borders kyrgyzstan kazakhstan (* 1051 km) );; line 61906 (wfb::borders kyrgyzstan tajikistan (* 870 km) );; line 61906 (wfb::borders kyrgyzstan uzbekistan (* 1099 km) );; line 61906 (wfb::comment coastline kyrgyzstan "landlocked" );; line 61911 (wfb::coastline kyrgyzstan (* 0 km) );; line 61911 (wfb::maritime_claims kyrgyzstan "none; landlocked" );; line 61915 (wfb::international_disputes kyrgyzstan "territorial dispute with Tajikistan on southwestern boundary in Isfara Valley area" );; line 61919 (wfb::climate kyrgyzstan "dry continental to polar in high Tien Shan" );; line 61924 (wfb::climate kyrgyzstan "subtropical in southwest (Fergana Valley)" );; line 61924 (wfb::climate kyrgyzstan "temperate in northern foothill zone" );; line 61924 (wfb::terrain kyrgyzstan "peaks of Tien Shan rise to 7,000 meters, and associated valleys and basins encompass entire nation" );; line 61929 (wfb::natural-resource kyrgyzstan abundant_hydroelectric_potential );; line 61934 (wfb::natural-resource kyrgyzstan significant_deposits_of_gold_and_rare_earth_metals );; line 61934 (wfb::natural-resource kyrgyzstan locally_exploitable_coal );; line 61934 (wfb::natural-resource kyrgyzstan oil_and_natural_gas );; line 61934 (wfb::natural-resource kyrgyzstan mercury );; line 61934 (wfb::natural-resource kyrgyzstan bismuth );; line 61934 (wfb::natural-resource kyrgyzstan lead );; line 61934 (wfb::natural-resource kyrgyzstan zinc );; line 61934 (wfb::land_use kyrgyzstan arable_land (* 7 %) );; line 61941 (wfb::land_use kyrgyzstan meadows_and_pastures (* 42 %) );; line 61945 (wfb::land_use kyrgyzstan forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 61947 (wfb::land_use kyrgyzstan other (* 51 %) );; line 61949 (wfb::measurement-date irrigated_land kyrgyzstan date_1990 );; line 61953 (wfb::irrigated_land kyrgyzstan (* 10320 sq_km) );; line 61953 (wfb::environment kyrgyzstan current_issues "water pollution" );; line 61958 (wfb::environment kyrgyzstan current_issues "many people get their water directly from contaminated streams and wells, as a result, water-borne diseases are prevalent" );; line 61958 (wfb::environment kyrgyzstan current_issues "increasing soil salinity from faulty irrigation practices" );; line 61958 (wfb::environment kyrgyzstan natural_hazards "NA" );; line 61962 (wfb::environment kyrgyzstan international_agreements "NA" );; line 61964 (wfb::note kyrgyzstan "landlocked" );; line 61968 (wfb::estimation-date population kyrgyzstan date_jul_1995 );; line 61974 (wfb::population kyrgyzstan 4769877 );; line 61974 (wfb::age_structure kyrgyzstan 0-14_years (* 37 %) );; line 61979 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex kyrgyzstan 0-14_years female 868108 );; line 61979 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex kyrgyzstan 0-14_years male 888479 );; line 61979 (wfb::age_structure kyrgyzstan 15-64_years (* 57 %) );; line 61981 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex kyrgyzstan 15-64_years female 1377221 );; line 61981 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex kyrgyzstan 15-64_years male 1345990 );; line 61981 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure kyrgyzstan 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 61983 (wfb::age_structure kyrgyzstan 65_years_and_over (* 6 %) );; line 61983 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex kyrgyzstan 65_years_and_over female 185807 );; line 61983 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex kyrgyzstan 65_years_and_over male 104272 );; line 61983 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate kyrgyzstan date_1995 );; line 61987 (wfb::population_growth_rate kyrgyzstan (* 1.5 %) );; line 61987 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate kyrgyzstan date_1995 );; line 61991 (wfb::birth_rate kyrgyzstan (* 25.97 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 61991 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate kyrgyzstan date_1995 );; line 61995 (wfb::death_rate kyrgyzstan (* 7.32 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 61995 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate kyrgyzstan date_1995 );; line 61999 (wfb::net_migration_rate kyrgyzstan (* -3.66 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 61999 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate kyrgyzstan date_1995 );; line 62003 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate kyrgyzstan (* 45.8 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 62003 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth kyrgyzstan total_population (* 68.13 years) );; line 62008 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth kyrgyzstan male (* 63.92 years) );; line 62010 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth kyrgyzstan female date_1995 );; line 62012 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth kyrgyzstan female (* 72.56 years) );; line 62012 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate kyrgyzstan date_1995 );; line 62016 (wfb::total_fertility_rate kyrgyzstan (* 3.31 children_born/woman) );; line 62016 (wfb::nationality kyrgyzstan noun "Kyrgyz(s)" );; line 62021 (wfb::nationality kyrgyzstan adjective "Kyrgyz" );; line 62023 (wfb::ethnic-entity kyrgyzstan kirghiz (* 52.4 %) );; line 62027 (wfb::ethnic-entity kyrgyzstan russian (* 21.5 %) );; line 62027 (wfb::ethnic-entity kyrgyzstan uzbek (* 12.9 %) );; line 62027 (wfb::ethnic-entity kyrgyzstan ukrainian (* 2.5 %) );; line 62027 (wfb::ethnic-entity kyrgyzstan german-ethnic-entity (* 2.4 %) );; line 62027 (wfb::religion kyrgyzstan muslim (* 70 %) );; line 62032 (wfb::religion kyrgyzstan russian_orthodox_na% n/a );; line 62032 (wfb::language kyrgyzstan |Kirghiz (Kyrgyz) - official language| n/a );; line 62036 (wfb::language kyrgyzstan russian_widely_used n/a );; line 62036 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition kyrgyzstan date_1989 );; line 62040 (wfb::literacy-condition kyrgyzstan "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 62040 (wfb::literacy kyrgyzstan total_population (* 97 %) );; line 62042 (wfb::literacy kyrgyzstan male (* 99 %) );; line 62044 (wfb::literacy kyrgyzstan female (* 96 %) );; line 62046 (wfb::total_labor_force kyrgyzstan 1.836e6 );; line 62050 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force kyrgyzstan by_occupation date_1990 );; line 62052 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1990 );; line 62052 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation kyrgyzstan agriculture_and_forestry (* 38 %) );; line 62052 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation kyrgyzstan industry_and_construction (* 21 %) );; line 62052 (wfb::names kyrgyzstan conventional_long_form "Kyrgyz Republic" );; line 62059 (wfb::names kyrgyzstan conventional_short_form "Kyrgyzstan" );; line 62061 (wfb::names kyrgyzstan local_long_form "Kyrgyz Respublikasy" );; line 62063 (wfb::names kyrgyzstan former "Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic" );; line 62067 (wfb::digraph kyrgyzstan "KG" );; line 62071 (wfb::type kyrgyzstan "republic" );; line 62075 (wfb::capital kyrgyzstan bishkek-kyrgyzstan );; line 62079 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_kyrgyzstan_oblasttar "oblasttar" "oblasttar" "oblast" );; line 62083 (wfb::administrative_divisions kyrgyzstan adm_div_kyrgyzstan_oblasttar 6 );; line 62083 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_kyrgyzstan_city "city" "n/a" "singular - shaar" );; line 62083 (wfb::administrative_divisions kyrgyzstan adm_div_kyrgyzstan_city 1 );; line 62083 (wfb::administrative_division_of kyrgyzstan adm_div_kyrgyzstan_city "Bishkek Shaary" );; line 62083 (wfb::administrative_division_of kyrgyzstan adm_div_kyrgyzstan_oblasttar "Chuy Oblasty (Bishkek)" );; line 62083 (wfb::administrative_division_of kyrgyzstan adm_div_kyrgyzstan_oblasttar "Jalal-Abad Oblasty" );; line 62083 (wfb::administrative_division_of kyrgyzstan adm_div_kyrgyzstan_oblasttar "Naryn Oblasty" );; line 62083 (wfb::administrative_division_of kyrgyzstan adm_div_kyrgyzstan_oblasttar "Osh Oblasty" );; line 62083 (wfb::administrative_division_of kyrgyzstan adm_div_kyrgyzstan_oblasttar "Talas Oblasty" );; line 62083 (wfb::administrative_division_of kyrgyzstan adm_div_kyrgyzstan_oblasttar "Ysyk-Kol Oblasty (Karakol)" );; line 62083 (wfb::comment administrative_divisions kyrgyzstan "names in parentheses are administrative centers when name differs from oblast name" );; line 62087 (wfb::independence kyrgyzstan date_31_aug_1991 "Soviet Union" );; line 62092 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1991 );; line 62096 (wfb::national_holiday kyrgyzstan "National Day" date_2_dec );; line 62096 (wfb::national_holiday kyrgyzstan "Independence Day" date_31_aug );; line 62096 (wfb::constitution kyrgyzstan "adopted 5 May 1993" );; line 62100 (wfb::legal_system kyrgyzstan "based on civil law system" );; line 62104 (wfb::comment suffrage kyrgyzstan " universal" );; line 62108 (wfb::suffrage kyrgyzstan (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 62108 (wfb::comment executive_branch kyrgyzstan chief_of_state "election last held 12 October 1991 (next to be held NA 1996)" );; line 62113 (wfb::comment executive_branch kyrgyzstan chief_of_state "results - Askar AKAYEV won in uncontested election with 95% of vote and with 90% of electorate voting" );; line 62113 (wfb::comment executive_branch kyrgyzstan chief_of_state "note - president elected by Supreme Soviet 28 October 1990, then by popular vote 12 October 1991" );; line 62113 (wfb::comment executive_branch kyrgyzstan chief_of_state "AKAYEV won 96% of the vote in a referendum on his status as president on 30 January 1994" );; line 62113 (wfb::executive_branch kyrgyzstan chief_of_state "President Askar AKAYEV " date_28_oct_1990 );; line 62113 (wfb::executive_branch kyrgyzstan head_of_government "Prime Minister Apas DJUMAGULOV " date_dec_1993 );; line 62120 (wfb::comment executive_branch kyrgyzstan cabinet "subordinate to the president" );; line 62122 (wfb::executive_branch kyrgyzstan cabinet "Cabinet of Ministers" );; line 62122 (wfb::legislative_structure kyrgyzstan bicameral n/a );; line 62126 (wfb::legislative_branch kyrgyzstan "Assembly of Legislatures" "elections last held 5 February 1995 (next to be held no later than NA 1998); 35-member house to which 19 members have been elected so far; next round of runoffs scheduled for 19 April 1995" );; line 62128 (wfb::legislative_branch kyrgyzstan "Assembly of Representatives" "elections last held 5 February 1995 (next to be held no later than NA 1998); 70-member house to which 60 members have been elected so far; next round of runoffs scheduled for 19 April 1995" );; line 62132 (wfb::comment legislative_branch kyrgyzstan "the legislature became bicameral for the 5 February 1995 elections" );; line 62136 (wfb::judicial_branch kyrgyzstan "Supreme Court" );; line 62141 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders kyrgyzstan "Social Democratic Party (SDP), Ishenbai KADYRBEKOV, chairman; Democratic Movement of Kyrgyzstan (DMK), Kazat AKHMATOV, chairman; National Unity, German KUZNETSOV; Communist Party of Kyrgyzstan (PCK), Sherali SYDYKOV, chairman; Democratic Movement of Free Kyrgyzstan (ErK), Topchubek TURGUNALIYEV, chairman; Republican Popular Party of Kyrgyzstan; Agrarian Party of Kyrgyzstan, A. ALIYEV" );; line 62145 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups kyrgyzstan "National Unity Democratic Movement; Peasant Party; Council of Free Trade Unions; Union of Entrepreneurs; Agrarian Party" );; line 62154 (wfb::member_of kyrgyzstan asdb );; line 62159 (wfb::member_of kyrgyzstan cis );; line 62159 (wfb::member_of kyrgyzstan ebrd );; line 62159 (wfb::member_of kyrgyzstan ece );; line 62159 (wfb::member_of kyrgyzstan eco );; line 62159 (wfb::member_of kyrgyzstan escap );; line 62159 (wfb::member_of kyrgyzstan fao );; line 62159 (wfb::member_of kyrgyzstan ibrd );; line 62159 (wfb::member_of kyrgyzstan icao );; line 62159 (wfb::member_of kyrgyzstan ida );; line 62159 (wfb::member_of kyrgyzstan idb );; line 62159 (wfb::member_of kyrgyzstan ifad );; line 62159 (wfb::member_of kyrgyzstan ifc );; line 62159 (wfb::member_of kyrgyzstan ilo );; line 62159 (wfb::member_of kyrgyzstan imf );; line 62159 (wfb::member_of kyrgyzstan ioc );; line 62159 (wfb::member_of kyrgyzstan iom );; line 62159 (wfb::comment member_of kyrgyzstan iom "observer" );; line 62159 (wfb::member_of kyrgyzstan itu );; line 62159 (wfb::member_of kyrgyzstan nacc );; line 62159 (wfb::member_of kyrgyzstan oic );; line 62159 (wfb::member_of kyrgyzstan osce );; line 62159 (wfb::member_of kyrgyzstan pca );; line 62159 (wfb::member_of kyrgyzstan pfp );; line 62159 (wfb::member_of kyrgyzstan un );; line 62159 (wfb::member_of kyrgyzstan unctad );; line 62159 (wfb::member_of kyrgyzstan unesco );; line 62159 (wfb::member_of kyrgyzstan unido );; line 62159 (wfb::member_of kyrgyzstan upu );; line 62159 (wfb::member_of kyrgyzstan who );; line 62159 (wfb::member_of kyrgyzstan wipo );; line 62159 (wfb::member_of kyrgyzstan wto );; line 62159 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us kyrgyzstan chief_of_mission "(vacant); Charge d'Affaires ad interim Almas CHUKIN" );; line 62166 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us kyrgyzstan chancery "(temporary) Suite 705, 1511 K Street NW, Washington, DC 20005" );; line 62168 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us kyrgyzstan telephone "[1] (202) 347-3732, 3733, 3718" );; line 62170 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us kyrgyzstan fax "[1] (202) 347-3718" );; line 62172 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation kyrgyzstan chief_of_mission "Ambassador Eileen A. MALLOY" );; line 62177 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation kyrgyzstan embassy "Erkindik Prospekt #66, Bishkek 720002" );; line 62179 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation kyrgyzstan mailing_address "use embassy street address" );; line 62181 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation kyrgyzstan telephone "[7] (3312) 22-29-20, 22-27-77, 22-26-31, 22-24-73" );; line 62183 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation kyrgyzstan fax "[7] (3312) 22-35-51" );; line 62185 (wfb::flag kyrgyzstan "red field with a yellow sun in the center having 40 rays representing the 40 Kirghiz tribes; on the obverse side the rays run counterclockwise, on the reverse, clockwise; in the center of the sun is a red ring crossed by two sets of three lines, a stylized representation of the roof of the traditional Kirghiz yurt" );; line 62189 (wfb::overview kyrgyzstan "Kyrgyzstan is one of the smallest and poorest states of the former Soviet Union. Its economy is heavily agricultural, growing cotton and tobacco on irrigated land in the south and grain in the foothills of the north and raising sheep and goats on mountain pastures. Its small and obsolescent industrial sector, concentrated around Bishkek, has traditionally relied on Russia and other CIS countries for customers and industrial inputs, including most of its fuel. Since 1990, the economy has contracted by almost 50% as subsidies from Moscow vanished and trade links with other former Soviet republics eroded. At the same time, the Kyrgyz government stuck to tight monetary and fiscal policies in 1994 that succeeded in reducing inflation from 23% per month in 1993 to 5.4% per month in 1994. Moreover, Kyrgyzstan has been the most successful of the Central Asian states in reducing state controls over the economy and privatizing state industries. Nevertheless, restructuring proved to be a slow and painful process in 1994 despite relatively large flows of foreign aid and continued progress on economic reform. The decline in output in 1995 may be much smaller, perhaps 5%, compared with an estimated 24% in 1994." );; line 62198 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate kyrgyzstan date_1994 );; line 62223 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate kyrgyzstan (* -24 %) );; line 62223 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita kyrgyzstan date_1994 );; line 62227 (wfb::national_product_per_capita kyrgyzstan (* 1790 $) );; line 62227 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| kyrgyzstan "5.4% per month (1994 est.)" );; line 62231 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate kyrgyzstan date_1994 );; line 62235 (wfb::budget kyrgyzstan revenues (* n/a $) );; line 62241 (wfb::budget kyrgyzstan expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 62243 (wfb::budget kyrgyzstan capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 62243 (wfb::measurement-date exports kyrgyzstan date_1994 );; line 62247 (wfb::exports kyrgyzstan (* 116e6 $) );; line 62247 (wfb::exports kyrgyzstan commodities wool n/a );; line 62249 (wfb::exports kyrgyzstan commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 62249 (wfb::exports kyrgyzstan commodities cotton n/a );; line 62249 (wfb::exports kyrgyzstan commodities ferrous_and_nonferrous_metals-commodity n/a );; line 62249 (wfb::exports kyrgyzstan commodities shoes-commodity n/a );; line 62249 (wfb::exports kyrgyzstan commodities machinery n/a );; line 62249 (wfb::exports kyrgyzstan commodities tobacco n/a );; line 62249 (wfb::exports kyrgyzstan partners russia (* 70 %) );; line 62252 (wfb::exports kyrgyzstan partners ukraine n/a );; line 62252 (wfb::exports kyrgyzstan partners uzbekistan n/a );; line 62252 (wfb::exports kyrgyzstan partners kazakhstan n/a );; line 62252 (wfb::measurement-date imports kyrgyzstan date_1994 );; line 62256 (wfb::imports kyrgyzstan (* 92.4e6 $) );; line 62256 (wfb::imports kyrgyzstan commodities grain n/a );; line 62258 (wfb::imports kyrgyzstan commodities lumber-commodity n/a );; line 62258 (wfb::imports kyrgyzstan commodities industrial_products n/a );; line 62258 (wfb::imports kyrgyzstan commodities ferrous_metals n/a );; line 62258 (wfb::imports kyrgyzstan commodities fuel n/a );; line 62258 (wfb::imports kyrgyzstan commodities machinery n/a );; line 62258 (wfb::imports kyrgyzstan commodities textiles-commodity n/a );; line 62258 (wfb::imports kyrgyzstan commodities footwear n/a );; line 62258 (wfb::external_debt kyrgyzstan (* n/a $) );; line 62265 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 62269 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production kyrgyzstan date_1994 );; line 62269 (wfb::industrial_production kyrgyzstan growth_rate (* -24 %) );; line 62269 (wfb::electricity kyrgyzstan capacity (* 3660000 kw) );; line 62274 (wfb::electricity kyrgyzstan production (* 12.7e9 kwh) );; line 62276 (wfb::measurement-date electricity kyrgyzstan consumption_per_capita date_1994 );; line 62278 (wfb::electricity kyrgyzstan consumption_per_capita (* 2700 kwh) );; line 62278 (wfb::industry kyrgyzstan small_machinery );; line 62282 (wfb::industry kyrgyzstan textiles );; line 62282 (wfb::industry kyrgyzstan food-processing_industries );; line 62282 (wfb::industry kyrgyzstan cement );; line 62282 (wfb::industry kyrgyzstan shoes );; line 62282 (wfb::industry kyrgyzstan sawn_logs );; line 62282 (wfb::industry kyrgyzstan refrigerators );; line 62282 (wfb::industry kyrgyzstan furniture );; line 62282 (wfb::industry kyrgyzstan electric_motors );; line 62282 (wfb::industry kyrgyzstan gold-industry );; line 62282 (wfb::industry kyrgyzstan rare_earth_metals );; line 62282 (wfb::agriculture kyrgyzstan "wool, tobacco, cotton, livestock (sheep, goats, cattle), vegetables, meat, grapes, fruits and berries, eggs, milk, potatoes" );; line 62288 (wfb::illicit_drugs kyrgyzstan "illicit cultivator of cannabis and opium poppy; mostly for CIS consumption; limited government eradication program; used as transshipment point for illicit drugs to Western Europe and North America from Southwest Asia" );; line 62293 (wfb::economic_aid kyrgyzstan recipient "IMF aid commitments were $80 million in 1993 and $400 million in 1994" );; line 62300 (wfb::exchange_rates kyrgyzstan "soms per US$1 - 10.6 (yearend 1994)" );; line 62309 (wfb::fiscal_year kyrgyzstan date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 62313 (wfb::railroads kyrgyzstan total "370 km in common carrier service; does not include industrial lines" );; line 62319 (wfb::railroads kyrgyzstan broad_gauge "370 km 1.520-m gauge (1990)" );; line 62322 (wfb::highways kyrgyzstan total (* 30300 km) );; line 62327 (wfb::highways kyrgyzstan paved_and_graveled (* 22600 km) );; line 62329 (wfb::measurement-date highways kyrgyzstan date_1990 );; line 62331 (wfb::comment highways kyrgyzstan unpaved "1990" );; line 62331 (wfb::measurement-date highways kyrgyzstan unpaved earth date_1990 );; line 62331 (wfb::highways kyrgyzstan earth (* 7700 km) );; line 62331 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 200 km) );; line 62335 (wfb::port kyrgyzstan ysyk-kol-kyrgyzstan );; line 62339 (wfb::comment port kyrgyzstan ysyk-kol-kyrgyzstan "Rybach'ye" );; line 62339 (wfb::airports kyrgyzstan total 54 );; line 62344 (wfb::airports kyrgyzstan |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 62346 (wfb::airports kyrgyzstan |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 3 );; line 62348 (wfb::airports kyrgyzstan |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 9 );; line 62350 (wfb::airports kyrgyzstan with_paved_runways_under_914_m 1 );; line 62352 (wfb::airports kyrgyzstan |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 4 );; line 62354 (wfb::airports kyrgyzstan |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 4 );; line 62356 (wfb::airports kyrgyzstan with_unpaved_runways_under_914_m 32 );; line 62358 (wfb::telephone_system kyrgyzstan "342,000 telephones (1991); 76 telephones/1,000 persons (December 1991); poorly developed; about 100,000 unsatisfied applications for household telephones" );; line 62363 (wfb::telephone_system kyrgyzstan local "NA" );; line 62367 (wfb::telephone_system kyrgyzstan intercity "principally by microwave radio relay" );; line 62369 (wfb::telephone_system kyrgyzstan international "connections with other CIS countries by landline or microwave and with other countries by leased connections with Moscow international gateway switch and by satellite; 1 GORIZONT and 1 INTELSAT satellite link through Ankara to 200 other countries" );; line 62371 (wfb::television kyrgyzstan televisions 875000 );; line 62389 (wfb::defense_branch kyrgyzstan national_guard_kyrgyzstan );; line 62395 (wfb::comment defense_branch kyrgyzstan security_forces_kyrgyzstan "internal and border troops" );; line 62395 (wfb::defense_branch kyrgyzstan security_forces_kyrgyzstan );; line 62395 (wfb::defense_branch kyrgyzstan civil_defense_kyrgyzstan );; line 62395 (wfb::manpower_availability kyrgyzstan "males age 15-49 1,154,683; males fit for military service 934,167; males reach military age (18) annually 44,526 (1995 est.)" );; line 62400 (wfb::markup-parameter figure laos "graphno=\"la.tif\"" );; line 62412 (wfb::location laos "Southeastern Asia, northeast of Thailand" );; line 62416 (wfb::map_references laos "Southeast Asia" );; line 62420 (wfb::area laos total_area (* 236800 sq_km) );; line 62425 (wfb::area laos land_area (* 230800 sq_km) );; line 62427 (wfb::area laos comparative_area "slightly larger than Utah" );; line 62429 (wfb::borders laos total (* 5083 km) );; line 62433 (wfb::borders laos burma (* 235 km) );; line 62433 (wfb::borders laos cambodia (* 541 km) );; line 62433 (wfb::borders laos china (* 423 km) );; line 62433 (wfb::borders laos thailand (* 1754 km) );; line 62433 (wfb::borders laos vietnam (* 2130 km) );; line 62433 (wfb::comment coastline laos "landlocked" );; line 62438 (wfb::coastline laos (* 0 km) );; line 62438 (wfb::maritime_claims laos "none; landlocked" );; line 62442 (wfb::international_disputes laos "boundary dispute with Thailand" );; line 62446 (wfb::climate laos "tropical monsoon" );; line 62450 (wfb::climate laos "rainy season (May to November)" );; line 62450 (wfb::climate laos "dry season (December to April)" );; line 62450 (wfb::terrain laos "mostly rugged mountains" );; line 62455 (wfb::terrain laos "some plains and plateaus" );; line 62455 (wfb::natural-resource laos timber );; line 62459 (wfb::natural-resource laos hydropower-natural-resource );; line 62459 (wfb::natural-resource laos gypsum );; line 62459 (wfb::natural-resource laos tin );; line 62459 (wfb::natural-resource laos gold );; line 62459 (wfb::natural-resource laos gemstones );; line 62459 (wfb::land_use laos arable_land (* 4 %) );; line 62464 (wfb::land_use laos permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 62466 (wfb::land_use laos meadows_and_pastures (* 3 %) );; line 62468 (wfb::land_use laos forest_and_woodland (* 58 %) );; line 62470 (wfb::land_use laos other (* 35 %) );; line 62472 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land laos date_1992 );; line 62476 (wfb::irrigated_land laos (* 1554 sq_km) );; line 62476 (wfb::environment laos current_issues "deforestation" );; line 62481 (wfb::environment laos current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 62481 (wfb::environment laos current_issues "a majority of the population does not have access to potable water" );; line 62481 (wfb::environment laos natural_hazards "floods, droughts, and blight" );; line 62484 (wfb::environment laos international_agreements "party to - Climate Change, Environmental Modification, Nuclear Test Ban" );; line 62486 (wfb::environment laos international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Law of the Sea" );; line 62486 (wfb::note laos "landlocked" );; line 62491 (wfb::estimation-date population laos date_jul_1995 );; line 62497 (wfb::population laos 4837237 );; line 62497 (wfb::age_structure laos 0-14_years (* 45 %) );; line 62502 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex laos 0-14_years female 1084615 );; line 62502 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex laos 0-14_years male 1111928 );; line 62502 (wfb::age_structure laos 15-64_years (* 51 %) );; line 62504 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex laos 15-64_years female 1280142 );; line 62504 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex laos 15-64_years male 1199149 );; line 62504 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure laos 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 62506 (wfb::age_structure laos 65_years_and_over (* 4 %) );; line 62506 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex laos 65_years_and_over female 86390 );; line 62506 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex laos 65_years_and_over male 75013 );; line 62506 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate laos date_1995 );; line 62510 (wfb::population_growth_rate laos (* 2.84 %) );; line 62510 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate laos date_1995 );; line 62514 (wfb::birth_rate laos (* 42.64 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 62514 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate laos date_1995 );; line 62518 (wfb::death_rate laos (* 14.28 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 62518 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate laos date_1995 );; line 62522 (wfb::net_migration_rate laos (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 62522 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate laos date_1995 );; line 62526 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate laos (* 99.2 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 62526 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth laos total_population (* 52.2 years) );; line 62531 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth laos male (* 50.66 years) );; line 62533 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth laos female date_1995 );; line 62535 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth laos female (* 53.81 years) );; line 62535 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate laos date_1995 );; line 62539 (wfb::total_fertility_rate laos (* 5.98 children_born/woman) );; line 62539 (wfb::nationality laos noun "Lao(s) or Laotian(s)" );; line 62544 (wfb::nationality laos adjective "Lao or Laotian" );; line 62546 (wfb::ethnic-entity laos |Lao Loum (lowland)| (* 68 %) );; line 62550 (wfb::ethnic-entity laos |Lao Theung (upland)| (* 22 %) );; line 62550 (wfb::religion laos buddhist (* 60 %) );; line 62556 (wfb::religion laos animist_and_other (* 40 %) );; line 62556 (wfb::language laos lao n/a );; line 62560 (wfb::comment language laos lao "official" );; line 62560 (wfb::language laos french n/a );; line 62560 (wfb::language laos english n/a );; line 62560 (wfb::language laos various_ethnic_languages n/a );; line 62560 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition laos date_1992 );; line 62564 (wfb::literacy-condition laos "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 62564 (wfb::literacy laos total_population (* 50 %) );; line 62566 (wfb::literacy laos male (* 65 %) );; line 62568 (wfb::literacy laos female (* 35 %) );; line 62570 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force laos by_occupation date_1992 );; line 62576 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1992 );; line 62576 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation laos agriculture (* 80 %) );; line 62576 (wfb::names laos conventional_long_form "Lao People's Democratic Republic" );; line 62582 (wfb::names laos conventional_short_form "Laos" );; line 62584 (wfb::names laos local_long_form "Sathalanalat Paxathipatai Paxaxon Lao" );; line 62586 (wfb::digraph laos "LA" );; line 62592 (wfb::type laos "Communist state" );; line 62596 (wfb::capital laos vientiane-laos );; line 62600 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_laos_provinces "provinces" "khoueng" "khoueng" );; line 62604 (wfb::administrative_divisions laos adm_div_laos_provinces 16 );; line 62604 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_laos_municipality "municipality" "kampheng nakhon" "kampheng nakhon" );; line 62604 (wfb::administrative_divisions laos adm_div_laos_municipality 1 );; line 62604 (wfb::administrative_division_of laos adm_div_laos_provinces "Attapu" );; line 62604 (wfb::administrative_division_of laos adm_div_laos_provinces "Bokeo" );; line 62604 (wfb::administrative_division_of laos adm_div_laos_provinces "Bolikhamxai" );; line 62604 (wfb::administrative_division_of laos adm_div_laos_provinces "Champasak" );; line 62604 (wfb::administrative_division_of laos adm_div_laos_provinces "Houaphan" );; line 62604 (wfb::administrative_division_of laos adm_div_laos_provinces "Khammouan" );; line 62604 (wfb::administrative_division_of laos adm_div_laos_provinces "Louangnamtha" );; line 62604 (wfb::administrative_division_of laos adm_div_laos_provinces "Louangphabang" );; line 62604 (wfb::administrative_division_of laos adm_div_laos_provinces "Oudomxai" );; line 62604 (wfb::administrative_division_of laos adm_div_laos_provinces "Phongsali" );; line 62604 (wfb::administrative_division_of laos adm_div_laos_provinces "Salavan" );; line 62604 (wfb::administrative_division_of laos adm_div_laos_provinces "Savannakhet" );; line 62604 (wfb::administrative_division_of laos adm_div_laos_municipality "Viangchan" );; line 62604 (wfb::administrative_division_of laos adm_div_laos_provinces "Viangchan" );; line 62604 (wfb::administrative_division_of laos adm_div_laos_provinces "Xaignabouli" );; line 62604 (wfb::administrative_division_of laos adm_div_laos_provinces "Xekong" );; line 62604 (wfb::administrative_division_of laos adm_div_laos_provinces "Xiangkhoang" );; line 62604 (wfb::independence laos date_19_jul_1949 "France" );; line 62611 (wfb::comment national_holiday laos "proclamation of the Lao People's Democratic Republic" );; line 62615 (wfb::national_holiday laos "National Day" date_2_dec );; line 62615 (wfb::constitution laos "promulgated 14 August 1991" );; line 62620 (wfb::legal_system laos "based on traditional customs, French legal norms and procedures, and Socialist practice" );; line 62624 (wfb::comment suffrage laos " universal" );; line 62629 (wfb::suffrage laos (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 62629 (wfb::executive_branch laos chief_of_state "President NOUHAK PHOUMSAVAN " date_25_nov_1992 );; line 62634 (wfb::executive_branch laos head_of_government "Prime Minister Gen. KHAMTAI SIPHANDON " date_15_aug_1991 );; line 62636 (wfb::comment executive_branch laos cabinet "appointed by the president, approved by the Assembly" );; line 62638 (wfb::executive_branch laos cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 62638 (wfb::legislative_structure laos unicameral n/a );; line 62643 (wfb::legislative_branch laos "National Assembly" "elections last held on 20 December 1992 (next to be held NA); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (85 total) number of seats by party NA" );; line 62645 (wfb::judicial_branch laos "Supreme People's Court" );; line 62651 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders laos "Lao People's Revolutionary Party (LPRP), KHAMTAI Siphandon, party president; other parties proscribed" );; line 62655 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups laos "non-Communist political groups proscribed; most opposition leaders fled the country in 1975" );; line 62660 (wfb::member_of laos acct );; line 62665 (wfb::member_of laos asdb );; line 62665 (wfb::member_of laos asean );; line 62665 (wfb::comment member_of laos asean "observer" );; line 62665 (wfb::member_of laos cp );; line 62665 (wfb::member_of laos escap );; line 62665 (wfb::member_of laos fao );; line 62665 (wfb::member_of laos g-77 );; line 62665 (wfb::member_of laos ibrd );; line 62665 (wfb::member_of laos icao );; line 62665 (wfb::member_of laos icrm );; line 62665 (wfb::member_of laos ida );; line 62665 (wfb::member_of laos ifad );; line 62665 (wfb::member_of laos ifc );; line 62665 (wfb::member_of laos ifrcs );; line 62665 (wfb::member_of laos ilo );; line 62665 (wfb::member_of laos imf );; line 62665 (wfb::member_of laos intelsat );; line 62665 (wfb::comment member_of laos intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 62665 (wfb::member_of laos interpol );; line 62665 (wfb::member_of laos ioc );; line 62665 (wfb::member_of laos itu );; line 62665 (wfb::member_of laos nam );; line 62665 (wfb::member_of laos pca );; line 62665 (wfb::member_of laos un );; line 62665 (wfb::member_of laos unctad );; line 62665 (wfb::member_of laos unesco );; line 62665 (wfb::member_of laos unido );; line 62665 (wfb::member_of laos upu );; line 62665 (wfb::member_of laos wftu );; line 62665 (wfb::member_of laos who );; line 62665 (wfb::member_of laos wmo );; line 62665 (wfb::member_of laos wto );; line 62665 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us laos chief_of_mission "Ambassador HIEM PHOMMACHANH" );; line 62673 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us laos chancery "2222 S Street NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 62675 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us laos telephone "[1] (202) 332-6416, 6417" );; line 62677 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us laos fax "[1] (202) 332-4923" );; line 62679 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation laos chief_of_mission "Ambassador Victor L. TOMSETH" );; line 62684 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation laos embassy "Rue Bartholonie, Vientiane" );; line 62686 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation laos mailing_address "B. P. 114, Vientiane; American Embassy, Box V, APO AP 96546" );; line 62688 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation laos telephone "[856] (21) 212581, 212582, 212585" );; line 62690 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation laos fax "[856] (21) 212584" );; line 62692 (wfb::flag laos "three horizontal bands of red (top), blue (double width), and red with a large white disk centered in the blue band" );; line 62696 (wfb::overview laos "The government of Laos - one of the few remaining official Communist states - has been decentralizing control and encouraging private enterprise since 1986. The results, starting from an extremely low base, have been striking - growth has averaged 7.5% annually since 1988. Even so, Laos is a landlocked country with a primitive infrastructure. It has no railroads, a rudimentary road system, and limited external and internal telecommunications. Electricity is available in only a few urban areas. Subsistence agriculture accounts for half of GDP and provides 80% of total employment. The predominant crop is rice. In non-drought years, Laos is self-sufficient overall in food, but each year flood, pests, and localized drought cause shortages in various parts of the country. For the foreseeable future the economy will continue to depend on aid from the IMF and other international sources; aid from the former USSR and Eastern Europe has been cut sharply. As in many developing countries, deforestation and soil erosion will hamper efforts to maintain the high rate of GDP growth." );; line 62702 (wfb::estimation-date national_product laos date_1994 );; line 62720 (wfb::national_product laos (* 4e9 $) );; line 62720 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate laos date_1994 );; line 62724 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate laos (* 8.4 %) );; line 62724 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita laos date_1994 );; line 62728 (wfb::national_product_per_capita laos (* 850 $) );; line 62728 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| laos "6.5% (1994 est.)" );; line 62732 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate laos date_1992 );; line 62736 (wfb::unemployment_rate laos (* 21 %) );; line 62736 (wfb::budget laos revenues (* n/a $) );; line 62741 (wfb::budget laos expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 62743 (wfb::exports laos (* 277e6 $) );; line 62747 (wfb::exports laos commodities electricity n/a );; line 62749 (wfb::exports laos commodities wood_products-commodity n/a );; line 62749 (wfb::exports laos commodities coffee n/a );; line 62749 (wfb::exports laos commodities tin-commodity n/a );; line 62749 (wfb::exports laos commodities garments n/a );; line 62749 (wfb::measurement-date exports laos date_1991 );; line 62751 (wfb::exports laos partners thailand (* 57 %) );; line 62751 (wfb::exports laos partners germany (* 10 %) );; line 62751 (wfb::exports laos partners france (* 10 %) );; line 62751 (wfb::exports laos partners japan (* 5 %) );; line 62751 (wfb::imports laos (* 528e6 $) );; line 62755 (wfb::imports laos commodities food n/a );; line 62757 (wfb::imports laos commodities fuel_oil n/a );; line 62757 (wfb::imports laos commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 62757 (wfb::imports laos commodities manufactures n/a );; line 62757 (wfb::measurement-date imports laos date_1991 );; line 62759 (wfb::imports laos partners thailand (* 55 %) );; line 62759 (wfb::imports laos partners japan (* 16 %) );; line 62759 (wfb::imports laos partners china (* 8 %) );; line 62759 (wfb::imports laos partners italy (* 4 %) );; line 62759 (wfb::external_debt laos (* n/a $) );; line 62763 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1992 );; line 62767 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1992 );; line 62767 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production laos date_1992 );; line 62767 (wfb::industrial_production laos growth_rate (* 7.5 %) );; line 62767 (wfb::industrial_production laos accounts_for (* 18 %_of_gdp) );; line 62767 (wfb::electricity laos capacity (* 260000 kw) );; line 62772 (wfb::electricity laos production (* 870e6 kwh) );; line 62774 (wfb::measurement-date electricity laos consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 62776 (wfb::electricity laos consumption_per_capita (* 44 kwh) );; line 62776 (wfb::industry laos tin_and_gypsum_mining );; line 62780 (wfb::industry laos timber-industry );; line 62780 (wfb::industry laos electric_power );; line 62780 (wfb::industry laos agricultural_processing );; line 62780 (wfb::industry laos construction-industry );; line 62780 (wfb::agriculture laos "principal crops - rice (80% of cultivated land), sweet potatoes, vegetables, corn, coffee, sugarcane, cotton; livestock - buffaloes, hogs, cattle, poultry" );; line 62785 (wfb::illicit_drugs laos "illicit producer of cannabis, opium poppy for the international drug trade, fourth largest opium producer (85 metric tons in 1994); heroin producer; increasingly used as transshipment point for heroin produced in Burma" );; line 62791 (wfb::economic_aid laos recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-79), $276 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $605 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $995 million; international assistance in loans and grant aid (1993/94) $217.7 million" );; line 62798 (wfb::abbreviation new_kip "NK" );; line 62805 (wfb::currency laos new_kip 100 at );; line 62805 (wfb::exchange_rates laos "new kips (NK) per US$1 - 717 (1994 est.), 720 (July 1993). 710 (May 1992), 710 (December 1991), 700 (September 1990), 576 (1989)" );; line 62809 (wfb::fiscal_year laos date_1_oct date_30_sep );; line 62814 (wfb::railroads laos "0 km" );; line 62819 (wfb::highways laos total (* 14130 km) );; line 62824 (wfb::highways laos paved (* 2260 km) );; line 62826 (wfb::estimation-date highways laos date_1992 );; line 62828 (wfb::inland_waterways laos "about 4,587 km, primarily Mekong and tributaries; 2,897 additional kilometers are sectionally navigable by craft drawing less than 0.5 m" );; line 62832 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 136 km) );; line 62837 (wfb::merchant_marine laos total "1 cargo ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 2,370 GRT/3,000 DWT" );; line 62846 (wfb::airports laos total 52 );; line 62851 (wfb::airports laos |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 62853 (wfb::airports laos |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 5 );; line 62855 (wfb::airports laos |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 3 );; line 62857 (wfb::airports laos with_paved_runways_under_914_m 25 );; line 62859 (wfb::airports laos |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 1 );; line 62861 (wfb::airports laos |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 17 );; line 62863 (wfb::telephone_system laos "7,390 telephones (1986); service to general public very poor; radio communications network provides generally erratic service to government users" );; line 62868 (wfb::telephone_system laos local "16 telephone lines per 1,000 people" );; line 62872 (wfb::telephone_system laos intercity "radio communications" );; line 62874 (wfb::telephone_system laos international "1 earth station" );; line 62876 (wfb::radio laos broadcast_stations am 10 );; line 62881 (wfb::radio laos broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 62881 (wfb::radio laos broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 62881 (wfb::radio laos radios n/a );; line 62883 (wfb::television laos broadcast_stations 2 );; line 62888 (wfb::television laos televisions n/a );; line 62890 (wfb::comment defense_branch laos |Lao People's Army_laos| "LPA; includes riverine naval and militia elements" );; line 62896 (wfb::defense_branch laos |Lao People's Army_laos| );; line 62896 (wfb::defense_branch laos air_force_laos );; line 62896 (wfb::defense_branch laos national_police_department_laos );; line 62896 (wfb::manpower_availability laos "males age 15-49 1,051,105; males fit for military service 567,017; males reach military age (18) annually 51,437 (1995 est.)" );; line 62901 (wfb::for-fiscal-year defense_expenditures laos 92 );; line 62906 (wfb::defense_expenditures laos (* 105e6 $) );; line 62906 (wfb::defense_expenditures laos (* 8.1 %_of_gdp) );; line 62906 (wfb::markup-parameter figure latvia "graphno=\"lg.tif\"" );; line 62912 (wfb::location latvia "Eastern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea, between Estonia and Lithuania" );; line 62916 (wfb::map_references latvia "Europe" );; line 62921 (wfb::area latvia total_area (* 64100 sq_km) );; line 62926 (wfb::area latvia land_area (* 64100 sq_km) );; line 62928 (wfb::area latvia comparative_area "slightly larger than West Virginia" );; line 62930 (wfb::borders latvia total (* 1078 km) );; line 62934 (wfb::borders latvia belarus (* 141 km) );; line 62934 (wfb::borders latvia estonia (* 267 km) );; line 62934 (wfb::borders latvia lithuania (* 453 km) );; line 62934 (wfb::borders latvia russia (* 217 km) );; line 62934 (wfb::coastline latvia (* 531 km) );; line 62939 (wfb::maritime_claims latvia exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 62944 (wfb::maritime_claims latvia territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 62946 (wfb::international_disputes latvia "the Abrene section of border ceded by the Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic to Russia in 1944" );; line 62952 (wfb::climate latvia "maritime" );; line 62957 (wfb::climate latvia "wet, moderate winters" );; line 62957 (wfb::terrain latvia "low plain" );; line 62961 (wfb::natural-resource latvia minimal );; line 62965 (wfb::natural-resource latvia amber );; line 62965 (wfb::natural-resource latvia peat );; line 62965 (wfb::natural-resource latvia limestone );; line 62965 (wfb::natural-resource latvia dolomite );; line 62965 (wfb::land_use latvia arable_land (* 27 %) );; line 62970 (wfb::land_use latvia permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 62972 (wfb::land_use latvia meadows_and_pastures (* 13 %) );; line 62974 (wfb::land_use latvia forest_and_woodland (* 39 %) );; line 62976 (wfb::land_use latvia other (* 21 %) );; line 62978 (wfb::measurement-date irrigated_land latvia date_1990 );; line 62982 (wfb::irrigated_land latvia (* 160 sq_km) );; line 62982 (wfb::environment latvia current_issues "air and water pollution because of a lack of waste conversion equipment" );; line 62987 (wfb::environment latvia current_issues "Gulf of Riga and Daugava River heavily polluted" );; line 62987 (wfb::environment latvia current_issues "contamination of soil and groundwater with chemicals and petroleum products at military bases" );; line 62987 (wfb::environment latvia natural_hazards "NA" );; line 62991 (wfb::environment latvia international_agreements "party to - Air Pollution, Hazardous Wastes, Ship Pollution" );; line 62993 (wfb::environment latvia international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Climate Change" );; line 62993 (wfb::estimation-date population latvia date_jul_1995 );; line 63000 (wfb::population latvia 2762899 );; line 63000 (wfb::age_structure latvia 0-14_years (* 22 %) );; line 63005 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex latvia 0-14_years female 294521 );; line 63005 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex latvia 0-14_years male 304830 );; line 63005 (wfb::age_structure latvia 15-64_years (* 65 %) );; line 63007 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex latvia 15-64_years female 933003 );; line 63007 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex latvia 15-64_years male 870128 );; line 63007 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure latvia 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 63009 (wfb::age_structure latvia 65_years_and_over (* 13 %) );; line 63009 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex latvia 65_years_and_over female 247476 );; line 63009 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex latvia 65_years_and_over male 112941 );; line 63009 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate latvia date_1995 );; line 63013 (wfb::population_growth_rate latvia (* 0.5 %) );; line 63013 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate latvia date_1995 );; line 63017 (wfb::birth_rate latvia (* 13.71 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 63017 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate latvia date_1995 );; line 63021 (wfb::death_rate latvia (* 12.49 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 63021 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate latvia date_1995 );; line 63025 (wfb::net_migration_rate latvia (* 3.76 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 63025 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate latvia date_1995 );; line 63029 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate latvia (* 21 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 63029 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth latvia total_population (* 69.65 years) );; line 63034 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth latvia male (* 64.6 years) );; line 63036 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth latvia female date_1995 );; line 63038 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth latvia female (* 74.95 years) );; line 63038 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate latvia date_1995 );; line 63042 (wfb::total_fertility_rate latvia (* 1.97 children_born/woman) );; line 63042 (wfb::nationality latvia noun "Latvian(s)" );; line 63047 (wfb::nationality latvia adjective "Latvian" );; line 63049 (wfb::ethnic-entity latvia latvian-ethnic-entity (* 51.8 %) );; line 63053 (wfb::ethnic-entity latvia russian (* 33.8 %) );; line 63053 (wfb::ethnic-entity latvia byelorussian (* 4.5 %) );; line 63053 (wfb::ethnic-entity latvia ukrainian (* 3.4 %) );; line 63053 (wfb::ethnic-entity latvia polish (* 2.3 %) );; line 63053 (wfb::religion latvia lutheran n/a );; line 63058 (wfb::religion latvia roman_catholic n/a );; line 63058 (wfb::religion latvia russian_orthodox n/a );; line 63058 (wfb::language latvia lettish n/a );; line 63062 (wfb::comment language latvia lettish "official" );; line 63062 (wfb::language latvia lithuanian n/a );; line 63062 (wfb::language latvia russian-language-group n/a );; line 63062 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition latvia date_1989 );; line 63066 (wfb::literacy-condition latvia "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 63066 (wfb::literacy latvia total_population (* 100 %) );; line 63068 (wfb::literacy latvia male (* 100 %) );; line 63070 (wfb::literacy latvia female (* 99 %) );; line 63072 (wfb::total_labor_force latvia 1.407e6 );; line 63076 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force latvia by_occupation date_1990 );; line 63078 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1990 );; line 63078 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation latvia industry_and_construction (* 41 %) );; line 63078 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation latvia agriculture_and_forestry (* 16 %) );; line 63078 (wfb::names latvia conventional_long_form "Republic of Latvia" );; line 63085 (wfb::names latvia conventional_short_form "Latvia" );; line 63087 (wfb::names latvia local_long_form "Latvijas Republika" );; line 63089 (wfb::names latvia local_short_form "Latvija" );; line 63091 (wfb::names latvia former "Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic" );; line 63093 (wfb::digraph latvia "LG" );; line 63097 (wfb::type latvia "republic" );; line 63101 (wfb::capital latvia riga-latvia );; line 63105 (wfb::independence latvia date_6_sep_1991 "Soviet Union" );; line 63120 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1918 );; line 63124 (wfb::comment national_holiday latvia "1918" );; line 63124 (wfb::national_holiday latvia "Independence Day" date_18_nov );; line 63124 (wfb::constitution latvia "newly elected Parliament in 1993 restored the 1933 constitution" );; line 63128 (wfb::legal_system latvia "based on civil law system" );; line 63132 (wfb::comment suffrage latvia " universal" );; line 63136 (wfb::suffrage latvia (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 63136 (wfb::comment executive_branch latvia chief_of_state "Parliament (Saeima) elected President ULMANIS in the third round of balloting on 7 July 1993" );; line 63141 (wfb::executive_branch latvia chief_of_state "President Guntis ULMANIS " date_7_jul_1993 );; line 63141 (wfb::executive_branch latvia head_of_government "Prime Minister Maris GAILIS " date_sep_1994 );; line 63144 (wfb::comment executive_branch latvia cabinet "appointed by the Supreme Council" );; line 63146 (wfb::executive_branch latvia cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 63146 (wfb::legislative_structure latvia unicameral n/a );; line 63150 (wfb::legislative_branch latvia "Parliament (Saeima)" "elections last held 5-6 June 1993 (next to be held NA October 1995); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (100 total) LC 36, LNNK 15, Concord for Latvia 13, LZS 12, Equal Rights 7, LKDS 6, TUB 6, DCP 5" );; line 63152 (wfb::judicial_branch latvia "Supreme Court" );; line 63158 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders latvia "Latvian Way Union (LC), Valdis BIRKAVS; Latvian Farmers Union (LZS), Alvars BERKIS; Latvian National Independence Movement (LNNK), Andrejs KRASTINS, Aristids LAMBERGS, cochairmen; Concord for Latvia, Janis JURKANS; Equal Rights, Sergejs DIMANIS; Christian Democrat Union (LKDS), Peteris CIMDINS, Andris SAULITIS, Janis RUSKO; Fatherland and Freedom (TUB), Maris GRINBLATS, Roberts MILBERGS, Oigerts DZENTIS; Democratic Center (DCP), Ints CALITIS; Popular Front of Latvia (LTF), Uldis AUGSTKALNS" );; line 63162 (wfb::member_of latvia bis );; line 63172 (wfb::member_of latvia cbss );; line 63172 (wfb::member_of latvia ccc );; line 63172 (wfb::member_of latvia ce );; line 63172 (wfb::member_of latvia ebrd );; line 63172 (wfb::member_of latvia ece );; line 63172 (wfb::member_of latvia fao );; line 63172 (wfb::member_of latvia ibrd );; line 63172 (wfb::member_of latvia icao );; line 63172 (wfb::member_of latvia icrm );; line 63172 (wfb::member_of latvia ida );; line 63172 (wfb::member_of latvia ifc );; line 63172 (wfb::member_of latvia ifrcs );; line 63172 (wfb::member_of latvia ilo );; line 63172 (wfb::member_of latvia imf );; line 63172 (wfb::member_of latvia imo );; line 63172 (wfb::member_of latvia intelsat );; line 63172 (wfb::comment member_of latvia intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 63172 (wfb::member_of latvia interpol );; line 63172 (wfb::member_of latvia ioc );; line 63172 (wfb::member_of latvia iom );; line 63172 (wfb::comment member_of latvia iom "observer" );; line 63172 (wfb::member_of latvia itu );; line 63172 (wfb::member_of latvia nacc );; line 63172 (wfb::member_of latvia osce );; line 63172 (wfb::member_of latvia pfp );; line 63172 (wfb::member_of latvia un );; line 63172 (wfb::member_of latvia unctad );; line 63172 (wfb::member_of latvia unesco );; line 63172 (wfb::member_of latvia unido );; line 63172 (wfb::member_of latvia upu );; line 63172 (wfb::member_of latvia weu );; line 63172 (wfb::comment member_of latvia weu "associate partner" );; line 63172 (wfb::member_of latvia who );; line 63172 (wfb::member_of latvia wipo );; line 63172 (wfb::member_of latvia wmo );; line 63172 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us latvia chief_of_mission "Ambassador Ojars Eriks KALNINS" );; line 63180 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us latvia chancery "4325 17th Street NW, Washington, DC 20011" );; line 63182 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us latvia telephone "[1] (202) 726-8213, 8214" );; line 63184 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us latvia fax "[1] (202) 726-6785" );; line 63186 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation latvia chief_of_mission "Ambassador Ints M, SILINS" );; line 63191 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation latvia embassy "Raina Boulevard 7, Riga 226050" );; line 63193 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation latvia mailing_address "use embassy street address" );; line 63195 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation latvia telephone "[371] (2) 213-962" );; line 63197 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation latvia fax "[371] 882-0047 (cellular)" );; line 63199 (wfb::flag latvia "two horizontal bands of maroon (top and bottom), white (middle, narrower than other two bands)" );; line 63203 (wfb::overview latvia "Latvia is rapidly becoming a dynamic market economy, rivaled only by Estonia among the former Soviet states in the speed of its transformation. However, the transition has been painful; in 1994 the IMF reported a 2% growth in GDP, following steep declines in 1992-93. The government's tough monetary policies and reform program have kept inflation at less than 2% a month, supported a dynamic private sector now accounting for more than half of GDP, and spurred the growth of trade ties with the West. Much of agriculture is already privatized and the government plans to step up the pace of privatization of state enterprises. Latvia thus is in the midst of recovery, helped by the country's strategic location on the Baltic Sea, its well-educated population, and its diverse - albeit largely obsolete - industrial structure." );; line 63209 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate latvia date_1994 );; line 63229 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate latvia (* 2 %) );; line 63229 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita latvia date_1994 );; line 63233 (wfb::national_product_per_capita latvia (* 4480 $) );; line 63233 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| latvia "1.9% (monthly average 1994)" );; line 63237 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate latvia date_dec_1994 );; line 63241 (wfb::unemployment_rate latvia (* 6.5 %) );; line 63241 (wfb::budget latvia revenues (* n/a $) );; line 63246 (wfb::budget latvia expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 63248 (wfb::budget latvia capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 63248 (wfb::exports latvia (* 1e9 $) );; line 63252 (wfb::exports latvia commodities oil_products n/a );; line 63254 (wfb::exports latvia commodities timber-commodity n/a );; line 63254 (wfb::exports latvia commodities ferrous_metals n/a );; line 63254 (wfb::exports latvia commodities dairy_products n/a );; line 63254 (wfb::exports latvia commodities furniture-commodity n/a );; line 63254 (wfb::exports latvia commodities textiles-commodity n/a );; line 63254 (wfb::exports latvia partners russia n/a );; line 63257 (wfb::exports latvia partners germany n/a );; line 63257 (wfb::exports latvia partners sweden n/a );; line 63257 (wfb::exports latvia partners belarus n/a );; line 63257 (wfb::imports latvia (* 1.2e9 $) );; line 63261 (wfb::imports latvia commodities fuels n/a );; line 63263 (wfb::imports latvia commodities cars n/a );; line 63263 (wfb::imports latvia commodities ferrous_metals n/a );; line 63263 (wfb::imports latvia commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 63263 (wfb::imports latvia partners russia n/a );; line 63265 (wfb::imports latvia partners germany n/a );; line 63265 (wfb::imports latvia partners sweden n/a );; line 63265 (wfb::imports latvia partners ukraine n/a );; line 63265 (wfb::external_debt latvia (* n/a $) );; line 63269 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 63273 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production latvia date_1994 );; line 63273 (wfb::industrial_production latvia growth_rate (* -9.5 %) );; line 63273 (wfb::industrial_production latvia accounts_for (* 27 %_of_gdp) );; line 63273 (wfb::electricity latvia capacity (* 2080000 kw) );; line 63278 (wfb::electricity latvia production (* 5.5e9 kwh) );; line 63280 (wfb::measurement-date electricity latvia consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 63282 (wfb::electricity latvia consumption_per_capita (* 1864 kwh) );; line 63282 (wfb::industry latvia highly_diversified );; line 63286 (wfb::industry latvia dependent_on_imports_for_energy );; line 63286 (wfb::industry latvia raw_materials-industry );; line 63286 (wfb::industry latvia intermediate_products );; line 63286 (wfb::industry latvia produces_buses );; line 63286 (wfb::industry latvia vans );; line 63286 (wfb::industry latvia street_and_railroad_cars );; line 63286 (wfb::industry latvia synthetic_fibers );; line 63286 (wfb::industry latvia agricultural_machinery );; line 63286 (wfb::industry latvia fertilizers );; line 63286 (wfb::industry latvia washing_machines );; line 63286 (wfb::industry latvia radios );; line 63286 (wfb::industry latvia electronics-industry );; line 63286 (wfb::industry latvia pharmaceuticals-industry );; line 63286 (wfb::industry latvia processed_foods );; line 63286 (wfb::industry latvia textiles );; line 63286 (wfb::agriculture latvia "principally dairy farming and livestock feeding; products - meat, milk, eggs, grain, sugar beets, potatoes, vegetables; fishing and fish packing" );; line 63293 (wfb::illicit_drugs latvia "transshipment point for illicit drugs from Central and Southwest Asia and Latin America to Western Europe; limited producer of illicit opium; mostly for domestic consumption; also produces illicit amphetamines for export" );; line 63299 (wfb::economic_aid latvia "$NA" );; line 63306 (wfb::abbreviation lat "n/a" );; line 63310 (wfb::currency latvia lat 100 |cents; introduced NA March 1993| );; line 63310 (wfb::exchange_rates latvia "lats per US$1 - 0.55 (December 1994), 0.5917 (January 1994), 1.32 (March 1993)" );; line 63314 (wfb::fiscal_year latvia date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 63319 (wfb::railroads latvia total "2,400 km" );; line 63325 (wfb::railroads latvia broad_gauge "2,400 km 1.520-m gauge (270 km electrified)" );; line 63327 (wfb::highways latvia total (* 59500 km) );; line 63332 (wfb::highways latvia paved_and_graveled (* 33000 km) );; line 63334 (wfb::measurement-date highways latvia date_1990 );; line 63336 (wfb::comment highways latvia unpaved "1990" );; line 63336 (wfb::measurement-date highways latvia unpaved earth date_1990 );; line 63336 (wfb::highways latvia earth (* 26500 km) );; line 63336 (wfb::inland_waterways latvia "300 km perennially navigable" );; line 63340 (wfb::measurement-date pipelines date_1992 );; line 63344 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 750 km) );; line 63344 (wfb::pipelines refined_products (* 780 km) );; line 63344 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 560 km) );; line 63344 (wfb::port latvia daugavpils-latvia );; line 63349 (wfb::port latvia liepaja-latvia );; line 63349 (wfb::port latvia riga-latvia );; line 63349 (wfb::port latvia ventspils-latvia );; line 63349 (wfb::merchant_marine latvia total "85 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 774,182 GRT/1,010,517 DWT" );; line 63354 (wfb::merchant_marine latvia ships_by_type "cargo 17, oil tanker 37, refrigerated cargo 24, roll-on/roll-off cargo 7" );; line 63356 (wfb::airports latvia total 50 );; line 63362 (wfb::airports latvia |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 6 );; line 63364 (wfb::airports latvia |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 2 );; line 63366 (wfb::airports latvia |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 63368 (wfb::airports latvia with_paved_runways_under_914_m 27 );; line 63370 (wfb::airports latvia |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 2 );; line 63372 (wfb::airports latvia |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 2 );; line 63374 (wfb::airports latvia with_unpaved_runways_under_914_m 10 );; line 63376 (wfb::telephone_system latvia "660,000 telephones; 240 telephones/1,000 persons (1993); Latvia is better provided with telephone service than most of the other former Soviet republics; an NMT-450 analog cellular telephone network covers 75% of Latvia's population" );; line 63381 (wfb::telephone_system latvia local "NA" );; line 63386 (wfb::telephone_system latvia intercity "NA" );; line 63388 (wfb::telephone_system latvia international "international traffic carried by leased connection to the Moscow international gateway switch and through the new Ericsson AXE local/transit digital telephone exchange in Riga and through the Finnish cellular net; electronic mail capability by Sprint data network" );; line 63390 (wfb::radio latvia radios n/a );; line 63400 (wfb::television latvia broadcast_stations n/a );; line 63405 (wfb::television latvia televisions n/a );; line 63407 (wfb::defense_branch latvia ground_forces_latvia );; line 63413 (wfb::defense_branch latvia navy_latvia );; line 63413 (wfb::defense_branch latvia air_and_air_defense_forces_latvia );; line 63413 (wfb::comment defense_branch latvia security_forces_latvia "internal and border troops" );; line 63413 (wfb::defense_branch latvia security_forces_latvia );; line 63413 (wfb::defense_branch latvia border_guard_latvia );; line 63413 (wfb::comment defense_branch latvia home_guard_latvia "Zemessardze" );; line 63413 (wfb::defense_branch latvia home_guard_latvia );; line 63413 (wfb::manpower_availability latvia "males age 15-49 658,193; males fit for military service 517,896; males reach military age (18) annually 18,736 (1995 est.)" );; line 63418 (wfb::markup-parameter figure lebanon "graphno=\"le.tif\"" );; line 63431 (wfb::header lebanon "Note--Lebanon has made progress toward rebuilding its political institutions and regaining its national sovereignty since the end of the devastating 16-year civil war which began in 1975. Under the Ta'if accord - the blueprint for national reconciliation - the Lebanese have established a more equitable political system, particularly by giving Muslims a greater say in the political process. Since December 1990, the Lebanese have formed three cabinets and conducted the first legislative election in 20 years. Most of the militias have been weakened or disbanded. The Lebanese Armed Forces (LAF) has seized vast quantities of weapons used by the militias during the war and extended central government authority over about one-half of the country. Hizballah, the radical Sh'ia party, retains most of its weapons. Foreign forces still occupy areas of Lebanon. Israel maintains troops in southern Lebanon and continues to support a proxy militia, The Army of South Lebanon (ASL), along a narrow stretch of territory contiguous to its border. The ASL's enclave encompasses this self-declared security zone and about 20 kilometers north to the strategic town of Jazzine. As of December 1993, Syria maintained about 30,000-35,000 troops in Lebanon. These troops are based mainly in Beirut, North Lebanon, and the Bekaa Valley. Syria's deployment was legitimized by the Arab League early in Lebanon's civil war and in the Ta'if accord. Citing the continued weakness of the LAF, Beirut's requests, and failure of the Lebanese Government to implement all of the constitutional reforms in the Ta'if accord, Damascus has so far refused to withdraw its troops from Beirut." );; line 63431 (wfb::location lebanon "Middle East, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Israel and Syria" );; line 63457 (wfb::map_references lebanon "Middle East" );; line 63462 (wfb::area lebanon total_area (* 10400 sq_km) );; line 63467 (wfb::area lebanon land_area (* 10230 sq_km) );; line 63469 (wfb::area lebanon comparative_area "about 0.8 times the size of Connecticut" );; line 63471 (wfb::borders lebanon total (* 454 km) );; line 63475 (wfb::borders lebanon israel (* 79 km) );; line 63475 (wfb::borders lebanon syria (* 375 km) );; line 63475 (wfb::coastline lebanon (* 225 km) );; line 63479 (wfb::maritime_claims lebanon territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 63484 (wfb::international_disputes lebanon "separated from Israel by the 1949 Armistice Line" );; line 63488 (wfb::international_disputes lebanon "Israeli troops in southern Lebanon since June 1982" );; line 63488 (wfb::international_disputes lebanon "Syrian troops in northern, central, and eastern Lebanon since October 1976" );; line 63488 (wfb::climate lebanon "Mediterranean" );; line 63494 (wfb::climate lebanon "mild to cool, wet winters with hot, dry summers" );; line 63494 (wfb::climate lebanon "Lebanon mountains experience heavy winter snows" );; line 63494 (wfb::terrain lebanon "narrow coastal plain" );; line 63499 (wfb::terrain lebanon "Al Biqa' (Bekaa Valley) separates Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon Mountains" );; line 63499 (wfb::natural-resource lebanon limestone );; line 63504 (wfb::natural-resource lebanon iron_ore );; line 63504 (wfb::natural-resource lebanon salt );; line 63504 (wfb::natural-resource lebanon water-surplus_state_in_a_water-deficit_region );; line 63504 (wfb::land_use lebanon arable_land (* 21 %) );; line 63510 (wfb::land_use lebanon permanent_crops (* 9 %) );; line 63512 (wfb::land_use lebanon meadows_and_pastures (* 1 %) );; line 63514 (wfb::land_use lebanon forest_and_woodland (* 8 %) );; line 63516 (wfb::land_use lebanon other (* 61 %) );; line 63518 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land lebanon date_1989 );; line 63522 (wfb::irrigated_land lebanon (* 860 sq_km) );; line 63522 (wfb::environment lebanon current_issues "deforestation" );; line 63527 (wfb::environment lebanon current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 63527 (wfb::environment lebanon current_issues "desertification" );; line 63527 (wfb::environment lebanon current_issues "air pollution in Beirut from vehicular traffic and the burning of industrial wastes" );; line 63527 (wfb::environment lebanon current_issues "pollution of coastal waters from raw sewage and oil spills" );; line 63527 (wfb::environment lebanon natural_hazards "duststorms, sandstorms" );; line 63531 (wfb::environment lebanon international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution" );; line 63533 (wfb::environment lebanon international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Desertification, Environmental Modification, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation" );; line 63533 (wfb::note lebanon "Nahr al Litani only major river in Near East not crossing an international boundary; rugged terrain historically helped isolate, protect, and develop numerous factional groups based on religion, clan, and ethnicity" );; line 63540 (wfb::estimation-date population lebanon date_jul_1995 );; line 63548 (wfb::population lebanon 3695921 );; line 63548 (wfb::age_structure lebanon 0-14_years (* 36 %) );; line 63553 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex lebanon 0-14_years female 657403 );; line 63553 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex lebanon 0-14_years male 682757 );; line 63553 (wfb::age_structure lebanon 15-64_years (* 58 %) );; line 63555 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex lebanon 15-64_years female 1131450 );; line 63555 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex lebanon 15-64_years male 1016859 );; line 63555 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure lebanon 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 63557 (wfb::age_structure lebanon 65_years_and_over (* 6 %) );; line 63557 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex lebanon 65_years_and_over female 111585 );; line 63557 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex lebanon 65_years_and_over male 95867 );; line 63557 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate lebanon date_1995 );; line 63561 (wfb::population_growth_rate lebanon (* 2.15 %) );; line 63561 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate lebanon date_1995 );; line 63565 (wfb::birth_rate lebanon (* 27.9 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 63565 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate lebanon date_1995 );; line 63569 (wfb::death_rate lebanon (* 6.44 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 63569 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate lebanon date_1995 );; line 63573 (wfb::net_migration_rate lebanon (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 63573 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate lebanon date_1995 );; line 63577 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate lebanon (* 38 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 63577 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth lebanon total_population (* 69.69 years) );; line 63582 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth lebanon male (* 67.22 years) );; line 63584 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth lebanon female date_1995 );; line 63586 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth lebanon female (* 72.28 years) );; line 63586 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate lebanon date_1995 );; line 63590 (wfb::total_fertility_rate lebanon (* 3.31 children_born/woman) );; line 63590 (wfb::nationality lebanon noun "Lebanese (singular and plural)" );; line 63595 (wfb::nationality lebanon adjective "Lebanese" );; line 63597 (wfb::ethnic-entity lebanon arab (* 95 %) );; line 63601 (wfb::ethnic-entity lebanon armenian (* 4 %) );; line 63601 (wfb::comment religion "5 legally recognized Islamic groups - Alawite or Nusayri, Druze, Isma'ilite, Shi'a, Sunni" );; line 63605 (wfb::religion lebanon islam (* 70 %) );; line 63605 (wfb::comment religion "11 legally recognized Christian groups - 4 Orthodox Christian, 6 Catholic, 1 Protestant" );; line 63605 (wfb::religion lebanon christian (* 30 %) );; line 63605 (wfb::religion lebanon judaism_negl% n/a );; line 63605 (wfb::language lebanon arabic n/a );; line 63612 (wfb::comment language lebanon arabic "official" );; line 63612 (wfb::language lebanon french n/a );; line 63612 (wfb::comment language lebanon french "official" );; line 63612 (wfb::language lebanon armenian-language-group n/a );; line 63612 (wfb::language lebanon english n/a );; line 63612 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition lebanon date_1990 );; line 63616 (wfb::literacy-condition lebanon "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 63616 (wfb::literacy lebanon total_population (* 80 %) );; line 63618 (wfb::literacy lebanon male (* 88 %) );; line 63620 (wfb::literacy lebanon female (* 73 %) );; line 63622 (wfb::total_labor_force lebanon 650000 );; line 63626 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force lebanon by_occupation date_1985 );; line 63628 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1985 );; line 63628 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation lebanon industry n/a );; line 63628 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation lebanon commerce n/a );; line 63628 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation lebanon services (* 79 %) );; line 63628 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation lebanon agriculture (* 11 %) );; line 63628 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation lebanon government (* 10 %) );; line 63628 (wfb::names lebanon conventional_long_form "Republic of Lebanon" );; line 63635 (wfb::names lebanon conventional_short_form "Lebanon" );; line 63637 (wfb::names lebanon local_long_form "Al Jumhuriyah al Lubnaniyah" );; line 63639 (wfb::digraph lebanon "LE" );; line 63645 (wfb::type lebanon "republic" );; line 63649 (wfb::capital lebanon beirut-lebanon );; line 63653 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_lebanon_governorates "governorates" "muhafazat" "muhafazah" );; line 63657 (wfb::administrative_divisions lebanon adm_div_lebanon_governorates 5 );; line 63657 (wfb::administrative_division_of lebanon adm_div_lebanon_governorates "Al Biqa" );; line 63657 (wfb::administrative_division_of lebanon adm_div_lebanon_governorates "'Al Janub" );; line 63657 (wfb::administrative_division_of lebanon adm_div_lebanon_governorates "Ash Shamal" );; line 63657 (wfb::administrative_division_of lebanon adm_div_lebanon_governorates "Bayrut" );; line 63657 (wfb::administrative_division_of lebanon adm_div_lebanon_governorates "Jabal Lubnan" );; line 63657 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1943 );; line 63667 (wfb::comment national_holiday lebanon "1943" );; line 63667 (wfb::national_holiday lebanon "Independence Day" date_22_nov );; line 63667 (wfb::constitution lebanon "23 May 1926, amended a number of times" );; line 63671 (wfb::legal_system lebanon "mixture of Ottoman law, canon law, Napoleonic code, and civil law; no judicial review of legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 63675 (wfb::comment suffrage lebanon " compulsory for all males; authorized for women at age 21 with elementary education" );; line 63681 (wfb::suffrage lebanon (* 21 years_of_age) );; line 63681 (wfb::comment executive_branch lebanon chief_of_state "note - by custom, the president is a Maronite Christian, the prime minister is a Sunni Muslim, and the speaker of the legislature is a Shi'a Muslim" );; line 63687 (wfb::executive_branch lebanon chief_of_state "President Ilyas HARAWI " date_24_nov_1989 );; line 63687 (wfb::executive_branch lebanon head_of_government "Prime Minister Rafiq HARIRI " date_22_oct_1992 );; line 63691 (wfb::comment executive_branch lebanon cabinet "chosen by the president in consultation with the members of the National Assembly" );; line 63693 (wfb::executive_branch lebanon cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 63693 (wfb::legislative_structure lebanon unicameral n/a );; line 63698 (wfb::legislative_branch lebanon "National Assembly" "(Arabic - Majlis Alnuwab, French - Assemblee Nationale) Lebanon's first legislative election in 20 years was held in the summer of 1992; the National Assembly is composed of 128 deputies, one-half Christian and one-half Muslim; its mandate expires in 1996" );; line 63700 (wfb::judicial_branch lebanon "four Courts of Cassation (three courts for civil and commercial cases and one court for criminal cases)" );; line 63707 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders lebanon "political party activity is organized along largely sectarian lines; numerous political groupings exist, consisting of individual political figures and followers motivated by religious, clan, and economic considerations" );; line 63712 (wfb::member_of lebanon abeda );; line 63719 (wfb::member_of lebanon acct );; line 63719 (wfb::member_of lebanon afesd );; line 63719 (wfb::member_of lebanon al );; line 63719 (wfb::member_of lebanon amf );; line 63719 (wfb::member_of lebanon ccc );; line 63719 (wfb::member_of lebanon escwa );; line 63719 (wfb::member_of lebanon fao );; line 63719 (wfb::member_of lebanon g-24 );; line 63719 (wfb::member_of lebanon g-77 );; line 63719 (wfb::member_of lebanon iaea );; line 63719 (wfb::member_of lebanon ibrd );; line 63719 (wfb::member_of lebanon icao );; line 63719 (wfb::member_of lebanon icc );; line 63719 (wfb::member_of lebanon icftu );; line 63719 (wfb::member_of lebanon icrm );; line 63719 (wfb::member_of lebanon ida );; line 63719 (wfb::member_of lebanon idb );; line 63719 (wfb::member_of lebanon ifad );; line 63719 (wfb::member_of lebanon ifc );; line 63719 (wfb::member_of lebanon ifrcs );; line 63719 (wfb::member_of lebanon ilo );; line 63719 (wfb::member_of lebanon imf );; line 63719 (wfb::member_of lebanon imo );; line 63719 (wfb::member_of lebanon intelsat );; line 63719 (wfb::member_of lebanon interpol );; line 63719 (wfb::member_of lebanon ioc );; line 63719 (wfb::member_of lebanon itu );; line 63719 (wfb::member_of lebanon nam );; line 63719 (wfb::member_of lebanon oic );; line 63719 (wfb::member_of lebanon pca );; line 63719 (wfb::member_of lebanon un );; line 63719 (wfb::member_of lebanon unctad );; line 63719 (wfb::member_of lebanon unesco );; line 63719 (wfb::member_of lebanon unhcr );; line 63719 (wfb::member_of lebanon unido );; line 63719 (wfb::member_of lebanon unrwa );; line 63719 (wfb::member_of lebanon upu );; line 63719 (wfb::member_of lebanon wftu );; line 63719 (wfb::member_of lebanon who );; line 63719 (wfb::member_of lebanon wipo );; line 63719 (wfb::member_of lebanon wmo );; line 63719 (wfb::member_of lebanon wto );; line 63719 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us lebanon chief_of_mission "Ambassador Riyad TABBARAH" );; line 63727 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us lebanon chancery "2560 28th Street NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 63729 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us lebanon telephone "[1] (202) 939-6300" );; line 63731 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us lebanon fax "[1] (202) 939-6324" );; line 63733 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us lebanon |consulate(s) general| "Detroit, New York, and Los Angeles" );; line 63735 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation lebanon chief_of_mission "(vacant)" );; line 63740 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation lebanon embassy "Antelias, Beirut" );; line 63742 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation lebanon address "P. O. Box 70-840, Beirut; PSC 815, Box 2, Beirut; FPO AE 09836-0002" );; line 63744 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation lebanon telephone "[961] (1) 402200, 403300, 416502, 426183, 417774" );; line 63747 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation lebanon fax "[961] (1) 407112" );; line 63749 (wfb::flag lebanon "three horizontal bands of red (top), white (double width), and red with a green and brown cedar tree centered in the white band" );; line 63753 (wfb::overview lebanon "The 1975-1991 civil war seriously damaged Lebanon's economic infrastructure, cut national output by half, and all but ended Lebanon's position as a Middle Eastern entrepot and banking hub. A tentative peace has enabled the central government to begin restoring control in Beirut, collect taxes, and regain access to key port and government facilities. The battered economy has also been propped up by a financially sound banking system and resilient small- and medium-scale manufacturers. Family remittances, banking transactions, manufactured and farm exports, the narcotics trade, and international emergency aid are the main sources of foreign exchange. In the relatively settled year of 1991, industrial production, agricultural output, and exports showed substantial gains. The further rebuilding of the war-ravaged country was delayed in 1992 because of an upturn in political wrangling. In October 1992, Rafiq HARIRI was appointed Prime Minister. HARIRI, a wealthy entrepreneur, announced ambitious plans for Lebanon's reconstruction which involve a substantial influx of foreign aid and investment. Progress on restoring basic services is limited. Since Prime Minister HARIRI's appointment, the most significant improvement lies in the stabilization of the Lebanese pound, which had gained over 30% in value by yearend 1993. The years 1993 and 1994 were marked by efforts of the new administration to encourage domestic and foreign investment and to obtain additional international assistance. The construction sector led the 8.5% advance in real GDP in 1994." );; line 63759 (wfb::estimation-date national_product lebanon date_1994 );; line 63783 (wfb::national_product lebanon (* 15.8e9 $) );; line 63783 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate lebanon date_1994 );; line 63787 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate lebanon (* 8.5 %) );; line 63787 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita lebanon date_1994 );; line 63791 (wfb::national_product_per_capita lebanon (* 4360 $) );; line 63791 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| lebanon "12% (1994 est.)" );; line 63795 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate lebanon date_1993 );; line 63799 (wfb::unemployment_rate lebanon (* 35 %) );; line 63799 (wfb::budget lebanon revenues (* 1.4e9 $) );; line 63804 (wfb::estimation-date budget lebanon date_1994 );; line 63806 (wfb::estimation-date budget lebanon expenditures date_1994 );; line 63806 (wfb::budget lebanon expenditures (* 3.2e9 $) );; line 63806 (wfb::exports lebanon (* 925e6 $) );; line 63810 (wfb::exports lebanon commodities agricultural_products n/a );; line 63812 (wfb::exports lebanon commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 63812 (wfb::exports lebanon commodities textiles-commodity n/a );; line 63812 (wfb::exports lebanon commodities precious_and_semiprecious_metals_and_jewelry n/a );; line 63812 (wfb::exports lebanon commodities metals_and_metal_products n/a );; line 63812 (wfb::exports lebanon partners saudi_arabia (* 21 %) );; line 63815 (wfb::exports lebanon partners switzerland (* 9.5 %) );; line 63815 (wfb::exports lebanon partners jordan (* 6 %) );; line 63815 (wfb::exports lebanon partners kuwait (* 12 %) );; line 63815 (wfb::exports lebanon partners us (* 5 %) );; line 63815 (wfb::imports lebanon (* 4.1e9 $) );; line 63819 (wfb::imports lebanon commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 63821 (wfb::imports lebanon commodities machinery_and_transport_equipment n/a );; line 63821 (wfb::imports lebanon commodities petroleum_products-commodity n/a );; line 63821 (wfb::imports lebanon partners italy (* 14 %) );; line 63824 (wfb::imports lebanon partners france (* 12 %) );; line 63824 (wfb::imports lebanon partners us (* 6 %) );; line 63824 (wfb::imports lebanon partners turkey (* 5 %) );; line 63824 (wfb::imports lebanon partners saudi_arabia (* 3 %) );; line 63824 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt lebanon date_1994 );; line 63828 (wfb::external_debt lebanon (* 765e6 $) );; line 63828 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 63832 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production lebanon date_1993 );; line 63832 (wfb::industrial_production lebanon growth_rate (* 25 %) );; line 63832 (wfb::electricity lebanon capacity (* 1220000 kw) );; line 63837 (wfb::electricity lebanon production (* 2.5e9 kwh) );; line 63839 (wfb::measurement-date electricity lebanon consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 63841 (wfb::electricity lebanon consumption_per_capita (* 676 kwh) );; line 63841 (wfb::industry lebanon banking );; line 63845 (wfb::industry lebanon food_processing );; line 63845 (wfb::industry lebanon textiles );; line 63845 (wfb::industry lebanon cement );; line 63845 (wfb::industry lebanon oil_refining );; line 63845 (wfb::industry lebanon chemicals );; line 63845 (wfb::industry lebanon jewelry-industry );; line 63845 (wfb::industry lebanon some_metal_fabricating );; line 63845 (wfb::agriculture lebanon "principal products - citrus fruits, vegetables, potatoes, olives, tobacco, hemp (hashish), sheep, goats; not self-sufficient in grain" );; line 63850 (wfb::illicit_drugs lebanon "illicit producer of hashish and heroin for the international drug trade; hashish production is shipped to Western Europe, the Middle East, and North and South America; increasingly a key locus of cocaine processing and trafficking; a Lebanese/Syrian 1994 eradication campaign eliminated the opium crop and caused a 50% decrease in the cannabis crop" );; line 63855 (wfb::economic_aid lebanon "the government estimates that it has received $1.7 billion in aid and has an additional $725 million in commitments to support its $3 billion National Emergency Recovery Program" );; line 63863 (wfb::abbreviation lebanese_pound "#L" );; line 63869 (wfb::currency lebanon lebanese_pound 100 piasters );; line 63869 (wfb::exchange_rates lebanon "Lebanese pounds (#L) per US$1 - 1,644.6 (January 1995), 1,680.1 (1994), 1,741.4 (1993), 1,712.8 (1992), 928.23 (1991), 695.09 (1990)" );; line 63873 (wfb::fiscal_year lebanon date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 63878 (wfb::railroads lebanon total "222 km" );; line 63884 (wfb::railroads lebanon standard_gauge "222 km 1.435-m" );; line 63886 (wfb::comment railroads lebanon "system in disrepair, considered inoperable" );; line 63888 (wfb::highways lebanon total (* 7300 km) );; line 63893 (wfb::highways lebanon paved (* 6200 km) );; line 63895 (wfb::highways lebanon gravel (* 450 km) );; line 63897 (wfb::highways lebanon improved_earth (* 650 km) );; line 63897 (wfb::comment pipelines lebanon "none in operation" );; line 63901 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 72 km) );; line 63901 (wfb::port lebanon al_batrun-lebanon );; line 63905 (wfb::port lebanon al_mina-lebanon );; line 63905 (wfb::port lebanon an_naqurah-lebanon );; line 63905 (wfb::port lebanon antilyas-lebanon );; line 63905 (wfb::port lebanon az_zahrani-lebanon );; line 63905 (wfb::port lebanon beirut-lebanon );; line 63905 (wfb::port lebanon jubayl-lebanon );; line 63905 (wfb::port lebanon juniyah-lebanon );; line 63905 (wfb::port lebanon shikka_jadidah-lebanon );; line 63905 (wfb::port lebanon sidon-lebanon );; line 63905 (wfb::port lebanon tripoli-lebanon );; line 63905 (wfb::port lebanon tyre-lebanon );; line 63905 (wfb::merchant_marine lebanon total "64 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 260,383 GRT/381,937 DWT" );; line 63911 (wfb::merchant_marine lebanon ships_by_type "bulk 4, cargo 41, chemical tanker 1, combination bulk 1, combination ore/oil 1, container 2, livestock carrier 6, refrigerated cargo 3, roll-on/roll-off cargo 2, specialized tanker 1, vehicle carrier 2" );; line 63913 (wfb::airports lebanon total 9 );; line 63920 (wfb::airports lebanon |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 63922 (wfb::airports lebanon |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 2 );; line 63924 (wfb::airports lebanon |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 2 );; line 63926 (wfb::airports lebanon |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 63928 (wfb::airports lebanon with_paved_runways_under_914_m 2 );; line 63930 (wfb::airports lebanon |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 63932 (wfb::telephone_system lebanon "325,000 telephones; 95 telephones/1,000 persons; telecommunications system severely damaged by civil war; rebuilding still underway" );; line 63937 (wfb::telephone_system lebanon local "NA" );; line 63940 (wfb::telephone_system lebanon intercity "primarily microwave radio relay and cable" );; line 63942 (wfb::telephone_system lebanon international "2 INTELSAT (1 Indian Ocean and 1 Atlantic Ocean) earth stations (erratic operations); coaxial cable to Syria; microwave radio relay to Syria but inoperable beyond Syria to Jordan; 3 submarine coaxial cables" );; line 63944 (wfb::radio lebanon broadcast_stations am 5 );; line 63951 (wfb::radio lebanon broadcast_stations fm 3 );; line 63951 (wfb::radio lebanon broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 63951 (wfb::radio lebanon radios n/a );; line 63954 (wfb::television lebanon broadcast_stations 13 );; line 63959 (wfb::television lebanon televisions n/a );; line 63961 (wfb::comment defense_branch lebanon lebanese_armed_forces_lebanon "LAF; includes Army, Navy, and Air Force" );; line 63967 (wfb::defense_branch lebanon lebanese_armed_forces_lebanon );; line 63967 (wfb::manpower_availability lebanon "males age 15-49 857,698; males fit for military service 533,640 (1995 est.)" );; line 63971 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures lebanon date_1994 );; line 63976 (wfb::defense_expenditures lebanon (* 278e6 $) );; line 63976 (wfb::defense_expenditures lebanon (* 5.5 %_of_gdp) );; line 63976 (wfb::markup-parameter figure lesotho "graphno=\"lt.tif\"" );; line 63982 (wfb::location lesotho "Southern Africa, an enclave of South Africa" );; line 63986 (wfb::map_references lesotho "Africa" );; line 63990 (wfb::area lesotho total_area (* 30350 sq_km) );; line 63995 (wfb::area lesotho land_area (* 30350 sq_km) );; line 63997 (wfb::area lesotho comparative_area "slightly larger than Maryland" );; line 63999 (wfb::borders lesotho total (* 909 km) );; line 64003 (wfb::borders lesotho south_africa (* 909 km) );; line 64003 (wfb::comment coastline lesotho "landlocked" );; line 64007 (wfb::coastline lesotho (* 0 km) );; line 64007 (wfb::maritime_claims lesotho "none; landlocked" );; line 64011 (wfb::international_disputes lesotho "none" );; line 64015 (wfb::climate lesotho "temperate" );; line 64019 (wfb::climate lesotho "cool to cold, dry winters" );; line 64019 (wfb::climate lesotho "hot, wet summers" );; line 64019 (wfb::terrain lesotho "mostly highland with plateaus, hills, and mountains" );; line 64023 (wfb::natural-resource lesotho water );; line 64027 (wfb::natural-resource lesotho agricultural_and_grazing_land );; line 64027 (wfb::natural-resource lesotho some_diamonds_and_other_minerals );; line 64027 (wfb::land_use lesotho arable_land (* 10 %) );; line 64033 (wfb::land_use lesotho permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 64035 (wfb::land_use lesotho meadows_and_pastures (* 66 %) );; line 64037 (wfb::land_use lesotho forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 64039 (wfb::land_use lesotho other (* 24 %) );; line 64041 (wfb::irrigated_land lesotho (* n/a sq_km) );; line 64045 (wfb::environment lesotho current_issues "population pressure forcing settlement in marginal areas results in overgrazing, severe soil erosion, soil exhaustion" );; line 64050 (wfb::environment lesotho current_issues "desertification" );; line 64050 (wfb::environment lesotho current_issues "Highlands Water Project will control, store, and redirect water to South Africa" );; line 64050 (wfb::environment lesotho natural_hazards "periodic droughts" );; line 64054 (wfb::environment lesotho international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands" );; line 64056 (wfb::environment lesotho international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping" );; line 64056 (wfb::note lesotho "landlocked; surrounded by South Africa" );; line 64062 (wfb::estimation-date population lesotho date_jul_1995 );; line 64068 (wfb::population lesotho 1992960 );; line 64068 (wfb::age_structure lesotho 0-14_years (* 41 %) );; line 64073 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex lesotho 0-14_years female 407213 );; line 64073 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex lesotho 0-14_years male 416709 );; line 64073 (wfb::age_structure lesotho 15-64_years (* 54 %) );; line 64075 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex lesotho 15-64_years female 558106 );; line 64075 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex lesotho 15-64_years male 520961 );; line 64075 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure lesotho 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 64077 (wfb::age_structure lesotho 65_years_and_over (* 5 %) );; line 64077 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex lesotho 65_years_and_over female 51809 );; line 64077 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex lesotho 65_years_and_over male 38162 );; line 64077 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate lesotho date_1995 );; line 64081 (wfb::population_growth_rate lesotho (* 2.44 %) );; line 64081 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate lesotho date_1995 );; line 64085 (wfb::birth_rate lesotho (* 33.39 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 64085 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate lesotho date_1995 );; line 64089 (wfb::death_rate lesotho (* 8.96 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 64089 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate lesotho date_1995 );; line 64093 (wfb::net_migration_rate lesotho (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 64093 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate lesotho date_1995 );; line 64097 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate lesotho (* 67.4 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 64097 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth lesotho total_population (* 62.56 years) );; line 64102 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth lesotho male (* 60.74 years) );; line 64104 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth lesotho female date_1995 );; line 64106 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth lesotho female (* 64.43 years) );; line 64106 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate lesotho date_1995 );; line 64110 (wfb::total_fertility_rate lesotho (* 4.41 children_born/woman) );; line 64110 (wfb::nationality lesotho noun "Mosotho (singular), Basotho (plural)" );; line 64115 (wfb::nationality lesotho adjective "Basotho" );; line 64117 (wfb::ethnic-entity lesotho sotho (* 99.7 %) );; line 64121 (wfb::ethnic-entity lesotho |Europeans 1,600| n/a );; line 64121 (wfb::ethnic-entity lesotho asians_800 n/a );; line 64121 (wfb::religion lesotho christian (* 80 %) );; line 64125 (wfb::religion lesotho rest_indigenous_beliefs n/a );; line 64125 (wfb::language lesotho sesotho n/a );; line 64129 (wfb::comment language lesotho sesotho "southern Sotho" );; line 64129 (wfb::language lesotho english n/a );; line 64129 (wfb::comment language lesotho english "official" );; line 64129 (wfb::language lesotho zulu n/a );; line 64129 (wfb::language lesotho xhosa n/a );; line 64129 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition lesotho date_1966 );; line 64133 (wfb::literacy-condition lesotho "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 64133 (wfb::literacy lesotho total_population (* 59 %) );; line 64135 (wfb::literacy lesotho male (* 44 %) );; line 64137 (wfb::literacy lesotho female (* 68 %) );; line 64139 (wfb::names lesotho conventional_long_form "Kingdom of Lesotho" );; line 64152 (wfb::names lesotho conventional_short_form "Lesotho" );; line 64154 (wfb::names lesotho former "Basutoland" );; line 64156 (wfb::digraph lesotho "LT" );; line 64160 (wfb::type lesotho "constitutional monarchy" );; line 64164 (wfb::capital lesotho maseru-lesotho );; line 64168 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_lesotho_districts "districts" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 64172 (wfb::administrative_divisions lesotho adm_div_lesotho_districts 10 );; line 64172 (wfb::administrative_division_of lesotho adm_div_lesotho_districts "Berea" );; line 64172 (wfb::administrative_division_of lesotho adm_div_lesotho_districts "Butha-Buthe" );; line 64172 (wfb::administrative_division_of lesotho adm_div_lesotho_districts "Leribe" );; line 64172 (wfb::administrative_division_of lesotho adm_div_lesotho_districts "Mafeteng" );; line 64172 (wfb::administrative_division_of lesotho adm_div_lesotho_districts "Maseru" );; line 64172 (wfb::administrative_division_of lesotho adm_div_lesotho_districts "Mohale's Hoek" );; line 64172 (wfb::administrative_division_of lesotho adm_div_lesotho_districts "Mokhotlong" );; line 64172 (wfb::administrative_division_of lesotho adm_div_lesotho_districts "Qacha's Nek" );; line 64172 (wfb::administrative_division_of lesotho adm_div_lesotho_districts "Quthing" );; line 64172 (wfb::administrative_division_of lesotho adm_div_lesotho_districts "Thaba-Tseka" );; line 64172 (wfb::independence lesotho date_4_oct_1966 "UK" );; line 64177 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1966 );; line 64181 (wfb::comment national_holiday lesotho "1966" );; line 64181 (wfb::national_holiday lesotho "Independence Day" date_4_oct );; line 64181 (wfb::constitution lesotho "2 April 1993" );; line 64185 (wfb::legal_system lesotho "based on English common law and Roman-Dutch law; judicial review of legislative acts in High Court and Court of Appeal; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 64189 (wfb::comment suffrage lesotho " universal" );; line 64195 (wfb::suffrage lesotho (* 21 years_of_age) );; line 64195 (wfb::executive_branch lesotho chief_of_state "King MOSHOESHOE II " date_feb_1995 );; line 64200 (wfb::executive_branch lesotho head_of_government "Prime Minister Ntsu MOKHEHLE " date_2_apr_1993 );; line 64202 (wfb::executive_branch lesotho cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 64204 (wfb::judicial_branch lesotho "High Court, Court of Appeal, Magistrate's Court, customary or traditional court" );; line 64216 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders lesotho "Basotho National Party (BNP), Evaristus SEKHONYANA; Basotho Congress Party (BCP), Ntsu MOKHEHLE; National Independent Party (NIP), A. C. MANYELI; Marematlou Freedom Party (MFP), Vincent MALEBO; United Democratic Party, Charles MOFELI; Communist Party of Lesotho (CPL), Jacob M. KENA" );; line 64221 (wfb::member_of lesotho acp );; line 64228 (wfb::member_of lesotho afdb );; line 64228 (wfb::member_of lesotho c );; line 64228 (wfb::member_of lesotho ccc );; line 64228 (wfb::member_of lesotho eca );; line 64228 (wfb::member_of lesotho fao );; line 64228 (wfb::member_of lesotho g-77 );; line 64228 (wfb::member_of lesotho gatt );; line 64228 (wfb::member_of lesotho ibrd );; line 64228 (wfb::member_of lesotho icao );; line 64228 (wfb::member_of lesotho icftu );; line 64228 (wfb::member_of lesotho icrm );; line 64228 (wfb::member_of lesotho ida );; line 64228 (wfb::member_of lesotho ifad );; line 64228 (wfb::member_of lesotho ifc );; line 64228 (wfb::member_of lesotho ifrcs );; line 64228 (wfb::member_of lesotho ilo );; line 64228 (wfb::member_of lesotho imf );; line 64228 (wfb::member_of lesotho intelsat );; line 64228 (wfb::comment member_of lesotho intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 64228 (wfb::member_of lesotho interpol );; line 64228 (wfb::member_of lesotho ioc );; line 64228 (wfb::member_of lesotho itu );; line 64228 (wfb::member_of lesotho nam );; line 64228 (wfb::member_of lesotho oau );; line 64228 (wfb::member_of lesotho sacu );; line 64228 (wfb::member_of lesotho sadc );; line 64228 (wfb::member_of lesotho un );; line 64228 (wfb::member_of lesotho unctad );; line 64228 (wfb::member_of lesotho unesco );; line 64228 (wfb::member_of lesotho unhcr );; line 64228 (wfb::member_of lesotho unido );; line 64228 (wfb::member_of lesotho upu );; line 64228 (wfb::member_of lesotho wcl );; line 64228 (wfb::member_of lesotho wftu );; line 64228 (wfb::member_of lesotho who );; line 64228 (wfb::member_of lesotho wipo );; line 64228 (wfb::member_of lesotho wmo );; line 64228 (wfb::member_of lesotho wto );; line 64228 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us lesotho chief_of_mission "(vacant); Charge d'Affaires ad interim Mokhali A. LITHEBE (since 2 July 1994)" );; line 64236 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us lesotho chancery "2511 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 64239 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us lesotho telephone "[1] (202) 797-5533 through 5536" );; line 64241 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us lesotho fax "[1] (202) 234-6815" );; line 64243 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation lesotho chief_of_mission "Ambassador Myrick BISMARCK" );; line 64248 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation lesotho embassy "address NA, Maseru" );; line 64250 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation lesotho mailing_address "P. O. Box 333, Maseru 100, Lesotho" );; line 64252 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation lesotho telephone "[266] 312666" );; line 64254 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation lesotho fax "[266] 310116" );; line 64256 (wfb::flag lesotho "divided diagonally from the lower hoist side corner; the upper half is white bearing the brown silhouette of a large shield with crossed spear and club; the lower half is a diagonal blue band with a green triangle in the corner" );; line 64260 (wfb::overview lesotho "Small, landlocked, and mountainous, Lesotho has no important natural resources other than water. Its economy is based on agriculture, light manufacturing, and remittances from laborers employed in South Africa (these remittances supplement domestic income by as much as 45%). The great majority of households gain their livelihoods from subsistence farming and migrant labor; a large portion of the adult male work force is employed in South African mines. Manufacturing depends largely on farm products to support the milling, canning, leather, and jute industries; other industries include textile, clothing, and construction. Although drought has decreased agricultural activity over the past few years, improvement of a major hydropower facility will permit the sale of water to South Africa and allow Lesotho's economy to continue its moderate growth." );; line 64268 (wfb::estimation-date national_product lesotho date_1994 );; line 64283 (wfb::national_product lesotho (* 2.6e9 $) );; line 64283 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate lesotho date_1994 );; line 64287 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate lesotho (* 6 %) );; line 64287 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita lesotho date_1994 );; line 64291 (wfb::national_product_per_capita lesotho (* 1340 $) );; line 64291 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| lesotho "13.9% (1993)" );; line 64295 (wfb::budget lesotho revenues (* 438e6 $) );; line 64304 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year budget lesotho 93 );; line 64306 (wfb::budget lesotho expenditures (* 430e6 $) );; line 64306 (wfb::budget lesotho capital_expenditures (* 155e6 $) );; line 64306 (wfb::exports lesotho (* 109e6 $) );; line 64311 (wfb::exports lesotho commodities wool n/a );; line 64313 (wfb::exports lesotho commodities mohair n/a );; line 64313 (wfb::exports lesotho commodities wheat n/a );; line 64313 (wfb::exports lesotho commodities cattle n/a );; line 64313 (wfb::exports lesotho commodities peas n/a );; line 64313 (wfb::exports lesotho commodities beans n/a );; line 64313 (wfb::exports lesotho commodities corn n/a );; line 64313 (wfb::exports lesotho commodities hides n/a );; line 64313 (wfb::exports lesotho commodities skins n/a );; line 64313 (wfb::exports lesotho commodities baskets n/a );; line 64313 (wfb::measurement-date exports lesotho date_1991 );; line 64316 (wfb::exports lesotho partners south_africa (* 42 %) );; line 64316 (wfb::exports lesotho partners ec (* 28 %) );; line 64316 (wfb::exports lesotho partners north_and_south_america (* 25 %) );; line 64316 (wfb::imports lesotho (* 964e6 $) );; line 64320 (wfb::imports lesotho commodities mainly_corn n/a );; line 64322 (wfb::imports lesotho commodities building_materials n/a );; line 64322 (wfb::imports lesotho commodities clothing-commodity n/a );; line 64322 (wfb::imports lesotho commodities vehicles n/a );; line 64322 (wfb::imports lesotho commodities machinery n/a );; line 64322 (wfb::imports lesotho commodities medicines n/a );; line 64322 (wfb::imports lesotho commodities petroleum-commodity n/a );; line 64322 (wfb::measurement-date imports lesotho date_1991 );; line 64325 (wfb::imports lesotho partners south_africa (* 94 %) );; line 64325 (wfb::imports lesotho partners asia (* 3 %) );; line 64325 (wfb::imports lesotho partners ec (* 1 %) );; line 64325 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt lesotho date_1993 );; line 64329 (wfb::external_debt lesotho (* 512e6 $) );; line 64329 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 64333 (wfb::industrial_production lesotho growth_rate (* 10 %) );; line 64333 (wfb::industrial_production lesotho accounts_for (* 17 %_of_gdp) );; line 64333 (wfb::industry lesotho food-industry );; line 64341 (wfb::industry lesotho beverages-industry );; line 64341 (wfb::industry lesotho textiles );; line 64341 (wfb::industry lesotho handicrafts );; line 64341 (wfb::industry lesotho tourism );; line 64341 (wfb::agriculture lesotho "accounts for 50% of GDP (1993 est.); exceedingly primitive, mostly subsistence farming and livestock; principal crops corn, wheat, pulses, sorghum, barley" );; line 64345 (wfb::economic_aid lesotho recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $268 million; US (1992), $10.3 million; US (1993 est.), $10.1 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $819 million; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $4 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $14 million" );; line 64352 (wfb::abbreviation loti "L" );; line 64359 (wfb::currency lesotho loti 100 lisente );; line 64359 (wfb::exchange_rates lesotho "maloti (M) per US$1 - 3.5389 (January 1995), 3.5490 (1994), 3.2636 (1993), 2.8497 (1992), 2.7563 (1991), 2.5863 (1990); note - the Basotho loti is at par with the South African rand" );; line 64363 (wfb::fiscal_year lesotho date_1_apr date_31_mar );; line 64369 (wfb::railroads lesotho total "2.6 km; note - owned by, operated by, and included in the statistics of South Africa" );; line 64375 (wfb::railroads lesotho narrow_gauge "2.6 km 1.067-m gauge" );; line 64378 (wfb::highways lesotho total (* 7215 km) );; line 64383 (wfb::highways lesotho paved (* 572 km) );; line 64385 (wfb::measurement-date highways lesotho date_1988 );; line 64387 (wfb::highways lesotho (union gravel stabilized_earth ) (* 2337 km) );; line 64387 (wfb::highways lesotho improved_earth (* 1806 km) );; line 64387 (wfb::highways lesotho unimproved_earth (* 2500 km) );; line 64387 (wfb::airports lesotho total 29 );; line 64397 (wfb::airports lesotho |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 64399 (wfb::airports lesotho |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 64401 (wfb::airports lesotho with_paved_runways_under_914_m 23 );; line 64403 (wfb::airports lesotho |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 4 );; line 64405 (wfb::telephone_system lesotho "5,920 telephones; rudimentary system" );; line 64410 (wfb::telephone_system lesotho local "NA" );; line 64412 (wfb::telephone_system lesotho intercity "consists of a few land lines, a small microwave radio relay system, and a minor radio communication system" );; line 64414 (wfb::telephone_system lesotho international "1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station" );; line 64417 (wfb::radio lesotho broadcast_stations am 3 );; line 64422 (wfb::radio lesotho broadcast_stations fm 4 );; line 64422 (wfb::radio lesotho broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 64422 (wfb::radio lesotho radios n/a );; line 64424 (wfb::television lesotho broadcast_stations 1 );; line 64429 (wfb::television lesotho televisions n/a );; line 64431 (wfb::comment defense_branch lesotho lesotho_defense_force_lesotho "LDF; includes Army and Air Wing" );; line 64437 (wfb::defense_branch lesotho lesotho_defense_force_lesotho );; line 64437 (wfb::defense_branch lesotho lesotho_mounted_police_lesotho );; line 64437 (wfb::manpower_availability lesotho "males age 15-49 453,844; males fit for military service 244,767 (1995 est.)" );; line 64442 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures lesotho date_1994 );; line 64447 (wfb::defense_expenditures lesotho (* 25e6 $) );; line 64447 (wfb::defense_expenditures lesotho (* n/a %_of_gdp) );; line 64447 (wfb::markup-parameter figure liberia "graphno=\"li.tif\"" );; line 64453 (wfb::location liberia "Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Cote d'Ivoire and Sierra Leone" );; line 64457 (wfb::map_references liberia "Africa" );; line 64462 (wfb::area liberia total_area (* 111370 sq_km) );; line 64467 (wfb::area liberia land_area (* 96320 sq_km) );; line 64469 (wfb::area liberia comparative_area "slightly larger than Tennessee" );; line 64471 (wfb::borders liberia total (* 1585 km) );; line 64475 (wfb::borders liberia guinea (* 563 km) );; line 64475 (wfb::borders liberia |Cote d'Ivoire| (* 716 km) );; line 64475 (wfb::borders liberia sierra_leone (* 306 km) );; line 64475 (wfb::coastline liberia (* 579 km) );; line 64480 (wfb::maritime_claims liberia territorial_sea (* 200 nm) );; line 64485 (wfb::international_disputes liberia "none" );; line 64489 (wfb::climate liberia "tropical" );; line 64493 (wfb::climate liberia "hot, humid" );; line 64493 (wfb::climate liberia "dry winters with hot days and cool to cold nights" );; line 64493 (wfb::climate liberia "wet, cloudy summers with frequent heavy showers" );; line 64493 (wfb::terrain liberia "mostly flat to rolling coastal plains rising to rolling plateau and low mountains in northeast" );; line 64498 (wfb::natural-resource liberia iron_ore );; line 64503 (wfb::natural-resource liberia timber );; line 64503 (wfb::natural-resource liberia diamonds );; line 64503 (wfb::natural-resource liberia gold );; line 64503 (wfb::land_use liberia arable_land (* 1 %) );; line 64508 (wfb::land_use liberia permanent_crops (* 3 %) );; line 64510 (wfb::land_use liberia meadows_and_pastures (* 2 %) );; line 64512 (wfb::land_use liberia forest_and_woodland (* 39 %) );; line 64514 (wfb::land_use liberia other (* 55 %) );; line 64516 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land liberia date_1989 );; line 64520 (wfb::irrigated_land liberia (* 20 sq_km) );; line 64520 (wfb::environment liberia current_issues "tropical rain forest subject to deforestation" );; line 64525 (wfb::environment liberia current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 64525 (wfb::environment liberia current_issues "loss of biodiversity" );; line 64525 (wfb::environment liberia current_issues "pollution of rivers from the dumping of iron ore tailings and of coastal waters from oil residue and raw sewage" );; line 64525 (wfb::environment liberia natural_hazards "dust-laden harmattan winds blow from the Sahara (December to March)" );; line 64529 (wfb::environment liberia international_agreements "party to - Endangered Species, Nuclear Test Ban, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94" );; line 64532 (wfb::environment liberia international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation" );; line 64532 (wfb::estimation-date population liberia date_jul_1995 );; line 64541 (wfb::population liberia 3073245 );; line 64541 (wfb::age_structure liberia 0-14_years (* 44 %) );; line 64546 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex liberia 0-14_years female 674155 );; line 64546 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex liberia 0-14_years male 680952 );; line 64546 (wfb::age_structure liberia 15-64_years (* 52 %) );; line 64548 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex liberia 15-64_years female 768147 );; line 64548 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex liberia 15-64_years male 844326 );; line 64548 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure liberia 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 64550 (wfb::age_structure liberia 65_years_and_over (* 4 %) );; line 64550 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex liberia 65_years_and_over female 55575 );; line 64550 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex liberia 65_years_and_over male 50090 );; line 64550 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate liberia date_1995 );; line 64554 (wfb::population_growth_rate liberia (* 3.32 %) );; line 64554 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate liberia date_1995 );; line 64558 (wfb::birth_rate liberia (* 43.08 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 64558 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate liberia date_1995 );; line 64562 (wfb::death_rate liberia (* 12.05 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 64562 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate liberia date_1995 );; line 64566 (wfb::net_migration_rate liberia (* n/a |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 64566 (wfb::comment net_migration_rate liberia "if the Ghanaian-led peace negotiations, under way in 1995, are successful, many Liberian refugees may return from exile" );; line 64568 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate liberia date_1995 );; line 64573 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate liberia (* 110.6 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 64573 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth liberia total_population (* 58.17 years) );; line 64578 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth liberia male (* 55.67 years) );; line 64580 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth liberia female date_1995 );; line 64582 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth liberia female (* 60.75 years) );; line 64582 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate liberia date_1995 );; line 64586 (wfb::total_fertility_rate liberia (* 6.3 children_born/woman) );; line 64586 (wfb::nationality liberia noun "Liberian(s)" );; line 64591 (wfb::nationality liberia adjective "Liberian" );; line 64593 (wfb::comment ethnic_divisions liberia "descendants of former slaves" );; line 64597 (wfb::comment ethnic-entity "including Kpelle, Bassa, Gio, Kru, Grebo, Mano, Krahn, Gola, Gbandi, Loma, Kissi, Vai, and Bella" );; line 64597 (wfb::ethnic-entity liberia indigenous_african_tribes (* 95 %) );; line 64597 (wfb::ethnic-entity liberia americo-liberians (* 5 %) );; line 64597 (wfb::religion liberia traditional (* 70 %) );; line 64603 (wfb::religion liberia muslim (* 20 %) );; line 64603 (wfb::religion liberia christian (* 10 %) );; line 64603 (wfb::language liberia english (* 20 %) );; line 64607 (wfb::comment language liberia english "official" );; line 64607 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition liberia date_1990 );; line 64612 (wfb::literacy-condition liberia "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 64612 (wfb::literacy liberia total_population (* 40 %) );; line 64614 (wfb::literacy liberia male (* 50 %) );; line 64616 (wfb::literacy liberia female (* 29 %) );; line 64618 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation liberia agriculture (* 70.5 %) );; line 64624 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation liberia services (* 10.8 %) );; line 64624 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation liberia industry_and_commerce (* 4.5 %) );; line 64624 (wfb::comment labor_force liberia "non-African foreigners hold about 95% of the top-level management and engineering jobs" );; line 64627 (wfb::names liberia conventional_long_form "Republic of Liberia" );; line 64634 (wfb::names liberia conventional_short_form "Liberia" );; line 64636 (wfb::digraph liberia "LI" );; line 64640 (wfb::type liberia "republic" );; line 64644 (wfb::capital liberia monrovia-liberia );; line 64648 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_liberia_counties "counties" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 64652 (wfb::administrative_divisions liberia adm_div_liberia_counties 13 );; line 64652 (wfb::administrative_division_of liberia adm_div_liberia_counties "Bomi" );; line 64652 (wfb::administrative_division_of liberia adm_div_liberia_counties "Bong" );; line 64652 (wfb::administrative_division_of liberia adm_div_liberia_counties "Grand Bassa" );; line 64652 (wfb::administrative_division_of liberia adm_div_liberia_counties "Grand Cape Mount" );; line 64652 (wfb::administrative_division_of liberia adm_div_liberia_counties "Grand Gedeh" );; line 64652 (wfb::administrative_division_of liberia adm_div_liberia_counties "Grand Kru" );; line 64652 (wfb::administrative_division_of liberia adm_div_liberia_counties "Lofa" );; line 64652 (wfb::administrative_division_of liberia adm_div_liberia_counties "Margibi" );; line 64652 (wfb::administrative_division_of liberia adm_div_liberia_counties "Maryland" );; line 64652 (wfb::administrative_division_of liberia adm_div_liberia_counties "Montserrado" );; line 64652 (wfb::administrative_division_of liberia adm_div_liberia_counties "Nimba" );; line 64652 (wfb::administrative_division_of liberia adm_div_liberia_counties "River Cess" );; line 64652 (wfb::administrative_division_of liberia adm_div_liberia_counties "Sinoe" );; line 64652 (wfb::independence liberia date_26_jul_1847 "n/a" );; line 64658 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1847 );; line 64662 (wfb::comment national_holiday liberia "1847" );; line 64662 (wfb::national_holiday liberia "Independence Day" date_26_jul );; line 64662 (wfb::constitution liberia "6 January 1986" );; line 64666 (wfb::legal_system liberia "dual system of statutory law based on Anglo-American common law for the modern sector and customary law based on unwritten tribal practices for indigenous sector" );; line 64670 (wfb::comment suffrage liberia " universal" );; line 64676 (wfb::suffrage liberia (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 64676 (wfb::comment executive_branch liberia chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "election last held on 15 October 1985" );; line 64681 (wfb::comment executive_branch liberia chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "results - Gen. Dr. Samuel Kanyon DOE (NDPL) 50.9%, Jackson DOE (LAP) 26.4%, other 22.7%" );; line 64681 (wfb::executive_branch liberia chief_of_state "Chairman of the Council of State David KPOMAKPOR " date_mar_1994 );; line 64681 (wfb::executive_branch liberia head_of_government "Chairman of the Council of State David KPOMAKPOR " date_mar_1994 );; line 64681 (wfb::comment executive_branch liberia "constitutional government ended in September 1990 when President Samuel Kanyon DOE was killed by rebel forces; civil war ensued and in July 1993 the Cotonou Peace Treaty was negotiated by the major warring factions under UN auspices; a transitional coalition government under David KROMAKPOR was formed in March 1994 but has been largely ineffective and unable to implement the provisions of the peace treaty; Ghanaian-led negotiations are now underway to seat a new interim government that would oversee elections proposed for late 1995" );; line 64685 (wfb::comment executive_branch liberia cabinet "selected by the leaders of the major factions in the civil war" );; line 64694 (wfb::executive_branch liberia cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 64694 (wfb::comment legislative_branch liberia "the former bicameral legislature no longer exists and there is no assurance that it will be reconstituted very soon" );; line 64702 (wfb::judicial_branch liberia "Supreme Court" );; line 64707 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders liberia "National Democratic Party of Liberia (NDPL), Augustus CAINE, chairman; Liberian Action Party (LAP), Emmanuel KOROMAH, chairman; Unity Party (UP), Joseph KOFA, chairman; United People's Party (UPP), Gabriel Baccus MATTHEWS, chairman; National Patriotic Party (NPP), Charles TAYLOR, chairman; Liberian Peoples Party (LPP), Dusty WOLOKOLLIE, chairman" );; line 64711 (wfb::member_of liberia acp );; line 64719 (wfb::member_of liberia afdb );; line 64719 (wfb::member_of liberia ccc );; line 64719 (wfb::member_of liberia eca );; line 64719 (wfb::member_of liberia ecowas );; line 64719 (wfb::member_of liberia fao );; line 64719 (wfb::member_of liberia g-77 );; line 64719 (wfb::member_of liberia iaea );; line 64719 (wfb::member_of liberia ibrd );; line 64719 (wfb::member_of liberia icao );; line 64719 (wfb::member_of liberia icftu );; line 64719 (wfb::member_of liberia icrm );; line 64719 (wfb::member_of liberia ida );; line 64719 (wfb::member_of liberia ifad );; line 64719 (wfb::member_of liberia ifc );; line 64719 (wfb::member_of liberia ifrcs );; line 64719 (wfb::member_of liberia ilo );; line 64719 (wfb::member_of liberia imf );; line 64719 (wfb::member_of liberia imo );; line 64719 (wfb::member_of liberia inmarsat );; line 64719 (wfb::member_of liberia intelsat );; line 64719 (wfb::comment member_of liberia intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 64719 (wfb::member_of liberia interpol );; line 64719 (wfb::member_of liberia ioc );; line 64719 (wfb::member_of liberia itu );; line 64719 (wfb::member_of liberia nam );; line 64719 (wfb::member_of liberia oau );; line 64719 (wfb::member_of liberia un );; line 64719 (wfb::member_of liberia unctad );; line 64719 (wfb::member_of liberia unesco );; line 64719 (wfb::member_of liberia unido );; line 64719 (wfb::member_of liberia upu );; line 64719 (wfb::member_of liberia wcl );; line 64719 (wfb::member_of liberia wftu );; line 64719 (wfb::member_of liberia who );; line 64719 (wfb::member_of liberia wipo );; line 64719 (wfb::member_of liberia wmo );; line 64719 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us liberia chief_of_mission "(vacant); Charge d'Affaires Konah K. BLACKETT" );; line 64727 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us liberia chancery "5201 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20011" );; line 64729 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us liberia telephone "[1] (202) 723-0437" );; line 64731 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us liberia |consulate(s) general| "New York" );; line 64733 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation liberia chief_of_mission "(vacant); Charge d' Affaires William P. TWADDELL" );; line 64738 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation liberia embassy "111 United Nations Drive, Monrovia" );; line 64740 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation liberia mailing_address "P. O. Box 100098, Mamba Point, Monrovia" );; line 64742 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation liberia telephone "[231] 222991 through 222994" );; line 64744 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation liberia fax "[231] 223710" );; line 64746 (wfb::flag liberia "11 equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white; there is a white five-pointed star on a blue square in the upper hoist-side corner; the design was based on the US flag" );; line 64750 (wfb::overview liberia "Civil war since 1990 has destroyed much of Liberia's economy, especially the infrastructure in and around Monrovia. Businessmen have fled the country, taking capital and expertise with them. Many will not return. Richly endowed with water, mineral resources, forests, and a climate favorable to agriculture, Liberia had been a producer and exporter of basic products, while local manufacturing, mainly foreign owned, had been small in scope. Political instability threatens prospects for economic reconstruction and repatriation of some 750,000 Liberian refugees who have fled to neighboring countries. The political impasse between the interim government and rebel leader Charles TAYLOR has prevented restoration of normal economic life, including the re-establishment of a strong central government with effective economic development programs. The economy deteriorated further in 1994." );; line 64757 (wfb::estimation-date national_product liberia date_1994 );; line 64772 (wfb::national_product liberia (* 2.3e9 $) );; line 64772 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate liberia (* n/a %) );; line 64776 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita liberia date_1994 );; line 64780 (wfb::national_product_per_capita liberia (* 770 $) );; line 64780 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| liberia "NA%" );; line 64784 (wfb::unemployment_rate liberia (* n/a %) );; line 64788 (wfb::budget liberia revenues (* 242.1e6 $) );; line 64793 (wfb::estimation-date budget liberia date_1989 );; line 64795 (wfb::budget liberia expenditures (* 435.4e6 $) );; line 64795 (wfb::budget liberia capital_expenditures (* 29.5e6 $) );; line 64795 (wfb::exports liberia (* 505e6 $) );; line 64800 (wfb::exports liberia commodities iron_ore-commodity (* 61 %) );; line 64802 (wfb::exports liberia commodities rubber (* 20 %) );; line 64802 (wfb::exports liberia commodities timber-commodity (* 11 %) );; line 64802 (wfb::exports liberia commodities coffee n/a );; line 64802 (wfb::exports liberia partners us n/a );; line 64804 (wfb::exports liberia partners ec n/a );; line 64804 (wfb::exports liberia partners netherlands n/a );; line 64804 (wfb::imports liberia (* 394e6 $) );; line 64808 (wfb::imports liberia commodities mineral_fuels n/a );; line 64810 (wfb::imports liberia commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 64810 (wfb::imports liberia commodities machinery n/a );; line 64810 (wfb::imports liberia commodities transportation_equipment n/a );; line 64810 (wfb::imports liberia commodities rice_and_other_foodstuffs n/a );; line 64810 (wfb::imports liberia partners us n/a );; line 64813 (wfb::imports liberia partners ec n/a );; line 64813 (wfb::imports liberia partners japan n/a );; line 64813 (wfb::imports liberia partners china n/a );; line 64813 (wfb::imports liberia partners netherlands n/a );; line 64813 (wfb::imports liberia partners ecowas-region n/a );; line 64813 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt liberia date_sep_1993 );; line 64817 (wfb::external_debt liberia (* 2.1e9 $) );; line 64817 (wfb::electricity liberia capacity (* 330000 kw) );; line 64827 (wfb::electricity liberia production (* 440e6 kwh) );; line 64829 (wfb::measurement-date electricity liberia consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 64831 (wfb::electricity liberia consumption_per_capita (* 143 kwh) );; line 64831 (wfb::industry liberia rubber_processing );; line 64835 (wfb::industry liberia food_processing );; line 64835 (wfb::industry liberia construction_materials-industry );; line 64835 (wfb::industry liberia furniture );; line 64835 (wfb::industry liberia palm_oil_processing );; line 64835 (wfb::industry liberia |mining (iron ore, diamonds)| );; line 64835 (wfb::agriculture liberia "accounts for about 40% of GDP (including fishing and forestry); principal products - rubber, timber, coffee, cocoa, rice, cassava, palm oil, sugarcane, bananas, sheep, goats; not self-sufficient in food, imports 25% of rice consumption" );; line 64840 (wfb::illicit_drugs liberia "increasingly a transshipment point for heroin and cocaine" );; line 64847 (wfb::economic_aid liberia recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $665 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $870 million; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $25 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $77 million" );; line 64852 (wfb::abbreviation liberian_dollar "L$" );; line 64859 (wfb::currency liberia liberian_dollar 100 cents );; line 64859 (wfb::exchange_rates liberia "Liberian dollars (L$) per US$1 - 1.00 (officially fixed rate since 1940); unofficial parallel exchange rate of US$1 - L$7 (January 1992), unofficial rate floats against the US dollar" );; line 64863 (wfb::fiscal_year liberia date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 64869 (wfb::railroads liberia total "490 km (single track); note - three rail systems owned and operated by foreign steel and financial interests in conjunction with Liberian Government; one of these, the Lamco Railroad, closed in 1989 after iron ore production ceased; the other two have been shut down by the civil war" );; line 64875 (wfb::railroads liberia standard_gauge "345 km 1.435-m gauge" );; line 64880 (wfb::railroads liberia narrow_gauge "145 km 1.067-m gauge" );; line 64882 (wfb::highways liberia total (* 10087 km) );; line 64887 (wfb::highways liberia paved (* 603 km) );; line 64889 (wfb::comment highways liberia "includes 2,323 km of private roads of rubber and timber firms, open to the public" );; line 64891 (wfb::highways liberia gravel (* 5171 km) );; line 64891 (wfb::highways liberia earth (* 4313 km) );; line 64891 (wfb::port liberia buchanan-liberia );; line 64896 (wfb::port liberia greenville-liberia );; line 64896 (wfb::port liberia harper-liberia );; line 64896 (wfb::port liberia monrovia-liberia );; line 64896 (wfb::merchant_marine liberia total "1,549 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 56,709,634 GRT/97,038,680 DWT" );; line 64901 (wfb::merchant_marine liberia ships_by_type "barge carrier 3, bulk 392, cargo 121, chemical tanker 114, combination bulk 33, combination ore/oil 57, container 124, liquefied gas tanker 75, oil tanker 459, passenger 32, passenger-cargo 1, refrigerated cargo 58, roll-on/roll-off cargo 18, short-sea passenger 1, specialized tanker 7, vehicle carrier 54" );; line 64904 (wfb::comment merchant_marine liberia "a flag of convenience registry; includes 53 countries; the 10 major fleet flags are: United States 232 ships, Japan 190, Norway 166, Greece 125, Germany 125, United Kingdom 102, Hong Kong 95, China 45, Russia 41, and the Netherlands 34" );; line 64910 (wfb::airports liberia total 59 );; line 64918 (wfb::airports liberia |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 64920 (wfb::airports liberia |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 1 );; line 64922 (wfb::airports liberia with_paved_runways_under_914_m 43 );; line 64924 (wfb::airports liberia |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 3 );; line 64926 (wfb::airports liberia |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 11 );; line 64928 (wfb::telephone_system liberia "NA telephones; telephone and telegraph service via radio relay network; main center is Monrovia; most telecommunications services inoperable due to insurgency movement" );; line 64933 (wfb::telephone_system liberia local "NA" );; line 64937 (wfb::telephone_system liberia intercity "NA" );; line 64939 (wfb::telephone_system liberia international "1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station" );; line 64941 (wfb::radio liberia broadcast_stations am 3 );; line 64946 (wfb::radio liberia broadcast_stations fm 4 );; line 64946 (wfb::radio liberia broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 64946 (wfb::radio liberia radios n/a );; line 64948 (wfb::television liberia broadcast_stations 5 );; line 64953 (wfb::television liberia televisions n/a );; line 64955 (wfb::manpower_availability liberia "males age 15-49 732,063; males fit for military service 390,849 (1995 est.)" );; line 64966 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures liberia date_1994 );; line 64971 (wfb::defense_expenditures liberia (* 30e6 $) );; line 64971 (wfb::defense_expenditures liberia (* 2 %_of_gdp) );; line 64971 (wfb::markup-parameter figure libya "graphno=\"ly.tif\"" );; line 64977 (wfb::location libya "Northern Africa, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Egypt and Tunisia" );; line 64981 (wfb::map_references libya "Africa" );; line 64986 (wfb::area libya total_area (* 1759540 sq_km) );; line 64991 (wfb::area libya land_area (* 1759540 sq_km) );; line 64993 (wfb::area libya comparative_area "slightly larger than Alaska" );; line 64995 (wfb::borders libya total (* 4383 km) );; line 64999 (wfb::borders libya algeria (* 982 km) );; line 64999 (wfb::borders libya chad (* 1055 km) );; line 64999 (wfb::borders libya egypt (* 1150 km) );; line 64999 (wfb::borders libya niger (* 354 km) );; line 64999 (wfb::borders libya sudan (* 383 km) );; line 64999 (wfb::borders libya tunisia (* 459 km) );; line 64999 (wfb::coastline libya (* 1770 km) );; line 65004 (wfb::maritime_claims libya territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 65009 (wfb::international_disputes libya "the International Court of Justice (ICJ) ruled in February 1994 that the 100,000 sq km Aozou Strip between Chad and Libya belongs to Chad, and that Libya must withdraw from it by 31 May 1994" );; line 65015 (wfb::international_disputes libya "Libya has withdrawn some its forces in response to the ICJ ruling, but still maintains an airfield in the disputed area" );; line 65015 (wfb::international_disputes libya "maritime boundary dispute with Tunisia" );; line 65015 (wfb::international_disputes libya "claims part of northern Niger and part of southeastern Algeria" );; line 65015 (wfb::climate libya "Mediterranean along coast" );; line 65024 (wfb::climate libya "dry, extreme desert interior" );; line 65024 (wfb::terrain libya "mostly barren, flat to undulating plains, plateaus, depressions" );; line 65028 (wfb::natural-resource libya petroleum );; line 65032 (wfb::natural-resource libya natural_gas );; line 65032 (wfb::natural-resource libya gypsum );; line 65032 (wfb::land_use libya arable_land (* 2 %) );; line 65037 (wfb::land_use libya permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 65039 (wfb::land_use libya meadows_and_pastures (* 8 %) );; line 65041 (wfb::land_use libya forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 65043 (wfb::land_use libya other (* 90 %) );; line 65045 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land libya date_1989 );; line 65049 (wfb::irrigated_land libya (* 2420 sq_km) );; line 65049 (wfb::environment libya current_issues "desertification" );; line 65054 (wfb::environment libya current_issues "very limited natural fresh water resources" );; line 65054 (wfb::environment libya current_issues "the Great Manmade River Project, the largest water development scheme in the world, is being built to bring water from large aquifers under the Sahara to coastal cities" );; line 65054 (wfb::environment libya natural_hazards "hot, dry, dust-laden ghibli is a southern wind lasting one to four days in spring and fall" );; line 65059 (wfb::environment libya natural_hazards "duststorms, sandstorms" );; line 65059 (wfb::environment libya international_agreements "party to - Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection" );; line 65062 (wfb::environment libya international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Law of the Sea" );; line 65062 (wfb::estimation-date population libya date_jul_1995 );; line 65070 (wfb::population libya 5248401 );; line 65070 (wfb::age_structure libya 0-14_years (* 48 %) );; line 65075 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex libya 0-14_years female 1226851 );; line 65075 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex libya 0-14_years male 1269813 );; line 65075 (wfb::age_structure libya 15-64_years (* 49 %) );; line 65077 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex libya 15-64_years female 1261424 );; line 65077 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex libya 15-64_years male 1331093 );; line 65077 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure libya 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 65079 (wfb::age_structure libya 65_years_and_over (* 3 %) );; line 65079 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex libya 65_years_and_over female 76017 );; line 65079 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex libya 65_years_and_over male 83203 );; line 65079 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate libya date_1995 );; line 65083 (wfb::population_growth_rate libya (* 3.7 %) );; line 65083 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate libya date_1995 );; line 65087 (wfb::birth_rate libya (* 44.89 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 65087 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate libya date_1995 );; line 65091 (wfb::death_rate libya (* 7.91 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 65091 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate libya date_1995 );; line 65095 (wfb::net_migration_rate libya (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 65095 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate libya date_1995 );; line 65099 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate libya (* 61.4 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 65099 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth libya total_population (* 64.29 years) );; line 65104 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth libya male (* 62.12 years) );; line 65106 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth libya female date_1995 );; line 65108 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth libya female (* 66.57 years) );; line 65108 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate libya date_1995 );; line 65112 (wfb::total_fertility_rate libya (* 6.32 children_born/woman) );; line 65112 (wfb::nationality libya noun "Libyan(s)" );; line 65117 (wfb::nationality libya adjective "Libyan" );; line 65119 (wfb::ethnic-entity libya berber_and_arab (* 97 %) );; line 65123 (wfb::ethnic-entity libya greeks n/a );; line 65123 (wfb::ethnic-entity libya maltese n/a );; line 65123 (wfb::ethnic-entity libya italians n/a );; line 65123 (wfb::ethnic-entity libya egyptians n/a );; line 65123 (wfb::ethnic-entity libya pakistanis n/a );; line 65123 (wfb::ethnic-entity libya turks n/a );; line 65123 (wfb::ethnic-entity libya indians n/a );; line 65123 (wfb::ethnic-entity libya tunisians n/a );; line 65123 (wfb::religion libya sunni_muslim (* 97 %) );; line 65128 (wfb::language libya arabic n/a );; line 65132 (wfb::language libya italian n/a );; line 65132 (wfb::language libya english n/a );; line 65132 (wfb::language libya all_are_widely_understood_in_the_major_cities n/a );; line 65132 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition libya date_1984 );; line 65137 (wfb::literacy-condition libya "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 65137 (wfb::literacy libya total_population (* 60 %) );; line 65139 (wfb::literacy libya male (* 77 %) );; line 65141 (wfb::literacy libya female (* 42 %) );; line 65143 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation libya industry (* 31 %) );; line 65149 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation libya services (* 27 %) );; line 65149 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation libya government (* 24 %) );; line 65149 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation libya agriculture (* 18 %) );; line 65149 (wfb::names libya conventional_long_form "Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya" );; line 65155 (wfb::names libya conventional_short_form "Libya" );; line 65157 (wfb::names libya local_long_form "Al Jumahiriyah al Arabiyah al Libiyah ash Shabiyah al Ishirakiyah" );; line 65159 (wfb::digraph libya "LY" );; line 65166 (wfb::type libya "Jamahiriya (a state of the masses) in theory, governed by the populace through local councils; in fact, a military dictatorship" );; line 65170 (wfb::capital libya tripoli-libya );; line 65175 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_libya_municipalities "municipalities" "baladiyah" "baladiyat" );; line 65179 (wfb::administrative_divisions libya adm_div_libya_municipalities 25 );; line 65179 (wfb::administrative_division_of libya adm_div_libya_municipalities "Ajdabiya" );; line 65179 (wfb::administrative_division_of libya adm_div_libya_municipalities "Al 'Aziziyah" );; line 65179 (wfb::administrative_division_of libya adm_div_libya_municipalities "Al Fatih" );; line 65179 (wfb::administrative_division_of libya adm_div_libya_municipalities "Al Jabal al Akhdar" );; line 65179 (wfb::administrative_division_of libya adm_div_libya_municipalities "Al Jufrah" );; line 65179 (wfb::administrative_division_of libya adm_div_libya_municipalities "Al Khums" );; line 65179 (wfb::administrative_division_of libya adm_div_libya_municipalities "Al Kufrah" );; line 65179 (wfb::administrative_division_of libya adm_div_libya_municipalities "An Nuqat al Khams" );; line 65179 (wfb::administrative_division_of libya adm_div_libya_municipalities "Ash Shati'" );; line 65179 (wfb::administrative_division_of libya adm_div_libya_municipalities "Awbari" );; line 65179 (wfb::administrative_division_of libya adm_div_libya_municipalities "Az Zawiyah" );; line 65179 (wfb::administrative_division_of libya adm_div_libya_municipalities "Banghazi" );; line 65179 (wfb::administrative_division_of libya adm_div_libya_municipalities "Darnah" );; line 65179 (wfb::administrative_division_of libya adm_div_libya_municipalities "Ghadamis" );; line 65179 (wfb::administrative_division_of libya adm_div_libya_municipalities "Gharyan" );; line 65179 (wfb::administrative_division_of libya adm_div_libya_municipalities "Misratah" );; line 65179 (wfb::administrative_division_of libya adm_div_libya_municipalities "Murzuq" );; line 65179 (wfb::administrative_division_of libya adm_div_libya_municipalities "Sabha" );; line 65179 (wfb::administrative_division_of libya adm_div_libya_municipalities "Sawfajjin" );; line 65179 (wfb::administrative_division_of libya adm_div_libya_municipalities "Surt" );; line 65179 (wfb::administrative_division_of libya adm_div_libya_municipalities "Tarabulus" );; line 65179 (wfb::administrative_division_of libya adm_div_libya_municipalities "Tarhunah" );; line 65179 (wfb::administrative_division_of libya adm_div_libya_municipalities "Tubruq" );; line 65179 (wfb::administrative_division_of libya adm_div_libya_municipalities "Yafran" );; line 65179 (wfb::administrative_division_of libya adm_div_libya_municipalities "Zlitan" );; line 65179 (wfb::independence libya date_24_dec_1951 "Italy" );; line 65187 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1969 );; line 65191 (wfb::comment national_holiday libya "1969" );; line 65191 (wfb::national_holiday libya "Revolution Day" date_1_sep );; line 65191 (wfb::constitution libya "11 December 1969, amended 2 March 1977" );; line 65195 (wfb::legal_system libya "based on Italian civil law system and Islamic law; separate religious courts; no constitutional provision for judicial review of legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 65199 (wfb::comment suffrage libya " universal and compulsory" );; line 65205 (wfb::suffrage libya (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 65205 (wfb::executive_branch libya chief_of_state "Revolutionary Leader Col. Mu'ammar Abu Minyar al-QADHAFI " date_1_sep_1969 );; line 65210 (wfb::executive_branch libya head_of_government "Chairman of the General People's Committee (Premier) Abd al Majid al-Qa'ud " date_29_jan_1994 );; line 65213 (wfb::comment executive_branch libya cabinet "established by the General People's Congress" );; line 65216 (wfb::executive_branch libya cabinet "General People's Committee" );; line 65216 (wfb::comment executive_branch libya "national elections are indirect through a hierarchy of peoples' committees" );; line 65219 (wfb::legislative_structure libya unicameral n/a );; line 65224 (wfb::legislative_branch libya "General People's Congress" "national elections are indirect through a hierarchy of peoples' committees" );; line 65226 (wfb::judicial_branch libya "Supreme Court" );; line 65231 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders libya "none" );; line 65235 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups libya "various Arab nationalist movements with almost negligible memberships may be functioning clandestinely, as well as some Islamic elements" );; line 65239 (wfb::member_of libya abeda );; line 65244 (wfb::member_of libya afdb );; line 65244 (wfb::member_of libya afesd );; line 65244 (wfb::member_of libya al );; line 65244 (wfb::member_of libya amf );; line 65244 (wfb::member_of libya amu );; line 65244 (wfb::member_of libya caeu );; line 65244 (wfb::member_of libya ccc );; line 65244 (wfb::member_of libya eca );; line 65244 (wfb::member_of libya fao );; line 65244 (wfb::member_of libya g-77 );; line 65244 (wfb::member_of libya iaea );; line 65244 (wfb::member_of libya ibrd );; line 65244 (wfb::member_of libya icao );; line 65244 (wfb::member_of libya icrm );; line 65244 (wfb::member_of libya ida );; line 65244 (wfb::member_of libya idb );; line 65244 (wfb::member_of libya ifad );; line 65244 (wfb::member_of libya ifc );; line 65244 (wfb::member_of libya ifrcs );; line 65244 (wfb::member_of libya ilo );; line 65244 (wfb::member_of libya imf );; line 65244 (wfb::member_of libya imo );; line 65244 (wfb::member_of libya intelsat );; line 65244 (wfb::member_of libya interpol );; line 65244 (wfb::member_of libya ioc );; line 65244 (wfb::member_of libya iso );; line 65244 (wfb::member_of libya itu );; line 65244 (wfb::member_of libya nam );; line 65244 (wfb::member_of libya oapec );; line 65244 (wfb::member_of libya oau );; line 65244 (wfb::member_of libya oic );; line 65244 (wfb::member_of libya opec );; line 65244 (wfb::member_of libya un );; line 65244 (wfb::member_of libya unctad );; line 65244 (wfb::member_of libya unesco );; line 65244 (wfb::member_of libya unido );; line 65244 (wfb::member_of libya unitar );; line 65244 (wfb::member_of libya upu );; line 65244 (wfb::member_of libya wftu );; line 65244 (wfb::member_of libya who );; line 65244 (wfb::member_of libya wipo );; line 65244 (wfb::member_of libya wmo );; line 65244 (wfb::member_of libya wto );; line 65244 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us libya "none" );; line 65251 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation libya "none" );; line 65255 (wfb::flag libya "plain green; green is the traditional color of Islam (the state religion)" );; line 65259 (wfb::overview libya "The socialist-oriented economy depends primarily upon revenues from the oil sector, which contributes practically all export earnings and about one-third of GDP. In 1990 per capita GDP was the highest in Africa at $5,410, but GDP growth rates have slowed and fluctuated sharply in response to changes in the world oil market. Import restrictions and inefficient resource allocations have led to periodic shortages of basic goods and foodstuffs. Windfall revenues from the hike in world oil prices in late 1990 improved the foreign payments position and resulted in a current account surplus through 1992. The nonoil manufacturing and construction sectors, which account for about 20% of GDP, have expanded from processing mostly agricultural products to include petrochemicals, iron, steel, and aluminum. Although agriculture accounts for only 5% of GDP, it employs 18% of the labor force. Climatic conditions and poor soils severely limit farm output, and Libya imports about 75% of its food requirements. The UN sanctions imposed in April 1992 have not yet had a major impact on the economy because Libya's oil revenues generate sufficient foreign exchange which sustains imports of food, consumer goods, and equipment for the oil industry and ongoing development projects." );; line 65265 (wfb::estimation-date national_product libya date_1994 );; line 65285 (wfb::national_product libya (* 32.9e9 $) );; line 65285 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate libya date_1994 );; line 65289 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate libya (* -0.9 %) );; line 65289 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita libya date_1994 );; line 65293 (wfb::national_product_per_capita libya (* 6510 $) );; line 65293 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| libya "25% (1993 est.)" );; line 65297 (wfb::unemployment_rate libya (* n/a %) );; line 65301 (wfb::budget libya revenues (* 8.1e9 $) );; line 65306 (wfb::estimation-date budget libya date_1989 );; line 65308 (wfb::budget libya expenditures (* 9.8e9 $) );; line 65308 (wfb::budget libya capital_expenditures (* 3.1e9 $) );; line 65308 (wfb::exports libya (* 7.2e9 $) );; line 65313 (wfb::exports libya commodities crude_oil n/a );; line 65315 (wfb::exports libya commodities refined_petroleum_products n/a );; line 65315 (wfb::exports libya commodities natural_gas-commodity n/a );; line 65315 (wfb::exports libya partners italy n/a );; line 65317 (wfb::exports libya partners germany n/a );; line 65317 (wfb::exports libya partners spain n/a );; line 65317 (wfb::exports libya partners france n/a );; line 65317 (wfb::exports libya partners uk n/a );; line 65317 (wfb::exports libya partners turkey n/a );; line 65317 (wfb::exports libya partners greece n/a );; line 65317 (wfb::exports libya partners egypt n/a );; line 65317 (wfb::imports libya (* 6.9e9 $) );; line 65321 (wfb::imports libya commodities machinery n/a );; line 65323 (wfb::imports libya commodities transport_equipment n/a );; line 65323 (wfb::imports libya commodities food n/a );; line 65323 (wfb::imports libya commodities manufactured_goods n/a );; line 65323 (wfb::imports libya partners italy n/a );; line 65325 (wfb::imports libya partners germany n/a );; line 65325 (wfb::imports libya partners uk n/a );; line 65325 (wfb::imports libya partners france n/a );; line 65325 (wfb::imports libya partners spain n/a );; line 65325 (wfb::imports libya partners turkey n/a );; line 65325 (wfb::imports libya partners tunisia n/a );; line 65325 (wfb::imports libya partners eastern_europe n/a );; line 65325 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt libya date_1991 );; line 65330 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1990 );; line 65334 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production libya date_1990 );; line 65334 (wfb::industrial_production libya growth_rate (* 10.5 %) );; line 65334 (wfb::electricity libya capacity (* 4600000 kw) );; line 65339 (wfb::electricity libya production (* 16.1e9 kwh) );; line 65341 (wfb::measurement-date electricity libya consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 65343 (wfb::electricity libya consumption_per_capita (* 3078 kwh) );; line 65343 (wfb::industry libya petroleum-industry );; line 65347 (wfb::industry libya food_processing );; line 65347 (wfb::industry libya textiles );; line 65347 (wfb::industry libya handicrafts );; line 65347 (wfb::industry libya cement );; line 65347 (wfb::agriculture libya "5% of GDP; cash crops - wheat, barley, olives, dates, citrus fruits, peanuts; 75% of food is imported" );; line 65351 (wfb::economic_aid libya recipient "Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-87), $242 million" );; line 65357 (wfb::comment economic_aid libya "no longer a recipient" );; line 65360 (wfb::abbreviation libyan_dinar "LD" );; line 65364 (wfb::currency libya libyan_dinar 1000 dirhams );; line 65364 (wfb::exchange_rates libya "Libyan dinars (LD) per US$1 - 0.3555 (January 1995), 0.3596 (1994), 0.3250 (1993), 0.3013 (1992), 0.2684 (1991), 0.2699 (1990)" );; line 65368 (wfb::fiscal_year libya date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 65373 (wfb::comment railroads libya "Libya has had no railroad in operation since 1965, all previous systems having been dismantled; current plans are to construct a 1.435-m standard gauge line from the Tunisian frontier to Tripoli and Misratah, then inland to Sabha, center of a mineral-rich area, but there has been no progress; other plans made jointly with Egypt would establish a rail line from As Sallum, Egypt, to Tobruk with completion set for mid-1994; no progress has been reported" );; line 65379 (wfb::highways libya total (* 19300 km) );; line 65390 (wfb::highways libya bituminous (* 10800 km) );; line 65392 (wfb::highways libya (union gravel earth ) (* 8500 km) );; line 65394 (wfb::inland_waterways libya "none" );; line 65398 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 4383 km) );; line 65402 (wfb::comment pipelines libya "includes liquified petroleum gas 256 km" );; line 65402 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 443 km) );; line 65402 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 1947 km) );; line 65402 (wfb::port libya al_khums-libya );; line 65407 (wfb::port libya banghazi-libya );; line 65407 (wfb::port libya darnah-libya );; line 65407 (wfb::port libya marsa_al_burayqah-libya );; line 65407 (wfb::port libya misratah-libya );; line 65407 (wfb::port libya |Ra's Lanuf-libya| );; line 65407 (wfb::port libya tobruk-libya );; line 65407 (wfb::port libya tripoli-libya );; line 65407 (wfb::port libya zuwarah-libya );; line 65407 (wfb::merchant_marine libya total "30 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 686,136 GRT/1,208,194 DWT" );; line 65413 (wfb::merchant_marine libya ships_by_type "cargo 10, chemical tanker 1, liquefied gas tanker 2, oil tanker 10, roll-on/roll-off cargo 3, short-sea passenger 4" );; line 65415 (wfb::airports libya total 146 );; line 65421 (wfb::airports libya |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 24 );; line 65423 (wfb::airports libya |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 5 );; line 65425 (wfb::airports libya |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 22 );; line 65427 (wfb::airports libya |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 6 );; line 65429 (wfb::airports libya with_paved_runways_under_914_m 21 );; line 65431 (wfb::airports libya |with unpaved runways over 3,047 m| 4 );; line 65433 (wfb::airports libya |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 3 );; line 65435 (wfb::airports libya |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 17 );; line 65437 (wfb::airports libya |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 44 );; line 65439 (wfb::telephone_system libya "370,000 telephones; modern telecommunications system" );; line 65444 (wfb::telephone_system libya local "NA" );; line 65446 (wfb::telephone_system libya intercity "microwave radio relay, coaxial cable, tropospheric scatter, and 14 domestic satellites" );; line 65448 (wfb::telephone_system libya international "2 INTELSAT (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) satellite earth stations; submarine cables to France and Italy; microwave radio relay to Tunisia and Egypt; tropospheric scatter to Greece; planned ARABSAT and Intersputnik satellite earth stations" );; line 65451 (wfb::radio libya broadcast_stations am 17 );; line 65459 (wfb::radio libya broadcast_stations fm 3 );; line 65459 (wfb::radio libya broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 65459 (wfb::radio libya radios n/a );; line 65461 (wfb::television libya broadcast_stations 12 );; line 65466 (wfb::television libya televisions n/a );; line 65468 (wfb::comment defense_branch libya armed_peoples_of_the_libyan_arab_jamahiriyah_libya "includes Army, Navy, and Air and Air Defense Command" );; line 65474 (wfb::defense_branch libya armed_peoples_of_the_libyan_arab_jamahiriyah_libya );; line 65474 (wfb::defense_branch libya police_libya );; line 65474 (wfb::manpower_availability libya "males age 15-49 1,131,175; males fit for military service 672,571; males reach military age (17) annually 54,676 (1995 est.)" );; line 65479 (wfb::estimation-date defense_expenditures libya date_1994 );; line 65484 (wfb::defense_expenditures libya (* 1.4e9 $) );; line 65484 (wfb::defense_expenditures libya (* 6.1 %_of_gdp) );; line 65484 (wfb::markup-parameter figure liechtenstein "graphno=\"ls.tif\"" );; line 65490 (wfb::location liechtenstein "Central Europe, between Austria and Switzerland" );; line 65494 (wfb::map_references liechtenstein "Europe" );; line 65498 (wfb::area liechtenstein total_area (* 160 sq_km) );; line 65503 (wfb::area liechtenstein land_area (* 160 sq_km) );; line 65505 (wfb::area liechtenstein comparative_area "about 0.9 times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 65507 (wfb::borders liechtenstein total (* 78 km) );; line 65511 (wfb::borders liechtenstein austria (* 37 km) );; line 65511 (wfb::borders liechtenstein switzerland (* 41 km) );; line 65511 (wfb::comment coastline liechtenstein "landlocked" );; line 65515 (wfb::coastline liechtenstein (* 0 km) );; line 65515 (wfb::maritime_claims liechtenstein "none; landlocked" );; line 65519 (wfb::international_disputes liechtenstein "claims 1,600 square kilometers of Czech territory confiscated from its royal family in 1918" );; line 65523 (wfb::international_disputes liechtenstein "the Czech Republic insists that restitution does not go back before February 1948, when the Communists seized power" );; line 65523 (wfb::climate liechtenstein "continental" );; line 65529 (wfb::climate liechtenstein "cold, cloudy winters with frequent snow or rain" );; line 65529 (wfb::climate liechtenstein "cool to moderately warm, cloudy, humid summers" );; line 65529 (wfb::terrain liechtenstein "mostly mountainous (Alps) with Rhine Valley in western third" );; line 65534 (wfb::natural-resource liechtenstein hydroelectric_potential );; line 65538 (wfb::land_use liechtenstein arable_land (* 25 %) );; line 65543 (wfb::land_use liechtenstein permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 65545 (wfb::land_use liechtenstein meadows_and_pastures (* 38 %) );; line 65547 (wfb::land_use liechtenstein forest_and_woodland (* 19 %) );; line 65549 (wfb::land_use liechtenstein other (* 18 %) );; line 65551 (wfb::irrigated_land liechtenstein (* n/a sq_km) );; line 65555 (wfb::environment liechtenstein current_issues "NA" );; line 65560 (wfb::environment liechtenstein natural_hazards "NA" );; line 65562 (wfb::environment liechtenstein international_agreements "party to - Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands" );; line 65564 (wfb::environment liechtenstein international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Biodiversity, Law of the Sea" );; line 65564 (wfb::note liechtenstein "landlocked; variety of microclimatic variations based on elevation" );; line 65571 (wfb::estimation-date population liechtenstein date_jul_1995 );; line 65578 (wfb::population liechtenstein 30654 );; line 65578 (wfb::age_structure liechtenstein 0-14_years (* 19 %) );; line 65583 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex liechtenstein 0-14_years female 2897 );; line 65583 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex liechtenstein 0-14_years male 2974 );; line 65583 (wfb::age_structure liechtenstein 15-64_years (* 71 %) );; line 65585 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex liechtenstein 15-64_years female 10853 );; line 65585 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex liechtenstein 15-64_years male 10777 );; line 65585 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure liechtenstein 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 65587 (wfb::age_structure liechtenstein 65_years_and_over (* 10 %) );; line 65587 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex liechtenstein 65_years_and_over female 1930 );; line 65587 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex liechtenstein 65_years_and_over male 1223 );; line 65587 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate liechtenstein date_1995 );; line 65591 (wfb::population_growth_rate liechtenstein (* 1.2 %) );; line 65591 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate liechtenstein date_1995 );; line 65595 (wfb::birth_rate liechtenstein (* 12.95 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 65595 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate liechtenstein date_1995 );; line 65599 (wfb::death_rate liechtenstein (* 6.56 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 65599 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate liechtenstein date_1995 );; line 65603 (wfb::net_migration_rate liechtenstein (* 5.58 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 65603 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate liechtenstein date_1995 );; line 65607 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate liechtenstein (* 5.3 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 65607 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth liechtenstein total_population (* 77.52 years) );; line 65612 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth liechtenstein male (* 73.86 years) );; line 65614 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth liechtenstein female date_1995 );; line 65616 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth liechtenstein female (* 81.17 years) );; line 65616 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate liechtenstein date_1995 );; line 65620 (wfb::total_fertility_rate liechtenstein (* 1.47 children_born/woman) );; line 65620 (wfb::nationality liechtenstein noun "Liechtensteiner(s)" );; line 65625 (wfb::nationality liechtenstein adjective "Liechtenstein" );; line 65627 (wfb::ethnic-entity liechtenstein alemannic (* 95 %) );; line 65631 (wfb::ethnic-entity liechtenstein italian_and_other (* 5 %) );; line 65631 (wfb::measurement-date religion date_1988 );; line 65635 (wfb::religion liechtenstein roman_catholic (* 87.3 %) );; line 65635 (wfb::religion liechtenstein protestant (* 8.3 %) );; line 65635 (wfb::religion liechtenstein unknown (* 1.6 %) );; line 65635 (wfb::language liechtenstein german n/a );; line 65640 (wfb::comment language liechtenstein german "official" );; line 65640 (wfb::language liechtenstein alemannic_dialect n/a );; line 65640 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition liechtenstein date_1981 );; line 65644 (wfb::literacy-condition liechtenstein "age 10 and over can read and write" );; line 65644 (wfb::literacy liechtenstein total_population (* 100 %) );; line 65646 (wfb::literacy liechtenstein male (* 100 %) );; line 65648 (wfb::literacy liechtenstein female (* 100 %) );; line 65650 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force liechtenstein by_occupation date_1990 );; line 65657 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1990 );; line 65657 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation liechtenstein industry n/a );; line 65657 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation liechtenstein trade n/a );; line 65657 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation liechtenstein building (* 53.2 %) );; line 65657 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation liechtenstein services (* 45 %) );; line 65657 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation liechtenstein agriculture n/a );; line 65657 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation liechtenstein fishing-occupation-type n/a );; line 65657 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation liechtenstein forestry n/a );; line 65657 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation liechtenstein horticulture (* 1.8 %) );; line 65657 (wfb::names liechtenstein conventional_long_form "Principality of Liechtenstein" );; line 65664 (wfb::names liechtenstein conventional_short_form "Liechtenstein" );; line 65666 (wfb::names liechtenstein local_long_form "Furstentum Liechtenstein" );; line 65668 (wfb::names liechtenstein local_short_form "Liechtenstein" );; line 65670 (wfb::digraph liechtenstein "LS" );; line 65674 (wfb::type liechtenstein "hereditary constitutional monarchy" );; line 65678 (wfb::capital liechtenstein vaduz-liechtenstein );; line 65682 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_liechtenstein_communes "communes" "gemeinden" "gemeinde" );; line 65686 (wfb::administrative_divisions liechtenstein adm_div_liechtenstein_communes 11 );; line 65686 (wfb::administrative_division_of liechtenstein adm_div_liechtenstein_communes "Balzers" );; line 65686 (wfb::administrative_division_of liechtenstein adm_div_liechtenstein_communes "Eschen" );; line 65686 (wfb::administrative_division_of liechtenstein adm_div_liechtenstein_communes "Gamprin" );; line 65686 (wfb::administrative_division_of liechtenstein adm_div_liechtenstein_communes "Mauren" );; line 65686 (wfb::administrative_division_of liechtenstein adm_div_liechtenstein_communes "Planken" );; line 65686 (wfb::administrative_division_of liechtenstein adm_div_liechtenstein_communes "Ruggell" );; line 65686 (wfb::administrative_division_of liechtenstein adm_div_liechtenstein_communes "Schaan" );; line 65686 (wfb::administrative_division_of liechtenstein adm_div_liechtenstein_communes "Schellenberg" );; line 65686 (wfb::administrative_division_of liechtenstein adm_div_liechtenstein_communes "Triesen" );; line 65686 (wfb::administrative_division_of liechtenstein adm_div_liechtenstein_communes "Triesenberg" );; line 65686 (wfb::administrative_division_of liechtenstein adm_div_liechtenstein_communes "Vaduz" );; line 65686 (wfb::comment independence liechtenstein "Imperial Principality of Liechtenstein established" );; line 65692 (wfb::independence liechtenstein date_23_jan_1719 "n/a" );; line 65692 (wfb::national_holiday liechtenstein "Assumption Day" date_15_aug );; line 65697 (wfb::constitution liechtenstein "5 October 1921" );; line 65701 (wfb::legal_system liechtenstein "local civil and penal codes; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations" );; line 65705 (wfb::comment suffrage liechtenstein " universal" );; line 65710 (wfb::suffrage liechtenstein (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 65710 (wfb::comment executive_branch liechtenstein chief_of_state "Heir Apparent Prince ALOIS von und zu Liechtenstein (born 11 June 1968)" );; line 65715 (wfb::comment executive_branch liechtenstein chief_of_state "; assumed executive powers 26 August 1984)" );; line 65715 (wfb::executive_branch liechtenstein chief_of_state "Prince Hans ADAM II " date_13_nov_1989 );; line 65715 (wfb::comment executive_branch liechtenstein head_of_government "Deputy Head of Government Dr. Thomas BUECHEL (since 15 December 1993)" );; line 65719 (wfb::executive_branch liechtenstein head_of_government "Mario FRICK " date_15_dec_1993 );; line 65719 (wfb::comment executive_branch liechtenstein cabinet "elected by the Diet" );; line 65722 (wfb::comment executive_branch liechtenstein cabinet "confirmed by the sovereign" );; line 65722 (wfb::executive_branch liechtenstein cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 65722 (wfb::legislative_structure liechtenstein unicameral n/a );; line 65726 (wfb::legislative_branch liechtenstein "Diet (Landtag)" "elections last held on 24 October 1993 (next to be held by March 1997); results - VU 50.1%, FBP 41.3%, FL 8.5%; seats - (25 total) VU 13, FBP 11, FL 1" );; line 65728 (wfb::judicial_branch liechtenstein "Supreme Court (Oberster Gerichtshof) for criminal cases, Superior Court (Obergericht) for civil cases" );; line 65734 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders liechtenstein "Fatherland Union (VU), Dr. Oswald KRANTZ; Progressive Citizens' Party (FBP), Otmar HASLER; The Free List (FL)" );; line 65739 (wfb::member_of liechtenstein ce );; line 65744 (wfb::member_of liechtenstein ebrd );; line 65744 (wfb::member_of liechtenstein ece );; line 65744 (wfb::member_of liechtenstein efta );; line 65744 (wfb::member_of liechtenstein gatt );; line 65744 (wfb::member_of liechtenstein iaea );; line 65744 (wfb::member_of liechtenstein icrm );; line 65744 (wfb::member_of liechtenstein ifrcs );; line 65744 (wfb::member_of liechtenstein intelsat );; line 65744 (wfb::member_of liechtenstein interpol );; line 65744 (wfb::member_of liechtenstein ioc );; line 65744 (wfb::member_of liechtenstein itu );; line 65744 (wfb::member_of liechtenstein osce );; line 65744 (wfb::member_of liechtenstein un );; line 65744 (wfb::member_of liechtenstein unctad );; line 65744 (wfb::member_of liechtenstein upu );; line 65744 (wfb::member_of liechtenstein wcl );; line 65744 (wfb::member_of liechtenstein wipo );; line 65744 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us liechtenstein "in routine diplomatic matters, Liechtenstein is represented in the US by the Swiss Embassy" );; line 65749 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation liechtenstein "the US has no diplomatic or consular mission in Liechtenstein, but the US Consul General at Zurich (Switzerland) has consular accreditation at Vaduz" );; line 65754 (wfb::flag liechtenstein "two equal horizontal bands of blue (top) and red with a gold crown on the hoist side of the blue band" );; line 65760 (wfb::overview liechtenstein "Despite its small size and limited natural resources, Liechtenstein has developed into a prosperous, highly industrialized, free-enterprise economy with a vital service sector and living standards on par with its large European neighbors. Low business taxes - the maximum tax rate is 20% - and easy incorporation rules have induced about 25,000 holding or so-called letter box companies to establish nominal offices in Liechtenstein, providing 30% of state revenues. The country participates in a customs union with Switzerland and uses the Swiss franc as its national currency. Liechtenstein plans to join the European Economic Area (an organization serving as a bridge between EFTA and EU) in 1995." );; line 65766 (wfb::estimation-date national_product liechtenstein date_1990 );; line 65779 (wfb::national_product liechtenstein (* 630e6 $) );; line 65779 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate liechtenstein (* n/a %) );; line 65783 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita liechtenstein date_1990 );; line 65787 (wfb::national_product_per_capita liechtenstein (* 22300 $) );; line 65787 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| liechtenstein "5.4% (1990)" );; line 65791 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate liechtenstein date_1994 );; line 65795 (wfb::unemployment_rate liechtenstein (* 1.5 %) );; line 65795 (wfb::budget liechtenstein revenues (* 259e6 $) );; line 65800 (wfb::estimation-date budget liechtenstein date_1990 );; line 65802 (wfb::budget liechtenstein expenditures (* 292e6 $) );; line 65802 (wfb::budget liechtenstein capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 65802 (wfb::exports liechtenstein (* n/a $) );; line 65806 (wfb::exports liechtenstein commodities small_specialty_machinery n/a );; line 65808 (wfb::exports liechtenstein commodities dental_products n/a );; line 65808 (wfb::exports liechtenstein commodities stamps n/a );; line 65808 (wfb::exports liechtenstein commodities hardware n/a );; line 65808 (wfb::exports liechtenstein commodities pottery n/a );; line 65808 (wfb::measurement-date exports liechtenstein date_1990 );; line 65811 (wfb::exports liechtenstein partners ec_countries (* 42.7 %) );; line 65811 (wfb::comment exports liechtenstein "Switzerland 15.4%" );; line 65811 (wfb::exports liechtenstein partners efta_countries (* 20.9 %) );; line 65811 (wfb::imports liechtenstein (* n/a $) );; line 65816 (wfb::imports liechtenstein commodities machinery n/a );; line 65818 (wfb::imports liechtenstein commodities metal_goods n/a );; line 65818 (wfb::imports liechtenstein commodities textiles-commodity n/a );; line 65818 (wfb::imports liechtenstein commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 65818 (wfb::imports liechtenstein commodities motor_vehicles-commodity n/a );; line 65818 (wfb::external_debt liechtenstein (* n/a $) );; line 65824 (wfb::industrial_production liechtenstein growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 65828 (wfb::electricity liechtenstein capacity (* 23000 kw) );; line 65833 (wfb::electricity liechtenstein production (* 150e6 kwh) );; line 65835 (wfb::measurement-date electricity liechtenstein consumption_per_capita date_1992 );; line 65837 (wfb::electricity liechtenstein consumption_per_capita (* 5230 kwh) );; line 65837 (wfb::industry liechtenstein electronics-industry );; line 65841 (wfb::industry liechtenstein metal_manufacturing );; line 65841 (wfb::industry liechtenstein textiles );; line 65841 (wfb::industry liechtenstein ceramics );; line 65841 (wfb::industry liechtenstein pharmaceuticals-industry );; line 65841 (wfb::industry liechtenstein food_products-industry );; line 65841 (wfb::industry liechtenstein precision_instruments );; line 65841 (wfb::industry liechtenstein tourism );; line 65841 (wfb::agriculture liechtenstein "livestock, vegetables, corn, wheat, potatoes, grapes" );; line 65846 (wfb::economic_aid liechtenstein "none" );; line 65850 (wfb::abbreviation |Swiss franc, franken, or franco| "SwF" );; line 65854 (wfb::currency liechtenstein |Swiss franc, franken, or franco| 100 |centimes, rappen, or centesimi| );; line 65854 (wfb::exchange_rates liechtenstein "Swiss francs, franken, or franchi (SwF) per US$1 - 1.2880 (January 1995), 1.3677 (1994), 1.4776 (1993), 1.4062 (1992), 1.4340 (1991), 1.3892 (1990)" );; line 65859 (wfb::fiscal_year liechtenstein date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 65865 (wfb::railroads liechtenstein total "18.5 km; note - owned, operated, and included in statistics of Austrian Federal Railways" );; line 65871 (wfb::railroads liechtenstein standard_gauge "18.5 km 1.435-m gauge (electrified)" );; line 65874 (wfb::highways liechtenstein total (* 322.93 km) );; line 65879 (wfb::highways liechtenstein paved (* 322.93 km) );; line 65881 (wfb::telephone_system liechtenstein "25,400 telephones; limited, but sufficient automatic telephone system" );; line 65894 (wfb::telephone_system liechtenstein local "NA" );; line 65897 (wfb::telephone_system liechtenstein intercity "NA" );; line 65899 (wfb::telephone_system liechtenstein international "linked to Swiss networks by cable and radio relay" );; line 65901 (wfb::radio liechtenstein radios n/a );; line 65908 (wfb::comment radio liechtenstein "linked to Swiss networks" );; line 65910 (wfb::television liechtenstein broadcast_stations n/a );; line 65915 (wfb::television liechtenstein televisions n/a );; line 65917 (wfb::comment television liechtenstein "linked to Swiss networks" );; line 65919 (wfb::note liechtenstein "defense is responsibility of Switzerland" );; line 65925 (wfb::markup-parameter figure lithuania "graphno=\"lh.tif\"" );; line 65931 (wfb::location lithuania "Eastern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea, between Latvia and Russia" );; line 65935 (wfb::map_references lithuania "Europe" );; line 65940 (wfb::area lithuania total_area (* 65200 sq_km) );; line 65945 (wfb::area lithuania land_area (* 65200 sq_km) );; line 65947 (wfb::area lithuania comparative_area "slightly larger than West Virginia" );; line 65949 (wfb::borders lithuania total (* 1273 km) );; line 65953 (wfb::borders lithuania belarus (* 502 km) );; line 65953 (wfb::borders lithuania latvia (* 453 km) );; line 65953 (wfb::borders lithuania poland (* 91 km) );; line 65953 (wfb::borders lithuania |Russia (Kaliningrad)| (* 227 km) );; line 65953 (wfb::coastline lithuania (* 108 km) );; line 65958 (wfb::maritime_claims lithuania territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 65963 (wfb::international_disputes lithuania "dispute with Russia (Kaliningrad Oblast) over the position of the Nemunas (Nemen) River border presently located on the Lithuanian bank and not in midriver as by international standards" );; line 65967 (wfb::climate lithuania "maritime" );; line 65973 (wfb::climate lithuania "wet, moderate winters and summers" );; line 65973 (wfb::terrain lithuania "lowland, many scattered small lakes, fertile soil" );; line 65977 (wfb::natural-resource lithuania peat );; line 65981 (wfb::land_use lithuania arable_land (* 49.1 %) );; line 65986 (wfb::land_use lithuania permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 65988 (wfb::land_use lithuania meadows_and_pastures (* 22.2 %) );; line 65990 (wfb::land_use lithuania forest_and_woodland (* 16.3 %) );; line 65992 (wfb::land_use lithuania other (* 12.4 %) );; line 65994 (wfb::measurement-date irrigated_land lithuania date_1990 );; line 65998 (wfb::irrigated_land lithuania (* 430 sq_km) );; line 65998 (wfb::environment lithuania current_issues "contamination of soil and groundwater with petroleum products and chemicals at military bases" );; line 66003 (wfb::environment lithuania natural_hazards "NA" );; line 66006 (wfb::environment lithuania international_agreements "party to - Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands" );; line 66008 (wfb::environment lithuania international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Climate Change" );; line 66008 (wfb::estimation-date population lithuania date_jul_1995 );; line 66015 (wfb::population lithuania 3876396 );; line 66015 (wfb::age_structure lithuania 0-14_years (* 23 %) );; line 66020 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex lithuania 0-14_years female 426616 );; line 66020 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex lithuania 0-14_years male 444556 );; line 66020 (wfb::age_structure lithuania 15-64_years (* 65 %) );; line 66022 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex lithuania 15-64_years female 1299052 );; line 66022 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex lithuania 15-64_years male 1227420 );; line 66022 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure lithuania 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 66024 (wfb::age_structure lithuania 65_years_and_over (* 12 %) );; line 66024 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex lithuania 65_years_and_over female 313217 );; line 66024 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex lithuania 65_years_and_over male 165535 );; line 66024 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate lithuania date_1995 );; line 66028 (wfb::population_growth_rate lithuania (* 0.71 %) );; line 66028 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate lithuania date_1995 );; line 66032 (wfb::birth_rate lithuania (* 14.46 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 66032 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate lithuania date_1995 );; line 66036 (wfb::death_rate lithuania (* 10.95 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 66036 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate lithuania date_1995 );; line 66040 (wfb::net_migration_rate lithuania (* 3.62 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 66040 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate lithuania date_1995 );; line 66044 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate lithuania (* 16.5 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 66044 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth lithuania total_population (* 71.37 years) );; line 66049 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth lithuania male (* 66.68 years) );; line 66051 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth lithuania female date_1995 );; line 66053 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth lithuania female (* 76.3 years) );; line 66053 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate lithuania date_1995 );; line 66057 (wfb::total_fertility_rate lithuania (* 2 children_born/woman) );; line 66057 (wfb::nationality lithuania noun "Lithuanian(s)" );; line 66062 (wfb::nationality lithuania adjective "Lithuanian" );; line 66064 (wfb::ethnic-entity lithuania lithuanian-ethnic-entity (* 80.1 %) );; line 66068 (wfb::ethnic-entity lithuania russian (* 8.6 %) );; line 66068 (wfb::ethnic-entity lithuania polish (* 7.7 %) );; line 66068 (wfb::ethnic-entity lithuania byelorussian (* 1.5 %) );; line 66068 (wfb::religion lithuania roman_catholic n/a );; line 66073 (wfb::religion lithuania lutheran n/a );; line 66073 (wfb::language lithuania lithuanian n/a );; line 66077 (wfb::comment language lithuania lithuanian "official" );; line 66077 (wfb::language lithuania polish-language-group n/a );; line 66077 (wfb::language lithuania russian-language-group n/a );; line 66077 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition lithuania date_1989 );; line 66081 (wfb::literacy-condition lithuania "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 66081 (wfb::literacy lithuania total_population (* 98 %) );; line 66083 (wfb::literacy lithuania male (* 99 %) );; line 66085 (wfb::literacy lithuania female (* 98 %) );; line 66087 (wfb::total_labor_force lithuania 1.836e6 );; line 66091 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force lithuania by_occupation date_1990 );; line 66093 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1990 );; line 66093 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation lithuania industry_and_construction (* 42 %) );; line 66093 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation lithuania agriculture_and_forestry (* 18 %) );; line 66093 (wfb::names lithuania conventional_long_form "Republic of Lithuania" );; line 66100 (wfb::names lithuania conventional_short_form "Lithuania" );; line 66102 (wfb::names lithuania local_long_form "Lietuvos Respublika" );; line 66104 (wfb::names lithuania local_short_form "Lietuva" );; line 66106 (wfb::names lithuania former "Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic" );; line 66108 (wfb::digraph lithuania "LH" );; line 66112 (wfb::type lithuania "republic" );; line 66116 (wfb::capital lithuania vilnius-lithuania );; line 66120 (wfb::independence lithuania date_6_sep_1991 "Soviet Union" );; line 66140 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1918 );; line 66144 (wfb::comment national_holiday lithuania "1918" );; line 66144 (wfb::national_holiday lithuania "Independence Day" date_16_feb );; line 66144 (wfb::constitution lithuania "adopted 25 October 1992" );; line 66148 (wfb::legal_system lithuania "based on civil law system; no judicial review of legislative acts" );; line 66152 (wfb::comment suffrage lithuania " universal" );; line 66156 (wfb::suffrage lithuania (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 66156 (wfb::comment executive_branch lithuania chief_of_state "election last held 14 February 1993 (next to be held NA 1997)" );; line 66161 (wfb::comment executive_branch lithuania chief_of_state "results - Algirdas BRAZAUSKAS was elected" );; line 66161 (wfb::comment executive_branch lithuania chief_of_state "note - on 25 November 1992 BRAZAUSKAS was elected chairman of Parliament and, as such, acting president of the Republic" );; line 66161 (wfb::comment executive_branch lithuania chief_of_state "he was confirmed in office by direct balloting 15 February 1993" );; line 66161 (wfb::executive_branch lithuania head_of_government "Premier Adolfas SLEZEVICIUS " date_10_mar_1993 );; line 66169 (wfb::comment executive_branch lithuania cabinet "appointed by the president on the nomination of the prime minister" );; line 66171 (wfb::executive_branch lithuania cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 66171 (wfb::legislative_structure lithuania unicameral n/a );; line 66176 (wfb::legislative_branch lithuania "Seimas (parliament)" "elections last held 26 October and 25 November 1992 (next to be held NA 1996); results - LDDP 51%; seats - (141 total) LDDP 73, Conservative Party 30, LKDP 17, LTS 8, Farmers' Union 4, LLS 4, Center Union 2, others 3" );; line 66178 (wfb::judicial_branch lithuania "Supreme Court, Court of Appeals" );; line 66184 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders lithuania "Christian Democratic Party (LKDP), Povilas KATILIUS, chairman; Democratic Labor Party of Lithuania (LDDP), Adolfas SLEZEVICIUS, chairman; Lithuanian Nationalist Union (LTS), Rimantas SMETONA, chairman; Lithuanian Social Democratic Party (LSDP), Aloyzas SAKALAS, chairman; Farmers' Union, Jonas CIULEVICIUS, chairman; Center Union, Romualdas OZOLAS, chairman; Conservative Party, Vytautas LANDSBERGIS, chairman; Lithuanian Polish Union (LLS), Rytardas MACIKIANEC, chairman" );; line 66188 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups lithuania "Homeland Union; Lithuanian Future Forum; Farmers Union" );; line 66198 (wfb::member_of lithuania bis );; line 66202 (wfb::member_of lithuania cbss );; line 66202 (wfb::member_of lithuania ccc );; line 66202 (wfb::member_of lithuania ce );; line 66202 (wfb::member_of lithuania ebrd );; line 66202 (wfb::member_of lithuania ece );; line 66202 (wfb::member_of lithuania fao );; line 66202 (wfb::member_of lithuania ibrd );; line 66202 (wfb::member_of lithuania icao );; line 66202 (wfb::member_of lithuania icrm );; line 66202 (wfb::member_of lithuania ifc );; line 66202 (wfb::member_of lithuania ifrcs );; line 66202 (wfb::member_of lithuania ilo );; line 66202 (wfb::member_of lithuania imf );; line 66202 (wfb::member_of lithuania intelsat );; line 66202 (wfb::comment member_of lithuania intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 66202 (wfb::member_of lithuania interpol );; line 66202 (wfb::member_of lithuania ioc );; line 66202 (wfb::member_of lithuania iso );; line 66202 (wfb::comment member_of lithuania iso "correspondent" );; line 66202 (wfb::member_of lithuania itu );; line 66202 (wfb::member_of lithuania nacc );; line 66202 (wfb::member_of lithuania osce );; line 66202 (wfb::member_of lithuania pfp );; line 66202 (wfb::member_of lithuania un );; line 66202 (wfb::member_of lithuania unctad );; line 66202 (wfb::member_of lithuania unesco );; line 66202 (wfb::member_of lithuania unido );; line 66202 (wfb::member_of lithuania upu );; line 66202 (wfb::member_of lithuania weu );; line 66202 (wfb::comment member_of lithuania weu "associate partner" );; line 66202 (wfb::member_of lithuania who );; line 66202 (wfb::member_of lithuania wipo );; line 66202 (wfb::member_of lithuania wmo );; line 66202 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us lithuania chief_of_mission "Ambassador Alfonsas EIDINTAS" );; line 66210 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us lithuania chancery "2622 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009" );; line 66212 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us lithuania telephone "[1] (202) 234-5860, 2639" );; line 66214 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us lithuania fax "[1] (202) 328-0466" );; line 66216 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us lithuania |consulate(s) general| "New York" );; line 66218 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation lithuania chief_of_mission "Ambassador James W. SWIHART, Jr." );; line 66223 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation lithuania embassy "Akmenu 6, Vilnius 2600" );; line 66225 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation lithuania mailing_address "APO AE 09723" );; line 66227 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation lithuania telephone "[370] (2) 223-031" );; line 66229 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation lithuania fax "[370] (2) 222-779" );; line 66231 (wfb::flag lithuania "three equal horizontal bands of yellow (top), green, and red" );; line 66235 (wfb::overview lithuania "Since independence in September 1991, Lithuania has made steady progress in developing a market economy. Almost 50% of state property has been privatized and trade is diversifying with a gradual shift away from the former Soviet Union to Western markets. In addition, the Lithuanian government has adhered to a disciplined budgetary and financial policy which has brought inflation down from a monthly average of around 14% in first half 1993 to an average of 3.1% in 1994. Nevertheless, the process has been painful with industrial output in 1993 less than half the 1991 level. The economy appeared to have bottomed out in 1994, and Vilnius's policies have laid the groundwork for vigorous recovery over the next few years. Recovery will build on Lithuanian's strategic location with its ice-free port at Klaipeda and its rail and highway hub in Vilnius connecting it with Eastern Europe, Belarus, Russia, and Ukraine, and on its agriculture potential, highly skilled labor force, and diversified industrial sector. Lacking important natural resources, it will remain dependent on imports of fuels and raw materials." );; line 66240 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate lithuania date_1994 );; line 66263 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate lithuania (* -0.5 %) );; line 66263 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita lithuania date_1994 );; line 66267 (wfb::national_product_per_capita lithuania (* 3500 $) );; line 66267 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| lithuania "3.1% (monthly average 1994)" );; line 66271 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate lithuania date_jan_1995 );; line 66275 (wfb::unemployment_rate lithuania (* 4.5 %) );; line 66275 (wfb::budget lithuania revenues (* 258.5e6 $) );; line 66280 (wfb::estimation-date budget lithuania date_1992 );; line 66282 (wfb::budget lithuania expenditures (* 270.2e6 $) );; line 66282 (wfb::budget lithuania capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 66282 (wfb::measurement-date exports lithuania date_1994 );; line 66286 (wfb::exports lithuania (* 2.2e9 $) );; line 66286 (wfb::measurement-date exports lithuania date_1989 );; line 66288 (wfb::exports lithuania commodities electronics (* 18 %) );; line 66288 (wfb::exports lithuania commodities petroleum_products-commodity (* 5 %) );; line 66288 (wfb::exports lithuania commodities food (* 10 %) );; line 66288 (wfb::exports lithuania commodities chemicals-commodity (* 6 %) );; line 66288 (wfb::exports lithuania partners russia n/a );; line 66291 (wfb::exports lithuania partners ukraine n/a );; line 66291 (wfb::exports lithuania partners germany n/a );; line 66291 (wfb::measurement-date imports lithuania date_1994 );; line 66295 (wfb::imports lithuania (* 2.7e9 $) );; line 66295 (wfb::measurement-date imports lithuania date_1989 );; line 66297 (wfb::imports lithuania commodities oil-commodity (* 24 %) );; line 66297 (wfb::imports lithuania commodities machinery (* 14 %) );; line 66297 (wfb::imports lithuania commodities chemicals-commodity (* 8 %) );; line 66297 (wfb::imports lithuania commodities grain_na% n/a );; line 66297 (wfb::imports lithuania partners russia n/a );; line 66299 (wfb::imports lithuania partners germany n/a );; line 66299 (wfb::imports lithuania partners belarus n/a );; line 66299 (wfb::external_debt lithuania (* n/a $) );; line 66303 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1992 );; line 66307 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production lithuania date_1992 );; line 66307 (wfb::industrial_production lithuania growth_rate (* -52 %) );; line 66307 (wfb::industrial_production lithuania accounts_for (* 35 %_of_gdp) );; line 66307 (wfb::electricity lithuania capacity (* 6190000 kw) );; line 66312 (wfb::electricity lithuania production (* 18.9e9 kwh) );; line 66314 (wfb::measurement-date electricity lithuania consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 66316 (wfb::electricity lithuania consumption_per_capita (* 4608 kwh) );; line 66316 (wfb::industry lithuania |industry's share in the economy has been declining substantially over the past year| );; line 66320 (wfb::industry lithuania due_to_the_economic_crisis_and_the_growth_of_services_in_the_economy );; line 66320 (wfb::industry lithuania |among branches which are still important: metal-cutting machine tools 6.6%| );; line 66320 (wfb::industry lithuania electric_motors_4.6% );; line 66320 (wfb::industry lithuania television_sets_6.2% );; line 66320 (wfb::industry lithuania refrigerators_and_freezers_5.4% );; line 66320 (wfb::industry lithuania |shipbuilding (small ships)| );; line 66320 (wfb::industry lithuania furniture_making );; line 66320 (wfb::industry lithuania textiles );; line 66320 (wfb::industry lithuania food_processing );; line 66320 (wfb::industry lithuania fertilizers );; line 66320 (wfb::industry lithuania agricultural_machinery );; line 66320 (wfb::industry lithuania optical_equipment );; line 66320 (wfb::industry lithuania electronic_components );; line 66320 (wfb::industry lithuania computers );; line 66320 (wfb::industry lithuania amber-industry );; line 66320 (wfb::agriculture lithuania "employs around 18% of labor force; accounts for 25% of GDP; sugar, grain, potatoes, sugar beets, vegetables, meat, milk, dairy products, eggs, fish; most developed are the livestock and dairy branches, which depend on imported grain; net exporter of meat, milk, and eggs" );; line 66330 (wfb::illicit_drugs lithuania "transshipment point for illicit drugs from Central and Southwest Asia and Latin America to Western Europe; limited producer of illicit opium; mostly for domestic consumption" );; line 66337 (wfb::economic_aid lithuania recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (1992), $10 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-86), $NA million; Communist countries (1971-86), $NA million" );; line 66344 (wfb::abbreviation introduced_the_convertible_litas_in_june_1993 "n/a" );; line 66350 (wfb::currency lithuania introduced_the_convertible_litas_in_june_1993 n/a n/a );; line 66350 (wfb::exchange_rates lithuania "litai per US$1 - 4 (fixed rate 1 May 1994)" );; line 66354 (wfb::fiscal_year lithuania date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 66358 (wfb::railroads lithuania total "2,010 km" );; line 66364 (wfb::railroads lithuania broad_gauge "2,010 km 1.524-m gauge (120 km electrified) (1990)" );; line 66366 (wfb::highways lithuania total (* 44200 km) );; line 66371 (wfb::highways lithuania paved (* 35500 km) );; line 66373 (wfb::measurement-date highways lithuania date_1990 );; line 66375 (wfb::comment highways lithuania unpaved "1990" );; line 66375 (wfb::measurement-date highways lithuania unpaved earth date_1990 );; line 66375 (wfb::highways lithuania earth (* 8700 km) );; line 66375 (wfb::inland_waterways lithuania "600 km perennially navigable" );; line 66379 (wfb::measurement-date pipelines date_1992 );; line 66383 (wfb::pipelines |crude oil,| (* 105 km) );; line 66383 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 760 km) );; line 66383 (wfb::port lithuania kaunas-lithuania );; line 66387 (wfb::port lithuania klaipeda-lithuania );; line 66387 (wfb::merchant_marine lithuania total "44 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 275,893 GRT/321,440 DWT" );; line 66392 (wfb::merchant_marine lithuania ships_by_type "bulk 1, cargo 28, combination bulk 11, railcar carrier 3, roll-on/roll-off cargo 1" );; line 66394 (wfb::airports lithuania total 96 );; line 66400 (wfb::airports lithuania |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 3 );; line 66402 (wfb::airports lithuania |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 2 );; line 66404 (wfb::airports lithuania |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 4 );; line 66406 (wfb::airports lithuania |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 2 );; line 66408 (wfb::airports lithuania with_paved_runways_under_914_m 14 );; line 66410 (wfb::airports lithuania |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 66412 (wfb::airports lithuania |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 1 );; line 66414 (wfb::airports lithuania |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 6 );; line 66416 (wfb::airports lithuania with_unpaved_runways_under_914_m 63 );; line 66418 (wfb::telephone_system lithuania "900,000 telephones; 240 telephones/1,000 persons; telecommunications system ranks among the most modern of the former Soviet republics" );; line 66423 (wfb::telephone_system lithuania local "NA" );; line 66426 (wfb::telephone_system lithuania intercity "land lines and microwave radio relay" );; line 66428 (wfb::telephone_system lithuania international "international connections no longer depend on the Moscow gateway switch, but are established by satellite through Oslo from Vilnius and through Copenhagen from Kaunas; 1 EUTELSAT and 1 INTELSAT earth station; an NMT-450 analog cellular network operates in Vilnius and other cities and is linked internationally through Copenhagen by EUTELSAT; international electronic mail is available; land lines or microwave to former USSR republics" );; line 66430 (wfb::radio lithuania broadcast_stations am 13 );; line 66440 (wfb::radio lithuania broadcast_stations fm 26 );; line 66440 (wfb::radio lithuania broadcast_stations shortwave 1 );; line 66440 (wfb::radio lithuania broadcast_stations longwave 1 );; line 66440 (wfb::radio lithuania radios n/a );; line 66442 (wfb::television lithuania broadcast_stations 3 );; line 66447 (wfb::television lithuania televisions n/a );; line 66449 (wfb::defense_branch lithuania ground_forces_lithuania );; line 66455 (wfb::defense_branch lithuania navy_lithuania );; line 66455 (wfb::defense_branch lithuania air_and_air_defense_force_lithuania );; line 66455 (wfb::comment defense_branch lithuania security_forces_lithuania "internal and border troops" );; line 66455 (wfb::defense_branch lithuania security_forces_lithuania );; line 66455 (wfb::comment defense_branch lithuania national_guard_lithuania "Skat" );; line 66455 (wfb::defense_branch lithuania national_guard_lithuania );; line 66455 (wfb::manpower_availability lithuania "males age 15-49 949,663; males fit for military service 750,386; males reach military age (18) annually 27,630 (1995 est.)" );; line 66460 (wfb::markup-parameter figure luxembourg "graphno=\"lu.tif\"" );; line 66472 (wfb::location luxembourg "Western Europe, between France and Germany" );; line 66476 (wfb::map_references luxembourg "Europe" );; line 66480 (wfb::area luxembourg total_area (* 2586 sq_km) );; line 66485 (wfb::area luxembourg land_area (* 2586 sq_km) );; line 66487 (wfb::area luxembourg comparative_area "slightly smaller than Rhode Island" );; line 66489 (wfb::borders luxembourg total (* 359 km) );; line 66493 (wfb::borders luxembourg belgium (* 148 km) );; line 66493 (wfb::borders luxembourg france (* 73 km) );; line 66493 (wfb::borders luxembourg germany (* 138 km) );; line 66493 (wfb::comment coastline luxembourg "landlocked" );; line 66497 (wfb::coastline luxembourg (* 0 km) );; line 66497 (wfb::maritime_claims luxembourg "none; landlocked" );; line 66501 (wfb::international_disputes luxembourg "none" );; line 66505 (wfb::climate luxembourg "modified continental with mild winters, cool summers" );; line 66509 (wfb::terrain luxembourg "mostly gently rolling uplands with broad, shallow valleys" );; line 66513 (wfb::terrain luxembourg "uplands to slightly mountainous in the north" );; line 66513 (wfb::terrain luxembourg "steep slope down to Moselle floodplain in the southeast" );; line 66513 (wfb::natural-resource luxembourg |iron ore (no longer exploited)| );; line 66519 (wfb::land_use luxembourg arable_land (* 24 %) );; line 66524 (wfb::land_use luxembourg permanent_crops (* 1 %) );; line 66526 (wfb::land_use luxembourg meadows_and_pastures (* 20 %) );; line 66528 (wfb::land_use luxembourg forest_and_woodland (* 21 %) );; line 66530 (wfb::land_use luxembourg other (* 34 %) );; line 66532 (wfb::irrigated_land luxembourg (* n/a sq_km) );; line 66536 (wfb::environment luxembourg current_issues "deforestation" );; line 66541 (wfb::environment luxembourg current_issues "air and water pollution in urban areas" );; line 66541 (wfb::environment luxembourg natural_hazards "NA" );; line 66543 (wfb::environment luxembourg international_agreements "party to - Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83" );; line 66545 (wfb::environment luxembourg international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Desertification, Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea" );; line 66545 (wfb::note luxembourg "landlocked" );; line 66554 (wfb::estimation-date population luxembourg date_jul_1995 );; line 66560 (wfb::population luxembourg 404660 );; line 66560 (wfb::age_structure luxembourg 0-14_years (* 18 %) );; line 66565 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex luxembourg 0-14_years female 35372 );; line 66565 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex luxembourg 0-14_years male 36645 );; line 66565 (wfb::age_structure luxembourg 15-64_years (* 68 %) );; line 66567 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex luxembourg 15-64_years female 136960 );; line 66567 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex luxembourg 15-64_years male 137792 );; line 66567 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure luxembourg 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 66569 (wfb::age_structure luxembourg 65_years_and_over (* 14 %) );; line 66569 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex luxembourg 65_years_and_over female 35774 );; line 66569 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex luxembourg 65_years_and_over male 22117 );; line 66569 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate luxembourg date_1995 );; line 66573 (wfb::population_growth_rate luxembourg (* 0.57 %) );; line 66573 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate luxembourg date_1995 );; line 66577 (wfb::birth_rate luxembourg (* 12.61 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 66577 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate luxembourg date_1995 );; line 66581 (wfb::death_rate luxembourg (* 9.42 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 66581 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate luxembourg date_1995 );; line 66585 (wfb::net_migration_rate luxembourg (* 2.47 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 66585 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate luxembourg date_1995 );; line 66589 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate luxembourg (* 6.6 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 66589 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth luxembourg total_population (* 76.95 years) );; line 66594 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth luxembourg male (* 73.31 years) );; line 66596 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth luxembourg female date_1995 );; line 66598 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth luxembourg female (* 80.75 years) );; line 66598 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate luxembourg date_1995 );; line 66602 (wfb::total_fertility_rate luxembourg (* 1.65 children_born/woman) );; line 66602 (wfb::nationality luxembourg noun "Luxembourger(s)" );; line 66607 (wfb::nationality luxembourg adjective "Luxembourg" );; line 66609 (wfb::comment ethnic_divisions luxembourg "guest and worker residents" );; line 66613 (wfb::ethnic-entity luxembourg celtic_base n/a );; line 66613 (wfb::ethnic-entity luxembourg portuguese-ethnic-entity n/a );; line 66613 (wfb::ethnic-entity luxembourg italian-ethnic-entity n/a );; line 66613 (wfb::ethnic-entity luxembourg european n/a );; line 66613 (wfb::religion luxembourg roman_catholic (* 97 %) );; line 66618 (wfb::religion luxembourg protestant_and_jewish (* 3 %) );; line 66618 (wfb::language luxembourg luxembourgisch n/a );; line 66622 (wfb::language luxembourg german n/a );; line 66622 (wfb::language luxembourg french n/a );; line 66622 (wfb::language luxembourg english n/a );; line 66622 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition luxembourg date_1980 );; line 66626 (wfb::literacy-condition luxembourg "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 66626 (wfb::literacy luxembourg total_population (* 100 %) );; line 66628 (wfb::literacy luxembourg male (* 100 %) );; line 66630 (wfb::literacy luxembourg female (* 100 %) );; line 66632 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force luxembourg by_occupation date_1988 );; line 66639 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1988 );; line 66639 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation luxembourg services (* 65 %) );; line 66639 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation luxembourg industry (* 31.6 %) );; line 66639 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation luxembourg agriculture (* 3.4 %) );; line 66639 (wfb::names luxembourg conventional_long_form "Grand Duchy of Luxembourg" );; line 66645 (wfb::names luxembourg conventional_short_form "Luxembourg" );; line 66647 (wfb::names luxembourg local_long_form "Grand-Duche de Luxembourg" );; line 66649 (wfb::names luxembourg local_short_form "Luxembourg" );; line 66651 (wfb::digraph luxembourg "LU" );; line 66655 (wfb::type luxembourg "constitutional monarchy" );; line 66659 (wfb::capital luxembourg luxembourg-luxembourg );; line 66663 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_luxembourg_districts "districts" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 66667 (wfb::administrative_divisions luxembourg adm_div_luxembourg_districts 3 );; line 66667 (wfb::administrative_division_of luxembourg adm_div_luxembourg_districts "Diekirch" );; line 66667 (wfb::administrative_division_of luxembourg adm_div_luxembourg_districts "Grevenmacher" );; line 66667 (wfb::administrative_division_of luxembourg adm_div_luxembourg_districts "Luxembourg" );; line 66667 (wfb::independence luxembourg date_1839 "n/a" );; line 66671 (wfb::comment national_holiday luxembourg "public celebration of the Grand Duke's birthday" );; line 66675 (wfb::national_holiday luxembourg "National Day" date_23_jun );; line 66675 (wfb::constitution luxembourg "17 October 1868, occasional revisions" );; line 66680 (wfb::legal_system luxembourg "based on civil law system; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 66684 (wfb::comment suffrage luxembourg " universal and compulsory" );; line 66688 (wfb::suffrage luxembourg (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 66688 (wfb::comment executive_branch luxembourg chief_of_state "Heir Apparent Prince HENRI (son of Grand Duke JEAN, born 16 April 1955)" );; line 66693 (wfb::executive_branch luxembourg chief_of_state "Grand Duke JEAN " date_12_nov_1964 );; line 66693 (wfb::comment executive_branch luxembourg head_of_government "Vice Prime Minister Jacques F. POOS (since 21 July 1984)" );; line 66696 (wfb::executive_branch luxembourg head_of_government "Prime Minister Jean-Claude JUNKER " date_1_jan_1994 );; line 66696 (wfb::comment executive_branch luxembourg cabinet "appointed by the sovereign" );; line 66699 (wfb::executive_branch luxembourg cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 66699 (wfb::legislative_structure luxembourg unicameral n/a );; line 66703 (wfb::legislative_branch luxembourg "Chamber of Deputies (Chambre des Deputes)" "elections last held on 12 June 1994 (next to be held by June 1999); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (60 total) CSV 21, LSAP 17, DP 12, Action Committee for Democracy and Pension Rights 5, Greens 5" );; line 66705 (wfb::comment legislative_branch luxembourg "the Council of State (Conseil d'Etat) is an advisory body whose views are considered by the Chamber of Deputies" );; line 66709 (wfb::judicial_branch luxembourg "Superior Court of Justice (Cour Superieure de Justice)" );; line 66714 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders luxembourg "Christian Social People's Party (CSV), Erna HENNICOT-SCHOEPGES; Socialist Workers Party (LSAP), Ben FAYOT; Democratic Party (DP), Henri GRETHEN; Action Committee for Democracy and Pension Rights, Roby MEHLEN; other minor parties" );; line 66718 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups luxembourg "group of steel companies representing iron and steel industry; Centrale Paysanne representing agricultural producers; Christian and Socialist labor unions; Federation of Industrialists; Artisans and Shopkeepers Federation" );; line 66725 (wfb::member_of luxembourg acct );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg australia_group );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg benelux );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg ccc );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg ce );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg ebrd );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg ec-international-organization );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg ece );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg eib );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg fao );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg gatt );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg iaea );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg ibrd );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg icao );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg icc );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg icftu );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg icrm );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg ida );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg iea );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg ifad );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg ifc );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg ifrcs );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg ilo );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg imf );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg imo );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg intelsat );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg interpol );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg ioc );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg iom );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg itu );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg mtcr );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg nacc );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg nato );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg nea );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg nsg );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg oecd );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg osce );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg pca );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg un );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg unctad );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg unesco );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg unido );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg upu );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg wcl );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg weu );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg who );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg wipo );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg wmo );; line 66732 (wfb::member_of luxembourg zc );; line 66732 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us luxembourg chief_of_mission "Ambassador Alphonse BERNS" );; line 66741 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us luxembourg chancery "2200 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 66743 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us luxembourg telephone "[1] (202) 265-4171" );; line 66745 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us luxembourg fax "[1] (202) 328-8270" );; line 66747 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us luxembourg |consulate(s) general| "New York and San Francisco" );; line 66749 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation luxembourg chief_of_mission "Ambassador Clay CONSTANTINOU" );; line 66754 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation luxembourg embassy "22 Boulevard Emmanuel-Servais, 2535 Luxembourg City" );; line 66756 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation luxembourg mailing_address "PSC 11, Luxembourg City; APO AE 09132-5380" );; line 66758 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation luxembourg telephone "[352] 46 01 23" );; line 66760 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation luxembourg fax "[352] 46 14 01" );; line 66762 (wfb::flag luxembourg "three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and light blue; similar to the flag of the Netherlands, which uses a darker blue and is shorter; design was based on the flag of France" );; line 66766 (wfb::overview luxembourg "The stable, prosperous economy features moderate growth, low inflation, and negligible unemployment. Agriculture is based on small but highly productive family-owned farms. The industrial sector, until recently dominated by steel, has become increasingly more diversified, particularly toward high-technology firms. During the past decade, growth in the financial sector has more than compensated for the decline in steel. Services, especially banking, account for a growing proportion of the economy. Luxembourg participates in an economic union with Belgium on trade and most financial matters, is also closely connected economically to the Netherlands, and as a member of the 15-member European Union enjoys the advantages of the open European market." );; line 66773 (wfb::estimation-date national_product luxembourg date_1994 );; line 66786 (wfb::national_product luxembourg (* 9.2e9 $) );; line 66786 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate luxembourg date_1994 );; line 66790 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate luxembourg (* 2.6 %) );; line 66790 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita luxembourg date_1994 );; line 66794 (wfb::national_product_per_capita luxembourg (* 22830 $) );; line 66794 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| luxembourg "3.6% (1992)" );; line 66798 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate luxembourg date_1994 );; line 66802 (wfb::unemployment_rate luxembourg (* 2.4 %) );; line 66802 (wfb::budget luxembourg revenues (* 4e9 $) );; line 66807 (wfb::estimation-date budget luxembourg date_1994 );; line 66809 (wfb::budget luxembourg expenditures (* 4.05e9 $) );; line 66809 (wfb::budget luxembourg capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 66809 (wfb::exports luxembourg (* 6.4e9 $) );; line 66813 (wfb::exports luxembourg commodities finished_steel_products n/a );; line 66815 (wfb::exports luxembourg commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 66815 (wfb::exports luxembourg commodities rubber_products n/a );; line 66815 (wfb::exports luxembourg commodities glass-commodity n/a );; line 66815 (wfb::exports luxembourg commodities aluminum n/a );; line 66815 (wfb::exports luxembourg partners ec (* 76 %) );; line 66818 (wfb::exports luxembourg partners us (* 5 %) );; line 66818 (wfb::imports luxembourg (* 8.3e9 $) );; line 66822 (wfb::imports luxembourg commodities minerals n/a );; line 66824 (wfb::imports luxembourg commodities metals n/a );; line 66824 (wfb::imports luxembourg commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 66824 (wfb::imports luxembourg commodities quality_consumer_goods n/a );; line 66824 (wfb::imports luxembourg partners belgium (* 37 %) );; line 66826 (wfb::imports luxembourg partners germany (* 31 %) );; line 66826 (wfb::imports luxembourg partners france (* 12 %) );; line 66826 (wfb::imports luxembourg partners us (* 2 %) );; line 66826 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt luxembourg date_1994 );; line 66830 (wfb::external_debt luxembourg (* 800e6 $) );; line 66830 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1990 );; line 66834 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production luxembourg date_1990 );; line 66834 (wfb::industrial_production luxembourg growth_rate (* -0.5 %) );; line 66834 (wfb::industrial_production luxembourg accounts_for (* 25 %_of_gdp) );; line 66834 (wfb::electricity luxembourg capacity (* 1238750 kw) );; line 66839 (wfb::electricity luxembourg production (* 1.374e9 kwh) );; line 66841 (wfb::measurement-date electricity luxembourg consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 66843 (wfb::electricity luxembourg consumption_per_capita (* 3395 kwh) );; line 66843 (wfb::industry luxembourg banking );; line 66847 (wfb::industry luxembourg iron );; line 66847 (wfb::industry luxembourg steel );; line 66847 (wfb::industry luxembourg food_processing );; line 66847 (wfb::industry luxembourg chemicals );; line 66847 (wfb::industry luxembourg metal_products );; line 66847 (wfb::industry luxembourg engineering );; line 66847 (wfb::industry luxembourg tires );; line 66847 (wfb::industry luxembourg glass );; line 66847 (wfb::industry luxembourg aluminum-industry );; line 66847 (wfb::agriculture luxembourg "accounts for less than 3% of GDP (including forestry); principal products - barley, oats, potatoes, wheat, fruits, wine grapes; cattle raising widespread" );; line 66852 (wfb::economic_aid luxembourg "none" );; line 66858 (wfb::abbreviation luxembourg_franc "LuxF" );; line 66862 (wfb::currency luxembourg luxembourg_franc 100 centimes );; line 66862 (wfb::exchange_rates luxembourg "Luxembourg francs (LuxF) per US$1 - 31.549 (January 1995), 33,456 (1994), 34.597 (1993), 32.150 (1992), 34.148 (1991), 33.418 (1990); note - the Luxembourg franc is at par with the Belgian franc, which circulates freely in Luxembourg" );; line 66866 (wfb::fiscal_year luxembourg date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 66873 (wfb::railroads luxembourg total "271 km" );; line 66879 (wfb::railroads luxembourg standard_gauge "271 km 1.435-m gauge (243 km electrified; 178 km double track) (1994)" );; line 66881 (wfb::highways luxembourg total (* 5108 km) );; line 66887 (wfb::comment highways luxembourg paved "95 km of limited access divided highway" );; line 66889 (wfb::measurement-date highways luxembourg date_1992 );; line 66891 (wfb::inland_waterways luxembourg "37 km; Moselle River" );; line 66895 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 48 km) );; line 66899 (wfb::port luxembourg mertert-luxembourg );; line 66903 (wfb::merchant_marine luxembourg total "45 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,129,466 GRT/1,790,988 DWT" );; line 66908 (wfb::merchant_marine luxembourg ships_by_type "bulk 6, cargo 2, chemical tanker 4, combination bulk 6, container 2, liquefied gas tanker 8, oil tanker 7, passenger 2, refrigerated cargo 6, roll-on/roll-off cargo 2" );; line 66910 (wfb::airports luxembourg total 2 );; line 66917 (wfb::airports luxembourg |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 66919 (wfb::airports luxembourg with_paved_runways_under_914_m 1 );; line 66921 (wfb::telephone_system luxembourg "230,000 telephones; highly developed, completely automated and efficient system, mainly buried cables; nationwide mobile phone system" );; line 66926 (wfb::telephone_system luxembourg local "NA" );; line 66929 (wfb::telephone_system luxembourg intercity "buried cable" );; line 66931 (wfb::telephone_system luxembourg international "3 channels leased on TAT-6 coaxial submarine cable" );; line 66933 (wfb::radio luxembourg broadcast_stations am 2 );; line 66938 (wfb::radio luxembourg broadcast_stations fm 3 );; line 66938 (wfb::radio luxembourg broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 66938 (wfb::radio luxembourg radios n/a );; line 66940 (wfb::television luxembourg televisions n/a );; line 66947 (wfb::defense_branch luxembourg army_luxembourg );; line 66953 (wfb::defense_branch luxembourg national_gendarmerie_luxembourg );; line 66953 (wfb::manpower_availability luxembourg "males age 15-49 103,990; males fit for military service 85,912; males reach military age (19) annually 2,190 (1995 est.)" );; line 66957 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures luxembourg date_1994 );; line 66962 (wfb::defense_expenditures luxembourg (* 129e6 $) );; line 66962 (wfb::defense_expenditures luxembourg (* 1.2 %_of_gdp) );; line 66962 (wfb::markup-parameter figure macau "graphno=\"mc.tif\"" );; line 66969 (wfb::header macau "(overseas territory of Portugal)" );; line 66969 (wfb::location macau "Eastern Asia, bordering the South China Sea and China" );; line 66974 (wfb::map_references macau "Southeast Asia" );; line 66978 (wfb::area macau total_area (* 16 sq_km) );; line 66983 (wfb::area macau land_area (* 16 sq_km) );; line 66985 (wfb::area macau comparative_area "about 0.1 times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 66987 (wfb::borders macau total (* 0.34 km) );; line 66991 (wfb::borders macau china (* 0.34 km) );; line 66991 (wfb::coastline macau (* 40 km) );; line 66995 (wfb::international_disputes macau "none" );; line 67003 (wfb::climate macau "subtropical" );; line 67007 (wfb::climate macau "marine with cool winters, warm summers" );; line 67007 (wfb::terrain macau "generally flat" );; line 67011 (wfb::natural-resource macau negligible );; line 67015 (wfb::land_use macau arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 67020 (wfb::land_use macau permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 67022 (wfb::land_use macau meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 67024 (wfb::land_use macau forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 67026 (wfb::land_use macau other (* 100 %) );; line 67028 (wfb::irrigated_land macau (* n/a sq_km) );; line 67032 (wfb::environment macau current_issues "NA" );; line 67037 (wfb::environment macau natural_hazards "NA" );; line 67039 (wfb::environment macau international_agreements "party to - Ozone Layer Protection (extended from Portugal)" );; line 67041 (wfb::note macau "essentially urban; one causeway and one bridge connect the two islands to the peninsula on mainland" );; line 67045 (wfb::estimation-date population macau date_jul_1995 );; line 67052 (wfb::population macau 490901 );; line 67052 (wfb::age_structure macau 0-14_years (* 24 %) );; line 67057 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex macau 0-14_years female 56991 );; line 67057 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex macau 0-14_years male 60944 );; line 67057 (wfb::age_structure macau 15-64_years (* 68 %) );; line 67059 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex macau 15-64_years female 167366 );; line 67059 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex macau 15-64_years male 165168 );; line 67059 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure macau 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 67061 (wfb::age_structure macau 65_years_and_over (* 8 %) );; line 67061 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex macau 65_years_and_over female 23537 );; line 67061 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex macau 65_years_and_over male 16895 );; line 67061 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate macau date_1995 );; line 67065 (wfb::population_growth_rate macau (* 1.25 %) );; line 67065 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate macau date_1995 );; line 67069 (wfb::birth_rate macau (* 14.5 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 67069 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate macau date_1995 );; line 67073 (wfb::death_rate macau (* 4.21 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 67073 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate macau date_1995 );; line 67077 (wfb::net_migration_rate macau (* 2.24 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 67077 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate macau date_1995 );; line 67081 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate macau (* 5.4 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 67081 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth macau total_population (* 79.86 years) );; line 67086 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth macau male (* 77.41 years) );; line 67088 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth macau female date_1995 );; line 67090 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth macau female (* 82.43 years) );; line 67090 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate macau date_1995 );; line 67094 (wfb::total_fertility_rate macau (* 1.49 children_born/woman) );; line 67094 (wfb::nationality macau noun "Macanese (singular and plural)" );; line 67099 (wfb::nationality macau adjective "Macau" );; line 67101 (wfb::ethnic-entity macau chinese (* 95 %) );; line 67105 (wfb::ethnic-entity macau portuguese-ethnic-entity (* 3 %) );; line 67105 (wfb::measurement-date religion date_1981 );; line 67109 (wfb::religion macau buddhist (* 45 %) );; line 67109 (wfb::religion macau roman_catholic (* 7 %) );; line 67109 (wfb::religion macau protestant (* 1 %) );; line 67109 (wfb::language macau portuguese n/a );; line 67114 (wfb::comment language macau portuguese "official" );; line 67114 (wfb::language macau cantonese_is_the_language_of_commerce n/a );; line 67114 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition macau date_1981 );; line 67118 (wfb::literacy-condition macau "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 67118 (wfb::literacy macau total_population (* 90 %) );; line 67120 (wfb::literacy macau male (* 93 %) );; line 67122 (wfb::literacy macau female (* 86 %) );; line 67124 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force macau date_1986 );; line 67128 (wfb::total_labor_force macau 180000 );; line 67128 (wfb::names macau conventional_short_form "Macau" );; line 67138 (wfb::names macau local_short_form "Ilha de Macau" );; line 67142 (wfb::digraph macau "MC" );; line 67146 (wfb::type macau "overseas territory of Portugal scheduled to revert to China in 1999" );; line 67150 (wfb::capital macau macau-macau );; line 67155 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_macau_districts "districts" "concelhos" "concelho" );; line 67159 (wfb::administrative_divisions macau adm_div_macau_districts 2 );; line 67159 (wfb::administrative_division_of macau adm_div_macau_districts "Ilhas" );; line 67159 (wfb::administrative_division_of macau adm_div_macau_districts "Macau" );; line 67159 (wfb::comment independence macau "territory of Portugal; Portugal signed an agreement with China on 13 April 1987 to return Macau to China on 20 December 1999; in the joint declaration, China promises to respect Macau's existing social and economic systems and lifestyle for 50 year after transition" );; line 67163 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1580 );; line 67170 (wfb::comment national_holiday macau "1580" );; line 67170 (wfb::national_holiday macau "Day of Portugal" date_10_jun );; line 67170 (wfb::constitution macau "17 February 1976, Organic Law of Macau; basic law drafted primarily by Beijing awaiting final approval" );; line 67174 (wfb::legal_system macau "Portuguese civil law system" );; line 67179 (wfb::comment suffrage macau " universal" );; line 67183 (wfb::suffrage macau (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 67183 (wfb::executive_branch macau chief_of_state "President (of Portugal) Mario Alberto SOARES " date_9_mar_1986 );; line 67188 (wfb::executive_branch macau head_of_government "Governor Gen. Vasco Joachim Rocha VIEIRA " date_20_mar_1991 );; line 67191 (wfb::comment executive_branch macau cabinet "consists of five members appointed by the governor, two nominated by the governor, five members elected for a four-year term (2 represent administrative bodies, 1 represents moral, cultural, and welfare interests, and 2 economic interests), and three statuatory members" );; line 67193 (wfb::executive_branch macau cabinet "Consultative Council" );; line 67193 (wfb::legislative_structure macau unicameral n/a );; line 67200 (wfb::legislative_branch macau "Legislative Assembly" "elections last held on 10 March 1991 (next to be held NA); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (23 total, 8 elected by universal suffrage, 8 by indirect suffrage, and 7 appointed by the governor) number of seats by party NA" );; line 67202 (wfb::judicial_branch macau "Supreme Court" );; line 67209 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders macau "Association to Defend the Interests of Macau; Macau Democratic Center; Group to Study the Development of Macau; Macau Independent Group" );; line 67213 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups macau "wealthy Macanese and Chinese representing local interests, wealthy pro-Communist merchants representing China's interests; in January 1967 the Macau Government acceded to Chinese demands that gave China veto power over administration" );; line 67218 (wfb::member_of macau ccc );; line 67225 (wfb::member_of macau escap );; line 67225 (wfb::comment member_of macau escap "associate" );; line 67225 (wfb::member_of macau gatt );; line 67225 (wfb::member_of macau imo );; line 67225 (wfb::comment member_of macau imo "associate" );; line 67225 (wfb::member_of macau interpol );; line 67225 (wfb::comment member_of macau interpol "subbureau" );; line 67225 (wfb::member_of macau wto );; line 67225 (wfb::comment member_of macau wto "associate" );; line 67225 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us macau "none (Chinese territory under Portuguese administration)" );; line 67230 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation macau "the US has no offices in Macau, and US interests are monitored by the US Consulate General in Hong Kong" );; line 67234 (wfb::flag macau "the flag of Portugal is used" );; line 67239 (wfb::overview macau "The economy is based largely on tourism (including gambling) and textile and fireworks manufacturing. Efforts to diversify have spawned other small industries - toys, artificial flowers, and electronics. The tourist sector has accounted for roughly 25% of GDP, and the clothing industry has provided about two-thirds of export earnings; the gambling industry represented well over 40% of GDP in 1992. Macau depends on China for most of its food, fresh water, and energy imports. Japan and Hong Kong are the main suppliers of raw materials and capital goods." );; line 67244 (wfb::estimation-date national_product macau date_1993 );; line 67255 (wfb::national_product macau (* 4.8e9 $) );; line 67255 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate macau (* n/a %) );; line 67259 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita macau date_1993 );; line 67263 (wfb::national_product_per_capita macau (* 10000 $) );; line 67263 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| macau "7.7% (1992 est.)" );; line 67267 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate macau date_1992 );; line 67271 (wfb::unemployment_rate macau (* 2 %) );; line 67271 (wfb::budget macau revenues (* 305e6 $) );; line 67276 (wfb::estimation-date budget macau date_1989 );; line 67278 (wfb::budget macau expenditures (* 298e6 $) );; line 67278 (wfb::budget macau capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 67278 (wfb::estimation-date exports macau date_1992 );; line 67282 (wfb::exports macau (* 1.8e9 $) );; line 67282 (wfb::exports macau commodities textiles-commodity n/a );; line 67284 (wfb::exports macau commodities clothing-commodity n/a );; line 67284 (wfb::exports macau commodities toys n/a );; line 67284 (wfb::estimation-date exports macau date_1992 );; line 67286 (wfb::exports macau partners us (* 35 %) );; line 67286 (wfb::exports macau partners hong_kong (* 12.5 %) );; line 67286 (wfb::exports macau partners germany (* 12 %) );; line 67286 (wfb::exports macau partners china (* 9.9 %) );; line 67286 (wfb::exports macau partners france (* 8 %) );; line 67286 (wfb::estimation-date imports macau date_1992 );; line 67291 (wfb::imports macau (* 2e9 $) );; line 67291 (wfb::imports macau commodities raw_materials n/a );; line 67293 (wfb::imports macau commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 67293 (wfb::imports macau commodities capital_goods n/a );; line 67293 (wfb::estimation-date imports macau date_1992 );; line 67295 (wfb::imports macau partners hong_kong (* 33 %) );; line 67295 (wfb::imports macau partners china (* 20 %) );; line 67295 (wfb::imports macau partners japan (* 18 %) );; line 67295 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt macau date_1985 );; line 67299 (wfb::external_debt macau (* 91e6 $) );; line 67299 (wfb::industrial_production macau growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 67303 (wfb::electricity macau capacity (* 258000 kw) );; line 67308 (wfb::electricity macau production (* 950e6 kwh) );; line 67310 (wfb::measurement-date electricity macau consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 67312 (wfb::electricity macau consumption_per_capita (* 2093 kwh) );; line 67312 (wfb::industry macau clothing );; line 67316 (wfb::industry macau textiles );; line 67316 (wfb::industry macau toys-industry );; line 67316 (wfb::industry macau plastic_products );; line 67316 (wfb::industry macau furniture );; line 67316 (wfb::industry macau tourism );; line 67316 (wfb::agriculture macau "rice, vegetables; food shortages - rice, vegetables, meat; depends mostly on imports for food requirements" );; line 67320 (wfb::economic_aid macau "none" );; line 67325 (wfb::abbreviation pataca "P" );; line 67329 (wfb::currency macau pataca 100 avos );; line 67329 (wfb::exchange_rates macau "patacas (P) per US$1 - 8.034 (1991-94), 8.024 (1990), 8.030 (1989); note - linked to the Hong Kong dollar at the rate of 1.03 patacas per Hong Kong dollar" );; line 67333 (wfb::fiscal_year macau date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 67339 (wfb::railroads macau "0 km" );; line 67344 (wfb::highways macau total (* 42 km) );; line 67349 (wfb::highways macau paved (* 42 km) );; line 67351 (wfb::port macau macau-macau );; line 67355 (wfb::merchant_marine macau "none" );; line 67359 (wfb::telephone_system macau "52,000 telephones; fairly modern communication facilities maintained for domestic and international services" );; line 67368 (wfb::telephone_system macau local "NA" );; line 67371 (wfb::telephone_system macau intercity "NA" );; line 67373 (wfb::telephone_system macau international "high-frequency radio communication facility; access to international communications carriers provided via Hong Kong and China; 1 INTELSAT (Indian Ocean) earth station" );; line 67375 (wfb::radio macau broadcast_stations am 4 );; line 67382 (wfb::radio macau broadcast_stations fm 3 );; line 67382 (wfb::radio macau broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 67382 (wfb::radio macau radios 115000 );; line 67384 (wfb::television macau televisions n/a );; line 67391 (wfb::manpower_availability macau "males age 15-49 141,160; males fit for military service 78,578 (1995 est.)" );; line 67401 (wfb::note macau "defense is responsibility of Portugal" );; line 67406 (wfb::markup-parameter figure |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| "graphno=\"mk.tif\"" );; line 67412 (wfb::location |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| "Southeastern Europe, north of Greece" );; line 67416 (wfb::map_references |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| "Ethnic Groups in Eastern Europe, Europe" );; line 67420 (wfb::area |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| total_area (* 25333 sq_km) );; line 67425 (wfb::area |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| land_area (* 24856 sq_km) );; line 67427 (wfb::area |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| comparative_area "slightly larger than Vermont" );; line 67429 (wfb::comment land_boundaries |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| "all with Serbia" );; line 67433 (wfb::borders |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| total (* 748 km) );; line 67433 (wfb::borders |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| albania (* 151 km) );; line 67433 (wfb::borders |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| bulgaria (* 148 km) );; line 67433 (wfb::borders |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| greece (* 228 km) );; line 67433 (wfb::borders |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| serbia_and_montenegro (* 221 km) );; line 67433 (wfb::comment coastline |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| "landlocked" );; line 67438 (wfb::coastline |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| (* 0 km) );; line 67438 (wfb::maritime_claims |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| "none; landlocked" );; line 67442 (wfb::international_disputes |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| "dispute with Greece over name, symbols, and certain constitutional provisions" );; line 67446 (wfb::climate |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| "hot, dry summers and autumns and relatively cold winters with heavy snowfall" );; line 67451 (wfb::terrain |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| "mountainous territory covered with deep basins and valleys" );; line 67456 (wfb::terrain |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| "there are three large lakes, each divided by a frontier line" );; line 67456 (wfb::terrain |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| "country bisected by the Vardar River" );; line 67456 (wfb::natural-resource |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| chromium );; line 67462 (wfb::natural-resource |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| lead );; line 67462 (wfb::natural-resource |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| zinc );; line 67462 (wfb::natural-resource |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| manganese );; line 67462 (wfb::natural-resource |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| tungsten );; line 67462 (wfb::natural-resource |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| nickel );; line 67462 (wfb::natural-resource |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| low-grade_iron_ore );; line 67462 (wfb::natural-resource |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| asbestos );; line 67462 (wfb::natural-resource |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| sulphur );; line 67462 (wfb::natural-resource |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| timber );; line 67462 (wfb::land_use |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| arable_land (* 5 %) );; line 67468 (wfb::land_use |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| permanent_crops (* 5 %) );; line 67470 (wfb::land_use |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| meadows_and_pastures (* 20 %) );; line 67472 (wfb::land_use |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| forest_and_woodland (* 30 %) );; line 67474 (wfb::land_use |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| other (* 40 %) );; line 67476 (wfb::irrigated_land |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| (* n/a sq_km) );; line 67480 (wfb::environment |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| current_issues "air pollution from metallurgical plants" );; line 67485 (wfb::environment |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| natural_hazards "high seismic risks" );; line 67487 (wfb::environment |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| international_agreements "party to - Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection" );; line 67489 (wfb::note |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| "landlocked; major transportation corridor from Western and Central Europe to Aegean Sea and Southern Europe to Western Europe" );; line 67493 (wfb::estimation-date population |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| date_jul_1995 );; line 67500 (wfb::population |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| 2159503 );; line 67500 (wfb::comment population |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| "the Macedonian government census of July 1994 put the population at 1.94 million, but ethnic allocations were likely undercounted" );; line 67502 (wfb::age_structure |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| 0-14_years (* 25 %) );; line 67508 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| 0-14_years female 257876 );; line 67508 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| 0-14_years male 277314 );; line 67508 (wfb::age_structure |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| 15-64_years (* 67 %) );; line 67510 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| 15-64_years female 711810 );; line 67510 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| 15-64_years male 733903 );; line 67510 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 67512 (wfb::age_structure |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| 65_years_and_over (* 8 %) );; line 67512 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| 65_years_and_over female 97475 );; line 67512 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| 65_years_and_over male 81125 );; line 67512 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| date_1995 );; line 67516 (wfb::population_growth_rate |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| (* 0.9 %) );; line 67516 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| date_1995 );; line 67520 (wfb::birth_rate |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| (* 15.82 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 67520 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| date_1995 );; line 67524 (wfb::death_rate |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| (* 6.7 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 67524 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| date_1995 );; line 67528 (wfb::net_migration_rate |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| (* -0.14 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 67528 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| date_1995 );; line 67532 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| (* 24.2 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 67532 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| total_population (* 74 years) );; line 67537 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| male (* 71.87 years) );; line 67539 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| female date_1995 );; line 67541 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| female (* 76.3 years) );; line 67541 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| date_1995 );; line 67545 (wfb::total_fertility_rate |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| (* 2.02 children_born/woman) );; line 67545 (wfb::nationality |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| noun "Macedonian(s)" );; line 67550 (wfb::nationality |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| adjective "Macedonian" );; line 67552 (wfb::ethnic-entity |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| macedonian (* 65 %) );; line 67556 (wfb::ethnic-entity |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| albanian (* 22 %) );; line 67556 (wfb::ethnic-entity |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| turkish-ethnic-entity (* 4 %) );; line 67556 (wfb::ethnic-entity |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| serb (* 2 %) );; line 67556 (wfb::ethnic-entity |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| gypsies (* 3 %) );; line 67556 (wfb::religion |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| eastern_orthodox (* 67 %) );; line 67561 (wfb::religion |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| muslim (* 30 %) );; line 67561 (wfb::language |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| macedonian-language-group (* 70 %) );; line 67565 (wfb::language |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| albanian-language-group (* 21 %) );; line 67565 (wfb::language |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| turkish (* 3 %) );; line 67565 (wfb::language |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| serbo-croatian (* 3 %) );; line 67565 (wfb::literacy-condition |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| "NA%" );; line 67570 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| date_jun_1994 );; line 67574 (wfb::total_labor_force |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| 591773 );; line 67574 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| by_occupation date_1992 );; line 67576 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1992 );; line 67576 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| manufacturing_and_mining (* 40 %) );; line 67576 (wfb::names |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| conventional_long_form "The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia" );; line 67582 (wfb::names |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| local_long_form "Republika Makedonija" );; line 67586 (wfb::names |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| local_short_form "Makedonija" );; line 67588 (wfb::abbreviation |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| "F.Y.R.O.M." );; line 67592 (wfb::digraph |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| "MK" );; line 67596 (wfb::type |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| "emerging democracy" );; line 67600 (wfb::capital |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| |Skopje-Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| );; line 67604 (wfb::independence |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| date_17_sep_1991 "Yugoslavia" );; line 67617 (wfb::constitution |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| "adopted 17 November 1991, effective 20 November 1991" );; line 67625 (wfb::legal_system |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| "based on civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts" );; line 67629 (wfb::comment suffrage |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| " universal" );; line 67633 (wfb::suffrage |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 67633 (wfb::comment executive_branch |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| chief_of_state "election last held 16 October 1994 (next to be held NA 1997)" );; line 67638 (wfb::comment executive_branch |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| chief_of_state "results - Kiro GLIGOROV was elected by the Assembly in 1991" );; line 67638 (wfb::comment executive_branch |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| chief_of_state "reelected by popular vote in 1994" );; line 67638 (wfb::executive_branch |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| chief_of_state "President Kiro GLIGOROV " date_27_jan_1991 );; line 67638 (wfb::executive_branch |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| head_of_government "Prime Minister Branko CRVENKOVSKI " date_4_sep_1992 );; line 67642 (wfb::comment executive_branch |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| cabinet "elected by the majority vote of all the deputies in the Sobranje" );; line 67644 (wfb::executive_branch |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 67644 (wfb::legislative_structure |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| unicameral n/a );; line 67649 (wfb::legislative_branch |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| "Assembly (Sobranje)" "elections last held 16 and 30 October 1994 (next to be held November 1998); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (120 total) seats by party NA" );; line 67651 (wfb::judicial_branch |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| "Constitutional Court, Judicial Court of the Republic" );; line 67657 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| "Social-Democratic Alliance of Macedonia (SDSM; former Communist Party), Branko CRVENKOVSKI, president; Party for Democratic Prosperity (PDP); note - two factions competing for party name; one faction is led by Abdurahman HALITI and the other faction is led by Arber XHAFFERI; National Democratic Party (NDP), Ilijas HALINI, president; Alliance of Reform Forces of Macedonia - Liberal Party (SRSM-LP), Stojan ANDOV, president; Socialist Party of Macedonia (SPM), Kiro POPOVSKI, president; Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization - Democratic Party for Macedonian National Unity (VMRO-DPMNE), Ljupco GEORGIEVSKI, president; Party of Yugoslavs in Macedonia (SJM), Milan DURCINOV, president; Democratic Party (DP), Petar GOSEV, president" );; line 67661 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| "Movement for All Macedonian Action (MAAK); Democratic Party of Serbs; Democratic Party of Turks; Party for Democratic Action (Slavic Muslim)" );; line 67674 (wfb::member_of |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| ccc );; line 67679 (wfb::member_of |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| ce );; line 67679 (wfb::comment member_of |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| ce "guest" );; line 67679 (wfb::member_of |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| cei );; line 67679 (wfb::member_of |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| ebrd );; line 67679 (wfb::member_of |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| ece );; line 67679 (wfb::member_of |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| iaea );; line 67679 (wfb::member_of |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| ibrd );; line 67679 (wfb::member_of |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| icao );; line 67679 (wfb::member_of |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| ida );; line 67679 (wfb::member_of |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| ifad );; line 67679 (wfb::member_of |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| ifc );; line 67679 (wfb::member_of |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| ilo );; line 67679 (wfb::member_of |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| imf );; line 67679 (wfb::member_of |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| imo );; line 67679 (wfb::member_of |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| intelsat );; line 67679 (wfb::comment member_of |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 67679 (wfb::member_of |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| interpol );; line 67679 (wfb::member_of |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| ioc );; line 67679 (wfb::member_of |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| itu );; line 67679 (wfb::member_of |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| osce );; line 67679 (wfb::comment member_of |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| osce "observer" );; line 67679 (wfb::member_of |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| un );; line 67679 (wfb::member_of |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| unctad );; line 67679 (wfb::member_of |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| unesco );; line 67679 (wfb::member_of |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| unido );; line 67679 (wfb::member_of |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| upu );; line 67679 (wfb::member_of |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| who );; line 67679 (wfb::member_of |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| wipo );; line 67679 (wfb::member_of |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| wmo );; line 67679 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| "the US recognized The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia on 8 February 1994" );; line 67685 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| chief_of_mission "Victor D. COMRAS" );; line 67691 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| liaison_office "ul. 27 Mart No. 5, 9100 Skopje" );; line 67693 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| mailing_address "USLO Skopje, Department of State, Washington, DC 20521-7120 (pouch)" );; line 67695 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| telephone "[389] (91) 116-180" );; line 67698 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| fax "[389] (91) 117-103" );; line 67700 (wfb::flag |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| "16-point gold sun (Vergina, Sun) centered on a red field" );; line 67704 (wfb::overview |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| "The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, although the poorest republic in the former Yugoslav federation, can meet basic food and energy needs through its own agricultural and coal resources. Its economic decline will continue unless ties are reforged or enlarged with its neighbors Serbia and Montenegro, Albania, Greece, and Bulgaria. The economy depends on outside sources for all of its oil and gas and most of its modern machinery and parts. An important supplement of GDP is the remittances from thousands of Macedonians working in Germany and other West European nations. Continued political turmoil, both internally and in the region as a whole, prevents any swift readjustments of trade patterns and economic programs. The country's industrial output and GDP are expected to decline further in 1995. The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia's geographical isolation, technological backwardness, and potential political instability place it far down the list of countries of interest to Western investors. Resolution of the dispute with Greece and an internal commitment to economic reform would encourage foreign investment over the long run. In the immediate future, the worst scenario for the economy would be the spread of fighting across its borders." );; line 67709 (wfb::estimation-date national_product |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| date_1994 );; line 67729 (wfb::national_product |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| (* 1.9e9 $) );; line 67729 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| date_1994 );; line 67733 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| (* -15 %) );; line 67733 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| date_1994 );; line 67737 (wfb::national_product_per_capita |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| (* 900 $) );; line 67737 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| "54% (1994)" );; line 67741 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| date_1993 );; line 67745 (wfb::unemployment_rate |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| (* 30 %) );; line 67745 (wfb::budget |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| revenues (* n/a $) );; line 67750 (wfb::budget |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 67752 (wfb::budget |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 67752 (wfb::measurement-date exports |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| date_1993 );; line 67756 (wfb::exports |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| (* 1.06e9 $) );; line 67756 (wfb::measurement-date exports |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| date_1990 );; line 67758 (wfb::exports |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| commodities manufactured_goods (* 40 %) );; line 67758 (wfb::exports |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| commodities machinery_and_transport_equipment (* 14 %) );; line 67758 (wfb::exports |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| commodities miscellaneous_manufactured_articles (* 23 %) );; line 67758 (wfb::exports |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| commodities raw_materials (* 7.6 %) );; line 67758 (wfb::exports |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| commodities |food (rice) and live animals| (* 5.7 %) );; line 67758 (wfb::exports |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| commodities beverages_and_tobacco (* 4.5 %) );; line 67758 (wfb::exports |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| commodities chemicals-commodity (* 4.7 %) );; line 67758 (wfb::measurement-date imports |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| date_1993 );; line 67767 (wfb::imports |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| (* 1.2e9 $) );; line 67767 (wfb::measurement-date imports |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| date_1990 );; line 67769 (wfb::imports |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| commodities fuels_and_lubricants (* 19 %) );; line 67769 (wfb::imports |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| commodities manufactured_goods (* 18 %) );; line 67769 (wfb::imports |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| commodities machinery_and_transport_equipment (* 15 %) );; line 67769 (wfb::imports |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| commodities food_and_live_animals (* 14 %) );; line 67769 (wfb::imports |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| commodities chemicals-commodity (* 11.4 %) );; line 67769 (wfb::imports |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| commodities raw_materials (* 10 %) );; line 67769 (wfb::imports |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| commodities miscellaneous_manufactured_articles (* 8.0 %) );; line 67769 (wfb::imports |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| commodities beverages_and_tobacco (* 3.5 %) );; line 67769 (wfb::imports |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| partners greece n/a );; line 67774 (wfb::imports |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| partners albania n/a );; line 67774 (wfb::imports |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| partners germany n/a );; line 67774 (wfb::imports |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| partners bulgaria n/a );; line 67774 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| date_1992 );; line 67779 (wfb::external_debt |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| (* 840e6 $) );; line 67779 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 67783 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| date_1993 );; line 67783 (wfb::industrial_production |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| growth_rate (* -14 %) );; line 67783 (wfb::electricity |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| capacity (* 1600000 kw) );; line 67788 (wfb::electricity |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| production (* n/a kwh) );; line 67790 (wfb::measurement-date electricity |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 67792 (wfb::electricity |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| consumption_per_capita (* n/a kwh) );; line 67792 (wfb::industry |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| low_levels_of_technology_predominate );; line 67796 (wfb::industry |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| such_as );; line 67796 (wfb::industry |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| oil_refining_by_distillation_only );; line 67796 (wfb::industry |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| produces_basic_liquid_fuels );; line 67796 (wfb::industry |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| coal-industry );; line 67796 (wfb::industry |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| metallic_chromium );; line 67796 (wfb::industry |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| lead-industry );; line 67796 (wfb::industry |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| zinc-industry );; line 67796 (wfb::industry |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| ferronickel-industry );; line 67796 (wfb::industry |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| light_industry_produces_basic_textiles );; line 67796 (wfb::industry |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| wood_products );; line 67796 (wfb::industry |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| tobacco-industry );; line 67796 (wfb::agriculture |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| "meets the basic needs for food; principal crops are rice, tobacco, wheat, corn, and millet; also grown are cotton, sesame, mulberry leaves, citrus fruit, and vegetables; agricultural production is highly labor intensive" );; line 67803 (wfb::illicit_drugs |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| "limited illicit opium cultivation; transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin" );; line 67810 (wfb::economic_aid |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| recipient "US $10 million (for humanitarian and technical assistance)" );; line 67816 (wfb::economic_aid |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| recipient "EC promised a 100 ECU million economic aid package (1993)" );; line 67817 (wfb::comment currency |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| "subsequently repegged to a basket of seven currencies" );; line 67821 (wfb::exchange_rates |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| "denar per US$1 - 39 (November 1994), 865 (October 1992)" );; line 67827 (wfb::fiscal_year |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 67831 (wfb::railroads |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| total "922 km" );; line 67837 (wfb::railroads |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| standard_gauge "922 km 1.435-m gauge (1994)" );; line 67839 (wfb::highways |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| total (* 10591 km) );; line 67844 (wfb::highways |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| paved (* 5091 km) );; line 67846 (wfb::measurement-date highways |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| date_1991 );; line 67848 (wfb::highways |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| gravel (* 1404 km) );; line 67848 (wfb::highways |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| earth (* 4096 km) );; line 67848 (wfb::inland_waterways |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| "none, lake transport only" );; line 67852 (wfb::airports |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| total 16 );; line 67865 (wfb::airports |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 2 );; line 67867 (wfb::airports |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| with_paved_runways_under_914_m 11 );; line 67869 (wfb::airports |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 1 );; line 67871 (wfb::airports |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 2 );; line 67873 (wfb::telephone_system |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| "125,000 telephones" );; line 67878 (wfb::telephone_system |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| local "NA" );; line 67880 (wfb::telephone_system |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| intercity "NA" );; line 67882 (wfb::telephone_system |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| international "no satellite links" );; line 67884 (wfb::radio |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| broadcast_stations am 6 );; line 67889 (wfb::radio |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| broadcast_stations fm 2 );; line 67889 (wfb::radio |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 67889 (wfb::radio |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| radios 370000 );; line 67891 (wfb::comment television |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| broadcast_stations "relays 2" );; line 67896 (wfb::television |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| broadcast_stations 5 );; line 67896 (wfb::television |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| televisions 325000 );; line 67898 (wfb::defense_branch |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| |Army_Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| );; line 67904 (wfb::defense_branch |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| |Police Force_Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| );; line 67904 (wfb::manpower_availability |Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of| "males age 15-49 585,403; males fit for military service 474,467; males reach military age (19) annually 19,693 (1995 est.)" );; line 67908 (wfb::markup-parameter figure madagascar "graphno=\"ma.tif\"" );; line 67921 (wfb::location madagascar "Southern Africa, island in the Indian Ocean, east of Mozambique" );; line 67925 (wfb::map_references madagascar "Africa" );; line 67929 (wfb::area madagascar total_area (* 587040 sq_km) );; line 67934 (wfb::area madagascar land_area (* 581540 sq_km) );; line 67936 (wfb::area madagascar comparative_area "slightly less than twice the size of Arizona" );; line 67938 (wfb::coastline madagascar (* 4828 km) );; line 67946 (wfb::maritime_claims madagascar contiguous_zone (* 24 nm) );; line 67951 (wfb::maritime_claims madagascar exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 67955 (wfb::maritime_claims madagascar territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 67957 (wfb::international_disputes madagascar "claims Bassas da India, Europa Island, Glorioso Islands, Juan de Nova Island, and Tromelin Island (all administered by France)" );; line 67961 (wfb::climate madagascar "tropical along coast, temperate inland, arid in south" );; line 67966 (wfb::terrain madagascar "narrow coastal plain, high plateau and mountains in center" );; line 67970 (wfb::natural-resource madagascar graphite );; line 67974 (wfb::natural-resource madagascar chromite );; line 67974 (wfb::natural-resource madagascar coal );; line 67974 (wfb::natural-resource madagascar bauxite );; line 67974 (wfb::natural-resource madagascar salt );; line 67974 (wfb::natural-resource madagascar quartz );; line 67974 (wfb::natural-resource madagascar tar_sands );; line 67974 (wfb::natural-resource madagascar semiprecious_stones );; line 67974 (wfb::natural-resource madagascar mica );; line 67974 (wfb::natural-resource madagascar fish );; line 67974 (wfb::land_use madagascar arable_land (* 4 %) );; line 67980 (wfb::land_use madagascar permanent_crops (* 1 %) );; line 67982 (wfb::land_use madagascar meadows_and_pastures (* 58 %) );; line 67984 (wfb::land_use madagascar forest_and_woodland (* 26 %) );; line 67986 (wfb::land_use madagascar other (* 11 %) );; line 67988 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land madagascar date_1989 );; line 67992 (wfb::irrigated_land madagascar (* 9000 sq_km) );; line 67992 (wfb::environment madagascar current_issues "soil erosion results from deforestation and overgrazing" );; line 67997 (wfb::environment madagascar current_issues "desertification" );; line 67997 (wfb::environment madagascar current_issues "surface water contaminated with raw sewage and other organic wastes" );; line 67997 (wfb::environment madagascar current_issues "several species of flora and fauna unique to the island are endangered" );; line 67997 (wfb::environment madagascar natural_hazards "periodic cyclones" );; line 68001 (wfb::environment madagascar international_agreements "party to - Endangered Species, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban" );; line 68003 (wfb::environment madagascar international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Law of the Sea" );; line 68003 (wfb::note madagascar "world's fourth-largest island; strategic location along Mozambique Channel" );; line 68009 (wfb::estimation-date population madagascar date_jul_1995 );; line 68016 (wfb::population madagascar 13862325 );; line 68016 (wfb::age_structure madagascar 0-14_years (* 47 %) );; line 68021 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex madagascar 0-14_years female 3231647 );; line 68021 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex madagascar 0-14_years male 3265715 );; line 68021 (wfb::age_structure madagascar 15-64_years (* 50 %) );; line 68023 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex madagascar 15-64_years female 3511699 );; line 68023 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex madagascar 15-64_years male 3413564 );; line 68023 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure madagascar 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 68025 (wfb::age_structure madagascar 65_years_and_over (* 3 %) );; line 68025 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex madagascar 65_years_and_over female 225205 );; line 68025 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex madagascar 65_years_and_over male 214495 );; line 68025 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate madagascar date_1995 );; line 68029 (wfb::population_growth_rate madagascar (* 3.18 %) );; line 68029 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate madagascar date_1995 );; line 68033 (wfb::birth_rate madagascar (* 44.82 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 68033 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate madagascar date_1995 );; line 68037 (wfb::death_rate madagascar (* 12.99 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 68037 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate madagascar date_1995 );; line 68041 (wfb::net_migration_rate madagascar (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 68041 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate madagascar date_1995 );; line 68045 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate madagascar (* 86.9 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 68045 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth madagascar total_population (* 54.45 years) );; line 68050 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth madagascar male (* 52.47 years) );; line 68052 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth madagascar female date_1995 );; line 68054 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth madagascar female (* 56.48 years) );; line 68054 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate madagascar date_1995 );; line 68058 (wfb::total_fertility_rate madagascar (* 6.62 children_born/woman) );; line 68058 (wfb::nationality madagascar noun "Malagasy (singular and plural)" );; line 68063 (wfb::nationality madagascar adjective "Malagasy" );; line 68065 (wfb::ethnic-entity madagascar malayo-indonesian n/a );; line 68069 (wfb::ethnic-entity madagascar cotiers n/a );; line 68069 (wfb::ethnic-entity madagascar french-ethnic-entity n/a );; line 68069 (wfb::ethnic-entity madagascar indian n/a );; line 68069 (wfb::ethnic-entity madagascar creole-ethnic-entity n/a );; line 68069 (wfb::ethnic-entity madagascar comoran-ethnic-entity n/a );; line 68069 (wfb::religion madagascar indigenous_beliefs (* 52 %) );; line 68075 (wfb::religion madagascar christian (* 41 %) );; line 68075 (wfb::religion madagascar muslim (* 7 %) );; line 68075 (wfb::language madagascar french n/a );; line 68079 (wfb::comment language madagascar french "official" );; line 68079 (wfb::language madagascar malagasy n/a );; line 68079 (wfb::comment language madagascar malagasy "official" );; line 68079 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition madagascar date_1990 );; line 68083 (wfb::literacy-condition madagascar "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 68083 (wfb::literacy madagascar total_population (* 80 %) );; line 68085 (wfb::literacy madagascar male (* 88 %) );; line 68087 (wfb::literacy madagascar female (* 73 %) );; line 68089 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force madagascar wage_earners_by_occupation date_1985 );; line 68101 (wfb::names madagascar conventional_long_form "Republic of Madagascar" );; line 68109 (wfb::names madagascar conventional_short_form "Madagascar" );; line 68111 (wfb::names madagascar local_long_form "Republique de Madagascar" );; line 68113 (wfb::names madagascar local_short_form "Madagascar" );; line 68115 (wfb::names madagascar former "Malagasy Republic" );; line 68117 (wfb::digraph madagascar "MA" );; line 68121 (wfb::type madagascar "republic" );; line 68125 (wfb::capital madagascar antananarivo-madagascar );; line 68129 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_madagascar_provinces "provinces" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 68133 (wfb::administrative_divisions madagascar adm_div_madagascar_provinces 6 );; line 68133 (wfb::administrative_division_of madagascar adm_div_madagascar_provinces "Antananarivo" );; line 68133 (wfb::administrative_division_of madagascar adm_div_madagascar_provinces "Antsiranana" );; line 68133 (wfb::administrative_division_of madagascar adm_div_madagascar_provinces "Fianarantsoa" );; line 68133 (wfb::administrative_division_of madagascar adm_div_madagascar_provinces "Mahajanga" );; line 68133 (wfb::administrative_division_of madagascar adm_div_madagascar_provinces "Toamasina" );; line 68133 (wfb::administrative_division_of madagascar adm_div_madagascar_provinces "Toliary" );; line 68133 (wfb::independence madagascar date_26_jun_1960 "France" );; line 68138 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1960 );; line 68142 (wfb::comment national_holiday madagascar "1960" );; line 68142 (wfb::national_holiday madagascar "Independence Day" date_26_jun );; line 68142 (wfb::constitution madagascar "19 August 1992 by national referendum" );; line 68146 (wfb::legal_system madagascar "based on French civil law system and traditional Malagasy law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 68150 (wfb::comment suffrage madagascar " universal" );; line 68155 (wfb::suffrage madagascar (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 68155 (wfb::comment executive_branch madagascar chief_of_state "election last held on 10 February 1993 (next to be held 1998)" );; line 68160 (wfb::comment executive_branch madagascar chief_of_state "results - Albert ZAFY (UNDD), 67%" );; line 68160 (wfb::comment executive_branch madagascar chief_of_state "Didier RATSIRAKA (AREMA), 33%" );; line 68160 (wfb::executive_branch madagascar chief_of_state "President Albert ZAFY " date_9_mar_1993 );; line 68160 (wfb::executive_branch madagascar head_of_government "Prime Minister Francisque RAVONY " date_9_aug_1993 );; line 68164 (wfb::comment executive_branch madagascar cabinet "appointed by the prime minister" );; line 68166 (wfb::executive_branch madagascar cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 68166 (wfb::legislative_structure madagascar bicameral "Parliament" );; line 68170 (wfb::legislative_branch madagascar "Senate (Senat)" "two-thirds of upper house seats are to be filled from popularly elected regional assemblies; the remaining third is to be filled by presidential appointment; decentralization and formation of regional assemblies is not expected before 1997" );; line 68172 (wfb::legislative_branch madagascar "National Assembly (Assemblee Nationale)" "elections last held on 16 June 1993 (next to be held June 1997); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (138 total) CFV coalition 76, PMDM/MFM 16, CSCD 11, Famima 10, RPSD 7, various pro-Ratsiraka groups 10, others 8" );; line 68177 (wfb::judicial_branch madagascar "Supreme Court (Cour Supreme), High Constitutional Court (Haute Cour Constitutionnelle)" );; line 68184 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders madagascar "Committee of Living Forces (CFV), an alliance of National Union for Development and Democracy (UNDD), Support Group for Democracy and Development in Madagascar (CSDDM), Action and Reflection Group for the Development of Madagascar (GRAD), Congress Party for Madagascar Independence - Renewal (AKFM-Fanavaozana), and some 12 other parties, trade unions, and religious groups; Militant Party for the Development of Madagascar (PMDM/MFM), formerly the Movement for Proletarian Power, Manandafy RAKOTONIRINA; Confederation of Civil Societies for Development (CSCD), Guy Willy RAZANAMASY; Association of United Malagasys (Famima); Rally for Social Democracy (RPSD), Pierre TSIRANANA" );; line 68189 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups madagascar "National Council of Christian Churches (FFKM); Federalist Movement" );; line 68201 (wfb::member_of madagascar acct );; line 68206 (wfb::member_of madagascar acp );; line 68206 (wfb::member_of madagascar afdb );; line 68206 (wfb::member_of madagascar ccc );; line 68206 (wfb::member_of madagascar eca );; line 68206 (wfb::member_of madagascar fao );; line 68206 (wfb::member_of madagascar g-77 );; line 68206 (wfb::member_of madagascar gatt );; line 68206 (wfb::member_of madagascar iaea );; line 68206 (wfb::member_of madagascar ibrd );; line 68206 (wfb::member_of madagascar icao );; line 68206 (wfb::member_of madagascar icc );; line 68206 (wfb::member_of madagascar icftu );; line 68206 (wfb::member_of madagascar icrm );; line 68206 (wfb::member_of madagascar ida );; line 68206 (wfb::member_of madagascar ifad );; line 68206 (wfb::member_of madagascar ifc );; line 68206 (wfb::member_of madagascar ifrcs );; line 68206 (wfb::member_of madagascar ilo );; line 68206 (wfb::member_of madagascar imf );; line 68206 (wfb::member_of madagascar imo );; line 68206 (wfb::member_of madagascar intelsat );; line 68206 (wfb::member_of madagascar interpol );; line 68206 (wfb::member_of madagascar ioc );; line 68206 (wfb::member_of madagascar itu );; line 68206 (wfb::member_of madagascar nam );; line 68206 (wfb::member_of madagascar oau );; line 68206 (wfb::member_of madagascar un );; line 68206 (wfb::member_of madagascar unctad );; line 68206 (wfb::member_of madagascar unesco );; line 68206 (wfb::member_of madagascar unhcr );; line 68206 (wfb::member_of madagascar unido );; line 68206 (wfb::member_of madagascar unmih );; line 68206 (wfb::member_of madagascar upu );; line 68206 (wfb::member_of madagascar wcl );; line 68206 (wfb::member_of madagascar wftu );; line 68206 (wfb::member_of madagascar who );; line 68206 (wfb::member_of madagascar wipo );; line 68206 (wfb::member_of madagascar wmo );; line 68206 (wfb::member_of madagascar wto );; line 68206 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us madagascar chief_of_mission "Ambassador Pierrot Jocelyn RAJAONARIVELO" );; line 68214 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us madagascar chancery "2374 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 68216 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us madagascar telephone "[1] (202) 265-5525, 5526" );; line 68218 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us madagascar |consulate(s) general| "New York" );; line 68220 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation madagascar chief_of_mission "Ambassador Dennis P. BARRETT" );; line 68225 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation madagascar embassy "14-16 Rue Rainitovo, Antsahavola, Antananarivo" );; line 68227 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation madagascar mailing_address "B. P. 620, Antananarivo" );; line 68229 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation madagascar telephone "[261] (2) 212-57, 200-89, 207-18" );; line 68231 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation madagascar fax "[261] (2) 345-39" );; line 68233 (wfb::flag madagascar "two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and green with a vertical white band of the same width on hoist side" );; line 68237 (wfb::overview madagascar "Madagascar is one of the poorest countries in the world, suffering from chronic malnutrition, underfunded health and education facilities, a 3% annual population growth rate, and severe loss of forest cover, accompanied by erosion. Agriculture, including fishing and forestry, is the mainstay of the economy, accounting for over 30% of GDP and contributing more than 70% of total export earnings. Industry is largely confined to the processing of agricultural products and textile manufacturing; in 1991 it accounted for only 13% of GDP. In 1986 the government introduced a five-year development plan that stressed self-sufficiency in food (mainly rice) by 1990, increased production for exports, and reduced energy imports. Subsequently, growth in output has been held back because of protracted antigovernment strikes and demonstrations for political reform. Since 1993, corruption and political instability have caused the economy and infrastructure to decay further. Since April 1994, the government commitment to economic reforms has been erratic. Enormous obstacles stand in the way of Madagascar's realizing its considerable growth potential." );; line 68243 (wfb::estimation-date national_product madagascar date_1994 );; line 68262 (wfb::national_product madagascar (* 10.6e9 $) );; line 68262 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate madagascar date_1994 );; line 68266 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate madagascar (* 2.8 %) );; line 68266 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita madagascar date_1994 );; line 68270 (wfb::national_product_per_capita madagascar (* 790 $) );; line 68270 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| madagascar "35% (1994 est.)" );; line 68274 (wfb::unemployment_rate madagascar (* n/a %) );; line 68278 (wfb::budget madagascar revenues (* 250e6 $) );; line 68283 (wfb::estimation-date budget madagascar date_1991 );; line 68285 (wfb::budget madagascar expenditures (* 265e6 $) );; line 68285 (wfb::budget madagascar capital_expenditures (* 180e6 $) );; line 68285 (wfb::exports madagascar (* 240e6 $) );; line 68290 (wfb::exports madagascar commodities coffee (* 45 %) );; line 68292 (wfb::exports madagascar commodities vanilla (* 20 %) );; line 68292 (wfb::exports madagascar commodities cloves (* 11 %) );; line 68292 (wfb::exports madagascar commodities shellfish n/a );; line 68292 (wfb::exports madagascar commodities sugar-commodity n/a );; line 68292 (wfb::exports madagascar commodities petroleum_products-commodity n/a );; line 68292 (wfb::exports madagascar partners france n/a );; line 68295 (wfb::exports madagascar partners us n/a );; line 68295 (wfb::exports madagascar partners germany n/a );; line 68295 (wfb::exports madagascar partners japan n/a );; line 68295 (wfb::exports madagascar partners russia n/a );; line 68295 (wfb::imports madagascar (* 510e6 $) );; line 68299 (wfb::imports madagascar commodities intermediate_manufactures (* 30 %) );; line 68301 (wfb::imports madagascar commodities capital_goods (* 28 %) );; line 68301 (wfb::imports madagascar commodities petroleum-commodity (* 15 %) );; line 68301 (wfb::imports madagascar commodities consumer_goods (* 14 %) );; line 68301 (wfb::imports madagascar commodities food (* 13 %) );; line 68301 (wfb::imports madagascar partners france n/a );; line 68304 (wfb::imports madagascar partners germany n/a );; line 68304 (wfb::imports madagascar partners japan n/a );; line 68304 (wfb::imports madagascar partners uk n/a );; line 68304 (wfb::imports madagascar partners italy n/a );; line 68304 (wfb::imports madagascar partners netherlands n/a );; line 68304 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt madagascar date_1993 );; line 68308 (wfb::external_debt madagascar (* 4.3e9 $) );; line 68308 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 68312 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production madagascar date_1993 );; line 68312 (wfb::industrial_production madagascar growth_rate (* 3.8 %) );; line 68312 (wfb::industrial_production madagascar accounts_for (* 13 %_of_gdp) );; line 68312 (wfb::electricity madagascar capacity (* 220000 kw) );; line 68317 (wfb::electricity madagascar production (* 560e6 kwh) );; line 68319 (wfb::measurement-date electricity madagascar consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 68321 (wfb::electricity madagascar consumption_per_capita (* 40 kwh) );; line 68321 (wfb::industry madagascar |agricultural processing (meat canneries, soap factories, breweries, tanneries, sugar refining plants)| );; line 68325 (wfb::industry madagascar |light consumer goods industries (textiles, glassware)| );; line 68325 (wfb::industry madagascar cement );; line 68325 (wfb::industry madagascar automobile_assembly_plant );; line 68325 (wfb::industry madagascar paper );; line 68325 (wfb::industry madagascar petroleum-industry );; line 68325 (wfb::agriculture madagascar "accounts for 31% of GDP; cash crops - coffee, vanilla, sugarcane, cloves, cocoa; food crops - rice, cassava, beans, bananas, peanuts; cattle raising widespread; almost self-sufficient in rice" );; line 68331 (wfb::illicit_drugs madagascar "illicit producer of cannabis (cultivated and wild varieties) used mostly for domestic consumption" );; line 68337 (wfb::economic_aid madagascar recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $136 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $3.125 billion; Communist countries (1970-89), $491 million" );; line 68343 (wfb::abbreviation malagasy_franc "FMG" );; line 68349 (wfb::currency madagascar malagasy_franc 100 centimes );; line 68349 (wfb::exchange_rates madagascar "Malagasy francs (FMG) per US$1 - 3,718.0 (November 1994), 1,913.8 (1993), 1,864.0 (1992), 1,835.4 (1991), 1,454.6 (December 1990)" );; line 68353 (wfb::fiscal_year madagascar date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 68358 (wfb::railroads madagascar total "1,020 km" );; line 68364 (wfb::railroads madagascar narrow_gauge "1,020 km 1.000-m gauge" );; line 68366 (wfb::highways madagascar total (* 40000 km) );; line 68371 (wfb::highways madagascar paved (* 4694 km) );; line 68373 (wfb::comment highways madagascar unpaved "est." );; line 68375 (wfb::highways madagascar (union gravel crushed_stone stabilized_earth ) (* 811 km) );; line 68375 (wfb::inland_waterways madagascar "of local importance only; isolated streams and small portions of Canal des Pangalanes" );; line 68380 (wfb::port madagascar antsiranana-madagascar );; line 68385 (wfb::port madagascar mahajanga-madagascar );; line 68385 (wfb::port madagascar port_saint-louis-madagascar );; line 68385 (wfb::port madagascar toamasina-madagascar );; line 68385 (wfb::port madagascar toliaria-madagascar );; line 68385 (wfb::merchant_marine madagascar total "10 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 20,261 GRT/28,193 DWT" );; line 68390 (wfb::merchant_marine madagascar ships_by_type "cargo 5, chemical tanker 1, liquefied gas tanker 1, oil tanker 1, roll-on/roll-off cargo 2" );; line 68392 (wfb::airports madagascar total 138 );; line 68398 (wfb::airports madagascar |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 68400 (wfb::airports madagascar |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 2 );; line 68402 (wfb::airports madagascar |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 3 );; line 68404 (wfb::airports madagascar |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 21 );; line 68406 (wfb::airports madagascar with_paved_runways_under_914_m 42 );; line 68408 (wfb::airports madagascar |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 5 );; line 68410 (wfb::airports madagascar |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 64 );; line 68412 (wfb::telephone_system madagascar "NA telephones; above average system" );; line 68417 (wfb::telephone_system madagascar local "NA" );; line 68419 (wfb::telephone_system madagascar intercity "open-wire lines, coaxial cables, microwave radio relay, and tropospheric scatter links" );; line 68421 (wfb::telephone_system madagascar international "submarine cable to Bahrain; 1 earth station for Indian Ocean INTELSAT" );; line 68424 (wfb::radio madagascar broadcast_stations am 17 );; line 68430 (wfb::radio madagascar broadcast_stations fm 3 );; line 68430 (wfb::radio madagascar broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 68430 (wfb::radio madagascar radios n/a );; line 68432 (wfb::comment television madagascar broadcast_stations "repeaters 36" );; line 68437 (wfb::television madagascar broadcast_stations 1 );; line 68437 (wfb::television madagascar televisions n/a );; line 68439 (wfb::comment defense_branch madagascar popular_armed_forces_madagascar "includes Intervention Forces, Development Forces, Aeronaval Forces - includes Navy and Air Force" );; line 68445 (wfb::defense_branch madagascar popular_armed_forces_madagascar );; line 68445 (wfb::defense_branch madagascar gendarmerie_madagascar );; line 68445 (wfb::defense_branch madagascar presidential_security_regiment_madagascar );; line 68445 (wfb::manpower_availability madagascar "males age 15-49 3,027,156; males fit for military service 1,800,127; males reach military age (20) annually 130,071 (1995 est.)" );; line 68451 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures madagascar date_1991 );; line 68456 (wfb::defense_expenditures madagascar (* 35e6 $) );; line 68456 (wfb::defense_expenditures madagascar (* 1.3 %_of_gdp) );; line 68456 (wfb::markup-parameter figure malawi "graphno=\"mi.tif\"" );; line 68462 (wfb::location malawi "Southern Africa, east of Zambia" );; line 68466 (wfb::map_references malawi "Africa" );; line 68470 (wfb::area malawi total_area (* 118480 sq_km) );; line 68475 (wfb::area malawi land_area (* 94080 sq_km) );; line 68477 (wfb::area malawi comparative_area "slightly larger than Pennsylvania" );; line 68479 (wfb::borders malawi total (* 2881 km) );; line 68483 (wfb::borders malawi mozambique (* 1569 km) );; line 68483 (wfb::borders malawi tanzania (* 475 km) );; line 68483 (wfb::borders malawi zambia (* 837 km) );; line 68483 (wfb::comment coastline malawi "landlocked" );; line 68488 (wfb::coastline malawi (* 0 km) );; line 68488 (wfb::maritime_claims malawi "none; landlocked" );; line 68492 (wfb::international_disputes malawi "dispute with Tanzania over the boundary in Lake Nyasa (Lake Malawi)" );; line 68496 (wfb::climate malawi "tropical" );; line 68501 (wfb::climate malawi "rainy season (November to May)" );; line 68501 (wfb::climate malawi "dry season (May to November)" );; line 68501 (wfb::terrain malawi "narrow elongated plateau with rolling plains, rounded hills, some mountains" );; line 68506 (wfb::natural-resource malawi limestone );; line 68511 (wfb::natural-resource malawi unexploited_deposits_of_uranium );; line 68511 (wfb::natural-resource malawi coal );; line 68511 (wfb::natural-resource malawi bauxite );; line 68511 (wfb::land_use malawi arable_land (* 25 %) );; line 68516 (wfb::land_use malawi permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 68518 (wfb::land_use malawi meadows_and_pastures (* 20 %) );; line 68520 (wfb::land_use malawi forest_and_woodland (* 50 %) );; line 68522 (wfb::land_use malawi other (* 5 %) );; line 68524 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land malawi date_1989 );; line 68528 (wfb::irrigated_land malawi (* 200 sq_km) );; line 68528 (wfb::environment malawi current_issues "deforestation" );; line 68533 (wfb::environment malawi current_issues "land degradation" );; line 68533 (wfb::environment malawi current_issues "water pollution from agricultural runoff, sewage, industrial wastes" );; line 68533 (wfb::environment malawi current_issues "siltation of spawning grounds endangers fish population" );; line 68533 (wfb::environment malawi natural_hazards "NA" );; line 68537 (wfb::environment malawi international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection" );; line 68539 (wfb::environment malawi international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Law of the Sea" );; line 68539 (wfb::note malawi "landlocked" );; line 68545 (wfb::estimation-date population malawi date_jul_1995 );; line 68551 (wfb::population malawi 9808384 );; line 68551 (wfb::age_structure malawi 0-14_years (* 48 %) );; line 68556 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex malawi 0-14_years female 2361309 );; line 68556 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex malawi 0-14_years male 2384679 );; line 68556 (wfb::age_structure malawi 15-64_years (* 49 %) );; line 68558 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex malawi 15-64_years female 2479108 );; line 68558 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex malawi 15-64_years male 2335729 );; line 68558 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure malawi 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 68560 (wfb::age_structure malawi 65_years_and_over (* 3 %) );; line 68560 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex malawi 65_years_and_over female 139632 );; line 68560 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex malawi 65_years_and_over male 107927 );; line 68560 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate malawi date_1995 );; line 68564 (wfb::population_growth_rate malawi (* 2.63 %) );; line 68564 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate malawi date_1995 );; line 68568 (wfb::birth_rate malawi (* 49.81 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 68568 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate malawi date_1995 );; line 68572 (wfb::death_rate malawi (* 23.53 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 68572 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate malawi date_1995 );; line 68576 (wfb::net_migration_rate malawi (* n/a |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 68576 (wfb::comment net_migration_rate malawi "the return of refugees to Mozambique is much reduced compared with 1994" );; line 68578 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate malawi date_1995 );; line 68583 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate malawi (* 140.2 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 68583 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth malawi total_population (* 39.01 years) );; line 68588 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth malawi male (* 38.28 years) );; line 68590 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth malawi female date_1995 );; line 68592 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth malawi female (* 39.76 years) );; line 68592 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate malawi date_1995 );; line 68596 (wfb::total_fertility_rate malawi (* 7.36 children_born/woman) );; line 68596 (wfb::nationality malawi noun "Malawian(s)" );; line 68601 (wfb::nationality malawi adjective "Malawian" );; line 68603 (wfb::ethnic-entity malawi chewa n/a );; line 68607 (wfb::ethnic-entity malawi nyanja n/a );; line 68607 (wfb::ethnic-entity malawi tumbuko n/a );; line 68607 (wfb::ethnic-entity malawi yao n/a );; line 68607 (wfb::ethnic-entity malawi lomwe n/a );; line 68607 (wfb::ethnic-entity malawi sena n/a );; line 68607 (wfb::ethnic-entity malawi tonga-ethnic-entity n/a );; line 68607 (wfb::ethnic-entity malawi ngoni n/a );; line 68607 (wfb::ethnic-entity malawi ngonde n/a );; line 68607 (wfb::ethnic-entity malawi asian n/a );; line 68607 (wfb::ethnic-entity malawi european n/a );; line 68607 (wfb::religion malawi protestant (* 55 %) );; line 68612 (wfb::religion malawi roman_catholic (* 20 %) );; line 68612 (wfb::religion malawi muslim (* 20 %) );; line 68612 (wfb::religion malawi traditional_indigenous_beliefs n/a );; line 68612 (wfb::language malawi english n/a );; line 68617 (wfb::comment language malawi english "official" );; line 68617 (wfb::language malawi chichewa n/a );; line 68617 (wfb::comment language malawi chichewa "official" );; line 68617 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition malawi date_1987 );; line 68622 (wfb::literacy-condition malawi "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 68622 (wfb::literacy malawi total_population (* 48 %) );; line 68624 (wfb::literacy malawi male (* 65 %) );; line 68626 (wfb::literacy malawi female (* 34 %) );; line 68628 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force malawi by_occupation date_1986 );; line 68634 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1986 );; line 68634 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation malawi agriculture (* 43 %) );; line 68634 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation malawi manufacturing (* 16 %) );; line 68634 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation malawi personal_services (* 15 %) );; line 68634 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation malawi commerce (* 9 %) );; line 68634 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation malawi construction (* 7 %) );; line 68634 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation malawi miscellaneous_services (* 4 %) );; line 68634 (wfb::names malawi conventional_long_form "Republic of Malawi" );; line 68642 (wfb::names malawi conventional_short_form "Malawi" );; line 68644 (wfb::names malawi former "Nyasaland" );; line 68646 (wfb::digraph malawi "MI" );; line 68650 (wfb::type malawi "multiparty democracy following a referendum on 14 June 1993; formerly a one-party republic" );; line 68654 (wfb::capital malawi lilongwe-malawi );; line 68659 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_malawi_districts "districts" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 68663 (wfb::administrative_divisions malawi adm_div_malawi_districts 24 );; line 68663 (wfb::administrative_division_of malawi adm_div_malawi_districts "Blantyre" );; line 68663 (wfb::administrative_division_of malawi adm_div_malawi_districts "Chikwawa" );; line 68663 (wfb::administrative_division_of malawi adm_div_malawi_districts "Chiradzulu" );; line 68663 (wfb::administrative_division_of malawi adm_div_malawi_districts "Chitipa" );; line 68663 (wfb::administrative_division_of malawi adm_div_malawi_districts "Dedza" );; line 68663 (wfb::administrative_division_of malawi adm_div_malawi_districts "Dowa" );; line 68663 (wfb::administrative_division_of malawi adm_div_malawi_districts "Karonga" );; line 68663 (wfb::administrative_division_of malawi adm_div_malawi_districts "Kasungu" );; line 68663 (wfb::administrative_division_of malawi adm_div_malawi_districts "Lilongwe" );; line 68663 (wfb::administrative_division_of malawi adm_div_malawi_districts "Machinga (Kasupe)" );; line 68663 (wfb::administrative_division_of malawi adm_div_malawi_districts "Mangochi" );; line 68663 (wfb::administrative_division_of malawi adm_div_malawi_districts "Mchinji" );; line 68663 (wfb::administrative_division_of malawi adm_div_malawi_districts "Mulanje" );; line 68663 (wfb::administrative_division_of malawi adm_div_malawi_districts "Mwanza" );; line 68663 (wfb::administrative_division_of malawi adm_div_malawi_districts "Mzimba" );; line 68663 (wfb::administrative_division_of malawi adm_div_malawi_districts "Ntcheu" );; line 68663 (wfb::administrative_division_of malawi adm_div_malawi_districts "Nkhata Bay" );; line 68663 (wfb::administrative_division_of malawi adm_div_malawi_districts "Nkhotakota" );; line 68663 (wfb::administrative_division_of malawi adm_div_malawi_districts "Nsanje" );; line 68663 (wfb::administrative_division_of malawi adm_div_malawi_districts "Ntchisi" );; line 68663 (wfb::administrative_division_of malawi adm_div_malawi_districts "Rumphi" );; line 68663 (wfb::administrative_division_of malawi adm_div_malawi_districts "Salima" );; line 68663 (wfb::administrative_division_of malawi adm_div_malawi_districts "Thyolo" );; line 68663 (wfb::administrative_division_of malawi adm_div_malawi_districts "Zomba" );; line 68663 (wfb::independence malawi date_6_jul_1964 "UK" );; line 68670 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1964 );; line 68674 (wfb::comment national_holiday malawi "1964" );; line 68674 (wfb::national_holiday malawi "Independence Day" date_6_jul );; line 68674 (wfb::constitution malawi "6 July 1966; republished as amended January 1974" );; line 68678 (wfb::legal_system malawi "based on English common law and customary law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court of Appeal; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 68682 (wfb::comment suffrage malawi " universal" );; line 68688 (wfb::suffrage malawi (* 21 years_of_age) );; line 68688 (wfb::comment executive_branch malawi chief_of_state_and_head_of_government ", leader of the United Democratic Front" );; line 68693 (wfb::executive_branch malawi chief_of_state "President Bakili MULUZI " date_21_may_1994 );; line 68693 (wfb::executive_branch malawi head_of_government "President Bakili MULUZI " date_21_may_1994 );; line 68693 (wfb::comment executive_branch malawi cabinet "named by the president" );; line 68696 (wfb::executive_branch malawi cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 68696 (wfb::legislative_structure malawi unicameral n/a );; line 68700 (wfb::legislative_branch malawi "National Assembly" "elections last held 17 May 1994 (next to be held 1999); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (177 total) UDF 84, AFORD 33, MCP 55, others 5" );; line 68702 (wfb::judicial_branch malawi "High Court, Supreme Court of Appeal" );; line 68708 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders malawi ruling_party "United Democratic Front (UDF), Bakili MULUZI" );; line 68713 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders malawi opposition_groups "Malawi Congress Party (MCP), Gwanda CHAKUAMBA Phiri, secretary general (top party position); Alliance for Democracy (AFORD), Chakufwa CHIHANA; Socialist League of Malawi (Lesoma), Kapote MWAKUSULA, secretary general; Malawi Democratic Union (MDU), Harry BWANAUSI; Congress for the Second Republic (CSR), Kanyama CHIUME; Malawi Socialist Labor Party (MSLP), Stanford SAMBANEMANJA" );; line 68715 (wfb::member_of malawi acp );; line 68724 (wfb::member_of malawi afdb );; line 68724 (wfb::member_of malawi c );; line 68724 (wfb::member_of malawi ccc );; line 68724 (wfb::member_of malawi eca );; line 68724 (wfb::member_of malawi fao );; line 68724 (wfb::member_of malawi g-77 );; line 68724 (wfb::member_of malawi gatt );; line 68724 (wfb::member_of malawi ibrd );; line 68724 (wfb::member_of malawi icao );; line 68724 (wfb::member_of malawi icftu );; line 68724 (wfb::member_of malawi icrm );; line 68724 (wfb::member_of malawi ida );; line 68724 (wfb::member_of malawi ifad );; line 68724 (wfb::member_of malawi ifc );; line 68724 (wfb::member_of malawi ifrcs );; line 68724 (wfb::member_of malawi ilo );; line 68724 (wfb::member_of malawi imf );; line 68724 (wfb::member_of malawi imo );; line 68724 (wfb::member_of malawi intelsat );; line 68724 (wfb::member_of malawi interpol );; line 68724 (wfb::member_of malawi ioc );; line 68724 (wfb::member_of malawi iso );; line 68724 (wfb::comment member_of malawi iso "correspondent" );; line 68724 (wfb::member_of malawi itu );; line 68724 (wfb::member_of malawi nam );; line 68724 (wfb::member_of malawi oau );; line 68724 (wfb::member_of malawi sadc );; line 68724 (wfb::member_of malawi un );; line 68724 (wfb::member_of malawi unamir );; line 68724 (wfb::member_of malawi unctad );; line 68724 (wfb::member_of malawi unesco );; line 68724 (wfb::member_of malawi unido );; line 68724 (wfb::member_of malawi upu );; line 68724 (wfb::member_of malawi wftu );; line 68724 (wfb::member_of malawi who );; line 68724 (wfb::member_of malawi wipo );; line 68724 (wfb::member_of malawi wmo );; line 68724 (wfb::member_of malawi wto );; line 68724 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us malawi chief_of_mission "(vacant); Charge d'Affaires ad interim Patrick NYASULU (since 14 October 1994)" );; line 68732 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us malawi chancery "2408 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 68735 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us malawi telephone "[1] (202) 797-1007" );; line 68737 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation malawi chief_of_mission "Ambassador Peter R. CHAVEAS" );; line 68742 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation malawi embassy "address NA, in new capital city development area in Lilongwe" );; line 68744 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation malawi mailing_address "P. O. Box 30016, Lilongwe 3, Malawi" );; line 68746 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation malawi telephone "[265] 783 166" );; line 68748 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation malawi fax "[265] 780 471" );; line 68750 (wfb::flag malawi "three equal horizontal bands of black (top), red, and green with a radiant, rising, red sun centered in the black band; similar to the flag of Afghanistan, which is longer and has the national coat of arms superimposed on the hoist side of the black and red bands" );; line 68754 (wfb::overview malawi "Landlocked Malawi ranks among the world's least developed countries. The economy is predominately agricultural, with about 90% of the population living in rural areas. Agriculture accounts for 40% of GDP and 90% of export revenues. After two years of weak performance, economic growth improved significantly in 1988-91 as a result of good weather and a broadly based economic adjustment effort by the government. Drought cut overall output sharply in 1992, but the lost ground was recovered in 1993. The economy depends on substantial inflows of economic assistance from the IMF, the World Bank, and individual donor nations. The new government faces strong challenges, e.g., to spur exports, to improve educational and health facilities, and to deal with environmental problems of deforestation and erosion." );; line 68762 (wfb::estimation-date national_product malawi date_1994 );; line 68776 (wfb::national_product malawi (* 7.3e9 $) );; line 68776 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate malawi date_1994 );; line 68780 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate malawi (* 9.3 %) );; line 68780 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita malawi date_1994 );; line 68784 (wfb::national_product_per_capita malawi (* 750 $) );; line 68784 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| malawi "30% (1994 est.)" );; line 68788 (wfb::unemployment_rate malawi (* n/a %) );; line 68792 (wfb::budget malawi revenues (* 416e6 $) );; line 68797 (wfb::estimation-date budget malawi date_1992 );; line 68799 (wfb::budget malawi expenditures (* 498e6 $) );; line 68799 (wfb::budget malawi capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 68799 (wfb::exports malawi (* 311e6 $) );; line 68803 (wfb::exports malawi commodities tobacco n/a );; line 68805 (wfb::exports malawi commodities tea n/a );; line 68805 (wfb::exports malawi commodities sugar-commodity n/a );; line 68805 (wfb::exports malawi commodities coffee n/a );; line 68805 (wfb::exports malawi commodities peanuts n/a );; line 68805 (wfb::exports malawi commodities wood_products-commodity n/a );; line 68805 (wfb::exports malawi partners us n/a );; line 68807 (wfb::exports malawi partners uk n/a );; line 68807 (wfb::exports malawi partners zambia n/a );; line 68807 (wfb::exports malawi partners south_africa n/a );; line 68807 (wfb::exports malawi partners germany n/a );; line 68807 (wfb::imports malawi (* 308e6 $) );; line 68811 (wfb::imports malawi commodities food n/a );; line 68813 (wfb::imports malawi commodities petroleum_products-commodity n/a );; line 68813 (wfb::imports malawi commodities semimanufactures n/a );; line 68813 (wfb::imports malawi commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 68813 (wfb::imports malawi commodities transportation_equipment n/a );; line 68813 (wfb::imports malawi partners south_africa n/a );; line 68816 (wfb::imports malawi partners japan n/a );; line 68816 (wfb::imports malawi partners us n/a );; line 68816 (wfb::imports malawi partners uk n/a );; line 68816 (wfb::imports malawi partners zimbabwe n/a );; line 68816 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt malawi date_dec_1993 );; line 68820 (wfb::external_debt malawi (* 1.8e9 $) );; line 68820 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1992 );; line 68824 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production malawi date_1992 );; line 68824 (wfb::electricity malawi capacity (* 190000 kw) );; line 68829 (wfb::electricity malawi production (* 820e6 kwh) );; line 68831 (wfb::measurement-date electricity malawi consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 68833 (wfb::electricity malawi consumption_per_capita (* 77 kwh) );; line 68833 (wfb::industry malawi |agricultural processing (tea, tobacco, sugar)| );; line 68837 (wfb::industry malawi sawmilling );; line 68837 (wfb::industry malawi cement );; line 68837 (wfb::industry malawi consumer_goods-industry );; line 68837 (wfb::agriculture malawi "accounts for 40% of GDP; cash crops - tobacco, sugarcane, cotton, tea, and corn; subsistence crops - potatoes, cassava, sorghum, pulses; livestock - cattle, goats" );; line 68842 (wfb::economic_aid malawi recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $215 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $2.15 billion" );; line 68849 (wfb::abbreviation malawian_kwacha "MK" );; line 68854 (wfb::currency malawi malawian_kwacha 100 tambala );; line 68854 (wfb::exchange_rates malawi "Malawian kwacha (MK) per US$1 - 7.8358 (August 1994), 4.4028 (1993), 3.6033 (1992), 2.8033 (1991), 2.7289 (1990), 2.7595 (1989)" );; line 68858 (wfb::fiscal_year malawi date_1_apr date_31_mar );; line 68863 (wfb::railroads malawi total "789 km" );; line 68869 (wfb::railroads malawi narrow_gauge "789 km 1.067-m gauge" );; line 68871 (wfb::highways malawi total (* 13135 km) );; line 68876 (wfb::highways malawi paved (* 2364 km) );; line 68878 (wfb::highways malawi (union gravel crushed_stone stabilized_earth ) (* 251 km) );; line 68880 (wfb::highways malawi (union earth improved_earth ) (* 10520 km) );; line 68880 (wfb::inland_waterways malawi "Lake Nyasa (Lake Malawi); Shire River, 144 km" );; line 68885 (wfb::port malawi chipoka-malawi );; line 68889 (wfb::port malawi monkey_bay-malawi );; line 68889 (wfb::port malawi nkhata_bay-malawi );; line 68889 (wfb::port malawi nkotakota-malawi );; line 68889 (wfb::airports malawi total 47 );; line 68894 (wfb::airports malawi |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 68896 (wfb::airports malawi |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 1 );; line 68898 (wfb::airports malawi |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 4 );; line 68900 (wfb::airports malawi with_paved_runways_under_914_m 25 );; line 68902 (wfb::airports malawi |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 1 );; line 68904 (wfb::airports malawi |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 15 );; line 68906 (wfb::telephone_system malawi "42,250 telephones" );; line 68911 (wfb::telephone_system malawi local "NA" );; line 68913 (wfb::telephone_system malawi intercity "fair system of open-wire lines, radio relay links, and radio communications stations" );; line 68915 (wfb::telephone_system malawi international "2 INTELSAT (1 Indian Ocean and 1 Atlantic Ocean ) earth stations" );; line 68918 (wfb::radio malawi broadcast_stations am 10 );; line 68923 (wfb::radio malawi broadcast_stations fm 17 );; line 68923 (wfb::radio malawi broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 68923 (wfb::radio malawi radios n/a );; line 68925 (wfb::television malawi broadcast_stations 0 );; line 68930 (wfb::television malawi televisions n/a );; line 68932 (wfb::comment defense_branch malawi army_malawi "includes Air Wing and Naval Detachment" );; line 68938 (wfb::defense_branch malawi army_malawi );; line 68938 (wfb::comment defense_branch malawi police_malawi "includes paramilitary Mobile Force Unit" );; line 68938 (wfb::defense_branch malawi police_malawi );; line 68938 (wfb::defense_branch malawi paramilitary_malawi_young_pioneers_malawi );; line 68938 (wfb::manpower_availability malawi "males age 15-49 2,069,302; males fit for military service 1,056,372 (1995 est.)" );; line 68943 (wfb::for-fiscal-year defense_expenditures malawi 93 );; line 68948 (wfb::defense_expenditures malawi (* 13e6 $) );; line 68948 (wfb::defense_expenditures malawi (* 0.7 %_of_gdp) );; line 68948 (wfb::markup-parameter figure malaysia "graphno=\"my.tif\"" );; line 68954 (wfb::location malaysia "Southeastern Asia, peninsula and northern one-third of the island of Borneo bordering the Java Sea and the South China Sea, south of Vietnam" );; line 68958 (wfb::map_references malaysia "Southeast Asia" );; line 68964 (wfb::area malaysia total_area (* 329750 sq_km) );; line 68969 (wfb::area malaysia land_area (* 328550 sq_km) );; line 68971 (wfb::area malaysia comparative_area "slightly larger than New Mexico" );; line 68973 (wfb::borders malaysia total (* 2669 km) );; line 68977 (wfb::borders malaysia brunei (* 381 km) );; line 68977 (wfb::borders malaysia indonesia (* 1782 km) );; line 68977 (wfb::borders malaysia thailand (* 506 km) );; line 68977 (wfb::comment coastline malaysia "Peninsular Malaysia 2,068 km, East Malaysia 2,607 km" );; line 68982 (wfb::coastline malaysia (* 4675 km) );; line 68982 (wfb::maritime_claims malaysia exclusive_fishing_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 68990 (wfb::maritime_claims malaysia exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 68992 (wfb::maritime_claims malaysia territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 68994 (wfb::international_disputes malaysia "involved in a complex dispute over the Spratly Islands with China, Philippines, Taiwan, Vietnam, and possibly Brunei" );; line 68998 (wfb::international_disputes malaysia "State of Sabah claimed by the Philippines" );; line 68998 (wfb::international_disputes malaysia "Brunei may wish to purchase the Malaysian salient that divides Brunei into two parts" );; line 68998 (wfb::international_disputes malaysia "two islands in dispute with Singapore" );; line 68998 (wfb::international_disputes malaysia "two islands in dispute with Indonesia" );; line 68998 (wfb::climate malaysia "tropical" );; line 69006 (wfb::climate malaysia "annual southwest (April to October) and northeast (October to February) monsoons" );; line 69006 (wfb::terrain malaysia "coastal plains rising to hills and mountains" );; line 69011 (wfb::natural-resource malaysia tin );; line 69015 (wfb::natural-resource malaysia petroleum );; line 69015 (wfb::natural-resource malaysia timber );; line 69015 (wfb::natural-resource malaysia copper );; line 69015 (wfb::natural-resource malaysia iron_ore );; line 69015 (wfb::natural-resource malaysia natural_gas );; line 69015 (wfb::natural-resource malaysia bauxite );; line 69015 (wfb::land_use malaysia arable_land (* 3 %) );; line 69020 (wfb::land_use malaysia permanent_crops (* 10 %) );; line 69022 (wfb::land_use malaysia meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 69024 (wfb::land_use malaysia forest_and_woodland (* 63 %) );; line 69026 (wfb::land_use malaysia other (* 24 %) );; line 69028 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land malaysia date_1989 );; line 69032 (wfb::irrigated_land malaysia (* 3420 sq_km) );; line 69032 (wfb::environment malaysia current_issues "air pollution from industrial and vehicular emissions" );; line 69037 (wfb::environment malaysia current_issues "water pollution from raw sewage" );; line 69037 (wfb::environment malaysia current_issues "deforestation" );; line 69037 (wfb::environment malaysia natural_hazards "flooding" );; line 69040 (wfb::environment malaysia international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Tropical Timber 83" );; line 69042 (wfb::environment malaysia international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Law of the Sea" );; line 69042 (wfb::note malaysia "strategic location along Strait of Malacca and southern South China Sea" );; line 69048 (wfb::estimation-date population malaysia date_jul_1995 );; line 69055 (wfb::population malaysia 19723587 );; line 69055 (wfb::age_structure malaysia 0-14_years (* 37 %) );; line 69060 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex malaysia 0-14_years female 3559434 );; line 69060 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex malaysia 0-14_years male 3690310 );; line 69060 (wfb::age_structure malaysia 15-64_years (* 59 %) );; line 69062 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex malaysia 15-64_years female 5871131 );; line 69062 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex malaysia 15-64_years male 5844568 );; line 69062 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure malaysia 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 69064 (wfb::age_structure malaysia 65_years_and_over (* 4 %) );; line 69064 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex malaysia 65_years_and_over female 423539 );; line 69064 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex malaysia 65_years_and_over male 334605 );; line 69064 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate malaysia date_1995 );; line 69068 (wfb::population_growth_rate malaysia (* 2.24 %) );; line 69068 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate malaysia date_1995 );; line 69072 (wfb::birth_rate malaysia (* 27.95 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 69072 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate malaysia date_1995 );; line 69076 (wfb::death_rate malaysia (* 5.56 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 69076 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate malaysia date_1995 );; line 69080 (wfb::net_migration_rate malaysia (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 69080 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate malaysia date_1995 );; line 69084 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate malaysia (* 24.7 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 69084 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth malaysia total_population (* 69.48 years) );; line 69089 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth malaysia male (* 66.55 years) );; line 69091 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth malaysia female date_1995 );; line 69093 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth malaysia female (* 72.56 years) );; line 69093 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate malaysia date_1995 );; line 69097 (wfb::total_fertility_rate malaysia (* 3.47 children_born/woman) );; line 69097 (wfb::nationality malaysia noun "Malaysian(s)" );; line 69102 (wfb::nationality malaysia adjective "Malaysian" );; line 69104 (wfb::ethnic-entity malaysia malay_and_other_indigenous (* 59 %) );; line 69108 (wfb::ethnic-entity malaysia chinese (* 32 %) );; line 69108 (wfb::ethnic-entity malaysia indian (* 9 %) );; line 69108 (wfb::comment religions malaysia peninsular_malaysia "Indians" );; line 69113 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition malaysia date_1990 );; line 69133 (wfb::literacy-condition malaysia "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 69133 (wfb::literacy malaysia total_population (* 78 %) );; line 69135 (wfb::literacy malaysia male (* 86 %) );; line 69137 (wfb::literacy malaysia female (* 70 %) );; line 69139 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force malaysia date_1993 );; line 69143 (wfb::total_labor_force malaysia 7.627e6 );; line 69143 (wfb::names malaysia conventional_short_form "Malaysia" );; line 69151 (wfb::names malaysia former "Malayan Union" );; line 69153 (wfb::digraph malaysia "MY" );; line 69157 (wfb::type malaysia "constitutional monarchy" );; line 69161 (wfb::comment type malaysia "Federation of Malaysia formed 9 July 1963; nominally headed by the paramount ruler (king) and a bicameral Parliament; Peninsular Malaysian states - hereditary rulers in all but Melaka, where governors are appointed by" );; line 69163 (wfb::comment type malaysia "Malaysian Pulau Pinang Government; powers of state governments are limited by federal Constitution; Sabah - self-governing state, holds 20 seats in House of Representatives, with foreign affairs, defense, internal security, and other powers delegated to federal government; Sarawak - self-governing state, holds 27 seats in House of Representatives, with foreign affairs, defense, internal security, and other powers delegated to federal government" );; line 69167 (wfb::capital malaysia kuala_lumpur-malaysia );; line 69177 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_malaysia_states "states" "negeri-negeri" "negeri" );; line 69181 (wfb::administrative_divisions malaysia adm_div_malaysia_states 13 );; line 69181 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_malaysia_federal_territories "federal territories" "wilayah-wilayah persekutuan" "wilayah persekutuan" );; line 69181 (wfb::administrative_divisions malaysia adm_div_malaysia_federal_territories 2 );; line 69181 (wfb::administrative_division_of malaysia adm_div_malaysia_states "Johor" );; line 69181 (wfb::administrative_division_of malaysia adm_div_malaysia_states "Kedah" );; line 69181 (wfb::administrative_division_of malaysia adm_div_malaysia_states "Kelantan" );; line 69181 (wfb::administrative_division_of malaysia adm_div_malaysia_federal_territories "Labuan" );; line 69181 (wfb::administrative_division_of malaysia adm_div_malaysia_states "Melaka" );; line 69181 (wfb::administrative_division_of malaysia adm_div_malaysia_states "Negeri Sembilan" );; line 69181 (wfb::administrative_division_of malaysia adm_div_malaysia_states "Pahang" );; line 69181 (wfb::administrative_division_of malaysia adm_div_malaysia_states "Perak" );; line 69181 (wfb::administrative_division_of malaysia adm_div_malaysia_states "Perlis" );; line 69181 (wfb::administrative_division_of malaysia adm_div_malaysia_states "Pulau Pinang" );; line 69181 (wfb::administrative_division_of malaysia adm_div_malaysia_states "Sabah" );; line 69181 (wfb::administrative_division_of malaysia adm_div_malaysia_states "Sarawak" );; line 69181 (wfb::administrative_division_of malaysia adm_div_malaysia_states "Selangor" );; line 69181 (wfb::administrative_division_of malaysia adm_div_malaysia_states "Terengganu" );; line 69181 (wfb::administrative_division_of malaysia adm_div_malaysia_federal_territories "Wilayah Persekutuan" );; line 69181 (wfb::independence malaysia date_31_aug_1957 "UK" );; line 69188 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1957 );; line 69192 (wfb::comment national_holiday malaysia "1957" );; line 69192 (wfb::national_holiday malaysia "National Day" date_31_aug );; line 69192 (wfb::constitution malaysia "31 August 1957, amended 16 September 1963" );; line 69196 (wfb::legal_system malaysia "based on English common law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court at request of supreme head of the federation; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 69200 (wfb::comment suffrage malaysia " universal" );; line 69206 (wfb::suffrage malaysia (* 21 years_of_age) );; line 69206 (wfb::comment executive_branch malaysia chief_of_state "Deputy Paramount Ruler SALAHUDDIN ibni Hisammuddin Alam Shah (since 26 April 1994)" );; line 69211 (wfb::executive_branch malaysia chief_of_state "Paramount Ruler JA'AFAR ibni Abdul Rahman " date_26_apr_1994 );; line 69211 (wfb::comment executive_branch malaysia head_of_government "Deputy Prime Minister ANWAR bin Ibrahim (since 1 December 1993)" );; line 69215 (wfb::executive_branch malaysia head_of_government "Prime Minister Dr. MAHATHIR bin Mohamad " date_16_jul_1981 );; line 69215 (wfb::comment executive_branch malaysia cabinet "appointed by the Paramount Ruler from members of parliament" );; line 69218 (wfb::executive_branch malaysia cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 69218 (wfb::legislative_structure malaysia bicameral "Parliament (Parlimen)" );; line 69223 (wfb::legislative_branch malaysia "Senate (Dewan Negara)" "consists of 58 members, 32 appointed by the paramount ruler and 26 elected by the state legislatures (2 from each state) for six-year terms; elections last held NA (next to be held NA); results - NA" );; line 69225 (wfb::legislative_branch malaysia "House of Representatives (Dewan Rakyat)" "consists of 180 members, elected for five-year terms; elections last held 21 October 1990 (next to be held by December 1995); results - National Front 52%, other 48%; seats - (180 total) National Front 127, DAP 20, PAS 7, independents 4, other 22; note - within the National Front, UMNO won 71 seats and MCA won 18 seats" );; line 69229 (wfb::judicial_branch malaysia "Supreme Court" );; line 69237 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders malaysia peninsular_malaysia "National Front, a confederation of 13 political parties dominated by United Malays National Organization Baru (UMNO Baru), MAHATHIR bin Mohamad; Malaysian Chinese Association (MCA), LING Liong Sik; Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia, LIM Keng Yaik; Malaysian Indian Congress (MIC), S. Samy VELLU" );; line 69242 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders malaysia sabah "National Front, SALLEH Said Keruak, Sabah Chief Minister, Sakaran DANDAI, head of Sabah State; United Sabah National Organizaton (USNO), leader NA" );; line 69247 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders malaysia sarawak "coalition Sarawak National Front composed of the Party Pesaka Bumiputra Bersatu (PBB), Datuk Patinggi Amar Haji Abdul TAIB Mahmud; Sarawak United People's Party (SUPP), Datuk Amar James WONG Soon Kai; Sarawak National Party (SNAP), Datuk Amar James WONG; Parti Bansa Dayak Sarawak (PBDS), Datuk Leo MOGGIE; major opposition parties are Democratic Action Party (DAP), LIM Kit Siang and Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS), Fadzil NOOR" );; line 69251 (wfb::member_of malaysia apec );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia asdb );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia asean );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia c );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia ccc );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia cp );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia escap );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia fao );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia g-15 );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia g-77 );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia gatt );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia iaea );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia ibrd );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia icao );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia icftu );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia icrm );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia ida );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia idb );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia ifad );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia ifc );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia ifrcs );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia ilo );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia imf );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia imo );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia inmarsat );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia intelsat );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia interpol );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia ioc );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia iso );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia itu );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia minurso );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia nam );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia oic );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia un );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia unavem_ii );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia unctad );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia unesco );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia unido );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia unikom );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia unomil );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia unomoz );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia unosom );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia unprofor );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia upu );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia wcl );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia wftu );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia who );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia wipo );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia wmo );; line 69260 (wfb::member_of malaysia wto );; line 69260 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us malaysia chief_of_mission "Ambassador Abdul MAJID bin Mohamed" );; line 69269 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us malaysia chancery "2401 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 69271 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us malaysia telephone "[1] (202) 328-2700" );; line 69273 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us malaysia fax "[1] (202) 483-7661" );; line 69275 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us malaysia |consulate(s) general| "Los Angeles and New York" );; line 69277 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation malaysia chief_of_mission "Ambassador John S. WOLF" );; line 69282 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation malaysia embassy "376 Jalan Tun Razak, 50400 Kuala Lumpur" );; line 69284 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation malaysia mailing_address "P. O. Box No. 10035, 50700 Kuala Lumpur; APO AP 96535-8152" );; line 69286 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation malaysia telephone "[60] (3) 2489011" );; line 69288 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation malaysia fax "[60] (3) 2422207" );; line 69290 (wfb::flag malaysia "fourteen equal horizontal stripes of red (top) alternating with white (bottom); there is a blue rectangle in the upper hoist-side corner bearing a yellow crescent and a yellow fourteen-pointed star; the crescent and the star are traditional symbols of Islam; the design was based on the flag of the US" );; line 69294 (wfb::overview malaysia "The Malaysian economy, a mixture of private enterprise and a soundly managed public sector, has posted a remarkable record of 9% average annual growth in 1988-94. The official growth target for 1995 is 8.5%. This growth has resulted in a substantial reduction in poverty and a marked rise in real wages. Manufactured goods exports expanded rapidly, and foreign investors continued to commit large sums in the economy. The government is aware of the inflationary potential of this rapid development and is closely monitoring fiscal and monetary policies." );; line 69303 (wfb::estimation-date national_product malaysia date_1994 );; line 69314 (wfb::national_product malaysia (* 166.8e9 $) );; line 69314 (wfb::measurement-date national_product_real_growth_rate malaysia date_1994 );; line 69318 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate malaysia (* 8.7 %) );; line 69318 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita malaysia date_1994 );; line 69322 (wfb::national_product_per_capita malaysia (* 8650 $) );; line 69322 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| malaysia "3.7% (1994)" );; line 69326 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate malaysia date_1994 );; line 69330 (wfb::unemployment_rate malaysia (* 2.9 %) );; line 69330 (wfb::budget malaysia revenues (* 18.7e9 $) );; line 69335 (wfb::measurement-date budget malaysia date_1994 );; line 69337 (wfb::budget malaysia expenditures (* 19.1e9 $) );; line 69337 (wfb::budget malaysia capital_expenditures (* 4.8e9 $) );; line 69337 (wfb::exports malaysia (* 56.6e9 $) );; line 69342 (wfb::exports malaysia commodities electronic_equipment n/a );; line 69344 (wfb::exports malaysia commodities petroleum_and_petroleum_products n/a );; line 69344 (wfb::exports malaysia commodities palm_oil-commodity n/a );; line 69344 (wfb::exports malaysia commodities wood_and_wood_products-commodity n/a );; line 69344 (wfb::exports malaysia commodities rubber n/a );; line 69344 (wfb::exports malaysia commodities textiles-commodity n/a );; line 69344 (wfb::measurement-date exports malaysia date_1993 );; line 69347 (wfb::exports malaysia partners singapore (* 22 %) );; line 69347 (wfb::exports malaysia partners us (* 20 %) );; line 69347 (wfb::exports malaysia partners japan (* 13 %) );; line 69347 (wfb::exports malaysia partners uk (* 4 %) );; line 69347 (wfb::exports malaysia partners germany (* 4 %) );; line 69347 (wfb::exports malaysia partners thailand (* 4 %) );; line 69347 (wfb::imports malaysia (* 55.2e9 $) );; line 69352 (wfb::imports malaysia commodities machinery_and_equipment n/a );; line 69354 (wfb::imports malaysia commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 69354 (wfb::imports malaysia commodities food n/a );; line 69354 (wfb::imports malaysia commodities petroleum_products-commodity n/a );; line 69354 (wfb::measurement-date imports malaysia date_1993 );; line 69356 (wfb::imports malaysia partners japan (* 27 %) );; line 69356 (wfb::imports malaysia partners us (* 17 %) );; line 69356 (wfb::imports malaysia partners singapore (* 15 %) );; line 69356 (wfb::imports malaysia partners taiwan (* 5 %) );; line 69356 (wfb::imports malaysia partners germany (* 4 %) );; line 69356 (wfb::imports malaysia partners uk (* 3 %) );; line 69356 (wfb::imports malaysia partners south_korea (* 3 %) );; line 69356 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt malaysia date_1994 );; line 69361 (wfb::external_debt malaysia (* 35.5e9 $) );; line 69361 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 69365 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 69365 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production malaysia date_1994 );; line 69365 (wfb::industrial_production malaysia growth_rate (* 12 %) );; line 69365 (wfb::industrial_production malaysia accounts_for (* 38 %_of_gdp) );; line 69365 (wfb::electricity malaysia capacity (* 6700000 kw) );; line 69370 (wfb::electricity malaysia production (* 31e9 kwh) );; line 69372 (wfb::measurement-date electricity malaysia consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 69374 (wfb::electricity malaysia consumption_per_capita (* 1528 kwh) );; line 69374 (wfb::agriculture malaysia "accounts for 16% of GDP (1993 est.)" );; line 69390 (wfb::agriculture malaysia peninsular_malaysia "natural rubber, palm oil, rice" );; line 69392 (wfb::agriculture malaysia sabah "mainly subsistence, but also rubber, timber, coconut, rice" );; line 69394 (wfb::agriculture malaysia sarawak "rubber, timber, pepper; deficit of rice in all areas" );; line 69396 (wfb::illicit_drugs malaysia "transit point for Golden Triangle heroin going to the US, Western Europe, and the Third World despite severe penalties for drug trafficking; increasing indigenous abuse of methamphetamine" );; line 69400 (wfb::economic_aid malaysia recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-84), $170 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $4.7 million; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $42 million" );; line 69407 (wfb::abbreviation ringgit "M$" );; line 69413 (wfb::currency malaysia ringgit 100 sen );; line 69413 (wfb::exchange_rates malaysia "ringgits (M$) per US$1 - 2.5542 (January 1995), 2.6242 (1994), 2.5741 (1993), 2.5474 (1992), 2.7501 (1991), 1.7048 (1990)" );; line 69417 (wfb::fiscal_year malaysia date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 69422 (wfb::railroads malaysia total "1,801 km (Peninsular Malaysia 1,665 km; Sabah 136 km; Sarawak 0 km)" );; line 69428 (wfb::railroads malaysia narrow_gauge "1,801 km 1.000-m gauge (Peninsular Malaysia 1,665 km; Sabah 136 km)" );; line 69431 (wfb::comment highways malaysia total "Peninsular Malaysia 23,602 km, Sabah 3,782 km, Sarawak 1,644 km" );; line 69437 (wfb::comment highways malaysia paved "Peninsular Malaysia 19,354 km mostly bituminous treated" );; line 69440 (wfb::comment highways malaysia unpaved "Peninsular Malaysia 4,248 km" );; line 69442 (wfb::inland_waterways malaysia peninsular_malaysia "3,209 km" );; line 69447 (wfb::inland_waterways malaysia sabah "1,569 km" );; line 69449 (wfb::inland_waterways malaysia sarawak "2,518 km" );; line 69451 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 1307 km) );; line 69455 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 379 km) );; line 69455 (wfb::port malaysia kota_kinabalu-malaysia );; line 69459 (wfb::port malaysia kuantan-malaysia );; line 69459 (wfb::port malaysia kuching-malaysia );; line 69459 (wfb::port malaysia kudat-malaysia );; line 69459 (wfb::port malaysia lahad_datu-malaysia );; line 69459 (wfb::port malaysia labuan-malaysia );; line 69459 (wfb::port malaysia lumut-malaysia );; line 69459 (wfb::port malaysia miri-malaysia );; line 69459 (wfb::port malaysia pasir_gudang-malaysia );; line 69459 (wfb::port malaysia penang-malaysia );; line 69459 (wfb::port malaysia port_dickson-malaysia );; line 69459 (wfb::port malaysia port_kelang-malaysia );; line 69459 (wfb::port malaysia sandakan-malaysia );; line 69459 (wfb::port malaysia sibu-malaysia );; line 69459 (wfb::port malaysia tanjong_berhala-malaysia );; line 69459 (wfb::port malaysia tanjong_kidurong-malaysia );; line 69459 (wfb::port malaysia tawau-malaysia );; line 69459 (wfb::merchant_marine malaysia total "213 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 2,410,823 GRT/3,635,966 DWT" );; line 69466 (wfb::merchant_marine malaysia ships_by_type "bulk 34, cargo 73, chemical tanker 11, container 27, liquefied gas tanker 9, livestock carrier 1, oil tanker 50, roll-on/roll-off cargo 4, short-sea passenger 1, vehicle carrier 3" );; line 69469 (wfb::airports malaysia total 115 );; line 69476 (wfb::airports malaysia |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 3 );; line 69478 (wfb::airports malaysia |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 5 );; line 69480 (wfb::airports malaysia |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 11 );; line 69482 (wfb::airports malaysia |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 6 );; line 69484 (wfb::airports malaysia with_paved_runways_under_914_m 82 );; line 69486 (wfb::airports malaysia |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 1 );; line 69488 (wfb::airports malaysia |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 7 );; line 69490 (wfb::telephone_system malaysia "994,860 telephones (1984); international service good" );; line 69495 (wfb::telephone_system malaysia local "NA" );; line 69497 (wfb::telephone_system malaysia intercity "good intercity service provided on Peninsular Malaysia mainly by microwave radio relay; adequate intercity microwave radio relay network between Sabah and Sarawak via Brunei; 2 domestic satellite links" );; line 69499 (wfb::telephone_system malaysia international "submarine cables extend to India and Sarawak; SEACOM submarine cable links to Hong Kong and Singapore; satellite earth stations - 2 INTELSAT (1 Indian Ocean and 1 Pacific Ocean)" );; line 69503 (wfb::radio malaysia broadcast_stations am 28 );; line 69510 (wfb::radio malaysia broadcast_stations fm 3 );; line 69510 (wfb::radio malaysia broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 69510 (wfb::radio malaysia radios n/a );; line 69512 (wfb::television malaysia broadcast_stations 33 );; line 69517 (wfb::television malaysia televisions n/a );; line 69519 (wfb::defense_branch malaysia malaysian_army_malaysia );; line 69525 (wfb::defense_branch malaysia royal_malaysian_navy_malaysia );; line 69525 (wfb::defense_branch malaysia royal_malaysian_air_force_malaysia );; line 69525 (wfb::defense_branch malaysia royal_malaysian_police_force_malaysia );; line 69525 (wfb::defense_branch malaysia marine_police_malaysia );; line 69525 (wfb::defense_branch malaysia sarawak_border_scouts_malaysia );; line 69525 (wfb::manpower_availability malaysia "males age 15-49 5,041,003; males fit for military service 3,058,445; males reach military age (21) annually 183,760 (1995 est.)" );; line 69530 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures malaysia date_1994 );; line 69535 (wfb::defense_expenditures malaysia (* 2.1e9 $) );; line 69535 (wfb::defense_expenditures malaysia (* 2.9 %_of_gdp) );; line 69535 (wfb::markup-parameter figure maldives "graphno=\"mv.tif\"" );; line 69541 (wfb::location maldives "Southern Asia, group of atolls in the Indian Ocean, south-southwest of India" );; line 69545 (wfb::map_references maldives "Asia" );; line 69550 (wfb::area maldives total_area (* 300 sq_km) );; line 69555 (wfb::area maldives land_area (* 300 sq_km) );; line 69557 (wfb::area maldives comparative_area "slightly more than 1.5 times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 69559 (wfb::coastline maldives (* 644 km) );; line 69567 (wfb::maritime_claims maldives territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 69575 (wfb::international_disputes maldives "none" );; line 69579 (wfb::climate maldives "tropical" );; line 69583 (wfb::climate maldives "hot, humid" );; line 69583 (wfb::climate maldives "dry, northeast monsoon (November to March)" );; line 69583 (wfb::climate maldives "rainy, southwest monsoon (June to August)" );; line 69583 (wfb::terrain maldives "flat with elevations only as high as 2.5 meters" );; line 69588 (wfb::natural-resource maldives fish );; line 69592 (wfb::land_use maldives arable_land (* 10 %) );; line 69597 (wfb::land_use maldives permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 69599 (wfb::land_use maldives meadows_and_pastures (* 3 %) );; line 69601 (wfb::land_use maldives forest_and_woodland (* 3 %) );; line 69603 (wfb::land_use maldives other (* 84 %) );; line 69605 (wfb::irrigated_land maldives (* n/a sq_km) );; line 69609 (wfb::environment maldives current_issues "depletion of freshwater aquifers threatens water supplies" );; line 69614 (wfb::environment maldives natural_hazards "low level of islands makes them very sensitive to sea level rise" );; line 69616 (wfb::environment maldives international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection" );; line 69618 (wfb::environment maldives international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Law of the Sea" );; line 69618 (wfb::note maldives "1,190 coral islands grouped into 26 atolls; archipelago of strategic location astride and along major sea lanes in Indian Ocean" );; line 69623 (wfb::estimation-date population maldives date_jul_1995 );; line 69630 (wfb::population maldives 261310 );; line 69630 (wfb::age_structure maldives 0-14_years (* 47 %) );; line 69635 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex maldives 0-14_years female 60038 );; line 69635 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex maldives 0-14_years male 63042 );; line 69635 (wfb::age_structure maldives 15-64_years (* 50 %) );; line 69637 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex maldives 15-64_years female 63526 );; line 69637 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex maldives 15-64_years male 67020 );; line 69637 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure maldives 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 69639 (wfb::age_structure maldives 65_years_and_over (* 3 %) );; line 69639 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex maldives 65_years_and_over female 3537 );; line 69639 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex maldives 65_years_and_over male 4147 );; line 69639 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate maldives date_1995 );; line 69643 (wfb::population_growth_rate maldives (* 3.58 %) );; line 69643 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate maldives date_1995 );; line 69647 (wfb::birth_rate maldives (* 42.8 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 69647 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate maldives date_1995 );; line 69651 (wfb::death_rate maldives (* 7 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 69651 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate maldives date_1995 );; line 69655 (wfb::net_migration_rate maldives (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 69655 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate maldives date_1995 );; line 69659 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate maldives (* 50 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 69659 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth maldives total_population (* 65.49 years) );; line 69664 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth maldives male (* 63.99 years) );; line 69666 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth maldives female date_1995 );; line 69668 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth maldives female (* 67.07 years) );; line 69668 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate maldives date_1995 );; line 69672 (wfb::total_fertility_rate maldives (* 6.17 children_born/woman) );; line 69672 (wfb::nationality maldives noun "Maldivian(s)" );; line 69677 (wfb::nationality maldives adjective "Maldivian" );; line 69679 (wfb::ethnic-entity maldives sinhalese n/a );; line 69683 (wfb::ethnic-entity maldives dravidian n/a );; line 69683 (wfb::ethnic-entity maldives arab n/a );; line 69683 (wfb::ethnic-entity maldives african n/a );; line 69683 (wfb::religion maldives sunni_muslim n/a );; line 69687 (wfb::language maldives divehi n/a );; line 69691 (wfb::comment language maldives divehi "dialect of Sinhala; script derived from Arabic" );; line 69691 (wfb::language maldives english_spoken_by_most_government_officials n/a );; line 69691 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition maldives date_1985 );; line 69696 (wfb::literacy-condition maldives "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 69696 (wfb::literacy maldives total_population (* 91 %) );; line 69698 (wfb::literacy maldives male (* 91 %) );; line 69700 (wfb::literacy maldives female (* 92 %) );; line 69702 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation maldives fishing_industry (* 25 %) );; line 69708 (wfb::names maldives conventional_long_form "Republic of Maldives" );; line 69714 (wfb::names maldives conventional_short_form "Maldives" );; line 69716 (wfb::digraph maldives "MV" );; line 69720 (wfb::type maldives "republic" );; line 69724 (wfb::capital maldives male-maldives );; line 69728 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_maldives_districts "districts" "atolls" "n/a" );; line 69732 (wfb::administrative_divisions maldives adm_div_maldives_districts 19 );; line 69732 (wfb::administrative_division_of maldives adm_div_maldives_districts "Aliff" );; line 69732 (wfb::administrative_division_of maldives adm_div_maldives_districts "Baa" );; line 69732 (wfb::administrative_division_of maldives adm_div_maldives_districts "Daalu" );; line 69732 (wfb::administrative_division_of maldives adm_div_maldives_districts "Faafu" );; line 69732 (wfb::administrative_division_of maldives adm_div_maldives_districts "Gaafu Aliff" );; line 69732 (wfb::administrative_division_of maldives adm_div_maldives_districts "Gaafu Daalu" );; line 69732 (wfb::administrative_division_of maldives adm_div_maldives_districts "Haa Aliff" );; line 69732 (wfb::administrative_division_of maldives adm_div_maldives_districts "Haa Daalu" );; line 69732 (wfb::administrative_division_of maldives adm_div_maldives_districts "Kaafu" );; line 69732 (wfb::administrative_division_of maldives adm_div_maldives_districts "Laamu" );; line 69732 (wfb::administrative_division_of maldives adm_div_maldives_districts "Laviyani" );; line 69732 (wfb::administrative_division_of maldives adm_div_maldives_districts "Meemu" );; line 69732 (wfb::administrative_division_of maldives adm_div_maldives_districts "Naviyani" );; line 69732 (wfb::administrative_division_of maldives adm_div_maldives_districts "Noonu" );; line 69732 (wfb::administrative_division_of maldives adm_div_maldives_districts "Raa" );; line 69732 (wfb::administrative_division_of maldives adm_div_maldives_districts "Seenu" );; line 69732 (wfb::administrative_division_of maldives adm_div_maldives_districts "Shaviyani" );; line 69732 (wfb::administrative_division_of maldives adm_div_maldives_districts "Thaa" );; line 69732 (wfb::administrative_division_of maldives adm_div_maldives_districts "Waavu" );; line 69732 (wfb::independence maldives date_26_jul_1965 "UK" );; line 69738 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1965 );; line 69742 (wfb::comment national_holiday maldives "1965" );; line 69742 (wfb::national_holiday maldives "Independence Day" date_26_jul );; line 69742 (wfb::constitution maldives "4 June 1968" );; line 69746 (wfb::legal_system maldives "based on Islamic law with admixtures of English common law primarily in commercial matters; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 69750 (wfb::comment suffrage maldives " universal" );; line 69755 (wfb::suffrage maldives (* 21 years_of_age) );; line 69755 (wfb::comment executive_branch maldives chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "election last held 1 October 1993 (next to be held 1998)" );; line 69760 (wfb::comment executive_branch maldives chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "results - President Maumoon Abdul GAYOOM was reelected with 92.76% of the vote" );; line 69760 (wfb::executive_branch maldives chief_of_state "President Maumoon Abdul GAYOOM " date_11_nov_1978 );; line 69760 (wfb::executive_branch maldives head_of_government "President Maumoon Abdul GAYOOM " date_11_nov_1978 );; line 69760 (wfb::comment executive_branch maldives cabinet "appointed by the president" );; line 69764 (wfb::executive_branch maldives cabinet "Ministry of Atolls" );; line 69764 (wfb::legislative_structure maldives unicameral n/a );; line 69768 (wfb::legislative_branch maldives "Citizens' Council (Majlis)" "elections last held 2 December 1994 (next to be held NA December 1999); results - percent of vote NA; seats - (48 total, 40 elected, 8 appointed by the president) independents 40" );; line 69770 (wfb::judicial_branch maldives "High Court" );; line 69776 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders maldives "although political parties are not banned, none exist; country governed by the Didi clan for the past eight centuries" );; line 69780 (wfb::member_of maldives asdb );; line 69785 (wfb::member_of maldives c );; line 69785 (wfb::member_of maldives cp );; line 69785 (wfb::member_of maldives escap );; line 69785 (wfb::member_of maldives fao );; line 69785 (wfb::member_of maldives g-77 );; line 69785 (wfb::member_of maldives gatt );; line 69785 (wfb::member_of maldives ibrd );; line 69785 (wfb::member_of maldives icao );; line 69785 (wfb::member_of maldives ida );; line 69785 (wfb::member_of maldives idb );; line 69785 (wfb::member_of maldives ifad );; line 69785 (wfb::member_of maldives ifc );; line 69785 (wfb::member_of maldives imf );; line 69785 (wfb::member_of maldives imo );; line 69785 (wfb::member_of maldives intelsat );; line 69785 (wfb::comment member_of maldives intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 69785 (wfb::member_of maldives interpol );; line 69785 (wfb::member_of maldives ioc );; line 69785 (wfb::member_of maldives itu );; line 69785 (wfb::member_of maldives nam );; line 69785 (wfb::member_of maldives oic );; line 69785 (wfb::member_of maldives saarc );; line 69785 (wfb::member_of maldives un );; line 69785 (wfb::member_of maldives unctad );; line 69785 (wfb::member_of maldives unesco );; line 69785 (wfb::member_of maldives unido );; line 69785 (wfb::member_of maldives upu );; line 69785 (wfb::member_of maldives who );; line 69785 (wfb::member_of maldives wmo );; line 69785 (wfb::member_of maldives wto );; line 69785 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us maldives "Maldives has no embassy in the US, but does have a UN mission in New York; Permanent Representative to the UN Ahmed ZAKI" );; line 69791 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation maldives chief_of_mission "the US Ambassador to Sri Lanka is accredited to Maldives and makes periodic visits there" );; line 69797 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation maldives consular_agency "Midhath Hilmy, Male" );; line 69800 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation maldives telephone "322581" );; line 69802 (wfb::flag maldives "red with a large green rectangle in the center bearing a vertical white crescent; the closed side of the crescent is on the hoist side of the flag" );; line 69806 (wfb::overview maldives "Fishing is the largest industry, employing 25% of the work force and accounting for over 60% of exports. Over 90% of government tax revenue comes from import duties and tourism-related taxes. During the 1980s tourism became one of the most important and highest growth sectors of the economy. In 1993, tourism accounted for 17% of GDP and more than 60% of the Maldives' foreign exchange receipts. The Maldivian government initiated an economic reform program in 1989 initially by lifting import quotas and opening some exports to the private sector. Subsequently, it has liberalized regulations to allow more foreign investment. Agriculture and manufacturing continue to play a minor role in the economy, constrained by the limited availability of cultivatable land and the shortage of domestic labor. Most staple foods must be imported. In 1993, industry which consisted mainly of garment production, boat building, and handicrafts accounted for about 6% of GDP." );; line 69813 (wfb::estimation-date national_product maldives date_1993 );; line 69829 (wfb::national_product maldives (* 360e6 $) );; line 69829 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate maldives date_1993 );; line 69833 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate maldives (* 5.4 %) );; line 69833 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita maldives date_1993 );; line 69837 (wfb::national_product_per_capita maldives (* 1500 $) );; line 69837 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| maldives "20% (1993)" );; line 69841 (wfb::estimation-date budget maldives date_1993 );; line 69852 (wfb::budget maldives expenditures (* 143e6 $) );; line 69852 (wfb::budget maldives capital_expenditures (* 71e6 $) );; line 69852 (wfb::exports maldives (* 38.5e6 $) );; line 69857 (wfb::exports maldives commodities fish-commodity n/a );; line 69859 (wfb::exports maldives commodities clothing-commodity n/a );; line 69859 (wfb::exports maldives partners us n/a );; line 69861 (wfb::exports maldives partners uk n/a );; line 69861 (wfb::exports maldives partners sri_lanka n/a );; line 69861 (wfb::exports maldives partners singapore n/a );; line 69861 (wfb::exports maldives partners germany n/a );; line 69861 (wfb::imports maldives (* 177.8e6 $) );; line 69865 (wfb::imports maldives commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 69867 (wfb::imports maldives commodities intermediate_and_capital_goods n/a );; line 69867 (wfb::imports maldives commodities petroleum_products-commodity n/a );; line 69867 (wfb::imports maldives partners singapore n/a );; line 69870 (wfb::imports maldives partners germany n/a );; line 69870 (wfb::imports maldives partners sri_lanka n/a );; line 69870 (wfb::imports maldives partners india n/a );; line 69870 (wfb::imports maldives partners japan n/a );; line 69870 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt maldives date_1993 );; line 69874 (wfb::external_debt maldives (* 130e6 $) );; line 69874 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1990 );; line 69878 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production maldives date_1990 );; line 69878 (wfb::industrial_production maldives growth_rate (* 24 %) );; line 69878 (wfb::industrial_production maldives accounts_for (* 6 %_of_gdp) );; line 69878 (wfb::electricity maldives capacity (* 5000 kw) );; line 69883 (wfb::electricity maldives production (* 30e6 kwh) );; line 69885 (wfb::measurement-date electricity maldives consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 69887 (wfb::electricity maldives consumption_per_capita (* 123 kwh) );; line 69887 (wfb::industry maldives fishing_and_fish_processing-industry );; line 69891 (wfb::industry maldives tourism );; line 69891 (wfb::industry maldives shipping );; line 69891 (wfb::industry maldives boat_building );; line 69891 (wfb::industry maldives some_coconut_processing );; line 69891 (wfb::industry maldives garments-industry );; line 69891 (wfb::industry maldives woven_mats );; line 69891 (wfb::industry maldives |coir (rope)| );; line 69891 (wfb::industry maldives handicrafts );; line 69891 (wfb::agriculture maldives "fishing, coconuts, corn, sweet potatoes" );; line 69896 (wfb::economic_aid maldives recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-88), $28 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $125 million; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $14 million" );; line 69901 (wfb::abbreviation rufiyaa "Rf" );; line 69907 (wfb::currency maldives rufiyaa 100 laari );; line 69907 (wfb::exchange_rates maldives "rufiyaa (Rf) per US$1 - 11.770 (January 1995), 11.586 (1994), 10.957 (1993), 10.569 (1992), 10.253 (1991), 9.509 (1990)" );; line 69911 (wfb::fiscal_year maldives date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 69916 (wfb::railroads maldives "0 km" );; line 69921 (wfb::comment highways maldives unpaved "Male has 9.6 km of coral highways within the city" );; line 69930 (wfb::port maldives gan-maldives );; line 69934 (wfb::port maldives male-maldives );; line 69934 (wfb::merchant_marine maldives total "16 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 50,384 GRT/77,771 DWT" );; line 69939 (wfb::merchant_marine maldives ships_by_type "cargo 14, container 1, oil tanker 1" );; line 69941 (wfb::airports maldives total 2 );; line 69946 (wfb::airports maldives |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 69948 (wfb::airports maldives |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 69950 (wfb::telephone_system maldives "2,804 telephones; minimal domestic and international facilities" );; line 69955 (wfb::telephone_system maldives local "NA" );; line 69957 (wfb::telephone_system maldives intercity "NA" );; line 69959 (wfb::telephone_system maldives international "1 INTELSAT (Indian Ocean) earth station" );; line 69961 (wfb::radio maldives broadcast_stations am 2 );; line 69966 (wfb::radio maldives broadcast_stations fm 1 );; line 69966 (wfb::radio maldives broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 69966 (wfb::radio maldives radios n/a );; line 69968 (wfb::television maldives broadcast_stations 1 );; line 69973 (wfb::television maldives televisions n/a );; line 69975 (wfb::comment defense_branch maldives national_security_service_maldives "paramilitary police force" );; line 69981 (wfb::defense_branch maldives national_security_service_maldives );; line 69981 (wfb::manpower_availability maldives "males age 15-49 57,172; males fit for military service 31,911 (1995 est.)" );; line 69985 (wfb::markup-parameter figure mali "graphno=\"ml.tif\"" );; line 69996 (wfb::location mali "Western Africa, southwest of Algeria" );; line 70000 (wfb::map_references mali "Africa" );; line 70004 (wfb::area mali total_area (* 1.24e6 sq_km) );; line 70009 (wfb::area mali land_area (* 1.22e6 sq_km) );; line 70011 (wfb::area mali comparative_area "slightly less than twice the size of Texas" );; line 70013 (wfb::borders mali total (* 7243 km) );; line 70017 (wfb::borders mali algeria (* 1376 km) );; line 70017 (wfb::borders mali burkina (* 1000 km) );; line 70017 (wfb::borders mali guinea (* 858 km) );; line 70017 (wfb::borders mali |Cote d'Ivoire| (* 532 km) );; line 70017 (wfb::borders mali mauritania (* 2237 km) );; line 70017 (wfb::borders mali niger (* 821 km) );; line 70017 (wfb::borders mali senegal (* 419 km) );; line 70017 (wfb::comment coastline mali "landlocked" );; line 70022 (wfb::coastline mali (* 0 km) );; line 70022 (wfb::maritime_claims mali "none; landlocked" );; line 70026 (wfb::international_disputes mali "the disputed international boundary between Burkina and Mali was submitted to the International Court of Justice (ICJ) in October 1983 and the ICJ issued its final ruling in December 1986, which both sides agreed to accept" );; line 70030 (wfb::international_disputes mali "Burkina and Mali are proceeding with boundary demarcation, including the tripoint with Niger" );; line 70030 (wfb::climate mali "subtropical to arid" );; line 70038 (wfb::climate mali "hot and dry February to June" );; line 70038 (wfb::climate mali "rainy, humid, and mild June to November" );; line 70038 (wfb::climate mali "cool and dry November to February" );; line 70038 (wfb::terrain mali "mostly flat to rolling northern plains covered by sand" );; line 70043 (wfb::terrain mali "savanna in south, rugged hills in northeast" );; line 70043 (wfb::natural-resource mali gold );; line 70048 (wfb::natural-resource mali phosphates );; line 70048 (wfb::natural-resource mali kaolin );; line 70048 (wfb::natural-resource mali salt );; line 70048 (wfb::natural-resource mali limestone );; line 70048 (wfb::natural-resource mali uranium );; line 70048 (wfb::natural-resource mali bauxite );; line 70048 (wfb::natural-resource mali iron_ore );; line 70048 (wfb::natural-resource mali manganese );; line 70048 (wfb::natural-resource mali tin );; line 70048 (wfb::natural-resource mali copper_deposits_are_known_but_not_exploited );; line 70048 (wfb::land_use mali arable_land (* 2 %) );; line 70054 (wfb::land_use mali permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 70056 (wfb::land_use mali meadows_and_pastures (* 25 %) );; line 70058 (wfb::land_use mali forest_and_woodland (* 7 %) );; line 70060 (wfb::land_use mali other (* 66 %) );; line 70062 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land mali date_1989 );; line 70066 (wfb::irrigated_land mali (* 50 sq_km) );; line 70066 (wfb::environment mali current_issues "deforestation" );; line 70071 (wfb::environment mali current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 70071 (wfb::environment mali current_issues "desertification" );; line 70071 (wfb::environment mali current_issues "inadequate supplies of potable water" );; line 70071 (wfb::environment mali current_issues "poaching" );; line 70071 (wfb::environment mali natural_hazards "hot, dust-laden harmattan haze common during dry seasons" );; line 70074 (wfb::environment mali natural_hazards "recurring droughts" );; line 70074 (wfb::environment mali international_agreements "party to - Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands" );; line 70077 (wfb::environment mali international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Nuclear Test Ban" );; line 70077 (wfb::note mali "landlocked" );; line 70083 (wfb::estimation-date population mali date_jul_1995 );; line 70089 (wfb::population mali 9375132 );; line 70089 (wfb::age_structure mali 0-14_years (* 48 %) );; line 70094 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex mali 0-14_years female 2240565 );; line 70094 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex mali 0-14_years male 2242373 );; line 70094 (wfb::age_structure mali 15-64_years (* 49 %) );; line 70096 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex mali 15-64_years female 2416952 );; line 70096 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex mali 15-64_years male 2165043 );; line 70096 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure mali 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 70098 (wfb::age_structure mali 65_years_and_over (* 3 %) );; line 70098 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex mali 65_years_and_over female 162234 );; line 70098 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex mali 65_years_and_over male 147965 );; line 70098 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate mali date_1995 );; line 70102 (wfb::population_growth_rate mali (* 2.89 %) );; line 70102 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate mali date_1995 );; line 70106 (wfb::birth_rate mali (* 51.88 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 70106 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate mali date_1995 );; line 70110 (wfb::death_rate mali (* 19.93 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 70110 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate mali date_1995 );; line 70114 (wfb::net_migration_rate mali (* -3 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 70114 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate mali date_1995 );; line 70118 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate mali (* 104.5 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 70118 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth mali total_population (* 46.37 years) );; line 70123 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth mali male (* 44.7 years) );; line 70125 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth mali female date_1995 );; line 70127 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth mali female (* 48.09 years) );; line 70127 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate mali date_1995 );; line 70131 (wfb::total_fertility_rate mali (* 7.33 children_born/woman) );; line 70131 (wfb::nationality mali noun "Malian(s)" );; line 70136 (wfb::nationality mali adjective "Malian" );; line 70138 (wfb::comment ethnic-entity "Bambara, Malinke, Sarakole" );; line 70142 (wfb::ethnic-entity mali mande (* 50 %) );; line 70142 (wfb::ethnic-entity mali peul (* 17 %) );; line 70142 (wfb::ethnic-entity mali voltaic (* 12 %) );; line 70142 (wfb::ethnic-entity mali songhai (* 6 %) );; line 70142 (wfb::ethnic-entity mali tuareg_and_moor (* 10 %) );; line 70142 (wfb::religion mali muslim (* 90 %) );; line 70147 (wfb::religion mali indigenous_beliefs (* 9 %) );; line 70147 (wfb::religion mali christian (* 1 %) );; line 70147 (wfb::language mali french n/a );; line 70151 (wfb::comment language mali french "official" );; line 70151 (wfb::language mali bambara (* 80 %) );; line 70151 (wfb::language mali numerous_african_languages n/a );; line 70151 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition mali date_1988 );; line 70155 (wfb::literacy-condition mali "age 6 and over can read and write" );; line 70155 (wfb::literacy mali total_population (* 19 %) );; line 70157 (wfb::literacy mali male (* 27 %) );; line 70159 (wfb::literacy mali female (* 12 %) );; line 70161 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force mali date_1986 );; line 70165 (wfb::total_labor_force mali 2.666e6 );; line 70165 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force mali by_occupation date_1981 );; line 70167 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1981 );; line 70167 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation mali agriculture (* 80 %) );; line 70167 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation mali services (* 19 %) );; line 70167 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation mali industry_and_commerce (* 1 %) );; line 70167 (wfb::names mali conventional_long_form "Republic of Mali" );; line 70173 (wfb::names mali conventional_short_form "Mali" );; line 70175 (wfb::names mali local_long_form "Republique de Mali" );; line 70177 (wfb::names mali local_short_form "Mali" );; line 70179 (wfb::names mali former "French Sudan" );; line 70181 (wfb::digraph mali "ML" );; line 70185 (wfb::type mali "republic" );; line 70189 (wfb::capital mali bamako-mali );; line 70193 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_mali_regions "regions" "regions" "region" );; line 70197 (wfb::administrative_divisions mali adm_div_mali_regions 8 );; line 70197 (wfb::administrative_division_of mali adm_div_mali_regions "Gao" );; line 70197 (wfb::administrative_division_of mali adm_div_mali_regions "Kayes" );; line 70197 (wfb::administrative_division_of mali adm_div_mali_regions "Kidal" );; line 70197 (wfb::administrative_division_of mali adm_div_mali_regions "Koulikoro" );; line 70197 (wfb::administrative_division_of mali adm_div_mali_regions "Mopti" );; line 70197 (wfb::administrative_division_of mali adm_div_mali_regions "Segou" );; line 70197 (wfb::administrative_division_of mali adm_div_mali_regions "Sikasso" );; line 70197 (wfb::administrative_division_of mali adm_div_mali_regions "Tombouctou" );; line 70197 (wfb::independence mali date_22_sep_1960 "France" );; line 70202 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1960 );; line 70206 (wfb::comment national_holiday mali "1960" );; line 70206 (wfb::national_holiday mali "Anniversary of the Proclamation of the Republic" date_22_sep );; line 70206 (wfb::constitution mali "adopted 12 January 1992" );; line 70211 (wfb::legal_system mali "based on French civil law system and customary law; judicial review of legislative acts in Constitutional Court (which was formally established on 9 March 1994); has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 70215 (wfb::comment suffrage mali " universal" );; line 70221 (wfb::suffrage mali (* 21 years_of_age) );; line 70221 (wfb::comment executive_branch mali chief_of_state "election last held in April 1992 (next to be held April 1997)" );; line 70226 (wfb::comment executive_branch mali chief_of_state "Alpha KONARE was elected in runoff race against Montaga TALL" );; line 70226 (wfb::executive_branch mali chief_of_state "President Alpha Oumar KONARE " date_8_jun_1992 );; line 70226 (wfb::executive_branch mali head_of_government "Prime Minister Ibrahima Boubacar KEITA " date_mar_1994 );; line 70230 (wfb::comment executive_branch mali cabinet "appointed by the prime minister" );; line 70232 (wfb::executive_branch mali cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 70232 (wfb::legislative_structure mali unicameral n/a );; line 70236 (wfb::legislative_branch mali "National Assembly" "elections last held on 8 March 1992 (next to be held February 1997); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (116 total) Adema 76, CNID 9, US/RAD 8, Popular Movement for the Development of the Republic of West Africa 6, RDP 4, UDD 4, RDT 3, UFDP 3, PDP 2, UMDD 1" );; line 70238 (wfb::judicial_branch mali "Supreme Court (Cour Supreme)" );; line 70245 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders mali "Association for Democracy (Adema), Ibrahim Baubacar KEITA; National Congress for Democratic Initiative (CNID), Mountaga TALL; Sudanese Union/African Democratic Rally (US/RDA), Mamadou Madeira KEITA; Popular Movement for the Development of the Republic of West Africa; Rally for Democracy and Progress (RDP), Almamy SYLLA; Union for Democracy and Development (UDD), Moussa Balla COULIBALY; Rally for Democracy and Labor (RDT); Union of Democratic Forces for Progress (UFDP), Dembo DIALLO; Party for Democracy and Progress (PDP), Idrissa TRAORE; Malian Union for Democracy and Development (UMDD)" );; line 70249 (wfb::member_of mali acct );; line 70260 (wfb::member_of mali acp );; line 70260 (wfb::member_of mali afdb );; line 70260 (wfb::member_of mali ccc );; line 70260 (wfb::member_of mali ceao );; line 70260 (wfb::member_of mali eca );; line 70260 (wfb::member_of mali ecowas );; line 70260 (wfb::member_of mali fao );; line 70260 (wfb::member_of mali fz );; line 70260 (wfb::member_of mali g-77 );; line 70260 (wfb::member_of mali gatt );; line 70260 (wfb::member_of mali iaea );; line 70260 (wfb::member_of mali ibrd );; line 70260 (wfb::member_of mali icao );; line 70260 (wfb::member_of mali icftu );; line 70260 (wfb::member_of mali icrm );; line 70260 (wfb::member_of mali ida );; line 70260 (wfb::member_of mali idb );; line 70260 (wfb::member_of mali ifad );; line 70260 (wfb::member_of mali ifc );; line 70260 (wfb::member_of mali ifrcs );; line 70260 (wfb::member_of mali ilo );; line 70260 (wfb::member_of mali imf );; line 70260 (wfb::member_of mali intelsat );; line 70260 (wfb::member_of mali interpol );; line 70260 (wfb::member_of mali ioc );; line 70260 (wfb::member_of mali itu );; line 70260 (wfb::member_of mali nam );; line 70260 (wfb::member_of mali oau );; line 70260 (wfb::member_of mali oic );; line 70260 (wfb::member_of mali un );; line 70260 (wfb::member_of mali unamir );; line 70260 (wfb::member_of mali unctad );; line 70260 (wfb::member_of mali unesco );; line 70260 (wfb::member_of mali unido );; line 70260 (wfb::member_of mali upu );; line 70260 (wfb::member_of mali wadb );; line 70260 (wfb::member_of mali wcl );; line 70260 (wfb::member_of mali wftu );; line 70260 (wfb::member_of mali who );; line 70260 (wfb::member_of mali wipo );; line 70260 (wfb::member_of mali wmo );; line 70260 (wfb::member_of mali wto );; line 70260 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us mali chief_of_mission "Ambassador Ibrahim Siragatou CISSE" );; line 70268 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us mali chancery "2130 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 70270 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us mali telephone "[1] (202) 332-2249, 939-8950" );; line 70272 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation mali chief_of_mission "(vacant) (Ambassador William H. DAMERON III retired March 1995)" );; line 70277 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation mali embassy "Rue Rochester NY and Rue Mohamed V, Bamako" );; line 70279 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation mali mailing_address "B. P. 34, Bamako" );; line 70281 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation mali telephone "[223] 22 54 70" );; line 70283 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation mali fax "[223] 22 37 12" );; line 70285 (wfb::flag mali "three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), yellow, and red; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia" );; line 70289 (wfb::overview mali "Mali is among the poorest countries in the world, with 65% of its land area desert or semidesert. Economic activity is largely confined to the riverine area irrigated by the Niger. About 10% of the population is nomadic and some 80% of the labor force is engaged in agriculture and fishing. Industrial activity is concentrated on processing farm commodities. The economy is beginning to turn around after contracting through 1992-93, largely because of enhanced exports and import substitute production in the wake of the 50% devaluation of January 1994. Post-devaluation inflation appears to have peaked at 35% in 1994 and the government appears to be keeping on track with its IMF structural adjustment program." );; line 70295 (wfb::estimation-date national_product mali date_1994 );; line 70308 (wfb::national_product mali (* 5.4e9 $) );; line 70308 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate mali date_1994 );; line 70312 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate mali (* 2.4 %) );; line 70312 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita mali date_1994 );; line 70316 (wfb::national_product_per_capita mali (* 600 $) );; line 70316 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| mali "35% (1994 est.)" );; line 70320 (wfb::unemployment_rate mali (* n/a %) );; line 70324 (wfb::budget mali revenues (* 376e6 $) );; line 70329 (wfb::estimation-date budget mali date_1992 );; line 70331 (wfb::budget mali expenditures (* 697e6 $) );; line 70331 (wfb::budget mali capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 70331 (wfb::exports mali (* 415e6 $) );; line 70335 (wfb::exports mali commodities cotton n/a );; line 70337 (wfb::exports mali commodities livestock n/a );; line 70337 (wfb::exports mali commodities gold-commodity n/a );; line 70337 (wfb::imports mali (* 842e6 $) );; line 70343 (wfb::imports mali commodities machinery_and_equipment n/a );; line 70345 (wfb::imports mali commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 70345 (wfb::imports mali commodities construction_materials n/a );; line 70345 (wfb::imports mali commodities petroleum-commodity n/a );; line 70345 (wfb::imports mali commodities textiles-commodity n/a );; line 70345 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt mali date_1991 );; line 70352 (wfb::external_debt mali (* 2.6e9 $) );; line 70352 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1992 );; line 70356 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production mali date_1992 );; line 70356 (wfb::industrial_production mali growth_rate (* -1.4 %) );; line 70356 (wfb::industrial_production mali accounts_for (* 13.0 %_of_gdp) );; line 70356 (wfb::electricity mali capacity (* 90000 kw) );; line 70361 (wfb::electricity mali production (* 310e6 kwh) );; line 70363 (wfb::measurement-date electricity mali consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 70365 (wfb::electricity mali consumption_per_capita (* 33 kwh) );; line 70365 (wfb::industry mali minor_local_consumer_goods_production_and_food_processing );; line 70369 (wfb::industry mali construction-industry );; line 70369 (wfb::industry mali phosphate_and_gold_mining );; line 70369 (wfb::agriculture mali "accounts for 50% of GDP; mostly subsistence farming; cotton and livestock products account for over 70% of exports; other crops - millet, rice, corn, vegetables, peanuts; livestock - cattle, sheep, goats" );; line 70374 (wfb::economic_aid mali recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $349 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $3.02 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $92 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $190 million" );; line 70381 (wfb::abbreviation cfa_franc "CFAF" );; line 70388 (wfb::currency mali cfa_franc 100 centimes );; line 70388 (wfb::exchange_rates mali "Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (CFAF) per US$1 - 529.43 (January 1995), 555.20 (1994), 283.16 (1993), 264.69 (1992), 282.11 (1991), 272.26 (1990)" );; line 70392 (wfb::comment exchange_rates mali "beginning 12 January 1994, the CFA franc was devalued to CFAF 100 per French franc from CFAF 50 at which it had been fixed since 1948" );; line 70396 (wfb::fiscal_year mali date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 70401 (wfb::railroads mali total "642 km; note - linked to Senegal's rail system through Kayes" );; line 70407 (wfb::railroads mali narrow_gauge "642 km 1.000-m gauge" );; line 70409 (wfb::highways mali total (* 15700 km) );; line 70414 (wfb::highways mali paved (* 1670 km) );; line 70416 (wfb::highways mali (union gravel improved_earth ) (* 3670 km) );; line 70418 (wfb::highways mali unimproved_earth (* 10360 km) );; line 70418 (wfb::inland_waterways mali "1,815 km navigable" );; line 70422 (wfb::port mali koulikoro-mali );; line 70426 (wfb::airports mali total 33 );; line 70431 (wfb::airports mali |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 4 );; line 70433 (wfb::airports mali |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 1 );; line 70435 (wfb::airports mali |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 2 );; line 70437 (wfb::airports mali with_paved_runways_under_914_m 10 );; line 70439 (wfb::airports mali |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 70441 (wfb::airports mali |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 3 );; line 70443 (wfb::airports mali |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 12 );; line 70445 (wfb::telephone_system mali "11,000 telephones; domestic system poor but improving; provides only minimal service" );; line 70450 (wfb::telephone_system mali local "NA" );; line 70453 (wfb::telephone_system mali intercity "microwave radio relay, wire, and radio communications stations; expansion of microwave radio relay in progress" );; line 70455 (wfb::telephone_system mali international "2 INTELSAT (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) earth stations" );; line 70458 (wfb::radio mali broadcast_stations am 2 );; line 70463 (wfb::radio mali broadcast_stations fm 2 );; line 70463 (wfb::radio mali broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 70463 (wfb::radio mali radios n/a );; line 70465 (wfb::television mali broadcast_stations 2 );; line 70470 (wfb::television mali televisions n/a );; line 70472 (wfb::defense_branch mali army_mali );; line 70478 (wfb::defense_branch mali air_force_mali );; line 70478 (wfb::defense_branch mali gendarmerie_mali );; line 70478 (wfb::defense_branch mali republican_guard_mali );; line 70478 (wfb::defense_branch mali national_guard_mali );; line 70478 (wfb::comment defense_branch mali national_police_mali "Surete Nationale" );; line 70478 (wfb::defense_branch mali national_police_mali );; line 70478 (wfb::manpower_availability mali "males age 15-49 1,861,977; males fit for military service 1,062,916 (1995 est.)" );; line 70483 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures mali date_1994 );; line 70488 (wfb::defense_expenditures mali (* 66e6 $) );; line 70488 (wfb::defense_expenditures mali (* 2.2 %_of_gdp) );; line 70488 (wfb::markup-parameter figure malta "graphno=\"mt.tif\"" );; line 70494 (wfb::location malta "Southern Europe, islands in the Mediterranean Sea, south of Sicily (Italy)" );; line 70498 (wfb::map_references malta "Europe" );; line 70503 (wfb::area malta total_area (* 320 sq_km) );; line 70508 (wfb::area malta land_area (* 320 sq_km) );; line 70510 (wfb::area malta comparative_area "slightly less than twice the size of Washington, DC" );; line 70512 (wfb::coastline malta (* 140 km) );; line 70520 (wfb::maritime_claims malta contiguous_zone (* 24 nm) );; line 70525 (wfb::maritime_claims malta exclusive_fishing_zone (* 25 nm) );; line 70529 (wfb::maritime_claims malta territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 70531 (wfb::international_disputes malta "Malta and Tunisia are discussing the commercial exploitation of the continental shelf between their countries, particularly for oil exploration" );; line 70535 (wfb::climate malta "Mediterranean with mild, rainy winters and hot, dry summers" );; line 70541 (wfb::terrain malta "mostly low, rocky, flat to dissected plains" );; line 70545 (wfb::terrain malta "many coastal cliffs" );; line 70545 (wfb::natural-resource malta limestone );; line 70549 (wfb::natural-resource malta salt );; line 70549 (wfb::land_use malta arable_land (* 38 %) );; line 70554 (wfb::land_use malta permanent_crops (* 3 %) );; line 70556 (wfb::land_use malta meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 70558 (wfb::land_use malta forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 70560 (wfb::land_use malta other (* 59 %) );; line 70562 (wfb::measurement-date irrigated_land malta date_1989 );; line 70566 (wfb::irrigated_land malta (* 10 sq_km) );; line 70566 (wfb::environment malta current_issues "very limited natural fresh water resources" );; line 70571 (wfb::environment malta current_issues "increasing reliance on desalination" );; line 70571 (wfb::environment malta natural_hazards "NA" );; line 70574 (wfb::environment malta international_agreements "party to - Climate Change, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands" );; line 70576 (wfb::environment malta international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Desertification" );; line 70576 (wfb::note malta "the country comprises an archipelago, with only the 3 largest islands (Malta, Gozo, and Comino) being inhabited; numerous bays provide good harbors" );; line 70582 (wfb::estimation-date population malta date_jul_1995 );; line 70590 (wfb::population malta 369609 );; line 70590 (wfb::age_structure malta 0-14_years (* 22 %) );; line 70595 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex malta 0-14_years female 39199 );; line 70595 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex malta 0-14_years male 41581 );; line 70595 (wfb::age_structure malta 15-64_years (* 67 %) );; line 70597 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex malta 15-64_years female 123665 );; line 70597 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex malta 15-64_years male 124167 );; line 70597 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure malta 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 70599 (wfb::age_structure malta 65_years_and_over (* 11 %) );; line 70599 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex malta 65_years_and_over female 23597 );; line 70599 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex malta 65_years_and_over male 17400 );; line 70599 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate malta date_1995 );; line 70603 (wfb::population_growth_rate malta (* 0.75 %) );; line 70603 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate malta date_1995 );; line 70607 (wfb::birth_rate malta (* 13.22 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 70607 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate malta date_1995 );; line 70611 (wfb::death_rate malta (* 7.43 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 70611 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate malta date_1995 );; line 70615 (wfb::net_migration_rate malta (* 1.7 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 70615 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate malta date_1995 );; line 70619 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate malta (* 7.7 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 70619 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth malta total_population (* 77.02 years) );; line 70624 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth malta male (* 74.75 years) );; line 70626 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth malta female date_1995 );; line 70628 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth malta female (* 79.48 years) );; line 70628 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate malta date_1995 );; line 70632 (wfb::total_fertility_rate malta (* 1.92 children_born/woman) );; line 70632 (wfb::nationality malta noun "Maltese (singular and plural)" );; line 70637 (wfb::nationality malta adjective "Maltese" );; line 70639 (wfb::ethnic-entity malta arab n/a );; line 70643 (wfb::ethnic-entity malta sicilian n/a );; line 70643 (wfb::ethnic-entity malta norman n/a );; line 70643 (wfb::ethnic-entity malta spanish n/a );; line 70643 (wfb::ethnic-entity malta italian-ethnic-entity n/a );; line 70643 (wfb::ethnic-entity malta english-ethnic-entity n/a );; line 70643 (wfb::religion malta roman_catholic (* 98 %) );; line 70647 (wfb::language malta maltese-language-group n/a );; line 70651 (wfb::comment language malta maltese-language-group "official" );; line 70651 (wfb::language malta english n/a );; line 70651 (wfb::comment language malta english "official" );; line 70651 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition malta date_1985 );; line 70655 (wfb::literacy-condition malta "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 70655 (wfb::literacy malta total_population (* 84 %) );; line 70657 (wfb::literacy malta male (* 86 %) );; line 70659 (wfb::literacy malta female (* 82 %) );; line 70661 (wfb::total_labor_force malta 127200 );; line 70665 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force malta by_occupation date_1990 );; line 70667 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1990 );; line 70667 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation malta |government (excluding job corps)| (* 37 %) );; line 70667 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation malta services (* 26 %) );; line 70667 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation malta manufacturing (* 22 %) );; line 70667 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation malta training_programs (* 9 %) );; line 70667 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation malta construction (* 4 %) );; line 70667 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation malta agriculture (* 2 %) );; line 70667 (wfb::names malta conventional_long_form "Republic of Malta" );; line 70674 (wfb::names malta conventional_short_form "Malta" );; line 70676 (wfb::digraph malta "MT" );; line 70680 (wfb::type malta "parliamentary democracy" );; line 70684 (wfb::capital malta valletta-malta );; line 70688 (wfb::independence malta date_21_sep_1964 "UK" );; line 70696 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1964 );; line 70700 (wfb::comment national_holiday malta "1964" );; line 70700 (wfb::national_holiday malta "Independence Day" date_21_sep );; line 70700 (wfb::constitution malta "1964 constitution substantially amended on 13 December 1974" );; line 70704 (wfb::legal_system malta "based on English common law and Roman civil law; has accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations" );; line 70708 (wfb::comment suffrage malta " universal" );; line 70713 (wfb::suffrage malta (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 70713 (wfb::executive_branch malta chief_of_state "President Ugo MIFSUD BONNICI " date_4_apr_1994 );; line 70718 (wfb::comment executive_branch malta head_of_government "Deputy Prime Minister Dr. Guido DE MARCO (since 14 May 1987)" );; line 70720 (wfb::executive_branch malta head_of_government "Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Dr. Edward (Eddie) FENECH ADAMI " date_12_may_1987 );; line 70720 (wfb::comment executive_branch malta cabinet "appointed by the president on advice of the prime minister" );; line 70724 (wfb::executive_branch malta cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 70724 (wfb::legislative_structure malta unicameral n/a );; line 70729 (wfb::legislative_branch malta "House of Representatives" "elections last held 22 February 1992 (next to be held by February 1997); results - NP 51.8%, MLP 46.5%; seats - (usually 65 total) MLP 36, NP 29; note - additional seats are given to the party with the largest popular vote to ensure a legislative majority; current total: 69 (MLP 33, NP 36 after adjustment)" );; line 70731 (wfb::judicial_branch malta "Constitutional Court, Court of Appeal" );; line 70739 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders malta "Nationalist Party (NP), Edward FENECH ADAMI; Malta Labor Party (MLP), Alfred SANT" );; line 70743 (wfb::member_of malta c );; line 70748 (wfb::member_of malta ccc );; line 70748 (wfb::member_of malta ce );; line 70748 (wfb::member_of malta ebrd );; line 70748 (wfb::member_of malta ece );; line 70748 (wfb::member_of malta fao );; line 70748 (wfb::member_of malta g-77 );; line 70748 (wfb::member_of malta gatt );; line 70748 (wfb::member_of malta ibrd );; line 70748 (wfb::member_of malta icao );; line 70748 (wfb::member_of malta icftu );; line 70748 (wfb::member_of malta icrm );; line 70748 (wfb::member_of malta ifad );; line 70748 (wfb::member_of malta ilo );; line 70748 (wfb::member_of malta imf );; line 70748 (wfb::member_of malta imo );; line 70748 (wfb::member_of malta inmarsat );; line 70748 (wfb::member_of malta intelsat );; line 70748 (wfb::comment member_of malta intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 70748 (wfb::member_of malta interpol );; line 70748 (wfb::member_of malta ioc );; line 70748 (wfb::member_of malta iso );; line 70748 (wfb::comment member_of malta iso "correspondent" );; line 70748 (wfb::member_of malta itu );; line 70748 (wfb::member_of malta nam );; line 70748 (wfb::member_of malta osce );; line 70748 (wfb::member_of malta pca );; line 70748 (wfb::member_of malta un );; line 70748 (wfb::member_of malta unctad );; line 70748 (wfb::member_of malta unesco );; line 70748 (wfb::member_of malta unido );; line 70748 (wfb::member_of malta upu );; line 70748 (wfb::member_of malta wcl );; line 70748 (wfb::member_of malta who );; line 70748 (wfb::member_of malta wipo );; line 70748 (wfb::member_of malta wmo );; line 70748 (wfb::member_of malta wto );; line 70748 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us malta chief_of_mission "Ambassador Albert Borg Olivier DE PUGET" );; line 70756 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us malta chancery "2017 Connecticut Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 70758 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us malta telephone "[1] (202) 462-3611, 3612" );; line 70760 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us malta fax "[1] (202) 387-5470" );; line 70762 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us malta |consulate(s)| "New York" );; line 70764 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation malta chief_of_mission "Ambassador Joseph R. PAOLINO, Jr." );; line 70769 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation malta embassy "2nd Floor, Development House, Saint Anne Street, Floriana, Malta" );; line 70771 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation malta mailing_address "P. O. Box 535, Valletta" );; line 70773 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation malta telephone "[356] 235960" );; line 70775 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation malta fax "[356] 243229" );; line 70777 (wfb::flag malta "two equal vertical bands of white (hoist side) and red; in the upper hoist-side corner is a representation of the George Cross, edged in red" );; line 70781 (wfb::overview malta "Significant resources are limestone, a favorable geographic location, and a productive labor force. Malta produces only about 20% of its food needs, has limited freshwater supplies, and has no domestic energy sources. Consequently, the economy is highly dependent on foreign trade and services. Manufacturing and tourism are the largest contributors to the economy. Manufacturing accounts for about 24% of GDP, with the electronics and textile industries major contributors and with the state-owned Malta drydocks employing about 4,300 people. In 1994, over 1,000,000 tourists visited the island. Per capita GDP of $10,760 places Malta in the range of the less affluent EU countries." );; line 70788 (wfb::estimation-date national_product malta date_1994 );; line 70800 (wfb::national_product malta (* 3.9e9 $) );; line 70800 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate malta date_1994 );; line 70804 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate malta (* 4.4 %) );; line 70804 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita malta date_1994 );; line 70808 (wfb::national_product_per_capita malta (* 10760 $) );; line 70808 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| malta "5% (1994 est.)" );; line 70812 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate malta date_mar_1994 );; line 70816 (wfb::unemployment_rate malta (* 4.5 %) );; line 70816 (wfb::budget malta revenues (* 1.4e9 $) );; line 70821 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year budget malta 94 );; line 70823 (wfb::budget malta expenditures (* 1.4e9 $) );; line 70823 (wfb::budget malta capital_expenditures (* 215e6 $) );; line 70823 (wfb::exports malta (* 1.3e9 $) );; line 70828 (wfb::exports malta commodities machinery_and_transport_equipment n/a );; line 70830 (wfb::exports malta commodities clothing_and_footware n/a );; line 70830 (wfb::exports malta commodities printed_matter n/a );; line 70830 (wfb::exports malta partners italy (* 32 %) );; line 70833 (wfb::exports malta partners germany (* 16 %) );; line 70833 (wfb::exports malta partners uk (* 8 %) );; line 70833 (wfb::imports malta (* 2.1e9 $) );; line 70837 (wfb::imports malta commodities food n/a );; line 70839 (wfb::imports malta commodities petroleum-commodity n/a );; line 70839 (wfb::imports malta commodities machinery_and_semimanufactured_goods n/a );; line 70839 (wfb::imports malta partners italy (* 27 %) );; line 70841 (wfb::imports malta partners germany (* 14 %) );; line 70841 (wfb::imports malta partners uk (* 13 %) );; line 70841 (wfb::imports malta partners us (* 9 %) );; line 70841 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt malta date_1992 );; line 70845 (wfb::external_debt malta (* 603e6 $) );; line 70845 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1992 );; line 70849 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production malta date_1992 );; line 70849 (wfb::industrial_production malta growth_rate (* 5.4 %) );; line 70849 (wfb::industrial_production malta accounts_for (* 27 %_of_gdp) );; line 70849 (wfb::electricity malta capacity (* 250000 kw) );; line 70854 (wfb::electricity malta production (* 1.1e9 kwh) );; line 70856 (wfb::measurement-date electricity malta consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 70858 (wfb::electricity malta consumption_per_capita (* 2749 kwh) );; line 70858 (wfb::industry malta tourism );; line 70862 (wfb::industry malta electronics-industry );; line 70862 (wfb::industry malta ship_repairyard );; line 70862 (wfb::industry malta construction-industry );; line 70862 (wfb::industry malta food_manufacturing );; line 70862 (wfb::industry malta textiles );; line 70862 (wfb::industry malta footwear-industry );; line 70862 (wfb::industry malta clothing );; line 70862 (wfb::industry malta beverages-industry );; line 70862 (wfb::industry malta tobacco-industry );; line 70862 (wfb::agriculture malta "accounts for 3% of GDP and 2% of the work force (1992); overall, 20% self-sufficient; main products - potatoes, cauliflower, grapes, wheat, barley, tomatoes, citrus, cut flowers, green peppers, hogs, poultry, eggs; generally adequate supplies of vegetables, poultry, milk, pork products; seasonal or periodic shortages in grain, animal fodder, fruits, other basic foodstuffs" );; line 70867 (wfb::illicit_drugs malta "transshipment point for hashish from North Africa to Western Europe" );; line 70876 (wfb::economic_aid malta recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-81), $172 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $336 million; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $76 million; Communist countries (1970-88), $48 million" );; line 70882 (wfb::abbreviation maltese_lira "LM" );; line 70889 (wfb::currency malta maltese_lira 100 cents );; line 70889 (wfb::exchange_rates malta "Maltese liri (LM) per US$1 - 0.3656 (January 1995), 0.3776 (1994), 0.3821 (1993), 0.3178 (1992), 0.3226 (1991), 0.3172 (1990)" );; line 70893 (wfb::fiscal_year malta date_1_apr date_31_mar );; line 70898 (wfb::railroads malta "0 km" );; line 70903 (wfb::highways malta total (* 1291 km) );; line 70908 (wfb::highways malta asphalt (* 1179 km) );; line 70910 (wfb::highways malta (union gravel crushed_stone ) (* 77 km) );; line 70912 (wfb::highways malta earth (* 35 km) );; line 70912 (wfb::port malta marsaxlokk-malta );; line 70916 (wfb::port malta valletta-malta );; line 70916 (wfb::merchant_marine malta total "964 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 15,518,359 GRT/26,604,739 DWT" );; line 70921 (wfb::merchant_marine malta ships_by_type "barge carrier 3, bulk 272, cargo 300, chemical tanker 30, combination bulk 26, combination ore/oil 16, container 33, liquefied gas tanker 3, multifunction large-load carrier 3, oil tanker 191, passenger 7, passenger-cargo 3, railcar carrier 1, refrigerated cargo 14, roll-on/roll-off cargo 26, short-sea passenger 20, specialized tanker 5, vehicle carrier 11" );; line 70924 (wfb::comment merchant_marine malta "a flag of convenience registry; includes 49 countries; the 10 major fleet flags are: Greece 351 ships, Russia 66, Croatia 63, Switzerland 31, Montenegro 29, Italy 27, Germany 23, Monaco 20, UK 20, and Georgia 10" );; line 70930 (wfb::airports malta total 1 );; line 70937 (wfb::airports malta |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 70939 (wfb::telephone_system malta "153,000 telephones; automatic system satisfies normal requirements" );; line 70944 (wfb::telephone_system malta local "NA" );; line 70947 (wfb::telephone_system malta intercity "submarine cable and microwave radio relay between islands" );; line 70949 (wfb::telephone_system malta international "1 submarine cable and 1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station" );; line 70951 (wfb::radio malta broadcast_stations am 8 );; line 70956 (wfb::radio malta broadcast_stations fm 4 );; line 70956 (wfb::radio malta broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 70956 (wfb::radio malta radios n/a );; line 70958 (wfb::television malta broadcast_stations 2 );; line 70963 (wfb::television malta televisions n/a );; line 70965 (wfb::defense_branch malta armed_forces_malta );; line 70971 (wfb::defense_branch malta maltese_police_force_malta );; line 70971 (wfb::manpower_availability malta "males age 15-49 98,525; males fit for military service 78,305 (1995 est.)" );; line 70975 (wfb::for-fiscal-year defense_expenditures malta 92 );; line 70980 (wfb::defense_expenditures malta (* 21.4e6 $) );; line 70980 (wfb::markup-parameter figure |Man, Isle of| "graphno=\"im.tif\"" );; line 70987 (wfb::header |Man, Isle of| "(British crown dependency)" );; line 70987 (wfb::location |Man, Isle of| "Western Europe, island in the Irish Sea, between Great Britain and Ireland" );; line 70991 (wfb::map_references |Man, Isle of| "Europe" );; line 70996 (wfb::area |Man, Isle of| total_area (* 588 sq_km) );; line 71001 (wfb::area |Man, Isle of| land_area (* 588 sq_km) );; line 71003 (wfb::area |Man, Isle of| comparative_area "nearly 3.5 times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 71005 (wfb::coastline |Man, Isle of| (* 113 km) );; line 71013 (wfb::maritime_claims |Man, Isle of| exclusive_fishing_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 71018 (wfb::maritime_claims |Man, Isle of| territorial_sea (* 3 nm) );; line 71020 (wfb::international_disputes |Man, Isle of| "none" );; line 71024 (wfb::climate |Man, Isle of| "cool summers and mild winters" );; line 71028 (wfb::climate |Man, Isle of| "humid" );; line 71028 (wfb::climate |Man, Isle of| "overcast about half the time" );; line 71028 (wfb::terrain |Man, Isle of| "hills in north and south bisected by central valley" );; line 71033 (wfb::natural-resource |Man, Isle of| lead );; line 71037 (wfb::natural-resource |Man, Isle of| iron_ore );; line 71037 (wfb::land_use |Man, Isle of| arable_land (* n/a %) );; line 71042 (wfb::land_use |Man, Isle of| permanent_crops (* n/a %) );; line 71044 (wfb::land_use |Man, Isle of| meadows_and_pastures (* n/a %) );; line 71046 (wfb::land_use |Man, Isle of| forest_and_woodland (* n/a %) );; line 71048 (wfb::comment land_use |Man, Isle of| other "extensive arable land and forests" );; line 71050 (wfb::land_use |Man, Isle of| other (* n/a %) );; line 71050 (wfb::irrigated_land |Man, Isle of| (* n/a sq_km) );; line 71054 (wfb::environment |Man, Isle of| current_issues "NA" );; line 71059 (wfb::environment |Man, Isle of| natural_hazards "NA" );; line 71061 (wfb::environment |Man, Isle of| international_agreements "NA" );; line 71063 (wfb::note |Man, Isle of| "one small islet, the Calf of Man, lies to the southwest, and is a bird sanctuary" );; line 71067 (wfb::estimation-date population |Man, Isle of| date_jul_1995 );; line 71074 (wfb::population |Man, Isle of| 72751 );; line 71074 (wfb::age_structure |Man, Isle of| 0-14_years (* 18 %) );; line 71079 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex |Man, Isle of| 0-14_years female 6462 );; line 71079 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex |Man, Isle of| 0-14_years male 6833 );; line 71079 (wfb::age_structure |Man, Isle of| 15-64_years (* 64 %) );; line 71081 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex |Man, Isle of| 15-64_years female 23219 );; line 71081 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex |Man, Isle of| 15-64_years male 23348 );; line 71081 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure |Man, Isle of| 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 71083 (wfb::age_structure |Man, Isle of| 65_years_and_over (* 18 %) );; line 71083 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex |Man, Isle of| 65_years_and_over female 7759 );; line 71083 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex |Man, Isle of| 65_years_and_over male 5130 );; line 71083 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate |Man, Isle of| date_1995 );; line 71087 (wfb::population_growth_rate |Man, Isle of| (* 0.99 %) );; line 71087 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate |Man, Isle of| date_1995 );; line 71091 (wfb::birth_rate |Man, Isle of| (* 13.73 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 71091 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate |Man, Isle of| date_1995 );; line 71095 (wfb::death_rate |Man, Isle of| (* 12.36 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 71095 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate |Man, Isle of| date_1995 );; line 71099 (wfb::net_migration_rate |Man, Isle of| (* 8.55 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 71099 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate |Man, Isle of| date_1995 );; line 71103 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate |Man, Isle of| (* 8 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 71103 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth |Man, Isle of| total_population (* 76.53 years) );; line 71108 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth |Man, Isle of| male (* 73.78 years) );; line 71110 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth |Man, Isle of| female date_1995 );; line 71112 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth |Man, Isle of| female (* 79.48 years) );; line 71112 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate |Man, Isle of| date_1995 );; line 71116 (wfb::total_fertility_rate |Man, Isle of| (* 1.8 children_born/woman) );; line 71116 (wfb::nationality |Man, Isle of| noun "Manxman, Manxwoman" );; line 71121 (wfb::nationality |Man, Isle of| adjective "Manx" );; line 71123 (wfb::ethnic-entity |Man, Isle of| manx n/a );; line 71127 (wfb::ethnic-entity |Man, Isle of| briton n/a );; line 71127 (wfb::religion |Man, Isle of| anglican n/a );; line 71131 (wfb::religion |Man, Isle of| roman_catholic n/a );; line 71131 (wfb::religion |Man, Isle of| methodist n/a );; line 71131 (wfb::religion |Man, Isle of| baptist n/a );; line 71131 (wfb::religion |Man, Isle of| presbyterian n/a );; line 71131 (wfb::religion |Man, Isle of| society_of_friends n/a );; line 71131 (wfb::language |Man, Isle of| english n/a );; line 71136 (wfb::language |Man, Isle of| manx_gaelic n/a );; line 71136 (wfb::literacy-condition |Man, Isle of| "NA%" );; line 71140 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force |Man, Isle of| date_1981 );; line 71144 (wfb::total_labor_force |Man, Isle of| 25864 );; line 71144 (wfb::names |Man, Isle of| conventional_short_form "Isle of Man" );; line 71154 (wfb::digraph |Man, Isle of| "IM" );; line 71158 (wfb::type |Man, Isle of| "British crown dependency" );; line 71162 (wfb::capital |Man, Isle of| |Douglas-Man, Isle of| );; line 71166 (wfb::comment independence |Man, Isle of| "British crown dependency" );; line 71174 (wfb::national_holiday |Man, Isle of| "Tynwald Day" date_5_jul );; line 71178 (wfb::constitution |Man, Isle of| "1961, Isle of Man Constitution Act" );; line 71182 (wfb::legal_system |Man, Isle of| "English law and local statute" );; line 71186 (wfb::comment suffrage |Man, Isle of| " universal" );; line 71190 (wfb::suffrage |Man, Isle of| (* 21 years_of_age) );; line 71190 (wfb::executive_branch |Man, Isle of| cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 71201 (wfb::legislative_structure |Man, Isle of| bicameral "Tynwald" );; line 71205 (wfb::legislative_branch |Man, Isle of| "Legislative Council" "consists of a 10-member body composed of the Lord Bishop of Sodor and Man, a nonvoting attorney general, and 8 others named by the House of Keys" );; line 71207 (wfb::legislative_branch |Man, Isle of| "House of Keys" "elections last held NA 1991 (next to be held NA 1996); results - percent of vote NA; seats - (24 total) independents 24" );; line 71211 (wfb::judicial_branch |Man, Isle of| "Court of Tynwald" );; line 71216 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders |Man, Isle of| "there is no party system and members sit as independents" );; line 71220 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us |Man, Isle of| "none (British crown dependency)" );; line 71228 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation |Man, Isle of| "none (British crown dependency)" );; line 71232 (wfb::flag |Man, Isle of| "red with the Three Legs of Man emblem (Trinacria), in the center; the three legs are joined at the thigh and bent at the knee; in order to have the toes pointing clockwise on both sides of the flag, a two-sided emblem is used" );; line 71236 (wfb::overview |Man, Isle of| "Offshore banking, manufacturing, and tourism are key sectors of the economy. The government's policy of offering incentives to high-technology companies and financial institutions to locate on the island has paid off in expanding employment opportunities in high-income industries. As a result, agriculture and fishing, once the mainstays of the economy, have declined in their shares of GDP. Banking now contributes about 45% to GDP. Trade is mostly with the UK. The Isle of Man enjoys free access to European Union markets." );; line 71244 (wfb::estimation-date national_product |Man, Isle of| date_1994 );; line 71255 (wfb::national_product |Man, Isle of| (* 780e6 $) );; line 71255 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate |Man, Isle of| (* n/a %) );; line 71259 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita |Man, Isle of| date_1994 );; line 71263 (wfb::national_product_per_capita |Man, Isle of| (* 10800 $) );; line 71263 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| |Man, Isle of| "7% (1992 est.)" );; line 71267 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate |Man, Isle of| date_1992 );; line 71271 (wfb::unemployment_rate |Man, Isle of| (* 1 %) );; line 71271 (wfb::budget |Man, Isle of| revenues (* 130.4e6 $) );; line 71276 (wfb::estimation-date budget |Man, Isle of| date_1985 );; line 71278 (wfb::budget |Man, Isle of| expenditures (* 114.4e6 $) );; line 71278 (wfb::budget |Man, Isle of| capital_expenditures (* 18.1e6 $) );; line 71278 (wfb::exports |Man, Isle of| (* n/a $) );; line 71283 (wfb::exports |Man, Isle of| commodities tweeds n/a );; line 71285 (wfb::exports |Man, Isle of| commodities herring n/a );; line 71285 (wfb::exports |Man, Isle of| commodities processed_shellfish n/a );; line 71285 (wfb::exports |Man, Isle of| commodities beef n/a );; line 71285 (wfb::exports |Man, Isle of| commodities lamb n/a );; line 71285 (wfb::imports |Man, Isle of| (* n/a $) );; line 71291 (wfb::imports |Man, Isle of| commodities timber-commodity n/a );; line 71293 (wfb::imports |Man, Isle of| commodities fertilizers-commodity n/a );; line 71293 (wfb::imports |Man, Isle of| commodities fish-commodity n/a );; line 71293 (wfb::external_debt |Man, Isle of| (* n/a $) );; line 71299 (wfb::industrial_production |Man, Isle of| growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 71303 (wfb::electricity |Man, Isle of| capacity (* 61000 kw) );; line 71308 (wfb::electricity |Man, Isle of| production (* 190e6 kwh) );; line 71310 (wfb::measurement-date electricity |Man, Isle of| consumption_per_capita date_1992 );; line 71312 (wfb::electricity |Man, Isle of| consumption_per_capita (* 2965 kwh) );; line 71312 (wfb::industry |Man, Isle of| financial_services-industry );; line 71316 (wfb::industry |Man, Isle of| light_manufacturing );; line 71316 (wfb::industry |Man, Isle of| tourism );; line 71316 (wfb::agriculture |Man, Isle of| "cereals and vegetables; cattle, sheep, pigs, poultry" );; line 71320 (wfb::economic_aid |Man, Isle of| "$NA" );; line 71324 (wfb::abbreviation manx_pound "#M" );; line 71328 (wfb::currency |Man, Isle of| manx_pound 100 pence );; line 71328 (wfb::exchange_rates |Man, Isle of| "Manx pounds (#M) per US$1 - 0.6350 (January 1995), 0.6529 (1994), 0.6658 (1993), 0.5664 (1992), 0.5652 (1991), 0.5603 (1990); the Manx pound is at par with the British pound" );; line 71332 (wfb::fiscal_year |Man, Isle of| date_1_apr date_31_mar );; line 71338 (wfb::railroads |Man, Isle of| total "60 km (36 km electrified)" );; line 71344 (wfb::highways |Man, Isle of| total (* 640 km) );; line 71349 (wfb::port |Man, Isle of| |Castletown-Man, Isle of| );; line 71357 (wfb::port |Man, Isle of| |Douglas-Man, Isle of| );; line 71357 (wfb::port |Man, Isle of| |Peel-Man, Isle of| );; line 71357 (wfb::port |Man, Isle of| |Ramsey-Man, Isle of| );; line 71357 (wfb::merchant_marine |Man, Isle of| total "68 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,810,355 GRT/3,183,773 DWT" );; line 71362 (wfb::merchant_marine |Man, Isle of| ships_by_type "bulk 11, cargo 10, chemical tanker 4, container 9, liquefied gas tanker 8, oil tanker 15, roll-on/roll-off cargo 9, vehicle carrier 2" );; line 71364 (wfb::comment merchant_marine |Man, Isle of| "a flag of convenience registry; UK owns 9 ships, Switzerland 2, Denmark 1, Netherlands 1" );; line 71367 (wfb::airports |Man, Isle of| total 1 );; line 71373 (wfb::airports |Man, Isle of| |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 1 );; line 71375 (wfb::telephone_system |Man, Isle of| "24,435 telephones" );; line 71380 (wfb::telephone_system |Man, Isle of| local "NA" );; line 71382 (wfb::telephone_system |Man, Isle of| intercity "NA" );; line 71384 (wfb::telephone_system |Man, Isle of| international "NA" );; line 71386 (wfb::radio |Man, Isle of| broadcast_stations am 1 );; line 71391 (wfb::radio |Man, Isle of| broadcast_stations fm 4 );; line 71391 (wfb::radio |Man, Isle of| broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 71391 (wfb::radio |Man, Isle of| radios n/a );; line 71393 (wfb::television |Man, Isle of| broadcast_stations 4 );; line 71398 (wfb::television |Man, Isle of| televisions n/a );; line 71400 (wfb::note |Man, Isle of| "defense is the responsibility of the UK" );; line 71406 (wfb::markup-parameter figure marshall_islands "graphno=\"rm.tif\"" );; line 71412 (wfb::location marshall_islands "Oceania, group of atolls and reefs in the North Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to Papua New Guinea" );; line 71416 (wfb::map_references marshall_islands "Oceania" );; line 71421 (wfb::area marshall_islands total_area (* 181.3 sq_km) );; line 71426 (wfb::area marshall_islands land_area (* 181.3 sq_km) );; line 71428 (wfb::area marshall_islands comparative_area "slightly larger than Washington, DC" );; line 71430 (wfb::comment area marshall_islands "includes the atolls of Bikini, Eniwetak, and Kwajalein" );; line 71432 (wfb::coastline marshall_islands (* 370.4 km) );; line 71440 (wfb::maritime_claims marshall_islands contiguous_zone (* 24 nm) );; line 71445 (wfb::maritime_claims marshall_islands exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 71447 (wfb::maritime_claims marshall_islands territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 71449 (wfb::international_disputes marshall_islands "claims US territory of Wake Island" );; line 71453 (wfb::climate marshall_islands "wet season May to November" );; line 71457 (wfb::climate marshall_islands "hot" );; line 71457 (wfb::climate marshall_islands "humid" );; line 71457 (wfb::climate marshall_islands "islands border typhoon belt" );; line 71457 (wfb::terrain marshall_islands "low coral limestone and sand islands" );; line 71462 (wfb::natural-resource marshall_islands phosphate_deposits );; line 71466 (wfb::natural-resource marshall_islands marine_products );; line 71466 (wfb::natural-resource marshall_islands deep_seabed_minerals );; line 71466 (wfb::land_use marshall_islands arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 71471 (wfb::land_use marshall_islands permanent_crops (* 60 %) );; line 71473 (wfb::land_use marshall_islands meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 71475 (wfb::land_use marshall_islands forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 71477 (wfb::land_use marshall_islands other (* 40 %) );; line 71479 (wfb::irrigated_land marshall_islands (* n/a sq_km) );; line 71483 (wfb::environment marshall_islands current_issues "inadequate supplies of potable water" );; line 71488 (wfb::environment marshall_islands natural_hazards "occasional typhoons" );; line 71490 (wfb::environment marshall_islands international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution" );; line 71492 (wfb::note marshall_islands "two archipelagic island chains of 30 atolls and 1,152 islands; Bikini and Eniwetak are former US nuclear test sites; Kwajalein, the famous World War II battleground, is now used as a US missile test range" );; line 71497 (wfb::estimation-date population marshall_islands date_jul_1995 );; line 71505 (wfb::population marshall_islands 56157 );; line 71505 (wfb::age_structure marshall_islands 0-14_years (* 51 %) );; line 71510 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex marshall_islands 0-14_years female 13950 );; line 71510 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex marshall_islands 0-14_years male 14547 );; line 71510 (wfb::age_structure marshall_islands 15-64_years (* 47 %) );; line 71512 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex marshall_islands 15-64_years female 12801 );; line 71512 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex marshall_islands 15-64_years male 13470 );; line 71512 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure marshall_islands 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 71514 (wfb::age_structure marshall_islands 65_years_and_over (* 2 %) );; line 71514 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex marshall_islands 65_years_and_over female 740 );; line 71514 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex marshall_islands 65_years_and_over male 649 );; line 71514 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate marshall_islands date_1995 );; line 71518 (wfb::population_growth_rate marshall_islands (* 3.86 %) );; line 71518 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate marshall_islands date_1995 );; line 71522 (wfb::birth_rate marshall_islands (* 46.03 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 71522 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate marshall_islands date_1995 );; line 71526 (wfb::death_rate marshall_islands (* 7.48 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 71526 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate marshall_islands date_1995 );; line 71530 (wfb::net_migration_rate marshall_islands (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 71530 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate marshall_islands date_1995 );; line 71534 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate marshall_islands (* 48 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 71534 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth marshall_islands total_population (* 63.49 years) );; line 71539 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth marshall_islands male (* 61.94 years) );; line 71541 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth marshall_islands female date_1995 );; line 71543 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth marshall_islands female (* 65.11 years) );; line 71543 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate marshall_islands date_1995 );; line 71547 (wfb::total_fertility_rate marshall_islands (* 6.89 children_born/woman) );; line 71547 (wfb::nationality marshall_islands noun "Marshallese (singular and plural)" );; line 71552 (wfb::nationality marshall_islands adjective "Marshallese" );; line 71554 (wfb::ethnic-entity marshall_islands micronesian n/a );; line 71558 (wfb::comment religions marshall_islands "mostly Protestant" );; line 71562 (wfb::religion marshall_islands christian n/a );; line 71562 (wfb::language marshall_islands english n/a );; line 71566 (wfb::comment language marshall_islands english "universally spoken and is the official language" );; line 71566 (wfb::language marshall_islands japanese n/a );; line 71566 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition marshall_islands date_1980 );; line 71571 (wfb::literacy-condition marshall_islands "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 71571 (wfb::literacy marshall_islands total_population (* 93 %) );; line 71573 (wfb::literacy marshall_islands male (* 100 %) );; line 71575 (wfb::literacy marshall_islands female (* 88 %) );; line 71577 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force marshall_islands date_1986 );; line 71581 (wfb::total_labor_force marshall_islands 4800 );; line 71581 (wfb::names marshall_islands conventional_long_form "Republic of the Marshall Islands" );; line 71589 (wfb::names marshall_islands conventional_short_form "Marshall Islands" );; line 71591 (wfb::names marshall_islands former "Marshall Islands District (Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands)" );; line 71593 (wfb::digraph marshall_islands "RM" );; line 71598 (wfb::type marshall_islands "constitutional government in free association with the US; the Compact of Free Association entered into force 21 October 1986" );; line 71602 (wfb::capital marshall_islands majuro-marshall_islands );; line 71607 (wfb::independence marshall_islands date_21_oct_1986 "the US-administered UN trusteeship" );; line 71615 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1979 );; line 71619 (wfb::comment national_holiday marshall_islands "1979" );; line 71619 (wfb::national_holiday marshall_islands "Proclamation of the Republic of the Marshall Islands" date_1_may );; line 71619 (wfb::constitution marshall_islands "1 May 1979" );; line 71624 (wfb::legal_system marshall_islands "based on adapted Trust Territory laws, acts of the legislature, municipal, common, and customary laws" );; line 71628 (wfb::comment suffrage marshall_islands " universal" );; line 71633 (wfb::suffrage marshall_islands (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 71633 (wfb::comment executive_branch marshall_islands chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "election last held 6 January 1992 (next to be held NA)" );; line 71638 (wfb::comment executive_branch marshall_islands chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "results - President Amata KABUA was reelected" );; line 71638 (wfb::executive_branch marshall_islands chief_of_state "President Amata KABUA " date_1979 );; line 71638 (wfb::executive_branch marshall_islands head_of_government "President Amata KABUA " date_1979 );; line 71638 (wfb::comment executive_branch marshall_islands cabinet "president selects from the parliament" );; line 71641 (wfb::executive_branch marshall_islands cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 71641 (wfb::legislative_structure marshall_islands unicameral n/a );; line 71645 (wfb::legislative_branch marshall_islands "Parliament (Nitijela)" "elections last held 18 November 1991 (next to be held November 1995); results - percent of vote NA; seats - (33 total) independents 33" );; line 71647 (wfb::judicial_branch marshall_islands "Supreme Court" );; line 71652 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders marshall_islands "no formal parties; President KABUA is chief political (and traditional) leader" );; line 71656 (wfb::member_of marshall_islands asdb );; line 71661 (wfb::member_of marshall_islands escap );; line 71661 (wfb::member_of marshall_islands iaea );; line 71661 (wfb::member_of marshall_islands ibrd );; line 71661 (wfb::member_of marshall_islands icao );; line 71661 (wfb::member_of marshall_islands ida );; line 71661 (wfb::member_of marshall_islands ifc );; line 71661 (wfb::member_of marshall_islands imf );; line 71661 (wfb::member_of marshall_islands intelsat );; line 71661 (wfb::comment member_of marshall_islands intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 71661 (wfb::member_of marshall_islands interpol );; line 71661 (wfb::member_of marshall_islands sparteca );; line 71661 (wfb::member_of marshall_islands spc );; line 71661 (wfb::member_of marshall_islands spf );; line 71661 (wfb::member_of marshall_islands un );; line 71661 (wfb::member_of marshall_islands unctad );; line 71661 (wfb::member_of marshall_islands who );; line 71661 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us marshall_islands chief_of_mission "Ambassador Wilfred I. KENDALL" );; line 71667 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us marshall_islands chancery "2433 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 71669 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us marshall_islands telephone "[1] (202) 234-5414" );; line 71671 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us marshall_islands fax "[1] (202) 232-3236" );; line 71673 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us marshall_islands |consulate(s) general| "Honolulu and Los Angeles" );; line 71675 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation marshall_islands chief_of_mission "Ambassador David C. FIELDS" );; line 71680 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation marshall_islands embassy "address NA, Majuro" );; line 71682 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation marshall_islands mailing_address "P. O. Box 1379, Majuro, Republic of the Marshall Islands 96960-1379" );; line 71684 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation marshall_islands telephone "[692] 247-4011" );; line 71687 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation marshall_islands fax "[692] 247-4012" );; line 71689 (wfb::flag marshall_islands "blue with two stripes radiating from the lower hoist-side corner - orange (top) and white; there is a white star with four large rays and 20 small rays on the hoist side above the two stripes" );; line 71693 (wfb::overview marshall_islands "Agriculture and tourism are the mainstays of the economy. Agricultural production is concentrated on small farms, and the most important commercial crops are coconuts, tomatoes, melons, and breadfruit. A few cattle ranches supply the domestic meat market. Small-scale industry is limited to handicrafts, fish processing, and copra. The tourist industry is the primary source of foreign exchange and employs about 10% of the labor force. The islands have few natural resources, and imports far exceed exports. The US Government provides about 70% of the budget." );; line 71700 (wfb::estimation-date national_product marshall_islands date_1992 );; line 71711 (wfb::national_product marshall_islands (* 75e6 $) );; line 71711 (wfb::measurement-date national_product_real_growth_rate marshall_islands date_1992 );; line 71715 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate marshall_islands (* 6 %) );; line 71715 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita marshall_islands date_1992 );; line 71719 (wfb::national_product_per_capita marshall_islands (* 1500 $) );; line 71719 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| marshall_islands "7% (1992 est.)" );; line 71723 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate marshall_islands date_1991 );; line 71727 (wfb::unemployment_rate marshall_islands (* 16 %) );; line 71727 (wfb::budget marshall_islands revenues (* 106e6 $) );; line 71732 (wfb::measurement-date budget marshall_islands date_1993 );; line 71734 (wfb::budget marshall_islands expenditures (* 128.7e6 $) );; line 71734 (wfb::budget marshall_islands capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 71734 (wfb::exports marshall_islands (* 3.9e6 $) );; line 71738 (wfb::exports marshall_islands commodities coconut_oil-commodity n/a );; line 71740 (wfb::exports marshall_islands commodities fish-commodity n/a );; line 71740 (wfb::exports marshall_islands commodities live_animals n/a );; line 71740 (wfb::exports marshall_islands commodities trichus_shells n/a );; line 71740 (wfb::exports marshall_islands partners us n/a );; line 71742 (wfb::exports marshall_islands partners japan n/a );; line 71742 (wfb::exports marshall_islands partners australia n/a );; line 71742 (wfb::imports marshall_islands (* 62.9e6 $) );; line 71746 (wfb::imports marshall_islands commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 71748 (wfb::imports marshall_islands commodities machinery_and_equipment n/a );; line 71748 (wfb::imports marshall_islands commodities beverages_and_tobacco n/a );; line 71748 (wfb::imports marshall_islands commodities fuels n/a );; line 71748 (wfb::imports marshall_islands partners us n/a );; line 71750 (wfb::imports marshall_islands partners japan n/a );; line 71750 (wfb::imports marshall_islands partners australia n/a );; line 71750 (wfb::external_debt marshall_islands (* n/a $) );; line 71754 (wfb::industrial_production marshall_islands growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 71758 (wfb::electricity marshall_islands capacity (* 42000 kw) );; line 71763 (wfb::electricity marshall_islands production (* 80e6 kwh) );; line 71765 (wfb::measurement-date electricity marshall_islands consumption_per_capita date_1990 );; line 71767 (wfb::electricity marshall_islands consumption_per_capita (* 1840 kwh) );; line 71767 (wfb::industry marshall_islands copra-industry );; line 71771 (wfb::industry marshall_islands fish-industry );; line 71771 (wfb::industry marshall_islands tourism );; line 71771 (wfb::industry marshall_islands craft_items_from_shell );; line 71771 (wfb::industry marshall_islands wood-industry );; line 71771 (wfb::industry marshall_islands pearls );; line 71771 (wfb::industry marshall_islands |offshore banking (embryonic)| );; line 71771 (wfb::agriculture marshall_islands "coconuts, cacao, taro, breadfruit, fruits, pigs, chickens" );; line 71776 (wfb::economic_aid marshall_islands recipient "under the terms of the Compact of Free Association, the US is to provide approximately $40 million in aid annually" );; line 71781 (wfb::abbreviation united_states_dollar "US$" );; line 71786 (wfb::currency marshall_islands united_states_dollar 100 cents );; line 71786 (wfb::exchange_rates marshall_islands "US currency is used" );; line 71790 (wfb::fiscal_year marshall_islands date_1_oct date_30_sep );; line 71794 (wfb::railroads marshall_islands "0 km" );; line 71799 (wfb::comment highways marshall_islands "paved roads on major islands (Majuro, Kwajalein), otherwise stone-, coral-, or laterite-surfaced roads and tracks" );; line 71806 (wfb::port marshall_islands majuro-marshall_islands );; line 71811 (wfb::merchant_marine marshall_islands total "37 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 2,205,275 GRT/4,263,247 DWT" );; line 71816 (wfb::merchant_marine marshall_islands ships_by_type "bulk carrier 23, cargo 1, combination ore/oil 1, oil tanker 12" );; line 71818 (wfb::airports marshall_islands total 16 );; line 71823 (wfb::airports marshall_islands |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 3 );; line 71825 (wfb::airports marshall_islands |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 71827 (wfb::airports marshall_islands with_paved_runways_under_914_m 5 );; line 71829 (wfb::airports marshall_islands |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 1 );; line 71831 (wfb::airports marshall_islands |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 6 );; line 71833 (wfb::telephone_system marshall_islands "570 telephones (Majuro) and 186 telephones (Ebeye); telex services" );; line 71838 (wfb::telephone_system marshall_islands local "NA" );; line 71841 (wfb::telephone_system marshall_islands intercity "islands interconnected by shortwave radio (used mostly for government purposes)" );; line 71843 (wfb::telephone_system marshall_islands international "2 INTELSAT (Pacific Ocean) earth stations; US Government satellite communications system on Kwajalein" );; line 71846 (wfb::radio marshall_islands broadcast_stations am 1 );; line 71852 (wfb::radio marshall_islands broadcast_stations fm 2 );; line 71852 (wfb::radio marshall_islands broadcast_stations shortwave 1 );; line 71852 (wfb::radio marshall_islands radios n/a );; line 71854 (wfb::television marshall_islands broadcast_stations 1 );; line 71859 (wfb::television marshall_islands televisions n/a );; line 71861 (wfb::defense_branch marshall_islands no_regular_military_forces_marshall_islands );; line 71867 (wfb::defense_branch marshall_islands police_marshall_islands );; line 71867 (wfb::note marshall_islands "defense is the responsibility of the US" );; line 71871 (wfb::markup-parameter figure martinique "graphno=\"mb.tif\"" );; line 71877 (wfb::header martinique "(overseas department of France)" );; line 71877 (wfb::location martinique "Caribbean, island in the Caribbean Sea, north of Trinidad and Tobago" );; line 71882 (wfb::map_references martinique "Central America and the Caribbean" );; line 71887 (wfb::area martinique total_area (* 1100 sq_km) );; line 71892 (wfb::area martinique land_area (* 1060 sq_km) );; line 71894 (wfb::area martinique comparative_area "slightly more than six times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 71896 (wfb::coastline martinique (* 290 km) );; line 71904 (wfb::maritime_claims martinique exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 71909 (wfb::maritime_claims martinique territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 71911 (wfb::international_disputes martinique "none" );; line 71915 (wfb::climate martinique "tropical" );; line 71919 (wfb::climate martinique "moderated by trade winds" );; line 71919 (wfb::climate martinique "rainy season (June to October)" );; line 71919 (wfb::terrain martinique "mountainous with indented coastline" );; line 71924 (wfb::terrain martinique "dormant volcano" );; line 71924 (wfb::natural-resource martinique coastal_scenery_and_beaches );; line 71928 (wfb::natural-resource martinique cultivable_land );; line 71928 (wfb::land_use martinique arable_land (* 10 %) );; line 71933 (wfb::land_use martinique permanent_crops (* 8 %) );; line 71935 (wfb::land_use martinique meadows_and_pastures (* 30 %) );; line 71937 (wfb::land_use martinique forest_and_woodland (* 26 %) );; line 71939 (wfb::land_use martinique other (* 26 %) );; line 71941 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land martinique date_1989 );; line 71945 (wfb::irrigated_land martinique (* 60 sq_km) );; line 71945 (wfb::environment martinique current_issues "NA" );; line 71950 (wfb::environment martinique natural_hazards "hurricanes, flooding, and volcanic activity (an average of one major natural disaster every five years)" );; line 71952 (wfb::environment martinique international_agreements "NA" );; line 71955 (wfb::estimation-date population martinique date_jul_1995 );; line 71961 (wfb::population martinique 394787 );; line 71961 (wfb::age_structure martinique 0-14_years (* 23 %) );; line 71966 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex martinique 0-14_years female 44960 );; line 71966 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex martinique 0-14_years male 46512 );; line 71966 (wfb::age_structure martinique 15-64_years (* 67 %) );; line 71968 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex martinique 15-64_years female 134439 );; line 71968 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex martinique 15-64_years male 130642 );; line 71968 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure martinique 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 71970 (wfb::age_structure martinique 65_years_and_over (* 10 %) );; line 71970 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex martinique 65_years_and_over female 22058 );; line 71970 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex martinique 65_years_and_over male 16176 );; line 71970 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate martinique date_1995 );; line 71974 (wfb::population_growth_rate martinique (* 1.1 %) );; line 71974 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate martinique date_1995 );; line 71978 (wfb::birth_rate martinique (* 16.92 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 71978 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate martinique date_1995 );; line 71982 (wfb::death_rate martinique (* 5.82 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 71982 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate martinique date_1995 );; line 71986 (wfb::net_migration_rate martinique (* -0.1 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 71986 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate martinique date_1995 );; line 71990 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate martinique (* 7.3 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 71990 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth martinique total_population (* 78.67 years) );; line 71995 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth martinique male (* 75.94 years) );; line 71997 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth martinique female date_1995 );; line 71999 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth martinique female (* 81.53 years) );; line 71999 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate martinique date_1995 );; line 72003 (wfb::total_fertility_rate martinique (* 1.81 children_born/woman) );; line 72003 (wfb::nationality martinique noun "Martiniquais (singular and plural)" );; line 72008 (wfb::nationality martinique adjective "Martiniquais" );; line 72010 (wfb::ethnic-entity martinique african_and_african-caucasian-indian_mixture (* 90 %) );; line 72014 (wfb::ethnic-entity martinique caucasian (* 5 %) );; line 72014 (wfb::ethnic-entity martinique union15 (* 5 %) );; line 72014 (wfb::religion martinique roman_catholic (* 95 %) );; line 72019 (wfb::religion martinique hindu_and_pagan_african (* 5 %) );; line 72019 (wfb::language martinique french n/a );; line 72023 (wfb::language martinique creole_patois n/a );; line 72023 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition martinique date_1982 );; line 72027 (wfb::literacy-condition martinique "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 72027 (wfb::literacy martinique total_population (* 93 %) );; line 72029 (wfb::literacy martinique male (* 92 %) );; line 72031 (wfb::literacy martinique female (* 93 %) );; line 72033 (wfb::total_labor_force martinique 100000 );; line 72037 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation martinique service_industry (* 31.7 %) );; line 72039 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation martinique construction_and_public_works (* 29.4 %) );; line 72039 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation martinique agriculture (* 13.1 %) );; line 72039 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation martinique industry (* 7.3 %) );; line 72039 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation martinique fisheries (* 2.2 %) );; line 72039 (wfb::names martinique conventional_long_form "Department of Martinique" );; line 72046 (wfb::names martinique conventional_short_form "Martinique" );; line 72048 (wfb::names martinique local_long_form "Departement de la Martinique" );; line 72050 (wfb::names martinique local_short_form "Martinique" );; line 72052 (wfb::digraph martinique "MB" );; line 72056 (wfb::type martinique "overseas department of France" );; line 72060 (wfb::capital martinique fort-de-france-martinique );; line 72064 (wfb::comment independence martinique "overseas department of France" );; line 72072 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1789 );; line 72076 (wfb::comment national_holiday martinique "1789" );; line 72076 (wfb::constitution martinique "28 September 1958 (French Constitution)" );; line 72080 (wfb::legal_system martinique "French legal system" );; line 72084 (wfb::comment suffrage martinique " universal" );; line 72088 (wfb::suffrage martinique (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 72088 (wfb::executive_branch martinique chief_of_state "President Francois MITTERRAND " date_21_may_1981 );; line 72093 (wfb::comment executive_branch martinique head_of_government "President of the General Council Claude LISE (since 22 March 1992)" );; line 72095 (wfb::comment executive_branch martinique head_of_government "President of the Regional Council Emile CAPGRAS (since 22 March 1992)" );; line 72095 (wfb::executive_branch martinique cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 72099 (wfb::legislative_structure martinique unicameral "General Council and a unicameral Regional Assembly" );; line 72103 (wfb::legislative_branch martinique "General Council" "elections last held 25 September and 8 October 1988 (next to be held NA); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (44 total) number of seats by party NA; note - a leftist coalition obtained a one-seat margin" );; line 72105 (wfb::legislative_branch martinique "Regional Assembly" "elections last held on 22 March 1992 (next to be held by March 1998); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (41 total) RPR-UDF 16, MIM 9, PPM 9, PCM 5, independents 2" );; line 72110 (wfb::legislative_branch martinique "French Senate" "elections last held 24 September 1989 (next to be held NA); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (2 total) UDF 1, PPM 1" );; line 72114 (wfb::legislative_branch martinique "French National Assembly" "elections last held NA June 1993 (next to be held NA June 1998); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (4 total) RPR 3, FSM 1" );; line 72117 (wfb::judicial_branch martinique "Supreme Court" );; line 72122 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders martinique "Rally for the Republic (RPR), Stephen BAGOE; Union for a Martinique of Progress (UMP); Martinique Progressive Party (PPM), Aime CESAIRE; Socialist Federation of Martinique (FSM), Michel YOYO; Martinique Communist Party (PCM); Martinique Patriots (PM); Union for French Democracy (UDF), Jean MARAN; Martinique Independence Movement (MIM), Alfred MARIE-JEANNE; Republican Party (PR), Jean BAILLY" );; line 72126 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups martinique "Proletarian Action Group (GAP); Alhed Marie-Jeanne Socialist Revolution Group (GRS); Caribbean Revolutionary Alliance (ARC); Central Union for Martinique Workers (CSTM), Marc PULVAR; Frantz Fanon Circle; League of Workers and Peasants; Parti Martiniquais Socialiste (PMS); Association for the Protection of Martinique's Heritage (ecologist)" );; line 72135 (wfb::member_of martinique fz );; line 72143 (wfb::member_of martinique wcl );; line 72143 (wfb::member_of martinique wftu );; line 72143 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us martinique "none (overseas department of France)" );; line 72147 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation martinique "the post closed in August 1993 (overseas department of France)" );; line 72151 (wfb::flag martinique "the flag of France is used" );; line 72155 (wfb::overview martinique "The economy is based on sugarcane, bananas, tourism, and light industry. Agriculture accounts for about 10% of GDP and the small industrial sector for 10%. Sugar production has declined, with most of the sugarcane now used for the production of rum. Banana exports are increasing, going mostly to France. The bulk of meat, vegetable, and grain requirements must be imported, contributing to a chronic trade deficit that requires large annual transfers of aid from France. Tourism has become more important than agricultural exports as a source of foreign exchange. The majority of the work force is employed in the service sector and in administration. Banana workers launched protests late in 1992 because of falling banana prices and fears of greater competition in the European market from other producers." );; line 72160 (wfb::estimation-date national_product martinique date_1993 );; line 72174 (wfb::national_product martinique (* 3.9e9 $) );; line 72174 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate martinique (* n/a %) );; line 72178 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita martinique date_1993 );; line 72182 (wfb::national_product_per_capita martinique (* 10000 $) );; line 72182 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| martinique "3.9% (1990)" );; line 72186 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate martinique date_1990 );; line 72190 (wfb::unemployment_rate martinique (* 32.1 %) );; line 72190 (wfb::budget martinique revenues (* 610e6 $) );; line 72195 (wfb::measurement-date budget martinique date_1991 );; line 72197 (wfb::budget martinique expenditures (* 1.3e9 $) );; line 72197 (wfb::budget martinique capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 72197 (wfb::exports martinique (* 247e6 $) );; line 72201 (wfb::exports martinique commodities refined_petroleum_products n/a );; line 72203 (wfb::exports martinique commodities bananas n/a );; line 72203 (wfb::exports martinique commodities rum n/a );; line 72203 (wfb::exports martinique commodities pineapples n/a );; line 72203 (wfb::measurement-date exports martinique date_1991 );; line 72205 (wfb::exports martinique partners france (* 57 %) );; line 72205 (wfb::exports martinique partners guadeloupe (* 31 %) );; line 72205 (wfb::exports martinique partners french_guiana n/a );; line 72205 (wfb::imports martinique (* 1.75e9 $) );; line 72209 (wfb::imports martinique commodities petroleum_products-commodity n/a );; line 72211 (wfb::imports martinique commodities crude_oil n/a );; line 72211 (wfb::imports martinique commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 72211 (wfb::imports martinique commodities construction_materials n/a );; line 72211 (wfb::imports martinique commodities vehicles n/a );; line 72211 (wfb::imports martinique commodities clothing_and_other_consumer_goods n/a );; line 72211 (wfb::measurement-date imports martinique date_1991 );; line 72214 (wfb::imports martinique partners france (* 62 %) );; line 72214 (wfb::imports martinique partners uk n/a );; line 72214 (wfb::imports martinique partners italy n/a );; line 72214 (wfb::imports martinique partners germany n/a );; line 72214 (wfb::imports martinique partners japan n/a );; line 72214 (wfb::imports martinique partners us n/a );; line 72214 (wfb::external_debt martinique (* n/a $) );; line 72218 (wfb::industrial_production martinique growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 72222 (wfb::electricity martinique capacity (* 113100 kw) );; line 72227 (wfb::electricity martinique production (* 700e6 kwh) );; line 72229 (wfb::measurement-date electricity martinique consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 72231 (wfb::electricity martinique consumption_per_capita (* 1677 kwh) );; line 72231 (wfb::industry martinique construction-industry );; line 72235 (wfb::industry martinique rum-industry );; line 72235 (wfb::industry martinique cement );; line 72235 (wfb::industry martinique oil_refining );; line 72235 (wfb::industry martinique sugar );; line 72235 (wfb::industry martinique tourism );; line 72235 (wfb::agriculture martinique "including fishing and forestry, accounts for about 10% of GDP; principal crops - pineapples, avocados, bananas, flowers, vegetables, sugarcane for rum; dependent on imported food, particularly meat and vegetables" );; line 72239 (wfb::illicit_drugs martinique "transshipment point for cocaine and marijuana bound for the US and Europe" );; line 72245 (wfb::economic_aid martinique recipient "Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $10.1 billion" );; line 72251 (wfb::abbreviation french_franc "F" );; line 72256 (wfb::currency martinique french_franc 100 centimes );; line 72256 (wfb::exchange_rates martinique "French francs (F) per US$1 - 5.2943 (January 1995), 5.5520 (1994), 5.6632 (1993), 5.2938 (1992), 5.6421 (1991), 5.4453 (1990)" );; line 72260 (wfb::fiscal_year martinique date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 72265 (wfb::railroads martinique "0 km" );; line 72270 (wfb::highways martinique total (* 1680 km) );; line 72275 (wfb::highways martinique paved (* 1300 km) );; line 72277 (wfb::highways martinique (union gravel earth ) (* 380 km) );; line 72279 (wfb::port martinique fort-de-france-martinique );; line 72283 (wfb::port martinique la_trinite-martinique );; line 72283 (wfb::merchant_marine martinique "none" );; line 72287 (wfb::airports martinique total 2 );; line 72292 (wfb::airports martinique |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 72294 (wfb::airports martinique |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 72296 (wfb::telephone_system martinique "68,900 telephones; domestic facilities are adequate" );; line 72301 (wfb::telephone_system martinique local "NA" );; line 72303 (wfb::telephone_system martinique intercity "NA" );; line 72305 (wfb::telephone_system martinique international "interisland microwave radio relay links to Guadeloupe, Dominica, and Saint Lucia; 2 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth stations" );; line 72307 (wfb::radio martinique broadcast_stations am 1 );; line 72313 (wfb::radio martinique broadcast_stations fm 6 );; line 72313 (wfb::radio martinique broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 72313 (wfb::radio martinique radios n/a );; line 72315 (wfb::television martinique broadcast_stations 10 );; line 72320 (wfb::television martinique televisions n/a );; line 72322 (wfb::comment defense_branch martinique french_forces_martinique "Army, Navy, Air Force" );; line 72328 (wfb::defense_branch martinique french_forces_martinique );; line 72328 (wfb::defense_branch martinique gendarmerie_martinique );; line 72328 (wfb::note martinique "defense is the responsibility of France" );; line 72332 (wfb::markup-parameter figure mauritania "graphno=\"mr.tif\"" );; line 72338 (wfb::location mauritania "Northern Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Senegal and Western Sahara" );; line 72342 (wfb::map_references mauritania "Africa" );; line 72347 (wfb::area mauritania total_area (* 1030700 sq_km) );; line 72352 (wfb::area mauritania land_area (* 1030400 sq_km) );; line 72354 (wfb::area mauritania comparative_area "slightly larger than three times the size of New Mexico" );; line 72356 (wfb::borders mauritania total (* 5074 km) );; line 72360 (wfb::borders mauritania algeria (* 463 km) );; line 72360 (wfb::borders mauritania mali (* 2237 km) );; line 72360 (wfb::borders mauritania senegal (* 813 km) );; line 72360 (wfb::borders mauritania western_sahara (* 1561 km) );; line 72360 (wfb::coastline mauritania (* 754 km) );; line 72365 (wfb::maritime_claims mauritania contiguous_zone (* 24 nm) );; line 72370 (wfb::maritime_claims mauritania exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 72374 (wfb::maritime_claims mauritania territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 72376 (wfb::international_disputes mauritania "boundary with Senegal in dispute" );; line 72380 (wfb::climate mauritania "desert" );; line 72384 (wfb::climate mauritania "constantly hot, dry, dusty" );; line 72384 (wfb::terrain mauritania "mostly barren, flat plains of the Sahara" );; line 72388 (wfb::terrain mauritania "some central hills" );; line 72388 (wfb::natural-resource mauritania iron_ore );; line 72392 (wfb::natural-resource mauritania gypsum );; line 72392 (wfb::natural-resource mauritania fish );; line 72392 (wfb::natural-resource mauritania copper );; line 72392 (wfb::natural-resource mauritania phosphate );; line 72392 (wfb::land_use mauritania arable_land (* 1 %) );; line 72397 (wfb::land_use mauritania permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 72399 (wfb::land_use mauritania meadows_and_pastures (* 38 %) );; line 72401 (wfb::land_use mauritania forest_and_woodland (* 5 %) );; line 72403 (wfb::land_use mauritania other (* 56 %) );; line 72405 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land mauritania date_1989 );; line 72409 (wfb::irrigated_land mauritania (* 120 sq_km) );; line 72409 (wfb::environment mauritania current_issues "overgrazing, deforestation, and soil erosion aggravated by drought are contributing to desertification" );; line 72414 (wfb::environment mauritania current_issues "very limited natural fresh water resources away from the Senegal which is the only perennial river" );; line 72414 (wfb::environment mauritania natural_hazards "hot, dry, dust/sand-laden sirocco wind blows primarily in March and April" );; line 72418 (wfb::environment mauritania natural_hazards "periodic droughts" );; line 72418 (wfb::environment mauritania international_agreements "party to - Climate Change, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands" );; line 72421 (wfb::environment mauritania international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Desertification, Law of the Sea" );; line 72421 (wfb::note mauritania "most of the population concentrated along the Senegal River in the southern part of the country" );; line 72427 (wfb::estimation-date population mauritania date_jul_1995 );; line 72434 (wfb::population mauritania 2263202 );; line 72434 (wfb::age_structure mauritania 0-14_years (* 48 %) );; line 72439 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex mauritania 0-14_years female 544674 );; line 72439 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex mauritania 0-14_years male 551099 );; line 72439 (wfb::age_structure mauritania 15-64_years (* 49 %) );; line 72441 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex mauritania 15-64_years female 574282 );; line 72441 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex mauritania 15-64_years male 542762 );; line 72441 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure mauritania 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 72443 (wfb::age_structure mauritania 65_years_and_over (* 3 %) );; line 72443 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex mauritania 65_years_and_over female 28955 );; line 72443 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex mauritania 65_years_and_over male 21430 );; line 72443 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate mauritania date_1995 );; line 72447 (wfb::population_growth_rate mauritania (* 3.17 %) );; line 72447 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate mauritania date_1995 );; line 72451 (wfb::birth_rate mauritania (* 47.32 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 72451 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate mauritania date_1995 );; line 72455 (wfb::death_rate mauritania (* 15.66 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 72455 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate mauritania date_1995 );; line 72459 (wfb::net_migration_rate mauritania (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 72459 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate mauritania date_1995 );; line 72463 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate mauritania (* 83.5 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 72463 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth mauritania total_population (* 48.54 years) );; line 72468 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth mauritania male (* 45.66 years) );; line 72470 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth mauritania female date_1995 );; line 72472 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth mauritania female (* 51.54 years) );; line 72472 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate mauritania date_1995 );; line 72476 (wfb::total_fertility_rate mauritania (* 6.92 children_born/woman) );; line 72476 (wfb::nationality mauritania noun "Mauritanian(s)" );; line 72481 (wfb::nationality mauritania adjective "Mauritanian" );; line 72483 (wfb::ethnic-entity mauritania mixed_maur/black (* 40 %) );; line 72487 (wfb::ethnic-entity mauritania maur (* 30 %) );; line 72487 (wfb::ethnic-entity mauritania black (* 30 %) );; line 72487 (wfb::religion mauritania muslim (* 100 %) );; line 72491 (wfb::language mauritania hasaniya_arabic n/a );; line 72495 (wfb::comment language mauritania hasaniya_arabic "official" );; line 72495 (wfb::language mauritania pular n/a );; line 72495 (wfb::language mauritania soninke n/a );; line 72495 (wfb::language mauritania wolof n/a );; line 72495 (wfb::comment language mauritania wolof "official" );; line 72495 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition mauritania date_1988 );; line 72499 (wfb::literacy-condition mauritania "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 72499 (wfb::literacy mauritania total_population (* 35 %) );; line 72501 (wfb::literacy mauritania male (* 46 %) );; line 72503 (wfb::literacy mauritania female (* 25 %) );; line 72505 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force mauritania date_1980 );; line 72509 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation mauritania agriculture (* 47 %) );; line 72511 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation mauritania services (* 29 %) );; line 72511 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation mauritania industry_and_commerce (* 14 %) );; line 72511 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation mauritania government (* 10 %) );; line 72511 (wfb::names mauritania conventional_long_form "Islamic Republic of Mauritania" );; line 72518 (wfb::names mauritania conventional_short_form "Mauritania" );; line 72520 (wfb::names mauritania local_long_form "Al Jumhuriyah al Islamiyah al Muritaniyah" );; line 72522 (wfb::names mauritania local_short_form "Muritaniyah" );; line 72524 (wfb::digraph mauritania "MR" );; line 72528 (wfb::type mauritania "republic" );; line 72532 (wfb::capital mauritania nouakchott-mauritania );; line 72536 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_mauritania_regions "regions" "regions" "region" );; line 72540 (wfb::administrative_divisions mauritania adm_div_mauritania_regions 12 );; line 72540 (wfb::administrative_division_of mauritania adm_div_mauritania_regions "Adrar" );; line 72540 (wfb::administrative_division_of mauritania adm_div_mauritania_regions "Assaba" );; line 72540 (wfb::administrative_division_of mauritania adm_div_mauritania_regions "Brakna" );; line 72540 (wfb::administrative_division_of mauritania adm_div_mauritania_regions "Dakhlet Nouadhibou" );; line 72540 (wfb::administrative_division_of mauritania adm_div_mauritania_regions "Gorgol" );; line 72540 (wfb::administrative_division_of mauritania adm_div_mauritania_regions "Guidimaka" );; line 72540 (wfb::administrative_division_of mauritania adm_div_mauritania_regions "Hodh ech Chargui" );; line 72540 (wfb::administrative_division_of mauritania adm_div_mauritania_regions "Hodh el Gharbi" );; line 72540 (wfb::administrative_division_of mauritania adm_div_mauritania_regions "Inchiri" );; line 72540 (wfb::administrative_division_of mauritania adm_div_mauritania_regions "Tagant" );; line 72540 (wfb::administrative_division_of mauritania adm_div_mauritania_regions "Tiris Zemmour" );; line 72540 (wfb::administrative_division_of mauritania adm_div_mauritania_regions "Trarza" );; line 72540 (wfb::comment administrative_divisions mauritania "there may be a new capital district of Nouakchott" );; line 72544 (wfb::independence mauritania date_28_nov_1960 "France" );; line 72548 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1960 );; line 72552 (wfb::comment national_holiday mauritania "1960" );; line 72552 (wfb::national_holiday mauritania "Independence Day" date_28_nov );; line 72552 (wfb::constitution mauritania "12 July 1991" );; line 72556 (wfb::legal_system mauritania "three-tier system: Islamic (Shari'a) courts, special courts, state security courts (in the process of being eliminated)" );; line 72560 (wfb::comment suffrage mauritania " universal" );; line 72565 (wfb::suffrage mauritania (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 72565 (wfb::comment executive_branch mauritania chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "election last held NA January 1992 (next to be held NA January 1998)" );; line 72570 (wfb::comment executive_branch mauritania chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "results - President Col. Maaouya Ould Sid 'Ahmed TAYA elected" );; line 72570 (wfb::executive_branch mauritania chief_of_state "President Col. Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed TAYA " date_12_dec_1984 );; line 72570 (wfb::executive_branch mauritania head_of_government "President Col. Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed TAYA " date_12_dec_1984 );; line 72570 (wfb::executive_branch mauritania cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 72574 (wfb::legislative_structure mauritania bicameral "legislature" );; line 72578 (wfb::legislative_branch mauritania "Senate (Majlis al-Shuyukh)" "elections last held 15 April 1994 (nex to be held NA 1996); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats (56 total, with 17 up for election every two years) PRDS 16, UFD/NE 1" );; line 72580 (wfb::legislative_branch mauritania "National Assembly (Majlis al-Watani)" "elections last held 6 and 13 March 1992 (next to be held NA March 1997); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (79 total) UFD/NE 67, PMR 1, RDU 1, independents 10" );; line 72584 (wfb::judicial_branch mauritania "Supreme Court (Cour Supreme)" );; line 72590 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders mauritania "legalized by constitution passed 12 July 1991, however, politics continue to be tribally based; emerging parties include Democratic and Social Republican Party (PRDS), led by President Col. Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed TAYA; Union of Democratic Forces-New Era (UFD/NE), headed by Ahmed Ould DADDAH; Assembly for Democracy and Unity (RDU), Ahmed Ould SIDI BABA; Popular Social and Democratic Union (UPSD), Mohamed Mahmoud Ould MAH; Mauritanian Party for Renewal (PMR), Hameida BOUCHRAYA; National Avant-Garde Party (PAN), Khattry Ould JIDDOU; Mauritanian Party of the Democratic Center (PCDM), Bamba Ould SIDI BADI" );; line 72594 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups mauritania "Mauritanian Workers Union (UTM)" );; line 72606 (wfb::member_of mauritania abeda );; line 72610 (wfb::member_of mauritania acct );; line 72610 (wfb::comment member_of mauritania acct "associate" );; line 72610 (wfb::member_of mauritania acp );; line 72610 (wfb::member_of mauritania afdb );; line 72610 (wfb::member_of mauritania afesd );; line 72610 (wfb::member_of mauritania al );; line 72610 (wfb::member_of mauritania amf );; line 72610 (wfb::member_of mauritania amu );; line 72610 (wfb::member_of mauritania caeu );; line 72610 (wfb::member_of mauritania ccc );; line 72610 (wfb::member_of mauritania ceao );; line 72610 (wfb::member_of mauritania eca );; line 72610 (wfb::member_of mauritania ecowas );; line 72610 (wfb::member_of mauritania fao );; line 72610 (wfb::member_of mauritania g-77 );; line 72610 (wfb::member_of mauritania gatt );; line 72610 (wfb::member_of mauritania ibrd );; line 72610 (wfb::member_of mauritania icao );; line 72610 (wfb::member_of mauritania icrm );; line 72610 (wfb::member_of mauritania ida );; line 72610 (wfb::member_of mauritania idb );; line 72610 (wfb::member_of mauritania ifad );; line 72610 (wfb::member_of mauritania ifc );; line 72610 (wfb::member_of mauritania ifrcs );; line 72610 (wfb::member_of mauritania ilo );; line 72610 (wfb::member_of mauritania imf );; line 72610 (wfb::member_of mauritania imo );; line 72610 (wfb::member_of mauritania intelsat );; line 72610 (wfb::member_of mauritania interpol );; line 72610 (wfb::member_of mauritania ioc );; line 72610 (wfb::member_of mauritania itu );; line 72610 (wfb::member_of mauritania nam );; line 72610 (wfb::member_of mauritania oau );; line 72610 (wfb::member_of mauritania oic );; line 72610 (wfb::member_of mauritania un );; line 72610 (wfb::member_of mauritania unctad );; line 72610 (wfb::member_of mauritania unesco );; line 72610 (wfb::member_of mauritania unido );; line 72610 (wfb::member_of mauritania upu );; line 72610 (wfb::member_of mauritania who );; line 72610 (wfb::member_of mauritania wipo );; line 72610 (wfb::member_of mauritania wmo );; line 72610 (wfb::member_of mauritania wto );; line 72610 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us mauritania chief_of_mission "Ambassador Ismail Ould IYAHI (since 22 September 1994)" );; line 72618 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us mauritania chancery "2129 Leroy Place NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 72620 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us mauritania telephone "[1] (202) 232-5700" );; line 72622 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation mauritania chief_of_mission "Ambassador Dorothy Myers SAMPAS" );; line 72627 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation mauritania embassy "address NA, Nouakchott" );; line 72629 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation mauritania mailing_address "B. P. 222, Nouakchott" );; line 72631 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation mauritania telephone "[222] (2) 526-60, 526-63" );; line 72633 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation mauritania fax "[222] (2) 515-92" );; line 72635 (wfb::flag mauritania "green with a yellow five-pointed star above a yellow, horizontal crescent; the closed side of the crescent is down; the crescent, star, and color green are traditional symbols of Islam" );; line 72639 (wfb::overview mauritania "A majority of the population still depends on agriculture and livestock for a livelihood, even though most of the nomads and many subsistence farmers were forced into the cities by recurrent droughts in the 1970s and 1980s. Mauritania has extensive deposits of iron ore, which account for almost 50% of total exports. The decline in world demand for this ore, however, has led to cutbacks in production. The nation's coastal waters are among the richest fishing areas in the world, but overexploitation by foreigners threatens this key source of revenue. The country's first deepwater port opened near Nouakchott in 1986. In recent years, drought and economic mismanagement have resulted in a substantial buildup of foreign debt. The government has begun the second stage of an economic reform program in consultation with the World Bank, the IMF, and major donor countries. Short-term growth prospects are gloomy because of the heavy debt service burden, rapid population growth, and vulnerability to climatic conditions." );; line 72646 (wfb::estimation-date national_product mauritania date_1993 );; line 72663 (wfb::national_product mauritania (* 2.4e9 $) );; line 72663 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate mauritania date_1993 );; line 72667 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate mauritania (* 5 %) );; line 72667 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita mauritania date_1994 );; line 72671 (wfb::national_product_per_capita mauritania (* 1110 $) );; line 72671 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| mauritania "10% (1993)" );; line 72675 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate mauritania date_1991 );; line 72679 (wfb::unemployment_rate mauritania (* 20 %) );; line 72679 (wfb::budget mauritania revenues (* 280e6 $) );; line 72684 (wfb::estimation-date budget mauritania date_1989 );; line 72686 (wfb::budget mauritania expenditures (* 346e6 $) );; line 72686 (wfb::budget mauritania capital_expenditures (* 61e6 $) );; line 72686 (wfb::exports mauritania (* 401e6 $) );; line 72691 (wfb::exports mauritania commodities iron_ore-commodity n/a );; line 72693 (wfb::exports mauritania commodities fish_and_fish_products n/a );; line 72693 (wfb::exports mauritania partners japan (* 27 %) );; line 72695 (wfb::exports mauritania partners italy n/a );; line 72695 (wfb::exports mauritania partners belgium n/a );; line 72695 (wfb::exports mauritania partners luxembourg n/a );; line 72695 (wfb::imports mauritania (* 378e6 $) );; line 72699 (wfb::imports mauritania commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 72701 (wfb::imports mauritania commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 72701 (wfb::imports mauritania commodities petroleum_products-commodity n/a );; line 72701 (wfb::imports mauritania commodities capital_goods n/a );; line 72701 (wfb::imports mauritania partners algeria (* 15 %) );; line 72703 (wfb::imports mauritania partners china (* 6 %) );; line 72703 (wfb::imports mauritania partners us (* 3 %) );; line 72703 (wfb::imports mauritania partners france n/a );; line 72703 (wfb::imports mauritania partners germany n/a );; line 72703 (wfb::imports mauritania partners spain n/a );; line 72703 (wfb::imports mauritania partners italy n/a );; line 72703 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt mauritania date_1992 );; line 72707 (wfb::external_debt mauritania (* 1.9e9 $) );; line 72707 (wfb::industrial_production mauritania growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 72711 (wfb::electricity mauritania capacity (* 110000 kw) );; line 72716 (wfb::electricity mauritania production (* 135e6 kwh) );; line 72718 (wfb::measurement-date electricity mauritania consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 72720 (wfb::electricity mauritania consumption_per_capita (* 61 kwh) );; line 72720 (wfb::industry mauritania fish_processing );; line 72724 (wfb::industry mauritania mining_of_iron_ore_and_gypsum );; line 72724 (wfb::agriculture mauritania "accounts for 25% of GDP (including fishing); largely subsistence farming and nomadic cattle and sheep herding except in Senegal river valley; crops - dates, millet, sorghum, root crops; fish products number-one export; large food deficit in years of drought" );; line 72728 (wfb::economic_aid mauritania recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $168 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $1.3 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $490 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $277 million; Arab Development Bank (1991), $20 million" );; line 72736 (wfb::abbreviation ouguiya "UM" );; line 72743 (wfb::currency mauritania ouguiya 5 khoums );; line 72743 (wfb::exchange_rates mauritania "ouguiyas (UM) per US$1 - 125.910 (January 1995), 123.575 (1994), 120.806 (1993),87.027 (1992), 81.946 (1991), 80.609 (1990)" );; line 72747 (wfb::fiscal_year mauritania date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 72752 (wfb::railroads mauritania total "690 km (single track); note - owned and operated by government mining company" );; line 72758 (wfb::railroads mauritania standard_gauge "690 km 1.435-m gauge" );; line 72761 (wfb::highways mauritania total (* 7525 km) );; line 72766 (wfb::highways mauritania paved (* 1685 km) );; line 72768 (wfb::comment highways mauritania unpaved "roads, trails, tracks" );; line 72770 (wfb::highways mauritania unimproved_earth (* 4800 km) );; line 72770 (wfb::inland_waterways mauritania "mostly ferry traffic on the Senegal River" );; line 72775 (wfb::port mauritania bogue-mauritania );; line 72779 (wfb::port mauritania kaedi-mauritania );; line 72779 (wfb::port mauritania nouadhibou-mauritania );; line 72779 (wfb::port mauritania nouakchott-mauritania );; line 72779 (wfb::port mauritania rosso-mauritania );; line 72779 (wfb::merchant_marine mauritania "none" );; line 72783 (wfb::airports mauritania total 28 );; line 72788 (wfb::airports mauritania |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 3 );; line 72790 (wfb::airports mauritania |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 4 );; line 72792 (wfb::airports mauritania |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 72794 (wfb::airports mauritania with_paved_runways_under_914_m 2 );; line 72796 (wfb::airports mauritania |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 2 );; line 72798 (wfb::airports mauritania |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 6 );; line 72800 (wfb::airports mauritania |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 10 );; line 72802 (wfb::telephone_system mauritania "NA telephones; poor system of cable and open-wire lines, minor microwave radio relay links, and radio communications stations (improvements being made)" );; line 72807 (wfb::telephone_system mauritania local "NA" );; line 72811 (wfb::telephone_system mauritania intercity "mostly cable and open wire lines" );; line 72813 (wfb::telephone_system mauritania international "1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) and 2 ARABSAT earth stations, with six planned" );; line 72815 (wfb::radio mauritania broadcast_stations am 2 );; line 72821 (wfb::radio mauritania broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 72821 (wfb::radio mauritania broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 72821 (wfb::radio mauritania radios n/a );; line 72823 (wfb::television mauritania broadcast_stations 1 );; line 72828 (wfb::television mauritania televisions n/a );; line 72830 (wfb::defense_branch mauritania army_mauritania );; line 72836 (wfb::defense_branch mauritania navy_mauritania );; line 72836 (wfb::defense_branch mauritania air_force_mauritania );; line 72836 (wfb::defense_branch mauritania national_gendarmerie_mauritania );; line 72836 (wfb::defense_branch mauritania national_guard_mauritania );; line 72836 (wfb::defense_branch mauritania national_police_mauritania );; line 72836 (wfb::defense_branch mauritania presidential_guard_mauritania );; line 72836 (wfb::manpower_availability mauritania "males age 15-49 483,916; males fit for military service 236,323" );; line 72841 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures mauritania date_1994 );; line 72845 (wfb::defense_expenditures mauritania (* 36e6 $) );; line 72845 (wfb::defense_expenditures mauritania (* 2.7 %_of_gdp) );; line 72845 (wfb::markup-parameter figure mauritius "graphno=\"mp.tif\"" );; line 72851 (wfb::location mauritius "Southern Africa, island in the Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar" );; line 72855 (wfb::map_references mauritius "World" );; line 72859 (wfb::area mauritius total_area (* 1860 sq_km) );; line 72864 (wfb::area mauritius land_area (* 1850 sq_km) );; line 72866 (wfb::area mauritius comparative_area "slightly less than 10.5 times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 72868 (wfb::comment area mauritius "includes Agalega Islands, Cargados Carajos Shoals (Saint Brandon), and Rodrigues" );; line 72870 (wfb::coastline mauritius (* 177 km) );; line 72879 (wfb::maritime_claims mauritius exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 72886 (wfb::maritime_claims mauritius territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 72888 (wfb::international_disputes mauritius "claims UK-administered Chagos Archipelago, which includes the island of Diego Garcia in UK-administered British Indian Ocean Territory" );; line 72892 (wfb::international_disputes mauritius "claims French-administered Tromelin Island" );; line 72892 (wfb::climate mauritius "tropical, modified by southeast trade winds" );; line 72898 (wfb::climate mauritius "warm, dry winter (May to November)" );; line 72898 (wfb::climate mauritius "hot, wet, humid summer (November to May)" );; line 72898 (wfb::terrain mauritius "small coastal plain rising to discontinuous mountains encircling central plateau" );; line 72903 (wfb::natural-resource mauritius arable_land );; line 72908 (wfb::natural-resource mauritius fish );; line 72908 (wfb::land_use mauritius arable_land (* 54 %) );; line 72913 (wfb::land_use mauritius permanent_crops (* 4 %) );; line 72915 (wfb::land_use mauritius meadows_and_pastures (* 4 %) );; line 72917 (wfb::land_use mauritius forest_and_woodland (* 31 %) );; line 72919 (wfb::land_use mauritius other (* 7 %) );; line 72921 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land mauritius date_1989 );; line 72925 (wfb::irrigated_land mauritius (* 170 sq_km) );; line 72925 (wfb::environment mauritius current_issues "water pollution" );; line 72930 (wfb::environment mauritius natural_hazards "cyclones (November to April)" );; line 72932 (wfb::environment mauritius natural_hazards "almost completely surrounded by reefs that may pose maritime hazards" );; line 72932 (wfb::environment mauritius international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection" );; line 72935 (wfb::estimation-date population mauritius date_jul_1995 );; line 72943 (wfb::population mauritius 1127068 );; line 72943 (wfb::age_structure mauritius 0-14_years (* 28 %) );; line 72948 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex mauritius 0-14_years female 152892 );; line 72948 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex mauritius 0-14_years male 158891 );; line 72948 (wfb::age_structure mauritius 15-64_years (* 66 %) );; line 72950 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex mauritius 15-64_years female 376049 );; line 72950 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex mauritius 15-64_years male 372910 );; line 72950 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure mauritius 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 72952 (wfb::age_structure mauritius 65_years_and_over (* 6 %) );; line 72952 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex mauritius 65_years_and_over female 39088 );; line 72952 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex mauritius 65_years_and_over male 27238 );; line 72952 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate mauritius date_1995 );; line 72956 (wfb::population_growth_rate mauritius (* 0.89 %) );; line 72956 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate mauritius date_1995 );; line 72960 (wfb::birth_rate mauritius (* 18.91 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 72960 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate mauritius date_1995 );; line 72964 (wfb::death_rate mauritius (* 6.38 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 72964 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate mauritius date_1995 );; line 72968 (wfb::net_migration_rate mauritius (* -3.64 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 72968 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate mauritius date_1995 );; line 72972 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate mauritius (* 17.8 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 72972 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth mauritius total_population (* 70.84 years) );; line 72977 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth mauritius male (* 66.9 years) );; line 72979 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth mauritius female date_1995 );; line 72981 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth mauritius female (* 74.95 years) );; line 72981 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate mauritius date_1995 );; line 72985 (wfb::total_fertility_rate mauritius (* 2.2 children_born/woman) );; line 72985 (wfb::nationality mauritius noun "Mauritian(s)" );; line 72990 (wfb::nationality mauritius adjective "Mauritian" );; line 72992 (wfb::ethnic-entity mauritius indo-mauritian (* 68 %) );; line 72996 (wfb::ethnic-entity mauritius creole-ethnic-entity (* 27 %) );; line 72996 (wfb::ethnic-entity mauritius sino-mauritian (* 3 %) );; line 72996 (wfb::ethnic-entity mauritius franco-mauritian (* 2 %) );; line 72996 (wfb::religion mauritius hindu (* 52 %) );; line 73001 (wfb::comment religion "Roman Catholic 26%, Protestant 2.3%" );; line 73001 (wfb::religion mauritius christian (* 28.3 %) );; line 73001 (wfb::religion mauritius muslim (* 16.6 %) );; line 73001 (wfb::language mauritius english n/a );; line 73006 (wfb::comment language mauritius english "official" );; line 73006 (wfb::language mauritius creole n/a );; line 73006 (wfb::language mauritius french n/a );; line 73006 (wfb::language mauritius hindi n/a );; line 73006 (wfb::language mauritius urdu n/a );; line 73006 (wfb::language mauritius hakka n/a );; line 73006 (wfb::language mauritius bojpoori n/a );; line 73006 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition mauritius date_1990 );; line 73010 (wfb::literacy-condition mauritius "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 73010 (wfb::literacy mauritius total_population (* 80 %) );; line 73012 (wfb::literacy mauritius male (* 85 %) );; line 73014 (wfb::literacy mauritius female (* 75 %) );; line 73016 (wfb::total_labor_force mauritius 335000 );; line 73020 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation mauritius government_services (* 29 %) );; line 73022 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation mauritius agriculture_and_fishing (* 27 %) );; line 73022 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation mauritius manufacturing (* 22 %) );; line 73022 (wfb::names mauritius conventional_long_form "Republic of Mauritius" );; line 73029 (wfb::names mauritius conventional_short_form "Mauritius" );; line 73031 (wfb::digraph mauritius "MP" );; line 73035 (wfb::type mauritius "parliamentary democracy" );; line 73039 (wfb::capital mauritius port_louis-mauritius );; line 73043 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_mauritius_districts "districts" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 73047 (wfb::administrative_divisions mauritius adm_div_mauritius_districts 9 );; line 73047 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_mauritius_dependencies "dependencies" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 73047 (wfb::administrative_divisions mauritius adm_div_mauritius_dependencies 3 );; line 73047 (wfb::administrative_division_of mauritius adm_div_mauritius_dependencies "Agalega Islands" );; line 73047 (wfb::administrative_division_of mauritius adm_div_mauritius_districts "Black River" );; line 73047 (wfb::administrative_division_of mauritius adm_div_mauritius_dependencies "Cargados Carajos" );; line 73047 (wfb::administrative_division_of mauritius adm_div_mauritius_districts "Flacq" );; line 73047 (wfb::administrative_division_of mauritius adm_div_mauritius_districts "Grand Port" );; line 73047 (wfb::administrative_division_of mauritius adm_div_mauritius_districts "Moka" );; line 73047 (wfb::administrative_division_of mauritius adm_div_mauritius_districts "Pamplemousses" );; line 73047 (wfb::administrative_division_of mauritius adm_div_mauritius_districts "Plaines Wilhems" );; line 73047 (wfb::administrative_division_of mauritius adm_div_mauritius_districts "Port Louis" );; line 73047 (wfb::administrative_division_of mauritius adm_div_mauritius_districts "Riviere du Rempart" );; line 73047 (wfb::administrative_division_of mauritius adm_div_mauritius_dependencies "Rodrigues" );; line 73047 (wfb::administrative_division_of mauritius adm_div_mauritius_districts "Savanne" );; line 73047 (wfb::independence mauritius date_12_mar_1968 "UK" );; line 73053 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1968 );; line 73057 (wfb::comment national_holiday mauritius "1968" );; line 73057 (wfb::national_holiday mauritius "Independence Day" date_12_mar );; line 73057 (wfb::constitution mauritius "12 March 1968; amended 12 March 1992" );; line 73061 (wfb::legal_system mauritius "based on French civil law system with elements of English common law in certain areas" );; line 73065 (wfb::comment suffrage mauritius " universal" );; line 73070 (wfb::suffrage mauritius (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 73070 (wfb::comment executive_branch mauritius chief_of_state "Vice President Rabindranath GHURBURRON (since 1 July 1992)" );; line 73075 (wfb::executive_branch mauritius chief_of_state "President Cassam UTEEM " date_1_jul_1992 );; line 73075 (wfb::comment executive_branch mauritius head_of_government "Deputy Prime Minister Prem NABABSING (since 26 September 1990)" );; line 73078 (wfb::executive_branch mauritius head_of_government "Prime Minister Sir Anerood JUGNAUTH " date_12_jun_1982 );; line 73078 (wfb::comment executive_branch mauritius cabinet "appointed by the president on recommendation of the prime minister" );; line 73081 (wfb::executive_branch mauritius cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 73081 (wfb::legislative_structure mauritius unicameral n/a );; line 73086 (wfb::legislative_branch mauritius "Legislative Assembly" "elections last held on 15 September 1991 (next to be held by 15 September 1996); results - MSM/MMM 53%, MLP/PMSD 38%; seats - (66 total) MSM/MMM alliance 59 (MSM 29, MMM 26, OPR 2, MTD 2), MLP/PMSD 4 (MLP 3, PMSD 1); note - the Supreme Court denied the assignment of 3 seats to the MSM" );; line 73088 (wfb::judicial_branch mauritius "Supreme Court" );; line 73095 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders mauritius government_coalition "Militant Socialist Movement (MSM), A. JUGNAUTH; Mauritian Militant Resurgence (RMM), Prem NABABSING (less 10 legislators under the leadership of Paul BERENGER, now voting with the opposition); Mauritian Social Democratic Party (PMSD), X. DUVAL; Organization of the People of Rodrigues (OPR), Louis Serge CLAIR; Democratic Labor Movement (MTD), Anil BAICHOO" );; line 73100 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders mauritius opposition "Mauritian Labor Party (MLP), Navin RAMGOOLMAN; MMM-Berenger Faction, Paul BERENGER; Socialist Workers Front, Sylvio MICHEL" );; line 73106 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups mauritius "various labor unions" );; line 73111 (wfb::member_of mauritius acct );; line 73115 (wfb::member_of mauritius acp );; line 73115 (wfb::member_of mauritius afdb );; line 73115 (wfb::member_of mauritius c );; line 73115 (wfb::member_of mauritius ccc );; line 73115 (wfb::member_of mauritius eca );; line 73115 (wfb::member_of mauritius fao );; line 73115 (wfb::member_of mauritius g-77 );; line 73115 (wfb::member_of mauritius gatt );; line 73115 (wfb::member_of mauritius iaea );; line 73115 (wfb::member_of mauritius ibrd );; line 73115 (wfb::member_of mauritius icao );; line 73115 (wfb::member_of mauritius icftu );; line 73115 (wfb::member_of mauritius icrm );; line 73115 (wfb::member_of mauritius ida );; line 73115 (wfb::member_of mauritius ifad );; line 73115 (wfb::member_of mauritius ifc );; line 73115 (wfb::member_of mauritius ifrcs );; line 73115 (wfb::member_of mauritius ilo );; line 73115 (wfb::member_of mauritius imf );; line 73115 (wfb::member_of mauritius imo );; line 73115 (wfb::member_of mauritius inmarsat );; line 73115 (wfb::member_of mauritius intelsat );; line 73115 (wfb::member_of mauritius interpol );; line 73115 (wfb::member_of mauritius ioc );; line 73115 (wfb::member_of mauritius iso );; line 73115 (wfb::comment member_of mauritius iso "correspondent" );; line 73115 (wfb::member_of mauritius itu );; line 73115 (wfb::member_of mauritius nam );; line 73115 (wfb::member_of mauritius oau );; line 73115 (wfb::member_of mauritius pca );; line 73115 (wfb::member_of mauritius un );; line 73115 (wfb::member_of mauritius unctad );; line 73115 (wfb::member_of mauritius unesco );; line 73115 (wfb::member_of mauritius unido );; line 73115 (wfb::member_of mauritius upu );; line 73115 (wfb::member_of mauritius wcl );; line 73115 (wfb::member_of mauritius wftu );; line 73115 (wfb::member_of mauritius who );; line 73115 (wfb::member_of mauritius wipo );; line 73115 (wfb::member_of mauritius wmo );; line 73115 (wfb::member_of mauritius wto );; line 73115 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us mauritius chief_of_mission "Ambassador Anund Priyay NEEWOOR" );; line 73123 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us mauritius chancery "Suite 441, 4301 Connecticut Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 73125 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us mauritius telephone "[1] (202) 244-1491, 1492" );; line 73127 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us mauritius fax "[1] (202) 966-0983" );; line 73129 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation mauritius chief_of_mission "Ambassador Leslie M. ALEXANDER" );; line 73134 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation mauritius embassy "4th Floor, Rogers House, John Kennedy Street, Port Louis" );; line 73136 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation mauritius mailing_address "use embassy street address" );; line 73138 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation mauritius telephone "[230] 208-9763 through 9767" );; line 73140 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation mauritius fax "[230] 208-9534" );; line 73142 (wfb::flag mauritius "four equal horizontal bands of red (top), blue, yellow, and green" );; line 73146 (wfb::overview mauritius "Since independence in 1968, Mauritius has developed from a low income, agriculturally based economy to middle income diversified economy with growing industrial and tourist sectors. For most of the period annual growth has been of the order of 5% to 6%. This remarkable achievement has been reflected in increased life expectancy, lowered infant mortality, and a much improved infrastructure. Sugarcane is grown on about 90% of the cultivated land area and accounts for 40% of export earnings. The government's development strategy centers on industrialization (with a view to modernization and to exports), agricultural diversification, and tourism. Economic performance in 1991-93 continued strong with solid real growth and low unemployment." );; line 73151 (wfb::estimation-date national_product mauritius date_1993 );; line 73164 (wfb::national_product mauritius (* 9.3e9 $) );; line 73164 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate mauritius date_1993 );; line 73168 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate mauritius (* 4.7 %) );; line 73168 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita mauritius date_1994 );; line 73172 (wfb::national_product_per_capita mauritius (* 8600 $) );; line 73172 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| mauritius "9.4% (1993 est.)" );; line 73176 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate mauritius date_1991 );; line 73180 (wfb::unemployment_rate mauritius (* 2.4 %) );; line 73180 (wfb::budget mauritius revenues (* 653e6 $) );; line 73185 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year budget mauritius 92 );; line 73187 (wfb::budget mauritius expenditures (* 567e6 $) );; line 73187 (wfb::budget mauritius capital_expenditures (* 143e6 $) );; line 73187 (wfb::exports mauritius (* 1.32e9 $) );; line 73192 (wfb::exports mauritius commodities textiles-commodity (* 44 %) );; line 73194 (wfb::exports mauritius commodities sugar-commodity (* 40 %) );; line 73194 (wfb::exports mauritius commodities light_manufactures (* 10 %) );; line 73194 (wfb::exports mauritius partners (union ec_and_us_have_preferential_treatment ec ) (* 77 %) );; line 73196 (wfb::exports mauritius partners us (* 15 %) );; line 73196 (wfb::imports mauritius (* 1.7e9 $) );; line 73200 (wfb::imports mauritius commodities manufactured_goods (* 50 %) );; line 73202 (wfb::imports mauritius commodities capital_equipment (* 17 %) );; line 73202 (wfb::imports mauritius commodities foodstuffs (* 13 %) );; line 73202 (wfb::imports mauritius commodities petroleum_products-commodity (* 8 %) );; line 73202 (wfb::imports mauritius commodities chemicals-commodity (* 7 %) );; line 73202 (wfb::imports mauritius partners ec n/a );; line 73205 (wfb::imports mauritius partners us n/a );; line 73205 (wfb::imports mauritius partners south_africa n/a );; line 73205 (wfb::imports mauritius partners japan n/a );; line 73205 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt mauritius date_1993 );; line 73209 (wfb::external_debt mauritius (* 996.8e6 $) );; line 73209 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1992 );; line 73213 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production mauritius date_1992 );; line 73213 (wfb::industrial_production mauritius growth_rate (* 5.8 %) );; line 73213 (wfb::industrial_production mauritius accounts_for (* 25 %_of_gdp) );; line 73213 (wfb::electricity mauritius capacity (* 340000 kw) );; line 73218 (wfb::electricity mauritius production (* 920e6 kwh) );; line 73220 (wfb::measurement-date electricity mauritius consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 73222 (wfb::electricity mauritius consumption_per_capita (* 777 kwh) );; line 73222 (wfb::industry mauritius |food processing (largely sugar milling)| );; line 73226 (wfb::industry mauritius textiles );; line 73226 (wfb::industry mauritius wearing_apparel );; line 73226 (wfb::industry mauritius chemicals );; line 73226 (wfb::industry mauritius metal_products );; line 73226 (wfb::industry mauritius transport_equipment-industry );; line 73226 (wfb::industry mauritius tourism );; line 73226 (wfb::agriculture mauritius "accounts for 10% of GDP; about 90% of cultivated land in sugarcane; other products - tea, corn, potatoes, bananas, pulses, cattle, goats, fish; net food importer, especially rice and fish" );; line 73232 (wfb::illicit_drugs mauritius "illicit producer of cannabis for the international drug trade; heroin consumption and transshipment are growing problems" );; line 73238 (wfb::economic_aid mauritius recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $76 million; Western (non-US) countries (1970-89), $709 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $54 million" );; line 73244 (wfb::abbreviation mauritian_rupee "MauR" );; line 73250 (wfb::currency mauritius mauritian_rupee 100 cents );; line 73250 (wfb::exchange_rates mauritius "Mauritian rupees (MauRs) per US$1 - 17.755 (January 1995), 17.960 (1994), 17.648 (1993), 15.563 (1992), 15.652 (1991), 14.839 (1990)" );; line 73254 (wfb::fiscal_year mauritius date_1_jul date_30_jun );; line 73259 (wfb::railroads mauritius "0 km" );; line 73264 (wfb::highways mauritius total (* 1800 km) );; line 73269 (wfb::highways mauritius paved (* 1640 km) );; line 73271 (wfb::highways mauritius earth (* 160 km) );; line 73273 (wfb::port mauritius port_louis-mauritius );; line 73277 (wfb::merchant_marine mauritius total "16 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 191,703 GRT/297,347 DWT" );; line 73282 (wfb::merchant_marine mauritius ships_by_type "bulk 5, cargo 8, liquefied gas tanker 1, oil tanker 1, passenger-cargo 1" );; line 73284 (wfb::airports mauritius total 5 );; line 73290 (wfb::airports mauritius |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 73292 (wfb::airports mauritius |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 73294 (wfb::airports mauritius with_paved_runways_under_914_m 2 );; line 73296 (wfb::airports mauritius |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 73298 (wfb::telephone_system mauritius "over 48,000 telephones; small system with good service" );; line 73303 (wfb::telephone_system mauritius local "NA" );; line 73305 (wfb::telephone_system mauritius intercity "utilizes primarily microwave radio relay" );; line 73307 (wfb::telephone_system mauritius international "1 INTELSAT (Indian Ocean) earth station; new microwave link to Reunion; high-frequency radio links to several countries" );; line 73309 (wfb::radio mauritius broadcast_stations am 2 );; line 73315 (wfb::radio mauritius broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 73315 (wfb::radio mauritius broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 73315 (wfb::radio mauritius radios n/a );; line 73317 (wfb::television mauritius broadcast_stations 4 );; line 73322 (wfb::television mauritius televisions n/a );; line 73324 (wfb::comment defense_branch mauritius national_police_force_mauritius "includes the paramilitary Special Mobile Force or SMF, Special Support Units or SSU, and National Coast Guard" );; line 73330 (wfb::defense_branch mauritius national_police_force_mauritius );; line 73330 (wfb::manpower_availability mauritius "males age 15-49 321,947; males fit for military service 163,904 (1995 est.)" );; line 73335 (wfb::for-fiscal-year defense_expenditures mauritius 92 );; line 73340 (wfb::defense_expenditures mauritius (* 11.2e6 $) );; line 73340 (wfb::defense_expenditures mauritius (* 0.4 %_of_gdp) );; line 73340 (wfb::markup-parameter figure mayotte "graphno=\"mf.tif\"" );; line 73346 (wfb::header mayotte "(territorial collectivity of France)" );; line 73346 (wfb::location mayotte "Southern Africa, island in the Mozambique Channel, about one-half of the way from northern Madagascar to northern Mozambique" );; line 73351 (wfb::map_references mayotte "Africa" );; line 73356 (wfb::area mayotte total_area (* 375 sq_km) );; line 73361 (wfb::area mayotte land_area (* 375 sq_km) );; line 73363 (wfb::area mayotte comparative_area "slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC" );; line 73365 (wfb::coastline mayotte (* 185.2 km) );; line 73373 (wfb::maritime_claims mayotte exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 73378 (wfb::maritime_claims mayotte territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 73380 (wfb::international_disputes mayotte "claimed by Comoros" );; line 73384 (wfb::climate mayotte "tropical" );; line 73388 (wfb::climate mayotte "marine" );; line 73388 (wfb::climate mayotte "hot, humid, rainy season during northeastern monsoon (November to May)" );; line 73388 (wfb::climate mayotte "dry season is cooler (May to November)" );; line 73388 (wfb::terrain mayotte "generally undulating with ancient volcanic peaks, deep ravines" );; line 73393 (wfb::natural-resource mayotte negligible );; line 73397 (wfb::land_use mayotte arable_land (* n/a %) );; line 73402 (wfb::land_use mayotte permanent_crops (* n/a %) );; line 73404 (wfb::land_use mayotte meadows_and_pastures (* n/a %) );; line 73406 (wfb::land_use mayotte forest_and_woodland (* n/a %) );; line 73408 (wfb::land_use mayotte other (* n/a %) );; line 73410 (wfb::irrigated_land mayotte (* n/a sq_km) );; line 73414 (wfb::environment mayotte current_issues "NA" );; line 73419 (wfb::environment mayotte natural_hazards "cyclones during rainy season" );; line 73421 (wfb::environment mayotte international_agreements "NA" );; line 73423 (wfb::note mayotte "part of Comoro Archipelago" );; line 73427 (wfb::estimation-date population mayotte date_jul_1995 );; line 73433 (wfb::population mayotte 97088 );; line 73433 (wfb::age_structure mayotte 0-14_years (* 49 %) );; line 73438 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex mayotte 0-14_years female 23910 );; line 73438 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex mayotte 0-14_years male 24120 );; line 73438 (wfb::age_structure mayotte 15-64_years (* 48 %) );; line 73440 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex mayotte 15-64_years female 22824 );; line 73440 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex mayotte 15-64_years male 23935 );; line 73440 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure mayotte 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 73442 (wfb::age_structure mayotte 65_years_and_over (* 3 %) );; line 73442 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex mayotte 65_years_and_over female 1165 );; line 73442 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex mayotte 65_years_and_over male 1134 );; line 73442 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate mayotte date_1995 );; line 73446 (wfb::population_growth_rate mayotte (* 3.8 %) );; line 73446 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate mayotte date_1995 );; line 73450 (wfb::birth_rate mayotte (* 48.44 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 73450 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate mayotte date_1995 );; line 73454 (wfb::death_rate mayotte (* 10.46 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 73454 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate mayotte date_1995 );; line 73458 (wfb::net_migration_rate mayotte (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 73458 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate mayotte date_1995 );; line 73462 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate mayotte (* 77.3 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 73462 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth mayotte total_population (* 58.27 years) );; line 73467 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth mayotte male (* 56.04 years) );; line 73469 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth mayotte female date_1995 );; line 73471 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth mayotte female (* 60.57 years) );; line 73471 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate mayotte date_1995 );; line 73475 (wfb::total_fertility_rate mayotte (* 6.71 children_born/woman) );; line 73475 (wfb::nationality mayotte noun "Mahorais (singular and plural)" );; line 73480 (wfb::nationality mayotte adjective "Mahoran" );; line 73482 (wfb::comment religions mayotte "mostly Roman Catholic" );; line 73490 (wfb::religion mayotte muslim (* 99 %) );; line 73490 (wfb::religion mayotte christian n/a );; line 73490 (wfb::language mayotte mahorian n/a );; line 73494 (wfb::comment language mayotte mahorian "a Swahili dialect" );; line 73494 (wfb::language mayotte french n/a );; line 73494 (wfb::literacy-condition mayotte "NA%" );; line 73498 (wfb::total_labor_force mayotte n/a );; line 73502 (wfb::names mayotte conventional_long_form "Territorial Collectivity of Mayotte" );; line 73508 (wfb::names mayotte conventional_short_form "Mayotte" );; line 73510 (wfb::digraph mayotte "MF" );; line 73514 (wfb::type mayotte "territorial collectivity of France" );; line 73518 (wfb::capital mayotte mamoutzou-mayotte );; line 73522 (wfb::comment independence mayotte "territorial collectivity of France" );; line 73530 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1789 );; line 73534 (wfb::comment national_holiday mayotte "1789" );; line 73534 (wfb::constitution mayotte "28 September 1958 (French Constitution)" );; line 73538 (wfb::legal_system mayotte "French law" );; line 73542 (wfb::comment suffrage mayotte " universal" );; line 73546 (wfb::suffrage mayotte (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 73546 (wfb::executive_branch mayotte chief_of_state "President Francois MITTERRAND " date_21_may_1981 );; line 73551 (wfb::comment executive_branch mayotte head_of_government "President of the General Council Younoussa BAMANA (since NA 1976)" );; line 73553 (wfb::legislative_structure mayotte unicameral n/a );; line 73558 (wfb::legislative_branch mayotte "General Council (Conseil General)" "elections last held NA March 1994 (next to be held NA); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (19 total) MPM 12, RPR 4, independents 3" );; line 73560 (wfb::legislative_branch mayotte "French Senate" "elections last held on 24 September 1989 (next to be held NA September 1995); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (1 total) MPM 1" );; line 73563 (wfb::legislative_branch mayotte "French National Assembly" "elections last held 21 and 28 March 1993 (next to be held NA 1998); results - UDF-CDS 54.3%, RPR 44.3%; seats - (1 total) UDF-CDS 1" );; line 73566 (wfb::judicial_branch mayotte "Supreme Court (Tribunal Superieur d'Appel)" );; line 73571 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders mayotte "Mahoran Popular Movement (MPM), Younoussa BAMANA; Party for the Mahoran Democratic Rally (PRDM), Daroueche MAOULIDA; Mahoran Rally for the Republic (RPR), Mansour KAMARDINE; Union for French Democracy (UDF), Maoulida AHMED; Center of Social Democrats (CDS)," );; line 73575 (wfb::member_of mayotte fz );; line 73582 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us mayotte "none (territorial collectivity of France)" );; line 73586 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation mayotte "none (territorial collectivity of France)" );; line 73590 (wfb::flag mayotte "the flag of France is used" );; line 73594 (wfb::overview mayotte "Economic activity is based primarily on the agricultural sector, including fishing and livestock raising. Mayotte is not self-sufficient and must import a large portion of its food requirements, mainly from France. The economy and future development of the island are heavily dependent on French financial assistance. Mayotte's remote location is an obstacle to the development of tourism." );; line 73599 (wfb::estimation-date national_product mayotte date_1993 );; line 73608 (wfb::national_product mayotte (* 54e6 $) );; line 73608 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate mayotte (* n/a %) );; line 73612 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita mayotte date_1993 );; line 73616 (wfb::national_product_per_capita mayotte (* 600 $) );; line 73616 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| mayotte "NA%" );; line 73620 (wfb::unemployment_rate mayotte (* n/a %) );; line 73624 (wfb::budget mayotte revenues (* n/a $) );; line 73629 (wfb::estimation-date budget mayotte date_1985 );; line 73631 (wfb::budget mayotte expenditures (* 37.3e6 $) );; line 73631 (wfb::budget mayotte capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 73631 (wfb::exports mayotte (* 4e6 $) );; line 73635 (wfb::exports mayotte commodities ylang-ylang n/a );; line 73637 (wfb::exports mayotte commodities vanilla n/a );; line 73637 (wfb::exports mayotte partners france (* 79 %) );; line 73639 (wfb::exports mayotte partners comoros (* 10 %) );; line 73639 (wfb::exports mayotte partners reunion (* 9 %) );; line 73639 (wfb::imports mayotte (* 21.8e6 $) );; line 73643 (wfb::imports mayotte commodities building_materials n/a );; line 73645 (wfb::imports mayotte commodities transportation_equipment n/a );; line 73645 (wfb::imports mayotte commodities rice n/a );; line 73645 (wfb::imports mayotte commodities clothing-commodity n/a );; line 73645 (wfb::imports mayotte commodities flour n/a );; line 73645 (wfb::imports mayotte partners france (* 57 %) );; line 73648 (wfb::imports mayotte partners kenya (* 16 %) );; line 73648 (wfb::imports mayotte partners south_africa (* 11 %) );; line 73648 (wfb::imports mayotte partners pakistan (* 8 %) );; line 73648 (wfb::external_debt mayotte (* n/a $) );; line 73652 (wfb::industrial_production mayotte growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 73656 (wfb::electricity mayotte capacity (* n/a kw) );; line 73661 (wfb::electricity mayotte production (* n/a kwh) );; line 73663 (wfb::electricity mayotte consumption_per_capita (* n/a kwh) );; line 73665 (wfb::industry mayotte newly_created_lobster_and_shrimp_industry );; line 73669 (wfb::agriculture mayotte "most important sector; provides all export earnings; crops - vanilla, ylang-ylang, coffee, copra; imports major share of food needs" );; line 73673 (wfb::economic_aid mayotte recipient "Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $402 million" );; line 73679 (wfb::abbreviation french_franc "F" );; line 73684 (wfb::currency mayotte french_franc 100 centimes );; line 73684 (wfb::exchange_rates mayotte "French francs (F) per US$1 - 5.2943 (January 1995), 5.5520 (1994), 5.6632 (1993), 5.2938 (1992), 5.6421 (1991), 5.4453 (1990)" );; line 73688 (wfb::fiscal_year mayotte date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 73693 (wfb::railroads mayotte "0 km" );; line 73698 (wfb::highways mayotte total (* 42 km) );; line 73703 (wfb::highways mayotte bituminous (* 18 km) );; line 73705 (wfb::highways mayotte unpaved (* 24 km) );; line 73707 (wfb::port mayotte dzaoudzi-mayotte );; line 73711 (wfb::merchant_marine mayotte "none" );; line 73715 (wfb::airports mayotte total 1 );; line 73720 (wfb::airports mayotte |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 73722 (wfb::telephone_system mayotte "450 telephones; small system administered by French Department of Posts and Telecommunications" );; line 73727 (wfb::telephone_system mayotte local "NA" );; line 73730 (wfb::telephone_system mayotte intercity "NA" );; line 73732 (wfb::telephone_system mayotte international "radio relay and high-frequency radio communications for links to Comoros and international communications" );; line 73734 (wfb::radio mayotte broadcast_stations am 1 );; line 73740 (wfb::radio mayotte broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 73740 (wfb::radio mayotte broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 73740 (wfb::radio mayotte radios n/a );; line 73742 (wfb::television mayotte broadcast_stations 0 );; line 73747 (wfb::television mayotte televisions n/a );; line 73749 (wfb::note mayotte "defense is the responsibility of France" );; line 73755 (wfb::markup-parameter figure mexico "graphno=\"mx.tif\"" );; line 73761 (wfb::location mexico "Middle America, bordering the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico, between Belize and the US and bordering the North Pacific Ocean, between Guatamala and the US" );; line 73765 (wfb::map_references mexico "North America" );; line 73771 (wfb::area mexico total_area (* 1972550 sq_km) );; line 73776 (wfb::area mexico land_area (* 1923040 sq_km) );; line 73778 (wfb::area mexico comparative_area "slightly less than three times the size of Texas" );; line 73780 (wfb::borders mexico total (* 4538 km) );; line 73784 (wfb::borders mexico belize (* 250 km) );; line 73784 (wfb::borders mexico guatemala (* 962 km) );; line 73784 (wfb::borders mexico us (* 3326 km) );; line 73784 (wfb::coastline mexico (* 9330 km) );; line 73788 (wfb::maritime_claims mexico contiguous_zone (* 24 nm) );; line 73793 (wfb::maritime_claims mexico exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 73797 (wfb::maritime_claims mexico territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 73799 (wfb::international_disputes mexico "claims Clipperton Island (French possession)" );; line 73803 (wfb::climate mexico "varies from tropical to desert" );; line 73807 (wfb::terrain mexico "high, rugged mountains, low coastal plains, high plateaus, and desert" );; line 73811 (wfb::natural-resource mexico petroleum );; line 73816 (wfb::natural-resource mexico silver );; line 73816 (wfb::natural-resource mexico copper );; line 73816 (wfb::natural-resource mexico gold );; line 73816 (wfb::natural-resource mexico lead );; line 73816 (wfb::natural-resource mexico zinc );; line 73816 (wfb::natural-resource mexico natural_gas );; line 73816 (wfb::natural-resource mexico timber );; line 73816 (wfb::land_use mexico arable_land (* 12 %) );; line 73821 (wfb::land_use mexico permanent_crops (* 1 %) );; line 73823 (wfb::land_use mexico meadows_and_pastures (* 39 %) );; line 73825 (wfb::land_use mexico forest_and_woodland (* 24 %) );; line 73827 (wfb::land_use mexico other (* 24 %) );; line 73829 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land mexico date_1989 );; line 73833 (wfb::irrigated_land mexico (* 51500 sq_km) );; line 73833 (wfb::environment mexico current_issues "natural fresh water resources scarce and polluted in north, inaccessible and poor quality in center and extreme southeast" );; line 73838 (wfb::environment mexico current_issues "raw sewage and industrial effluents polluting rivers in urban areas" );; line 73838 (wfb::environment mexico current_issues "deforestation" );; line 73838 (wfb::environment mexico current_issues "widespread erosion" );; line 73838 (wfb::environment mexico current_issues "desertification" );; line 73838 (wfb::environment mexico current_issues "serious air pollution in the national capital and urban centers along US-Mexico border" );; line 73838 (wfb::environment mexico natural_hazards "tsunamis along the Pacific coast, destructive earthquakes in the center and south, and hurricanes on the Gulf and Caribbean coasts" );; line 73844 (wfb::environment mexico international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling" );; line 73847 (wfb::environment mexico international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Desertification" );; line 73847 (wfb::note mexico "strategic location on southern border of US" );; line 73854 (wfb::estimation-date population mexico date_jul_1995 );; line 73860 (wfb::population mexico 93985848 );; line 73860 (wfb::age_structure mexico 0-14_years (* 37 %) );; line 73865 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex mexico 0-14_years female 17028091 );; line 73865 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex mexico 0-14_years male 17631110 );; line 73865 (wfb::age_structure mexico 15-64_years (* 59 %) );; line 73867 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex mexico 15-64_years female 28429663 );; line 73867 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex mexico 15-64_years male 26866886 );; line 73867 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure mexico 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 73869 (wfb::age_structure mexico 65_years_and_over (* 4 %) );; line 73869 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex mexico 65_years_and_over female 2184998 );; line 73869 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex mexico 65_years_and_over male 1845100 );; line 73869 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate mexico date_1995 );; line 73873 (wfb::population_growth_rate mexico (* 1.9 %) );; line 73873 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate mexico date_1995 );; line 73877 (wfb::birth_rate mexico (* 26.64 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 73877 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate mexico date_1995 );; line 73881 (wfb::death_rate mexico (* 4.64 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 73881 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate mexico date_1995 );; line 73885 (wfb::net_migration_rate mexico (* -3.03 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 73885 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate mexico date_1995 );; line 73889 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate mexico (* 26 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 73889 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth mexico total_population (* 73.34 years) );; line 73894 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth mexico male (* 69.74 years) );; line 73896 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth mexico female date_1995 );; line 73898 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth mexico female (* 77.11 years) );; line 73898 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate mexico date_1995 );; line 73902 (wfb::total_fertility_rate mexico (* 3.09 children_born/woman) );; line 73902 (wfb::nationality mexico noun "Mexican(s)" );; line 73907 (wfb::nationality mexico adjective "Mexican" );; line 73909 (wfb::ethnic-entity mexico |mestizo (Indian-Spanish)| (* 60 %) );; line 73913 (wfb::ethnic-entity mexico amerindian_or_predominantly_amerindian (* 30 %) );; line 73913 (wfb::ethnic-entity mexico caucasian_or_predominantly_caucasian (* 9 %) );; line 73913 (wfb::religion mexico nominally_roman_catholic (* 89 %) );; line 73918 (wfb::religion mexico protestant (* 6 %) );; line 73918 (wfb::language mexico spanish-language-group n/a );; line 73922 (wfb::language mexico various_mayan_dialects n/a );; line 73922 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition mexico date_1990 );; line 73926 (wfb::literacy-condition mexico "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 73926 (wfb::literacy mexico total_population (* 88 %) );; line 73928 (wfb::literacy mexico male (* 90 %) );; line 73930 (wfb::literacy mexico female (* 85 %) );; line 73932 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force mexico date_1990 );; line 73936 (wfb::total_labor_force mexico 26.2e6 );; line 73936 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation mexico services (* 31.7 %) );; line 73938 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation mexico agriculture n/a );; line 73938 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation mexico forestry n/a );; line 73938 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation mexico hunting n/a );; line 73938 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation mexico fishing-occupation-type (* 28 %) );; line 73938 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation mexico commerce (* 14.6 %) );; line 73938 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation mexico manufacturing (* 11.1 %) );; line 73938 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation mexico construction (* 8.4 %) );; line 73938 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation mexico transportation (* 4.7 %) );; line 73938 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation mexico mining_and_quarrying (* 1.5 %) );; line 73938 (wfb::names mexico conventional_long_form "United Mexican States" );; line 73946 (wfb::names mexico conventional_short_form "Mexico" );; line 73948 (wfb::names mexico local_long_form "Estados Unidos Mexicanos" );; line 73950 (wfb::names mexico local_short_form "Mexico" );; line 73952 (wfb::digraph mexico "MX" );; line 73956 (wfb::type mexico "federal republic operating under a centralized government" );; line 73960 (wfb::capital mexico mexico-mexico );; line 73964 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_mexico_states "states" "estados" "estado" );; line 73968 (wfb::administrative_divisions mexico adm_div_mexico_states 31 );; line 73968 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_mexico_federal_district "federal district" "n/a" "distrito federal" );; line 73968 (wfb::administrative_divisions mexico adm_div_mexico_federal_district 1 );; line 73968 (wfb::administrative_division_of mexico adm_div_mexico_states "Aguascalientes" );; line 73968 (wfb::administrative_division_of mexico adm_div_mexico_states "Baja California" );; line 73968 (wfb::administrative_division_of mexico adm_div_mexico_states "Baja California Sur" );; line 73968 (wfb::administrative_division_of mexico adm_div_mexico_states "Campeche" );; line 73968 (wfb::administrative_division_of mexico adm_div_mexico_states "Chiapas" );; line 73968 (wfb::administrative_division_of mexico adm_div_mexico_states "Chihuahua" );; line 73968 (wfb::administrative_division_of mexico adm_div_mexico_states "Coahuila de Zaragoza" );; line 73968 (wfb::administrative_division_of mexico adm_div_mexico_states "Colima" );; line 73968 (wfb::administrative_division_of mexico adm_div_mexico_federal_district "Distrito Federal" );; line 73968 (wfb::administrative_division_of mexico adm_div_mexico_states "Durango" );; line 73968 (wfb::administrative_division_of mexico adm_div_mexico_states "Guanajuato" );; line 73968 (wfb::administrative_division_of mexico adm_div_mexico_states "Guerrero" );; line 73968 (wfb::administrative_division_of mexico adm_div_mexico_states "Hidalgo" );; line 73968 (wfb::administrative_division_of mexico adm_div_mexico_states "Jalisco" );; line 73968 (wfb::administrative_division_of mexico adm_div_mexico_states "Mexico" );; line 73968 (wfb::administrative_division_of mexico adm_div_mexico_states "Michoacan de Ocampo" );; line 73968 (wfb::administrative_division_of mexico adm_div_mexico_states "Morelos" );; line 73968 (wfb::administrative_division_of mexico adm_div_mexico_states "Nayarit" );; line 73968 (wfb::administrative_division_of mexico adm_div_mexico_states "Nuevo Leon" );; line 73968 (wfb::administrative_division_of mexico adm_div_mexico_states "Oaxaca" );; line 73968 (wfb::administrative_division_of mexico adm_div_mexico_states "Puebla" );; line 73968 (wfb::administrative_division_of mexico adm_div_mexico_states "Queretaro de Arteaga" );; line 73968 (wfb::administrative_division_of mexico adm_div_mexico_states "Quintana Roo" );; line 73968 (wfb::administrative_division_of mexico adm_div_mexico_states "San Luis Potosi" );; line 73968 (wfb::administrative_division_of mexico adm_div_mexico_states "Sinaloa" );; line 73968 (wfb::administrative_division_of mexico adm_div_mexico_states "Sonora" );; line 73968 (wfb::administrative_division_of mexico adm_div_mexico_states "Tabasco" );; line 73968 (wfb::administrative_division_of mexico adm_div_mexico_states "Tamaulipas" );; line 73968 (wfb::administrative_division_of mexico adm_div_mexico_states "Tlaxcala" );; line 73968 (wfb::administrative_division_of mexico adm_div_mexico_states "Veracruz-Llave" );; line 73968 (wfb::administrative_division_of mexico adm_div_mexico_states "Yucatan" );; line 73968 (wfb::administrative_division_of mexico adm_div_mexico_states "Zacatecas" );; line 73968 (wfb::independence mexico date_16_sep_1810 "Spain" );; line 73978 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1810 );; line 73982 (wfb::comment national_holiday mexico "1810" );; line 73982 (wfb::national_holiday mexico "Independence Day" date_16_sep );; line 73982 (wfb::constitution mexico "5 February 1917" );; line 73986 (wfb::legal_system mexico "mixture of US constitutional theory and civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations" );; line 73990 (wfb::comment suffrage mexico " universal and compulsory (but not enforced)" );; line 73996 (wfb::suffrage mexico (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 73996 (wfb::comment executive_branch mexico chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "election last held on 21 August 1994 (next to be held NA)" );; line 74001 (wfb::comment executive_branch mexico chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "results - Ernesto ZEDILLO Ponce de Leon (PRI) 50.18%, Cuauhtemoc CARDENAS Solorzano (PRD) 17.08%, Diego FERNANDEZ de Cevallos (PAN) 26.69%" );; line 74001 (wfb::comment executive_branch mexico chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "other 6.049%" );; line 74001 (wfb::executive_branch mexico chief_of_state "President Ernesto ZEDILLO Ponce de Leon " date_1_dec_1994 );; line 74001 (wfb::executive_branch mexico head_of_government "President Ernesto ZEDILLO Ponce de Leon " date_1_dec_1994 );; line 74001 (wfb::comment executive_branch mexico cabinet "appointed by the president" );; line 74006 (wfb::executive_branch mexico cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 74006 (wfb::legislative_structure mexico bicameral "National Congress (Congreso de la Union)" );; line 74010 (wfb::legislative_branch mexico "Senate (Camara de Senadores)" "elections last held on 21 August 1994 (next to be held NA); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats in full Senate - (128 total; Senate expanded from 64 seats at the last election) PRI 93, PRD 25, PAN 10" );; line 74012 (wfb::legislative_branch mexico "Chamber of Deputies (Camara de Diputados)" "elections last held on 24 August 1994 (next to be held NA); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (500 total) PRI 300, PAN 119, PRD 71, PFCRN 10" );; line 74016 (wfb::judicial_branch mexico "Supreme Court of Justice (Corte Suprema de Justicia)" );; line 74022 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders mexico "(recognized parties) Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), Maria de los Angeles MORENO; National Action Party (PAN), Carlos CASTILLO; Popular Socialist Party (PPS), Indalecio SAYAGO Herrera; Democratic Revolutionary Party (PRD), Porfirio MUNOZ Ledo; Cardenist Front for the National Reconstruction Party (PFCRN), Rafael AGUILAR Talamantes; Authentic Party of the Mexican Revolution (PARM), Rosa Maria MARTINEZ Denagri; Democratic Forum Party (PFD), Pablo Emilio MADERO; Mexican Green Ecologist Party (PVEM), Jorge GONZALEZ Torres" );; line 74026 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups mexico "Roman Catholic Church; Confederation of Mexican Workers (CTM); Confederation of Industrial Chambers (CONCAMIN); Confederation of National Chambers of Commerce (CONCANACO); National Peasant Confederation (CNC); Revolutionary Workers Party (PRT); Revolutionary Confederation of Workers and Peasants (CROC); Regional Confederation of Mexican Workers (CROM); Confederation of Employers of the Mexican Republic (COPARMEX); National Chamber of Transformation Industries (CANACINTRA); Coordinator for Foreign Trade Business Organizations (COECE); Federation of Unions Providing Goods and Services (FESEBES)" );; line 74037 (wfb::member_of mexico ag );; line 74048 (wfb::comment member_of mexico ag "observer" );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico apec );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico bcie );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico caricom );; line 74048 (wfb::comment member_of mexico caricom "observer" );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico ccc );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico cdb );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico cg );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico ebrd );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico eclac );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico fao );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico g-_6 );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico g-11 );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico g-15 );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico g-19 );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico g-24 );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico gatt );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico iadb );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico iaea );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico ibrd );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico icao );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico icc );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico icftu );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico icrm );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico ida );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico ifad );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico ifc );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico ifrcs );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico ilo );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico imf );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico imo );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico inmarsat );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico intelsat );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico interpol );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico ioc );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico iom );; line 74048 (wfb::comment member_of mexico iom "observer" );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico iso );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico itu );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico laes );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico laia );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico nam );; line 74048 (wfb::comment member_of mexico nam "observer" );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico oas );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico oecd );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico onusal );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico opanal );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico pca );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico rg );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico un );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico unctad );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico unesco );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico unido );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico unitar );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico unu );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico upu );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico wcl );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico wftu );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico who );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico wipo );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico wmo );; line 74048 (wfb::member_of mexico wto );; line 74048 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us mexico chief_of_mission "Ambassador Jesus SILVA HERZOG Flores" );; line 74058 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us mexico chancery "1911 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20006" );; line 74060 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us mexico telephone "[1] (202) 728-1600" );; line 74062 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us mexico |consulate(s) general| "Atlanta, Chicago, Dallas, Denver, El Paso, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New Orleans, New York, San Antonio, San Diego, San Francisco, San Juan (Puerto Rico)" );; line 74064 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us mexico |consulate(s)| "Albuquerque, Austin, Boston, Brownsville (Texas), Calexico (California), Corpus Christi, Del Rio (Texas), Detroit, Eagle Pass (Texas), Fresno (California), Loredo, McAllen (Texas), Midland (Texas), Nogales (Arizona), Oxnard (California), Philadelphia, Phoenix, Sacramento, St. Louis, Salt Lake City, San Bernardino, San Jose, Santa Ana, Seattle" );; line 74068 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation mexico chief_of_mission "Ambassador James R. JONES" );; line 74077 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation mexico embassy "Paseo de la Reforma 305, Colonia Cuauhtemoc, 06500 Mexico, Distrito Federal" );; line 74079 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation mexico mailing_address "P. O. Box 3087, Laredo, TX 78044-3087" );; line 74082 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation mexico telephone "[52] (5) 211-0042" );; line 74084 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation mexico fax "[52] (5) 511-9980, 208-3373" );; line 74086 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation mexico |consulate(s) general| "Ciudad Juarez, Guadalajara, Monterrey, Tijuana" );; line 74088 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation mexico |consulate(s)| "Hermosillo, Matamoros, Merida, Nuevo Laredo" );; line 74090 (wfb::flag mexico "three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and red; the coat of arms (an eagle perched on a cactus with a snake in its beak) is centered in the white band" );; line 74094 (wfb::overview mexico "Mexico, under the guidance of new President Ernesto ZEDILLO, entered 1995 in the midst of a severe financial crisis. Mexico's membership in the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) with the United States and Canada, its solid record of economic reforms, and its strong growth in the second and third quarters of 1994 - at an annual rate of 3.8% and 4.5% respectively - seemed to augur bright prospects for 1995. However, an overvalued exchange rate and widening current account deficits created an imbalance that ultimately proved unsustainable. To finance the trade gap, Mexico City had become increasingly reliant on volatile portfolio investment. A series of political shocks in 1994 - an uprising in the southern state of Chiapas, the assassination of a presidential candidate, several high profile kidnappings, the killing of a second high-level political figure, and renewed threats from the Chiapas rebels - combined with rising international interest rates and concerns of a devaluation to undermine investor confidence and prompt massive outflows of capital. The dwindling of foreign exchange reserves, which the central bank had been using to defend the currency, forced the new administration to change the exchange rate policy and allow the currency to float freely in the last days of 1994. The adjustment roiled Mexican financial markets, leading to a 30% to 40% weakening of the peso relative to the dollar. ZEDILLO announced an emergency economic program that included federal budget cuts and plans for more privatizations, but it failed to restore investor confidence quickly. While the devaluation is likely to help Mexican exporters, whose products are now cheaper, it also raises the specter of an inflationary spiral if domestic producers increase their prices and workers demand wage hikes. Although strong economic fundamentals bode well for Mexico's longer-term outlook, prospects for solid growth and low inflation have deteriorated considerably, at least through 1995." );; line 74101 (wfb::estimation-date national_product mexico date_1994 );; line 74131 (wfb::national_product mexico (* 728.7e9 $) );; line 74131 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate mexico date_1994 );; line 74135 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate mexico (* 3.5 %) );; line 74135 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita mexico date_1994 );; line 74139 (wfb::national_product_per_capita mexico (* 7900 $) );; line 74139 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| mexico "7.1% (1994 est.)" );; line 74143 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate mexico date_1994 );; line 74147 (wfb::unemployment_rate mexico (* 9.8 %) );; line 74147 (wfb::estimation-date budget mexico date_1994 );; line 74152 (wfb::estimation-date budget mexico revenues date_1994 );; line 74152 (wfb::budget mexico revenues (* 96.99e9 $) );; line 74152 (wfb::estimation-date budget mexico date_1994 );; line 74154 (wfb::estimation-date budget mexico date_1994 );; line 74154 (wfb::estimation-date budget mexico expenditures date_1994 );; line 74154 (wfb::budget mexico expenditures (* 96.51e9 $) );; line 74154 (wfb::budget mexico capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 74154 (wfb::exports mexico (* 60.8e9 $) );; line 74159 (wfb::exports mexico commodities crude_oil n/a );; line 74161 (wfb::exports mexico commodities oil_products n/a );; line 74161 (wfb::exports mexico commodities coffee n/a );; line 74161 (wfb::exports mexico commodities silver-commodity n/a );; line 74161 (wfb::exports mexico commodities engines n/a );; line 74161 (wfb::exports mexico commodities motor_vehicles-commodity n/a );; line 74161 (wfb::exports mexico commodities cotton n/a );; line 74161 (wfb::exports mexico commodities consumer_electronics-commodity n/a );; line 74161 (wfb::estimation-date exports mexico date_1993 );; line 74164 (wfb::exports mexico partners us (* 82 %) );; line 74164 (wfb::exports mexico partners japan (* 1.4 %) );; line 74164 (wfb::exports mexico partners ec (* 5 %) );; line 74164 (wfb::imports mexico (* 79.4e9 $) );; line 74168 (wfb::imports mexico commodities metal-working_machines n/a );; line 74170 (wfb::imports mexico commodities steel_mill_products n/a );; line 74170 (wfb::imports mexico commodities agricultural_machinery-commodity n/a );; line 74170 (wfb::imports mexico commodities electrical_equipment n/a );; line 74170 (wfb::imports mexico commodities car_parts_for_assembly n/a );; line 74170 (wfb::imports mexico commodities repair_parts_for_motor_vehicles n/a );; line 74170 (wfb::imports mexico commodities aircraft n/a );; line 74170 (wfb::imports mexico commodities aircraft_parts n/a );; line 74170 (wfb::estimation-date imports mexico date_1993 );; line 74174 (wfb::imports mexico partners us (* 74 %) );; line 74174 (wfb::imports mexico partners japan (* 4.7 %) );; line 74174 (wfb::imports mexico partners ec (* 11 %) );; line 74174 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt mexico date_1994 );; line 74178 (wfb::external_debt mexico (* 128e9 $) );; line 74178 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 74182 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production mexico date_1994 );; line 74182 (wfb::industrial_production mexico growth_rate (* 4.5 %) );; line 74182 (wfb::electricity mexico capacity (* 28780000 kw) );; line 74187 (wfb::electricity mexico production (* 122e9 kwh) );; line 74189 (wfb::measurement-date electricity mexico consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 74191 (wfb::electricity mexico consumption_per_capita (* 1239 kwh) );; line 74191 (wfb::industry mexico food-industry );; line 74195 (wfb::industry mexico beverages-industry );; line 74195 (wfb::industry mexico tobacco-industry );; line 74195 (wfb::industry mexico chemicals );; line 74195 (wfb::industry mexico iron );; line 74195 (wfb::industry mexico steel );; line 74195 (wfb::industry mexico petroleum-industry );; line 74195 (wfb::industry mexico mining );; line 74195 (wfb::industry mexico textiles );; line 74195 (wfb::industry mexico clothing );; line 74195 (wfb::industry mexico motor_vehicles );; line 74195 (wfb::industry mexico consumer_durables );; line 74195 (wfb::industry mexico tourism );; line 74195 (wfb::agriculture mexico "accounts for 7% of GDP; large number of small farms at subsistence level; major food crops - corn, wheat, rice, beans; cash crops - cotton, coffee, fruit, tomatoes" );; line 74200 (wfb::illicit_drugs mexico "illicit cultivation of opium poppy and cannabis continues in spite of government eradication program; major supplier of heroin and marijuana to the US market; continues as the primary transshipment country for US-bound cocaine and marijuana from South America; increasingly involved in the production and distribution of methamphetamine" );; line 74206 (wfb::economic_aid mexico recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $3.1 billion; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $7.7 billion; Communist countries (1970-89), $110 million" );; line 74215 (wfb::abbreviation new_mexican_peso "Mex$" );; line 74221 (wfb::currency mexico new_mexican_peso 100 centavos );; line 74221 (wfb::exchange_rates mexico "market rate of Mexican pesos (Mex$) per US$1 - 6.736 (average in March 1995), 5.5133 (January 1995), 3.3751 (1994), 3.1156 (1993), 3,094.9 (1992), 3,018.4 (1991), 2,812.6 (1990)" );; line 74225 (wfb::comment exchange_rates mexico "the new peso replaced the old peso on 1 January 1993; 1 new peso = 1,000 old pesos" );; line 74229 (wfb::fiscal_year mexico date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 74234 (wfb::railroads mexico total "24,500 km" );; line 74240 (wfb::railroads mexico standard_gauge "24,410 km 1.435-m gauge" );; line 74242 (wfb::railroads mexico narrow_gauge "93 km 0.914-m gauge" );; line 74244 (wfb::highways mexico total (* 242300 km) );; line 74249 (wfb::comment highways mexico paved "including 3,166 km of expressways" );; line 74251 (wfb::highways mexico gravel_and_earth (* 157500 km) );; line 74253 (wfb::inland_waterways mexico "2,900 km navigable rivers and coastal canals" );; line 74257 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 28200 km) );; line 74261 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 10150 km) );; line 74261 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 13254 km) );; line 74261 (wfb::pipelines petrochemical-pipeline-type (* 1400 km) );; line 74261 (wfb::port mexico acapulco-mexico );; line 74266 (wfb::port mexico altamira-mexico );; line 74266 (wfb::port mexico coatzacoalcos-mexico );; line 74266 (wfb::port mexico ensenada-mexico );; line 74266 (wfb::port mexico guaymas-mexico );; line 74266 (wfb::port mexico la_paz-mexico );; line 74266 (wfb::port mexico lazaro_cardenas-mexico );; line 74266 (wfb::port mexico manzanillo-mexico );; line 74266 (wfb::port mexico mazatlan-mexico );; line 74266 (wfb::port mexico progreso-mexico );; line 74266 (wfb::port mexico salina_cruz-mexico );; line 74266 (wfb::port mexico tampico-mexico );; line 74266 (wfb::port mexico topolobampo-mexico );; line 74266 (wfb::port mexico tuxpan-mexico );; line 74266 (wfb::port mexico veracruz-mexico );; line 74266 (wfb::merchant_marine mexico total "59 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 949,271 GRT/1,340,595 DWT" );; line 74273 (wfb::merchant_marine mexico ships_by_type "bulk 1, cargo 2, chemical tanker 4, container 7, liquefied gas tanker 7, oil tanker 30, refrigerated cargo 2, roll-on/roll-off cargo 2, short-sea passenger 4" );; line 74275 (wfb::airports mexico total 2055 );; line 74282 (wfb::airports mexico |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 9 );; line 74284 (wfb::airports mexico |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 25 );; line 74286 (wfb::airports mexico |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 82 );; line 74288 (wfb::airports mexico |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 75 );; line 74290 (wfb::airports mexico with_paved_runways_under_914_m 1262 );; line 74292 (wfb::airports mexico |with unpaved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 74294 (wfb::airports mexico |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 2 );; line 74296 (wfb::airports mexico |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 60 );; line 74298 (wfb::airports mexico |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 539 );; line 74300 (wfb::telephone_system mexico "6,410,000 telephones; highly developed system with extensive microwave radio relay links; privatized in December 1990" );; line 74305 (wfb::telephone_system mexico local "adequate phone service for business and government, but, at a density of less than 7 telephones/100 persons, the population is poorly served" );; line 74308 (wfb::telephone_system mexico intercity "includes 120 domestic satellite terminals and an extensive network of microwave radio relay links" );; line 74311 (wfb::telephone_system mexico international "5 INTELSAT (4 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Pacific Ocean) earth stations; connected into Central America Microwave System; launched Solidarity I satellite in November 1993" );; line 74314 (wfb::radio mexico broadcast_stations am 679 );; line 74321 (wfb::radio mexico broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 74321 (wfb::radio mexico broadcast_stations shortwave 22 );; line 74321 (wfb::radio mexico radios n/a );; line 74323 (wfb::television mexico broadcast_stations 238 );; line 74328 (wfb::television mexico televisions n/a );; line 74330 (wfb::comment defense_branch mexico national_defense_mexico "includes Army and Air Force" );; line 74336 (wfb::defense_branch mexico national_defense_mexico );; line 74336 (wfb::comment defense_branch mexico navy_mexico "includes Marines" );; line 74336 (wfb::defense_branch mexico navy_mexico );; line 74336 (wfb::manpower_availability mexico "males age 15-49 23,354,445; males fit for military service 17,029,788; males reach military age (18) annually 1,054,513 (1995 est.)" );; line 74341 (wfb::markup-parameter figure |Micronesia, Federated States of| "graphno=\"fm.tif\"" );; line 74352 (wfb::location |Micronesia, Federated States of| "Oceania, island group in the North Pacific Ocean, about three-quarters of the way from Hawaii to Indonesia" );; line 74356 (wfb::map_references |Micronesia, Federated States of| "Oceania" );; line 74361 (wfb::area |Micronesia, Federated States of| total_area (* 702 sq_km) );; line 74366 (wfb::area |Micronesia, Federated States of| land_area (* 702 sq_km) );; line 74368 (wfb::area |Micronesia, Federated States of| comparative_area "slightly less than four times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 74370 (wfb::comment area |Micronesia, Federated States of| "includes Pohnpei (Ponape), Truk (Chuuk), Yap, and Kosrae" );; line 74372 (wfb::coastline |Micronesia, Federated States of| (* 6112 km) );; line 74380 (wfb::maritime_claims |Micronesia, Federated States of| exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 74385 (wfb::maritime_claims |Micronesia, Federated States of| territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 74387 (wfb::international_disputes |Micronesia, Federated States of| "none" );; line 74391 (wfb::climate |Micronesia, Federated States of| "tropical" );; line 74395 (wfb::climate |Micronesia, Federated States of| "heavy year-round rainfall, especially in the eastern islands" );; line 74395 (wfb::climate |Micronesia, Federated States of| "located on southern edge of the typhoon belt with occasional severe damage" );; line 74395 (wfb::terrain |Micronesia, Federated States of| "islands vary geologically from high mountainous islands to low, coral atolls" );; line 74401 (wfb::terrain |Micronesia, Federated States of| "volcanic outcroppings on Pohnpei, Kosrae, and Truk" );; line 74401 (wfb::natural-resource |Micronesia, Federated States of| forests );; line 74406 (wfb::natural-resource |Micronesia, Federated States of| marine_products );; line 74406 (wfb::natural-resource |Micronesia, Federated States of| deep-seabed_minerals );; line 74406 (wfb::land_use |Micronesia, Federated States of| arable_land (* n/a %) );; line 74411 (wfb::land_use |Micronesia, Federated States of| permanent_crops (* n/a %) );; line 74413 (wfb::land_use |Micronesia, Federated States of| meadows_and_pastures (* n/a %) );; line 74415 (wfb::land_use |Micronesia, Federated States of| forest_and_woodland (* n/a %) );; line 74417 (wfb::land_use |Micronesia, Federated States of| other (* n/a %) );; line 74419 (wfb::irrigated_land |Micronesia, Federated States of| (* n/a sq_km) );; line 74423 (wfb::environment |Micronesia, Federated States of| current_issues "NA" );; line 74428 (wfb::environment |Micronesia, Federated States of| natural_hazards "typhoons (June to December)" );; line 74430 (wfb::environment |Micronesia, Federated States of| international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Law of the Sea" );; line 74432 (wfb::note |Micronesia, Federated States of| "four major island groups totaling 607 islands" );; line 74436 (wfb::estimation-date population |Micronesia, Federated States of| date_jul_1995 );; line 74442 (wfb::population |Micronesia, Federated States of| 122950 );; line 74442 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate |Micronesia, Federated States of| date_1995 );; line 74455 (wfb::population_growth_rate |Micronesia, Federated States of| (* 3.35 %) );; line 74455 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate |Micronesia, Federated States of| date_1995 );; line 74459 (wfb::birth_rate |Micronesia, Federated States of| (* 28.12 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 74459 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate |Micronesia, Federated States of| date_1995 );; line 74463 (wfb::death_rate |Micronesia, Federated States of| (* 6.3 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 74463 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate |Micronesia, Federated States of| date_1995 );; line 74467 (wfb::net_migration_rate |Micronesia, Federated States of| (* 11.65 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 74467 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate |Micronesia, Federated States of| date_1995 );; line 74471 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate |Micronesia, Federated States of| (* 36.52 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 74471 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth |Micronesia, Federated States of| total_population (* 67.81 years) );; line 74476 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth |Micronesia, Federated States of| male (* 65.84 years) );; line 74478 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth |Micronesia, Federated States of| female date_1995 );; line 74480 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth |Micronesia, Federated States of| female (* 69.81 years) );; line 74480 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate |Micronesia, Federated States of| date_1995 );; line 74484 (wfb::total_fertility_rate |Micronesia, Federated States of| (* 3.98 children_born/woman) );; line 74484 (wfb::nationality |Micronesia, Federated States of| noun "Micronesian(s)" );; line 74489 (wfb::nationality |Micronesia, Federated States of| adjective "Micronesian; Kosrae(s), Pohnpeian(s), Trukese, Yapese" );; line 74491 (wfb::ethnic-entity |Micronesia, Federated States of| nine_ethnic_micronesian_and_polynesian_groups n/a );; line 74495 (wfb::religion |Micronesia, Federated States of| roman_catholic (* 50 %) );; line 74499 (wfb::religion |Micronesia, Federated States of| protestant (* 47 %) );; line 74499 (wfb::language |Micronesia, Federated States of| english n/a );; line 74503 (wfb::comment language |Micronesia, Federated States of| english "official and common language" );; line 74503 (wfb::language |Micronesia, Federated States of| trukese n/a );; line 74503 (wfb::language |Micronesia, Federated States of| pohnpeian n/a );; line 74503 (wfb::language |Micronesia, Federated States of| yapese n/a );; line 74503 (wfb::language |Micronesia, Federated States of| kosrean n/a );; line 74503 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition |Micronesia, Federated States of| date_1980 );; line 74508 (wfb::literacy-condition |Micronesia, Federated States of| "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 74508 (wfb::literacy |Micronesia, Federated States of| total_population (* 89 %) );; line 74510 (wfb::literacy |Micronesia, Federated States of| male (* 91 %) );; line 74512 (wfb::literacy |Micronesia, Federated States of| female (* 88 %) );; line 74514 (wfb::total_labor_force |Micronesia, Federated States of| n/a );; line 74518 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation |Micronesia, Federated States of| two-thirds_are_government_employees n/a );; line 74520 (wfb::comment labor_force |Micronesia, Federated States of| "45,000 people are between the ages of 15 and 65" );; line 74522 (wfb::names |Micronesia, Federated States of| conventional_long_form "Federated States of Micronesia" );; line 74528 (wfb::names |Micronesia, Federated States of| former "Kosrae, Ponape, Truk, and Yap Districts (Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands)" );; line 74532 (wfb::abbreviation |Micronesia, Federated States of| "FSM" );; line 74537 (wfb::digraph |Micronesia, Federated States of| "FM" );; line 74541 (wfb::type |Micronesia, Federated States of| "constitutional government in free association with the US; the Compact of Free Association entered into force 3 November 1986" );; line 74545 (wfb::comment capital |Micronesia, Federated States of| "on the island of Pohnpei" );; line 74550 (wfb::capital |Micronesia, Federated States of| |Kolonia-Micronesia, Federated States of| );; line 74550 (wfb::comment capital |Micronesia, Federated States of| "a new capital is being built about 10 km southwest in the Palikir valley" );; line 74552 (wfb::administrative_division |adm_div_Micronesia, Federated States of_states| "states" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 74557 (wfb::administrative_divisions |Micronesia, Federated States of| |adm_div_Micronesia, Federated States of_states| 4 );; line 74557 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Micronesia, Federated States of| |adm_div_Micronesia, Federated States of_states| "Kosrae" );; line 74557 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Micronesia, Federated States of| |adm_div_Micronesia, Federated States of_states| "Pohnpei" );; line 74557 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Micronesia, Federated States of| |adm_div_Micronesia, Federated States of_states| "Chuuk (Truk)" );; line 74557 (wfb::administrative_division_of |Micronesia, Federated States of| |adm_div_Micronesia, Federated States of_states| "Yap" );; line 74557 (wfb::independence |Micronesia, Federated States of| date_3_nov_1986 "the US-administered UN Trusteeship" );; line 74561 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1979 );; line 74565 (wfb::comment national_holiday |Micronesia, Federated States of| "1979" );; line 74565 (wfb::national_holiday |Micronesia, Federated States of| "Proclamation of the Federated States of Micronesia" date_10_may );; line 74565 (wfb::constitution |Micronesia, Federated States of| "10 May 1979" );; line 74570 (wfb::legal_system |Micronesia, Federated States of| "based on adapted Trust Territory laws, acts of the legislature, municipal, common, and customary laws" );; line 74574 (wfb::comment suffrage |Micronesia, Federated States of| " universal" );; line 74579 (wfb::suffrage |Micronesia, Federated States of| (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 74579 (wfb::comment executive_branch |Micronesia, Federated States of| chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "Vice President Jacob NENA (since 21 May 1991)" );; line 74584 (wfb::comment executive_branch |Micronesia, Federated States of| chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "election last held 11 May 1991 (next to be held 7 March 1995)" );; line 74584 (wfb::comment executive_branch |Micronesia, Federated States of| chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "results - Bailey OLTER elected president" );; line 74584 (wfb::comment executive_branch |Micronesia, Federated States of| chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "Jacob NENA elected vice-president" );; line 74584 (wfb::executive_branch |Micronesia, Federated States of| chief_of_state "President Bailey OLTER " date_21_may_1991 );; line 74584 (wfb::executive_branch |Micronesia, Federated States of| head_of_government "President Bailey OLTER " date_21_may_1991 );; line 74584 (wfb::executive_branch |Micronesia, Federated States of| cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 74589 (wfb::legislative_structure |Micronesia, Federated States of| unicameral n/a );; line 74593 (wfb::legislative_branch |Micronesia, Federated States of| "Congress" "elections last held 5 March 1991 (next to be held 7 March 1995); results - percent of vote NA; seats - (14 total) independents 14" );; line 74595 (wfb::judicial_branch |Micronesia, Federated States of| "Supreme Court" );; line 74600 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders |Micronesia, Federated States of| "no formal parties" );; line 74604 (wfb::member_of |Micronesia, Federated States of| asdb );; line 74608 (wfb::member_of |Micronesia, Federated States of| escap );; line 74608 (wfb::member_of |Micronesia, Federated States of| ibrd );; line 74608 (wfb::member_of |Micronesia, Federated States of| icao );; line 74608 (wfb::member_of |Micronesia, Federated States of| ida );; line 74608 (wfb::member_of |Micronesia, Federated States of| ifc );; line 74608 (wfb::member_of |Micronesia, Federated States of| imf );; line 74608 (wfb::member_of |Micronesia, Federated States of| itu );; line 74608 (wfb::member_of |Micronesia, Federated States of| sparteca );; line 74608 (wfb::member_of |Micronesia, Federated States of| spc );; line 74608 (wfb::member_of |Micronesia, Federated States of| spf );; line 74608 (wfb::member_of |Micronesia, Federated States of| un );; line 74608 (wfb::member_of |Micronesia, Federated States of| unctad );; line 74608 (wfb::member_of |Micronesia, Federated States of| who );; line 74608 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us |Micronesia, Federated States of| chief_of_mission "Ambassador Jesse B. MAREHALAU" );; line 74614 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us |Micronesia, Federated States of| chancery "1725 N Street NW, Washington, DC 20036" );; line 74616 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us |Micronesia, Federated States of| telephone "[1] (202) 223-4383" );; line 74618 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us |Micronesia, Federated States of| fax "[1] (202) 223-4391" );; line 74620 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us |Micronesia, Federated States of| |consulate(s) general| "Honolulu and Tamuning (Guam)" );; line 74622 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation |Micronesia, Federated States of| chief_of_mission "Ambassador March Fong EU" );; line 74627 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation |Micronesia, Federated States of| embassy "address NA, Kolonia" );; line 74629 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation |Micronesia, Federated States of| mailing_address "P. O. Box 1286, Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia 96941" );; line 74631 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation |Micronesia, Federated States of| telephone "[691] 320-2187" );; line 74633 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation |Micronesia, Federated States of| fax "[691] 320-2186" );; line 74635 (wfb::flag |Micronesia, Federated States of| "light blue with four white five-pointed stars centered; the stars are arranged in a diamond pattern" );; line 74639 (wfb::overview |Micronesia, Federated States of| "Economic activity consists primarily of subsistence farming and fishing. The islands have few mineral deposits worth exploiting, except for high-grade phosphate. The potential for a tourist industry exists, but the remoteness of the location and a lack of adequate facilities hinder development. Financial assistance from the US is the primary source of revenue, with the US pledged to spend $1 billion in the islands in the 1990s. Geographical isolation and a poorly developed infrastructure are major impediments to long-term growth." );; line 74645 (wfb::estimation-date national_product |Micronesia, Federated States of| date_1990 );; line 74656 (wfb::national_product |Micronesia, Federated States of| (* 160e6 $) );; line 74656 (wfb::comment national_product |Micronesia, Federated States of| "GDP was supplemented by approximately $100 million in grant aid in 1990" );; line 74658 (wfb::measurement-date national_product_real_growth_rate |Micronesia, Federated States of| date_1994 );; line 74663 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate |Micronesia, Federated States of| (* 4 %) );; line 74663 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita |Micronesia, Federated States of| date_1990 );; line 74667 (wfb::national_product_per_capita |Micronesia, Federated States of| (* 1500 $) );; line 74667 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| |Micronesia, Federated States of| "NA%" );; line 74671 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate |Micronesia, Federated States of| date_1989 );; line 74675 (wfb::unemployment_rate |Micronesia, Federated States of| (* 27 %) );; line 74675 (wfb::budget |Micronesia, Federated States of| revenues (* 45e6 $) );; line 74680 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year budget |Micronesia, Federated States of| 94 );; line 74682 (wfb::budget |Micronesia, Federated States of| expenditures (* 31e6 $) );; line 74682 (wfb::budget |Micronesia, Federated States of| capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 74682 (wfb::exports |Micronesia, Federated States of| (* 3.2e6 $) );; line 74686 (wfb::exports |Micronesia, Federated States of| commodities fish-commodity n/a );; line 74688 (wfb::exports |Micronesia, Federated States of| commodities copra n/a );; line 74688 (wfb::exports |Micronesia, Federated States of| commodities bananas n/a );; line 74688 (wfb::exports |Micronesia, Federated States of| commodities black_pepper n/a );; line 74688 (wfb::exports |Micronesia, Federated States of| partners japan n/a );; line 74690 (wfb::exports |Micronesia, Federated States of| partners us n/a );; line 74690 (wfb::imports |Micronesia, Federated States of| (* 91.2e6 $) );; line 74694 (wfb::imports |Micronesia, Federated States of| commodities food n/a );; line 74696 (wfb::imports |Micronesia, Federated States of| commodities manufactured_goods n/a );; line 74696 (wfb::imports |Micronesia, Federated States of| commodities machinery_and_equipment n/a );; line 74696 (wfb::imports |Micronesia, Federated States of| commodities beverages n/a );; line 74696 (wfb::imports |Micronesia, Federated States of| partners us n/a );; line 74698 (wfb::imports |Micronesia, Federated States of| partners japan n/a );; line 74698 (wfb::imports |Micronesia, Federated States of| partners australia n/a );; line 74698 (wfb::external_debt |Micronesia, Federated States of| (* n/a $) );; line 74702 (wfb::industrial_production |Micronesia, Federated States of| growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 74706 (wfb::electricity |Micronesia, Federated States of| capacity (* 18000 kw) );; line 74711 (wfb::electricity |Micronesia, Federated States of| production (* 40e6 kwh) );; line 74713 (wfb::measurement-date electricity |Micronesia, Federated States of| consumption_per_capita date_1990 );; line 74715 (wfb::electricity |Micronesia, Federated States of| consumption_per_capita (* 380 kwh) );; line 74715 (wfb::industry |Micronesia, Federated States of| tourism );; line 74719 (wfb::industry |Micronesia, Federated States of| construction-industry );; line 74719 (wfb::industry |Micronesia, Federated States of| fish_processing );; line 74719 (wfb::industry |Micronesia, Federated States of| craft_items_from_shell );; line 74719 (wfb::industry |Micronesia, Federated States of| wood-industry );; line 74719 (wfb::industry |Micronesia, Federated States of| pearls );; line 74719 (wfb::agriculture |Micronesia, Federated States of| "mainly a subsistence economy; black pepper; tropical fruits and vegetables, coconuts, cassava, sweet potatoes, pigs, chickens" );; line 74724 (wfb::economic_aid |Micronesia, Federated States of| recipient "under terms of the Compact of Free Association, the US will provide $1.3 billion in grant aid during the period 1986-2001" );; line 74730 (wfb::abbreviation united_states_dollar "US$" );; line 74735 (wfb::currency |Micronesia, Federated States of| united_states_dollar 100 cents );; line 74735 (wfb::exchange_rates |Micronesia, Federated States of| "US currency is used" );; line 74739 (wfb::fiscal_year |Micronesia, Federated States of| date_1_oct date_30_sep );; line 74743 (wfb::railroads |Micronesia, Federated States of| "0 km" );; line 74748 (wfb::highways |Micronesia, Federated States of| total (* 226 km) );; line 74753 (wfb::comment highways |Micronesia, Federated States of| paved "on major islands" );; line 74755 (wfb::highways |Micronesia, Federated States of| (union stone coral laterite ) (* 187 km) );; line 74757 (wfb::port |Micronesia, Federated States of| |Colonia-Micronesia, Federated States of| );; line 74761 (wfb::comment port |Micronesia, Federated States of| |Colonia-Micronesia, Federated States of| "Yap" );; line 74761 (wfb::port |Micronesia, Federated States of| |Kolonia-Micronesia, Federated States of| );; line 74761 (wfb::comment port |Micronesia, Federated States of| |Kolonia-Micronesia, Federated States of| "Pohnpei" );; line 74761 (wfb::port |Micronesia, Federated States of| |Lele-Micronesia, Federated States of| );; line 74761 (wfb::port |Micronesia, Federated States of| |Moen-Micronesia, Federated States of| );; line 74761 (wfb::merchant_marine |Micronesia, Federated States of| "none" );; line 74765 (wfb::airports |Micronesia, Federated States of| total 6 );; line 74770 (wfb::airports |Micronesia, Federated States of| |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 4 );; line 74772 (wfb::airports |Micronesia, Federated States of| |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 74774 (wfb::airports |Micronesia, Federated States of| with_paved_runways_under_914_m 1 );; line 74776 (wfb::telephone_system |Micronesia, Federated States of| "960 telephones on Kolonia and Truk" );; line 74781 (wfb::telephone_system |Micronesia, Federated States of| local "NA" );; line 74783 (wfb::telephone_system |Micronesia, Federated States of| intercity "islands interconnected by shortwave radio (used mostly for government purposes" );; line 74785 (wfb::telephone_system |Micronesia, Federated States of| international "4 INTELSAT (Pacific Ocean) earth stations" );; line 74788 (wfb::radio |Micronesia, Federated States of| broadcast_stations am 5 );; line 74793 (wfb::radio |Micronesia, Federated States of| broadcast_stations fm 1 );; line 74793 (wfb::radio |Micronesia, Federated States of| broadcast_stations shortwave 1 );; line 74793 (wfb::radio |Micronesia, Federated States of| radios 16000 );; line 74795 (wfb::television |Micronesia, Federated States of| broadcast_stations 6 );; line 74800 (wfb::estimation-date television |Micronesia, Federated States of| televisions date_1987 );; line 74802 (wfb::television |Micronesia, Federated States of| televisions 1125 );; line 74802 (wfb::note |Micronesia, Federated States of| "defense is the responsibility of the US" );; line 74808 (wfb::markup-parameter figure midway_islands "graphno=\"mq.tif\"" );; line 74814 (wfb::header midway_islands "(territory of the US)" );; line 74814 (wfb::location midway_islands "Oceania, atoll in the North Pacific Ocean, about one-third of the way from Honolulu to Tokyo" );; line 74818 (wfb::map_references midway_islands "Oceania" );; line 74823 (wfb::area midway_islands total_area (* 5.2 sq_km) );; line 74828 (wfb::area midway_islands land_area (* 5.2 sq_km) );; line 74830 (wfb::area midway_islands comparative_area "about 9 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC" );; line 74832 (wfb::comment area midway_islands "includes Eastern Island and Sand Island" );; line 74834 (wfb::coastline midway_islands (* 15 km) );; line 74842 (wfb::maritime_claims midway_islands exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 74847 (wfb::maritime_claims midway_islands territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 74849 (wfb::international_disputes midway_islands "none" );; line 74853 (wfb::climate midway_islands "tropical, but moderated by prevailing easterly winds" );; line 74857 (wfb::terrain midway_islands "low, nearly level" );; line 74861 (wfb::natural-resource midway_islands fish );; line 74865 (wfb::natural-resource midway_islands wildlife );; line 74865 (wfb::land_use midway_islands arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 74870 (wfb::land_use midway_islands permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 74872 (wfb::land_use midway_islands meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 74874 (wfb::land_use midway_islands forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 74876 (wfb::land_use midway_islands other (* 100 %) );; line 74878 (wfb::irrigated_land midway_islands (* 0 sq_km) );; line 74882 (wfb::environment midway_islands current_issues "NA" );; line 74887 (wfb::environment midway_islands natural_hazards "NA" );; line 74889 (wfb::environment midway_islands international_agreements "NA" );; line 74891 (wfb::note midway_islands "a coral atoll; closed to the public" );; line 74895 (wfb::estimation-date population midway_islands date_jul_1995 );; line 74901 (wfb::names midway_islands conventional_short_form "Midway Islands" );; line 74910 (wfb::digraph midway_islands "MQ" );; line 74914 (wfb::type midway_islands "unincorporated territory of the US administered by the US Navy, under Naval Facilities Engineering Command, Pacific Division; this facility has been operationally closed since 10 September 1993 and is currently being transferred from Pacific Fleet to Naval Facilities Engineering Command via a Memorandum of Understanding" );; line 74918 (wfb::flag midway_islands "the US flag is used" );; line 74930 (wfb::overview midway_islands "The economy is based on providing support services for US naval operations located on the islands. All food and manufactured goods must be imported." );; line 74935 (wfb::railroads midway_islands "0 km" );; line 74946 (wfb::highways midway_islands total (* 32 km) );; line 74951 (wfb::port midway_islands sand_island-midway_islands );; line 74961 (wfb::airports midway_islands total 3 );; line 74966 (wfb::airports midway_islands |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 2 );; line 74968 (wfb::airports midway_islands |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 74970 (wfb::telephone_system midway_islands local "NA" );; line 74976 (wfb::telephone_system midway_islands intercity "NA" );; line 74978 (wfb::telephone_system midway_islands international "NA" );; line 74980 (wfb::radio midway_islands radios n/a );; line 74987 (wfb::television midway_islands broadcast_stations n/a );; line 74992 (wfb::television midway_islands televisions n/a );; line 74994 (wfb::note midway_islands "defense is the responsibility of the US" );; line 75000 (wfb::markup-parameter figure moldova "graphno=\"md.tif\"" );; line 75006 (wfb::location moldova "Eastern Europe, northeast of Romania" );; line 75010 (wfb::map_references moldova "Commonwealth of Independent States - European States" );; line 75014 (wfb::area moldova total_area (* 33700 sq_km) );; line 75019 (wfb::area moldova land_area (* 33700 sq_km) );; line 75021 (wfb::area moldova comparative_area "slightly more than twice the size of Hawaii" );; line 75023 (wfb::borders moldova total (* 1389 km) );; line 75027 (wfb::borders moldova romania (* 450 km) );; line 75027 (wfb::borders moldova ukraine (* 939 km) );; line 75027 (wfb::comment coastline moldova "landlocked" );; line 75031 (wfb::coastline moldova (* 0 km) );; line 75031 (wfb::maritime_claims moldova "none; landlocked" );; line 75035 (wfb::international_disputes moldova "certain territory of Moldova and Ukraine - including Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina - are considered by Bucharest as historically a part of Romania" );; line 75039 (wfb::international_disputes moldova "this territory was incorporated into the former Soviet Union following the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact in 1940" );; line 75039 (wfb::climate moldova "moderate winters, warm summers" );; line 75046 (wfb::terrain moldova "rolling steppe, gradual slope south to Black Sea" );; line 75050 (wfb::natural-resource moldova lignite );; line 75054 (wfb::natural-resource moldova phosphorites );; line 75054 (wfb::natural-resource moldova gypsum );; line 75054 (wfb::land_use moldova arable_land (* 50 %) );; line 75059 (wfb::land_use moldova permanent_crops (* 13 %) );; line 75061 (wfb::land_use moldova meadows_and_pastures (* 9 %) );; line 75063 (wfb::land_use moldova forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 75065 (wfb::land_use moldova other (* 28 %) );; line 75067 (wfb::measurement-date irrigated_land moldova date_1990 );; line 75071 (wfb::irrigated_land moldova (* 2920 sq_km) );; line 75071 (wfb::environment moldova current_issues "heavy use of agricultural chemicals, including banned pesticides such as DDT, has contaminated soil and groundwater" );; line 75076 (wfb::environment moldova current_issues "extensive soil erosion from poor farming methods" );; line 75076 (wfb::environment moldova natural_hazards "NA" );; line 75080 (wfb::environment moldova international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Climate Change" );; line 75082 (wfb::note moldova "landlocked" );; line 75086 (wfb::estimation-date population moldova date_jul_1995 );; line 75092 (wfb::population moldova 4489657 );; line 75092 (wfb::age_structure moldova 0-14_years (* 27 %) );; line 75097 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex moldova 0-14_years female 588155 );; line 75097 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex moldova 0-14_years male 609372 );; line 75097 (wfb::age_structure moldova 15-64_years (* 64 %) );; line 75099 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex moldova 15-64_years female 1487170 );; line 75099 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex moldova 15-64_years male 1386293 );; line 75099 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure moldova 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 75101 (wfb::age_structure moldova 65_years_and_over (* 9 %) );; line 75101 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex moldova 65_years_and_over female 258958 );; line 75101 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex moldova 65_years_and_over male 159709 );; line 75101 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate moldova date_1995 );; line 75105 (wfb::population_growth_rate moldova (* 0.36 %) );; line 75105 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate moldova date_1995 );; line 75109 (wfb::birth_rate moldova (* 15.93 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 75109 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate moldova date_1995 );; line 75113 (wfb::death_rate moldova (* 10.05 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 75113 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate moldova date_1995 );; line 75117 (wfb::net_migration_rate moldova (* -2.25 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 75117 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate moldova date_1995 );; line 75121 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate moldova (* 29.8 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 75121 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth moldova total_population (* 68.22 years) );; line 75126 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth moldova male (* 64.81 years) );; line 75128 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth moldova female date_1995 );; line 75130 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth moldova female (* 71.8 years) );; line 75130 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate moldova date_1995 );; line 75134 (wfb::total_fertility_rate moldova (* 2.16 children_born/woman) );; line 75134 (wfb::nationality moldova noun "Moldovan(s)" );; line 75139 (wfb::nationality moldova adjective "Moldovan" );; line 75141 (wfb::comment ethnic_divisions moldova "1989 figures" );; line 75145 (wfb::ethnic-entity moldova moldavian/romanian (* 64.5 %) );; line 75145 (wfb::ethnic-entity moldova ukrainian (* 13.8 %) );; line 75145 (wfb::ethnic-entity moldova russian (* 13 %) );; line 75145 (wfb::ethnic-entity moldova gagauz (* 3.5 %) );; line 75145 (wfb::ethnic-entity moldova jewish-ethnic-entity (* 1.5 %) );; line 75145 (wfb::ethnic-entity moldova bulgarian (* 2 %) );; line 75145 (wfb::comment ethnic_divisions moldova "internal disputes with ethnic Russians and Ukrainians in the Dniester region and Gagauz Turks in the south" );; line 75148 (wfb::measurement-date religion date_1991 );; line 75153 (wfb::comment religions moldova "only about 1,000 members" );; line 75153 (wfb::religion moldova eastern_orthodox (* 98.5 %) );; line 75153 (wfb::religion moldova jewish (* 1.5 %) );; line 75153 (wfb::religion moldova baptist n/a );; line 75153 (wfb::comment religions moldova "the large majority of churchgoers are ethnic Moldavian" );; line 75156 (wfb::language moldova moldovan n/a );; line 75160 (wfb::comment language moldova moldovan "official; virtually the same as the Romanian language" );; line 75160 (wfb::language moldova russian-language-group n/a );; line 75160 (wfb::language moldova gagauz-language-group n/a );; line 75160 (wfb::comment language moldova gagauz-language-group "a Turkish dialect" );; line 75160 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition moldova date_1989 );; line 75165 (wfb::literacy-condition moldova "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 75165 (wfb::literacy moldova total_population (* 96 %) );; line 75167 (wfb::literacy moldova male (* 99 %) );; line 75169 (wfb::literacy moldova female (* 94 %) );; line 75171 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force moldova date_jan_1994 );; line 75175 (wfb::total_labor_force moldova 2.03e6 );; line 75175 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation moldova agriculture (* 34.4 %) );; line 75177 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation moldova industry (* 20.1 %) );; line 75177 (wfb::comment labor_force_by_occupation moldova "1985 figures" );; line 75177 (wfb::names moldova conventional_long_form "Republic of Moldova" );; line 75183 (wfb::names moldova conventional_short_form "Moldova" );; line 75185 (wfb::names moldova local_long_form "Republica Moldova" );; line 75187 (wfb::names moldova former "Soviet Socialist Republic of Moldova; Moldavia" );; line 75191 (wfb::digraph moldova "MD" );; line 75195 (wfb::type moldova "republic" );; line 75199 (wfb::capital moldova chisinau-moldova );; line 75203 (wfb::independence moldova date_27_aug_1991 "Soviet Union" );; line 75212 (wfb::national_holiday moldova "Independence Day" date_27_aug_1991 );; line 75216 (wfb::constitution moldova "new constitution adopted NA July 1994; replaces old Soviet constitution of 1979" );; line 75220 (wfb::legal_system moldova "based on civil law system; no judicial review of legislative acts; does not accept compulsory ICJ jurisdiction but accepts many UN and OSCE documents" );; line 75225 (wfb::comment suffrage moldova " universal" );; line 75231 (wfb::suffrage moldova (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 75231 (wfb::comment executive_branch moldova chief_of_state "election last held 8 December 1991 (next to be held NA 1996)" );; line 75236 (wfb::comment executive_branch moldova chief_of_state "results - Mircea SNEGUR ran unopposed and won 98.17% of vote" );; line 75236 (wfb::comment executive_branch moldova chief_of_state "note - President SNEGUR was named executive president by the Supreme Soviet on 3 September 1990 and was confirmed by popular election on 8 December 1991" );; line 75236 (wfb::executive_branch moldova chief_of_state "President Mircea SNEGUR " date_3_sep_1990 );; line 75236 (wfb::comment executive_branch moldova head_of_government "First Deputy Prime Minister Ion GUTU (since NA)" );; line 75242 (wfb::comment executive_branch moldova cabinet "appointed by the president on recommendation of the prime minister" );; line 75246 (wfb::executive_branch moldova cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 75246 (wfb::legislative_structure moldova unicameral n/a );; line 75251 (wfb::legislative_branch moldova "Parliament" "elections last held 27 February 1994 (next to be held NA 1999); results - percent by party NA; seats - (104 total) Agrarian-Democratic Party 56, Socialist/Yedinstvo Bloc 28, Peasants and Intellectual Bloc 11, Christian Democratic Popular Front 9" );; line 75253 (wfb::judicial_branch moldova "Supreme Court" );; line 75260 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders moldova "Christian Democratic Popular Front (formerly Moldovan Popular Front), Iurie ROSCA, chairman; Yedinstvo Intermovement, Vladimir SOLONARI, chairman; Social Democratic Party, Oazu NANTOI, chairman, two other chairmen; Agrarian-Democratic Party, Dumitru MOTPAN, chairman; Democratic Party, Gheorghe GHIMPU, chairman; Democratic Labor Party, Alexandru ARSENI, chairman; Reform Party, Anatol SELARU; Republican Party, Victor PUSCAS; Socialist Party, Valeriu SENIC, cochairman; Communist Party, Vladimir VORONIN, cochairman; Peasants and Intellectuals Bloc" );; line 75264 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups moldova "United Council of Labor Collectives (UCLC), Igor SMIRNOV, chairman; Congress of Intellectuals, Alexandru MOSANU; The Ecology Movement of Moldova (EMM), G. MALARCHUK, chairman; The Christian Democratic League of Women of Moldova (CDLWM), L. LARI, chairman; National Christian Party of Moldova (NCPM), D. TODIKE, M. BARAGA, V. NIKU, leaders; The Peoples Movement Gagauz Khalky (GKh), S. GULGAR, leader; The Democratic Party of Gagauzia (DPG), G. SAVOSTIN, chairman; The Alliance of Working People of Moldova (AWPM), G. POLOGOV, president; Christian Alliance for Greater Romania; Stefan the Great Movement; Liberal Convention of Moldova; Association of Victims of Repression; Christian Democratic Youth League" );; line 75275 (wfb::member_of moldova bsec );; line 75288 (wfb::member_of moldova ce );; line 75288 (wfb::comment member_of moldova ce "guest" );; line 75288 (wfb::member_of moldova cis );; line 75288 (wfb::member_of moldova ebrd );; line 75288 (wfb::member_of moldova ece );; line 75288 (wfb::member_of moldova ibrd );; line 75288 (wfb::member_of moldova icao );; line 75288 (wfb::member_of moldova ida );; line 75288 (wfb::member_of moldova ilo );; line 75288 (wfb::member_of moldova imf );; line 75288 (wfb::member_of moldova intelsat );; line 75288 (wfb::comment member_of moldova intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 75288 (wfb::member_of moldova interpol );; line 75288 (wfb::member_of moldova ioc );; line 75288 (wfb::member_of moldova iom );; line 75288 (wfb::comment member_of moldova iom "observer" );; line 75288 (wfb::member_of moldova itu );; line 75288 (wfb::member_of moldova nacc );; line 75288 (wfb::member_of moldova osce );; line 75288 (wfb::member_of moldova pfp );; line 75288 (wfb::member_of moldova un );; line 75288 (wfb::member_of moldova unctad );; line 75288 (wfb::member_of moldova unesco );; line 75288 (wfb::member_of moldova unido );; line 75288 (wfb::member_of moldova upu );; line 75288 (wfb::member_of moldova who );; line 75288 (wfb::member_of moldova wipo );; line 75288 (wfb::member_of moldova wto );; line 75288 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us moldova chief_of_mission "Ambassador Nicolae TAU" );; line 75295 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us moldova chancery "Suites 329, 333, 1511 K Street NW, Washington, DC 20005" );; line 75297 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us moldova telephone "[1] (202) 783-3012" );; line 75299 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us moldova fax "[1] (202) 783-3342" );; line 75301 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation moldova chief_of_mission "Ambassador Mary C. PENDLETON" );; line 75306 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation moldova embassy "Strada Alexei Mateevich #103, Chisinau" );; line 75308 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation moldova mailing_address "use embassy street address" );; line 75310 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation moldova telephone "[373] (2) 23-37-72" );; line 75312 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation moldova fax "[373] (2) 23-30-44" );; line 75314 (wfb::flag moldova "same color scheme as Romania - 3 equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, and red; emblem in center of flag is of a Roman eagle of gold outlined in black with a red beak and talons carrying a yellow cross in its beak and a green olive branch in its right talons and a yellow scepter in its left talons; on its breast is a shield divided horizontally red over blue with a stylized ox head, star, rose, and crescent all in black-outlined yellow" );; line 75318 (wfb::overview moldova "Moldova enjoys a favorable climate and good farmland but has no major mineral deposits. As a result, Moldova's economy is primarily based on agriculture, featuring fruits, vegetables, wine, and tobacco. Moldova must import all of its supplies of oil, coal, and natural gas, and energy shortages have contributed to sharp production declines since the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991. The Moldovan government is making steady progress on an ambitious economic reform agenda, and the IMF has called Moldova a model for the region. As part of its reform efforts, Chisinau has introduced a stable currency, freed all prices, stopped issuing preferential credits to state enterprises and backed their steady privatization, removed export controls, and freed interest rates. Chisinau appears strongly committed to continuing these reforms in 1995. Meanwhile, privatization of medium and large enterprises got underway in mid-1994 and is expected to pick up speed in 1995. To improve its precarious energy situation, Chisinau reached an agreement with Moscow in December 1994 on gas deliveries for 1995. Gazprom, Russia's national gas company, has agreed to reduce prices for natural gas deliveries to Moldova from the world market price of $80/thousand cubic meters (tcm) to $58/tcm in return for part ownership of the Moldovan pipeline system." );; line 75329 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate moldova date_1994 );; line 75355 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate moldova (* -30 %) );; line 75355 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita moldova date_1994 );; line 75359 (wfb::national_product_per_capita moldova (* 2670 $) );; line 75359 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| moldova "7.6% per month (1994)" );; line 75363 (wfb::budget moldova revenues (* n/a $) );; line 75373 (wfb::budget moldova expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 75375 (wfb::budget moldova capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 75375 (wfb::comment budget moldova "budget deficit for 1993 approximately 6% of GDP" );; line 75377 (wfb::exports moldova (* 144e6 $) );; line 75381 (wfb::measurement-date exports moldova date_1991 );; line 75384 (wfb::exports moldova commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 75384 (wfb::exports moldova commodities wine n/a );; line 75384 (wfb::exports moldova commodities tobacco n/a );; line 75384 (wfb::exports moldova commodities textiles_and_footwear n/a );; line 75384 (wfb::exports moldova commodities machinery n/a );; line 75384 (wfb::exports moldova commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 75384 (wfb::exports moldova partners russia n/a );; line 75387 (wfb::exports moldova partners kazakhstan n/a );; line 75387 (wfb::exports moldova partners ukraine n/a );; line 75387 (wfb::exports moldova partners romania n/a );; line 75387 (wfb::exports moldova partners germany n/a );; line 75387 (wfb::imports moldova (* 174e6 $) );; line 75391 (wfb::imports moldova commodities oil-commodity n/a );; line 75394 (wfb::imports moldova commodities gas n/a );; line 75394 (wfb::imports moldova commodities coal-commodity n/a );; line 75394 (wfb::imports moldova commodities steel-commodity n/a );; line 75394 (wfb::imports moldova commodities machinery n/a );; line 75394 (wfb::imports moldova commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 75394 (wfb::imports moldova commodities automobiles n/a );; line 75394 (wfb::imports moldova partners russia n/a );; line 75397 (wfb::imports moldova partners ukraine n/a );; line 75397 (wfb::imports moldova partners uzbekistan n/a );; line 75397 (wfb::imports moldova partners romania n/a );; line 75397 (wfb::imports moldova partners germany n/a );; line 75397 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 75405 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production moldova date_1994 );; line 75405 (wfb::industrial_production moldova growth_rate (* -30 %) );; line 75405 (wfb::electricity moldova capacity (* 3000000 kw) );; line 75410 (wfb::electricity moldova production (* 8.2e9 kwh) );; line 75412 (wfb::measurement-date electricity moldova consumption_per_capita date_1994 );; line 75414 (wfb::electricity moldova consumption_per_capita (* 1830 kwh) );; line 75414 (wfb::industry moldova key_products_are_canned_food );; line 75418 (wfb::industry moldova agricultural_machinery );; line 75418 (wfb::industry moldova foundry_equipment );; line 75418 (wfb::industry moldova refrigerators );; line 75418 (wfb::industry moldova freezers );; line 75418 (wfb::industry moldova washing_machines );; line 75418 (wfb::industry moldova hosiery );; line 75418 (wfb::industry moldova refined_sugar );; line 75418 (wfb::industry moldova vegetable_oil );; line 75418 (wfb::industry moldova shoes );; line 75418 (wfb::industry moldova textiles );; line 75418 (wfb::agriculture moldova "accounts for about 40% of GDP; Moldova's principal economic activity; products are vegetables, fruits, wine, grain, sugar beets, sunflower seed, meat, milk, tobacco" );; line 75424 (wfb::illicit_drugs moldova "illicit cultivator of opium poppy and cannabis; mostly for CIS consumption; transshipment point for illicit drugs to Western Europe" );; line 75430 (wfb::economic_aid moldova recipient "joint EC-US loan (1993), $127 million; IMF STF credit (1993), $64 million; IMF stand-by loan (1993), $72 million; US commitments (1992-93), $61 million in humanitarian aid, $11 million in technical assistance; World Bank loan (1993), $60 million; Russia (1993), 50 billion ruble credit; Romania (1993), 20 billion lei credit" );; line 75436 (wfb::abbreviation |the leu (plural lei) was introduced in late 1993| "n/a" );; line 75444 (wfb::currency moldova |the leu (plural lei) was introduced in late 1993| n/a n/a );; line 75444 (wfb::exchange_rates moldova "lei per US$1 - 4.277 (22 December 1994)" );; line 75448 (wfb::fiscal_year moldova date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 75452 (wfb::railroads moldova total "1,150 km in common carrier service; does not include industrial lines" );; line 75458 (wfb::railroads moldova broad_gauge "1,150 km 1.520-m gauge (1990)" );; line 75461 (wfb::highways moldova total (* 20000 km) );; line 75466 (wfb::highways moldova paved_or_graveled (* 13900 km) );; line 75468 (wfb::measurement-date highways moldova date_1990 );; line 75470 (wfb::comment highways moldova unpaved "1990" );; line 75470 (wfb::measurement-date highways moldova unpaved earth date_1990 );; line 75470 (wfb::highways moldova earth (* 6100 km) );; line 75470 (wfb::measurement-date pipelines date_1992 );; line 75474 (wfb::comment pipelines moldova "1992" );; line 75474 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 310 km) );; line 75474 (wfb::airports moldova total 26 );; line 75483 (wfb::airports moldova |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 75485 (wfb::airports moldova |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 2 );; line 75487 (wfb::airports moldova |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 2 );; line 75489 (wfb::airports moldova with_paved_runways_under_914_m 3 );; line 75491 (wfb::airports moldova |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 3 );; line 75493 (wfb::airports moldova |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 2 );; line 75495 (wfb::airports moldova |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 5 );; line 75497 (wfb::airports moldova with_unpaved_runways_under_914_m 8 );; line 75499 (wfb::telephone_system moldova "577,000 telephones; 134 telephones/1,000 persons; telecommunication system not well developed; 215,000 unsatisfied requests for telephone service (1991)" );; line 75504 (wfb::telephone_system moldova local "NA" );; line 75508 (wfb::telephone_system moldova intercity "NA" );; line 75510 (wfb::telephone_system moldova international "international connections to the other former Soviet republics by land line and microwave radio relay through Ukraine, and to other countries by leased connections to the Moscow international gateway switch; 1 EUTELSAT and 1 INTELSAT earth station" );; line 75512 (wfb::radio moldova radios n/a );; line 75522 (wfb::television moldova broadcast_stations n/a );; line 75527 (wfb::television moldova televisions n/a );; line 75529 (wfb::defense_branch moldova ground_forces_moldova );; line 75535 (wfb::defense_branch moldova air_and_air_defense_forces_moldova );; line 75535 (wfb::comment defense_branch moldova republic_security_forces_moldova "internal and border troops" );; line 75535 (wfb::defense_branch moldova republic_security_forces_moldova );; line 75535 (wfb::manpower_availability moldova "males age 15-49 1,116,912; males fit for military service 881,642; males reach military age (18) annually 35,447 (1995 est.)" );; line 75540 (wfb::markup-parameter figure monaco "graphno=\"mn.tif\"" );; line 75551 (wfb::location monaco "Western Europe, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, on the southern coast of France, near the border with Italy" );; line 75555 (wfb::map_references monaco "Europe" );; line 75560 (wfb::area monaco total_area (* 1.9 sq_km) );; line 75565 (wfb::area monaco land_area (* 1.9 sq_km) );; line 75567 (wfb::area monaco comparative_area "about three times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC" );; line 75569 (wfb::borders monaco total (* 4.4 km) );; line 75573 (wfb::borders monaco france (* 4.4 km) );; line 75573 (wfb::coastline monaco (* 4.1 km) );; line 75577 (wfb::maritime_claims monaco territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 75582 (wfb::international_disputes monaco "none" );; line 75586 (wfb::climate monaco "Mediterranean with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers" );; line 75590 (wfb::terrain monaco "hilly, rugged, rocky" );; line 75594 (wfb::land_use monaco arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 75603 (wfb::land_use monaco permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 75605 (wfb::land_use monaco meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 75607 (wfb::land_use monaco forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 75609 (wfb::land_use monaco other (* 100 %) );; line 75611 (wfb::irrigated_land monaco (* n/a sq_km) );; line 75615 (wfb::environment monaco current_issues "NA" );; line 75620 (wfb::environment monaco natural_hazards "NA" );; line 75622 (wfb::environment monaco international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Whaling" );; line 75624 (wfb::environment monaco international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Law of the Sea" );; line 75624 (wfb::note monaco "second smallest independent state in world (after Holy See); almost entirely urban" );; line 75630 (wfb::estimation-date population monaco date_jul_1995 );; line 75637 (wfb::population monaco 31515 );; line 75637 (wfb::age_structure monaco 0-14_years (* 17 %) );; line 75642 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex monaco 0-14_years female 2691 );; line 75642 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex monaco 0-14_years male 2740 );; line 75642 (wfb::age_structure monaco 15-64_years (* 63 %) );; line 75644 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex monaco 15-64_years female 10233 );; line 75644 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex monaco 15-64_years male 9645 );; line 75644 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure monaco 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 75646 (wfb::age_structure monaco 65_years_and_over (* 20 %) );; line 75646 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex monaco 65_years_and_over female 3939 );; line 75646 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex monaco 65_years_and_over male 2267 );; line 75646 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate monaco date_1995 );; line 75650 (wfb::population_growth_rate monaco (* 0.7 %) );; line 75650 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate monaco date_1995 );; line 75654 (wfb::birth_rate monaco (* 10.66 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 75654 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate monaco date_1995 );; line 75658 (wfb::death_rate monaco (* 12.12 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 75658 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate monaco date_1995 );; line 75662 (wfb::net_migration_rate monaco (* 8.44 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 75662 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate monaco date_1995 );; line 75666 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate monaco (* 7 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 75666 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth monaco total_population (* 77.9 years) );; line 75671 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth monaco male (* 74.18 years) );; line 75673 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth monaco female date_1995 );; line 75675 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth monaco female (* 81.8 years) );; line 75675 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate monaco date_1995 );; line 75679 (wfb::total_fertility_rate monaco (* 1.7 children_born/woman) );; line 75679 (wfb::nationality monaco noun "Monacan(s) or Monegasque(s)" );; line 75684 (wfb::nationality monaco adjective "Monacan or Monegasque" );; line 75686 (wfb::ethnic-entity monaco french-ethnic-entity (* 47 %) );; line 75690 (wfb::ethnic-entity monaco monegasque (* 16 %) );; line 75690 (wfb::ethnic-entity monaco italian-ethnic-entity (* 16 %) );; line 75690 (wfb::religion monaco roman_catholic (* 95 %) );; line 75694 (wfb::language monaco french n/a );; line 75698 (wfb::comment language monaco french "official" );; line 75698 (wfb::language monaco english n/a );; line 75698 (wfb::language monaco italian n/a );; line 75698 (wfb::language monaco monegasque-language-group n/a );; line 75698 (wfb::literacy-condition monaco "NA%" );; line 75702 (wfb::total_labor_force monaco n/a );; line 75706 (wfb::names monaco conventional_long_form "Principality of Monaco" );; line 75712 (wfb::names monaco conventional_short_form "Monaco" );; line 75714 (wfb::names monaco local_long_form "Principaute de Monaco" );; line 75716 (wfb::names monaco local_short_form "Monaco" );; line 75718 (wfb::digraph monaco "MN" );; line 75722 (wfb::type monaco "constitutional monarchy" );; line 75726 (wfb::capital monaco monaco-monaco );; line 75730 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_monaco_quarters "quarters" "quartiers" "quartier" );; line 75734 (wfb::administrative_divisions monaco adm_div_monaco_quarters 4 );; line 75734 (wfb::administrative_division_of monaco adm_div_monaco_quarters "Fontvieille" );; line 75734 (wfb::administrative_division_of monaco adm_div_monaco_quarters "La Condamine" );; line 75734 (wfb::administrative_division_of monaco adm_div_monaco_quarters "Monaco-Ville" );; line 75734 (wfb::administrative_division_of monaco adm_div_monaco_quarters "Monte-Carlo" );; line 75734 (wfb::comment independence monaco "rule by the House of Grimaldi" );; line 75739 (wfb::independence monaco date_1419 "n/a" );; line 75739 (wfb::national_holiday monaco "National Day" date_19_nov );; line 75743 (wfb::constitution monaco "17 December 1962" );; line 75747 (wfb::legal_system monaco "based on French law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 75751 (wfb::comment suffrage monaco " universal" );; line 75755 (wfb::suffrage monaco (* 25 years_of_age) );; line 75755 (wfb::comment executive_branch monaco chief_of_state "Heir Apparent Prince ALBERT Alexandre Louis Pierre (born 14 March 1958)" );; line 75760 (wfb::executive_branch monaco chief_of_state "Prince RAINIER III " date_nov_1949 );; line 75760 (wfb::comment executive_branch monaco cabinet "under the authority of the Prince" );; line 75765 (wfb::executive_branch monaco cabinet "Council of Government" );; line 75765 (wfb::legislative_structure monaco unicameral n/a );; line 75769 (wfb::legislative_branch monaco "National Council (Conseil National)" "elections last held 24 and 31 January 1993 (next to be held NA); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (18 total) Campora List 15, Medecin List 2, independent 1" );; line 75771 (wfb::judicial_branch monaco "Supreme Tribunal (Tribunal Supreme)" );; line 75777 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders monaco "National and Democratic Union (UND); Campora List, Anne-Marie CAMPORA; Medecin List, Jean-Louis MEDECIN" );; line 75781 (wfb::member_of monaco acct );; line 75786 (wfb::member_of monaco ece );; line 75786 (wfb::member_of monaco iaea );; line 75786 (wfb::member_of monaco icao );; line 75786 (wfb::member_of monaco icrm );; line 75786 (wfb::member_of monaco ifrcs );; line 75786 (wfb::member_of monaco imo );; line 75786 (wfb::member_of monaco inmarsat );; line 75786 (wfb::member_of monaco intelsat );; line 75786 (wfb::member_of monaco interpol );; line 75786 (wfb::member_of monaco ioc );; line 75786 (wfb::member_of monaco itu );; line 75786 (wfb::member_of monaco osce );; line 75786 (wfb::member_of monaco un );; line 75786 (wfb::member_of monaco unctad );; line 75786 (wfb::member_of monaco unesco );; line 75786 (wfb::member_of monaco upu );; line 75786 (wfb::member_of monaco who );; line 75786 (wfb::member_of monaco wipo );; line 75786 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us monaco |honorary consulate(s) general| "Boston, Chicago, Los Angeles, New Orleans, New York, San Francisco, San Juan (Puerto Rico)" );; line 75792 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us monaco |honorary consulate(s)| "Dallas, Palm Beach, Philadelphia, and Washington, DC" );; line 75795 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation monaco "no mission in Monaco, but the US Consul General in Marseille, France, is accredited to Monaco" );; line 75799 (wfb::flag monaco "two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; similar to the flag of Indonesia which is longer and the flag of Poland which is white (top) and red" );; line 75804 (wfb::overview monaco "Monaco, situated on the French Mediterranean coast, is a popular resort, attracting tourists to its casino and pleasant climate. The Principality has successfully sought to diversify into services and small, high-value-added, nonpolluting industries. The state has no income tax and low business taxes and thrives as a tax haven both for individuals who have established residence and for foreign companies that have set up businesses and offices. About 50% of Monaco's annual revenue comes from value-added taxes on hotels, banks, and the industrial sector; about 25% of revenue comes from tourism. Living standards are high, that is, roughly comparable to those in prosperous French metropolitan suburbs." );; line 75811 (wfb::estimation-date national_product monaco date_1993 );; line 75824 (wfb::national_product monaco (* 558e6 $) );; line 75824 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate monaco (* n/a %) );; line 75828 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita monaco date_1993 );; line 75832 (wfb::national_product_per_capita monaco (* 18000 $) );; line 75832 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| monaco "NA%" );; line 75836 (wfb::budget monaco revenues (* 424e6 $) );; line 75845 (wfb::estimation-date budget monaco date_1991 );; line 75847 (wfb::budget monaco expenditures (* 376e6 $) );; line 75847 (wfb::budget monaco capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 75847 (wfb::exports monaco (* n/a $) );; line 75851 (wfb::imports monaco (* n/a $) );; line 75857 (wfb::external_debt monaco (* n/a $) );; line 75863 (wfb::industrial_production monaco growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 75867 (wfb::electricity monaco production (* n/a kwh) );; line 75874 (wfb::measurement-date electricity monaco consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 75876 (wfb::electricity monaco consumption_per_capita (* n/a kwh) );; line 75876 (wfb::agriculture monaco "none" );; line 75880 (wfb::economic_aid monaco "$NA" );; line 75884 (wfb::abbreviation french_franc "F" );; line 75888 (wfb::currency monaco french_franc 100 centimes );; line 75888 (wfb::exchange_rates monaco "French francs (F) per US$1 - 5.9243 (January 1995), 5.520 (1994), 5.6632 (1993), 5.2938 (1992), 5.6421 (1991), 5.4453 (1990)" );; line 75892 (wfb::fiscal_year monaco date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 75897 (wfb::railroads monaco total "1.7 km" );; line 75903 (wfb::railroads monaco standard_gauge "1.7 km 1.435-m gauge" );; line 75905 (wfb::port monaco monaco-monaco );; line 75913 (wfb::merchant_marine monaco "none" );; line 75917 (wfb::telephone_system monaco "38,200 telephones; automatic telephone system" );; line 75926 (wfb::telephone_system monaco local "NA" );; line 75928 (wfb::telephone_system monaco intercity "NA" );; line 75930 (wfb::telephone_system monaco international "no satellite links; served by cable into the French communications system" );; line 75932 (wfb::radio monaco broadcast_stations am 3 );; line 75938 (wfb::radio monaco broadcast_stations fm 4 );; line 75938 (wfb::radio monaco broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 75938 (wfb::radio monaco radios n/a );; line 75940 (wfb::television monaco broadcast_stations 5 );; line 75945 (wfb::television monaco televisions n/a );; line 75947 (wfb::note monaco "defense is the responsibility of France" );; line 75953 (wfb::markup-parameter figure mongolia "graphno=\"mg.tif\"" );; line 75959 (wfb::location mongolia "Northern Asia, north of China" );; line 75963 (wfb::map_references mongolia "Asia" );; line 75967 (wfb::area mongolia total_area (* 1.565e6 sq_km) );; line 75972 (wfb::area mongolia land_area (* 1.565e6 sq_km) );; line 75974 (wfb::area mongolia comparative_area "slightly larger than Alaska" );; line 75976 (wfb::borders mongolia total (* 8114 km) );; line 75980 (wfb::borders mongolia china (* 4673 km) );; line 75980 (wfb::borders mongolia russia (* 3441 km) );; line 75980 (wfb::comment coastline mongolia "landlocked" );; line 75984 (wfb::coastline mongolia (* 0 km) );; line 75984 (wfb::maritime_claims mongolia "none; landlocked" );; line 75988 (wfb::international_disputes mongolia "none" );; line 75992 (wfb::climate mongolia "desert" );; line 75996 (wfb::climate mongolia "continental (large daily and seasonal temperature ranges)" );; line 75996 (wfb::terrain mongolia "vast semidesert and desert plains" );; line 76000 (wfb::terrain mongolia "mountains in west and southwest" );; line 76000 (wfb::terrain mongolia "Gobi Desert in southeast" );; line 76000 (wfb::natural-resource mongolia oil-natural-resource );; line 76005 (wfb::natural-resource mongolia coal );; line 76005 (wfb::natural-resource mongolia copper );; line 76005 (wfb::natural-resource mongolia molybdenum );; line 76005 (wfb::natural-resource mongolia tungsten );; line 76005 (wfb::natural-resource mongolia phosphates );; line 76005 (wfb::natural-resource mongolia tin );; line 76005 (wfb::natural-resource mongolia nickel );; line 76005 (wfb::natural-resource mongolia zinc );; line 76005 (wfb::natural-resource mongolia wolfram );; line 76005 (wfb::natural-resource mongolia fluorspar );; line 76005 (wfb::natural-resource mongolia gold );; line 76005 (wfb::land_use mongolia arable_land (* 1 %) );; line 76011 (wfb::land_use mongolia permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 76013 (wfb::land_use mongolia meadows_and_pastures (* 79 %) );; line 76015 (wfb::land_use mongolia forest_and_woodland (* 10 %) );; line 76017 (wfb::land_use mongolia other (* 10 %) );; line 76019 (wfb::measurement-date irrigated_land mongolia date_1989 );; line 76023 (wfb::irrigated_land mongolia (* 770 sq_km) );; line 76023 (wfb::environment mongolia current_issues "limited natural fresh water resources" );; line 76028 (wfb::environment mongolia current_issues "policies of the former communist regime promoting rapid urbanization and industrial growth have raised concerns about their negative effects on the environment" );; line 76028 (wfb::environment mongolia current_issues "the burning of soft coal and the concentration of factories in Ulaanbaatar have severely polluted the air" );; line 76028 (wfb::environment mongolia current_issues "deforestation, overgrazing, the converting of virgin land to agricultural production have increased soil erosion from wind and rain" );; line 76028 (wfb::environment mongolia current_issues "desertification" );; line 76028 (wfb::environment mongolia natural_hazards "duststorms can occur in the spring" );; line 76036 (wfb::environment mongolia international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Environmental Modification, Nuclear Test Ban" );; line 76038 (wfb::environment mongolia international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Desertification, Law of the Sea" );; line 76038 (wfb::note mongolia "landlocked; strategic location between China and Russia" );; line 76044 (wfb::estimation-date population mongolia date_jul_1995 );; line 76050 (wfb::population mongolia 2493615 );; line 76050 (wfb::age_structure mongolia 0-14_years (* 40 %) );; line 76055 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex mongolia 0-14_years female 495919 );; line 76055 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex mongolia 0-14_years male 511464 );; line 76055 (wfb::age_structure mongolia 15-64_years (* 56 %) );; line 76057 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex mongolia 15-64_years female 693037 );; line 76057 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex mongolia 15-64_years male 693776 );; line 76057 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure mongolia 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 76059 (wfb::age_structure mongolia 65_years_and_over (* 4 %) );; line 76059 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex mongolia 65_years_and_over female 54991 );; line 76059 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex mongolia 65_years_and_over male 44428 );; line 76059 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate mongolia date_1995 );; line 76063 (wfb::population_growth_rate mongolia (* 2.58 %) );; line 76063 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate mongolia date_1995 );; line 76067 (wfb::birth_rate mongolia (* 32.65 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 76067 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate mongolia date_1995 );; line 76071 (wfb::death_rate mongolia (* 6.82 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 76071 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate mongolia date_1995 );; line 76075 (wfb::net_migration_rate mongolia (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 76075 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate mongolia date_1995 );; line 76079 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate mongolia (* 41.8 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 76079 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth mongolia total_population (* 66.54 years) );; line 76084 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth mongolia male (* 64.28 years) );; line 76086 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth mongolia female date_1995 );; line 76088 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth mongolia female (* 68.92 years) );; line 76088 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate mongolia date_1995 );; line 76092 (wfb::total_fertility_rate mongolia (* 4.26 children_born/woman) );; line 76092 (wfb::nationality mongolia noun "Mongolian(s)" );; line 76097 (wfb::nationality mongolia adjective "Mongolian" );; line 76099 (wfb::ethnic-entity mongolia mongol (* 90 %) );; line 76103 (wfb::ethnic-entity mongolia kazakh (* 4 %) );; line 76103 (wfb::ethnic-entity mongolia chinese (* 2 %) );; line 76103 (wfb::ethnic-entity mongolia russian (* 2 %) );; line 76103 (wfb::religion mongolia union16 (* 4 %) );; line 76107 (wfb::comment religions mongolia "previously limited religious activity because of Communist regime" );; line 76109 (wfb::language mongolia khalkha_mongol (* 90 %) );; line 76113 (wfb::language mongolia turkic n/a );; line 76113 (wfb::language mongolia russian-language-group n/a );; line 76113 (wfb::language mongolia chinese-language-group n/a );; line 76113 (wfb::literacy-condition mongolia "NA%" );; line 76117 (wfb::total_labor_force mongolia n/a );; line 76121 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation mongolia primarily_herding/agricultural n/a );; line 76123 (wfb::comment labor_force mongolia "over half the adult population is in the labor force, including a large percentage of women; shortage of skilled labor" );; line 76125 (wfb::names mongolia conventional_short_form "Mongolia" );; line 76134 (wfb::names mongolia local_short_form "Mongol Uls" );; line 76138 (wfb::names mongolia former "Outer Mongolia" );; line 76140 (wfb::digraph mongolia "MG" );; line 76144 (wfb::type mongolia "republic" );; line 76148 (wfb::capital mongolia ulaanbaatar-mongolia );; line 76152 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_mongolia_provinces "provinces" "aymguud" "aymag" );; line 76156 (wfb::administrative_divisions mongolia adm_div_mongolia_provinces 18 );; line 76156 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_mongolia_municipalities "municipalities" "hotuud" "hot" );; line 76156 (wfb::administrative_divisions mongolia adm_div_mongolia_municipalities 3 );; line 76156 (wfb::administrative_division_of mongolia adm_div_mongolia_provinces "Arhangay" );; line 76156 (wfb::administrative_division_of mongolia adm_div_mongolia_provinces "Bayanhongor" );; line 76156 (wfb::administrative_division_of mongolia adm_div_mongolia_provinces "Bayan-Olgiy" );; line 76156 (wfb::administrative_division_of mongolia adm_div_mongolia_provinces "Bulgan" );; line 76156 (wfb::administrative_division_of mongolia adm_div_mongolia_municipalities "Darhan" );; line 76156 (wfb::administrative_division_of mongolia adm_div_mongolia_provinces "Dornod" );; line 76156 (wfb::administrative_division_of mongolia adm_div_mongolia_provinces "Dornogovi" );; line 76156 (wfb::administrative_division_of mongolia adm_div_mongolia_provinces "Dundgovi" );; line 76156 (wfb::administrative_division_of mongolia adm_div_mongolia_provinces "Dzavhan" );; line 76156 (wfb::administrative_division_of mongolia adm_div_mongolia_municipalities "Erdenet" );; line 76156 (wfb::administrative_division_of mongolia adm_div_mongolia_provinces "Govi-Altay" );; line 76156 (wfb::administrative_division_of mongolia adm_div_mongolia_provinces "Hentiy" );; line 76156 (wfb::administrative_division_of mongolia adm_div_mongolia_provinces "Hovd" );; line 76156 (wfb::administrative_division_of mongolia adm_div_mongolia_provinces "Hovsgol" );; line 76156 (wfb::administrative_division_of mongolia adm_div_mongolia_provinces "Omnogovi" );; line 76156 (wfb::administrative_division_of mongolia adm_div_mongolia_provinces "Ovorhangay" );; line 76156 (wfb::administrative_division_of mongolia adm_div_mongolia_provinces "Selenge" );; line 76156 (wfb::administrative_division_of mongolia adm_div_mongolia_provinces "Suhbaatar" );; line 76156 (wfb::administrative_division_of mongolia adm_div_mongolia_provinces "Tov" );; line 76156 (wfb::administrative_division_of mongolia adm_div_mongolia_municipalities "Ulaanbaatar" );; line 76156 (wfb::administrative_division_of mongolia adm_div_mongolia_provinces "Uvs" );; line 76156 (wfb::independence mongolia date_13_mar_1921 "China" );; line 76163 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1921 );; line 76167 (wfb::comment national_holiday mongolia "1921" );; line 76167 (wfb::national_holiday mongolia "National Day" date_11_jul );; line 76167 (wfb::constitution mongolia "adopted 13 January 1992" );; line 76171 (wfb::legal_system mongolia "blend of Russian, Chinese, and Turkish systems of law; no constitutional provision for judicial review of legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 76175 (wfb::comment suffrage mongolia " universal" );; line 76181 (wfb::suffrage mongolia (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 76181 (wfb::comment executive_branch mongolia chief_of_state "election last held 6 June 1993 (next to be held NA 1997)" );; line 76186 (wfb::comment executive_branch mongolia chief_of_state "results - Punsalmaagiyn OCHIRBAT (MNDP and MSDP) elected directly with 57.8% of the vote" );; line 76186 (wfb::comment executive_branch mongolia chief_of_state "other candidate Lodongiyn TUDEV (MPRP)" );; line 76186 (wfb::executive_branch mongolia chief_of_state "President Punsalmaagiyn OCHIRBAT " date_3_sep_1990 );; line 76186 (wfb::comment executive_branch mongolia head_of_government "Deputy Prime Ministers Lhamsuren ENEBISH and Choijilsurengiyn PUREVDORJ (since NA)" );; line 76191 (wfb::executive_branch mongolia head_of_government "Prime Minister Putsagiyn JASRAY " date_3_aug_1992 );; line 76191 (wfb::comment executive_branch mongolia cabinet "appointed by the Great Hural" );; line 76194 (wfb::executive_branch mongolia cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 76194 (wfb::legislative_structure mongolia unicameral n/a );; line 76198 (wfb::legislative_branch mongolia "State Great Hural" "elections held for the first time 28 June 1992 (next to be held NA); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (76 total) MPRP 71, United Party of Mongolia 4, MSDP 1" );; line 76200 (wfb::comment legislative_branch mongolia "the People's Small Hural no longer exists" );; line 76204 (wfb::judicial_branch mongolia "Supreme Court serves as appeals court for people's and provincial courts, but to date rarely overturns verdicts of lower courts" );; line 76208 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders mongolia "Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (MPRP), Budragchagiin DASH-YONDON, secretary general; Mongolian National Democratic Party (MNDP), D. GANBOLD, chairman; Mongolian Social Democratic Party (MSDP), B. BATBAYAR, chairman; United Party of Mongolia, leader NA" );; line 76213 (wfb::comment political_parties_and_leaders mongolia "opposition parties were legalized in May 1990" );; line 76218 (wfb::member_of mongolia asdb );; line 76222 (wfb::member_of mongolia ccc );; line 76222 (wfb::member_of mongolia escap );; line 76222 (wfb::member_of mongolia fao );; line 76222 (wfb::member_of mongolia g-77 );; line 76222 (wfb::member_of mongolia iaea );; line 76222 (wfb::member_of mongolia ibrd );; line 76222 (wfb::member_of mongolia icao );; line 76222 (wfb::member_of mongolia icrm );; line 76222 (wfb::member_of mongolia ida );; line 76222 (wfb::member_of mongolia ifad );; line 76222 (wfb::member_of mongolia ifc );; line 76222 (wfb::member_of mongolia ifrcs );; line 76222 (wfb::member_of mongolia ilo );; line 76222 (wfb::member_of mongolia imf );; line 76222 (wfb::member_of mongolia intelsat );; line 76222 (wfb::comment member_of mongolia intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 76222 (wfb::member_of mongolia interpol );; line 76222 (wfb::member_of mongolia ioc );; line 76222 (wfb::member_of mongolia iso );; line 76222 (wfb::member_of mongolia itu );; line 76222 (wfb::member_of mongolia nam );; line 76222 (wfb::comment member_of mongolia nam "observer" );; line 76222 (wfb::member_of mongolia un );; line 76222 (wfb::member_of mongolia unctad );; line 76222 (wfb::member_of mongolia unesco );; line 76222 (wfb::member_of mongolia unido );; line 76222 (wfb::member_of mongolia upu );; line 76222 (wfb::member_of mongolia wftu );; line 76222 (wfb::member_of mongolia who );; line 76222 (wfb::member_of mongolia wipo );; line 76222 (wfb::member_of mongolia wmo );; line 76222 (wfb::member_of mongolia wto );; line 76222 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us mongolia chief_of_mission "Ambassador Luvsandorj DAWAAGIW" );; line 76229 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us mongolia chancery "2833 M Street NW, Washington, DC 20007" );; line 76231 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us mongolia telephone "[1] (202) 333-7117" );; line 76233 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us mongolia fax "[1] (202) 298-9227" );; line 76235 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us mongolia |consulate(s) general| "New York" );; line 76237 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation mongolia chief_of_mission "Ambassador Donald C. JOHNSON" );; line 76242 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation mongolia embassy "address NA, Ulaanbaatar" );; line 76244 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation mongolia mailing_address "c/o American Embassy Beijing, Micro Region 11, Big Ring Road; PSC 461, Box 300, FPO AP 96521-0002" );; line 76246 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation mongolia telephone "[976] (1) 329095, 329606" );; line 76249 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation mongolia fax "[976] (1) 320776" );; line 76251 (wfb::flag mongolia "three equal, vertical bands of red (hoist side), blue, and red, centered on the hoist-side red band in yellow is the national emblem (\"soyombo\" - a columnar arrangement of abstract and geometric representation for fire, sun, moon, earth, water, and the yin-yang symbol)" );; line 76255 (wfb::overview mongolia "Mongolia's severe climate, scattered population, and wide expanses of unproductive land have constrained economic development. Economic activity traditionally has been based on agriculture and the breeding of livestock. In past years extensive mineral resources had been developed with Soviet support; total Soviet assistance at its height amounted to 30% of GDP. The mining and processing of coal, copper, molybdenum, tin, tungsten, and gold account for a large part of industrial production. Timber and fishing are also important sectors. The Mongolian leadership has been gradually making the transition from Soviet-style central planning to a market economy through privatization and price reform, and is soliciting support from international financial agencies and foreign investors. The economy, however, has still not recovered from the loss of Soviet aid, and the country continues to suffer substantial economic hardships, with one-fourth of the population below the poverty line." );; line 76263 (wfb::estimation-date national_product mongolia date_1994 );; line 76280 (wfb::national_product mongolia (* 4.4e9 $) );; line 76280 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate mongolia date_1994 );; line 76284 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate mongolia (* 2.5 %) );; line 76284 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita mongolia date_1994 );; line 76288 (wfb::national_product_per_capita mongolia (* 1800 $) );; line 76288 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| mongolia "70% (1994 est.)" );; line 76292 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate mongolia date_1991 );; line 76296 (wfb::unemployment_rate mongolia (* 15 %) );; line 76296 (wfb::budget mongolia revenues (* n/a $) );; line 76301 (wfb::estimation-date budget mongolia date_1991 );; line 76303 (wfb::budget mongolia expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 76303 (wfb::budget mongolia capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 76303 (wfb::comment budget mongolia "deficit of $67 million" );; line 76305 (wfb::exports mongolia (* 360e6 $) );; line 76309 (wfb::exports mongolia commodities copper-commodity n/a );; line 76311 (wfb::exports mongolia commodities livestock n/a );; line 76311 (wfb::exports mongolia commodities animal_products n/a );; line 76311 (wfb::exports mongolia commodities cashmere n/a );; line 76311 (wfb::exports mongolia commodities wool n/a );; line 76311 (wfb::exports mongolia commodities hides n/a );; line 76311 (wfb::exports mongolia commodities fluorspar-commodity n/a );; line 76311 (wfb::measurement-date exports mongolia date_1992 );; line 76314 (wfb::exports mongolia partners former_cmea_countries (* 62 %) );; line 76314 (wfb::exports mongolia partners china (* 17 %) );; line 76314 (wfb::exports mongolia partners ec (* 8 %) );; line 76314 (wfb::imports mongolia (* 361e6 $) );; line 76318 (wfb::imports mongolia commodities machinery_and_equipment n/a );; line 76320 (wfb::imports mongolia commodities fuels n/a );; line 76320 (wfb::imports mongolia commodities food_products n/a );; line 76320 (wfb::imports mongolia commodities industrial_consumer_goods n/a );; line 76320 (wfb::imports mongolia commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 76320 (wfb::imports mongolia commodities building_materials n/a );; line 76320 (wfb::imports mongolia commodities sugar-commodity n/a );; line 76320 (wfb::imports mongolia commodities tea n/a );; line 76320 (wfb::measurement-date imports mongolia date_1991 );; line 76323 (wfb::imports mongolia partners ussr (* 75 %) );; line 76323 (wfb::imports mongolia partners austria (* 5 %) );; line 76323 (wfb::imports mongolia partners china (* 5 %) );; line 76323 (wfb::external_debt mongolia (* n/a $) );; line 76327 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1992 );; line 76331 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production mongolia date_1992 );; line 76331 (wfb::industrial_production mongolia growth_rate (* -15 %) );; line 76331 (wfb::electricity mongolia capacity (* 900000 kw) );; line 76336 (wfb::electricity mongolia production (* 3.1e9 kwh) );; line 76338 (wfb::measurement-date electricity mongolia consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 76340 (wfb::electricity mongolia consumption_per_capita (* 1267 kwh) );; line 76340 (wfb::industry mongolia copper-industry );; line 76344 (wfb::industry mongolia processing_of_animal_products );; line 76344 (wfb::industry mongolia building_materials-industry );; line 76344 (wfb::industry mongolia food-industry );; line 76344 (wfb::industry mongolia beverage );; line 76344 (wfb::industry mongolia |mining (particularly coal)| );; line 76344 (wfb::agriculture mongolia "accounts for about 35% of GDP and provides livelihood for about 50% of the population; livestock raising predominates (primarily sheep and goats, but also cattle, camels, and horses); crops - wheat, barley, potatoes, forage" );; line 76349 (wfb::economic_aid mongolia "NA" );; line 76356 (wfb::abbreviation tughrik "Tug" );; line 76360 (wfb::currency mongolia tughrik 100 mongos );; line 76360 (wfb::exchange_rates mongolia "tughriks (Tug) per US$1 - 415.34 (January 1995), 412.72 (1994), 42.56 (1992), 9.52 (1991), 5.63 (1990)" );; line 76364 (wfb::comment exchange_rates mongolia "the exchange rate 40 tughriks = 1US$ was introduced June 1991 and was in force to the end of 1992; beginning 27 May 1993 the exchange rate is the midpoint of the average buying and selling rates that are freely determined on the basis of market transactions between commercial banks and the nonbank public" );; line 76367 (wfb::fiscal_year mongolia date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 76375 (wfb::railroads mongolia total "1,750 km" );; line 76381 (wfb::railroads mongolia broad_gauge "1,750 km 1.524-m gauge (1988)" );; line 76383 (wfb::highways mongolia total (* 46700 km) );; line 76388 (wfb::highways mongolia paved (* 1000 km) );; line 76390 (wfb::measurement-date highways mongolia date_1988 );; line 76392 (wfb::inland_waterways mongolia "397 km of principal routes (1988)" );; line 76396 (wfb::airports mongolia total 34 );; line 76405 (wfb::airports mongolia |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 7 );; line 76407 (wfb::airports mongolia with_paved_runways_under_914_m 1 );; line 76409 (wfb::airports mongolia |with unpaved runways over 3,047 m| 3 );; line 76411 (wfb::airports mongolia |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 5 );; line 76413 (wfb::airports mongolia |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 10 );; line 76415 (wfb::airports mongolia |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 3 );; line 76417 (wfb::airports mongolia with_unpaved_runways_under_914_m 5 );; line 76419 (wfb::telephone_system mongolia "63,000 telephones (1989)" );; line 76424 (wfb::telephone_system mongolia local "NA" );; line 76426 (wfb::telephone_system mongolia intercity "NA" );; line 76428 (wfb::telephone_system mongolia international "at least 1 satellite earth station" );; line 76430 (wfb::radio mongolia broadcast_stations am 12 );; line 76435 (wfb::radio mongolia broadcast_stations fm 1 );; line 76435 (wfb::radio mongolia broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 76435 (wfb::radio mongolia radios 220000 );; line 76437 (wfb::comment television mongolia broadcast_stations "provincial repeaters - 18" );; line 76442 (wfb::television mongolia broadcast_stations 1 );; line 76442 (wfb::television mongolia televisions 120000 );; line 76444 (wfb::comment defense_branch mongolia |Mongolian People's Army_mongolia| "includes Internal Security Forces and Frontier Guards" );; line 76450 (wfb::defense_branch mongolia |Mongolian People's Army_mongolia| );; line 76450 (wfb::defense_branch mongolia air_force_mongolia );; line 76450 (wfb::manpower_availability mongolia "males age 15-49 605,633; males fit for military service 394,433; males reach military age (18) annually 25,862 (1995 est.)" );; line 76455 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures mongolia date_1992 );; line 76460 (wfb::defense_expenditures mongolia (* 22.8e6 $) );; line 76460 (wfb::defense_expenditures mongolia (* 1 %_of_gdp) );; line 76460 (wfb::markup-parameter figure montserrat "graphno=\"mh.tif\"" );; line 76466 (wfb::header montserrat "(dependent territory of the UK)" );; line 76466 (wfb::location montserrat "Caribbean, island in the Caribbean Sea, southeast of Puerto Rico" );; line 76471 (wfb::map_references montserrat "Central America and the Caribbean" );; line 76475 (wfb::area montserrat total_area (* 100 sq_km) );; line 76480 (wfb::area montserrat land_area (* 100 sq_km) );; line 76482 (wfb::area montserrat comparative_area "about 0.6 times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 76484 (wfb::coastline montserrat (* 40 km) );; line 76492 (wfb::maritime_claims montserrat exclusive_fishing_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 76497 (wfb::maritime_claims montserrat territorial_sea (* 3 nm) );; line 76499 (wfb::international_disputes montserrat "none" );; line 76503 (wfb::climate montserrat "tropical" );; line 76507 (wfb::climate montserrat "little daily or seasonal temperature variation" );; line 76507 (wfb::terrain montserrat "volcanic islands, mostly mountainous, with small coastal lowland" );; line 76511 (wfb::natural-resource montserrat negligible );; line 76515 (wfb::land_use montserrat arable_land (* 20 %) );; line 76520 (wfb::land_use montserrat permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 76522 (wfb::land_use montserrat meadows_and_pastures (* 10 %) );; line 76524 (wfb::land_use montserrat forest_and_woodland (* 40 %) );; line 76526 (wfb::land_use montserrat other (* 30 %) );; line 76528 (wfb::irrigated_land montserrat (* n/a sq_km) );; line 76532 (wfb::environment montserrat current_issues "land erosion occurs on slopes that have been cleared for cultivation" );; line 76537 (wfb::environment montserrat natural_hazards "severe hurricanes (June to November)" );; line 76540 (wfb::environment montserrat natural_hazards "volcanic eruptions (there are seven active volcanoes on the island)" );; line 76540 (wfb::environment montserrat international_agreements "NA" );; line 76543 (wfb::estimation-date population montserrat date_jul_1995 );; line 76549 (wfb::population montserrat 12738 );; line 76549 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate montserrat date_1995 );; line 76562 (wfb::population_growth_rate montserrat (* 0.3 %) );; line 76562 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate montserrat date_1995 );; line 76566 (wfb::birth_rate montserrat (* 15.5 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 76566 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate montserrat date_1995 );; line 76570 (wfb::death_rate montserrat (* 9.81 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 76570 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate montserrat date_1995 );; line 76574 (wfb::net_migration_rate montserrat (* -2.65 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 76574 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate montserrat date_1995 );; line 76578 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate montserrat (* 11.69 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 76578 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth montserrat total_population (* 75.69 years) );; line 76583 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth montserrat male (* 73.93 years) );; line 76585 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth montserrat female date_1995 );; line 76587 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth montserrat female (* 77.49 years) );; line 76587 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate montserrat date_1995 );; line 76591 (wfb::total_fertility_rate montserrat (* 1.99 children_born/woman) );; line 76591 (wfb::nationality montserrat noun "Montserratian(s)" );; line 76596 (wfb::nationality montserrat adjective "Montserratian" );; line 76598 (wfb::ethnic-entity montserrat black n/a );; line 76602 (wfb::ethnic-entity montserrat europeans n/a );; line 76602 (wfb::religion montserrat anglican n/a );; line 76606 (wfb::religion montserrat methodist n/a );; line 76606 (wfb::religion montserrat roman_catholic n/a );; line 76606 (wfb::religion montserrat pentecostal n/a );; line 76606 (wfb::religion montserrat seventh-day_adventist n/a );; line 76606 (wfb::language montserrat english n/a );; line 76611 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition montserrat date_1970 );; line 76615 (wfb::literacy-condition montserrat "age 15 and over has ever attended school" );; line 76615 (wfb::literacy montserrat total_population (* 97 %) );; line 76617 (wfb::literacy montserrat male (* 97 %) );; line 76619 (wfb::literacy montserrat female (* 97 %) );; line 76621 (wfb::total_labor_force montserrat 5100 );; line 76625 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force montserrat by_occupation date_1983 );; line 76627 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1983 );; line 76627 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation montserrat community n/a );; line 76627 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation montserrat social n/a );; line 76627 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation montserrat personal_services (* 40.5 %) );; line 76627 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation montserrat construction (* 13.5 %) );; line 76627 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation montserrat trade n/a );; line 76627 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation montserrat restaurants n/a );; line 76627 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation montserrat hotels (* 12.3 %) );; line 76627 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation montserrat manufacturing (* 10.5 %) );; line 76627 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation montserrat agriculture n/a );; line 76627 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation montserrat forestry n/a );; line 76627 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation montserrat fishing-occupation-type (* 8.8 %) );; line 76627 (wfb::names montserrat conventional_short_form "Montserrat" );; line 76637 (wfb::digraph montserrat "MH" );; line 76641 (wfb::type montserrat "dependent territory of the UK" );; line 76645 (wfb::capital montserrat plymouth-montserrat );; line 76649 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_montserrat_parishes "parishes" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 76653 (wfb::administrative_divisions montserrat adm_div_montserrat_parishes 3 );; line 76653 (wfb::administrative_division_of montserrat adm_div_montserrat_parishes "Saint Anthony" );; line 76653 (wfb::administrative_division_of montserrat adm_div_montserrat_parishes "Saint Georges" );; line 76653 (wfb::administrative_division_of montserrat adm_div_montserrat_parishes "Saint Peter's" );; line 76653 (wfb::comment independence montserrat "dependent territory of the UK" );; line 76657 (wfb::constitution montserrat "present constitution came into force 19 December 1989" );; line 76666 (wfb::legal_system montserrat "English common law and statute law" );; line 76670 (wfb::comment suffrage montserrat " universal" );; line 76674 (wfb::suffrage montserrat (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 76674 (wfb::executive_branch montserrat head_of_government "Chief Minister Reuben T. MEADE " date_oct_1991 );; line 76682 (wfb::comment executive_branch montserrat cabinet "consists of the governor, the chief minister, three other ministries, the attorney-general, and the finance secretary" );; line 76684 (wfb::executive_branch montserrat cabinet "Executive Council" );; line 76684 (wfb::legislative_structure montserrat unicameral n/a );; line 76689 (wfb::legislative_branch montserrat "Legislative Council" "elections last held 8 October 1991; results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (11 total, 7 elected) NPP 4, NDP 1, PLM 1, independent 1" );; line 76691 (wfb::judicial_branch montserrat "Supreme Court" );; line 76696 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders montserrat "National Progressive Party (NPP) Reuben T. MEADE; People's Liberation Movement (PLM), Noel TUITT; National Development Party (NDP), Bertrand OSBORNE" );; line 76700 (wfb::member_of montserrat caricom );; line 76706 (wfb::member_of montserrat cdb );; line 76706 (wfb::member_of montserrat eclac );; line 76706 (wfb::comment member_of montserrat eclac "associate" );; line 76706 (wfb::member_of montserrat icftu );; line 76706 (wfb::member_of montserrat interpol );; line 76706 (wfb::comment member_of montserrat interpol "subbureau" );; line 76706 (wfb::member_of montserrat oecs );; line 76706 (wfb::member_of montserrat wcl );; line 76706 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us montserrat "none (dependent territory of the UK)" );; line 76711 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation montserrat "none (dependent territory of the UK)" );; line 76715 (wfb::flag montserrat "blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Montserratian coat of arms centered in the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms features a woman standing beside a yellow harp with her arm around a black cross" );; line 76719 (wfb::overview montserrat "The economy is small and open with economic activity centered on tourism and construction. Tourism is the most important sector and accounts for roughly one-fifth of GDP. Agriculture accounts for about 4% of GDP and industry 10%. The economy is heavily dependent on imports, making it vulnerable to fluctuations in world prices. Exports consist mainly of electronic parts sold to the US." );; line 76727 (wfb::estimation-date national_product montserrat date_1993 );; line 76736 (wfb::national_product montserrat (* 55.6e6 $) );; line 76736 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate montserrat date_1993 );; line 76740 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate montserrat (* 1 %) );; line 76740 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita montserrat date_1993 );; line 76744 (wfb::national_product_per_capita montserrat (* 4380 $) );; line 76744 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| montserrat "2.8% (1992)" );; line 76748 (wfb::budget montserrat revenues (* 12.1e6 $) );; line 76757 (wfb::estimation-date budget montserrat date_1988 );; line 76759 (wfb::budget montserrat expenditures (* 14.3e6 $) );; line 76759 (wfb::budget montserrat capital_expenditures (* 3.2e6 $) );; line 76759 (wfb::exports montserrat (* 2.8e6 $) );; line 76764 (wfb::exports montserrat commodities electronic_parts n/a );; line 76766 (wfb::exports montserrat commodities plastic_bags n/a );; line 76766 (wfb::exports montserrat commodities apparel-commodity n/a );; line 76766 (wfb::exports montserrat commodities hot_peppers n/a );; line 76766 (wfb::exports montserrat commodities live_plants n/a );; line 76766 (wfb::exports montserrat commodities cattle n/a );; line 76766 (wfb::imports montserrat (* 80.6e6 $) );; line 76773 (wfb::imports montserrat commodities machinery_and_transportation_equipment n/a );; line 76775 (wfb::imports montserrat commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 76775 (wfb::imports montserrat commodities manufactured_goods n/a );; line 76775 (wfb::imports montserrat commodities fuels n/a );; line 76775 (wfb::imports montserrat commodities lubricants n/a );; line 76775 (wfb::imports montserrat commodities related_materials n/a );; line 76775 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt montserrat date_1987 );; line 76782 (wfb::external_debt montserrat (* 2.05e6 $) );; line 76782 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1986 );; line 76786 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production montserrat date_1986 );; line 76786 (wfb::industrial_production montserrat growth_rate (* 8.1 %) );; line 76786 (wfb::industrial_production montserrat accounts_for (* 10 %_of_gdp) );; line 76786 (wfb::electricity montserrat capacity (* 5271 kw) );; line 76791 (wfb::electricity montserrat production (* 17e6 kwh) );; line 76793 (wfb::measurement-date electricity montserrat consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 76795 (wfb::electricity montserrat consumption_per_capita (* 1106 kwh) );; line 76795 (wfb::industry montserrat tourism );; line 76799 (wfb::industry montserrat light_manufacturing_-_rum );; line 76799 (wfb::industry montserrat textiles );; line 76799 (wfb::industry montserrat electronic_appliances );; line 76799 (wfb::agriculture montserrat "accounts for 4% of GDP; small-scale farming; food crops - tomatoes, onions, peppers; not self-sufficient in food, especially livestock products" );; line 76804 (wfb::economic_aid montserrat recipient "Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $90 million" );; line 76811 (wfb::abbreviation ec_dollar "EC$" );; line 76816 (wfb::currency montserrat ec_dollar 100 cents );; line 76816 (wfb::exchange_rates montserrat "East Caribbean dollars (EC$) per US$1 - 2.70 (fixed rate since 1976)" );; line 76820 (wfb::fiscal_year montserrat date_1_apr date_31_mar );; line 76825 (wfb::railroads montserrat "0 km" );; line 76830 (wfb::highways montserrat total (* 280 km) );; line 76835 (wfb::highways montserrat paved (* 200 km) );; line 76837 (wfb::highways montserrat (union gravel earth ) (* 80 km) );; line 76839 (wfb::port montserrat plymouth-montserrat );; line 76843 (wfb::merchant_marine montserrat "none" );; line 76847 (wfb::airports montserrat total 1 );; line 76852 (wfb::airports montserrat |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 76854 (wfb::telephone_system montserrat "3,000 telephones" );; line 76859 (wfb::telephone_system montserrat local "NA" );; line 76861 (wfb::telephone_system montserrat intercity "NA" );; line 76863 (wfb::telephone_system montserrat international "NA" );; line 76865 (wfb::radio montserrat broadcast_stations am 8 );; line 76870 (wfb::radio montserrat broadcast_stations fm 4 );; line 76870 (wfb::radio montserrat broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 76870 (wfb::radio montserrat radios n/a );; line 76872 (wfb::television montserrat broadcast_stations 1 );; line 76877 (wfb::television montserrat televisions n/a );; line 76879 (wfb::defense_branch montserrat police_force_montserrat );; line 76885 (wfb::note montserrat "defense is the responsibility of the UK" );; line 76889 (wfb::markup-parameter figure morocco "graphno=\"mo.tif\"" );; line 76895 (wfb::location morocco "Northern Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, between Algeria and Western Sahara" );; line 76899 (wfb::map_references morocco "Africa" );; line 76904 (wfb::area morocco total_area (* 446550 sq_km) );; line 76909 (wfb::area morocco land_area (* 446300 sq_km) );; line 76911 (wfb::area morocco comparative_area "slightly larger than California" );; line 76913 (wfb::borders morocco total (* 2002 km) );; line 76917 (wfb::borders morocco algeria (* 1559 km) );; line 76917 (wfb::borders morocco western_sahara (* 443 km) );; line 76917 (wfb::coastline morocco (* 1835 km) );; line 76921 (wfb::maritime_claims morocco contiguous_zone (* 24 nm) );; line 76926 (wfb::maritime_claims morocco exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 76930 (wfb::maritime_claims morocco territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 76932 (wfb::international_disputes morocco "claims and administers Western Sahara, but sovereignty is unresolved" );; line 76936 (wfb::international_disputes morocco "the UN is attempting to hold a referendum" );; line 76936 (wfb::international_disputes morocco "the UN-administered cease-fire has been currently in effect since September 1991" );; line 76936 (wfb::international_disputes morocco "Spain controls five places of sovereignty (plazas de soberania) on and off the coast of Morocco - the coastal enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla which Morocco contests as well as the islands of Penon de Alhucemas, Penon de Velez de la Gomera, and Islas Chafarinas" );; line 76936 (wfb::climate morocco "Mediterranean, becoming more extreme in the interior" );; line 76946 (wfb::terrain morocco "northern coast and interior are mountainous with large areas of bordering plateaus, intermontane valleys, and rich coastal plains" );; line 76950 (wfb::natural-resource morocco phosphates );; line 76955 (wfb::natural-resource morocco iron_ore );; line 76955 (wfb::natural-resource morocco manganese );; line 76955 (wfb::natural-resource morocco lead );; line 76955 (wfb::natural-resource morocco zinc );; line 76955 (wfb::natural-resource morocco fish );; line 76955 (wfb::natural-resource morocco salt );; line 76955 (wfb::land_use morocco arable_land (* 18 %) );; line 76960 (wfb::land_use morocco permanent_crops (* 1 %) );; line 76962 (wfb::land_use morocco meadows_and_pastures (* 28 %) );; line 76964 (wfb::land_use morocco forest_and_woodland (* 12 %) );; line 76966 (wfb::land_use morocco other (* 41 %) );; line 76968 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land morocco date_1989 );; line 76972 (wfb::irrigated_land morocco (* 12650 sq_km) );; line 76972 (wfb::environment morocco current_issues "land degradation/desertification (soil erosion resulting from farming of marginal areas, overgrazing, destruction of vegetation)" );; line 76977 (wfb::environment morocco current_issues "water supplies contaminated by raw sewage" );; line 76977 (wfb::environment morocco current_issues "siltation of reservoirs" );; line 76977 (wfb::environment morocco current_issues "oil pollution of coastal waters" );; line 76977 (wfb::environment morocco natural_hazards "northern mountains geologically unstable and subject to earthquakes" );; line 76982 (wfb::environment morocco natural_hazards "periodic droughts" );; line 76982 (wfb::environment morocco international_agreements "party to - Endangered Species, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ship Pollution, Wetlands" );; line 76985 (wfb::environment morocco international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection" );; line 76985 (wfb::note morocco "strategic location along Strait of Gibraltar" );; line 76992 (wfb::estimation-date population morocco date_jul_1995 );; line 76998 (wfb::population morocco 29168848 );; line 76998 (wfb::age_structure morocco 0-14_years (* 38 %) );; line 77003 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex morocco 0-14_years female 5486176 );; line 77003 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex morocco 0-14_years male 5659410 );; line 77003 (wfb::age_structure morocco 15-64_years (* 58 %) );; line 77005 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex morocco 15-64_years female 8456525 );; line 77005 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex morocco 15-64_years male 8327560 );; line 77005 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure morocco 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 77007 (wfb::age_structure morocco 65_years_and_over (* 4 %) );; line 77007 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex morocco 65_years_and_over female 641236 );; line 77007 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex morocco 65_years_and_over male 597941 );; line 77007 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate morocco date_1995 );; line 77011 (wfb::population_growth_rate morocco (* 2.09 %) );; line 77011 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate morocco date_1995 );; line 77015 (wfb::birth_rate morocco (* 27.93 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 77015 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate morocco date_1995 );; line 77019 (wfb::death_rate morocco (* 5.97 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 77019 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate morocco date_1995 );; line 77023 (wfb::net_migration_rate morocco (* -1.08 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 77023 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate morocco date_1995 );; line 77027 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate morocco (* 45.8 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 77027 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth morocco total_population (* 68.98 years) );; line 77032 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth morocco male (* 67.03 years) );; line 77034 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth morocco female date_1995 );; line 77036 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth morocco female (* 71.02 years) );; line 77036 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate morocco date_1995 );; line 77040 (wfb::total_fertility_rate morocco (* 3.69 children_born/woman) );; line 77040 (wfb::nationality morocco noun "Moroccan(s)" );; line 77045 (wfb::nationality morocco adjective "Moroccan" );; line 77047 (wfb::ethnic-entity morocco arab-berber (* 99.1 %) );; line 77051 (wfb::ethnic-entity morocco jewish-ethnic-entity (* 0.2 %) );; line 77051 (wfb::religion morocco muslim (* 98.7 %) );; line 77055 (wfb::religion morocco christian (* 1.1 %) );; line 77055 (wfb::religion morocco jewish (* 0.2 %) );; line 77055 (wfb::language morocco arabic n/a );; line 77059 (wfb::comment language morocco arabic "official" );; line 77059 (wfb::language morocco berber_dialects n/a );; line 77059 (wfb::language morocco french_often_the_language_of_business n/a );; line 77059 (wfb::language morocco government-language-group n/a );; line 77059 (wfb::language morocco diplomacy n/a );; line 77059 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition morocco date_1990 );; line 77064 (wfb::literacy-condition morocco "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 77064 (wfb::literacy morocco total_population (* 50 %) );; line 77066 (wfb::literacy morocco male (* 61 %) );; line 77068 (wfb::literacy morocco female (* 38 %) );; line 77070 (wfb::total_labor_force morocco 7.4e6 );; line 77074 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force morocco by_occupation date_1985 );; line 77076 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1985 );; line 77076 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation morocco agriculture (* 50 %) );; line 77076 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation morocco services (* 26 %) );; line 77076 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation morocco industry (* 15 %) );; line 77076 (wfb::names morocco conventional_long_form "Kingdom of Morocco" );; line 77082 (wfb::names morocco conventional_short_form "Morocco" );; line 77084 (wfb::names morocco local_long_form "Al Mamlakah al Maghribiyah" );; line 77086 (wfb::names morocco local_short_form "Al Maghrib" );; line 77088 (wfb::digraph morocco "MO" );; line 77092 (wfb::type morocco "constitutional monarchy" );; line 77096 (wfb::capital morocco rabat-morocco );; line 77100 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_morocco_provinces "provinces" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_divisions morocco adm_div_morocco_provinces 36 );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_morocco_wilayas "wilayas" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_divisions morocco adm_div_morocco_wilayas 5 );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_division_of morocco adm_div_morocco_provinces "Agadir" );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_division_of morocco adm_div_morocco_provinces "Al Hoceima" );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_division_of morocco adm_div_morocco_provinces "Assa-Zag" );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_division_of morocco adm_div_morocco_provinces "Azilal" );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_division_of morocco adm_div_morocco_provinces "Beni Mellal" );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_division_of morocco adm_div_morocco_provinces "Ben Slimane" );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_division_of morocco adm_div_morocco_provinces "Boulemane" );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_division_of morocco adm_div_morocco_wilayas "Casablanca" );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_division_of morocco adm_div_morocco_provinces "Chaouen" );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_division_of morocco adm_div_morocco_provinces "El Jadida" );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_division_of morocco adm_div_morocco_provinces "El Kelaa des Sraghna" );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_division_of morocco adm_div_morocco_provinces "Er Rachidia" );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_division_of morocco adm_div_morocco_provinces "Essaouira" );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_division_of morocco adm_div_morocco_provinces "Es Smara" );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_division_of morocco adm_div_morocco_wilayas "Fes" );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_division_of morocco adm_div_morocco_provinces "Figuig" );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_division_of morocco adm_div_morocco_provinces "Guelmim" );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_division_of morocco adm_div_morocco_provinces "Ifrane" );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_division_of morocco adm_div_morocco_provinces "Kenitra" );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_division_of morocco adm_div_morocco_provinces "Khemisset" );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_division_of morocco adm_div_morocco_provinces "Khenifra" );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_division_of morocco adm_div_morocco_provinces "Khouribga" );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_division_of morocco adm_div_morocco_provinces "Laayoune" );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_division_of morocco adm_div_morocco_provinces "Larache" );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_division_of morocco adm_div_morocco_wilayas "Marrakech" );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_division_of morocco adm_div_morocco_wilayas "Meknes" );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_division_of morocco adm_div_morocco_provinces "Nador" );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_division_of morocco adm_div_morocco_provinces "Ouarzazate" );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_division_of morocco adm_div_morocco_provinces "Oujda" );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_division_of morocco adm_div_morocco_wilayas "Rabat-Sale" );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_division_of morocco adm_div_morocco_provinces "Safi" );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_division_of morocco adm_div_morocco_provinces "Settat" );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_division_of morocco adm_div_morocco_provinces "Sidi Kacem" );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_division_of morocco adm_div_morocco_provinces "Tanger" );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_division_of morocco adm_div_morocco_provinces "Tan-Tan" );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_division_of morocco adm_div_morocco_provinces "Taounate" );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_division_of morocco adm_div_morocco_provinces "Taroudannt" );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_division_of morocco adm_div_morocco_provinces "Tata" );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_division_of morocco adm_div_morocco_provinces "Taza" );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_division_of morocco adm_div_morocco_provinces "Tetouan" );; line 77104 (wfb::administrative_division_of morocco adm_div_morocco_provinces "Tiznit" );; line 77104 (wfb::independence morocco date_2_mar_1956 "France" );; line 77113 (wfb::comment national_holiday morocco "anniversary of King Hassan II's accession to the throne" );; line 77117 (wfb::national_holiday morocco "National Day" date_3_mar );; line 77117 (wfb::constitution morocco "10 March 1972, revised 4 September 1992" );; line 77122 (wfb::legal_system morocco "based on Islamic law and French and Spanish civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts in Constitutional Chamber of Supreme Court" );; line 77126 (wfb::comment suffrage morocco " universal" );; line 77131 (wfb::suffrage morocco (* 21 years_of_age) );; line 77131 (wfb::executive_branch morocco chief_of_state "King HASSAN II " date_3_mar_1961 );; line 77136 (wfb::executive_branch morocco head_of_government "Prime Minister Abdellatif FILALI " date_29_may_1994 );; line 77138 (wfb::comment executive_branch morocco cabinet "appointed by the King" );; line 77140 (wfb::executive_branch morocco cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 77140 (wfb::legislative_structure morocco unicameral n/a );; line 77144 (wfb::legislative_branch morocco "Chamber of Representatives (Majlis Nawab)" "two-thirds elected by direct, universal suffrage and one-third by an electoral college of government, professional, and labor representatives; direct, popular elections last held 15 June 1993 (next to be held NA 1999); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats (333 total, 222 directly elected) USFP 48, IP 43, MP 33, RNI 28, UC 27, PND 14, MNP 14, PPS 6, PDI 3, SAP 2, PA 2, OADP 2; indirect, special interest elections last held 17 September 1993 (next to be held NA 1999); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (333 total, 111 indirectly elected) UC 27, MP 18, RNI 13, MNP 11, PND 10, IP 7, Party of Shura and Istiqlal 6, USFP 4, PPS 4, CDT 4, UTM 3, UGTM 2, SAP 2" );; line 77146 (wfb::judicial_branch morocco "Supreme Court" );; line 77159 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders morocco opposition "Socialist Union of Popular Forces (USFP), Mohammad al-YAZGHI; Istiqlal Party (IP), M'Hamed BOUCETTA; Party of Progress and Socialism (PPS), Ali YATA; Organization of Democratic and Popular Action (OADP), leader NA" );; line 77164 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders morocco pro-government "Constitutional Union (UC), Maati BOUABID; Popular Movement (MP), Mohamed LAENSER; National Democratic Party (PND), Mohamed Arsalane EL-JADIDI; National Popular Movement (MNP), Mahjoubi AHARDANE" );; line 77168 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders morocco independents "National Rally of Independents (RNI), Ahmed OSMAN; Democracy and Istiqlal Party (PDI), leader NA; Action Party (PA), Abdullah SENHAJI; Non-Obedience Candidates (SAP), leader NA" );; line 77172 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders morocco |labor unions and community organizations (indirect elections) only)| "Democratic Confederation of Labor (CDT), Nabir AMAOUI; General Union of Moroccan Workers (UGTM), Abderrazzak AFILAL; Moroccan Union of Workers (UTM), leader NA; Party of Shura and Istiqlal, leader NA" );; line 77177 (wfb::member_of morocco abeda );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco acct );; line 77183 (wfb::comment member_of morocco acct "associate" );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco afdb );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco afesd );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco al );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco amf );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco amu );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco ccc );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco ebrd );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco eca );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco fao );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco g-77 );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco gatt );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco iaea );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco ibrd );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco icao );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco icc );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco icftu );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco icrm );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco ida );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco idb );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco ifad );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco ifc );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco ifrcs );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco ilo );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco imf );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco imo );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco intelsat );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco interpol );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco ioc );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco iom );; line 77183 (wfb::comment member_of morocco iom "observer" );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco iso );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco itu );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco nam );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco oas );; line 77183 (wfb::comment member_of morocco oas "observer" );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco oic );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco un );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco unavem_ii );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco unctad );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco unesco );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco unhcr );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco unido );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco upu );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco who );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco wipo );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco wmo );; line 77183 (wfb::member_of morocco wto );; line 77183 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us morocco chief_of_mission "Ambassador Mohamed BENAISSA" );; line 77192 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us morocco chancery "1601 21st Street NW, Washington, DC 20009" );; line 77194 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us morocco telephone "[1] (202) 462-7979 through 7982" );; line 77196 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us morocco fax "[1] (202) 265-0161" );; line 77198 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us morocco |consulate(s) general| "New York" );; line 77200 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation morocco chief_of_mission "Ambassador Marc C. GINSBERG" );; line 77205 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation morocco embassy "2 Avenue de Marrakech, Rabat" );; line 77207 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation morocco mailing_address "PSC 74, Box 003, APO AE 09718" );; line 77209 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation morocco telephone "[212] (7) 76 22 65" );; line 77211 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation morocco fax "[212] (7) 76 56 61" );; line 77213 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation morocco |consulate(s) general| "Casablanca" );; line 77215 (wfb::flag morocco "red with a green pentacle (five-pointed, linear star) known as Solomon's seal in the center of the flag; green is the traditional color of Islam" );; line 77219 (wfb::overview morocco "Morocco faces the typical problems of developing countries - restraining government spending, reducing constraints on private activity and foreign trade, and keeping inflation within bounds. Since the early 1980s the government has pursued an economic program toward these objectives with the support of the IMF, the World Bank, and the Paris Club of creditors. The economy has substantial assets to draw on: the world's largest phosphate reserves, diverse agricultural and fishing resources, a sizable tourist industry, a growing manufacturing sector, and remittances from Moroccans working abroad. A severe drought in 1992-93 depressed economic activity and held down exports. Real GDP contracted by 4.4% in 1992 and 1.1% in 1993. Despite these setbacks, initiatives to relax capital controls, strengthen the banking sector, and privatize state enterprises went forward in 1993-94. Favorable rainfall in 1994 boosted agricultural production by 40%. Servicing the large debt, high unemployment, and vulnerability to external economic forces remain long-term problems for Morocco." );; line 77226 (wfb::estimation-date national_product morocco date_1994 );; line 77244 (wfb::national_product morocco (* 87.5e9 $) );; line 77244 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate morocco date_1994 );; line 77248 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate morocco (* 8 %) );; line 77248 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita morocco date_1994 );; line 77252 (wfb::national_product_per_capita morocco (* 3060 $) );; line 77252 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| morocco "5.4% (1994)" );; line 77256 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate morocco date_1994 );; line 77260 (wfb::unemployment_rate morocco (* 16 %) );; line 77260 (wfb::budget morocco revenues (* 8.1e9 $) );; line 77265 (wfb::estimation-date budget morocco date_1994 );; line 77267 (wfb::estimation-date budget morocco expenditures date_1994 );; line 77267 (wfb::budget morocco expenditures (* 8.9e9 $) );; line 77267 (wfb::exports morocco (* 4.1e9 $) );; line 77271 (wfb::exports morocco commodities food_and_beverages (* 30 %) );; line 77273 (wfb::exports morocco commodities semiprocessed_goods (* 23 %) );; line 77273 (wfb::exports morocco commodities consumer_goods (* 21 %) );; line 77273 (wfb::exports morocco commodities phosphates-commodity (* 17 %) );; line 77273 (wfb::measurement-date exports morocco date_1993 );; line 77276 (wfb::exports morocco partners eu (* 70 %) );; line 77276 (wfb::exports morocco partners japan (* 5 %) );; line 77276 (wfb::exports morocco partners us (* 4 %) );; line 77276 (wfb::exports morocco partners libya (* 3 %) );; line 77276 (wfb::exports morocco partners india (* 2 %) );; line 77276 (wfb::imports morocco (* 7.5e9 $) );; line 77280 (wfb::imports morocco commodities capital_goods (* 24 %) );; line 77282 (wfb::imports morocco commodities semiprocessed_goods (* 22 %) );; line 77282 (wfb::imports morocco commodities raw_materials (* 16 %) );; line 77282 (wfb::imports morocco commodities fuel_and_lubricants (* 16 %) );; line 77282 (wfb::imports morocco commodities food_and_beverages (* 13 %) );; line 77282 (wfb::imports morocco commodities consumer_goods (* 9 %) );; line 77282 (wfb::measurement-date imports morocco date_1993 );; line 77285 (wfb::imports morocco partners ec (* 59 %) );; line 77285 (wfb::imports morocco partners us (* 8 %) );; line 77285 (wfb::imports morocco partners saudi_arabia (* 5 %) );; line 77285 (wfb::imports morocco partners uae (* 3 %) );; line 77285 (wfb::imports morocco partners russia (* 2 %) );; line 77285 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt morocco date_1994 );; line 77289 (wfb::external_debt morocco (* 20.5e9 $) );; line 77289 (wfb::electricity morocco capacity (* 2620000 kw) );; line 77298 (wfb::electricity morocco production (* 9.9e9 kwh) );; line 77300 (wfb::measurement-date electricity morocco consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 77302 (wfb::electricity morocco consumption_per_capita (* 361 kwh) );; line 77302 (wfb::industry morocco phosphate_rock_mining_and_processing );; line 77306 (wfb::industry morocco food_processing );; line 77306 (wfb::industry morocco leather_goods );; line 77306 (wfb::industry morocco textiles );; line 77306 (wfb::industry morocco construction-industry );; line 77306 (wfb::industry morocco tourism );; line 77306 (wfb::agriculture morocco "accounts for 15% of GDP, 50% of employment, and 30% of export value; not self-sufficient in food; cereal farming and livestock raising predominate; barley, wheat, citrus fruit, wine, vegetables, olives" );; line 77311 (wfb::illicit_drugs morocco "illicit producer of hashish; trafficking on the increase for both domestic and international drug markets; shipments of hashish mostly directed to Western Europe; transit point for cocaine from South America destined for Western Europe" );; line 77317 (wfb::economic_aid morocco recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $1.3 billion; US commitments, including Ex-Im (1992), $123.6 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $7.5 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $4.8 billion; Communist countries (1970-89), $2.5 billion" );; line 77325 (wfb::comment economic_aid morocco "$2.8 billion debt canceled by Saudi Arabia (1991); IMF standby agreement worth $13 million; World Bank, $450 million (1991)" );; line 77330 (wfb::abbreviation moroccan_dirham "DH" );; line 77335 (wfb::currency morocco moroccan_dirham 100 centimes );; line 77335 (wfb::exchange_rates morocco "Moroccan dirhams (DH) per US$1 - 2.892 (January 1995), 9.203 (1994), 9.299 (1993), 8.538 (1992), 8.707 (1991), 8.242 (1990)" );; line 77339 (wfb::fiscal_year morocco date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 77344 (wfb::railroads morocco total "1,893 km" );; line 77350 (wfb::railroads morocco standard_gauge "1,893 km 1.435-m gauge (974 km electrified; 246 km double track)" );; line 77352 (wfb::highways morocco total (* 59474 km) );; line 77357 (wfb::highways morocco paved (* 29440 km) );; line 77359 (wfb::highways morocco (union gravel crushed_stone improved_earth unimproved_earth ) (* 30034 km) );; line 77361 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 362 km) );; line 77366 (wfb::pipelines |petroleum products (abandoned)| (* 491 km) );; line 77366 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 241 km) );; line 77366 (wfb::port morocco agadir-morocco );; line 77371 (wfb::port morocco al_jadida-morocco );; line 77371 (wfb::port morocco casablanca-morocco );; line 77371 (wfb::port morocco el_jorf_lasfar-morocco );; line 77371 (wfb::port morocco kenitra-morocco );; line 77371 (wfb::port morocco mohammedia-morocco );; line 77371 (wfb::port morocco nador-morocco );; line 77371 (wfb::port morocco rabat-morocco );; line 77371 (wfb::port morocco safi-morocco );; line 77371 (wfb::port morocco tangier-morocco );; line 77371 (wfb::merchant_marine morocco total "38 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 183,951 GRT/273,057 DWT" );; line 77377 (wfb::merchant_marine morocco ships_by_type "cargo 6, chemical tanker 9, container 2, oil tanker 4, refrigerated cargo 10, roll-on/roll-off cargo 6, short-sea passenger 1" );; line 77379 (wfb::airports morocco total 74 );; line 77385 (wfb::airports morocco |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 11 );; line 77387 (wfb::airports morocco |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 4 );; line 77389 (wfb::airports morocco |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 8 );; line 77391 (wfb::airports morocco |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 3 );; line 77393 (wfb::airports morocco with_paved_runways_under_914_m 13 );; line 77395 (wfb::airports morocco |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 77397 (wfb::airports morocco |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 10 );; line 77399 (wfb::airports morocco |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 24 );; line 77401 (wfb::telephone_system morocco "280,000 telephones; 10.5 telephones/1,000 persons" );; line 77406 (wfb::telephone_system morocco local "NA" );; line 77408 (wfb::telephone_system morocco intercity "good system composed of wire lines, cables, and microwave radio relay links; principal centers are Casablanca and Rabat; secondary centers are Fes, Marrakech, Oujda, Tangier, and Tetouan" );; line 77410 (wfb::telephone_system morocco international "5 submarine cables; 2 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) and 1 ARABSAT earth station; microwave radio relay to Gibraltar, Spain, and Western Sahara; coaxial cable and microwave radio relay to Algeria; microwave radio relay network linking Syria, Jordan, Egypt, Libya, Tunisia, Algeria, and Morocco" );; line 77414 (wfb::radio morocco broadcast_stations am 20 );; line 77423 (wfb::radio morocco broadcast_stations fm 7 );; line 77423 (wfb::radio morocco broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 77423 (wfb::radio morocco radios n/a );; line 77425 (wfb::comment television morocco broadcast_stations "repeaters 26" );; line 77430 (wfb::television morocco broadcast_stations 26 );; line 77430 (wfb::television morocco televisions n/a );; line 77432 (wfb::defense_branch morocco royal_moroccan_army_morocco );; line 77438 (wfb::defense_branch morocco royal_moroccan_navy_morocco );; line 77438 (wfb::defense_branch morocco royal_moroccan_air_force_morocco );; line 77438 (wfb::defense_branch morocco royal_gendarmerie_morocco );; line 77438 (wfb::defense_branch morocco auxiliary_forces_morocco );; line 77438 (wfb::manpower_availability morocco "males age 15-49 7,307,076; males fit for military service 4,637,453; males reach military age (18) annually 323,921 (1995 est.)" );; line 77443 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures morocco date_1994 );; line 77448 (wfb::defense_expenditures morocco (* 1.3e9 $) );; line 77448 (wfb::defense_expenditures morocco (* 3.8 %_of_gdp) );; line 77448 (wfb::markup-parameter figure mozambique "graphno=\"mz.tif\"" );; line 77454 (wfb::location mozambique "Southern Africa, bordering the Mozambique Channel, between South Africa and Tanzania" );; line 77458 (wfb::map_references mozambique "Africa" );; line 77463 (wfb::area mozambique total_area (* 801590 sq_km) );; line 77468 (wfb::area mozambique land_area (* 784090 sq_km) );; line 77470 (wfb::area mozambique comparative_area "slightly less than twice the size of California" );; line 77472 (wfb::borders mozambique total (* 4571 km) );; line 77476 (wfb::borders mozambique malawi (* 1569 km) );; line 77476 (wfb::borders mozambique south_africa (* 491 km) );; line 77476 (wfb::borders mozambique swaziland (* 105 km) );; line 77476 (wfb::borders mozambique tanzania (* 756 km) );; line 77476 (wfb::borders mozambique zambia (* 419 km) );; line 77476 (wfb::borders mozambique zimbabwe (* 1231 km) );; line 77476 (wfb::coastline mozambique (* 2470 km) );; line 77481 (wfb::maritime_claims mozambique exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 77486 (wfb::maritime_claims mozambique territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 77488 (wfb::international_disputes mozambique "none" );; line 77492 (wfb::climate mozambique "tropical to subtropical" );; line 77496 (wfb::terrain mozambique "mostly coastal lowlands, uplands in center, high plateaus in northwest, mountains in west" );; line 77500 (wfb::natural-resource mozambique coal );; line 77505 (wfb::natural-resource mozambique titanium );; line 77505 (wfb::land_use mozambique arable_land (* 4 %) );; line 77510 (wfb::land_use mozambique permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 77512 (wfb::land_use mozambique meadows_and_pastures (* 56 %) );; line 77514 (wfb::land_use mozambique forest_and_woodland (* 20 %) );; line 77516 (wfb::land_use mozambique other (* 20 %) );; line 77518 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land mozambique date_1989 );; line 77522 (wfb::irrigated_land mozambique (* 1150 sq_km) );; line 77522 (wfb::environment mozambique current_issues "civil strife and recurrent drought in the hinterlands have resulted in increased migration to urban and coastal areas with adverse environmental consequences" );; line 77527 (wfb::environment mozambique current_issues "desertification" );; line 77527 (wfb::environment mozambique current_issues "pollution of surface and coastal waters" );; line 77527 (wfb::environment mozambique natural_hazards "severe droughts and floods occur in central and southern provinces" );; line 77531 (wfb::environment mozambique natural_hazards "devastating cyclones" );; line 77531 (wfb::environment mozambique international_agreements "party to - Endangered Species, Ozone Layer Protection" );; line 77534 (wfb::environment mozambique international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Law of the Sea" );; line 77534 (wfb::estimation-date population mozambique date_jul_1995 );; line 77541 (wfb::population mozambique 18115250 );; line 77541 (wfb::age_structure mozambique 0-14_years (* 45 %) );; line 77546 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex mozambique 0-14_years female 4069117 );; line 77546 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex mozambique 0-14_years male 4078429 );; line 77546 (wfb::age_structure mozambique 15-64_years (* 53 %) );; line 77548 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex mozambique 15-64_years female 4882292 );; line 77548 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex mozambique 15-64_years male 4630193 );; line 77548 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure mozambique 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 77550 (wfb::age_structure mozambique 65_years_and_over (* 2 %) );; line 77550 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex mozambique 65_years_and_over female 260057 );; line 77550 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex mozambique 65_years_and_over male 195162 );; line 77550 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate mozambique date_1995 );; line 77554 (wfb::population_growth_rate mozambique (* 2.87 %) );; line 77554 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate mozambique date_1995 );; line 77558 (wfb::birth_rate mozambique (* 44.6 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 77558 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate mozambique date_1995 );; line 77562 (wfb::death_rate mozambique (* 15.94 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 77562 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate mozambique date_1995 );; line 77566 (wfb::net_migration_rate mozambique (* n/a |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 77566 (wfb::comment net_migration_rate mozambique "by the end of 1994, an estimated 1.6 million Mozambican refugees, who fled to Malawi, Zimbabwa, and South Africa in earlier years from the civil war, had returned; an estimated 100,000 refugees remain to be repatriated from those countries" );; line 77568 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate mozambique date_1995 );; line 77575 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate mozambique (* 126 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 77575 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth mozambique total_population (* 48.95 years) );; line 77580 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth mozambique male (* 47.04 years) );; line 77582 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth mozambique female date_1995 );; line 77584 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth mozambique female (* 50.92 years) );; line 77584 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate mozambique date_1995 );; line 77588 (wfb::total_fertility_rate mozambique (* 6.19 children_born/woman) );; line 77588 (wfb::nationality mozambique noun "Mozambican(s)" );; line 77593 (wfb::nationality mozambique adjective "Mozambican" );; line 77595 (wfb::ethnic-entity mozambique indigenous_tribal_groups n/a );; line 77599 (wfb::ethnic-entity mozambique |Europeans about 10,000| n/a );; line 77599 (wfb::ethnic-entity mozambique |Euro-Africans 35,000| n/a );; line 77599 (wfb::ethnic-entity mozambique |Indians 15,000| n/a );; line 77599 (wfb::religion mozambique indigenous_beliefs (* 60 %) );; line 77604 (wfb::religion mozambique christian (* 30 %) );; line 77604 (wfb::religion mozambique muslim (* 10 %) );; line 77604 (wfb::language mozambique portuguese n/a );; line 77608 (wfb::comment language mozambique portuguese "official" );; line 77608 (wfb::language mozambique indigenous_dialects n/a );; line 77608 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition mozambique date_1990 );; line 77612 (wfb::literacy-condition mozambique "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 77612 (wfb::literacy mozambique total_population (* 33 %) );; line 77614 (wfb::literacy mozambique male (* 45 %) );; line 77616 (wfb::literacy mozambique female (* 21 %) );; line 77618 (wfb::total_labor_force mozambique n/a );; line 77622 (wfb::names mozambique conventional_long_form "Republic of Mozambique" );; line 77630 (wfb::names mozambique conventional_short_form "Mozambique" );; line 77632 (wfb::names mozambique local_long_form "Republica Popular de Mocambique" );; line 77634 (wfb::names mozambique local_short_form "Mocambique" );; line 77636 (wfb::digraph mozambique "MZ" );; line 77640 (wfb::type mozambique "republic" );; line 77644 (wfb::capital mozambique maputo-mozambique );; line 77648 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_mozambique_provinces "provinces" "provincias" "provincia" );; line 77652 (wfb::administrative_divisions mozambique adm_div_mozambique_provinces 10 );; line 77652 (wfb::administrative_division_of mozambique adm_div_mozambique_provinces "Cabo Delgado" );; line 77652 (wfb::administrative_division_of mozambique adm_div_mozambique_provinces "Gaza" );; line 77652 (wfb::administrative_division_of mozambique adm_div_mozambique_provinces "Inhambane" );; line 77652 (wfb::administrative_division_of mozambique adm_div_mozambique_provinces "Manica" );; line 77652 (wfb::administrative_division_of mozambique adm_div_mozambique_provinces "Maputo" );; line 77652 (wfb::administrative_division_of mozambique adm_div_mozambique_provinces "Nampula" );; line 77652 (wfb::administrative_division_of mozambique adm_div_mozambique_provinces "Niassa" );; line 77652 (wfb::administrative_division_of mozambique adm_div_mozambique_provinces "Sofala" );; line 77652 (wfb::administrative_division_of mozambique adm_div_mozambique_provinces "Tete" );; line 77652 (wfb::administrative_division_of mozambique adm_div_mozambique_provinces "Zambezia" );; line 77652 (wfb::independence mozambique date_25_jun_1975 "Portugal" );; line 77657 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1975 );; line 77661 (wfb::comment national_holiday mozambique "1975" );; line 77661 (wfb::national_holiday mozambique "Independence Day" date_25_jun );; line 77661 (wfb::constitution mozambique "30 November 1990" );; line 77665 (wfb::legal_system mozambique "based on Portuguese civil law system and customary law" );; line 77669 (wfb::comment suffrage mozambique " universal" );; line 77673 (wfb::suffrage mozambique (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 77673 (wfb::executive_branch mozambique chief_of_state "President Joaquim Alberto CHISSANO " date_6_nov_1986 );; line 77678 (wfb::executive_branch mozambique head_of_government "Prime Minister Pascoal MOCUMBI " date_dec_1994 );; line 77680 (wfb::executive_branch mozambique cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 77682 (wfb::legislative_structure mozambique unicameral n/a );; line 77686 (wfb::legislative_branch mozambique "Assembly of the Republic (Assembleia da Republica)" "draft electoral law provides for periodic, direct presidential and Assembly elections" );; line 77688 (wfb::comment legislative_branch mozambique "as called for in the 1992 peace accords, presidential and legislative elections took place during 27-29 October 1994; fourteen parties, including the Mozambique National Resistance (RENAMO) participated; Joaquim Alberto CHISSANO was elected president and his FRELIMO party gathered a slim majority in the 250 seat legislature" );; line 77691 (wfb::judicial_branch mozambique "Supreme Court" );; line 77699 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders mozambique "Front for the Liberation of Mozambique (FRELIMO), Joaquim Alberto CHISSANO, chairman; the ruling party since independence, FRELIMO was the only legal party before 30 November 1990 when the new Constitution went into effect establishing a multiparty system" );; line 77703 (wfb::member_of mozambique acp );; line 77710 (wfb::member_of mozambique afdb );; line 77710 (wfb::member_of mozambique ccc );; line 77710 (wfb::member_of mozambique eca );; line 77710 (wfb::member_of mozambique fao );; line 77710 (wfb::member_of mozambique fls );; line 77710 (wfb::member_of mozambique g-77 );; line 77710 (wfb::member_of mozambique gatt );; line 77710 (wfb::member_of mozambique ibrd );; line 77710 (wfb::member_of mozambique icao );; line 77710 (wfb::member_of mozambique icrm );; line 77710 (wfb::member_of mozambique ida );; line 77710 (wfb::member_of mozambique ifad );; line 77710 (wfb::member_of mozambique ifc );; line 77710 (wfb::member_of mozambique ifrcs );; line 77710 (wfb::member_of mozambique ilo );; line 77710 (wfb::member_of mozambique imf );; line 77710 (wfb::member_of mozambique imo );; line 77710 (wfb::member_of mozambique inmarsat );; line 77710 (wfb::member_of mozambique intelsat );; line 77710 (wfb::member_of mozambique interpol );; line 77710 (wfb::member_of mozambique ioc );; line 77710 (wfb::member_of mozambique iom );; line 77710 (wfb::comment member_of mozambique iom "observer" );; line 77710 (wfb::member_of mozambique itu );; line 77710 (wfb::member_of mozambique nam );; line 77710 (wfb::member_of mozambique oau );; line 77710 (wfb::member_of mozambique oic );; line 77710 (wfb::member_of mozambique sadc );; line 77710 (wfb::member_of mozambique un );; line 77710 (wfb::member_of mozambique unctad );; line 77710 (wfb::member_of mozambique unesco );; line 77710 (wfb::member_of mozambique unido );; line 77710 (wfb::member_of mozambique upu );; line 77710 (wfb::member_of mozambique wftu );; line 77710 (wfb::member_of mozambique who );; line 77710 (wfb::member_of mozambique wmo );; line 77710 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us mozambique chief_of_mission "Ambassador Hipolito Pereira Zozimo PATRICIO" );; line 77718 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us mozambique chancery "Suite 570, 1990 M Street NW, Washington, DC 20036" );; line 77720 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us mozambique telephone "[1] (202) 293-7146" );; line 77722 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us mozambique fax "[1] (202) 835-0245" );; line 77724 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation mozambique chief_of_mission "Ambassador Dennis Coleman JETT" );; line 77729 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation mozambique embassy "Avenida Kenneth Kuanda, 193 Maputo" );; line 77731 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation mozambique mailing_address "P. O. Box 783, Maputo" );; line 77733 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation mozambique telephone "[258] (1) 492797" );; line 77735 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation mozambique fax "[258] (1) 490114" );; line 77737 (wfb::flag mozambique "three equal horizontal bands of green (top), black, and yellow with a red isosceles triangle based on the hoist side; the black band is edged in white; centered in the triangle is a yellow five-pointed star bearing a crossed rifle and hoe in black superimposed on an open white book" );; line 77741 (wfb::overview mozambique "One of Africa's poorest countries, Mozambique has failed to exploit the economic potential of its sizable agricultural, hydropower, and transportation resources. Indeed, national output, consumption, and investment declined throughout the first half of the 1980s because of internal disorders, lack of government administrative control, and a growing foreign debt. A sharp increase in foreign aid, attracted by an economic reform policy, resulted in successive years of economic growth in the late 1980s, but aid has declined steadily since 1989. Agricultural output is at only 75% of its 1981 level, and grain has to be imported. Industry operates at only 20%-40% of capacity. The economy depends heavily on foreign assistance to keep afloat. Peace accords signed in October 1992 improved chances of foreign investment, aided IMF-supported economic reforms, and supported continued economic recovery. Elections held in 1994 diverted government attention from the economy, resulting in slippage and delays in the economic reform program. Nonetheless, growth in 1994 was solid and can continue into the late 1990s given continued foreign help in meeting debt obligations." );; line 77749 (wfb::estimation-date national_product mozambique date_1994 );; line 77768 (wfb::national_product mozambique (* 10.6e9 $) );; line 77768 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate mozambique date_1994 );; line 77772 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate mozambique (* 5.8 %) );; line 77772 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita mozambique date_1994 );; line 77776 (wfb::national_product_per_capita mozambique (* 610 $) );; line 77776 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| mozambique "50% (1994 est.)" );; line 77780 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate mozambique date_1989 );; line 77784 (wfb::unemployment_rate mozambique (* 50 %) );; line 77784 (wfb::budget mozambique revenues (* 252e6 $) );; line 77789 (wfb::estimation-date budget mozambique date_1992 );; line 77791 (wfb::budget mozambique expenditures (* 607e6 $) );; line 77791 (wfb::budget mozambique capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 77791 (wfb::exports mozambique (* 150e6 $) );; line 77795 (wfb::exports mozambique commodities shrimp (* 40 %) );; line 77797 (wfb::exports mozambique commodities cashews n/a );; line 77797 (wfb::exports mozambique commodities cotton n/a );; line 77797 (wfb::exports mozambique commodities sugar-commodity n/a );; line 77797 (wfb::exports mozambique commodities copra n/a );; line 77797 (wfb::exports mozambique commodities citrus n/a );; line 77797 (wfb::exports mozambique partners spain n/a );; line 77799 (wfb::exports mozambique partners south_africa n/a );; line 77799 (wfb::exports mozambique partners us n/a );; line 77799 (wfb::exports mozambique partners portugal n/a );; line 77799 (wfb::exports mozambique partners japan n/a );; line 77799 (wfb::imports mozambique (* 1.14e9 $) );; line 77803 (wfb::imports mozambique commodities food n/a );; line 77805 (wfb::imports mozambique commodities clothing-commodity n/a );; line 77805 (wfb::imports mozambique commodities farm_equipment n/a );; line 77805 (wfb::imports mozambique commodities petroleum-commodity n/a );; line 77805 (wfb::imports mozambique partners south_africa n/a );; line 77807 (wfb::imports mozambique partners uk n/a );; line 77807 (wfb::imports mozambique partners france n/a );; line 77807 (wfb::imports mozambique partners japan n/a );; line 77807 (wfb::imports mozambique partners portugal n/a );; line 77807 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt mozambique date_1992 );; line 77811 (wfb::external_debt mozambique (* 5e9 $) );; line 77811 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1989 );; line 77815 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production mozambique date_1989 );; line 77815 (wfb::industrial_production mozambique growth_rate (* 5 %) );; line 77815 (wfb::electricity mozambique capacity (* 2360000 kw) );; line 77820 (wfb::electricity mozambique production (* 1.7e9 kwh) );; line 77822 (wfb::measurement-date electricity mozambique consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 77824 (wfb::electricity mozambique consumption_per_capita (* 58 kwh) );; line 77824 (wfb::industry mozambique food-industry );; line 77828 (wfb::industry mozambique beverages-industry );; line 77828 (wfb::industry mozambique |chemicals (fertilizer, soap, paints)| );; line 77828 (wfb::industry mozambique petroleum_products-industry );; line 77828 (wfb::industry mozambique textiles );; line 77828 (wfb::industry mozambique |nonmetallic mineral products (cement, glass, asbestos)| );; line 77828 (wfb::industry mozambique tobacco-industry );; line 77828 (wfb::agriculture mozambique "accounts for 50% of GDP and about 90% of exports; cash crops - cotton, cashew nuts, sugarcane, tea, shrimp; other crops - cassava, corn, rice, tropical fruits; not self-sufficient in food" );; line 77834 (wfb::economic_aid mozambique recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $350 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $4.4 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $37 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $890 million" );; line 77841 (wfb::abbreviation metical "Mt" );; line 77848 (wfb::currency mozambique metical 100 centavos );; line 77848 (wfb::exchange_rates mozambique "meticais (Mt) per US$1 - 5,220.63 (1st quarter 1994), 3,874.24 (1993), 2,550.40 (1992), 1,763.99 (1991), 1,053.09 (1990)" );; line 77852 (wfb::fiscal_year mozambique date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 77857 (wfb::railroads mozambique total "3,288 km" );; line 77863 (wfb::railroads mozambique narrow_gauge "3,140 km 1.067-m gauge; 148 km 0.762-m gauge" );; line 77865 (wfb::highways mozambique total (* 26498 km) );; line 77870 (wfb::highways mozambique paved (* 4593 km) );; line 77872 (wfb::highways mozambique (union gravel crushed_stone stabilized_earth ) (* 829 km) );; line 77874 (wfb::highways mozambique unimproved_earth (* 21076 km) );; line 77874 (wfb::inland_waterways mozambique "about 3,750 km of navigable routes" );; line 77879 (wfb::pipelines |crude oil (not operating)| (* 306 km) );; line 77883 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 289 km) );; line 77883 (wfb::port mozambique beira-mozambique );; line 77887 (wfb::port mozambique inhambane-mozambique );; line 77887 (wfb::port mozambique maputo-mozambique );; line 77887 (wfb::port mozambique nacala-mozambique );; line 77887 (wfb::port mozambique pemba-mozambique );; line 77887 (wfb::merchant_marine mozambique total "3 cargo ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 4,533 GRT/8,024 DWT" );; line 77892 (wfb::airports mozambique total 192 );; line 77897 (wfb::airports mozambique |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 77899 (wfb::airports mozambique |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 4 );; line 77901 (wfb::airports mozambique |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 11 );; line 77903 (wfb::airports mozambique |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 5 );; line 77905 (wfb::airports mozambique with_paved_runways_under_914_m 112 );; line 77907 (wfb::airports mozambique |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 15 );; line 77909 (wfb::airports mozambique |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 44 );; line 77911 (wfb::comment note mozambique "highway traffic impeded by land mines not removed at end of civil war" );; line 77916 (wfb::telephone_system mozambique "NA telephone density; fair system of troposcatter, open-wire lines, and radio relay" );; line 77922 (wfb::telephone_system mozambique local "NA" );; line 77925 (wfb::telephone_system mozambique intercity "microwave radio relay and tropospheric scatter" );; line 77927 (wfb::telephone_system mozambique international "5 INTELSAT (2 Atlantic Ocean and 3 Indian Ocean) earth stations" );; line 77929 (wfb::radio mozambique broadcast_stations am 29 );; line 77934 (wfb::radio mozambique broadcast_stations fm 4 );; line 77934 (wfb::radio mozambique broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 77934 (wfb::radio mozambique radios n/a );; line 77936 (wfb::television mozambique broadcast_stations 1 );; line 77941 (wfb::television mozambique televisions n/a );; line 77943 (wfb::defense_branch mozambique army_mozambique );; line 77949 (wfb::defense_branch mozambique naval_command_mozambique );; line 77949 (wfb::defense_branch mozambique air_and_air_defense_forces_mozambique );; line 77949 (wfb::defense_branch mozambique militia_mozambique );; line 77949 (wfb::defense_branch mozambique note_-_by_late_1994_mozambique );; line 77949 (wfb::defense_branch mozambique the_army_and_former_renamo_rebels_had_demobilized_mozambique );; line 77949 (wfb::defense_branch mozambique under_un_supervision_and_training_mozambique );; line 77949 (wfb::manpower_availability mozambique "males age 15-49 4,061,109; males fit for military service 2,331,793 (1995 est.)" );; line 77956 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures mozambique date_1993 );; line 77961 (wfb::defense_expenditures mozambique (* 110e6 $) );; line 77961 (wfb::defense_expenditures mozambique (* 7.3 %_of_gdp) );; line 77961 (wfb::markup-parameter figure namibia "graphno=\"wa.tif\"" );; line 77968 (wfb::location namibia "Southern Africa, bordering the South Atlantic Ocean, between Angola and South Africa" );; line 77972 (wfb::map_references namibia "Africa" );; line 77977 (wfb::area namibia total_area (* 825418 sq_km) );; line 77982 (wfb::area namibia land_area (* 825418 sq_km) );; line 77984 (wfb::area namibia comparative_area "slightly more than half the size of Alaska" );; line 77986 (wfb::borders namibia total (* 3824 km) );; line 77990 (wfb::borders namibia angola (* 1376 km) );; line 77990 (wfb::borders namibia botswana (* 1360 km) );; line 77990 (wfb::borders namibia south_africa (* 855 km) );; line 77990 (wfb::borders namibia zambia (* 233 km) );; line 77990 (wfb::coastline namibia (* 1572 km) );; line 77995 (wfb::maritime_claims namibia contiguous_zone (* 24 nm) );; line 78000 (wfb::maritime_claims namibia exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 78002 (wfb::maritime_claims namibia territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 78004 (wfb::international_disputes namibia "short section of boundary with Botswana is indefinite" );; line 78008 (wfb::international_disputes namibia "quadripoint with Botswana, Zambia, and Zimbabwe is in disagreement" );; line 78008 (wfb::international_disputes namibia "dispute with Botswana over uninhabited Kasikili ( Sidudu) Island in Linyanti (Chobe) River remained unresolved in mid-February 1995 and the parties agreed to refer the matter to the International Court of Justice;" );; line 78008 (wfb::climate namibia "desert" );; line 78016 (wfb::climate namibia "hot, dry" );; line 78016 (wfb::climate namibia "rainfall sparse and erratic" );; line 78016 (wfb::terrain namibia "mostly high plateau" );; line 78020 (wfb::terrain namibia "Namib Desert along coast" );; line 78020 (wfb::terrain namibia "Kalahari Desert in east" );; line 78020 (wfb::natural-resource namibia diamonds );; line 78025 (wfb::natural-resource namibia copper );; line 78025 (wfb::natural-resource namibia uranium );; line 78025 (wfb::natural-resource namibia gold );; line 78025 (wfb::natural-resource namibia lead );; line 78025 (wfb::natural-resource namibia tin );; line 78025 (wfb::natural-resource namibia lithium );; line 78025 (wfb::natural-resource namibia cadmium );; line 78025 (wfb::natural-resource namibia zinc );; line 78025 (wfb::natural-resource namibia salt );; line 78025 (wfb::natural-resource namibia vanadium );; line 78025 (wfb::natural-resource namibia natural_gas );; line 78025 (wfb::natural-resource namibia fish );; line 78025 (wfb::natural-resource namibia suspected_deposits_of_oil );; line 78025 (wfb::natural-resource namibia natural_gas );; line 78025 (wfb::natural-resource namibia coal );; line 78025 (wfb::natural-resource namibia iron_ore );; line 78025 (wfb::land_use namibia arable_land (* 1 %) );; line 78032 (wfb::land_use namibia permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 78034 (wfb::land_use namibia meadows_and_pastures (* 64 %) );; line 78036 (wfb::land_use namibia forest_and_woodland (* 22 %) );; line 78038 (wfb::land_use namibia other (* 13 %) );; line 78040 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land namibia date_1989 );; line 78044 (wfb::irrigated_land namibia (* 40 sq_km) );; line 78044 (wfb::environment namibia current_issues "very limited natural fresh water resources" );; line 78049 (wfb::environment namibia current_issues "desertification" );; line 78049 (wfb::environment namibia natural_hazards "prolonged periods of drought" );; line 78051 (wfb::environment namibia international_agreements "party to - Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection" );; line 78053 (wfb::environment namibia international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Climate Change" );; line 78053 (wfb::estimation-date population namibia date_jul_1995 );; line 78060 (wfb::population namibia 1651545 );; line 78060 (wfb::age_structure namibia 0-14_years (* 47 %) );; line 78065 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex namibia 0-14_years female 384885 );; line 78065 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex namibia 0-14_years male 394216 );; line 78065 (wfb::age_structure namibia 15-64_years (* 50 %) );; line 78067 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex namibia 15-64_years female 414283 );; line 78067 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex namibia 15-64_years male 405938 );; line 78067 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure namibia 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 78069 (wfb::age_structure namibia 65_years_and_over (* 3 %) );; line 78069 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex namibia 65_years_and_over female 26783 );; line 78069 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex namibia 65_years_and_over male 25440 );; line 78069 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate namibia date_1995 );; line 78073 (wfb::population_growth_rate namibia (* 3.44 %) );; line 78073 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate namibia date_1995 );; line 78077 (wfb::birth_rate namibia (* 43.04 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 78077 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate namibia date_1995 );; line 78081 (wfb::death_rate namibia (* 8.61 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 78081 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate namibia date_1995 );; line 78085 (wfb::net_migration_rate namibia (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 78085 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate namibia date_1995 );; line 78089 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate namibia (* 59.8 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 78089 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth namibia total_population (* 62.1 years) );; line 78094 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth namibia male (* 59.37 years) );; line 78096 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth namibia female date_1995 );; line 78098 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth namibia female (* 64.9 years) );; line 78098 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate namibia date_1995 );; line 78102 (wfb::total_fertility_rate namibia (* 6.34 children_born/woman) );; line 78102 (wfb::nationality namibia noun "Namibian(s)" );; line 78107 (wfb::nationality namibia adjective "Namibian" );; line 78109 (wfb::ethnic-entity namibia black (* 86 %) );; line 78113 (wfb::ethnic-entity namibia white (* 6.6 %) );; line 78113 (wfb::ethnic-entity namibia mixed (* 7.4 %) );; line 78113 (wfb::comment ethnic_divisions namibia "about 50% of the population belong to the Ovambo tribe and 9% to the Kavangos tribe; other ethnic groups include (with approximate share of total population): Herero 7%, Damara 7%, Nama 5%, Caprivian 4%, Bushmen 3%, Baster 2%, Tswana 0.5%" );; line 78115 (wfb::comment religions namibia "50% Lutheran; at least 30% other Christian denominations" );; line 78122 (wfb::language namibia english (* 7 %) );; line 78127 (wfb::comment language namibia english "official" );; line 78127 (wfb::language namibia german (* 32 %) );; line 78127 (wfb::language namibia |indigenous languages: Oshivambo| n/a );; line 78127 (wfb::language namibia herero n/a );; line 78127 (wfb::language namibia nama n/a );; line 78127 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition namibia date_1960 );; line 78133 (wfb::literacy-condition namibia "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 78133 (wfb::literacy namibia total_population (* 38 %) );; line 78135 (wfb::literacy namibia male (* 45 %) );; line 78137 (wfb::literacy namibia female (* 31 %) );; line 78139 (wfb::total_labor_force namibia 500000 );; line 78143 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force namibia by_occupation date_1981 );; line 78145 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1981 );; line 78145 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation namibia agriculture (* 60 %) );; line 78145 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation namibia industry_and_commerce (* 19 %) );; line 78145 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation namibia services (* 8 %) );; line 78145 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation namibia government (* 7 %) );; line 78145 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation namibia mining-occupation-type (* 6 %) );; line 78145 (wfb::names namibia conventional_long_form "Republic of Namibia" );; line 78152 (wfb::names namibia conventional_short_form "Namibia" );; line 78154 (wfb::digraph namibia "WA" );; line 78158 (wfb::type namibia "republic" );; line 78162 (wfb::capital namibia windhoek-namibia );; line 78166 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_namibia_districts "districts" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 78170 (wfb::administrative_divisions namibia adm_div_namibia_districts 13 );; line 78170 (wfb::administrative_division_of namibia adm_div_namibia_districts "Erongo" );; line 78170 (wfb::administrative_division_of namibia adm_div_namibia_districts "Hardap" );; line 78170 (wfb::administrative_division_of namibia adm_div_namibia_districts "Karas" );; line 78170 (wfb::administrative_division_of namibia adm_div_namibia_districts "Khomas" );; line 78170 (wfb::administrative_division_of namibia adm_div_namibia_districts "Kunene" );; line 78170 (wfb::administrative_division_of namibia adm_div_namibia_districts "Caprivi (Liambezi)" );; line 78170 (wfb::administrative_division_of namibia adm_div_namibia_districts "Ohangwena" );; line 78170 (wfb::administrative_division_of namibia adm_div_namibia_districts "Okavango" );; line 78170 (wfb::administrative_division_of namibia adm_div_namibia_districts "Omaheke" );; line 78170 (wfb::administrative_division_of namibia adm_div_namibia_districts "Omusati" );; line 78170 (wfb::administrative_division_of namibia adm_div_namibia_districts "Oshana" );; line 78170 (wfb::administrative_division_of namibia adm_div_namibia_districts "Oshikoto" );; line 78170 (wfb::administrative_division_of namibia adm_div_namibia_districts "Otjozondjupa" );; line 78170 (wfb::independence namibia date_21_mar_1990 "South African mandate" );; line 78176 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1990 );; line 78180 (wfb::comment national_holiday namibia "1990" );; line 78180 (wfb::national_holiday namibia "Independence Day" date_21_mar );; line 78180 (wfb::constitution namibia "ratified 9 February 1990; effective 12 March 1990" );; line 78184 (wfb::legal_system namibia "based on Roman-Dutch law and 1990 constitution" );; line 78188 (wfb::comment suffrage namibia " universal" );; line 78192 (wfb::suffrage namibia (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 78192 (wfb::comment executive_branch namibia chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "election last held 7-8 December 1994 (next to be held NA)" );; line 78197 (wfb::comment executive_branch namibia chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "results - Sam NUJOMA elected president by popular vote" );; line 78197 (wfb::executive_branch namibia chief_of_state "President Sam NUJOMA " date_21_mar_1990 );; line 78197 (wfb::executive_branch namibia head_of_government "President Sam NUJOMA " date_21_mar_1990 );; line 78197 (wfb::comment executive_branch namibia cabinet "appointed by the president from the National Assembly" );; line 78201 (wfb::executive_branch namibia cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 78201 (wfb::legislative_structure namibia bicameral "legislature" );; line 78205 (wfb::legislative_branch namibia "National Council" "elections last held 30 November-3 December 1992 (next to be held by December 1998); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (26 total) SWAPO 19, DTA 6, UDF 1" );; line 78207 (wfb::legislative_branch namibia "National Assembly" "elections last held 7-8 December 1994 (next to be held NA); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (72 total) SWAPO 53, DTA 15, UDF 2, MAG 1, DCN 1" );; line 78211 (wfb::judicial_branch namibia "Supreme Court" );; line 78217 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders namibia "South West Africa People's Organization (SWAPO), Sam NUJOMA; DTA of Namibia (formerly Democratic Turnhalle Alliance) (DTA), Mishake MUYONGO; United Democratic Front (UDF), Justus GAROEB; Federal Convention of Namibia (FCN), Kephics CONRUDIE; Monitor Action Group (MAG), Kosie PRETORIUS; Workers Revolutionary Party (WRP); Southwest African National Union (SWANU), Hitjevi VEII; Democratic Coalition of Namibia (DCN), Moses KATJIUONGA" );; line 78221 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups namibia "NA" );; line 78230 (wfb::member_of namibia acp );; line 78234 (wfb::member_of namibia afdb );; line 78234 (wfb::member_of namibia c );; line 78234 (wfb::member_of namibia ccc );; line 78234 (wfb::member_of namibia eca );; line 78234 (wfb::member_of namibia fao );; line 78234 (wfb::member_of namibia fls );; line 78234 (wfb::member_of namibia g-77 );; line 78234 (wfb::member_of namibia gatt );; line 78234 (wfb::member_of namibia iaea );; line 78234 (wfb::member_of namibia ibrd );; line 78234 (wfb::member_of namibia icao );; line 78234 (wfb::member_of namibia icrm );; line 78234 (wfb::member_of namibia ifad );; line 78234 (wfb::member_of namibia ifc );; line 78234 (wfb::member_of namibia ifrcs );; line 78234 (wfb::comment member_of namibia ifrcs "associate" );; line 78234 (wfb::member_of namibia ilo );; line 78234 (wfb::member_of namibia imf );; line 78234 (wfb::member_of namibia intelsat );; line 78234 (wfb::comment member_of namibia intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 78234 (wfb::member_of namibia interpol );; line 78234 (wfb::member_of namibia ioc );; line 78234 (wfb::member_of namibia iom );; line 78234 (wfb::comment member_of namibia iom "observer" );; line 78234 (wfb::member_of namibia itu );; line 78234 (wfb::member_of namibia nam );; line 78234 (wfb::member_of namibia oau );; line 78234 (wfb::member_of namibia sacu );; line 78234 (wfb::member_of namibia sadc );; line 78234 (wfb::member_of namibia un );; line 78234 (wfb::member_of namibia unctad );; line 78234 (wfb::member_of namibia unesco );; line 78234 (wfb::member_of namibia unhcr );; line 78234 (wfb::member_of namibia unido );; line 78234 (wfb::member_of namibia upu );; line 78234 (wfb::member_of namibia wcl );; line 78234 (wfb::member_of namibia who );; line 78234 (wfb::member_of namibia wipo );; line 78234 (wfb::member_of namibia wmo );; line 78234 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us namibia chief_of_mission "Ambassador Tuliameni KALOMOH" );; line 78242 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us namibia chancery "1605 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20009" );; line 78244 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us namibia telephone "[1] (202) 986-0540" );; line 78246 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us namibia fax "[1] (202) 986-0443" );; line 78248 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation namibia chief_of_mission "Ambassador Marshall F. McCALLIE" );; line 78253 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation namibia embassy "Ausplan Building, 14 Lossen St., Windhoek" );; line 78255 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation namibia mailing_address "Private Bag 12029 Ausspannplatz, Windhoek" );; line 78257 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation namibia telephone "[264] (61) 221601" );; line 78259 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation namibia fax "[264] (61) 229792" );; line 78261 (wfb::flag namibia "a large blue triangle with a yellow sunburst fills the upper left section, and an equal green triangle (solid) fills the lower right section; the triangles are separated by a red stripe that is contrasted by two narrow white-edge borders" );; line 78265 (wfb::overview namibia "The economy is heavily dependent on the mining industry to extract and process minerals for export. Mining accounts for almost 25% of GDP. Namibia is the fourth-largest exporter of nonfuel minerals in Africa and the world's fifth-largest producer of uranium. Alluvial diamond deposits are among the richest in the world, making Namibia a primary source for gem-quality diamonds. Namibia also produces large quantities of lead, zinc, tin, silver, and tungsten. More than half the population depends on agriculture (largely subsistence agriculture) for its livelihood. Namibia must import some of its food." );; line 78273 (wfb::estimation-date national_product namibia date_1994 );; line 78284 (wfb::national_product namibia (* 5.8e9 $) );; line 78284 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate namibia date_1994 );; line 78288 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate namibia (* 5.8 %) );; line 78288 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita namibia date_1994 );; line 78292 (wfb::national_product_per_capita namibia (* 3600 $) );; line 78292 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| namibia "11% (1994)" );; line 78296 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate namibia date_1993 );; line 78300 (wfb::budget namibia revenues (* 941e6 $) );; line 78305 (wfb::for-fiscal-year budget namibia 93 );; line 78307 (wfb::budget namibia expenditures (* 1.05e9 $) );; line 78307 (wfb::budget namibia capital_expenditures (* 157e6 $) );; line 78307 (wfb::exports namibia (* 1.3e9 $) );; line 78312 (wfb::exports namibia commodities diamonds-commodity n/a );; line 78314 (wfb::exports namibia commodities copper-commodity n/a );; line 78314 (wfb::exports namibia commodities gold-commodity n/a );; line 78314 (wfb::exports namibia commodities zinc-commodity n/a );; line 78314 (wfb::exports namibia commodities lead-commodity n/a );; line 78314 (wfb::exports namibia commodities uranium-commodity n/a );; line 78314 (wfb::exports namibia commodities cattle n/a );; line 78314 (wfb::exports namibia commodities processed_fish n/a );; line 78314 (wfb::exports namibia commodities karakul_skins n/a );; line 78314 (wfb::exports namibia partners switzerland n/a );; line 78317 (wfb::exports namibia partners south_africa n/a );; line 78317 (wfb::exports namibia partners germany n/a );; line 78317 (wfb::exports namibia partners japan n/a );; line 78317 (wfb::imports namibia (* 1.1e9 $) );; line 78321 (wfb::imports namibia commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 78323 (wfb::imports namibia commodities petroleum_products_and_fuel n/a );; line 78323 (wfb::imports namibia commodities machinery_and_equipment n/a );; line 78323 (wfb::imports namibia partners south_africa n/a );; line 78325 (wfb::imports namibia partners germany n/a );; line 78325 (wfb::imports namibia partners us n/a );; line 78325 (wfb::imports namibia partners switzerland n/a );; line 78325 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 78333 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production namibia date_1993 );; line 78333 (wfb::industrial_production namibia growth_rate (* -14 %) );; line 78333 (wfb::industrial_production namibia accounts_for (* 30 %_of_gdp) );; line 78333 (wfb::electricity namibia capacity (* 406000 kw) );; line 78339 (wfb::electricity namibia production (* 1.29e9 kwh) );; line 78341 (wfb::measurement-date electricity namibia consumption_per_capita date_1991 );; line 78343 (wfb::electricity namibia consumption_per_capita (* 658 kwh) );; line 78343 (wfb::industry namibia meat_packing );; line 78347 (wfb::industry namibia fish_processing );; line 78347 (wfb::industry namibia dairy_products-industry );; line 78347 (wfb::industry namibia |mining (copper, lead, zinc, diamond, uranium)| );; line 78347 (wfb::agriculture namibia "accounts for 10% of GDP; livestock raising major source of cash income; crops - millet, sorghum, peanuts; fish catch potential of over 1 million metric tons not being fulfilled" );; line 78352 (wfb::economic_aid namibia recipient "Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-87), $47.2 million" );; line 78359 (wfb::abbreviation south_african_rand "R" );; line 78364 (wfb::currency namibia south_african_rand 100 cents );; line 78364 (wfb::exchange_rates namibia "South African rand (R) per US$1 - 3.539 (January 1995), 3.5489 (1994), 3.2678 (1993), 2.8497 (1992), 2.7653 (1991), 2.5863 (1990)" );; line 78368 (wfb::fiscal_year namibia date_1_apr date_31_mar );; line 78373 (wfb::railroads namibia total "2,341 km (single track)" );; line 78379 (wfb::railroads namibia narrow_gauge "2,341 km 1.067-m gauge" );; line 78381 (wfb::highways namibia total (* 54500 km) );; line 78386 (wfb::highways namibia paved (* 4080 km) );; line 78388 (wfb::comment highways namibia unpaved "roads and tracks" );; line 78390 (wfb::highways namibia gravel (* 2540 km) );; line 78390 (wfb::highways namibia earth (* 47880 km) );; line 78390 (wfb::port namibia luderitz-namibia );; line 78394 (wfb::port namibia walvis_bay-namibia );; line 78394 (wfb::merchant_marine namibia "none" );; line 78398 (wfb::airports namibia total 135 );; line 78403 (wfb::airports namibia |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 2 );; line 78405 (wfb::airports namibia |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 2 );; line 78407 (wfb::airports namibia |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 14 );; line 78409 (wfb::airports namibia |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 3 );; line 78411 (wfb::airports namibia with_paved_runways_under_914_m 20 );; line 78413 (wfb::airports namibia |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 78415 (wfb::airports namibia |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 23 );; line 78417 (wfb::airports namibia |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 70 );; line 78419 (wfb::telephone_system namibia "62,800 telephones; telephone density - 38/1,000 persons" );; line 78424 (wfb::telephone_system namibia local "good urban services" );; line 78426 (wfb::telephone_system namibia intercity "fair rural service; microwave radio relay links major towns; connections to other populated places are by open wire" );; line 78428 (wfb::telephone_system namibia international "NA" );; line 78431 (wfb::radio namibia broadcast_stations am 4 );; line 78436 (wfb::radio namibia broadcast_stations fm 40 );; line 78436 (wfb::radio namibia broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 78436 (wfb::radio namibia radios n/a );; line 78438 (wfb::television namibia broadcast_stations 3 );; line 78443 (wfb::television namibia televisions n/a );; line 78445 (wfb::comment defense_branch namibia national_defense_force_namibia "Army" );; line 78451 (wfb::defense_branch namibia national_defense_force_namibia );; line 78451 (wfb::defense_branch namibia police_namibia );; line 78451 (wfb::manpower_availability namibia "males age 15-49 348,380; males fit for military service 206,684 (1995 est.)" );; line 78455 (wfb::for-fiscal-year defense_expenditures namibia 93 );; line 78460 (wfb::defense_expenditures namibia (* 54e6 $) );; line 78460 (wfb::defense_expenditures namibia (* 2 %_of_gdp) );; line 78460 (wfb::markup-parameter figure nauru "graphno=\"nr.tif\"" );; line 78466 (wfb::location nauru "Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, south of the Marshall Islands" );; line 78470 (wfb::map_references nauru "Oceania" );; line 78475 (wfb::area nauru total_area (* 21 sq_km) );; line 78480 (wfb::area nauru land_area (* 21 sq_km) );; line 78482 (wfb::area nauru comparative_area "about one-tenth the size of Washington, DC" );; line 78484 (wfb::coastline nauru (* 30 km) );; line 78492 (wfb::maritime_claims nauru exclusive_fishing_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 78497 (wfb::maritime_claims nauru territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 78499 (wfb::international_disputes nauru "none" );; line 78503 (wfb::climate nauru "tropical" );; line 78507 (wfb::climate nauru "monsoonal" );; line 78507 (wfb::climate nauru "rainy season (November to February)" );; line 78507 (wfb::terrain nauru "sandy beach rises to fertile ring around raised coral reefs with phosphate plateau in center" );; line 78511 (wfb::natural-resource nauru phosphates );; line 78516 (wfb::land_use nauru arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 78521 (wfb::land_use nauru permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 78523 (wfb::land_use nauru meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 78525 (wfb::land_use nauru forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 78527 (wfb::land_use nauru other (* 100 %) );; line 78529 (wfb::irrigated_land nauru (* n/a sq_km) );; line 78533 (wfb::environment nauru current_issues "limited natural fresh water resources, roof storage tanks collect rainwater" );; line 78538 (wfb::environment nauru current_issues "phosphate mining threatens limited remaining land resources" );; line 78538 (wfb::environment nauru natural_hazards "periodic droughts" );; line 78541 (wfb::environment nauru international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Marine Dumping" );; line 78543 (wfb::environment nauru international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Law of the Sea" );; line 78543 (wfb::note nauru "Nauru is one of the three great phosphate rock islands in the Pacific Ocean - the others are Banaba (Ocean Island) in Kiribati and Makatea in French Polynesia; only 53 km south of Equator" );; line 78548 (wfb::estimation-date population nauru date_jul_1995 );; line 78556 (wfb::population nauru 10149 );; line 78556 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate nauru date_1995 );; line 78569 (wfb::population_growth_rate nauru (* 1.33 %) );; line 78569 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate nauru date_1995 );; line 78573 (wfb::birth_rate nauru (* 18.03 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 78573 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate nauru date_1995 );; line 78577 (wfb::death_rate nauru (* 5.1 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 78577 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate nauru date_1995 );; line 78581 (wfb::net_migration_rate nauru (* 0.4 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 78581 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate nauru date_1995 );; line 78585 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate nauru (* 40.6 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 78585 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth nauru total_population (* 66.68 years) );; line 78590 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth nauru male (* 64.3 years) );; line 78592 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth nauru female date_1995 );; line 78594 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth nauru female (* 69.18 years) );; line 78594 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate nauru date_1995 );; line 78598 (wfb::total_fertility_rate nauru (* 2.08 children_born/woman) );; line 78598 (wfb::nationality nauru noun "Nauruan(s)" );; line 78603 (wfb::nationality nauru adjective "Nauruan" );; line 78605 (wfb::ethnic-entity nauru nauruan (* 58 %) );; line 78609 (wfb::ethnic-entity nauru chinese (* 8 %) );; line 78609 (wfb::ethnic-entity nauru european (* 8 %) );; line 78609 (wfb::comment religions nauru "two-thirds Protestant, one-third Roman Catholic" );; line 78613 (wfb::religion nauru christian n/a );; line 78613 (wfb::language nauru nauruan-language-group n/a );; line 78617 (wfb::comment language nauru nauruan-language-group "official; a distinct Pacific Island language" );; line 78617 (wfb::language nauru english_widely_understood n/a );; line 78617 (wfb::language nauru spoken n/a );; line 78617 (wfb::language nauru used_for_most_government_and_commercial_purposes n/a );; line 78617 (wfb::literacy-condition nauru "NA%" );; line 78623 (wfb::names nauru conventional_long_form "Republic of Nauru" );; line 78634 (wfb::names nauru conventional_short_form "Nauru" );; line 78636 (wfb::names nauru former "Pleasant Island" );; line 78638 (wfb::digraph nauru "NR" );; line 78642 (wfb::type nauru "republic" );; line 78646 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_nauru_districts "districts" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 78654 (wfb::administrative_divisions nauru adm_div_nauru_districts 14 );; line 78654 (wfb::administrative_division_of nauru adm_div_nauru_districts "Aiwo" );; line 78654 (wfb::administrative_division_of nauru adm_div_nauru_districts "Anabar" );; line 78654 (wfb::administrative_division_of nauru adm_div_nauru_districts "Anetan" );; line 78654 (wfb::administrative_division_of nauru adm_div_nauru_districts "Anibare" );; line 78654 (wfb::administrative_division_of nauru adm_div_nauru_districts "Baiti" );; line 78654 (wfb::administrative_division_of nauru adm_div_nauru_districts "Boe" );; line 78654 (wfb::administrative_division_of nauru adm_div_nauru_districts "Buada" );; line 78654 (wfb::administrative_division_of nauru adm_div_nauru_districts "Denigomodu" );; line 78654 (wfb::administrative_division_of nauru adm_div_nauru_districts "Ewa" );; line 78654 (wfb::administrative_division_of nauru adm_div_nauru_districts "Ijuw" );; line 78654 (wfb::administrative_division_of nauru adm_div_nauru_districts "Meneng" );; line 78654 (wfb::administrative_division_of nauru adm_div_nauru_districts "Nibok" );; line 78654 (wfb::administrative_division_of nauru adm_div_nauru_districts "Uaboe" );; line 78654 (wfb::administrative_division_of nauru adm_div_nauru_districts "Yaren" );; line 78654 (wfb::comment independence nauru ", New Zealand, and UK-administered UN trusteeship" );; line 78659 (wfb::independence nauru date_31_jan_1968 "the Australia" );; line 78659 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1968 );; line 78664 (wfb::comment national_holiday nauru "1968" );; line 78664 (wfb::national_holiday nauru "Independence Day" date_31_jan );; line 78664 (wfb::constitution nauru "29 January 1968" );; line 78668 (wfb::legal_system nauru "own Acts of Parliament and British common law" );; line 78672 (wfb::comment suffrage nauru " universal and compulsory" );; line 78676 (wfb::suffrage nauru (* 20 years_of_age) );; line 78676 (wfb::comment executive_branch nauru chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "election last held 19 November 1992 (next to be held NA November 1995)" );; line 78681 (wfb::comment executive_branch nauru chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "results - Bernard DOWIYOGO elected by Parliament" );; line 78681 (wfb::executive_branch nauru chief_of_state "President Bernard DOWIYOGO " date_12_dec_1989 );; line 78681 (wfb::executive_branch nauru head_of_government "President Bernard DOWIYOGO " date_12_dec_1989 );; line 78681 (wfb::comment executive_branch nauru cabinet "appointed by the president from the parliament" );; line 78685 (wfb::executive_branch nauru cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 78685 (wfb::legislative_structure nauru unicameral n/a );; line 78689 (wfb::legislative_branch nauru "Parliament" "elections last held on 14 November 1992 (next to be held NA November 1995); results - percent of vote NA; seats - (18 total) independents 18" );; line 78691 (wfb::judicial_branch nauru "Supreme Court" );; line 78697 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders nauru "none" );; line 78701 (wfb::member_of nauru asdb );; line 78705 (wfb::member_of nauru c );; line 78705 (wfb::comment member_of nauru c "special" );; line 78705 (wfb::member_of nauru escap );; line 78705 (wfb::member_of nauru icao );; line 78705 (wfb::member_of nauru intelsat );; line 78705 (wfb::comment member_of nauru intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 78705 (wfb::member_of nauru interpol );; line 78705 (wfb::member_of nauru itu );; line 78705 (wfb::member_of nauru sparteca );; line 78705 (wfb::member_of nauru spc );; line 78705 (wfb::member_of nauru spf );; line 78705 (wfb::member_of nauru upu );; line 78705 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us nauru |consulate(s)| "Agana (Guam)" );; line 78711 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation nauru "the US Ambassador to Fiji is accredited to Nauru" );; line 78715 (wfb::flag nauru "blue with a narrow, horizontal, yellow stripe across the center and a large white 12-pointed star below the stripe on the hoist side; the star indicates the country's location in relation to the Equator (the yellow stripe) and the 12 points symbolize the 12 original tribes of Nauru" );; line 78719 (wfb::overview nauru "Revenues come from the export of phosphates, the reserves of which are expected to be exhausted by the year 2000. Phosphates have given Nauruans one of the highest per capita incomes in the Third World. Few other resources exist, so most necessities must be imported, including fresh water from Australia. The rehabilitation of mined land and the replacement of income from phosphates are serious long-term problems. Substantial amounts of phosphate income are invested in trust funds to help cushion the transition." );; line 78727 (wfb::estimation-date national_product nauru date_1993 );; line 78737 (wfb::national_product nauru (* 100e6 $) );; line 78737 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate nauru (* n/a %) );; line 78741 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita nauru date_1993 );; line 78745 (wfb::national_product_per_capita nauru (* 10000 $) );; line 78745 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| nauru "NA%" );; line 78749 (wfb::unemployment_rate nauru (* 0 %) );; line 78753 (wfb::budget nauru revenues (* 69.7e6 $) );; line 78758 (wfb::estimation-date budget nauru date_1986 );; line 78760 (wfb::budget nauru expenditures (* 51.5e6 $) );; line 78760 (wfb::budget nauru capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 78760 (wfb::exports nauru (* 93e6 $) );; line 78764 (wfb::exports nauru partners australia n/a );; line 78768 (wfb::exports nauru partners nz n/a );; line 78768 (wfb::imports nauru (* 73e6 $) );; line 78772 (wfb::imports nauru commodities food n/a );; line 78774 (wfb::imports nauru commodities fuel n/a );; line 78774 (wfb::imports nauru commodities manufactures n/a );; line 78774 (wfb::imports nauru commodities building_materials n/a );; line 78774 (wfb::imports nauru commodities machinery n/a );; line 78774 (wfb::imports nauru partners australia n/a );; line 78776 (wfb::imports nauru partners uk n/a );; line 78776 (wfb::imports nauru partners nz n/a );; line 78776 (wfb::imports nauru partners japan n/a );; line 78776 (wfb::external_debt nauru (* 33.3e6 $) );; line 78780 (wfb::industrial_production nauru growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 78784 (wfb::electricity nauru capacity (* 14000 kw) );; line 78789 (wfb::electricity nauru production (* 30e6 kwh) );; line 78791 (wfb::measurement-date electricity nauru consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 78793 (wfb::electricity nauru consumption_per_capita (* 3036 kwh) );; line 78793 (wfb::industry nauru phosphate_mining );; line 78797 (wfb::industry nauru financial_services-industry );; line 78797 (wfb::industry nauru coconut_products-industry );; line 78797 (wfb::agriculture nauru "coconuts; other agricultural activity negligible; almost completely dependent on imports for food and water" );; line 78801 (wfb::economic_aid nauru recipient "Western (non-US) countries (1970-89), $2 million" );; line 78807 (wfb::abbreviation australian_dollar "$A" );; line 78811 (wfb::currency nauru australian_dollar 100 cents );; line 78811 (wfb::exchange_rates nauru "Australian dollars ($A) per US$1 - 1.3058 (January 1995), 1.3667 (1994), 1.4704 (1993), 1.3600 (1992), 1.2834 (1991), 1.2799 (1990)" );; line 78815 (wfb::fiscal_year nauru date_1_jul date_30_jun );; line 78820 (wfb::railroads nauru total "3.9 km; note - used to haul phosphates from the center of the island to processing facilities on the southwest coast" );; line 78826 (wfb::highways nauru total (* 27 km) );; line 78832 (wfb::highways nauru paved (* 21 km) );; line 78834 (wfb::highways nauru improved_earth (* 6 km) );; line 78836 (wfb::port nauru nauru-nauru );; line 78840 (wfb::merchant_marine nauru "none" );; line 78844 (wfb::airports nauru total 1 );; line 78849 (wfb::airports nauru |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 1 );; line 78851 (wfb::telephone_system nauru "1,600 telephones; adequate local and international radio communications provided via Australian facilities" );; line 78856 (wfb::telephone_system nauru local "NA" );; line 78859 (wfb::telephone_system nauru intercity "NA" );; line 78861 (wfb::telephone_system nauru international "1 INTELSAT (Pacific Ocean) earth station" );; line 78863 (wfb::radio nauru broadcast_stations am 1 );; line 78868 (wfb::radio nauru broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 78868 (wfb::radio nauru broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 78868 (wfb::radio nauru radios 4000 );; line 78870 (wfb::television nauru broadcast_stations 0 );; line 78875 (wfb::television nauru televisions n/a );; line 78877 (wfb::defense_branch nauru no_regular_armed_forces_nauru );; line 78883 (wfb::defense_branch nauru directorate_of_the_nauru_police_force_nauru );; line 78883 (wfb::markup-parameter figure navassa_island "graphno=\"bq.tif\"" );; line 78893 (wfb::header navassa_island "(territory of the US)" );; line 78893 (wfb::location navassa_island "Caribbean, island in the Caribbean Sea, about one-fourth of the way from Haiti to Jamaica" );; line 78897 (wfb::map_references navassa_island "Central America and the Caribbean" );; line 78902 (wfb::area navassa_island total_area (* 5.2 sq_km) );; line 78907 (wfb::area navassa_island land_area (* 5.2 sq_km) );; line 78909 (wfb::area navassa_island comparative_area "about nine times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC" );; line 78911 (wfb::coastline navassa_island (* 8 km) );; line 78919 (wfb::maritime_claims navassa_island exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 78924 (wfb::maritime_claims navassa_island territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 78926 (wfb::international_disputes navassa_island "claimed by Haiti" );; line 78930 (wfb::climate navassa_island "marine, tropical" );; line 78934 (wfb::terrain navassa_island "raised coral and limestone plateau, flat to undulating" );; line 78938 (wfb::terrain navassa_island "ringed by vertical white cliffs (9 to 15 meters high)" );; line 78938 (wfb::natural-resource navassa_island guano );; line 78943 (wfb::land_use navassa_island arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 78948 (wfb::land_use navassa_island permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 78950 (wfb::land_use navassa_island meadows_and_pastures (* 10 %) );; line 78952 (wfb::land_use navassa_island forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 78954 (wfb::land_use navassa_island other (* 90 %) );; line 78956 (wfb::irrigated_land navassa_island (* 0 sq_km) );; line 78960 (wfb::environment navassa_island current_issues "NA" );; line 78965 (wfb::environment navassa_island natural_hazards "NA" );; line 78967 (wfb::environment navassa_island international_agreements "NA" );; line 78969 (wfb::note navassa_island "strategic location 160 km south of the US Naval Base at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba; mostly exposed rock, but enough grassland to support goat herds; dense stands of fig-like trees, scattered cactus" );; line 78973 (wfb::names navassa_island conventional_short_form "Navassa Island" );; line 78990 (wfb::digraph navassa_island "BQ" );; line 78994 (wfb::type navassa_island "unincorporated territory of the US administered by the US Coast Guard" );; line 78998 (wfb::overview navassa_island "no economic activity" );; line 79008 (wfb::note navassa_island "defense is the responsibility of the US" );; line 79023 (wfb::markup-parameter figure nepal "graphno=\"np.tif\"" );; line 79029 (wfb::location nepal "Southern Asia, between China and India" );; line 79033 (wfb::map_references nepal "Asia" );; line 79037 (wfb::area nepal total_area (* 140800 sq_km) );; line 79042 (wfb::area nepal land_area (* 136800 sq_km) );; line 79044 (wfb::area nepal comparative_area "slightly larger than Arkansas" );; line 79046 (wfb::borders nepal total (* 2926 km) );; line 79050 (wfb::borders nepal china (* 1236 km) );; line 79050 (wfb::borders nepal india (* 1690 km) );; line 79050 (wfb::comment coastline nepal "landlocked" );; line 79054 (wfb::coastline nepal (* 0 km) );; line 79054 (wfb::maritime_claims nepal "none; landlocked" );; line 79058 (wfb::international_disputes nepal "none" );; line 79062 (wfb::climate nepal "varies from cool summers and severe winters in north to subtropical summers and mild winters in south" );; line 79066 (wfb::terrain nepal "Terai or flat river plain of the Ganges in south, central hill region, rugged Himalayas in north" );; line 79071 (wfb::natural-resource nepal quartz );; line 79076 (wfb::natural-resource nepal water );; line 79076 (wfb::natural-resource nepal timber );; line 79076 (wfb::natural-resource nepal hydroelectric_potential );; line 79076 (wfb::natural-resource nepal scenic_beauty );; line 79076 (wfb::natural-resource nepal small_deposits_of_lignite );; line 79076 (wfb::natural-resource nepal copper );; line 79076 (wfb::natural-resource nepal cobalt );; line 79076 (wfb::natural-resource nepal iron_ore );; line 79076 (wfb::land_use nepal arable_land (* 17 %) );; line 79082 (wfb::land_use nepal permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 79084 (wfb::land_use nepal meadows_and_pastures (* 13 %) );; line 79086 (wfb::land_use nepal forest_and_woodland (* 33 %) );; line 79088 (wfb::land_use nepal other (* 37 %) );; line 79090 (wfb::measurement-date irrigated_land nepal date_1989 );; line 79094 (wfb::irrigated_land nepal (* 9430 sq_km) );; line 79094 (wfb::environment nepal current_issues "the almost total dependence on wood for fuel and cutting down trees to expand agricultural land without replanting has resulted in widespread deforestation" );; line 79099 (wfb::environment nepal current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 79099 (wfb::environment nepal current_issues "water pollution (use of contaminated water presents human health risks)" );; line 79099 (wfb::environment nepal natural_hazards "severe thunderstorms, flooding, landslides, drought, and famine depending on the timing, intensity, and duration of the summer monsoons" );; line 79104 (wfb::environment nepal international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands" );; line 79107 (wfb::environment nepal international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation" );; line 79107 (wfb::note nepal "landlocked; strategic location between China and India; contains eight of world's 10 highest peaks" );; line 79114 (wfb::estimation-date population nepal date_jul_1995 );; line 79121 (wfb::population nepal 21560869 );; line 79121 (wfb::age_structure nepal 0-14_years (* 43 %) );; line 79126 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex nepal 0-14_years female 4479950 );; line 79126 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex nepal 0-14_years male 4692575 );; line 79126 (wfb::age_structure nepal 15-64_years (* 55 %) );; line 79128 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex nepal 15-64_years female 5778107 );; line 79128 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex nepal 15-64_years male 5994147 );; line 79128 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure nepal 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 79130 (wfb::age_structure nepal 65_years_and_over (* 2 %) );; line 79130 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex nepal 65_years_and_over female 305502 );; line 79130 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex nepal 65_years_and_over male 310588 );; line 79130 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate nepal date_1995 );; line 79134 (wfb::population_growth_rate nepal (* 2.44 %) );; line 79134 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate nepal date_1995 );; line 79138 (wfb::birth_rate nepal (* 37.31 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 79138 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate nepal date_1995 );; line 79142 (wfb::death_rate nepal (* 12.9 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 79142 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate nepal date_1995 );; line 79146 (wfb::net_migration_rate nepal (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 79146 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate nepal date_1995 );; line 79150 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate nepal (* 81.2 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 79150 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth nepal total_population (* 53.09 years) );; line 79155 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth nepal male (* 52.86 years) );; line 79157 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth nepal female date_1995 );; line 79159 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth nepal female (* 53.34 years) );; line 79159 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate nepal date_1995 );; line 79163 (wfb::total_fertility_rate nepal (* 5.15 children_born/woman) );; line 79163 (wfb::nationality nepal noun "Nepalese (singular and plural)" );; line 79168 (wfb::nationality nepal adjective "Nepalese" );; line 79170 (wfb::ethnic-entity nepal newars n/a );; line 79174 (wfb::ethnic-entity nepal indians n/a );; line 79174 (wfb::ethnic-entity nepal tibetans n/a );; line 79174 (wfb::ethnic-entity nepal gurungs n/a );; line 79174 (wfb::ethnic-entity nepal magars n/a );; line 79174 (wfb::ethnic-entity nepal tamangs n/a );; line 79174 (wfb::ethnic-entity nepal bhotias n/a );; line 79174 (wfb::ethnic-entity nepal rais n/a );; line 79174 (wfb::ethnic-entity nepal limbus n/a );; line 79174 (wfb::ethnic-entity nepal sherpas n/a );; line 79174 (wfb::measurement-date religion date_1981 );; line 79179 (wfb::religion nepal hindu (* 90 %) );; line 79179 (wfb::religion nepal buddhist (* 5 %) );; line 79179 (wfb::religion nepal muslim (* 3 %) );; line 79179 (wfb::comment religions nepal "only official Hindu state in world, although no sharp distinction between many Hindu and Buddhist groups" );; line 79181 (wfb::language nepal nepali n/a );; line 79186 (wfb::comment language nepal nepali "official" );; line 79186 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition nepal date_1990 );; line 79190 (wfb::literacy-condition nepal "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 79190 (wfb::literacy nepal total_population (* 26 %) );; line 79192 (wfb::literacy nepal male (* 38 %) );; line 79194 (wfb::literacy nepal female (* 13 %) );; line 79196 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force nepal date_1991 );; line 79200 (wfb::total_labor_force nepal 8.5e6 );; line 79200 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation nepal agriculture (* 93 %) );; line 79202 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation nepal services (* 5 %) );; line 79202 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation nepal industry (* 2 %) );; line 79202 (wfb::comment labor_force nepal "severe lack of skilled labor" );; line 79204 (wfb::names nepal conventional_long_form "Kingdom of Nepal" );; line 79210 (wfb::names nepal conventional_short_form "Nepal" );; line 79212 (wfb::digraph nepal "NP" );; line 79216 (wfb::type nepal "parliamentary democracy as of 12 May 1991" );; line 79220 (wfb::capital nepal kathmandu-nepal );; line 79224 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_nepal_zones "zones" "anchal" "anchal" );; line 79228 (wfb::administrative_divisions nepal adm_div_nepal_zones 14 );; line 79228 (wfb::administrative_division_of nepal adm_div_nepal_zones "Bagmati" );; line 79228 (wfb::administrative_division_of nepal adm_div_nepal_zones "Bheri" );; line 79228 (wfb::administrative_division_of nepal adm_div_nepal_zones "Dhawalagiri" );; line 79228 (wfb::administrative_division_of nepal adm_div_nepal_zones "Gandaki" );; line 79228 (wfb::administrative_division_of nepal adm_div_nepal_zones "Janakpur" );; line 79228 (wfb::administrative_division_of nepal adm_div_nepal_zones "Karnali" );; line 79228 (wfb::administrative_division_of nepal adm_div_nepal_zones "Kosi" );; line 79228 (wfb::administrative_division_of nepal adm_div_nepal_zones "Lumbini" );; line 79228 (wfb::administrative_division_of nepal adm_div_nepal_zones "Mahakali" );; line 79228 (wfb::administrative_division_of nepal adm_div_nepal_zones "Mechi" );; line 79228 (wfb::administrative_division_of nepal adm_div_nepal_zones "Narayani" );; line 79228 (wfb::administrative_division_of nepal adm_div_nepal_zones "Rapti" );; line 79228 (wfb::administrative_division_of nepal adm_div_nepal_zones "Sagarmatha" );; line 79228 (wfb::administrative_division_of nepal adm_div_nepal_zones "Seti" );; line 79228 (wfb::comment independence nepal "unified by Prithvi Narayan Shah" );; line 79234 (wfb::independence nepal date_1768 "n/a" );; line 79234 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1945 );; line 79238 (wfb::comment national_holiday nepal "1945" );; line 79238 (wfb::national_holiday nepal "Birthday of His Majesty the King" date_28_dec );; line 79238 (wfb::constitution nepal "9 November 1990" );; line 79242 (wfb::legal_system nepal "based on Hindu legal concepts and English common law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 79246 (wfb::comment suffrage nepal " universal" );; line 79251 (wfb::suffrage nepal (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 79251 (wfb::executive_branch nepal head_of_government "Prime Minister Man Mohan ADHIKARI " date_30_nov_1994 );; line 79256 (wfb::comment executive_branch nepal chief_of_state "Heir Apparent Crown Prince DIPENDRA Bir Bikram Shah Dev, son of the King (born 21 June 1971)" );; line 79258 (wfb::comment executive_branch nepal chief_of_state "crowned King 24 February 1985)" );; line 79258 (wfb::executive_branch nepal chief_of_state "King BIRENDRA Bir Bikram Shah Dev " date_31_jan_1972 );; line 79258 (wfb::comment executive_branch nepal cabinet "appointed by the king on recommendation of the prime minister" );; line 79262 (wfb::executive_branch nepal cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 79262 (wfb::legislative_structure nepal bicameral "Parliament" );; line 79267 (wfb::legislative_branch nepal "National Council" "consists of a 60-member body, 50 appointed by House of Representatives and 10 by the King" );; line 79269 (wfb::legislative_branch nepal "House of Representatives" "elections last held on 15 November 1994 (next to be held NA); results - NCP 33%, CPN/UML 31%, NDP 18%, Terai Rights Sadbhavana Party 3%, NWPP 1%; seats - (205 total) CPN/UML 88, NCP 83, NDP 20, NWPP 4, Terai Rights Sadbhavana Party 3, independents 7; note - the new Constitution of 9 November 1990 gave Nepal a multiparty democracy system for the first time in 32 years" );; line 79272 (wfb::judicial_branch nepal "Supreme Court (Sarbochha Adalat)" );; line 79280 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders nepal "Communist Party of Nepal/United Marxist and Leninist (CPN/UML), Prime Minister Man Mohan ADHIKARI, Deputy Prime Minister Madhav Kumar NEPAL; Nepali Congress Party (NCP), president Krishna Prasad BHATTARAI, former Prime Minister Girija Prasad KOIRALA, Leader of the Opposition Sher Bahadur DEUBA; National Democratic Party (NDP), Surya Bahadur THAPA; Terai Rights Sadbhavana (Goodwill) Party, Gajendra Narayan SINGH; United People's Front (UPF), Niranjan Govinda BAIDYA; Nepal Workers and Peasants Party (NWPP), Narayan Man BIJUKCHHE; Communist Party of Nepal (Democratic-Manandhar), B. B. MANANDHAR" );; line 79284 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups nepal "numerous small, left-leaning student groups in the capital; several small, radical Nepalese antimonarchist groups" );; line 79295 (wfb::member_of nepal asdb );; line 79300 (wfb::member_of nepal ccc );; line 79300 (wfb::member_of nepal cp );; line 79300 (wfb::member_of nepal escap );; line 79300 (wfb::member_of nepal fao );; line 79300 (wfb::member_of nepal g-77 );; line 79300 (wfb::member_of nepal ibrd );; line 79300 (wfb::member_of nepal icao );; line 79300 (wfb::member_of nepal icrm );; line 79300 (wfb::member_of nepal ida );; line 79300 (wfb::member_of nepal ifad );; line 79300 (wfb::member_of nepal ifc );; line 79300 (wfb::member_of nepal ifrcs );; line 79300 (wfb::member_of nepal ilo );; line 79300 (wfb::member_of nepal imf );; line 79300 (wfb::member_of nepal imo );; line 79300 (wfb::member_of nepal intelsat );; line 79300 (wfb::member_of nepal interpol );; line 79300 (wfb::member_of nepal ioc );; line 79300 (wfb::member_of nepal iso );; line 79300 (wfb::comment member_of nepal iso "correspondent" );; line 79300 (wfb::member_of nepal itu );; line 79300 (wfb::member_of nepal nam );; line 79300 (wfb::member_of nepal saarc );; line 79300 (wfb::member_of nepal un );; line 79300 (wfb::member_of nepal unctad );; line 79300 (wfb::member_of nepal unesco );; line 79300 (wfb::member_of nepal unido );; line 79300 (wfb::member_of nepal unifil );; line 79300 (wfb::member_of nepal unosom );; line 79300 (wfb::member_of nepal unprofor );; line 79300 (wfb::member_of nepal upu );; line 79300 (wfb::member_of nepal wftu );; line 79300 (wfb::member_of nepal who );; line 79300 (wfb::member_of nepal wmo );; line 79300 (wfb::member_of nepal wto );; line 79300 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us nepal chief_of_mission "(vacant); Charge d'Affaires ad interim Pradeep KHATIWADA" );; line 79308 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us nepal chancery "2131 Leroy Place NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 79310 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us nepal telephone "[1] (202) 667-4550" );; line 79312 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us nepal |consulate(s) general| "New York" );; line 79314 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation nepal chief_of_mission "Ambassador Sandra L. VOGELGESANG" );; line 79319 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation nepal embassy "Pani Pokhari, Kathmandu" );; line 79321 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation nepal mailing_address "use embassy street address" );; line 79323 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation nepal telephone "[977] (1) 411179" );; line 79325 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation nepal fax "[977] (1) 419963" );; line 79327 (wfb::flag nepal "red with a blue border around the unique shape of two overlapping right triangles; the smaller, upper triangle bears a white stylized moon and the larger, lower triangle bears a white 12-pointed sun" );; line 79331 (wfb::overview nepal "Nepal is among the poorest and least developed countries in the world. Agriculture is the mainstay of the economy, providing a livelihood for over 90% of the population and accounting for half of GDP. Industrial activity is limited, mainly involving the processing of agricultural produce (jute, sugarcane, tobacco, and grain). Production of textiles and carpets has expanded recently and accounted for 85% of foreign exchange earnings in FY93/94. Apart from agricultural land and forests, exploitable natural resources are mica, hydropower, and tourism. Agricultural production in the late 1980s grew by about 5%, as compared with annual population growth of 2.6%. More than 40% of the population is undernourished. Since May 1991, the government has been encouraging trade and foreign investment, e.g., by eliminating business licenses and registration requirements in order to simplify domestic and foreign investment. The government also has been cutting public expenditures by reducing subsidies, privatizing state industries, and laying off civil servants. Prospects for foreign trade and investment in the 1990s remain poor, however, because of the small size of the economy, its technological backwardness, its remoteness, and susceptibility to natural disaster. The international community provides funding for 70% of Nepal's developmental budget and for 30% of total budgetary expenditures. The government, realizing that attempts to reverse three years of liberalization would jeopardize this vital support, almost certainly will move ahead with its reform program in 1995-96." );; line 79338 (wfb::estimation-date national_product nepal date_1994 );; line 79362 (wfb::national_product nepal (* 22.4e9 $) );; line 79362 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate nepal date_1994 );; line 79366 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate nepal (* 5 %) );; line 79366 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita nepal date_1994 );; line 79370 (wfb::national_product_per_capita nepal (* 1060 $) );; line 79370 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| nepal "9.6% (June 1994)" );; line 79374 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate nepal date_1994 );; line 79378 (wfb::budget nepal revenues (* 455e6 $) );; line 79383 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year budget nepal 93 );; line 79385 (wfb::budget nepal expenditures (* 854e6 $) );; line 79385 (wfb::budget nepal capital_expenditures (* 427e6 $) );; line 79385 (wfb::exports nepal (* 593e6 $) );; line 79390 (wfb::exports nepal commodities carpets n/a );; line 79393 (wfb::exports nepal commodities clothing-commodity n/a );; line 79393 (wfb::exports nepal commodities leather_goods-commodity n/a );; line 79393 (wfb::exports nepal commodities jute_goods n/a );; line 79393 (wfb::exports nepal commodities grain n/a );; line 79393 (wfb::exports nepal partners india n/a );; line 79395 (wfb::exports nepal partners us n/a );; line 79395 (wfb::exports nepal partners germany n/a );; line 79395 (wfb::exports nepal partners uk n/a );; line 79395 (wfb::imports nepal (* 899e6 $) );; line 79399 (wfb::imports nepal commodities petroleum_products-commodity (* 20 %) );; line 79401 (wfb::imports nepal commodities fertilizer-commodity (* 11 %) );; line 79401 (wfb::imports nepal commodities machinery (* 10 %) );; line 79401 (wfb::imports nepal partners india n/a );; line 79403 (wfb::imports nepal partners singapore n/a );; line 79403 (wfb::imports nepal partners japan n/a );; line 79403 (wfb::imports nepal partners germany n/a );; line 79403 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt nepal date_1993 );; line 79407 (wfb::external_debt nepal (* 2e9 $) );; line 79407 (wfb::electricity nepal capacity (* 280000 kw) );; line 79416 (wfb::electricity nepal production (* 920e6 kwh) );; line 79418 (wfb::measurement-date electricity nepal consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 79420 (wfb::electricity nepal consumption_per_capita (* 41 kwh) );; line 79420 (wfb::industry nepal small_rice );; line 79424 (wfb::industry nepal jute );; line 79424 (wfb::industry nepal sugar );; line 79424 (wfb::industry nepal oilseed_mills );; line 79424 (wfb::industry nepal cigarette );; line 79424 (wfb::industry nepal textile-industry );; line 79424 (wfb::industry nepal carpet );; line 79424 (wfb::industry nepal cement );; line 79424 (wfb::industry nepal brick_production );; line 79424 (wfb::industry nepal tourism );; line 79424 (wfb::agriculture nepal "rice, corn, wheat, sugarcane, root crops, milk, buffalo meat; not self-sufficient in food, particularly in drought years" );; line 79429 (wfb::illicit_drugs nepal "illicit producer of cannabis for the domestic and international drug markets; transit point for heroin from Southeast Asia to the West" );; line 79434 (wfb::economic_aid nepal recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $304 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1980-89), $2.23 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $30 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $286 million" );; line 79440 (wfb::abbreviation nepalese_rupee "NR" );; line 79447 (wfb::currency nepal nepalese_rupee 100 paisa );; line 79447 (wfb::exchange_rates nepal "Nepalese rupees (NRs) per US$1 - 49.884 (January 1995), 49.398 (1994), 48.607 (1993), 42.742 (1992), 37.255 (1991), 29.370 (1990)" );; line 79451 (wfb::fiscal_year nepal date_16_jul date_15_jul );; line 79456 (wfb::railroads nepal total "101 km; note - all in Terai close to Indian border" );; line 79462 (wfb::railroads nepal narrow_gauge "101 km 0.762-m gauge" );; line 79464 (wfb::highways nepal total (* 7400 km) );; line 79469 (wfb::highways nepal paved (* 3000 km) );; line 79471 (wfb::highways nepal unpaved (* 4400 km) );; line 79473 (wfb::airports nepal total 44 );; line 79482 (wfb::airports nepal |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 79484 (wfb::airports nepal |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 3 );; line 79486 (wfb::airports nepal |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 79488 (wfb::airports nepal with_paved_runways_under_914_m 28 );; line 79490 (wfb::airports nepal |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 1 );; line 79492 (wfb::airports nepal |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 10 );; line 79494 (wfb::telephone_system nepal "50,000 telephones (1990); poor telephone and telegraph service; fair radio communication service" );; line 79499 (wfb::telephone_system nepal local "NA" );; line 79502 (wfb::telephone_system nepal intercity "NA" );; line 79504 (wfb::telephone_system nepal international "international radio communication service is fair; 1 INTELSAT (Indian Ocean) earth station" );; line 79506 (wfb::radio nepal broadcast_stations am 88 );; line 79512 (wfb::radio nepal broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 79512 (wfb::radio nepal broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 79512 (wfb::radio nepal radios n/a );; line 79514 (wfb::television nepal broadcast_stations 1 );; line 79519 (wfb::television nepal televisions n/a );; line 79521 (wfb::defense_branch nepal royal_nepalese_army_nepal );; line 79527 (wfb::defense_branch nepal royal_nepalese_army_air_service_nepal );; line 79527 (wfb::defense_branch nepal nepalese_police_force_nepal );; line 79527 (wfb::manpower_availability nepal "males age 15-49 5,163,703; males fit for military service 2,682,284; males reach military age (17) annually 247,978 (1995 est.)" );; line 79532 (wfb::for-fiscal-year defense_expenditures nepal 92 );; line 79537 (wfb::defense_expenditures nepal (* 36e6 $) );; line 79537 (wfb::defense_expenditures nepal (* 1.2 %_of_gdp) );; line 79537 (wfb::markup-parameter figure netherlands "graphno=\"nl.tif\"" );; line 79543 (wfb::location netherlands "Western Europe, bordering the North Sea, between Belgium and Germany" );; line 79547 (wfb::map_references netherlands "Europe" );; line 79552 (wfb::area netherlands total_area (* 37330 sq_km) );; line 79557 (wfb::area netherlands land_area (* 33920 sq_km) );; line 79559 (wfb::area netherlands comparative_area "slightly less than twice the size of New Jersey" );; line 79561 (wfb::borders netherlands total (* 1027 km) );; line 79565 (wfb::borders netherlands belgium (* 450 km) );; line 79565 (wfb::borders netherlands germany (* 577 km) );; line 79565 (wfb::coastline netherlands (* 451 km) );; line 79569 (wfb::maritime_claims netherlands exclusive_fishing_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 79574 (wfb::maritime_claims netherlands territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 79576 (wfb::international_disputes netherlands "none" );; line 79580 (wfb::climate netherlands "temperate" );; line 79584 (wfb::climate netherlands "marine" );; line 79584 (wfb::climate netherlands "cool summers and mild winters" );; line 79584 (wfb::terrain netherlands "mostly coastal lowland and reclaimed land (polders)" );; line 79588 (wfb::terrain netherlands "some hills in southeast" );; line 79588 (wfb::natural-resource netherlands natural_gas );; line 79593 (wfb::natural-resource netherlands petroleum );; line 79593 (wfb::natural-resource netherlands fertile_soil );; line 79593 (wfb::land_use netherlands arable_land (* 26 %) );; line 79598 (wfb::land_use netherlands permanent_crops (* 1 %) );; line 79600 (wfb::land_use netherlands meadows_and_pastures (* 32 %) );; line 79602 (wfb::land_use netherlands forest_and_woodland (* 9 %) );; line 79604 (wfb::land_use netherlands other (* 32 %) );; line 79606 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land netherlands date_1989 );; line 79610 (wfb::irrigated_land netherlands (* 5500 sq_km) );; line 79610 (wfb::environment netherlands current_issues "water pollution in the form of heavy metals, organic compounds, and nutrients such as nitrates and phosphates" );; line 79615 (wfb::environment netherlands current_issues "air pollution from vehicles and refining activities" );; line 79615 (wfb::environment netherlands current_issues "acid rain" );; line 79615 (wfb::environment netherlands natural_hazards "the extensive system of dikes and dams, protects nearly one-half of the total area from being flooded" );; line 79619 (wfb::environment netherlands international_agreements "party to - Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands, Whaling" );; line 79622 (wfb::environment netherlands international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Biodiversity, Desertification, Law of the Sea" );; line 79622 (wfb::note netherlands "located at mouths of three major European rivers (Rhine, Maas or Meuse, and Schelde)" );; line 79632 (wfb::estimation-date population netherlands date_jul_1995 );; line 79639 (wfb::population netherlands 15452903 );; line 79639 (wfb::age_structure netherlands 0-14_years (* 18 %) );; line 79644 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex netherlands 0-14_years female 1382057 );; line 79644 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex netherlands 0-14_years male 1445451 );; line 79644 (wfb::age_structure netherlands 15-64_years (* 68 %) );; line 79646 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex netherlands 15-64_years female 5184224 );; line 79646 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex netherlands 15-64_years male 5369018 );; line 79646 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure netherlands 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 79648 (wfb::age_structure netherlands 65_years_and_over (* 14 %) );; line 79648 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex netherlands 65_years_and_over female 1238336 );; line 79648 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex netherlands 65_years_and_over male 833817 );; line 79648 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate netherlands date_1995 );; line 79652 (wfb::population_growth_rate netherlands (* 0.52 %) );; line 79652 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate netherlands date_1995 );; line 79656 (wfb::birth_rate netherlands (* 12.42 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 79656 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate netherlands date_1995 );; line 79660 (wfb::death_rate netherlands (* 8.48 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 79660 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate netherlands date_1995 );; line 79664 (wfb::net_migration_rate netherlands (* 1.29 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 79664 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate netherlands date_1995 );; line 79668 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate netherlands (* 6 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 79668 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth netherlands total_population (* 77.95 years) );; line 79673 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth netherlands male (* 74.9 years) );; line 79675 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth netherlands female date_1995 );; line 79677 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth netherlands female (* 81.17 years) );; line 79677 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate netherlands date_1995 );; line 79681 (wfb::total_fertility_rate netherlands (* 1.56 children_born/woman) );; line 79681 (wfb::nationality netherlands noun "Dutchman(men), Dutchwoman(women)" );; line 79686 (wfb::nationality netherlands adjective "Dutch" );; line 79688 (wfb::measurement-date ethnic-entity date_1988 );; line 79692 (wfb::ethnic-entity netherlands dutch-ethnic-entity (* 96 %) );; line 79692 (wfb::measurement-date religion date_1991 );; line 79696 (wfb::religion netherlands roman_catholic (* 34 %) );; line 79696 (wfb::religion netherlands protestant (* 25 %) );; line 79696 (wfb::religion netherlands muslim (* 3 %) );; line 79696 (wfb::religion netherlands unaffiliated (* 36 %) );; line 79696 (wfb::language netherlands dutch n/a );; line 79701 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition netherlands date_1979 );; line 79705 (wfb::literacy-condition netherlands "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 79705 (wfb::literacy netherlands total_population (* 99 %) );; line 79707 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force netherlands date_1993 );; line 79711 (wfb::total_labor_force netherlands 6.4e6 );; line 79711 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force netherlands by_occupation date_1992 );; line 79713 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1992 );; line 79713 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation netherlands services (* 71.4 %) );; line 79713 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation netherlands manufacturing_and_construction (* 24.6 %) );; line 79713 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation netherlands agriculture (* 4.0 %) );; line 79713 (wfb::names netherlands conventional_long_form "Kingdom of the Netherlands" );; line 79720 (wfb::names netherlands conventional_short_form "Netherlands" );; line 79722 (wfb::names netherlands local_long_form "Koninkrijk de Nederlanden" );; line 79724 (wfb::names netherlands local_short_form "Nederland" );; line 79726 (wfb::digraph netherlands "NL" );; line 79730 (wfb::type netherlands "constitutional monarchy" );; line 79734 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_netherlands_provinces "provinces" "provincien" "provincie" );; line 79742 (wfb::administrative_divisions netherlands adm_div_netherlands_provinces 12 );; line 79742 (wfb::administrative_division_of netherlands adm_div_netherlands_provinces "Drenthe" );; line 79742 (wfb::administrative_division_of netherlands adm_div_netherlands_provinces "Flevoland" );; line 79742 (wfb::administrative_division_of netherlands adm_div_netherlands_provinces "Friesland" );; line 79742 (wfb::administrative_division_of netherlands adm_div_netherlands_provinces "Gelderland" );; line 79742 (wfb::administrative_division_of netherlands adm_div_netherlands_provinces "Groningen" );; line 79742 (wfb::administrative_division_of netherlands adm_div_netherlands_provinces "Limburg" );; line 79742 (wfb::administrative_division_of netherlands adm_div_netherlands_provinces "Noord-Brabant" );; line 79742 (wfb::administrative_division_of netherlands adm_div_netherlands_provinces "Noord-Holland" );; line 79742 (wfb::administrative_division_of netherlands adm_div_netherlands_provinces "Overijssel" );; line 79742 (wfb::administrative_division_of netherlands adm_div_netherlands_provinces "Utrecht" );; line 79742 (wfb::administrative_division_of netherlands adm_div_netherlands_provinces "Zeeland" );; line 79742 (wfb::administrative_division_of netherlands adm_div_netherlands_provinces "Zuid-Holland" );; line 79742 (wfb::dependent_areas netherlands "Aruba, Netherlands Antilles" );; line 79748 (wfb::independence netherlands date_1579 "Spain" );; line 79752 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1938 );; line 79756 (wfb::comment national_holiday netherlands "1938" );; line 79756 (wfb::national_holiday netherlands "Queen's Day" date_30_apr );; line 79756 (wfb::constitution netherlands "17 February 1983" );; line 79760 (wfb::legal_system netherlands "civil law system incorporating French penal theory; judicial review in the Supreme Court of legislation of lower order rather than Acts of the States General; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations" );; line 79764 (wfb::comment suffrage netherlands " universal" );; line 79770 (wfb::suffrage netherlands (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 79770 (wfb::comment executive_branch netherlands chief_of_state "Heir Apparent WILLEM-ALEXANDER, Prince of Orange, son of Queen Beatrix (born 27 April 1967)" );; line 79775 (wfb::executive_branch netherlands chief_of_state "Queen BEATRIX Wilhelmina Armgard " date_30_apr_1980 );; line 79775 (wfb::comment executive_branch netherlands head_of_government "Vice Prime Minister Hans DIJKSTAL and Hans VAN MIERLO (since 22 August 1994)" );; line 79779 (wfb::executive_branch netherlands head_of_government "Prime Minister Willem (Wim) KOK " date_22_aug_1994 );; line 79779 (wfb::comment executive_branch netherlands cabinet "appointed by the prime minister" );; line 79782 (wfb::executive_branch netherlands cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 79782 (wfb::legislative_structure netherlands bicameral "legislature (Staten Generaal)" );; line 79786 (wfb::legislative_branch netherlands "First Chamber (Eerste Kamer)" "members indirectly elected by the country's 12 provincial councils for four-year terms; elections last held 9 June l991 (next to be held 9 June 1995); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (75 total) number of seats by party NA" );; line 79788 (wfb::legislative_branch netherlands "Second Chamber (Tweede Kamer)" "members directly elected for four-year terms; elections last held on 3 May 1994 (next to be held in May 1999); results - PvdA 24.3%, CDA 22.3%, VVD 20.4%, D'66 16.5%, other 16.5%; seats - (150 total) PvdA 37, CDA 34, VVD 31, D'66 24, other 24" );; line 79793 (wfb::judicial_branch netherlands "Supreme Court (De Hoge Raad)" );; line 79800 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders netherlands "Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA), Hans HELGERS; Labor (PvdA), Wim KOK; Liberal (VVD - People's Party for Freedom and Democracy), Frits BOLKESTEIN; Democrats '66 (D'66), Hans van MIERLO; a host of minor parties" );; line 79804 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups netherlands "large multinational firms; Federation of Netherlands Trade Union Movement (comprising Socialist and Catholic trade unions) and a Protestant trade union; Federation of Catholic and Protestant Employers Associations; the nondenominational Federation of Netherlands Enterprises; and Interchurch Peace Council (IKV)" );; line 79810 (wfb::member_of netherlands afdb );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands ag );; line 79818 (wfb::comment member_of netherlands ag "observer" );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands asdb );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands australia_group );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands benelux );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands bis );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands ccc );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands ce );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands cern );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands ebrd );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands ec-international-organization );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands ece );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands eclac );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands eib );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands esa );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands escap );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands fao );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands g-10 );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands gatt );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands iadb );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands iaea );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands ibrd );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands icao );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands icc );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands icftu );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands icrm );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands ida );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands iea );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands ifad );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands ifc );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands ifrcs );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands ilo );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands imf );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands imo );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands inmarsat );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands intelsat );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands interpol );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands ioc );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands iom );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands iso );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands itu );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands mtcr );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands nacc );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands nam );; line 79818 (wfb::comment member_of netherlands nam "guest" );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands nato );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands nea );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands nsg );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands oas );; line 79818 (wfb::comment member_of netherlands oas "observer" );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands oecd );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands osce );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands pca );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands un );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands unavem_ii );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands unctad );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands unesco );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands unhcr );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands unido );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands unitar );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands unomoz );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands unomur );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands unprofor );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands untso );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands unu );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands upu );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands wcl );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands weu );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands who );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands wipo );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands wmo );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands wto );; line 79818 (wfb::member_of netherlands zc );; line 79818 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us netherlands chief_of_mission "Ambassador Adriaan JACOBOVITS DE SZEGED" );; line 79829 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us netherlands chancery "4200 Linnean Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 79831 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us netherlands telephone "[1] (202) 244-5300" );; line 79833 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us netherlands fax "[1] (202) 362-3430" );; line 79835 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us netherlands |consulate(s) general| "Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, New York" );; line 79837 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation netherlands chief_of_mission "Ambassador Kirk Terry DORNBUSH" );; line 79842 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation netherlands embassy "Lange Voorhout 102, 2514 EJ The Hague" );; line 79844 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation netherlands mailing_address "PSC 71, Box 1000, the Hague; APO AE 09715" );; line 79846 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation netherlands telephone "[31] (70) 310-9209" );; line 79848 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation netherlands fax "[31] (70) 361-4688" );; line 79850 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation netherlands |consulate(s) general| "Amsterdam" );; line 79852 (wfb::flag netherlands "three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and blue; similar to the flag of Luxembourg, which uses a lighter blue and is longer" );; line 79856 (wfb::overview netherlands "This highly developed and affluent economy is based on private enterprise. The government makes its presence felt, however, through many regulations, permit requirements, and welfare programs affecting most aspects of economic activity. The trade and financial services sector contributes over 50% of GDP. Industrial activity provides about 25% of GDP and is led by the food-processing, oil-refining, and metalworking industries. The highly mechanized agricultural sector employs only 4% of the labor force, but provides large surpluses for export and the domestic food-processing industry. Indeed the Netherlands ranks third worldwide in value of agricultural exports, behind the US and France. High unemployment and a sizable budget deficit are currently the most serious economic problems. Many of the economic issues of the 1990s will reflect the course of European economic integration." );; line 79862 (wfb::estimation-date national_product netherlands date_1994 );; line 79877 (wfb::national_product netherlands (* 275.8e9 $) );; line 79877 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate netherlands date_1994 );; line 79881 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate netherlands (* 2 %) );; line 79881 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita netherlands date_1994 );; line 79885 (wfb::national_product_per_capita netherlands (* 17940 $) );; line 79885 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| netherlands "2.5% (December 1994)" );; line 79889 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate netherlands date_dec_1994 );; line 79893 (wfb::unemployment_rate netherlands (* 8.8 %) );; line 79893 (wfb::budget netherlands revenues (* 109.9e9 $) );; line 79898 (wfb::estimation-date budget netherlands date_1992 );; line 79900 (wfb::budget netherlands expenditures (* 122.1e9 $) );; line 79900 (wfb::budget netherlands capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 79900 (wfb::exports netherlands (* 153e9 $) );; line 79904 (wfb::exports netherlands commodities metal_products-commodity n/a );; line 79906 (wfb::exports netherlands commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 79906 (wfb::exports netherlands commodities processed_food_and_tobacco n/a );; line 79906 (wfb::exports netherlands commodities agricultural_products n/a );; line 79906 (wfb::measurement-date exports netherlands date_1991 );; line 79909 (wfb::comment exports netherlands "Germany 27%, Belgium-Luxembourg 15%, UK 10%" );; line 79909 (wfb::exports netherlands partners ec (* 77 %) );; line 79909 (wfb::exports netherlands partners central_and_eastern_europe (* 10 %) );; line 79909 (wfb::exports netherlands partners us (* 4 %) );; line 79909 (wfb::imports netherlands (* 137e9 $) );; line 79914 (wfb::imports netherlands commodities raw_materials_and_semifinished_products n/a );; line 79916 (wfb::imports netherlands commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 79916 (wfb::imports netherlands commodities transportation_equipment n/a );; line 79916 (wfb::imports netherlands commodities crude_oil n/a );; line 79916 (wfb::imports netherlands commodities food_products n/a );; line 79916 (wfb::measurement-date imports netherlands date_1991 );; line 79919 (wfb::comment imports netherlands "Germany 26%, Belgium-Luxembourg 14%, UK 8%" );; line 79919 (wfb::imports netherlands partners ec (* 64 %) );; line 79919 (wfb::imports netherlands partners us (* 8 %) );; line 79919 (wfb::external_debt netherlands (* 0 $) );; line 79923 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 79927 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production netherlands date_1993 );; line 79927 (wfb::industrial_production netherlands growth_rate (* -1.5 %) );; line 79927 (wfb::industrial_production netherlands accounts_for (* 25 %_of_gdp) );; line 79927 (wfb::electricity netherlands capacity (* 17520000 kw) );; line 79932 (wfb::electricity netherlands production (* 72.4e9 kwh) );; line 79934 (wfb::measurement-date electricity netherlands consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 79936 (wfb::electricity netherlands consumption_per_capita (* 5100 kwh) );; line 79936 (wfb::industry netherlands agroindustries );; line 79940 (wfb::industry netherlands metal_and_engineering_products );; line 79940 (wfb::industry netherlands electrical_machinery_and_equipment );; line 79940 (wfb::industry netherlands chemicals );; line 79940 (wfb::industry netherlands petroleum-industry );; line 79940 (wfb::industry netherlands fishing-industry );; line 79940 (wfb::industry netherlands construction-industry );; line 79940 (wfb::industry netherlands microelectronics );; line 79940 (wfb::agriculture netherlands "accounts for 4.6% of GDP; animal production predominates; crops - grains, potatoes, sugar beets, fruits, vegetables; shortages of grain, fats, and oils" );; line 79946 (wfb::illicit_drugs netherlands "important gateway for cocaine, heroin, and hashish entering Europe; European producer of illicit amphetamines and other synthetic drugs" );; line 79952 (wfb::economic_aid netherlands donor "ODA and OOF commitments (1970-89), $19.4 billion" );; line 79958 (wfb::abbreviation |Netherlands guilder, gulden, or florin| "f." );; line 79962 (wfb::currency netherlands |Netherlands guilder, gulden, or florin| 100 cents );; line 79962 (wfb::exchange_rates netherlands "Netherlands guilders, gulden, or florins (f.) per US$1 - 1.7178 (January 1995), 1.8200 (1994), 1.8573 (1993), 1.7585 (1992), 1.8697 (1991), 1.8209 (1990)" );; line 79966 (wfb::fiscal_year netherlands date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 79972 (wfb::railroads netherlands total "2,757 km" );; line 79978 (wfb::railroads netherlands standard_gauge "2,757 km km 1.435-m gauge (1,991 km electrified; 1,800 km double track) (1994)" );; line 79980 (wfb::highways netherlands total (* 104831 km) );; line 79986 (wfb::comment highways netherlands paved "2,118 km of expressway" );; line 79988 (wfb::measurement-date highways netherlands date_1992 );; line 79990 (wfb::highways netherlands (union gravel crushed_stone ) (* 12580 km) );; line 79990 (wfb::inland_waterways netherlands "6,340 km, of which 35% is usable by craft of 1,000 metric ton capacity or larger" );; line 79994 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 418 km) );; line 79999 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 965 km) );; line 79999 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 10230 km) );; line 79999 (wfb::port netherlands amsterdam-netherlands );; line 80004 (wfb::port netherlands delfzijl-netherlands );; line 80004 (wfb::port netherlands dordrecht-netherlands );; line 80004 (wfb::port netherlands eemshaven-netherlands );; line 80004 (wfb::port netherlands groningen-netherlands );; line 80004 (wfb::port netherlands haarlem-netherlands );; line 80004 (wfb::port netherlands ijmuiden-netherlands );; line 80004 (wfb::port netherlands maastricht-netherlands );; line 80004 (wfb::port netherlands rotterdam-netherlands );; line 80004 (wfb::port netherlands terneuzen-netherlands );; line 80004 (wfb::port netherlands utrecht-netherlands );; line 80004 (wfb::merchant_marine netherlands total "343 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 2,629,578 GRT/3,337,307 DWT" );; line 80010 (wfb::merchant_marine netherlands ships_by_type "bulk 2, cargo 195, chemical tanker 21, combination bulk 3, container 33, liquefied gas tanker 12, livestock carrier 1, multifunction large-load carrier 1, oil tanker 37, railcar carrier 1, refrigerated cargo 18, roll-on/roll-off cargo 14, short-sea passenger 3, specialized tanker 2" );; line 80013 (wfb::comment merchant_marine netherlands "many Dutch-owned ships are also registered on the Netherlands Antilles register" );; line 80018 (wfb::airports netherlands total 29 );; line 80024 (wfb::airports netherlands |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 80026 (wfb::airports netherlands |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 9 );; line 80028 (wfb::airports netherlands |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 5 );; line 80030 (wfb::airports netherlands |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 3 );; line 80032 (wfb::airports netherlands with_paved_runways_under_914_m 8 );; line 80034 (wfb::airports netherlands |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 3 );; line 80036 (wfb::telephone_system netherlands "9,418,000 telephones; highly developed, well maintained, and integrated; extensive redundant system of multiconductor cables, supplemented by microwave radio relay links" );; line 80041 (wfb::telephone_system netherlands local "nationwide mobile phone system" );; line 80045 (wfb::telephone_system netherlands intercity "microwave radio relay" );; line 80047 (wfb::telephone_system netherlands international "5 submarine cables; 3 INTELSAT (1 Indian Ocean and 2 Atlantic Ocean) and 1 EUTELSAT earth station" );; line 80049 (wfb::comment radio netherlands broadcast_stations am "relays 3" );; line 80055 (wfb::radio netherlands broadcast_stations am 3 );; line 80055 (wfb::comment radio netherlands broadcast_stations fm "repeaters 39" );; line 80055 (wfb::radio netherlands broadcast_stations fm 12 );; line 80055 (wfb::radio netherlands broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 80055 (wfb::radio netherlands radios n/a );; line 80057 (wfb::comment television netherlands broadcast_stations "repeaters 7" );; line 80062 (wfb::television netherlands broadcast_stations 8 );; line 80062 (wfb::television netherlands televisions n/a );; line 80064 (wfb::defense_branch netherlands royal_netherlands_army_netherlands );; line 80070 (wfb::comment defense_branch netherlands royal_netherlands_navy_netherlands "includes Naval Air Service and Marine Corps" );; line 80070 (wfb::defense_branch netherlands royal_netherlands_navy_netherlands );; line 80070 (wfb::defense_branch netherlands royal_netherlands_air_force_netherlands );; line 80070 (wfb::defense_branch netherlands royal_constabulary_netherlands );; line 80070 (wfb::manpower_availability netherlands "males age 15-49 4,177,555; males fit for military service 3,656,529; males reach military age (20) annually 94,771 (1995 est.)" );; line 80075 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures netherlands date_1994 );; line 80080 (wfb::defense_expenditures netherlands (* 7.1e9 $) );; line 80080 (wfb::defense_expenditures netherlands (* 2.2 %_of_gdp) );; line 80080 (wfb::markup-parameter figure netherlands_antilles "graphno=\"nt.tif\"" );; line 80086 (wfb::header netherlands_antilles "(part of the Dutch realm)" );; line 80086 (wfb::location netherlands_antilles "Caribbean, two island groups in the Caribbean Sea - one includes Curacao and Bonaire north of Venezuela and the other is east of the Virgin Islands" );; line 80090 (wfb::map_references netherlands_antilles "Central America and the Caribbean" );; line 80096 (wfb::area netherlands_antilles total_area (* 960 sq_km) );; line 80101 (wfb::area netherlands_antilles land_area (* 960 sq_km) );; line 80103 (wfb::area netherlands_antilles comparative_area "slightly less than 5.5 times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 80105 (wfb::comment area netherlands_antilles "includes Bonaire, Curacao, Saba, Sint Eustatius, and Sint Maarten (Dutch part of the island of Saint Martin)" );; line 80107 (wfb::coastline netherlands_antilles (* 364 km) );; line 80116 (wfb::maritime_claims netherlands_antilles exclusive_fishing_zone (* 12 nm) );; line 80121 (wfb::maritime_claims netherlands_antilles territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 80123 (wfb::international_disputes netherlands_antilles "none" );; line 80127 (wfb::climate netherlands_antilles "tropical" );; line 80131 (wfb::climate netherlands_antilles "ameliorated by northeast trade winds" );; line 80131 (wfb::terrain netherlands_antilles "generally hilly, volcanic interiors" );; line 80135 (wfb::natural-resource netherlands_antilles |phosphates (Curacao only)| );; line 80139 (wfb::natural-resource netherlands_antilles |salt (Bonaire only)| );; line 80139 (wfb::land_use netherlands_antilles arable_land (* 8 %) );; line 80144 (wfb::land_use netherlands_antilles permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 80146 (wfb::land_use netherlands_antilles meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 80148 (wfb::land_use netherlands_antilles forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 80150 (wfb::land_use netherlands_antilles other (* 92 %) );; line 80152 (wfb::irrigated_land netherlands_antilles (* n/a sq_km) );; line 80156 (wfb::environment netherlands_antilles current_issues "NA" );; line 80161 (wfb::environment netherlands_antilles natural_hazards "Curacao and Bonaire are south of Caribbean hurricane belt, so rarely threatened" );; line 80163 (wfb::environment netherlands_antilles natural_hazards "Sint Maarten, Saba, and Sint Eustatius are subject to hurricanes from July to October" );; line 80163 (wfb::environment netherlands_antilles international_agreements "party to - Whaling (extended from Netherlands)" );; line 80167 (wfb::estimation-date population netherlands_antilles date_jul_1995 );; line 80173 (wfb::population netherlands_antilles 203505 );; line 80173 (wfb::age_structure netherlands_antilles 0-14_years (* 26 %) );; line 80178 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex netherlands_antilles 0-14_years female 25349 );; line 80178 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex netherlands_antilles 0-14_years male 26577 );; line 80178 (wfb::age_structure netherlands_antilles 15-64_years (* 67 %) );; line 80180 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex netherlands_antilles 15-64_years female 69273 );; line 80180 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex netherlands_antilles 15-64_years male 67485 );; line 80180 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure netherlands_antilles 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 80182 (wfb::age_structure netherlands_antilles 65_years_and_over (* 7 %) );; line 80182 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex netherlands_antilles 65_years_and_over female 8599 );; line 80182 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex netherlands_antilles 65_years_and_over male 6222 );; line 80182 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate netherlands_antilles date_1995 );; line 80186 (wfb::population_growth_rate netherlands_antilles (* 1.06 %) );; line 80186 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate netherlands_antilles date_1995 );; line 80190 (wfb::birth_rate netherlands_antilles (* 16.23 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 80190 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate netherlands_antilles date_1995 );; line 80194 (wfb::death_rate netherlands_antilles (* 5.26 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 80194 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate netherlands_antilles date_1995 );; line 80198 (wfb::net_migration_rate netherlands_antilles (* -0.38 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 80198 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate netherlands_antilles date_1995 );; line 80202 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate netherlands_antilles (* 9 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 80202 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth netherlands_antilles total_population (* 76.94 years) );; line 80207 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth netherlands_antilles male (* 74.67 years) );; line 80209 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth netherlands_antilles female date_1995 );; line 80211 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth netherlands_antilles female (* 79.33 years) );; line 80211 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate netherlands_antilles date_1995 );; line 80215 (wfb::total_fertility_rate netherlands_antilles (* 1.9 children_born/woman) );; line 80215 (wfb::nationality netherlands_antilles noun "Netherlands Antillean(s)" );; line 80220 (wfb::nationality netherlands_antilles adjective "Netherlands Antillean" );; line 80222 (wfb::ethnic-entity netherlands_antilles mixed_african (* 85 %) );; line 80226 (wfb::ethnic-entity netherlands_antilles carib_indian n/a );; line 80226 (wfb::ethnic-entity netherlands_antilles european n/a );; line 80226 (wfb::ethnic-entity netherlands_antilles latin-ethnic-entity n/a );; line 80226 (wfb::ethnic-entity netherlands_antilles oriental n/a );; line 80226 (wfb::religion netherlands_antilles roman_catholic n/a );; line 80230 (wfb::religion netherlands_antilles protestant n/a );; line 80230 (wfb::religion netherlands_antilles jewish n/a );; line 80230 (wfb::religion netherlands_antilles seventh-day_adventist n/a );; line 80230 (wfb::language netherlands_antilles dutch n/a );; line 80234 (wfb::comment language netherlands_antilles dutch "official" );; line 80234 (wfb::language netherlands_antilles english_widely_spoken n/a );; line 80234 (wfb::language netherlands_antilles spanish-language-group n/a );; line 80234 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition netherlands_antilles date_1981 );; line 80239 (wfb::literacy-condition netherlands_antilles "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 80239 (wfb::literacy netherlands_antilles total_population (* 98 %) );; line 80241 (wfb::literacy netherlands_antilles male (* 98 %) );; line 80243 (wfb::literacy netherlands_antilles female (* 99 %) );; line 80245 (wfb::total_labor_force netherlands_antilles 89000 );; line 80249 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force netherlands_antilles by_occupation date_1983 );; line 80251 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1983 );; line 80251 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation netherlands_antilles government (* 65 %) );; line 80251 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation netherlands_antilles industry_and_commerce (* 28 %) );; line 80251 (wfb::names netherlands_antilles conventional_short_form "Netherlands Antilles" );; line 80259 (wfb::names netherlands_antilles local_short_form "Nederlandse Antillen" );; line 80263 (wfb::digraph netherlands_antilles "NT" );; line 80267 (wfb::type netherlands_antilles "part of the Dutch realm; full autonomy in internal affairs granted in 1954" );; line 80271 (wfb::capital netherlands_antilles willemstad-netherlands_antilles );; line 80276 (wfb::comment independence netherlands_antilles "part of the Dutch realm" );; line 80284 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1938 );; line 80288 (wfb::comment national_holiday netherlands_antilles "1938" );; line 80288 (wfb::national_holiday netherlands_antilles "Queen's Day" date_30_apr );; line 80288 (wfb::constitution netherlands_antilles "29 December 1954, Statute of the Realm of the Netherlands, as amended" );; line 80292 (wfb::legal_system netherlands_antilles "based on Dutch civil law system, with some English common law influence" );; line 80297 (wfb::comment suffrage netherlands_antilles " universal" );; line 80302 (wfb::suffrage netherlands_antilles (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 80302 (wfb::executive_branch netherlands_antilles head_of_government "Prime Minister Miguel POURIER " date_25_feb_1994 );; line 80310 (wfb::comment executive_branch netherlands_antilles cabinet "appointed with the advice and approval of the unicameral legislature" );; line 80312 (wfb::executive_branch netherlands_antilles cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 80312 (wfb::legislative_structure netherlands_antilles unicameral n/a );; line 80317 (wfb::legislative_branch netherlands_antilles "Staten" "elections last held on 25 February 1994 (next to be held March 1998); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (23 total) PAR 8, PNP 3, SPA 2, PDB 2, UPB 1, MAN 2, DP 1, WIPM 1, DP-St.E 1, DP-St.M 1, Nos Patria 1" );; line 80319 (wfb::comment legislative_branch netherlands_antilles "the government of Prime Minister Miguel POURIER is a coalition of several parties" );; line 80324 (wfb::judicial_branch netherlands_antilles "Joint High Court of Justice" );; line 80329 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders netherlands_antilles "political parties are indigenous to each island" );; line 80333 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders netherlands_antilles bonaire "Patriotic Union of Bonaire (UPB), Rudy ELLIS; Democratic Party of Bonaire (PDB), Franklin CRESTIAN" );; line 80335 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders netherlands_antilles curacao "Antillean Restructuring Party (PAR), Miguel POURIER; National People's Party (PNP), Maria LIBERIA-PETERS; New Antilles Movement (MAN), Domenico Felip Don MARTINA; Workers' Liberation Front (FOL), Wilson (Papa) GODETT; Socialist Independent (SI), George HUECK and Nelson MONTE; Democratic Party of Curacao (DP), Augustin DIAZ; Nos Patria, Chin BEHILIA" );; line 80338 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders netherlands_antilles saba "Windward Islands People's Movement (WIPM Saba), Will JOHNSON; Saba Democratic Labor Movement, Vernon HASSELL; Saba Unity Party, Carmen SIMMONDS" );; line 80344 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders netherlands_antilles sint_eustatius "Democratic Party of Sint Eustatius (DP-St.E), K. Van PUTTEN; Windward Islands People's Movement (WIPM); St. Eustatius Alliance (SEA), Ralph BERKEL" );; line 80348 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders netherlands_antilles sint_maarten "Democratic Party of Sint Maarten (DP-St.M), Claude WATHEY; Patriotic Movement of Sint Maarten (SPA), Vance JAMES" );; line 80352 (wfb::member_of netherlands_antilles caricom );; line 80357 (wfb::comment member_of netherlands_antilles caricom "observer" );; line 80357 (wfb::member_of netherlands_antilles eclac );; line 80357 (wfb::comment member_of netherlands_antilles eclac "associate" );; line 80357 (wfb::member_of netherlands_antilles icftu );; line 80357 (wfb::member_of netherlands_antilles interpol );; line 80357 (wfb::member_of netherlands_antilles ioc );; line 80357 (wfb::member_of netherlands_antilles unesco );; line 80357 (wfb::comment member_of netherlands_antilles unesco "associate" );; line 80357 (wfb::member_of netherlands_antilles upu );; line 80357 (wfb::member_of netherlands_antilles wmo );; line 80357 (wfb::member_of netherlands_antilles wto );; line 80357 (wfb::comment member_of netherlands_antilles wto "associate" );; line 80357 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us netherlands_antilles "none (self-governing part of the Netherlands)" );; line 80362 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation netherlands_antilles chief_of_mission "Consul General Bernard J. WOERZ" );; line 80367 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation netherlands_antilles |consulate(s) general| "Saint Anna Boulevard 19, Willemstad, Curacao" );; line 80369 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation netherlands_antilles mailing_address "P. O. Box 158, Willemstad, Curacao" );; line 80371 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation netherlands_antilles telephone "[599] (9) 61-3066" );; line 80373 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation netherlands_antilles fax "[599] (9) 61-6489" );; line 80375 (wfb::flag netherlands_antilles "white with a horizontal blue stripe in the center superimposed on a vertical red band also centered; five white five-pointed stars are arranged in an oval pattern in the center of the blue band; the five stars represent the five main islands of Bonaire, Curacao, Saba, Sint Eustatius, and Sint Maarten" );; line 80379 (wfb::overview netherlands_antilles "Tourism and offshore finance are the mainstays of the economy. The islands enjoy a high per capita income and a well-developed infrastructure as compared with other countries in the region. Almost all consumer and capital goods are imported, with Venezuela and the US being the major suppliers. Poor soils and inadequate water supplies hamper the development of agriculture." );; line 80388 (wfb::estimation-date national_product netherlands_antilles date_1993 );; line 80396 (wfb::national_product netherlands_antilles (* 1.85e9 $) );; line 80396 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate netherlands_antilles date_1994 );; line 80400 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate netherlands_antilles (* 1.8 %) );; line 80400 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita netherlands_antilles date_1993 );; line 80404 (wfb::national_product_per_capita netherlands_antilles (* 10000 $) );; line 80404 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| netherlands_antilles "1.5% (1994 est.)" );; line 80408 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate netherlands_antilles date_1993 );; line 80412 (wfb::unemployment_rate netherlands_antilles (* 13.4 %) );; line 80412 (wfb::budget netherlands_antilles revenues (* 209e6 $) );; line 80417 (wfb::estimation-date budget netherlands_antilles date_1992 );; line 80419 (wfb::budget netherlands_antilles expenditures (* 232e6 $) );; line 80419 (wfb::budget netherlands_antilles capital_expenditures (* 8e6 $) );; line 80419 (wfb::exports netherlands_antilles (* 240e6 $) );; line 80424 (wfb::exports netherlands_antilles partners us (* 39 %) );; line 80428 (wfb::exports netherlands_antilles partners brazil (* 9 %) );; line 80428 (wfb::exports netherlands_antilles partners colombia (* 6 %) );; line 80428 (wfb::imports netherlands_antilles (* 1.2e9 $) );; line 80432 (wfb::imports netherlands_antilles commodities crude_petroleum (* 64 %) );; line 80434 (wfb::imports netherlands_antilles commodities food n/a );; line 80434 (wfb::imports netherlands_antilles commodities manufactures n/a );; line 80434 (wfb::imports netherlands_antilles partners venezuela (* 26 %) );; line 80436 (wfb::imports netherlands_antilles partners us (* 18 %) );; line 80436 (wfb::imports netherlands_antilles partners colombia (* 6 %) );; line 80436 (wfb::imports netherlands_antilles partners netherlands (* 6 %) );; line 80436 (wfb::imports netherlands_antilles partners japan (* 5 %) );; line 80436 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt netherlands_antilles date_dec_1991 );; line 80440 (wfb::external_debt netherlands_antilles (* 672e6 $) );; line 80440 (wfb::industrial_production netherlands_antilles growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 80444 (wfb::electricity netherlands_antilles capacity (* 200000 kw) );; line 80449 (wfb::electricity netherlands_antilles production (* 810e6 kwh) );; line 80451 (wfb::measurement-date electricity netherlands_antilles consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 80453 (wfb::electricity netherlands_antilles consumption_per_capita (* 4054 kwh) );; line 80453 (wfb::industry netherlands_antilles |tourism (Curacao and Sint Maarten)| );; line 80457 (wfb::industry netherlands_antilles |petroleum refining (Curacao)| );; line 80457 (wfb::industry netherlands_antilles |petroleum transshipment facilities (Curacao and Bonaire)| );; line 80457 (wfb::industry netherlands_antilles |light manufacturing (Curacao)| );; line 80457 (wfb::agriculture netherlands_antilles "chief products - aloes, sorghum, peanuts, vegetables, tropical fruit" );; line 80463 (wfb::illicit_drugs netherlands_antilles "money-laundering center; transshipment point for South American cocaine and marijuana bound for the US and Europe" );; line 80468 (wfb::economic_aid netherlands_antilles recipient "Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $513 million" );; line 80474 (wfb::abbreviation |Netherlands Antillean guilder, gulden, or florin| "NAf." );; line 80479 (wfb::currency netherlands_antilles |Netherlands Antillean guilder, gulden, or florin| 100 cents );; line 80479 (wfb::exchange_rates netherlands_antilles "Netherlands Antillean guilders, gulden, or florins (NAf.) per US$1 - 1.79 (fixed rate since 1989; 1.80 fixed rate 1971-88)" );; line 80484 (wfb::fiscal_year netherlands_antilles date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 80489 (wfb::railroads netherlands_antilles "0 km" );; line 80494 (wfb::highways netherlands_antilles total (* 950 km) );; line 80499 (wfb::highways netherlands_antilles paved (* 300 km) );; line 80501 (wfb::highways netherlands_antilles (union gravel earth ) (* 650 km) );; line 80503 (wfb::port netherlands_antilles kralendijk-netherlands_antilles );; line 80507 (wfb::port netherlands_antilles philipsburg-netherlands_antilles );; line 80507 (wfb::port netherlands_antilles willemstad-netherlands_antilles );; line 80507 (wfb::merchant_marine netherlands_antilles total "110 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,044,553 GRT/1,343,842 DWT" );; line 80512 (wfb::merchant_marine netherlands_antilles ships_by_type "barge carrier 1, bulk 2, cargo 36, chemical tanker 6, combination ore/oil 1, liquefied gas tanker 4, multifunction large-load carrier 20, oil tanker 2, passenger 4, refrigerated cargo 27, roll-on/roll-off cargo 7" );; line 80515 (wfb::airports netherlands_antilles total 5 );; line 80522 (wfb::airports netherlands_antilles |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 80524 (wfb::airports netherlands_antilles |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 2 );; line 80526 (wfb::airports netherlands_antilles |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 80528 (wfb::airports netherlands_antilles with_paved_runways_under_914_m 1 );; line 80530 (wfb::telephone_system netherlands_antilles "NA telephones; generally adequate facilities" );; line 80535 (wfb::telephone_system netherlands_antilles local "NA" );; line 80537 (wfb::telephone_system netherlands_antilles intercity "extensive interisland microwave radio relay links" );; line 80539 (wfb::telephone_system netherlands_antilles international "2 submarine cables; 2 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth stations" );; line 80541 (wfb::radio netherlands_antilles broadcast_stations am 9 );; line 80546 (wfb::radio netherlands_antilles broadcast_stations fm 4 );; line 80546 (wfb::radio netherlands_antilles broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 80546 (wfb::radio netherlands_antilles radios n/a );; line 80548 (wfb::television netherlands_antilles broadcast_stations 1 );; line 80553 (wfb::television netherlands_antilles televisions n/a );; line 80555 (wfb::defense_branch netherlands_antilles royal_netherlands_navy_netherlands_antilles );; line 80561 (wfb::defense_branch netherlands_antilles marine_corps_netherlands_antilles );; line 80561 (wfb::defense_branch netherlands_antilles royal_netherlands_air_force_netherlands_antilles );; line 80561 (wfb::defense_branch netherlands_antilles national_guard_netherlands_antilles );; line 80561 (wfb::defense_branch netherlands_antilles police_force_netherlands_antilles );; line 80561 (wfb::manpower_availability netherlands_antilles "males age 15-49 56,058; males fit for military service 31,558; males reach military age (20) annually 1,734 (1995 est.)" );; line 80566 (wfb::note netherlands_antilles "defense is responsibility of the Netherlands" );; line 80571 (wfb::markup-parameter figure new_caledonia "graphno=\"nc.tif\"" );; line 80577 (wfb::header new_caledonia "(overseas territory of France)" );; line 80577 (wfb::location new_caledonia "Oceania, islands in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia" );; line 80582 (wfb::map_references new_caledonia "Oceania" );; line 80586 (wfb::area new_caledonia total_area (* 19060 sq_km) );; line 80591 (wfb::area new_caledonia land_area (* 18760 sq_km) );; line 80593 (wfb::area new_caledonia comparative_area "slightly smaller than New Jersey" );; line 80595 (wfb::coastline new_caledonia (* 2254 km) );; line 80603 (wfb::maritime_claims new_caledonia exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 80608 (wfb::maritime_claims new_caledonia territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 80610 (wfb::international_disputes new_caledonia "none" );; line 80614 (wfb::climate new_caledonia "tropical" );; line 80618 (wfb::climate new_caledonia "modified by southeast trade winds" );; line 80618 (wfb::climate new_caledonia "hot, humid" );; line 80618 (wfb::terrain new_caledonia "coastal plains with interior mountains" );; line 80622 (wfb::natural-resource new_caledonia nickel );; line 80626 (wfb::natural-resource new_caledonia chrome );; line 80626 (wfb::natural-resource new_caledonia iron-natural-resource );; line 80626 (wfb::natural-resource new_caledonia cobalt );; line 80626 (wfb::natural-resource new_caledonia manganese );; line 80626 (wfb::natural-resource new_caledonia silver );; line 80626 (wfb::natural-resource new_caledonia gold );; line 80626 (wfb::natural-resource new_caledonia lead );; line 80626 (wfb::natural-resource new_caledonia copper );; line 80626 (wfb::land_use new_caledonia arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 80632 (wfb::land_use new_caledonia permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 80634 (wfb::land_use new_caledonia meadows_and_pastures (* 14 %) );; line 80636 (wfb::land_use new_caledonia forest_and_woodland (* 51 %) );; line 80638 (wfb::land_use new_caledonia other (* 35 %) );; line 80640 (wfb::irrigated_land new_caledonia (* n/a sq_km) );; line 80644 (wfb::environment new_caledonia current_issues "NA" );; line 80649 (wfb::environment new_caledonia natural_hazards "typhoons most frequent from November to March" );; line 80651 (wfb::environment new_caledonia international_agreements "NA" );; line 80653 (wfb::estimation-date population new_caledonia date_jul_1995 );; line 80659 (wfb::population new_caledonia 184552 );; line 80659 (wfb::age_structure new_caledonia 0-14_years (* 31 %) );; line 80664 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex new_caledonia 0-14_years female 27712 );; line 80664 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex new_caledonia 0-14_years male 28677 );; line 80664 (wfb::age_structure new_caledonia 15-64_years (* 64 %) );; line 80666 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex new_caledonia 15-64_years female 58462 );; line 80666 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex new_caledonia 15-64_years male 60169 );; line 80666 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure new_caledonia 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 80668 (wfb::age_structure new_caledonia 65_years_and_over (* 5 %) );; line 80668 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex new_caledonia 65_years_and_over female 4997 );; line 80668 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex new_caledonia 65_years_and_over male 4535 );; line 80668 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate new_caledonia date_1995 );; line 80672 (wfb::population_growth_rate new_caledonia (* 1.75 %) );; line 80672 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate new_caledonia date_1995 );; line 80676 (wfb::birth_rate new_caledonia (* 22.04 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 80676 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate new_caledonia date_1995 );; line 80680 (wfb::death_rate new_caledonia (* 4.9 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 80680 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate new_caledonia date_1995 );; line 80684 (wfb::net_migration_rate new_caledonia (* 0.4 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 80684 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate new_caledonia date_1995 );; line 80688 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate new_caledonia (* 14.4 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 80688 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth new_caledonia total_population (* 74.02 years) );; line 80693 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth new_caledonia male (* 70.73 years) );; line 80695 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth new_caledonia female date_1995 );; line 80697 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth new_caledonia female (* 77.48 years) );; line 80697 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate new_caledonia date_1995 );; line 80701 (wfb::total_fertility_rate new_caledonia (* 2.57 children_born/woman) );; line 80701 (wfb::nationality new_caledonia noun "New Caledonian(s)" );; line 80706 (wfb::nationality new_caledonia adjective "New Caledonian" );; line 80708 (wfb::ethnic-entity new_caledonia melanesian (* 42.5 %) );; line 80712 (wfb::ethnic-entity new_caledonia european (* 37.1 %) );; line 80712 (wfb::ethnic-entity new_caledonia wallisian (* 8.4 %) );; line 80712 (wfb::ethnic-entity new_caledonia polynesian (* 3.8 %) );; line 80712 (wfb::ethnic-entity new_caledonia indonesian (* 3.6 %) );; line 80712 (wfb::ethnic-entity new_caledonia vietnamese (* 1.6 %) );; line 80712 (wfb::religion new_caledonia roman_catholic (* 60 %) );; line 80717 (wfb::religion new_caledonia protestant (* 30 %) );; line 80717 (wfb::language new_caledonia french n/a );; line 80721 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition new_caledonia date_1976 );; line 80725 (wfb::literacy-condition new_caledonia "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 80725 (wfb::literacy new_caledonia total_population (* 91 %) );; line 80727 (wfb::literacy new_caledonia male (* 92 %) );; line 80729 (wfb::literacy new_caledonia female (* 90 %) );; line 80731 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force new_caledonia date_1980 );; line 80735 (wfb::names new_caledonia conventional_long_form "Territory of New Caledonia and Dependencies" );; line 80744 (wfb::names new_caledonia conventional_short_form "New Caledonia" );; line 80746 (wfb::names new_caledonia local_long_form "Territoire des Nouvelle-Caledonie et Dependances" );; line 80748 (wfb::names new_caledonia local_short_form "Nouvelle-Caledonie" );; line 80750 (wfb::digraph new_caledonia "NC" );; line 80754 (wfb::type new_caledonia "overseas territory of France since 1956" );; line 80758 (wfb::capital new_caledonia noumea-new_caledonia );; line 80762 (wfb::comment independence new_caledonia "overseas territory of France; a referendum on independence will be held in 1998" );; line 80772 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1789 );; line 80777 (wfb::comment national_holiday new_caledonia "1789" );; line 80777 (wfb::constitution new_caledonia "28 September 1958 (French Constitution)" );; line 80781 (wfb::legal_system new_caledonia "the 1988 Matignon Accords grant substantial autonomy to the islands; formerly under French law" );; line 80785 (wfb::comment suffrage new_caledonia " universal" );; line 80790 (wfb::suffrage new_caledonia (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 80790 (wfb::executive_branch new_caledonia chief_of_state "President Francois MITTERRAND " date_21_may_1981 );; line 80795 (wfb::comment executive_branch new_caledonia head_of_government "President of the Territorial Congress Simon LOUECKHOTE (since 26 June 1989)" );; line 80797 (wfb::executive_branch new_caledonia cabinet "Consultative Committee" );; line 80802 (wfb::legislative_structure new_caledonia unicameral n/a );; line 80806 (wfb::legislative_branch new_caledonia "Territorial Assembly" "elections last held 11 June 1989 (next to be held July 1995); results - RPCR 44.5%, FLNKS 28.5%, FN 7%, CD 5%, UO 4%, other 11%; seats - (54 total) RPCR 27, FLNKS 19, FN 3, other 5; note - election boycotted by FULK" );; line 80808 (wfb::legislative_branch new_caledonia "French Senate" "elections last held 27 September 1992 (next to be held September 2001); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (1 total) RPCR 1" );; line 80812 (wfb::legislative_branch new_caledonia "French National Assembly" "elections last held 21 March 1993 (next to be held 21 and 28 March 1998); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (2 total) RPCR 2" );; line 80815 (wfb::judicial_branch new_caledonia "Court of Appeal" );; line 80820 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders new_caledonia "white-dominated Rassemblement pour la Caledonie dans la Republique (RPCR), conservative, Jacques LAFLEUR, president - affiliated to France's Rassemblement pour la Republique (RPR; also called South Province Party); Melanesian proindependence Kanaka Socialist National Liberation Front (FLNKS), Paul NEAOUTYINE; Melanesian moderate Kanak Socialist Liberation (LKS), Nidoish NAISSELINE; National Front (FN), extreme right, Guy GEORGE; Caledonie Demain (CD), right-wing, Bernard MARANT; Union Oceanienne (UO), conservative, Michel HEMA; Front Uni de Liberation Kanak (FULK), proindependence, Clarence UREGEI; Union Caledonian (UC), Francois BURCK, president; \"1999\" (new party calling for an autonomous state), Philippe PENTECOST" );; line 80824 (wfb::member_of new_caledonia escap );; line 80837 (wfb::comment member_of new_caledonia escap "associate" );; line 80837 (wfb::member_of new_caledonia fz );; line 80837 (wfb::member_of new_caledonia icftu );; line 80837 (wfb::member_of new_caledonia spc );; line 80837 (wfb::member_of new_caledonia wftu );; line 80837 (wfb::member_of new_caledonia wmo );; line 80837 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us new_caledonia "none (overseas territory of France)" );; line 80841 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation new_caledonia "none (overseas territory of France)" );; line 80845 (wfb::flag new_caledonia "the flag of France is used" );; line 80849 (wfb::overview new_caledonia "New Caledonia has more than 25% of the world's known nickel resources. In recent years the economy has suffered because of depressed international demand for nickel, the principal source of export earnings. Only a negligible amount of the land is suitable for cultivation, and food accounts for about 25% of imports." );; line 80854 (wfb::estimation-date national_product new_caledonia date_1991 );; line 80862 (wfb::national_product new_caledonia (* 1e9 $) );; line 80862 (wfb::measurement-date national_product_real_growth_rate new_caledonia date_1988 );; line 80866 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate new_caledonia (* 2.4 %) );; line 80866 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita new_caledonia date_1991 );; line 80870 (wfb::national_product_per_capita new_caledonia (* 6000 $) );; line 80870 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| new_caledonia "1.4% (1990)" );; line 80874 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate new_caledonia date_1989 );; line 80878 (wfb::unemployment_rate new_caledonia (* 16 %) );; line 80878 (wfb::budget new_caledonia revenues (* 224e6 $) );; line 80883 (wfb::estimation-date budget new_caledonia date_1985 );; line 80885 (wfb::budget new_caledonia expenditures (* 211e6 $) );; line 80885 (wfb::budget new_caledonia capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 80885 (wfb::exports new_caledonia (* 671e6 $) );; line 80889 (wfb::exports new_caledonia commodities nickel_metal (* 87 %) );; line 80891 (wfb::exports new_caledonia commodities nickel_ore n/a );; line 80891 (wfb::exports new_caledonia partners france (* 32 %) );; line 80893 (wfb::exports new_caledonia partners japan (* 23.5 %) );; line 80893 (wfb::exports new_caledonia partners us (* 3.6 %) );; line 80893 (wfb::imports new_caledonia (* 764e6 $) );; line 80897 (wfb::imports new_caledonia commodities foods-commodity n/a );; line 80899 (wfb::imports new_caledonia commodities fuels n/a );; line 80899 (wfb::imports new_caledonia commodities minerals n/a );; line 80899 (wfb::imports new_caledonia commodities machines-commodity n/a );; line 80899 (wfb::imports new_caledonia commodities electrical_equipment n/a );; line 80899 (wfb::imports new_caledonia partners france (* 44.0 %) );; line 80901 (wfb::imports new_caledonia partners us (* 10 %) );; line 80901 (wfb::imports new_caledonia partners australia (* 9 %) );; line 80901 (wfb::external_debt new_caledonia (* n/a $) );; line 80905 (wfb::industrial_production new_caledonia growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 80909 (wfb::electricity new_caledonia capacity (* 250000 kw) );; line 80914 (wfb::electricity new_caledonia production (* 1.2e9 kwh) );; line 80916 (wfb::measurement-date electricity new_caledonia consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 80918 (wfb::electricity new_caledonia consumption_per_capita (* 6178 kwh) );; line 80918 (wfb::industry new_caledonia nickel_mining_and_smelting );; line 80922 (wfb::agriculture new_caledonia "large areas devoted to cattle grazing; coffee, corn, wheat, vegetables; 60% self-sufficient in beef" );; line 80926 (wfb::illicit_drugs new_caledonia "illicit cannabis cultivation is becoming a principal source of income for some families" );; line 80931 (wfb::economic_aid new_caledonia recipient "Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $4.185 billion" );; line 80937 (wfb::abbreviation cfp_franc "CFPF" );; line 80942 (wfb::currency new_caledonia cfp_franc 100 centimes );; line 80942 (wfb::exchange_rates new_caledonia "Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique francs (CFPF) per US$1 - 96.25 (January 1995), 100.93 (1994), 102.96 (1993), 96.24 (1992), 102.57 (1991), 99.00 (1990); note - linked at the rate of 18.18 to the French franc" );; line 80946 (wfb::fiscal_year new_caledonia date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 80952 (wfb::railroads new_caledonia "0 km" );; line 80957 (wfb::highways new_caledonia total (* 6340 km) );; line 80962 (wfb::highways new_caledonia paved (* 634 km) );; line 80964 (wfb::measurement-date highways new_caledonia date_1987 );; line 80966 (wfb::port new_caledonia mueo-new_caledonia );; line 80970 (wfb::port new_caledonia noumea-new_caledonia );; line 80970 (wfb::port new_caledonia thio-new_caledonia );; line 80970 (wfb::merchant_marine new_caledonia total "1 roll-on/roll-off ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 3,079 GRT/724 DWT" );; line 80975 (wfb::airports new_caledonia total 36 );; line 80981 (wfb::airports new_caledonia |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 80983 (wfb::airports new_caledonia |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 3 );; line 80985 (wfb::airports new_caledonia with_paved_runways_under_914_m 19 );; line 80987 (wfb::airports new_caledonia |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 13 );; line 80989 (wfb::telephone_system new_caledonia "32,578 telephones (1987)" );; line 80994 (wfb::telephone_system new_caledonia local "NA" );; line 80996 (wfb::telephone_system new_caledonia intercity "NA" );; line 80998 (wfb::telephone_system new_caledonia international "1 INTELSAT (Pacific Ocean) satellite link" );; line 81000 (wfb::radio new_caledonia broadcast_stations am 5 );; line 81005 (wfb::radio new_caledonia broadcast_stations fm 3 );; line 81005 (wfb::radio new_caledonia broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 81005 (wfb::radio new_caledonia radios n/a );; line 81007 (wfb::television new_caledonia broadcast_stations 7 );; line 81012 (wfb::television new_caledonia televisions n/a );; line 81014 (wfb::comment defense_branch new_caledonia french_armed_forces_new_caledonia "Army, Navy, Air Force, Gendarmerie" );; line 81020 (wfb::defense_branch new_caledonia french_armed_forces_new_caledonia );; line 81020 (wfb::defense_branch new_caledonia police_force_new_caledonia );; line 81020 (wfb::note new_caledonia "defense is the responsibility of France" );; line 81029 (wfb::markup-parameter figure new_zealand "graphno=\"nz.tif\"" );; line 81035 (wfb::location new_zealand "Oceania, islands in the South Pacific Ocean, southeast of Australia" );; line 81039 (wfb::map_references new_zealand "Oceania" );; line 81044 (wfb::area new_zealand total_area (* 268680 sq_km) );; line 81049 (wfb::area new_zealand land_area (* 268670 sq_km) );; line 81051 (wfb::area new_zealand comparative_area "about the size of Colorado" );; line 81053 (wfb::comment area new_zealand "includes Antipodes Islands, Auckland Islands, Bounty Islands, Campbell Island, Chatham Islands, and Kermadec Islands" );; line 81055 (wfb::coastline new_zealand (* 15134 km) );; line 81064 (wfb::maritime_claims new_zealand exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 81071 (wfb::maritime_claims new_zealand territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 81073 (wfb::international_disputes new_zealand "territorial claim in Antarctica (Ross Dependency)" );; line 81077 (wfb::climate new_zealand "temperate with sharp regional contrasts" );; line 81081 (wfb::terrain new_zealand "predominately mountainous with some large coastal plains" );; line 81085 (wfb::natural-resource new_zealand natural_gas );; line 81089 (wfb::natural-resource new_zealand iron_ore );; line 81089 (wfb::natural-resource new_zealand sand-natural-resource );; line 81089 (wfb::natural-resource new_zealand coal );; line 81089 (wfb::natural-resource new_zealand timber );; line 81089 (wfb::natural-resource new_zealand hydropower-natural-resource );; line 81089 (wfb::natural-resource new_zealand gold );; line 81089 (wfb::natural-resource new_zealand limestone );; line 81089 (wfb::land_use new_zealand arable_land (* 2 %) );; line 81095 (wfb::land_use new_zealand permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 81097 (wfb::land_use new_zealand meadows_and_pastures (* 53 %) );; line 81099 (wfb::land_use new_zealand forest_and_woodland (* 38 %) );; line 81101 (wfb::land_use new_zealand other (* 7 %) );; line 81103 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land new_zealand date_1989 );; line 81107 (wfb::irrigated_land new_zealand (* 2800 sq_km) );; line 81107 (wfb::environment new_zealand current_issues "deforestation" );; line 81112 (wfb::environment new_zealand current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 81112 (wfb::environment new_zealand current_issues "native flora and fauna hard-hit by species introduced from outside" );; line 81112 (wfb::environment new_zealand natural_hazards "earthquakes are common, though usually not severe" );; line 81115 (wfb::environment new_zealand international_agreements "party to - Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands, Whaling" );; line 81117 (wfb::environment new_zealand international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation" );; line 81117 (wfb::note new_zealand "about 80% of the population lives in cities" );; line 81125 (wfb::estimation-date population new_zealand date_jul_1995 );; line 81131 (wfb::population new_zealand 3407277 );; line 81131 (wfb::age_structure new_zealand 0-14_years (* 23 %) );; line 81136 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex new_zealand 0-14_years female 381027 );; line 81136 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex new_zealand 0-14_years male 401285 );; line 81136 (wfb::age_structure new_zealand 15-64_years (* 65 %) );; line 81138 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex new_zealand 15-64_years female 1109402 );; line 81138 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex new_zealand 15-64_years male 1111079 );; line 81138 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure new_zealand 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 81140 (wfb::age_structure new_zealand 65_years_and_over (* 12 %) );; line 81140 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex new_zealand 65_years_and_over female 234339 );; line 81140 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex new_zealand 65_years_and_over male 170145 );; line 81140 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate new_zealand date_1995 );; line 81144 (wfb::population_growth_rate new_zealand (* 0.52 %) );; line 81144 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate new_zealand date_1995 );; line 81148 (wfb::birth_rate new_zealand (* 15.14 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 81148 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate new_zealand date_1995 );; line 81152 (wfb::death_rate new_zealand (* 8.03 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 81152 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate new_zealand date_1995 );; line 81156 (wfb::net_migration_rate new_zealand (* -1.87 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 81156 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate new_zealand date_1995 );; line 81160 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate new_zealand (* 8.6 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 81160 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth new_zealand total_population (* 76.65 years) );; line 81165 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth new_zealand male (* 73.08 years) );; line 81167 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth new_zealand female date_1995 );; line 81169 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth new_zealand female (* 80.42 years) );; line 81169 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate new_zealand date_1995 );; line 81173 (wfb::total_fertility_rate new_zealand (* 1.99 children_born/woman) );; line 81173 (wfb::nationality new_zealand noun "New Zealander(s)" );; line 81178 (wfb::nationality new_zealand adjective "New Zealand" );; line 81180 (wfb::ethnic-entity new_zealand european (* 88 %) );; line 81184 (wfb::ethnic-entity new_zealand maori-ethnic-entity (* 8.9 %) );; line 81184 (wfb::ethnic-entity new_zealand pacific_islander (* 2.9 %) );; line 81184 (wfb::measurement-date religion date_1986 );; line 81188 (wfb::religion new_zealand anglican (* 24 %) );; line 81188 (wfb::religion new_zealand presbyterian (* 18 %) );; line 81188 (wfb::religion new_zealand roman_catholic (* 15 %) );; line 81188 (wfb::religion new_zealand methodist (* 5 %) );; line 81188 (wfb::religion new_zealand baptist (* 2 %) );; line 81188 (wfb::religion new_zealand unspecified_or_none (* 33 %) );; line 81188 (wfb::language new_zealand english n/a );; line 81193 (wfb::comment language new_zealand english "official" );; line 81193 (wfb::language new_zealand maori n/a );; line 81193 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition new_zealand date_1980 );; line 81197 (wfb::literacy-condition new_zealand "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 81197 (wfb::literacy new_zealand total_population (* 99 %) );; line 81199 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force new_zealand date_jun_1991 );; line 81203 (wfb::total_labor_force new_zealand 1603500 );; line 81203 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force new_zealand by_occupation date_1992 );; line 81205 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1992 );; line 81205 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation new_zealand services (* 66.6 %) );; line 81205 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation new_zealand industry (* 22.6 %) );; line 81205 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation new_zealand agriculture (* 10.8 %) );; line 81205 (wfb::names new_zealand conventional_short_form "New Zealand" );; line 81213 (wfb::abbreviation new_zealand "NZ" );; line 81217 (wfb::digraph new_zealand "NZ" );; line 81221 (wfb::type new_zealand "parliamentary democracy" );; line 81225 (wfb::capital new_zealand wellington-new_zealand );; line 81229 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_new_zealand_counties "counties" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_divisions new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties 93 );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division |adm_div_new_zealand_districts,| "districts," "n/a" "n/a" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_divisions new_zealand |adm_div_new_zealand_districts,| 9 );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_new_zealand_town_districts "town districts" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_divisions new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_town_districts 3 );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Akaroa" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Amuri" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Ashburton" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Bay of Islands" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Bruce" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Buller" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Chatham Islands" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Cheviot" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Clifton" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Clutha" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Cook" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Dannevirke" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Egmont" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Eketahuna" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Ellesmere" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Eltham" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Eyre" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Featherston" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Franklin" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Golden Bay" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Great Barrier Island" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Grey" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Hauraki Plains" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand |adm_div_new_zealand_districts,| "Hawera" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Hawke's Bay" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Heathcote" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_town_districts "Hikurangi" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Hobson" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Hokianga" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Horowhenua" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Hurunui" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Hutt" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Inangahua" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Inglewood" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Kaikoura" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Kairanga" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Kiwitea" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Lake" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Mackenzie" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Malvern" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_town_districts "Manaia" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Manawatu" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Mangonui" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Maniototo" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Marlborough" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Masterton" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Matamata" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Mount Herbert" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Ohinemuri" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Opotiki" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Oroua" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Otamatea" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand |adm_div_new_zealand_districts,| "Otorohanga" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Oxford" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Pahiatua" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Paparua" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Patea" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Piako" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Pohangina" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Raglan" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand |adm_div_new_zealand_districts,| "Rangiora" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Rangitikei" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Rodney" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand |adm_div_new_zealand_districts,| "Rotorua" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Runanga" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Saint Kilda" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Silverpeaks" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Southland" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Stewart Island" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Stratford" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Strathallan" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Taranaki" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Taumarunui" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Taupo" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Tauranga" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand |adm_div_new_zealand_districts,| "Thames-Coromandel" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Tuapeka" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Vincent" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Waiapu" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Waiheke" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Waihemo" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Waikato" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Waikohu" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Waimairi" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Waimarino" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Waimate" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Waimate West" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Waimea" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Waipa" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand |adm_div_new_zealand_districts,| "Waipawa" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand |adm_div_new_zealand_districts,| "Waipukurau" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Wairarapa South" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Wairewa" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Wairoa" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Waitaki" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand |adm_div_new_zealand_districts,| "Waitomo" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Waitotara" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Wallace" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Wanganui" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_town_districts "Waverley" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Westland" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand |adm_div_new_zealand_districts,| "Whakatane" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Whangarei" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Whangaroa" );; line 81233 (wfb::administrative_division_of new_zealand adm_div_new_zealand_counties "Woodville" );; line 81233 (wfb::comment administrative_divisions new_zealand "there may be a new administrative structure of 16 regions (Auckland, Bay of Plenty, Canterbury, Gisborne, Hawke's Bay, Marlborough, Nelson, Northland, Otago, Southland, Taranaki, Tasman, Waikato, Wanganui-Manawatu, Wellington, West Coast) that are subdivided into 57 districts and 16 cities* (Ashburton, Auckland*, Banks Peninsula, Buller, Carterton, Central Hawke's Bay, Central Otago, Christchurch*, Clutha, Dunedin*, Far North, Franklin, Gisborne, Gore, Grey, Hamilton*, Hastings, Hauraki, Horowhenua, Hurunui, Hutt*, Invercargill*, Kaikoura, Kaipara, Kapiti Coast, Kawerau, Mackenzie, Manawatu, Manukau*, Marlborough, Masterton, Matamata Piako, Napier*, Nelson*, New Plymouth, North Shore*, Opotiki, Otorohanga, Palmerston North*, Papakura*, Porirua*, Queenstown Lakes, Rangitikei, Rodney, Rotorua, Ruapehu, Selwyn, Southland, South Taranaki, South Waikato, South Wairarapa, Stratford, Tararua, Tasman, Taupo, Tauranga, Thames Coromandel, Timaru, Upper Hutt*, Waikato, Waimakariri, Waimate, Waipa, Wairoa, Waitakere*, Waitaki, Waitomo, Wanganui, Wellington*, Western Bay of Plenty, Westland, Whakatane, Whangarei)" );; line 81249 (wfb::dependent_areas new_zealand "Cook Islands, Niue, Tokelau" );; line 81267 (wfb::independence new_zealand date_26_sep_1907 "UK" );; line 81271 (wfb::comment national_holiday new_zealand "Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty" );; line 81275 (wfb::national_holiday new_zealand "Waitangi Day" date_6_feb );; line 81275 (wfb::constitution new_zealand "no formal, written constitution; consists of various documents, including certain acts of the UK and New Zealand Parliaments; Constitution Act 1986 was to have come into force 1 January 1987, but has not been enacted" );; line 81280 (wfb::legal_system new_zealand "based on English law, with special land legislation and land courts for Maoris; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations" );; line 81286 (wfb::comment suffrage new_zealand " universal" );; line 81291 (wfb::suffrage new_zealand (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 81291 (wfb::comment executive_branch new_zealand head_of_government "Deputy Prime Minister Donald McKINNON (since 2 November 1990)" );; line 81299 (wfb::executive_branch new_zealand head_of_government "Prime Minister James BOLGER " date_29_oct_1990 );; line 81299 (wfb::comment executive_branch new_zealand cabinet "appointed by the governor general on recommendation of the prime minister" );; line 81302 (wfb::executive_branch new_zealand cabinet "Executive Council" );; line 81302 (wfb::legislative_structure new_zealand unicameral n/a );; line 81307 (wfb::legislative_branch new_zealand "House of Representatives" "(commonly called Parliament) elections last held 6 November 1993 (next to be held NA November 1996); results - NP 35.2%, NZLP 34.7%, Alliance 18.3%, New Zealand First 8.3%; seats - (99 total) NP 50, NZLP 45, Alliance 2, New Zealand First Party 2" );; line 81309 (wfb::judicial_branch new_zealand "High Court, Court of Appeal" );; line 81316 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders new_zealand "National Party (NP, government), James BOLGER; New Zealand Labor Party (NZLP, opposition), Helen CLARK; Alliance, Sandra LEE; Democratic Party, Dick RYAN; New Zealand Liberal Party, Hanmish MACINTYRE and Gilbert MYLES; Green Party, no official leader; Mana Motuhake, Martin RATA; Socialist Unity Party (SUP, pro-Soviet), Kenneth DOUGLAS; New Zealand First, Winston PETERS" );; line 81320 (wfb::comment political_parties_and_leaders new_zealand "the New Labor, Democratic, and Mana Motuhake parties formed a coalition called the Alliance Party, Sandra LEE, president, in September 1991; the Green Party joined the coalition in May 1992" );; line 81327 (wfb::member_of new_zealand anzus );; line 81333 (wfb::comment member_of new_zealand anzus "US suspended security obligations to NZ on 11 August 1986" );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand apec );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand asdb );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand australia_group );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand c );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand ccc );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand cp );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand ebrd );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand escap );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand fao );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand gatt );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand iaea );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand ibrd );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand icao );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand icftu );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand icrm );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand ida );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand iea );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand ifad );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand ifc );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand ifrcs );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand ilo );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand imf );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand imo );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand inmarsat );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand intelsat );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand interpol );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand ioc );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand iom );; line 81333 (wfb::comment member_of new_zealand iom "observer" );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand iso );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand itu );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand mtcr );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand nam );; line 81333 (wfb::comment member_of new_zealand nam "guest" );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand oecd );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand pca );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand sparteca );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand spc );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand spf );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand un );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand unavem_ii );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand unctad );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand unesco );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand unido );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand unosom );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand unprofor );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand untso );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand upu );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand wftu );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand who );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand wipo );; line 81333 (wfb::member_of new_zealand wmo );; line 81333 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us new_zealand chief_of_mission "Ambassador Lionel John WOOD" );; line 81343 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us new_zealand chancery "37 Observatory Circle NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 81345 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us new_zealand telephone "[1] (202) 328-4800" );; line 81347 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us new_zealand |consulate(s) general| "Apia (Western Samoa), Los Angeles" );; line 81349 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation new_zealand chief_of_mission "Ambassador Josiah Horton BEEMAN" );; line 81354 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation new_zealand embassy "29 Fitzherbert Terrace, Thorndon, Wellington" );; line 81356 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation new_zealand mailing_address "P. O. Box 1190, Wellington; PSC 467, Box 1, FPO AP 96531-1001" );; line 81358 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation new_zealand telephone "[64] (4) 472-2068" );; line 81360 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation new_zealand fax "[64] (4) 472-3537" );; line 81362 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation new_zealand |consulate(s) general| "Auckland" );; line 81364 (wfb::flag new_zealand "blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant with four red five-pointed stars edged in white centered in the outer half of the flag; the stars represent the Southern Cross constellation" );; line 81368 (wfb::overview new_zealand "Since 1984 the government has been reorienting an agrarian economy dependent on a guaranteed British market to a more industrialized, open free market economy that can compete on the global scene. The government has hoped that dynamic growth would boost real incomes, broaden and deepen the technological capabilities of the industrial sector, reduce inflationary pressures, and permit the expansion of welfare benefits. The initial results were mixed: inflation is down from double-digit levels, but growth was sluggish in 1988-91. In 1992-93, growth picked up to 3% annually, a sign that the new economic approach was beginning to pay off. Business confidence strengthened in 1994, and export demand picked up in the Asia-Pacific region, resulting in 6.2% growth. Inflation remains among the lowest in the industrial world." );; line 81375 (wfb::estimation-date national_product new_zealand date_1994 );; line 81389 (wfb::national_product new_zealand (* 56.4e9 $) );; line 81389 (wfb::measurement-date national_product_real_growth_rate new_zealand date_1994 );; line 81393 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate new_zealand (* 6.2 %) );; line 81393 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita new_zealand date_1994 );; line 81397 (wfb::national_product_per_capita new_zealand (* 16640 $) );; line 81397 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| new_zealand "1.6% (FY93/94)" );; line 81401 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate new_zealand date_dec_1994 );; line 81405 (wfb::unemployment_rate new_zealand (* 7.5 %) );; line 81405 (wfb::budget new_zealand revenues (* 18.94e9 $) );; line 81410 (wfb::for-fiscal-year budget new_zealand 94 );; line 81412 (wfb::budget new_zealand expenditures (* 18.82e9 $) );; line 81412 (wfb::budget new_zealand capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 81412 (wfb::comment budget new_zealand "surplus $120 million (FY94/95)" );; line 81414 (wfb::measurement-date exports new_zealand date_1994 );; line 81418 (wfb::exports new_zealand (* 11.2e9 $) );; line 81418 (wfb::exports new_zealand commodities wool n/a );; line 81420 (wfb::exports new_zealand commodities lamb n/a );; line 81420 (wfb::exports new_zealand commodities mutton n/a );; line 81420 (wfb::exports new_zealand commodities beef n/a );; line 81420 (wfb::exports new_zealand commodities fish-commodity n/a );; line 81420 (wfb::exports new_zealand commodities cheese n/a );; line 81420 (wfb::exports new_zealand commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 81420 (wfb::exports new_zealand commodities forestry_products-commodity n/a );; line 81420 (wfb::exports new_zealand commodities fruits_and_vegetables n/a );; line 81420 (wfb::exports new_zealand commodities manufactures n/a );; line 81420 (wfb::exports new_zealand partners australia (* 20 %) );; line 81423 (wfb::exports new_zealand partners japan (* 15 %) );; line 81423 (wfb::exports new_zealand partners us (* 12 %) );; line 81423 (wfb::exports new_zealand partners uk (* 6 %) );; line 81423 (wfb::measurement-date imports new_zealand date_1994 );; line 81427 (wfb::imports new_zealand (* 10.4e9 $) );; line 81427 (wfb::imports new_zealand commodities machinery_and_equipment n/a );; line 81429 (wfb::imports new_zealand commodities vehicles_and_aircraft n/a );; line 81429 (wfb::imports new_zealand commodities petroleum-commodity n/a );; line 81429 (wfb::imports new_zealand commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 81429 (wfb::imports new_zealand partners australia (* 21 %) );; line 81432 (wfb::imports new_zealand partners us (* 18 %) );; line 81432 (wfb::imports new_zealand partners japan (* 16 %) );; line 81432 (wfb::imports new_zealand partners uk (* 6 %) );; line 81432 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt new_zealand date_sep_1994 );; line 81436 (wfb::external_debt new_zealand (* 38.5e9 $) );; line 81436 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1990 );; line 81440 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production new_zealand date_1990 );; line 81440 (wfb::industrial_production new_zealand growth_rate (* 1.9 %) );; line 81440 (wfb::electricity new_zealand capacity (* 7520000 kw) );; line 81445 (wfb::electricity new_zealand production (* 30.5e9 kwh) );; line 81447 (wfb::measurement-date electricity new_zealand consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 81449 (wfb::electricity new_zealand consumption_per_capita (* 8401 kwh) );; line 81449 (wfb::industry new_zealand food_processing );; line 81453 (wfb::industry new_zealand wood_and_paper_products );; line 81453 (wfb::industry new_zealand textiles );; line 81453 (wfb::industry new_zealand machinery-industry );; line 81453 (wfb::industry new_zealand transportation_equipment-industry );; line 81453 (wfb::industry new_zealand banking );; line 81453 (wfb::industry new_zealand insurance );; line 81453 (wfb::industry new_zealand tourism );; line 81453 (wfb::industry new_zealand mining );; line 81453 (wfb::agriculture new_zealand "accounts for about 9% of GDP and about 11% of the work force; livestock predominates - wool, meat, dairy products all export earners; crops - wheat, barley, potatoes, pulses, fruits, vegetables; surplus producer of farm products; fish catch reached a record 503,000 metric tons in 1988" );; line 81458 (wfb::economic_aid new_zealand donor "ODA and OOF commitments (1970-89), $526 million" );; line 81466 (wfb::abbreviation new_zealand_dollar "NZ$" );; line 81470 (wfb::currency new_zealand new_zealand_dollar 100 cents );; line 81470 (wfb::exchange_rates new_zealand "New Zealand dollars (NZ$) per US$1 - 1.5601 (January 1995), 1.6844 (1994), 1.8495 (1993), 1.8584 (1992), 1.7265 (1991), 1.6750 (1990)" );; line 81474 (wfb::fiscal_year new_zealand date_1_jul date_30_jun );; line 81479 (wfb::railroads new_zealand total "4,716 km" );; line 81485 (wfb::railroads new_zealand narrow_gauge "4,716 km 1.067-m gauge (113 km electrified; 274 km double track)" );; line 81487 (wfb::highways new_zealand total (* 92648 km) );; line 81492 (wfb::highways new_zealand paved (* 49547 km) );; line 81494 (wfb::highways new_zealand (union gravel crushed_stone ) (* 43101 km) );; line 81496 (wfb::inland_waterways new_zealand "1,609 km; of little importance to transportation" );; line 81500 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 160 km) );; line 81504 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 1000 km) );; line 81504 (wfb::pipelines |condensate (liquified petroleum gas - LPG)| (* 150 km) );; line 81504 (wfb::port new_zealand auckland-new_zealand );; line 81509 (wfb::port new_zealand christchurch-new_zealand );; line 81509 (wfb::port new_zealand dunedin-new_zealand );; line 81509 (wfb::port new_zealand tauranga-new_zealand );; line 81509 (wfb::port new_zealand wellington-new_zealand );; line 81509 (wfb::merchant_marine new_zealand total "18 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 165,504 GRT/218,699 DWT" );; line 81514 (wfb::merchant_marine new_zealand ships_by_type "bulk 6, cargo 2, liquefied gas tanker 1, oil tanker 3, railcar carrier 1, roll-on/roll-off cargo 5" );; line 81516 (wfb::airports new_zealand total 102 );; line 81522 (wfb::airports new_zealand |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 2 );; line 81524 (wfb::airports new_zealand |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 8 );; line 81526 (wfb::airports new_zealand |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 28 );; line 81528 (wfb::airports new_zealand with_paved_runways_under_914_m 41 );; line 81530 (wfb::airports new_zealand |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 2 );; line 81532 (wfb::airports new_zealand |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 21 );; line 81534 (wfb::telephone_system new_zealand "2,110,000 telephones; excellent international and domestic systems" );; line 81539 (wfb::telephone_system new_zealand local "NA" );; line 81542 (wfb::telephone_system new_zealand intercity "NA" );; line 81544 (wfb::telephone_system new_zealand international "submarine cables extend to Australia and Fiji; 2 INTELSAT (Pacific Ocean) earth stations" );; line 81546 (wfb::radio new_zealand broadcast_stations am 64 );; line 81552 (wfb::radio new_zealand broadcast_stations fm 2 );; line 81552 (wfb::radio new_zealand broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 81552 (wfb::radio new_zealand radios n/a );; line 81554 (wfb::television new_zealand broadcast_stations 14 );; line 81559 (wfb::television new_zealand televisions n/a );; line 81561 (wfb::defense_branch new_zealand new_zealand_army_new_zealand );; line 81567 (wfb::defense_branch new_zealand royal_new_zealand_navy_new_zealand );; line 81567 (wfb::defense_branch new_zealand royal_new_zealand_air_force_new_zealand );; line 81567 (wfb::manpower_availability new_zealand "males age 15-49 883,668; males fit for military service 742,871; males reach military age (20) annually 27,162 (1995 est.)" );; line 81572 (wfb::for-fiscal-year defense_expenditures new_zealand 90 );; line 81577 (wfb::defense_expenditures new_zealand (* 792e6 $) );; line 81577 (wfb::defense_expenditures new_zealand (* 2 %_of_gdp) );; line 81577 (wfb::markup-parameter figure nicaragua "graphno=\"nu.tif\"" );; line 81583 (wfb::location nicaragua "Middle America, bordering both the Caribbean Sea and the North Pacific Ocean, between Costa Rica and Honduras" );; line 81587 (wfb::map_references nicaragua "Central America and the Caribbean" );; line 81592 (wfb::area nicaragua total_area (* 129494 sq_km) );; line 81597 (wfb::area nicaragua land_area (* 120254 sq_km) );; line 81599 (wfb::area nicaragua comparative_area "slightly larger than New York State" );; line 81601 (wfb::borders nicaragua total (* 1231 km) );; line 81605 (wfb::borders nicaragua costa_rica (* 309 km) );; line 81605 (wfb::borders nicaragua honduras (* 922 km) );; line 81605 (wfb::coastline nicaragua (* 910 km) );; line 81609 (wfb::maritime_claims nicaragua territorial_sea (* 200 nm) );; line 81618 (wfb::international_disputes nicaragua "territorial disputes with Colombia over the Archipelago de San Andres y Providencia and Quita Sueno Bank" );; line 81622 (wfb::international_disputes nicaragua "with respect to the maritime boundary question in the Golfo de Fonseca, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) referred the disputants to an earlier agreement in this century and advised that some tripartite resolution among El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua likely would be required" );; line 81622 (wfb::climate nicaragua "tropical in lowlands, cooler in highlands" );; line 81631 (wfb::terrain nicaragua "extensive Atlantic coastal plains rising to central interior mountains" );; line 81635 (wfb::terrain nicaragua "narrow Pacific coastal plain interrupted by volcanoes" );; line 81635 (wfb::natural-resource nicaragua gold );; line 81640 (wfb::natural-resource nicaragua silver );; line 81640 (wfb::natural-resource nicaragua copper );; line 81640 (wfb::natural-resource nicaragua tungsten );; line 81640 (wfb::natural-resource nicaragua lead );; line 81640 (wfb::natural-resource nicaragua zinc );; line 81640 (wfb::natural-resource nicaragua timber );; line 81640 (wfb::natural-resource nicaragua fish );; line 81640 (wfb::land_use nicaragua arable_land (* 9 %) );; line 81645 (wfb::land_use nicaragua permanent_crops (* 1 %) );; line 81647 (wfb::land_use nicaragua meadows_and_pastures (* 43 %) );; line 81649 (wfb::land_use nicaragua forest_and_woodland (* 35 %) );; line 81651 (wfb::land_use nicaragua other (* 12 %) );; line 81653 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land nicaragua date_1989 );; line 81657 (wfb::irrigated_land nicaragua (* 850 sq_km) );; line 81657 (wfb::environment nicaragua current_issues "deforestation" );; line 81662 (wfb::environment nicaragua current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 81662 (wfb::environment nicaragua current_issues "water pollution" );; line 81662 (wfb::environment nicaragua natural_hazards "destructive earthquakes, volcanoes, landslides, and occasionally severe hurricanes" );; line 81664 (wfb::environment nicaragua international_agreements "party to - Endangered Species, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection" );; line 81667 (wfb::environment nicaragua international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea" );; line 81667 (wfb::estimation-date population nicaragua date_jul_1995 );; line 81675 (wfb::population nicaragua 4206353 );; line 81675 (wfb::age_structure nicaragua 0-14_years (* 44 %) );; line 81680 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex nicaragua 0-14_years female 921356 );; line 81680 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex nicaragua 0-14_years male 930594 );; line 81680 (wfb::age_structure nicaragua 15-64_years (* 53 %) );; line 81682 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex nicaragua 15-64_years female 1146485 );; line 81682 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex nicaragua 15-64_years male 1097811 );; line 81682 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure nicaragua 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 81684 (wfb::age_structure nicaragua 65_years_and_over (* 3 %) );; line 81684 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex nicaragua 65_years_and_over female 62607 );; line 81684 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex nicaragua 65_years_and_over male 47500 );; line 81684 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate nicaragua date_1995 );; line 81688 (wfb::population_growth_rate nicaragua (* 2.61 %) );; line 81688 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate nicaragua date_1995 );; line 81692 (wfb::birth_rate nicaragua (* 33.73 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 81692 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate nicaragua date_1995 );; line 81696 (wfb::death_rate nicaragua (* 6.45 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 81696 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate nicaragua date_1995 );; line 81700 (wfb::net_migration_rate nicaragua (* -1.19 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 81700 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate nicaragua date_1995 );; line 81704 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate nicaragua (* 50.3 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 81704 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth nicaragua total_population (* 64.54 years) );; line 81709 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth nicaragua male (* 61.67 years) );; line 81711 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth nicaragua female date_1995 );; line 81713 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth nicaragua female (* 67.53 years) );; line 81713 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate nicaragua date_1995 );; line 81717 (wfb::total_fertility_rate nicaragua (* 4.17 children_born/woman) );; line 81717 (wfb::nationality nicaragua noun "Nicaraguan(s)" );; line 81722 (wfb::nationality nicaragua adjective "Nicaraguan" );; line 81724 (wfb::ethnic-entity nicaragua |mestizo (mixed Amerindian and Caucasian)| (* 69 %) );; line 81728 (wfb::ethnic-entity nicaragua white (* 17 %) );; line 81728 (wfb::ethnic-entity nicaragua black (* 9 %) );; line 81728 (wfb::ethnic-entity nicaragua indian (* 5 %) );; line 81728 (wfb::religion nicaragua roman_catholic (* 95 %) );; line 81733 (wfb::religion nicaragua protestant (* 5 %) );; line 81733 (wfb::language nicaragua spanish-language-group n/a );; line 81737 (wfb::comment language nicaragua spanish-language-group "official" );; line 81737 (wfb::comment languages nicaragua "English- and Indian-speaking minorities on Atlantic coast" );; line 81739 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition nicaragua date_1971 );; line 81743 (wfb::literacy-condition nicaragua "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 81743 (wfb::literacy nicaragua total_population (* 57 %) );; line 81745 (wfb::literacy nicaragua male (* 57 %) );; line 81747 (wfb::literacy nicaragua female (* 57 %) );; line 81749 (wfb::total_labor_force nicaragua 1.086e6 );; line 81753 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force nicaragua by_occupation date_1986 );; line 81755 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1986 );; line 81755 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation nicaragua services (* 43 %) );; line 81755 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation nicaragua agriculture (* 44 %) );; line 81755 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation nicaragua industry (* 13 %) );; line 81755 (wfb::names nicaragua conventional_long_form "Republic of Nicaragua" );; line 81761 (wfb::names nicaragua conventional_short_form "Nicaragua" );; line 81763 (wfb::names nicaragua local_long_form "Republica de Nicaragua" );; line 81765 (wfb::names nicaragua local_short_form "Nicaragua" );; line 81767 (wfb::digraph nicaragua "NU" );; line 81771 (wfb::type nicaragua "republic" );; line 81775 (wfb::capital nicaragua managua-nicaragua );; line 81779 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_nicaragua_departments "departments" "departamentos" "departamento" );; line 81783 (wfb::administrative_divisions nicaragua adm_div_nicaragua_departments 16 );; line 81783 (wfb::administrative_division_of nicaragua adm_div_nicaragua_departments "Boaco" );; line 81783 (wfb::administrative_division_of nicaragua adm_div_nicaragua_departments "Carazo" );; line 81783 (wfb::administrative_division_of nicaragua adm_div_nicaragua_departments "Chinandega" );; line 81783 (wfb::administrative_division_of nicaragua adm_div_nicaragua_departments "Chontales" );; line 81783 (wfb::administrative_division_of nicaragua adm_div_nicaragua_departments "Esteli" );; line 81783 (wfb::administrative_division_of nicaragua adm_div_nicaragua_departments "Granada" );; line 81783 (wfb::administrative_division_of nicaragua adm_div_nicaragua_departments "Jinotega" );; line 81783 (wfb::administrative_division_of nicaragua adm_div_nicaragua_departments "Leon" );; line 81783 (wfb::administrative_division_of nicaragua adm_div_nicaragua_departments "Madriz" );; line 81783 (wfb::administrative_division_of nicaragua adm_div_nicaragua_departments "Managua" );; line 81783 (wfb::administrative_division_of nicaragua adm_div_nicaragua_departments "Masaya" );; line 81783 (wfb::administrative_division_of nicaragua adm_div_nicaragua_departments "Matagalpa" );; line 81783 (wfb::administrative_division_of nicaragua adm_div_nicaragua_departments "Nueva Segovia" );; line 81783 (wfb::administrative_division_of nicaragua adm_div_nicaragua_departments "Rio San Juan" );; line 81783 (wfb::administrative_division_of nicaragua adm_div_nicaragua_departments "Rivas" );; line 81783 (wfb::administrative_division_of nicaragua adm_div_nicaragua_departments "Zelaya" );; line 81783 (wfb::independence nicaragua date_15_sep_1821 "Spain" );; line 81789 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1821 );; line 81793 (wfb::comment national_holiday nicaragua "1821" );; line 81793 (wfb::national_holiday nicaragua "Independence Day" date_15_sep );; line 81793 (wfb::constitution nicaragua "9 January 1987" );; line 81797 (wfb::legal_system nicaragua "civil law system; Supreme Court may review administrative acts" );; line 81801 (wfb::comment suffrage nicaragua " universal" );; line 81805 (wfb::suffrage nicaragua (* 16 years_of_age) );; line 81805 (wfb::comment executive_branch nicaragua chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "Vice President Virgilio GODOY Reyes (since 25 April 1990)" );; line 81810 (wfb::comment executive_branch nicaragua chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "election last held 25 February 1990 (next to be held November 1996)" );; line 81810 (wfb::comment executive_branch nicaragua chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "results - Violeta Barrios de CHAMORRO (UNO) 54.7%, Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra (FSLN) 40.8%, other 4.5%" );; line 81810 (wfb::executive_branch nicaragua chief_of_state "President Violeta Barrios de CHAMORRO " date_25_apr_1990 );; line 81810 (wfb::executive_branch nicaragua head_of_government "President Violeta Barrios de CHAMORRO " date_25_apr_1990 );; line 81810 (wfb::executive_branch nicaragua cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 81815 (wfb::legislative_structure nicaragua unicameral n/a );; line 81819 (wfb::legislative_branch nicaragua "National Assembly (Asamblea Nacional)" "elections last held 25 February 1990 (next to be held November 1996); results - UNO 53.9%, FSLN 40.8%, PSC 1.6%, MUR 1.0%; seats - (92 total) UNO 41, FSLN 39, \"Centrist\" (Dissident UNO) 12" );; line 81821 (wfb::judicial_branch nicaragua "Supreme Court (Corte Suprema)" );; line 81827 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders nicaragua far_right "Liberal Constitutionalist Party* (PLC), Arnold ALEMAN; Conservative Popular Alliance Party (APC), Myriam ARGUELLO; Central American Unionist Party (PUCA), Blanca ROJAS Echaverry; Independent Liberal Party for National Unity (PLUIN), Alfonso MOCADO Guillen; Conservative Party of Nicaragua (PCN - formed in 1992 by the merger of the Conservative Social Party (PSC) with the Democratic Conservative Party (PCD) and PCL, the Conservative party of Labor), Fernando AGUERO; National Justice Party (PJN), Jorge DIAZ Cruz; National Conservative Party* (PNC), Adolfo CALERO" );; line 81832 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders nicaragua center_right "Neoliberal Party* (PALI), Adolfo GARCIA Esquivel; National Action Party* (PAN), Delvis MONTIEL; Independent Liberal Party* (PLI), Wilfredo NAVARRO" );; line 81841 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders nicaragua center_left "Christian Democratic Union (UDC), Luis Humberto GUZMAN; Nicaraguan Democratic Movement (MDN), Roberto URROZ; Social Democratic Party (PSD), Adolfo JARQUIN; Movement of Revolutionary Unity (MUR), Pablo HERNANDEZ; Sandinista Renovation Movement (MRS), Sergio RAMIREZ; Democratic Action Movement (MAD), Eden PASTORA; Communist Party of Nicaragua* (PCdeN), Eli ALTIMIRANO Perez" );; line 81845 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders nicaragua far_left "Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN), Daniel ORTEGA; Revolutionary Workers' Party (PRT), Bonifacio MIRANDA; Popular Action Movement-Marxist-Leninist (MAP-ML), Isidro TELLEZ; Nicaraguan Socialist Party (PSN), Gustavo TABLADA; Unidad Nicaraguense de Obreros, Campesinos, y Profesionales (UNOCP), Rosalio GONZALEZ Urbina" );; line 81852 (wfb::comment political_parties_and_leaders nicaragua "parties marked with an asterisk belong to the National Opposition Union (UNO), an alliance of moderate parties, which, however, does not always follow a unified political agenda" );; line 81858 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups nicaragua "National Workers Front (FNT) is a Sandinista umbrella group of eight labor unions: Sandinista Workers' Central (CST); Farm Workers Association (ATC); Health Workers Federation (FETASALUD); National Union of Employees (UNE); National Association of Educators of Nicaragua (ANDEN); Union of Journalists of Nicaragua (UPN); Heroes and Martyrs Confederation of Professional Associations (CONAPRO); and the National Union of Farmers and Ranchers (UNAG); Permanent Congress of Workers (CPT) is an umbrella group of four non-Sandinista labor unions: Confederation of Labor Unification (CUS); Autonomous Nicaraguan Workers' Central (CTN-A); Independent General Confederation of Labor (CGT-I); and Labor Action and Unity Central (CAUS); Nicaraguan Workers' Central (CTN) is an independent labor union; Superior Council of Private Enterprise (COSEP) is a confederation of business groups" );; line 81864 (wfb::member_of nicaragua bcie );; line 81879 (wfb::member_of nicaragua cacm );; line 81879 (wfb::member_of nicaragua eclac );; line 81879 (wfb::member_of nicaragua fao );; line 81879 (wfb::member_of nicaragua g-77 );; line 81879 (wfb::member_of nicaragua gatt );; line 81879 (wfb::member_of nicaragua iadb );; line 81879 (wfb::member_of nicaragua iaea );; line 81879 (wfb::member_of nicaragua ibrd );; line 81879 (wfb::member_of nicaragua icao );; line 81879 (wfb::member_of nicaragua icftu );; line 81879 (wfb::member_of nicaragua icrm );; line 81879 (wfb::member_of nicaragua ida );; line 81879 (wfb::member_of nicaragua ifad );; line 81879 (wfb::member_of nicaragua ifc );; line 81879 (wfb::member_of nicaragua ifrcs );; line 81879 (wfb::member_of nicaragua ilo );; line 81879 (wfb::member_of nicaragua imf );; line 81879 (wfb::member_of nicaragua imo );; line 81879 (wfb::member_of nicaragua intelsat );; line 81879 (wfb::member_of nicaragua interpol );; line 81879 (wfb::member_of nicaragua ioc );; line 81879 (wfb::member_of nicaragua iom );; line 81879 (wfb::member_of nicaragua itu );; line 81879 (wfb::member_of nicaragua laes );; line 81879 (wfb::member_of nicaragua laia );; line 81879 (wfb::comment member_of nicaragua laia "observer" );; line 81879 (wfb::member_of nicaragua nam );; line 81879 (wfb::member_of nicaragua oas );; line 81879 (wfb::member_of nicaragua opanal );; line 81879 (wfb::member_of nicaragua pca );; line 81879 (wfb::member_of nicaragua un );; line 81879 (wfb::member_of nicaragua unctad );; line 81879 (wfb::member_of nicaragua unesco );; line 81879 (wfb::member_of nicaragua unhcr );; line 81879 (wfb::member_of nicaragua unido );; line 81879 (wfb::member_of nicaragua upu );; line 81879 (wfb::member_of nicaragua wcl );; line 81879 (wfb::member_of nicaragua wftu );; line 81879 (wfb::member_of nicaragua who );; line 81879 (wfb::member_of nicaragua wipo );; line 81879 (wfb::member_of nicaragua wmo );; line 81879 (wfb::member_of nicaragua wto );; line 81879 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us nicaragua chief_of_mission "Ambassador Roberto Genaro MAYORGA Cortes" );; line 81887 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us nicaragua chancery "1627 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20009" );; line 81889 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us nicaragua telephone "[1] (202) 939-6570" );; line 81891 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us nicaragua |consulate(s) general| "Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New Orleans, New York, San Francisco" );; line 81893 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation nicaragua chief_of_mission "Ambassador John F. MAISTO" );; line 81899 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation nicaragua embassy "Kilometer 4.5 Carretera Sur., Managua" );; line 81901 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation nicaragua mailing_address "APO AA 34021" );; line 81903 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation nicaragua telephone "[505] (2) 666010, 666013, 666015 through 18, 666026, 666027, 666032 through 34" );; line 81905 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation nicaragua fax "[505] (2) 666046" );; line 81908 (wfb::flag nicaragua "three equal horizontal bands of blue (top), white, and blue with the national coat of arms centered in the white band; the coat of arms features a triangle encircled by the words REPUBLICA DE NICARAGUA on the top and AMERICA CENTRAL on the bottom; similar to the flag of El Salvador, which features a round emblem encircled by the words REPUBLICA DE EL SALVADOR EN LA AMERICA CENTRAL centered in the white band; also similar to the flag of Honduras, which has five blue stars arranged in an X pattern centered in the white band" );; line 81912 (wfb::overview nicaragua "Since March 1991, when President CHAMORRO began an ambitious economic stabilization program, Nicaragua has had considerable success in reducing inflation and obtaining substantial economic aid from abroad. Annual inflation fell from more than 750% in 1991 to less than 5% in 1992. Inflation rose again to an estimated 20% in 1993, although this increase was due almost entirely to a large currency devaluation in January. As of early 1994, the government was close to finalizing an enhanced structural adjustment facility with the IMF, after the previous standby facility expired in early 1993. Despite these successes, achieving overall economic growth in an economy scarred by misguided economic values and civil war during the 1980s has proved elusive. Economic growth was flat in 1992 and slightly negative in 1993. Nicaragua's per capita foreign debt is one of the highest in the world; nonetheless, as of late 1993, Nicaragua was current on its post-1988 debt as well as on payments to the international financial institutions. Definition of property rights remains a problem; ownership disputes over large tracts of land, businesses, and homes confiscated by the previous government have yet to be resolved. A rise in exports of coffee and other products led growth in 1994." );; line 81924 (wfb::estimation-date national_product nicaragua date_1994 );; line 81944 (wfb::national_product nicaragua (* 6.4e9 $) );; line 81944 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate nicaragua date_1994 );; line 81948 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate nicaragua (* 3.2 %) );; line 81948 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita nicaragua date_1994 );; line 81952 (wfb::national_product_per_capita nicaragua (* 1570 $) );; line 81952 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| nicaragua "19.5% (1994 est.)" );; line 81956 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate nicaragua date_1993 );; line 81960 (wfb::measurement-date budget nicaragua date_1992 );; line 81965 (wfb::measurement-date budget nicaragua revenues date_1992 );; line 81965 (wfb::budget nicaragua revenues (* 375e6 $) );; line 81965 (wfb::estimation-date budget nicaragua date_1991 );; line 81967 (wfb::measurement-date budget nicaragua date_1992 );; line 81967 (wfb::measurement-date budget nicaragua expenditures date_1992 );; line 81967 (wfb::budget nicaragua expenditures (* 410e6 $) );; line 81967 (wfb::budget nicaragua capital_expenditures (* 115e6 $) );; line 81967 (wfb::exports nicaragua (* 329e6 $) );; line 81972 (wfb::exports nicaragua commodities meat n/a );; line 81974 (wfb::exports nicaragua commodities coffee n/a );; line 81974 (wfb::exports nicaragua commodities cotton n/a );; line 81974 (wfb::exports nicaragua commodities sugar-commodity n/a );; line 81974 (wfb::exports nicaragua commodities seafood n/a );; line 81974 (wfb::exports nicaragua commodities gold-commodity n/a );; line 81974 (wfb::exports nicaragua commodities bananas n/a );; line 81974 (wfb::exports nicaragua partners us n/a );; line 81976 (wfb::exports nicaragua partners central_america n/a );; line 81976 (wfb::exports nicaragua partners canada n/a );; line 81976 (wfb::exports nicaragua partners germany n/a );; line 81976 (wfb::imports nicaragua (* 786e6 $) );; line 81980 (wfb::imports nicaragua commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 81982 (wfb::imports nicaragua commodities machinery_and_equipment n/a );; line 81982 (wfb::imports nicaragua commodities petroleum_products-commodity n/a );; line 81982 (wfb::imports nicaragua partners central_america n/a );; line 81984 (wfb::imports nicaragua partners us n/a );; line 81984 (wfb::imports nicaragua partners venezuela n/a );; line 81984 (wfb::imports nicaragua partners japan n/a );; line 81984 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt nicaragua date_1993 );; line 81988 (wfb::external_debt nicaragua (* 11e9 $) );; line 81988 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 81992 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production nicaragua date_1993 );; line 81992 (wfb::industrial_production nicaragua growth_rate (* -0.8 %) );; line 81992 (wfb::industrial_production nicaragua accounts_for (* 26 %_of_gdp) );; line 81992 (wfb::electricity nicaragua capacity (* 460000 kw) );; line 81997 (wfb::electricity nicaragua production (* 1.6e9 kwh) );; line 81999 (wfb::measurement-date electricity nicaragua consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 82001 (wfb::electricity nicaragua consumption_per_capita (* 376 kwh) );; line 82001 (wfb::industry nicaragua food_processing );; line 82005 (wfb::industry nicaragua chemicals );; line 82005 (wfb::industry nicaragua metal_products );; line 82005 (wfb::industry nicaragua textiles );; line 82005 (wfb::industry nicaragua clothing );; line 82005 (wfb::industry nicaragua petroleum_refining_and_distribution );; line 82005 (wfb::industry nicaragua beverages-industry );; line 82005 (wfb::industry nicaragua footwear-industry );; line 82005 (wfb::agriculture nicaragua "crops account for about 15% of GDP; export crops - coffee, bananas, sugarcane, cotton; food crops - rice, corn, cassava, citrus fruit, beans; also produces a variety of animal products - beef, veal, pork, poultry, dairy products; normally self-sufficient in food" );; line 82010 (wfb::illicit_drugs nicaragua "transshipment point for cocaine destined for the US" );; line 82017 (wfb::economic_aid nicaragua recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-92), $620 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $1.381 billion" );; line 82022 (wfb::abbreviation gold_cordoba "C$" );; line 82028 (wfb::currency nicaragua gold_cordoba 100 centavos );; line 82028 (wfb::exchange_rates nicaragua "gold cordobas (C$) per US$1 - 7.08 (December 1994), 6.72 (1994), 5.62 (1993), 5.00 (1992); note - gold cordoba replaced cordoba as Nicaragua's currency in 1991 (exchange rate of old cordoba had reached per US$1 - 25,000,000 by March 1992)" );; line 82032 (wfb::fiscal_year nicaragua date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 82039 (wfb::railroads nicaragua total "376 km; note - majority of system is nonoperational" );; line 82045 (wfb::railroads nicaragua standard_gauge "3 km 1.435-m gauge line at Puerto Cabezas; note - does not connect with mainline" );; line 82047 (wfb::railroads nicaragua narrow_gauge "373 km 1.067-m gauge" );; line 82050 (wfb::highways nicaragua total (* 15286 km) );; line 82055 (wfb::highways nicaragua paved (* 1598 km) );; line 82057 (wfb::highways nicaragua unpaved (* 13688 km) );; line 82059 (wfb::comment highways nicaragua "there is a 368.5 km portion of the Pan-American Highway which is not in the total" );; line 82061 (wfb::inland_waterways nicaragua "2,220 km, including 2 large lakes" );; line 82066 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 56 km) );; line 82070 (wfb::port nicaragua bluefields-nicaragua );; line 82074 (wfb::port nicaragua corinto-nicaragua );; line 82074 (wfb::port nicaragua el_bluff-nicaragua );; line 82074 (wfb::port nicaragua puerto_cabezas-nicaragua );; line 82074 (wfb::port nicaragua puerto_sandino-nicaragua );; line 82074 (wfb::port nicaragua rama-nicaragua );; line 82074 (wfb::port nicaragua san_juan_del_sur-nicaragua );; line 82074 (wfb::merchant_marine nicaragua "none" );; line 82079 (wfb::airports nicaragua total 198 );; line 82084 (wfb::airports nicaragua |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 82086 (wfb::airports nicaragua |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 82088 (wfb::airports nicaragua |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 3 );; line 82090 (wfb::airports nicaragua |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 3 );; line 82092 (wfb::airports nicaragua with_paved_runways_under_914_m 149 );; line 82094 (wfb::airports nicaragua |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 2 );; line 82096 (wfb::airports nicaragua |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 39 );; line 82098 (wfb::telephone_system nicaragua "60,000 telephones; low-capacity radio relay and wire system being expanded; connection into Central American Microwave System" );; line 82103 (wfb::telephone_system nicaragua local "NA" );; line 82106 (wfb::telephone_system nicaragua intercity "wire and radio relay" );; line 82108 (wfb::telephone_system nicaragua international "1 Intersputnik and 1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station" );; line 82110 (wfb::radio nicaragua broadcast_stations am 45 );; line 82115 (wfb::radio nicaragua broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 82115 (wfb::radio nicaragua broadcast_stations shortwave 3 );; line 82115 (wfb::radio nicaragua radios n/a );; line 82117 (wfb::television nicaragua broadcast_stations 7 );; line 82122 (wfb::television nicaragua televisions n/a );; line 82124 (wfb::defense_branch nicaragua ground_forces_nicaragua );; line 82130 (wfb::defense_branch nicaragua navy_nicaragua );; line 82130 (wfb::defense_branch nicaragua air_force_nicaragua );; line 82130 (wfb::comment branches nicaragua "total strength of all branches - 14,500" );; line 82132 (wfb::manpower_availability nicaragua "males age 15-49 982,345; males fit for military service 604,721; males reach military age (18) annually 47,064 (1995 est.)" );; line 82136 (wfb::markup-parameter figure niger "graphno=\"ng.tif\"" );; line 82148 (wfb::location niger "Western Africa, southeast of Algeria" );; line 82152 (wfb::map_references niger "Africa" );; line 82156 (wfb::area niger total_area (* 1.267e6 sq_km) );; line 82161 (wfb::area niger land_area (* 1266700 sq_km) );; line 82163 (wfb::area niger comparative_area "slightly less than twice the size of Texas" );; line 82165 (wfb::borders niger total (* 5697 km) );; line 82169 (wfb::borders niger algeria (* 956 km) );; line 82169 (wfb::borders niger benin (* 266 km) );; line 82169 (wfb::borders niger burkina (* 628 km) );; line 82169 (wfb::borders niger chad (* 1175 km) );; line 82169 (wfb::borders niger libya (* 354 km) );; line 82169 (wfb::borders niger mali (* 821 km) );; line 82169 (wfb::borders niger nigeria (* 1497 km) );; line 82169 (wfb::comment coastline niger "landlocked" );; line 82174 (wfb::coastline niger (* 0 km) );; line 82174 (wfb::maritime_claims niger "none; landlocked" );; line 82178 (wfb::international_disputes niger "Libya claims about 19,400 sq km in northern Niger" );; line 82182 (wfb::international_disputes niger "demarcation of international boundaries in Lake Chad, the lack of which has led to border incidents in the past, is completed and awaiting ratification by Cameroon, Chad, Niger, and Nigeria" );; line 82182 (wfb::international_disputes niger "Burkina and Mali are proceeding with boundary demarcation, including the tripoint with Niger" );; line 82182 (wfb::climate niger "desert" );; line 82190 (wfb::climate niger "mostly hot, dry, dusty" );; line 82190 (wfb::climate niger "tropical in extreme south" );; line 82190 (wfb::terrain niger "predominately desert plains and sand dunes" );; line 82194 (wfb::terrain niger "flat to rolling plains in south" );; line 82194 (wfb::terrain niger "hills in north" );; line 82194 (wfb::natural-resource niger uranium );; line 82199 (wfb::natural-resource niger coal );; line 82199 (wfb::natural-resource niger iron_ore );; line 82199 (wfb::natural-resource niger tin );; line 82199 (wfb::natural-resource niger phosphates );; line 82199 (wfb::land_use niger arable_land (* 3 %) );; line 82204 (wfb::land_use niger permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 82206 (wfb::land_use niger meadows_and_pastures (* 7 %) );; line 82208 (wfb::land_use niger forest_and_woodland (* 2 %) );; line 82210 (wfb::land_use niger other (* 88 %) );; line 82212 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land niger date_1989 );; line 82216 (wfb::irrigated_land niger (* 320 sq_km) );; line 82216 (wfb::environment niger current_issues "overgrazing" );; line 82221 (wfb::environment niger current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 82221 (wfb::environment niger current_issues "deforestation" );; line 82221 (wfb::environment niger current_issues "desertification" );; line 82221 (wfb::environment niger current_issues "wildlife populations (such as elephant, hippopotamus, and lion) threatened because of poaching and habitat destruction" );; line 82221 (wfb::environment niger natural_hazards "recurring droughts" );; line 82225 (wfb::environment niger international_agreements "party to - Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands" );; line 82227 (wfb::environment niger international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Law of the Sea" );; line 82227 (wfb::note niger "landlocked" );; line 82233 (wfb::estimation-date population niger date_jul_1995 );; line 82239 (wfb::population niger 9280208 );; line 82239 (wfb::age_structure niger 0-14_years (* 49 %) );; line 82244 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex niger 0-14_years female 2275338 );; line 82244 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex niger 0-14_years male 2275999 );; line 82244 (wfb::age_structure niger 15-64_years (* 49 %) );; line 82246 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex niger 15-64_years female 2314857 );; line 82246 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex niger 15-64_years male 2188938 );; line 82246 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure niger 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 82248 (wfb::age_structure niger 65_years_and_over (* 2 %) );; line 82248 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex niger 65_years_and_over female 107432 );; line 82248 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex niger 65_years_and_over male 117644 );; line 82248 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate niger date_1995 );; line 82252 (wfb::population_growth_rate niger (* 3.4 %) );; line 82252 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate niger date_1995 );; line 82256 (wfb::birth_rate niger (* 54.8 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 82256 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate niger date_1995 );; line 82260 (wfb::death_rate niger (* 20.8 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 82260 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate niger date_1995 );; line 82264 (wfb::net_migration_rate niger (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 82264 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate niger date_1995 );; line 82268 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate niger (* 109.3 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 82268 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth niger total_population (* 45.07 years) );; line 82273 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth niger male (* 43.42 years) );; line 82275 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth niger female date_1995 );; line 82277 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth niger female (* 46.77 years) );; line 82277 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate niger date_1995 );; line 82281 (wfb::total_fertility_rate niger (* 7.35 children_born/woman) );; line 82281 (wfb::nationality niger noun "Nigerien(s)" );; line 82286 (wfb::nationality niger adjective "Nigerien" );; line 82288 (wfb::ethnic-entity niger hausa (* 56 %) );; line 82292 (wfb::ethnic-entity niger djerma (* 22 %) );; line 82292 (wfb::ethnic-entity niger fula-ethnic-entity (* 8.5 %) );; line 82292 (wfb::ethnic-entity niger tuareg (* 8 %) );; line 82292 (wfb::ethnic-entity niger |Beri Beri (Kanouri)| (* 4.3 %) );; line 82292 (wfb::ethnic-entity niger union17 (* 1.2 %) );; line 82292 (wfb::religion niger muslim (* 80 %) );; line 82297 (wfb::religion niger remainder_indigenous_beliefs_and_christians n/a );; line 82297 (wfb::language niger french n/a );; line 82301 (wfb::comment language niger french "official" );; line 82301 (wfb::language niger hausa-language-group n/a );; line 82301 (wfb::language niger djerma-language-group n/a );; line 82301 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition niger date_1988 );; line 82305 (wfb::literacy-condition niger "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 82305 (wfb::literacy niger total_population (* 11 %) );; line 82307 (wfb::literacy niger male (* 17 %) );; line 82309 (wfb::literacy niger female (* 5 %) );; line 82311 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force niger date_1982 );; line 82315 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation niger agriculture (* 90 %) );; line 82317 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation niger industry_and_commerce (* 6 %) );; line 82317 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation niger government (* 4 %) );; line 82317 (wfb::names niger conventional_long_form "Republic of Niger" );; line 82323 (wfb::names niger conventional_short_form "Niger" );; line 82325 (wfb::names niger local_long_form "Republique du Niger" );; line 82327 (wfb::names niger local_short_form "Niger" );; line 82329 (wfb::digraph niger "NG" );; line 82333 (wfb::type niger "republic" );; line 82337 (wfb::capital niger niamey-niger );; line 82341 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_niger_departments "departments" "departements" "departement" );; line 82345 (wfb::administrative_divisions niger adm_div_niger_departments 7 );; line 82345 (wfb::administrative_division_of niger adm_div_niger_departments "Agadez" );; line 82345 (wfb::administrative_division_of niger adm_div_niger_departments "Diffa" );; line 82345 (wfb::administrative_division_of niger adm_div_niger_departments "Dosso" );; line 82345 (wfb::administrative_division_of niger adm_div_niger_departments "Maradi" );; line 82345 (wfb::administrative_division_of niger adm_div_niger_departments "Niamey" );; line 82345 (wfb::administrative_division_of niger adm_div_niger_departments "Tahoua" );; line 82345 (wfb::administrative_division_of niger adm_div_niger_departments "Zinder" );; line 82345 (wfb::independence niger date_3_aug_1960 "France" );; line 82350 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1958 );; line 82354 (wfb::comment national_holiday niger "1958" );; line 82354 (wfb::national_holiday niger "Republic Day" date_18_dec );; line 82354 (wfb::constitution niger "approved by national referendum 16 December 1992; promulgated January 1993" );; line 82358 (wfb::legal_system niger "based on French civil law system and customary law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 82363 (wfb::comment suffrage niger " universal" );; line 82368 (wfb::suffrage niger (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 82368 (wfb::comment executive_branch niger chief_of_state "election last held 17 March 1993 (next to be held NA February 1998)" );; line 82373 (wfb::executive_branch niger chief_of_state "President Mahamane OUSMANE " date_16_apr_1993 );; line 82373 (wfb::executive_branch niger head_of_government "Prime Minister Hama AMADOU " date_21_feb_1995 );; line 82376 (wfb::comment executive_branch niger cabinet "appointed by the president on recommendation of the prime minister" );; line 82378 (wfb::executive_branch niger cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 82378 (wfb::legislative_structure niger unicameral n/a );; line 82383 (wfb::legislative_branch niger "National Assembly" "elected by proportional representation for 5 year terms; elections last held 12 January 1995 (next to be held NA); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (83 total) MNSD-NASSARA 29, CDS 24, PNDS 12, ANDP-Z 9, UDFP 3, UDPS 2, PADN 2, PPN-RDA 1, UPDP 1" );; line 82385 (wfb::judicial_branch niger "State Court (Cour d'Etat), Court of Appeal (Cour d'Apel)" );; line 82392 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders niger "National Movement of the Development Society (MNSD-NASSARA), Mamadou TANDJA, chairman; Democratic and Social Convention (CDS), Jacoub SANOUSSI; Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism (PNDS), Mahamadou ISSOUFOU; Nigerien Alliance for Democracy and Progress-Zamanlahia (ANDP-Z), Moumouni Adamou DJERMAKOYE; Union of Popular Forces for Democracy and Progress-Sawaba (UDFP), Djibo BAKARY, chairman; Union for Democracy and Social Progress (UDPS), Akoli DAOUEL; Niger Social Democrat Party (PADN), Malam Adji WAZIRI; Niger Progressive Party-African Democratic Rally (PPN-RDA), Dori ABDOULAI, chairman; Union of Patriots, Democrats, and Progressives (UPDP), Professor Andre SALIFOU, chairman" );; line 82396 (wfb::member_of niger acct );; line 82409 (wfb::member_of niger acp );; line 82409 (wfb::member_of niger afdb );; line 82409 (wfb::member_of niger ccc );; line 82409 (wfb::member_of niger ceao );; line 82409 (wfb::member_of niger eca );; line 82409 (wfb::member_of niger ecowas );; line 82409 (wfb::member_of niger entente );; line 82409 (wfb::member_of niger fao );; line 82409 (wfb::member_of niger fz );; line 82409 (wfb::member_of niger g-77 );; line 82409 (wfb::member_of niger gatt );; line 82409 (wfb::member_of niger iaea );; line 82409 (wfb::member_of niger ibrd );; line 82409 (wfb::member_of niger icao );; line 82409 (wfb::member_of niger icrm );; line 82409 (wfb::member_of niger ida );; line 82409 (wfb::member_of niger idb );; line 82409 (wfb::member_of niger ifad );; line 82409 (wfb::member_of niger ifc );; line 82409 (wfb::member_of niger ifrcs );; line 82409 (wfb::member_of niger ilo );; line 82409 (wfb::member_of niger imf );; line 82409 (wfb::member_of niger intelsat );; line 82409 (wfb::member_of niger interpol );; line 82409 (wfb::member_of niger ioc );; line 82409 (wfb::member_of niger itu );; line 82409 (wfb::member_of niger nam );; line 82409 (wfb::member_of niger oau );; line 82409 (wfb::member_of niger oic );; line 82409 (wfb::member_of niger un );; line 82409 (wfb::member_of niger unctad );; line 82409 (wfb::member_of niger unesco );; line 82409 (wfb::member_of niger unido );; line 82409 (wfb::member_of niger upu );; line 82409 (wfb::member_of niger wadb );; line 82409 (wfb::member_of niger wcl );; line 82409 (wfb::member_of niger wftu );; line 82409 (wfb::member_of niger who );; line 82409 (wfb::member_of niger wipo );; line 82409 (wfb::member_of niger wmo );; line 82409 (wfb::member_of niger wto );; line 82409 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us niger chief_of_mission "Ambassador Adamou SEYDOU" );; line 82417 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us niger chancery "2204 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 82419 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us niger telephone "[1] (202) 483-4224 through 4227" );; line 82421 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation niger chief_of_mission "Ambassador John S. DAVISON" );; line 82426 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation niger embassy "Rue Des Ambassades, Niamey" );; line 82428 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation niger mailing_address "B. P. 11201, Niamey" );; line 82430 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation niger telephone "[227] 72 26 61 through 72 26 64" );; line 82432 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation niger fax "[227] 73 31 67" );; line 82434 (wfb::flag niger "three equal horizontal bands of orange (top), white, and green with a small orange disk (representing the sun) centered in the white band; similar to the flag of India, which has a blue spoked wheel centered in the white band" );; line 82438 (wfb::overview niger "Niger is one of the world's poorest countries, with GDP growth lagging behind the rapid growth of population. The economy is centered on subsistence agriculture, animal husbandry, and reexport trade, and increasingly less on uranium, its major export throughout the 1970s and 1980s. Uranium revenues dropped by almost 50% between 1983 and 1990 with the end of the uranium boom. Terms of trade with Nigeria, Niger's largest regional trade partner, have improved dramatically since the 50% devaluation of the African franc in January 1994; this devaluation boosted exports of livestock, peas, onions, and the products of Niger's small cotton industry. The government relies on bilateral and multilateral aid for operating expenses and public investment and is strongly induced to adhere to structural adjustment programs designed by the IMF and the World Bank." );; line 82446 (wfb::estimation-date national_product niger date_1993 );; line 82461 (wfb::national_product niger (* 4.6e9 $) );; line 82461 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate niger date_1993 );; line 82465 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate niger (* 1.4 %) );; line 82465 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita niger date_1994 );; line 82469 (wfb::national_product_per_capita niger (* 550 $) );; line 82469 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| niger "NA%" );; line 82473 (wfb::unemployment_rate niger (* n/a %) );; line 82477 (wfb::budget niger revenues (* 188e6 $) );; line 82482 (wfb::estimation-date budget niger date_1993 );; line 82484 (wfb::budget niger expenditures (* 400e6 $) );; line 82484 (wfb::budget niger capital_expenditures (* 125e6 $) );; line 82484 (wfb::exports niger (* 246e6 $) );; line 82489 (wfb::exports niger commodities uranium_ore (* 67 %) );; line 82491 (wfb::exports niger commodities livestock_products (* 20 %) );; line 82491 (wfb::exports niger commodities cowpeas n/a );; line 82491 (wfb::exports niger commodities onions n/a );; line 82491 (wfb::exports niger partners france (* 77 %) );; line 82493 (wfb::exports niger partners nigeria (* 8 %) );; line 82493 (wfb::exports niger partners |Cote d'Ivoire| n/a );; line 82493 (wfb::exports niger partners italy n/a );; line 82493 (wfb::imports niger (* 286e6 $) );; line 82497 (wfb::imports niger commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 82499 (wfb::imports niger commodities primary_materials n/a );; line 82499 (wfb::imports niger commodities machinery n/a );; line 82499 (wfb::imports niger commodities vehicles_and_parts n/a );; line 82499 (wfb::imports niger commodities petroleum-commodity n/a );; line 82499 (wfb::imports niger commodities cereals n/a );; line 82499 (wfb::imports niger partners france (* 23 %) );; line 82502 (wfb::imports niger partners |Cote d'Ivoire| n/a );; line 82502 (wfb::imports niger partners germany n/a );; line 82502 (wfb::imports niger partners italy n/a );; line 82502 (wfb::imports niger partners japan n/a );; line 82502 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt niger date_dec_1991 );; line 82506 (wfb::external_debt niger (* 1.2e9 $) );; line 82506 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1992 );; line 82510 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production niger date_1992 );; line 82510 (wfb::industrial_production niger growth_rate (* -2.7 %) );; line 82510 (wfb::industrial_production niger accounts_for (* 15 %_of_gdp) );; line 82510 (wfb::electricity niger capacity (* 60000 kw) );; line 82515 (wfb::electricity niger production (* 200e6 kwh) );; line 82517 (wfb::measurement-date electricity niger consumption_per_capita date_1992 );; line 82519 (wfb::electricity niger consumption_per_capita (* 42 kwh) );; line 82519 (wfb::industry niger cement );; line 82523 (wfb::industry niger brick );; line 82523 (wfb::industry niger textiles );; line 82523 (wfb::industry niger food_processing );; line 82523 (wfb::industry niger chemicals );; line 82523 (wfb::industry niger slaughterhouses );; line 82523 (wfb::industry niger a_few_other_small_light_industries );; line 82523 (wfb::industry niger uranium_mining_began_in_1971 );; line 82523 (wfb::agriculture niger "accounts for roughly 40% of GDP and 90% of labor force; cash crops - cowpeas, cotton, peanuts; food crops - millet, sorghum, cassava, rice; livestock - cattle, sheep, goats; self-sufficient in food except in drought years" );; line 82528 (wfb::economic_aid niger recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $380 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $3.165 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $504 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $61 million" );; line 82536 (wfb::abbreviation cfa_franc "CFAF" );; line 82543 (wfb::currency niger cfa_franc 100 centimes );; line 82543 (wfb::exchange_rates niger "Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (CFAF) per US$1 - 529.43 (January 1995), 555.20 (1994), 283.16 (1993), 264.69 (1992), 282.11 (1991), 272.26 (1990)" );; line 82547 (wfb::comment exchange_rates niger "the official rate is pegged to the French franc, and beginning 12 January 1994, the CFA franc was devalued to CFAF 100 per French franc from CFAF 50 at which it had been fixed since 1948" );; line 82551 (wfb::fiscal_year niger date_1_oct date_30_sep );; line 82557 (wfb::railroads niger "0 km" );; line 82562 (wfb::highways niger total (* 39970 km) );; line 82567 (wfb::highways niger bituminous (* 3170 km) );; line 82569 (wfb::highways niger (union gravel laterite ) (* 10330 km) );; line 82571 (wfb::highways niger earth (* 3470 km) );; line 82571 (wfb::highways niger tracks (* 23000 km) );; line 82571 (wfb::inland_waterways niger "Niger River is navigable 300 km from Niamey to Gaya on the Benin frontier from mid-December through March" );; line 82575 (wfb::airports niger total 29 );; line 82585 (wfb::airports niger |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 2 );; line 82587 (wfb::airports niger |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 6 );; line 82589 (wfb::airports niger |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 82591 (wfb::airports niger with_paved_runways_under_914_m 3 );; line 82593 (wfb::airports niger |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 1 );; line 82595 (wfb::airports niger |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 16 );; line 82597 (wfb::telephone_system niger "14,260 telephones; small system of wire, radiocommunications, and radio relay links concentrated in southwestern area" );; line 82602 (wfb::telephone_system niger local "NA" );; line 82605 (wfb::telephone_system niger intercity "wire, radiocommunications, and radio relay; 3 domestic satellite links, with 1 planned" );; line 82607 (wfb::telephone_system niger international "2 INTELSAT (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) earth stations" );; line 82610 (wfb::radio niger broadcast_stations am 15 );; line 82615 (wfb::radio niger broadcast_stations fm 5 );; line 82615 (wfb::radio niger broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 82615 (wfb::radio niger radios n/a );; line 82617 (wfb::television niger broadcast_stations 18 );; line 82622 (wfb::television niger televisions n/a );; line 82624 (wfb::defense_branch niger army_niger );; line 82630 (wfb::defense_branch niger air_force_niger );; line 82630 (wfb::defense_branch niger national_gendarmerie_niger );; line 82630 (wfb::defense_branch niger republican_guard_niger );; line 82630 (wfb::defense_branch niger national_police_niger );; line 82630 (wfb::manpower_availability niger "males age 15-49 1,908,767; males fit for military service 1,029,384; males reach military age (18) annually 94,506 (1995 est.)" );; line 82635 (wfb::for-fiscal-year defense_expenditures niger 92 );; line 82640 (wfb::defense_expenditures niger (* 32e6 $) );; line 82640 (wfb::defense_expenditures niger (* 1.3 %_of_gdp) );; line 82640 (wfb::markup-parameter figure nigeria "graphno=\"ni.tif\"" );; line 82646 (wfb::location nigeria "Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Benin and Cameroon" );; line 82650 (wfb::map_references nigeria "Africa" );; line 82655 (wfb::area nigeria total_area (* 923770 sq_km) );; line 82660 (wfb::area nigeria land_area (* 910770 sq_km) );; line 82662 (wfb::area nigeria comparative_area "slightly more than twice the size of California" );; line 82664 (wfb::borders nigeria total (* 4047 km) );; line 82668 (wfb::borders nigeria benin (* 773 km) );; line 82668 (wfb::borders nigeria cameroon (* 1690 km) );; line 82668 (wfb::borders nigeria chad (* 87 km) );; line 82668 (wfb::borders nigeria niger (* 1497 km) );; line 82668 (wfb::coastline nigeria (* 853 km) );; line 82673 (wfb::maritime_claims nigeria exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 82680 (wfb::maritime_claims nigeria territorial_sea (* 30 nm) );; line 82682 (wfb::international_disputes nigeria "demarcation of international boundaries in Lake Chad, the lack of which led to border incidents in the past, is completed and awaits ratification by Cameroon, Chad, Niger, and Nigeria" );; line 82686 (wfb::international_disputes nigeria "dispute with Cameroon over land and maritime boundaries in the vicinity of the Bakasi Peninsula has been referred to the International Court of Justice" );; line 82686 (wfb::climate nigeria "varies" );; line 82694 (wfb::climate nigeria "equatorial in south, tropical in center, arid in north" );; line 82694 (wfb::terrain nigeria "southern lowlands merge into central hills and plateaus" );; line 82698 (wfb::terrain nigeria "mountains in southeast, plains in north" );; line 82698 (wfb::natural-resource nigeria petroleum );; line 82703 (wfb::natural-resource nigeria tin );; line 82703 (wfb::natural-resource nigeria columbite );; line 82703 (wfb::natural-resource nigeria iron_ore );; line 82703 (wfb::natural-resource nigeria coal );; line 82703 (wfb::natural-resource nigeria limestone );; line 82703 (wfb::natural-resource nigeria lead );; line 82703 (wfb::natural-resource nigeria zinc );; line 82703 (wfb::natural-resource nigeria natural_gas );; line 82703 (wfb::land_use nigeria arable_land (* 31 %) );; line 82709 (wfb::land_use nigeria permanent_crops (* 3 %) );; line 82711 (wfb::land_use nigeria meadows_and_pastures (* 23 %) );; line 82713 (wfb::land_use nigeria forest_and_woodland (* 15 %) );; line 82715 (wfb::land_use nigeria other (* 28 %) );; line 82717 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land nigeria date_1989 );; line 82721 (wfb::irrigated_land nigeria (* 8650 sq_km) );; line 82721 (wfb::environment nigeria current_issues "soil degradation" );; line 82726 (wfb::environment nigeria current_issues "rapid deforestation" );; line 82726 (wfb::environment nigeria current_issues "desertification" );; line 82726 (wfb::environment nigeria current_issues "recent droughts in north severely affecting marginal agricultural activities" );; line 82726 (wfb::environment nigeria natural_hazards "periodic droughts" );; line 82729 (wfb::environment nigeria international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection" );; line 82731 (wfb::estimation-date population nigeria date_jul_1995 );; line 82739 (wfb::population nigeria 101232251 );; line 82739 (wfb::age_structure nigeria 0-14_years (* 45 %) );; line 82744 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex nigeria 0-14_years female 22643026 );; line 82744 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex nigeria 0-14_years male 22850322 );; line 82744 (wfb::age_structure nigeria 15-64_years (* 52 %) );; line 82746 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex nigeria 15-64_years female 25842286 );; line 82746 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex nigeria 15-64_years male 26978906 );; line 82746 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure nigeria 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 82748 (wfb::age_structure nigeria 65_years_and_over (* 3 %) );; line 82748 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex nigeria 65_years_and_over female 1438392 );; line 82748 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex nigeria 65_years_and_over male 1479319 );; line 82748 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate nigeria date_1995 );; line 82752 (wfb::population_growth_rate nigeria (* 3.16 %) );; line 82752 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate nigeria date_1995 );; line 82756 (wfb::birth_rate nigeria (* 43.26 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 82756 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate nigeria date_1995 );; line 82760 (wfb::death_rate nigeria (* 12.01 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 82760 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate nigeria date_1995 );; line 82764 (wfb::net_migration_rate nigeria (* 0.35 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 82764 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate nigeria date_1995 );; line 82768 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate nigeria (* 72.6 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 82768 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth nigeria total_population (* 55.98 years) );; line 82773 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth nigeria male (* 54.69 years) );; line 82775 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth nigeria female date_1995 );; line 82777 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth nigeria female (* 57.3 years) );; line 82777 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate nigeria date_1995 );; line 82781 (wfb::total_fertility_rate nigeria (* 6.31 children_born/woman) );; line 82781 (wfb::nationality nigeria noun "Nigerian(s)" );; line 82786 (wfb::nationality nigeria adjective "Nigerian" );; line 82788 (wfb::comment ethnic_divisions nigeria "Hausa and Fulani, Yoruba, and Ibos together make up 65% of population" );; line 82800 (wfb::religion nigeria muslim (* 50 %) );; line 82805 (wfb::religion nigeria christian (* 40 %) );; line 82805 (wfb::religion nigeria indigenous_beliefs (* 10 %) );; line 82805 (wfb::language nigeria english n/a );; line 82809 (wfb::comment language nigeria english "official" );; line 82809 (wfb::language nigeria hausa-language-group n/a );; line 82809 (wfb::language nigeria yoruba n/a );; line 82809 (wfb::language nigeria ibo n/a );; line 82809 (wfb::language nigeria fulani-language-group n/a );; line 82809 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition nigeria date_1990 );; line 82813 (wfb::literacy-condition nigeria "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 82813 (wfb::literacy nigeria total_population (* 51 %) );; line 82815 (wfb::literacy nigeria male (* 62 %) );; line 82817 (wfb::literacy nigeria female (* 40 %) );; line 82819 (wfb::total_labor_force nigeria 42.844e6 );; line 82823 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation nigeria agriculture (* 54 %) );; line 82825 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation nigeria industry n/a );; line 82825 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation nigeria commerce n/a );; line 82825 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation nigeria services (* 19 %) );; line 82825 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation nigeria government (* 15 %) );; line 82825 (wfb::names nigeria conventional_long_form "Federal Republic of Nigeria" );; line 82832 (wfb::names nigeria conventional_short_form "Nigeria" );; line 82834 (wfb::digraph nigeria "NI" );; line 82838 (wfb::type nigeria "military government since 31 December 1983; plans to institute a constitutional conference to prepare for a new transition to civilian rule after plans for a transition in 1993 were negated by General BABANGIDA" );; line 82842 (wfb::capital nigeria abuja-nigeria );; line 82848 (wfb::comment capital nigeria "on 12 December 1991 the capital was officially moved from Lagos to Abuja; many government offices remain in Lagos pending completion of facilities in Abuja" );; line 82850 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_nigeria_states "states" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 82856 (wfb::administrative_divisions nigeria adm_div_nigeria_states 30 );; line 82856 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_nigeria_territory "territory" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 82856 (wfb::administrative_divisions nigeria adm_div_nigeria_territory 1 );; line 82856 (wfb::administrative_division_of nigeria adm_div_nigeria_states "Abia" );; line 82856 (wfb::administrative_division_of nigeria adm_div_nigeria_territory "Abuja Capital Territory" );; line 82856 (wfb::administrative_division_of nigeria adm_div_nigeria_states "Adamawa" );; line 82856 (wfb::administrative_division_of nigeria adm_div_nigeria_states "Akwa Ibom" );; line 82856 (wfb::administrative_division_of nigeria adm_div_nigeria_states "Anambra" );; line 82856 (wfb::administrative_division_of nigeria adm_div_nigeria_states "Bauchi" );; line 82856 (wfb::administrative_division_of nigeria adm_div_nigeria_states "Benue" );; line 82856 (wfb::administrative_division_of nigeria adm_div_nigeria_states "Borno" );; line 82856 (wfb::administrative_division_of nigeria adm_div_nigeria_states "Cross River" );; line 82856 (wfb::administrative_division_of nigeria adm_div_nigeria_states "Delta" );; line 82856 (wfb::administrative_division_of nigeria adm_div_nigeria_states "Edo" );; line 82856 (wfb::administrative_division_of nigeria adm_div_nigeria_states "Enugu" );; line 82856 (wfb::administrative_division_of nigeria adm_div_nigeria_states "Imo" );; line 82856 (wfb::administrative_division_of nigeria adm_div_nigeria_states "Jigawa" );; line 82856 (wfb::administrative_division_of nigeria adm_div_nigeria_states "Kaduna" );; line 82856 (wfb::administrative_division_of nigeria adm_div_nigeria_states "Kano" );; line 82856 (wfb::administrative_division_of nigeria adm_div_nigeria_states "Katsina" );; line 82856 (wfb::administrative_division_of nigeria adm_div_nigeria_states "Kebbi" );; line 82856 (wfb::administrative_division_of nigeria adm_div_nigeria_states "Kogi" );; line 82856 (wfb::administrative_division_of nigeria adm_div_nigeria_states "Kwara" );; line 82856 (wfb::administrative_division_of nigeria adm_div_nigeria_states "Lagos" );; line 82856 (wfb::administrative_division_of nigeria adm_div_nigeria_states "Niger" );; line 82856 (wfb::administrative_division_of nigeria adm_div_nigeria_states "Ogun" );; line 82856 (wfb::administrative_division_of nigeria adm_div_nigeria_states "Ondo" );; line 82856 (wfb::administrative_division_of nigeria adm_div_nigeria_states "Osun" );; line 82856 (wfb::administrative_division_of nigeria adm_div_nigeria_states "Oyo" );; line 82856 (wfb::administrative_division_of nigeria adm_div_nigeria_states "Plateau" );; line 82856 (wfb::administrative_division_of nigeria adm_div_nigeria_states "Rivers" );; line 82856 (wfb::administrative_division_of nigeria adm_div_nigeria_states "Sokoto" );; line 82856 (wfb::administrative_division_of nigeria adm_div_nigeria_states "Taraba" );; line 82856 (wfb::administrative_division_of nigeria adm_div_nigeria_states "Yobe" );; line 82856 (wfb::independence nigeria date_1_oct_1960 "UK" );; line 82863 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1960 );; line 82867 (wfb::comment national_holiday nigeria "1960" );; line 82867 (wfb::national_holiday nigeria "Independence Day" date_1_oct );; line 82867 (wfb::constitution nigeria "1979 constitution still in force; plan for 1989 constitution to take effect in 1993 was not implemented" );; line 82871 (wfb::legal_system nigeria "based on English common law, Islamic law, and tribal law" );; line 82876 (wfb::comment suffrage nigeria " universal" );; line 82880 (wfb::suffrage nigeria (* 21 years_of_age) );; line 82880 (wfb::comment executive_branch nigeria chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "Vice-Chairman of the Provisional Ruling Council Oladipo DIYA (since 17 November 1993)" );; line 82885 (wfb::executive_branch nigeria chief_of_state "Chairman of the Provisional Ruling Council and Commander in Chief of Armed Forces and Defense Minister Gen. Sani ABACHA " date_17_nov_1993 );; line 82885 (wfb::executive_branch nigeria head_of_government "Chairman of the Provisional Ruling Council and Commander in Chief of Armed Forces and Defense Minister Gen. Sani ABACHA " date_17_nov_1993 );; line 82885 (wfb::executive_branch nigeria cabinet "Federal Executive Council" );; line 82890 (wfb::legislative_structure nigeria bicameral "National Assembly" );; line 82894 (wfb::legislative_branch nigeria "Senate" "suspended after coup of 17 November 1993" );; line 82896 (wfb::legislative_branch nigeria "House of Representatives" "suspended after coup of 17 November 1993" );; line 82898 (wfb::judicial_branch nigeria "Supreme Court, Federal Court of Appeal" );; line 82902 (wfb::comment political_parties_and_leaders nigeria "two political party system suspended after the coup of 17 November 1993" );; line 82907 (wfb::member_of nigeria acp );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria afdb );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria c );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria ccc );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria eca );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria ecowas );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria fao );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria g-15 );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria g-19 );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria g-24 );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria g-77 );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria gatt );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria iaea );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria ibrd );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria icao );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria icc );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria icrm );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria ida );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria ifad );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria ifc );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria ifrcs );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria ilo );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria imf );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria imo );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria inmarsat );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria intelsat );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria interpol );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria ioc );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria itu );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria minurso );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria nam );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria oau );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria opec );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria pca );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria un );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria unamir );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria unavem_ii );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria unctad );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria unesco );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria unhcr );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria unido );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria unikom );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria unprofor );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria unu );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria upu );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria wcl );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria wftu );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria who );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria wmo );; line 82912 (wfb::member_of nigeria wto );; line 82912 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us nigeria chief_of_mission "Ambassador Zubair Mahmud KAZAURE" );; line 82921 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us nigeria chancery "1333 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20036" );; line 82923 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us nigeria telephone "[1] (202) 986-8400" );; line 82925 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us nigeria |consulate(s) general| "New York" );; line 82927 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation nigeria chief_of_mission "Ambassador Walter C. CARRINGTON" );; line 82932 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation nigeria embassy "2 Eleke Crescent, Lagos" );; line 82934 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation nigeria mailing_address "P. O. Box 554, Lagos" );; line 82936 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation nigeria telephone "[234] (1) 261-0097" );; line 82938 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation nigeria fax "[234] (1) 261-0257" );; line 82940 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation nigeria branch_office "Abuja" );; line 82942 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation nigeria |consulate(s) general| "Kaduna" );; line 82944 (wfb::flag nigeria "three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and green" );; line 82948 (wfb::overview nigeria "The oil-rich Nigerian economy continues to be hobbled by political instability and poor macroeconomic management. Nigeria's unpopular military rulers show no sign of wanting to restore democratic civilian rule in the near future and appear divided on how to redress fundamental economic imbalances that cause troublesome inflation and the steady depreciation of the naira. The government's domestic and international arrears continue to limit economic growth - even in the oil sector - and prevent an agreement with the IMF and bilateral creditors on debt relief. The inefficient (largely subsistence) agricultural sector has failed to keep up with rapid population growth, and Nigeria, once a large net exporter of food, now must import food." );; line 82954 (wfb::estimation-date national_product nigeria date_1994 );; line 82967 (wfb::national_product nigeria (* 122.6e9 $) );; line 82967 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate nigeria date_1994 );; line 82971 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate nigeria (* -0.8 %) );; line 82971 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita nigeria date_1994 );; line 82975 (wfb::national_product_per_capita nigeria (* 1250 $) );; line 82975 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| nigeria "53% (1993 est.)" );; line 82979 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate nigeria date_1992 );; line 82983 (wfb::unemployment_rate nigeria (* 28 %) );; line 82983 (wfb::budget nigeria revenues (* 9e9 $) );; line 82988 (wfb::estimation-date budget nigeria date_1992 );; line 82990 (wfb::budget nigeria expenditures (* 10.8e9 $) );; line 82990 (wfb::budget nigeria capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 82990 (wfb::exports nigeria (* 11.9e9 $) );; line 82994 (wfb::exports nigeria commodities oil-commodity (* 95 %) );; line 82996 (wfb::exports nigeria commodities cocoa n/a );; line 82996 (wfb::exports nigeria commodities rubber n/a );; line 82996 (wfb::exports nigeria partners us (* 54 %) );; line 82998 (wfb::exports nigeria partners ec (* 23 %) );; line 82998 (wfb::imports nigeria (* 8.3e9 $) );; line 83002 (wfb::imports nigeria commodities machinery_and_equipment n/a );; line 83004 (wfb::imports nigeria commodities manufactured_goods n/a );; line 83004 (wfb::imports nigeria commodities food_and_animals n/a );; line 83004 (wfb::imports nigeria partners ec (* 64 %) );; line 83006 (wfb::imports nigeria partners us (* 10 %) );; line 83006 (wfb::imports nigeria partners japan (* 7 %) );; line 83006 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt nigeria date_1992 );; line 83010 (wfb::external_debt nigeria (* 29.5e9 $) );; line 83010 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1991 );; line 83014 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production nigeria date_1991 );; line 83014 (wfb::industrial_production nigeria growth_rate (* 7.7 %) );; line 83014 (wfb::industrial_production nigeria accounts_for (* 43 %_of_gdp) );; line 83014 (wfb::electricity nigeria capacity (* 4570000 kw) );; line 83020 (wfb::electricity nigeria production (* 11.3e9 kwh) );; line 83022 (wfb::measurement-date electricity nigeria consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 83024 (wfb::electricity nigeria consumption_per_capita (* 109 kwh) );; line 83024 (wfb::industry nigeria crude_oil_and_mining_-_coal );; line 83028 (wfb::industry nigeria tin-industry );; line 83028 (wfb::industry nigeria columbite-industry );; line 83028 (wfb::industry nigeria primary_processing_industries_-_palm_oil );; line 83028 (wfb::industry nigeria peanut );; line 83028 (wfb::industry nigeria cotton-industry );; line 83028 (wfb::industry nigeria rubber-industry );; line 83028 (wfb::industry nigeria wood-industry );; line 83028 (wfb::industry nigeria hides-industry );; line 83028 (wfb::industry nigeria skins-industry );; line 83028 (wfb::industry nigeria manufacturing_industries_-_textiles );; line 83028 (wfb::industry nigeria cement );; line 83028 (wfb::industry nigeria building_materials-industry );; line 83028 (wfb::industry nigeria food_products-industry );; line 83028 (wfb::industry nigeria footwear-industry );; line 83028 (wfb::industry nigeria chemical );; line 83028 (wfb::industry nigeria printing );; line 83028 (wfb::industry nigeria ceramics );; line 83028 (wfb::industry nigeria steel );; line 83028 (wfb::agriculture nigeria "accounts for 35% of GDP and half of labor force; cash crops - cocoa, peanuts, palm oil, rubber; food crops - corn, rice, sorghum, millet, cassava, yams; livestock - cattle, sheep, goats, pigs; fishing and forestry resources extensively exploited" );; line 83035 (wfb::illicit_drugs nigeria "passenger and cargo air hub for West Africa; facilitates movement of heroin en route from Southeast and Southwest Asia to Western Europe and North America; increasingly a transit route for cocaine from South America intended for West European, East Asian, and North American markets" );; line 83042 (wfb::economic_aid nigeria recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $705 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $3 billion; Communist countries (1970-89), $2.2 billion" );; line 83050 (wfb::abbreviation naira "N" );; line 83056 (wfb::currency nigeria naira 100 kobo );; line 83056 (wfb::exchange_rates nigeria "naira (N) per US$1 - 21.996 (January 1995), 21.996 (1994), 22.065 (1993), 17.298 (1992), 9.909 (1991), 8.038 (1990)" );; line 83060 (wfb::fiscal_year nigeria date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 83065 (wfb::railroads nigeria total "3,567 km" );; line 83071 (wfb::railroads nigeria narrow_gauge "3,505 km 1.067-m gauge" );; line 83073 (wfb::railroads nigeria standard_gauge "62 km 1.435-m gauge" );; line 83075 (wfb::highways nigeria total (* 107990 km) );; line 83080 (wfb::highways nigeria mostly_bituminous-surface_treatment (* 30019 km) );; line 83082 (wfb::highways nigeria (union gravel crushed_stone improved_earth ) (* 25411 km) );; line 83084 (wfb::highways nigeria unimproved_earth (* 52560 km) );; line 83084 (wfb::inland_waterways nigeria "8,575 km consisting of Niger and Benue Rivers and smaller rivers and creeks" );; line 83089 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 2042 km) );; line 83094 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 3000 km) );; line 83094 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 500 km) );; line 83094 (wfb::port nigeria calabar-nigeria );; line 83099 (wfb::port nigeria lagos-nigeria );; line 83099 (wfb::port nigeria onne-nigeria );; line 83099 (wfb::port nigeria port_harcourt-nigeria );; line 83099 (wfb::port nigeria sapele-nigeria );; line 83099 (wfb::port nigeria warri-nigeria );; line 83099 (wfb::merchant_marine nigeria total "32 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 404,064 GRT/661,850 DWT" );; line 83104 (wfb::merchant_marine nigeria ships_by_type "bulk 1, cargo 14, chemical tanker 3, liquefied gas tanker 1, oil tanker 12, roll-on/roll-off cargo 1" );; line 83106 (wfb::airports nigeria total 80 );; line 83112 (wfb::airports nigeria |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 6 );; line 83114 (wfb::airports nigeria |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 10 );; line 83116 (wfb::airports nigeria |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 10 );; line 83118 (wfb::airports nigeria |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 7 );; line 83120 (wfb::airports nigeria with_paved_runways_under_914_m 25 );; line 83122 (wfb::airports nigeria |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 1 );; line 83124 (wfb::airports nigeria |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 21 );; line 83126 (wfb::telephone_system nigeria "NA telephones; above-average system limited by poor maintenance; major expansion in progress" );; line 83131 (wfb::telephone_system nigeria local "NA" );; line 83134 (wfb::telephone_system nigeria intercity "microwave radio relay, coaxial cable, and 20 domestic satellite earth stations carry intercity traffic" );; line 83136 (wfb::telephone_system nigeria international "3 INTELSAT earth stations (2 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) and 1 coaxial submarine cable carry international traffic" );; line 83139 (wfb::radio nigeria broadcast_stations am 35 );; line 83145 (wfb::radio nigeria broadcast_stations fm 17 );; line 83145 (wfb::radio nigeria broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 83145 (wfb::radio nigeria radios n/a );; line 83147 (wfb::television nigeria broadcast_stations 28 );; line 83152 (wfb::television nigeria televisions n/a );; line 83154 (wfb::defense_branch nigeria army_nigeria );; line 83160 (wfb::defense_branch nigeria navy_nigeria );; line 83160 (wfb::defense_branch nigeria air_force_nigeria );; line 83160 (wfb::defense_branch nigeria paramilitary_police_force_nigeria );; line 83160 (wfb::manpower_availability nigeria "males age 15-49 23,167,009; males fit for military service 13,246,223; males reach military age (18) annually 1,024,059 (1995 est.)" );; line 83164 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures nigeria date_1992 );; line 83169 (wfb::defense_expenditures nigeria (* 172e6 $) );; line 83169 (wfb::markup-parameter figure niue "graphno=\"ne.tif\"" );; line 83175 (wfb::header niue "(free association with New Zealand)" );; line 83175 (wfb::location niue "Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Tonga" );; line 83180 (wfb::map_references niue "Oceania" );; line 83184 (wfb::area niue total_area (* 260 sq_km) );; line 83189 (wfb::area niue land_area (* 260 sq_km) );; line 83191 (wfb::area niue comparative_area "slightly less than 1.5 times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 83193 (wfb::coastline niue (* 64 km) );; line 83201 (wfb::maritime_claims niue exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 83206 (wfb::maritime_claims niue territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 83208 (wfb::international_disputes niue "none" );; line 83212 (wfb::climate niue "tropical" );; line 83216 (wfb::climate niue "modified by southeast trade winds" );; line 83216 (wfb::terrain niue "steep limestone cliffs along coast, central plateau" );; line 83220 (wfb::natural-resource niue fish );; line 83224 (wfb::natural-resource niue arable_land );; line 83224 (wfb::land_use niue arable_land (* 61 %) );; line 83229 (wfb::land_use niue permanent_crops (* 4 %) );; line 83231 (wfb::land_use niue meadows_and_pastures (* 4 %) );; line 83233 (wfb::land_use niue forest_and_woodland (* 19 %) );; line 83235 (wfb::land_use niue other (* 12 %) );; line 83237 (wfb::irrigated_land niue (* n/a sq_km) );; line 83241 (wfb::environment niue current_issues "traditional methods of burning brush and trees to clear land for agriculture have threatened soil supplies which naturally are not very abundant" );; line 83246 (wfb::environment niue natural_hazards "typhoons" );; line 83249 (wfb::environment niue international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Law of the Sea" );; line 83251 (wfb::note niue "one of world's largest coral islands" );; line 83255 (wfb::estimation-date population niue date_jul_1995 );; line 83261 (wfb::population niue 1837 );; line 83261 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate niue date_1995 );; line 83274 (wfb::population_growth_rate niue (* -3.66 %) );; line 83274 (wfb::nationality niue noun "Niuean(s)" );; line 83303 (wfb::nationality niue adjective "Niuean" );; line 83305 (wfb::comment ethnic_divisions niue "with some 200 Europeans, Samoans, and Tongans" );; line 83309 (wfb::ethnic-entity niue polynesian n/a );; line 83309 (wfb::comment religions niue "mostly Roman Catholic, Jehovah's Witnesses, Seventh-Day Adventist" );; line 83313 (wfb::language niue polynesian_closely_related_to_tongan_and_samoan n/a );; line 83319 (wfb::language niue english n/a );; line 83319 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force niue date_1981 );; line 83323 (wfb::total_labor_force niue 1000 );; line 83323 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation niue most_work_on_family_plantations n/a );; line 83325 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation niue paid_work_exists_only_in_government_service n/a );; line 83325 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation niue small_industry n/a );; line 83325 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation niue the_niue_development_board n/a );; line 83325 (wfb::names niue conventional_short_form "Niue" );; line 83334 (wfb::digraph niue "NE" );; line 83338 (wfb::type niue "self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand; Niue fully responsible for internal affairs; New Zealand retains responsibility for external affairs" );; line 83342 (wfb::capital niue alofi-niue );; line 83348 (wfb::comment independence niue "became a self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand on 19 October 1974" );; line 83356 (wfb::independence niue date_19_oct_1974 "n/a" );; line 83356 (wfb::comment national_holiday niue "Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty" );; line 83361 (wfb::national_holiday niue "Waitangi Day" date_6_feb );; line 83361 (wfb::constitution niue "19 October 1974 (Niue Constitution Act)" );; line 83366 (wfb::legal_system niue "English common law" );; line 83370 (wfb::comment suffrage niue " universal" );; line 83374 (wfb::suffrage niue (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 83374 (wfb::comment executive_branch niue head_of_government "; Acting Premier since December 1992)" );; line 83382 (wfb::executive_branch niue head_of_government "Premier Frank F. LUI " date_12_mar_1993 );; line 83382 (wfb::comment executive_branch niue cabinet "consists of the premier and three other ministers" );; line 83385 (wfb::executive_branch niue cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 83385 (wfb::legislative_structure niue unicameral n/a );; line 83389 (wfb::legislative_branch niue "Legislative Assembly" "elections last held 6 March 1993 (next to be held NA 1996); results - percent of vote NA; seats - (20 total, 6 elected)" );; line 83391 (wfb::judicial_branch niue "Appeal Court of New Zealand, High Court" );; line 83396 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders niue "Niue Peoples Party (NPP), Young VIVIAN" );; line 83400 (wfb::member_of niue escap );; line 83404 (wfb::comment member_of niue escap "associate" );; line 83404 (wfb::member_of niue intelsat );; line 83404 (wfb::comment member_of niue intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 83404 (wfb::member_of niue sparteca );; line 83404 (wfb::member_of niue spc );; line 83404 (wfb::member_of niue spf );; line 83404 (wfb::member_of niue unesco );; line 83404 (wfb::member_of niue who );; line 83404 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us niue "none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand)" );; line 83409 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation niue "none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand)" );; line 83414 (wfb::flag niue "yellow with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the flag of the UK bears five yellow five-pointed stars - a large one on a blue disk in the center and a smaller one on each arm of the bold red cross" );; line 83419 (wfb::overview niue "The economy is heavily dependent on aid from New Zealand. Government expenditures regularly exceed revenues, with the shortfall made up by grants from New Zealand - the grants are used to pay wages to public employees. The agricultural sector consists mainly of subsistence gardening, although some cash crops are grown for export. Industry consists primarily of small factories to process passion fruit, lime oil, honey, and coconut cream. The sale of postage stamps to foreign collectors is an important source of revenue. The island in recent years has suffered a serious loss of population because of migration of Niueans to New Zealand." );; line 83426 (wfb::estimation-date national_product niue date_1993 );; line 83438 (wfb::national_product niue (* 2.4e6 $) );; line 83438 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate niue (* n/a %) );; line 83442 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita niue date_1993 );; line 83446 (wfb::national_product_per_capita niue (* 1200 $) );; line 83446 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| niue "5% (1992)" );; line 83450 (wfb::unemployment_rate niue (* n/a %) );; line 83454 (wfb::budget niue revenues (* 5.5e6 $) );; line 83459 (wfb::estimation-date budget niue date_1985 );; line 83461 (wfb::budget niue expenditures (* 6.3e6 $) );; line 83461 (wfb::budget niue capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 83461 (wfb::exports niue (* 117500 $) );; line 83465 (wfb::exports niue commodities canned_coconut_cream n/a );; line 83467 (wfb::exports niue commodities copra n/a );; line 83467 (wfb::exports niue commodities honey n/a );; line 83467 (wfb::exports niue commodities passion_fruit_products n/a );; line 83467 (wfb::exports niue commodities pawpaw n/a );; line 83467 (wfb::exports niue commodities root_crops n/a );; line 83467 (wfb::exports niue commodities limes n/a );; line 83467 (wfb::exports niue commodities footballs n/a );; line 83467 (wfb::exports niue commodities stamps n/a );; line 83467 (wfb::exports niue commodities handicrafts-commodity n/a );; line 83467 (wfb::exports niue partners nz (* 89 %) );; line 83470 (wfb::exports niue partners fiji n/a );; line 83470 (wfb::exports niue partners cook_islands n/a );; line 83470 (wfb::exports niue partners australia n/a );; line 83470 (wfb::imports niue (* 4.1e6 $) );; line 83474 (wfb::imports niue commodities food n/a );; line 83476 (wfb::imports niue commodities live_animals n/a );; line 83476 (wfb::imports niue commodities manufactured_goods n/a );; line 83476 (wfb::imports niue commodities machinery n/a );; line 83476 (wfb::imports niue commodities fuels n/a );; line 83476 (wfb::imports niue commodities lubricants n/a );; line 83476 (wfb::imports niue commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 83476 (wfb::imports niue commodities drugs n/a );; line 83476 (wfb::imports niue partners nz (* 59 %) );; line 83479 (wfb::imports niue partners fiji (* 20 %) );; line 83479 (wfb::imports niue partners japan (* 13 %) );; line 83479 (wfb::imports niue partners western_samoa n/a );; line 83479 (wfb::imports niue partners australia n/a );; line 83479 (wfb::imports niue partners us n/a );; line 83479 (wfb::external_debt niue (* n/a $) );; line 83483 (wfb::industrial_production niue growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 83487 (wfb::electricity niue capacity (* 1500 kw) );; line 83492 (wfb::electricity niue production (* 2.7e6 kwh) );; line 83494 (wfb::measurement-date electricity niue consumption_per_capita date_1992 );; line 83496 (wfb::electricity niue consumption_per_capita (* 1490 kwh) );; line 83496 (wfb::industry niue tourism );; line 83500 (wfb::industry niue handicrafts );; line 83500 (wfb::industry niue food_processing );; line 83500 (wfb::agriculture niue "coconuts, passion fruit, honey, limes; subsistence crops - taro, yams, cassava (tapioca), sweet potatoes; pigs, poultry, beef cattle" );; line 83504 (wfb::economic_aid niue recipient "Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $62 million" );; line 83510 (wfb::abbreviation new_zealand_dollar "NZ$" );; line 83515 (wfb::currency niue new_zealand_dollar 100 cents );; line 83515 (wfb::exchange_rates niue "New Zealand dollars (NZ$) per US$1 - 1.5601 (January 1995), 1.6844 (1994), 1.8495 (1993), 1.8584 (1992), 1.7265 (1991), 1.6750 (1990)" );; line 83519 (wfb::fiscal_year niue date_1_apr date_31_mar );; line 83524 (wfb::railroads niue "0 km" );; line 83529 (wfb::highways niue total (* 229 km) );; line 83534 (wfb::highways niue all-weather (* 123 km) );; line 83536 (wfb::highways niue plantation_access (* 106 km) );; line 83536 (wfb::merchant_marine niue "none" );; line 83544 (wfb::airports niue total 1 );; line 83549 (wfb::airports niue |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 1 );; line 83551 (wfb::telephone_system niue "383 telephones" );; line 83556 (wfb::telephone_system niue local "NA" );; line 83558 (wfb::telephone_system niue intercity "single-line telephone system connects all villages on island" );; line 83560 (wfb::telephone_system niue international "NA" );; line 83562 (wfb::estimation-date radio niue date_1987 );; line 83567 (wfb::radio niue broadcast_stations am 1000 );; line 83567 (wfb::radio niue broadcast_stations fm 1 );; line 83567 (wfb::radio niue broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 83567 (wfb::radio niue radios n/a );; line 83569 (wfb::television niue broadcast_stations 0 );; line 83574 (wfb::television niue televisions n/a );; line 83576 (wfb::defense_branch niue police_force_niue );; line 83582 (wfb::note niue "defense is the responsibility of New Zealand" );; line 83586 (wfb::markup-parameter figure norfolk_island "graphno=\"nf.tif\"" );; line 83592 (wfb::header norfolk_island "(territory of Australia)" );; line 83592 (wfb::location norfolk_island "Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia" );; line 83596 (wfb::map_references norfolk_island "Oceania" );; line 83600 (wfb::area norfolk_island total_area (* 34.6 sq_km) );; line 83605 (wfb::area norfolk_island land_area (* 34.6 sq_km) );; line 83607 (wfb::area norfolk_island comparative_area "about 0.2 times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 83609 (wfb::coastline norfolk_island (* 32 km) );; line 83617 (wfb::maritime_claims norfolk_island exclusive_fishing_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 83622 (wfb::maritime_claims norfolk_island territorial_sea (* 3 nm) );; line 83624 (wfb::international_disputes norfolk_island "none" );; line 83628 (wfb::climate norfolk_island "subtropical, mild, little seasonal temperature variation" );; line 83632 (wfb::terrain norfolk_island "volcanic formation with mostly rolling plains" );; line 83636 (wfb::natural-resource norfolk_island fish );; line 83640 (wfb::land_use norfolk_island arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 83645 (wfb::land_use norfolk_island permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 83647 (wfb::land_use norfolk_island meadows_and_pastures (* 25 %) );; line 83649 (wfb::land_use norfolk_island forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 83651 (wfb::land_use norfolk_island other (* 75 %) );; line 83653 (wfb::irrigated_land norfolk_island (* n/a sq_km) );; line 83657 (wfb::environment norfolk_island current_issues "NA" );; line 83662 (wfb::environment norfolk_island natural_hazards "typhoons (especially May to July)" );; line 83664 (wfb::environment norfolk_island international_agreements "NA" );; line 83666 (wfb::estimation-date population norfolk_island date_jul_1995 );; line 83672 (wfb::population norfolk_island 2756 );; line 83672 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate norfolk_island date_1995 );; line 83685 (wfb::population_growth_rate norfolk_island (* 1.69 %) );; line 83685 (wfb::nationality norfolk_island noun "Norfolk Islander(s)" );; line 83714 (wfb::nationality norfolk_island adjective "Norfolk Islander(s)" );; line 83716 (wfb::ethnic-entity norfolk_island descendants_of_the_bounty_mutineers n/a );; line 83720 (wfb::ethnic-entity norfolk_island australian n/a );; line 83720 (wfb::ethnic-entity norfolk_island new_zealander n/a );; line 83720 (wfb::measurement-date religion date_1986 );; line 83724 (wfb::religion norfolk_island anglican (* 39 %) );; line 83724 (wfb::religion norfolk_island roman_catholic (* 11.7 %) );; line 83724 (wfb::religion norfolk_island uniting_church_in_australia (* 16.4 %) );; line 83724 (wfb::religion norfolk_island seventh-day_adventist (* 4.4 %) );; line 83724 (wfb::religion norfolk_island unknown (* 16.9 %) );; line 83724 (wfb::language norfolk_island english n/a );; line 83730 (wfb::comment language norfolk_island english "official" );; line 83730 (wfb::total_labor_force norfolk_island n/a );; line 83735 (wfb::names norfolk_island conventional_long_form "Territory of Norfolk Island" );; line 83741 (wfb::names norfolk_island conventional_short_form "Norfolk Island" );; line 83743 (wfb::digraph norfolk_island "NF" );; line 83747 (wfb::type norfolk_island "territory of Australia" );; line 83751 (wfb::comment capital norfolk_island "commercial center" );; line 83755 (wfb::comment independence norfolk_island "territory of Australia" );; line 83763 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1856 );; line 83767 (wfb::comment national_holiday norfolk_island "1856" );; line 83767 (wfb::national_holiday norfolk_island "Pitcairners Arrival Day Anniversary" date_8_jun );; line 83767 (wfb::constitution norfolk_island "Norfolk Island Act of 1979" );; line 83771 (wfb::legal_system norfolk_island "wide legislative and executive responsibility under the Norfolk Island Act of 1979; Supreme Court" );; line 83775 (wfb::comment suffrage norfolk_island " universal" );; line 83780 (wfb::suffrage norfolk_island (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 83780 (wfb::executive_branch norfolk_island head_of_government "Assembly President David Ernest BUFFETT " date_may_1992 );; line 83789 (wfb::executive_branch norfolk_island cabinet "Executive Council" );; line 83791 (wfb::legislative_structure norfolk_island unicameral n/a );; line 83795 (wfb::legislative_branch norfolk_island "Legislative Assembly" "elections last held 20 May 1992 (next to be held NA May 1995); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (9 total) independents 9" );; line 83797 (wfb::judicial_branch norfolk_island "Supreme Court" );; line 83802 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders norfolk_island "NA" );; line 83806 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us norfolk_island "none (territory of Australia)" );; line 83814 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation norfolk_island "none (territory of Australia)" );; line 83818 (wfb::flag norfolk_island "three vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and green with a large green Norfolk Island pine tree centered in the slightly wider white band" );; line 83822 (wfb::overview norfolk_island "The primary economic activity is tourism, which has brought a level of prosperity unusual among inhabitants of the Pacific islands. The number of visitors has increased steadily over the years and reached 29,000 in FY88/89. Revenues from tourism have given the island a favorable balance of trade and helped the agricultural sector to become self-sufficient in the production of beef, poultry, and eggs." );; line 83829 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate norfolk_island (* n/a %) );; line 83842 (wfb::national_product_per_capita norfolk_island (* n/a $) );; line 83846 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| norfolk_island "NA%" );; line 83850 (wfb::unemployment_rate norfolk_island (* n/a %) );; line 83854 (wfb::budget norfolk_island revenues (* n/a $) );; line 83859 (wfb::estimation-date budget norfolk_island date_1989 );; line 83861 (wfb::budget norfolk_island expenditures (* 4.2e6 $) );; line 83861 (wfb::budget norfolk_island capital_expenditures (* 400000 $) );; line 83861 (wfb::exports norfolk_island (* 1.7e6 $) );; line 83866 (wfb::exports norfolk_island commodities postage_stamps n/a );; line 83868 (wfb::exports norfolk_island commodities seeds_of_the_norfolk_island_pine_and_kentia_palm n/a );; line 83868 (wfb::exports norfolk_island commodities small_quantities_of_avocados n/a );; line 83868 (wfb::exports norfolk_island partners australia n/a );; line 83871 (wfb::exports norfolk_island partners pacific_islands n/a );; line 83871 (wfb::exports norfolk_island partners nz n/a );; line 83871 (wfb::exports norfolk_island partners asia n/a );; line 83871 (wfb::exports norfolk_island partners europe n/a );; line 83871 (wfb::imports norfolk_island (* 15.6e6 $) );; line 83875 (wfb::imports norfolk_island partners australia n/a );; line 83879 (wfb::imports norfolk_island partners pacific_islands n/a );; line 83879 (wfb::imports norfolk_island partners nz n/a );; line 83879 (wfb::imports norfolk_island partners asia n/a );; line 83879 (wfb::imports norfolk_island partners europe n/a );; line 83879 (wfb::external_debt norfolk_island (* n/a $) );; line 83883 (wfb::industrial_production norfolk_island growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 83887 (wfb::electricity norfolk_island capacity (* 7000 kw) );; line 83892 (wfb::electricity norfolk_island production (* 8e6 kwh) );; line 83894 (wfb::measurement-date electricity norfolk_island consumption_per_capita date_1990 );; line 83896 (wfb::electricity norfolk_island consumption_per_capita (* 3160 kwh) );; line 83896 (wfb::industry norfolk_island tourism );; line 83900 (wfb::agriculture norfolk_island "Norfolk Island pine seed, Kentia palm seed, cereals, vegetables, fruit, cattle, poultry" );; line 83904 (wfb::economic_aid norfolk_island "none" );; line 83909 (wfb::abbreviation australian_dollar "$A" );; line 83913 (wfb::currency norfolk_island australian_dollar 100 cents );; line 83913 (wfb::exchange_rates norfolk_island "Australian dollars ($A) per US$1 - 1.3058 (January 1995), 1.3667 (1994), 1.4704 (1993), 1.3600 (1992), 1.2835 (1991), 1.2799 (1990)" );; line 83917 (wfb::fiscal_year norfolk_island date_1_jul date_30_jun );; line 83922 (wfb::railroads norfolk_island "0 km" );; line 83927 (wfb::highways norfolk_island total (* 80 km) );; line 83932 (wfb::highways norfolk_island paved (* 53 km) );; line 83934 (wfb::highways norfolk_island (union earth coral ) (* 27 km) );; line 83936 (wfb::merchant_marine norfolk_island "none" );; line 83944 (wfb::airports norfolk_island total 1 );; line 83949 (wfb::airports norfolk_island |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 1 );; line 83951 (wfb::telephone_system norfolk_island "987 telephones (1983)" );; line 83956 (wfb::telephone_system norfolk_island local "NA" );; line 83958 (wfb::telephone_system norfolk_island intercity "NA" );; line 83960 (wfb::telephone_system norfolk_island international "radio link service with Sydney" );; line 83962 (wfb::radio norfolk_island broadcast_stations am 1 );; line 83967 (wfb::radio norfolk_island broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 83967 (wfb::radio norfolk_island broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 83967 (wfb::estimation-date radio norfolk_island radios date_1987 );; line 83969 (wfb::radio norfolk_island radios 1000 );; line 83969 (wfb::television norfolk_island broadcast_stations 0 );; line 83974 (wfb::television norfolk_island televisions n/a );; line 83976 (wfb::note norfolk_island "defense is the responsibility of Australia" );; line 83982 (wfb::markup-parameter figure northern_mariana_islands "graphno=\"cq.tif\"" );; line 83988 (wfb::header northern_mariana_islands "(commonwealth in political union with the US)" );; line 83988 (wfb::location northern_mariana_islands "Oceania, islands in the North Pacific Ocean, about three-quarters of the way from Hawaii to the Philippines" );; line 83993 (wfb::map_references northern_mariana_islands "Oceania" );; line 83998 (wfb::area northern_mariana_islands total_area (* 477 sq_km) );; line 84003 (wfb::area northern_mariana_islands land_area (* 477 sq_km) );; line 84005 (wfb::area northern_mariana_islands comparative_area "slightly more than 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 84007 (wfb::comment area northern_mariana_islands "includes 14 islands including Saipan, Rota, and Tinian" );; line 84009 (wfb::coastline northern_mariana_islands (* 1482 km) );; line 84017 (wfb::maritime_claims northern_mariana_islands exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 84022 (wfb::maritime_claims northern_mariana_islands territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 84024 (wfb::international_disputes northern_mariana_islands "none" );; line 84028 (wfb::climate northern_mariana_islands "tropical marine" );; line 84032 (wfb::climate northern_mariana_islands "moderated by northeast trade winds, little seasonal temperature variation" );; line 84032 (wfb::climate northern_mariana_islands "dry season December to June, rainy season July to October" );; line 84032 (wfb::terrain northern_mariana_islands "southern islands are limestone with level terraces and fringing coral reefs" );; line 84038 (wfb::terrain northern_mariana_islands "northern islands are volcanic" );; line 84038 (wfb::terrain northern_mariana_islands "highest elevation is 471 m (Mt. Okso' Takpochao on Saipan)" );; line 84038 (wfb::natural-resource northern_mariana_islands arable_land );; line 84044 (wfb::natural-resource northern_mariana_islands fish );; line 84044 (wfb::land_use northern_mariana_islands permanent_crops (* n/a %) );; line 84051 (wfb::land_use northern_mariana_islands meadows_and_pastures (* 19 %) );; line 84053 (wfb::land_use northern_mariana_islands forest_and_woodland (* n/a %) );; line 84055 (wfb::land_use northern_mariana_islands other (* n/a %) );; line 84057 (wfb::irrigated_land northern_mariana_islands (* n/a sq_km) );; line 84061 (wfb::environment northern_mariana_islands current_issues "contamination of groundwater on Saipan by raw sewage contributes to disease" );; line 84066 (wfb::environment northern_mariana_islands natural_hazards "active volcanoes on Pagan and Agrihan" );; line 84069 (wfb::environment northern_mariana_islands natural_hazards "typhoons (especially August to November)" );; line 84069 (wfb::environment northern_mariana_islands international_agreements "NA" );; line 84072 (wfb::note northern_mariana_islands "strategic location in the North Pacific Ocean" );; line 84076 (wfb::estimation-date population northern_mariana_islands date_jul_1995 );; line 84082 (wfb::population northern_mariana_islands 51033 );; line 84082 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate northern_mariana_islands date_1995 );; line 84095 (wfb::population_growth_rate northern_mariana_islands (* 3.04 %) );; line 84095 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate northern_mariana_islands date_1995 );; line 84099 (wfb::birth_rate northern_mariana_islands (* 33.05 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 84099 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate northern_mariana_islands date_1995 );; line 84103 (wfb::death_rate northern_mariana_islands (* 4.61 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 84103 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate northern_mariana_islands date_1995 );; line 84107 (wfb::net_migration_rate northern_mariana_islands (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 84107 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate northern_mariana_islands date_1995 );; line 84111 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate northern_mariana_islands (* 37.96 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 84111 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth northern_mariana_islands total_population (* 67.43 years) );; line 84116 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth northern_mariana_islands male (* 65.53 years) );; line 84118 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth northern_mariana_islands female date_1995 );; line 84120 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth northern_mariana_islands female (* 69.48 years) );; line 84120 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate northern_mariana_islands date_1995 );; line 84124 (wfb::total_fertility_rate northern_mariana_islands (* 2.69 children_born/woman) );; line 84124 (wfb::nationality northern_mariana_islands noun "NA" );; line 84129 (wfb::nationality northern_mariana_islands adjective "NA" );; line 84131 (wfb::ethnic-entity northern_mariana_islands chamorro n/a );; line 84135 (wfb::ethnic-entity northern_mariana_islands carolinians_and_other_micronesians n/a );; line 84135 (wfb::ethnic-entity northern_mariana_islands caucasian n/a );; line 84135 (wfb::ethnic-entity northern_mariana_islands japanese-ethnic-entity n/a );; line 84135 (wfb::ethnic-entity northern_mariana_islands chinese n/a );; line 84135 (wfb::ethnic-entity northern_mariana_islands korean-ethnic-entity n/a );; line 84135 (wfb::comment religions northern_mariana_islands "Roman Catholic majority, although traditional beliefs and taboos may still be found" );; line 84140 (wfb::religion northern_mariana_islands christian n/a );; line 84140 (wfb::language northern_mariana_islands english n/a );; line 84145 (wfb::language northern_mariana_islands chamorro-language-group n/a );; line 84145 (wfb::language northern_mariana_islands carolinian n/a );; line 84145 (wfb::comment languages northern_mariana_islands "86% of population speaks a language other than English at home" );; line 84147 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition northern_mariana_islands date_1980 );; line 84151 (wfb::literacy-condition northern_mariana_islands "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 84151 (wfb::literacy northern_mariana_islands total_population (* 97 %) );; line 84153 (wfb::literacy northern_mariana_islands male (* 97 %) );; line 84155 (wfb::literacy northern_mariana_islands female (* 96 %) );; line 84157 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force northern_mariana_islands date_1990 );; line 84161 (wfb::names northern_mariana_islands conventional_long_form "Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands" );; line 84170 (wfb::names northern_mariana_islands conventional_short_form "Northern Mariana Islands" );; line 84172 (wfb::digraph northern_mariana_islands "CQ" );; line 84176 (wfb::type northern_mariana_islands "commonwealth in political union with the US; self-governing with locally elected governor, lieutenant governor, and legislature; federal funds to the Commonwealth administered by the US Department of the Interior, Office of Territorial and International Affairs" );; line 84180 (wfb::capital northern_mariana_islands saipan-northern_mariana_islands );; line 84187 (wfb::comment independence northern_mariana_islands "commonwealth in political union with the US" );; line 84195 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1978 );; line 84199 (wfb::comment national_holiday northern_mariana_islands "1978" );; line 84199 (wfb::national_holiday northern_mariana_islands "Commonwealth Day" date_8_jan );; line 84199 (wfb::constitution northern_mariana_islands "Covenant Agreement effective 3 November 1986 and the Constitution of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands" );; line 84203 (wfb::legal_system northern_mariana_islands "based on US system except for customs, wages, immigration laws, and taxation" );; line 84208 (wfb::comment suffrage northern_mariana_islands " universal; indigenous inhabitants are US citizens but do not vote in US presidential elections" );; line 84213 (wfb::suffrage northern_mariana_islands (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 84213 (wfb::comment executive_branch northern_mariana_islands chief_of_state "Vice President Albert GORE, Jr. (since 20 January 1993)" );; line 84219 (wfb::executive_branch northern_mariana_islands chief_of_state "President William Jefferson CLINTON " date_20_jan_1993 );; line 84219 (wfb::comment executive_branch northern_mariana_islands head_of_government "Lieutenant Governor Jesus C. BORJA (since January 1994)" );; line 84222 (wfb::comment executive_branch northern_mariana_islands head_of_government "election last held in NA November 1993 (next to be held NA November 1997)" );; line 84222 (wfb::comment executive_branch northern_mariana_islands head_of_government "results - Froilan C. TENORIO (Democrat) was elected governor with 56% of the vote" );; line 84222 (wfb::executive_branch northern_mariana_islands head_of_government "Governor Froilan C. TENORIO " date_jan_1994 );; line 84222 (wfb::legislative_structure northern_mariana_islands bicameral "Legislature" );; line 84229 (wfb::legislative_branch northern_mariana_islands "Senate" "elections last held NA November 1993 (next to be held NA November 1995); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (9 total) Republicans retained a majority of the seats" );; line 84231 (wfb::legislative_branch northern_mariana_islands "House of Representatives" "elections last held NA November 1993 (next to be held NA November 1995); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (18 total) Republicans retained a majority of the seats" );; line 84235 (wfb::legislative_branch northern_mariana_islands "US House of Representatives" "the Commonwealth does not have a nonvoting delegate in Congress; instead, it has an elected official \"resident representative\" located in Washington, DC; seats - (1 total) Juan N. BABAUTA (Republican)" );; line 84239 (wfb::judicial_branch northern_mariana_islands "Commonwealth Supreme Court, Superior Court, Federal District Court" );; line 84245 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders northern_mariana_islands "Republican Party, Benigno R. FITIAL, Leader; Democratic Party, Dr. Carlos S. CAMACHO, Chairman" );; line 84250 (wfb::member_of northern_mariana_islands escap );; line 84255 (wfb::comment member_of northern_mariana_islands escap "associate" );; line 84255 (wfb::member_of northern_mariana_islands interpol );; line 84255 (wfb::comment member_of northern_mariana_islands interpol "subbureau" );; line 84255 (wfb::member_of northern_mariana_islands spc );; line 84255 (wfb::flag northern_mariana_islands "blue with a white five-pointed star superimposed on the gray silhouette of a latte stone (a traditional foundation stone used in building) in the center" );; line 84259 (wfb::overview northern_mariana_islands "The economy benefits substantially from financial assistance from the US. The rate of funding has declined as locally generated government revenues have grown. An agreement for the years 1986 to 1992 entitled the islands to $228 million for capital development, government operations, and special programs. A rapidly growing major source of income is the tourist industry, which now employs about 50% of the work force. Japanese tourists predominate. The agricultural sector is of minor importance and is made up of cattle ranches and small farms producing coconuts, breadfruit, tomatoes, and melons. Industry is small scale, mostly handicrafts, light manufacturing, and garment production." );; line 84266 (wfb::estimation-date national_product northern_mariana_islands date_1994 );; line 84279 (wfb::national_product northern_mariana_islands (* 524e6 $) );; line 84279 (wfb::comment national_product northern_mariana_islands "GDP numbers reflect US spending" );; line 84281 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate northern_mariana_islands (* n/a %) );; line 84285 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita northern_mariana_islands date_1994 );; line 84289 (wfb::national_product_per_capita northern_mariana_islands (* 10500 $) );; line 84289 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| northern_mariana_islands "6.5% (1994 est.)" );; line 84293 (wfb::unemployment_rate northern_mariana_islands (* n/a %) );; line 84297 (wfb::budget northern_mariana_islands revenues (* 190.4e6 $) );; line 84302 (wfb::for-fiscal-year budget northern_mariana_islands 94 );; line 84304 (wfb::budget northern_mariana_islands expenditures (* 190.4e6 $) );; line 84304 (wfb::budget northern_mariana_islands capital_expenditures (* 19.1e6 $) );; line 84304 (wfb::exports northern_mariana_islands (* 263.4e6 $) );; line 84309 (wfb::imports northern_mariana_islands (* 392.4e6 $) );; line 84317 (wfb::imports northern_mariana_islands commodities food n/a );; line 84319 (wfb::imports northern_mariana_islands commodities construction_equipment_and_materials n/a );; line 84319 (wfb::imports northern_mariana_islands commodities petroleum_products-commodity n/a );; line 84319 (wfb::imports northern_mariana_islands partners us n/a );; line 84321 (wfb::imports northern_mariana_islands partners japan n/a );; line 84321 (wfb::external_debt northern_mariana_islands (* n/a $) );; line 84325 (wfb::industrial_production northern_mariana_islands growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 84329 (wfb::electricity northern_mariana_islands capacity (* 105000 kw) );; line 84334 (wfb::electricity northern_mariana_islands production (* n/a kwh) );; line 84336 (wfb::electricity northern_mariana_islands consumption_per_capita (* n/a kwh) );; line 84338 (wfb::industry northern_mariana_islands tourism );; line 84342 (wfb::industry northern_mariana_islands construction-industry );; line 84342 (wfb::industry northern_mariana_islands light_industry );; line 84342 (wfb::industry northern_mariana_islands handicrafts );; line 84342 (wfb::agriculture northern_mariana_islands "coconuts, fruits, cattle, vegetables; food is a major import" );; line 84346 (wfb::economic_aid northern_mariana_islands "none" );; line 84350 (wfb::abbreviation united_states_dollar "US$" );; line 84354 (wfb::currency northern_mariana_islands united_states_dollar 100 cents );; line 84354 (wfb::exchange_rates northern_mariana_islands "US currency is used" );; line 84358 (wfb::fiscal_year northern_mariana_islands date_1_oct date_30_sep );; line 84362 (wfb::railroads northern_mariana_islands "0 km" );; line 84367 (wfb::highways northern_mariana_islands total (* 381.5 km) );; line 84372 (wfb::measurement-date highways northern_mariana_islands date_1991 );; line 84378 (wfb::highways northern_mariana_islands primary (* 134.5 km) );; line 84378 (wfb::highways northern_mariana_islands secondary (* 55 km) );; line 84378 (wfb::highways northern_mariana_islands local (* 192 km) );; line 84378 (wfb::inland_waterways northern_mariana_islands "none" );; line 84382 (wfb::port northern_mariana_islands saipan-northern_mariana_islands );; line 84386 (wfb::port northern_mariana_islands tinian-northern_mariana_islands );; line 84386 (wfb::merchant_marine northern_mariana_islands "none" );; line 84390 (wfb::airports northern_mariana_islands total 8 );; line 84395 (wfb::airports northern_mariana_islands |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 84397 (wfb::airports northern_mariana_islands |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 3 );; line 84399 (wfb::airports northern_mariana_islands with_paved_runways_under_914_m 3 );; line 84401 (wfb::airports northern_mariana_islands |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 84403 (wfb::telephone_system northern_mariana_islands "NA telephones" );; line 84408 (wfb::telephone_system northern_mariana_islands local "NA" );; line 84410 (wfb::telephone_system northern_mariana_islands intercity "NA" );; line 84412 (wfb::telephone_system northern_mariana_islands international "2 INTELSAT (Pacific Ocean) earth stations" );; line 84414 (wfb::measurement-date radio northern_mariana_islands date_1984 );; line 84419 (wfb::radio northern_mariana_islands broadcast_stations am 2 );; line 84419 (wfb::radio northern_mariana_islands broadcast_stations fm 1 );; line 84419 (wfb::radio northern_mariana_islands broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 84419 (wfb::radio northern_mariana_islands radios n/a );; line 84421 (wfb::television northern_mariana_islands televisions n/a );; line 84428 (wfb::note northern_mariana_islands "defense is the responsibility of the US" );; line 84434 (wfb::markup-parameter figure norway "graphno=\"no.tif\"" );; line 84440 (wfb::location norway "Northern Europe, bordering the North Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, west of Sweden" );; line 84444 (wfb::map_references norway "Europe" );; line 84449 (wfb::area norway total_area (* 324220 sq_km) );; line 84454 (wfb::area norway land_area (* 307860 sq_km) );; line 84456 (wfb::area norway comparative_area "slightly larger than New Mexico" );; line 84458 (wfb::borders norway total (* 2515 km) );; line 84462 (wfb::borders norway finland (* 729 km) );; line 84462 (wfb::borders norway sweden (* 1619 km) );; line 84462 (wfb::borders norway russia (* 167 km) );; line 84462 (wfb::comment coastline norway "includes mainland 3,419 km, large islands 2,413 km, long fjords, numerous small islands, and minor indentations 16,093 km" );; line 84466 (wfb::coastline norway (* 21925 km) );; line 84466 (wfb::maritime_claims norway contiguous_zone (* 10 nm) );; line 84472 (wfb::maritime_claims norway continental_shelf (* 200 nm) );; line 84474 (wfb::maritime_claims norway exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 84476 (wfb::maritime_claims norway territorial_sea (* 4 nm) );; line 84478 (wfb::international_disputes norway "territorial claim in Antarctica (Queen Maud Land)" );; line 84482 (wfb::international_disputes norway "maritime boundary dispute with Russia over portion of Barents Sea" );; line 84482 (wfb::climate norway "temperate along coast, modified by North Atlantic Current" );; line 84487 (wfb::climate norway "colder interior" );; line 84487 (wfb::climate norway "rainy year-round on west coast" );; line 84487 (wfb::terrain norway "glaciated" );; line 84492 (wfb::terrain norway "mostly high plateaus and rugged mountains broken by fertile valleys" );; line 84492 (wfb::terrain norway "small, scattered plains" );; line 84492 (wfb::terrain norway "coastline deeply indented by fjords" );; line 84492 (wfb::terrain norway "arctic tundra in north" );; line 84492 (wfb::natural-resource norway petroleum );; line 84498 (wfb::natural-resource norway copper );; line 84498 (wfb::natural-resource norway natural_gas );; line 84498 (wfb::natural-resource norway pyrites );; line 84498 (wfb::natural-resource norway nickel );; line 84498 (wfb::natural-resource norway iron_ore );; line 84498 (wfb::natural-resource norway zinc );; line 84498 (wfb::natural-resource norway lead );; line 84498 (wfb::natural-resource norway fish );; line 84498 (wfb::natural-resource norway timber );; line 84498 (wfb::natural-resource norway hydropower-natural-resource );; line 84498 (wfb::land_use norway arable_land (* 3 %) );; line 84504 (wfb::land_use norway permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 84506 (wfb::land_use norway meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 84508 (wfb::land_use norway forest_and_woodland (* 27 %) );; line 84510 (wfb::land_use norway other (* 70 %) );; line 84512 (wfb::measurement-date irrigated_land norway date_1989 );; line 84516 (wfb::irrigated_land norway (* 950 sq_km) );; line 84516 (wfb::environment norway current_issues "water pollution" );; line 84521 (wfb::environment norway current_issues "acid rain damaging forests and adversely affecting lakes, threatening fish stocks" );; line 84521 (wfb::environment norway current_issues "air pollution from vehicle emissions" );; line 84521 (wfb::environment norway natural_hazards "NA" );; line 84524 (wfb::environment norway international_agreements "party to - Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands, Whaling" );; line 84526 (wfb::environment norway international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Desertification, Law of the Sea, Tropical Timber 94" );; line 84526 (wfb::note norway "about two-thirds mountains; some 50,000 islands off its much indented coastline; strategic location adjacent to sea lanes and air routes in North Atlantic; one of most rugged and longest coastlines in world; Norway and Turkey only NATO members having a land boundary with Russia" );; line 84536 (wfb::estimation-date population norway date_jul_1995 );; line 84545 (wfb::population norway 4330951 );; line 84545 (wfb::age_structure norway 0-14_years (* 19 %) );; line 84550 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex norway 0-14_years female 390344 );; line 84550 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex norway 0-14_years male 444570 );; line 84550 (wfb::age_structure norway 15-64_years (* 65 %) );; line 84552 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex norway 15-64_years female 1375493 );; line 84552 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex norway 15-64_years male 1424027 );; line 84552 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure norway 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 84554 (wfb::age_structure norway 65_years_and_over (* 16 %) );; line 84554 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex norway 65_years_and_over female 408675 );; line 84554 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex norway 65_years_and_over male 287842 );; line 84554 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate norway date_1995 );; line 84558 (wfb::population_growth_rate norway (* 0.37 %) );; line 84558 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate norway date_1995 );; line 84562 (wfb::birth_rate norway (* 12.86 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 84562 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate norway date_1995 );; line 84566 (wfb::death_rate norway (* 10.35 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 84566 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate norway date_1995 );; line 84570 (wfb::net_migration_rate norway (* 1.15 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 84570 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate norway date_1995 );; line 84574 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate norway (* 6.1 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 84574 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth norway total_population (* 77.61 years) );; line 84579 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth norway male (* 74.26 years) );; line 84581 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth norway female date_1995 );; line 84583 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth norway female (* 81.15 years) );; line 84583 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate norway date_1995 );; line 84587 (wfb::total_fertility_rate norway (* 1.76 children_born/woman) );; line 84587 (wfb::nationality norway noun "Norwegian(s)" );; line 84592 (wfb::nationality norway adjective "Norwegian" );; line 84594 (wfb::ethnic-entity norway germanic n/a );; line 84598 (wfb::ethnic-entity norway |Lapps (Sami) 20,000| n/a );; line 84598 (wfb::measurement-date religion date_1980 );; line 84602 (wfb::comment religion "state church" );; line 84602 (wfb::religion norway evangelical_lutheran (* 87.8 %) );; line 84602 (wfb::religion norway unknown (* 5.2 %) );; line 84602 (wfb::language norway norwegian n/a );; line 84607 (wfb::comment language norway norwegian "official" );; line 84607 (wfb::comment languages norway "small Lapp- and Finnish-speaking minorities" );; line 84609 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition norway date_1976 );; line 84613 (wfb::literacy-condition norway "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 84613 (wfb::literacy norway total_population (* 99 %) );; line 84615 (wfb::total_labor_force norway 2.13e6 );; line 84619 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force norway by_occupation date_1992 );; line 84621 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1992 );; line 84621 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation norway services (* 71 %) );; line 84621 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation norway industry (* 23 %) );; line 84621 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation norway agriculture n/a );; line 84621 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation norway forestry n/a );; line 84621 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation norway fishing-occupation-type (* 6 %) );; line 84621 (wfb::names norway conventional_long_form "Kingdom of Norway" );; line 84628 (wfb::names norway conventional_short_form "Norway" );; line 84630 (wfb::names norway local_long_form "Kongeriket Norge" );; line 84632 (wfb::names norway local_short_form "Norge" );; line 84634 (wfb::digraph norway "NO" );; line 84638 (wfb::type norway "constitutional monarchy" );; line 84642 (wfb::capital norway oslo-norway );; line 84646 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_norway_provinces "provinces" "fylker" "fylke" );; line 84650 (wfb::administrative_divisions norway adm_div_norway_provinces 19 );; line 84650 (wfb::administrative_division_of norway adm_div_norway_provinces "Akershus" );; line 84650 (wfb::administrative_division_of norway adm_div_norway_provinces "Aust-Agder" );; line 84650 (wfb::administrative_division_of norway adm_div_norway_provinces "Buskerud" );; line 84650 (wfb::administrative_division_of norway adm_div_norway_provinces "Finnmark" );; line 84650 (wfb::administrative_division_of norway adm_div_norway_provinces "Hedmark" );; line 84650 (wfb::administrative_division_of norway adm_div_norway_provinces "Hordaland" );; line 84650 (wfb::administrative_division_of norway adm_div_norway_provinces "More og Romsdal" );; line 84650 (wfb::administrative_division_of norway adm_div_norway_provinces "Nordland" );; line 84650 (wfb::administrative_division_of norway adm_div_norway_provinces "Nord-Trondelag" );; line 84650 (wfb::administrative_division_of norway adm_div_norway_provinces "Oppland" );; line 84650 (wfb::administrative_division_of norway adm_div_norway_provinces "Oslo" );; line 84650 (wfb::administrative_division_of norway adm_div_norway_provinces "Ostfold" );; line 84650 (wfb::administrative_division_of norway adm_div_norway_provinces "Rogaland" );; line 84650 (wfb::administrative_division_of norway adm_div_norway_provinces "Sogn og Fjordane" );; line 84650 (wfb::administrative_division_of norway adm_div_norway_provinces "Sor-Trondelag" );; line 84650 (wfb::administrative_division_of norway adm_div_norway_provinces "Telemark" );; line 84650 (wfb::administrative_division_of norway adm_div_norway_provinces "Troms" );; line 84650 (wfb::administrative_division_of norway adm_div_norway_provinces "Vest-Agder" );; line 84650 (wfb::administrative_division_of norway adm_div_norway_provinces "Vestfold" );; line 84650 (wfb::dependent_areas norway "Bouvet Island, Jan Mayen, Svalbard" );; line 84657 (wfb::independence norway date_26_oct_1905 "Sweden" );; line 84661 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1814 );; line 84665 (wfb::comment national_holiday norway "1814" );; line 84665 (wfb::national_holiday norway "Constitution Day" date_17_may );; line 84665 (wfb::constitution norway "17 May 1814, modified in 1884" );; line 84669 (wfb::legal_system norway "mixture of customary law, civil law system, and common law traditions; Supreme Court renders advisory opinions to legislature when asked; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations" );; line 84673 (wfb::comment suffrage norway " universal" );; line 84679 (wfb::suffrage norway (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 84679 (wfb::comment executive_branch norway chief_of_state "Heir Apparent Crown Prince HAAKON MAGNUS (born 20 July 1973)" );; line 84684 (wfb::executive_branch norway chief_of_state "King HARALD V " date_17_jan_1991 );; line 84684 (wfb::executive_branch norway head_of_government "Prime Minister Gro Harlem BRUNDTLAND " date_3_nov_1990 );; line 84687 (wfb::comment executive_branch norway cabinet "appointed by the king in accordance with the will of the Storting" );; line 84689 (wfb::executive_branch norway cabinet "State Council" );; line 84689 (wfb::legislative_branch norway "Storting" "elections last held 13 September 1993 (next to be held September 1997); results - Labor 37.1%, Center Party 18.5%, Conservatives 15.6%, Christian People's 8.4%, Socialist Left 7.9%, Progress 6%, Left Party 3.6%, Red Electoral Alliance 1.2%; seats - (165 total) Labor 67, Center Party 32, Consevatives 18, Christian People's 13, Socialist Left 13, Progress 10, Left Party 1, Red Electoral Alliance 1, unawarded 10" );; line 84697 (wfb::comment legislative_branch norway "for certain purposes, the Storting divides itself into two chambers and elects one-fourth of its membership to an upper house or Lagting" );; line 84704 (wfb::judicial_branch norway "Supreme Court (Hoyesterett)" );; line 84709 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders norway "Labor Party, Thorbjorn JAGLUND; Conservative Party, Jan PETERSEN; Center Party, Anne ENGER LAHNSTEIN; Christian People's Party, Kjell Magne BONDEVIK; Socialist Left, Kjellbjorg LUNDE; Norwegian Communist, Kare Andre NILSEN; Progress Party, Carl I. HAGEN; Liberal, Odd Einar DORUM; Left Party; Red Electoral Alliance, Erling FOLKVORD" );; line 84713 (wfb::member_of norway afdb );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway asdb );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway australia_group );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway bis );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway cbss );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway ccc );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway ce );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway cern );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway ebrd );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway ece );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway efta );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway esa );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway fao );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway gatt );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway iadb );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway iaea );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway ibrd );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway icao );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway icc );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway icftu );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway icrm );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway ida );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway iea );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway ifad );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway ifc );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway ifrcs );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway ilo );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway imf );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway imo );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway inmarsat );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway intelsat );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway interpol );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway ioc );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway iom );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway iso );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway itu );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway mtcr );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway nacc );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway nam );; line 84721 (wfb::comment member_of norway nam "guest" );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway nato );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway nc );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway nea );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway nib );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway nsg );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway oecd );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway osce );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway pca );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway un );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway unavem_ii );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway unctad );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway unesco );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway unhcr );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway unido );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway unifil );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway unikom );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway unitar );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway unmogip );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway unomoz );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway unprofor );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway untso );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway upu );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway weu );; line 84721 (wfb::comment member_of norway weu "associate" );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway who );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway wipo );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway wmo );; line 84721 (wfb::member_of norway zc );; line 84721 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us norway chief_of_mission "Ambassador Kjeld VIBE" );; line 84731 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us norway chancery "2720 34th Street NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 84733 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us norway telephone "[1] (202) 333-6000" );; line 84735 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us norway fax "[1] (202) 337-0870" );; line 84737 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us norway |consulate(s) general| "Houston, Los Angeles, Minneapolis, New York, and San Francisco" );; line 84739 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us norway |consulate(s)| "Miami" );; line 84741 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation norway chief_of_mission "Ambassador Thomas A. LOFTUS" );; line 84746 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation norway embassy "Drammensveien 18, 0244 Oslo" );; line 84748 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation norway mailing_address "PSC 69, Box 1000, APO AE 09707" );; line 84750 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation norway telephone "[47] 22 44 85 50" );; line 84752 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation norway fax "[47] 22 44 33 63" );; line 84754 (wfb::flag norway "red with a blue cross outlined in white that extends to the edges of the flag; the vertical part of the cross is shifted to the hoist side in the style of the Dannebrog (Danish flag)" );; line 84758 (wfb::overview norway "Norway has a mixed economy involving a combination of free market activity and government intervention. The government controls key areas, such as the vital petroleum sector (through large-scale state enterprises) and extensively subsidizes agriculture, fishing, and areas with sparse resources. Norway also maintains an extensive welfare system that helps propel public sector expenditures to slightly more than 50% of the GDP and results in one of the highest average tax burdens in the world (54%). A small country with a high dependence on international trade, Norway is basically an exporter of raw materials and semiprocessed goods, with an abundance of small- and medium-sized firms, and is ranked among the major shipping nations. The country is richly endowed with natural resources - petroleum, hydropower, fish, forests, and minerals - and is highly dependent on its oil sector to keep its economy afloat. Norway imports more than half its food needs. Although one of the government's main priorities is to reduce this dependency, this situation is not likely to improve for years to come. The government also hopes to reduce unemployment and strengthen and diversify the economy through tax reform and a series of expansionary budgets. The budget deficit is expected to hit a record 8% of GDP because of welfare spending and bail-outs of the banking system. Unemployment is currently running at 8.4% - including those in job programs - because of the weakness of the economy outside the oil sector. Economic growth, only 1.6% in 1993, moved up to 5.5% in 1994. Oslo opted to stay out of the EU during a referendum in November 1994." );; line 84765 (wfb::estimation-date national_product norway date_1994 );; line 84790 (wfb::national_product norway (* 95.7e9 $) );; line 84790 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate norway date_1994 );; line 84794 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate norway (* 5.5 %) );; line 84794 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita norway date_1994 );; line 84798 (wfb::national_product_per_capita norway (* 22170 $) );; line 84798 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| norway "1.3% (1994 est.)" );; line 84802 (wfb::budget norway revenues (* 50.9e9 $) );; line 84811 (wfb::estimation-date budget norway date_1994 );; line 84813 (wfb::budget norway expenditures (* 55.5e9 $) );; line 84813 (wfb::budget norway capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 84813 (wfb::exports norway (* 36.6e9 $) );; line 84817 (wfb::exports norway commodities petroleum_and_petroleum_products (* 40 %) );; line 84819 (wfb::exports norway commodities metals_and_products (* 10.6 %) );; line 84819 (wfb::exports norway commodities fish_and_fish_products (* 6.9 %) );; line 84819 (wfb::exports norway commodities chemicals-commodity (* 6.4 %) );; line 84819 (wfb::exports norway commodities natural_gas-commodity (* 6.0 %) );; line 84819 (wfb::exports norway commodities ships (* 5.4 %) );; line 84819 (wfb::measurement-date exports norway date_1993 );; line 84822 (wfb::exports norway partners ec (* 66.3 %) );; line 84822 (wfb::exports norway partners nordic_countries (* 16.3 %) );; line 84822 (wfb::exports norway partners developing_countries (* 8.4 %) );; line 84822 (wfb::exports norway partners us (* 6.0 %) );; line 84822 (wfb::exports norway partners japan (* 1.8 %) );; line 84822 (wfb::imports norway (* 29.3e9 $) );; line 84827 (wfb::imports norway commodities machinery_and_equipment (* 38.9 %) );; line 84829 (wfb::imports norway commodities chemicals_and_other_industrial_inputs (* 26.6 %) );; line 84829 (wfb::imports norway commodities manufactured_consumer_goods (* 17.8 %) );; line 84829 (wfb::imports norway commodities foodstuffs (* 6.4 %) );; line 84829 (wfb::measurement-date imports norway date_1993 );; line 84832 (wfb::imports norway partners ec (* 48.6 %) );; line 84832 (wfb::imports norway partners nordic_countries (* 25.1 %) );; line 84832 (wfb::imports norway partners developing_countries (* 9.6 %) );; line 84832 (wfb::imports norway partners us (* 8.1 %) );; line 84832 (wfb::imports norway partners japan (* 8.0 %) );; line 84832 (wfb::external_debt norway (* n/a $) );; line 84837 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 84841 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production norway date_1994 );; line 84841 (wfb::industrial_production norway growth_rate (* 4.6 %) );; line 84841 (wfb::industrial_production norway accounts_for (* 14 %_of_gdp) );; line 84841 (wfb::electricity norway capacity (* 27280000 kw) );; line 84846 (wfb::electricity norway production (* 118e9 kwh) );; line 84848 (wfb::measurement-date electricity norway consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 84850 (wfb::electricity norway consumption_per_capita (* 23735 kwh) );; line 84850 (wfb::industry norway petroleum-industry );; line 84854 (wfb::industry norway gas-industry );; line 84854 (wfb::industry norway food_processing );; line 84854 (wfb::industry norway shipbuilding );; line 84854 (wfb::industry norway pulp_and_paper_products );; line 84854 (wfb::industry norway metals-industry );; line 84854 (wfb::industry norway chemicals );; line 84854 (wfb::industry norway timber-industry );; line 84854 (wfb::industry norway mining );; line 84854 (wfb::industry norway textiles );; line 84854 (wfb::industry norway fishing-industry );; line 84854 (wfb::agriculture norway "accounts for 3% of GDP and about 6% of labor force; among world's top 10 fishing nations; livestock output exceeds value of crops; fish catch of 1.76 million metric tons in 1989" );; line 84859 (wfb::illicit_drugs norway "transshipment point for drugs shipped via the CIS and Baltic states for the European market" );; line 84865 (wfb::economic_aid norway donor "ODA and OOF commitments (1970-89), $4.4 billion" );; line 84871 (wfb::abbreviation norwegian_krone "NKr" );; line 84875 (wfb::currency norway norwegian_krone 100 oere );; line 84875 (wfb::exchange_rates norway "Norwegian kroner (NKr) per US$1 - 6.7014 (January 1995), 7.0469 (1994), 7.0941 (1993), 6.2145 (1992), 6.4829 (1991), 6.2597 (1990)" );; line 84879 (wfb::fiscal_year norway date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 84884 (wfb::railroads norway total "4,026 km" );; line 84890 (wfb::railroads norway standard_gauge "4,026 km 1.435-m gauge (2,422 km electrified; 96 km double track) (1994)" );; line 84892 (wfb::highways norway total (* 88922 km) );; line 84898 (wfb::comment highways norway paved "75 km of expressway" );; line 84900 (wfb::measurement-date highways norway date_1990 );; line 84902 (wfb::highways norway (union gravel crushed_stone earth ) (* 27566 km) );; line 84902 (wfb::inland_waterways norway "1,577 km along west coast; 2.4 m draft vessels maximum" );; line 84906 (wfb::pipelines refined_products (* 53 km) );; line 84910 (wfb::port norway bergen-norway );; line 84914 (wfb::port norway drammen-norway );; line 84914 (wfb::port norway flora-norway );; line 84914 (wfb::port norway hammerfest-norway );; line 84914 (wfb::port norway harstad-norway );; line 84914 (wfb::port norway haugesund-norway );; line 84914 (wfb::port norway kristiansand-norway );; line 84914 (wfb::port norway larvik-norway );; line 84914 (wfb::port norway narvik-norway );; line 84914 (wfb::port norway oslo-norway );; line 84914 (wfb::port norway porsgrunn-norway );; line 84914 (wfb::port norway stavanger-norway );; line 84914 (wfb::port norway tromso-norway );; line 84914 (wfb::port norway trondheim-norway );; line 84914 (wfb::merchant_marine norway total "764 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 20,793,968 GRT/35,409,472 DWT" );; line 84920 (wfb::merchant_marine norway ships_by_type "bulk 159, cargo 92, chemical tanker 85, combination bulk 8, combination ore/oil 28, container 17, liquefied gas tanker 81, oil tanker 162, passenger 13, passenger-cargo 2, railcar carrier 1, refrigerated cargo 13, roll-on/roll-off cargo 54, short-sea passenger 21, vehicle carrier 28" );; line 84923 (wfb::comment merchant_marine norway "the government has created a captive register, the Norwegian International Ship Register (NIS), as a subset of the Norwegian register; ships on the NIS enjoy many benefits of flags of convenience and do not have to be crewed by Norwegians" );; line 84928 (wfb::airports norway total 104 );; line 84936 (wfb::airports norway |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 84938 (wfb::airports norway |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 12 );; line 84940 (wfb::airports norway |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 13 );; line 84942 (wfb::airports norway |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 10 );; line 84944 (wfb::airports norway with_paved_runways_under_914_m 62 );; line 84946 (wfb::airports norway |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 6 );; line 84948 (wfb::telephone_system norway "3,102,000 telephones; high-quality domestic and international telephone, telegraph, and telex services" );; line 84953 (wfb::telephone_system norway local "NA" );; line 84956 (wfb::telephone_system norway intercity "domestic earth stations" );; line 84958 (wfb::telephone_system norway international "2 buried coaxial cable systems; 4 coaxial submarine cables; EUTELSAT, INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean), and MARISAT earth stations" );; line 84960 (wfb::radio norway broadcast_stations am 46 );; line 84966 (wfb::comment radio norway broadcast_stations fm "350 private and 143 government" );; line 84966 (wfb::radio norway broadcast_stations fm 493 );; line 84966 (wfb::radio norway broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 84966 (wfb::radio norway radios 3.3e6 );; line 84968 (wfb::comment television norway broadcast_stations "repeaters 2,100" );; line 84973 (wfb::television norway broadcast_stations 54 );; line 84973 (wfb::television norway televisions 1.5e6 );; line 84975 (wfb::defense_branch norway norwegian_army_norway );; line 84981 (wfb::defense_branch norway royal_norwegian_navy_norway );; line 84981 (wfb::defense_branch norway royal_norwegian_air_force_norway );; line 84981 (wfb::defense_branch norway home_guard_norway );; line 84981 (wfb::manpower_availability norway "males age 15-49 1,116,130; males fit for military service 928,774; males reach military age (20) annually 29,123 (1995 est.)" );; line 84986 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures norway date_1994 );; line 84991 (wfb::defense_expenditures norway (* 3.4e9 $) );; line 84991 (wfb::defense_expenditures norway (* 3.2 %_of_gdp) );; line 84991 (wfb::markup-parameter figure oman "graphno=\"mu.tif\"" );; line 84998 (wfb::location oman "Middle East, bordering the Arabian Sea, Gulf of Oman, and Persian Gulf, between Yemen and the United Arab Emirates" );; line 85002 (wfb::map_references oman "Middle East" );; line 85007 (wfb::area oman total_area (* 212460 sq_km) );; line 85012 (wfb::area oman land_area (* 212460 sq_km) );; line 85014 (wfb::area oman comparative_area "slightly smaller than Kansas" );; line 85016 (wfb::borders oman total (* 1374 km) );; line 85020 (wfb::borders oman saudi_arabia (* 676 km) );; line 85020 (wfb::borders oman uae (* 410 km) );; line 85020 (wfb::borders oman yemen (* 288 km) );; line 85020 (wfb::coastline oman (* 2092 km) );; line 85024 (wfb::maritime_claims oman contiguous_zone (* 24 nm) );; line 85029 (wfb::maritime_claims oman exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 85031 (wfb::maritime_claims oman territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 85033 (wfb::international_disputes oman "no defined boundary with most of UAE" );; line 85037 (wfb::international_disputes oman "Administrative Line with UAE in far north" );; line 85037 (wfb::climate oman "dry desert" );; line 85042 (wfb::climate oman "hot, humid along coast" );; line 85042 (wfb::climate oman "hot, dry interior" );; line 85042 (wfb::climate oman "strong southwest summer monsoon (May to September) in far south" );; line 85042 (wfb::terrain oman "vast central desert plain, rugged mountains in north and south" );; line 85047 (wfb::natural-resource oman petroleum );; line 85051 (wfb::natural-resource oman copper );; line 85051 (wfb::natural-resource oman asbestos );; line 85051 (wfb::natural-resource oman some_marble );; line 85051 (wfb::natural-resource oman limestone );; line 85051 (wfb::natural-resource oman chromium );; line 85051 (wfb::natural-resource oman gypsum );; line 85051 (wfb::natural-resource oman natural_gas );; line 85051 (wfb::land_use oman permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 85059 (wfb::land_use oman meadows_and_pastures (* 5 %) );; line 85061 (wfb::land_use oman forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 85063 (wfb::land_use oman other (* 93 %) );; line 85065 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land oman date_1989 );; line 85069 (wfb::irrigated_land oman (* 410 sq_km) );; line 85069 (wfb::environment oman current_issues "rising soil salinity" );; line 85074 (wfb::environment oman current_issues "beach pollution from oil spills" );; line 85074 (wfb::environment oman current_issues "very limited natural fresh water resources" );; line 85074 (wfb::environment oman natural_hazards "summer winds often raise large sandstorms and duststorms in interior" );; line 85077 (wfb::environment oman natural_hazards "periodic droughts" );; line 85077 (wfb::environment oman international_agreements "party to - Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ship Pollution, Whaling" );; line 85080 (wfb::environment oman international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Climate Change" );; line 85080 (wfb::note oman "strategic location with small foothold on Musandam Peninsula controlling Strait of Hormuz, a vital transit point for world crude oil" );; line 85085 (wfb::estimation-date population oman date_jul_1995 );; line 85092 (wfb::population oman 2125089 );; line 85092 (wfb::age_structure oman 0-14_years (* 46 %) );; line 85097 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex oman 0-14_years female 480974 );; line 85097 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex oman 0-14_years male 498619 );; line 85097 (wfb::age_structure oman 15-64_years (* 51 %) );; line 85099 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex oman 15-64_years female 493685 );; line 85099 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex oman 15-64_years male 593740 );; line 85099 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure oman 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 85101 (wfb::age_structure oman 65_years_and_over (* 3 %) );; line 85101 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex oman 65_years_and_over female 31826 );; line 85101 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex oman 65_years_and_over male 26245 );; line 85101 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate oman date_1995 );; line 85105 (wfb::population_growth_rate oman (* 3.71 %) );; line 85105 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate oman date_1995 );; line 85109 (wfb::birth_rate oman (* 38.05 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 85109 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate oman date_1995 );; line 85113 (wfb::death_rate oman (* 5 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 85113 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate oman date_1995 );; line 85117 (wfb::net_migration_rate oman (* 4.09 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 85117 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate oman date_1995 );; line 85121 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate oman (* 34.3 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 85121 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth oman total_population (* 70.25 years) );; line 85126 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth oman male (* 68.31 years) );; line 85128 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth oman female date_1995 );; line 85130 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth oman female (* 72.29 years) );; line 85130 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate oman date_1995 );; line 85134 (wfb::total_fertility_rate oman (* 6.16 children_born/woman) );; line 85134 (wfb::nationality oman noun "Omani(s)" );; line 85139 (wfb::nationality oman adjective "Omani" );; line 85141 (wfb::comment ethnic_divisions oman "Indian, Pakistani, Sri Lankan, Bangladeshi" );; line 85145 (wfb::ethnic-entity oman arab n/a );; line 85145 (wfb::ethnic-entity oman baluchi n/a );; line 85145 (wfb::ethnic-entity oman south_asian n/a );; line 85145 (wfb::religion oman ibadhi_muslim (* 75 %) );; line 85150 (wfb::religion oman sunni_muslim n/a );; line 85150 (wfb::religion oman |Shi'a Muslim| n/a );; line 85150 (wfb::religion oman hindu n/a );; line 85150 (wfb::language oman arabic n/a );; line 85154 (wfb::comment language oman arabic "official" );; line 85154 (wfb::language oman english n/a );; line 85154 (wfb::language oman baluchi-language-group n/a );; line 85154 (wfb::language oman urdu n/a );; line 85154 (wfb::language oman indian_dialects n/a );; line 85154 (wfb::literacy-condition oman "NA%" );; line 85158 (wfb::comment labor_force_by_occupation oman "est." );; line 85164 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation oman agriculture (* 40 %) );; line 85164 (wfb::names oman conventional_long_form "Sultanate of Oman" );; line 85170 (wfb::names oman conventional_short_form "Oman" );; line 85172 (wfb::names oman local_long_form "Saltanat Uman" );; line 85174 (wfb::names oman local_short_form "Uman" );; line 85176 (wfb::digraph oman "MU" );; line 85180 (wfb::type oman "monarchy" );; line 85184 (wfb::capital oman muscat-oman );; line 85188 (wfb::comment independence oman "expulsion of the Portuguese" );; line 85198 (wfb::independence oman date_1650 "n/a" );; line 85198 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1940 );; line 85202 (wfb::comment national_holiday oman "1940" );; line 85202 (wfb::national_holiday oman "National Day" date_18_nov );; line 85202 (wfb::constitution oman "none" );; line 85206 (wfb::legal_system oman "based on English common law and Islamic law; ultimate appeal to the sultan; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 85210 (wfb::executive_branch oman chief_of_state "Sultan and Prime Minister QABOOS bin Said Al Said " date_23_jul_1970 );; line 85220 (wfb::executive_branch oman head_of_government "Sultan and Prime Minister QABOOS bin Said Al Said " date_23_jul_1970 );; line 85220 (wfb::executive_branch oman cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 85223 (wfb::legislative_structure oman unicameral "Consultative Council" );; line 85227 (wfb::judicial_branch oman "none; traditional Islamic judges and a nascent civil court system" );; line 85231 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders oman "none" );; line 85235 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups oman "NA" );; line 85239 (wfb::member_of oman abeda );; line 85243 (wfb::member_of oman afesd );; line 85243 (wfb::member_of oman al );; line 85243 (wfb::member_of oman amf );; line 85243 (wfb::member_of oman escwa );; line 85243 (wfb::member_of oman fao );; line 85243 (wfb::member_of oman g-77 );; line 85243 (wfb::member_of oman gcc );; line 85243 (wfb::member_of oman ibrd );; line 85243 (wfb::member_of oman icao );; line 85243 (wfb::member_of oman ida );; line 85243 (wfb::member_of oman idb );; line 85243 (wfb::member_of oman ifad );; line 85243 (wfb::member_of oman ifc );; line 85243 (wfb::member_of oman ilo );; line 85243 (wfb::member_of oman imf );; line 85243 (wfb::member_of oman imo );; line 85243 (wfb::member_of oman inmarsat );; line 85243 (wfb::member_of oman intelsat );; line 85243 (wfb::member_of oman interpol );; line 85243 (wfb::member_of oman ioc );; line 85243 (wfb::member_of oman iso );; line 85243 (wfb::comment member_of oman iso "correspondent" );; line 85243 (wfb::member_of oman itu );; line 85243 (wfb::member_of oman nam );; line 85243 (wfb::member_of oman oic );; line 85243 (wfb::member_of oman un );; line 85243 (wfb::member_of oman unctad );; line 85243 (wfb::member_of oman unesco );; line 85243 (wfb::member_of oman unido );; line 85243 (wfb::member_of oman upu );; line 85243 (wfb::member_of oman wftu );; line 85243 (wfb::member_of oman who );; line 85243 (wfb::member_of oman wmo );; line 85243 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us oman chief_of_mission "Ambassador Abdallah bin Muhammad bin Aqil al-DHAHAB" );; line 85250 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us oman chancery "2535 Belmont Rd. NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 85252 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us oman telephone "[1] (202) 387-1980 through 1982" );; line 85254 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us oman fax "[1] (202) 745-4933" );; line 85256 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation oman chief_of_mission "Ambassador David J. DUNFORD" );; line 85261 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation oman embassy "address NA, Muscat" );; line 85263 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation oman mailing_address "P. O. Box 202, Code No. 115, Muscat" );; line 85265 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation oman telephone "[968] 698989" );; line 85267 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation oman fax "[968] 699779" );; line 85269 (wfb::flag oman "three horizontal bands of white (top, double width), red, and green (double width) with a broad, vertical, red band on the hoist side; the national emblem (a khanjar dagger in its sheath superimposed on two crossed swords in scabbards) in white is centered at the top of the vertical band" );; line 85273 (wfb::overview oman "Economic performance is closely tied to the fortunes of the oil industry, including trends in international oil prices and the ability of OPEC producers to agree on output quotas. Petroleum accounts for more than 85% of export earnings, about 80% of government revenues, and roughly 40% of GDP. Oman has proved oil reserves of 4 billion barrels, equivalent to about 20 years' supply at the current rate of extraction. Agriculture is carried on at a subsistence level and the general population depends on imported food. The government is encouraging private investment, both domestic and foreign, as a prime force for further economic development." );; line 85281 (wfb::estimation-date national_product oman date_1994 );; line 85293 (wfb::national_product oman (* 17e9 $) );; line 85293 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate oman date_1994 );; line 85297 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate oman (* 0.5 %) );; line 85297 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita oman date_1994 );; line 85301 (wfb::national_product_per_capita oman (* 10020 $) );; line 85301 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| oman "1.2% (1994 est.)" );; line 85305 (wfb::unemployment_rate oman (* n/a %) );; line 85309 (wfb::budget oman revenues (* 4.4e9 $) );; line 85314 (wfb::estimation-date budget oman date_1994 );; line 85316 (wfb::budget oman expenditures (* 5.2e9 $) );; line 85316 (wfb::budget oman capital_expenditures (* 1e9 $) );; line 85316 (wfb::exports oman (* 4.8e9 $) );; line 85321 (wfb::exports oman commodities petroleum-commodity (* 87 %) );; line 85323 (wfb::exports oman commodities re-exports n/a );; line 85323 (wfb::exports oman commodities fish-commodity n/a );; line 85323 (wfb::exports oman commodities processed_copper n/a );; line 85323 (wfb::exports oman commodities textiles-commodity n/a );; line 85323 (wfb::measurement-date exports oman date_1993 );; line 85325 (wfb::exports oman partners uae (* 33 %) );; line 85325 (wfb::exports oman partners japan (* 20 %) );; line 85325 (wfb::exports oman partners south_korea (* 14 %) );; line 85325 (wfb::exports oman partners china (* 7 %) );; line 85325 (wfb::imports oman (* 4.1e9 $) );; line 85329 (wfb::imports oman commodities machinery n/a );; line 85331 (wfb::imports oman commodities transportation_equipment n/a );; line 85331 (wfb::imports oman commodities manufactured_goods n/a );; line 85331 (wfb::imports oman commodities food n/a );; line 85331 (wfb::imports oman commodities livestock n/a );; line 85331 (wfb::imports oman commodities lubricants n/a );; line 85331 (wfb::measurement-date imports oman date_1993 );; line 85334 (wfb::comment imports oman "largely re-exports" );; line 85334 (wfb::imports oman partners uae (* 24 %) );; line 85334 (wfb::imports oman partners japan (* 21 %) );; line 85334 (wfb::imports oman partners uk (* 12 %) );; line 85334 (wfb::imports oman partners us (* 7 %) );; line 85334 (wfb::imports oman partners france (* 6 %) );; line 85334 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt oman date_1993 );; line 85339 (wfb::external_debt oman (* 3e9 $) );; line 85339 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1991 );; line 85343 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production oman date_1991 );; line 85343 (wfb::industrial_production oman growth_rate (* 8.6 %) );; line 85343 (wfb::electricity oman capacity (* 1540000 kw) );; line 85349 (wfb::electricity oman production (* 6e9 kwh) );; line 85351 (wfb::measurement-date electricity oman consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 85353 (wfb::electricity oman consumption_per_capita (* 3407 kwh) );; line 85353 (wfb::industry oman crude_oil_production_and_refining );; line 85357 (wfb::industry oman natural_gas_production );; line 85357 (wfb::industry oman construction-industry );; line 85357 (wfb::industry oman cement );; line 85357 (wfb::industry oman copper-industry );; line 85357 (wfb::agriculture oman "accounts for 4% of GDP and 40% of the labor force (including fishing); less than 2% of land cultivated; largely subsistence farming (dates, limes, bananas, alfalfa, vegetables, camels, cattle); not self-sufficient in food; annual fish catch averages 100,000 metric tons" );; line 85362 (wfb::economic_aid oman recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $137 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $148 million; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $797 million" );; line 85370 (wfb::abbreviation omani_rial "RO" );; line 85376 (wfb::currency oman omani_rial 1000 baiza );; line 85376 (wfb::exchange_rates oman "Omani rials (RO) per US$1 - 0.3845 (fixed rate since 1986)" );; line 85380 (wfb::fiscal_year oman date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 85384 (wfb::railroads oman "0 km" );; line 85389 (wfb::highways oman total (* 26000 km) );; line 85394 (wfb::highways oman paved (* 5000 km) );; line 85396 (wfb::estimation-date highways oman date_1992 );; line 85398 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 1300 km) );; line 85402 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 1030 km) );; line 85402 (wfb::port oman |Mina' al Fahl-oman| );; line 85406 (wfb::port oman |Mina' Qabus-oman| );; line 85406 (wfb::port oman |Mina' Raysut-oman| );; line 85406 (wfb::merchant_marine oman total "1 passenger ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 4,442 GRT/1,320 DWT" );; line 85411 (wfb::airports oman total 140 );; line 85416 (wfb::airports oman |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 4 );; line 85418 (wfb::airports oman |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 1 );; line 85420 (wfb::airports oman |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 85422 (wfb::airports oman with_paved_runways_under_914_m 36 );; line 85424 (wfb::airports oman |with unpaved runways over 3,047 m| 3 );; line 85426 (wfb::airports oman |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 3 );; line 85428 (wfb::airports oman |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 61 );; line 85430 (wfb::airports oman |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 31 );; line 85432 (wfb::telephone_system oman "50,000 telephones; modern system consisting of open-wire, microwave, and radio communications stations; limited coaxial cable" );; line 85437 (wfb::telephone_system oman local "NA" );; line 85440 (wfb::telephone_system oman intercity "open wire, microwave, radio communications, and 8 domestic satellite links" );; line 85442 (wfb::telephone_system oman international "2 INTELSAT (Indian Ocean) and 1 ARABSAT earth station" );; line 85445 (wfb::radio oman broadcast_stations am 2 );; line 85450 (wfb::radio oman broadcast_stations fm 3 );; line 85450 (wfb::radio oman broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 85450 (wfb::radio oman radios n/a );; line 85452 (wfb::television oman broadcast_stations 7 );; line 85457 (wfb::television oman televisions n/a );; line 85459 (wfb::defense_branch oman army_oman );; line 85465 (wfb::defense_branch oman navy_oman );; line 85465 (wfb::defense_branch oman air_force_oman );; line 85465 (wfb::defense_branch oman royal_oman_police_oman );; line 85465 (wfb::manpower_availability oman "males age 15-49 520,428; males fit for military service 294,993; males reach military age (14) annually 26,065 (1995 est.)" );; line 85469 (wfb::estimation-date defense_expenditures oman date_1995 );; line 85474 (wfb::defense_expenditures oman (* 1.7e9 $) );; line 85474 (wfb::defense_expenditures oman (* 14.2 %_of_gdp) );; line 85474 (wfb::markup-parameter figure pacific_ocean "graphno=\"zn.tif\"" );; line 85481 (wfb::location pacific_ocean "body of water between Antarctica, Asia, Australia, and the Western Hemisphere" );; line 85485 (wfb::map_references pacific_ocean "World" );; line 85490 (wfb::area pacific_ocean total_area (* 165.384e6 sq_km) );; line 85495 (wfb::area pacific_ocean comparative_area "about 18 times the size of the US; the largest ocean (followed by the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean, and the Arctic Ocean); covers about one-third of the global surface; larger than the total land area of the world" );; line 85497 (wfb::comment area pacific_ocean "includes Bali Sea, Bellingshausen Sea, Bering Sea, Bering Strait, Coral Sea, East China Sea, Flores Sea, Gulf of Alaska, Gulf of Tonkin, Java Sea, Philippine Sea, Ross Sea, Savu Sea, Sea of Japan, Sea of Okhotsk, South China Sea, Tasman Sea, Timor Sea, and other tributary water bodies" );; line 85501 (wfb::coastline pacific_ocean (* 135663 km) );; line 85508 (wfb::international_disputes pacific_ocean "some maritime disputes (see littoral states)" );; line 85512 (wfb::climate pacific_ocean "the western Pacific is monsoonal - a rainy season occurs during the summer months, when moisture-laden winds blow from the ocean over the land, and a dry season during the winter months, when dry winds blow from the Asian land mass back to the ocean" );; line 85516 (wfb::terrain pacific_ocean "surface currents in the northern Pacific are dominated by a clockwise, warm-water gyre (broad circular system of currents) and in the southern Pacific by a counterclockwise, cool-water gyre" );; line 85523 (wfb::terrain pacific_ocean "in the northern Pacific sea ice forms in the Bering Sea and Sea of Okhotsk in winter" );; line 85523 (wfb::terrain pacific_ocean "in the southern Pacific sea ice from Antarctica reaches its northernmost extent in October" );; line 85523 (wfb::terrain pacific_ocean "the ocean floor in the eastern Pacific is dominated by the East Pacific Rise, while the western Pacific is dissected by deep trenches, including the world's deepest, the 10,924 meter Marianas Trench" );; line 85523 (wfb::natural-resource pacific_ocean oil_and_gas_fields );; line 85534 (wfb::natural-resource pacific_ocean polymetallic_nodules );; line 85534 (wfb::natural-resource pacific_ocean sand_and_gravel_aggregates );; line 85534 (wfb::natural-resource pacific_ocean placer_deposits );; line 85534 (wfb::natural-resource pacific_ocean fish );; line 85534 (wfb::environment pacific_ocean current_issues "endangered marine species include the dugong, sea lion, sea otter, seals, turtles, and whales" );; line 85540 (wfb::environment pacific_ocean current_issues "oil pollution in Philippine Sea and South China Sea" );; line 85540 (wfb::environment pacific_ocean natural_hazards "surrounded by a zone of violent volcanic and earthquake activity sometimes referred to as the Pacific Ring of Fire" );; line 85544 (wfb::environment pacific_ocean natural_hazards "subject to tropical cyclones (typhoons) in southeast and east Asia from May to December (most frequent from July to October)" );; line 85544 (wfb::environment pacific_ocean natural_hazards "tropical cyclones (hurricanes) may form south of Mexico and strike Central America and Mexico from June to October (most common in August and September)" );; line 85544 (wfb::environment pacific_ocean natural_hazards "southern shipping lanes subject to icebergs from Antarctica" );; line 85544 (wfb::environment pacific_ocean natural_hazards "occasional El Nino phenomenon occurs off the coast of Peru when the trade winds slacken and the warm Equatorial Countercurrent moves south, killing the plankton that is the primary food source for anchovies" );; line 85544 (wfb::environment pacific_ocean natural_hazards "consequently, the anchovies move to better feeding grounds, causing resident marine birds to starve by the thousands because of their lost food source" );; line 85544 (wfb::environment pacific_ocean natural_hazards "ships subject to superstructure icing in extreme north from October to May and in extreme south from May to October" );; line 85544 (wfb::environment pacific_ocean natural_hazards "persistent fog in the northern Pacific can be a maritime hazard from June to December" );; line 85544 (wfb::environment pacific_ocean international_agreements "NA" );; line 85559 (wfb::note pacific_ocean "the major choke points are the Bering Strait, Panama Canal, Luzon Strait, and the Singapore Strait; the Equator divides the Pacific Ocean into the North Pacific Ocean and the South Pacific Ocean; dotted with low coral islands and rugged volcanic islands in the southwestern Pacific Ocean" );; line 85563 (wfb::digraph pacific_ocean "ZN" );; line 85576 (wfb::overview pacific_ocean "The Pacific Ocean is a major contributor to the world economy and particularly to those nations its waters directly touch. It provides low-cost sea transportation between East and West, extensive fishing grounds, offshore oil and gas fields, minerals, and sand and gravel for the construction industry. In 1985 over half (54%) of the world's fish catch came from the Pacific Ocean, which is the only ocean where the fish catch has increased every year since 1978. Exploitation of offshore oil and gas reserves is playing an ever-increasing role in the energy supplies of Australia, NZ, China, US, and Peru. The high cost of recovering offshore oil and gas, combined with the wide swings in world prices for oil since 1985, has slowed but not stopped new drillings." );; line 85581 (wfb::industry pacific_ocean fishing-industry );; line 85595 (wfb::industry pacific_ocean oil_and_gas_production );; line 85595 (wfb::port-on-shore pacific_ocean "Bangkok" "Thailand" );; line 85600 (wfb::port-on-shore pacific_ocean "Hong Kong" "n/a" );; line 85600 (wfb::port-on-shore pacific_ocean "Los Angeles" "US" );; line 85600 (wfb::port-on-shore pacific_ocean "Manila" "Philippines" );; line 85600 (wfb::port-on-shore pacific_ocean "Pusan" "South Korea" );; line 85600 (wfb::port-on-shore pacific_ocean "San Francisco" "US" );; line 85600 (wfb::port-on-shore pacific_ocean "Seattle" "US" );; line 85600 (wfb::port-on-shore pacific_ocean "Shanghai" "China" );; line 85600 (wfb::port-on-shore pacific_ocean "Singapore" "n/a" );; line 85600 (wfb::port-on-shore pacific_ocean "Sydney" "Australia" );; line 85600 (wfb::port-on-shore pacific_ocean "Vladivostok" "Russia" );; line 85600 (wfb::port-on-shore pacific_ocean "Wellington" "NZ" );; line 85600 (wfb::port-on-shore pacific_ocean "Yokohama" "Japan" );; line 85600 (wfb::telephone_system pacific_ocean international "several submarine cables with network nodal points on Guam and Hawaii" );; line 85609 (wfb::markup-parameter figure pakistan "graphno=\"pk.tif\"" );; line 85621 (wfb::location pakistan "Southern Asia, bordering the Arabian Sea, between India and Iran" );; line 85625 (wfb::map_references pakistan "Asia" );; line 85629 (wfb::area pakistan total_area (* 803940 sq_km) );; line 85634 (wfb::area pakistan land_area (* 778720 sq_km) );; line 85636 (wfb::area pakistan comparative_area "slightly less than twice the size of California" );; line 85638 (wfb::borders pakistan total (* 6774 km) );; line 85642 (wfb::borders pakistan afghanistan (* 2430 km) );; line 85642 (wfb::borders pakistan china (* 523 km) );; line 85642 (wfb::borders pakistan india (* 2912 km) );; line 85642 (wfb::borders pakistan iran (* 909 km) );; line 85642 (wfb::coastline pakistan (* 1046 km) );; line 85647 (wfb::maritime_claims pakistan contiguous_zone (* 24 nm) );; line 85652 (wfb::maritime_claims pakistan exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 85656 (wfb::maritime_claims pakistan territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 85658 (wfb::international_disputes pakistan "status of Kashmir with India" );; line 85662 (wfb::international_disputes pakistan "border question with Afghanistan (Durand Line)" );; line 85662 (wfb::international_disputes pakistan "water-sharing problems (Wular Barrage) over the Indus with upstream riparian India" );; line 85662 (wfb::climate pakistan "mostly hot, dry desert" );; line 85668 (wfb::climate pakistan "temperate in northwest" );; line 85668 (wfb::climate pakistan "arctic in north" );; line 85668 (wfb::terrain pakistan "flat Indus plain in east" );; line 85672 (wfb::terrain pakistan "mountains in north and northwest" );; line 85672 (wfb::terrain pakistan "Balochistan plateau in west" );; line 85672 (wfb::natural-resource pakistan land );; line 85677 (wfb::natural-resource pakistan extensive_natural_gas_reserves );; line 85677 (wfb::natural-resource pakistan limited_petroleum );; line 85677 (wfb::natural-resource pakistan poor_quality_coal );; line 85677 (wfb::natural-resource pakistan iron_ore );; line 85677 (wfb::natural-resource pakistan copper );; line 85677 (wfb::natural-resource pakistan salt );; line 85677 (wfb::natural-resource pakistan limestone );; line 85677 (wfb::land_use pakistan arable_land (* 23 %) );; line 85683 (wfb::land_use pakistan permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 85685 (wfb::land_use pakistan meadows_and_pastures (* 6 %) );; line 85687 (wfb::land_use pakistan forest_and_woodland (* 4 %) );; line 85689 (wfb::measurement-date land_use pakistan other date_1993 );; line 85691 (wfb::land_use pakistan other (* 67 %) );; line 85691 (wfb::measurement-date irrigated_land pakistan date_1992 );; line 85695 (wfb::irrigated_land pakistan (* 170000 sq_km) );; line 85695 (wfb::environment pakistan current_issues "water pollution from raw sewage, industrial wastes, and agricultural runoff" );; line 85700 (wfb::environment pakistan current_issues "limited natural fresh water resources" );; line 85700 (wfb::environment pakistan current_issues "a majority of the population does not have access to potable water" );; line 85700 (wfb::environment pakistan current_issues "deforestation" );; line 85700 (wfb::environment pakistan current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 85700 (wfb::environment pakistan current_issues "desertification" );; line 85700 (wfb::environment pakistan natural_hazards "frequent earthquakes, occasionally severe especially in north and west" );; line 85705 (wfb::environment pakistan natural_hazards "flooding along the Indus after heavy rains (July and August)" );; line 85705 (wfb::environment pakistan international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands" );; line 85708 (wfb::environment pakistan international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Desertification, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation" );; line 85708 (wfb::note pakistan "controls Khyber Pass and Bolan Pass, traditional invasion routes between Central Asia and the Indian Subcontinent" );; line 85715 (wfb::estimation-date population pakistan date_jul_1995 );; line 85722 (wfb::population pakistan 131541920 );; line 85722 (wfb::age_structure pakistan 0-14_years (* 44 %) );; line 85727 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex pakistan 0-14_years female 28033354 );; line 85727 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex pakistan 0-14_years male 29777818 );; line 85727 (wfb::age_structure pakistan 15-64_years (* 52 %) );; line 85729 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex pakistan 15-64_years female 33456410 );; line 85729 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex pakistan 15-64_years male 35109482 );; line 85729 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure pakistan 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 85731 (wfb::age_structure pakistan 65_years_and_over (* 4 %) );; line 85731 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex pakistan 65_years_and_over female 2556846 );; line 85731 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex pakistan 65_years_and_over male 2608010 );; line 85731 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate pakistan date_1995 );; line 85735 (wfb::population_growth_rate pakistan (* 1.28 %) );; line 85735 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate pakistan date_1995 );; line 85739 (wfb::birth_rate pakistan (* 41.8 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 85739 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate pakistan date_1995 );; line 85743 (wfb::death_rate pakistan (* 12.07 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 85743 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate pakistan date_1995 );; line 85747 (wfb::net_migration_rate pakistan (* -16.93 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 85747 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate pakistan date_1995 );; line 85751 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate pakistan (* 99.5 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 85751 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth pakistan total_population (* 57.86 years) );; line 85756 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth pakistan male (* 57.18 years) );; line 85758 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth pakistan female date_1995 );; line 85760 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth pakistan female (* 58.56 years) );; line 85760 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate pakistan date_1995 );; line 85764 (wfb::total_fertility_rate pakistan (* 6.35 children_born/woman) );; line 85764 (wfb::nationality pakistan noun "Pakistani(s)" );; line 85769 (wfb::nationality pakistan adjective "Pakistani" );; line 85771 (wfb::comment ethnic_divisions pakistan "immigrants from India and their descendents" );; line 85775 (wfb::ethnic-entity pakistan punjabi-ethnic-entity n/a );; line 85775 (wfb::ethnic-entity pakistan sindhi-ethnic-entity n/a );; line 85775 (wfb::ethnic-entity pakistan pashtun n/a );; line 85775 (wfb::ethnic-entity pakistan baloch n/a );; line 85775 (wfb::ethnic-entity pakistan muhajir n/a );; line 85775 (wfb::comment religion "Sunni 77%, Shi'a 20%" );; line 85780 (wfb::religion pakistan muslim (* 97 %) );; line 85780 (wfb::language pakistan urdu n/a );; line 85785 (wfb::comment language pakistan urdu "official" );; line 85785 (wfb::language pakistan english n/a );; line 85785 (wfb::comment language pakistan english "official; lingua franca of Pakistani elite and most government ministries" );; line 85785 (wfb::language pakistan punjabi (* 64 %) );; line 85785 (wfb::language pakistan sindhi (* 12 %) );; line 85785 (wfb::language pakistan pashtu (* 8 %) );; line 85785 (wfb::language pakistan urdu (* 7 %) );; line 85785 (wfb::language pakistan balochi_and_other (* 9 %) );; line 85785 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition pakistan date_1990 );; line 85791 (wfb::literacy-condition pakistan "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 85791 (wfb::literacy pakistan total_population (* 35 %) );; line 85793 (wfb::literacy pakistan male (* 47 %) );; line 85795 (wfb::literacy pakistan female (* 21 %) );; line 85797 (wfb::total_labor_force pakistan 36e6 );; line 85801 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation pakistan agriculture (* 46 %) );; line 85803 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation pakistan mining_and_manufacturing (* 18 %) );; line 85803 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation pakistan services (* 17 %) );; line 85803 (wfb::comment labor_force pakistan "extensive export of labor" );; line 85806 (wfb::names pakistan conventional_long_form "Islamic Republic of Pakistan" );; line 85812 (wfb::names pakistan conventional_short_form "Pakistan" );; line 85814 (wfb::names pakistan former "West Pakistan" );; line 85816 (wfb::digraph pakistan "PK" );; line 85820 (wfb::type pakistan "republic" );; line 85824 (wfb::capital pakistan islamabad-pakistan );; line 85828 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_pakistan_provinces "provinces" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 85832 (wfb::administrative_divisions pakistan adm_div_pakistan_provinces 4 );; line 85832 (wfb::administrative_division |adm_div_pakistan_territory,| "territory," "n/a" "n/a" );; line 85832 (wfb::administrative_divisions pakistan |adm_div_pakistan_territory,| 1 );; line 85832 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_pakistan_capital_territory "capital territory" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 85832 (wfb::administrative_divisions pakistan adm_div_pakistan_capital_territory 1 );; line 85832 (wfb::administrative_division_of pakistan adm_div_pakistan_provinces "Balochistan" );; line 85832 (wfb::administrative_division_of pakistan |adm_div_pakistan_territory,| "Federally Administered Tribal Areas" );; line 85832 (wfb::administrative_division_of pakistan adm_div_pakistan_capital_territory "Islamabad Capital Territory" );; line 85832 (wfb::administrative_division_of pakistan adm_div_pakistan_provinces "North-West Frontier" );; line 85832 (wfb::administrative_division_of pakistan adm_div_pakistan_provinces "Punjab" );; line 85832 (wfb::administrative_division_of pakistan adm_div_pakistan_provinces "Sindh" );; line 85832 (wfb::comment administrative_divisions pakistan "the Pakistani-administered portion of the disputed Jammu and Kashmir region includes Azad Kashmir and the Northern Areas" );; line 85836 (wfb::independence pakistan date_14_aug_1947 "UK" );; line 85841 (wfb::comment national_holiday pakistan "proclamation of the republic" );; line 85845 (wfb::national_holiday pakistan "Pakistan Day" date_23_mar );; line 85845 (wfb::constitution pakistan "10 April 1973, suspended 5 July 1977, restored with amendments 30 December 1985" );; line 85849 (wfb::legal_system pakistan "based on English common law with provisions to accommodate Pakistan's stature as an Islamic state; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations" );; line 85854 (wfb::comment suffrage pakistan " universal; separate electorates and reserved parliamentary seats for non-Muslims" );; line 85860 (wfb::suffrage pakistan (* 21 years_of_age) );; line 85860 (wfb::comment executive_branch pakistan chief_of_state "election last held 13 November 1993 (next to be held no later than 14 October 1998)" );; line 85866 (wfb::comment executive_branch pakistan chief_of_state "results - LEGHARI was elected by Parliament and the four provincial assemblies" );; line 85866 (wfb::executive_branch pakistan chief_of_state "President Sardar Farooq LEGHARI" n/a );; line 85866 (wfb::executive_branch pakistan head_of_government "Prime Minister Benazir BHUTTO" n/a );; line 85870 (wfb::executive_branch pakistan cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 85872 (wfb::legislative_structure pakistan bicameral "Parliament (Majlis-e-Shoora)" );; line 85876 (wfb::legislative_branch pakistan "Senate" "elections last held NA March 1994 (next to be held NA March 1997); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (87 total) PPP 22, PML/N 17; Tribal Area Representatives (nonparty) 8, ANP 6, PML/J 5, JWP 5, MQM/A 5, JUI/F 2, PKMAP 2, JI 2, NPP 2, BNM/H 1, BNM/M 1, JUP/NI 1, JUP/NO 1, JAH 1, JUI/S 1, PML/F 1, PNP 1, independents 2, vacant 1" );; line 85878 (wfb::legislative_branch pakistan "National Assembly" "elections last held 6 October 1993 (next to be held by October 1998); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (217 total) PPP 92, PML/N 75, PML/J 6, IJM-Islamic Democratic Front 4, ANP 3, PKMAP 4, PIF 3, JWP 2, MDM 2, BNM/H 1, BNM/M 1, NDA 1, NPP 1, PKQP 1, Religious minorities 10 reserved seats, independents 9, results pending 2" );; line 85884 (wfb::judicial_branch pakistan "Supreme Court, Federal Islamic (Shari'at) Court" );; line 85892 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders pakistan government "Pakistan People's Party (PPP), Benazir BHUTTO; Pakistan Muslim League, Junejo faction (PML/J), Hamid Nasir CHATTHA; National People's Party (NPP), Ghulam Mustapha JATOI; Pakhtun Khwa Milli Awami Party (PKMAP), Mahmood Khan ACHAKZAI; Balochistan National Movement, Hayee Group (BNM/H), Dr. HAYEE Baluch; National Democratic Alliance (NDA), Maulana Kausar NIAZI; Pakhtun Quami Party (PKQP), Mohammed AFZAL Khan; Jamhoori Watan Party (JWP), Akbar Khan BUGTI" );; line 85897 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders pakistan opposition "Pakistan Muslim League, Nawaz Sharif faction (PML/N), Nawaz SHARIF; Awami National Party (ANP), Khan Abdul WALI KHAN; Pakistan Islamic Front (PIF), Qazi Hussain AHMED; Balochistan National Movement, Mengal Group (BNM/M), Sardar Akhtar MENGAL; Mohajir Quami Movement, Altaf faction (MQM/A), Altaf HUSSAIN; Jamaat-i-Islami (JI), Qazi Hussain AHMED; Jamiat-al-Hadith (JAH)" );; line 85905 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders pakistan frequently_shifting "Mutaheda Deeni Mahaz (MDM), Maulana Sami-ul-HAQ, the MDM includes Jamiat Ulema-i-Pakistan, Niazi faction (JUP/NI) and Anjuman Sepah-i-Sahaba Pakistan (ASSP); Islami-Jamhoori-Mahaz (IJM-Islamic Democratic Party), the IJM includes Jamiat Ulema-i-Islami, Fazlur Rehman group (JUI/F); Jamiat Ulema-i-Pakistan, Noorani faction (JUP/NO); Jamiat Ulema-i-Islam, Sami-ul-Haq faction (JUI/S); Pakistan Muslim League, Functional Group (PML/F); Pakistan National Party (PNP)" );; line 85912 (wfb::comment political_parties_and_leaders pakistan "political alliances in Pakistan can shift frequently" );; line 85920 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups pakistan "military remains important political force; ulema (clergy), landowners, industrialists, and small merchants also influential" );; line 85924 (wfb::member_of pakistan asdb );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan c );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan ccc );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan cp );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan eco );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan escap );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan fao );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan g-19 );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan g-24 );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan g-77 );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan gatt );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan iaea );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan ibrd );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan icao );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan icc );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan icftu );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan icrm );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan ida );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan idb );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan ifad );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan ifc );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan ifrcs );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan ilo );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan imf );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan imo );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan inmarsat );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan intelsat );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan interpol );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan ioc );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan iom );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan iso );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan itu );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan minurso );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan nam );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan oas );; line 85929 (wfb::comment member_of pakistan oas "observer" );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan oic );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan pca );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan saarc );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan un );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan unctad );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan unesco );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan unhcr );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan unido );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan unikom );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan unitar );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan unomil );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan unosom );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan unprofor );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan upu );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan wcl );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan wftu );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan who );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan wipo );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan wmo );; line 85929 (wfb::member_of pakistan wto );; line 85929 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us pakistan chief_of_mission "Ambassador Maleeha LODHI" );; line 85938 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us pakistan chancery "2315 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 85940 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us pakistan telephone "[1] (202) 939-6200" );; line 85942 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us pakistan fax "[1] (202) 387-0484" );; line 85944 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us pakistan |consulate(s) general| "Los Angeles and New York" );; line 85946 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation pakistan chief_of_mission "Ambassador John C. MONJO" );; line 85951 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation pakistan embassy "Diplomatic Enclave, Ramna 5, Islamabad" );; line 85953 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation pakistan mailing_address "P. O. Box 1048, PSC 1212, Box 2000, Unit 6220, Islamabad; APO AE 09812-2000" );; line 85955 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation pakistan telephone "[92] (51) 826161 through 826179" );; line 85958 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation pakistan fax "[92] (51) 214222" );; line 85960 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation pakistan |consulate(s) general| "Karachi, Lahore" );; line 85962 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation pakistan |consulate(s)| "Peshawar" );; line 85964 (wfb::flag pakistan "green with a vertical white band (symbolizing the role of religious minorities) on the hoist side; a large white crescent and star are centered in the green field; the crescent, star, and color green are traditional symbols of Islam" );; line 85968 (wfb::overview pakistan "The Pakistani economy has made progress in several key areas since Benazir BHUTTO became Prime Minister in October 1993. She has been under pressure from international donors and the IMF - which gave Pakistan a $1.3 billion structural adjustment credit in February 1994 - to continue the economic reforms and austerity measures begun by her predecessor, caretaker Prime Minister Moeen QURESHI (July-October 1993). Foreign exchange reserves climbed to more than $3 billion in 1994, and the budget deficit was substantially reduced. Real GDP growth was 4% in FY93/94, up from 2.3% in FY92/93. Foreign direct and portfolio investment also have increased. Privatization of large public sector utilities began in 1994 with the sale of 12% of the Pakistan Telecommunications Corporation (PTC) and the Water and Power Development Authority (WAPDA); the sale of state-owned banks and other large units are planned for 1995. Still, the government must cope with long-standing economic vulnerabilities - high levels of debt service and defense spending, a small tax base, a huge population, and dependence on cotton-based exports - which hamper its ability to create a stable economic environment. In addition, Pakistan's infrastructure is inadequate and deteriorating, low levels of literacy constrain industrial growth, and increasing sectarian, ethnic, and tribal violence disrupt production." );; line 85976 (wfb::estimation-date national_product pakistan date_1994 );; line 85998 (wfb::national_product pakistan (* 248.5e9 $) );; line 85998 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate pakistan date_1994 );; line 86002 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate pakistan (* 4 %) );; line 86002 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita pakistan date_1994 );; line 86006 (wfb::national_product_per_capita pakistan (* 1930 $) );; line 86006 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| pakistan "12% (FY93/94)" );; line 86010 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year unemployment_rate pakistan 90 );; line 86014 (wfb::unemployment_rate pakistan (* 10 %) );; line 86014 (wfb::budget pakistan revenues (* 10.5e9 $) );; line 86019 (wfb::for-fiscal-year budget pakistan 93 );; line 86021 (wfb::budget pakistan expenditures (* 11.2e9 $) );; line 86021 (wfb::budget pakistan capital_expenditures (* 3.1e9 $) );; line 86021 (wfb::measurement-date exports pakistan date_1993 );; line 86026 (wfb::exports pakistan (* 6.7e9 $) );; line 86026 (wfb::exports pakistan commodities cotton n/a );; line 86028 (wfb::exports pakistan commodities textiles-commodity n/a );; line 86028 (wfb::exports pakistan commodities clothing-commodity n/a );; line 86028 (wfb::exports pakistan commodities rice n/a );; line 86028 (wfb::exports pakistan commodities leather n/a );; line 86028 (wfb::exports pakistan commodities carpets n/a );; line 86028 (wfb::exports pakistan partners us n/a );; line 86030 (wfb::exports pakistan partners japan n/a );; line 86030 (wfb::exports pakistan partners hong_kong n/a );; line 86030 (wfb::exports pakistan partners germany n/a );; line 86030 (wfb::exports pakistan partners uk n/a );; line 86030 (wfb::exports pakistan partners uae n/a );; line 86030 (wfb::exports pakistan partners france n/a );; line 86030 (wfb::measurement-date imports pakistan date_1993 );; line 86034 (wfb::imports pakistan (* 9.5e9 $) );; line 86034 (wfb::imports pakistan commodities petroleum-commodity n/a );; line 86036 (wfb::imports pakistan commodities petroleum_products-commodity n/a );; line 86036 (wfb::imports pakistan commodities machinery n/a );; line 86036 (wfb::imports pakistan commodities transportation_equipment n/a );; line 86036 (wfb::imports pakistan commodities vegetable_oils n/a );; line 86036 (wfb::imports pakistan commodities animal_fats n/a );; line 86036 (wfb::imports pakistan commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 86036 (wfb::imports pakistan partners japan n/a );; line 86039 (wfb::imports pakistan partners us n/a );; line 86039 (wfb::imports pakistan partners germany n/a );; line 86039 (wfb::imports pakistan partners uk n/a );; line 86039 (wfb::imports pakistan partners saudi_arabia n/a );; line 86039 (wfb::imports pakistan partners malaysia n/a );; line 86039 (wfb::imports pakistan partners south_korea n/a );; line 86039 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt pakistan date_1993 );; line 86043 (wfb::external_debt pakistan (* 24e9 $) );; line 86043 (wfb::for-fiscal-year industrial_production 93 );; line 86047 (wfb::for-fiscal-year industrial_production pakistan 93 );; line 86047 (wfb::industrial_production pakistan growth_rate (* 5.6 %) );; line 86047 (wfb::industrial_production pakistan accounts_for (* 18 %_of_gdp) );; line 86047 (wfb::measurement-date electricity pakistan capacity date_1994 );; line 86052 (wfb::electricity pakistan capacity (* 10800000 kw) );; line 86052 (wfb::electricity pakistan production (* 52.4e9 kwh) );; line 86054 (wfb::measurement-date electricity pakistan consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 86056 (wfb::electricity pakistan consumption_per_capita (* 389 kwh) );; line 86056 (wfb::industry pakistan textiles );; line 86060 (wfb::industry pakistan food_processing );; line 86060 (wfb::industry pakistan beverages-industry );; line 86060 (wfb::industry pakistan construction_materials-industry );; line 86060 (wfb::industry pakistan clothing );; line 86060 (wfb::industry pakistan paper_products-industry );; line 86060 (wfb::industry pakistan shrimp-industry );; line 86060 (wfb::agriculture pakistan "24% of GDP; world's largest contiguous irrigation system; major crops - cotton, wheat, rice, sugarcane, fruits, vegetables; livestock products - milk, beef, mutton, eggs" );; line 86065 (wfb::illicit_drugs pakistan "major illicit producer of opium and hashish for the international drug trade; remains world's third largest opium producer (160 metric tons in 1994); major center for processing Afghan heroin and key transit area for Southwest Asian heroin moving to Western market" );; line 86071 (wfb::economic_aid pakistan recipient "$2.5 billion (FY91/92); $2.5 billion (FY92/93); $2.5 billion (FY93/94); no US commitments, includes bi- and multilateral aid" );; line 86079 (wfb::abbreviation pakistani_rupee "PRe" );; line 86084 (wfb::currency pakistan pakistani_rupee 100 paisa );; line 86084 (wfb::exchange_rates pakistan "Pakistani rupees (PRs) per US$1 - 30.860 (January 1995), 30.570 (1994), 28.107 (1993), 25.083 (1992), 23.801 (1991), 21.707 (1990)" );; line 86088 (wfb::fiscal_year pakistan date_1_jul date_30_jun );; line 86093 (wfb::railroads pakistan total "8,773 km" );; line 86099 (wfb::railroads pakistan broad_gauge "7,718 km 1.676-m gauge (286 km electrified; 1,037 double track)" );; line 86101 (wfb::railroads pakistan narrow_gauge "445 km 1.000-m gauge; 610 km less than 1.000-m gauge (1985)" );; line 86103 (wfb::highways pakistan total (* 177410 km) );; line 86108 (wfb::highways pakistan paved (* 94027 km) );; line 86110 (wfb::estimation-date highways pakistan date_1991 );; line 86112 (wfb::measurement-date pipelines date_1987 );; line 86116 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 250 km) );; line 86116 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 885 km) );; line 86116 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 4044 km) );; line 86116 (wfb::port pakistan gwadar-pakistan );; line 86121 (wfb::port pakistan karachi-pakistan );; line 86121 (wfb::port pakistan ormaro-pakistan );; line 86121 (wfb::comment port pakistan ormaro-pakistan "under construction" );; line 86121 (wfb::merchant_marine pakistan total "30 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 352,189 GRT/532,782 DWT" );; line 86127 (wfb::merchant_marine pakistan ships_by_type "bulk 1, cargo 25, oil tanker 1, passenger-cargo 3" );; line 86129 (wfb::airports pakistan total 119 );; line 86134 (wfb::airports pakistan |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 12 );; line 86136 (wfb::airports pakistan |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 21 );; line 86138 (wfb::airports pakistan |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 33 );; line 86140 (wfb::airports pakistan |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 14 );; line 86142 (wfb::airports pakistan with_paved_runways_under_914_m 24 );; line 86144 (wfb::airports pakistan |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 7 );; line 86146 (wfb::airports pakistan |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 8 );; line 86148 (wfb::telephone_system pakistan "NA telephones; about 7 telephones/1,000 persons; the domestic telephone system is poor, adequate only for government and business use; the system for international traffic is better" );; line 86153 (wfb::telephone_system pakistan local "NA" );; line 86157 (wfb::telephone_system pakistan intercity "microwave radio relay" );; line 86159 (wfb::telephone_system pakistan international "3 INTELSAT (1 Atlantic Ocean and 2 Indian Ocean) earth stations; microwave radio relay" );; line 86161 (wfb::radio pakistan broadcast_stations am 19 );; line 86167 (wfb::radio pakistan broadcast_stations fm 8 );; line 86167 (wfb::radio pakistan broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 86167 (wfb::radio pakistan radios n/a );; line 86169 (wfb::television pakistan broadcast_stations 29 );; line 86174 (wfb::television pakistan televisions n/a );; line 86176 (wfb::defense_branch pakistan army_pakistan );; line 86182 (wfb::defense_branch pakistan navy_pakistan );; line 86182 (wfb::defense_branch pakistan air_force_pakistan );; line 86182 (wfb::defense_branch pakistan civil_armed_forces_pakistan );; line 86182 (wfb::defense_branch pakistan national_guard_pakistan );; line 86182 (wfb::defense_branch pakistan paramilitary/security_forces_pakistan );; line 86182 (wfb::manpower_availability pakistan "males age 15-49 30,219,551; males fit for military service 18,544,008; males reach military age (17) annually 1,429,719 (1995 est.)" );; line 86187 (wfb::for-fiscal-year defense_expenditures pakistan 94 );; line 86192 (wfb::defense_expenditures pakistan (* 3.2e9 $) );; line 86192 (wfb::defense_expenditures pakistan (* 5.6 %_of_gdp) );; line 86192 (wfb::markup-parameter figure palau "graphno=\"ps.tif\"" );; line 86198 (wfb::location palau "Oceania, group of islands in the North Pacific Ocean, southeast of the Philippines" );; line 86202 (wfb::map_references palau "Oceania" );; line 86207 (wfb::area palau total_area (* 458 sq_km) );; line 86212 (wfb::area palau land_area (* 458 sq_km) );; line 86214 (wfb::area palau comparative_area "slightly more than 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 86216 (wfb::coastline palau (* 1519 km) );; line 86224 (wfb::maritime_claims palau exclusive_fishing_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 86231 (wfb::maritime_claims palau territorial_sea (* 3 nm) );; line 86233 (wfb::international_disputes palau "none" );; line 86237 (wfb::climate palau "wet season May to November" );; line 86241 (wfb::climate palau "hot" );; line 86241 (wfb::climate palau "humid" );; line 86241 (wfb::terrain palau "about 200 islands varying geologically from the high, mountainous main island of Babelthuap to low, coral islands usually fringed by large barrier reefs" );; line 86245 (wfb::natural-resource palau forests );; line 86251 (wfb::natural-resource palau |minerals (especially gold)| );; line 86251 (wfb::natural-resource palau marine_products );; line 86251 (wfb::natural-resource palau deep-seabed_minerals );; line 86251 (wfb::land_use palau arable_land (* n/a %) );; line 86257 (wfb::land_use palau permanent_crops (* n/a %) );; line 86259 (wfb::land_use palau meadows_and_pastures (* n/a %) );; line 86261 (wfb::land_use palau forest_and_woodland (* n/a %) );; line 86263 (wfb::land_use palau other (* n/a %) );; line 86265 (wfb::irrigated_land palau (* n/a sq_km) );; line 86269 (wfb::environment palau current_issues "inadequate facilities for disposal of solid waste" );; line 86274 (wfb::environment palau current_issues "threats to the marine ecosystem from sand and coral dredging and illegal fishing practices that involve the use of dynamite" );; line 86274 (wfb::environment palau natural_hazards "typhoons (June to December)" );; line 86278 (wfb::environment palau international_agreements "NA" );; line 86280 (wfb::note palau "includes World War II battleground of Beliliou (Peleliu) and world-famous rock islands; archipelago of six island groups totaling over 200 islands in the Caroline chain" );; line 86284 (wfb::estimation-date population palau date_jul_1995 );; line 86292 (wfb::population palau 16661 );; line 86292 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate palau date_1995 );; line 86305 (wfb::population_growth_rate palau (* 1.76 %) );; line 86305 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate palau date_1995 );; line 86309 (wfb::birth_rate palau (* 22.11 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 86309 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate palau date_1995 );; line 86313 (wfb::death_rate palau (* 6.61 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 86313 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate palau date_1995 );; line 86317 (wfb::net_migration_rate palau (* 2.12 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 86317 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate palau date_1995 );; line 86321 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate palau (* 25.07 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 86321 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth palau total_population (* 71.01 years) );; line 86326 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth palau male (* 69.14 years) );; line 86328 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth palau female date_1995 );; line 86330 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth palau female (* 73.02 years) );; line 86330 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate palau date_1995 );; line 86334 (wfb::total_fertility_rate palau (* 2.85 children_born/woman) );; line 86334 (wfb::nationality palau noun "Palauan(s)" );; line 86339 (wfb::nationality palau adjective "Palauan" );; line 86341 (wfb::ethnic-entity palau palauans_are_a_composite_of_polynesian n/a );; line 86345 (wfb::ethnic-entity palau malayan n/a );; line 86345 (wfb::ethnic-entity palau melanesian_races n/a );; line 86345 (wfb::comment religions palau "one-third of the population observes this religion which is indigenous to Palau" );; line 86350 (wfb::religion palau christian n/a );; line 86350 (wfb::religion palau modekngei_religion n/a );; line 86350 (wfb::language palau english n/a );; line 86357 (wfb::comment language palau english "official in all of Palau's 16 states" );; line 86357 (wfb::language palau sonsorolese n/a );; line 86357 (wfb::comment language palau sonsorolese "official in the state of Sonsoral" );; line 86357 (wfb::language palau angaur_and_japanese n/a );; line 86357 (wfb::comment language palau angaur_and_japanese "in the state of Anguar" );; line 86357 (wfb::language palau tobi n/a );; line 86357 (wfb::comment language palau tobi "in the state of Tobi" );; line 86357 (wfb::language palau palauan n/a );; line 86357 (wfb::comment language palau palauan "in the other 13 states" );; line 86357 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition palau date_1980 );; line 86363 (wfb::literacy-condition palau "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 86363 (wfb::literacy palau total_population (* 92 %) );; line 86365 (wfb::literacy palau male (* 93 %) );; line 86367 (wfb::literacy palau female (* 90 %) );; line 86369 (wfb::total_labor_force palau n/a );; line 86373 (wfb::names palau conventional_long_form "Republic of Palau" );; line 86381 (wfb::names palau conventional_short_form "Palau" );; line 86383 (wfb::names palau former "Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands" );; line 86385 (wfb::digraph palau "PS" );; line 86389 (wfb::type palau "self-governing territory in free association with the US pursuant to Compact of Free Association which entered into force 1 October 1994; Palau is fully responsible for internal affairs; US retains responsibility for external affairs" );; line 86393 (wfb::capital palau koror-palau );; line 86400 (wfb::comment capital palau "a new capital is being built about 20 km northeast in eastern Babelthuap" );; line 86402 (wfb::independence palau date_1_oct_1994 "the US-administered UN Trusteeship" );; line 86414 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1979 );; line 86418 (wfb::comment national_holiday palau "1979" );; line 86418 (wfb::national_holiday palau "Constitution Day" date_9_jul );; line 86418 (wfb::constitution palau "1 January 1981" );; line 86422 (wfb::legal_system palau "based on Trust Territory laws, acts of the legislature, municipal, common, and customary laws" );; line 86426 (wfb::comment suffrage palau " universal" );; line 86431 (wfb::suffrage palau (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 86431 (wfb::comment executive_branch palau chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "election last held 4 November 1992 (next to be held NA November 1996)" );; line 86436 (wfb::comment executive_branch palau chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "results - Kuniwo NAKAMURA 50.7%, Johnson TORIBIONG 49.3%" );; line 86436 (wfb::legislative_structure palau bicameral "Parliament (Olbiil Era Kelulau or OEK)" );; line 86443 (wfb::legislative_branch palau "Senate" "elections last held 4 November 1992 (next to be held NA November 1996); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (14 total) number of seats by party NA" );; line 86445 (wfb::legislative_branch palau "House of Delegates" "elections last held 4 November 1992 (next to be held NA November 1996); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (16 total) number of seats by party NA" );; line 86449 (wfb::judicial_branch palau "Supreme Court, National Court, Court of Common Pleas" );; line 86455 (wfb::member_of palau escap );; line 86459 (wfb::comment member_of palau escap "associate" );; line 86459 (wfb::member_of palau spc );; line 86459 (wfb::member_of palau spf );; line 86459 (wfb::comment member_of palau spf "observer" );; line 86459 (wfb::member_of palau un );; line 86459 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us palau chief_of_mission "Liaison Officer NA" );; line 86464 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us palau liaison_office "444 North Capital Street NW, Washington, DC 20036" );; line 86466 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us palau telephone "(202) 624-7793" );; line 86468 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us palau fax "NA" );; line 86470 (wfb::comment diplomatic_representation_in_us palau "relationship of free association with the US pursuant to compact of free association which entered into force 1 October 1994" );; line 86472 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation palau chief_of_mission "Liaison Officer Lloyd W. MOSS" );; line 86478 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation palau liaison_office "Erenguul Street, Koror, Republic of Palau" );; line 86480 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation palau mailing_address "P.O. Box 6028, Republic of Palau 96940" );; line 86482 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation palau telephone "[680] 488-2920" );; line 86484 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation palau fax "[680] 488-2911" );; line 86486 (wfb::comment us_diplomatic_representation palau "relationship of free association with the US pursuant to compact of free association which entered into force 1 October 1994" );; line 86488 (wfb::flag palau "light blue with a large yellow disk (representing the moon) shifted slightly to the hoist side" );; line 86493 (wfb::overview palau "The economy consists primarily of subsistence agriculture and fishing. The government is the major employer of the work force, relying heavily on financial assistance from the US. The compact of \"free association\" with the United States, entered into after the end of the UN trusteeship on 1 October 1994, provides Palau with $500 million in US aid over 15 years in return for furnishing some military facilities. The population, in effect, enjoys a per capita income of $5,000, twice that of the Philippines and much of Micronesia. Long-run prospects for the tourist sector have been greatly bolstered by the expansion of air travel in the Pacific and the rapidly rising prosperity of leading East Asian countries." );; line 86499 (wfb::estimation-date national_product palau date_1994 );; line 86512 (wfb::national_product palau (* 81.8e6 $) );; line 86512 (wfb::comment national_product palau "GDP numbers reflect US spending" );; line 86514 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate palau (* n/a %) );; line 86518 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita palau date_1994 );; line 86522 (wfb::national_product_per_capita palau (* 5000 $) );; line 86522 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| palau "NA%" );; line 86526 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate palau date_1986 );; line 86530 (wfb::unemployment_rate palau (* 20 %) );; line 86530 (wfb::budget palau revenues (* 6e6 $) );; line 86535 (wfb::estimation-date budget palau date_1986 );; line 86537 (wfb::budget palau expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 86537 (wfb::budget palau capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 86537 (wfb::exports palau (* 600000 $) );; line 86541 (wfb::exports palau commodities trochus n/a );; line 86543 (wfb::exports palau commodities tuna n/a );; line 86543 (wfb::exports palau commodities copra n/a );; line 86543 (wfb::exports palau commodities handicrafts-commodity n/a );; line 86543 (wfb::exports palau partners us n/a );; line 86545 (wfb::exports palau partners japan n/a );; line 86545 (wfb::imports palau (* 24.6e6 $) );; line 86549 (wfb::industrial_production palau growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 86561 (wfb::electricity palau capacity (* 16000 kw) );; line 86566 (wfb::electricity palau production (* 22e6 kwh) );; line 86568 (wfb::measurement-date electricity palau consumption_per_capita date_1990 );; line 86570 (wfb::electricity palau consumption_per_capita (* 1540 kwh) );; line 86570 (wfb::industry palau tourism );; line 86574 (wfb::industry palau |craft items (shell, wood, pearl)| );; line 86574 (wfb::industry palau some_commercial_fishing_and_agriculture );; line 86574 (wfb::agriculture palau "subsistence-level production of coconut, copra, cassava, sweet potatoes" );; line 86579 (wfb::economic_aid palau recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $2.56 billion; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $92 million" );; line 86585 (wfb::abbreviation united_states_dollar "US$" );; line 86590 (wfb::currency palau united_states_dollar 100 cents );; line 86590 (wfb::exchange_rates palau "US currency is used" );; line 86594 (wfb::fiscal_year palau date_1_oct date_30_sep );; line 86598 (wfb::railroads palau "0 km" );; line 86603 (wfb::highways palau total (* 61 km) );; line 86608 (wfb::highways palau paved (* 36 km) );; line 86610 (wfb::highways palau gravel (* 25 km) );; line 86612 (wfb::port palau koror-palau );; line 86616 (wfb::merchant_marine palau "none" );; line 86620 (wfb::airports palau total 3 );; line 86625 (wfb::airports palau |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 1 );; line 86627 (wfb::airports palau |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 2 );; line 86629 (wfb::telephone_system palau "NA telephones" );; line 86634 (wfb::telephone_system palau local "NA" );; line 86636 (wfb::telephone_system palau intercity "NA" );; line 86638 (wfb::telephone_system palau international "1 INTELSAT (Pacific Ocean) earth station" );; line 86640 (wfb::radio palau broadcast_stations am 1 );; line 86645 (wfb::radio palau broadcast_stations fm 1 );; line 86645 (wfb::radio palau broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 86645 (wfb::radio palau radios n/a );; line 86647 (wfb::television palau broadcast_stations 2 );; line 86652 (wfb::television palau televisions n/a );; line 86654 (wfb::note palau "defense is the responsibility of the US pursuant to Compact of Free Association which entered into force 1 October 1994" );; line 86668 (wfb::markup-parameter figure palmyra_atoll "graphno=\"lq.tif\"" );; line 86675 (wfb::header palmyra_atoll "(territory of the US)" );; line 86675 (wfb::location palmyra_atoll "Oceania, atoll in the North Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to American Samoa" );; line 86679 (wfb::map_references palmyra_atoll "Oceania" );; line 86684 (wfb::area palmyra_atoll total_area (* 11.9 sq_km) );; line 86689 (wfb::area palmyra_atoll land_area (* 11.9 sq_km) );; line 86691 (wfb::area palmyra_atoll comparative_area "about 20 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC" );; line 86693 (wfb::coastline palmyra_atoll (* 14.5 km) );; line 86701 (wfb::maritime_claims palmyra_atoll exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 86706 (wfb::maritime_claims palmyra_atoll territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 86708 (wfb::international_disputes palmyra_atoll "none" );; line 86712 (wfb::climate palmyra_atoll "equatorial, hot, and very rainy" );; line 86716 (wfb::terrain palmyra_atoll "low, with maximum elevations of about 2 meters" );; line 86720 (wfb::land_use palmyra_atoll arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 86729 (wfb::land_use palmyra_atoll permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 86731 (wfb::land_use palmyra_atoll meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 86733 (wfb::land_use palmyra_atoll forest_and_woodland (* 100 %) );; line 86735 (wfb::land_use palmyra_atoll other (* 0 %) );; line 86737 (wfb::irrigated_land palmyra_atoll (* 0 sq_km) );; line 86741 (wfb::environment palmyra_atoll current_issues "NA" );; line 86746 (wfb::environment palmyra_atoll natural_hazards "NA" );; line 86748 (wfb::environment palmyra_atoll international_agreements "NA" );; line 86750 (wfb::note palmyra_atoll "about 50 islets covered with dense vegetation, coconut trees, and balsa-like trees up to 30 meters tall" );; line 86754 (wfb::names palmyra_atoll conventional_short_form "Palmyra Atoll" );; line 86769 (wfb::digraph palmyra_atoll "LQ" );; line 86773 (wfb::type palmyra_atoll "incorporated territory of the US; privately owned, but administered by the Office of Territorial and International Affairs, US Department of the Interior" );; line 86777 (wfb::overview palmyra_atoll "no economic activity" );; line 86788 (wfb::port palmyra_atoll west_lagoon-palmyra_atoll );; line 86798 (wfb::airports palmyra_atoll total 1 );; line 86803 (wfb::airports palmyra_atoll |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 1 );; line 86805 (wfb::note palmyra_atoll "defense is the responsibility of the US" );; line 86815 (wfb::markup-parameter figure panama "graphno=\"pm.tif\"" );; line 86821 (wfb::location panama "Middle America, bordering both the Caribbean Sea and the North Pacific Ocean, between Colombia and Costa Rica" );; line 86825 (wfb::map_references panama "Central America and the Caribbean" );; line 86830 (wfb::area panama total_area (* 78200 sq_km) );; line 86835 (wfb::area panama land_area (* 75990 sq_km) );; line 86837 (wfb::area panama comparative_area "slightly smaller than South Carolina" );; line 86839 (wfb::borders panama total (* 555 km) );; line 86843 (wfb::borders panama colombia (* 225 km) );; line 86843 (wfb::borders panama costa_rica (* 330 km) );; line 86843 (wfb::coastline panama (* 2490 km) );; line 86847 (wfb::maritime_claims panama territorial_sea (* 200 nm) );; line 86852 (wfb::international_disputes panama "none" );; line 86856 (wfb::climate panama "tropical" );; line 86860 (wfb::climate panama "hot, humid, cloudy" );; line 86860 (wfb::climate panama "prolonged rainy season (May to January), short dry season (January to May)" );; line 86860 (wfb::terrain panama "interior mostly steep, rugged mountains and dissected, upland plains" );; line 86865 (wfb::terrain panama "coastal areas largely plains and rolling hills" );; line 86865 (wfb::natural-resource panama copper );; line 86870 (wfb::natural-resource panama mahogany_forests );; line 86870 (wfb::natural-resource panama shrimp-natural-resource );; line 86870 (wfb::land_use panama arable_land (* 6 %) );; line 86875 (wfb::land_use panama permanent_crops (* 2 %) );; line 86877 (wfb::land_use panama meadows_and_pastures (* 15 %) );; line 86879 (wfb::land_use panama forest_and_woodland (* 54 %) );; line 86881 (wfb::land_use panama other (* 23 %) );; line 86883 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land panama date_1989 );; line 86887 (wfb::irrigated_land panama (* 320 sq_km) );; line 86887 (wfb::environment panama current_issues "water pollution from agricultural runoff threatens fishery resources" );; line 86892 (wfb::environment panama current_issues "deforestation of tropical rain forest" );; line 86892 (wfb::environment panama current_issues "land degradation" );; line 86892 (wfb::environment panama natural_hazards "NA" );; line 86895 (wfb::environment panama international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands" );; line 86897 (wfb::environment panama international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Climate Change, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Tropical Timber 94" );; line 86897 (wfb::note panama "strategic location on eastern end of isthmus forming land bridge connecting North and South America; controls Panama Canal that links North Atlantic Ocean via Caribbean Sea with North Pacific Ocean" );; line 86904 (wfb::estimation-date population panama date_jul_1995 );; line 86912 (wfb::population panama 2680903 );; line 86912 (wfb::age_structure panama 0-14_years (* 34 %) );; line 86917 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex panama 0-14_years female 439491 );; line 86917 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex panama 0-14_years male 458817 );; line 86917 (wfb::age_structure panama 15-64_years (* 61 %) );; line 86919 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex panama 15-64_years female 812876 );; line 86919 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex panama 15-64_years male 823124 );; line 86919 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure panama 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 86921 (wfb::age_structure panama 65_years_and_over (* 5 %) );; line 86921 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex panama 65_years_and_over female 74672 );; line 86921 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex panama 65_years_and_over male 71923 );; line 86921 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate panama date_1995 );; line 86925 (wfb::population_growth_rate panama (* 1.9 %) );; line 86925 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate panama date_1995 );; line 86929 (wfb::birth_rate panama (* 24.12 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 86929 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate panama date_1995 );; line 86933 (wfb::death_rate panama (* 4.79 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 86933 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate panama date_1995 );; line 86937 (wfb::net_migration_rate panama (* -0.36 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 86937 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate panama date_1995 );; line 86941 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate panama (* 15.8 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 86941 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth panama total_population (* 75.2 years) );; line 86946 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth panama male (* 72.57 years) );; line 86948 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth panama female date_1995 );; line 86950 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth panama female (* 77.97 years) );; line 86950 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate panama date_1995 );; line 86954 (wfb::total_fertility_rate panama (* 2.8 children_born/woman) );; line 86954 (wfb::nationality panama noun "Panamanian(s)" );; line 86959 (wfb::nationality panama adjective "Panamanian" );; line 86961 (wfb::ethnic-entity panama |mestizo (mixed Indian and European ancestry)| (* 70 %) );; line 86965 (wfb::ethnic-entity panama west_indian (* 14 %) );; line 86965 (wfb::ethnic-entity panama white (* 10 %) );; line 86965 (wfb::ethnic-entity panama indian (* 6 %) );; line 86965 (wfb::religion panama roman_catholic (* 85 %) );; line 86970 (wfb::religion panama protestant (* 15 %) );; line 86970 (wfb::language panama spanish-language-group n/a );; line 86974 (wfb::comment language panama spanish-language-group "official" );; line 86974 (wfb::language panama english (* 14 %) );; line 86974 (wfb::comment languages panama "many Panamanians bilingual" );; line 86976 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition panama date_1990 );; line 86980 (wfb::literacy-condition panama "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 86980 (wfb::literacy panama total_population (* 89 %) );; line 86982 (wfb::literacy panama male (* 89 %) );; line 86984 (wfb::literacy panama female (* 88 %) );; line 86986 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force panama date_1994 );; line 86990 (wfb::total_labor_force panama 979000 );; line 86990 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation panama government_and_community_services (* 31.8 %) );; line 86992 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation panama agriculture n/a );; line 86992 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation panama hunting n/a );; line 86992 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation panama fishing-occupation-type (* 26.8 %) );; line 86992 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation panama commerce n/a );; line 86992 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation panama restaurants n/a );; line 86992 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation panama hotels (* 16.4 %) );; line 86992 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation panama manufacturing_and_mining (* 9.4 %) );; line 86992 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation panama construction (* 3.2 %) );; line 86992 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation panama transportation_and_communications (* 6.2 %) );; line 86992 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation panama finance-occupation-type n/a );; line 86992 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation panama insurance-occupation-type n/a );; line 86992 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation panama real_estate (* 4.3 %) );; line 86992 (wfb::comment labor_force panama "shortage of skilled labor, but an oversupply of unskilled labor" );; line 86997 (wfb::names panama conventional_long_form "Republic of Panama" );; line 87003 (wfb::names panama conventional_short_form "Panama" );; line 87005 (wfb::names panama local_long_form "Republica de Panama" );; line 87007 (wfb::names panama local_short_form "Panama" );; line 87009 (wfb::digraph panama "PM" );; line 87013 (wfb::type panama "constitutional republic" );; line 87017 (wfb::capital panama panama-panama );; line 87021 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_panama_provinces "provinces" "provincias" "provincia" );; line 87025 (wfb::administrative_divisions panama adm_div_panama_provinces 9 );; line 87025 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_panama_territory "territory" "n/a" "comarca" );; line 87025 (wfb::administrative_divisions panama adm_div_panama_territory 1 );; line 87025 (wfb::administrative_division_of panama adm_div_panama_provinces "Bocas del Toro" );; line 87025 (wfb::administrative_division_of panama adm_div_panama_provinces "Chiriqui" );; line 87025 (wfb::administrative_division_of panama adm_div_panama_provinces "Cocle" );; line 87025 (wfb::administrative_division_of panama adm_div_panama_provinces "Colon" );; line 87025 (wfb::administrative_division_of panama adm_div_panama_provinces "Darien" );; line 87025 (wfb::administrative_division_of panama adm_div_panama_provinces "Herrera" );; line 87025 (wfb::administrative_division_of panama adm_div_panama_provinces "Los Santos" );; line 87025 (wfb::administrative_division_of panama adm_div_panama_provinces "Panama" );; line 87025 (wfb::administrative_division_of panama adm_div_panama_territory "San Blas" );; line 87025 (wfb::administrative_division_of panama adm_div_panama_provinces "Veraguas" );; line 87025 (wfb::comment independence panama "; became independent from Spain 28 November 1821" );; line 87031 (wfb::independence panama date_3_nov_1903 "Colombia" );; line 87031 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1903 );; line 87036 (wfb::comment national_holiday panama "1903" );; line 87036 (wfb::national_holiday panama "Independence Day" date_3_nov );; line 87036 (wfb::constitution panama "11 October 1972; major reforms adopted April 1983" );; line 87040 (wfb::legal_system panama "based on civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court of Justice; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations" );; line 87044 (wfb::comment suffrage panama " universal and compulsory" );; line 87050 (wfb::suffrage panama (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 87050 (wfb::comment executive_branch panama chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "First Vice President Tomas Gabriel ALTAMIRANO DUQUE (since 1 September 1994)" );; line 87055 (wfb::comment executive_branch panama chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "Second Vice President Felipe Alejandro VIRZI Lopez (since 1 September 1994 election last held 8 May 1994 (next to be held 9 May 1999); results - Ernesto PEREZ BALLADARES (PRD) 33%, Mireya MOSCOSO DE GRUBER (PA) 29%, Ruben BLADES (MPE) 17%, Ruben Dario CARLES (MOLIRENA) 16%" );; line 87055 (wfb::comment executive_branch panama chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "elected 8 May 1994)" );; line 87055 (wfb::executive_branch panama chief_of_state "President Ernesto PEREZ BALLADARES Gonzalez Revilla " date_1_sep_1994 );; line 87055 (wfb::executive_branch panama head_of_government "President Ernesto PEREZ BALLADARES Gonzalez Revilla " date_1_sep_1994 );; line 87055 (wfb::comment executive_branch panama cabinet "appointed by the president" );; line 87063 (wfb::executive_branch panama cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 87063 (wfb::legislative_structure panama unicameral n/a );; line 87067 (wfb::legislative_branch panama "Legislative Assembly (Asamblea Legislativa)" "legislators from outlying rural districts are chosen on a plurality basis while districts located in more populous towns and cities elect multiple legislators by means of a proportion-based formula; elections last held 8 May 1994 (next to be held 9 May 1999); results - percent of vote by party NA ; seats - (72 total) PRD 32, PS 4, PALA 1, PA 14, MPE 6, MOLIRENA 4, PLA 3, PRC 3, PL 2, PDC 1, UDI 1, MORENA 1" );; line 87069 (wfb::judicial_branch panama "Supreme Court of Justice (Corte Suprema de Justicia), 5 superior courts, 3 courts of appeal" );; line 87078 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders panama governing_coalition "Democratic Revolutionary Party (PRD), Gerardo GONZALEZ; Solidarity Party (PS), Samuel LEWIS GALINDO; Liberal Republican Party (PLR), Rodolfo CHIARI; Labor Party (PALA), Carlos Lopez GUEVARA" );; line 87084 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders panama other_parties "Nationalist Republican Liberal Movement (MOLIRENA), Alfredo RAMIREZ; Authentic Liberal Party (PLA), Arnulfo ESCALONA; Arnulfista Party (PA), Mireya MOSCOSO DE GRUBER; Christian Democratic Party (PDC), Raul OSSA; Liberal Party (PL), Roberto ALEMAN Zubieta; Papa Egoro Movement (MPE), Ruben BLADES; Civic Renewal Party (PRC), Tomas HERRERA; National Unity Mission Party (MUN), Jose Manuel PAREDES; Independent Democratic Union (UDI), Jacinto CARDENAS; National Renovation Movement (MORENA), Pedro VALLERINO" );; line 87088 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups panama "National Council of Organized Workers (CONATO); National Council of Private Enterprise (CONEP); Panamanian Association of Business Executives (APEDE); National Civic Crusade; Chamber of Commerce; Panamanian Industrialists Society (SIP); Workers Confederation of the Republic of Panama (CTRP)" );; line 87098 (wfb::member_of panama ag );; line 87105 (wfb::comment member_of panama ag "associate" );; line 87105 (wfb::member_of panama cg );; line 87105 (wfb::member_of panama eclac );; line 87105 (wfb::member_of panama fao );; line 87105 (wfb::member_of panama g-77 );; line 87105 (wfb::member_of panama iadb );; line 87105 (wfb::member_of panama iaea );; line 87105 (wfb::member_of panama ibrd );; line 87105 (wfb::member_of panama icao );; line 87105 (wfb::member_of panama icftu );; line 87105 (wfb::member_of panama icrm );; line 87105 (wfb::member_of panama ida );; line 87105 (wfb::member_of panama ifad );; line 87105 (wfb::member_of panama ifc );; line 87105 (wfb::member_of panama ifrcs );; line 87105 (wfb::member_of panama ilo );; line 87105 (wfb::member_of panama imf );; line 87105 (wfb::member_of panama imo );; line 87105 (wfb::member_of panama inmarsat );; line 87105 (wfb::member_of panama intelsat );; line 87105 (wfb::member_of panama interpol );; line 87105 (wfb::member_of panama ioc );; line 87105 (wfb::member_of panama iom );; line 87105 (wfb::member_of panama itu );; line 87105 (wfb::member_of panama laes );; line 87105 (wfb::member_of panama laia );; line 87105 (wfb::comment member_of panama laia "observer" );; line 87105 (wfb::member_of panama nam );; line 87105 (wfb::member_of panama oas );; line 87105 (wfb::member_of panama opanal );; line 87105 (wfb::member_of panama pca );; line 87105 (wfb::member_of panama un );; line 87105 (wfb::member_of panama unctad );; line 87105 (wfb::member_of panama unesco );; line 87105 (wfb::member_of panama unido );; line 87105 (wfb::member_of panama upu );; line 87105 (wfb::member_of panama wcl );; line 87105 (wfb::member_of panama wftu );; line 87105 (wfb::member_of panama who );; line 87105 (wfb::member_of panama wipo );; line 87105 (wfb::member_of panama wmo );; line 87105 (wfb::member_of panama wto );; line 87105 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us panama chief_of_mission "Ambassador Ricardo Alberto ARIAS" );; line 87113 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us panama chancery "2862 McGill Terrace NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 87115 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us panama telephone "[1] (202) 483-1407" );; line 87117 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us panama |consulate(s) general| "Atlanta, Houston, Miami, New Orleans, New York, San Francisco, San Juan (Puerto Rico), Tampa" );; line 87119 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation panama chief_of_mission "(vacant); Charge d'Affaires Oliver P. GARZA" );; line 87125 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation panama embassy "Avenida Balboa and Calle 38, Apartado 6959, Panama City 5" );; line 87127 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation panama mailing_address "American Embassy Panama, Unit 0945; APO AA 34002" );; line 87129 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation panama telephone "[507] 27-1777" );; line 87131 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation panama fax "[507] 27-1964" );; line 87133 (wfb::flag panama "divided into four, equal rectangles; the top quadrants are white (hoist side) with a blue five-pointed star in the center and plain red, the bottom quadrants are plain blue (hoist side) and white with a red five-pointed star in the center" );; line 87137 (wfb::overview panama "Because of its key geographic location, Panama's economy is service-based, heavily weighted toward banking, commerce, and tourism. Trade and financial ties with the US are especially close. GDP grew at 3.6% in 1994, a respectable rate, yet below the 7.1% average of the early 1990s. Banking and financial services and trade through the Colon Free Zone continued to expand rapidly, with the industrial and agricultural sectors experiencing little growth. The new administration, inaugurated 1 September 1994, has launched an economic plan designed to reverse rising unemployment, attract foreign investment, cut back the size of government, and modernize the economy. The success of the plan in meeting its goals for 1995 and beyond depends largely on the success of the administration in reforming the labor code and instituting the reforms necessary to join the GATT." );; line 87145 (wfb::estimation-date national_product panama date_1994 );; line 87160 (wfb::national_product panama (* 12.3e9 $) );; line 87160 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate panama date_1994 );; line 87164 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate panama (* 3.6 %) );; line 87164 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita panama date_1994 );; line 87168 (wfb::national_product_per_capita panama (* 4670 $) );; line 87168 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| panama "1.8% (1994 est.)" );; line 87172 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate panama date_1994 );; line 87176 (wfb::unemployment_rate panama (* 12.9 %) );; line 87176 (wfb::budget panama revenues (* 1.93e9 $) );; line 87181 (wfb::measurement-date budget panama date_1994 );; line 87183 (wfb::budget panama expenditures (* 1.93e9 $) );; line 87183 (wfb::budget panama capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 87183 (wfb::exports panama (* 520e6 $) );; line 87187 (wfb::exports panama commodities bananas (* 43 %) );; line 87189 (wfb::exports panama commodities shrimp (* 11 %) );; line 87189 (wfb::exports panama commodities sugar-commodity (* 4 %) );; line 87189 (wfb::exports panama commodities clothing-commodity (* 5 %) );; line 87189 (wfb::exports panama commodities coffee (* 2 %) );; line 87189 (wfb::exports panama partners us (* 45 %) );; line 87191 (wfb::exports panama partners eu n/a );; line 87191 (wfb::exports panama partners central_america_and_caribbean n/a );; line 87191 (wfb::imports panama (* 2.205e9 $) );; line 87195 (wfb::imports panama commodities capital_goods (* 21 %) );; line 87197 (wfb::imports panama commodities crude_oil (* 11 %) );; line 87197 (wfb::imports panama commodities foodstuffs (* 9 %) );; line 87197 (wfb::imports panama commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 87197 (wfb::imports panama commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 87197 (wfb::imports panama partners us (* 40 %) );; line 87200 (wfb::imports panama partners eu n/a );; line 87200 (wfb::imports panama partners central_america_and_caribbean n/a );; line 87200 (wfb::imports panama partners japan n/a );; line 87200 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 87208 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production panama date_1994 );; line 87208 (wfb::industrial_production panama growth_rate (* 1.8 %) );; line 87208 (wfb::electricity panama capacity (* 960000 kw) );; line 87213 (wfb::electricity panama production (* 2.8e9 kwh) );; line 87215 (wfb::measurement-date electricity panama consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 87217 (wfb::electricity panama consumption_per_capita (* 1047 kwh) );; line 87217 (wfb::industry panama manufacturing-industry );; line 87221 (wfb::industry panama construction-industry );; line 87221 (wfb::industry panama petroleum_refining );; line 87221 (wfb::industry panama brewing );; line 87221 (wfb::industry panama cement_and_other_construction_materials );; line 87221 (wfb::industry panama sugar_milling );; line 87221 (wfb::agriculture panama "accounts for 10% of GDP (1992 est.); crops - bananas, rice, corn, coffee, sugarcane; livestock; fishing; importer of food grain, vegetables" );; line 87226 (wfb::illicit_drugs panama "major cocaine transshipment point and drug money laundering center" );; line 87231 (wfb::economic_aid panama recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $516 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $582 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $4 million" );; line 87237 (wfb::abbreviation balboa "B" );; line 87243 (wfb::currency panama balboa 100 centesimos );; line 87243 (wfb::exchange_rates panama "balboas (B) per US$1 - 1.000 (fixed rate)" );; line 87247 (wfb::fiscal_year panama date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 87251 (wfb::railroads panama total "238 km" );; line 87257 (wfb::railroads panama broad_gauge "78 km 1.524-m gauge" );; line 87259 (wfb::railroads panama narrow_gauge "160 km 0.914-m gauge" );; line 87261 (wfb::highways panama total (* 8530 km) );; line 87266 (wfb::highways panama paved (* 2745 km) );; line 87268 (wfb::highways panama (union gravel crushed_stone ) (* 3270 km) );; line 87270 (wfb::highways panama (union improved unimproved_earth ) (* 2515 km) );; line 87270 (wfb::inland_waterways panama "800 km navigable by shallow draft vessels; 82 km Panama Canal" );; line 87275 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 130 km) );; line 87279 (wfb::port panama bahia_de_las_minas-panama );; line 87283 (wfb::port panama balboa-panama );; line 87283 (wfb::port panama colon-panama );; line 87283 (wfb::port panama cristobal-panama );; line 87283 (wfb::port panama panama-panama );; line 87283 (wfb::merchant_marine panama total "3,526 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 60,748,525 GRT/95,102,552 DWT" );; line 87288 (wfb::merchant_marine panama ships_by_type "barge carrier 1, bulk 787, cargo 1,070, chemical tanker 175, combination bulk 33, combination ore/oil 25, container 259, liquefied gas tanker 125, livestock carrier 8, multifunction large-load carrier 6, oil tanker 465, passenger 24, passenger-cargo 3, refrigerated cargo 284, roll-on/roll-off cargo 81, short-sea passenger 34, specialized tanker 9, vehicle carrier 137" );; line 87291 (wfb::comment merchant_marine panama "a flag of convenience registry; includes 93 countries; the 10 major fleet flags are: Japan 1,171 ships, Greece 323, Hong Kong 276, US 212, Taiwan 184, Singapore 181, South Korea 172, China 145 ships, UK 102, and Norway 70" );; line 87298 (wfb::airports panama total 115 );; line 87306 (wfb::airports panama |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 87308 (wfb::airports panama |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 87310 (wfb::airports panama |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 5 );; line 87312 (wfb::airports panama |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 14 );; line 87314 (wfb::airports panama with_paved_runways_under_914_m 74 );; line 87316 (wfb::airports panama |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 20 );; line 87318 (wfb::telephone_system panama "220,000 telephones; domestic and international facilities well developed" );; line 87323 (wfb::telephone_system panama local "NA" );; line 87326 (wfb::telephone_system panama intercity "NA" );; line 87328 (wfb::telephone_system panama international "1 coaxial submarine cable; 2 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth stations; connected to the Central American Microwave System" );; line 87330 (wfb::radio panama broadcast_stations am 91 );; line 87336 (wfb::radio panama broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 87336 (wfb::radio panama broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 87336 (wfb::radio panama radios n/a );; line 87338 (wfb::television panama broadcast_stations 23 );; line 87343 (wfb::television panama televisions n/a );; line 87345 (wfb::comment defense_branch panama panamanian_public_forces_panama "PPF; includes the National Police or PNP, Maritime Service, National Air Service, and Institutional Protective Service" );; line 87351 (wfb::defense_branch panama panamanian_public_forces_panama );; line 87351 (wfb::defense_branch panama judicial_branch_technical_police_panama );; line 87351 (wfb::manpower_availability panama "males age 15-49 701,691; males fit for military service 481,927 (1995 est.)" );; line 87357 (wfb::markup-parameter figure papua_new_guinea "graphno=\"pp.tif\"" );; line 87369 (wfb::location papua_new_guinea "Southeastern Asia, group of islands including the eastern half of the island of New Guinea between the Coral Sea and the South Pacific Ocean, east of Indonesia" );; line 87373 (wfb::map_references papua_new_guinea "Oceania" );; line 87379 (wfb::area papua_new_guinea total_area (* 461690 sq_km) );; line 87384 (wfb::area papua_new_guinea land_area (* 451710 sq_km) );; line 87386 (wfb::area papua_new_guinea comparative_area "slightly larger than California" );; line 87388 (wfb::borders papua_new_guinea total (* 820 km) );; line 87392 (wfb::borders papua_new_guinea indonesia (* 820 km) );; line 87392 (wfb::coastline papua_new_guinea (* 5152 km) );; line 87396 (wfb::maritime_claims papua_new_guinea exclusive_fishing_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 87404 (wfb::maritime_claims papua_new_guinea territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 87406 (wfb::international_disputes papua_new_guinea "none" );; line 87410 (wfb::climate papua_new_guinea "tropical" );; line 87414 (wfb::climate papua_new_guinea "northwest monsoon (December to March), southeast monsoon (May to October)" );; line 87414 (wfb::climate papua_new_guinea "slight seasonal temperature variation" );; line 87414 (wfb::terrain papua_new_guinea "mostly mountains with coastal lowlands and rolling foothills" );; line 87419 (wfb::natural-resource papua_new_guinea gold );; line 87423 (wfb::natural-resource papua_new_guinea copper );; line 87423 (wfb::natural-resource papua_new_guinea silver );; line 87423 (wfb::natural-resource papua_new_guinea natural_gas );; line 87423 (wfb::natural-resource papua_new_guinea timber );; line 87423 (wfb::natural-resource papua_new_guinea oil_potential );; line 87423 (wfb::land_use papua_new_guinea arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 87428 (wfb::land_use papua_new_guinea permanent_crops (* 1 %) );; line 87430 (wfb::land_use papua_new_guinea meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 87432 (wfb::land_use papua_new_guinea forest_and_woodland (* 71 %) );; line 87434 (wfb::land_use papua_new_guinea other (* 28 %) );; line 87436 (wfb::irrigated_land papua_new_guinea (* n/a sq_km) );; line 87440 (wfb::environment papua_new_guinea current_issues "rain forest subject to deforestation as a result of growing commercial demand for tropical timber" );; line 87445 (wfb::environment papua_new_guinea current_issues "pollution from mining projects" );; line 87445 (wfb::environment papua_new_guinea natural_hazards "active volcanism" );; line 87448 (wfb::environment papua_new_guinea natural_hazards "situated along the Pacific \"Rim of Fire\"" );; line 87448 (wfb::environment papua_new_guinea natural_hazards "the country is subject to frequent and sometimes severe earthquakes" );; line 87448 (wfb::environment papua_new_guinea natural_hazards "mudslides" );; line 87448 (wfb::environment papua_new_guinea international_agreements "party to - Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands" );; line 87451 (wfb::environment papua_new_guinea international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Law of the Sea" );; line 87451 (wfb::note papua_new_guinea "shares island of New Guinea with Indonesia; one of world's largest swamps along southwest coast" );; line 87458 (wfb::estimation-date population papua_new_guinea date_jul_1995 );; line 87465 (wfb::population papua_new_guinea 4294750 );; line 87465 (wfb::age_structure papua_new_guinea 0-14_years (* 41 %) );; line 87470 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex papua_new_guinea 0-14_years female 847208 );; line 87470 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex papua_new_guinea 0-14_years male 892718 );; line 87470 (wfb::age_structure papua_new_guinea 15-64_years (* 57 %) );; line 87472 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex papua_new_guinea 15-64_years female 1161961 );; line 87472 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex papua_new_guinea 15-64_years male 1268266 );; line 87472 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure papua_new_guinea 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 87474 (wfb::age_structure papua_new_guinea 65_years_and_over (* 2 %) );; line 87474 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex papua_new_guinea 65_years_and_over female 66759 );; line 87474 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex papua_new_guinea 65_years_and_over male 57838 );; line 87474 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate papua_new_guinea date_1995 );; line 87478 (wfb::population_growth_rate papua_new_guinea (* 2.3 %) );; line 87478 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate papua_new_guinea date_1995 );; line 87482 (wfb::birth_rate papua_new_guinea (* 33.2 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 87482 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate papua_new_guinea date_1995 );; line 87486 (wfb::death_rate papua_new_guinea (* 10.18 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 87486 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate papua_new_guinea date_1995 );; line 87490 (wfb::net_migration_rate papua_new_guinea (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 87490 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate papua_new_guinea date_1995 );; line 87494 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate papua_new_guinea (* 61.6 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 87494 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth papua_new_guinea total_population (* 56.85 years) );; line 87499 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth papua_new_guinea male (* 56.01 years) );; line 87501 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth papua_new_guinea female date_1995 );; line 87503 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth papua_new_guinea female (* 57.74 years) );; line 87503 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate papua_new_guinea date_1995 );; line 87507 (wfb::total_fertility_rate papua_new_guinea (* 4.55 children_born/woman) );; line 87507 (wfb::nationality papua_new_guinea noun "Papua New Guinean(s)" );; line 87512 (wfb::nationality papua_new_guinea adjective "Papua New Guinean" );; line 87514 (wfb::ethnic-entity papua_new_guinea melanesian n/a );; line 87518 (wfb::ethnic-entity papua_new_guinea papuan n/a );; line 87518 (wfb::ethnic-entity papua_new_guinea negrito n/a );; line 87518 (wfb::ethnic-entity papua_new_guinea micronesian n/a );; line 87518 (wfb::ethnic-entity papua_new_guinea polynesian n/a );; line 87518 (wfb::religion papua_new_guinea roman_catholic (* 22 %) );; line 87522 (wfb::religion papua_new_guinea lutheran (* 16 %) );; line 87522 (wfb::religion papua_new_guinea presbyterian/methodist/london_missionary_society (* 8 %) );; line 87522 (wfb::religion papua_new_guinea anglican (* 5 %) );; line 87522 (wfb::religion papua_new_guinea evangelical_alliance (* 4 %) );; line 87522 (wfb::religion papua_new_guinea seventh-day_adventist (* 1 %) );; line 87522 (wfb::religion papua_new_guinea indigenous_beliefs (* 34 %) );; line 87522 (wfb::language papua_new_guinea english_spoken_by_1% (* -2 %) );; line 87528 (wfb::language papua_new_guinea pidgin_english_widespread n/a );; line 87528 (wfb::language papua_new_guinea motu_spoken_in_papua_region n/a );; line 87528 (wfb::comment languages papua_new_guinea "715 indigenous languages" );; line 87531 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition papua_new_guinea date_1990 );; line 87535 (wfb::literacy-condition papua_new_guinea "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 87535 (wfb::literacy papua_new_guinea total_population (* 52 %) );; line 87537 (wfb::literacy papua_new_guinea male (* 65 %) );; line 87539 (wfb::literacy papua_new_guinea female (* 38 %) );; line 87541 (wfb::total_labor_force papua_new_guinea n/a );; line 87545 (wfb::names papua_new_guinea conventional_long_form "Independent State of Papua New Guinea" );; line 87551 (wfb::names papua_new_guinea conventional_short_form "Papua New Guinea" );; line 87553 (wfb::digraph papua_new_guinea "PP" );; line 87557 (wfb::type papua_new_guinea "parliamentary democracy" );; line 87561 (wfb::capital papua_new_guinea port_moresby-papua_new_guinea );; line 87565 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_papua_new_guinea_provinces "provinces" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 87569 (wfb::administrative_divisions papua_new_guinea adm_div_papua_new_guinea_provinces 20 );; line 87569 (wfb::administrative_division_of papua_new_guinea adm_div_papua_new_guinea_provinces "Central" );; line 87569 (wfb::administrative_division_of papua_new_guinea adm_div_papua_new_guinea_provinces "Chimbu" );; line 87569 (wfb::administrative_division_of papua_new_guinea adm_div_papua_new_guinea_provinces "Eastern Highlands" );; line 87569 (wfb::administrative_division_of papua_new_guinea adm_div_papua_new_guinea_provinces "East New Britain" );; line 87569 (wfb::administrative_division_of papua_new_guinea adm_div_papua_new_guinea_provinces "East Sepik" );; line 87569 (wfb::administrative_division_of papua_new_guinea adm_div_papua_new_guinea_provinces "Enga" );; line 87569 (wfb::administrative_division_of papua_new_guinea adm_div_papua_new_guinea_provinces "Gulf" );; line 87569 (wfb::administrative_division_of papua_new_guinea adm_div_papua_new_guinea_provinces "Madang" );; line 87569 (wfb::administrative_division_of papua_new_guinea adm_div_papua_new_guinea_provinces "Manus" );; line 87569 (wfb::administrative_division_of papua_new_guinea adm_div_papua_new_guinea_provinces "Milne Bay" );; line 87569 (wfb::administrative_division_of papua_new_guinea adm_div_papua_new_guinea_provinces "Morobe" );; line 87569 (wfb::administrative_division_of papua_new_guinea adm_div_papua_new_guinea_provinces "National Capital" );; line 87569 (wfb::administrative_division_of papua_new_guinea adm_div_papua_new_guinea_provinces "New Ireland" );; line 87569 (wfb::administrative_division_of papua_new_guinea adm_div_papua_new_guinea_provinces "Northern" );; line 87569 (wfb::administrative_division_of papua_new_guinea adm_div_papua_new_guinea_provinces "North Solomons" );; line 87569 (wfb::administrative_division_of papua_new_guinea adm_div_papua_new_guinea_provinces "Sandaun" );; line 87569 (wfb::administrative_division_of papua_new_guinea adm_div_papua_new_guinea_provinces "Southern Highlands" );; line 87569 (wfb::administrative_division_of papua_new_guinea adm_div_papua_new_guinea_provinces "Western" );; line 87569 (wfb::administrative_division_of papua_new_guinea adm_div_papua_new_guinea_provinces "Western Highlands" );; line 87569 (wfb::administrative_division_of papua_new_guinea adm_div_papua_new_guinea_provinces "West New Britain" );; line 87569 (wfb::independence papua_new_guinea date_16_sep_1975 "the Australian-administered UN trusteeship" );; line 87576 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1975 );; line 87581 (wfb::comment national_holiday papua_new_guinea "1975" );; line 87581 (wfb::national_holiday papua_new_guinea "Independence Day" date_16_sep );; line 87581 (wfb::constitution papua_new_guinea "16 September 1975" );; line 87585 (wfb::legal_system papua_new_guinea "based on English common law" );; line 87589 (wfb::comment suffrage papua_new_guinea " universal" );; line 87593 (wfb::suffrage papua_new_guinea (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 87593 (wfb::comment executive_branch papua_new_guinea head_of_government "Deputy Prime Minister Chris HAIVETA (since 7 September 1994)" );; line 87601 (wfb::executive_branch papua_new_guinea head_of_government "Prime Minister Sir Julius CHAN " date_30_aug_1994 );; line 87601 (wfb::comment executive_branch papua_new_guinea cabinet "appointed by the governor on recommendation of the prime minister" );; line 87604 (wfb::executive_branch papua_new_guinea cabinet "National Executive Council" );; line 87604 (wfb::legislative_structure papua_new_guinea unicameral n/a );; line 87609 (wfb::legislative_branch papua_new_guinea "National Parliament" "(sometimes referred to as the House of Assembly) elections last held 13-26 June 1992 (next to be held NA 1997); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (109 total) Pangu Party 24, PDM 17, PPP 10, PAP 10, independents 30, others 18; note - association with political parties is fluid" );; line 87611 (wfb::judicial_branch papua_new_guinea "Supreme Court" );; line 87618 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders papua_new_guinea "Papua New Guinea United Party (Pangu Party), Jack GENIA; People's Democratic Movement (PDM), Paias WINGTI; People's Action Party (PAP), Akoka DOI; People's Progress Party (PPP), Sir Julius CHAN; United Party (UP), Paul TORATO; Papua Party (PP), Galeva KWARARA; National Party (NP), Paul PORA; Melanesian Alliance (MA), Fr. John MOMIS" );; line 87622 (wfb::member_of papua_new_guinea acp );; line 87630 (wfb::member_of papua_new_guinea apec );; line 87630 (wfb::member_of papua_new_guinea asdb );; line 87630 (wfb::member_of papua_new_guinea asean );; line 87630 (wfb::comment member_of papua_new_guinea asean "observer" );; line 87630 (wfb::member_of papua_new_guinea c );; line 87630 (wfb::member_of papua_new_guinea cp );; line 87630 (wfb::member_of papua_new_guinea escap );; line 87630 (wfb::member_of papua_new_guinea fao );; line 87630 (wfb::member_of papua_new_guinea g-77 );; line 87630 (wfb::member_of papua_new_guinea ibrd );; line 87630 (wfb::member_of papua_new_guinea icao );; line 87630 (wfb::member_of papua_new_guinea icftu );; line 87630 (wfb::member_of papua_new_guinea icrm );; line 87630 (wfb::member_of papua_new_guinea ida );; line 87630 (wfb::member_of papua_new_guinea ifad );; line 87630 (wfb::member_of papua_new_guinea ifc );; line 87630 (wfb::member_of papua_new_guinea ifrcs );; line 87630 (wfb::member_of papua_new_guinea ilo );; line 87630 (wfb::member_of papua_new_guinea imf );; line 87630 (wfb::member_of papua_new_guinea imo );; line 87630 (wfb::member_of papua_new_guinea intelsat );; line 87630 (wfb::member_of papua_new_guinea interpol );; line 87630 (wfb::member_of papua_new_guinea ioc );; line 87630 (wfb::member_of papua_new_guinea iso );; line 87630 (wfb::comment member_of papua_new_guinea iso "correspondent" );; line 87630 (wfb::member_of papua_new_guinea itu );; line 87630 (wfb::member_of papua_new_guinea nam );; line 87630 (wfb::member_of papua_new_guinea nam );; line 87630 (wfb::comment member_of papua_new_guinea nam "observer" );; line 87630 (wfb::member_of papua_new_guinea sparteca );; line 87630 (wfb::member_of papua_new_guinea spc );; line 87630 (wfb::member_of papua_new_guinea spf );; line 87630 (wfb::member_of papua_new_guinea un );; line 87630 (wfb::member_of papua_new_guinea unctad );; line 87630 (wfb::member_of papua_new_guinea unesco );; line 87630 (wfb::member_of papua_new_guinea unido );; line 87630 (wfb::member_of papua_new_guinea upu );; line 87630 (wfb::member_of papua_new_guinea wftu );; line 87630 (wfb::member_of papua_new_guinea who );; line 87630 (wfb::member_of papua_new_guinea wmo );; line 87630 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us papua_new_guinea chief_of_mission "Ambassador Kepas Isimel WATANGIA" );; line 87638 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us papua_new_guinea chancery "3rd floor, 1615 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20009" );; line 87640 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us papua_new_guinea telephone "[1] (202) 745-3680" );; line 87642 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us papua_new_guinea fax "[1] (202) 745-3679" );; line 87644 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation papua_new_guinea chief_of_mission "Ambassador Richard W. TEARE" );; line 87649 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation papua_new_guinea embassy "Armit Street, Port Moresby" );; line 87651 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation papua_new_guinea mailing_address "P. O. Box 1492, Port Moresby, or APO AE 96553" );; line 87653 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation papua_new_guinea telephone "[675] 211455, 211594, 211654" );; line 87655 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation papua_new_guinea fax "[675] 213423" );; line 87657 (wfb::flag papua_new_guinea "divided diagonally from upper hoist-side corner; the upper triangle is red with a soaring yellow bird of paradise centered; the lower triangle is black with five white five-pointed stars of the Southern Cross constellation centered" );; line 87661 (wfb::overview papua_new_guinea "Papua New Guinea is richly endowed with natural resources, but exploitation has been hampered by the rugged terrain and the high cost of developing an infrastructure. Agriculture provides a subsistence livelihood for 85% of the population. Mining of numerous deposits, including copper and gold, accounts for about 60% of export earnings. Budgetary support from Australia and development aid under World Bank auspices have helped sustain the economy. Robust growth in 1991-92 was led by the mining sector; the opening of a large new gold mine helped the advance. At the start of 1995, Port Moresby is looking primarily to the exploitation of mineral and petroleum resources to drive economic development but new prospecting in Papua New Guinea has slumped as other mineral-rich countries have stepped up their competition for international investment. Output from current projects will probably begin to taper off in 1996, but no new large ventures are being developed to succeed them." );; line 87669 (wfb::estimation-date national_product papua_new_guinea date_1994 );; line 87686 (wfb::national_product papua_new_guinea (* 9.2e9 $) );; line 87686 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate papua_new_guinea date_1994 );; line 87690 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate papua_new_guinea (* 6.1 %) );; line 87690 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita papua_new_guinea date_1994 );; line 87694 (wfb::national_product_per_capita papua_new_guinea (* 2200 $) );; line 87694 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| papua_new_guinea "1.6% (1994)" );; line 87698 (wfb::unemployment_rate papua_new_guinea (* n/a %) );; line 87702 (wfb::budget papua_new_guinea revenues (* 1.33e9 $) );; line 87707 (wfb::estimation-date budget papua_new_guinea date_1995 );; line 87709 (wfb::budget papua_new_guinea expenditures (* 1.36e9 $) );; line 87709 (wfb::budget papua_new_guinea capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 87709 (wfb::exports papua_new_guinea (* 2.4e9 $) );; line 87713 (wfb::exports papua_new_guinea commodities gold-commodity n/a );; line 87715 (wfb::exports papua_new_guinea commodities copper_ore n/a );; line 87715 (wfb::exports papua_new_guinea commodities oil-commodity n/a );; line 87715 (wfb::exports papua_new_guinea commodities logs n/a );; line 87715 (wfb::exports papua_new_guinea commodities palm_oil-commodity n/a );; line 87715 (wfb::exports papua_new_guinea commodities coffee n/a );; line 87715 (wfb::exports papua_new_guinea commodities cocoa n/a );; line 87715 (wfb::exports papua_new_guinea commodities lobster-commodity n/a );; line 87715 (wfb::exports papua_new_guinea partners australia n/a );; line 87717 (wfb::exports papua_new_guinea partners japan n/a );; line 87717 (wfb::exports papua_new_guinea partners us n/a );; line 87717 (wfb::exports papua_new_guinea partners singapore n/a );; line 87717 (wfb::exports papua_new_guinea partners new_zealand n/a );; line 87717 (wfb::imports papua_new_guinea (* 1.2e9 $) );; line 87721 (wfb::imports papua_new_guinea commodities machinery_and_transport_equipment n/a );; line 87723 (wfb::imports papua_new_guinea commodities manufactured_goods n/a );; line 87723 (wfb::imports papua_new_guinea commodities food n/a );; line 87723 (wfb::imports papua_new_guinea commodities fuels n/a );; line 87723 (wfb::imports papua_new_guinea commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 87723 (wfb::imports papua_new_guinea partners australia n/a );; line 87726 (wfb::imports papua_new_guinea partners japan n/a );; line 87726 (wfb::imports papua_new_guinea partners uk n/a );; line 87726 (wfb::imports papua_new_guinea partners new_zealand n/a );; line 87726 (wfb::imports papua_new_guinea partners netherlands n/a );; line 87726 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt papua_new_guinea date_1992 );; line 87730 (wfb::external_debt papua_new_guinea (* 3.2e9 $) );; line 87730 (wfb::industrial_production papua_new_guinea accounts_for (* 32 %_of_gdp) );; line 87734 (wfb::electricity papua_new_guinea capacity (* 490000 kw) );; line 87739 (wfb::electricity papua_new_guinea production (* 1.8e9 kwh) );; line 87741 (wfb::measurement-date electricity papua_new_guinea consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 87743 (wfb::electricity papua_new_guinea consumption_per_capita (* 390 kwh) );; line 87743 (wfb::industry papua_new_guinea copra_crushing );; line 87747 (wfb::industry papua_new_guinea palm_oil_processing );; line 87747 (wfb::industry papua_new_guinea plywood_production );; line 87747 (wfb::industry papua_new_guinea wood_chip_production );; line 87747 (wfb::industry papua_new_guinea mining_of_gold );; line 87747 (wfb::industry papua_new_guinea silver-industry );; line 87747 (wfb::industry papua_new_guinea copper-industry );; line 87747 (wfb::industry papua_new_guinea construction-industry );; line 87747 (wfb::industry papua_new_guinea tourism );; line 87747 (wfb::agriculture papua_new_guinea "Accounts for 25% of GDP; livelihood for 85% of population; fertile soils and favorable climate permits cultivating a wide variety of crops; cash crops - coffee, cocoa, coconuts, palm kernels; other products - tea, rubber, sweet potatoes, fruit, vegetables, poultry, pork; net importer of food for urban centers" );; line 87752 (wfb::economic_aid papua_new_guinea recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $40.6 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $6.5 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $17 million" );; line 87761 (wfb::abbreviation kina "K" );; line 87767 (wfb::currency papua_new_guinea kina 100 toea );; line 87767 (wfb::exchange_rates papua_new_guinea "kina (K) per US$1 - 0.8565 (December 1994), 0.9950 (1994), 1.0221 (1993), 1.0367 (1992), 1.0504 (1991), 1.0467 (1990); note - the government floated the kina on 10 October 1994" );; line 87771 (wfb::fiscal_year papua_new_guinea date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 87777 (wfb::railroads papua_new_guinea "0 km" );; line 87782 (wfb::highways papua_new_guinea total (* 19200 km) );; line 87787 (wfb::highways papua_new_guinea paved (* 640 km) );; line 87789 (wfb::highways papua_new_guinea (union gravel crushed_stone stabilized_earth ) (* 10960 km) );; line 87791 (wfb::highways papua_new_guinea unimproved_earth (* 7600 km) );; line 87791 (wfb::inland_waterways papua_new_guinea "10,940 km" );; line 87796 (wfb::port papua_new_guinea kieta-papua_new_guinea );; line 87800 (wfb::port papua_new_guinea lae-papua_new_guinea );; line 87800 (wfb::port papua_new_guinea madang-papua_new_guinea );; line 87800 (wfb::port papua_new_guinea port_moresby-papua_new_guinea );; line 87800 (wfb::port papua_new_guinea rabaul-papua_new_guinea );; line 87800 (wfb::merchant_marine papua_new_guinea total "12 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 22,565 GRT/27,071 DWT" );; line 87805 (wfb::merchant_marine papua_new_guinea ships_by_type "bulk 2, cargo 3, combination ore/oil 5, container 1, roll-on/roll-off 1" );; line 87807 (wfb::airports papua_new_guinea total 505 );; line 87813 (wfb::airports papua_new_guinea |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 87815 (wfb::airports papua_new_guinea |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 13 );; line 87817 (wfb::airports papua_new_guinea |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 5 );; line 87819 (wfb::airports papua_new_guinea with_paved_runways_under_914_m 411 );; line 87821 (wfb::airports papua_new_guinea |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 12 );; line 87823 (wfb::airports papua_new_guinea |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 63 );; line 87825 (wfb::telephone_system papua_new_guinea "more than 70,000 telephones (1987); services are adequate and being improved; facilities provide radiobroadcast, radiotelephone and telegraph, coastal radio, aeronautical radio, and international radiocommunication services" );; line 87830 (wfb::telephone_system papua_new_guinea local "NA" );; line 87835 (wfb::telephone_system papua_new_guinea intercity "mostly radio telephone" );; line 87837 (wfb::telephone_system papua_new_guinea international "submarine cables extend to Australia and Guam; 1 INTELSAT (Pacific Ocean) earth station; international radio communication service" );; line 87839 (wfb::radio papua_new_guinea broadcast_stations am 31 );; line 87845 (wfb::radio papua_new_guinea broadcast_stations fm 2 );; line 87845 (wfb::radio papua_new_guinea broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 87845 (wfb::radio papua_new_guinea radios n/a );; line 87847 (wfb::measurement-date television papua_new_guinea broadcast_stations date_1987 );; line 87852 (wfb::television papua_new_guinea broadcast_stations 2 );; line 87852 (wfb::television papua_new_guinea televisions n/a );; line 87854 (wfb::comment defense_branch papua_new_guinea papua_new_guinea_defense_force_papua_new_guinea "includes Army, Navy, and Air Force" );; line 87860 (wfb::defense_branch papua_new_guinea papua_new_guinea_defense_force_papua_new_guinea );; line 87860 (wfb::manpower_availability papua_new_guinea "males age 15-49 1,111,661; males fit for military service 618,696 (1995 est.)" );; line 87865 (wfb::estimation-date defense_expenditures papua_new_guinea date_1993 );; line 87870 (wfb::defense_expenditures papua_new_guinea (* 55e6 $) );; line 87870 (wfb::defense_expenditures papua_new_guinea (* 1.8 %_of_gdp) );; line 87870 (wfb::markup-parameter figure paracel_islands "graphno=\"pf.tif\"" );; line 87876 (wfb::location paracel_islands "Southeastern Asia, group of small islands and reefs in the South China Sea, about one-third of the way from central Vietnam to the northern Philippines" );; line 87880 (wfb::map_references paracel_islands "Southeast Asia" );; line 87886 (wfb::area paracel_islands total_area (* n/a sq_km) );; line 87891 (wfb::area paracel_islands land_area (* n/a sq_km) );; line 87893 (wfb::area paracel_islands comparative_area "NA" );; line 87895 (wfb::coastline paracel_islands (* 518 km) );; line 87903 (wfb::international_disputes paracel_islands "occupied by China, but claimed by Taiwan and Vietnam" );; line 87911 (wfb::climate paracel_islands "tropical" );; line 87915 (wfb::terrain paracel_islands "NA" );; line 87919 (wfb::land_use paracel_islands arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 87928 (wfb::land_use paracel_islands permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 87930 (wfb::land_use paracel_islands meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 87932 (wfb::land_use paracel_islands forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 87934 (wfb::land_use paracel_islands other (* 100 %) );; line 87936 (wfb::irrigated_land paracel_islands (* 0 sq_km) );; line 87940 (wfb::environment paracel_islands current_issues "NA" );; line 87945 (wfb::environment paracel_islands natural_hazards "typhoons" );; line 87947 (wfb::environment paracel_islands international_agreements "NA" );; line 87949 (wfb::names paracel_islands conventional_short_form "Paracel Islands" );; line 87964 (wfb::digraph paracel_islands "PF" );; line 87968 (wfb::overview paracel_islands "no economic activity" );; line 87973 (wfb::airports paracel_islands total 1 );; line 87984 (wfb::telephone_system paracel_islands local "NA" );; line 87992 (wfb::telephone_system paracel_islands intercity "NA" );; line 87994 (wfb::telephone_system paracel_islands international "NA" );; line 87996 (wfb::radio paracel_islands radios n/a );; line 88003 (wfb::television paracel_islands broadcast_stations n/a );; line 88008 (wfb::television paracel_islands televisions n/a );; line 88010 (wfb::note paracel_islands "occupied by China" );; line 88016 (wfb::markup-parameter figure paraguay "graphno=\"pa.tif\"" );; line 88022 (wfb::location paraguay "Central South America, northeast of Argentina" );; line 88026 (wfb::map_references paraguay "South America" );; line 88030 (wfb::area paraguay total_area (* 406750 sq_km) );; line 88035 (wfb::area paraguay land_area (* 397300 sq_km) );; line 88037 (wfb::area paraguay comparative_area "slightly smaller than California" );; line 88039 (wfb::borders paraguay total (* 3920 km) );; line 88043 (wfb::borders paraguay argentina (* 1880 km) );; line 88043 (wfb::borders paraguay bolivia (* 750 km) );; line 88043 (wfb::borders paraguay brazil (* 1290 km) );; line 88043 (wfb::comment coastline paraguay "landlocked" );; line 88048 (wfb::coastline paraguay (* 0 km) );; line 88048 (wfb::maritime_claims paraguay "none; landlocked" );; line 88052 (wfb::international_disputes paraguay "short section of the boundary with Brazil, just west of Salto del Guaira (Guaira Falls) on the Rio Parana, has not been determined" );; line 88056 (wfb::climate paraguay "varies from temperate in east to semiarid in far west" );; line 88061 (wfb::terrain paraguay "grassy plains and wooded hills east of Rio Paraguay" );; line 88065 (wfb::terrain paraguay "Gran Chaco region west of Rio Paraguay mostly low, marshy plain near the river, and dry forest and thorny scrub elsewhere" );; line 88065 (wfb::natural-resource paraguay hydropower-natural-resource );; line 88071 (wfb::natural-resource paraguay timber );; line 88071 (wfb::natural-resource paraguay iron_ore );; line 88071 (wfb::natural-resource paraguay manganese );; line 88071 (wfb::natural-resource paraguay limestone );; line 88071 (wfb::land_use paraguay arable_land (* 20 %) );; line 88076 (wfb::land_use paraguay permanent_crops (* 1 %) );; line 88078 (wfb::land_use paraguay meadows_and_pastures (* 39 %) );; line 88080 (wfb::land_use paraguay forest_and_woodland (* 35 %) );; line 88082 (wfb::land_use paraguay other (* 5 %) );; line 88084 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land paraguay date_1989 );; line 88088 (wfb::irrigated_land paraguay (* 670 sq_km) );; line 88088 (wfb::environment paraguay current_issues "deforestation (an estimated 2 million hectares of forest land have been lost from 1958-1985)" );; line 88093 (wfb::environment paraguay current_issues "water pollution" );; line 88093 (wfb::environment paraguay current_issues "inadequate means for waste disposal present health risks for many urban residents" );; line 88093 (wfb::environment paraguay natural_hazards "local flooding in southeast (early September to June)" );; line 88097 (wfb::environment paraguay natural_hazards "poorly drained plains may become boggy (early October to June)" );; line 88097 (wfb::environment paraguay international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection" );; line 88100 (wfb::environment paraguay international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Nuclear Test Ban" );; line 88100 (wfb::note paraguay "landlocked; buffer between Argentina and Brazil" );; line 88106 (wfb::estimation-date population paraguay date_jul_1995 );; line 88112 (wfb::population paraguay 5358198 );; line 88112 (wfb::age_structure paraguay 0-14_years (* 41 %) );; line 88117 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex paraguay 0-14_years female 1077284 );; line 88117 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex paraguay 0-14_years male 1123776 );; line 88117 (wfb::age_structure paraguay 15-64_years (* 55 %) );; line 88119 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex paraguay 15-64_years female 1465147 );; line 88119 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex paraguay 15-64_years male 1468642 );; line 88119 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure paraguay 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 88121 (wfb::age_structure paraguay 65_years_and_over (* 4 %) );; line 88121 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex paraguay 65_years_and_over female 120776 );; line 88121 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex paraguay 65_years_and_over male 102573 );; line 88121 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate paraguay date_1995 );; line 88125 (wfb::population_growth_rate paraguay (* 2.71 %) );; line 88125 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate paraguay date_1995 );; line 88129 (wfb::birth_rate paraguay (* 31.48 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 88129 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate paraguay date_1995 );; line 88133 (wfb::death_rate paraguay (* 4.38 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 88133 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate paraguay date_1995 );; line 88137 (wfb::net_migration_rate paraguay (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 88137 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate paraguay date_1995 );; line 88141 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate paraguay (* 24.1 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 88141 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth paraguay total_population (* 73.58 years) );; line 88146 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth paraguay male (* 72.06 years) );; line 88148 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth paraguay female date_1995 );; line 88150 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth paraguay female (* 75.18 years) );; line 88150 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate paraguay date_1995 );; line 88154 (wfb::total_fertility_rate paraguay (* 4.22 children_born/woman) );; line 88154 (wfb::nationality paraguay noun "Paraguayan(s)" );; line 88159 (wfb::nationality paraguay adjective "Paraguayan" );; line 88161 (wfb::ethnic-entity paraguay |mestizo (mixed Spanish and Indian)| (* 95 %) );; line 88165 (wfb::ethnic-entity paraguay caucasians_plus_amerindians (* 5 %) );; line 88165 (wfb::religion paraguay roman_catholic (* 90 %) );; line 88170 (wfb::religion paraguay mennonite_and_other_protestant_denominations n/a );; line 88170 (wfb::language paraguay spanish-language-group n/a );; line 88174 (wfb::comment language paraguay spanish-language-group "official" );; line 88174 (wfb::language paraguay guarani n/a );; line 88174 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition paraguay date_1990 );; line 88178 (wfb::literacy-condition paraguay "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 88178 (wfb::literacy paraguay total_population (* 90 %) );; line 88180 (wfb::literacy paraguay male (* 92 %) );; line 88182 (wfb::literacy paraguay female (* 88 %) );; line 88184 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force paraguay date_1993 );; line 88188 (wfb::total_labor_force paraguay 1.692e6 );; line 88188 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation paraguay agriculture (* 45 %) );; line 88190 (wfb::names paraguay conventional_long_form "Republic of Paraguay" );; line 88196 (wfb::names paraguay conventional_short_form "Paraguay" );; line 88198 (wfb::names paraguay local_long_form "Republica del Paraguay" );; line 88200 (wfb::names paraguay local_short_form "Paraguay" );; line 88202 (wfb::digraph paraguay "PA" );; line 88206 (wfb::type paraguay "republic" );; line 88210 (wfb::capital paraguay asuncion-paraguay );; line 88214 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_paraguay_departments "departments" "departamentos" "departamento" );; line 88218 (wfb::administrative_divisions paraguay adm_div_paraguay_departments 19 );; line 88218 (wfb::administrative_division_of paraguay adm_div_paraguay_departments "Alto Paraguay" );; line 88218 (wfb::administrative_division_of paraguay adm_div_paraguay_departments "Alto Parana" );; line 88218 (wfb::administrative_division_of paraguay adm_div_paraguay_departments "Amambay" );; line 88218 (wfb::administrative_division_of paraguay adm_div_paraguay_departments "Boqueron" );; line 88218 (wfb::administrative_division_of paraguay adm_div_paraguay_departments "Caaguazu" );; line 88218 (wfb::administrative_division_of paraguay adm_div_paraguay_departments "Caazapa" );; line 88218 (wfb::administrative_division_of paraguay adm_div_paraguay_departments "Canindeyu" );; line 88218 (wfb::administrative_division_of paraguay adm_div_paraguay_departments "Central" );; line 88218 (wfb::administrative_division_of paraguay adm_div_paraguay_departments "Chaco" );; line 88218 (wfb::administrative_division_of paraguay adm_div_paraguay_departments "Concepcion" );; line 88218 (wfb::administrative_division_of paraguay adm_div_paraguay_departments "Cordillera" );; line 88218 (wfb::administrative_division_of paraguay adm_div_paraguay_departments "Guaira" );; line 88218 (wfb::administrative_division_of paraguay adm_div_paraguay_departments "Itapua" );; line 88218 (wfb::administrative_division_of paraguay adm_div_paraguay_departments "Misiones" );; line 88218 (wfb::administrative_division_of paraguay adm_div_paraguay_departments "Neembucu" );; line 88218 (wfb::administrative_division_of paraguay adm_div_paraguay_departments "Nueva Asuncion" );; line 88218 (wfb::administrative_division_of paraguay adm_div_paraguay_departments "Paraguari" );; line 88218 (wfb::administrative_division_of paraguay adm_div_paraguay_departments "Presidente Hayes" );; line 88218 (wfb::administrative_division_of paraguay adm_div_paraguay_departments "San Pedro" );; line 88218 (wfb::independence paraguay date_14_may_1811 "Spain" );; line 88225 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1811 );; line 88229 (wfb::comment national_holiday paraguay "1811" );; line 88229 (wfb::national_holiday paraguay "Independence Days" date_14 );; line 88229 (wfb::constitution paraguay "promulgated 20 June 1992" );; line 88233 (wfb::legal_system paraguay "based on Argentine codes, Roman law, and French codes; judicial review of legislative acts in Supreme Court of Justice; does not accept compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 88237 (wfb::comment suffrage paraguay " universal and compulsory up to age 60" );; line 88243 (wfb::suffrage paraguay (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 88243 (wfb::comment executive_branch paraguay chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "Vice President Roberto Angel SEIFART (since 15 August 1993)" );; line 88248 (wfb::comment executive_branch paraguay chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "election last held 9 May 1993 (next to be held May 1998)" );; line 88248 (wfb::comment executive_branch paraguay chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "results - Juan Carlos WASMOSY 40.09%, Domingo LAINO 32.06%, Guillermo CABALLERO VARGAS 23.04%" );; line 88248 (wfb::executive_branch paraguay chief_of_state "President Juan Carlos WASMOSY " date_15_aug_1993 );; line 88248 (wfb::executive_branch paraguay head_of_government "President Juan Carlos WASMOSY " date_15_aug_1993 );; line 88248 (wfb::comment executive_branch paraguay cabinet "nominated by the president" );; line 88253 (wfb::executive_branch paraguay cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 88253 (wfb::legislative_structure paraguay bicameral "Congress (Congreso)" );; line 88257 (wfb::legislative_branch paraguay "Chamber of Senators (Camara de Senadores)" "elections last held 9 May 1993 (next to be held May 1998); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (45 total) Colorado Party 20, PLRA 17, EN 8" );; line 88259 (wfb::legislative_branch paraguay "Chamber of Deputies (Camara de Diputados)" "elections last held on 9 May 1993 (next to be held by May 1998); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (80 total) Colorado Party 38, PLRA 33, EN 9" );; line 88263 (wfb::judicial_branch paraguay "Supreme Court of Justice (Corte Suprema de Justicia)" );; line 88269 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders paraguay "Colorado Party, Eugenio SANABRIA CANTERO, president; Authentic Radical Liberal Party (PLRA), Domingo LAINO; National Encounter (EN), Guillermo CABALLERO VARGAS (the EN party includes the following minor parties: Christian Democratic Party (PDC), Jose Angel BURRO; Febrerista Revolutionary Party (PRF), Euclides ACEVEDO; Popular Democratic Party (PDP), Hugo RICHER)" );; line 88273 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups paraguay "Confederation of Workers (CUT); Roman Catholic Church" );; line 88281 (wfb::member_of paraguay ag );; line 88285 (wfb::comment member_of paraguay ag "observer" );; line 88285 (wfb::member_of paraguay ccc );; line 88285 (wfb::member_of paraguay eclac );; line 88285 (wfb::member_of paraguay fao );; line 88285 (wfb::member_of paraguay g-77 );; line 88285 (wfb::member_of paraguay gatt );; line 88285 (wfb::member_of paraguay iadb );; line 88285 (wfb::member_of paraguay iaea );; line 88285 (wfb::member_of paraguay ibrd );; line 88285 (wfb::member_of paraguay icao );; line 88285 (wfb::member_of paraguay icftu );; line 88285 (wfb::member_of paraguay icrm );; line 88285 (wfb::member_of paraguay ida );; line 88285 (wfb::member_of paraguay ifad );; line 88285 (wfb::member_of paraguay ifc );; line 88285 (wfb::member_of paraguay ifrcs );; line 88285 (wfb::member_of paraguay ilo );; line 88285 (wfb::member_of paraguay imf );; line 88285 (wfb::member_of paraguay imo );; line 88285 (wfb::member_of paraguay intelsat );; line 88285 (wfb::member_of paraguay interpol );; line 88285 (wfb::member_of paraguay ioc );; line 88285 (wfb::member_of paraguay iom );; line 88285 (wfb::member_of paraguay itu );; line 88285 (wfb::member_of paraguay laes );; line 88285 (wfb::member_of paraguay laia );; line 88285 (wfb::member_of paraguay mercosur );; line 88285 (wfb::member_of paraguay oas );; line 88285 (wfb::member_of paraguay opanal );; line 88285 (wfb::member_of paraguay pca );; line 88285 (wfb::member_of paraguay rg );; line 88285 (wfb::member_of paraguay un );; line 88285 (wfb::member_of paraguay unctad );; line 88285 (wfb::member_of paraguay unesco );; line 88285 (wfb::member_of paraguay unido );; line 88285 (wfb::member_of paraguay upu );; line 88285 (wfb::member_of paraguay wcl );; line 88285 (wfb::member_of paraguay who );; line 88285 (wfb::member_of paraguay wipo );; line 88285 (wfb::member_of paraguay wmo );; line 88285 (wfb::member_of paraguay wto );; line 88285 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us paraguay chief_of_mission "Ambassador Jorge Genaro Andres PRIETO CONTI" );; line 88293 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us paraguay chancery "2400 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 88295 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us paraguay telephone "[1] (202) 483-6960 through 6962" );; line 88297 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us paraguay fax "[1] (202) 234-4508" );; line 88299 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us paraguay |consulate(s) general| "Miami, New Orleans, and New York" );; line 88301 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation paraguay chief_of_mission "Ambassador Robert SERVICE" );; line 88306 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation paraguay embassy "1776 Avenida Mariscal Lopez, Asuncion" );; line 88308 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation paraguay mailing_address "C. P. 402, Asuncion; Unit 4711, APO AA 34036-0001" );; line 88310 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation paraguay telephone "[595] (21) 213-715" );; line 88312 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation paraguay fax "[595] (21) 213-728" );; line 88314 (wfb::flag paraguay "three equal, horizontal bands of red (top), white, and blue with an emblem centered in the white band; unusual flag in that the emblem is different on each side; the obverse (hoist side at the left) bears the national coat of arms (a yellow five-pointed star within a green wreath capped by the words REPUBLICA DEL PARAGUAY, all within two circles); the reverse (hoist side at the right) bears the seal of the treasury (a yellow lion below a red Cap of Liberty and the words Paz y Justicia (Peace and Justice) capped by the words REPUBLICA DEL PARAGUAY, all within two circles)" );; line 88318 (wfb::overview paraguay "Agriculture, including forestry, accounts for about 25% of GDP, employs about 45% of the labor force, and provides the bulk of exports, in which soybeans and cotton are the most important. Paraguay lacks substantial mineral or petroleum resources but possesses a large hydropower potential. In a major step to increase its economic activity in the region, Paraguay in March 1991 joined the Southern Cone Common Market (MERCOSUR), which includes Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay. In 1992, the government, through an unorthodox approach, reduced external debt with both commercial and official creditors by purchasing a sizable amount of the delinquent commercial debt in the secondary market at a substantial discount. The government had paid 100% of remaining official debt arrears to the US, Germany, France, and Spain. All commercial debt arrears have been rescheduled. For the long run, the government must press forward with general, market-oriented economic reforms. Growth of 3.5% in 1993 was spurred by higher-than-expected agricultural output and rising international commodity prices. Inflation picked up steam in fourth quarter 1993 because of rises in public sector salaries and utility rates. GDP growth continued in 1994 at 3.5%. Although inflation declined a bit over 1993, increases in food prices, and crop and infrastructure damage from heavy rains at the end of the year, forced inflation to 18%, above the government's target of 15%. Paraguay reaffirmed its commitment to MERCOSUR on 1 January 1995 by implementing the organization's common external tariff." );; line 88330 (wfb::estimation-date national_product paraguay date_1994 );; line 88354 (wfb::national_product paraguay (* 15.4e9 $) );; line 88354 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate paraguay date_1994 );; line 88358 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate paraguay (* 3.5 %) );; line 88358 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita paraguay date_1994 );; line 88362 (wfb::national_product_per_capita paraguay (* 2950 $) );; line 88362 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| paraguay "18% (1994 est.)" );; line 88366 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate paraguay date_1994 );; line 88370 (wfb::unemployment_rate paraguay (* 11.2 %) );; line 88370 (wfb::budget paraguay revenues (* 1.2e9 $) );; line 88375 (wfb::estimation-date budget paraguay date_1992 );; line 88377 (wfb::budget paraguay expenditures (* 1.4e9 $) );; line 88377 (wfb::budget paraguay capital_expenditures (* 487e6 $) );; line 88377 (wfb::exports paraguay (* 728e6 $) );; line 88382 (wfb::exports paraguay commodities cotton n/a );; line 88384 (wfb::exports paraguay commodities soybeans n/a );; line 88384 (wfb::exports paraguay commodities timber-commodity n/a );; line 88384 (wfb::exports paraguay commodities vegetable_oils n/a );; line 88384 (wfb::exports paraguay commodities meat_products n/a );; line 88384 (wfb::exports paraguay commodities coffee n/a );; line 88384 (wfb::exports paraguay commodities tung_oil n/a );; line 88384 (wfb::exports paraguay partners ec (* 37 %) );; line 88387 (wfb::exports paraguay partners brazil (* 25 %) );; line 88387 (wfb::exports paraguay partners argentina (* 10 %) );; line 88387 (wfb::exports paraguay partners chile (* 6 %) );; line 88387 (wfb::exports paraguay partners us (* 6 %) );; line 88387 (wfb::imports paraguay (* 1.38e9 $) );; line 88391 (wfb::imports paraguay commodities capital_goods n/a );; line 88393 (wfb::imports paraguay commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 88393 (wfb::imports paraguay commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 88393 (wfb::imports paraguay commodities raw_materials n/a );; line 88393 (wfb::imports paraguay commodities fuels n/a );; line 88393 (wfb::imports paraguay partners brazil (* 30 %) );; line 88395 (wfb::imports paraguay partners ec (* 20 %) );; line 88395 (wfb::imports paraguay partners us (* 18 %) );; line 88395 (wfb::imports paraguay partners argentina (* 8 %) );; line 88395 (wfb::imports paraguay partners japan (* 7 %) );; line 88395 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 88403 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production paraguay date_1993 );; line 88403 (wfb::industrial_production paraguay growth_rate (* 3.6 %) );; line 88403 (wfb::industrial_production paraguay accounts_for (* 20 %_of_gdp) );; line 88403 (wfb::electricity paraguay capacity (* 6530000 kw) );; line 88408 (wfb::measurement-date electricity paraguay production date_1992 );; line 88410 (wfb::electricity paraguay production (* 26.5e9 kwh) );; line 88410 (wfb::comment electricity paraguay "much of the electricity produced in Paraguay is exported to Brazil and domestic consumption cannot be determined" );; line 88414 (wfb::industry paraguay meat_packing );; line 88419 (wfb::industry paraguay oilseed_crushing );; line 88419 (wfb::industry paraguay milling );; line 88419 (wfb::industry paraguay brewing );; line 88419 (wfb::industry paraguay textiles );; line 88419 (wfb::industry paraguay cement );; line 88419 (wfb::industry paraguay construction-industry );; line 88419 (wfb::agriculture paraguay "accounts for 26% of GDP; cash crops - cotton, sugarcane, soybeans; other crops - corn, wheat, tobacco, cassava, fruits, vegetables; animal products - beef, pork, eggs, milk; surplus producer of timber; self-sufficient in most foods" );; line 88424 (wfb::illicit_drugs paraguay "illicit producer of cannabis for the international drug trade; important transshipment point for Bolivian cocaine headed for the US and Europe" );; line 88431 (wfb::economic_aid paraguay recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $172 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $1.1 billion" );; line 88437 (wfb::abbreviation guarani "G" );; line 88442 (wfb::currency paraguay guarani 100 centimos );; line 88442 (wfb::exchange_rates paraguay "guaranies (G) per US$ - 1,949.6 (January 1995), 1,911.5 (1994), 1,744.3 (1993), 1,500.3 (1992), 1,325.2 (1991), 1,229.8 (1990)" );; line 88446 (wfb::fiscal_year paraguay date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 88451 (wfb::railroads paraguay total "970 km" );; line 88457 (wfb::railroads paraguay standard_gauge "440 km 1.435-m gauge" );; line 88459 (wfb::railroads paraguay narrow_gauge "60 km 1.000-m gauge" );; line 88461 (wfb::railroads paraguay other "470 km various gauges (privately owned)" );; line 88463 (wfb::highways paraguay total (* 28300 km) );; line 88468 (wfb::highways paraguay paved (* 2600 km) );; line 88470 (wfb::highways paraguay gravel (* 500 km) );; line 88472 (wfb::highways paraguay earth (* 25200 km) );; line 88472 (wfb::inland_waterways paraguay "3,100 km" );; line 88476 (wfb::port paraguay asuncion-paraguay );; line 88480 (wfb::port paraguay villeta-paraguay );; line 88480 (wfb::port paraguay san_antonio-paraguay );; line 88480 (wfb::port paraguay encarnacion-paraguay );; line 88480 (wfb::merchant_marine paraguay total "13 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 16,747 GRT/19,513 DWT" );; line 88485 (wfb::merchant_marine paraguay ships_by_type "cargo 11, oil tanker 2" );; line 88487 (wfb::comment merchant_marine paraguay "in addition, 1 naval cargo ship is sometimes used commercially" );; line 88489 (wfb::airports paraguay total 929 );; line 88494 (wfb::airports paraguay |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 2 );; line 88496 (wfb::airports paraguay |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 2 );; line 88498 (wfb::airports paraguay |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 3 );; line 88500 (wfb::airports paraguay with_paved_runways_under_914_m 578 );; line 88502 (wfb::airports paraguay |with unpaved runways over 3,047 m| 2 );; line 88504 (wfb::airports paraguay |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 88506 (wfb::airports paraguay |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 27 );; line 88508 (wfb::airports paraguay |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 314 );; line 88510 (wfb::telephone_system paraguay "78,300 telephones; 16 telephones/1,000 persons; meager telephone service; principal switching center in Asuncion" );; line 88515 (wfb::telephone_system paraguay local "NA" );; line 88518 (wfb::telephone_system paraguay intercity "fair microwave radio relay network" );; line 88520 (wfb::telephone_system paraguay international "1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station" );; line 88522 (wfb::radio paraguay broadcast_stations am 40 );; line 88527 (wfb::radio paraguay broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 88527 (wfb::radio paraguay broadcast_stations shortwave 7 );; line 88527 (wfb::radio paraguay radios n/a );; line 88529 (wfb::television paraguay broadcast_stations 5 );; line 88534 (wfb::television paraguay televisions n/a );; line 88536 (wfb::defense_branch paraguay army_paraguay );; line 88542 (wfb::comment defense_branch paraguay navy_paraguay "includes Naval Air and Marines" );; line 88542 (wfb::defense_branch paraguay navy_paraguay );; line 88542 (wfb::defense_branch paraguay air_force_paraguay );; line 88542 (wfb::manpower_availability paraguay "males age 15-49 1,290,894; males fit for military service 937,054; males reach military age (17) annually 55,551 (1995 est.)" );; line 88546 (wfb::estimation-date defense_expenditures paraguay date_1994 );; line 88551 (wfb::defense_expenditures paraguay (* 100e6 $) );; line 88551 (wfb::defense_expenditures paraguay (* 1.6 %_of_gdp) );; line 88551 (wfb::markup-parameter figure peru "graphno=\"pe.tif\"" );; line 88557 (wfb::location peru "Western South America, bordering the South Pacific Ocean, between Chile and Ecuador" );; line 88561 (wfb::map_references peru "South America" );; line 88566 (wfb::area peru total_area (* 1285220 sq_km) );; line 88571 (wfb::area peru land_area (* 1.28e6 sq_km) );; line 88573 (wfb::area peru comparative_area "slightly smaller than Alaska" );; line 88575 (wfb::borders peru total (* 6940 km) );; line 88579 (wfb::borders peru bolivia (* 900 km) );; line 88579 (wfb::borders peru brazil (* 1560 km) );; line 88579 (wfb::borders peru chile (* 160 km) );; line 88579 (wfb::borders peru colombia (* 2900 km) );; line 88579 (wfb::borders peru ecuador (* 1420 km) );; line 88579 (wfb::coastline peru (* 2414 km) );; line 88584 (wfb::maritime_claims peru continental_shelf (* 200 nm) );; line 88589 (wfb::maritime_claims peru territorial_sea (* 200 nm) );; line 88591 (wfb::international_disputes peru "three sections of the boundary with Ecuador are in dispute" );; line 88595 (wfb::climate peru "varies from tropical in east to dry desert in west" );; line 88599 (wfb::terrain peru "western coastal plain (costa), high and rugged Andes in center (sierra), eastern lowland jungle of Amazon Basin (selva)" );; line 88603 (wfb::natural-resource peru copper );; line 88608 (wfb::natural-resource peru silver );; line 88608 (wfb::natural-resource peru gold );; line 88608 (wfb::natural-resource peru petroleum );; line 88608 (wfb::natural-resource peru timber );; line 88608 (wfb::natural-resource peru fish );; line 88608 (wfb::natural-resource peru iron_ore );; line 88608 (wfb::natural-resource peru coal );; line 88608 (wfb::natural-resource peru phosphate );; line 88608 (wfb::natural-resource peru potash );; line 88608 (wfb::land_use peru arable_land (* 3 %) );; line 88614 (wfb::land_use peru permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 88616 (wfb::land_use peru meadows_and_pastures (* 21 %) );; line 88618 (wfb::land_use peru forest_and_woodland (* 55 %) );; line 88620 (wfb::land_use peru other (* 21 %) );; line 88622 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land peru date_1989 );; line 88626 (wfb::irrigated_land peru (* 12500 sq_km) );; line 88626 (wfb::environment peru current_issues "deforestation" );; line 88631 (wfb::environment peru current_issues "overgrazing of the slopes of the costa and sierra leading to soil erosion" );; line 88631 (wfb::environment peru current_issues "desertification" );; line 88631 (wfb::environment peru current_issues "air pollution in Lima" );; line 88631 (wfb::environment peru current_issues "pollution of rivers and coastal waters from municipal and mining wastes" );; line 88631 (wfb::environment peru natural_hazards "earthquakes, tsunamis, flooding, landslides, mild volcanic activity" );; line 88635 (wfb::environment peru international_agreements "party to - Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands, Whaling" );; line 88638 (wfb::environment peru international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Desertification, Tropical Timber 94" );; line 88638 (wfb::note peru "shares control of Lago Titicaca, world's highest navigable lake, with Bolivia" );; line 88645 (wfb::estimation-date population peru date_jul_1995 );; line 88652 (wfb::population peru 24087372 );; line 88652 (wfb::age_structure peru 0-14_years (* 35 %) );; line 88657 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex peru 0-14_years female 4152520 );; line 88657 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex peru 0-14_years male 4296293 );; line 88657 (wfb::age_structure peru 15-64_years (* 61 %) );; line 88659 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex peru 15-64_years female 7280287 );; line 88659 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex peru 15-64_years male 7378227 );; line 88659 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure peru 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 88661 (wfb::age_structure peru 65_years_and_over (* 4 %) );; line 88661 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex peru 65_years_and_over female 535156 );; line 88661 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex peru 65_years_and_over male 444889 );; line 88661 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate peru date_1995 );; line 88665 (wfb::population_growth_rate peru (* 1.8 %) );; line 88665 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate peru date_1995 );; line 88669 (wfb::birth_rate peru (* 24.88 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 88669 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate peru date_1995 );; line 88673 (wfb::death_rate peru (* 6.84 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 88673 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate peru date_1995 );; line 88677 (wfb::net_migration_rate peru (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 88677 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate peru date_1995 );; line 88681 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate peru (* 52.1 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 88681 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth peru total_population (* 66.07 years) );; line 88686 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth peru male (* 63.86 years) );; line 88688 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth peru female date_1995 );; line 88690 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth peru female (* 68.38 years) );; line 88690 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate peru date_1995 );; line 88694 (wfb::total_fertility_rate peru (* 3 children_born/woman) );; line 88694 (wfb::nationality peru noun "Peruvian(s)" );; line 88699 (wfb::nationality peru adjective "Peruvian" );; line 88701 (wfb::ethnic-entity peru indian (* 45 %) );; line 88705 (wfb::ethnic-entity peru |mestizo (mixed Indian and European ancestry)| (* 37 %) );; line 88705 (wfb::ethnic-entity peru white (* 15 %) );; line 88705 (wfb::religion peru roman_catholic n/a );; line 88710 (wfb::language peru spanish-language-group n/a );; line 88714 (wfb::comment language peru spanish-language-group "official" );; line 88714 (wfb::language peru quechua-language-group n/a );; line 88714 (wfb::comment language peru quechua-language-group "official" );; line 88714 (wfb::language peru aymara-language-group n/a );; line 88714 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition peru date_1990 );; line 88718 (wfb::literacy-condition peru "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 88718 (wfb::literacy peru total_population (* 82 %) );; line 88720 (wfb::literacy peru male (* 92 %) );; line 88722 (wfb::literacy peru female (* 74 %) );; line 88724 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force peru date_1992 );; line 88728 (wfb::total_labor_force peru 8e6 );; line 88728 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force peru by_occupation date_1988 );; line 88730 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1988 );; line 88730 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation peru government_and_other_services (* 44 %) );; line 88730 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation peru agriculture (* 37 %) );; line 88730 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation peru industry (* 19 %) );; line 88730 (wfb::names peru conventional_long_form "Republic of Peru" );; line 88737 (wfb::names peru conventional_short_form "Peru" );; line 88739 (wfb::names peru local_long_form "Republica del Peru" );; line 88741 (wfb::names peru local_short_form "Peru" );; line 88743 (wfb::digraph peru "PE" );; line 88747 (wfb::type peru "republic" );; line 88751 (wfb::capital peru lima-peru );; line 88755 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_peru_departments "departments" "departamentos" "departamento" );; line 88759 (wfb::administrative_divisions peru adm_div_peru_departments 24 );; line 88759 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_peru_constitutional_province "constitutional province" "n/a" "provincia constitucional" );; line 88759 (wfb::administrative_divisions peru adm_div_peru_constitutional_province 1 );; line 88759 (wfb::administrative_division_of peru adm_div_peru_departments "Amazonas" );; line 88759 (wfb::administrative_division_of peru adm_div_peru_departments "Ancash" );; line 88759 (wfb::administrative_division_of peru adm_div_peru_departments "Apurimac" );; line 88759 (wfb::administrative_division_of peru adm_div_peru_departments "Arequipa" );; line 88759 (wfb::administrative_division_of peru adm_div_peru_departments "Ayacucho" );; line 88759 (wfb::administrative_division_of peru adm_div_peru_departments "Cajamarca" );; line 88759 (wfb::administrative_division_of peru adm_div_peru_constitutional_province "Callao" );; line 88759 (wfb::administrative_division_of peru adm_div_peru_departments "Cusco" );; line 88759 (wfb::administrative_division_of peru adm_div_peru_departments "Huancavelica" );; line 88759 (wfb::administrative_division_of peru adm_div_peru_departments "Huanuco" );; line 88759 (wfb::administrative_division_of peru adm_div_peru_departments "Ica" );; line 88759 (wfb::administrative_division_of peru adm_div_peru_departments "Junin" );; line 88759 (wfb::administrative_division_of peru adm_div_peru_departments "La Libertad" );; line 88759 (wfb::administrative_division_of peru adm_div_peru_departments "Lambayeque" );; line 88759 (wfb::administrative_division_of peru adm_div_peru_departments "Lima" );; line 88759 (wfb::administrative_division_of peru adm_div_peru_departments "Loreto" );; line 88759 (wfb::administrative_division_of peru adm_div_peru_departments "Madre de Dios" );; line 88759 (wfb::administrative_division_of peru adm_div_peru_departments "Moquegua" );; line 88759 (wfb::administrative_division_of peru adm_div_peru_departments "Pasco" );; line 88759 (wfb::administrative_division_of peru adm_div_peru_departments "Piura" );; line 88759 (wfb::administrative_division_of peru adm_div_peru_departments "Puno" );; line 88759 (wfb::administrative_division_of peru adm_div_peru_departments "San Martin" );; line 88759 (wfb::administrative_division_of peru adm_div_peru_departments "Tacna" );; line 88759 (wfb::administrative_division_of peru adm_div_peru_departments "Tumbes" );; line 88759 (wfb::administrative_division_of peru adm_div_peru_departments "Ucayali" );; line 88759 (wfb::comment administrative_divisions peru "the 1979 Constitution mandated the creation of regions (regiones, singular - region) to function eventually as autonomous economic and administrative entities; so far, 12 regions have been constituted from 23 of the 24 departments - Amazonas (from Loreto), Andres Avelino Caceres (from Huanuco, Pasco, Junin), Arequipa (from Arequipa), Chavin (from Ancash), Grau (from Tumbes, Piura), Inca (from Cusco, Madre de Dios, Apurimac), La Libertad (from La Libertad), Los Libertadores-Huari (from Ica, Ayacucho, Huancavelica), Mariategui (from Moquegua, Tacna, Puno), Nor Oriental del Maranon (from Lambayeque, Cajamarca, Amazonas), San Martin (from San Martin), Ucayali (from Ucayali); formation of another region has been delayed by the reluctance of the constitutional province of Callao to merge with the department of Lima; because of inadequate funding from the central government and organizational and political difficulties, the regions have yet to assume major responsibilities; the 1993 Constitution retains the regions but limits their authority; the 1993 Constitution also reaffirms the roles of departmental and municipal governments." );; line 88765 (wfb::independence peru date_28_jul_1821 "Spain" );; line 88783 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1821 );; line 88787 (wfb::comment national_holiday peru "1821" );; line 88787 (wfb::national_holiday peru "Independence Day" date_28_jul );; line 88787 (wfb::constitution peru "31 December 1993" );; line 88791 (wfb::legal_system peru "based on civil law system; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 88795 (wfb::comment suffrage peru " universal" );; line 88800 (wfb::suffrage peru (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 88800 (wfb::comment executive_branch peru chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "election last held 9 April 1995 (next to be held NA 2000)" );; line 88805 (wfb::comment executive_branch peru chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "results - Alberto FUJIMORI 64.42%, Javier PEREZ de CUELLAR 21.80%, Mercedes CABANILLAS 4.11%, other 9.67%" );; line 88805 (wfb::executive_branch peru chief_of_state "President Alberto Kenyo FUJIMORI Fujimori " date_28_jul_1990 );; line 88805 (wfb::executive_branch peru head_of_government "President Alberto Kenyo FUJIMORI Fujimori " date_28_jul_1990 );; line 88805 (wfb::comment executive_branch peru cabinet "appointed by the president" );; line 88810 (wfb::executive_branch peru cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 88810 (wfb::comment executive_branch peru "Prime Minister Efrain GOLDENBERG Schreiber (since NA February 1994) does not exercise executive power; this power is in the hands of the president" );; line 88812 (wfb::legislative_structure peru unicameral n/a );; line 88818 (wfb::legislative_branch peru "Congress" "elections last held 9 April 1995 (next to be held NA 2000); results - C90/NM 52.1% of the total vote, UPP 14%, eleven other parties 33.9%; seats - (120 total, when installed on 28 July 1995) C90/NM 67, UPP 17, APRA 8, FIM 6, (CODE)-Pais Posible 5, AP 4, PPC 3, Renovacion 3, IU 2, OBRAS 2, MIA 1, FRENATRACA 1, (FREPAP) 1" );; line 88820 (wfb::judicial_branch peru "Supreme Court of Justice (Corte Suprema de Justicia)" );; line 88828 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders peru "Change 90-New Majority (C90/NM), Alberto FUJIMORI; Union for Peru (UPP), Javier PEREZ de CUELLAR; American Popular Revolutionary Alliance (APRA), Agustin MANTILLA Campos; Independent Moralizing Front (FIM), Fernando OLIVERA Vega; Democratic Coordinator (CODE) - Pais Posible, Jose BARBA Caballero and Alejandro TOLEDO; Popular Action Party (AP), Raul DIEZ CANSECO; Popular Christian Party (PPC), Luis BEDOYA Reyes; Renovacion, Rafael REY Rey; Civic Works Movement (OBRAS), Ricardo BELMONT; United Left (IU), Agustin HAYA de la TORRE; Independent Agrarian Movement (MIA), Rolando SALVATERRIE; Peru 2000-National Front of Workers and Peasants (FRENATRACA), Roger CACARES; Popular Agricultural Front (FREPAP), Ezequiel ATAUCUSI" );; line 88832 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups peru "leftist guerrilla groups include Shining Path, Abimael GUZMAN Reynoso (imprisoned); Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement, Nestor SERPA and Victor POLAY (imprisoned)" );; line 88845 (wfb::member_of peru ag );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru ccc );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru eclac );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru fao );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru g-11 );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru g-15 );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru g-19 );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru g-24 );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru g-77 );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru gatt );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru iadb );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru iaea );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru ibrd );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru icao );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru icftu );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru icrm );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru ida );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru ifad );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru ifc );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru ifrcs );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru ilo );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru imf );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru imo );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru inmarsat );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru intelsat );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru interpol );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru ioc );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru iom );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru iso );; line 88851 (wfb::comment member_of peru iso "correspondent" );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru itu );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru laes );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru laia );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru nam );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru oas );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru opanal );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru pca );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru rg );; line 88851 (wfb::comment member_of peru rg "suspended" );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru un );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru unctad );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru unesco );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru unido );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru upu );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru wcl );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru wftu );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru who );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru wipo );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru wmo );; line 88851 (wfb::member_of peru wto );; line 88851 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us peru chief_of_mission "Ambassador Ricardo V. LUNA Mendoza" );; line 88860 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us peru chancery "1700 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036" );; line 88862 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us peru telephone "[1] (202) 833-9860 through 9869" );; line 88864 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us peru fax "[1] (202) 659-8124" );; line 88866 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us peru |consulate(s) general| "Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New York, Paterson (New Jersey), and San Francisco" );; line 88868 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation peru chief_of_mission "Ambassador Alvin P. ADAMS, Jr." );; line 88874 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation peru embassy "corner of Avenida Inca Garcilaso de la Vega and Avenida Espana, Lima" );; line 88876 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation peru mailing_address "P. O. Box 1995, Lima 1; American Embassy (Lima), APO AA 34031" );; line 88879 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation peru telephone "[51] (14) 338000" );; line 88881 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation peru fax "[51] (14) 316682" );; line 88883 (wfb::flag peru "three equal, vertical bands of red (hoist side), white, and red with the coat of arms centered in the white band; the coat of arms features a shield bearing a llama, cinchona tree (the source of quinine), and a yellow cornucopia spilling out gold coins, all framed by a green wreath" );; line 88887 (wfb::overview peru "The Peruvian economy has become increasingly market-oriented, with major privatizations completed in 1994 in the mining and telecommunications industries. In the 1980s the economy suffered from hyperinflation, declining per capita output, and mounting external debt. Peru was shut off from IMF and World Bank support in the mid-1980s because of its huge debt arrears. An austerity program implemented shortly after the FUJIMORI government took office in July 1990 contributed to a third consecutive yearly contraction of economic activity, but the slide came to a halt late that year, and in 1991 output rose 2.4%. After a burst of inflation as the austerity program eliminated government price subsidies, monthly price increases eased to the single-digit level and by December 1991 dropped to the lowest increase since mid-1987. Lima obtained a financial rescue package from multilateral lenders in September 1991, although it faced $14 billion in arrears on its external debt. By working with the IMF and World Bank on new financial conditions and arrangements, the government succeeded in ending its arrears by March 1993. In 1992, GDP had fallen by 2.8%, in part because a warmer-than-usual El Nino current resulted in a 30% drop in the fish catch, but the economy rebounded as strong foreign investment helped push growth to 6% in 1993 and 8.6% in 1994." );; line 88895 (wfb::estimation-date national_product peru date_1994 );; line 88916 (wfb::national_product peru (* 73.6e9 $) );; line 88916 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate peru date_1994 );; line 88920 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate peru (* 8.6 %) );; line 88920 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita peru date_1994 );; line 88924 (wfb::national_product_per_capita peru (* 3110 $) );; line 88924 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| peru "15% (1994 est.)" );; line 88928 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate peru date_1992 );; line 88932 (wfb::budget peru revenues (* 2e9 $) );; line 88937 (wfb::estimation-date budget peru date_1992 );; line 88939 (wfb::budget peru expenditures (* 1.7e9 $) );; line 88939 (wfb::budget peru capital_expenditures (* 300e6 $) );; line 88939 (wfb::exports peru (* 4.1e9 $) );; line 88944 (wfb::exports peru commodities copper-commodity n/a );; line 88946 (wfb::exports peru commodities zinc-commodity n/a );; line 88946 (wfb::exports peru commodities fishmeal n/a );; line 88946 (wfb::exports peru commodities crude_petroleum_and_byproducts n/a );; line 88946 (wfb::exports peru commodities lead-commodity n/a );; line 88946 (wfb::exports peru commodities refined_silver n/a );; line 88946 (wfb::exports peru commodities coffee n/a );; line 88946 (wfb::exports peru commodities cotton n/a );; line 88946 (wfb::exports peru partners us (* 19 %) );; line 88949 (wfb::exports peru partners japan (* 9 %) );; line 88949 (wfb::exports peru partners italy n/a );; line 88949 (wfb::exports peru partners germany n/a );; line 88949 (wfb::imports peru (* 5.1e9 $) );; line 88953 (wfb::imports peru commodities machinery n/a );; line 88955 (wfb::imports peru commodities transport_equipment n/a );; line 88955 (wfb::imports peru commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 88955 (wfb::imports peru commodities petroleum-commodity n/a );; line 88955 (wfb::imports peru commodities iron_and_steel n/a );; line 88955 (wfb::imports peru commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 88955 (wfb::imports peru commodities pharmaceuticals n/a );; line 88955 (wfb::imports peru partners us (* 21 %) );; line 88958 (wfb::imports peru partners colombia n/a );; line 88958 (wfb::imports peru partners argentina n/a );; line 88958 (wfb::imports peru partners japan n/a );; line 88958 (wfb::imports peru partners germany n/a );; line 88958 (wfb::imports peru partners brazil n/a );; line 88958 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt peru date_1994 );; line 88962 (wfb::external_debt peru (* 22.4e9 $) );; line 88962 (wfb::electricity peru capacity (* 4190000 kw) );; line 88971 (wfb::electricity peru production (* 11.2e9 kwh) );; line 88973 (wfb::measurement-date electricity peru consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 88975 (wfb::electricity peru consumption_per_capita (* 448 kwh) );; line 88975 (wfb::industry peru mining_of_metals );; line 88979 (wfb::industry peru petroleum-industry );; line 88979 (wfb::industry peru fishing-industry );; line 88979 (wfb::industry peru textiles );; line 88979 (wfb::industry peru clothing );; line 88979 (wfb::industry peru food_processing );; line 88979 (wfb::industry peru cement );; line 88979 (wfb::industry peru auto_assembly );; line 88979 (wfb::industry peru steel );; line 88979 (wfb::industry peru shipbuilding );; line 88979 (wfb::industry peru metal_fabrication );; line 88979 (wfb::agriculture peru "accounts for 12% of GDP, about 35% of labor force; commercial crops - coffee, cotton, sugarcane; other crops - rice, wheat, potatoes, plantains, coca; animal products - poultry, red meats, dairy, wool; not self-sufficient in grain or vegetable oil; fish catch of 6.9 million metric tons (1990)" );; line 88984 (wfb::illicit_drugs peru "world's largest coca leaf producer with about 108,600 hectares under cultivation in 1994; source of supply for most of the world's coca paste and cocaine base; at least 85% of coca cultivation is for illicit production; most of cocaine base is shipped to Colombian drug dealers for processing into cocaine for the international drug market, but exports of finished cocaine are increasing" );; line 88992 (wfb::economic_aid peru recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $1.7 billion; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $4.3 billion; Communist countries (1970-89), $577 million" );; line 89002 (wfb::abbreviation nuevo_sol "S/." );; line 89008 (wfb::currency peru nuevo_sol 100 centimos );; line 89008 (wfb::exchange_rates peru "nuevo sol (S/.) per US$1 - 2.20 (February 1995), 2.195 (1994),1.988 (1993), 1.245 (1992), 0.772 (1991), 0.187 (1990)" );; line 89012 (wfb::fiscal_year peru date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 89017 (wfb::railroads peru total "1,801 km" );; line 89023 (wfb::railroads peru standard_gauge "1,501 km 1.435-m gauge" );; line 89025 (wfb::railroads peru narrow_gauge "300 km 0.914-m gauge" );; line 89027 (wfb::highways peru total (* 69942 km) );; line 89032 (wfb::highways peru paved (* 7459 km) );; line 89034 (wfb::highways peru improved_earth (* 13538 km) );; line 89036 (wfb::highways peru unimproved_earth (* 48945 km) );; line 89036 (wfb::inland_waterways peru "8,600 km of navigable tributaries of Amazon system and 208 km of Lago Titicaca" );; line 89040 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 800 km) );; line 89045 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas_and_natural_gas_liquids (* 64 km) );; line 89045 (wfb::port peru callao-peru );; line 89049 (wfb::port peru chimbote-peru );; line 89049 (wfb::port peru ilo-peru );; line 89049 (wfb::port peru iquitos-peru );; line 89049 (wfb::port peru matarani-peru );; line 89049 (wfb::port peru paita-peru );; line 89049 (wfb::port peru pucallpa-peru );; line 89049 (wfb::port peru salaverry-peru );; line 89049 (wfb::port peru san_martin-peru );; line 89049 (wfb::port peru talara-peru );; line 89049 (wfb::port peru yurimaguas-peru );; line 89049 (wfb::comment ports peru "Iquitos, Pucallpa, and Yurimaguas are all on the upper reaches of the Amazon and its tributaries" );; line 89052 (wfb::merchant_marine peru total "10 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 90,501 GRT/144,913 DWT" );; line 89058 (wfb::merchant_marine peru ships_by_type "bulk 3, cargo 6, refrigerated cargo 1" );; line 89060 (wfb::comment merchant_marine peru "in addition, 4 naval tankers and 1 naval cargo are sometimes used commercially" );; line 89062 (wfb::airports peru total 236 );; line 89068 (wfb::airports peru |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 6 );; line 89070 (wfb::airports peru |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 16 );; line 89072 (wfb::airports peru |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 11 );; line 89074 (wfb::airports peru |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 5 );; line 89076 (wfb::airports peru with_paved_runways_under_914_m 97 );; line 89078 (wfb::airports peru |with unpaved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 89080 (wfb::airports peru |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 2 );; line 89082 (wfb::airports peru |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 21 );; line 89084 (wfb::airports peru |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 77 );; line 89086 (wfb::telephone_system peru "544,000 telephones; fairly adequate for most requirements" );; line 89091 (wfb::telephone_system peru local "NA" );; line 89093 (wfb::telephone_system peru intercity "nationwide microwave radio relay system and 12 domestic satellite links" );; line 89095 (wfb::telephone_system peru international "2 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth stations" );; line 89098 (wfb::radio peru broadcast_stations am 273 );; line 89103 (wfb::radio peru broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 89103 (wfb::radio peru broadcast_stations shortwave 144 );; line 89103 (wfb::radio peru radios n/a );; line 89105 (wfb::television peru broadcast_stations 140 );; line 89110 (wfb::television peru televisions n/a );; line 89112 (wfb::comment defense_branch peru army_peru "Ejercito Peruano" );; line 89118 (wfb::defense_branch peru army_peru );; line 89118 (wfb::comment defense_branch peru navy_peru "Marina de Guerra del Peru" );; line 89118 (wfb::defense_branch peru navy_peru );; line 89118 (wfb::comment defense_branch peru air_force_peru "Fuerza Aerea del Peru" );; line 89118 (wfb::defense_branch peru air_force_peru );; line 89118 (wfb::defense_branch peru national_police_peru );; line 89118 (wfb::manpower_availability peru "males age 15-49 6,369,157; males fit for military service 4,300,772; males reach military age (20) annually 251,798 (1995 est.)" );; line 89123 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures peru date_1994 );; line 89128 (wfb::defense_expenditures peru (* 810e6 $) );; line 89128 (wfb::markup-parameter figure philippines "graphno=\"rp.tif\"" );; line 89134 (wfb::location philippines "Southeastern Asia, archipelago between the Philippine Sea and the South China Sea, east of Vietnam" );; line 89138 (wfb::map_references philippines "Southeast Asia" );; line 89143 (wfb::area philippines total_area (* 300000 sq_km) );; line 89148 (wfb::area philippines land_area (* 298170 sq_km) );; line 89150 (wfb::area philippines comparative_area "slightly larger than Arizona" );; line 89152 (wfb::coastline philippines (* 36289 km) );; line 89160 (wfb::maritime_claims philippines exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 89168 (wfb::international_disputes philippines "involved in a complex dispute over the Spratly Islands with China, Malaysia, Taiwan, Vietnam, and possibly Brunei" );; line 89176 (wfb::international_disputes philippines "claims Malaysian state of Sabah" );; line 89176 (wfb::climate philippines "tropical marine" );; line 89182 (wfb::climate philippines "northeast monsoon (November to April)" );; line 89182 (wfb::climate philippines "southwest monsoon (May to October)" );; line 89182 (wfb::terrain philippines "mostly mountains with narrow to extensive coastal lowlands" );; line 89187 (wfb::natural-resource philippines timber );; line 89191 (wfb::natural-resource philippines petroleum );; line 89191 (wfb::natural-resource philippines nickel );; line 89191 (wfb::natural-resource philippines cobalt );; line 89191 (wfb::natural-resource philippines silver );; line 89191 (wfb::natural-resource philippines gold );; line 89191 (wfb::natural-resource philippines salt );; line 89191 (wfb::natural-resource philippines copper );; line 89191 (wfb::land_use philippines arable_land (* 26 %) );; line 89196 (wfb::land_use philippines permanent_crops (* 11 %) );; line 89198 (wfb::land_use philippines meadows_and_pastures (* 4 %) );; line 89200 (wfb::land_use philippines forest_and_woodland (* 40 %) );; line 89202 (wfb::land_use philippines other (* 19 %) );; line 89204 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land philippines date_1989 );; line 89208 (wfb::irrigated_land philippines (* 16200 sq_km) );; line 89208 (wfb::environment philippines current_issues "uncontrolled deforestation in watershed areas" );; line 89213 (wfb::environment philippines current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 89213 (wfb::environment philippines current_issues "air and water pollution in Manila" );; line 89213 (wfb::environment philippines current_issues "increasing pollution of coastal mangrove swamps which are important fish breeding grounds" );; line 89213 (wfb::environment philippines natural_hazards "astride typhoon belt, usually affected by 15 and struck by five to six cyclonic storms per year" );; line 89217 (wfb::environment philippines natural_hazards "landslides, active volcanoes, destructive earthquakes, tsunamis" );; line 89217 (wfb::environment philippines international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands" );; line 89221 (wfb::estimation-date population philippines date_jul_1995 );; line 89229 (wfb::population philippines 73265584 );; line 89229 (wfb::age_structure philippines 0-14_years (* 38 %) );; line 89234 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex philippines 0-14_years female 13841552 );; line 89234 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex philippines 0-14_years male 14214234 );; line 89234 (wfb::age_structure philippines 15-64_years (* 58 %) );; line 89236 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex philippines 15-64_years female 21603818 );; line 89236 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex philippines 15-64_years male 20923307 );; line 89236 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure philippines 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 89238 (wfb::age_structure philippines 65_years_and_over (* 4 %) );; line 89238 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex philippines 65_years_and_over female 1425706 );; line 89238 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex philippines 65_years_and_over male 1256967 );; line 89238 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate philippines date_1995 );; line 89242 (wfb::population_growth_rate philippines (* 2.23 %) );; line 89242 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate philippines date_1995 );; line 89246 (wfb::birth_rate philippines (* 30.42 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 89246 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate philippines date_1995 );; line 89250 (wfb::death_rate philippines (* 6.97 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 89250 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate philippines date_1995 );; line 89254 (wfb::net_migration_rate philippines (* -1.14 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 89254 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate philippines date_1995 );; line 89258 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate philippines (* 49.6 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 89258 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth philippines total_population (* 65.65 years) );; line 89263 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth philippines male (* 63.16 years) );; line 89265 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth philippines female date_1995 );; line 89267 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth philippines female (* 68.25 years) );; line 89267 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate philippines date_1995 );; line 89271 (wfb::total_fertility_rate philippines (* 3.81 children_born/woman) );; line 89271 (wfb::nationality philippines noun "Filipino(s)" );; line 89276 (wfb::nationality philippines adjective "Philippine" );; line 89278 (wfb::ethnic-entity philippines christian_malay (* 91.5 %) );; line 89282 (wfb::ethnic-entity philippines muslim_malay (* 4 %) );; line 89282 (wfb::ethnic-entity philippines chinese (* 1.5 %) );; line 89282 (wfb::religion philippines roman_catholic (* 83 %) );; line 89286 (wfb::religion philippines protestant (* 9 %) );; line 89286 (wfb::religion philippines muslim (* 5 %) );; line 89286 (wfb::religion philippines buddhist_and_other (* 3 %) );; line 89286 (wfb::language philippines pilipino n/a );; line 89291 (wfb::comment language philippines pilipino "official; based on Tagalog" );; line 89291 (wfb::language philippines english n/a );; line 89291 (wfb::comment language philippines english "official" );; line 89291 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition philippines date_1990 );; line 89295 (wfb::literacy-condition philippines "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 89295 (wfb::literacy philippines total_population (* 94 %) );; line 89297 (wfb::literacy philippines male (* 94 %) );; line 89299 (wfb::literacy philippines female (* 93 %) );; line 89301 (wfb::total_labor_force philippines 24.12e6 );; line 89305 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force philippines by_occupation date_1989 );; line 89307 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1989 );; line 89307 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation philippines agriculture (* 46 %) );; line 89307 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation philippines industry_and_commerce (* 16 %) );; line 89307 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation philippines services (* 18.5 %) );; line 89307 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation philippines government (* 10 %) );; line 89307 (wfb::names philippines conventional_long_form "Republic of the Philippines" );; line 89314 (wfb::names philippines conventional_short_form "Philippines" );; line 89316 (wfb::names philippines local_long_form "Republika ng Pilipinas" );; line 89318 (wfb::names philippines local_short_form "Pilipinas" );; line 89320 (wfb::digraph philippines "RP" );; line 89324 (wfb::type philippines "republic" );; line 89328 (wfb::capital philippines manila-philippines );; line 89332 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_philippines_provinces "provinces" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_divisions philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces 72 );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "chartered cities" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_divisions philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities 61 );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Abra" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Agusan del Norte" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Agusan del Sur" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Aklan" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Albay" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Angeles" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Antique" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Aurora" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Bacolod" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Bago" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Baguio" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Bais" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Basilan" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Basilan City" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Bataan" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Batanes" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Batangas" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Batangas City" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Benguet" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Bohol" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Bukidnon" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Bulacan" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Butuan" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Cabanatuan" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Cadiz" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Cagayan" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Cagayan de Oro" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Calbayog" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Caloocan" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Camarines Norte" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Camarines Sur" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Camiguin" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Canlaon" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Capiz" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Catanduanes" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Cavite" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Cavite City" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Cebu" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Cebu City" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Cotabato" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Dagupan" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Danao" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Dapitan" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Davao City Davao" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Davao del Sur" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Davao Oriental" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Dipolog" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Dumaguete" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Eastern Samar" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "General Santos" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Gingoog" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Ifugao" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Iligan" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Ilocos Norte" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Ilocos Sur" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Iloilo" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Iloilo City" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Iriga" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Isabela" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Kalinga-Apayao" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "La Carlota" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Laguna" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Lanao del Norte" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Lanao del Sur" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Laoag" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Lapu-Lapu" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "La Union" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Legaspi" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Leyte" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Lipa" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Lucena" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Maguindanao" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Mandaue" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Manila" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Marawi" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Marinduque" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Masbate" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Mindoro Occidental" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Mindoro Oriental" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Misamis Occidental" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Misamis Oriental" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Mountain" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Naga" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Negros Occidental" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Negros Oriental" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "North Cotabato" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Northern Samar" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Nueva Ecija" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Nueva Vizcaya" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Olongapo" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Ormoc" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Oroquieta" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Ozamis" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Pagadian" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Palawan" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Palayan" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Pampanga" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Pangasinan" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Pasay" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Puerto Princesa" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Quezon" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Quezon City" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Quirino" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Rizal" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Romblon" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Roxas" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Samar" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "San Carlos (in Negros Occidental)" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "San Carlos (in Pangasinan)" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "San Jose" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "San Pablo" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Silay" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Siquijor" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Sorsogon" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "South Cotabato" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Southern Leyte" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Sultan Kudarat" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Sulu" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Surigao" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Surigao del Norte" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Surigao del Sur" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Tacloban" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Tagaytay" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Tagbilaran" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Tangub" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Tarlac" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Tawitawi" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Toledo" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Trece Martires" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Zambales" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_chartered_cities "Zamboanga" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Zamboanga del Norte" );; line 89336 (wfb::administrative_division_of philippines adm_div_philippines_provinces "Zamboanga del Sur" );; line 89336 (wfb::independence philippines date_4_jul_1946 "US" );; line 89361 (wfb::comment national_holiday philippines "from Spain" );; line 89365 (wfb::national_holiday philippines "Independence Day" date_12_jun );; line 89365 (wfb::constitution philippines "2 February 1987, effective 11 February 1987" );; line 89369 (wfb::legal_system philippines "based on Spanish and Anglo-American law; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations" );; line 89373 (wfb::comment suffrage philippines " universal" );; line 89378 (wfb::suffrage philippines (* 15 years_of_age) );; line 89378 (wfb::comment executive_branch philippines chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "Vice President Joseph Ejercito ESTRADA (since 30 June 1992)" );; line 89383 (wfb::comment executive_branch philippines chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "election last held 11 May 1992 (next to be held NA May 1998)" );; line 89383 (wfb::comment executive_branch philippines chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "results - Fidel Valdes RAMOS won 23.6% of the vote, a narrow plurality" );; line 89383 (wfb::executive_branch philippines chief_of_state "President Fidel Valdes RAMOS " date_30_jun_1992 );; line 89383 (wfb::executive_branch philippines head_of_government "President Fidel Valdes RAMOS " date_30_jun_1992 );; line 89383 (wfb::comment executive_branch philippines cabinet "appointed by the president with the consent of the Commission of Appointments" );; line 89388 (wfb::executive_branch philippines cabinet "Executive Secretary" );; line 89388 (wfb::legislative_structure philippines bicameral "Congress (Kongreso)" );; line 89393 (wfb::legislative_branch philippines "Senate (Senado)" "elections last held 11 May 1992 (next to be held NA May 1995); results - LDP 66%, NPC 20%, Lakas/NUCD 8%, Liberal 6%; seats - (24 total) LDP 15, NPC 5, Lakas/NUCD 2, Liberal 1, independent 1" );; line 89395 (wfb::legislative_branch philippines "House of Representatives (Kapulungan Ng Mga Kinatawan)" "elections last held 11 May 1992 (next to be held NA May 1995); results - LDP 43.5%; Lakas/NUCD 25%, NPC 23.5%, Liberal 5%, KBL 3%; seats - (200 total) LDP 87, NPC 45, Lakas/NUCD 41, Liberal 15, NP 6, KBL 3, independents 3" );; line 89399 (wfb::judicial_branch philippines "Supreme Court" );; line 89406 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders philippines "Democratic Filipino Struggle (Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipinas, LDP), Edgardo ESPIRITU; People Power-National Union of Christian Democrats (Lakas ng Edsa, NUCD and Partido Lakas Tao, Lakas/NUCD); Fidel V. RAMOS, President of the Republic, Raul MANGLAPUS, Jose DE VENECIA, secretary general; Nationalist People's Coalition (NPC), Eduardo COJUANGCO; Liberal Party, Jovito SALONGA; People's Reform Party (PRP), Miriam DEFENSOR-SANTIAGO; New Society Movement (Kilusan Bagong Lipunan; KBL), Imelda MARCOS; Nacionalista Party (NP), Salvador H. LAUREL, president" );; line 89410 (wfb::member_of philippines apec );; line 89421 (wfb::member_of philippines asdb );; line 89421 (wfb::member_of philippines asean );; line 89421 (wfb::member_of philippines ccc );; line 89421 (wfb::member_of philippines cp );; line 89421 (wfb::member_of philippines escap );; line 89421 (wfb::member_of philippines fao );; line 89421 (wfb::member_of philippines g-24 );; line 89421 (wfb::member_of philippines g-77 );; line 89421 (wfb::member_of philippines gatt );; line 89421 (wfb::member_of philippines iaea );; line 89421 (wfb::member_of philippines ibrd );; line 89421 (wfb::member_of philippines icao );; line 89421 (wfb::member_of philippines icftu );; line 89421 (wfb::member_of philippines icrm );; line 89421 (wfb::member_of philippines ida );; line 89421 (wfb::member_of philippines ifad );; line 89421 (wfb::member_of philippines ifc );; line 89421 (wfb::member_of philippines ifrcs );; line 89421 (wfb::member_of philippines ilo );; line 89421 (wfb::member_of philippines imf );; line 89421 (wfb::member_of philippines imo );; line 89421 (wfb::member_of philippines inmarsat );; line 89421 (wfb::member_of philippines intelsat );; line 89421 (wfb::member_of philippines interpol );; line 89421 (wfb::member_of philippines ioc );; line 89421 (wfb::member_of philippines iom );; line 89421 (wfb::member_of philippines iso );; line 89421 (wfb::member_of philippines itu );; line 89421 (wfb::member_of philippines nam );; line 89421 (wfb::member_of philippines un );; line 89421 (wfb::member_of philippines unctad );; line 89421 (wfb::member_of philippines unesco );; line 89421 (wfb::member_of philippines unhcr );; line 89421 (wfb::member_of philippines unido );; line 89421 (wfb::member_of philippines unu );; line 89421 (wfb::member_of philippines upu );; line 89421 (wfb::member_of philippines wcl );; line 89421 (wfb::member_of philippines wftu );; line 89421 (wfb::member_of philippines who );; line 89421 (wfb::member_of philippines wipo );; line 89421 (wfb::member_of philippines wmo );; line 89421 (wfb::member_of philippines wto );; line 89421 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us philippines chief_of_mission "Ambassador Raul Chaves RABE" );; line 89429 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us philippines chancery "1600 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036" );; line 89431 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us philippines telephone "[1] (202) 467-9300" );; line 89433 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us philippines fax "[1] (202) 328-7614" );; line 89435 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us philippines |consulate(s) general| "Agana (Guam), Chicago, Honolulu, Houston, Los Angeles, New York, San Francisco, and Seattle" );; line 89437 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us philippines |consulate(s)| "San Diego and San Jose (Saipan)" );; line 89440 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation philippines chief_of_mission "Ambassador John D. NEGROPONTE" );; line 89445 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation philippines embassy "1201 Roxas Boulevard, Ermita Manila 1000" );; line 89447 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation philippines mailing_address "APO AP 96440" );; line 89449 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation philippines telephone "[63] (2) 521-71-16" );; line 89451 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation philippines fax "[63] (2) 522-43-61" );; line 89453 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation philippines |consulate(s)| "Cebu" );; line 89455 (wfb::flag philippines "two equal horizontal bands of blue (top) and red with a white equilateral triangle based on the hoist side; in the center of the triangle is a yellow sun with eight primary rays (each containing three individual rays) and in each corner of the triangle is a small yellow five-pointed star" );; line 89459 (wfb::overview philippines "Domestic output in this primarily agricultural economy failed to grow in 1992 and rose only slightly in 1993. Drought and power supply problems hampered production, while inadequate revenues prevented government pump priming. Worker remittances helped to supplement GDP. A marked increase in capital goods imports, particularly power generating equipment, telecommunications equipment, and electronic data processors, contributed to 20% annual import growth in 1992-94. Provided the government can cope with the substantial trade deficit and meet the fiscal targets agreed to with the IMF, the Philippines should duplicate the strong growth performance of 1994 in 1995-96." );; line 89467 (wfb::estimation-date national_product philippines date_1994 );; line 89479 (wfb::national_product philippines (* 161.4e9 $) );; line 89479 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate philippines date_1994 );; line 89483 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate philippines (* 4.3 %) );; line 89483 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita philippines date_1994 );; line 89487 (wfb::national_product_per_capita philippines (* 2310 $) );; line 89487 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| philippines "7.1% (1994 est.)" );; line 89491 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate philippines date_1994 );; line 89495 (wfb::unemployment_rate philippines (* 9 %) );; line 89495 (wfb::budget philippines revenues (* 14e9 $) );; line 89500 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year budget philippines 94 );; line 89502 (wfb::budget philippines expenditures (* 15.4e9 $) );; line 89502 (wfb::budget philippines capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 89502 (wfb::exports philippines (* 13.4e9 $) );; line 89507 (wfb::exports philippines commodities electronics n/a );; line 89509 (wfb::exports philippines commodities textiles-commodity n/a );; line 89509 (wfb::exports philippines commodities coconut_products n/a );; line 89509 (wfb::exports philippines commodities copper-commodity n/a );; line 89509 (wfb::exports philippines commodities fish-commodity n/a );; line 89509 (wfb::measurement-date exports philippines date_1993 );; line 89511 (wfb::exports philippines partners us (* 39 %) );; line 89511 (wfb::exports philippines partners japan (* 16 %) );; line 89511 (wfb::exports philippines partners germany (* 5 %) );; line 89511 (wfb::exports philippines partners hong_kong (* 5 %) );; line 89511 (wfb::exports philippines partners uk (* 4 %) );; line 89511 (wfb::imports philippines (* 21.3e9 $) );; line 89515 (wfb::imports philippines commodities raw_materials (* 40 %) );; line 89517 (wfb::imports philippines commodities capital_goods (* 25 %) );; line 89517 (wfb::imports philippines commodities petroleum_products-commodity (* 10 %) );; line 89517 (wfb::measurement-date imports philippines date_1993 );; line 89519 (wfb::imports philippines partners japan (* 23 %) );; line 89519 (wfb::imports philippines partners us (* 20 %) );; line 89519 (wfb::imports philippines partners taiwan (* 6 %) );; line 89519 (wfb::imports philippines partners singapore (* 5 %) );; line 89519 (wfb::imports philippines partners south_korea (* 5 %) );; line 89519 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt philippines date_1994 );; line 89523 (wfb::external_debt philippines (* 40e9 $) );; line 89523 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 89527 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production philippines date_1993 );; line 89527 (wfb::industrial_production philippines growth_rate (* 1.4 %) );; line 89527 (wfb::industrial_production philippines accounts_for (* 28 %_of_gdp) );; line 89527 (wfb::electricity philippines capacity (* 6770000 kw) );; line 89532 (wfb::electricity philippines production (* 20.4e9 kwh) );; line 89534 (wfb::measurement-date electricity philippines consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 89536 (wfb::electricity philippines consumption_per_capita (* 278 kwh) );; line 89536 (wfb::industry philippines textiles );; line 89540 (wfb::industry philippines pharmaceuticals-industry );; line 89540 (wfb::industry philippines chemicals );; line 89540 (wfb::industry philippines wood_products );; line 89540 (wfb::industry philippines food_processing );; line 89540 (wfb::industry philippines electronics_assembly );; line 89540 (wfb::industry philippines petroleum_refining );; line 89540 (wfb::industry philippines fishing-industry );; line 89540 (wfb::agriculture philippines "accounts for 22% of GDP and about 45% of labor force; major crops - rice, coconuts, corn, sugarcane, bananas, pineapples, mangos; animal products - pork, eggs, beef; net exporter of farm products; fish catch of 2 million metric tons annually" );; line 89545 (wfb::illicit_drugs philippines "illicit producer of cannabis for the international drug trade; growers are producing more and better quality cannabis despite government eradication efforts; transit point for Southwest Asian heroin bound for the US" );; line 89552 (wfb::economic_aid philippines recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $3.6 billion; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-88), $7.9 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $5 million; Communist countries (1975-89), $123 million" );; line 89559 (wfb::abbreviation philippine_peso "P" );; line 89566 (wfb::currency philippines philippine_peso 100 centavos );; line 89566 (wfb::exchange_rates philippines "Philippine pesos (P) per US$1 - 24.622 (January 1995), 26.417 (1994), 22.120 (1993), 25.512 (1992), 27.479 (1991), 24.311 (1990)" );; line 89570 (wfb::fiscal_year philippines date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 89575 (wfb::railroads philippines total "800 km (est.); note - including about 390 km in Luzon" );; line 89581 (wfb::railroads philippines narrow_gauge "800 km 1.067-m gauge" );; line 89583 (wfb::highways philippines total (* 160700 km) );; line 89588 (wfb::highways philippines paved (* 29000 km) );; line 89590 (wfb::highways philippines unpaved (* 131700 km) );; line 89592 (wfb::inland_waterways philippines "3,219 km; limited to shallow-draft (less than 1.5 m) vessels" );; line 89596 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 357 km) );; line 89600 (wfb::port philippines batangas-philippines );; line 89604 (wfb::port philippines cagayan_de_oro-philippines );; line 89604 (wfb::port philippines cebu-philippines );; line 89604 (wfb::port philippines davao-philippines );; line 89604 (wfb::port philippines guimaras-philippines );; line 89604 (wfb::port philippines iligan-philippines );; line 89604 (wfb::port philippines iloilo-philippines );; line 89604 (wfb::port philippines jolo-philippines );; line 89604 (wfb::port philippines legaspi-philippines );; line 89604 (wfb::port philippines manila-philippines );; line 89604 (wfb::port philippines masao-philippines );; line 89604 (wfb::port philippines puerto_princesa-philippines );; line 89604 (wfb::port philippines san_fernando-philippines );; line 89604 (wfb::port philippines subic_bay-philippines );; line 89604 (wfb::port philippines zamboanga-philippines );; line 89604 (wfb::merchant_marine philippines total "552 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 8,748,083 GRT/14,373,730 DWT" );; line 89611 (wfb::merchant_marine philippines ships_by_type "bulk 237, cargo 134, chemical tanker 4, combination bulk 10, combination ore/oil 1, container 10, liquefied gas tanker 6, livestock carrier 9, oil tanker 46, passenger 1, passenger-cargo 11, refrigerated cargo 24, roll-on/roll-off cargo 13, short-sea passenger 17, vehicle carrier 29" );; line 89614 (wfb::comment merchant_marine philippines "a flag of convenience registry; Japan owns 13 ships, Norway 2, Switzerland 1, Taiwan 1, and South Korea 1" );; line 89619 (wfb::airports philippines total 269 );; line 89625 (wfb::airports philippines |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 2 );; line 89627 (wfb::airports philippines |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 7 );; line 89629 (wfb::airports philippines |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 24 );; line 89631 (wfb::airports philippines |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 32 );; line 89633 (wfb::airports philippines with_paved_runways_under_914_m 133 );; line 89635 (wfb::airports philippines |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 4 );; line 89637 (wfb::airports philippines |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 67 );; line 89639 (wfb::telephone_system philippines "872,900 telephones; good international radio and submarine cable services; domestic and interisland service adequate" );; line 89644 (wfb::telephone_system philippines local "NA" );; line 89647 (wfb::telephone_system philippines intercity "11 domestic satellite links" );; line 89649 (wfb::telephone_system philippines international "submarine cables extended to Hong Kong, Guam, Singapore, Taiwan, and Japan; 3 INTELSAT (1 Indian Ocean and 2 Pacific Ocean) earth stations" );; line 89651 (wfb::comment radio philippines broadcast_stations am "including 6 US" );; line 89657 (wfb::radio philippines broadcast_stations am 267 );; line 89657 (wfb::radio philippines broadcast_stations fm 55 );; line 89657 (wfb::radio philippines broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 89657 (wfb::radio philippines radios n/a );; line 89659 (wfb::comment television philippines broadcast_stations "including 4 US" );; line 89664 (wfb::television philippines broadcast_stations 33 );; line 89664 (wfb::television philippines televisions n/a );; line 89666 (wfb::defense_branch philippines army_philippines );; line 89672 (wfb::comment defense_branch philippines navy_philippines "includes Coast Guard and Marine Corps" );; line 89672 (wfb::defense_branch philippines navy_philippines );; line 89672 (wfb::defense_branch philippines air_force_philippines );; line 89672 (wfb::manpower_availability philippines "males age 15-49 18,238,568; males fit for military service 12,876,771; males reach military age (20) annually 752,622 (1995 est.)" );; line 89676 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures philippines date_1992 );; line 89681 (wfb::defense_expenditures philippines (* 731e6 $) );; line 89681 (wfb::defense_expenditures philippines (* 1.4 %_of_gnp) );; line 89681 (wfb::markup-parameter figure pitcairn_islands "graphno=\"pc.tif\"" );; line 89687 (wfb::header pitcairn_islands "(dependent territory of the UK)" );; line 89687 (wfb::location pitcairn_islands "Oceania, islands in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Peru to New Zealand" );; line 89692 (wfb::map_references pitcairn_islands "Oceania" );; line 89697 (wfb::area pitcairn_islands total_area (* 47 sq_km) );; line 89702 (wfb::area pitcairn_islands land_area (* 47 sq_km) );; line 89704 (wfb::area pitcairn_islands comparative_area "about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 89706 (wfb::coastline pitcairn_islands (* 51 km) );; line 89714 (wfb::maritime_claims pitcairn_islands exclusive_fishing_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 89719 (wfb::maritime_claims pitcairn_islands territorial_sea (* 3 nm) );; line 89721 (wfb::international_disputes pitcairn_islands "none" );; line 89725 (wfb::climate pitcairn_islands "tropical, hot, humid, modified by southeast trade winds" );; line 89729 (wfb::climate pitcairn_islands "rainy season (November to March)" );; line 89729 (wfb::terrain pitcairn_islands "rugged volcanic formation" );; line 89734 (wfb::terrain pitcairn_islands "rocky coastline with cliffs" );; line 89734 (wfb::natural-resource pitcairn_islands |miro trees (used for handicrafts)| );; line 89738 (wfb::natural-resource pitcairn_islands fish );; line 89738 (wfb::land_use pitcairn_islands arable_land (* n/a %) );; line 89743 (wfb::land_use pitcairn_islands permanent_crops (* n/a %) );; line 89745 (wfb::land_use pitcairn_islands meadows_and_pastures (* n/a %) );; line 89747 (wfb::land_use pitcairn_islands forest_and_woodland (* n/a %) );; line 89749 (wfb::land_use pitcairn_islands other (* n/a %) );; line 89751 (wfb::irrigated_land pitcairn_islands (* n/a sq_km) );; line 89755 (wfb::environment pitcairn_islands current_issues "deforestation (only a small portion of the original forest remains because of burning and clearing for settlement)" );; line 89760 (wfb::environment pitcairn_islands natural_hazards "typhoons (especially November to March)" );; line 89763 (wfb::environment pitcairn_islands international_agreements "NA" );; line 89765 (wfb::estimation-date population pitcairn_islands date_jul_1995 );; line 89771 (wfb::population pitcairn_islands 73 );; line 89771 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate pitcairn_islands date_1995 );; line 89784 (wfb::population_growth_rate pitcairn_islands (* 2.8 %) );; line 89784 (wfb::birth_rate pitcairn_islands (* n/a |births/1,000 population|) );; line 89788 (wfb::death_rate pitcairn_islands (* n/a |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 89792 (wfb::net_migration_rate pitcairn_islands (* n/a |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 89796 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate pitcairn_islands (* n/a |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 89800 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth pitcairn_islands total_population (* n/a years) );; line 89805 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth pitcairn_islands male (* n/a years) );; line 89807 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth pitcairn_islands female (* n/a years) );; line 89809 (wfb::total_fertility_rate pitcairn_islands (* n/a children_born/woman) );; line 89813 (wfb::nationality pitcairn_islands noun "Pitcairn Islander(s)" );; line 89818 (wfb::nationality pitcairn_islands adjective "Pitcairn Islander" );; line 89820 (wfb::ethnic-entity pitcairn_islands descendants_of_the_bounty_mutineers n/a );; line 89824 (wfb::religion pitcairn_islands seventh-day_adventist (* 100 %) );; line 89828 (wfb::language pitcairn_islands english n/a );; line 89832 (wfb::comment language pitcairn_islands english "official" );; line 89832 (wfb::language pitcairn_islands tahitian/english_dialect n/a );; line 89832 (wfb::total_labor_force pitcairn_islands n/a );; line 89836 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation pitcairn_islands no_business_community_in_the_usual_sense n/a );; line 89838 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation pitcairn_islands some_public_works n/a );; line 89838 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation pitcairn_islands subsistence_farming_and_fishing n/a );; line 89838 (wfb::names pitcairn_islands conventional_long_form "Pitcairn, Henderson, Ducie, and Oeno Islands" );; line 89845 (wfb::names pitcairn_islands conventional_short_form "Pitcairn Islands" );; line 89847 (wfb::digraph pitcairn_islands "PC" );; line 89851 (wfb::type pitcairn_islands "dependent territory of the UK" );; line 89855 (wfb::capital pitcairn_islands adamstown-pitcairn_islands );; line 89859 (wfb::comment independence pitcairn_islands "dependent territory of the UK" );; line 89867 (wfb::constitution pitcairn_islands "Local Government Ordinance of 1964" );; line 89876 (wfb::legal_system pitcairn_islands "local island by-laws" );; line 89880 (wfb::comment suffrage pitcairn_islands " universal with three years residency" );; line 89884 (wfb::suffrage pitcairn_islands (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 89884 (wfb::comment executive_branch pitcairn_islands chief_of_state "Commissioner (non-resident) G.D. HARRAWAY (since NA; is the liaison person between the governor and the Island Council)" );; line 89889 (wfb::legislative_structure pitcairn_islands unicameral n/a );; line 89900 (wfb::legislative_branch pitcairn_islands "Island Council" "elections take place each December; last held NA December 1994 (next to be held NA December 1995); results - percent of vote NA; seats - (11 total, 5 elected) all independents" );; line 89902 (wfb::judicial_branch pitcairn_islands "Island Court" );; line 89908 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders pitcairn_islands "none" );; line 89912 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups pitcairn_islands "NA" );; line 89916 (wfb::member_of pitcairn_islands spc );; line 89920 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us pitcairn_islands "none (dependent territory of the UK)" );; line 89924 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation pitcairn_islands "none (dependent territory of the UK)" );; line 89928 (wfb::flag pitcairn_islands "blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Pitcairn Islander coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms is yellow, green, and light blue with a shield featuring a yellow anchor" );; line 89932 (wfb::overview pitcairn_islands "The inhabitants exist on fishing and subsistence farming. The fertile soil of the valleys produces a wide variety of fruits and vegetables, including citrus, sugarcane, watermelons, bananas, yams, and beans. Bartering is an important part of the economy. The major sources of revenue are the sale of postage stamps to collectors and the sale of handicrafts to passing ships." );; line 89940 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate pitcairn_islands (* n/a %) );; line 89953 (wfb::national_product_per_capita pitcairn_islands (* n/a $) );; line 89957 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| pitcairn_islands "NA%" );; line 89961 (wfb::unemployment_rate pitcairn_islands (* n/a %) );; line 89965 (wfb::budget pitcairn_islands revenues (* 430000 $) );; line 89970 (wfb::estimation-date budget pitcairn_islands date_1987 );; line 89972 (wfb::budget pitcairn_islands expenditures (* 429000 $) );; line 89972 (wfb::budget pitcairn_islands capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 89972 (wfb::exports pitcairn_islands (* n/a $) );; line 89976 (wfb::exports pitcairn_islands commodities fruits n/a );; line 89978 (wfb::exports pitcairn_islands commodities vegetables n/a );; line 89978 (wfb::exports pitcairn_islands commodities curios n/a );; line 89978 (wfb::imports pitcairn_islands (* n/a $) );; line 89984 (wfb::imports pitcairn_islands commodities fuel_oil n/a );; line 89986 (wfb::imports pitcairn_islands commodities machinery n/a );; line 89986 (wfb::imports pitcairn_islands commodities building_materials n/a );; line 89986 (wfb::imports pitcairn_islands commodities flour n/a );; line 89986 (wfb::imports pitcairn_islands commodities sugar-commodity n/a );; line 89986 (wfb::external_debt pitcairn_islands (* n/a $) );; line 89993 (wfb::industrial_production pitcairn_islands growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 89997 (wfb::electricity pitcairn_islands capacity (* 110 kw) );; line 90002 (wfb::electricity pitcairn_islands production (* 300000 kwh) );; line 90004 (wfb::measurement-date electricity pitcairn_islands consumption_per_capita date_1990 );; line 90006 (wfb::electricity pitcairn_islands consumption_per_capita (* 5360 kwh) );; line 90006 (wfb::industry pitcairn_islands postage_stamps-industry );; line 90010 (wfb::industry pitcairn_islands handicrafts );; line 90010 (wfb::agriculture pitcairn_islands "based on subsistence fishing and farming; wide variety of fruits and vegetables; must import grain products" );; line 90014 (wfb::economic_aid pitcairn_islands recipient "ODA bilateral commitments (1992-93), $84,000" );; line 90020 (wfb::abbreviation new_zealand_dollar "NZ$" );; line 90024 (wfb::currency pitcairn_islands new_zealand_dollar 100 cents );; line 90024 (wfb::exchange_rates pitcairn_islands "New Zealand dollars (NZ$) per US$1 - 1.5601 (January 1995), 1.6844 (1994), 1.8495 (1993), 1.8584 (1992), 1.7265 (1991), 1.6750 (1990)" );; line 90028 (wfb::fiscal_year pitcairn_islands date_1_apr date_31_mar );; line 90033 (wfb::railroads pitcairn_islands "0 km" );; line 90038 (wfb::highways pitcairn_islands total (* 6.4 km) );; line 90043 (wfb::highways pitcairn_islands earth (* 6.4 km) );; line 90045 (wfb::port pitcairn_islands bounty_bay-pitcairn_islands );; line 90049 (wfb::merchant_marine pitcairn_islands "none" );; line 90053 (wfb::telephone_system pitcairn_islands "24 telephones; party line telephone service on the island" );; line 90062 (wfb::telephone_system pitcairn_islands local "NA" );; line 90064 (wfb::telephone_system pitcairn_islands intercity "NA" );; line 90066 (wfb::telephone_system pitcairn_islands international "NA" );; line 90068 (wfb::radio pitcairn_islands broadcast_stations am 1 );; line 90073 (wfb::radio pitcairn_islands broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 90073 (wfb::radio pitcairn_islands broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 90073 (wfb::radio pitcairn_islands radios n/a );; line 90075 (wfb::television pitcairn_islands broadcast_stations 0 );; line 90080 (wfb::television pitcairn_islands televisions n/a );; line 90082 (wfb::note pitcairn_islands "defense is the responsibility of the UK" );; line 90088 (wfb::markup-parameter figure poland "graphno=\"pl.tif\"" );; line 90094 (wfb::location poland "Central Europe, east of Germany" );; line 90098 (wfb::map_references poland "Ethnic Groups in Eastern Europe, Europe" );; line 90102 (wfb::area poland total_area (* 312680 sq_km) );; line 90107 (wfb::area poland land_area (* 304510 sq_km) );; line 90109 (wfb::area poland comparative_area "slightly smaller than New Mexico" );; line 90111 (wfb::borders poland total (* 3114 km) );; line 90115 (wfb::borders poland belarus (* 605 km) );; line 90115 (wfb::borders poland czech_republic (* 658 km) );; line 90115 (wfb::borders poland germany (* 456 km) );; line 90115 (wfb::borders poland lithuania (* 91 km) );; line 90115 (wfb::borders poland |Russia (Kaliningrad Oblast)| (* 432 km) );; line 90115 (wfb::borders poland slovakia (* 444 km) );; line 90115 (wfb::borders poland ukraine (* 428 km) );; line 90115 (wfb::coastline poland (* 491 km) );; line 90121 (wfb::maritime_claims poland territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 90128 (wfb::international_disputes poland "none" );; line 90132 (wfb::climate poland "temperate with cold, cloudy, moderately severe winters with frequent precipitation" );; line 90136 (wfb::climate poland "mild summers with frequent showers and thundershowers" );; line 90136 (wfb::terrain poland "mostly flat plain" );; line 90141 (wfb::terrain poland "mountains along southern border" );; line 90141 (wfb::natural-resource poland coal );; line 90145 (wfb::natural-resource poland sulfur );; line 90145 (wfb::natural-resource poland copper );; line 90145 (wfb::natural-resource poland natural_gas );; line 90145 (wfb::natural-resource poland silver );; line 90145 (wfb::natural-resource poland lead );; line 90145 (wfb::natural-resource poland salt );; line 90145 (wfb::land_use poland arable_land (* 46 %) );; line 90150 (wfb::land_use poland permanent_crops (* 1 %) );; line 90152 (wfb::land_use poland meadows_and_pastures (* 13 %) );; line 90154 (wfb::land_use poland forest_and_woodland (* 28 %) );; line 90156 (wfb::land_use poland other (* 12 %) );; line 90158 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land poland date_1989 );; line 90162 (wfb::irrigated_land poland (* 1000 sq_km) );; line 90162 (wfb::environment poland current_issues "forest damage due to air pollution and resulting acid rain" );; line 90167 (wfb::environment poland current_issues "improper means for disposal of large amounts of hazardous and industrial waste" );; line 90167 (wfb::environment poland current_issues "severe water pollution from industrial and municipal sources" );; line 90167 (wfb::environment poland current_issues "severe air pollution results from emissions of sulfur dioxide from coal-fired power plants, which also drifts into Germany and the Netherlands" );; line 90167 (wfb::environment poland natural_hazards "NA" );; line 90173 (wfb::environment poland international_agreements "party to - Air Pollution, Antarctic Treaty, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands" );; line 90175 (wfb::environment poland international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Biodiversity, Law of the Sea" );; line 90175 (wfb::note poland "historically, an area of conflict because of flat terrain and the lack of natural barriers on the North European Plain" );; line 90183 (wfb::estimation-date population poland date_jul_1995 );; line 90190 (wfb::population poland 38792442 );; line 90190 (wfb::age_structure poland 0-14_years (* 23 %) );; line 90195 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex poland 0-14_years female 4349467 );; line 90195 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex poland 0-14_years male 4559536 );; line 90195 (wfb::age_structure poland 15-64_years (* 66 %) );; line 90197 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex poland 15-64_years female 12849300 );; line 90197 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex poland 15-64_years male 12698179 );; line 90197 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure poland 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 90199 (wfb::age_structure poland 65_years_and_over (* 11 %) );; line 90199 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex poland 65_years_and_over female 2693407 );; line 90199 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex poland 65_years_and_over male 1642553 );; line 90199 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate poland date_1995 );; line 90203 (wfb::population_growth_rate poland (* 0.36 %) );; line 90203 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate poland date_1995 );; line 90207 (wfb::birth_rate poland (* 13.34 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 90207 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate poland date_1995 );; line 90211 (wfb::death_rate poland (* 9.23 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 90211 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate poland date_1995 );; line 90215 (wfb::net_migration_rate poland (* -0.52 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 90215 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate poland date_1995 );; line 90219 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate poland (* 12.4 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 90219 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth poland total_population (* 73.13 years) );; line 90224 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth poland male (* 69.15 years) );; line 90226 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth poland female date_1995 );; line 90228 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth poland female (* 77.33 years) );; line 90228 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate poland date_1995 );; line 90232 (wfb::total_fertility_rate poland (* 1.92 children_born/woman) );; line 90232 (wfb::nationality poland noun "Pole(s)" );; line 90237 (wfb::nationality poland adjective "Polish" );; line 90239 (wfb::estimation-date ethnic-entity date_1990 );; line 90243 (wfb::ethnic-entity poland polish (* 97.6 %) );; line 90243 (wfb::ethnic-entity poland german-ethnic-entity (* 1.3 %) );; line 90243 (wfb::ethnic-entity poland ukrainian (* 0.6 %) );; line 90243 (wfb::ethnic-entity poland byelorussian (* 0.5 %) );; line 90243 (wfb::comment religion "about 75% practicing" );; line 90248 (wfb::religion poland roman_catholic (* 95 %) );; line 90248 (wfb::language poland polish-language-group n/a );; line 90253 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition poland date_1978 );; line 90257 (wfb::literacy-condition poland "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 90257 (wfb::literacy poland total_population (* 99 %) );; line 90259 (wfb::literacy poland male (* 99 %) );; line 90261 (wfb::literacy poland female (* 98 %) );; line 90263 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force poland by_occupation date_1992 );; line 90269 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1992 );; line 90269 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation poland industry_and_construction (* 32.0 %) );; line 90269 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation poland agriculture (* 27.6 %) );; line 90269 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation poland trade n/a );; line 90269 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation poland transport n/a );; line 90269 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation poland communications (* 14.7 %) );; line 90269 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation poland government_and_other (* 25.7 %) );; line 90269 (wfb::names poland conventional_long_form "Republic of Poland" );; line 90276 (wfb::names poland conventional_short_form "Poland" );; line 90278 (wfb::names poland local_long_form "Rzeczpospolita Polska" );; line 90280 (wfb::names poland local_short_form "Polska" );; line 90282 (wfb::digraph poland "PL" );; line 90286 (wfb::type poland "democratic state" );; line 90290 (wfb::capital poland warsaw-poland );; line 90294 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_poland_provinces "provinces" "wojewodztwa" "wojewodztwo" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_divisions poland adm_div_poland_provinces 49 );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Biala Podlaska" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Bialystok" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Bielsko Biala" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Bydgoszcz" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Chelm" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Ciechanow" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Czestochowa" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Elblag" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Gdansk" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Gorzow" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Jelenia Gora" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Kalisz" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Katowice" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Kielce" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Konin" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Koszalin" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Krakow" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Krosno" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Legnica" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Leszno" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Lodz" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Lomza" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Lublin" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Nowy Sacz" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Olsztyn" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Opole" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Ostroleka" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Pila" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Piotrkow" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Plock" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Poznan" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Przemysl" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Radom" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Rzeszow" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Siedlce" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Sieradz" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Skierniewice" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Slupsk" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Suwalki" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Szczecin" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Tarnobrzeg" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Tarnow" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Torun" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Walbrzych" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Warszawa" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Wloclawek" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Wroclaw" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Zamosc" );; line 90298 (wfb::administrative_division_of poland adm_div_poland_provinces "Zielona Gora" );; line 90298 (wfb::comment independence poland "independent republic proclaimed" );; line 90308 (wfb::independence poland date_11_nov_1918 "n/a" );; line 90308 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1791 );; line 90312 (wfb::comment national_holiday poland "1791" );; line 90312 (wfb::national_holiday poland "Constitution Day" date_3_may );; line 90312 (wfb::constitution poland "interim \"small constitution\" came into effect in December 1992 replacing the Communist-imposed constitution of 22 July 1952; new democratic constitution being drafted" );; line 90316 (wfb::legal_system poland "mixture of Continental (Napoleonic) civil law and holdover Communist legal theory; changes being gradually introduced as part of broader democratization process; limited judicial review of legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 90322 (wfb::comment suffrage poland " universal" );; line 90329 (wfb::suffrage poland (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 90329 (wfb::comment executive_branch poland chief_of_state "election first round held 25 November 1990, second round held 9 December 1990 (next to be held NA November 1995)" );; line 90334 (wfb::comment executive_branch poland chief_of_state "results - second round Lech WALESA 74.7%, Stanislaw TYMINSKI 25.3%" );; line 90334 (wfb::executive_branch poland chief_of_state "President Lech WALESA " date_22_dec_1990 );; line 90334 (wfb::comment executive_branch poland head_of_government "Deputy Prime Ministers Roman JAGIELINSKI, Grzegorz KOLODKO, and Aleksander LUCZAK (since NA)" );; line 90339 (wfb::executive_branch poland head_of_government "Prime Minister Jozef OLEKSY " date_6_mar_1995 );; line 90339 (wfb::comment executive_branch poland cabinet "responsible to the president and the Sejm" );; line 90342 (wfb::executive_branch poland cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 90342 (wfb::legislative_structure poland bicameral "National Assembly (Zgromadzenie Narodowe)" );; line 90346 (wfb::legislative_branch poland "Senate (Senat)" "elections last held 19 September 1993 (next to be held no later than NA October 1997); seats - (100 total)" );; line 90348 (wfb::legislative_branch poland "Senate (Senat)" "Communist origin or linked (PSL 34, SLD 37), post-Solidarity parties (UW 6, NSZZ 12, BBWR 2), non-Communist, non-Solidarity (independents 7, unaffiliated 1, vacant 1)" );; line 90350 (wfb::legislative_branch poland "Diet (Sejm)" "elections last held 19 September 1993 (next to be held no later than NA October 1997); seats - (460 total)" );; line 90354 (wfb::legislative_branch poland "Diet (Sejm)" "Communist origin or linked (SLD 171, PSL 132), post-Solidarity parties (UW 74, UP 41, BBWR 16), non-Communist, non-Solidarity (KPN 22)" );; line 90356 (wfb::comment legislative_branch poland "4 seats are constitutionally assigned to ethnic German parties" );; line 90359 (wfb::judicial_branch poland "Supreme Court" );; line 90363 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders poland post-solidarity_parties "Freedom Union (UW; Democratic Union and Liberal Democratic Congress merged to form Freedom Union), Leszek BALCEROWICZ; Christian-National Union (ZCHN), Ryszard CZARNECKI; Centrum (PC), Jaroslaw KACZYNSKI; Peasant Alliance (PL), Gabriel JANOWSKI; Solidarity Trade Union (NSZZ), Marian KRZAKLEWSKI; Union of Labor (UP), Ryszard BUGAJ; Christian-Democratic Party (PCHD), Pawel LACZKOWSKI; Conservative Party, Alexander HALL; Nonparty Bloc for the Support of the Reforms (BBWR)" );; line 90368 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders poland |non-Communist, non-Solidarity| "Confederation for an Independent Poland (KPN), Leszek MOCZULSKI; Polish Economic Program (PPG), Janusz REWINSKI; Christian Democrats (CHD), Andrzej OWSINSKI; German Minority (MN), Henryk KROL; Union of Real Politics (UPR), Janusz KORWIN-MIKKE; Democratic Party (SD), Antoni MACKIEWICZ" );; line 90376 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders poland communist_origin "Polish Peasant Party (PSL), Waldemar PAWLAK; Democratic Left Alliance (SLD), Aleksander KWASNIEWSKI" );; line 90381 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups poland "powerful Roman Catholic Church; Solidarity (trade union); All Poland Trade Union Alliance (OPZZ), populist program" );; line 90386 (wfb::member_of poland australia_group );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland bis );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland bsec );; line 90391 (wfb::comment member_of poland bsec "observer" );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland cbss );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland ccc );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland ce );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland cei );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland cern );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland ebrd );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland ece );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland fao );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland gatt );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland iaea );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland ibrd );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland icao );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland icftu );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland icrm );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland ida );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland ifc );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland ifrcs );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland ilo );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland imf );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland imo );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland inmarsat );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland intelsat );; line 90391 (wfb::comment member_of poland intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland interpol );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland ioc );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland iom );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland iso );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland itu );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland minurso );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland nacc );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland nam );; line 90391 (wfb::comment member_of poland nam "guest" );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland nsg );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland oas );; line 90391 (wfb::comment member_of poland oas "observer" );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland osce );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland pca );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland pfp );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland un );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland unamir );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland unctad );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland undof );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland unesco );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland unido );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland unifil );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland unikom );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland unomig );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland unprofor );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland upu );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland wcl );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland weu );; line 90391 (wfb::comment member_of poland weu "associate partner" );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland wftu );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland who );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland wipo );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland wmo );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland wto );; line 90391 (wfb::member_of poland zc );; line 90391 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us poland chief_of_mission "Ambassador Jerzy KOZMINSKI" );; line 90401 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us poland chancery "2640 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009" );; line 90403 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us poland telephone "[1] (202) 234-3800 through 3802" );; line 90405 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us poland fax "[1] (202) 328-6271" );; line 90407 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us poland |consulate(s) general| "Chicago, Los Angeles, and New York" );; line 90409 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation poland chief_of_mission "Ambassador Nicholas Andrew REY" );; line 90414 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation poland embassy "Aleje Ujazdowskie 29/31, Warsaw" );; line 90416 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation poland mailing_address "American Embassy Warsaw, Box 5010, Unit 1340, APO AE 09213-1340" );; line 90418 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation poland telephone "[48] (2) 628-30-41" );; line 90420 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation poland fax "[48] (2) 628-82-98" );; line 90422 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation poland |consulate(s) general| "Krakow, Poznan" );; line 90424 (wfb::flag poland "two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and red; similar to the flags of Indonesia and Monaco which are red (top) and white" );; line 90428 (wfb::overview poland "Poland continues to make good progress in the difficult transition to a market economy that began on 1 January 1990, when the new democratic government instituted \"shock therapy\" by decontrolling prices, slashing subsidies, and drastically reducing import barriers. Real GDP fell sharply in 1990 and 1991, but in 1992 Poland became the first country in the region to resume economic growth with a 2.6% increase. Growth increased to 3.8% in 1993 and 5.5% in 1994 - the highest rate in Europe except for Albania. All of the growth since 1991 has come from the booming private sector, which now accounts for at least 55% of GDP, even though privatization of the state-owned enterprises is proceeding slowly and most industry remains in state hands. Industrial production increased 12% in 1994 - led by 50% jumps in the output of motor vehicles, radios and televisions, and pulp and paper - and is now well above the 1990 level. Inflation, which had approached 1,200% annually in early 1990, was down to about 30% in 1994, as the government held the budget deficit to 1.5% of GDP. After five years of steady increases, unemployment has leveled off at about 16% nationwide, although it approaches 30% in some regions. The trade deficit was sharply reduced in 1994, due mainly to increased exports to Western Europe, Poland's main customer. The leftist government elected in September 1993 gets generally good marks from foreign observers for its management of the budget but is often criticized for not moving faster on privatization." );; line 90434 (wfb::estimation-date national_product poland date_1994 );; line 90458 (wfb::national_product poland (* 191.1e9 $) );; line 90458 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate poland date_1994 );; line 90462 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate poland (* 5.5 %) );; line 90462 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita poland date_1994 );; line 90466 (wfb::national_product_per_capita poland (* 4920 $) );; line 90466 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| poland "30% (1994)" );; line 90470 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate poland date_nov_1994 );; line 90474 (wfb::unemployment_rate poland (* 16.1 %) );; line 90474 (wfb::budget poland revenues (* 27.1e9 $) );; line 90479 (wfb::estimation-date budget poland date_1994 );; line 90481 (wfb::budget poland expenditures (* 30e9 $) );; line 90481 (wfb::budget poland capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 90481 (wfb::exports poland (* 16.3e9 $) );; line 90485 (wfb::measurement-date exports poland date_1993 );; line 90487 (wfb::exports poland commodities intermediate_goods (* 26.5 %) );; line 90487 (wfb::exports poland commodities machinery_and_transport_equipment (* 18.1 %) );; line 90487 (wfb::exports poland commodities miscellaneous_manufactures (* 16.7 %) );; line 90487 (wfb::exports poland commodities foodstuffs (* 9.4 %) );; line 90487 (wfb::exports poland commodities fuels (* 8.4 %) );; line 90487 (wfb::measurement-date exports poland date_1993 );; line 90490 (wfb::exports poland partners germany (* 33.4 %) );; line 90490 (wfb::exports poland partners russia (* 10.2 %) );; line 90490 (wfb::exports poland partners italy (* 5.3 %) );; line 90490 (wfb::exports poland partners uk (* 4.3 %) );; line 90490 (wfb::imports poland (* 18.1e9 $) );; line 90494 (wfb::imports poland commodities machinery_and_transport_equipment (* 29.6 %) );; line 90496 (wfb::imports poland commodities intermediate_goods (* 18.5 %) );; line 90496 (wfb::imports poland commodities chemicals-commodity (* 13.3 %) );; line 90496 (wfb::imports poland commodities fuels (* 12.5 %) );; line 90496 (wfb::imports poland commodities miscellaneous_manufactures (* 10.1 %) );; line 90496 (wfb::measurement-date imports poland date_1993 );; line 90499 (wfb::imports poland partners germany (* 35.8 %) );; line 90499 (wfb::imports poland partners italy (* 9.2 %) );; line 90499 (wfb::imports poland partners russia (* 8.5 %) );; line 90499 (wfb::imports poland partners uk (* 6.6 %) );; line 90499 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 90510 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production poland date_1994 );; line 90510 (wfb::industrial_production poland growth_rate (* 12 %) );; line 90510 (wfb::electricity poland capacity (* 31120000 kw) );; line 90515 (wfb::electricity poland production (* 124e9 kwh) );; line 90517 (wfb::measurement-date electricity poland consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 90519 (wfb::electricity poland consumption_per_capita (* 2908 kwh) );; line 90519 (wfb::industry poland machine_building );; line 90523 (wfb::industry poland iron );; line 90523 (wfb::industry poland steel );; line 90523 (wfb::industry poland extractive_industries );; line 90523 (wfb::industry poland chemicals );; line 90523 (wfb::industry poland shipbuilding );; line 90523 (wfb::industry poland food_processing );; line 90523 (wfb::industry poland glass );; line 90523 (wfb::industry poland beverages-industry );; line 90523 (wfb::industry poland textiles );; line 90523 (wfb::agriculture poland "accounts for 7% of GDP; 75% of output from private farms, 25% from state farms; productivity remains low by European standards; leading European producer of rye, rapeseed, and potatoes; wide variety of other crops and livestock; major exporter of pork products; normally self-sufficient in food" );; line 90528 (wfb::illicit_drugs poland "illicit producer of opium for domestic consumption and amphetamines for the international market; transshipment point for Asian and Latin American illicit drugs to Western Europe; producer of precursor chemicals" );; line 90536 (wfb::economic_aid poland donor "bilateral aid to non-Communist less developed countries (1954-89), $2.2 billion" );; line 90543 (wfb::economic_aid poland recipient "Western governments and institutions have pledged $8 billion in grants and loans since 1989, but most of the money has not been disbursed" );; line 90546 (wfb::abbreviation zloty "Zl" );; line 90551 (wfb::currency poland zloty 100 groszy );; line 90551 (wfb::exchange_rates poland "zlotych (Zl) per US$1 - 2.45 (January 1995; a currency reform on 1 January 1995 replaced 10,000 old zlotys with 1 new zloty), 22,723 (1994), 18,115 (1993), 13,626 (1992), 10,576 (1991), 9,500 (1990)" );; line 90555 (wfb::fiscal_year poland date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 90561 (wfb::railroads poland total "25,528 km" );; line 90567 (wfb::railroads poland broad_gauge "659 km 1.520-m gauge" );; line 90569 (wfb::railroads poland standard_gauge "23,014 km 1.435-m gauge (11,496 km electrified; 8,978 km double track)" );; line 90571 (wfb::railroads poland narrow_gauge "1,855 km various gauges including 1.000-m, 0.785-m, 0.750-m, and 0.600-m (1994)" );; line 90574 (wfb::comment highways poland total "excluding farm, factory and forest roads" );; line 90580 (wfb::comment highways poland paved "257 km of which are limited access expressways" );; line 90582 (wfb::measurement-date highways poland date_1992 );; line 90584 (wfb::inland_waterways poland "3,997 km navigable rivers and canals (1991)" );; line 90588 (wfb::measurement-date pipelines date_1992 );; line 90592 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 1986 km) );; line 90592 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 360 km) );; line 90592 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 4600 km) );; line 90592 (wfb::port poland gdansk-poland );; line 90597 (wfb::port poland gdynia-poland );; line 90597 (wfb::port poland gliwice-poland );; line 90597 (wfb::port poland kolobrzeg-poland );; line 90597 (wfb::port poland szczecin-poland );; line 90597 (wfb::port poland swinoujscie-poland );; line 90597 (wfb::port poland ustka-poland );; line 90597 (wfb::port poland warsaw-poland );; line 90597 (wfb::port poland wrocaw-poland );; line 90597 (wfb::merchant_marine poland total "152 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 2,186,405 GRT/3,270,914 DWT" );; line 90603 (wfb::merchant_marine poland ships_by_type "bulk 89, cargo 38, chemical tanker 4, container 7, oil tanker 1, passenger 1, roll-on/roll-off cargo 8, short-sea passenger 4" );; line 90606 (wfb::comment merchant_marine poland "in addition, Poland owns 9 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 76,501 DWT that operate under Bahamian, Liberian, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Vanuatu, Panamanian, and Cypriot registry" );; line 90609 (wfb::airports poland total 134 );; line 90616 (wfb::airports poland |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 2 );; line 90618 (wfb::airports poland |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 30 );; line 90620 (wfb::airports poland |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 27 );; line 90622 (wfb::airports poland |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 3 );; line 90624 (wfb::airports poland with_paved_runways_under_914_m 7 );; line 90626 (wfb::airports poland |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 5 );; line 90628 (wfb::airports poland |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 10 );; line 90630 (wfb::airports poland |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 32 );; line 90632 (wfb::airports poland with_unpaved_runways_under_914_m 18 );; line 90634 (wfb::telephone_system poland "4.9 million telephones; 12.7 phones/100 residents (1994); severely underdeveloped and outmoded system; exchanges are 86% automatic (1991)" );; line 90639 (wfb::telephone_system poland local "NA" );; line 90642 (wfb::telephone_system poland intercity "cable, open wire, and microwave" );; line 90644 (wfb::telephone_system poland international "INTELSAT, EUTELSAT, INMARSAT, and Intersputnik earth stations" );; line 90646 (wfb::radio poland broadcast_stations am 27 );; line 90651 (wfb::radio poland broadcast_stations fm 27 );; line 90651 (wfb::radio poland broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 90651 (wfb::radio poland radios n/a );; line 90653 (wfb::comment television poland broadcast_stations "Russian repeaters 5" );; line 90658 (wfb::television poland broadcast_stations 40 );; line 90658 (wfb::television poland televisions 9.6e6 );; line 90660 (wfb::defense_branch poland army_poland );; line 90666 (wfb::defense_branch poland navy_poland );; line 90666 (wfb::defense_branch poland air_and_air_defense_force_poland );; line 90666 (wfb::manpower_availability poland "males age 15-49 10,181,069; males fit for military service 7,940,634; males reach military age (19) annually 323,133 (1995 est.)" );; line 90670 (wfb::markup-parameter figure portugal "graphno=\"po.tif\"" );; line 90683 (wfb::location portugal "Southwestern Europe, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, west of Spain" );; line 90687 (wfb::map_references portugal "Europe" );; line 90692 (wfb::area portugal total_area (* 92080 sq_km) );; line 90697 (wfb::area portugal land_area (* 91640 sq_km) );; line 90699 (wfb::area portugal comparative_area "slightly smaller than Indiana" );; line 90701 (wfb::comment area portugal "includes Azores and Madeira Islands" );; line 90703 (wfb::borders portugal total (* 1214 km) );; line 90707 (wfb::borders portugal spain (* 1214 km) );; line 90707 (wfb::coastline portugal (* 1793 km) );; line 90711 (wfb::maritime_claims portugal exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 90718 (wfb::maritime_claims portugal territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 90720 (wfb::international_disputes portugal "sovereignty over Timor Timur (East Timor Province) disputed with Indonesia" );; line 90724 (wfb::climate portugal "maritime temperate" );; line 90729 (wfb::climate portugal "cool and rainy in north, warmer and drier in south" );; line 90729 (wfb::terrain portugal "mountainous north of the Tagus, rolling plains in south" );; line 90734 (wfb::natural-resource portugal fish );; line 90738 (wfb::natural-resource portugal |forests (cork)| );; line 90738 (wfb::natural-resource portugal tungsten );; line 90738 (wfb::natural-resource portugal iron_ore );; line 90738 (wfb::natural-resource portugal uranium_ore-natural-resource );; line 90738 (wfb::natural-resource portugal marble );; line 90738 (wfb::land_use portugal arable_land (* 32 %) );; line 90743 (wfb::land_use portugal permanent_crops (* 6 %) );; line 90745 (wfb::land_use portugal meadows_and_pastures (* 6 %) );; line 90747 (wfb::land_use portugal forest_and_woodland (* 40 %) );; line 90749 (wfb::land_use portugal other (* 16 %) );; line 90751 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land portugal date_1989 );; line 90755 (wfb::irrigated_land portugal (* 6340 sq_km) );; line 90755 (wfb::environment portugal current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 90760 (wfb::environment portugal current_issues "air pollution caused by industrial and vehicle emissions" );; line 90760 (wfb::environment portugal current_issues "water pollution, especially in coastal areas" );; line 90760 (wfb::environment portugal natural_hazards "Azores subject to severe earthquakes" );; line 90763 (wfb::environment portugal international_agreements "party to - Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands" );; line 90765 (wfb::environment portugal international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Desertification, Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban" );; line 90765 (wfb::note portugal "Azores and Madeira Islands occupy strategic locations along western sea approaches to Strait of Gibraltar" );; line 90773 (wfb::estimation-date population portugal date_jul_1995 );; line 90780 (wfb::population portugal 10562388 );; line 90780 (wfb::age_structure portugal 0-14_years (* 18 %) );; line 90785 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex portugal 0-14_years female 943412 );; line 90785 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex portugal 0-14_years male 1000971 );; line 90785 (wfb::age_structure portugal 15-64_years (* 68 %) );; line 90787 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex portugal 15-64_years female 3625086 );; line 90787 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex portugal 15-64_years male 3499176 );; line 90787 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure portugal 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 90789 (wfb::age_structure portugal 65_years_and_over (* 14 %) );; line 90789 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex portugal 65_years_and_over female 889142 );; line 90789 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex portugal 65_years_and_over male 604601 );; line 90789 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate portugal date_1995 );; line 90793 (wfb::population_growth_rate portugal (* 0.36 %) );; line 90793 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate portugal date_1995 );; line 90797 (wfb::birth_rate portugal (* 11.72 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 90797 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate portugal date_1995 );; line 90801 (wfb::death_rate portugal (* 9.65 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 90801 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate portugal date_1995 );; line 90805 (wfb::net_migration_rate portugal (* 1.55 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 90805 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate portugal date_1995 );; line 90809 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate portugal (* 9.1 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 90809 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth portugal total_population (* 75.53 years) );; line 90814 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth portugal male (* 72.11 years) );; line 90816 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth portugal female date_1995 );; line 90818 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth portugal female (* 79.16 years) );; line 90818 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate portugal date_1995 );; line 90822 (wfb::total_fertility_rate portugal (* 1.47 children_born/woman) );; line 90822 (wfb::nationality portugal noun "Portuguese (singular and plural)" );; line 90827 (wfb::nationality portugal adjective "Portuguese" );; line 90829 (wfb::religion portugal roman_catholic (* 97 %) );; line 90839 (wfb::religion portugal protestant_denominations (* 1 %) );; line 90839 (wfb::language portugal portuguese n/a );; line 90843 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition portugal date_1990 );; line 90847 (wfb::literacy-condition portugal "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 90847 (wfb::literacy portugal total_population (* 85 %) );; line 90849 (wfb::literacy portugal male (* 89 %) );; line 90851 (wfb::literacy portugal female (* 82 %) );; line 90853 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force portugal date_1994 );; line 90857 (wfb::total_labor_force portugal 4.24e6 );; line 90857 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force portugal by_occupation date_1992 );; line 90859 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1992 );; line 90859 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation portugal services (* 54.5 %) );; line 90859 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation portugal manufacturing (* 24.4 %) );; line 90859 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation portugal agriculture n/a );; line 90859 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation portugal forestry n/a );; line 90859 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation portugal fisheries (* 11.2 %) );; line 90859 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation portugal construction (* 8.3 %) );; line 90859 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation portugal utilites (* 1.0 %) );; line 90859 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation portugal mining-occupation-type (* 0.5 %) );; line 90859 (wfb::names portugal conventional_long_form "Portuguese Republic" );; line 90866 (wfb::names portugal conventional_short_form "Portugal" );; line 90868 (wfb::names portugal local_long_form "Republica Portuguesa" );; line 90870 (wfb::names portugal local_short_form "Portugal" );; line 90872 (wfb::digraph portugal "PO" );; line 90876 (wfb::type portugal "republic" );; line 90880 (wfb::capital portugal lisbon-portugal );; line 90884 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_portugal_districts "districts" "distritos" "distrito" );; line 90888 (wfb::administrative_divisions portugal adm_div_portugal_districts 18 );; line 90888 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_portugal_autonomous_regions "autonomous regions" "regioes autonomas" "regiao autonoma" );; line 90888 (wfb::administrative_divisions portugal adm_div_portugal_autonomous_regions 2 );; line 90888 (wfb::administrative_division_of portugal adm_div_portugal_districts "Aveiro" );; line 90888 (wfb::administrative_division_of portugal adm_div_portugal_autonomous_regions "Acores (Azores)" );; line 90888 (wfb::administrative_division_of portugal adm_div_portugal_districts "Beja" );; line 90888 (wfb::administrative_division_of portugal adm_div_portugal_districts "Braga" );; line 90888 (wfb::administrative_division_of portugal adm_div_portugal_districts "Braganca" );; line 90888 (wfb::administrative_division_of portugal adm_div_portugal_districts "Castelo Branco" );; line 90888 (wfb::administrative_division_of portugal adm_div_portugal_districts "Coimbra" );; line 90888 (wfb::administrative_division_of portugal adm_div_portugal_districts "Evora" );; line 90888 (wfb::administrative_division_of portugal adm_div_portugal_districts "Faro" );; line 90888 (wfb::administrative_division_of portugal adm_div_portugal_districts "Guarda" );; line 90888 (wfb::administrative_division_of portugal adm_div_portugal_districts "Leiria" );; line 90888 (wfb::administrative_division_of portugal adm_div_portugal_districts "Lisboa" );; line 90888 (wfb::administrative_division_of portugal adm_div_portugal_autonomous_regions "Madeira" );; line 90888 (wfb::administrative_division_of portugal adm_div_portugal_districts "Portalegre" );; line 90888 (wfb::administrative_division_of portugal adm_div_portugal_districts "Porto" );; line 90888 (wfb::administrative_division_of portugal adm_div_portugal_districts "Santarem" );; line 90888 (wfb::administrative_division_of portugal adm_div_portugal_districts "Setubal" );; line 90888 (wfb::administrative_division_of portugal adm_div_portugal_districts "Viana do Castelo" );; line 90888 (wfb::administrative_division_of portugal adm_div_portugal_districts "Vila Real" );; line 90888 (wfb::administrative_division_of portugal adm_div_portugal_districts "Viseu" );; line 90888 (wfb::dependent_areas portugal "Macau (scheduled to become a Special Administrative Region of China on 20 December 1999)" );; line 90896 (wfb::comment independence portugal "independent republic proclaimed 5 October 1910" );; line 90901 (wfb::independence portugal date_1140 "n/a" );; line 90901 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1580 );; line 90905 (wfb::comment national_holiday portugal "1580" );; line 90905 (wfb::national_holiday portugal "Day of Portugal" date_10_jun );; line 90905 (wfb::constitution portugal "25 April 1976, revised 30 October 1982 and 1 June 1989" );; line 90909 (wfb::legal_system portugal "civil law system; the Constitutional Tribunal reviews the constitutionality of legislation; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations" );; line 90913 (wfb::comment suffrage portugal " universal" );; line 90918 (wfb::suffrage portugal (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 90918 (wfb::comment executive_branch portugal chief_of_state "election last held 13 February 1991 (next to be held NA February 1996)" );; line 90923 (wfb::comment executive_branch portugal chief_of_state "results - Dr. Mario Lopes SOARES 70%, Basilio HORTA 14%, Carlos CARVALHAS 13%, Carlos MARQUES 3%" );; line 90923 (wfb::comment executive_branch portugal chief_of_state "note - SOARES is finishing his second term and by law cannot run for a third consecutive term" );; line 90923 (wfb::executive_branch portugal chief_of_state "President Dr. Mario Alberto Nobre Lopes SOARES " date_9_mar_1986 );; line 90923 (wfb::comment executive_branch portugal head_of_government "note - will be replaced in the October 1995 elections" );; line 90929 (wfb::executive_branch portugal head_of_government "Prime Minister Anibal CAVACO SILVA " date_6_nov_1985 );; line 90929 (wfb::executive_branch portugal council_of_state "acts as a consultative body to the president" );; line 90932 (wfb::comment executive_branch portugal cabinet "appointed by the president on recommendation of the prime minister" );; line 90934 (wfb::executive_branch portugal cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 90934 (wfb::legislative_structure portugal unicameral n/a );; line 90939 (wfb::legislative_branch portugal "Assembly of the Republic (Assembleia da Republica)" "elections last held 6 October 1991 (next to be held NA October 1995); results - PSD 50.4%, PS 29.3%, CDU 8.8%, CDS 4.4%, PSN 1.7%, PRD 0.6%, other 4.8%; seats - (230 total) PSD 136, PS 71, CDU 17, CDS 5, PSN 1" );; line 90941 (wfb::judicial_branch portugal "Supreme Tribunal of Justice (Supremo Tribunal de Justica)" );; line 90947 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders portugal "Social Democratic Party (PSD), Fernando NOGUEIRA; Portuguese Socialist Party (PS), Antonio GUTERRES; Party of Democratic Renewal (PRD), Pedro CANAVARRO; Portuguese Communist Party (PCP), Carlos CARVALHAS; Social Democratic Center (CDS), Manuel MONTEIRO; National Solidarity Party (PSN), Manuel SERGIO; Center Democratic Party (CDS); United Democratic Coalition (CDU; Communists)" );; line 90951 (wfb::member_of portugal afdb );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal australia_group );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal bis );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal ccc );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal ce );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal cern );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal ebrd );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal ec-international-organization );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal ece );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal eclac );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal eib );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal fao );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal gatt );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal iadb );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal iaea );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal ibrd );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal icao );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal icc );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal icftu );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal icrm );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal ida );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal iea );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal ifad );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal ifc );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal ifrcs );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal ilo );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal imf );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal imo );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal inmarsat );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal intelsat );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal interpol );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal ioc );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal iom );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal iso );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal itu );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal laia );; line 90959 (wfb::comment member_of portugal laia "observer" );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal mtcr );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal nacc );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal nam );; line 90959 (wfb::comment member_of portugal nam "guest" );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal nato );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal nea );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal nsg );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal oas );; line 90959 (wfb::comment member_of portugal oas "observer" );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal oecd );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal osce );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal pca );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal un );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal unctad );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal unesco );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal unido );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal unomoz );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal unprofor );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal upu );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal wcl );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal weu );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal wftu );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal who );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal wipo );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal wmo );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal wto );; line 90959 (wfb::member_of portugal zc );; line 90959 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us portugal chief_of_mission "Ambassador Francisco Jose Laco Treichler KNOPFLI" );; line 90969 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us portugal chancery "2125 Kalorama Road NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 90971 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us portugal telephone "[1] (202) 328-8610" );; line 90973 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us portugal fax "[1] (202) 462-3726" );; line 90975 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us portugal |consulate(s) general| "Boston, New York, Newark (New Jersey), and San Francisco" );; line 90977 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us portugal |consulate(s)| "Los Angeles, New Bedford (Massachusetts), Providence (Rhode Island), and Washington, DC" );; line 90979 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation portugal chief_of_mission "Ambassador Elizabeth Frawley BAGLEY" );; line 90985 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation portugal embassy "Avenida das Forcas Armadas, 1600 Lisbon" );; line 90987 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation portugal mailing_address "PSC 83, Lisbon; APO AE 09726" );; line 90989 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation portugal telephone "[351] (1) 7266600, 7266659, 7268670, 7268880" );; line 90991 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation portugal fax "[351] (1) 7269109" );; line 90993 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation portugal |consulate(s)| "Ponta Delgada (Azores)" );; line 90995 (wfb::flag portugal "two vertical bands of green (hoist side, two-fifths) and red (three-fifths) with the Portuguese coat of arms centered on the dividing line" );; line 90999 (wfb::overview portugal "Portugal's economy contracted 0.4% in 1993 but registered a 1.4% growth in 1994, with 3% growth expected in 1995 and 1996. This comeback rests on high levels of public investment, continuing strong export growth, and a gradual recovery in consumer spending. The government's long-run economic goal is the modernization of Portuguese markets, industry, infrastructure, and work force in order to catch up with productivity and income levels of the more advanced EU countries. Per capita income now equals only 55% of the EU average. Economic policy in 1994 focused on reducing inflationary pressures by lowering the fiscal deficit, maintaining a stable escudo, moderating wage increases, and encouraging increased competition. The government's medium-term objective is to be in the first tier of the EU countries eligible to join the economic and monetary union (EMU) as early as 1997. To this end, the 1995 budget posits a cut in total deficit to 5.8% of GDP." );; line 91005 (wfb::estimation-date national_product portugal date_1994 );; line 91021 (wfb::national_product portugal (* 107.3e9 $) );; line 91021 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate portugal date_1994 );; line 91025 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate portugal (* 1.4 %) );; line 91025 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita portugal date_1994 );; line 91029 (wfb::national_product_per_capita portugal (* 10190 $) );; line 91029 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| portugal "6.1% (May 1994)" );; line 91033 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate portugal date_may_1994 );; line 91037 (wfb::unemployment_rate portugal (* 6.7 %) );; line 91037 (wfb::budget portugal revenues (* 31e9 $) );; line 91042 (wfb::measurement-date budget portugal date_1994 );; line 91044 (wfb::budget portugal expenditures (* 41e9 $) );; line 91044 (wfb::budget portugal capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 91044 (wfb::exports portugal (* 15.4e9 $) );; line 91048 (wfb::exports portugal commodities clothing_and_footwear n/a );; line 91050 (wfb::exports portugal commodities machinery n/a );; line 91050 (wfb::exports portugal commodities cork_and_paper_products n/a );; line 91050 (wfb::exports portugal commodities hides_and_skins n/a );; line 91050 (wfb::measurement-date exports portugal date_1994 );; line 91053 (wfb::exports portugal partners eu (* 75.5 %) );; line 91053 (wfb::exports portugal partners us (* 4.3 %) );; line 91053 (wfb::imports portugal (* 24.3e9 $) );; line 91057 (wfb::imports portugal commodities machinery_and_transport_equipment n/a );; line 91059 (wfb::imports portugal commodities agricultural_products n/a );; line 91059 (wfb::imports portugal commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 91059 (wfb::imports portugal commodities petroleum-commodity n/a );; line 91059 (wfb::imports portugal commodities textiles-commodity n/a );; line 91059 (wfb::imports portugal partners ec (* 72 %) );; line 91062 (wfb::imports portugal partners less_developed_countries (* 12.9 %) );; line 91062 (wfb::imports portugal partners us (* 3.4 %) );; line 91062 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt portugal date_1993 );; line 91067 (wfb::external_debt portugal (* 20e9 $) );; line 91067 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 91071 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production portugal date_1994 );; line 91071 (wfb::industrial_production portugal growth_rate (* 1.5 %) );; line 91071 (wfb::industrial_production portugal accounts_for (* 30.6 %_of_gdp) );; line 91071 (wfb::electricity portugal capacity (* 8220000 kw) );; line 91076 (wfb::electricity portugal production (* 29.5e9 kwh) );; line 91078 (wfb::measurement-date electricity portugal consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 91080 (wfb::electricity portugal consumption_per_capita (* 2642 kwh) );; line 91080 (wfb::industry portugal textiles );; line 91084 (wfb::industry portugal footwear-industry );; line 91084 (wfb::industry portugal wood_pulp-industry );; line 91084 (wfb::industry portugal paper );; line 91084 (wfb::industry portugal cork );; line 91084 (wfb::industry portugal metalworking );; line 91084 (wfb::industry portugal oil_refining );; line 91084 (wfb::industry portugal chemicals );; line 91084 (wfb::industry portugal fish_canning );; line 91084 (wfb::industry portugal wine-industry );; line 91084 (wfb::industry portugal tourism );; line 91084 (wfb::agriculture portugal "accounts for 5% of GDP; small, inefficient farms; imports more than half of food needs; major crops - grain, potatoes, olives, grapes; livestock sector - sheep, cattle, goats, poultry, meat, dairy products" );; line 91089 (wfb::illicit_drugs portugal "increasingly important gateway country for Latin American cocaine entering the European market; transshipment point for hashish from North Africa to Europe" );; line 91095 (wfb::economic_aid portugal recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $1.8 billion; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $1.2 billion" );; line 91102 (wfb::abbreviation portuguese_escudo "Esc" );; line 91107 (wfb::currency portugal portuguese_escudo 100 centavos );; line 91107 (wfb::exchange_rates portugal "Portuguese escudos (Esc) per US$1 - 158.02 (January 1995), 165.99 (1994), 160.80 (1993), 135.00 (1992), 144.48 (1991), 142.55 (1990)" );; line 91111 (wfb::fiscal_year portugal date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 91116 (wfb::railroads portugal total "3,068 km" );; line 91122 (wfb::railroads portugal broad_gauge "2,761 km 1.668-m gauge (439 km electrified; 426 km double track)" );; line 91124 (wfb::railroads portugal narrow_gauge "307 km 1.000-m gauge" );; line 91126 (wfb::highways portugal total (* 70176 km) );; line 91131 (wfb::comment highways portugal paved_and_graveled "519 km of expressways" );; line 91133 (wfb::highways portugal earth (* 9825 km) );; line 91135 (wfb::inland_waterways portugal "820 km navigable; relatively unimportant to national economy, used by shallow-draft craft limited to 300 metric-ton cargo capacity" );; line 91139 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 22 km) );; line 91144 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 58 km) );; line 91144 (wfb::port portugal aveiro-portugal );; line 91148 (wfb::port portugal funchal-portugal );; line 91148 (wfb::comment port portugal funchal-portugal "Madeira Islands" );; line 91148 (wfb::port portugal horta-portugal );; line 91148 (wfb::comment port portugal horta-portugal "Azores" );; line 91148 (wfb::port portugal leixoes-portugal );; line 91148 (wfb::port portugal lisbon-portugal );; line 91148 (wfb::port portugal porto-portugal );; line 91148 (wfb::port portugal ponta_delgada-portugal );; line 91148 (wfb::comment port portugal ponta_delgada-portugal "Azores" );; line 91148 (wfb::port portugal praia_da_vitoria-portugal );; line 91148 (wfb::comment port portugal praia_da_vitoria-portugal "Azores" );; line 91148 (wfb::port portugal setubal-portugal );; line 91148 (wfb::port portugal viana_do_castelo-portugal );; line 91148 (wfb::merchant_marine portugal total "65 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 852,785 GRT/1,545,804 DWT" );; line 91155 (wfb::merchant_marine portugal ships_by_type "bulk 5, cargo 28, chemical tanker 5, container 4, liquefied gas tanker 2, oil tanker 17, refrigerated cargo 2, roll-on/roll-off cargo 1, short-sea passenger 1" );; line 91157 (wfb::comment merchant_marine portugal "Portugal has created a captive register on Madeira for Portuguese-owned ships; ships on the Madeira Register (MAR) will have taxation and crewing benefits of a flag of convenience; in addition, Portugal owns 25 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 155,776 DWT that operate under Panamanian and Maltese registry" );; line 91161 (wfb::airports portugal total 65 );; line 91170 (wfb::airports portugal |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 5 );; line 91172 (wfb::airports portugal |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 8 );; line 91174 (wfb::airports portugal |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 3 );; line 91176 (wfb::airports portugal |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 18 );; line 91178 (wfb::airports portugal with_paved_runways_under_914_m 29 );; line 91180 (wfb::airports portugal |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 2 );; line 91182 (wfb::telephone_system portugal "2,690,000 telephones" );; line 91187 (wfb::telephone_system portugal local "NA" );; line 91189 (wfb::telephone_system portugal intercity "generally adequate integrated network of coaxial cables, open wire and microwave radio relay, domestic satellite earth stations" );; line 91191 (wfb::telephone_system portugal international "6 submarine cables; 3 INTELSAT (2 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean), EUTELSAT earth stations; tropospheric link to Azores" );; line 91194 (wfb::radio portugal broadcast_stations am 57 );; line 91200 (wfb::comment radio portugal broadcast_stations fm "repeaters 22" );; line 91200 (wfb::radio portugal broadcast_stations fm 66 );; line 91200 (wfb::radio portugal broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 91200 (wfb::radio portugal radios n/a );; line 91202 (wfb::comment television portugal broadcast_stations "repeaters 23" );; line 91207 (wfb::television portugal broadcast_stations 66 );; line 91207 (wfb::television portugal televisions n/a );; line 91209 (wfb::defense_branch portugal army_portugal );; line 91215 (wfb::comment defense_branch portugal navy_portugal "includes Marines" );; line 91215 (wfb::defense_branch portugal navy_portugal );; line 91215 (wfb::defense_branch portugal air_force_portugal );; line 91215 (wfb::defense_branch portugal national_republican_guard_portugal );; line 91215 (wfb::defense_branch portugal fiscal_guard_portugal );; line 91215 (wfb::defense_branch portugal public_security_police_portugal );; line 91215 (wfb::manpower_availability portugal "males age 15-49 2,747,357; males fit for military service 2,223,299; males reach military age (20) annually 90,402 (1995 est.)" );; line 91220 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures portugal date_1994 );; line 91225 (wfb::defense_expenditures portugal (* 2.4e9 $) );; line 91225 (wfb::defense_expenditures portugal (* 2.9 %_of_gdp) );; line 91225 (wfb::markup-parameter figure puerto_rico "graphno=\"rq.tif\"" );; line 91231 (wfb::header puerto_rico "(commonwealth associated with the US)" );; line 91231 (wfb::location puerto_rico "Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, east of the Dominican Republic" );; line 91236 (wfb::map_references puerto_rico "Central America and the Caribbean" );; line 91241 (wfb::area puerto_rico total_area (* 9104 sq_km) );; line 91246 (wfb::area puerto_rico land_area (* 8959 sq_km) );; line 91248 (wfb::area puerto_rico comparative_area "slightly less than three times the size of Rhode Island" );; line 91250 (wfb::coastline puerto_rico (* 501 km) );; line 91258 (wfb::maritime_claims puerto_rico exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 91263 (wfb::maritime_claims puerto_rico territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 91265 (wfb::international_disputes puerto_rico "none" );; line 91269 (wfb::climate puerto_rico "tropical marine, mild, little seasonal temperature variation" );; line 91273 (wfb::terrain puerto_rico "mostly mountains with coastal plain belt in north" );; line 91277 (wfb::terrain puerto_rico "mountains precipitous to sea on west coast" );; line 91277 (wfb::terrain puerto_rico "sandy beaches along most coastal areas" );; line 91277 (wfb::natural-resource puerto_rico some_copper_and_nickel );; line 91282 (wfb::natural-resource puerto_rico potential_for_onshore_and_offshore_crude_oil );; line 91282 (wfb::land_use puerto_rico arable_land (* 8 %) );; line 91288 (wfb::land_use puerto_rico permanent_crops (* 9 %) );; line 91290 (wfb::land_use puerto_rico meadows_and_pastures (* 41 %) );; line 91292 (wfb::land_use puerto_rico forest_and_woodland (* 20 %) );; line 91294 (wfb::land_use puerto_rico other (* 22 %) );; line 91296 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land puerto_rico date_1989 );; line 91300 (wfb::irrigated_land puerto_rico (* 390 sq_km) );; line 91300 (wfb::environment puerto_rico current_issues "the recent drought has caused water levels in reservoirs to drop and prompted water rationing for more than one-half of the population" );; line 91305 (wfb::environment puerto_rico natural_hazards "periodic droughts" );; line 91308 (wfb::environment puerto_rico international_agreements "NA" );; line 91310 (wfb::note puerto_rico "important location along the Mona Passage - a key shipping lane to the Panama Canal; San Juan is one of the biggest and best natural harbors in the Caribbean; many small rivers and high central mountains ensure land is well watered; south coast relatively dry; fertile coastal plain belt in north" );; line 91314 (wfb::estimation-date population puerto_rico date_jul_1995 );; line 91324 (wfb::population puerto_rico 3812569 );; line 91324 (wfb::age_structure puerto_rico 0-14_years (* 25 %) );; line 91329 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex puerto_rico 0-14_years female 466596 );; line 91329 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex puerto_rico 0-14_years male 489127 );; line 91329 (wfb::age_structure puerto_rico 15-64_years (* 65 %) );; line 91331 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex puerto_rico 15-64_years female 1274765 );; line 91331 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex puerto_rico 15-64_years male 1195785 );; line 91331 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure puerto_rico 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 91333 (wfb::age_structure puerto_rico 65_years_and_over (* 10 %) );; line 91333 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex puerto_rico 65_years_and_over female 213716 );; line 91333 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex puerto_rico 65_years_and_over male 172580 );; line 91333 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate puerto_rico date_1995 );; line 91337 (wfb::population_growth_rate puerto_rico (* 0.16 %) );; line 91337 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate puerto_rico date_1995 );; line 91341 (wfb::birth_rate puerto_rico (* 15.92 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 91341 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate puerto_rico date_1995 );; line 91345 (wfb::death_rate puerto_rico (* 7.47 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 91345 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate puerto_rico date_1995 );; line 91349 (wfb::net_migration_rate puerto_rico (* -6.81 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 91349 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate puerto_rico date_1995 );; line 91353 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate puerto_rico (* 12.8 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 91353 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth puerto_rico total_population (* 75.1 years) );; line 91358 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth puerto_rico male (* 70.78 years) );; line 91360 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth puerto_rico female date_1995 );; line 91362 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth puerto_rico female (* 79.66 years) );; line 91362 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate puerto_rico date_1995 );; line 91366 (wfb::total_fertility_rate puerto_rico (* 1.98 children_born/woman) );; line 91366 (wfb::nationality puerto_rico noun "Puerto Rican(s) (US citizens)" );; line 91371 (wfb::nationality puerto_rico adjective "Puerto Rican" );; line 91373 (wfb::ethnic-entity puerto_rico hispanic n/a );; line 91377 (wfb::religion puerto_rico roman_catholic (* 85 %) );; line 91381 (wfb::religion puerto_rico protestant_denominations_and_other (* 15 %) );; line 91381 (wfb::language puerto_rico spanish-language-group n/a );; line 91385 (wfb::language puerto_rico english n/a );; line 91385 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition puerto_rico date_1980 );; line 91389 (wfb::literacy-condition puerto_rico "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 91389 (wfb::literacy puerto_rico total_population (* 89 %) );; line 91391 (wfb::literacy puerto_rico male (* 90 %) );; line 91393 (wfb::literacy puerto_rico female (* 88 %) );; line 91395 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force puerto_rico date_1993 );; line 91399 (wfb::total_labor_force puerto_rico 1.2e6 );; line 91399 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force puerto_rico by_occupation date_1993 );; line 91401 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1993 );; line 91401 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation puerto_rico government (* 22 %) );; line 91401 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation puerto_rico manufacturing (* 17 %) );; line 91401 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation puerto_rico trade (* 20 %) );; line 91401 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation puerto_rico construction (* 6 %) );; line 91401 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation puerto_rico communications_and_transportation (* 5 %) );; line 91401 (wfb::names puerto_rico conventional_long_form "Commonwealth of Puerto Rico" );; line 91408 (wfb::names puerto_rico conventional_short_form "Puerto Rico" );; line 91410 (wfb::digraph puerto_rico "RQ" );; line 91414 (wfb::type puerto_rico "commonwealth associated with the US" );; line 91418 (wfb::capital puerto_rico san_juan-puerto_rico );; line 91422 (wfb::comment independence puerto_rico "commonwealth associated with the US" );; line 91431 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1776 );; line 91435 (wfb::comment national_holiday puerto_rico "1776" );; line 91435 (wfb::national_holiday puerto_rico "US Independence Day" date_4_jul );; line 91435 (wfb::constitution puerto_rico "ratified 3 March 1952; approved by US Congress 3 July 1952; effective 25 July 1952" );; line 91439 (wfb::legal_system puerto_rico "based on Spanish civil code" );; line 91444 (wfb::comment suffrage puerto_rico " universal; indigenous inhabitants are US citizens but do not vote in US presidential elections" );; line 91448 (wfb::suffrage puerto_rico (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 91448 (wfb::comment executive_branch puerto_rico chief_of_state "Vice President Albert GORE, Jr. (since 20 January 1993)" );; line 91454 (wfb::executive_branch puerto_rico chief_of_state "President William Jefferson CLINTON " date_20_jan_1993 );; line 91454 (wfb::comment executive_branch puerto_rico head_of_government "election last held 3 November 1992 (next to be held 5 November 1996)" );; line 91457 (wfb::comment executive_branch puerto_rico head_of_government "results - Pedro ROSSELLO (PNP) 50%, Victoria MUNOZ (PPD) 46%, Fernando MARTIN (PIP) 4%" );; line 91457 (wfb::executive_branch puerto_rico head_of_government "Governor Pedro ROSSELLO " date_2_jan_1993 );; line 91457 (wfb::legislative_structure puerto_rico bicameral "Legislative Assembly" );; line 91463 (wfb::legislative_branch puerto_rico "Senate" "elections last held 3 November 1992 (next to be held 5 November 1996); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (29 total) PNP 20, PPD 8, PIP 1" );; line 91465 (wfb::legislative_branch puerto_rico "House of Representatives" "elections last held 3 November 1992 (next to be held NA November 1996); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (53 total) PNP 36, PPD 16, PIP 1" );; line 91469 (wfb::legislative_branch puerto_rico "US House of Representatives" "elections last held 3 November 1992 (next to be held 5 November 1996); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (1 total) PNP 1 (Carlos Romero BARCELO); note - Puerto Rico elects one representative to the US House of Representatives" );; line 91473 (wfb::judicial_branch puerto_rico "Supreme Court, Superior Courts, Municipal Courts" );; line 91480 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders puerto_rico "National Republican Party of Puerto Rico, Luis FERRE; Popular Democratic Party (PPD), Hector ACEVEDO; New Progressive Party (PNP), Pedro ROSSELLO; Puerto Rican Socialist Party (PSP) has been disbanded (1994); Puerto Rican Independence Party (PIP), Ruben BERRIOS Martinez; Puerto Rican Communist Party (PCP), leader(s) unknown" );; line 91484 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups puerto_rico "Armed Forces for National Liberation (FALN); Volunteers of the Puerto Rican Revolution; Boricua Popular Army (also known as the Macheteros); Armed Forces of Popular Resistance" );; line 91492 (wfb::member_of puerto_rico caricom );; line 91498 (wfb::comment member_of puerto_rico caricom "observer" );; line 91498 (wfb::member_of puerto_rico eclac );; line 91498 (wfb::comment member_of puerto_rico eclac "associate" );; line 91498 (wfb::member_of puerto_rico fao );; line 91498 (wfb::comment member_of puerto_rico fao "associate" );; line 91498 (wfb::member_of puerto_rico icftu );; line 91498 (wfb::member_of puerto_rico interpol );; line 91498 (wfb::comment member_of puerto_rico interpol "subbureau" );; line 91498 (wfb::member_of puerto_rico ioc );; line 91498 (wfb::member_of puerto_rico wcl );; line 91498 (wfb::member_of puerto_rico wftu );; line 91498 (wfb::member_of puerto_rico who );; line 91498 (wfb::comment member_of puerto_rico who "associate" );; line 91498 (wfb::member_of puerto_rico wto );; line 91498 (wfb::comment member_of puerto_rico wto "associate" );; line 91498 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us puerto_rico "none (commonwealth associated with the US)" );; line 91503 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation puerto_rico "none (commonwealth associated with the US)" );; line 91507 (wfb::flag puerto_rico "five equal horizontal bands of red (top and bottom) alternating with white; a blue isosceles triangle based on the hoist side bears a large white five-pointed star in the center; design based on the US flag" );; line 91511 (wfb::overview puerto_rico "Puerto Rico has one of the most dynamic economies in the Caribbean region. Industry has surpassed agriculture as the primary sector of economic activity and income. Encouraged by duty free access to the US and by tax incentives, US firms have invested heavily in Puerto Rico since the 1950s. US minimum wage laws apply. Important industries include pharmaceuticals, electronics, textiles, petrochemicals, and processed foods. Sugar production has lost out to dairy production and other livestock products as the main source of income in the agricultural sector. Tourism has traditionally been an important source of income for the island, with estimated arrivals of nearly 3.9 million tourists in 1993." );; line 91518 (wfb::estimation-date national_product puerto_rico date_1994 );; line 91531 (wfb::national_product puerto_rico (* 26.8e9 $) );; line 91531 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate puerto_rico date_1994 );; line 91535 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate puerto_rico (* 2.6 %) );; line 91535 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita puerto_rico date_1994 );; line 91539 (wfb::national_product_per_capita puerto_rico (* 7050 $) );; line 91539 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| puerto_rico "2.9% (1994)" );; line 91543 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate puerto_rico date_1994 );; line 91547 (wfb::unemployment_rate puerto_rico (* 16 %) );; line 91547 (wfb::budget puerto_rico revenues (* 5.1e9 $) );; line 91552 (wfb::for-fiscal-year budget puerto_rico 94 );; line 91554 (wfb::budget puerto_rico expenditures (* 5.1e9 $) );; line 91554 (wfb::budget puerto_rico capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 91554 (wfb::measurement-date exports puerto_rico date_1994 );; line 91558 (wfb::exports puerto_rico (* 21.8e9 $) );; line 91558 (wfb::exports puerto_rico commodities pharmaceuticals n/a );; line 91560 (wfb::exports puerto_rico commodities electronics n/a );; line 91560 (wfb::exports puerto_rico commodities apparel-commodity n/a );; line 91560 (wfb::exports puerto_rico commodities canned_tuna n/a );; line 91560 (wfb::exports puerto_rico commodities rum n/a );; line 91560 (wfb::exports puerto_rico commodities beverage_concentrates n/a );; line 91560 (wfb::exports puerto_rico commodities medical_equipment n/a );; line 91560 (wfb::exports puerto_rico commodities instruments-commodity n/a );; line 91560 (wfb::measurement-date exports puerto_rico date_1993 );; line 91563 (wfb::comment exports puerto_rico partners "1993" );; line 91563 (wfb::measurement-date imports puerto_rico date_1994 );; line 91567 (wfb::imports puerto_rico (* 16.7e9 $) );; line 91567 (wfb::imports puerto_rico commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 91569 (wfb::imports puerto_rico commodities clothing-commodity n/a );; line 91569 (wfb::imports puerto_rico commodities food n/a );; line 91569 (wfb::imports puerto_rico commodities fish-commodity n/a );; line 91569 (wfb::imports puerto_rico commodities petroleum_products-commodity n/a );; line 91569 (wfb::measurement-date imports puerto_rico date_1993 );; line 91571 (wfb::comment imports puerto_rico partners "1993" );; line 91571 (wfb::external_debt puerto_rico (* n/a $) );; line 91575 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 91579 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production puerto_rico date_1994 );; line 91579 (wfb::industrial_production puerto_rico growth_rate (* 5 %) );; line 91579 (wfb::electricity puerto_rico capacity (* 4.230000 kw) );; line 91584 (wfb::electricity puerto_rico production (* 15.6e9 kwh) );; line 91586 (wfb::measurement-date electricity puerto_rico consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 91588 (wfb::electricity puerto_rico consumption_per_capita (* 3819 kwh) );; line 91588 (wfb::industry puerto_rico manufacturing_accounts_for_39.4%_of_gdp );; line 91592 (wfb::industry puerto_rico manufacturing_of_pharmaceuticals );; line 91592 (wfb::industry puerto_rico electronics-industry );; line 91592 (wfb::industry puerto_rico apparel );; line 91592 (wfb::industry puerto_rico food_products-industry );; line 91592 (wfb::industry puerto_rico instruments );; line 91592 (wfb::industry puerto_rico tourism );; line 91592 (wfb::agriculture puerto_rico "accounts for only 3% of labor force and just over 1% of GDP; crops - sugarcane, coffee, pineapples, plantains, bananas; livestock - cattle, chickens; imports a large share of food needs (1993)" );; line 91597 (wfb::economic_aid puerto_rico "none" );; line 91603 (wfb::abbreviation united_states_dollar "US$" );; line 91607 (wfb::currency puerto_rico united_states_dollar 100 cents );; line 91607 (wfb::exchange_rates puerto_rico "US currency is used" );; line 91611 (wfb::fiscal_year puerto_rico date_1_jul date_30_jun );; line 91615 (wfb::railroads puerto_rico total "96 km rural narrow-gauge system for hauling sugarcane; note - no passenger railroads" );; line 91621 (wfb::highways puerto_rico total (* 13762 km) );; line 91627 (wfb::measurement-date highways puerto_rico date_1982 );; line 91629 (wfb::port puerto_rico guanica-puerto_rico );; line 91633 (wfb::port puerto_rico guayanilla-puerto_rico );; line 91633 (wfb::port puerto_rico guayama-puerto_rico );; line 91633 (wfb::port puerto_rico playa_de_ponce-puerto_rico );; line 91633 (wfb::port puerto_rico san_juan-puerto_rico );; line 91633 (wfb::merchant_marine puerto_rico "none" );; line 91637 (wfb::airports puerto_rico total 31 );; line 91642 (wfb::airports puerto_rico |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 3 );; line 91644 (wfb::airports puerto_rico |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 3 );; line 91646 (wfb::airports puerto_rico |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 9 );; line 91648 (wfb::airports puerto_rico with_paved_runways_under_914_m 14 );; line 91650 (wfb::airports puerto_rico |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 2 );; line 91652 (wfb::telephone_system puerto_rico "NA telephones; modern system, integrated with that of the US by high capacity submarine cable and INTELSAT with high-speed data capability; digital telephone system with about 1 million lines; cellular telephone service (1990)" );; line 91657 (wfb::telephone_system puerto_rico local "NA" );; line 91662 (wfb::telephone_system puerto_rico intercity "NA" );; line 91664 (wfb::telephone_system puerto_rico international "1 INTELSAT earth station and submarine cable" );; line 91666 (wfb::radio puerto_rico broadcast_stations am 50 );; line 91671 (wfb::radio puerto_rico broadcast_stations fm 63 );; line 91671 (wfb::radio puerto_rico broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 91671 (wfb::radio puerto_rico radios n/a );; line 91673 (wfb::measurement-date television puerto_rico broadcast_stations date_1990 );; line 91678 (wfb::television puerto_rico televisions n/a );; line 91680 (wfb::defense_branch puerto_rico paramilitary_national_guard_puerto_rico );; line 91686 (wfb::defense_branch puerto_rico police_force_puerto_rico );; line 91686 (wfb::note puerto_rico "defense is the responsibility of the US" );; line 91690 (wfb::markup-parameter figure qatar "graphno=\"qa.tif\"" );; line 91697 (wfb::location qatar "Middle East, peninsula bordering the Persian Gulf and Saudi Arabia" );; line 91701 (wfb::map_references qatar "Middle East" );; line 91706 (wfb::area qatar total_area (* 11000 sq_km) );; line 91711 (wfb::area qatar land_area (* 11000 sq_km) );; line 91713 (wfb::area qatar comparative_area "slightly smaller than Connecticut" );; line 91715 (wfb::borders qatar total (* 60 km) );; line 91719 (wfb::borders qatar saudi_arabia (* 60 km) );; line 91719 (wfb::coastline qatar (* 563 km) );; line 91723 (wfb::maritime_claims qatar contiguous_zone (* 24 nm) );; line 91728 (wfb::maritime_claims qatar exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 91730 (wfb::maritime_claims qatar territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 91732 (wfb::international_disputes qatar "territorial dispute with Bahrain over the Hawar Islands" );; line 91736 (wfb::international_disputes qatar "maritime boundary with Bahrain" );; line 91736 (wfb::climate qatar "desert" );; line 91741 (wfb::climate qatar "hot, dry" );; line 91741 (wfb::climate qatar "humid and sultry in summer" );; line 91741 (wfb::terrain qatar "mostly flat and barren desert covered with loose sand and gravel" );; line 91745 (wfb::natural-resource qatar petroleum );; line 91749 (wfb::natural-resource qatar natural_gas );; line 91749 (wfb::natural-resource qatar fish );; line 91749 (wfb::land_use qatar arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 91754 (wfb::land_use qatar permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 91756 (wfb::land_use qatar meadows_and_pastures (* 5 %) );; line 91758 (wfb::land_use qatar forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 91760 (wfb::land_use qatar other (* 95 %) );; line 91762 (wfb::irrigated_land qatar (* n/a sq_km) );; line 91766 (wfb::environment qatar current_issues "limited natural fresh water resources are increasing dependence on large-scale desalination facilities" );; line 91771 (wfb::environment qatar natural_hazards "haze, dust storms, sandstorms common" );; line 91774 (wfb::environment qatar international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Law of the Sea" );; line 91776 (wfb::note qatar "strategic location in central Persian Gulf near major petroleum deposits" );; line 91780 (wfb::estimation-date population qatar date_jul_1995 );; line 91787 (wfb::population qatar 533916 );; line 91787 (wfb::age_structure qatar 0-14_years (* 30 %) );; line 91792 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex qatar 0-14_years female 81443 );; line 91792 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex qatar 0-14_years male 80591 );; line 91792 (wfb::age_structure qatar 15-64_years (* 68 %) );; line 91794 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex qatar 15-64_years female 104921 );; line 91794 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex qatar 15-64_years male 258135 );; line 91794 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure qatar 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 91796 (wfb::age_structure qatar 65_years_and_over (* 2 %) );; line 91796 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex qatar 65_years_and_over female 2941 );; line 91796 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex qatar 65_years_and_over male 5885 );; line 91796 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate qatar date_1995 );; line 91800 (wfb::population_growth_rate qatar (* 2.74 %) );; line 91800 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate qatar date_1995 );; line 91804 (wfb::birth_rate qatar (* 22.72 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 91804 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate qatar date_1995 );; line 91808 (wfb::death_rate qatar (* 3.59 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 91808 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate qatar date_1995 );; line 91812 (wfb::net_migration_rate qatar (* 8.25 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 91812 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate qatar date_1995 );; line 91816 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate qatar (* 20.4 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 91816 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth qatar total_population (* 73.03 years) );; line 91821 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth qatar male (* 70.45 years) );; line 91823 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth qatar female date_1995 );; line 91825 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth qatar female (* 75.5 years) );; line 91825 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate qatar date_1995 );; line 91829 (wfb::total_fertility_rate qatar (* 4.63 children_born/woman) );; line 91829 (wfb::nationality qatar noun "Qatari(s)" );; line 91834 (wfb::nationality qatar adjective "Qatari" );; line 91836 (wfb::ethnic-entity qatar arab (* 40 %) );; line 91840 (wfb::ethnic-entity qatar pakistani (* 18 %) );; line 91840 (wfb::ethnic-entity qatar indian (* 18 %) );; line 91840 (wfb::ethnic-entity qatar iranian (* 10 %) );; line 91840 (wfb::religion qatar muslim (* 95 %) );; line 91844 (wfb::language qatar arabic n/a );; line 91848 (wfb::comment language qatar arabic "official" );; line 91848 (wfb::language qatar english_commonly_used_as_a_second_language n/a );; line 91848 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition qatar date_1986 );; line 91852 (wfb::literacy-condition qatar "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 91852 (wfb::literacy qatar total_population (* 76 %) );; line 91854 (wfb::literacy qatar male (* 77 %) );; line 91856 (wfb::literacy qatar female (* 72 %) );; line 91858 (wfb::total_labor_force qatar n/a );; line 91862 (wfb::names qatar conventional_long_form "State of Qatar" );; line 91868 (wfb::names qatar conventional_short_form "Qatar" );; line 91870 (wfb::names qatar local_long_form "Dawlat Qatar" );; line 91872 (wfb::names qatar local_short_form "Qatar" );; line 91874 (wfb::digraph qatar "QA" );; line 91878 (wfb::type qatar "traditional monarchy" );; line 91882 (wfb::capital qatar doha-qatar );; line 91886 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_qatar_municipalities "municipalities" "baladiyat" "baladiyah" );; line 91890 (wfb::administrative_divisions qatar adm_div_qatar_municipalities 9 );; line 91890 (wfb::administrative_division_of qatar adm_div_qatar_municipalities "Ad Dawhah" );; line 91890 (wfb::administrative_division_of qatar adm_div_qatar_municipalities "Al Ghuwayriyah" );; line 91890 (wfb::administrative_division_of qatar adm_div_qatar_municipalities "Al Jumayliyah" );; line 91890 (wfb::administrative_division_of qatar adm_div_qatar_municipalities "Al Khawr" );; line 91890 (wfb::administrative_division_of qatar adm_div_qatar_municipalities "Al Wakrah" );; line 91890 (wfb::administrative_division_of qatar adm_div_qatar_municipalities "Ar Rayyan" );; line 91890 (wfb::administrative_division_of qatar adm_div_qatar_municipalities "Jarayan al Batinah" );; line 91890 (wfb::administrative_division_of qatar adm_div_qatar_municipalities "Madinat ash Shamal" );; line 91890 (wfb::administrative_division_of qatar adm_div_qatar_municipalities "Umm Salal" );; line 91890 (wfb::independence qatar date_3_sep_1971 "UK" );; line 91896 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1971 );; line 91900 (wfb::comment national_holiday qatar "1971" );; line 91900 (wfb::national_holiday qatar "Independence Day" date_3_sep );; line 91900 (wfb::constitution qatar "provisional constitution enacted 2 April 1970" );; line 91904 (wfb::legal_system qatar "discretionary system of law controlled by the amir, although civil codes are being implemented; Islamic law is significant in personal matters" );; line 91908 (wfb::comment executive_branch qatar chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "Crown Prince HAMAD bin Khalifa Al Thani (appointed 31 May 1977; son of Amir and Minister of Defense)" );; line 91918 (wfb::executive_branch qatar chief_of_state "Amir and Prime Minister KHALIFA bin Hamad Al Thani " date_22_feb_1972 );; line 91918 (wfb::executive_branch qatar head_of_government "Amir and Prime Minister KHALIFA bin Hamad Al Thani " date_22_feb_1972 );; line 91918 (wfb::comment executive_branch qatar cabinet "appointed by the amir" );; line 91922 (wfb::executive_branch qatar cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 91922 (wfb::legislative_structure qatar unicameral n/a );; line 91926 (wfb::legislative_branch qatar "Advisory Council (Majlis al-Shura)" "constitution calls for elections for part of this consultative body, but no elections have been held; seats - (30 total)" );; line 91928 (wfb::judicial_branch qatar "Court of Appeal" );; line 91933 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders qatar "none" );; line 91937 (wfb::member_of qatar abeda );; line 91941 (wfb::member_of qatar afesd );; line 91941 (wfb::member_of qatar al );; line 91941 (wfb::member_of qatar amf );; line 91941 (wfb::member_of qatar ccc );; line 91941 (wfb::member_of qatar escwa );; line 91941 (wfb::member_of qatar fao );; line 91941 (wfb::member_of qatar g-77 );; line 91941 (wfb::member_of qatar gatt );; line 91941 (wfb::member_of qatar gcc );; line 91941 (wfb::member_of qatar iaea );; line 91941 (wfb::member_of qatar ibrd );; line 91941 (wfb::member_of qatar icao );; line 91941 (wfb::member_of qatar icrm );; line 91941 (wfb::member_of qatar idb );; line 91941 (wfb::member_of qatar ifad );; line 91941 (wfb::member_of qatar ifrcs );; line 91941 (wfb::member_of qatar ilo );; line 91941 (wfb::member_of qatar imf );; line 91941 (wfb::member_of qatar imo );; line 91941 (wfb::member_of qatar inmarsat );; line 91941 (wfb::member_of qatar intelsat );; line 91941 (wfb::member_of qatar interpol );; line 91941 (wfb::member_of qatar ioc );; line 91941 (wfb::member_of qatar iso );; line 91941 (wfb::comment member_of qatar iso "correspondent" );; line 91941 (wfb::member_of qatar itu );; line 91941 (wfb::member_of qatar nam );; line 91941 (wfb::member_of qatar oapec );; line 91941 (wfb::member_of qatar oic );; line 91941 (wfb::member_of qatar opec );; line 91941 (wfb::member_of qatar un );; line 91941 (wfb::member_of qatar unctad );; line 91941 (wfb::member_of qatar unesco );; line 91941 (wfb::member_of qatar unido );; line 91941 (wfb::member_of qatar upu );; line 91941 (wfb::member_of qatar who );; line 91941 (wfb::member_of qatar wipo );; line 91941 (wfb::member_of qatar wmo );; line 91941 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us qatar chief_of_mission "Ambassador ABD AL-RAHMAN bin Saud bin Fahd Al Thani" );; line 91949 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us qatar chancery "Suite 1180, 600 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20037" );; line 91951 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us qatar telephone "[1] (202) 338-0111" );; line 91953 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation qatar chief_of_mission "Ambassador Kenton W. KEITH" );; line 91958 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation qatar embassy "149 Ali Bin Ahmed St., Farig Bin Omran (opposite the television station), Doha" );; line 91960 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation qatar mailing_address "P. O. Box 2399, Doha" );; line 91963 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation qatar telephone "[974] 864701 through 864703" );; line 91965 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation qatar fax "[974] 861669" );; line 91967 (wfb::flag qatar "maroon with a broad white serrated band (nine white points) on the hoist side" );; line 91971 (wfb::overview qatar "Oil is the backbone of the economy and accounts for more than 30% of GDP, roughly 75% of export earnings, and 70% of government revenues. Proved oil reserves of 3.3 billion barrels should ensure continued output at current levels for about 25 years. Oil has given Qatar a per capita GDP comparable to the leading West European industrial countries. Production and export of natural gas are becoming increasingly important. Long-term goals feature the development of off-shore oil and the diversification of the economy." );; line 91977 (wfb::estimation-date national_product qatar date_1994 );; line 91988 (wfb::national_product qatar (* 10.7e9 $) );; line 91988 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate qatar date_1994 );; line 91992 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate qatar (* -1 %) );; line 91992 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita qatar date_1994 );; line 91996 (wfb::national_product_per_capita qatar (* 20820 $) );; line 91996 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| qatar "3% (1993 est.)" );; line 92000 (wfb::unemployment_rate qatar (* n/a %) );; line 92004 (wfb::budget qatar revenues (* 2.5e9 $) );; line 92009 (wfb::estimation-date budget qatar date_1992 );; line 92011 (wfb::budget qatar expenditures (* 3e9 $) );; line 92011 (wfb::budget qatar capital_expenditures (* 440e6 $) );; line 92011 (wfb::exports qatar (* 3.13e9 $) );; line 92016 (wfb::exports qatar commodities petroleum_products-commodity (* 75 %) );; line 92018 (wfb::exports qatar commodities steel-commodity n/a );; line 92018 (wfb::exports qatar commodities fertilizers-commodity n/a );; line 92018 (wfb::measurement-date exports qatar date_1992 );; line 92020 (wfb::exports qatar partners japan (* 57 %) );; line 92020 (wfb::exports qatar partners south_korea (* 9 %) );; line 92020 (wfb::exports qatar partners brazil (* 4 %) );; line 92020 (wfb::exports qatar partners uae (* 4 %) );; line 92020 (wfb::exports qatar partners singapore (* 3 %) );; line 92020 (wfb::imports qatar (* 1.75e9 $) );; line 92024 (wfb::imports qatar commodities machinery_and_equipment n/a );; line 92026 (wfb::imports qatar commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 92026 (wfb::imports qatar commodities food n/a );; line 92026 (wfb::imports qatar commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 92026 (wfb::measurement-date imports qatar date_1992 );; line 92028 (wfb::imports qatar partners japan (* 16 %) );; line 92028 (wfb::imports qatar partners uk (* 11 %) );; line 92028 (wfb::imports qatar partners us (* 11 %) );; line 92028 (wfb::imports qatar partners germany (* 7 %) );; line 92028 (wfb::imports qatar partners france (* 5 %) );; line 92028 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt qatar date_1993 );; line 92032 (wfb::external_debt qatar (* 1.5e9 $) );; line 92032 (wfb::industrial_production qatar accounts_for (* 50 %_of_gdp) );; line 92036 (wfb::electricity qatar capacity (* 1520000 kw) );; line 92041 (wfb::electricity qatar production (* 4.5e9 kwh) );; line 92043 (wfb::measurement-date electricity qatar consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 92045 (wfb::electricity qatar consumption_per_capita (* 8415 kwh) );; line 92045 (wfb::industry qatar crude_oil_production_and_refining );; line 92049 (wfb::industry qatar fertilizers );; line 92049 (wfb::industry qatar petrochemicals );; line 92049 (wfb::industry qatar |steel (rolls reinforcing bars for concrete construction)| );; line 92049 (wfb::industry qatar cement );; line 92049 (wfb::agriculture qatar "farming and grazing on small scale, less than 2% of GDP; agricultural area is small and government-owned; commercial fishing increasing in importance; most food imported" );; line 92054 (wfb::economic_aid qatar donor "pledged in ODA to less developed countries (1979-88), $2.7 billion" );; line 92061 (wfb::abbreviation qatari_riyal "QR" );; line 92066 (wfb::currency qatar qatari_riyal 100 dirhams );; line 92066 (wfb::exchange_rates qatar "Qatari riyals (QR) per US$1 - 3.6400 riyals (fixed rate)" );; line 92070 (wfb::fiscal_year qatar date_1_apr date_31_mar );; line 92074 (wfb::railroads qatar "0 km" );; line 92079 (wfb::highways qatar total (* 1190 km) );; line 92084 (wfb::highways qatar paved (* 1030 km) );; line 92086 (wfb::estimation-date highways qatar date_1988 );; line 92088 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 235 km) );; line 92092 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 400 km) );; line 92092 (wfb::port qatar doha-qatar );; line 92096 (wfb::port qatar halul_island-qatar );; line 92096 (wfb::port qatar |Umm Sa'id-qatar| );; line 92096 (wfb::merchant_marine qatar total "19 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 463,227 GRT/763,507 DWT" );; line 92101 (wfb::merchant_marine qatar ships_by_type "combination ore/oil 1, container 3, cargo 11, oil tanker 3, refrigerated cargo 1" );; line 92103 (wfb::airports qatar total 6 );; line 92109 (wfb::airports qatar |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 92111 (wfb::airports qatar with_paved_runways_under_914_m 2 );; line 92113 (wfb::airports qatar |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 3 );; line 92115 (wfb::telephone_system qatar "110,000 telephones; modern system centered in Doha" );; line 92120 (wfb::telephone_system qatar local "NA" );; line 92122 (wfb::telephone_system qatar intercity "NA" );; line 92124 (wfb::telephone_system qatar international "tropospheric scatter to Bahrain; microwave radio relay to Saudi Arabia and UAE; submarine cable to Bahrain and UAE; 2 INTELSAT (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) and 1 ARABSAT earth station" );; line 92126 (wfb::radio qatar broadcast_stations am 2 );; line 92133 (wfb::radio qatar broadcast_stations fm 3 );; line 92133 (wfb::radio qatar broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 92133 (wfb::radio qatar radios n/a );; line 92135 (wfb::television qatar broadcast_stations 3 );; line 92140 (wfb::television qatar televisions n/a );; line 92142 (wfb::defense_branch qatar army_qatar );; line 92148 (wfb::defense_branch qatar navy_qatar );; line 92148 (wfb::defense_branch qatar air_force_qatar );; line 92148 (wfb::defense_branch qatar public_security_qatar );; line 92148 (wfb::manpower_availability qatar "males age 15-49 219,442; males fit for military service 115,103; males reach military age (18) annually 3,915 (1995 est.)" );; line 92152 (wfb::markup-parameter figure reunion "graphno=\"re.tif\"" );; line 92164 (wfb::header reunion "(overseas department of France)" );; line 92164 (wfb::location reunion "Southern Africa, island in the Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar" );; line 92169 (wfb::map_references reunion "World" );; line 92173 (wfb::area reunion total_area (* 2510 sq_km) );; line 92178 (wfb::area reunion land_area (* 2500 sq_km) );; line 92180 (wfb::area reunion comparative_area "slightly smaller than Rhode Island" );; line 92182 (wfb::coastline reunion (* 201 km) );; line 92190 (wfb::maritime_claims reunion exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 92195 (wfb::maritime_claims reunion territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 92197 (wfb::international_disputes reunion "none" );; line 92201 (wfb::climate reunion "tropical, but moderates with elevation" );; line 92205 (wfb::climate reunion "cool and dry from May to November, hot and rainy from November to April" );; line 92205 (wfb::terrain reunion "mostly rugged and mountainous" );; line 92210 (wfb::terrain reunion "fertile lowlands along coast" );; line 92210 (wfb::natural-resource reunion fish );; line 92214 (wfb::natural-resource reunion arable_land );; line 92214 (wfb::land_use reunion arable_land (* 20 %) );; line 92219 (wfb::land_use reunion permanent_crops (* 2 %) );; line 92221 (wfb::land_use reunion meadows_and_pastures (* 4 %) );; line 92223 (wfb::land_use reunion forest_and_woodland (* 35 %) );; line 92225 (wfb::land_use reunion other (* 39 %) );; line 92227 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land reunion date_1989 );; line 92231 (wfb::irrigated_land reunion (* 60 sq_km) );; line 92231 (wfb::environment reunion current_issues "NA" );; line 92236 (wfb::environment reunion natural_hazards "periodic, devastating cyclones (December to April)" );; line 92238 (wfb::environment reunion natural_hazards "Piton de la Fournaise on the southeastern coast is an active volcano" );; line 92238 (wfb::environment reunion international_agreements "NA" );; line 92241 (wfb::estimation-date population reunion date_jul_1995 );; line 92247 (wfb::population reunion 666067 );; line 92247 (wfb::age_structure reunion 0-14_years (* 32 %) );; line 92252 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex reunion 0-14_years female 104924 );; line 92252 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex reunion 0-14_years male 109972 );; line 92252 (wfb::age_structure reunion 15-64_years (* 62 %) );; line 92254 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex reunion 15-64_years female 210762 );; line 92254 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex reunion 15-64_years male 203774 );; line 92254 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure reunion 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 92256 (wfb::age_structure reunion 65_years_and_over (* 6 %) );; line 92256 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex reunion 65_years_and_over female 21606 );; line 92256 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex reunion 65_years_and_over male 15029 );; line 92256 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate reunion date_1995 );; line 92260 (wfb::population_growth_rate reunion (* 1.98 %) );; line 92260 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate reunion date_1995 );; line 92264 (wfb::birth_rate reunion (* 24.59 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 92264 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate reunion date_1995 );; line 92268 (wfb::death_rate reunion (* 4.79 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 92268 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate reunion date_1995 );; line 92272 (wfb::net_migration_rate reunion (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 92272 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate reunion date_1995 );; line 92276 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate reunion (* 7.7 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 92276 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth reunion total_population (* 74.46 years) );; line 92281 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth reunion male (* 71.39 years) );; line 92283 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth reunion female date_1995 );; line 92285 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth reunion female (* 77.67 years) );; line 92285 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate reunion date_1995 );; line 92289 (wfb::total_fertility_rate reunion (* 2.75 children_born/woman) );; line 92289 (wfb::nationality reunion noun "Reunionese (singular and plural)" );; line 92294 (wfb::nationality reunion adjective "Reunionese" );; line 92296 (wfb::ethnic-entity reunion french-ethnic-entity n/a );; line 92300 (wfb::ethnic-entity reunion african n/a );; line 92300 (wfb::ethnic-entity reunion malagasy-ethnic-entity n/a );; line 92300 (wfb::ethnic-entity reunion chinese n/a );; line 92300 (wfb::ethnic-entity reunion pakistani n/a );; line 92300 (wfb::ethnic-entity reunion indian n/a );; line 92300 (wfb::religion reunion roman_catholic (* 94 %) );; line 92304 (wfb::language reunion french n/a );; line 92308 (wfb::comment language reunion french "official" );; line 92308 (wfb::language reunion creole_widely_used n/a );; line 92308 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition reunion date_1982 );; line 92312 (wfb::literacy-condition reunion "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 92312 (wfb::literacy reunion total_population (* 79 %) );; line 92314 (wfb::literacy reunion male (* 76 %) );; line 92316 (wfb::literacy reunion female (* 80 %) );; line 92318 (wfb::total_labor_force reunion n/a );; line 92322 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force reunion by_occupation date_1981 );; line 92324 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1981 );; line 92324 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation reunion agriculture (* 30 %) );; line 92324 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation reunion industry (* 21 %) );; line 92324 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation reunion services (* 49 %) );; line 92324 (wfb::names reunion conventional_long_form "Department of Reunion" );; line 92330 (wfb::names reunion conventional_short_form "Reunion" );; line 92332 (wfb::names reunion local_short_form "Ile de la Reunion" );; line 92336 (wfb::digraph reunion "RE" );; line 92340 (wfb::type reunion "overseas department of France" );; line 92344 (wfb::capital reunion saint-denis-reunion );; line 92348 (wfb::comment independence reunion "overseas department of France" );; line 92356 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1789 );; line 92360 (wfb::comment national_holiday reunion "1789" );; line 92360 (wfb::constitution reunion "28 September 1958 (French Constitution)" );; line 92364 (wfb::legal_system reunion "French law" );; line 92368 (wfb::comment suffrage reunion " universal" );; line 92372 (wfb::suffrage reunion (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 92372 (wfb::executive_branch reunion chief_of_state "President Francois MITTERRAND " date_21_may_1981 );; line 92377 (wfb::executive_branch reunion cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 92381 (wfb::legislative_structure reunion unicameral "General Council and unicameral Regional Council" );; line 92385 (wfb::legislative_branch reunion "General Council" "elections last held March 1994 (next to be held NA); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (47 total) PCR 12, PS 12, UDF 11, RPR 5, others 7" );; line 92387 (wfb::legislative_branch reunion "Regional Council" "elections last held 25 June 1993 (next to be held NA); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (45 total) UPF 17, Free-Dom Movement 13, PCR 9, PS 6" );; line 92391 (wfb::legislative_branch reunion "French Senate" "elections last held 24 September 1992 (next to be held NA); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (3 total) RPR 1, FRA 1, independent 1" );; line 92395 (wfb::legislative_branch reunion "French National Assembly" "elections last held 21 and 28 March 1993 (next to be held NA 1998); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (5 total) PS 1, PCR 1, UPF 1, RPR 1, UDF-CDS 1" );; line 92399 (wfb::judicial_branch reunion "Court of Appeals (Cour d'Appel)" );; line 92405 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders reunion "Rally for the Republic (RPR), Alain DEFAUD; Union for French Democracy (UDF), Gilbert GERARD; Communist Party of Reunion (PCR), Elie HOARAU;; France-Reunion Future (FRA), Andre THIEN AH KOON; Socialist Party (PS), Jean-Claude FRUTEAU; Social Democrats (CDS), leader NA; Union for France (UPF - including RPR and UDF); Free-Dom Movement, Marguerite SUDRE" );; line 92409 (wfb::member_of reunion fz );; line 92417 (wfb::member_of reunion wftu );; line 92417 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us reunion "none (overseas department of France)" );; line 92421 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation reunion "none (overseas department of France)" );; line 92425 (wfb::flag reunion "the flag of France is used" );; line 92429 (wfb::overview reunion "The economy has traditionally been based on agriculture. Sugarcane has been the primary crop for more than a century, and in some years it accounts for 85% of exports. The government has been pushing the development of a tourist industry to relieve high unemployment, which recently amounted to one-third of the labor force. The gap in Reunion between the well-off and the poor is extraordinary and accounts for the persistent social tensions. The white and Indian communities are substantially better off than other segments of the population, often approaching European standards, whereas indigenous groups suffer the poverty and unemployment typical of the poorer nations of the African continent. The outbreak of severe rioting in February 1991 illustrates the seriousness of socioeconomic tensions. The economic well-being of Reunion depends heavily on continued financial assistance from France." );; line 92434 (wfb::estimation-date national_product reunion date_1993 );; line 92450 (wfb::national_product reunion (* 2.5e9 $) );; line 92450 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate reunion (* n/a %) );; line 92454 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita reunion date_1993 );; line 92458 (wfb::national_product_per_capita reunion (* 3900 $) );; line 92458 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| reunion "NA%" );; line 92462 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate reunion date_feb_1991 );; line 92466 (wfb::unemployment_rate reunion (* 35 %) );; line 92466 (wfb::budget reunion revenues (* 358e6 $) );; line 92471 (wfb::estimation-date budget reunion date_1986 );; line 92473 (wfb::budget reunion expenditures (* 914e6 $) );; line 92473 (wfb::budget reunion capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 92473 (wfb::exports reunion (* 166e6 $) );; line 92477 (wfb::exports reunion commodities sugar-commodity (* 75 %) );; line 92479 (wfb::exports reunion commodities rum_and_molasses (* 4 %) );; line 92479 (wfb::exports reunion commodities perfume_essences (* 4 %) );; line 92479 (wfb::exports reunion commodities lobster-commodity (* 3 %) );; line 92479 (wfb::exports reunion commodities vanilla_and_tea (* 1 %) );; line 92479 (wfb::exports reunion partners france n/a );; line 92482 (wfb::exports reunion partners mauritius n/a );; line 92482 (wfb::exports reunion partners bahrain n/a );; line 92482 (wfb::exports reunion partners south_africa n/a );; line 92482 (wfb::exports reunion partners italy n/a );; line 92482 (wfb::imports reunion (* 1.7e9 $) );; line 92486 (wfb::imports reunion commodities manufactured_goods n/a );; line 92488 (wfb::imports reunion commodities food n/a );; line 92488 (wfb::imports reunion commodities beverages n/a );; line 92488 (wfb::imports reunion commodities tobacco n/a );; line 92488 (wfb::imports reunion commodities machinery_and_transportation_equipment n/a );; line 92488 (wfb::imports reunion commodities raw_materials n/a );; line 92488 (wfb::imports reunion commodities petroleum_products-commodity n/a );; line 92488 (wfb::imports reunion partners france n/a );; line 92491 (wfb::imports reunion partners mauritius n/a );; line 92491 (wfb::imports reunion partners bahrain n/a );; line 92491 (wfb::imports reunion partners south_africa n/a );; line 92491 (wfb::imports reunion partners italy n/a );; line 92491 (wfb::external_debt reunion (* n/a $) );; line 92495 (wfb::industrial_production reunion growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 92499 (wfb::electricity reunion capacity (* 180000 kw) );; line 92504 (wfb::electricity reunion production (* 1e9 kwh) );; line 92506 (wfb::measurement-date electricity reunion consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 92508 (wfb::electricity reunion consumption_per_capita (* 1454 kwh) );; line 92508 (wfb::industry reunion sugar );; line 92512 (wfb::industry reunion rum-industry );; line 92512 (wfb::industry reunion cigarettes );; line 92512 (wfb::industry reunion several_small_shops_producing_handicraft_items );; line 92512 (wfb::agriculture reunion "accounts for 30% of labor force; dominant sector of economy; cash crops - sugarcane, vanilla, tobacco; food crops - tropical fruits, vegetables, corn; imports large share of food needs" );; line 92517 (wfb::economic_aid reunion recipient "Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $14.8 billion" );; line 92524 (wfb::abbreviation french_franc "F" );; line 92529 (wfb::currency reunion french_franc 100 centimes );; line 92529 (wfb::exchange_rates reunion "French francs (F) per US$1 - 5.2943 (January 1995), 5.5520 (1994), 5.6632 (1993), 5.2938 (1992), 5.6421 (1991), 5.4453 (1990)" );; line 92533 (wfb::fiscal_year reunion date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 92538 (wfb::railroads reunion "0 km" );; line 92543 (wfb::highways reunion total (* 2800 km) );; line 92548 (wfb::highways reunion paved (* 2200 km) );; line 92550 (wfb::highways reunion (union gravel crushed_stone stabilized_earth ) (* 600 km) );; line 92552 (wfb::port reunion le_port-reunion );; line 92556 (wfb::port reunion pointe_des_galets-reunion );; line 92556 (wfb::merchant_marine reunion "none" );; line 92560 (wfb::airports reunion total 2 );; line 92565 (wfb::airports reunion |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 92567 (wfb::airports reunion |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 92569 (wfb::telephone_system reunion "85,900 telephones; adequate system; principal center Saint-Denis" );; line 92574 (wfb::telephone_system reunion local "NA" );; line 92576 (wfb::telephone_system reunion intercity "modern open-wire and microwave network" );; line 92578 (wfb::telephone_system reunion international "radiocommunication to Comoros, France, Madagascar; new microwave route to Mauritius; 1 INTELSAT (Indian Ocean) earth station" );; line 92580 (wfb::radio reunion broadcast_stations am 3 );; line 92586 (wfb::radio reunion broadcast_stations fm 13 );; line 92586 (wfb::radio reunion broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 92586 (wfb::radio reunion radios n/a );; line 92588 (wfb::comment television reunion broadcast_stations "repeaters 18" );; line 92593 (wfb::television reunion broadcast_stations 1 );; line 92593 (wfb::television reunion televisions n/a );; line 92595 (wfb::comment defense_branch reunion french_forces_reunion "Army, Navy, Air Force, and Gendarmerie" );; line 92601 (wfb::defense_branch reunion french_forces_reunion );; line 92601 (wfb::manpower_availability reunion "males age 15-49 173,693; males fit for military service 89,438; males reach military age (18) annually 5,781 (1995 est.)" );; line 92605 (wfb::note reunion "defense is the responsibility of France" );; line 92610 (wfb::markup-parameter figure romania "graphno=\"ro.tif\"" );; line 92616 (wfb::location romania "Southeastern Europe, bordering the Black Sea, between Bulgaria and Ukraine" );; line 92620 (wfb::map_references romania "Ethnic Groups in Eastern Europe, Europe" );; line 92625 (wfb::area romania total_area (* 237500 sq_km) );; line 92630 (wfb::area romania land_area (* 230340 sq_km) );; line 92632 (wfb::area romania comparative_area "slightly smaller than Oregon" );; line 92634 (wfb::borders romania total (* 2508 km) );; line 92638 (wfb::borders romania bulgaria (* 608 km) );; line 92638 (wfb::borders romania hungary (* 443 km) );; line 92638 (wfb::borders romania moldova (* 450 km) );; line 92638 (wfb::comment borders "all with Serbia" );; line 92638 (wfb::borders romania serbia_and_montenegro (* 476 km) );; line 92638 (wfb::borders romania |Ukraine (north)| (* 362 km) );; line 92638 (wfb::borders romania |Ukraine (south)| (* 169 km) );; line 92638 (wfb::coastline romania (* 225 km) );; line 92644 (wfb::maritime_claims romania contiguous_zone (* 24 nm) );; line 92649 (wfb::maritime_claims romania exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 92653 (wfb::maritime_claims romania territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 92655 (wfb::international_disputes romania "certain territory of Moldova and Ukraine - including Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina - are considered by Bucharest as historically a part of Romania" );; line 92659 (wfb::international_disputes romania "this territory was incorporated into the former Soviet Union following the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact in 1940" );; line 92659 (wfb::climate romania "temperate" );; line 92666 (wfb::climate romania "cold, cloudy winters with frequent snow and fog" );; line 92666 (wfb::climate romania "sunny summers with frequent showers and thunderstorms" );; line 92666 (wfb::terrain romania "central Transylvanian Basin is separated from the Plain of Moldavia on the east by the Carpathian Mountains and separated from the Walachian Plain on the south by the Transylvanian Alps" );; line 92671 (wfb::natural-resource romania |petroleum (reserves declining)| );; line 92677 (wfb::natural-resource romania timber );; line 92677 (wfb::natural-resource romania natural_gas );; line 92677 (wfb::natural-resource romania coal );; line 92677 (wfb::natural-resource romania iron_ore );; line 92677 (wfb::natural-resource romania salt );; line 92677 (wfb::land_use romania arable_land (* 43 %) );; line 92683 (wfb::land_use romania permanent_crops (* 3 %) );; line 92685 (wfb::land_use romania meadows_and_pastures (* 19 %) );; line 92687 (wfb::land_use romania forest_and_woodland (* 28 %) );; line 92689 (wfb::land_use romania other (* 7 %) );; line 92691 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land romania date_1989 );; line 92695 (wfb::irrigated_land romania (* 34500 sq_km) );; line 92695 (wfb::environment romania current_issues "soil erosion and degradation" );; line 92700 (wfb::environment romania current_issues "water pollution" );; line 92700 (wfb::environment romania current_issues "air pollution in south from industrial effluents" );; line 92700 (wfb::environment romania current_issues "contamination of Danube delta wetlands" );; line 92700 (wfb::environment romania natural_hazards "earthquakes most severe in south and southwest" );; line 92703 (wfb::environment romania natural_hazards "geologic structure and climate promote landslides" );; line 92703 (wfb::environment romania international_agreements "party to - Air Pollution, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands" );; line 92706 (wfb::environment romania international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Law of the Sea" );; line 92706 (wfb::note romania "controls most easily traversable land route between the Balkans, Moldova, and Ukraine" );; line 92713 (wfb::estimation-date population romania date_jul_1995 );; line 92720 (wfb::population romania 23198330 );; line 92720 (wfb::comment population romania "the Romanian census of January 1992 gives the population for that date as 22.749 million; the government estimates that population declined in 1993 by 0.3%" );; line 92722 (wfb::age_structure romania 0-14_years (* 21 %) );; line 92729 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex romania 0-14_years female 2413933 );; line 92729 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex romania 0-14_years male 2534019 );; line 92729 (wfb::age_structure romania 15-64_years (* 67 %) );; line 92731 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex romania 15-64_years female 7737531 );; line 92731 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex romania 15-64_years male 7732038 );; line 92731 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure romania 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 92733 (wfb::age_structure romania 65_years_and_over (* 12 %) );; line 92733 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex romania 65_years_and_over female 1604210 );; line 92733 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex romania 65_years_and_over male 1176599 );; line 92733 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate romania date_1995 );; line 92737 (wfb::population_growth_rate romania (* 0.09 %) );; line 92737 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate romania date_1995 );; line 92741 (wfb::birth_rate romania (* 13.71 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 92741 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate romania date_1995 );; line 92745 (wfb::death_rate romania (* 9.93 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 92745 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate romania date_1995 );; line 92749 (wfb::net_migration_rate romania (* -2.88 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 92749 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate romania date_1995 );; line 92753 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate romania (* 18.7 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 92753 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth romania total_population (* 72.24 years) );; line 92758 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth romania male (* 69.31 years) );; line 92760 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth romania female date_1995 );; line 92762 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth romania female (* 75.35 years) );; line 92762 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate romania date_1995 );; line 92766 (wfb::total_fertility_rate romania (* 1.82 children_born/woman) );; line 92766 (wfb::nationality romania noun "Romanian(s)" );; line 92771 (wfb::nationality romania adjective "Romanian" );; line 92773 (wfb::ethnic-entity romania romanian (* 89.1 %) );; line 92777 (wfb::ethnic-entity romania hungarian (* 8.9 %) );; line 92777 (wfb::ethnic-entity romania german-ethnic-entity (* 0.4 %) );; line 92777 (wfb::ethnic-entity romania union18 (* 1.6 %) );; line 92777 (wfb::religion romania romanian_orthodox (* 70 %) );; line 92782 (wfb::comment religion "of which 3% are Uniate" );; line 92782 (wfb::religion romania roman_catholic (* 6 %) );; line 92782 (wfb::religion romania protestant (* 6 %) );; line 92782 (wfb::religion romania unaffiliated (* 18 %) );; line 92782 (wfb::language romania romanian-language-group n/a );; line 92787 (wfb::language romania hungarian-language-group n/a );; line 92787 (wfb::language romania german n/a );; line 92787 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition romania date_1992 );; line 92791 (wfb::literacy-condition romania "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 92791 (wfb::literacy romania total_population (* 97 %) );; line 92793 (wfb::literacy romania male (* 98 %) );; line 92795 (wfb::literacy romania female (* 95 %) );; line 92797 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force romania date_1992 );; line 92801 (wfb::total_labor_force romania 11.3e6 );; line 92801 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force romania by_occupation date_1989 );; line 92803 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1989 );; line 92803 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation romania industry (* 38 %) );; line 92803 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation romania agriculture (* 28 %) );; line 92803 (wfb::names romania conventional_short_form "Romania" );; line 92811 (wfb::names romania local_short_form "Romania" );; line 92815 (wfb::digraph romania "RO" );; line 92819 (wfb::type romania "republic" );; line 92823 (wfb::capital romania bucharest-romania );; line 92827 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_romania_counties "counties" "judete" "judet" );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_divisions romania adm_div_romania_counties 40 );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_romania_municipality "municipality" "n/a" "municipiu" );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_divisions romania adm_div_romania_municipality 1 );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_division_of romania adm_div_romania_counties "Alba" );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_division_of romania adm_div_romania_counties "Arad" );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_division_of romania adm_div_romania_counties "Arges" );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_division_of romania adm_div_romania_counties "Bacau" );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_division_of romania adm_div_romania_counties "Bihor" );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_division_of romania adm_div_romania_counties "Bistrita-Nasaud" );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_division_of romania adm_div_romania_counties "Botosani" );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_division_of romania adm_div_romania_counties "Braila" );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_division_of romania adm_div_romania_counties "Brasov" );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_division_of romania adm_div_romania_municipality "Bucuresti" );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_division_of romania adm_div_romania_counties "Buzau" );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_division_of romania adm_div_romania_counties "Calarasi" );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_division_of romania adm_div_romania_counties "Caras-Severin" );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_division_of romania adm_div_romania_counties "Cluj" );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_division_of romania adm_div_romania_counties "Constanta" );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_division_of romania adm_div_romania_counties "Covasna" );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_division_of romania adm_div_romania_counties "Dimbovita" );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_division_of romania adm_div_romania_counties "Dolj" );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_division_of romania adm_div_romania_counties "Galati" );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_division_of romania adm_div_romania_counties "Gorj" );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_division_of romania adm_div_romania_counties "Giurgiu" );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_division_of romania adm_div_romania_counties "Harghita" );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_division_of romania adm_div_romania_counties "Hunedoara" );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_division_of romania adm_div_romania_counties "Ialomita" );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_division_of romania adm_div_romania_counties "Iasi" );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_division_of romania adm_div_romania_counties "Maramures" );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_division_of romania adm_div_romania_counties "Mehedinti" );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_division_of romania adm_div_romania_counties "Mures" );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_division_of romania adm_div_romania_counties "Neamt" );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_division_of romania adm_div_romania_counties "Olt" );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_division_of romania adm_div_romania_counties "Prahova" );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_division_of romania adm_div_romania_counties "Salaj" );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_division_of romania adm_div_romania_counties "Satu Mare" );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_division_of romania adm_div_romania_counties "Sibiu" );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_division_of romania adm_div_romania_counties "Suceava" );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_division_of romania adm_div_romania_counties "Teleorman" );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_division_of romania adm_div_romania_counties "Timis" );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_division_of romania adm_div_romania_counties "Tulcea" );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_division_of romania adm_div_romania_counties "Vaslui" );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_division_of romania adm_div_romania_counties "Vilcea" );; line 92831 (wfb::administrative_division_of romania adm_div_romania_counties "Vrancea" );; line 92831 (wfb::comment independence romania "; republic proclaimed 30 December 1947" );; line 92840 (wfb::independence romania date_1881 "Turkey" );; line 92840 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1990 );; line 92844 (wfb::comment national_holiday romania "1990" );; line 92844 (wfb::national_holiday romania "National Day of Romania" date_1_dec );; line 92844 (wfb::constitution romania "8 December 1991" );; line 92848 (wfb::legal_system romania "former mixture of civil law system and Communist legal theory; is now based on the Constitution of France's Fifth Republic" );; line 92852 (wfb::comment suffrage romania " universal" );; line 92857 (wfb::suffrage romania (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 92857 (wfb::comment executive_branch romania chief_of_state "election last held 27 September 1992, with runoff between top two candidates on 11 October 1992 (next to be held NA 1996)" );; line 92862 (wfb::comment executive_branch romania chief_of_state "results - Ion ILIESCU 61.4%, Emil CONSTANTINESCU 38.6%" );; line 92862 (wfb::executive_branch romania head_of_government "Prime Minister Nicolae VACAROIU " date_nov_1992 );; line 92868 (wfb::comment executive_branch romania cabinet "appointed by the prime minister" );; line 92870 (wfb::executive_branch romania cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 92870 (wfb::legislative_structure romania bicameral "Parliament" );; line 92874 (wfb::legislative_branch romania "Senate (Senat)" "elections last held 27 September 1992 (next to be held NA 1996); results - PSDR 34.3%, CDR 18.2%, DP-FSN 12.6%, others 34.9%; seats - (143 total) PSDR 49, CDR 26, DP-FSN 18, PUNR 13, UDMR 12, PRM 6, PAC 6, PDAR 5, PSM 5, PL-93 2 other 1" );; line 92876 (wfb::legislative_branch romania "House of Deputies (Adunarea Deputatilor)" "elections last held 27 September 1992 (next to be held NA 1996); results - PSDR 34.0%, CDR 16,4%, DP-FSN 12.3%, others 37.3%; seats - (341 total) PSDR 116, CDR 56, DP-FSN 42, PUNR 29, UDMR 27, PL-93 19, PRM 15, PSM 13, PAC 5, other 19" );; line 92881 (wfb::judicial_branch romania "Supreme Court of Justice, Constitutional Court" );; line 92888 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders romania "Democratic Party (DP-FSN), Petre ROMAN; Social Democratic Party of Romania (PSDR), Adrian NASTASE; Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania (UDMR), Bela MARKO; National Liberal Party (PNL), Mircea IONESCU-QUINTUS; National Peasants' Christian and Democratic Party (PNTCD), Corneliu COPOSU; Romanian National Unity Party (PUNR), Gheorghe FUNAR; Socialist Labor Party (PSM), Ilie VERDET; Agrarian Democratic Party of Romania (PDAR), Victor SURDU; The Democratic Convention (CDR), Emil CONSTANTINESCU; Romania Mare Party (PRM), Corneliu Vadim TUDOR; Civic Alliance Party (PAC), Nicolae MANOLESCU, chairman" );; line 92892 (wfb::comment political_parties_and_leaders romania "numerous other small parties exist but almost all failed to gain representation in the most recent election" );; line 92902 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups romania "various human rights and professional associations" );; line 92907 (wfb::member_of romania acct );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania bis );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania bsec );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania ccc );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania ce );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania cei );; line 92911 (wfb::comment member_of romania cei "associate members" );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania ebrd );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania ece );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania fao );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania g-_9 );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania g-77 );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania gatt );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania iaea );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania ibrd );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania icao );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania icftu );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania icrm );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania ifad );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania ifc );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania ifrcs );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania ilo );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania imf );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania imo );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania inmarsat );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania intelsat );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania interpol );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania ioc );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania iom );; line 92911 (wfb::comment member_of romania iom "observer" );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania iso );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania itu );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania nacc );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania nam );; line 92911 (wfb::comment member_of romania nam "guest" );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania nsg );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania oas );; line 92911 (wfb::comment member_of romania oas "observer" );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania osce );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania pca );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania pfp );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania un );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania unctad );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania unesco );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania unido );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania unikom );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania unosom );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania upu );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania wcl );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania weu );; line 92911 (wfb::comment member_of romania weu "associate partner" );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania wftu );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania who );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania wipo );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania wmo );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania wto );; line 92911 (wfb::member_of romania zc );; line 92911 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us romania chief_of_mission "Ambassador Mihai Horia BOTEZ" );; line 92921 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us romania chancery "1607 23rd Street NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 92923 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us romania telephone "[1] (202) 332-4846, 4848, 4851" );; line 92925 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us romania fax "[1] (202) 232-4748" );; line 92927 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us romania |consulate(s) general| "Los Angeles and New York" );; line 92929 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation romania chief_of_mission "Ambassador Alfred H. MOSES" );; line 92934 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation romania embassy "Strada Tudor Arghezi 7-9, Bucharest" );; line 92936 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation romania mailing_address "American Consulate General (Bucharest), Unit 1315, Bucharest; APO AE 09213-1315" );; line 92938 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation romania telephone "[40] (1) 210 01 49, 210 40 42" );; line 92941 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation romania fax "[40] (1) 210 03 95" );; line 92943 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation romania branch_office "Cluj-Napoca" );; line 92945 (wfb::flag romania "three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, and red; the national coat of arms that used to be centered in the yellow band has been removed; now similar to the flags of Andorra and Chad" );; line 92949 (wfb::overview romania "Despite the continuing difficulties in moving away from the former command system, the Romanian economy seems to have bottomed out in 1993-94. Market oriented reforms have been introduced fitfully since the downfall of CEAUSESCU in December 1989, with the result a growing private sector, especially in services. The slow pace of structural reform, however, has exacerbated Romania's high inflation rate and eroded real wages. Agricultural production rebounded in 1993 from the drought-reduced harvest of 1992. The economy continued its recovery in 1994, further gains being realized in agriculture, construction, services, and trade. Food supplies are adequate but expensive. Romania's infrastructure had deteriorated over the last five years due to reduced levels of public investment. Residents of the capital reported frequent disruptions of heating and water services. The slow and painful process of conversion to a more open economy will continue in 1995." );; line 92956 (wfb::estimation-date national_product romania date_1994 );; line 92972 (wfb::national_product romania (* 64.7e9 $) );; line 92972 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate romania date_1994 );; line 92976 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate romania (* 3.4 %) );; line 92976 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita romania date_1994 );; line 92980 (wfb::national_product_per_capita romania (* 2790 $) );; line 92980 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| romania "62% (1994)" );; line 92984 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate romania date_dec_1994 );; line 92988 (wfb::unemployment_rate romania (* 10.9 %) );; line 92988 (wfb::budget romania revenues (* 8.3e9 $) );; line 92993 (wfb::estimation-date budget romania date_1995 );; line 92995 (wfb::budget romania expenditures (* 9.4e9 $) );; line 92995 (wfb::budget romania capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 92995 (wfb::exports romania (* 6e9 $) );; line 92999 (wfb::measurement-date exports romania date_1994 );; line 93001 (wfb::exports romania commodities metals_and_metal_products (* 17.6 %) );; line 93001 (wfb::exports romania commodities mineral_products (* 11.9 %) );; line 93001 (wfb::exports romania commodities textiles-commodity (* 18.5 %) );; line 93001 (wfb::exports romania commodities electric_machines_and_equipment (* 8.4 %) );; line 93001 (wfb::exports romania commodities transport_materials (* 6.5 %) );; line 93001 (wfb::measurement-date exports romania date_1993 );; line 93004 (wfb::exports romania partners ec (* 36.1 %) );; line 93004 (wfb::exports romania partners developing_countries (* 27.4 %) );; line 93004 (wfb::exports romania partners east_and_central_europe (* 14.9 %) );; line 93004 (wfb::exports romania partners efta-georef (* 5.1 %) );; line 93004 (wfb::exports romania partners russia (* 5 %) );; line 93004 (wfb::exports romania partners japan (* 1.4 %) );; line 93004 (wfb::exports romania partners us (* 1.3 %) );; line 93004 (wfb::imports romania (* 6.3e9 $) );; line 93009 (wfb::measurement-date imports romania date_1994 );; line 93011 (wfb::imports romania commodities minerals (* 21.1 %) );; line 93011 (wfb::imports romania commodities machinery_and_equipment (* 19.7 %) );; line 93011 (wfb::imports romania commodities textiles-commodity (* 11.5 %) );; line 93011 (wfb::imports romania commodities agricultural_goods (* 9.2 %) );; line 93011 (wfb::measurement-date imports romania date_1993 );; line 93014 (wfb::imports romania partners ec (* 45.8 %) );; line 93014 (wfb::imports romania partners east_and_central_europe (* 8.6 %) );; line 93014 (wfb::imports romania partners developing_countries (* 22.6 %) );; line 93014 (wfb::imports romania partners russia (* 11 %) );; line 93014 (wfb::imports romania partners efta-georef (* 6.2 %) );; line 93014 (wfb::imports romania partners us (* 5.0 %) );; line 93014 (wfb::imports romania partners japan (* 0.8 %) );; line 93014 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt romania date_1994 );; line 93019 (wfb::external_debt romania (* 4.4e9 $) );; line 93019 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 93023 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production romania date_1993 );; line 93023 (wfb::industrial_production romania growth_rate (* -1 %) );; line 93023 (wfb::industrial_production romania accounts_for (* 45 %_of_gdp) );; line 93023 (wfb::electricity romania capacity (* 22180000 kw) );; line 93028 (wfb::electricity romania production (* 50.8e9 kwh) );; line 93030 (wfb::measurement-date electricity romania consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 93032 (wfb::electricity romania consumption_per_capita (* 2076 kwh) );; line 93032 (wfb::industry romania mining );; line 93036 (wfb::industry romania timber-industry );; line 93036 (wfb::industry romania construction_materials-industry );; line 93036 (wfb::industry romania metallurgy );; line 93036 (wfb::industry romania chemicals );; line 93036 (wfb::industry romania machine_building );; line 93036 (wfb::industry romania food_processing );; line 93036 (wfb::industry romania petroleum_production_and_refining );; line 93036 (wfb::agriculture romania "accounts for 18% of GDP and 28% of labor force; major wheat and corn producer; other products - sugar beets, sunflower seed, potatoes, milk, eggs, meat, grapes" );; line 93041 (wfb::illicit_drugs romania "transshipment point for southwest Asian heroin and Latin American cocaine transiting the Balkan route" );; line 93047 (wfb::economic_aid romania "$NA" );; line 93052 (wfb::abbreviation leu "L" );; line 93056 (wfb::currency romania leu 100 bani );; line 93056 (wfb::exchange_rates romania "lei (L) per US$1 - 1,776.00 (January 1995), 1,655.09 (1994), 760.05 (1993), 307.95 (1992), 76.39 (1991), 22.432 (1990)" );; line 93060 (wfb::fiscal_year romania date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 93065 (wfb::railroads romania total "11,365 km" );; line 93071 (wfb::railroads romania broad_gauge "45 km 1.524-m gauge" );; line 93073 (wfb::railroads romania standard_gauge "10,893 km 1.435-m gauge (3,723 km electrified; 3,060 km double track)" );; line 93075 (wfb::railroads romania narrow_gauge "427 km 0.760-m gauge (1994)" );; line 93078 (wfb::highways romania total (* 461880 km) );; line 93083 (wfb::comment highways romania paved "113 km of expressways" );; line 93085 (wfb::measurement-date highways romania date_1992 );; line 93087 (wfb::inland_waterways romania "1,724 km (1984)" );; line 93091 (wfb::measurement-date pipelines date_1992 );; line 93095 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 2800 km) );; line 93095 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 1429 km) );; line 93095 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 6400 km) );; line 93095 (wfb::port romania braila-romania );; line 93100 (wfb::port romania constanta-romania );; line 93100 (wfb::port romania galatz-romania );; line 93100 (wfb::port romania mangalia-romania );; line 93100 (wfb::port romania sulina-romania );; line 93100 (wfb::port romania tulcea-romania );; line 93100 (wfb::merchant_marine romania total "238 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 2,528,971 GRT/3,849,943 DWT" );; line 93105 (wfb::merchant_marine romania ships_by_type "bulk 46, cargo 167, container 2, oil tanker 14, passenger-cargo 1, railcar carrier 1, roll-on/roll-off cargo 7" );; line 93108 (wfb::comment merchant_marine romania "in addition, Romania owns 20 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,207,388 DWT that operate under Liberian, Maltese, Cypriot, and Bahamian registry" );; line 93111 (wfb::airports romania total 156 );; line 93118 (wfb::airports romania |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 4 );; line 93120 (wfb::airports romania |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 9 );; line 93122 (wfb::airports romania |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 14 );; line 93124 (wfb::airports romania |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 3 );; line 93126 (wfb::airports romania |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 1 );; line 93128 (wfb::airports romania |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 17 );; line 93130 (wfb::airports romania with_unpaved_runways_under_914_m 108 );; line 93132 (wfb::telephone_system romania "about 2.3 million telephones; 99 telephones/1,000 persons; 89% of phone network is automatic; poor service; cable and open wire" );; line 93137 (wfb::telephone_system romania local "NA" );; line 93140 (wfb::telephone_system romania intercity "trunk network is microwave; roughly 3,300 villages with no service (February 1990)" );; line 93142 (wfb::telephone_system romania international "1 INTELSAT earth station; new digital international direct dial exchanges are in Bucharest (1993)" );; line 93145 (wfb::radio romania broadcast_stations am 12 );; line 93151 (wfb::radio romania broadcast_stations fm 5 );; line 93151 (wfb::radio romania broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 93151 (wfb::radio romania radios n/a );; line 93153 (wfb::measurement-date television romania broadcast_stations date_1990 );; line 93158 (wfb::television romania broadcast_stations 13 );; line 93158 (wfb::television romania televisions n/a );; line 93160 (wfb::defense_branch romania army_romania );; line 93166 (wfb::defense_branch romania navy_romania );; line 93166 (wfb::defense_branch romania air_and_air_defense_forces_romania );; line 93166 (wfb::defense_branch romania paramilitary_forces_romania );; line 93166 (wfb::defense_branch romania civil_defense_romania );; line 93166 (wfb::manpower_availability romania "males age 15-49 5,934,524; males fit for military service 5,002,287; males reach military age (20) annually 196,587 (1995 est.)" );; line 93171 (wfb::markup-parameter figure russia "graphno=\"rs.tif\"" );; line 93184 (wfb::location russia "Northern Asia (that part west of the Urals is sometimes included with Europe), bordering the Arctic Ocean, between Europe and the North Pacific Ocean" );; line 93188 (wfb::map_references russia "Asia" );; line 93194 (wfb::area russia total_area (* 17075200 sq_km) );; line 93199 (wfb::area russia land_area (* 16995800 sq_km) );; line 93201 (wfb::area russia comparative_area "slightly more than 1.8 times the size of the US" );; line 93203 (wfb::borders russia total (* 20139 km) );; line 93207 (wfb::borders russia azerbaijan (* 284 km) );; line 93207 (wfb::borders russia belarus (* 959 km) );; line 93207 (wfb::borders russia |China (southeast)| (* 3605 km) );; line 93207 (wfb::borders russia |China (south)| (* 40 km) );; line 93207 (wfb::borders russia estonia (* 290 km) );; line 93207 (wfb::borders russia finland (* 1313 km) );; line 93207 (wfb::borders russia georgia (* 723 km) );; line 93207 (wfb::borders russia kazakhstan (* 6846 km) );; line 93207 (wfb::borders russia north_korea (* 19 km) );; line 93207 (wfb::borders russia latvia (* 217 km) );; line 93207 (wfb::borders russia |Lithuania (Kaliningrad Oblast)| (* 227 km) );; line 93207 (wfb::borders russia mongolia (* 3441 km) );; line 93207 (wfb::borders russia norway (* 167 km) );; line 93207 (wfb::borders russia |Poland (Kaliningrad Oblast)| (* 432 km) );; line 93207 (wfb::borders russia ukraine (* 1576 km) );; line 93207 (wfb::coastline russia (* 37653 km) );; line 93215 (wfb::maritime_claims russia exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 93222 (wfb::maritime_claims russia territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 93224 (wfb::international_disputes russia "inherited disputes from former USSR including: sections of the boundary with China" );; line 93228 (wfb::international_disputes russia "islands of Etorofu, Kunashiri, and Shikotan and the Habomai group occupied by the Soviet Union in 1945, administered by Russia, claimed by Japan" );; line 93228 (wfb::international_disputes russia "maritime dispute with Norway over portion of the Barents Sea" );; line 93228 (wfb::international_disputes russia "Caspian Sea boundaries are not yet determined" );; line 93228 (wfb::international_disputes russia "potential dispute with Ukraine over Crimea" );; line 93228 (wfb::international_disputes russia "Estonia claims over 2,000 sq km of Russian territory in the Narva and Pechora regions" );; line 93228 (wfb::international_disputes russia "the Abrene section of the border ceded by the Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic to Russia in 1944" );; line 93228 (wfb::international_disputes russia "has made no territorial claim in Antarctica (but has reserved the right to do so) and does not recognize the claims of any other nation" );; line 93228 (wfb::climate russia "ranges from steppes in the south through humid continental in much of European Russia" );; line 93241 (wfb::climate russia "subarctic in Siberia to tundra climate in the polar north" );; line 93241 (wfb::climate russia "winters vary from cool along Black Sea coast to frigid in Siberia" );; line 93241 (wfb::climate russia "summers vary from warm in the steppes to cool along Arctic coast" );; line 93241 (wfb::terrain russia "broad plain with low hills west of Urals" );; line 93248 (wfb::terrain russia "vast coniferous forest and tundra in Siberia" );; line 93248 (wfb::terrain russia "uplands and mountains along southern border regions" );; line 93248 (wfb::natural-resource russia wide_natural_resource_base_including_major_deposits_of_oil );; line 93253 (wfb::natural-resource russia natural_gas );; line 93253 (wfb::natural-resource russia coal );; line 93253 (wfb::natural-resource russia many_strategic_minerals );; line 93253 (wfb::natural-resource russia timber );; line 93253 (wfb::comment natural_resources russia "formidable obstacles of climate, terrain, and distance hinder exploitation of natural resources" );; line 93256 (wfb::land_use russia arable_land (* 8 %) );; line 93262 (wfb::land_use russia meadows_and_pastures (* 5 %) );; line 93266 (wfb::land_use russia forest_and_woodland (* 45 %) );; line 93268 (wfb::land_use russia other (* 42 %) );; line 93270 (wfb::measurement-date irrigated_land russia date_1992 );; line 93274 (wfb::irrigated_land russia (* 56000 sq_km) );; line 93274 (wfb::environment russia current_issues "air pollution from heavy industry, emissions of coal-fired electric plants, and transportation in major cities" );; line 93279 (wfb::environment russia current_issues "industrial and agricultural pollution of inland waterways and sea coasts" );; line 93279 (wfb::environment russia current_issues "deforestation" );; line 93279 (wfb::environment russia current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 93279 (wfb::environment russia current_issues "soil contamination from improper application of agricultural chemicals" );; line 93279 (wfb::environment russia current_issues "scattered areas of sometimes intense radioactive contamination" );; line 93279 (wfb::environment russia natural_hazards "permafrost over much of Siberia is a major impediment to development" );; line 93285 (wfb::environment russia natural_hazards "volcanic activity in the Kuril Islands" );; line 93285 (wfb::environment russia natural_hazards "volcanoes and earthquakes on the Kamchatka Peninsula" );; line 93285 (wfb::environment russia international_agreements "party to - Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Antarctic Treaty, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands, Whaling" );; line 93289 (wfb::environment russia international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Biodiversity, Law of the Sea" );; line 93289 (wfb::note russia "largest country in the world in terms of area but unfavorably located in relation to major sea lanes of the world; despite its size, much of the country lacks proper soils and climates (either too cold or too dry) for agriculture" );; line 93298 (wfb::estimation-date population russia date_jul_1995 );; line 93307 (wfb::population russia 149909089 );; line 93307 (wfb::comment population russia "official Russian statistics put the population at 148,200,000 for 1994" );; line 93309 (wfb::age_structure russia 0-14_years (* 22 %) );; line 93315 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex russia 0-14_years female 16208640 );; line 93315 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex russia 0-14_years male 16784017 );; line 93315 (wfb::age_structure russia 15-64_years (* 66 %) );; line 93317 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex russia 15-64_years female 50711209 );; line 93317 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex russia 15-64_years male 48247101 );; line 93317 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure russia 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 93319 (wfb::age_structure russia 65_years_and_over (* 12 %) );; line 93319 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex russia 65_years_and_over female 12557447 );; line 93319 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex russia 65_years_and_over male 5400675 );; line 93319 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate russia date_1995 );; line 93323 (wfb::population_growth_rate russia (* 0.2 %) );; line 93323 (wfb::comment population_growth_rate russia "official Russian statistics put the population growth rate at -6.0% for 1994" );; line 93325 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate russia date_1995 );; line 93330 (wfb::birth_rate russia (* 12.64 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 93330 (wfb::comment birth_rate russia "official Russian statistics put the birth rate at 9.5 births per l,000 population for 1994" );; line 93332 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate russia date_1995 );; line 93337 (wfb::death_rate russia (* 11.36 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 93337 (wfb::comment death_rate russia "official Russian statistics put the death rate at 15.5 deaths per l,000 population in 1994" );; line 93339 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate russia date_1995 );; line 93344 (wfb::net_migration_rate russia (* 0.7 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 93344 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate russia date_1995 );; line 93348 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate russia (* 26.4 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 93348 (wfb::comment infant_mortality_rate russia "official Russian statistics put the infant mortality rate at 19.9 deaths per l,000 live births in 1994" );; line 93350 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth russia total_population (* 69.1 years) );; line 93356 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth russia male (* 64.1 years) );; line 93358 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth russia female date_1995 );; line 93360 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth russia female (* 74.35 years) );; line 93360 (wfb::comment life_expectancy_at_birth russia "official Russian statistics put life expectancy at birth as 64 years for total population in 1994" );; line 93362 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate russia date_1995 );; line 93367 (wfb::total_fertility_rate russia (* 1.82 children_born/woman) );; line 93367 (wfb::nationality russia noun "Russian(s)" );; line 93372 (wfb::nationality russia adjective "Russian" );; line 93374 (wfb::ethnic-entity russia russian (* 81.5 %) );; line 93378 (wfb::ethnic-entity russia tatar (* 3.8 %) );; line 93378 (wfb::ethnic-entity russia ukrainian (* 3 %) );; line 93378 (wfb::ethnic-entity russia chuvash (* 1.2 %) );; line 93378 (wfb::ethnic-entity russia bashkir (* 0.9 %) );; line 93378 (wfb::ethnic-entity russia byelorussian (* 0.8 %) );; line 93378 (wfb::ethnic-entity russia moldavian (* 0.7 %) );; line 93378 (wfb::religion russia russian_orthodox n/a );; line 93383 (wfb::religion russia muslim n/a );; line 93383 (wfb::language russia russian-language-group n/a );; line 93387 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition russia date_1989 );; line 93391 (wfb::literacy-condition russia "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 93391 (wfb::literacy russia total_population (* 98 %) );; line 93393 (wfb::literacy russia male (* 100 %) );; line 93395 (wfb::literacy russia female (* 97 %) );; line 93397 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force russia date_1993 );; line 93401 (wfb::total_labor_force russia 85e6 );; line 93401 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation russia production_and_economic_services (* 83.9 %) );; line 93403 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation russia government (* 16.1 %) );; line 93403 (wfb::names russia conventional_long_form "Russian Federation" );; line 93409 (wfb::names russia conventional_short_form "Russia" );; line 93411 (wfb::names russia local_long_form "Rossiyskaya Federatsiya" );; line 93413 (wfb::names russia local_short_form "Rossiya" );; line 93415 (wfb::names russia former "Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic" );; line 93417 (wfb::digraph russia "RS" );; line 93421 (wfb::type russia "federation" );; line 93425 (wfb::capital russia moscow-russia );; line 93429 (wfb::comment administrative_divisions russia "the autonomous republics of Chechnya and Ingushetia were formerly the autonomous republic of Checheno-Ingushetia (the boundary between Chechenia and Ingushetia has yet to be determined); the cities of Moscow and St. Petersburg are federal cities; an administrative division has the same name as its administrative center (exceptions have the administrative center name following in parentheses)" );; line 93455 (wfb::independence russia date_24_aug_1991 "Soviet Union" );; line 93464 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1990 );; line 93468 (wfb::comment national_holiday russia "1990" );; line 93468 (wfb::national_holiday russia "Independence Day" date_jun_12 );; line 93468 (wfb::constitution russia "adopted 12 December 1993" );; line 93472 (wfb::legal_system russia "based on civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts" );; line 93476 (wfb::comment suffrage russia " universal" );; line 93480 (wfb::suffrage russia (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 93480 (wfb::comment executive_branch russia chief_of_state "election last held 12 June 1991 (next to be held NA 1996)" );; line 93485 (wfb::comment executive_branch russia chief_of_state "results - percent of vote by party NA" );; line 93485 (wfb::comment executive_branch russia chief_of_state "note - no vice president" );; line 93485 (wfb::comment executive_branch russia chief_of_state "if the president dies in office, cannot exercise his powers because of ill health, is impeached, or resigns, the premier succeeds him" );; line 93485 (wfb::comment executive_branch russia chief_of_state "the premier serves as acting president until a new presidential election is held, which must be within three months" );; line 93485 (wfb::executive_branch russia chief_of_state "President Boris Nikolayevich YEL'TSIN " date_12_jun_1991 );; line 93485 (wfb::comment executive_branch russia head_of_government "First Deputy Chairmen of the Council of Ministers Oleg SOSKOVETS (since 30 April 1993) and Anatoliy CHUBAYS (since 5 November 1994)" );; line 93492 (wfb::executive_branch russia head_of_government "Premier and Chairman of the Council of Ministers Viktor Stepanovich CHERNOMYRDIN " date_14_dec_1992 );; line 93492 (wfb::executive_branch russia security_council "originally established as a presidential advisory body in June 1991, but restructured in March 1992 with responsibility for managing individual and state security" );; line 93497 (wfb::executive_branch russia presidential_administration "drafts presidential edicts and provides staff and policy support to the entire executive branch" );; line 93501 (wfb::comment executive_branch russia cabinet "appointed by the president" );; line 93504 (wfb::executive_branch russia cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 93504 (wfb::executive_branch russia group_of_assistants "schedules president's appointments, processes presidential edicts and other official documents, and houses the president's press service and primary speechwriters" );; line 93506 (wfb::executive_branch russia council_of_heads_of_republics "includes the leaders of the 21 ethnic-based Republics" );; line 93510 (wfb::executive_branch russia council_of_heads_of_administrations "includes the leaders of the 66 autonomous territories and regions, and the mayors of Moscow and St. Petersburg" );; line 93512 (wfb::executive_branch russia presidential_council "prepares policy papers for the president" );; line 93515 (wfb::legislative_structure russia bicameral "Federal Assembly" );; line 93519 (wfb::legislative_branch russia "Federation Council" "elections last held 12 December 1993 (next to be held NA); results - two members elected from each of Russia's 89 territorial units for a total of 176 deputies; 2 seats unfilled as of 15 May 1994 (Chechnya did not participate in the election); Speaker Vladimir SHUMEYKO (Russia's Democratic Choice)" );; line 93521 (wfb::legislative_branch russia "State Duma" "elections last held 12 December 1993 (next to be held NA December 1995); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (450 total) Russia's Democratic Choice 78, New Regional Policy 66, Liberal Democrats 63, Agrarian Party 55, Communist Party of the Russian Federation 45, Unity and Accord 30, Yavlinskiy-Boldyrev-Lukin Bloc (Yabloko) 27, Women of Russia 23, Democratic Party of Russia 15, Russia's Path 12, other parties 23, affiliation unknown 12, unfilled (as of 13 March 1994; Chechnya did not participate in the election) 1; Speaker Ivan RYBKIN (Agrarian Party); note - as of 11 April 1995, seats were as follows: Russia's Democratic Choice 54, New Regional Policy 32, Liberal Democrats 54, Agrarian Party 51, Communist Party of the Russian Federation 45, Unity and Accord 25, Yavlinskiy-Boldyrev-Lukin Bloc (Yabloko) 28, Liberal Democratic Union of 12 December 9, Women of Russia 22, Democratic Party of Russia 10, Russia's Path 12, Duma 96 23, Russia 35, Stability 36, affiliation unknown 14" );; line 93527 (wfb::judicial_branch russia "Constitutional Court, Supreme Court (highest court for criminal, civil, and administrative cases), Superior Court of Arbitration (highest court that resolves economic disputes)" );; line 93543 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders russia pro-market_democrats "Party of Russian Unity and Accord, Sergey SHAKHRAY; Russia's Democratic Choice Party, Yegor GAYDAR; Russian Movement for Democratic Reforms, Anatoliy SOBCHAK; Yavlinskiy-Boldyrev-Lukin Bloc (Yabloko), Grigoriy YAVLINSKIY; Liberal Democratic Union of 12 December, Boris FEDOROV" );; line 93550 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders russia centrists/special_interest_parties "Civic Union for Stability, Justice, and Progress, Arkadiy VOL'SKIY; Democratic Party of Russia, Sergey GLAZ'YEV; Women of Russia, Alevtina FEDULOVA; Social Democratic Peoples' Party, Vasiliy LIPITSKIY; New Regional Policy (NRP), Vladimir MEDVEDEV" );; line 93555 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders russia anti-market_and/or_ultranationalist_parties "Agrarian Party, Mikhail LAPSHIN; Communist Party of the Russian Federation, Gennadiy ZYUGANOV; Liberal Democratic Party of Russia, Vladimir ZHIRINOVSKIY; Derzhava, Aleksandr RUTSKOY" );; line 93560 (wfb::comment political_parties_and_leaders russia "more than 20 political parties and associations tried to gather enough signatures to run slates of candidates in the 12 December 1993 legislative elections, but only 13 succeeded" );; line 93564 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups russia "NA" );; line 93570 (wfb::member_of russia bsec );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia cbss );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia ccc );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia ce );; line 93574 (wfb::comment member_of russia ce "guest" );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia cern );; line 93574 (wfb::comment member_of russia cern "observer" );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia cis );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia ebrd );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia ece );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia escap );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia iaea );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia ibrd );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia icao );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia icrm );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia ida );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia ifc );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia ifrcs );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia ilo );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia imf );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia imo );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia inmarsat );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia intelsat );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia interpol );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia ioc );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia iom );; line 93574 (wfb::comment member_of russia iom "observer" );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia iso );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia itu );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia minurso );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia nacc );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia nsg );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia oas );; line 93574 (wfb::comment member_of russia oas "observer" );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia osce );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia pca );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia pfp );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia un );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia un_security_council );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia unamir );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia unctad );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia unesco );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia unido );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia unikom );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia unitar );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia unmih );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia unomoz );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia unprofor );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia untso );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia upu );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia who );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia wipo );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia wmo );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia wto );; line 93574 (wfb::member_of russia zc );; line 93574 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us russia chief_of_mission "Ambassador Sergey LAVROV" );; line 93583 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us russia chancery "2650 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20007" );; line 93585 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us russia telephone "[1] (202) 298-5700 through 5704" );; line 93587 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us russia fax "[1] (202) 298-5735" );; line 93589 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us russia |consulate(s) general| "New York, San Francisco, and Seattle" );; line 93591 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation russia chief_of_mission "Ambassador Thomas R. PICKERING" );; line 93596 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation russia embassy "Novinskiy Bul'var 19/23, Moscow" );; line 93598 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation russia mailing_address "APO AE 09721" );; line 93600 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation russia telephone "[7] (095) 252-24-51 through 59" );; line 93602 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation russia fax "[7] (095) 956-42-61" );; line 93604 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation russia |consulate(s) general| "St. Petersburg, Vladivostok, Yekaterinburg" );; line 93606 (wfb::flag russia "three equal horizontal bands of white (top), blue, and red" );; line 93610 (wfb::overview russia "Russia, a vast country with a wealth of natural resources, a well-educated population, and a diverse industrial base, continues to experience formidable difficulties in moving from its old centrally planned economy to a modern market economy. President YEL'TSIN's government has made substantial strides in converting to a market economy since launching its economic reform program in January 1992 by freeing nearly all prices, slashing defense spending, eliminating the old centralized distribution system, completing an ambitious voucher privatization program, establishing private financial institutions, and decentralizing foreign trade. Russia, however, has made little progress in a number of key areas that are needed to provide a solid foundation for the transition to a market economy. Financial stabilization has remained elusive, with wide swings in monthly inflation rates. Only limited restructuring of industry has occurred so far because of a scarcity of investment funds and the failure of enterprise managers to make hard cost-cutting decisions. In addition, Moscow has yet to develop a social safety net that would allow faster restructuring by relieving enterprises of the burden of providing social benefits for their workers and has been slow to develop the legal framework necessary to fully support a market economy and to encourage foreign investment. As a result, output has continued to fall. According to Russian official data, which probably overstate the fall, GDP declined by 15% in 1994 compared with a 12% decline in 1993. Industrial output in 1994 fell 21% with all major sectors taking a hit. Agricultural production in 1994 was down 9%. The grain harvest totaled 81 million tons, some 15 million tons less than in 1993. Unemployment climbed to an estimated 6.6 million or about 7% of the work force by yearend 1994. Floundering Russian firms have already had to put another 4.8 million workers on involuntary, unpaid leave or shortened workweeks. Government fears of large-scale unemployment continued to hamper industrial restructuring efforts. According to official Russian data, real per capita income was up nearly 18% in 1994 compared with 1993, in part because many Russians are working second jobs. Most Russians perceive that they are worse off now because of growing crime and health problems and mounting wage arrears. Russia has made significant headway in privatizing state assets, completing its voucher privatization program at midyear 1994. At least a portion of about 110,000 state enterprises were transferred to private hands by the end of 1994. Including partially privatized firms, the private sector accounted for roughly half of GDP in 1994. Financial stabilization continued to remain a challenge for the government. Moscow tightened financial policies in late 1993 and early 1994, including postponing planned budget spending, and succeeded in reducing monthly inflation from 18% in January to about 5% in July and August. At midyear, however, the government relaxed austerity measures in the face of mounting pressure from industry and agriculture, sparking a new round of inflation; the monthly inflation rate jumped to roughly 15% per month during the fourth quarter. In response, Moscow announced a fairly tight government budget for 1995 designed to bring monthly inflation down to around 1% by the end of 1995. According to official statistics, Russia's 1994 trade with nations outside the former Soviet Union produced a $12.3 billion surplus, up from $11.3 billion in 1993. Foreign sales - comprised largely of oil, natural gas, and other raw materials - grew more than 8%. Imports also were up 8% as demand for food and other consumer goods surged. Russian trade with other former Soviet republics continued to decline. At the same time, Russia paid only a fraction of the roughly $20 billion in debt that came due in 1994, and by the end of the year, Russia's hard currency foreign debt had risen to nearly $100 billion. Moscow reached agreement to restructure debts with Paris Club official creditors in mid-1994 and concluded a preliminary deal with its commercial bank creditors late in the year to reschedule debts owed them in early 1995. Capital flight continued to be a serious problem in 1994, with billions of additional dollars in assets being moved abroad, primarily to bank accounts in Europe. Russia's physical plant continues to deteriorate because of insufficient maintenance and new construction. Plant and equipment on average are twice the age of the West's. Many years will pass before Russia can take full advantage of its natural resources and its human assets." );; line 93615 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate russia date_1994 );; line 93685 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate russia (* -15 %) );; line 93685 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita russia date_1994 );; line 93689 (wfb::national_product_per_capita russia (* 4820 $) );; line 93689 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| russia "10% per month (average 1994)" );; line 93693 (wfb::budget russia revenues (* n/a $) );; line 93702 (wfb::budget russia expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 93704 (wfb::budget russia capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 93704 (wfb::exports russia (* 48e9 $) );; line 93708 (wfb::exports russia partners europe n/a );; line 93714 (wfb::exports russia partners north_america n/a );; line 93714 (wfb::exports russia partners japan n/a );; line 93714 (wfb::exports russia partners third_world_countries n/a );; line 93714 (wfb::exports russia partners cuba n/a );; line 93714 (wfb::imports russia (* 35.7e9 $) );; line 93718 (wfb::imports russia commodities machinery_and_equipment n/a );; line 93720 (wfb::imports russia commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 93720 (wfb::imports russia commodities medicines n/a );; line 93720 (wfb::imports russia commodities meat n/a );; line 93720 (wfb::imports russia commodities grain n/a );; line 93720 (wfb::imports russia commodities sugar-commodity n/a );; line 93720 (wfb::imports russia commodities semifinished_metal_products n/a );; line 93720 (wfb::imports russia partners europe n/a );; line 93723 (wfb::imports russia partners north_america n/a );; line 93723 (wfb::imports russia partners japan n/a );; line 93723 (wfb::imports russia partners third_world_countries n/a );; line 93723 (wfb::imports russia partners cuba n/a );; line 93723 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 93731 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production russia date_1994 );; line 93731 (wfb::industrial_production russia growth_rate (* -21 %) );; line 93731 (wfb::electricity russia capacity (* 213100000 kw) );; line 93736 (wfb::electricity russia production (* 876e9 kwh) );; line 93738 (wfb::measurement-date electricity russia consumption_per_capita date_1994 );; line 93740 (wfb::electricity russia consumption_per_capita (* 5800 kwh) );; line 93740 (wfb::industry russia complete_range_of_mining_and_extractive_industries_producing_coal );; line 93744 (wfb::industry russia oil );; line 93744 (wfb::industry russia gas-industry );; line 93744 (wfb::industry russia chemicals );; line 93744 (wfb::industry russia metals-industry );; line 93744 (wfb::industry russia all_forms_of_machine_building_from_rolling_mills_to_high-performance_aircraft_and_space_vehicles );; line 93744 (wfb::industry russia ship-_building );; line 93744 (wfb::industry russia road_and_rail_transportation_equipment );; line 93744 (wfb::industry russia communications_equipment );; line 93744 (wfb::industry russia agricultural_machinery );; line 93744 (wfb::industry russia tractors-industry );; line 93744 (wfb::industry russia construction_equipment );; line 93744 (wfb::industry russia electric_power_generating_and_transmitting_equipment );; line 93744 (wfb::industry russia medical_and_scientific_instruments );; line 93744 (wfb::industry russia consumer_durables );; line 93744 (wfb::agriculture russia "grain, sugar beets, sunflower seeds, meat, milk, vegetables, fruits; because of its northern location does not grow citrus, cotton, tea, and other warm climate products" );; line 93753 (wfb::illicit_drugs russia "illicit cultivator of cannabis and opium poppy; mostly for domestic consumption; government has active eradication program; used as transshipment point for Asian and Latin American illicit drugs to Western Europe and Latin America" );; line 93759 (wfb::economic_aid russia recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (1990-94), $15 billion; other countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1990-93), $120 billion" );; line 93767 (wfb::abbreviation ruble "R" );; line 93772 (wfb::currency russia ruble 100 kopeks );; line 93772 (wfb::exchange_rates russia "rubles per US$1 - 3,550 (29 December 1994), 1,247 (27 December 1993); nominal exchange rate still deteriorating but real exchange rate holding steady" );; line 93776 (wfb::fiscal_year russia date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 93782 (wfb::railroads russia total "154,000 km; note - 87,000 km in common carrier service (49,000 km diesel; and 38,000 km electrified); 67,000 km serve specific industries and are not available for common carrier use" );; line 93788 (wfb::railroads russia broad_gauge "154,000 km 1.520-m gauge (1 January 1994)" );; line 93792 (wfb::comment highways russia total "445,000 km serve specific industries or farms and are not available for common carrier use" );; line 93797 (wfb::highways russia paved_and_graveled (* 725000 km) );; line 93800 (wfb::measurement-date highways russia date_1_jan_1994 );; line 93802 (wfb::inland_waterways russia "total navigable routes in general use 101,000 km; routes with navigation guides serving the Russian River Fleet 95,900 km; of which routes with night navigational aids 60,400 km; man-made navigable routes 16,900 km (1 January 1994)" );; line 93806 (wfb::measurement-date pipelines date_30_jun_1993 );; line 93813 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 48000 km) );; line 93813 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 15000 km) );; line 93813 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 140000 km) );; line 93813 (wfb::port russia |Arkhangel'sk-russia| );; line 93818 (wfb::port russia |Astrakhan'-russia| );; line 93818 (wfb::port russia kaliningrad-russia );; line 93818 (wfb::port russia |Kazan'-russia| );; line 93818 (wfb::port russia khabarovsk-russia );; line 93818 (wfb::port russia kholmsk-russia );; line 93818 (wfb::port russia krasnoyarsk-russia );; line 93818 (wfb::port russia moscow-russia );; line 93818 (wfb::port russia murmansk-russia );; line 93818 (wfb::port russia nakhodka-russia );; line 93818 (wfb::port russia |Nevel'sk-russia| );; line 93818 (wfb::port russia novorossiysk-russia );; line 93818 (wfb::port russia petropavlovsk-russia );; line 93818 (wfb::port russia rostov-russia );; line 93818 (wfb::port russia sochi-russia );; line 93818 (wfb::port russia tuapse-russia );; line 93818 (wfb::port russia vladivostok-russia );; line 93818 (wfb::port russia volgograd-russia );; line 93818 (wfb::port russia vostochnyy-russia );; line 93818 (wfb::port russia vyborg-russia );; line 93818 (wfb::merchant_marine russia total "800 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 7,295,109 GRT/10,128,579 DWT" );; line 93826 (wfb::merchant_marine russia ships_by_type "barge carrier 2, bulk cargo 26, cargo 424, chemical tanker 7, combination bulk 22, combination ore/oil 16, container 81, multifunction large-load carrier 3, oil tanker 111, passenger 4, passenger-cargo 5, refrigerated cargo 19, roll-on/roll-off cargo 62, short-sea passenger 16, specialized tanker 2" );; line 93829 (wfb::comment merchant_marine russia "in addition, Russia owns 235 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 5,084,439 DWT that operate under Maltese, Cypriot, Liberian, Panamanian, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Honduran, Marshall Islands, Bahamian, and Vanuatu registry" );; line 93835 (wfb::airports russia total 2517 );; line 93843 (wfb::airports russia |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 54 );; line 93845 (wfb::airports russia |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 202 );; line 93847 (wfb::airports russia |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 108 );; line 93849 (wfb::airports russia |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 115 );; line 93851 (wfb::airports russia with_paved_runways_under_914_m 151 );; line 93853 (wfb::airports russia |with unpaved runways over 3,047 m| 25 );; line 93855 (wfb::airports russia |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 45 );; line 93857 (wfb::airports russia |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 134 );; line 93859 (wfb::airports russia |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 291 );; line 93861 (wfb::airports russia with_unpaved_runways_under_914_m 1392 );; line 93863 (wfb::telephone_system russia "24,400,000 telephones; 20,900,000 telephones in urban areas and 3,500,000 telephones in rural areas; of these, total installed in homes 15,400,000; total pay phones for long distant calls 34,100; about 164 telephones/1,000 persons; Russia is enlisting foreign help, by means of joint ventures, to speed up the modernization of its telecommunications system; in 1992, only 661,000 new telephones were installed compared with 855,000 in 1991, and in 1992 the number of unsatisfied applications for telephones reached 11,000,000; expanded access to international E-mail service available via Sprint network; the inadequacy of Russian telecommunications is a severe handicap to the economy, especially with respect to international connections" );; line 93868 (wfb::telephone_system russia local "NMT-450 analog cellular telephone networks are operational and growing in Moscow and St. Petersburg" );; line 93879 (wfb::telephone_system russia intercity "intercity fiberoptic cable installation remains limited" );; line 93882 (wfb::telephone_system russia international "international traffic is handled by an inadequate system of satellites, land lines, microwave radio relay and outdated submarine cables; this traffic passes through the international gateway switch in Moscow which carries most of the international traffic for the other countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States; a new Russian Raduga satellite will link Moscow and St. Petersburg with Rome from whence calls will be relayed to destinations in Europe and overseas; satellite earth stations - INTELSAT, Intersputnik, Eutelsat (Moscow), INMARSAT, Orbita" );; line 93884 (wfb::radio russia broadcast_stations am 1050 );; line 93896 (wfb::radio russia broadcast_stations fm 1050 );; line 93896 (wfb::radio russia broadcast_stations shortwave 1050 );; line 93896 (wfb::television russia broadcast_stations 7183 );; line 93904 (wfb::television russia televisions 54.2e6 );; line 93906 (wfb::defense_branch russia ground_forces_russia );; line 93912 (wfb::defense_branch russia navy_russia );; line 93912 (wfb::defense_branch russia air_forces_russia );; line 93912 (wfb::defense_branch russia air_defense_forces_russia );; line 93912 (wfb::defense_branch russia strategic_rocket_forces_russia );; line 93912 (wfb::manpower_availability russia "males age 15-49 38,264,699; males fit for military service 29,951,977; males reach military age (18) annually 1,106,176 (1995 est.)" );; line 93917 (wfb::comment defense_expenditures russia "the Intelligence Community estimates that defense spending in Russia fell about 15% in real terms in 1994, reducing Russian defense outlays to about one-fourth of peak Soviet levels in the late 1980s; although Russia may still spend as much as 10% of its GDP on defense, this is significantly below the 15% to 17% burden the former USSR carried during much of the 1980s; conversion of military expenditures into US dollars using the current exchange rate could produce misleading results" );; line 93924 (wfb::markup-parameter figure rwanda "graphno=\"rw.tif\"" );; line 93936 (wfb::location rwanda "Central Africa, east of Zaire" );; line 93940 (wfb::map_references rwanda "Africa" );; line 93944 (wfb::area rwanda total_area (* 26340 sq_km) );; line 93949 (wfb::area rwanda land_area (* 24950 sq_km) );; line 93951 (wfb::area rwanda comparative_area "slightly smaller than Maryland" );; line 93953 (wfb::borders rwanda total (* 893 km) );; line 93957 (wfb::borders rwanda burundi (* 290 km) );; line 93957 (wfb::borders rwanda tanzania (* 217 km) );; line 93957 (wfb::borders rwanda uganda (* 169 km) );; line 93957 (wfb::borders rwanda zaire (* 217 km) );; line 93957 (wfb::comment coastline rwanda "landlocked" );; line 93962 (wfb::coastline rwanda (* 0 km) );; line 93962 (wfb::maritime_claims rwanda "none; landlocked" );; line 93966 (wfb::international_disputes rwanda "none" );; line 93970 (wfb::climate rwanda "temperate" );; line 93974 (wfb::climate rwanda "two rainy seasons (February to April, November to January)" );; line 93974 (wfb::climate rwanda "mild in mountains with frost and snow possible" );; line 93974 (wfb::terrain rwanda "mostly grassy uplands and hills" );; line 93979 (wfb::terrain rwanda "relief is mountainous with altitude declining from west to east" );; line 93979 (wfb::natural-resource rwanda gold );; line 93984 (wfb::natural-resource rwanda |cassiterite (tin ore)| );; line 93984 (wfb::natural-resource rwanda |wolframite (tungsten ore)| );; line 93984 (wfb::natural-resource rwanda natural_gas );; line 93984 (wfb::natural-resource rwanda hydropower-natural-resource );; line 93984 (wfb::land_use rwanda arable_land (* 29 %) );; line 93990 (wfb::land_use rwanda permanent_crops (* 11 %) );; line 93992 (wfb::land_use rwanda meadows_and_pastures (* 18 %) );; line 93994 (wfb::land_use rwanda forest_and_woodland (* 10 %) );; line 93996 (wfb::land_use rwanda other (* 32 %) );; line 93998 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land rwanda date_1989 );; line 94002 (wfb::irrigated_land rwanda (* 40 sq_km) );; line 94002 (wfb::environment rwanda current_issues "deforestation results from uncontrolled cutting of trees for fuel" );; line 94007 (wfb::environment rwanda current_issues "overgrazing" );; line 94007 (wfb::environment rwanda current_issues "soil exhaustion" );; line 94007 (wfb::environment rwanda current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 94007 (wfb::environment rwanda natural_hazards "periodic droughts" );; line 94010 (wfb::environment rwanda natural_hazards "the volcanic Virunga mountains are in the northwest along the border with Zaire" );; line 94010 (wfb::environment rwanda international_agreements "party to - Endangered Species, Nuclear Test Ban" );; line 94013 (wfb::environment rwanda international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Law of the Sea" );; line 94013 (wfb::note rwanda "landlocked; predominantly rural population" );; line 94018 (wfb::estimation-date population rwanda date_jul_1995 );; line 94024 (wfb::population rwanda 8605307 );; line 94024 (wfb::comment population rwanda "the demographic estimates were prepared before civil strife, starting in April 1994, set in motion substantial and continuing population changes" );; line 94026 (wfb::age_structure rwanda 0-14_years (* 51 %) );; line 94033 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex rwanda 0-14_years female 2184549 );; line 94033 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex rwanda 0-14_years male 2201049 );; line 94033 (wfb::age_structure rwanda 15-64_years (* 47 %) );; line 94035 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex rwanda 15-64_years female 2034278 );; line 94035 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex rwanda 15-64_years male 1968298 );; line 94035 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure rwanda 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 94037 (wfb::age_structure rwanda 65_years_and_over (* 2 %) );; line 94037 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex rwanda 65_years_and_over female 126255 );; line 94037 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex rwanda 65_years_and_over male 90878 );; line 94037 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate rwanda date_1995 );; line 94041 (wfb::population_growth_rate rwanda (* 2.67 %) );; line 94041 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate rwanda date_1995 );; line 94045 (wfb::birth_rate rwanda (* 48.52 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 94045 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate rwanda date_1995 );; line 94049 (wfb::death_rate rwanda (* 21.82 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 94049 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate rwanda date_1995 );; line 94053 (wfb::net_migration_rate rwanda (* n/a |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 94053 (wfb::comment net_migration_rate rwanda "since April 1994, more than one million refugees have fled the civil strife between the Hutu and Tutsi factions in Rwanda and crossed into Zaire, Burundi, and Tanzania; close to 350,000 Rwandan Tutsis who fled civil strife in earlier years are returning to Rwanda and a few of the recent Hutu refugees are going home despite the danger of doing so; the ethnic violence continues and in 1995 could produce further refugee flows as well as deter returns" );; line 94055 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate rwanda date_1995 );; line 94065 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate rwanda (* 118.1 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 94065 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth rwanda total_population (* 39.33 years) );; line 94070 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth rwanda male (* 38.5 years) );; line 94072 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth rwanda female date_1995 );; line 94074 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth rwanda female (* 40.19 years) );; line 94074 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate rwanda date_1995 );; line 94078 (wfb::total_fertility_rate rwanda (* 8.12 children_born/woman) );; line 94078 (wfb::nationality rwanda noun "Rwandan(s)" );; line 94083 (wfb::nationality rwanda adjective "Rwandan" );; line 94085 (wfb::ethnic-entity rwanda hutu (* 90 %) );; line 94089 (wfb::ethnic-entity rwanda tutsi (* 9 %) );; line 94089 (wfb::ethnic-entity rwanda |Twa (Pygmoid)| (* 1 %) );; line 94089 (wfb::religion rwanda roman_catholic (* 65 %) );; line 94093 (wfb::religion rwanda protestant (* 9 %) );; line 94093 (wfb::religion rwanda muslim (* 1 %) );; line 94093 (wfb::religion rwanda indigenous_beliefs_and_other (* 25 %) );; line 94093 (wfb::language rwanda kinyarwanda n/a );; line 94098 (wfb::comment language rwanda kinyarwanda "official" );; line 94098 (wfb::language rwanda french n/a );; line 94098 (wfb::comment language rwanda french "official" );; line 94098 (wfb::language rwanda kiswahili_used_in_commercial_centers n/a );; line 94098 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition rwanda date_1990 );; line 94103 (wfb::literacy-condition rwanda "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 94103 (wfb::literacy rwanda total_population (* 50 %) );; line 94105 (wfb::literacy rwanda male (* 64 %) );; line 94107 (wfb::literacy rwanda female (* 37 %) );; line 94109 (wfb::total_labor_force rwanda 3.6e6 );; line 94113 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation rwanda agriculture (* 93 %) );; line 94115 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation rwanda government_and_services (* 5 %) );; line 94115 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation rwanda industry_and_commerce (* 2 %) );; line 94115 (wfb::names rwanda conventional_long_form "Republic of Rwanda" );; line 94122 (wfb::names rwanda conventional_short_form "Rwanda" );; line 94124 (wfb::names rwanda local_long_form "Republika y'u Rwanda" );; line 94126 (wfb::names rwanda local_short_form "Rwanda" );; line 94128 (wfb::digraph rwanda "RW" );; line 94132 (wfb::type rwanda "republic; presidential system" );; line 94136 (wfb::comment type rwanda "after genocide and civil war in April 1994, the Tutsi Rwandan Patriotic Front, in July 1994, took power and formed a new government" );; line 94138 (wfb::capital rwanda kigali-rwanda );; line 94143 (wfb::independence rwanda date_1_jul_1962 "Belgium-administered UN trusteeship" );; line 94153 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1962 );; line 94157 (wfb::comment national_holiday rwanda "1962" );; line 94157 (wfb::national_holiday rwanda "Independence Day" date_1_jul );; line 94157 (wfb::constitution rwanda "18 June 1991" );; line 94161 (wfb::legal_system rwanda "based on German and Belgian civil law systems and customary law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 94165 (wfb::comment suffrage rwanda " universal adult" );; line 94171 (wfb::suffrage rwanda (* n/a years_of_age) );; line 94171 (wfb::comment executive_branch rwanda chief_of_state "took office following the siezure of the government by the Tutsi Rwandan Patriotic Front and the exiling of interim President Dr. Theodore SINDIKUBWABO" );; line 94176 (wfb::comment executive_branch rwanda chief_of_state "no future election dates have been set" );; line 94176 (wfb::executive_branch rwanda chief_of_state "President Pasteur BIZIMUNGU " date_19_jul_1994 );; line 94176 (wfb::comment executive_branch rwanda cabinet "appointed by the president" );; line 94184 (wfb::executive_branch rwanda cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 94184 (wfb::legislative_structure rwanda unicameral n/a );; line 94188 (wfb::legislative_branch rwanda "National Development Council" "(Conseil National de Developpement) elections last held 19 December 1988 (next to be held NA 1995); results - MRND was the only party; seats - (70 total) MRND 70" );; line 94190 (wfb::judicial_branch rwanda "Constitutional Court consists of the Court of Cassation and the Council of State in joint session" );; line 94196 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders rwanda "Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF), Alexis KANYARENGWE, Chairman; National Revolutionary Movement for Democracy and Development (MRND); significant independent parties include: Democratic Republican Movement (MDR); Liberal Party (PL); Democratic and Socialist Party (PSD); Coalition for the Defense of the Republic (CDR); Party for Democracy in Rwanda (PADER); Christian Democratic Party (PDL)" );; line 94201 (wfb::comment political_parties_and_leaders rwanda "formerly a one-party state, Rwanda legalized independent parties in mid-1991" );; line 94208 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups rwanda "Rwanda Patriotic Army (RPA), the RPF military wing, Maj. Gen. Paul KAGAME, commander;" );; line 94213 (wfb::member_of rwanda acct );; line 94218 (wfb::member_of rwanda acp );; line 94218 (wfb::member_of rwanda afdb );; line 94218 (wfb::member_of rwanda ccc );; line 94218 (wfb::member_of rwanda ceeac );; line 94218 (wfb::member_of rwanda cepgl );; line 94218 (wfb::member_of rwanda eca );; line 94218 (wfb::member_of rwanda fao );; line 94218 (wfb::member_of rwanda g-77 );; line 94218 (wfb::member_of rwanda gatt );; line 94218 (wfb::member_of rwanda ibrd );; line 94218 (wfb::member_of rwanda icao );; line 94218 (wfb::member_of rwanda icftu );; line 94218 (wfb::member_of rwanda icrm );; line 94218 (wfb::member_of rwanda ida );; line 94218 (wfb::member_of rwanda ifad );; line 94218 (wfb::member_of rwanda ifc );; line 94218 (wfb::member_of rwanda ifrcs );; line 94218 (wfb::member_of rwanda ilo );; line 94218 (wfb::member_of rwanda imf );; line 94218 (wfb::member_of rwanda intelsat );; line 94218 (wfb::member_of rwanda interpol );; line 94218 (wfb::member_of rwanda ioc );; line 94218 (wfb::member_of rwanda itu );; line 94218 (wfb::member_of rwanda nam );; line 94218 (wfb::member_of rwanda oau );; line 94218 (wfb::member_of rwanda un );; line 94218 (wfb::member_of rwanda unctad );; line 94218 (wfb::member_of rwanda unesco );; line 94218 (wfb::member_of rwanda unido );; line 94218 (wfb::member_of rwanda upu );; line 94218 (wfb::member_of rwanda wcl );; line 94218 (wfb::member_of rwanda who );; line 94218 (wfb::member_of rwanda wipo );; line 94218 (wfb::member_of rwanda wmo );; line 94218 (wfb::member_of rwanda wto );; line 94218 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us rwanda chief_of_mission "(vacant); Charge d'Affaires ad interim Joseph W. MUTABOBA" );; line 94225 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us rwanda chancery "1714 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20009" );; line 94227 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us rwanda telephone "[1] (202) 232-2882" );; line 94229 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us rwanda fax "[1] (202) 232-4544" );; line 94231 (wfb::comment us_diplomatic_representation rwanda "US Embassy closed indefinitely" );; line 94236 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation rwanda chief_of_mission "Ambassador David P. RAWSON" );; line 94238 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation rwanda embassy "Boulevard de la Revolution, Kigali" );; line 94240 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation rwanda mailing_address "B. P. 28, Kigali" );; line 94242 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation rwanda telephone "[250] 756 01 through 03" );; line 94244 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation rwanda fax "[250] 721 28" );; line 94246 (wfb::flag rwanda "three equal vertical bands of red (hoist side), yellow, and green with a large black letter R centered in the yellow band; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia; similar to the flag of Guinea, which has a plain yellow band" );; line 94250 (wfb::overview rwanda "Rwanda is a poor African nation suffering bitterly from ethnic-based civil war. Almost 50% of GDP comes from the agricultural sector; coffee and tea make up 80%-90% of total exports. The amount of fertile land is limited, however, and deforestation and soil erosion continue to create problems. The industrial sector in Rwanda is small, contributing only 17% to GDP. Manufacturing focuses mainly on the processing of agricultural products. The Rwandan economy remains dependent on coffee/tea exports and foreign aid. Weak international prices since 1986 have caused the economy to contract and per capita GDP to decline. A structural adjustment program with the World Bank began in October 1990. Ethnic-based insurgency since 1990 has devastated wide areas, especially in the north, and displaced hundreds of thousands of people. A peace accord in mid-1993 temporarily ended most of the fighting, but massive resumption of civil warfare in April 1994 in the capital city Kigali and elsewhere has been taking thousands of lives and severely affecting short-term economic prospects. The economy suffers massively from failure to maintain the infrastructure, looting, neglect of important cash crops, and lack of health care facilities." );; line 94258 (wfb::estimation-date national_product rwanda date_1993 );; line 94278 (wfb::national_product rwanda (* 7.9e9 $) );; line 94278 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate rwanda date_1993 );; line 94282 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate rwanda (* -8 %) );; line 94282 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita rwanda date_1993 );; line 94286 (wfb::national_product_per_capita rwanda (* 950 $) );; line 94286 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| rwanda "NA%" );; line 94290 (wfb::unemployment_rate rwanda (* n/a %) );; line 94294 (wfb::budget rwanda revenues (* 350e6 $) );; line 94299 (wfb::estimation-date budget rwanda date_1992 );; line 94301 (wfb::budget rwanda expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 94301 (wfb::budget rwanda capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 94301 (wfb::exports rwanda (* 44e6 $) );; line 94305 (wfb::exports rwanda commodities coffee (* 63 %) );; line 94307 (wfb::exports rwanda commodities tea n/a );; line 94307 (wfb::exports rwanda commodities cassiterite n/a );; line 94307 (wfb::exports rwanda commodities wolframite n/a );; line 94307 (wfb::exports rwanda commodities pyrethrum n/a );; line 94307 (wfb::exports rwanda partners germany n/a );; line 94309 (wfb::exports rwanda partners belgium n/a );; line 94309 (wfb::exports rwanda partners italy n/a );; line 94309 (wfb::exports rwanda partners uganda n/a );; line 94309 (wfb::exports rwanda partners uk n/a );; line 94309 (wfb::exports rwanda partners france n/a );; line 94309 (wfb::exports rwanda partners us n/a );; line 94309 (wfb::imports rwanda (* 250e6 $) );; line 94313 (wfb::imports rwanda commodities textiles-commodity n/a );; line 94315 (wfb::imports rwanda commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 94315 (wfb::imports rwanda commodities machines_and_equipment n/a );; line 94315 (wfb::imports rwanda commodities capital_goods n/a );; line 94315 (wfb::imports rwanda commodities steel-commodity n/a );; line 94315 (wfb::imports rwanda commodities petroleum_products-commodity n/a );; line 94315 (wfb::imports rwanda commodities cement_and_construction_material n/a );; line 94315 (wfb::imports rwanda partners us n/a );; line 94318 (wfb::imports rwanda partners belgium n/a );; line 94318 (wfb::imports rwanda partners germany n/a );; line 94318 (wfb::imports rwanda partners kenya n/a );; line 94318 (wfb::imports rwanda partners japan n/a );; line 94318 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt rwanda date_1993 );; line 94322 (wfb::external_debt rwanda (* 873e6 $) );; line 94322 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1991 );; line 94326 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production rwanda date_1991 );; line 94326 (wfb::industrial_production rwanda growth_rate (* -2.2 %) );; line 94326 (wfb::industrial_production rwanda accounts_for (* 17 %_of_gdp) );; line 94326 (wfb::electricity rwanda capacity (* 60000 kw) );; line 94331 (wfb::electricity rwanda production (* 190e6 kwh) );; line 94333 (wfb::measurement-date electricity rwanda consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 94335 (wfb::electricity rwanda consumption_per_capita (* 23 kwh) );; line 94335 (wfb::industry rwanda |mining of cassiterite (tin ore) and wolframite (tungsten ore)| );; line 94339 (wfb::industry rwanda tin-industry );; line 94339 (wfb::industry rwanda cement );; line 94339 (wfb::industry rwanda agricultural_processing );; line 94339 (wfb::industry rwanda small-scale_beverage_production );; line 94339 (wfb::industry rwanda soap );; line 94339 (wfb::industry rwanda furniture );; line 94339 (wfb::industry rwanda shoes );; line 94339 (wfb::industry rwanda plastic_goods );; line 94339 (wfb::industry rwanda textiles );; line 94339 (wfb::industry rwanda cigarettes );; line 94339 (wfb::agriculture rwanda "cash crops - coffee, tea, pyrethrum (insecticide made from chrysanthemums); main food crops - bananas, beans, sorghum, potatoes; stock raising" );; line 94345 (wfb::economic_aid rwanda recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $128 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $2 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $45 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $58 million" );; line 94351 (wfb::comment economic_aid rwanda "in October 1990 Rwanda launched a Structural Adjustment Program with the IMF; since September 1991, the EC has given $46 million and the US $25 million in support of this program (1993)" );; line 94356 (wfb::abbreviation rwandan_franc "RF" );; line 94362 (wfb::currency rwanda rwandan_franc 100 centimes );; line 94362 (wfb::exchange_rates rwanda "Rwandan francs (RF) per US$1 - 144.3 (3rd quarter 1994), 144.25 (1993), 133.35 (1992), 125.14 (1991), 82.60 (1990)" );; line 94366 (wfb::fiscal_year rwanda date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 94371 (wfb::railroads rwanda "0 km" );; line 94376 (wfb::highways rwanda total (* 4885 km) );; line 94381 (wfb::highways rwanda paved (* 880 km) );; line 94383 (wfb::highways rwanda (union gravel sand_and_gravel ) (* 1305 km) );; line 94385 (wfb::highways rwanda unimproved_earth (* 2700 km) );; line 94385 (wfb::inland_waterways rwanda "Lac Kivu navigable by shallow-draft barges and native craft" );; line 94389 (wfb::port rwanda cyangugu-rwanda );; line 94393 (wfb::port rwanda gisenyi-rwanda );; line 94393 (wfb::port rwanda kibuye-rwanda );; line 94393 (wfb::airports rwanda total 7 );; line 94398 (wfb::airports rwanda |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 94400 (wfb::airports rwanda |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 2 );; line 94402 (wfb::airports rwanda with_paved_runways_under_914_m 3 );; line 94404 (wfb::airports rwanda |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 94406 (wfb::telephone_system rwanda "NA telephones; telephone system does not provide service to the general public but is intended for business and government use" );; line 94411 (wfb::telephone_system rwanda local "NA" );; line 94414 (wfb::telephone_system rwanda intercity "the capital, Kigali, is connected to the centers of the prefectures by microwave radio relay; the remainder of the network depends on wire and high frequency radio" );; line 94416 (wfb::telephone_system rwanda international "international connections employ microwave radio relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant countries; 1 INTELSAT (Indian Ocean) and 1 SYMPHONIE earth station in Kigali (includes telex and telefax service)" );; line 94420 (wfb::radio rwanda broadcast_stations am 1 );; line 94428 (wfb::radio rwanda broadcast_stations fm 1 );; line 94428 (wfb::radio rwanda broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 94428 (wfb::radio rwanda radios n/a );; line 94430 (wfb::television rwanda broadcast_stations 1 );; line 94435 (wfb::television rwanda televisions n/a );; line 94437 (wfb::defense_branch rwanda army_rwanda );; line 94443 (wfb::defense_branch rwanda gendarmerie_rwanda );; line 94443 (wfb::manpower_availability rwanda "males age 15-49 1,792,326; males fit for military service 913,711 (1995 est.)" );; line 94447 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures rwanda date_1992 );; line 94452 (wfb::defense_expenditures rwanda (* 112.5e6 $) );; line 94452 (wfb::defense_expenditures rwanda (* 7 %_of_gdp) );; line 94452 (wfb::markup-parameter figure saint_helena "graphno=\"sh.tif\"" );; line 94459 (wfb::header saint_helena "(dependent territory of the UK)" );; line 94459 (wfb::location saint_helena "Southern Africa, island in the South Atlantic Ocean, west of Angola, about two-thirds of the way from South America to Africa" );; line 94464 (wfb::map_references saint_helena "Africa" );; line 94469 (wfb::area saint_helena total_area (* 410 sq_km) );; line 94474 (wfb::area saint_helena land_area (* 410 sq_km) );; line 94476 (wfb::area saint_helena comparative_area "slightly more than 2.3 times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 94478 (wfb::comment area saint_helena "includes Ascension, Gough Island, Inaccessible Island, Nightingale Island, and Tristan da Cunha" );; line 94480 (wfb::coastline saint_helena (* 60 km) );; line 94489 (wfb::maritime_claims saint_helena exclusive_fishing_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 94494 (wfb::maritime_claims saint_helena territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 94496 (wfb::international_disputes saint_helena "none" );; line 94500 (wfb::climate saint_helena "tropical" );; line 94504 (wfb::climate saint_helena "marine" );; line 94504 (wfb::climate saint_helena "mild, tempered by trade winds" );; line 94504 (wfb::terrain saint_helena "rugged, volcanic" );; line 94508 (wfb::terrain saint_helena "small scattered plateaus and plains" );; line 94508 (wfb::natural-resource saint_helena fish );; line 94512 (wfb::natural-resource saint_helena ascension_is_a_breeding_ground_for_sea_turtles_and_sooty_terns );; line 94512 (wfb::natural-resource saint_helena no_minerals );; line 94512 (wfb::land_use saint_helena arable_land (* 7 %) );; line 94518 (wfb::land_use saint_helena permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 94520 (wfb::land_use saint_helena meadows_and_pastures (* 7 %) );; line 94522 (wfb::land_use saint_helena forest_and_woodland (* 3 %) );; line 94524 (wfb::land_use saint_helena other (* 83 %) );; line 94526 (wfb::irrigated_land saint_helena (* n/a sq_km) );; line 94530 (wfb::environment saint_helena current_issues "NA" );; line 94535 (wfb::environment saint_helena natural_hazards "active volcanism on Tristan da Cunha" );; line 94537 (wfb::environment saint_helena international_agreements "NA" );; line 94539 (wfb::note saint_helena "Napoleon Bonaparte's place of exile and burial (the remains were taken to Paris in 1840); harbors at least 40 species of plants unknown anywhere else in the world" );; line 94543 (wfb::estimation-date population saint_helena date_jul_1995 );; line 94551 (wfb::population saint_helena 6762 );; line 94551 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate saint_helena date_1995 );; line 94564 (wfb::population_growth_rate saint_helena (* 0.31 %) );; line 94564 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate saint_helena date_1995 );; line 94568 (wfb::birth_rate saint_helena (* 9.5 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 94568 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate saint_helena date_1995 );; line 94572 (wfb::death_rate saint_helena (* 6.43 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 94572 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate saint_helena date_1995 );; line 94576 (wfb::net_migration_rate saint_helena (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 94576 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate saint_helena date_1995 );; line 94580 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate saint_helena (* 36.1 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 94580 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth saint_helena total_population (* 75.07 years) );; line 94585 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth saint_helena male (* 73.01 years) );; line 94587 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth saint_helena female date_1995 );; line 94589 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth saint_helena female (* 76.89 years) );; line 94589 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate saint_helena date_1995 );; line 94593 (wfb::total_fertility_rate saint_helena (* 1.13 children_born/woman) );; line 94593 (wfb::nationality saint_helena noun "Saint Helenian(s)" );; line 94598 (wfb::nationality saint_helena adjective "Saint Helenian" );; line 94600 (wfb::religion saint_helena anglican n/a );; line 94608 (wfb::religion saint_helena baptist n/a );; line 94608 (wfb::religion saint_helena seventh-day_adventist n/a );; line 94608 (wfb::religion saint_helena roman_catholic n/a );; line 94608 (wfb::language saint_helena english n/a );; line 94613 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition saint_helena date_1987 );; line 94617 (wfb::literacy-condition saint_helena "age 20 and over can read and write" );; line 94617 (wfb::literacy saint_helena total_population (* 97 %) );; line 94619 (wfb::literacy saint_helena male (* 97 %) );; line 94621 (wfb::literacy saint_helena female (* 98 %) );; line 94623 (wfb::total_labor_force saint_helena 2516 );; line 94627 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force saint_helena by_occupation date_1987 );; line 94629 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1987 );; line 94629 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation saint_helena professional n/a );; line 94629 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation saint_helena technical n/a );; line 94629 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation saint_helena related_workers (* 8.7 %) );; line 94629 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation saint_helena managerial n/a );; line 94629 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation saint_helena administrative n/a );; line 94629 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation saint_helena clerical (* 12.8 %) );; line 94629 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation saint_helena sales_people (* 8.1 %) );; line 94629 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation saint_helena farmer n/a );; line 94629 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation saint_helena fishermen n/a );; line 94629 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation saint_helena etc. (* 5.4 %) );; line 94629 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation saint_helena craftspersons n/a );; line 94629 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation saint_helena production_process_workers (* 14.7 %) );; line 94629 (wfb::names saint_helena conventional_short_form "Saint Helena" );; line 94639 (wfb::digraph saint_helena "SH" );; line 94643 (wfb::type saint_helena "dependent territory of the UK" );; line 94647 (wfb::capital saint_helena jamestown-saint_helena );; line 94651 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_saint_helena_administrative_area "administrative area" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 94655 (wfb::administrative_divisions saint_helena adm_div_saint_helena_administrative_area 1 );; line 94655 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_saint_helena_dependencies "dependencies" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 94655 (wfb::administrative_divisions saint_helena adm_div_saint_helena_dependencies 2 );; line 94655 (wfb::administrative_division_of saint_helena adm_div_saint_helena_dependencies "Ascension" );; line 94655 (wfb::administrative_division_of saint_helena adm_div_saint_helena_administrative_area "Saint Helena" );; line 94655 (wfb::administrative_division_of saint_helena adm_div_saint_helena_dependencies "Tristan da Cunha" );; line 94655 (wfb::comment independence saint_helena "dependent territory of the UK" );; line 94660 (wfb::comment national_holiday saint_helena "second Saturday in June" );; line 94664 (wfb::national_holiday saint_helena "Celebration of the Birthday of the Queen" date_10_jun_1989 );; line 94664 (wfb::constitution saint_helena "1 January 1989" );; line 94669 (wfb::legal_system saint_helena "NA" );; line 94673 (wfb::executive_branch saint_helena chief_of_state "Queen ELIZABETH II " date_6_feb_1952 );; line 94682 (wfb::executive_branch saint_helena cabinet "Executive Council" );; line 94686 (wfb::legislative_structure saint_helena unicameral n/a );; line 94690 (wfb::legislative_branch saint_helena "Legislative Council" "elections last held July 1993 (next to be held NA); results - percent of vote NA; seats - (15 total, 12 elected) independents 15" );; line 94692 (wfb::judicial_branch saint_helena "Supreme Court" );; line 94697 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders saint_helena "none" );; line 94701 (wfb::member_of saint_helena icftu );; line 94705 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us saint_helena "none (dependent territory of the UK)" );; line 94709 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation saint_helena "none (dependent territory of the UK)" );; line 94713 (wfb::flag saint_helena "blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Saint Helenian shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield features a rocky coastline and three-masted sailing ship" );; line 94717 (wfb::overview saint_helena "The economy depends primarily on financial assistance from the UK. The local population earns some income from fishing, the raising of livestock, and sales of handicrafts. Because there are few jobs, a large proportion of the work force has left to seek employment overseas." );; line 94724 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate saint_helena (* n/a %) );; line 94735 (wfb::national_product_per_capita saint_helena (* n/a $) );; line 94739 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| saint_helena "-1.1% (1986)" );; line 94743 (wfb::unemployment_rate saint_helena (* n/a %) );; line 94747 (wfb::budget saint_helena revenues (* 11.2e6 $) );; line 94752 (wfb::for-fiscal-year budget saint_helena 92 );; line 94754 (wfb::budget saint_helena expenditures (* 11e6 $) );; line 94754 (wfb::budget saint_helena capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 94754 (wfb::exports saint_helena (* 27400 $) );; line 94758 (wfb::exports saint_helena commodities fish-commodity n/a );; line 94760 (wfb::exports saint_helena commodities handicrafts-commodity n/a );; line 94760 (wfb::exports saint_helena partners south_africa n/a );; line 94762 (wfb::exports saint_helena partners uk n/a );; line 94762 (wfb::imports saint_helena (* 9.8e6 $) );; line 94766 (wfb::imports saint_helena commodities food n/a );; line 94768 (wfb::imports saint_helena commodities beverages n/a );; line 94768 (wfb::imports saint_helena commodities tobacco n/a );; line 94768 (wfb::imports saint_helena commodities fuel_oils n/a );; line 94768 (wfb::imports saint_helena commodities animal_feed n/a );; line 94768 (wfb::imports saint_helena commodities building_materials n/a );; line 94768 (wfb::imports saint_helena commodities motor_vehicles_and_parts n/a );; line 94768 (wfb::imports saint_helena commodities machinery_and_parts n/a );; line 94768 (wfb::imports saint_helena partners uk n/a );; line 94771 (wfb::imports saint_helena partners south_africa n/a );; line 94771 (wfb::external_debt saint_helena (* n/a $) );; line 94775 (wfb::industrial_production saint_helena growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 94779 (wfb::electricity saint_helena capacity (* 9800 kw) );; line 94784 (wfb::electricity saint_helena production (* 10e6 kwh) );; line 94786 (wfb::measurement-date electricity saint_helena consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 94788 (wfb::electricity saint_helena consumption_per_capita (* n/a kwh) );; line 94788 (wfb::industry saint_helena |crafts (furniture, lacework, fancy woodwork)| );; line 94792 (wfb::industry saint_helena fishing-industry );; line 94792 (wfb::agriculture saint_helena "maize, potatoes, vegetables; timber production being developed; crawfishing on Tristan da Cunha" );; line 94796 (wfb::economic_aid saint_helena recipient "Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1992-93), $13.5 million" );; line 94802 (wfb::abbreviation saint_helenian_pound "#S" );; line 94807 (wfb::currency saint_helena saint_helenian_pound 100 pence );; line 94807 (wfb::exchange_rates saint_helena "Saint Helenian pounds (#S) per US$1 - 0.6350 (January 1995), 0.6529 (1994), 0.6033 (1993), 0.5664 (1992), 0.5652 (1991), 0.5603 (1990); note - the Saint Helenian pound is at par with the British pound" );; line 94811 (wfb::fiscal_year saint_helena date_1_apr date_31_mar );; line 94817 (wfb::railroads saint_helena "0 km" );; line 94822 (wfb::comment highways saint_helena total "mainland 107 km, Ascension NA, Tristan da Cunha NA" );; line 94827 (wfb::comment highways saint_helena paved "mainland 87 km, Ascension 80 km, Tristan da Cunha 2.70 km" );; line 94829 (wfb::comment highways saint_helena unpaved "mainland 20 km earth roads, Ascension NA, Tristan da Cunha NA" );; line 94832 (wfb::port saint_helena georgetown-saint_helena );; line 94837 (wfb::port saint_helena jamestown-saint_helena );; line 94837 (wfb::merchant_marine saint_helena "none" );; line 94841 (wfb::airports saint_helena total 1 );; line 94846 (wfb::airports saint_helena |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 94848 (wfb::telephone_system saint_helena "550 telephones; automatic network" );; line 94853 (wfb::telephone_system saint_helena local "NA" );; line 94855 (wfb::telephone_system saint_helena intercity "HF radio links to Ascension, then into worldwide submarine cable and satellite networks" );; line 94857 (wfb::telephone_system saint_helena international "major coaxial submarine cable relay point between South Africa, Portugal, and UK at Ascension; 2 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth stations" );; line 94860 (wfb::radio saint_helena broadcast_stations am 1 );; line 94866 (wfb::radio saint_helena broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 94866 (wfb::radio saint_helena broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 94866 (wfb::radio saint_helena radios 1500 );; line 94868 (wfb::television saint_helena broadcast_stations 0 );; line 94873 (wfb::television saint_helena televisions n/a );; line 94875 (wfb::note saint_helena "defense is the responsibility of the UK" );; line 94881 (wfb::markup-parameter figure saint_kitts_and_nevis "graphno=\"sc.tif\"" );; line 94887 (wfb::location saint_kitts_and_nevis "Caribbean, islands in the Caribbean Sea, about one-third of the way from Puerto Rico to Trinidad and Tobago" );; line 94891 (wfb::map_references saint_kitts_and_nevis "Central America and the Caribbean" );; line 94896 (wfb::area saint_kitts_and_nevis total_area (* 269 sq_km) );; line 94901 (wfb::area saint_kitts_and_nevis land_area (* 269 sq_km) );; line 94903 (wfb::area saint_kitts_and_nevis comparative_area "slightly more than 1.5 times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 94905 (wfb::coastline saint_kitts_and_nevis (* 135 km) );; line 94913 (wfb::maritime_claims saint_kitts_and_nevis contiguous_zone (* 24 nm) );; line 94918 (wfb::maritime_claims saint_kitts_and_nevis territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 94922 (wfb::international_disputes saint_kitts_and_nevis "none" );; line 94926 (wfb::climate saint_kitts_and_nevis "subtropical tempered by constant sea breezes" );; line 94930 (wfb::climate saint_kitts_and_nevis "little seasonal temperature variation" );; line 94930 (wfb::climate saint_kitts_and_nevis "rainy season (May to November)" );; line 94930 (wfb::terrain saint_kitts_and_nevis "volcanic with mountainous interiors" );; line 94935 (wfb::natural-resource saint_kitts_and_nevis negligible );; line 94939 (wfb::land_use saint_kitts_and_nevis arable_land (* 22 %) );; line 94944 (wfb::land_use saint_kitts_and_nevis permanent_crops (* 17 %) );; line 94946 (wfb::land_use saint_kitts_and_nevis meadows_and_pastures (* 3 %) );; line 94948 (wfb::land_use saint_kitts_and_nevis forest_and_woodland (* 17 %) );; line 94950 (wfb::land_use saint_kitts_and_nevis other (* 41 %) );; line 94952 (wfb::irrigated_land saint_kitts_and_nevis (* n/a sq_km) );; line 94956 (wfb::environment saint_kitts_and_nevis current_issues "NA" );; line 94961 (wfb::environment saint_kitts_and_nevis natural_hazards "hurricanes (July to October)" );; line 94963 (wfb::environment saint_kitts_and_nevis international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Whaling" );; line 94965 (wfb::estimation-date population saint_kitts_and_nevis date_jul_1995 );; line 94972 (wfb::population saint_kitts_and_nevis 40992 );; line 94972 (wfb::age_structure saint_kitts_and_nevis 0-14_years (* 35 %) );; line 94977 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex saint_kitts_and_nevis 0-14_years female 7072 );; line 94977 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex saint_kitts_and_nevis 0-14_years male 7430 );; line 94977 (wfb::age_structure saint_kitts_and_nevis 15-64_years (* 57 %) );; line 94979 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex saint_kitts_and_nevis 15-64_years female 11784 );; line 94979 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex saint_kitts_and_nevis 15-64_years male 11756 );; line 94979 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure saint_kitts_and_nevis 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 94981 (wfb::age_structure saint_kitts_and_nevis 65_years_and_over (* 8 %) );; line 94981 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex saint_kitts_and_nevis 65_years_and_over female 1729 );; line 94981 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex saint_kitts_and_nevis 65_years_and_over male 1221 );; line 94981 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate saint_kitts_and_nevis date_1995 );; line 94985 (wfb::population_growth_rate saint_kitts_and_nevis (* 0.85 %) );; line 94985 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate saint_kitts_and_nevis date_1995 );; line 94989 (wfb::birth_rate saint_kitts_and_nevis (* 23.49 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 94989 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate saint_kitts_and_nevis date_1995 );; line 94993 (wfb::death_rate saint_kitts_and_nevis (* 9.56 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 94993 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate saint_kitts_and_nevis date_1995 );; line 94997 (wfb::net_migration_rate saint_kitts_and_nevis (* -5.39 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 94997 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate saint_kitts_and_nevis date_1995 );; line 95001 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate saint_kitts_and_nevis (* 19.4 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 95001 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth saint_kitts_and_nevis total_population (* 66.51 years) );; line 95006 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth saint_kitts_and_nevis male (* 63.51 years) );; line 95008 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth saint_kitts_and_nevis female date_1995 );; line 95010 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth saint_kitts_and_nevis female (* 69.69 years) );; line 95010 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate saint_kitts_and_nevis date_1995 );; line 95014 (wfb::total_fertility_rate saint_kitts_and_nevis (* 2.56 children_born/woman) );; line 95014 (wfb::nationality saint_kitts_and_nevis noun "Kittsian(s), Nevisian(s)" );; line 95019 (wfb::nationality saint_kitts_and_nevis adjective "Kittsian, Nevisian" );; line 95021 (wfb::ethnic-entity saint_kitts_and_nevis black_african n/a );; line 95025 (wfb::religion saint_kitts_and_nevis anglican n/a );; line 95029 (wfb::religion saint_kitts_and_nevis roman_catholic n/a );; line 95029 (wfb::language saint_kitts_and_nevis english n/a );; line 95033 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition saint_kitts_and_nevis date_1980 );; line 95037 (wfb::literacy-condition saint_kitts_and_nevis "age 15 and over has ever attended school" );; line 95037 (wfb::literacy saint_kitts_and_nevis total_population (* 97 %) );; line 95039 (wfb::literacy saint_kitts_and_nevis male (* 97 %) );; line 95041 (wfb::literacy saint_kitts_and_nevis female (* 98 %) );; line 95043 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force saint_kitts_and_nevis date_1981 );; line 95047 (wfb::total_labor_force saint_kitts_and_nevis 20000 );; line 95047 (wfb::names saint_kitts_and_nevis conventional_long_form "Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis" );; line 95053 (wfb::names saint_kitts_and_nevis conventional_short_form "Saint Kitts and Nevis" );; line 95055 (wfb::names saint_kitts_and_nevis former "Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis" );; line 95057 (wfb::digraph saint_kitts_and_nevis "SC" );; line 95061 (wfb::type saint_kitts_and_nevis "constitutional monarchy" );; line 95065 (wfb::capital saint_kitts_and_nevis basseterre-saint_kitts_and_nevis );; line 95069 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_saint_kitts_and_nevis_parishs "parishs" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 95073 (wfb::administrative_divisions saint_kitts_and_nevis adm_div_saint_kitts_and_nevis_parishs 14 );; line 95073 (wfb::administrative_division_of saint_kitts_and_nevis adm_div_saint_kitts_and_nevis_parishs "Christ Church Nichola Town" );; line 95073 (wfb::administrative_division_of saint_kitts_and_nevis adm_div_saint_kitts_and_nevis_parishs "Saint Anne Sandy Point" );; line 95073 (wfb::administrative_division_of saint_kitts_and_nevis adm_div_saint_kitts_and_nevis_parishs "Saint George Basseterre" );; line 95073 (wfb::administrative_division_of saint_kitts_and_nevis adm_div_saint_kitts_and_nevis_parishs "Saint George Gingerland" );; line 95073 (wfb::administrative_division_of saint_kitts_and_nevis adm_div_saint_kitts_and_nevis_parishs "Saint James Windward" );; line 95073 (wfb::administrative_division_of saint_kitts_and_nevis adm_div_saint_kitts_and_nevis_parishs "Saint John Capisterre" );; line 95073 (wfb::administrative_division_of saint_kitts_and_nevis adm_div_saint_kitts_and_nevis_parishs "Saint John Figtree" );; line 95073 (wfb::administrative_division_of saint_kitts_and_nevis adm_div_saint_kitts_and_nevis_parishs "Saint Mary Cayon" );; line 95073 (wfb::administrative_division_of saint_kitts_and_nevis adm_div_saint_kitts_and_nevis_parishs "Saint Paul Capisterre" );; line 95073 (wfb::administrative_division_of saint_kitts_and_nevis adm_div_saint_kitts_and_nevis_parishs "Saint Paul Charlestown" );; line 95073 (wfb::administrative_division_of saint_kitts_and_nevis adm_div_saint_kitts_and_nevis_parishs "Saint Peter Basseterre" );; line 95073 (wfb::administrative_division_of saint_kitts_and_nevis adm_div_saint_kitts_and_nevis_parishs "Saint Thomas Lowland" );; line 95073 (wfb::administrative_division_of saint_kitts_and_nevis adm_div_saint_kitts_and_nevis_parishs "Saint Thomas Middle Island" );; line 95073 (wfb::administrative_division_of saint_kitts_and_nevis adm_div_saint_kitts_and_nevis_parishs "Trinity Palmetto Point" );; line 95073 (wfb::independence saint_kitts_and_nevis date_19_sep_1983 "UK" );; line 95081 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1983 );; line 95085 (wfb::comment national_holiday saint_kitts_and_nevis "1983" );; line 95085 (wfb::national_holiday saint_kitts_and_nevis "Independence Day" date_19_sep );; line 95085 (wfb::constitution saint_kitts_and_nevis "19 September 1983" );; line 95089 (wfb::legal_system saint_kitts_and_nevis "based on English common law" );; line 95093 (wfb::comment suffrage saint_kitts_and_nevis " universal adult" );; line 95097 (wfb::suffrage saint_kitts_and_nevis (* n/a years_of_age) );; line 95097 (wfb::comment executive_branch saint_kitts_and_nevis head_of_government "Deputy Prime Minister Hugh HEYLIGER (since November 1994)" );; line 95107 (wfb::comment executive_branch saint_kitts_and_nevis cabinet "appointed by the governor general in consultation with the prime minister" );; line 95111 (wfb::executive_branch saint_kitts_and_nevis cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 95111 (wfb::legislative_structure saint_kitts_and_nevis unicameral n/a );; line 95116 (wfb::legislative_branch saint_kitts_and_nevis "House of Assembly" "elections last held 29 November 1993 (next to be held by 15 November 1995); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (14 total, 11 elected) PAM 4, SKNLP 4, NRP 1, CCM 2" );; line 95118 (wfb::judicial_branch saint_kitts_and_nevis "Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based on Saint Lucia)" );; line 95124 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders saint_kitts_and_nevis "People's Action Movement (PAM), Dr. Kennedy SIMMONDS; Saint Kitts and Nevis Labor Party (SKNLP), Dr. Denzil DOUGLAS; Nevis Reformation Party (NRP), Simeon DANIEL; Concerned Citizens Movement (CCM), Vance AMORY" );; line 95128 (wfb::member_of saint_kitts_and_nevis acp );; line 95134 (wfb::member_of saint_kitts_and_nevis c );; line 95134 (wfb::member_of saint_kitts_and_nevis caricom );; line 95134 (wfb::member_of saint_kitts_and_nevis cdb );; line 95134 (wfb::member_of saint_kitts_and_nevis eclac );; line 95134 (wfb::member_of saint_kitts_and_nevis fao );; line 95134 (wfb::member_of saint_kitts_and_nevis g-77 );; line 95134 (wfb::member_of saint_kitts_and_nevis gatt );; line 95134 (wfb::member_of saint_kitts_and_nevis ibrd );; line 95134 (wfb::member_of saint_kitts_and_nevis icftu );; line 95134 (wfb::member_of saint_kitts_and_nevis icrm );; line 95134 (wfb::member_of saint_kitts_and_nevis ida );; line 95134 (wfb::member_of saint_kitts_and_nevis ifad );; line 95134 (wfb::member_of saint_kitts_and_nevis ifrcs );; line 95134 (wfb::comment member_of saint_kitts_and_nevis ifrcs "associate" );; line 95134 (wfb::member_of saint_kitts_and_nevis imf );; line 95134 (wfb::member_of saint_kitts_and_nevis interpol );; line 95134 (wfb::member_of saint_kitts_and_nevis ioc );; line 95134 (wfb::member_of saint_kitts_and_nevis oas );; line 95134 (wfb::member_of saint_kitts_and_nevis oecs );; line 95134 (wfb::member_of saint_kitts_and_nevis un );; line 95134 (wfb::member_of saint_kitts_and_nevis unctad );; line 95134 (wfb::member_of saint_kitts_and_nevis unesco );; line 95134 (wfb::member_of saint_kitts_and_nevis unido );; line 95134 (wfb::member_of saint_kitts_and_nevis upu );; line 95134 (wfb::member_of saint_kitts_and_nevis wcl );; line 95134 (wfb::member_of saint_kitts_and_nevis who );; line 95134 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us saint_kitts_and_nevis chief_of_mission "Ambassador Erstein Mallet EDWARDS" );; line 95141 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us saint_kitts_and_nevis chancery "Suite 608, 2100 M Street NW, Washington, DC 20037" );; line 95143 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us saint_kitts_and_nevis telephone "[1] (202) 833-3550" );; line 95145 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us saint_kitts_and_nevis fax "[1] (202) 833-3553" );; line 95147 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation saint_kitts_and_nevis "no official presence; covered by embassy in Bridgetown, Barbados" );; line 95151 (wfb::flag saint_kitts_and_nevis "divided diagonally from the lower hoist side by a broad black band bearing two white five-pointed stars; the black band is edged in yellow; the upper triangle is green, the lower triangle is red" );; line 95155 (wfb::overview saint_kitts_and_nevis "The economy has traditionally depended on the growing and processing of sugarcane; decreasing world prices have hurt the industry in recent years. Tourism and export-oriented manufacturing have begun to assume larger roles, although they still only account for 7% and 4% of GDP respectively. Growth in the construction and tourism sectors spurred the economic expansion in 1994. Most food is imported." );; line 95162 (wfb::estimation-date national_product saint_kitts_and_nevis date_1994 );; line 95171 (wfb::national_product saint_kitts_and_nevis (* 210e6 $) );; line 95171 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate saint_kitts_and_nevis date_1994 );; line 95175 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate saint_kitts_and_nevis (* 4.5 %) );; line 95175 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita saint_kitts_and_nevis date_1994 );; line 95179 (wfb::national_product_per_capita saint_kitts_and_nevis (* 5300 $) );; line 95179 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| saint_kitts_and_nevis "1.6% (1993)" );; line 95183 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate saint_kitts_and_nevis date_1990 );; line 95187 (wfb::unemployment_rate saint_kitts_and_nevis (* 12.2 %) );; line 95187 (wfb::budget saint_kitts_and_nevis revenues (* 103.2e6 $) );; line 95192 (wfb::estimation-date budget saint_kitts_and_nevis date_1995 );; line 95194 (wfb::budget saint_kitts_and_nevis expenditures (* 102.6e6 $) );; line 95194 (wfb::budget saint_kitts_and_nevis capital_expenditures (* 50.1e6 $) );; line 95194 (wfb::exports saint_kitts_and_nevis (* 32.4e6 $) );; line 95199 (wfb::exports saint_kitts_and_nevis commodities machinery n/a );; line 95201 (wfb::exports saint_kitts_and_nevis commodities food n/a );; line 95201 (wfb::exports saint_kitts_and_nevis commodities electronics n/a );; line 95201 (wfb::exports saint_kitts_and_nevis commodities beverages_and_tobacco n/a );; line 95201 (wfb::measurement-date exports saint_kitts_and_nevis date_1992 );; line 95203 (wfb::exports saint_kitts_and_nevis partners us (* 50 %) );; line 95203 (wfb::exports saint_kitts_and_nevis partners uk (* 30 %) );; line 95203 (wfb::exports saint_kitts_and_nevis partners caricom_nations (* 11 %) );; line 95203 (wfb::imports saint_kitts_and_nevis (* 100e6 $) );; line 95207 (wfb::imports saint_kitts_and_nevis commodities machinery n/a );; line 95209 (wfb::imports saint_kitts_and_nevis commodities manufactures n/a );; line 95209 (wfb::imports saint_kitts_and_nevis commodities food n/a );; line 95209 (wfb::imports saint_kitts_and_nevis commodities fuels n/a );; line 95209 (wfb::measurement-date imports saint_kitts_and_nevis date_1992 );; line 95211 (wfb::imports saint_kitts_and_nevis partners us (* 43 %) );; line 95211 (wfb::imports saint_kitts_and_nevis partners caricom_nations (* 18 %) );; line 95211 (wfb::imports saint_kitts_and_nevis partners uk (* 12 %) );; line 95211 (wfb::imports saint_kitts_and_nevis partners canada (* 4 %) );; line 95211 (wfb::imports saint_kitts_and_nevis partners japan (* 4 %) );; line 95211 (wfb::imports saint_kitts_and_nevis partners oecs-georef (* 4 %) );; line 95211 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt saint_kitts_and_nevis date_1992 );; line 95216 (wfb::external_debt saint_kitts_and_nevis (* 43.3e6 $) );; line 95216 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1992 );; line 95220 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production saint_kitts_and_nevis date_1992 );; line 95220 (wfb::industrial_production saint_kitts_and_nevis growth_rate (* 5.9 %) );; line 95220 (wfb::electricity saint_kitts_and_nevis capacity (* 15800 kw) );; line 95225 (wfb::electricity saint_kitts_and_nevis production (* 45e6 kwh) );; line 95227 (wfb::measurement-date electricity saint_kitts_and_nevis consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 95229 (wfb::electricity saint_kitts_and_nevis consumption_per_capita (* 990 kwh) );; line 95229 (wfb::industry saint_kitts_and_nevis sugar_processing );; line 95233 (wfb::industry saint_kitts_and_nevis tourism );; line 95233 (wfb::industry saint_kitts_and_nevis cotton-industry );; line 95233 (wfb::industry saint_kitts_and_nevis salt-industry );; line 95233 (wfb::industry saint_kitts_and_nevis copra-industry );; line 95233 (wfb::industry saint_kitts_and_nevis clothing );; line 95233 (wfb::industry saint_kitts_and_nevis footwear-industry );; line 95233 (wfb::industry saint_kitts_and_nevis beverages-industry );; line 95233 (wfb::agriculture saint_kitts_and_nevis "accounts for 17% of GDP; cash crop - sugarcane; subsistence crops - rice, yams, vegetables, bananas; fishing potential not fully exploited" );; line 95238 (wfb::illicit_drugs saint_kitts_and_nevis "transshipment point for South American drugs destined for the US" );; line 95243 (wfb::economic_aid saint_kitts_and_nevis recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY85-88), $10.7 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $67 million" );; line 95248 (wfb::abbreviation ec_dollar "EC$" );; line 95253 (wfb::currency saint_kitts_and_nevis ec_dollar 100 cents );; line 95253 (wfb::exchange_rates saint_kitts_and_nevis "East Caribbean dollars (EC$) per US$1 - 2.70 (fixed rate since 1976)" );; line 95257 (wfb::fiscal_year saint_kitts_and_nevis date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 95262 (wfb::railroads saint_kitts_and_nevis total "58 km on Saint Kitts for sugarcane" );; line 95268 (wfb::railroads saint_kitts_and_nevis narrow_gauge "58 km 0.760-m gauge" );; line 95270 (wfb::highways saint_kitts_and_nevis total (* 300 km) );; line 95275 (wfb::highways saint_kitts_and_nevis paved (* 125 km) );; line 95277 (wfb::highways saint_kitts_and_nevis unimproved_earth (* 50 km) );; line 95279 (wfb::port saint_kitts_and_nevis basseterre-saint_kitts_and_nevis );; line 95283 (wfb::port saint_kitts_and_nevis charlestown-saint_kitts_and_nevis );; line 95283 (wfb::merchant_marine saint_kitts_and_nevis "none" );; line 95287 (wfb::airports saint_kitts_and_nevis total 2 );; line 95292 (wfb::airports saint_kitts_and_nevis |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 1 );; line 95294 (wfb::airports saint_kitts_and_nevis with_paved_runways_under_914_m 1 );; line 95296 (wfb::telephone_system saint_kitts_and_nevis "2,400 telephones; good interisland VHF/UHF/SHF radio connections and international link via Antigua and Barbuda and Saint Martin" );; line 95301 (wfb::telephone_system saint_kitts_and_nevis local "NA" );; line 95304 (wfb::telephone_system saint_kitts_and_nevis intercity "interisland links are handled by VHF/UHF/SHF radio; within the islands all calls are local" );; line 95306 (wfb::telephone_system saint_kitts_and_nevis international "international calls are carried by radio to Antigua and Barbuda and there switched to submarine cable or to INTELSAT, or carried to Saint Martin by radio and switched to INTELSAT" );; line 95309 (wfb::radio saint_kitts_and_nevis broadcast_stations am 2 );; line 95316 (wfb::radio saint_kitts_and_nevis broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 95316 (wfb::radio saint_kitts_and_nevis broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 95316 (wfb::radio saint_kitts_and_nevis radios n/a );; line 95318 (wfb::television saint_kitts_and_nevis broadcast_stations 4 );; line 95323 (wfb::television saint_kitts_and_nevis televisions n/a );; line 95325 (wfb::defense_branch saint_kitts_and_nevis royal_saint_kitts_and_nevis_police_force_saint_kitts_and_nevis );; line 95331 (wfb::defense_branch saint_kitts_and_nevis coast_guard_saint_kitts_and_nevis );; line 95331 (wfb::markup-parameter figure saint_lucia "graphno=\"st.tif\"" );; line 95341 (wfb::location saint_lucia "Caribbean, island in the Caribbean Sea, north of Trinidad and Tobago" );; line 95345 (wfb::map_references saint_lucia "Central America and the Caribbean" );; line 95350 (wfb::area saint_lucia total_area (* 620 sq_km) );; line 95355 (wfb::area saint_lucia land_area (* 610 sq_km) );; line 95357 (wfb::area saint_lucia comparative_area "slightly less than 3.5 times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 95359 (wfb::coastline saint_lucia (* 158 km) );; line 95367 (wfb::maritime_claims saint_lucia contiguous_zone (* 24 nm) );; line 95372 (wfb::maritime_claims saint_lucia territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 95376 (wfb::international_disputes saint_lucia "none" );; line 95380 (wfb::climate saint_lucia "tropical, moderated by northeast trade winds" );; line 95384 (wfb::climate saint_lucia "dry season from January to April, rainy season from May to August" );; line 95384 (wfb::terrain saint_lucia "volcanic and mountainous with some broad, fertile valleys" );; line 95389 (wfb::natural-resource saint_lucia forests );; line 95393 (wfb::natural-resource saint_lucia sandy_beaches );; line 95393 (wfb::natural-resource saint_lucia |minerals (pumice)| );; line 95393 (wfb::natural-resource saint_lucia mineral_springs );; line 95393 (wfb::natural-resource saint_lucia geothermal_potential );; line 95393 (wfb::land_use saint_lucia arable_land (* 8 %) );; line 95399 (wfb::land_use saint_lucia permanent_crops (* 20 %) );; line 95401 (wfb::land_use saint_lucia meadows_and_pastures (* 5 %) );; line 95403 (wfb::land_use saint_lucia forest_and_woodland (* 13 %) );; line 95405 (wfb::land_use saint_lucia other (* 54 %) );; line 95407 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land saint_lucia date_1989 );; line 95411 (wfb::irrigated_land saint_lucia (* 10 sq_km) );; line 95411 (wfb::environment saint_lucia current_issues "deforestation" );; line 95416 (wfb::environment saint_lucia current_issues "soil erosion, particularly in the northern region" );; line 95416 (wfb::environment saint_lucia natural_hazards "hurricanes and volcanic activity" );; line 95418 (wfb::environment saint_lucia international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Whaling" );; line 95420 (wfb::estimation-date population saint_lucia date_jul_1995 );; line 95428 (wfb::population saint_lucia 156050 );; line 95428 (wfb::age_structure saint_lucia 0-14_years (* 35 %) );; line 95433 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex saint_lucia 0-14_years female 26710 );; line 95433 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex saint_lucia 0-14_years male 27255 );; line 95433 (wfb::age_structure saint_lucia 15-64_years (* 60 %) );; line 95435 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex saint_lucia 15-64_years female 47584 );; line 95435 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex saint_lucia 15-64_years male 46326 );; line 95435 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure saint_lucia 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 95437 (wfb::age_structure saint_lucia 65_years_and_over (* 5 %) );; line 95437 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex saint_lucia 65_years_and_over female 5040 );; line 95437 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex saint_lucia 65_years_and_over male 3135 );; line 95437 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate saint_lucia date_1995 );; line 95441 (wfb::population_growth_rate saint_lucia (* 1.17 %) );; line 95441 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate saint_lucia date_1995 );; line 95445 (wfb::birth_rate saint_lucia (* 22.48 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 95445 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate saint_lucia date_1995 );; line 95449 (wfb::death_rate saint_lucia (* 6.1 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 95449 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate saint_lucia date_1995 );; line 95453 (wfb::net_migration_rate saint_lucia (* -4.67 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 95453 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate saint_lucia date_1995 );; line 95457 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate saint_lucia (* 20.5 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 95457 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth saint_lucia total_population (* 69.88 years) );; line 95462 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth saint_lucia male (* 66.33 years) );; line 95464 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth saint_lucia female date_1995 );; line 95466 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth saint_lucia female (* 73.67 years) );; line 95466 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate saint_lucia date_1995 );; line 95470 (wfb::total_fertility_rate saint_lucia (* 2.37 children_born/woman) );; line 95470 (wfb::nationality saint_lucia noun "Saint Lucian(s)" );; line 95475 (wfb::nationality saint_lucia adjective "Saint Lucian" );; line 95477 (wfb::ethnic-entity saint_lucia african_descent (* 90.3 %) );; line 95481 (wfb::ethnic-entity saint_lucia mixed (* 5.5 %) );; line 95481 (wfb::ethnic-entity saint_lucia east_indian (* 3.2 %) );; line 95481 (wfb::ethnic-entity saint_lucia caucasian (* 0.8 %) );; line 95481 (wfb::religion saint_lucia roman_catholic (* 90 %) );; line 95486 (wfb::religion saint_lucia protestant (* 7 %) );; line 95486 (wfb::religion saint_lucia anglican (* 3 %) );; line 95486 (wfb::language saint_lucia english n/a );; line 95490 (wfb::comment language saint_lucia english "official" );; line 95490 (wfb::language saint_lucia french_patois n/a );; line 95490 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition saint_lucia date_1980 );; line 95494 (wfb::literacy-condition saint_lucia "age 15 and over has ever attended school" );; line 95494 (wfb::literacy saint_lucia total_population (* 67 %) );; line 95496 (wfb::literacy saint_lucia male (* 65 %) );; line 95498 (wfb::literacy saint_lucia female (* 69 %) );; line 95500 (wfb::total_labor_force saint_lucia 43800 );; line 95504 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force saint_lucia by_occupation date_1983 );; line 95506 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1983 );; line 95506 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation saint_lucia agriculture (* 43.4 %) );; line 95506 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation saint_lucia services (* 38.9 %) );; line 95506 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation saint_lucia industry_and_commerce (* 17.7 %) );; line 95506 (wfb::names saint_lucia conventional_short_form "Saint Lucia" );; line 95515 (wfb::digraph saint_lucia "ST" );; line 95519 (wfb::type saint_lucia "parliamentary democracy" );; line 95523 (wfb::capital saint_lucia castries-saint_lucia );; line 95527 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_saint_lucia_quarters "quarters" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 95531 (wfb::administrative_divisions saint_lucia adm_div_saint_lucia_quarters 11 );; line 95531 (wfb::administrative_division_of saint_lucia adm_div_saint_lucia_quarters "Anse La Raye" );; line 95531 (wfb::administrative_division_of saint_lucia adm_div_saint_lucia_quarters "Castries" );; line 95531 (wfb::administrative_division_of saint_lucia adm_div_saint_lucia_quarters "Choiseul" );; line 95531 (wfb::administrative_division_of saint_lucia adm_div_saint_lucia_quarters "Dauphin" );; line 95531 (wfb::administrative_division_of saint_lucia adm_div_saint_lucia_quarters "Dennery" );; line 95531 (wfb::administrative_division_of saint_lucia adm_div_saint_lucia_quarters "Gros Islet" );; line 95531 (wfb::administrative_division_of saint_lucia adm_div_saint_lucia_quarters "Laborie" );; line 95531 (wfb::administrative_division_of saint_lucia adm_div_saint_lucia_quarters "Micoud" );; line 95531 (wfb::administrative_division_of saint_lucia adm_div_saint_lucia_quarters "Praslin" );; line 95531 (wfb::administrative_division_of saint_lucia adm_div_saint_lucia_quarters "Soufriere" );; line 95531 (wfb::administrative_division_of saint_lucia adm_div_saint_lucia_quarters "Vieux Fort" );; line 95531 (wfb::independence saint_lucia date_22_feb_1979 "UK" );; line 95536 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1979 );; line 95540 (wfb::comment national_holiday saint_lucia "1979" );; line 95540 (wfb::national_holiday saint_lucia "Independence Day" date_22_feb );; line 95540 (wfb::constitution saint_lucia "22 February 1979" );; line 95544 (wfb::legal_system saint_lucia "based on English common law" );; line 95548 (wfb::comment suffrage saint_lucia " universal" );; line 95552 (wfb::suffrage saint_lucia (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 95552 (wfb::executive_branch saint_lucia head_of_government "Prime Minister John George Melvin COMPTON " date_3_may_1982 );; line 95560 (wfb::comment executive_branch saint_lucia cabinet "appointed by the governor general on advice of the prime minister" );; line 95562 (wfb::executive_branch saint_lucia cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 95562 (wfb::legislative_structure saint_lucia bicameral "Parliament" );; line 95567 (wfb::legislative_branch saint_lucia "Senate" "consists of an 11-member body, 6 appointed on the advice of the prime minister, 3 on the advice of the leader of the opposition, and 2 after consultation with religious, economic, and social groups" );; line 95569 (wfb::legislative_branch saint_lucia "House of Assembly" "elections last held 27 April 1992 (next to be held by April 1997); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (17 total) UWP 11, SLP 6" );; line 95573 (wfb::judicial_branch saint_lucia "Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court" );; line 95578 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders saint_lucia "United Workers' Party (UWP), John COMPTON; Saint Lucia Labor Party (SLP), Julian HUNTE; Progressive Labor Party (PLP), Jon ODLUM" );; line 95582 (wfb::member_of saint_lucia acct );; line 95587 (wfb::comment member_of saint_lucia acct "associate" );; line 95587 (wfb::member_of saint_lucia acp );; line 95587 (wfb::member_of saint_lucia c );; line 95587 (wfb::member_of saint_lucia caricom );; line 95587 (wfb::member_of saint_lucia cdb );; line 95587 (wfb::member_of saint_lucia eclac );; line 95587 (wfb::member_of saint_lucia fao );; line 95587 (wfb::member_of saint_lucia g-77 );; line 95587 (wfb::member_of saint_lucia gatt );; line 95587 (wfb::member_of saint_lucia ibrd );; line 95587 (wfb::member_of saint_lucia icao );; line 95587 (wfb::member_of saint_lucia icftu );; line 95587 (wfb::member_of saint_lucia icrm );; line 95587 (wfb::member_of saint_lucia ida );; line 95587 (wfb::member_of saint_lucia ifad );; line 95587 (wfb::member_of saint_lucia ifc );; line 95587 (wfb::member_of saint_lucia ifrcs );; line 95587 (wfb::member_of saint_lucia ilo );; line 95587 (wfb::member_of saint_lucia imf );; line 95587 (wfb::member_of saint_lucia imo );; line 95587 (wfb::member_of saint_lucia intelsat );; line 95587 (wfb::comment member_of saint_lucia intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 95587 (wfb::member_of saint_lucia interpol );; line 95587 (wfb::member_of saint_lucia ioc );; line 95587 (wfb::member_of saint_lucia iso );; line 95587 (wfb::comment member_of saint_lucia iso "subscriber" );; line 95587 (wfb::member_of saint_lucia nam );; line 95587 (wfb::member_of saint_lucia oas );; line 95587 (wfb::member_of saint_lucia oecs );; line 95587 (wfb::member_of saint_lucia un );; line 95587 (wfb::member_of saint_lucia unctad );; line 95587 (wfb::member_of saint_lucia unesco );; line 95587 (wfb::member_of saint_lucia unido );; line 95587 (wfb::member_of saint_lucia upu );; line 95587 (wfb::member_of saint_lucia wcl );; line 95587 (wfb::member_of saint_lucia wftu );; line 95587 (wfb::member_of saint_lucia who );; line 95587 (wfb::member_of saint_lucia wipo );; line 95587 (wfb::member_of saint_lucia wmo );; line 95587 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us saint_lucia chief_of_mission "Ambassador Dr. Joseph Edsel EDMUNDS" );; line 95595 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us saint_lucia chancery "3216 New Mexico Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20016" );; line 95597 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us saint_lucia telephone "[1] (202) 364-6792 through 6795" );; line 95599 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us saint_lucia fax "[1] (202) 364-6728" );; line 95601 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us saint_lucia |consulate(s) general| "New York" );; line 95603 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation saint_lucia "no official presence since the Ambassador resides in Bridgetown (Barbados)" );; line 95607 (wfb::flag saint_lucia "blue with a gold isosceles triangle below a black arrowhead; the upper edges of the arrowhead have a white border" );; line 95612 (wfb::overview saint_lucia "Though foreign investment in manufacturing and information processing in recent years has increased Saint Lucia's industrial base, the economy remains vulnerable due to its heavy dependence on banana production, which is subject to periodic droughts and tropical storms. Indeed, the destructive effect of Tropical Storm Debbie in mid-1994 caused the loss of 60% of the year's banana crop. Increased competition from Latin American bananas will probably further reduce market prices, exacerbating Saint Lucia's need to diversify its economy in coming years, e.g., by expanding tourism, manufacturing, and construction" );; line 95618 (wfb::estimation-date national_product saint_lucia date_1994 );; line 95630 (wfb::national_product saint_lucia (* 610e6 $) );; line 95630 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate saint_lucia date_1994 );; line 95634 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate saint_lucia (* 2 %) );; line 95634 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita saint_lucia date_1994 );; line 95638 (wfb::national_product_per_capita saint_lucia (* 4200 $) );; line 95638 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| saint_lucia "0.8% (1993)" );; line 95642 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate saint_lucia date_1993 );; line 95646 (wfb::unemployment_rate saint_lucia (* 25 %) );; line 95646 (wfb::budget saint_lucia revenues (* 121e6 $) );; line 95651 (wfb::estimation-date budget saint_lucia date_1992 );; line 95653 (wfb::budget saint_lucia expenditures (* 127e6 $) );; line 95653 (wfb::budget saint_lucia capital_expenditures (* 104e6 $) );; line 95653 (wfb::exports saint_lucia (* 122.8e6 $) );; line 95658 (wfb::exports saint_lucia commodities bananas (* 60 %) );; line 95660 (wfb::exports saint_lucia commodities clothing-commodity n/a );; line 95660 (wfb::exports saint_lucia commodities cocoa n/a );; line 95660 (wfb::exports saint_lucia commodities vegetables n/a );; line 95660 (wfb::exports saint_lucia commodities fruits n/a );; line 95660 (wfb::exports saint_lucia commodities coconut_oil-commodity n/a );; line 95660 (wfb::measurement-date exports saint_lucia date_1991 );; line 95662 (wfb::exports saint_lucia partners uk (* 56 %) );; line 95662 (wfb::exports saint_lucia partners us (* 22 %) );; line 95662 (wfb::exports saint_lucia partners caricom-georef (* 19 %) );; line 95662 (wfb::imports saint_lucia (* 276e6 $) );; line 95666 (wfb::imports saint_lucia commodities manufactured_goods (* 21 %) );; line 95668 (wfb::imports saint_lucia commodities machinery_and_transportation_equipment (* 21 %) );; line 95668 (wfb::imports saint_lucia commodities food_and_live_animals n/a );; line 95668 (wfb::imports saint_lucia commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 95668 (wfb::imports saint_lucia commodities fuels n/a );; line 95668 (wfb::measurement-date imports saint_lucia date_1991 );; line 95671 (wfb::imports saint_lucia partners us (* 34 %) );; line 95671 (wfb::imports saint_lucia partners caricom-georef (* 17 %) );; line 95671 (wfb::imports saint_lucia partners uk (* 14 %) );; line 95671 (wfb::imports saint_lucia partners japan (* 7 %) );; line 95671 (wfb::imports saint_lucia partners canada (* 4 %) );; line 95671 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt saint_lucia date_1992 );; line 95675 (wfb::external_debt saint_lucia (* 96.4e6 $) );; line 95675 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1990 );; line 95679 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production saint_lucia date_1990 );; line 95679 (wfb::industrial_production saint_lucia growth_rate (* 3.5 %) );; line 95679 (wfb::industrial_production saint_lucia accounts_for (* 12 %_of_gdp) );; line 95679 (wfb::electricity saint_lucia capacity (* 20000 kw) );; line 95684 (wfb::electricity saint_lucia production (* 112e6 kwh) );; line 95686 (wfb::measurement-date electricity saint_lucia consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 95688 (wfb::electricity saint_lucia consumption_per_capita (* 693 kwh) );; line 95688 (wfb::industry saint_lucia clothing );; line 95692 (wfb::industry saint_lucia assembly_of_electronic_components );; line 95692 (wfb::industry saint_lucia beverages-industry );; line 95692 (wfb::industry saint_lucia corrugated_cardboard_boxes );; line 95692 (wfb::industry saint_lucia tourism );; line 95692 (wfb::industry saint_lucia lime_processing );; line 95692 (wfb::industry saint_lucia coconut_processing );; line 95692 (wfb::agriculture saint_lucia "accounts for 14% of GDP and 43% of labor force; crops - bananas, coconuts, vegetables, citrus fruit, root crops, cocoa; imports food for the tourist industry" );; line 95697 (wfb::illicit_drugs saint_lucia "transit country for South American drugs destined for the US and Europe" );; line 95703 (wfb::economic_aid saint_lucia recipient "Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $120 million" );; line 95709 (wfb::abbreviation ec_dollar "EC$" );; line 95714 (wfb::currency saint_lucia ec_dollar 100 cents );; line 95714 (wfb::exchange_rates saint_lucia "East Caribbean dollars (EC$) per US$1 - 2.70 (fixed rate since 1976)" );; line 95718 (wfb::fiscal_year saint_lucia date_1_apr date_31_mar );; line 95723 (wfb::railroads saint_lucia "0 km" );; line 95728 (wfb::highways saint_lucia total (* 760 km) );; line 95733 (wfb::highways saint_lucia paved (* 500 km) );; line 95735 (wfb::port saint_lucia castries-saint_lucia );; line 95741 (wfb::port saint_lucia vieux_fort-saint_lucia );; line 95741 (wfb::merchant_marine saint_lucia "none" );; line 95745 (wfb::airports saint_lucia total 3 );; line 95750 (wfb::airports saint_lucia |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 95752 (wfb::airports saint_lucia |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 1 );; line 95754 (wfb::airports saint_lucia with_paved_runways_under_914_m 1 );; line 95756 (wfb::telephone_system saint_lucia "9,500 telephones" );; line 95761 (wfb::telephone_system saint_lucia local "low density (6 telephones/100 persons) but the system is automatically switched" );; line 95763 (wfb::telephone_system saint_lucia intercity "no intercity traffic" );; line 95766 (wfb::telephone_system saint_lucia international "direct microwave link with Martinique and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; interisland troposcatter link to Barbados" );; line 95768 (wfb::radio saint_lucia broadcast_stations am 4 );; line 95774 (wfb::radio saint_lucia broadcast_stations fm 1 );; line 95774 (wfb::radio saint_lucia broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 95774 (wfb::radio saint_lucia radios n/a );; line 95776 (wfb::television saint_lucia televisions n/a );; line 95783 (wfb::defense_branch saint_lucia royal_saint_lucia_police_force_saint_lucia );; line 95789 (wfb::defense_branch saint_lucia coast_guard_saint_lucia );; line 95789 (wfb::markup-parameter figure saint_pierre_and_miquelon "graphno=\"sb.tif\"" );; line 95799 (wfb::header saint_pierre_and_miquelon "(territorial collectivity of France)" );; line 95799 (wfb::location saint_pierre_and_miquelon "Northern North America, islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, south of Newfoundland (Canada)" );; line 95804 (wfb::map_references saint_pierre_and_miquelon "North America" );; line 95809 (wfb::area saint_pierre_and_miquelon total_area (* 242 sq_km) );; line 95814 (wfb::area saint_pierre_and_miquelon land_area (* 242 sq_km) );; line 95816 (wfb::area saint_pierre_and_miquelon comparative_area "slightly less than 1.5 times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 95818 (wfb::comment area saint_pierre_and_miquelon "includes eight small islands in the Saint Pierre and the Miquelon groups" );; line 95820 (wfb::coastline saint_pierre_and_miquelon (* 120 km) );; line 95829 (wfb::maritime_claims saint_pierre_and_miquelon exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 95834 (wfb::maritime_claims saint_pierre_and_miquelon territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 95836 (wfb::international_disputes saint_pierre_and_miquelon "focus of maritime boundary dispute between Canada and France" );; line 95840 (wfb::climate saint_pierre_and_miquelon "cold and wet, with much mist and fog" );; line 95844 (wfb::climate saint_pierre_and_miquelon "spring and autumn are windy" );; line 95844 (wfb::terrain saint_pierre_and_miquelon "mostly barren rock" );; line 95848 (wfb::natural-resource saint_pierre_and_miquelon fish );; line 95852 (wfb::natural-resource saint_pierre_and_miquelon deepwater_ports );; line 95852 (wfb::land_use saint_pierre_and_miquelon arable_land (* 13 %) );; line 95857 (wfb::land_use saint_pierre_and_miquelon permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 95859 (wfb::land_use saint_pierre_and_miquelon meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 95861 (wfb::land_use saint_pierre_and_miquelon forest_and_woodland (* 4 %) );; line 95863 (wfb::land_use saint_pierre_and_miquelon other (* 83 %) );; line 95865 (wfb::irrigated_land saint_pierre_and_miquelon (* n/a sq_km) );; line 95869 (wfb::environment saint_pierre_and_miquelon current_issues "NA" );; line 95874 (wfb::environment saint_pierre_and_miquelon natural_hazards "persistent fog throughout the year can be a maritime hazard" );; line 95876 (wfb::environment saint_pierre_and_miquelon international_agreements "NA" );; line 95878 (wfb::note saint_pierre_and_miquelon "vegetation scanty" );; line 95882 (wfb::estimation-date population saint_pierre_and_miquelon date_jul_1995 );; line 95888 (wfb::population saint_pierre_and_miquelon 6757 );; line 95888 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate saint_pierre_and_miquelon date_1995 );; line 95901 (wfb::population_growth_rate saint_pierre_and_miquelon (* 0.78 %) );; line 95901 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate saint_pierre_and_miquelon date_1995 );; line 95905 (wfb::birth_rate saint_pierre_and_miquelon (* 13.02 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 95905 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate saint_pierre_and_miquelon date_1995 );; line 95909 (wfb::death_rate saint_pierre_and_miquelon (* 5.83 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 95909 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate saint_pierre_and_miquelon date_1995 );; line 95913 (wfb::net_migration_rate saint_pierre_and_miquelon (* 0.59 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 95913 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate saint_pierre_and_miquelon date_1995 );; line 95917 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate saint_pierre_and_miquelon (* 10.77 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 95917 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth saint_pierre_and_miquelon total_population (* 76 years) );; line 95922 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth saint_pierre_and_miquelon male (* 74.4 years) );; line 95924 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth saint_pierre_and_miquelon female date_1995 );; line 95926 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth saint_pierre_and_miquelon female (* 77.92 years) );; line 95926 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate saint_pierre_and_miquelon date_1995 );; line 95930 (wfb::total_fertility_rate saint_pierre_and_miquelon (* 1.67 children_born/woman) );; line 95930 (wfb::nationality saint_pierre_and_miquelon noun "Frenchman(men), Frenchwoman(women)" );; line 95935 (wfb::nationality saint_pierre_and_miquelon adjective "French" );; line 95937 (wfb::comment ethnic_divisions saint_pierre_and_miquelon "French fishermen" );; line 95941 (wfb::ethnic-entity saint_pierre_and_miquelon basques_and_bretons n/a );; line 95941 (wfb::religion saint_pierre_and_miquelon roman_catholic (* 98 %) );; line 95945 (wfb::language saint_pierre_and_miquelon french n/a );; line 95949 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition saint_pierre_and_miquelon date_1982 );; line 95953 (wfb::literacy-condition saint_pierre_and_miquelon "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 95953 (wfb::literacy saint_pierre_and_miquelon total_population (* 99 %) );; line 95955 (wfb::literacy saint_pierre_and_miquelon male (* 99 %) );; line 95957 (wfb::literacy saint_pierre_and_miquelon female (* 99 %) );; line 95959 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force saint_pierre_and_miquelon date_1988 );; line 95963 (wfb::total_labor_force saint_pierre_and_miquelon 2850 );; line 95963 (wfb::names saint_pierre_and_miquelon conventional_long_form "Territorial Collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon" );; line 95971 (wfb::names saint_pierre_and_miquelon conventional_short_form "Saint Pierre and Miquelon" );; line 95973 (wfb::names saint_pierre_and_miquelon local_long_form "Departement de Saint-Pierre et Miquelon" );; line 95975 (wfb::names saint_pierre_and_miquelon local_short_form "Saint-Pierre et Miquelon" );; line 95977 (wfb::digraph saint_pierre_and_miquelon "SB" );; line 95981 (wfb::type saint_pierre_and_miquelon "territorial collectivity of France" );; line 95985 (wfb::capital saint_pierre_and_miquelon saint-pierre-saint_pierre_and_miquelon );; line 95989 (wfb::comment independence saint_pierre_and_miquelon "territorial collectivity of France; has been under French control since 1763" );; line 95997 (wfb::constitution saint_pierre_and_miquelon "28 September 1958 (French Constitution)" );; line 96006 (wfb::legal_system saint_pierre_and_miquelon "French law" );; line 96010 (wfb::comment suffrage saint_pierre_and_miquelon " universal" );; line 96014 (wfb::suffrage saint_pierre_and_miquelon (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 96014 (wfb::executive_branch saint_pierre_and_miquelon chief_of_state "President Francois MITTERRAND " date_21_may_1981 );; line 96019 (wfb::comment executive_branch saint_pierre_and_miquelon head_of_government "President of the General Council Gerard GRIGNON (since NA April 1994)" );; line 96021 (wfb::executive_branch saint_pierre_and_miquelon head_of_government "Commissioner of the Republic Yves HENRY " date_dec_1993 );; line 96021 (wfb::executive_branch saint_pierre_and_miquelon cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 96024 (wfb::legislative_structure saint_pierre_and_miquelon unicameral n/a );; line 96028 (wfb::legislative_branch saint_pierre_and_miquelon "General Council" "elections last held NA April 1994 (next to be held NA April 2000); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (19 total) seats by party NA" );; line 96030 (wfb::legislative_branch saint_pierre_and_miquelon "French Senate" "elections last held NA September 1986 (next to be held NA September 1995); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (1 total) PS 1" );; line 96033 (wfb::legislative_branch saint_pierre_and_miquelon "French National Assembly" "elections last held 21 and 28 March 1993 (next to be held NA June 1998); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (1 total) UDF 1" );; line 96036 (wfb::judicial_branch saint_pierre_and_miquelon "Superior Tribunal of Appeals (Tribunal Superieur d'Appel)" );; line 96041 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders saint_pierre_and_miquelon "Socialist Party (PS), Albert PEN; Union for French Democracy (UDF/CDS), Gerard GRIGNON" );; line 96045 (wfb::member_of saint_pierre_and_miquelon fz );; line 96050 (wfb::member_of saint_pierre_and_miquelon wftu );; line 96050 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us saint_pierre_and_miquelon "none (territorial collectivity of France)" );; line 96054 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation saint_pierre_and_miquelon "none (territorial collectivity of France)" );; line 96058 (wfb::flag saint_pierre_and_miquelon "the flag of France is used" );; line 96062 (wfb::overview saint_pierre_and_miquelon "The inhabitants have traditionally earned their livelihood by fishing and by servicing fishing fleets operating off the coast of Newfoundland. The economy has been declining, however, because the number of ships stopping at Saint Pierre has dropped steadily over the years. In March 1989, an agreement between France and Canada set fish quotas for Saint Pierre's trawlers fishing in Canadian and Canadian-claimed waters for three years. The agreement settles a longstanding dispute that had virtually brought fish exports to a halt. The islands are heavily subsidized by France. Imports come primarily from Canada and France." );; line 96067 (wfb::estimation-date national_product saint_pierre_and_miquelon date_1993 );; line 96079 (wfb::national_product saint_pierre_and_miquelon (* 66e6 $) );; line 96079 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate saint_pierre_and_miquelon (* n/a %) );; line 96083 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita saint_pierre_and_miquelon date_1993 );; line 96087 (wfb::national_product_per_capita saint_pierre_and_miquelon (* 10000 $) );; line 96087 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| saint_pierre_and_miquelon "NA%" );; line 96091 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate saint_pierre_and_miquelon date_1990 );; line 96095 (wfb::unemployment_rate saint_pierre_and_miquelon (* 9.6 %) );; line 96095 (wfb::budget saint_pierre_and_miquelon revenues (* 18.3e6 $) );; line 96100 (wfb::estimation-date budget saint_pierre_and_miquelon date_1989 );; line 96102 (wfb::budget saint_pierre_and_miquelon expenditures (* 18.3e6 $) );; line 96102 (wfb::budget saint_pierre_and_miquelon capital_expenditures (* 5.5e6 $) );; line 96102 (wfb::exports saint_pierre_and_miquelon (* 30e6 $) );; line 96107 (wfb::exports saint_pierre_and_miquelon commodities fish_and_fish_products n/a );; line 96109 (wfb::exports saint_pierre_and_miquelon commodities fox_and_mink_pelts n/a );; line 96109 (wfb::measurement-date exports saint_pierre_and_miquelon date_1990 );; line 96111 (wfb::exports saint_pierre_and_miquelon partners us (* 58 %) );; line 96111 (wfb::exports saint_pierre_and_miquelon partners france (* 17 %) );; line 96111 (wfb::exports saint_pierre_and_miquelon partners uk (* 11 %) );; line 96111 (wfb::exports saint_pierre_and_miquelon partners canada n/a );; line 96111 (wfb::exports saint_pierre_and_miquelon partners portugal n/a );; line 96111 (wfb::imports saint_pierre_and_miquelon (* 82e6 $) );; line 96115 (wfb::imports saint_pierre_and_miquelon commodities meat n/a );; line 96117 (wfb::imports saint_pierre_and_miquelon commodities clothing-commodity n/a );; line 96117 (wfb::imports saint_pierre_and_miquelon commodities fuel n/a );; line 96117 (wfb::imports saint_pierre_and_miquelon commodities electrical_equipment n/a );; line 96117 (wfb::imports saint_pierre_and_miquelon commodities machinery n/a );; line 96117 (wfb::imports saint_pierre_and_miquelon commodities building_materials n/a );; line 96117 (wfb::imports saint_pierre_and_miquelon partners canada n/a );; line 96120 (wfb::imports saint_pierre_and_miquelon partners france n/a );; line 96120 (wfb::imports saint_pierre_and_miquelon partners us n/a );; line 96120 (wfb::imports saint_pierre_and_miquelon partners netherlands n/a );; line 96120 (wfb::imports saint_pierre_and_miquelon partners uk n/a );; line 96120 (wfb::external_debt saint_pierre_and_miquelon (* n/a $) );; line 96124 (wfb::industrial_production saint_pierre_and_miquelon growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 96128 (wfb::electricity saint_pierre_and_miquelon capacity (* 10000 kw) );; line 96133 (wfb::electricity saint_pierre_and_miquelon production (* 50e6 kwh) );; line 96135 (wfb::measurement-date electricity saint_pierre_and_miquelon consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 96137 (wfb::electricity saint_pierre_and_miquelon consumption_per_capita (* 6013 kwh) );; line 96137 (wfb::industry saint_pierre_and_miquelon fish_processing_and_supply_base_for_fishing_fleets );; line 96141 (wfb::industry saint_pierre_and_miquelon tourism );; line 96141 (wfb::agriculture saint_pierre_and_miquelon "vegetables, cattle, sheep, pigs for local consumption; fish catch of 20,500 metric tons (1989)" );; line 96145 (wfb::economic_aid saint_pierre_and_miquelon recipient "Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $500 million" );; line 96151 (wfb::abbreviation french_franc "F" );; line 96156 (wfb::currency saint_pierre_and_miquelon french_franc 100 centimes );; line 96156 (wfb::exchange_rates saint_pierre_and_miquelon "French francs (F) per US$1 - 5.2943 (January 1995), 5.520 (1994), 5.6632 (1993), 5.2938 (1992), 5.6421 (1991), 5.4453 (1990)" );; line 96160 (wfb::fiscal_year saint_pierre_and_miquelon date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 96165 (wfb::railroads saint_pierre_and_miquelon "0 km" );; line 96170 (wfb::highways saint_pierre_and_miquelon total (* 120 km) );; line 96175 (wfb::highways saint_pierre_and_miquelon paved (* 60 km) );; line 96177 (wfb::measurement-date highways saint_pierre_and_miquelon date_1985 );; line 96179 (wfb::comment highways saint_pierre_and_miquelon unpaved "1985" );; line 96179 (wfb::measurement-date highways saint_pierre_and_miquelon unpaved earth date_1985 );; line 96179 (wfb::highways saint_pierre_and_miquelon earth (* 60 km) );; line 96179 (wfb::port saint_pierre_and_miquelon saint_pierre-saint_pierre_and_miquelon );; line 96183 (wfb::merchant_marine saint_pierre_and_miquelon "none" );; line 96187 (wfb::airports saint_pierre_and_miquelon total 2 );; line 96192 (wfb::airports saint_pierre_and_miquelon |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 2 );; line 96194 (wfb::telephone_system saint_pierre_and_miquelon "3,601 telephones" );; line 96199 (wfb::telephone_system saint_pierre_and_miquelon local "NA" );; line 96201 (wfb::telephone_system saint_pierre_and_miquelon intercity "NA" );; line 96203 (wfb::telephone_system saint_pierre_and_miquelon international "radio communication with most countries in the world; 1 satellite link in French domestic satellite system" );; line 96205 (wfb::radio saint_pierre_and_miquelon broadcast_stations am 1 );; line 96211 (wfb::radio saint_pierre_and_miquelon broadcast_stations fm 3 );; line 96211 (wfb::radio saint_pierre_and_miquelon broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 96211 (wfb::radio saint_pierre_and_miquelon radios n/a );; line 96213 (wfb::television saint_pierre_and_miquelon broadcast_stations 0 );; line 96218 (wfb::television saint_pierre_and_miquelon televisions n/a );; line 96220 (wfb::note saint_pierre_and_miquelon "defense is the responsibility of France" );; line 96226 (wfb::markup-parameter figure saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines "graphno=\"vc.tif\"" );; line 96232 (wfb::location saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines "Caribbean, islands in the Caribbean Sea, north of Trinidad and Tobago" );; line 96236 (wfb::map_references saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines "Central America and the Caribbean" );; line 96241 (wfb::area saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines total_area (* 340 sq_km) );; line 96246 (wfb::area saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines land_area (* 340 sq_km) );; line 96248 (wfb::area saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines comparative_area "slightly less than twice the size of Washington, DC" );; line 96250 (wfb::coastline saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines (* 84 km) );; line 96258 (wfb::maritime_claims saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines contiguous_zone (* 24 nm) );; line 96263 (wfb::maritime_claims saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines continental_shelf (* 200 nm) );; line 96265 (wfb::maritime_claims saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 96267 (wfb::maritime_claims saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 96269 (wfb::international_disputes saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines "none" );; line 96273 (wfb::climate saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines "tropical" );; line 96277 (wfb::climate saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines "little seasonal temperature variation" );; line 96277 (wfb::climate saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines "rainy season (May to November)" );; line 96277 (wfb::terrain saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines "volcanic, mountainous" );; line 96282 (wfb::terrain saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines "Soufriere volcano on the island of Saint Vincent" );; line 96282 (wfb::natural-resource saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines negligible );; line 96287 (wfb::land_use saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines arable_land (* 38 %) );; line 96292 (wfb::land_use saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines permanent_crops (* 12 %) );; line 96294 (wfb::land_use saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines meadows_and_pastures (* 6 %) );; line 96296 (wfb::land_use saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines forest_and_woodland (* 41 %) );; line 96298 (wfb::land_use saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines other (* 3 %) );; line 96300 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines date_1989 );; line 96304 (wfb::irrigated_land saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines (* 10 sq_km) );; line 96304 (wfb::environment saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines current_issues "pollution of coastal waters and shorelines from discharges by pleasure yachts and other effluents" );; line 96309 (wfb::environment saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines current_issues "in some areas pollution is severe enough to make swimming prohibitive" );; line 96309 (wfb::environment saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines natural_hazards "hurricanes" );; line 96313 (wfb::environment saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines natural_hazards "Soufriere volcano is a constant threat" );; line 96313 (wfb::environment saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines international_agreements "party to - Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Ship Pollution, Whaling" );; line 96315 (wfb::environment saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Desertification" );; line 96315 (wfb::note saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines "the administration of the islands of the Grenadines group is divided between Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and Grenada" );; line 96320 (wfb::estimation-date population saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines date_jul_1995 );; line 96327 (wfb::population saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines 117344 );; line 96327 (wfb::age_structure saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines 0-14_years (* 34 %) );; line 96332 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines 0-14_years female 19551 );; line 96332 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines 0-14_years male 20185 );; line 96332 (wfb::age_structure saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines 15-64_years (* 61 %) );; line 96334 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines 15-64_years female 35565 );; line 96334 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines 15-64_years male 35573 );; line 96334 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 96336 (wfb::age_structure saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines 65_years_and_over (* 5 %) );; line 96336 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines 65_years_and_over female 3793 );; line 96336 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines 65_years_and_over male 2677 );; line 96336 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines date_1995 );; line 96340 (wfb::population_growth_rate saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines (* 0.65 %) );; line 96340 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines date_1995 );; line 96344 (wfb::birth_rate saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines (* 19.62 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 96344 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines date_1995 );; line 96348 (wfb::death_rate saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines (* 5.46 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 96348 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines date_1995 );; line 96352 (wfb::net_migration_rate saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines (* -7.63 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 96352 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines date_1995 );; line 96356 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines (* 17.2 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 96356 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines total_population (* 72.66 years) );; line 96361 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines male (* 71.15 years) );; line 96363 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines female date_1995 );; line 96365 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines female (* 74.21 years) );; line 96365 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines date_1995 );; line 96369 (wfb::total_fertility_rate saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines (* 2.08 children_born/woman) );; line 96369 (wfb::nationality saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines noun "Saint Vincentian(s) or Vincentian(s)" );; line 96374 (wfb::nationality saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines adjective "Saint Vincentian or Vincentian" );; line 96376 (wfb::ethnic-entity saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines african_descent n/a );; line 96380 (wfb::ethnic-entity saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines caucasian n/a );; line 96380 (wfb::ethnic-entity saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines east_indian n/a );; line 96380 (wfb::ethnic-entity saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines carib_indian n/a );; line 96380 (wfb::religion saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines anglican n/a );; line 96384 (wfb::religion saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines methodist n/a );; line 96384 (wfb::religion saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines roman_catholic n/a );; line 96384 (wfb::religion saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines seventh-day_adventist n/a );; line 96384 (wfb::language saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines english n/a );; line 96388 (wfb::language saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines french_patois n/a );; line 96388 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines date_1970 );; line 96392 (wfb::literacy-condition saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines "age 15 and over has ever attended school" );; line 96392 (wfb::literacy saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines total_population (* 96 %) );; line 96394 (wfb::literacy saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines male (* 96 %) );; line 96396 (wfb::literacy saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines female (* 96 %) );; line 96398 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines date_1984 );; line 96402 (wfb::total_labor_force saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines 67000 );; line 96402 (wfb::names saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines conventional_short_form "Saint Vincent and the Grenadines" );; line 96412 (wfb::digraph saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines "VC" );; line 96416 (wfb::type saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines "constitutional monarchy" );; line 96420 (wfb::capital saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines kingstown-saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines );; line 96424 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines_parishes "parishes" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 96428 (wfb::administrative_divisions saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines adm_div_saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines_parishes 6 );; line 96428 (wfb::administrative_division_of saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines adm_div_saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines_parishes "Charlotte" );; line 96428 (wfb::administrative_division_of saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines adm_div_saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines_parishes "Grenadines" );; line 96428 (wfb::administrative_division_of saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines adm_div_saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines_parishes "Saint Andrew" );; line 96428 (wfb::administrative_division_of saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines adm_div_saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines_parishes "Saint David" );; line 96428 (wfb::administrative_division_of saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines adm_div_saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines_parishes "Saint George" );; line 96428 (wfb::administrative_division_of saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines adm_div_saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines_parishes "Saint Patrick" );; line 96428 (wfb::independence saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines date_27_oct_1979 "UK" );; line 96433 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1979 );; line 96437 (wfb::comment national_holiday saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines "1979" );; line 96437 (wfb::national_holiday saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines "Independence Day" date_27_oct );; line 96437 (wfb::constitution saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines "27 October 1979" );; line 96441 (wfb::legal_system saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines "based on English common law" );; line 96445 (wfb::comment suffrage saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines " universal" );; line 96449 (wfb::suffrage saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 96449 (wfb::comment executive_branch saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines head_of_government "Deputy Prime Minister Parnel CAMPBELL (since NA February 1994)" );; line 96457 (wfb::comment executive_branch saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines head_of_government "note - governor general appoints leader of the majority party to position of prime minister" );; line 96457 (wfb::executive_branch saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines head_of_government "Prime Minister James F. MITCHELL " date_30_jul_1984 );; line 96457 (wfb::comment executive_branch saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines cabinet "appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister" );; line 96461 (wfb::executive_branch saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 96461 (wfb::legislative_structure saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines unicameral n/a );; line 96466 (wfb::legislative_branch saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines "House of Assembly" "elections last held 21 February 1994 (next to be held NA July 1999); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (21 total, 15 elected representatives and 6 appointed senators) NDP 12, ULP 3" );; line 96468 (wfb::judicial_branch saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines "Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based on Saint Lucia)" );; line 96474 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines "New Democratic Party (NDP), James MITCHELL (son of Prime Minister James F. MITCHELL); United People's Movement (UPM), Adrian SAUNDERS; National Reform Party (NRP), Joel MIGUEL; Unity Labor Party (ULP),Vincent BEACHE - formed by the coalition of Saint Vincent Labor Party (SVLP) and the Movement for National Unity (MNU)" );; line 96478 (wfb::member_of saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines acp );; line 96486 (wfb::member_of saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines c );; line 96486 (wfb::member_of saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines caricom );; line 96486 (wfb::member_of saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines cdb );; line 96486 (wfb::member_of saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines eclac );; line 96486 (wfb::member_of saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines fao );; line 96486 (wfb::member_of saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines g-77 );; line 96486 (wfb::member_of saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines gatt );; line 96486 (wfb::member_of saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines ibrd );; line 96486 (wfb::member_of saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines icao );; line 96486 (wfb::member_of saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines icftu );; line 96486 (wfb::member_of saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines icrm );; line 96486 (wfb::member_of saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines ida );; line 96486 (wfb::member_of saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines ifad );; line 96486 (wfb::member_of saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines ifrcs );; line 96486 (wfb::member_of saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines imf );; line 96486 (wfb::member_of saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines imo );; line 96486 (wfb::member_of saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines intelsat );; line 96486 (wfb::comment member_of saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 96486 (wfb::member_of saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines interpol );; line 96486 (wfb::member_of saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines ioc );; line 96486 (wfb::member_of saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines itu );; line 96486 (wfb::member_of saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines oas );; line 96486 (wfb::member_of saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines oecs );; line 96486 (wfb::member_of saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines opanal );; line 96486 (wfb::member_of saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines un );; line 96486 (wfb::member_of saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines unctad );; line 96486 (wfb::member_of saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines unesco );; line 96486 (wfb::member_of saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines unido );; line 96486 (wfb::member_of saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines upu );; line 96486 (wfb::member_of saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines wcl );; line 96486 (wfb::member_of saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines wftu );; line 96486 (wfb::member_of saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines who );; line 96486 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines chief_of_mission "Ambassador Kingsley C.A. LAYNE" );; line 96494 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines chancery "1717 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Suite 102, Washington, DC 20036" );; line 96496 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines telephone "[1] (202) 462-7806, 7846" );; line 96498 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines fax "[1] (202) 462-7807" );; line 96500 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines "no official presence since the Ambassador resides in Bridgetown (Barbados)" );; line 96504 (wfb::flag saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines "three vertical bands of blue (hoist side), gold (double width), and green; the gold band bears three green diamonds arranged in a V pattern" );; line 96509 (wfb::overview saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines "Agriculture, dominated by banana production, is the most important sector of the economy. The services sector, based mostly on a growing tourist industry, is also important. In 1993, economic growth slowed to 1.4%, reflecting a sharp decline in agricultural production caused by drought. The government has been relatively unsuccessful at introducing new industries, and high unemployment rates of 35%-40% continue." );; line 96516 (wfb::estimation-date national_product saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines date_1994 );; line 96525 (wfb::national_product saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines (* 235e6 $) );; line 96525 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines date_1994 );; line 96529 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines (* 2 %) );; line 96529 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines date_1994 );; line 96533 (wfb::national_product_per_capita saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines (* 2000 $) );; line 96533 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines "4% (1993 est.)" );; line 96537 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines date_1994 );; line 96541 (wfb::>= range_35%-40% |(* 35 %)| );; line 96541 (wfb::=< range_35%-40% (* 40 %) );; line 96541 (wfb::unemployment_rate saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines range_35%-40% );; line 96541 (wfb::budget saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines revenues (* 66.2 $) );; line 96546 (wfb::estimation-date budget saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines date_1993 );; line 96548 (wfb::budget saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines expenditures (* 77.3e6 $) );; line 96548 (wfb::budget saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines capital_expenditures (* 23e6 $) );; line 96548 (wfb::exports saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines (* 57.1e6 $) );; line 96553 (wfb::exports saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines commodities bananas n/a );; line 96555 (wfb::exports saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines commodities eddoes_and_dasheen n/a );; line 96555 (wfb::exports saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines commodities arrowroot_starch n/a );; line 96555 (wfb::exports saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines commodities tennis_racquets n/a );; line 96555 (wfb::exports saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines partners uk (* 54 %) );; line 96558 (wfb::exports saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines partners caricom-georef (* 34 %) );; line 96558 (wfb::exports saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines partners us (* 10 %) );; line 96558 (wfb::imports saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines (* 134.6e6 $) );; line 96562 (wfb::imports saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 96564 (wfb::imports saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines commodities machinery_and_equipment n/a );; line 96564 (wfb::imports saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines commodities chemicals_and_fertilizers n/a );; line 96564 (wfb::imports saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines commodities minerals_and_fuels n/a );; line 96564 (wfb::imports saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines partners us (* 36 %) );; line 96567 (wfb::imports saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines partners caricom-georef (* 21 %) );; line 96567 (wfb::imports saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines partners uk (* 18 %) );; line 96567 (wfb::imports saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines partners trinidad_and_tobago (* 13 %) );; line 96567 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines date_1993 );; line 96571 (wfb::external_debt saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines (* 74.9e6 $) );; line 96571 (wfb::electricity saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines capacity (* 16600 kw) );; line 96580 (wfb::electricity saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines production (* 50e6 kwh) );; line 96582 (wfb::measurement-date electricity saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 96584 (wfb::electricity saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines consumption_per_capita (* 436 kwh) );; line 96584 (wfb::industry saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines food_processing );; line 96588 (wfb::industry saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines cement );; line 96588 (wfb::industry saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines furniture );; line 96588 (wfb::industry saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines clothing );; line 96588 (wfb::industry saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines starch );; line 96588 (wfb::agriculture saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines "accounts for 14% of GDP and 60% of labor force; provides bulk of exports; products - bananas, coconuts, sweet potatoes, spices; small numbers of cattle, sheep, hogs, goats; small fish catch used locally" );; line 96592 (wfb::illicit_drugs saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines "transshipment point for South American drugs destined for the US and Europe" );; line 96598 (wfb::economic_aid saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-87), $11 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $81 million" );; line 96604 (wfb::abbreviation ec_dollar "EC$" );; line 96609 (wfb::currency saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines ec_dollar 100 cents );; line 96609 (wfb::exchange_rates saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines "East Caribbean dollars (EC$) per US$1 - 2.70 (fixed rate since 1976)" );; line 96613 (wfb::fiscal_year saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 96618 (wfb::railroads saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines "0 km" );; line 96623 (wfb::highways saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines total (* 1000 km) );; line 96628 (wfb::highways saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines paved (* 300 km) );; line 96630 (wfb::highways saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines improved_earth (* 400 km) );; line 96632 (wfb::highways saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines unimproved_earth (* 300 km) );; line 96632 (wfb::port saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines kingstown-saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines );; line 96636 (wfb::merchant_marine saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines total "580 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 5,212,812 GRT/8,530,725 DWT" );; line 96641 (wfb::merchant_marine saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines ships_by_type "bulk 106, cargo 289, chemical tanker 15, combination bulk 10, combination ore/oil 3, container 36, liquefied gas tanker 5, livestock carrier 2, oil tanker 53, passenger 2, passenger-cargo 1, refrigerated cargo 30, roll-on/roll-off cargo 25, short-sea passenger 1, specialized tanker 1, vehicle carrier 1" );; line 96644 (wfb::comment merchant_marine saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines "a flag of convenience registry; includes 16 countries among which are Croatia 49 ships, Russia 23, Slovenia 11, China 8, Germany 3, Serbia 2, Latvia 1, Montenegro 1, Georgia 1, UAR 1" );; line 96650 (wfb::airports saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines total 6 );; line 96657 (wfb::airports saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 2 );; line 96659 (wfb::airports saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines with_paved_runways_under_914_m 4 );; line 96661 (wfb::telephone_system saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines "6,500 telephones; islandwide fully automatic telephone system" );; line 96666 (wfb::telephone_system saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines local "NA" );; line 96668 (wfb::telephone_system saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines intercity "VHF/UHF interisland links from Saint Vincent to the other islands of the Grenadines" );; line 96670 (wfb::telephone_system saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines international "VHF/UHF interisland links from Saint Vincent to Barbados; new SHF links to Grenada and to Saint Lucia" );; line 96673 (wfb::radio saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines broadcast_stations am 2 );; line 96679 (wfb::radio saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 96679 (wfb::radio saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 96679 (wfb::radio saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines radios n/a );; line 96681 (wfb::television saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines televisions n/a );; line 96688 (wfb::defense_branch saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines coast_guard_saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines );; line 96694 (wfb::markup-parameter figure san_marino "graphno=\"sm.tif\"" );; line 96704 (wfb::location san_marino "Southern Europe, an enclave in central Italy" );; line 96708 (wfb::map_references san_marino "Europe" );; line 96712 (wfb::area san_marino total_area (* 60 sq_km) );; line 96717 (wfb::area san_marino land_area (* 60 sq_km) );; line 96719 (wfb::area san_marino comparative_area "about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 96721 (wfb::borders san_marino total (* 39 km) );; line 96725 (wfb::borders san_marino italy (* 39 km) );; line 96725 (wfb::comment coastline san_marino "landlocked" );; line 96729 (wfb::coastline san_marino (* 0 km) );; line 96729 (wfb::maritime_claims san_marino "none; landlocked" );; line 96733 (wfb::international_disputes san_marino "none" );; line 96737 (wfb::climate san_marino "Mediterranean" );; line 96741 (wfb::climate san_marino "mild to cool winters" );; line 96741 (wfb::climate san_marino "warm, sunny summers" );; line 96741 (wfb::terrain san_marino "rugged mountains" );; line 96745 (wfb::natural-resource san_marino building_stone );; line 96749 (wfb::land_use san_marino arable_land (* 17 %) );; line 96754 (wfb::land_use san_marino permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 96756 (wfb::land_use san_marino meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 96758 (wfb::land_use san_marino forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 96760 (wfb::land_use san_marino other (* 83 %) );; line 96762 (wfb::irrigated_land san_marino (* n/a sq_km) );; line 96766 (wfb::environment san_marino international_agreements "NA" );; line 96771 (wfb::environment san_marino current_issues "NA" );; line 96773 (wfb::environment san_marino natural_hazards "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Nuclear Test Ban" );; line 96775 (wfb::environment san_marino natural_hazards "signed, but not ratified - Air Pollution" );; line 96775 (wfb::note san_marino "landlocked; smallest independent state in Europe after the Holy See and Monaco; dominated by the Apennines" );; line 96780 (wfb::estimation-date population san_marino date_jul_1995 );; line 96787 (wfb::population san_marino 24313 );; line 96787 (wfb::age_structure san_marino 0-14_years (* 16 %) );; line 96792 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex san_marino 0-14_years female 1944 );; line 96792 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex san_marino 0-14_years male 1962 );; line 96792 (wfb::age_structure san_marino 15-64_years (* 68 %) );; line 96794 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex san_marino 15-64_years female 8243 );; line 96794 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex san_marino 15-64_years male 8354 );; line 96794 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure san_marino 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 96796 (wfb::age_structure san_marino 65_years_and_over (* 16 %) );; line 96796 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex san_marino 65_years_and_over female 2198 );; line 96796 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex san_marino 65_years_and_over male 1612 );; line 96796 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate san_marino date_1995 );; line 96800 (wfb::population_growth_rate san_marino (* 0.88 %) );; line 96800 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate san_marino date_1995 );; line 96804 (wfb::birth_rate san_marino (* 10.98 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 96804 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate san_marino date_1995 );; line 96808 (wfb::death_rate san_marino (* 7.61 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 96808 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate san_marino date_1995 );; line 96812 (wfb::net_migration_rate san_marino (* 5.47 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 96812 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate san_marino date_1995 );; line 96816 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate san_marino (* 5.6 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 96816 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth san_marino total_population (* 81.27 years) );; line 96821 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth san_marino male (* 77.26 years) );; line 96823 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth san_marino female date_1995 );; line 96825 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth san_marino female (* 85.29 years) );; line 96825 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate san_marino date_1995 );; line 96829 (wfb::total_fertility_rate san_marino (* 1.52 children_born/woman) );; line 96829 (wfb::nationality san_marino noun "Sammarinese (singular and plural)" );; line 96834 (wfb::nationality san_marino adjective "Sammarinese" );; line 96836 (wfb::ethnic-entity san_marino sammarinese n/a );; line 96840 (wfb::ethnic-entity san_marino italian-ethnic-entity n/a );; line 96840 (wfb::religion san_marino roman_catholic n/a );; line 96844 (wfb::language san_marino italian n/a );; line 96848 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition san_marino date_1976 );; line 96852 (wfb::literacy-condition san_marino "age 10 and over can read and write" );; line 96852 (wfb::literacy san_marino total_population (* 96 %) );; line 96854 (wfb::literacy san_marino male (* 97 %) );; line 96856 (wfb::literacy san_marino female (* 95 %) );; line 96858 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation san_marino industry (* 42 %) );; line 96864 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation san_marino agriculture (* 3 %) );; line 96864 (wfb::names san_marino conventional_long_form "Republic of San Marino" );; line 96870 (wfb::names san_marino conventional_short_form "San Marino" );; line 96872 (wfb::names san_marino local_long_form "Repubblica di San Marino" );; line 96874 (wfb::names san_marino local_short_form "San Marino" );; line 96876 (wfb::digraph san_marino "SM" );; line 96880 (wfb::type san_marino "republic" );; line 96884 (wfb::capital san_marino san_marino-san_marino );; line 96888 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_san_marino_municipalities "municipalities" "castelli" "castello" );; line 96892 (wfb::administrative_divisions san_marino adm_div_san_marino_municipalities 9 );; line 96892 (wfb::administrative_division_of san_marino adm_div_san_marino_municipalities "Acquaviva" );; line 96892 (wfb::administrative_division_of san_marino adm_div_san_marino_municipalities "Borgo Maggiore" );; line 96892 (wfb::administrative_division_of san_marino adm_div_san_marino_municipalities "Chiesanuova" );; line 96892 (wfb::administrative_division_of san_marino adm_div_san_marino_municipalities "Domagnano" );; line 96892 (wfb::administrative_division_of san_marino adm_div_san_marino_municipalities "Faetano" );; line 96892 (wfb::administrative_division_of san_marino adm_div_san_marino_municipalities "Fiorentino" );; line 96892 (wfb::administrative_division_of san_marino adm_div_san_marino_municipalities "Monte Giardino" );; line 96892 (wfb::administrative_division_of san_marino adm_div_san_marino_municipalities "San Marino" );; line 96892 (wfb::administrative_division_of san_marino adm_div_san_marino_municipalities "Serravalle" );; line 96892 (wfb::comment independence san_marino "by tradition" );; line 96898 (wfb::independence san_marino date_301 "n/a" );; line 96898 (wfb::national_holiday san_marino "Anniversary of the Foundation of the Republic" date_3_sep );; line 96902 (wfb::constitution san_marino "8 October 1600; electoral law of 1926 serves some of the functions of a constitution" );; line 96906 (wfb::legal_system san_marino "based on civil law system with Italian law influences; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 96911 (wfb::comment suffrage san_marino " universal" );; line 96916 (wfb::suffrage san_marino (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 96916 (wfb::executive_branch san_marino co-chiefs_of_state "Captain Regent Marino BOLLINI and Captain Regent Settimio LONFERNINI (for the period 1 April 1995-30 September 1995)" );; line 96921 (wfb::executive_branch san_marino head_of_government "Secretary of State Gabriele GATTI " date_jul_1986 );; line 96924 (wfb::executive_branch san_marino cabinet "Congress of State" );; line 96926 (wfb::comment executive_branch san_marino "the popularly elected parliament (Great and General Council) selects two of its members to serve as the Captains Regent (Co-Chiefs of State) for a six-month period; they preside over meetings of the Great and General Council and its cabinet (Congress of State) which has ten other members, all selected by the Great and General Council; assisting the Captains Regent are three Secretaries of State - Foreign Affairs, Internal Affairs, and Finance - and several additional secretaries; the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs has come to assume many of the prerogatives of a prime minister" );; line 96928 (wfb::legislative_structure san_marino unicameral n/a );; line 96940 (wfb::legislative_branch san_marino "Great and General Council" "(Consiglio Grande e Generale) elections last held 30 May 1993 (next to be held by NA May 1998); results - PDCS 41.4%, PSS 23.7%, PDP 18.6%, ADP 7.7%, MD 5.3%, RC 3.3%; seats - (60 total) PDCS 26, PSS 14, PDP 11, ADP 4, MD 3, RC 2" );; line 96942 (wfb::judicial_branch san_marino "Council of Twelve (Consiglio dei XII)" );; line 96949 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders san_marino "Christian Democratic Party (PDCS), Cesare GASPERONI, secretary general; Democratic Progressive Party (PDP - formerly San Marino Communist Party (PSS)), Stefano MACINA, secretary general; San Marino Socialist Party (PSS), Maurizio RATTINI, secretary general; Democratic Movement (MD), Emilio Della BALDA; Popular Democratic Alliance (ADP); Communist Refoundation (RC), Guiseppe AMICHI, Renato FABBRI; Moderate Group, Alvaro SELVA; Social Democratic Party" );; line 96953 (wfb::member_of san_marino ce );; line 96963 (wfb::member_of san_marino ece );; line 96963 (wfb::member_of san_marino icao );; line 96963 (wfb::member_of san_marino icftu );; line 96963 (wfb::member_of san_marino icrm );; line 96963 (wfb::member_of san_marino ifrcs );; line 96963 (wfb::member_of san_marino ilo );; line 96963 (wfb::member_of san_marino imf );; line 96963 (wfb::member_of san_marino ioc );; line 96963 (wfb::member_of san_marino iom );; line 96963 (wfb::comment member_of san_marino iom "observer" );; line 96963 (wfb::member_of san_marino itu );; line 96963 (wfb::member_of san_marino nam );; line 96963 (wfb::comment member_of san_marino nam "guest" );; line 96963 (wfb::member_of san_marino osce );; line 96963 (wfb::member_of san_marino un );; line 96963 (wfb::member_of san_marino unctad );; line 96963 (wfb::member_of san_marino unesco );; line 96963 (wfb::member_of san_marino upu );; line 96963 (wfb::member_of san_marino who );; line 96963 (wfb::member_of san_marino wipo );; line 96963 (wfb::member_of san_marino wto );; line 96963 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us san_marino |honorary consulate(s) general| "Washington and New York" );; line 96969 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us san_marino |honorary consulate(s)| "Detroit" );; line 96971 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation san_marino "no mission in San Marino, but the Consul General in Florence (Italy) is accredited to San Marino" );; line 96975 (wfb::flag san_marino "two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and light blue with the national coat of arms superimposed in the center; the coat of arms has a shield (featuring three towers on three peaks) flanked by a wreath, below a crown and above a scroll bearing the word LIBERTAS (Liberty)" );; line 96980 (wfb::overview san_marino "The tourist sector contributes over 50% of GDP. In 1993 more than 3 million tourists visited San Marino. The key industries are banking, wearing apparel, electronics, and ceramics. Main agricultural products are wine and cheeses. The per capita level of output and standard of living are comparable to those of Italy, which supplies much of its food." );; line 96988 (wfb::estimation-date national_product san_marino date_1993 );; line 96996 (wfb::national_product san_marino (* 380e6 $) );; line 96996 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate san_marino date_1993 );; line 97000 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate san_marino (* 2.4 %) );; line 97000 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita san_marino date_1993 );; line 97004 (wfb::national_product_per_capita san_marino (* 15800 $) );; line 97004 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| san_marino "5.5% (1993)" );; line 97008 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate san_marino date_dec_1993 );; line 97012 (wfb::unemployment_rate san_marino (* 4.9 %) );; line 97012 (wfb::budget san_marino revenues (* 275e6 $) );; line 97017 (wfb::estimation-date budget san_marino date_1992 );; line 97019 (wfb::budget san_marino expenditures (* 275e6 $) );; line 97019 (wfb::budget san_marino capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 97019 (wfb::external_debt san_marino (* n/a $) );; line 97033 (wfb::industrial_production san_marino growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 97037 (wfb::industry san_marino tourism );; line 97045 (wfb::industry san_marino textiles );; line 97045 (wfb::industry san_marino electronics-industry );; line 97045 (wfb::industry san_marino ceramics );; line 97045 (wfb::industry san_marino cement );; line 97045 (wfb::industry san_marino wine-industry );; line 97045 (wfb::agriculture san_marino "employs 3% of labor force; products - wheat, grapes, maize, olives, meat, cheese, hides; small numbers of cattle, pigs, horses" );; line 97049 (wfb::economic_aid san_marino "$NA" );; line 97054 (wfb::abbreviation italian_lire "Lit" );; line 97058 (wfb::currency san_marino italian_lire 100 |centesimi; note - also mints its own coins| );; line 97058 (wfb::exchange_rates san_marino "Italian lire (Lit) per US$1 - 1,609.5 (January 1995), 1,612.4 (1994), 1,573.7 (1993), 1,232.4 (1992), 1,240.6 (1991), 1,198.1 (1990)" );; line 97063 (wfb::fiscal_year san_marino date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 97068 (wfb::railroads san_marino "0 km" );; line 97073 (wfb::highways san_marino total (* 104 km) );; line 97078 (wfb::telephone_system san_marino "11,700 telephones; automatic telephone system completely integrated into Italian system" );; line 97095 (wfb::telephone_system san_marino local "NA" );; line 97098 (wfb::telephone_system san_marino intercity "NA" );; line 97100 (wfb::telephone_system san_marino international "microwave and cable links into Italian networks; no communication satellite facilities" );; line 97102 (wfb::radio san_marino radios n/a );; line 97110 (wfb::television san_marino televisions n/a );; line 97117 (wfb::defense_branch san_marino public_security_or_police_force_san_marino );; line 97123 (wfb::markup-parameter figure sao_tome_and_principe "graphno=\"tp.tif\"" );; line 97133 (wfb::location sao_tome_and_principe "Western Africa, island in the Atlantic Ocean, straddling the equator, west of Gabon" );; line 97137 (wfb::map_references sao_tome_and_principe "Africa" );; line 97142 (wfb::area sao_tome_and_principe total_area (* 960 sq_km) );; line 97147 (wfb::area sao_tome_and_principe land_area (* 960 sq_km) );; line 97149 (wfb::area sao_tome_and_principe comparative_area "slightly less than 5.5 times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 97151 (wfb::coastline sao_tome_and_principe (* 209 km) );; line 97159 (wfb::maritime_claims sao_tome_and_principe exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 97165 (wfb::maritime_claims sao_tome_and_principe territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 97167 (wfb::international_disputes sao_tome_and_principe "none" );; line 97171 (wfb::climate sao_tome_and_principe "tropical" );; line 97175 (wfb::climate sao_tome_and_principe "hot, humid" );; line 97175 (wfb::climate sao_tome_and_principe "one rainy season (October to May)" );; line 97175 (wfb::terrain sao_tome_and_principe "volcanic, mountainous" );; line 97179 (wfb::natural-resource sao_tome_and_principe fish );; line 97183 (wfb::land_use sao_tome_and_principe arable_land (* 1 %) );; line 97188 (wfb::land_use sao_tome_and_principe permanent_crops (* 20 %) );; line 97190 (wfb::land_use sao_tome_and_principe meadows_and_pastures (* 1 %) );; line 97192 (wfb::land_use sao_tome_and_principe forest_and_woodland (* 75 %) );; line 97194 (wfb::land_use sao_tome_and_principe other (* 3 %) );; line 97196 (wfb::irrigated_land sao_tome_and_principe (* n/a sq_km) );; line 97200 (wfb::environment sao_tome_and_principe current_issues "deforestation" );; line 97205 (wfb::environment sao_tome_and_principe current_issues "soil erosion and exhaustion" );; line 97205 (wfb::environment sao_tome_and_principe natural_hazards "NA" );; line 97207 (wfb::environment sao_tome_and_principe international_agreements "party to - Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea" );; line 97209 (wfb::environment sao_tome_and_principe international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Climate Change" );; line 97209 (wfb::estimation-date population sao_tome_and_principe date_jul_1995 );; line 97216 (wfb::population sao_tome_and_principe 140423 );; line 97216 (wfb::age_structure sao_tome_and_principe 0-14_years (* 40 %) );; line 97221 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex sao_tome_and_principe 0-14_years female 27995 );; line 97221 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex sao_tome_and_principe 0-14_years male 28452 );; line 97221 (wfb::age_structure sao_tome_and_principe 15-64_years (* 55 %) );; line 97223 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex sao_tome_and_principe 15-64_years female 38846 );; line 97223 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex sao_tome_and_principe 15-64_years male 38619 );; line 97223 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure sao_tome_and_principe 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 97225 (wfb::age_structure sao_tome_and_principe 65_years_and_over (* 5 %) );; line 97225 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex sao_tome_and_principe 65_years_and_over female 3615 );; line 97225 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex sao_tome_and_principe 65_years_and_over male 2896 );; line 97225 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate sao_tome_and_principe date_1995 );; line 97229 (wfb::population_growth_rate sao_tome_and_principe (* 2.62 %) );; line 97229 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate sao_tome_and_principe date_1995 );; line 97233 (wfb::birth_rate sao_tome_and_principe (* 34.94 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 97233 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate sao_tome_and_principe date_1995 );; line 97237 (wfb::death_rate sao_tome_and_principe (* 8.7 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 97237 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate sao_tome_and_principe date_1995 );; line 97241 (wfb::net_migration_rate sao_tome_and_principe (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 97241 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate sao_tome_and_principe date_1995 );; line 97245 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate sao_tome_and_principe (* 62.1 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 97245 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth sao_tome_and_principe total_population (* 63.65 years) );; line 97250 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth sao_tome_and_principe male (* 61.76 years) );; line 97252 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth sao_tome_and_principe female date_1995 );; line 97254 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth sao_tome_and_principe female (* 65.59 years) );; line 97254 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate sao_tome_and_principe date_1995 );; line 97258 (wfb::total_fertility_rate sao_tome_and_principe (* 4.44 children_born/woman) );; line 97258 (wfb::nationality sao_tome_and_principe noun "Sao Tomean(s)" );; line 97263 (wfb::nationality sao_tome_and_principe adjective "Sao Tomean" );; line 97265 (wfb::comment ethnic_divisions sao_tome_and_principe "primarily Portuguese" );; line 97269 (wfb::ethnic-entity sao_tome_and_principe mestico n/a );; line 97269 (wfb::ethnic-entity sao_tome_and_principe angolares n/a );; line 97269 (wfb::ethnic-entity sao_tome_and_principe forros n/a );; line 97269 (wfb::ethnic-entity sao_tome_and_principe servicais n/a );; line 97269 (wfb::ethnic-entity sao_tome_and_principe tongas n/a );; line 97269 (wfb::ethnic-entity sao_tome_and_principe europeans n/a );; line 97269 (wfb::religion sao_tome_and_principe roman_catholic n/a );; line 97276 (wfb::religion sao_tome_and_principe evangelical_protestant n/a );; line 97276 (wfb::religion sao_tome_and_principe seventh-day_adventist n/a );; line 97276 (wfb::language sao_tome_and_principe portuguese n/a );; line 97280 (wfb::comment language sao_tome_and_principe portuguese "official" );; line 97280 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition sao_tome_and_principe date_1991 );; line 97284 (wfb::literacy-condition sao_tome_and_principe "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 97284 (wfb::literacy sao_tome_and_principe total_population (* 73 %) );; line 97286 (wfb::literacy sao_tome_and_principe male (* 85 %) );; line 97288 (wfb::literacy sao_tome_and_principe female (* 62 %) );; line 97290 (wfb::names sao_tome_and_principe conventional_long_form "Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe" );; line 97301 (wfb::names sao_tome_and_principe conventional_short_form "Sao Tome and Principe" );; line 97303 (wfb::names sao_tome_and_principe local_long_form "Republica Democratica de Sao Tome e Principe" );; line 97305 (wfb::names sao_tome_and_principe local_short_form "Sao Tome e Principe" );; line 97307 (wfb::digraph sao_tome_and_principe "TP" );; line 97311 (wfb::type sao_tome_and_principe "republic" );; line 97315 (wfb::capital sao_tome_and_principe sao_tome-sao_tome_and_principe );; line 97319 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_sao_tome_and_principe_districts "districts" "concelhos" "concelho" );; line 97323 (wfb::administrative_divisions sao_tome_and_principe adm_div_sao_tome_and_principe_districts 2 );; line 97323 (wfb::administrative_division_of sao_tome_and_principe adm_div_sao_tome_and_principe_districts "Principe" );; line 97323 (wfb::administrative_division_of sao_tome_and_principe adm_div_sao_tome_and_principe_districts "Sao Tome" );; line 97323 (wfb::independence sao_tome_and_principe date_12_jul_1975 "Portugal" );; line 97327 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1975 );; line 97331 (wfb::comment national_holiday sao_tome_and_principe "1975" );; line 97331 (wfb::national_holiday sao_tome_and_principe "Independence Day" date_12_jul );; line 97331 (wfb::constitution sao_tome_and_principe "approved March 1990; effective 10 September 1990" );; line 97335 (wfb::legal_system sao_tome_and_principe "based on Portuguese law system and customary law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 97339 (wfb::comment suffrage sao_tome_and_principe " universal" );; line 97344 (wfb::suffrage sao_tome_and_principe (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 97344 (wfb::comment executive_branch sao_tome_and_principe chief_of_state "election last held 3 March 1991 (next to be held NA March 1996)" );; line 97349 (wfb::comment executive_branch sao_tome_and_principe chief_of_state "results - Miguel TROVOADA was elected without opposition in Sao Tome's first multiparty presidential election" );; line 97349 (wfb::executive_branch sao_tome_and_principe chief_of_state "President Miguel TROVOADA " date_4_apr_1991 );; line 97349 (wfb::executive_branch sao_tome_and_principe head_of_government "Prime Minister Carlos da GRACA " date_25_oct_1994 );; line 97354 (wfb::comment executive_branch sao_tome_and_principe cabinet "appointed by the president on the proposal of the prime minister" );; line 97356 (wfb::executive_branch sao_tome_and_principe cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 97356 (wfb::legislative_structure sao_tome_and_principe unicameral n/a );; line 97361 (wfb::legislative_branch sao_tome_and_principe "National People's Assembly" "(Assembleia Popular Nacional) parliament dissolved by President TROVOADA in July 1994; early elections held 2 October 1994; results - MLSTP 27%, PCD-GR 25.5%, ADI 25.5%; seats - (55 total) MLSTP 27, PCD-GR 14, ADI 14" );; line 97363 (wfb::judicial_branch sao_tome_and_principe "Supreme Court" );; line 97369 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders sao_tome_and_principe "Party for Democratic Convergence-Reflection Group (PCD-GR), Daniel Lima Dos Santos DAIO, secretary general; Movement for the Liberation of Sao Tome and Principe (MLSTP), Carlos da GRACA; Christian Democratic Front (FDC), Alphonse Dos SANTOS; Democratic Opposition Coalition (CODO), leader NA; Independent Democratic Action (ADI), Gabriel COSTA; other small parties" );; line 97373 (wfb::member_of sao_tome_and_principe acp );; line 97381 (wfb::member_of sao_tome_and_principe afdb );; line 97381 (wfb::member_of sao_tome_and_principe ceeac );; line 97381 (wfb::member_of sao_tome_and_principe eca );; line 97381 (wfb::member_of sao_tome_and_principe fao );; line 97381 (wfb::member_of sao_tome_and_principe g-77 );; line 97381 (wfb::member_of sao_tome_and_principe ibrd );; line 97381 (wfb::member_of sao_tome_and_principe icao );; line 97381 (wfb::member_of sao_tome_and_principe icrm );; line 97381 (wfb::member_of sao_tome_and_principe ida );; line 97381 (wfb::member_of sao_tome_and_principe ifad );; line 97381 (wfb::member_of sao_tome_and_principe ifrcs );; line 97381 (wfb::member_of sao_tome_and_principe ilo );; line 97381 (wfb::member_of sao_tome_and_principe imf );; line 97381 (wfb::member_of sao_tome_and_principe imo );; line 97381 (wfb::member_of sao_tome_and_principe intelsat );; line 97381 (wfb::comment member_of sao_tome_and_principe intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 97381 (wfb::member_of sao_tome_and_principe interpol );; line 97381 (wfb::member_of sao_tome_and_principe ioc );; line 97381 (wfb::member_of sao_tome_and_principe iom );; line 97381 (wfb::comment member_of sao_tome_and_principe iom "observer" );; line 97381 (wfb::member_of sao_tome_and_principe itu );; line 97381 (wfb::member_of sao_tome_and_principe nam );; line 97381 (wfb::member_of sao_tome_and_principe oau );; line 97381 (wfb::member_of sao_tome_and_principe un );; line 97381 (wfb::member_of sao_tome_and_principe unctad );; line 97381 (wfb::member_of sao_tome_and_principe unesco );; line 97381 (wfb::member_of sao_tome_and_principe unido );; line 97381 (wfb::member_of sao_tome_and_principe upu );; line 97381 (wfb::member_of sao_tome_and_principe who );; line 97381 (wfb::member_of sao_tome_and_principe wmo );; line 97381 (wfb::member_of sao_tome_and_principe wto );; line 97381 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us sao_tome_and_principe "Sao Tome and Principe has no embassy in the US, but does have a Permanent Mission to the UN, headed by First Secretary Domingos AUGUSTO Ferreira, located at 122 East 42nd Street, Suite 1604, New York, NY 10168, telephone [1] (212) 697-4211" );; line 97387 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation sao_tome_and_principe "ambassador to Gabon is accredited to Sao Tome and Principe on a nonresident basis and makes periodic visits to the islands" );; line 97394 (wfb::flag sao_tome_and_principe "three horizontal bands of green (top), yellow (double width), and green with two black five-pointed stars placed side by side in the center of the yellow band and a red isosceles triangle based on the hoist side; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia" );; line 97399 (wfb::overview sao_tome_and_principe "This small poor island economy has remained dependent on cocoa since independence 20 years ago. Since then, however, cocoa production has gradually declined because of drought and mismanagement, so that by 1987 annual output had fallen from 10,000 tons to 3,900 tons. As a result, a shortage of cocoa for export has created a serious balance-of-payments problem. Production of less important crops, such as coffee, copra, and palm kernels, has also declined. The value of imports generally exceeds that of exports by a ratio of 4:1 or more. The emphasis on cocoa production at the expense of other food crops has meant that Sao Tome has to import 90% of food needs. It also has to import all fuels and most manufactured goods. Over the years, Sao Tome has been unable to service its external debt and has had to depend on concessional aid and debt rescheduling. Considerable potential exists for development of a tourist industry, and the government has taken steps to expand facilities in recent years. The government also has attempted to reduce price controls and subsidies and to encourage market-based mechanisms, e. g., to facilitate the distribution of imported food. Annual GDP growth is estimated in the 3%-4% range for 1994-96." );; line 97407 (wfb::estimation-date national_product sao_tome_and_principe date_1993 );; line 97427 (wfb::national_product sao_tome_and_principe (* 133e6 $) );; line 97427 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate sao_tome_and_principe (* n/a %) );; line 97431 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita sao_tome_and_principe date_1993 );; line 97435 (wfb::national_product_per_capita sao_tome_and_principe (* 1000 $) );; line 97435 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| sao_tome_and_principe "27% (1992 est.)" );; line 97439 (wfb::unemployment_rate sao_tome_and_principe (* n/a %) );; line 97443 (wfb::budget sao_tome_and_principe revenues (* 10.2e6 $) );; line 97448 (wfb::estimation-date budget sao_tome_and_principe date_1989 );; line 97450 (wfb::budget sao_tome_and_principe expenditures (* 36.8e6 $) );; line 97450 (wfb::budget sao_tome_and_principe capital_expenditures (* 22.5e6 $) );; line 97450 (wfb::exports sao_tome_and_principe (* 5.5e6 $) );; line 97455 (wfb::measurement-date exports sao_tome_and_principe date_1992 );; line 97457 (wfb::exports sao_tome_and_principe commodities cocoa (* 78 %) );; line 97457 (wfb::exports sao_tome_and_principe commodities copra n/a );; line 97457 (wfb::exports sao_tome_and_principe commodities coffee n/a );; line 97457 (wfb::exports sao_tome_and_principe commodities palm_oil-commodity n/a );; line 97457 (wfb::exports sao_tome_and_principe partners netherlands n/a );; line 97459 (wfb::exports sao_tome_and_principe partners germany n/a );; line 97459 (wfb::exports sao_tome_and_principe partners china n/a );; line 97459 (wfb::exports sao_tome_and_principe partners portugal n/a );; line 97459 (wfb::imports sao_tome_and_principe (* 31.5e6 $) );; line 97463 (wfb::measurement-date imports sao_tome_and_principe date_1992 );; line 97465 (wfb::imports sao_tome_and_principe commodities machinery_and_electrical_equipment (* 44 %) );; line 97465 (wfb::imports sao_tome_and_principe commodities food_products (* 18 %) );; line 97465 (wfb::imports sao_tome_and_principe commodities petroleum-commodity (* 11 %) );; line 97465 (wfb::imports sao_tome_and_principe partners portugal n/a );; line 97468 (wfb::imports sao_tome_and_principe partners japan n/a );; line 97468 (wfb::imports sao_tome_and_principe partners spain n/a );; line 97468 (wfb::imports sao_tome_and_principe partners france n/a );; line 97468 (wfb::imports sao_tome_and_principe partners angola n/a );; line 97468 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt sao_tome_and_principe date_1993 );; line 97472 (wfb::external_debt sao_tome_and_principe (* 237e6 $) );; line 97472 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1991 );; line 97476 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production sao_tome_and_principe date_1991 );; line 97476 (wfb::industrial_production sao_tome_and_principe growth_rate (* 1 %) );; line 97476 (wfb::industrial_production sao_tome_and_principe accounts_for (* 7 %_of_gdp) );; line 97476 (wfb::electricity sao_tome_and_principe capacity (* 5000 kw) );; line 97481 (wfb::electricity sao_tome_and_principe production (* 17e6 kwh) );; line 97483 (wfb::measurement-date electricity sao_tome_and_principe consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 97485 (wfb::electricity sao_tome_and_principe consumption_per_capita (* 105 kwh) );; line 97485 (wfb::industry sao_tome_and_principe light_construction );; line 97489 (wfb::industry sao_tome_and_principe shirts );; line 97489 (wfb::industry sao_tome_and_principe soap );; line 97489 (wfb::industry sao_tome_and_principe beer );; line 97489 (wfb::industry sao_tome_and_principe fisheries-industry );; line 97489 (wfb::industry sao_tome_and_principe shrimp_processing );; line 97489 (wfb::agriculture sao_tome_and_principe "accounts for 25% of GDP; dominant sector of economy, primary source of exports; cash crops - cocoa, coconuts, palm kernels, coffee; food products - bananas, papaya, beans, poultry, fish; not self-sufficient in food grain and meat" );; line 97494 (wfb::economic_aid sao_tome_and_principe recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $8 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $89 million" );; line 97502 (wfb::abbreviation dobra "Db" );; line 97507 (wfb::currency sao_tome_and_principe dobra 100 centimos );; line 97507 (wfb::exchange_rates sao_tome_and_principe "dobras (Db) per US$1 - 129.59 (1 July 1993), 230 (1992), 260.0 (November 1991), 122.48 (December 1988), 72.827 (1987)" );; line 97511 (wfb::fiscal_year sao_tome_and_principe date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 97516 (wfb::railroads sao_tome_and_principe "0 km" );; line 97521 (wfb::highways sao_tome_and_principe total (* 300 km) );; line 97526 (wfb::highways sao_tome_and_principe paved (* 200 km) );; line 97528 (wfb::highways sao_tome_and_principe unpaved (* 100 km) );; line 97530 (wfb::comment highways sao_tome_and_principe "roads on Principe are mostly unpaved and in need of repair" );; line 97532 (wfb::port sao_tome_and_principe santo_antonio-sao_tome_and_principe );; line 97536 (wfb::port sao_tome_and_principe sao_tome-sao_tome_and_principe );; line 97536 (wfb::merchant_marine sao_tome_and_principe total "1 cargo ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,096 GRT/1,105 DWT" );; line 97541 (wfb::airports sao_tome_and_principe total 2 );; line 97546 (wfb::airports sao_tome_and_principe |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 1 );; line 97548 (wfb::airports sao_tome_and_principe |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 97550 (wfb::telephone_system sao_tome_and_principe "NA; minimal system" );; line 97555 (wfb::telephone_system sao_tome_and_principe local "NA" );; line 97557 (wfb::telephone_system sao_tome_and_principe intercity "NA" );; line 97559 (wfb::telephone_system sao_tome_and_principe international "1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth station" );; line 97561 (wfb::radio sao_tome_and_principe broadcast_stations am 1 );; line 97566 (wfb::radio sao_tome_and_principe broadcast_stations fm 2 );; line 97566 (wfb::radio sao_tome_and_principe broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 97566 (wfb::radio sao_tome_and_principe radios n/a );; line 97568 (wfb::television sao_tome_and_principe broadcast_stations 0 );; line 97573 (wfb::television sao_tome_and_principe televisions n/a );; line 97575 (wfb::defense_branch sao_tome_and_principe army_sao_tome_and_principe );; line 97581 (wfb::defense_branch sao_tome_and_principe navy_sao_tome_and_principe );; line 97581 (wfb::defense_branch sao_tome_and_principe national_police_sao_tome_and_principe );; line 97581 (wfb::manpower_availability sao_tome_and_principe "males age 15-49 33,789; males fit for military service 17,752 (1995 est.)" );; line 97585 (wfb::markup-parameter figure saudi_arabia "graphno=\"sa.tif\"" );; line 97596 (wfb::location saudi_arabia "Middle East, bordering the Persian Gulf and the Red Sea, north of Yemen" );; line 97600 (wfb::map_references saudi_arabia "Middle East" );; line 97605 (wfb::area saudi_arabia total_area (* 1960582 sq_km) );; line 97610 (wfb::area saudi_arabia land_area (* 1960582 sq_km) );; line 97612 (wfb::area saudi_arabia comparative_area "slightly less than one-fourth the size of the US" );; line 97614 (wfb::borders saudi_arabia total (* 4415 km) );; line 97618 (wfb::borders saudi_arabia iraq (* 814 km) );; line 97618 (wfb::borders saudi_arabia jordan (* 728 km) );; line 97618 (wfb::borders saudi_arabia kuwait (* 222 km) );; line 97618 (wfb::borders saudi_arabia oman (* 676 km) );; line 97618 (wfb::borders saudi_arabia qatar (* 60 km) );; line 97618 (wfb::borders saudi_arabia uae (* 457 km) );; line 97618 (wfb::borders saudi_arabia yemen (* 1458 km) );; line 97618 (wfb::coastline saudi_arabia (* 2640 km) );; line 97623 (wfb::maritime_claims saudi_arabia contiguous_zone (* 18 nm) );; line 97628 (wfb::maritime_claims saudi_arabia territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 97632 (wfb::international_disputes saudi_arabia "large section of boundary with Yemen not defined" );; line 97636 (wfb::international_disputes saudi_arabia "status of boundary with UAE not final" );; line 97636 (wfb::international_disputes saudi_arabia "Kuwaiti ownership of Qaruh and Umm al Maradim islands is disputed by Saudi Arabia" );; line 97636 (wfb::climate saudi_arabia "harsh, dry desert with great extremes of temperature" );; line 97642 (wfb::terrain saudi_arabia "mostly uninhabited, sandy desert" );; line 97646 (wfb::natural-resource saudi_arabia petroleum );; line 97650 (wfb::natural-resource saudi_arabia natural_gas );; line 97650 (wfb::natural-resource saudi_arabia iron_ore );; line 97650 (wfb::natural-resource saudi_arabia gold );; line 97650 (wfb::natural-resource saudi_arabia copper );; line 97650 (wfb::land_use saudi_arabia arable_land (* 1 %) );; line 97655 (wfb::land_use saudi_arabia permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 97657 (wfb::land_use saudi_arabia meadows_and_pastures (* 39 %) );; line 97659 (wfb::land_use saudi_arabia forest_and_woodland (* 1 %) );; line 97661 (wfb::land_use saudi_arabia other (* 59 %) );; line 97663 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land saudi_arabia date_1989 );; line 97667 (wfb::irrigated_land saudi_arabia (* 4350 sq_km) );; line 97667 (wfb::environment saudi_arabia current_issues "desertification" );; line 97672 (wfb::environment saudi_arabia current_issues "depletion of underground water resources" );; line 97672 (wfb::environment saudi_arabia current_issues "the lack of perennial rivers or permanent water bodies has prompted the development of extensive seawater desalination facilities" );; line 97672 (wfb::environment saudi_arabia current_issues "coastal pollution from oil spills" );; line 97672 (wfb::environment saudi_arabia natural_hazards "frequent sand and dust storms" );; line 97677 (wfb::environment saudi_arabia international_agreements "party to - Climate Change, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection" );; line 97679 (wfb::environment saudi_arabia international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Law of the Sea" );; line 97679 (wfb::note saudi_arabia "extensive coastlines on Persian Gulf and Red Sea provide great leverage on shipping (especially crude oil) through Persian Gulf and Suez Canal" );; line 97684 (wfb::estimation-date population saudi_arabia date_jul_1995 );; line 97691 (wfb::population saudi_arabia 18729576 );; line 97691 (wfb::comment population saudi_arabia "a 1992 census gives the number of Saudi citizens as 12,304,835 and the number of residents who are not citizens as 4,624,459" );; line 97693 (wfb::age_structure saudi_arabia 0-14_years (* 43 %) );; line 97699 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex saudi_arabia 0-14_years female 3952573 );; line 97699 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex saudi_arabia 0-14_years male 4065224 );; line 97699 (wfb::age_structure saudi_arabia 15-64_years (* 55 %) );; line 97701 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex saudi_arabia 15-64_years female 4078001 );; line 97701 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex saudi_arabia 15-64_years male 6219737 );; line 97701 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure saudi_arabia 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 97703 (wfb::age_structure saudi_arabia 65_years_and_over (* 2 %) );; line 97703 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex saudi_arabia 65_years_and_over female 203372 );; line 97703 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex saudi_arabia 65_years_and_over male 210669 );; line 97703 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate saudi_arabia date_1995 );; line 97707 (wfb::population_growth_rate saudi_arabia (* 3.68 %) );; line 97707 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate saudi_arabia date_1995 );; line 97711 (wfb::birth_rate saudi_arabia (* 38.78 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 97711 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate saudi_arabia date_1995 );; line 97715 (wfb::death_rate saudi_arabia (* 5.54 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 97715 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate saudi_arabia date_1995 );; line 97719 (wfb::net_migration_rate saudi_arabia (* 3.56 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 97719 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate saudi_arabia date_1995 );; line 97723 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate saudi_arabia (* 48.9 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 97723 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth saudi_arabia total_population (* 68.5 years) );; line 97728 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth saudi_arabia male (* 66.79 years) );; line 97730 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth saudi_arabia female date_1995 );; line 97732 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth saudi_arabia female (* 70.3 years) );; line 97732 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate saudi_arabia date_1995 );; line 97736 (wfb::total_fertility_rate saudi_arabia (* 6.48 children_born/woman) );; line 97736 (wfb::nationality saudi_arabia noun "Saudi(s)" );; line 97741 (wfb::nationality saudi_arabia adjective "Saudi or Saudi Arabian" );; line 97743 (wfb::ethnic-entity saudi_arabia arab (* 90 %) );; line 97747 (wfb::ethnic-entity saudi_arabia afro-asian (* 10 %) );; line 97747 (wfb::religion saudi_arabia muslim (* 100 %) );; line 97751 (wfb::language saudi_arabia arabic n/a );; line 97755 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition saudi_arabia date_1990 );; line 97759 (wfb::literacy-condition saudi_arabia "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 97759 (wfb::literacy saudi_arabia total_population (* 62 %) );; line 97761 (wfb::literacy saudi_arabia male (* 73 %) );; line 97763 (wfb::literacy saudi_arabia female (* 48 %) );; line 97765 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation saudi_arabia government (* 34 %) );; line 97771 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation saudi_arabia industry_and_oil (* 28 %) );; line 97771 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation saudi_arabia services (* 22 %) );; line 97771 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation saudi_arabia agriculture (* 16 %) );; line 97771 (wfb::names saudi_arabia conventional_long_form "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia" );; line 97778 (wfb::names saudi_arabia conventional_short_form "Saudi Arabia" );; line 97780 (wfb::names saudi_arabia local_long_form "Al Mamlakah al Arabiyah as Suudiyah" );; line 97782 (wfb::names saudi_arabia local_short_form "Al Arabiyah as Suudiyah" );; line 97784 (wfb::digraph saudi_arabia "SA" );; line 97788 (wfb::type saudi_arabia "monarchy" );; line 97792 (wfb::capital saudi_arabia riyadh-saudi_arabia );; line 97796 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_saudi_arabia_provinces "provinces" "mintaqah" "mintaqat" );; line 97800 (wfb::administrative_divisions saudi_arabia adm_div_saudi_arabia_provinces 13 );; line 97800 (wfb::administrative_division_of saudi_arabia adm_div_saudi_arabia_provinces "Al Bahah" );; line 97800 (wfb::administrative_division_of saudi_arabia adm_div_saudi_arabia_provinces "Al Hudud ash Shamaliyah" );; line 97800 (wfb::administrative_division_of saudi_arabia adm_div_saudi_arabia_provinces "Al Jawf" );; line 97800 (wfb::administrative_division_of saudi_arabia adm_div_saudi_arabia_provinces "Al Madinah" );; line 97800 (wfb::administrative_division_of saudi_arabia adm_div_saudi_arabia_provinces "Al Qasim" );; line 97800 (wfb::administrative_division_of saudi_arabia adm_div_saudi_arabia_provinces "Ar Riyad" );; line 97800 (wfb::administrative_division_of saudi_arabia adm_div_saudi_arabia_provinces "Ash Sharqiyah" );; line 97800 (wfb::administrative_division_of saudi_arabia adm_div_saudi_arabia_provinces "Asir" );; line 97800 (wfb::administrative_division_of saudi_arabia adm_div_saudi_arabia_provinces "Hail" );; line 97800 (wfb::administrative_division_of saudi_arabia adm_div_saudi_arabia_provinces "Jizan" );; line 97800 (wfb::administrative_division_of saudi_arabia adm_div_saudi_arabia_provinces "Makkah" );; line 97800 (wfb::administrative_division_of saudi_arabia adm_div_saudi_arabia_provinces "Najran" );; line 97800 (wfb::administrative_division_of saudi_arabia adm_div_saudi_arabia_provinces "Tabuk" );; line 97800 (wfb::comment independence saudi_arabia "unification" );; line 97806 (wfb::independence saudi_arabia date_23_sep_1932 "n/a" );; line 97806 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1932 );; line 97810 (wfb::comment national_holiday saudi_arabia "1932" );; line 97810 (wfb::national_holiday saudi_arabia "Unification of the Kingdom" date_23_sep );; line 97810 (wfb::constitution saudi_arabia "none; governed according to Shari'a (Islamic law)" );; line 97814 (wfb::legal_system saudi_arabia "based on Islamic law, several secular codes have been introduced; commercial disputes handled by special committees; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 97818 (wfb::comment executive_branch saudi_arabia chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "Crown Prince and First Deputy Prime Minister ABDALLAH bin Abd al-Aziz Al Saud (half-brother to the King, appointed heir to the throne 13 June 1982)" );; line 97829 (wfb::executive_branch saudi_arabia chief_of_state "King and Prime Minister FAHD bin Abd al-Aziz Al Saud " date_13_jun_1982 );; line 97829 (wfb::executive_branch saudi_arabia head_of_government "King and Prime Minister FAHD bin Abd al-Aziz Al Saud " date_13_jun_1982 );; line 97829 (wfb::comment executive_branch saudi_arabia cabinet "dominated by royal family members appointed by the king" );; line 97834 (wfb::executive_branch saudi_arabia cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 97834 (wfb::judicial_branch saudi_arabia "Supreme Council of Justice" );; line 97844 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders saudi_arabia "none allowed" );; line 97848 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia abeda );; line 97852 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia afdb );; line 97852 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia afesd );; line 97852 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia al );; line 97852 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia amf );; line 97852 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia ccc );; line 97852 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia escwa );; line 97852 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia fao );; line 97852 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia g-19 );; line 97852 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia g-77 );; line 97852 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia gcc );; line 97852 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia iaea );; line 97852 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia ibrd );; line 97852 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia icao );; line 97852 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia icc );; line 97852 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia icrm );; line 97852 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia ida );; line 97852 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia idb );; line 97852 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia ifad );; line 97852 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia ifc );; line 97852 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia ifrcs );; line 97852 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia ilo );; line 97852 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia imf );; line 97852 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia imo );; line 97852 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia inmarsat );; line 97852 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia intelsat );; line 97852 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia interpol );; line 97852 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia ioc );; line 97852 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia iso );; line 97852 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia itu );; line 97852 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia nam );; line 97852 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia oapec );; line 97852 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia oas );; line 97852 (wfb::comment member_of saudi_arabia oas "observer" );; line 97852 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia oic );; line 97852 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia opec );; line 97852 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia un );; line 97852 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia unctad );; line 97852 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia unesco );; line 97852 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia unido );; line 97852 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia upu );; line 97852 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia wftu );; line 97852 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia who );; line 97852 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia wipo );; line 97852 (wfb::member_of saudi_arabia wmo );; line 97852 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us saudi_arabia chief_of_mission "Ambassador BANDAR bin Sultan Abd al-Aziz Al Saud" );; line 97860 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us saudi_arabia chancery "601 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20037" );; line 97862 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us saudi_arabia telephone "[1] (202) 342-3800" );; line 97864 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us saudi_arabia |consulate(s) general| "Houston, Los Angeles, and New York" );; line 97866 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation saudi_arabia chief_of_mission "Ambassador Raymond E. MABUS, Jr." );; line 97871 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation saudi_arabia embassy "Collector Road M, Diplomatic Quarter, Riyadh" );; line 97873 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation saudi_arabia mailing_address "American Embassy, Unit 61307, Riyadh; International Mail: P. O. Box 94309, Riyadh 11693; APO AE 09803-1307" );; line 97875 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation saudi_arabia telephone "[966] (1) 488-3800" );; line 97878 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation saudi_arabia fax "[966] (1) 482-4364" );; line 97880 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation saudi_arabia |consulate(s) general| "Dhahran, Jiddah (Jeddah)" );; line 97882 (wfb::flag saudi_arabia "green with large white Arabic script (that may be translated as There is no God but God; Muhammad is the Messenger of God) above a white horizontal saber (the tip points to the hoist side); green is the traditional color of Islam" );; line 97886 (wfb::overview saudi_arabia "This is a well-to-do oil-based economy with strong government controls over major economic activities. About 46% of GDP comes from the private sector. Economic (as well as political) ties with the US are especially strong. The petroleum sector accounts for roughly 75% of budget revenues, 35% of GDP, and almost all export earnings. Saudi Arabia has the largest reserves of petroleum in the world (26% of the proved total), ranks as the largest exporter of petroleum, and plays a leading role in OPEC. For the 1990s the government intends to bring its budget, which has been in deficit since 1983, back into balance, and to encourage private economic activity. Roughly four million foreign workers play an important role in the Saudi economy, for example, in the oil and banking sectors. For about a decade, Saudi Arabia's domestic and international outlays have outstripped its income, and the government has cut its foreign assistance and is beginning to rein in domestic programs. For 1995, the country looks for improvement in oil prices and will continue its policies of restraining public spending and encouraging non-oil exports." );; line 97894 (wfb::estimation-date national_product saudi_arabia date_1994 );; line 97913 (wfb::national_product saudi_arabia (* 173.1e9 $) );; line 97913 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate saudi_arabia date_1994 );; line 97917 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate saudi_arabia (* -3 %) );; line 97917 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita saudi_arabia date_1994 );; line 97921 (wfb::national_product_per_capita saudi_arabia (* 9510 $) );; line 97921 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| saudi_arabia "1% (1993 est.)" );; line 97925 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate saudi_arabia date_1992 );; line 97929 (wfb::unemployment_rate saudi_arabia (* 6.5 %) );; line 97929 (wfb::budget saudi_arabia revenues (* 39e9 $) );; line 97934 (wfb::estimation-date budget saudi_arabia date_1993 );; line 97936 (wfb::budget saudi_arabia expenditures (* 50e9 $) );; line 97936 (wfb::budget saudi_arabia capital_expenditures (* 7.5e9 $) );; line 97936 (wfb::exports saudi_arabia (* 39.4e9 $) );; line 97941 (wfb::measurement-date exports saudi_arabia date_1992 );; line 97945 (wfb::exports saudi_arabia partners us (* 20 %) );; line 97945 (wfb::exports saudi_arabia partners japan (* 18 %) );; line 97945 (wfb::exports saudi_arabia partners singapore (* 5 %) );; line 97945 (wfb::exports saudi_arabia partners france (* 5 %) );; line 97945 (wfb::exports saudi_arabia partners south_korea (* 5 %) );; line 97945 (wfb::imports saudi_arabia (* 28.9e9 $) );; line 97949 (wfb::imports saudi_arabia commodities machinery_and_equipment n/a );; line 97951 (wfb::imports saudi_arabia commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 97951 (wfb::imports saudi_arabia commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 97951 (wfb::imports saudi_arabia commodities motor_vehicles-commodity n/a );; line 97951 (wfb::imports saudi_arabia commodities textiles-commodity n/a );; line 97951 (wfb::measurement-date imports saudi_arabia date_1992 );; line 97954 (wfb::imports saudi_arabia partners us (* 21 %) );; line 97954 (wfb::imports saudi_arabia partners japan (* 14 %) );; line 97954 (wfb::imports saudi_arabia partners uk (* 11 %) );; line 97954 (wfb::imports saudi_arabia partners germany (* 8 %) );; line 97954 (wfb::imports saudi_arabia partners italy (* 6 %) );; line 97954 (wfb::imports saudi_arabia partners france (* 5 %) );; line 97954 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1991 );; line 97963 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production saudi_arabia date_1991 );; line 97963 (wfb::industrial_production saudi_arabia growth_rate (* 20 %) );; line 97963 (wfb::industrial_production saudi_arabia accounts_for (* 35 %_of_gdp) );; line 97963 (wfb::electricity saudi_arabia capacity (* 17550000 kw) );; line 97969 (wfb::electricity saudi_arabia production (* 46e9 kwh) );; line 97971 (wfb::measurement-date electricity saudi_arabia consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 97973 (wfb::electricity saudi_arabia consumption_per_capita (* 2430 kwh) );; line 97973 (wfb::industry saudi_arabia crude_oil_production );; line 97977 (wfb::industry saudi_arabia petroleum_refining );; line 97977 (wfb::industry saudi_arabia basic_petrochemicals );; line 97977 (wfb::industry saudi_arabia cement );; line 97977 (wfb::industry saudi_arabia two_small_steel-rolling_mills );; line 97977 (wfb::industry saudi_arabia construction-industry );; line 97977 (wfb::industry saudi_arabia fertilizer );; line 97977 (wfb::industry saudi_arabia plastics );; line 97977 (wfb::agriculture saudi_arabia "accounts for about 10% of GDP, 16% of labor force; subsidized by government; products - wheat, barley, tomatoes, melons, dates, citrus fruit, mutton, chickens, eggs, milk; approaching self-sufficiency in food" );; line 97982 (wfb::illicit_drugs saudi_arabia "death penalty for traffickers; increasing consumption of heroin and cocaine" );; line 97988 (wfb::economic_aid saudi_arabia donor "pledged bilateral aid (1979-89), $64.7 billion; pledged $100 million in 1993 to fund reconstruction of Lebanon" );; line 97994 (wfb::abbreviation saudi_riyal "SR" );; line 97999 (wfb::currency saudi_arabia saudi_riyal 100 halalah );; line 97999 (wfb::exchange_rates saudi_arabia "Saudi riyals (SR) per US$1 - 3.7450 (fixed rate since late 1986), 3.7033 (1986)" );; line 98003 (wfb::fiscal_year saudi_arabia date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 98008 (wfb::railroads saudi_arabia total "1,390 km" );; line 98014 (wfb::railroads saudi_arabia standard_gauge "1,390 km 1.435-m gauge (448 km double track)" );; line 98016 (wfb::highways saudi_arabia total (* 151530 km) );; line 98021 (wfb::highways saudi_arabia paved (* 60610 km) );; line 98023 (wfb::estimation-date highways saudi_arabia date_1992 );; line 98025 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 6400 km) );; line 98029 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 150 km) );; line 98029 (wfb::comment pipelines saudi_arabia "includes natural gas liquids 1,600 km" );; line 98029 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 2200 km) );; line 98029 (wfb::port saudi_arabia ad_dammam-saudi_arabia );; line 98034 (wfb::port saudi_arabia al_jubayl-saudi_arabia );; line 98034 (wfb::port saudi_arabia duba-saudi_arabia );; line 98034 (wfb::port saudi_arabia jiddah-saudi_arabia );; line 98034 (wfb::port saudi_arabia jizan-saudi_arabia );; line 98034 (wfb::port saudi_arabia rabigh-saudi_arabia );; line 98034 (wfb::port saudi_arabia ras_al_khafji-saudi_arabia );; line 98034 (wfb::port saudi_arabia ras_al_mishab-saudi_arabia );; line 98034 (wfb::port saudi_arabia ras_tanura-saudi_arabia );; line 98034 (wfb::port saudi_arabia |Yanbu' al Bahr-saudi_arabia| );; line 98034 (wfb::port saudi_arabia |Yanbu' al Sinaiyah-saudi_arabia| );; line 98034 (wfb::merchant_marine saudi_arabia total "71 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 855,452 GRT/1,233,477 DWT" );; line 98040 (wfb::merchant_marine saudi_arabia ships_by_type "bulk 1, cargo 12, chemical tanker 5, container 3, liquefied gas tanker 1, livestock carrier 4, oil tanker 22, passenger 1, refrigerated cargo 4, roll-on/roll-off cargo 11, short-sea passenger 7" );; line 98042 (wfb::airports saudi_arabia total 211 );; line 98049 (wfb::airports saudi_arabia |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 30 );; line 98051 (wfb::airports saudi_arabia |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 12 );; line 98053 (wfb::airports saudi_arabia |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 22 );; line 98055 (wfb::airports saudi_arabia |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 4 );; line 98057 (wfb::airports saudi_arabia with_paved_runways_under_914_m 21 );; line 98059 (wfb::airports saudi_arabia |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 6 );; line 98061 (wfb::airports saudi_arabia |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 73 );; line 98063 (wfb::airports saudi_arabia |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 43 );; line 98065 (wfb::telephone_system saudi_arabia "1,624,000 telephones; modern system" );; line 98070 (wfb::telephone_system saudi_arabia local "NA" );; line 98072 (wfb::telephone_system saudi_arabia intercity "extensive microwave and coaxial and fiber optic cable systems" );; line 98074 (wfb::telephone_system saudi_arabia international "microwave radio relay to Bahrain, Jordan, Kuwait, Qatar, UAE, Yemen, and Sudan; coaxial cable to Kuwait and Jordan; submarine cable to Djibouti, Egypt and Bahrain; earth stations - 5 INTELSAT (3 Atlantic Ocean and 2 Indian Ocean), 1 ARABSAT, and 1 INMARSAT" );; line 98076 (wfb::radio saudi_arabia broadcast_stations am 43 );; line 98084 (wfb::radio saudi_arabia broadcast_stations fm 13 );; line 98084 (wfb::radio saudi_arabia broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 98084 (wfb::radio saudi_arabia radios n/a );; line 98086 (wfb::television saudi_arabia broadcast_stations 80 );; line 98091 (wfb::television saudi_arabia televisions n/a );; line 98093 (wfb::comment defense_branch saudi_arabia land_force_saudi_arabia "Army" );; line 98099 (wfb::defense_branch saudi_arabia land_force_saudi_arabia );; line 98099 (wfb::defense_branch saudi_arabia navy_saudi_arabia );; line 98099 (wfb::defense_branch saudi_arabia air_force_saudi_arabia );; line 98099 (wfb::defense_branch saudi_arabia air_defense_force_saudi_arabia );; line 98099 (wfb::defense_branch saudi_arabia national_guard_saudi_arabia );; line 98099 (wfb::defense_branch saudi_arabia coast_guard_saudi_arabia );; line 98099 (wfb::defense_branch saudi_arabia frontier_forces_saudi_arabia );; line 98099 (wfb::defense_branch saudi_arabia special_security_force_saudi_arabia );; line 98099 (wfb::defense_branch saudi_arabia public_security_force_saudi_arabia );; line 98099 (wfb::manpower_availability saudi_arabia "males age 15-49 5,303,679; males fit for military service 2,949,842; males reach military age (17) annually 164,220 (1995 est.)" );; line 98105 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures saudi_arabia date_1994 );; line 98110 (wfb::defense_expenditures saudi_arabia (* 17.2e9 $) );; line 98110 (wfb::defense_expenditures saudi_arabia (* 13.8 %_of_gdp) );; line 98110 (wfb::markup-parameter figure senegal "graphno=\"sg.tif\"" );; line 98116 (wfb::location senegal "Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Guinea-Bissau and Mauritania" );; line 98120 (wfb::map_references senegal "Africa" );; line 98125 (wfb::area senegal total_area (* 196190 sq_km) );; line 98130 (wfb::area senegal land_area (* 192000 sq_km) );; line 98132 (wfb::area senegal comparative_area "slightly smaller than South Dakota" );; line 98134 (wfb::borders senegal total (* 2640 km) );; line 98138 (wfb::borders senegal the_gambia (* 740 km) );; line 98138 (wfb::borders senegal guinea (* 330 km) );; line 98138 (wfb::borders senegal guinea-bissau (* 338 km) );; line 98138 (wfb::borders senegal mali (* 419 km) );; line 98138 (wfb::borders senegal mauritania (* 813 km) );; line 98138 (wfb::coastline senegal (* 531 km) );; line 98143 (wfb::maritime_claims senegal contiguous_zone (* 24 nm) );; line 98148 (wfb::maritime_claims senegal exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 98152 (wfb::maritime_claims senegal territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 98154 (wfb::international_disputes senegal "short section of the boundary with The Gambia is indefinite" );; line 98158 (wfb::international_disputes senegal "boundary with Mauritania in dispute;" );; line 98158 (wfb::climate senegal "tropical" );; line 98163 (wfb::climate senegal "hot, humid" );; line 98163 (wfb::climate senegal "rainy season (December to April) has strong southeast winds" );; line 98163 (wfb::climate senegal "dry season (May to November) dominated by hot, dry harmattan wind" );; line 98163 (wfb::terrain senegal "generally low, rolling, plains rising to foothills in southeast" );; line 98169 (wfb::natural-resource senegal fish );; line 98173 (wfb::natural-resource senegal phosphates );; line 98173 (wfb::natural-resource senegal iron_ore );; line 98173 (wfb::land_use senegal arable_land (* 27 %) );; line 98178 (wfb::land_use senegal permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 98180 (wfb::land_use senegal meadows_and_pastures (* 30 %) );; line 98182 (wfb::land_use senegal forest_and_woodland (* 31 %) );; line 98184 (wfb::land_use senegal other (* 12 %) );; line 98186 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land senegal date_1989 );; line 98190 (wfb::irrigated_land senegal (* 1800 sq_km) );; line 98190 (wfb::environment senegal current_issues "wildlife populations threatened by poaching" );; line 98195 (wfb::environment senegal current_issues "deforestation" );; line 98195 (wfb::environment senegal current_issues "overgrazing" );; line 98195 (wfb::environment senegal current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 98195 (wfb::environment senegal current_issues "desertification" );; line 98195 (wfb::environment senegal current_issues "overfishing" );; line 98195 (wfb::environment senegal natural_hazards "lowlands seasonally flooded" );; line 98198 (wfb::environment senegal natural_hazards "periodic droughts" );; line 98198 (wfb::environment senegal international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands, Whaling" );; line 98200 (wfb::environment senegal international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Desertification, Marine Dumping" );; line 98200 (wfb::note senegal "The Gambia is almost an enclave of Senegal" );; line 98207 (wfb::estimation-date population senegal date_jul_1995 );; line 98213 (wfb::population senegal 9007080 );; line 98213 (wfb::age_structure senegal 0-14_years (* 45 %) );; line 98218 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex senegal 0-14_years female 2004514 );; line 98218 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex senegal 0-14_years male 2021251 );; line 98218 (wfb::age_structure senegal 15-64_years (* 52 %) );; line 98220 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex senegal 15-64_years female 2398609 );; line 98220 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex senegal 15-64_years male 2301236 );; line 98220 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure senegal 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 98222 (wfb::age_structure senegal 65_years_and_over (* 3 %) );; line 98222 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex senegal 65_years_and_over female 140128 );; line 98222 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex senegal 65_years_and_over male 141342 );; line 98222 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate senegal date_1995 );; line 98226 (wfb::population_growth_rate senegal (* 3.12 %) );; line 98226 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate senegal date_1995 );; line 98230 (wfb::birth_rate senegal (* 42.87 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 98230 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate senegal date_1995 );; line 98234 (wfb::death_rate senegal (* 11.64 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 98234 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate senegal date_1995 );; line 98238 (wfb::net_migration_rate senegal (* n/a |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 98238 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate senegal date_1995 );; line 98242 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate senegal (* 73.6 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 98242 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth senegal total_population (* 57.16 years) );; line 98247 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth senegal male (* 55.65 years) );; line 98249 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth senegal female date_1995 );; line 98251 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth senegal female (* 58.71 years) );; line 98251 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate senegal date_1995 );; line 98255 (wfb::total_fertility_rate senegal (* 6.03 children_born/woman) );; line 98255 (wfb::nationality senegal noun "Senegalese (singular and plural)" );; line 98260 (wfb::nationality senegal adjective "Senegalese" );; line 98262 (wfb::ethnic-entity senegal wolof-ethnic-entity (* 36 %) );; line 98266 (wfb::ethnic-entity senegal fulani (* 17 %) );; line 98266 (wfb::ethnic-entity senegal serer (* 17 %) );; line 98266 (wfb::ethnic-entity senegal toucouleur (* 9 %) );; line 98266 (wfb::ethnic-entity senegal diola (* 9 %) );; line 98266 (wfb::ethnic-entity senegal mandingo (* 9 %) );; line 98266 (wfb::ethnic-entity senegal european_and_lebanese (* 1 %) );; line 98266 (wfb::comment religions senegal "mostly Roman Catholic" );; line 98271 (wfb::religion senegal muslim (* 92 %) );; line 98271 (wfb::religion senegal indigenous_beliefs (* 6 %) );; line 98271 (wfb::religion senegal christian (* 2 %) );; line 98271 (wfb::language senegal french n/a );; line 98276 (wfb::comment language senegal french "official" );; line 98276 (wfb::language senegal wolof n/a );; line 98276 (wfb::language senegal pulaar n/a );; line 98276 (wfb::language senegal diola-language-group n/a );; line 98276 (wfb::language senegal mandingo-language-group n/a );; line 98276 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition senegal date_1988 );; line 98280 (wfb::literacy-condition senegal "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 98280 (wfb::literacy senegal total_population (* 27 %) );; line 98282 (wfb::literacy senegal male (* 37 %) );; line 98284 (wfb::literacy senegal female (* 18 %) );; line 98286 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation senegal private_sector (* 40 %) );; line 98293 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation senegal government_and_parapublic (* 60 %) );; line 98293 (wfb::names senegal conventional_long_form "Republic of Senegal" );; line 98299 (wfb::names senegal conventional_short_form "Senegal" );; line 98301 (wfb::names senegal local_long_form "Republique du Senegal" );; line 98303 (wfb::names senegal local_short_form "Senegal" );; line 98305 (wfb::digraph senegal "SG" );; line 98309 (wfb::type senegal "republic under multiparty democratic rule" );; line 98313 (wfb::capital senegal dakar-senegal );; line 98317 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_senegal_regions "regions" "regions" "region" );; line 98321 (wfb::administrative_divisions senegal adm_div_senegal_regions 10 );; line 98321 (wfb::administrative_division_of senegal adm_div_senegal_regions "Dakar" );; line 98321 (wfb::administrative_division_of senegal adm_div_senegal_regions "Diourbel" );; line 98321 (wfb::administrative_division_of senegal adm_div_senegal_regions "Fatick" );; line 98321 (wfb::administrative_division_of senegal adm_div_senegal_regions "Kaolack" );; line 98321 (wfb::administrative_division_of senegal adm_div_senegal_regions "Kolda" );; line 98321 (wfb::administrative_division_of senegal adm_div_senegal_regions "Louga" );; line 98321 (wfb::administrative_division_of senegal adm_div_senegal_regions "Saint-Louis" );; line 98321 (wfb::administrative_division_of senegal adm_div_senegal_regions "Tambacounda" );; line 98321 (wfb::administrative_division_of senegal adm_div_senegal_regions "Thies" );; line 98321 (wfb::administrative_division_of senegal adm_div_senegal_regions "Ziguinchor" );; line 98321 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1960 );; line 98333 (wfb::comment national_holiday senegal "1960" );; line 98333 (wfb::national_holiday senegal "Independence Day" date_4_apr );; line 98333 (wfb::constitution senegal "3 March 1963, revised 1991" );; line 98337 (wfb::legal_system senegal "based on French civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts in Supreme Court, which also audits the government's accounting office; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 98341 (wfb::comment suffrage senegal " universal" );; line 98347 (wfb::suffrage senegal (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 98347 (wfb::comment executive_branch senegal chief_of_state "election last held 21 February 1993 (next to be held NA February 2000)" );; line 98352 (wfb::comment executive_branch senegal chief_of_state "results - Abdou DIOUF (PS) 58.4%, Abdoulaye WADE (PDS) 32.03%, other 9.57%" );; line 98352 (wfb::executive_branch senegal chief_of_state "President Abdou DIOUF " date_1_jan_1981 );; line 98352 (wfb::executive_branch senegal head_of_government "Prime Minister Habib THIAM " date_7_apr_1991 );; line 98356 (wfb::comment executive_branch senegal cabinet "appointed by the prime minister in consultation with the president" );; line 98358 (wfb::executive_branch senegal cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 98358 (wfb::legislative_structure senegal unicameral n/a );; line 98363 (wfb::legislative_branch senegal "National Assembly (Assemblee Nationale)" "elections last held 9 May 1993 (next to be held NA May 1998); results - PS 70%, PDS 23%, other 7%; seats - (120 total) PS 84, PDS 27, LD-MPT 3, Let Us Unite Senegal 3, PIT 2, UDS-R 1" );; line 98365 (wfb::judicial_branch senegal "Supreme Court (Cour Supreme)" );; line 98371 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders senegal "Socialist Party (PS), President Abdou DIOUF; Senegalese Democratic Party (PDS), Abdoulaye WADE; Democratic League-Labor Party Movement (LD-MPT), Dr. Abdoulaye BATHILY; Independent Labor Party (PIT), Amath DANSOKHO; Senegalese Democratic Union-Renewal (UDS-R), Mamadou Puritain FALL; Let Us Unite Senegal (coalition of African Party for Democracy and Socialism and National Democratic Rally); other small uninfluential parties" );; line 98375 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups senegal "students; teachers; labor; Muslim Brotherhoods" );; line 98384 (wfb::member_of senegal acct );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal acp );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal afdb );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal ccc );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal ceao );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal eca );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal ecowas );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal fao );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal fz );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal g-15 );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal g-77 );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal gatt );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal iaea );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal ibrd );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal icao );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal icc );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal icftu );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal icrm );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal ida );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal idb );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal ifad );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal ifc );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal ifrcs );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal ilo );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal imf );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal imo );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal inmarsat );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal intelsat );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal interpol );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal ioc );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal iom );; line 98388 (wfb::comment member_of senegal iom "observer" );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal itu );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal nam );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal oau );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal oic );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal pca );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal un );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal unamir );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal unctad );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal unesco );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal unido );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal unikom );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal unmih );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal unomur );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal upu );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal wadb );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal wcl );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal wftu );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal who );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal wipo );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal wmo );; line 98388 (wfb::member_of senegal wto );; line 98388 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us senegal chief_of_mission "Ambassador Mamadou Mansour SECK" );; line 98397 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us senegal chancery "2112 Wyoming Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 98399 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us senegal telephone "[1] (202) 234-0540, 0541" );; line 98401 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation senegal chief_of_mission "Ambassador Mark JOHNSON" );; line 98406 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation senegal embassy "Avenue Jean XXIII at the corner of Avenue Kleber, Dakar" );; line 98408 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation senegal mailing_address "B. P. 49, Dakar" );; line 98410 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation senegal telephone "[221] 23 42 96, 23 34 24" );; line 98412 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation senegal fax "[221] 22 29 91" );; line 98414 (wfb::flag senegal "three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), yellow, and red with a small green five-pointed star centered in the yellow band; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia" );; line 98418 (wfb::overview senegal "In 1994 Senegal embarked on its most concerted structural adjustment effort yet to exploit the 50% devaluation of the currencies of the 14 Francophone African nations on 12 January. After years of foot-dragging, the government finally passed a liberalized labor code which should significantly help lower the cost of labor and improve the manufacturing sector's competitiveness. Inroads also have been made in closing tax loopholes and eliminating monopoly power in several sectors. At the same time the government is holding the line on current fiscal expenditure under the watchful eyes of international organizations on which it depends for substantial support. A bumper peanut crop - Senegal's main source of foreign exchange - coincided with an improvement of international prices and probably resulted in a doubling of earnings in 1994 over 1993. The country's narrow resource base, environmental degradation, and untamed population growth will continue to hold back growth in living standards over the medium term." );; line 98425 (wfb::estimation-date national_product senegal date_1993 );; line 98442 (wfb::national_product senegal (* 12.3e9 $) );; line 98442 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate senegal date_1993 );; line 98446 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate senegal (* -2 %) );; line 98446 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita senegal date_1993 );; line 98450 (wfb::national_product_per_capita senegal (* 1450 $) );; line 98450 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| senegal "-1.8% (1991 est.)" );; line 98454 (wfb::unemployment_rate senegal (* n/a %) );; line 98458 (wfb::budget senegal revenues (* 1.2e9 $) );; line 98463 (wfb::estimation-date budget senegal date_1992 );; line 98465 (wfb::budget senegal expenditures (* 1.2e9 $) );; line 98465 (wfb::budget senegal capital_expenditures (* 269e6 $) );; line 98465 (wfb::exports senegal (* 904e6 $) );; line 98470 (wfb::exports senegal commodities fish-commodity n/a );; line 98472 (wfb::exports senegal commodities ground_nuts n/a );; line 98472 (wfb::exports senegal commodities petroleum_products-commodity n/a );; line 98472 (wfb::exports senegal commodities phosphates-commodity n/a );; line 98472 (wfb::exports senegal commodities cotton n/a );; line 98472 (wfb::exports senegal partners france n/a );; line 98475 (wfb::exports senegal partners |Cote d'Ivoire| n/a );; line 98475 (wfb::exports senegal partners mali n/a );; line 98475 (wfb::imports senegal (* 1.2e9 $) );; line 98479 (wfb::imports senegal commodities foods_and_beverages n/a );; line 98481 (wfb::imports senegal commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 98481 (wfb::imports senegal commodities capital_goods n/a );; line 98481 (wfb::imports senegal commodities petroleum-commodity n/a );; line 98481 (wfb::imports senegal partners france n/a );; line 98483 (wfb::imports senegal partners nigeria n/a );; line 98483 (wfb::imports senegal partners |Cote d'Ivoire| n/a );; line 98483 (wfb::imports senegal partners algeria n/a );; line 98483 (wfb::imports senegal partners china n/a );; line 98483 (wfb::imports senegal partners japan n/a );; line 98483 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt senegal date_1990 );; line 98488 (wfb::external_debt senegal (* 2.9e9 $) );; line 98488 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1991 );; line 98492 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production senegal date_1991 );; line 98492 (wfb::industrial_production senegal growth_rate (* 1.9 %) );; line 98492 (wfb::industrial_production senegal accounts_for (* 15 %_of_gdp) );; line 98492 (wfb::electricity senegal capacity (* 230000 kw) );; line 98497 (wfb::electricity senegal production (* 720e6 kwh) );; line 98499 (wfb::measurement-date electricity senegal consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 98501 (wfb::electricity senegal consumption_per_capita (* 79 kwh) );; line 98501 (wfb::industry senegal agricultural_and_fish_processing );; line 98505 (wfb::industry senegal phosphate_mining );; line 98505 (wfb::industry senegal petroleum_refining );; line 98505 (wfb::industry senegal building_materials-industry );; line 98505 (wfb::agriculture senegal "accounts for 20% of GDP; major products - peanuts (cash crop), millet, corn, sorghum, rice, cotton, tomatoes, green vegetables; estimated two-thirds self-sufficient in food; fish catch of 354,000 metric tons in 1990" );; line 98510 (wfb::illicit_drugs senegal "transshipment point for Southwest and Southeast Asian heroin moving to Europe and North America" );; line 98516 (wfb::economic_aid senegal recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $551 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $5.23 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $589 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $295 million" );; line 98522 (wfb::abbreviation cfa_franc "CFAF" );; line 98529 (wfb::currency senegal cfa_franc 100 centimes );; line 98529 (wfb::exchange_rates senegal "Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (CFAF) per US$1 - 529.43 (January 1995), 555.20 (1994), 283.16 (1993), 264.69 (1992), 282.11 (1991), 272.26 (1990)" );; line 98533 (wfb::comment exchange_rates senegal "the official rate is pegged to the French franc, and beginning 12 January 1994, the CFA franc was devalued to CFAF 100 per French franc from CFAF 50 at which it had been fixed since 1948" );; line 98537 (wfb::fiscal_year senegal date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 98543 (wfb::railroads senegal total "905 km" );; line 98549 (wfb::railroads senegal narrow_gauge "905 km 1.000-meter gauge (70 km double track)" );; line 98551 (wfb::highways senegal total (* 14007 km) );; line 98556 (wfb::highways senegal paved (* 3777 km) );; line 98558 (wfb::highways senegal (union crushed_stone improved_earth ) (* 10230 km) );; line 98560 (wfb::inland_waterways senegal "897 km total; 785 km on the Senegal, 112 km on the Saloum" );; line 98564 (wfb::port senegal dakar-senegal );; line 98568 (wfb::port senegal kaolack-senegal );; line 98568 (wfb::port senegal matam-senegal );; line 98568 (wfb::port senegal podor-senegal );; line 98568 (wfb::port senegal richard-toll-senegal );; line 98568 (wfb::port senegal saint-louis-senegal );; line 98568 (wfb::port senegal ziguinchor-senegal );; line 98568 (wfb::merchant_marine senegal total "1 bulk ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,995 GRT/3,775 DWT" );; line 98574 (wfb::airports senegal total 24 );; line 98579 (wfb::airports senegal |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 98581 (wfb::airports senegal |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 9 );; line 98583 (wfb::airports senegal |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 98585 (wfb::airports senegal with_paved_runways_under_914_m 2 );; line 98587 (wfb::airports senegal |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 4 );; line 98589 (wfb::airports senegal |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 7 );; line 98591 (wfb::telephone_system senegal "NA telephones; above-average urban system" );; line 98596 (wfb::telephone_system senegal local "NA" );; line 98598 (wfb::telephone_system senegal intercity "microwave and cable" );; line 98600 (wfb::telephone_system senegal international "3 submarine cables; 1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station" );; line 98602 (wfb::radio senegal broadcast_stations am 8 );; line 98607 (wfb::radio senegal broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 98607 (wfb::radio senegal broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 98607 (wfb::radio senegal radios n/a );; line 98609 (wfb::television senegal broadcast_stations 1 );; line 98614 (wfb::television senegal televisions n/a );; line 98616 (wfb::defense_branch senegal army_senegal );; line 98622 (wfb::defense_branch senegal navy_senegal );; line 98622 (wfb::defense_branch senegal air_force_senegal );; line 98622 (wfb::defense_branch senegal national_gendarmerie_senegal );; line 98622 (wfb::comment defense_branch senegal national_police_senegal "Surete Nationale" );; line 98622 (wfb::defense_branch senegal national_police_senegal );; line 98622 (wfb::manpower_availability senegal "males age 15-49 2,021,019; males fit for military service 1,054,855; males reach military age (18) annually 96,589 (1995 est.)" );; line 98627 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures senegal date_1993 );; line 98632 (wfb::defense_expenditures senegal (* 134e6 $) );; line 98632 (wfb::defense_expenditures senegal (* 2.1 %_of_gdp) );; line 98632 (wfb::markup-parameter figure serbia_and_montenegro "graphno=\"sr.tif\"" );; line 98638 (wfb::header serbia_and_montenegro "Note--Serbia and Montenegro have asserted the formation of a joint independent state, but this entity has not been formally recognized as a state by the US; the US view is that the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY) has dissolved and that none of the successor republics represents its continuation" );; line 98638 (wfb::location serbia_and_montenegro "Southeastern Europe, bordering the Adriatic Sea, between Albania and Bosnia and Herzegovina" );; line 98646 (wfb::map_references serbia_and_montenegro "Ethnic Groups in Eastern Europe, Europe" );; line 98651 (wfb::area serbia_and_montenegro total_area (* 102350 sq_km) );; line 98656 (wfb::area serbia_and_montenegro land_area (* 102136 sq_km) );; line 98658 (wfb::area serbia_and_montenegro comparative_area "slightly larger than Kentucky" );; line 98660 (wfb::comment area serbia_and_montenegro "Serbia has a total area and a land area of 88,412 sq km making it slightly larger than Maine; Montenegro has a total area of 13,938 sq km and a land area of 13,724 sq km making it slightly larger than Connecticut" );; line 98662 (wfb::borders serbia_and_montenegro total (* 2246 km) );; line 98668 (wfb::comment borders "114 km with Serbia; 173 km with Montenegro" );; line 98668 (wfb::borders serbia_and_montenegro albania (* 287 km) );; line 98668 (wfb::comment borders "312 km with Serbia; 215 km with Montenegro" );; line 98668 (wfb::borders serbia_and_montenegro bosnia_and_herzegovina (* 527 km) );; line 98668 (wfb::borders serbia_and_montenegro bulgaria (* 318 km) );; line 98668 (wfb::borders serbia_and_montenegro |Croatia (north)| (* 241 km) );; line 98668 (wfb::borders serbia_and_montenegro |Croatia (south)| (* 25 km) );; line 98668 (wfb::borders serbia_and_montenegro hungary (* 151 km) );; line 98668 (wfb::borders serbia_and_montenegro the_former_yugoslav_republic_of_macedonia (* 221 km) );; line 98668 (wfb::borders serbia_and_montenegro romania (* 476 km) );; line 98668 (wfb::comment land_boundaries serbia_and_montenegro "the internal boundary between Montenegro and Serbia is 211 km" );; line 98673 (wfb::comment coastline serbia_and_montenegro "Montenegro 199 km, Serbia 0 km" );; line 98677 (wfb::coastline serbia_and_montenegro (* 199 km) );; line 98677 (wfb::international_disputes serbia_and_montenegro "Sandzak region bordering northern Montenegro and southeastern Serbia - Muslims seeking autonomy" );; line 98685 (wfb::international_disputes serbia_and_montenegro "disputes with Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia over Serbian populated areas" );; line 98685 (wfb::international_disputes serbia_and_montenegro "Albanian majority in Kosovo seeks independence from Serbian Republic" );; line 98685 (wfb::climate serbia_and_montenegro "in the north, continental climate (cold winter and hot, humid summers with well distributed rainfall)" );; line 98692 (wfb::climate serbia_and_montenegro "central portion, continental and Mediterranean climate" );; line 98692 (wfb::climate serbia_and_montenegro "to the south, Adriatic climate along the coast, hot, dry summers and autumns and relatively cold winters with heavy snowfall inland" );; line 98692 (wfb::terrain serbia_and_montenegro "extremely varied" );; line 98699 (wfb::terrain serbia_and_montenegro "to the north, rich fertile plains" );; line 98699 (wfb::terrain serbia_and_montenegro "to the east, limestone ranges and basins" );; line 98699 (wfb::terrain serbia_and_montenegro "to the southeast, ancient mountain and hills" );; line 98699 (wfb::terrain serbia_and_montenegro "to the southwest, extremely high shoreline with no islands off the coast" );; line 98699 (wfb::natural-resource serbia_and_montenegro oil-natural-resource );; line 98705 (wfb::natural-resource serbia_and_montenegro gas-natural-resource );; line 98705 (wfb::natural-resource serbia_and_montenegro coal );; line 98705 (wfb::natural-resource serbia_and_montenegro antimony );; line 98705 (wfb::natural-resource serbia_and_montenegro copper );; line 98705 (wfb::natural-resource serbia_and_montenegro lead );; line 98705 (wfb::natural-resource serbia_and_montenegro zinc );; line 98705 (wfb::natural-resource serbia_and_montenegro nickel );; line 98705 (wfb::natural-resource serbia_and_montenegro gold );; line 98705 (wfb::natural-resource serbia_and_montenegro pyrite );; line 98705 (wfb::natural-resource serbia_and_montenegro chrome );; line 98705 (wfb::land_use serbia_and_montenegro arable_land (* 30 %) );; line 98711 (wfb::land_use serbia_and_montenegro permanent_crops (* 5 %) );; line 98713 (wfb::land_use serbia_and_montenegro meadows_and_pastures (* 20 %) );; line 98715 (wfb::land_use serbia_and_montenegro forest_and_woodland (* 25 %) );; line 98717 (wfb::land_use serbia_and_montenegro other (* 20 %) );; line 98719 (wfb::irrigated_land serbia_and_montenegro (* n/a sq_km) );; line 98723 (wfb::environment serbia_and_montenegro current_issues "pollution of coastal waters from sewage outlets, especially in tourist-related areas such as Kotor" );; line 98728 (wfb::environment serbia_and_montenegro current_issues "air pollution around Belgrade and other industrial cities" );; line 98728 (wfb::environment serbia_and_montenegro current_issues "water pollution from industrial wastes dumped into the Sava which flows into the Danube" );; line 98728 (wfb::environment serbia_and_montenegro natural_hazards "destructive earthquakes" );; line 98733 (wfb::environment serbia_and_montenegro international_agreements "NA" );; line 98735 (wfb::note serbia_and_montenegro "controls one of the major land routes from Western Europe to Turkey and the Near East; strategic location along the Adriatic coast" );; line 98739 (wfb::estimation-date population serbia_and_montenegro_montenegro date_jul_1995 );; line 98749 (wfb::population serbia_and_montenegro_montenegro 708248 );; line 98749 (wfb::estimation-date population serbia_and_montenegro_serbia date_jul_1995 );; line 98751 (wfb::population serbia_and_montenegro_serbia 10393585 );; line 98751 (wfb::age_structure serbia_and_montenegro 0-14_years (* 22 %) );; line 98758 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex serbia_and_montenegro 0-14_years female 77498 );; line 98758 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex serbia_and_montenegro 0-14_years male 82005 );; line 98758 (wfb::age_structure serbia_and_montenegro 15-64_years (* 68 %) );; line 98760 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex serbia_and_montenegro 15-64_years female 236987 );; line 98760 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex serbia_and_montenegro 15-64_years male 241397 );; line 98760 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure serbia_and_montenegro 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 98762 (wfb::age_structure serbia_and_montenegro 65_years_and_over (* 10 %) );; line 98762 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex serbia_and_montenegro 65_years_and_over female 41625 );; line 98762 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex serbia_and_montenegro 65_years_and_over male 28736 );; line 98762 (wfb::age_structure serbia_and_montenegro 0-14_years (* 22 %) );; line 98766 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex serbia_and_montenegro 0-14_years female 1095121 );; line 98766 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex serbia_and_montenegro 0-14_years male 1173224 );; line 98766 (wfb::age_structure serbia_and_montenegro 15-64_years (* 66 %) );; line 98768 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex serbia_and_montenegro 15-64_years female 3431823 );; line 98768 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex serbia_and_montenegro 15-64_years male 3483066 );; line 98768 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure serbia_and_montenegro 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 98770 (wfb::age_structure serbia_and_montenegro 65_years_and_over (* 12 %) );; line 98770 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex serbia_and_montenegro 65_years_and_over female 699488 );; line 98770 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex serbia_and_montenegro 65_years_and_over male 510863 );; line 98770 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate serbia_and_montenegro_montenegro date_1995 );; line 98775 (wfb::population_growth_rate serbia_and_montenegro_montenegro (* 0.79 %) );; line 98775 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate serbia_and_montenegro_serbia date_1995 );; line 98777 (wfb::population_growth_rate serbia_and_montenegro_serbia (* 0.51 %) );; line 98777 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate serbia_and_montenegro_montenegro date_1995 );; line 98782 (wfb::birth_rate serbia_and_montenegro_montenegro (* 14.39 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 98782 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate serbia_and_montenegro_serbia date_1995 );; line 98784 (wfb::birth_rate serbia_and_montenegro_serbia (* 14.15 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 98784 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate serbia_and_montenegro_montenegro date_1995 );; line 98789 (wfb::death_rate serbia_and_montenegro_montenegro (* 5.7 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 98789 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate serbia_and_montenegro_serbia date_1995 );; line 98791 (wfb::death_rate serbia_and_montenegro_serbia (* 8.72 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 98791 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate serbia_and_montenegro_montenegro date_1995 );; line 98796 (wfb::net_migration_rate serbia_and_montenegro_montenegro (* -0.78 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 98796 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate serbia_and_montenegro_serbia date_1995 );; line 98798 (wfb::net_migration_rate serbia_and_montenegro_serbia (* -0.36 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 98798 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate serbia_and_montenegro_montenegro date_1995 );; line 98803 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate serbia_and_montenegro_montenegro (* 9.8 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 98803 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate serbia_and_montenegro_serbia date_1995 );; line 98805 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate serbia_and_montenegro_serbia (* 18.6 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 98805 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth serbia_and_montenegro total_population (* 79.56 years) );; line 98812 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth serbia_and_montenegro male (* 76.69 years) );; line 98814 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth serbia_and_montenegro female date_1995 );; line 98816 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth serbia_and_montenegro female (* 82.61 years) );; line 98816 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth serbia_and_montenegro total_population (* 73.94 years) );; line 98820 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth serbia_and_montenegro male (* 71.4 years) );; line 98822 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth serbia_and_montenegro female date_1995 );; line 98824 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth serbia_and_montenegro female (* 76.68 years) );; line 98824 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate serbia_and_montenegro_montenegro date_1995 );; line 98829 (wfb::total_fertility_rate serbia_and_montenegro_montenegro (* 1.79 children_born/woman) );; line 98829 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate serbia_and_montenegro_serbia date_1995 );; line 98831 (wfb::total_fertility_rate serbia_and_montenegro_serbia (* 2 children_born/woman) );; line 98831 (wfb::nationality serbia_and_montenegro noun "Serb(s) and Montenegrin(s)" );; line 98836 (wfb::nationality serbia_and_montenegro adjective "Serbian and Montenegrin" );; line 98838 (wfb::ethnic-entity serbia_and_montenegro serbs (* 63 %) );; line 98842 (wfb::ethnic-entity serbia_and_montenegro albanians (* 14 %) );; line 98842 (wfb::ethnic-entity serbia_and_montenegro montenegrins (* 6 %) );; line 98842 (wfb::ethnic-entity serbia_and_montenegro hungarians (* 4 %) );; line 98842 (wfb::religion serbia_and_montenegro orthodox (* 65 %) );; line 98847 (wfb::religion serbia_and_montenegro muslim (* 19 %) );; line 98847 (wfb::religion serbia_and_montenegro roman_catholic (* 4 %) );; line 98847 (wfb::religion serbia_and_montenegro protestant (* 1 %) );; line 98847 (wfb::language serbia_and_montenegro serbo-croatian (* 95 %) );; line 98852 (wfb::language serbia_and_montenegro albanian-language-group (* 5 %) );; line 98852 (wfb::literacy-condition serbia_and_montenegro "NA%" );; line 98856 (wfb::total_labor_force serbia_and_montenegro 2640909 );; line 98860 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force serbia_and_montenegro by_occupation date_1990 );; line 98862 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1990 );; line 98862 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation serbia_and_montenegro industry n/a );; line 98862 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation serbia_and_montenegro mining-occupation-type (* 40 %) );; line 98862 (wfb::names serbia_and_montenegro conventional_short_form "Serbia and Montenegro" );; line 98870 (wfb::names serbia_and_montenegro local_short_form "Srbija-Crna Gora" );; line 98874 (wfb::digraph serbia_and_montenegro_serbia "SR" );; line 98879 (wfb::digraph serbia_and_montenegro_montenegro "MW" );; line 98881 (wfb::type serbia_and_montenegro "republic" );; line 98885 (wfb::capital serbia_and_montenegro belgrade-serbia_and_montenegro );; line 98889 (wfb::comment independence serbia_and_montenegro "Federal Republic of Yugoslavia formed as self-proclaimed successor to the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia - SFRY" );; line 98898 (wfb::independence serbia_and_montenegro date_11_apr_1992 "n/a" );; line 98898 (wfb::constitution serbia_and_montenegro "27 April 1992" );; line 98907 (wfb::legal_system serbia_and_montenegro "based on civil law system" );; line 98911 (wfb::comment suffrage serbia_and_montenegro " 18 years of age, universal" );; line 98915 (wfb::comment executive_branch serbia_and_montenegro chief_of_state "note - Slobodan MILOSEVIC is president of Serbia (since 9 December 1990)" );; line 98920 (wfb::comment executive_branch serbia_and_montenegro chief_of_state "Momir BULATOVIC is president of Montenegro (since 23 December 1990)" );; line 98920 (wfb::comment executive_branch serbia_and_montenegro chief_of_state "Federal Assembly elected Zoran LILIC on 25 June 1993" );; line 98920 (wfb::executive_branch serbia_and_montenegro chief_of_state "President Zoran LILIC " date_25_jun_1993 );; line 98920 (wfb::comment executive_branch serbia_and_montenegro head_of_government "Deputy Prime Ministers Jovan ZEBIC (since NA March 1993), Uros KLIKOVAC (since 15 September 1994), Nikola SAINOVIC (since 15 September 1995)" );; line 98925 (wfb::executive_branch serbia_and_montenegro head_of_government "Prime Minister Radoje KONTIC " date_29_dec_1992 );; line 98925 (wfb::executive_branch serbia_and_montenegro cabinet "Federal Executive Council" );; line 98929 (wfb::legislative_structure serbia_and_montenegro bicameral "Federal Assembly" );; line 98933 (wfb::legislative_branch serbia_and_montenegro "Chamber of Republics" "elections last held 20 December 1992 (next to be held NA 1996); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (40 total, 20 Serbian, 20 Montenegrin) seats by party NA" );; line 98935 (wfb::legislative_branch serbia_and_montenegro "Chamber of Citizens" "elections last held 20 December 1992 (next to be held NA 1996); results - percent of votes by party NA; seats - (138 total, 108 Serbian, 30 Montenegrin) SPS 47, SRS 34, Depos 20, DPSCG 17, DS 5, SP 5, NS 4, DZVM 3, other 3" );; line 98939 (wfb::judicial_branch serbia_and_montenegro "Savezni Sud (Federal Court), Constitutional Court" );; line 98945 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders serbia_and_montenegro "Serbian Socialist Party (SPS, former Communist Party), Slobodan MILOSEVIC; Serbian Radical Party (SRS), Vojislav SESELJ; Serbian Renewal Movement (SPO), Vuk DRASKOVIC, president; Democratic Party (DS), Zoran DJINDJIC; Democratic Party of Serbia (Depos), Vojlslav KOSTUNICA; Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro (DPSCG), Momir BULATOVIC, president; People's Party of Montenegro (NS), Milan PAROSKI; Liberal Alliance of Montenegro, Slavko PEROVIC; Democratic Community of Vojvodina Hungarians (DZVM), Andras AGOSTON; League of Communists-Movement for Yugoslavia (SK-PJ), Dragan ATANASOVSKI; Democratic Alliance of Kosovo (LDK), Dr. Ibrahim RUGOVA, president; Party of Democratic Action (SDA), Sulejman UGLJANIN; Civic Alliance of Serbia (GSS), Vesna PESIC, chairman; Socialist Party of Montenegro (SP), leader NA" );; line 98949 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups serbia_and_montenegro "NA" );; line 98963 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us serbia_and_montenegro "US and Serbia and Montenegro do not maintain full diplomatic relations; the Embassy of the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia continues to function in the US" );; line 98967 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation serbia_and_montenegro chief_of_mission "(vacant); Charge d'Affaires Rudolf V. PERINA" );; line 98974 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation serbia_and_montenegro embassy "address NA, Belgrade" );; line 98976 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation serbia_and_montenegro mailing_address "Box 5070, Unit 1310, APO AE 09213-1310" );; line 98978 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation serbia_and_montenegro telephone "[381] (11) 645655" );; line 98980 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation serbia_and_montenegro fax "[381] (11) 645221" );; line 98982 (wfb::flag serbia_and_montenegro "three equal horizontal bands of blue (top), white, and red" );; line 98986 (wfb::overview serbia_and_montenegro "The swift collapse of the Yugoslav federation in 1991 has been followed by bloody ethnic warfare, the destabilization of republic boundaries, and the breakup of important interrepublic trade flows. Serbia and Montenegro faces major economic problems; output has dropped sharply, particularly in 1993. First, like the other former Yugoslav republics, it depended on its sister republics for large amounts of foodstuffs, energy supplies, and manufactures. Wide differences in climate, mineral resources, and levels of technology among the republics accentuated this interdependence, as did the communist practice of concentrating much industrial output in a small number of giant plants. The breakup of many of the trade links, the sharp drop in output as industrial plants lost suppliers and markets, and the destruction of physical assets in the fighting all have contributed to the economic difficulties of the republics. One singular factor in the economic situation of Serbia and Montenegro is the continuation in office of a communist government that is primarily interested in political and military mastery, not economic reform. A further complication is the imposition of economic sanctions by the UN in 1992. Hyperinflation ended with the establishment of a new currency unit in June 1993; prices were relatively stable in 1994. Reliable statistics are hard to come by; the GDP estimate of $1,000 per capita in 1994 is extremely rough. Output in 1994 seems to have leveled off after the plunge in 1993." );; line 98991 (wfb::estimation-date national_product serbia_and_montenegro date_1994 );; line 99015 (wfb::national_product serbia_and_montenegro (* 10e9 $) );; line 99015 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate serbia_and_montenegro (* n/a %) );; line 99019 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita serbia_and_montenegro date_1994 );; line 99023 (wfb::national_product_per_capita serbia_and_montenegro (* 1000 $) );; line 99023 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| serbia_and_montenegro "20% (January-November 1994 est.)" );; line 99027 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate serbia_and_montenegro date_1994 );; line 99031 (wfb::budget serbia_and_montenegro revenues (* n/a $) );; line 99036 (wfb::budget serbia_and_montenegro expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 99038 (wfb::budget serbia_and_montenegro capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 99038 (wfb::exports serbia_and_montenegro (* n/a $) );; line 99042 (wfb::imports serbia_and_montenegro (* n/a $) );; line 99054 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt serbia_and_montenegro date_1993 );; line 99067 (wfb::external_debt serbia_and_montenegro (* 4.2e9 $) );; line 99067 (wfb::industrial_production serbia_and_montenegro growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 99071 (wfb::electricity serbia_and_montenegro capacity (* 10400000 kw) );; line 99076 (wfb::electricity serbia_and_montenegro production (* 34e9 kwh) );; line 99078 (wfb::estimation-date electricity serbia_and_montenegro consumption_per_capita date_1994 );; line 99080 (wfb::electricity serbia_and_montenegro consumption_per_capita (* 2400 kwh) );; line 99080 (wfb::industry serbia_and_montenegro |machine building (aircraft, trucks, and automobiles; armored vehicles and weapons; electrical equipment; agricultural machinery)| );; line 99084 (wfb::industry serbia_and_montenegro |metallurgy (steel, aluminum, copper, lead, zinc, chromium, antimony, bismuth, cadmium)| );; line 99084 (wfb::industry serbia_and_montenegro |mining (coal, bauxite, nonferrous ore, iron ore, limestone)| );; line 99084 (wfb::industry serbia_and_montenegro |consumer goods (textiles, footwear, foodstuffs, appliances)| );; line 99084 (wfb::industry serbia_and_montenegro electronics-industry );; line 99084 (wfb::industry serbia_and_montenegro petroleum_products-industry );; line 99084 (wfb::industry serbia_and_montenegro chemicals );; line 99084 (wfb::industry serbia_and_montenegro pharmaceuticals-industry );; line 99084 (wfb::agriculture serbia_and_montenegro "the fertile plains of Vojvodina produce 80% of the cereal production of the former Yugoslavia and most of the cotton, oilseeds, and chicory; Vojvodina also produces fodder crops to support intensive beef and dairy production; Serbia proper, although hilly, has a well-distributed rainfall and a long growing season; produces fruit, grapes, and cereals; in this area, livestock production (sheep and cattle) and dairy farming prosper; Kosovo produces fruits, vegetables, tobacco, and a small amount of cereals; the mountainous pastures of Kosovo and Montenegro support sheep and goat husbandry; Montenegro has only a small agriculture sector, mostly near the coast where a Mediterranean climate permits the culture of olives, citrus, grapes, and rice" );; line 99093 (wfb::illicit_drugs serbia_and_montenegro "NA" );; line 99106 (wfb::economic_aid serbia_and_montenegro "$NA" );; line 99110 (wfb::abbreviation yugoslav_new_dinar "YD" );; line 99114 (wfb::currency serbia_and_montenegro yugoslav_new_dinar 100 paras );; line 99114 (wfb::exchange_rates serbia_and_montenegro "Yugoslav New Dinars (YD) per US $1 - 102.6 (February 1995 black market rate)" );; line 99118 (wfb::fiscal_year serbia_and_montenegro date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 99123 (wfb::railroads serbia_and_montenegro total "3,960 km" );; line 99129 (wfb::railroads serbia_and_montenegro standard_gauge "3,960 km 1.435-m gauge (partially electrified) (1992)" );; line 99131 (wfb::highways serbia_and_montenegro total (* 46019 km) );; line 99136 (wfb::highways serbia_and_montenegro paved (* 26949 km) );; line 99138 (wfb::measurement-date highways serbia_and_montenegro date_1990 );; line 99140 (wfb::highways serbia_and_montenegro gravel (* 10373 km) );; line 99140 (wfb::highways serbia_and_montenegro earth (* 8697 km) );; line 99140 (wfb::inland_waterways serbia_and_montenegro "NA km" );; line 99144 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 415 km) );; line 99148 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 130 km) );; line 99148 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 2110 km) );; line 99148 (wfb::port serbia_and_montenegro bar-serbia_and_montenegro );; line 99153 (wfb::port serbia_and_montenegro belgrade-serbia_and_montenegro );; line 99153 (wfb::port serbia_and_montenegro kotor-serbia_and_montenegro );; line 99153 (wfb::port serbia_and_montenegro novi_sad-serbia_and_montenegro );; line 99153 (wfb::port serbia_and_montenegro pancevo-serbia_and_montenegro );; line 99153 (wfb::port serbia_and_montenegro tivat-serbia_and_montenegro );; line 99153 (wfb::merchant_marine serbia_and_montenegro_montenegro "total 35 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 543,511 GRT/891,664 DWT (controlled by Montenegrin beneficial owners)" );; line 99158 (wfb::merchant_marine serbia_and_montenegro ships_by_type "bulk 15, cargo 14, container 5, short-sea passenger ferry 1" );; line 99161 (wfb::comment merchant_marine serbia_and_montenegro "under Maltese and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines flags; no ships remain under Yugoslav flag" );; line 99163 (wfb::merchant_marine serbia_and_montenegro_serbia "total 2 (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 113,471 GRT/212,742 DWT (controlled by Serbian beneficial owners)" );; line 99166 (wfb::merchant_marine serbia_and_montenegro ships_by_type "bulk 2" );; line 99169 (wfb::comment merchant_marine serbia_and_montenegro "all under the flag of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; no ships remain under Yugoslav flag" );; line 99171 (wfb::airports serbia_and_montenegro total 54 );; line 99177 (wfb::airports serbia_and_montenegro |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 2 );; line 99179 (wfb::airports serbia_and_montenegro |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 5 );; line 99181 (wfb::airports serbia_and_montenegro |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 5 );; line 99183 (wfb::airports serbia_and_montenegro |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 2 );; line 99185 (wfb::airports serbia_and_montenegro with_paved_runways_under_914_m 24 );; line 99187 (wfb::airports serbia_and_montenegro |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 2 );; line 99189 (wfb::airports serbia_and_montenegro |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 14 );; line 99191 (wfb::telephone_system serbia_and_montenegro "700,000 telephones" );; line 99196 (wfb::telephone_system serbia_and_montenegro local "NA" );; line 99198 (wfb::telephone_system serbia_and_montenegro intercity "NA" );; line 99200 (wfb::telephone_system serbia_and_montenegro international "1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station" );; line 99202 (wfb::radio serbia_and_montenegro broadcast_stations am 26 );; line 99207 (wfb::radio serbia_and_montenegro broadcast_stations fm 9 );; line 99207 (wfb::radio serbia_and_montenegro broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 99207 (wfb::radio serbia_and_montenegro radios 2.015e6 );; line 99209 (wfb::television serbia_and_montenegro broadcast_stations 18 );; line 99214 (wfb::television serbia_and_montenegro televisions 1e6 );; line 99216 (wfb::comment defense_branch serbia_and_montenegro |People's Army_serbia_and_montenegro| "includes Ground Forces with internal and border troops, Naval Forces, and Air and Air Defense Forces" );; line 99222 (wfb::defense_branch serbia_and_montenegro |People's Army_serbia_and_montenegro| );; line 99222 (wfb::defense_branch serbia_and_montenegro civil_defense_serbia_and_montenegro );; line 99222 (wfb::manpower_availability serbia_and_montenegro_montenegro "males age 15-49 194,154; males fit for military service 157,611; males reach military age (19) annually 5,498 (1995 est.)" );; line 99228 (wfb::manpower_availability serbia_and_montenegro_serbia "males age 15-49 2,652,224; males fit for military service 2,131,894 (1995 est.)" );; line 99231 (wfb::markup-parameter figure seychelles "graphno=\"se.tif\"" );; line 99244 (wfb::location seychelles "Eastern Africa, group of islands in the Indian Ocean, northeast of Madagascar" );; line 99248 (wfb::map_references seychelles "Africa" );; line 99253 (wfb::area seychelles total_area (* 455 sq_km) );; line 99258 (wfb::area seychelles land_area (* 455 sq_km) );; line 99260 (wfb::area seychelles comparative_area "slightly more than 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 99262 (wfb::coastline seychelles (* 491 km) );; line 99270 (wfb::maritime_claims seychelles exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 99277 (wfb::maritime_claims seychelles territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 99279 (wfb::international_disputes seychelles "claims Tromelin Island" );; line 99283 (wfb::climate seychelles "tropical marine" );; line 99287 (wfb::climate seychelles "humid" );; line 99287 (wfb::climate seychelles "cooler season during southeast monsoon (late May to September)" );; line 99287 (wfb::climate seychelles "warmer season during northwest monsoon (March to May)" );; line 99287 (wfb::terrain seychelles "Mahe Group is granitic, narrow coastal strip, rocky, hilly" );; line 99293 (wfb::terrain seychelles "others are coral, flat, elevated reefs" );; line 99293 (wfb::natural-resource seychelles fish );; line 99298 (wfb::natural-resource seychelles copra-natural-resource );; line 99298 (wfb::natural-resource seychelles cinnamon_trees );; line 99298 (wfb::land_use seychelles arable_land (* 4 %) );; line 99303 (wfb::land_use seychelles permanent_crops (* 18 %) );; line 99305 (wfb::land_use seychelles meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 99307 (wfb::land_use seychelles forest_and_woodland (* 18 %) );; line 99309 (wfb::land_use seychelles other (* 60 %) );; line 99311 (wfb::irrigated_land seychelles (* n/a sq_km) );; line 99315 (wfb::environment seychelles current_issues "no natural fresh water resources, catchments collect rain water" );; line 99320 (wfb::environment seychelles natural_hazards "lies outside the cyclone belt, so severe storms are rare" );; line 99322 (wfb::environment seychelles natural_hazards "short droughts possible" );; line 99322 (wfb::environment seychelles international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Whaling" );; line 99325 (wfb::environment seychelles international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Desertification" );; line 99325 (wfb::note seychelles "40 granitic and about 50 coralline islands" );; line 99331 (wfb::estimation-date population seychelles date_jul_1995 );; line 99337 (wfb::population seychelles 72709 );; line 99337 (wfb::age_structure seychelles 0-14_years (* 32 %) );; line 99342 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex seychelles 0-14_years female 11630 );; line 99342 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex seychelles 0-14_years male 11811 );; line 99342 (wfb::age_structure seychelles 15-64_years (* 62 %) );; line 99344 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex seychelles 15-64_years female 23229 );; line 99344 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex seychelles 15-64_years male 21679 );; line 99344 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure seychelles 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 99346 (wfb::age_structure seychelles 65_years_and_over (* 6 %) );; line 99346 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex seychelles 65_years_and_over female 2875 );; line 99346 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex seychelles 65_years_and_over male 1485 );; line 99346 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate seychelles date_1995 );; line 99350 (wfb::population_growth_rate seychelles (* 0.81 %) );; line 99350 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate seychelles date_1995 );; line 99354 (wfb::birth_rate seychelles (* 21.35 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 99354 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate seychelles date_1995 );; line 99358 (wfb::death_rate seychelles (* 6.7 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 99358 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate seychelles date_1995 );; line 99362 (wfb::net_migration_rate seychelles (* -6.6 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 99362 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate seychelles date_1995 );; line 99366 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate seychelles (* 11.4 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 99366 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth seychelles total_population (* 70.08 years) );; line 99371 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth seychelles male (* 66.54 years) );; line 99373 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth seychelles female date_1995 );; line 99375 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth seychelles female (* 73.73 years) );; line 99375 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate seychelles date_1995 );; line 99379 (wfb::total_fertility_rate seychelles (* 2.16 children_born/woman) );; line 99379 (wfb::nationality seychelles noun "Seychellois (singular and plural)" );; line 99384 (wfb::nationality seychelles adjective "Seychelles" );; line 99386 (wfb::comment ethnic_divisions seychelles "mixture of Asians, Africans, Europeans" );; line 99390 (wfb::ethnic-entity seychelles seychellois n/a );; line 99390 (wfb::religion seychelles roman_catholic (* 90 %) );; line 99394 (wfb::religion seychelles anglican (* 8 %) );; line 99394 (wfb::language seychelles english n/a );; line 99398 (wfb::comment language seychelles english "official" );; line 99398 (wfb::language seychelles french n/a );; line 99398 (wfb::comment language seychelles french "official" );; line 99398 (wfb::language seychelles creole n/a );; line 99398 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition seychelles date_1971 );; line 99402 (wfb::literacy-condition seychelles "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 99402 (wfb::literacy seychelles total_population (* 58 %) );; line 99404 (wfb::literacy seychelles male (* 56 %) );; line 99406 (wfb::literacy seychelles female (* 60 %) );; line 99408 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force seychelles date_1985 );; line 99412 (wfb::total_labor_force seychelles 27700 );; line 99412 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force seychelles by_occupation date_1985 );; line 99414 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1985 );; line 99414 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation seychelles industry_and_commerce (* 31 %) );; line 99414 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation seychelles services (* 21 %) );; line 99414 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation seychelles government (* 20 %) );; line 99414 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation seychelles agriculture n/a );; line 99414 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation seychelles forestry n/a );; line 99414 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation seychelles fishing-occupation-type (* 12 %) );; line 99414 (wfb::names seychelles conventional_long_form "Republic of Seychelles" );; line 99421 (wfb::names seychelles conventional_short_form "Seychelles" );; line 99423 (wfb::digraph seychelles "SE" );; line 99427 (wfb::type seychelles "republic" );; line 99431 (wfb::capital seychelles victoria-seychelles );; line 99435 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_seychelles_administrative_districts "administrative districts" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 99439 (wfb::administrative_divisions seychelles adm_div_seychelles_administrative_districts 23 );; line 99439 (wfb::administrative_division_of seychelles adm_div_seychelles_administrative_districts "Anse aux Pins" );; line 99439 (wfb::administrative_division_of seychelles adm_div_seychelles_administrative_districts "Anse Boileau" );; line 99439 (wfb::administrative_division_of seychelles adm_div_seychelles_administrative_districts "Anse Etoile" );; line 99439 (wfb::administrative_division_of seychelles adm_div_seychelles_administrative_districts "Anse Louis" );; line 99439 (wfb::administrative_division_of seychelles adm_div_seychelles_administrative_districts "Anse Royale" );; line 99439 (wfb::administrative_division_of seychelles adm_div_seychelles_administrative_districts "Baie Lazare" );; line 99439 (wfb::administrative_division_of seychelles adm_div_seychelles_administrative_districts "Baie Sainte Anne" );; line 99439 (wfb::administrative_division_of seychelles adm_div_seychelles_administrative_districts "Beau Vallon" );; line 99439 (wfb::administrative_division_of seychelles adm_div_seychelles_administrative_districts "Bel Air" );; line 99439 (wfb::administrative_division_of seychelles adm_div_seychelles_administrative_districts "Bel Ombre" );; line 99439 (wfb::administrative_division_of seychelles adm_div_seychelles_administrative_districts "Cascade" );; line 99439 (wfb::administrative_division_of seychelles adm_div_seychelles_administrative_districts "Glacis" );; line 99439 (wfb::administrative_division_of seychelles adm_div_seychelles_administrative_districts "Grand' Anse (on Mahe Island)" );; line 99439 (wfb::administrative_division_of seychelles adm_div_seychelles_administrative_districts "Grand' Anse (on Praslin Island)" );; line 99439 (wfb::administrative_division_of seychelles adm_div_seychelles_administrative_districts "La Digue" );; line 99439 (wfb::administrative_division_of seychelles adm_div_seychelles_administrative_districts "La Riviere Anglaise" );; line 99439 (wfb::administrative_division_of seychelles adm_div_seychelles_administrative_districts "Mont Buxton" );; line 99439 (wfb::administrative_division_of seychelles adm_div_seychelles_administrative_districts "Mont Fleuri" );; line 99439 (wfb::administrative_division_of seychelles adm_div_seychelles_administrative_districts "Plaisance" );; line 99439 (wfb::administrative_division_of seychelles adm_div_seychelles_administrative_districts "Pointe Larue" );; line 99439 (wfb::administrative_division_of seychelles adm_div_seychelles_administrative_districts "Port Glaud" );; line 99439 (wfb::administrative_division_of seychelles adm_div_seychelles_administrative_districts "Saint Louis" );; line 99439 (wfb::administrative_division_of seychelles adm_div_seychelles_administrative_districts "Takamaka" );; line 99439 (wfb::independence seychelles date_29_jun_1976 "UK" );; line 99447 (wfb::comment national_holiday seychelles "adoption of new constitution" );; line 99451 (wfb::national_holiday seychelles "National Day" date_18_jun );; line 99451 (wfb::constitution seychelles "18 June 1993" );; line 99455 (wfb::legal_system seychelles "based on English common law, French civil law, and customary law" );; line 99459 (wfb::comment suffrage seychelles " universal" );; line 99463 (wfb::suffrage seychelles (* 17 years_of_age) );; line 99463 (wfb::comment executive_branch seychelles chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "election last held 20-23 July 1993 (next to be held NA)" );; line 99468 (wfb::comment executive_branch seychelles chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "results - President France Albert RENE (SPPF) reelected with 59.5% of the vote, Sir James MANCHAM (DP) 36.72%" );; line 99468 (wfb::executive_branch seychelles chief_of_state "President France Albert RENE " date_5_jun_1977 );; line 99468 (wfb::executive_branch seychelles head_of_government "President France Albert RENE " date_5_jun_1977 );; line 99468 (wfb::comment executive_branch seychelles cabinet "appointed by the president" );; line 99472 (wfb::executive_branch seychelles cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 99472 (wfb::legislative_structure seychelles unicameral n/a );; line 99476 (wfb::legislative_branch seychelles "People's Assembly (Assemblee du Peuple)" "elections last held 20-23 July 1993 (next to be held NA); results - SPPF 82%, DP 15%, UO 3%; seats - (33 total, 22 elected, 11 awarded) seats elected - SPPF 21, DP 1; seats awarded - SPPF 6, DP 4, UO 1; total seats by party - SPPF 27, DP 5, UO 1" );; line 99478 (wfb::comment legislative_branch seychelles "the 11 awarded seats are apportioned according to the share of each party in the total vote" );; line 99483 (wfb::judicial_branch seychelles "Court of Appeal, Supreme Court" );; line 99488 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders seychelles "ruling party - Seychelles People's Progressive Front (SPPF), France Albert RENE; Democratic Party (DP), Sir James MANCHAM; United Opposition (UO), Annette GEORGES - a coalition of the following parties: Seychelles Party (PS), Wavel RAMKALAWAN; Seychelles Democratic Movement (MSPD), Jacques HONDOUL; Seychelles Liberal Party (SLP), Ogilvie BERLOUIS;;" );; line 99492 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups seychelles "trade unions; Roman Catholic Church" );; line 99500 (wfb::member_of seychelles acct );; line 99504 (wfb::member_of seychelles acp );; line 99504 (wfb::member_of seychelles afdb );; line 99504 (wfb::member_of seychelles c );; line 99504 (wfb::member_of seychelles eca );; line 99504 (wfb::member_of seychelles fao );; line 99504 (wfb::member_of seychelles g-77 );; line 99504 (wfb::member_of seychelles ibrd );; line 99504 (wfb::member_of seychelles icao );; line 99504 (wfb::member_of seychelles icftu );; line 99504 (wfb::member_of seychelles icrm );; line 99504 (wfb::member_of seychelles ifad );; line 99504 (wfb::member_of seychelles ifc );; line 99504 (wfb::member_of seychelles ifrcs );; line 99504 (wfb::comment member_of seychelles ifrcs "associate" );; line 99504 (wfb::member_of seychelles ilo );; line 99504 (wfb::member_of seychelles imf );; line 99504 (wfb::member_of seychelles imo );; line 99504 (wfb::member_of seychelles intelsat );; line 99504 (wfb::comment member_of seychelles intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 99504 (wfb::member_of seychelles interpol );; line 99504 (wfb::member_of seychelles ioc );; line 99504 (wfb::member_of seychelles nam );; line 99504 (wfb::member_of seychelles oau );; line 99504 (wfb::member_of seychelles un );; line 99504 (wfb::member_of seychelles unctad );; line 99504 (wfb::member_of seychelles unesco );; line 99504 (wfb::member_of seychelles unido );; line 99504 (wfb::member_of seychelles upu );; line 99504 (wfb::member_of seychelles wcl );; line 99504 (wfb::member_of seychelles who );; line 99504 (wfb::member_of seychelles wmo );; line 99504 (wfb::member_of seychelles wto );; line 99504 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us seychelles chief_of_mission "Ambassador Marc R. MARENGO" );; line 99511 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us seychelles chancery "(temporary) 820 Second Avenue, Suite 900F, New York, NY 10017" );; line 99513 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us seychelles telephone "[1] (212) 687-9766, 9767" );; line 99515 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us seychelles fax "[1] (212) 922-9177" );; line 99517 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation seychelles chief_of_mission "Ambassador Carl Burton STOKES" );; line 99522 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation seychelles embassy "4th Floor, Victoria House, Box 251, Victoria, Mahe" );; line 99524 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation seychelles mailing_address "Box 148, Unit 62501, Victoria, Seychelles; APO AE 09815-2501" );; line 99526 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation seychelles telephone "[248] 225256" );; line 99528 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation seychelles fax "[248] 225189" );; line 99530 (wfb::flag seychelles "three horizontal bands of red (top), white (wavy), and green; the white band is the thinnest, the red band is the thickest" );; line 99534 (wfb::overview seychelles "Since independence in 1976, per capita output has grown to roughly seven times the old near-subsistence level, led by the tourist sector, which employs about 30% of the labor force and provides more than 70% of hard currency earnings. In recent years the government has encouraged foreign investment in order to upgrade hotels and other services. At the same time, the government has moved to reduce the high dependence on tourism by promoting the development of farming, fishing, and small-scale manufacturing. The vulnerability of the tourist sector was illustrated by the sharp drop in 1991-92 due largely to the Gulf war. Although the industry has rebounded, the government recognizes the continuing need for upgrading the sector in the face of stiff international competition." );; line 99540 (wfb::estimation-date national_product seychelles date_1993 );; line 99554 (wfb::national_product seychelles (* 430e6 $) );; line 99554 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate seychelles date_1993 );; line 99558 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate seychelles (* -2 %) );; line 99558 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita seychelles date_1993 );; line 99562 (wfb::national_product_per_capita seychelles (* 6000 $) );; line 99562 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| seychelles "3.9% (1993 est.)" );; line 99566 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate seychelles date_1987 );; line 99570 (wfb::unemployment_rate seychelles (* 9 %) );; line 99570 (wfb::budget seychelles revenues (* 227.4e6 $) );; line 99575 (wfb::estimation-date budget seychelles date_1993 );; line 99577 (wfb::budget seychelles expenditures (* 263e6 $) );; line 99577 (wfb::budget seychelles capital_expenditures (* 54e6 $) );; line 99577 (wfb::exports seychelles (* 50e6 $) );; line 99582 (wfb::comment exports seychelles commodities "re-exports" );; line 99584 (wfb::exports seychelles commodities fish-commodity n/a );; line 99584 (wfb::exports seychelles commodities cinnamon_bark n/a );; line 99584 (wfb::exports seychelles commodities copra n/a );; line 99584 (wfb::exports seychelles commodities petroleum_products-commodity n/a );; line 99584 (wfb::measurement-date exports seychelles date_1992 );; line 99586 (wfb::exports seychelles partners france (* 43 %) );; line 99586 (wfb::exports seychelles partners uk (* 22 %) );; line 99586 (wfb::exports seychelles partners reunion (* 11 |%,|) );; line 99586 (wfb::imports seychelles (* 261e6 $) );; line 99590 (wfb::imports seychelles commodities manufactured_goods n/a );; line 99592 (wfb::imports seychelles commodities food n/a );; line 99592 (wfb::imports seychelles commodities petroleum_products-commodity n/a );; line 99592 (wfb::imports seychelles commodities tobacco n/a );; line 99592 (wfb::imports seychelles commodities beverages n/a );; line 99592 (wfb::imports seychelles commodities machinery_and_transportation_equipment n/a );; line 99592 (wfb::measurement-date imports seychelles date_1992 );; line 99595 (wfb::imports seychelles partners singapore (* 16 %) );; line 99595 (wfb::imports seychelles partners bahrain (* 16 %) );; line 99595 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt seychelles date_1993 );; line 99599 (wfb::external_debt seychelles (* 181e6 $) );; line 99599 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1992 );; line 99603 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production seychelles date_1992 );; line 99603 (wfb::industrial_production seychelles growth_rate (* 4 %) );; line 99603 (wfb::industrial_production seychelles accounts_for (* 12 %_of_gdp) );; line 99603 (wfb::electricity seychelles capacity (* 30000 kw) );; line 99608 (wfb::electricity seychelles production (* 110e6 kwh) );; line 99610 (wfb::measurement-date electricity seychelles consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 99612 (wfb::electricity seychelles consumption_per_capita (* 1399 kwh) );; line 99612 (wfb::industry seychelles tourism );; line 99616 (wfb::industry seychelles processing_of_coconut_and_vanilla );; line 99616 (wfb::industry seychelles fishing-industry );; line 99616 (wfb::industry seychelles coir_rope_factory );; line 99616 (wfb::industry seychelles boat_building );; line 99616 (wfb::industry seychelles printing );; line 99616 (wfb::industry seychelles furniture );; line 99616 (wfb::industry seychelles beverage );; line 99616 (wfb::agriculture seychelles "accounts for 5% of GDP, mostly subsistence farming; cash crops - coconuts, cinnamon, vanilla; other products - sweet potatoes, cassava, bananas; broiler chickens; large share of food needs imported; expansion of tuna fishing under way" );; line 99621 (wfb::economic_aid seychelles recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY78-89), $26 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1978-89), $315 million; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $5 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $60 million" );; line 99629 (wfb::abbreviation seychelles_rupee "SRe" );; line 99636 (wfb::currency seychelles seychelles_rupee 100 cents );; line 99636 (wfb::exchange_rates seychelles "Seychelles rupees (SRe) per US$1 - 4.9371 (January 1995), 5.0559 (1994), 5.1815 (1993), 5.1220 (1992), 5.2893 (1991), 5.3369 (1990)" );; line 99640 (wfb::fiscal_year seychelles date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 99645 (wfb::railroads seychelles "0 km" );; line 99650 (wfb::highways seychelles total (* 260 km) );; line 99655 (wfb::highways seychelles paved (* 160 km) );; line 99657 (wfb::highways seychelles (union crushed_stone earth ) (* 100 km) );; line 99659 (wfb::port seychelles victoria-seychelles );; line 99663 (wfb::merchant_marine seychelles "none" );; line 99667 (wfb::airports seychelles total 14 );; line 99672 (wfb::airports seychelles |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 99674 (wfb::airports seychelles |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 5 );; line 99676 (wfb::airports seychelles with_paved_runways_under_914_m 6 );; line 99678 (wfb::airports seychelles |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 2 );; line 99680 (wfb::telephone_system seychelles "13,000 telephones; direct radio communications with adjacent islands and African coastal countries" );; line 99685 (wfb::telephone_system seychelles local "NA" );; line 99688 (wfb::telephone_system seychelles intercity "radio communications" );; line 99690 (wfb::telephone_system seychelles international "1 INTELSAT (Indian Ocean) earth station" );; line 99692 (wfb::radio seychelles broadcast_stations am 2 );; line 99697 (wfb::radio seychelles broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 99697 (wfb::radio seychelles broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 99697 (wfb::radio seychelles radios n/a );; line 99699 (wfb::television seychelles broadcast_stations 2 );; line 99704 (wfb::television seychelles televisions n/a );; line 99706 (wfb::defense_branch seychelles army_seychelles );; line 99712 (wfb::defense_branch seychelles coast_guard_seychelles );; line 99712 (wfb::defense_branch seychelles marines_seychelles );; line 99712 (wfb::defense_branch seychelles national_guard_seychelles );; line 99712 (wfb::defense_branch seychelles presidential_protection_unit_seychelles );; line 99712 (wfb::defense_branch seychelles police_force_seychelles );; line 99712 (wfb::manpower_availability seychelles "males age 15-49 19,829; males fit for military service 10,099 (1995 est.)" );; line 99717 (wfb::estimation-date defense_expenditures seychelles date_1990 );; line 99722 (wfb::defense_expenditures seychelles (* 12e6 $) );; line 99722 (wfb::defense_expenditures seychelles (* 4 %_of_gdp) );; line 99722 (wfb::markup-parameter figure sierra_leone "graphno=\"sl.tif\"" );; line 99728 (wfb::location sierra_leone "Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Guinea and Liberia" );; line 99732 (wfb::map_references sierra_leone "Africa" );; line 99737 (wfb::area sierra_leone total_area (* 71740 sq_km) );; line 99742 (wfb::area sierra_leone land_area (* 71620 sq_km) );; line 99744 (wfb::area sierra_leone comparative_area "slightly smaller than South Carolina" );; line 99746 (wfb::borders sierra_leone total (* 958 km) );; line 99750 (wfb::borders sierra_leone guinea (* 652 km) );; line 99750 (wfb::borders sierra_leone liberia (* 306 km) );; line 99750 (wfb::coastline sierra_leone (* 402 km) );; line 99754 (wfb::maritime_claims sierra_leone territorial_sea (* 200 nm) );; line 99759 (wfb::international_disputes sierra_leone "none" );; line 99765 (wfb::climate sierra_leone "tropical" );; line 99769 (wfb::climate sierra_leone "hot, humid" );; line 99769 (wfb::climate sierra_leone "summer rainy season (May to December)" );; line 99769 (wfb::climate sierra_leone "winter dry season (December to April)" );; line 99769 (wfb::terrain sierra_leone "coastal belt of mangrove swamps, wooded hill country, upland plateau, mountains in east" );; line 99774 (wfb::natural-resource sierra_leone diamonds );; line 99779 (wfb::natural-resource sierra_leone titanium_ore );; line 99779 (wfb::natural-resource sierra_leone bauxite );; line 99779 (wfb::natural-resource sierra_leone iron_ore );; line 99779 (wfb::natural-resource sierra_leone gold );; line 99779 (wfb::natural-resource sierra_leone chromite );; line 99779 (wfb::land_use sierra_leone arable_land (* 25 %) );; line 99784 (wfb::land_use sierra_leone permanent_crops (* 2 %) );; line 99786 (wfb::land_use sierra_leone meadows_and_pastures (* 31 %) );; line 99788 (wfb::land_use sierra_leone forest_and_woodland (* 29 %) );; line 99790 (wfb::land_use sierra_leone other (* 13 %) );; line 99792 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land sierra_leone date_1989 );; line 99796 (wfb::irrigated_land sierra_leone (* 340 sq_km) );; line 99796 (wfb::environment sierra_leone current_issues "rapid population growth pressuring the environment" );; line 99801 (wfb::environment sierra_leone current_issues "overharvesting of timber, expansion of cattle grazing, and slash-and-burn agriculture have resulted in deforestation and soil exhaustion" );; line 99801 (wfb::environment sierra_leone current_issues "civil war depleting natural resources" );; line 99801 (wfb::environment sierra_leone current_issues "overfishing" );; line 99801 (wfb::environment sierra_leone natural_hazards "dry, sand-laden harmattan winds blow from the Sahara (November to May)" );; line 99806 (wfb::environment sierra_leone natural_hazards "sandstorms, dust storms" );; line 99806 (wfb::environment sierra_leone international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban" );; line 99809 (wfb::environment sierra_leone international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Climate Change, Environmental Modification" );; line 99809 (wfb::estimation-date population sierra_leone date_jul_1995 );; line 99817 (wfb::population sierra_leone 4753120 );; line 99817 (wfb::age_structure sierra_leone 0-14_years (* 44 %) );; line 99822 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex sierra_leone 0-14_years female 1054826 );; line 99822 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex sierra_leone 0-14_years male 1020943 );; line 99822 (wfb::age_structure sierra_leone 15-64_years (* 53 %) );; line 99824 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex sierra_leone 15-64_years female 1310506 );; line 99824 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex sierra_leone 15-64_years male 1216510 );; line 99824 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure sierra_leone 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 99826 (wfb::age_structure sierra_leone 65_years_and_over (* 3 %) );; line 99826 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex sierra_leone 65_years_and_over female 72982 );; line 99826 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex sierra_leone 65_years_and_over male 77353 );; line 99826 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate sierra_leone date_1995 );; line 99830 (wfb::population_growth_rate sierra_leone (* 2.63 %) );; line 99830 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate sierra_leone date_1995 );; line 99834 (wfb::birth_rate sierra_leone (* 44.65 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 99834 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate sierra_leone date_1995 );; line 99838 (wfb::death_rate sierra_leone (* 18.38 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 99838 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate sierra_leone date_1995 );; line 99842 (wfb::net_migration_rate sierra_leone (* n/a |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 99842 (wfb::comment net_migration_rate sierra_leone "thousands of refugees, fleeing the civil strife in Sierra Leone, are taking refuge in Guinea" );; line 99844 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate sierra_leone date_1995 );; line 99849 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate sierra_leone (* 138.8 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 99849 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth sierra_leone total_population (* 46.94 years) );; line 99854 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth sierra_leone male (* 44.07 years) );; line 99856 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth sierra_leone female date_1995 );; line 99858 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth sierra_leone female (* 49.89 years) );; line 99858 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate sierra_leone date_1995 );; line 99862 (wfb::total_fertility_rate sierra_leone (* 5.9 children_born/woman) );; line 99862 (wfb::nationality sierra_leone noun "Sierra Leonean(s)" );; line 99867 (wfb::nationality sierra_leone adjective "Sierra Leonean" );; line 99869 (wfb::comment ethnic-entity "Temne 30%, Mende 30%, other 39%" );; line 99873 (wfb::ethnic-entity sierra_leone 13_native_african_tribes (* 99 %) );; line 99873 (wfb::ethnic-entity sierra_leone union19 (* 1 %) );; line 99873 (wfb::religion sierra_leone muslim (* 60 %) );; line 99878 (wfb::religion sierra_leone indigenous_beliefs (* 30 %) );; line 99878 (wfb::religion sierra_leone christian (* 10 %) );; line 99878 (wfb::language sierra_leone english n/a );; line 99882 (wfb::comment language sierra_leone english "official; regular use limited to literate minority" );; line 99882 (wfb::language sierra_leone mende n/a );; line 99882 (wfb::comment language sierra_leone mende "principal vernacular in the south" );; line 99882 (wfb::language sierra_leone temne n/a );; line 99882 (wfb::comment language sierra_leone temne "principal vernacular in the north" );; line 99882 (wfb::language sierra_leone krio n/a );; line 99882 (wfb::comment language sierra_leone krio "the language of the re-settled ex-slave population of the Freetown area and is lingua franca" );; line 99882 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition sierra_leone date_1990 );; line 99889 (wfb::literacy-condition sierra_leone "age 15 and over can read and write English, Mende, Temne, or Arabic" );; line 99889 (wfb::literacy sierra_leone total_population (* 21 %) );; line 99892 (wfb::literacy sierra_leone male (* 31 %) );; line 99894 (wfb::literacy sierra_leone female (* 11 %) );; line 99896 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force sierra_leone date_1981 );; line 99900 (wfb::total_labor_force sierra_leone 1.369e6 );; line 99900 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force sierra_leone by_occupation date_1981 );; line 99902 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1981 );; line 99902 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation sierra_leone agriculture (* 65 %) );; line 99902 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation sierra_leone industry (* 19 %) );; line 99902 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation sierra_leone services (* 16 %) );; line 99902 (wfb::comment labor_force sierra_leone "only about 65,000 wage earners (1985)" );; line 99904 (wfb::names sierra_leone conventional_long_form "Republic of Sierra Leone" );; line 99910 (wfb::names sierra_leone conventional_short_form "Sierra Leone" );; line 99912 (wfb::digraph sierra_leone "SL" );; line 99916 (wfb::type sierra_leone "military government" );; line 99920 (wfb::capital sierra_leone freetown-sierra_leone );; line 99924 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_sierra_leone_provinces "provinces" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 99928 (wfb::administrative_divisions sierra_leone adm_div_sierra_leone_provinces 3 );; line 99928 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_sierra_leone_area "area" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 99928 (wfb::administrative_divisions sierra_leone adm_div_sierra_leone_area 1 );; line 99928 (wfb::administrative_division_of sierra_leone adm_div_sierra_leone_provinces "Eastern" );; line 99928 (wfb::administrative_division_of sierra_leone adm_div_sierra_leone_provinces "Northern" );; line 99928 (wfb::administrative_division_of sierra_leone adm_div_sierra_leone_provinces "Southern" );; line 99928 (wfb::administrative_division_of sierra_leone adm_div_sierra_leone_area "Western" );; line 99928 (wfb::independence sierra_leone date_27_apr_1961 "UK" );; line 99932 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1961 );; line 99936 (wfb::comment national_holiday sierra_leone "1961" );; line 99936 (wfb::national_holiday sierra_leone "Republic Day" date_27_apr );; line 99936 (wfb::constitution sierra_leone "1 October 1991; suspended following 19 April 1992 coup" );; line 99940 (wfb::legal_system sierra_leone "based on English law and customary laws indigenous to local tribes; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 99944 (wfb::comment suffrage sierra_leone " universal" );; line 99949 (wfb::suffrage sierra_leone (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 99949 (wfb::executive_branch sierra_leone chief_of_state "Chairman of the Supreme Council of State Capt. Valentine E. M. STRASSER " date_29_apr_1992 );; line 99954 (wfb::executive_branch sierra_leone head_of_government "Chairman of the Supreme Council of State Capt. Valentine E. M. STRASSER " date_29_apr_1992 );; line 99954 (wfb::comment executive_branch sierra_leone cabinet "responsible to the Supreme Council of State (SCS)" );; line 99957 (wfb::executive_branch sierra_leone cabinet "Council of Secretaries" );; line 99957 (wfb::judicial_branch sierra_leone "Supreme Court (suspended after coup of 29 April 1992)" );; line 99968 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders sierra_leone "status of existing political parties is unknown following 29 April 1992 coup" );; line 99972 (wfb::member_of sierra_leone acp );; line 99977 (wfb::member_of sierra_leone afdb );; line 99977 (wfb::member_of sierra_leone c );; line 99977 (wfb::member_of sierra_leone ccc );; line 99977 (wfb::member_of sierra_leone eca );; line 99977 (wfb::member_of sierra_leone ecowas );; line 99977 (wfb::member_of sierra_leone fao );; line 99977 (wfb::member_of sierra_leone g-77 );; line 99977 (wfb::member_of sierra_leone gatt );; line 99977 (wfb::member_of sierra_leone iaea );; line 99977 (wfb::member_of sierra_leone ibrd );; line 99977 (wfb::member_of sierra_leone icao );; line 99977 (wfb::member_of sierra_leone icftu );; line 99977 (wfb::member_of sierra_leone icrm );; line 99977 (wfb::member_of sierra_leone ida );; line 99977 (wfb::member_of sierra_leone idb );; line 99977 (wfb::member_of sierra_leone ifad );; line 99977 (wfb::member_of sierra_leone ifc );; line 99977 (wfb::member_of sierra_leone ifrcs );; line 99977 (wfb::member_of sierra_leone ilo );; line 99977 (wfb::member_of sierra_leone imf );; line 99977 (wfb::member_of sierra_leone imo );; line 99977 (wfb::member_of sierra_leone intelsat );; line 99977 (wfb::comment member_of sierra_leone intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 99977 (wfb::member_of sierra_leone interpol );; line 99977 (wfb::member_of sierra_leone ioc );; line 99977 (wfb::member_of sierra_leone itu );; line 99977 (wfb::member_of sierra_leone nam );; line 99977 (wfb::member_of sierra_leone oau );; line 99977 (wfb::member_of sierra_leone oic );; line 99977 (wfb::member_of sierra_leone un );; line 99977 (wfb::member_of sierra_leone unctad );; line 99977 (wfb::member_of sierra_leone unesco );; line 99977 (wfb::member_of sierra_leone unido );; line 99977 (wfb::member_of sierra_leone upu );; line 99977 (wfb::member_of sierra_leone wcl );; line 99977 (wfb::member_of sierra_leone wftu );; line 99977 (wfb::member_of sierra_leone who );; line 99977 (wfb::member_of sierra_leone wipo );; line 99977 (wfb::member_of sierra_leone wmo );; line 99977 (wfb::member_of sierra_leone wto );; line 99977 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us sierra_leone chief_of_mission "Ambassador Thomas Kahota KARGBO" );; line 99985 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us sierra_leone chancery "1701 19th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009" );; line 99987 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us sierra_leone telephone "[1] (202) 939-9261" );; line 99989 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation sierra_leone chief_of_mission "Ambassador Lauralee M. PETERS" );; line 99994 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation sierra_leone embassy "Corner of Walpole and Siaka Stevens Streets, Freetown" );; line 99996 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation sierra_leone mailing_address "use embassy street address" );; line 99998 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation sierra_leone telephone "[232] (22) 226481 trough 226485" );; line 100000 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation sierra_leone fax "[232] (22) 225471" );; line 100002 (wfb::flag sierra_leone "three equal horizontal bands of light green (top), white, and light blue" );; line 100006 (wfb::overview sierra_leone "Sierra Leone has substantial mineral, agricultural, and fishery resources, but the economic and social infrastructure is not well developed. Agriculture generates about 40% of GDP and employs about two-thirds of the working population, with subsistence agriculture dominating the sector. Manufacturing, which accounts for roughly 10% of GDP, consists mainly of the processing of raw materials and of light manufacturing for the domestic market. Diamond mining provides an important source of hard currency. Since 1990, the government has been able to meet its IMF- and World Bank-mandated stabilization targets, holding down fiscal deficits, increasing foreign exchange reserves, and retiring much of its domestic debt - but at a steep cost in terms of capital investments and social spending. Moreover, the economic infrastructure has nearly collapsed due to neglect and war-related disruptions in the mining and agricultural export sectors. The continuing civil war in Liberia has led to a large influx of refugees, who place additional burdens on Sierra Leon's fragile economy." );; line 100012 (wfb::estimation-date national_product sierra_leone date_1993 );; line 100030 (wfb::national_product sierra_leone (* 4.5e9 $) );; line 100030 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate sierra_leone date_1993 );; line 100034 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate sierra_leone (* 0.7 %) );; line 100034 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita sierra_leone date_1993 );; line 100038 (wfb::national_product_per_capita sierra_leone (* 1000 $) );; line 100038 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| sierra_leone "22% (1993 est.)" );; line 100042 (wfb::unemployment_rate sierra_leone (* n/a %) );; line 100046 (wfb::budget sierra_leone revenues (* 68e6 $) );; line 100051 (wfb::estimation-date budget sierra_leone date_1992 );; line 100053 (wfb::budget sierra_leone expenditures (* 118e6 $) );; line 100053 (wfb::budget sierra_leone capital_expenditures (* 28e6 $) );; line 100053 (wfb::exports sierra_leone (* 149e6 $) );; line 100058 (wfb::exports sierra_leone commodities rutile (* 48 %) );; line 100060 (wfb::exports sierra_leone commodities bauxite-commodity (* 25 %) );; line 100060 (wfb::exports sierra_leone commodities diamonds-commodity (* 16 %) );; line 100060 (wfb::exports sierra_leone commodities coffee n/a );; line 100060 (wfb::exports sierra_leone commodities cocoa n/a );; line 100060 (wfb::exports sierra_leone commodities fish-commodity n/a );; line 100060 (wfb::exports sierra_leone partners us n/a );; line 100062 (wfb::exports sierra_leone partners uk n/a );; line 100062 (wfb::exports sierra_leone partners belgium n/a );; line 100062 (wfb::exports sierra_leone partners germany n/a );; line 100062 (wfb::imports sierra_leone (* 149e6 $) );; line 100066 (wfb::imports sierra_leone commodities foodstuffs (* 48 %) );; line 100068 (wfb::imports sierra_leone commodities machinery_and_equipment (* 32 %) );; line 100068 (wfb::imports sierra_leone commodities fuels (* 9 %) );; line 100068 (wfb::imports sierra_leone partners us n/a );; line 100070 (wfb::imports sierra_leone partners ec_countries n/a );; line 100070 (wfb::imports sierra_leone partners japan n/a );; line 100070 (wfb::imports sierra_leone partners china n/a );; line 100070 (wfb::imports sierra_leone partners nigeria n/a );; line 100070 (wfb::for-fiscal-year industrial_production 91 );; line 100078 (wfb::for-fiscal-year industrial_production sierra_leone 91 );; line 100078 (wfb::industrial_production sierra_leone growth_rate (* -1.5 %) );; line 100078 (wfb::industrial_production sierra_leone accounts_for (* 11 %_of_gdp) );; line 100078 (wfb::electricity sierra_leone capacity (* 130000 kw) );; line 100083 (wfb::electricity sierra_leone production (* 220e6 kwh) );; line 100085 (wfb::measurement-date electricity sierra_leone consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 100087 (wfb::electricity sierra_leone consumption_per_capita (* 44 kwh) );; line 100087 (wfb::industry sierra_leone |mining (diamonds, bauxite, rutile)| );; line 100091 (wfb::industry sierra_leone |small-scale manufacturing (beverages, textiles, cigarettes, footwear)| );; line 100091 (wfb::industry sierra_leone petroleum_refinery );; line 100091 (wfb::agriculture sierra_leone "largely subsistence farming; cash crops - coffee, cocoa, palm kernels; harvests of food staple rice meets 80% of domestic needs; annual fish catch averages 53,000 metric tons" );; line 100096 (wfb::economic_aid sierra_leone recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $161 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $848 million; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $18 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $101 million" );; line 100103 (wfb::abbreviation leone "Le" );; line 100110 (wfb::currency sierra_leone leone 100 cents );; line 100110 (wfb::exchange_rates sierra_leone "leones (Le) per US$1 - 617.67 (January 1995), 586.74 (1994), 567.46 (1993), 499.44 (1992), 295.34 (1991), 144.9275 (1990)" );; line 100114 (wfb::fiscal_year sierra_leone date_1_jul date_30_jun );; line 100119 (wfb::railroads sierra_leone total "84 km mineral line is used on a limited basis because the mine at Marampa is closed" );; line 100125 (wfb::railroads sierra_leone narrow_gauge "84 km 1.067-m gauge" );; line 100128 (wfb::highways sierra_leone total (* 7400 km) );; line 100133 (wfb::highways sierra_leone paved (* 1150 km) );; line 100135 (wfb::highways sierra_leone (union crushed_stone gravel ) (* 490 km) );; line 100137 (wfb::highways sierra_leone improved_earth (* 5760 km) );; line 100137 (wfb::inland_waterways sierra_leone "800 km; 600 km navigable year round" );; line 100141 (wfb::port sierra_leone bonthe-sierra_leone );; line 100145 (wfb::port sierra_leone freetown-sierra_leone );; line 100145 (wfb::port sierra_leone pepel-sierra_leone );; line 100145 (wfb::merchant_marine sierra_leone "none" );; line 100149 (wfb::airports sierra_leone total 11 );; line 100154 (wfb::airports sierra_leone |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 100156 (wfb::airports sierra_leone |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 3 );; line 100158 (wfb::airports sierra_leone with_paved_runways_under_914_m 3 );; line 100160 (wfb::airports sierra_leone |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 4 );; line 100162 (wfb::telephone_system sierra_leone "23,650 telephones; telephone density - 5 telephones/1,000 persons; marginal telephone and telegraph service" );; line 100167 (wfb::telephone_system sierra_leone local "NA" );; line 100170 (wfb::telephone_system sierra_leone intercity "national microwave radio relay system made unserviceable by military activities" );; line 100172 (wfb::telephone_system sierra_leone international "1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station" );; line 100175 (wfb::radio sierra_leone broadcast_stations am 1 );; line 100180 (wfb::radio sierra_leone broadcast_stations fm 1 );; line 100180 (wfb::radio sierra_leone broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 100180 (wfb::radio sierra_leone radios n/a );; line 100182 (wfb::television sierra_leone broadcast_stations 1 );; line 100187 (wfb::television sierra_leone televisions n/a );; line 100189 (wfb::defense_branch sierra_leone army_sierra_leone );; line 100195 (wfb::defense_branch sierra_leone navy_sierra_leone );; line 100195 (wfb::defense_branch sierra_leone police_sierra_leone );; line 100195 (wfb::defense_branch sierra_leone security_forces_sierra_leone );; line 100195 (wfb::manpower_availability sierra_leone "males age 15-49 1,030,332; males fit for military service 498,945 (1995 est.)" );; line 100199 (wfb::for-fiscal-year defense_expenditures sierra_leone 92 );; line 100204 (wfb::defense_expenditures sierra_leone (* 14e6 $) );; line 100204 (wfb::defense_expenditures sierra_leone (* 2.6 %_of_gdp) );; line 100204 (wfb::markup-parameter figure singapore "graphno=\"sn.tif\"" );; line 100210 (wfb::location singapore "Southeastern Asia, islands between Malaysia and Indonesia" );; line 100214 (wfb::map_references singapore "Southeast Asia" );; line 100218 (wfb::area singapore total_area (* 632.6 sq_km) );; line 100223 (wfb::area singapore land_area (* 622.6 sq_km) );; line 100225 (wfb::area singapore comparative_area "slightly less than 3.5 times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 100227 (wfb::coastline singapore (* 193 km) );; line 100235 (wfb::maritime_claims singapore territorial_sea (* 3 nm) );; line 100243 (wfb::international_disputes singapore "two islands in dispute with Malaysia" );; line 100247 (wfb::climate singapore "tropical" );; line 100251 (wfb::climate singapore "hot, humid, rainy" );; line 100251 (wfb::climate singapore "no pronounced rainy or dry seasons" );; line 100251 (wfb::climate singapore "thunderstorms occur on 40% of all days (67% of days in April)" );; line 100251 (wfb::terrain singapore "lowland" );; line 100256 (wfb::terrain singapore "gently undulating central plateau contains water catchment area and nature preserve" );; line 100256 (wfb::natural-resource singapore fish );; line 100261 (wfb::natural-resource singapore deepwater_ports );; line 100261 (wfb::land_use singapore arable_land (* 4 %) );; line 100266 (wfb::land_use singapore permanent_crops (* 7 %) );; line 100268 (wfb::land_use singapore meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 100270 (wfb::land_use singapore forest_and_woodland (* 5 %) );; line 100272 (wfb::land_use singapore other (* 84 %) );; line 100274 (wfb::irrigated_land singapore (* n/a sq_km) );; line 100278 (wfb::environment singapore current_issues "industrial pollution" );; line 100283 (wfb::environment singapore current_issues "limited natural fresh water resources" );; line 100283 (wfb::environment singapore current_issues "limited land availability presents waste disposal problems" );; line 100283 (wfb::environment singapore natural_hazards "NA" );; line 100286 (wfb::environment singapore international_agreements "party to - Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution" );; line 100288 (wfb::environment singapore international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Climate Change" );; line 100288 (wfb::note singapore "focal point for Southeast Asian sea routes" );; line 100294 (wfb::estimation-date population singapore date_jul_1995 );; line 100300 (wfb::population singapore 2890468 );; line 100300 (wfb::age_structure singapore 0-14_years (* 23 %) );; line 100305 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex singapore 0-14_years female 327417 );; line 100305 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex singapore 0-14_years male 348345 );; line 100305 (wfb::age_structure singapore 15-64_years (* 70 %) );; line 100307 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex singapore 15-64_years female 991015 );; line 100307 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex singapore 15-64_years male 1030668 );; line 100307 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure singapore 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 100309 (wfb::age_structure singapore 65_years_and_over (* 7 %) );; line 100309 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex singapore 65_years_and_over female 105081 );; line 100309 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex singapore 65_years_and_over male 87942 );; line 100309 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate singapore date_1995 );; line 100313 (wfb::population_growth_rate singapore (* 1.06 %) );; line 100313 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate singapore date_1995 );; line 100317 (wfb::birth_rate singapore (* 15.93 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 100317 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate singapore date_1995 );; line 100321 (wfb::death_rate singapore (* 5.35 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 100321 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate singapore date_1995 );; line 100325 (wfb::net_migration_rate singapore (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 100325 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate singapore date_1995 );; line 100329 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate singapore (* 5.7 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 100329 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth singapore total_population (* 76.16 years) );; line 100334 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth singapore male (* 73.28 years) );; line 100336 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth singapore female date_1995 );; line 100338 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth singapore female (* 79.25 years) );; line 100338 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate singapore date_1995 );; line 100342 (wfb::total_fertility_rate singapore (* 1.87 children_born/woman) );; line 100342 (wfb::nationality singapore noun "Singaporean(s)" );; line 100347 (wfb::nationality singapore adjective "Singapore" );; line 100349 (wfb::ethnic-entity singapore chinese (* 76.4 %) );; line 100353 (wfb::ethnic-entity singapore malay (* 14.9 %) );; line 100353 (wfb::ethnic-entity singapore indian (* 6.4 %) );; line 100353 (wfb::religion singapore buddhist n/a );; line 100357 (wfb::religion singapore muslim n/a );; line 100357 (wfb::religion singapore christian n/a );; line 100357 (wfb::religion singapore hindu n/a );; line 100357 (wfb::religion singapore sikh n/a );; line 100357 (wfb::religion singapore taoist n/a );; line 100357 (wfb::religion singapore confucianist n/a );; line 100357 (wfb::language singapore chinese-language-group n/a );; line 100362 (wfb::comment language singapore chinese-language-group "official" );; line 100362 (wfb::language singapore malay-language-group n/a );; line 100362 (wfb::comment language singapore malay-language-group "official and national" );; line 100362 (wfb::language singapore tamil n/a );; line 100362 (wfb::comment language singapore tamil "official" );; line 100362 (wfb::language singapore english n/a );; line 100362 (wfb::comment language singapore english "official" );; line 100362 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition singapore date_1990 );; line 100367 (wfb::literacy-condition singapore "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 100367 (wfb::literacy singapore total_population (* 89 %) );; line 100369 (wfb::literacy singapore male (* 95 %) );; line 100371 (wfb::literacy singapore female (* 83 %) );; line 100373 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force singapore date_1994 );; line 100377 (wfb::total_labor_force singapore 1.649e6 );; line 100377 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force singapore by_occupation date_1994 );; line 100379 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1994 );; line 100379 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation singapore financial n/a );; line 100379 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation singapore business n/a );; line 100379 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation singapore manufacturing (* 25.6 %) );; line 100379 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation singapore commerce (* 22.9 %) );; line 100379 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation singapore construction (* 6.6 %) );; line 100379 (wfb::names singapore conventional_long_form "Republic of Singapore" );; line 100386 (wfb::names singapore conventional_short_form "Singapore" );; line 100388 (wfb::digraph singapore "SN" );; line 100392 (wfb::type singapore "republic within Commonwealth" );; line 100396 (wfb::capital singapore singapore-singapore );; line 100400 (wfb::independence singapore date_9_aug_1965 "Malaysia" );; line 100408 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1965 );; line 100412 (wfb::comment national_holiday singapore "1965" );; line 100412 (wfb::national_holiday singapore "National Day" date_9_aug );; line 100412 (wfb::constitution singapore "3 June 1959, amended 1965 (based on preindependence State of Singapore Constitution)" );; line 100416 (wfb::legal_system singapore "based on English common law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 100421 (wfb::comment suffrage singapore " universal and compulsory" );; line 100426 (wfb::suffrage singapore (* 20 years_of_age) );; line 100426 (wfb::comment executive_branch singapore chief_of_state "election last held 28 August 1993 (next to be held NA August 1997)" );; line 100431 (wfb::comment executive_branch singapore chief_of_state "results - ONG Teng Cheong was elected with 59% of the vote in the country's first popular election for president" );; line 100431 (wfb::executive_branch singapore chief_of_state "President ONG Teng Cheong " date_1_sep_1993 );; line 100431 (wfb::comment executive_branch singapore head_of_government "Deputy Prime Minister LEE Hsien Loong (since 28 November 1990)" );; line 100436 (wfb::executive_branch singapore head_of_government "Prime Minister GOH Chok Tong " date_28_nov_1990 );; line 100436 (wfb::comment executive_branch singapore cabinet "appointed by the president, responsible to parliament" );; line 100439 (wfb::executive_branch singapore cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 100439 (wfb::legislative_structure singapore unicameral n/a );; line 100443 (wfb::legislative_branch singapore "Parliament" "elections last held 31 August 1991 (next to be held by 31 August 1996); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (81 total) PAP 77, SDP 3, WP 1" );; line 100445 (wfb::judicial_branch singapore "Supreme Court" );; line 100451 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders singapore government "People's Action Party (PAP), GOH Chok Tong, secretary general" );; line 100456 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders singapore opposition "Workers' Party (WP), J. B. JEYARETNAM; Singapore Democratic Party (SDP), CHEE Soon Juan; National Solidarity Party (NSP), leader NA; Barisan Sosialis (BS, Socialist Front), leader NA; Singapore People's Party (SPP), SIN Kek Tong" );; line 100458 (wfb::member_of singapore apec );; line 100465 (wfb::member_of singapore asdb );; line 100465 (wfb::member_of singapore asean );; line 100465 (wfb::member_of singapore c );; line 100465 (wfb::member_of singapore ccc );; line 100465 (wfb::member_of singapore cp );; line 100465 (wfb::member_of singapore escap );; line 100465 (wfb::member_of singapore g-77 );; line 100465 (wfb::member_of singapore gatt );; line 100465 (wfb::member_of singapore iaea );; line 100465 (wfb::member_of singapore ibrd );; line 100465 (wfb::member_of singapore icao );; line 100465 (wfb::member_of singapore icc );; line 100465 (wfb::member_of singapore icftu );; line 100465 (wfb::member_of singapore icrm );; line 100465 (wfb::member_of singapore ifc );; line 100465 (wfb::member_of singapore ifrcs );; line 100465 (wfb::member_of singapore ilo );; line 100465 (wfb::member_of singapore imf );; line 100465 (wfb::member_of singapore imo );; line 100465 (wfb::member_of singapore inmarsat );; line 100465 (wfb::member_of singapore intelsat );; line 100465 (wfb::member_of singapore interpol );; line 100465 (wfb::member_of singapore ioc );; line 100465 (wfb::member_of singapore iso );; line 100465 (wfb::member_of singapore itu );; line 100465 (wfb::member_of singapore nam );; line 100465 (wfb::member_of singapore pca );; line 100465 (wfb::member_of singapore un );; line 100465 (wfb::member_of singapore unctad );; line 100465 (wfb::member_of singapore unikom );; line 100465 (wfb::member_of singapore upu );; line 100465 (wfb::member_of singapore who );; line 100465 (wfb::member_of singapore wipo );; line 100465 (wfb::member_of singapore wmo );; line 100465 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us singapore chief_of_mission "Ambassador Sellapan Rama NATHAN" );; line 100472 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us singapore chancery "3501 International Place NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 100474 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us singapore telephone "[1] (202) 537-3100" );; line 100476 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us singapore fax "[1] (202) 537-0876" );; line 100478 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation singapore chief_of_mission "Ambassador Timothy A. CHORBA" );; line 100483 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation singapore embassy "30 Hill Street, Singapore 0617" );; line 100485 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation singapore mailing_address "FPO AP 96534" );; line 100487 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation singapore telephone "[65] 3380251" );; line 100489 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation singapore fax "[65] 3384550" );; line 100491 (wfb::flag singapore "two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; near the hoist side of the red band, there is a vertical, white crescent (closed portion is toward the hoist side) partially enclosing five white five-pointed stars arranged in a circle" );; line 100495 (wfb::overview singapore "Singapore has an open entrepreneurial economy with strong service and manufacturing sectors and excellent international trading links derived from its entrepot history. The economy registered 10.1% growth in 1994, with prospects for 7.5%-8.5% growth in 1995. In 1994, the manufacturing and financial and business services sectors have led economic growth. Exports boomed, led by the electronics sector, particularly US demand for disk drives. Rising labor costs continue to be a threat to Singapore's competitiveness, but there are indications that productivity is keeping up. In applied technology, per capita output, investment, and labor discipline, Singapore has key attributes of a developed country." );; line 100503 (wfb::estimation-date national_product singapore date_1994 );; line 100516 (wfb::national_product singapore (* 57e9 $) );; line 100516 (wfb::measurement-date national_product_real_growth_rate singapore date_1994 );; line 100520 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate singapore (* 10.1 %) );; line 100520 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita singapore date_1994 );; line 100524 (wfb::national_product_per_capita singapore (* 19940 $) );; line 100524 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| singapore "3.6% (1994)" );; line 100528 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate singapore date_1994 );; line 100532 (wfb::unemployment_rate singapore (* 2.6 %) );; line 100532 (wfb::budget singapore revenues (* 11.9e9 $) );; line 100537 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year budget singapore 93 );; line 100539 (wfb::budget singapore expenditures (* 10.5e9 $) );; line 100539 (wfb::budget singapore capital_expenditures (* 3.9e9 $) );; line 100539 (wfb::exports singapore (* 96.4e9 $) );; line 100544 (wfb::exports singapore commodities computer_equipment n/a );; line 100546 (wfb::exports singapore commodities rubber_and_rubber_products n/a );; line 100546 (wfb::exports singapore commodities petroleum_products-commodity n/a );; line 100546 (wfb::exports singapore commodities telecommunications_equipment n/a );; line 100546 (wfb::measurement-date exports singapore date_1994 );; line 100549 (wfb::exports singapore partners malaysia (* 20 %) );; line 100549 (wfb::exports singapore partners us (* 19 %) );; line 100549 (wfb::exports singapore partners hong_kong (* 9 %) );; line 100549 (wfb::exports singapore partners japan (* 7 %) );; line 100549 (wfb::exports singapore partners thailand (* 6 %) );; line 100549 (wfb::imports singapore (* 102.4e9 $) );; line 100553 (wfb::imports singapore commodities aircraft n/a );; line 100555 (wfb::imports singapore commodities petroleum-commodity n/a );; line 100555 (wfb::imports singapore commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 100555 (wfb::imports singapore commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 100555 (wfb::measurement-date imports singapore date_1994 );; line 100557 (wfb::imports singapore partners japan (* 22 %) );; line 100557 (wfb::imports singapore partners malaysia (* 16 %) );; line 100557 (wfb::imports singapore partners us (* 15 %) );; line 100557 (wfb::imports singapore partners taiwan (* 4 %) );; line 100557 (wfb::imports singapore partners saudi_arabia (* 4 %) );; line 100557 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt singapore date_1993 );; line 100562 (wfb::external_debt singapore (* 20e6 $) );; line 100562 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 100566 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 100566 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production singapore date_1994 );; line 100566 (wfb::industrial_production singapore growth_rate (* 13 %) );; line 100566 (wfb::industrial_production singapore accounts_for (* 28 %_of_gdp) );; line 100566 (wfb::electricity singapore capacity (* 4510000 kw) );; line 100571 (wfb::electricity singapore production (* 17e9 kwh) );; line 100573 (wfb::measurement-date electricity singapore consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 100575 (wfb::electricity singapore consumption_per_capita (* 5590 kwh) );; line 100575 (wfb::industry singapore petroleum_refining );; line 100579 (wfb::industry singapore electronics-industry );; line 100579 (wfb::industry singapore oil_drilling_equipment );; line 100579 (wfb::industry singapore rubber_processing_and_rubber_products );; line 100579 (wfb::industry singapore processed_food_and_beverages );; line 100579 (wfb::industry singapore ship_repair );; line 100579 (wfb::industry singapore entrepot_trade );; line 100579 (wfb::industry singapore financial_services-industry );; line 100579 (wfb::industry singapore biotechnology );; line 100579 (wfb::agriculture singapore "minor importance in the economy; self-sufficient in poultry and eggs; must import much of other food; major crops - rubber, copra, fruit, vegetables" );; line 100585 (wfb::illicit_drugs singapore "transit point for Golden Triangle heroin going to the US, Western Europe, and the Third World; also a major money-laundering center" );; line 100591 (wfb::economic_aid singapore recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-83), $590 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $1 billion" );; line 100597 (wfb::abbreviation singapore_dollar "S$" );; line 100602 (wfb::currency singapore singapore_dollar 100 cents );; line 100602 (wfb::exchange_rates singapore "Singapore dollars (S$) per US$1 - 1.4524 (January 1995), 1.5275 (1994), 1.6158 (1993), 1.6290 (1992), 1.7276 (1991), 1.8125 (1990)" );; line 100606 (wfb::fiscal_year singapore date_1_apr date_31_mar );; line 100611 (wfb::railroads singapore total "38.6 km" );; line 100617 (wfb::railroads singapore narrow_gauge "38.6 km 1.000-m gauge" );; line 100619 (wfb::highways singapore total (* 2883 km) );; line 100624 (wfb::highways singapore paved (* 2796 km) );; line 100626 (wfb::estimation-date highways singapore date_1991 );; line 100628 (wfb::port singapore singapore-singapore );; line 100632 (wfb::merchant_marine singapore total "563 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 11,167,596 GRT/17,845,687 DWT" );; line 100637 (wfb::merchant_marine singapore ships_by_type "bulk 96, cargo 121, chemical tanker 16, combination bulk 2, combination ore/oil 7, container 78, liquefied gas tanker 6, oil tanker 198, refrigerated cargo 1, roll-on/roll-off cargo 12, short-sea passenger 1, specialized tanker 3, vehicle carrier 22" );; line 100640 (wfb::comment merchant_marine singapore "a flag of convenience registry; includes 20 countries among which are Japan 35 ships, Denmark 21, Germany 21, Hong Kong 18, Belgium 14, Thailand 11, Sweden 8, US 7, Indonesia 6, and Norway 5; Singapore owns 1 ship under Malaysia registry" );; line 100645 (wfb::airports singapore total 10 );; line 100653 (wfb::airports singapore |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 3 );; line 100655 (wfb::airports singapore |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 2 );; line 100657 (wfb::airports singapore |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 4 );; line 100659 (wfb::airports singapore |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 100661 (wfb::telephone_system singapore "1,110,000 telephones; good domestic facilities; good international service; good radio and television broadcast coverage" );; line 100666 (wfb::telephone_system singapore local "NA" );; line 100669 (wfb::telephone_system singapore intercity "NA" );; line 100671 (wfb::telephone_system singapore international "submarine cables extend to Malaysia (Sabah and Peninsular Malaysia), Indonesia, and the Philippines; 2 INTELSAT (1 Indian Ocean and 1 Pacific Ocean) earth stations" );; line 100673 (wfb::radio singapore broadcast_stations am 13 );; line 100680 (wfb::radio singapore broadcast_stations fm 4 );; line 100680 (wfb::radio singapore broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 100680 (wfb::radio singapore radios n/a );; line 100682 (wfb::television singapore broadcast_stations 2 );; line 100687 (wfb::television singapore televisions n/a );; line 100689 (wfb::defense_branch singapore army_singapore );; line 100695 (wfb::defense_branch singapore navy_singapore );; line 100695 (wfb::defense_branch singapore air_force_singapore );; line 100695 (wfb::defense_branch singapore |People's Defense Force_singapore| );; line 100695 (wfb::defense_branch singapore police_force_singapore );; line 100695 (wfb::manpower_availability singapore "males age 15-49 860,437; males fit for military service 629,973 (1995 est.)" );; line 100699 (wfb::estimation-date defense_expenditures singapore date_1993 );; line 100704 (wfb::defense_expenditures singapore (* 2.7e9 $) );; line 100704 (wfb::defense_expenditures singapore (* 6 %_of_gdp) );; line 100704 (wfb::markup-parameter figure slovakia "graphno=\"lo.tif\"" );; line 100710 (wfb::location slovakia "Central Europe, south of Poland" );; line 100714 (wfb::map_references slovakia "Ethnic Groups in Eastern Europe, Europe" );; line 100718 (wfb::area slovakia total_area (* 48845 sq_km) );; line 100723 (wfb::area slovakia land_area (* 48800 sq_km) );; line 100725 (wfb::area slovakia comparative_area "about twice the size of New Hampshire" );; line 100727 (wfb::borders slovakia total (* 1355 km) );; line 100731 (wfb::borders slovakia austria (* 91 km) );; line 100731 (wfb::borders slovakia czech_republic (* 215 km) );; line 100731 (wfb::borders slovakia hungary (* 515 km) );; line 100731 (wfb::borders slovakia poland (* 444 km) );; line 100731 (wfb::borders slovakia ukraine (* 90 km) );; line 100731 (wfb::comment coastline slovakia "landlocked" );; line 100736 (wfb::coastline slovakia (* 0 km) );; line 100736 (wfb::maritime_claims slovakia "none; landlocked" );; line 100740 (wfb::international_disputes slovakia "Gabcikovo Dam dispute with Hungary" );; line 100744 (wfb::international_disputes slovakia "unresolved property issues with Czech Republic over redistribution of former Czechoslovak federal property" );; line 100744 (wfb::climate slovakia "temperate" );; line 100750 (wfb::climate slovakia "cool summers" );; line 100750 (wfb::climate slovakia "cold, cloudy, humid winters" );; line 100750 (wfb::terrain slovakia "rugged mountains in the central and northern part and lowlands in the south" );; line 100754 (wfb::natural-resource slovakia brown_coal_and_lignite );; line 100759 (wfb::natural-resource slovakia small_amounts_of_iron_ore );; line 100759 (wfb::natural-resource slovakia copper_and_manganese_ore );; line 100759 (wfb::natural-resource slovakia salt );; line 100759 (wfb::land_use slovakia arable_land (* n/a %) );; line 100765 (wfb::land_use slovakia permanent_crops (* n/a %) );; line 100767 (wfb::land_use slovakia meadows_and_pastures (* n/a %) );; line 100769 (wfb::land_use slovakia forest_and_woodland (* n/a %) );; line 100771 (wfb::land_use slovakia other (* n/a %) );; line 100773 (wfb::irrigated_land slovakia (* n/a sq_km) );; line 100777 (wfb::environment slovakia current_issues "air pollution from metallurgical plants presents human health risks" );; line 100782 (wfb::environment slovakia current_issues "acid rain damaging forests" );; line 100782 (wfb::environment slovakia natural_hazards "NA" );; line 100785 (wfb::environment slovakia international_agreements "party to - Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands" );; line 100787 (wfb::environment slovakia international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Law of the Sea" );; line 100787 (wfb::note slovakia "landlocked" );; line 100795 (wfb::estimation-date population slovakia date_jul_1995 );; line 100801 (wfb::population slovakia 5432383 );; line 100801 (wfb::age_structure slovakia 0-14_years (* 23 %) );; line 100806 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex slovakia 0-14_years female 609795 );; line 100806 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex slovakia 0-14_years male 638346 );; line 100806 (wfb::age_structure slovakia 15-64_years (* 66 %) );; line 100808 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex slovakia 15-64_years female 1807312 );; line 100808 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex slovakia 15-64_years male 1778712 );; line 100808 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure slovakia 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 100810 (wfb::age_structure slovakia 65_years_and_over (* 11 %) );; line 100810 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex slovakia 65_years_and_over female 364610 );; line 100810 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex slovakia 65_years_and_over male 233608 );; line 100810 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate slovakia date_1995 );; line 100814 (wfb::population_growth_rate slovakia (* 0.54 %) );; line 100814 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate slovakia date_1995 );; line 100818 (wfb::birth_rate slovakia (* 14.51 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 100818 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate slovakia date_1995 );; line 100822 (wfb::death_rate slovakia (* 9.12 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 100822 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate slovakia date_1995 );; line 100826 (wfb::net_migration_rate slovakia (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 100826 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate slovakia date_1995 );; line 100830 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate slovakia (* 10 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 100830 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth slovakia total_population (* 73.24 years) );; line 100835 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth slovakia male (* 69.15 years) );; line 100837 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth slovakia female date_1995 );; line 100839 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth slovakia female (* 77.57 years) );; line 100839 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate slovakia date_1995 );; line 100843 (wfb::total_fertility_rate slovakia (* 1.93 children_born/woman) );; line 100843 (wfb::nationality slovakia noun "Slovak(s)" );; line 100848 (wfb::nationality slovakia adjective "Slovak" );; line 100850 (wfb::ethnic-entity slovakia slovak (* 85.7 %) );; line 100854 (wfb::ethnic-entity slovakia hungarian (* 10.7 %) );; line 100854 (wfb::comment ethnic-entity "the 1992 census figures underreport the Gypsy/Romany community, which could reach 500,000 or more" );; line 100854 (wfb::ethnic-entity slovakia gypsy (* 1.5 %) );; line 100854 (wfb::ethnic-entity slovakia czech (* 1 %) );; line 100854 (wfb::ethnic-entity slovakia ruthenian (* 0.3 %) );; line 100854 (wfb::ethnic-entity slovakia ukrainian (* 0.3 %) );; line 100854 (wfb::ethnic-entity slovakia german-ethnic-entity (* 0.1 %) );; line 100854 (wfb::ethnic-entity slovakia polish (* 0.1 %) );; line 100854 (wfb::religion slovakia roman_catholic (* 60.3 %) );; line 100861 (wfb::religion slovakia atheist (* 9.7 %) );; line 100861 (wfb::religion slovakia protestant (* 8.4 %) );; line 100861 (wfb::religion slovakia orthodox (* 4.1 %) );; line 100861 (wfb::language slovakia slovak-language-group n/a );; line 100866 (wfb::comment language slovakia slovak-language-group "official" );; line 100866 (wfb::language slovakia hungarian-language-group n/a );; line 100866 (wfb::literacy-condition slovakia "NA%" );; line 100870 (wfb::total_labor_force slovakia 2.484e6 );; line 100874 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force slovakia by_occupation date_1990 );; line 100876 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1990 );; line 100876 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation slovakia industry (* 33.2 %) );; line 100876 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation slovakia agriculture (* 12.2 %) );; line 100876 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation slovakia construction (* 10.3 %) );; line 100876 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation slovakia communication_and_other (* 44.3 %) );; line 100876 (wfb::names slovakia conventional_long_form "Slovak Republic" );; line 100883 (wfb::names slovakia conventional_short_form "Slovakia" );; line 100885 (wfb::names slovakia local_long_form "Slovenska Republika" );; line 100887 (wfb::names slovakia local_short_form "Slovensko" );; line 100889 (wfb::digraph slovakia "LO" );; line 100893 (wfb::type slovakia "parliamentary democracy" );; line 100897 (wfb::capital slovakia bratislava-slovakia );; line 100901 (wfb::independence slovakia date_1_jan_1993 "Czechoslovakia" );; line 100910 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1944 );; line 100914 (wfb::comment national_holiday slovakia "1944" );; line 100914 (wfb::national_holiday slovakia "Anniversary of Slovak National Uprising" date_aug_29 );; line 100914 (wfb::constitution slovakia "ratified 1 September 1992, fully effective 1 January 1993" );; line 100918 (wfb::legal_system slovakia "civil law system based on Austro-Hungarian codes; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction; legal code modified to comply with the obligations of Organization on Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) and to expunge Marxist-Leninist legal theory" );; line 100922 (wfb::comment suffrage slovakia " universal" );; line 100929 (wfb::suffrage slovakia (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 100929 (wfb::comment executive_branch slovakia chief_of_state "election last held 8 February 1993 (next to be held NA 1998)" );; line 100934 (wfb::comment executive_branch slovakia chief_of_state "results - Michal KOVAC elected by the National Council" );; line 100934 (wfb::executive_branch slovakia chief_of_state "President Michal KOVAC " date_8_feb_1993 );; line 100934 (wfb::executive_branch slovakia head_of_government "Prime Minister Vladimir MECIAR " date_12_dec_1994 );; line 100938 (wfb::comment executive_branch slovakia cabinet "appointed by the president on recommendation of the prime minister" );; line 100940 (wfb::executive_branch slovakia cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 100940 (wfb::legislative_structure slovakia unicameral n/a );; line 100945 (wfb::legislative_branch slovakia "National Council (Narodni Rada)" "elections last held 30 September-1 October 1994 (next to be held by October 1998); results - HZDS 35%, SDL 10.4%, Hungarian coalition (Hungarian Christian Democrats, Hungarian Civic Party, Coexistence) 10.2%, KDH 10.1%, DU 8.6%, ZRS 7.3%, SNS 5.4%; seats - (150 total) governing coalition 83 (HZDS 61, ZRS 13, SNS 9), opposition 67 (SDL 18, Hungarian coalition 17, KDH 17, DU 15)" );; line 100947 (wfb::judicial_branch slovakia "Supreme Court" );; line 100956 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders slovakia "Movement for a Democratic Slovakia (HZDS), Vladimir MECIAR, chairman; Common Choice/Party of the Democratic Left (SDL), Peter WEISS, chairman; Hungarian Christian Democrats, Vojtech BUGAR; Hungarian Civic Party; Coexistence, Miklos DURAY, chairman; Christian Democratic Movement (KDH), Jan CARNOGURSKY; Democratic Union (DU), Jozef MORAVCIK, chairman; Association of Slovak Workers (ZRS), Jan LUPTAK, chairman; Slovak National Party (SNS), Jan SLOTA, chairman" );; line 100960 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups slovakia "Green Party; Social Democratic Party of Slovakia; Slovak Christian Union" );; line 100970 (wfb::member_of slovakia australia_group );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia bis );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia ccc );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia ce );; line 100975 (wfb::comment member_of slovakia ce "guest" );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia cei );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia cern );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia ebrd );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia ece );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia fao );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia gatt );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia iaea );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia ibrd );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia icao );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia icftu );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia icrm );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia ida );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia ifc );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia ifrcs );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia ilo );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia imf );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia imo );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia inmarsat );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia intelsat );; line 100975 (wfb::comment member_of slovakia intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia interpol );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia ioc );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia iom );; line 100975 (wfb::comment member_of slovakia iom "observer" );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia iso );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia itu );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia nacc );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia nsg );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia osce );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia pca );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia pfp );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia un );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia unavem_ii );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia unctad );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia unesco );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia unido );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia unomil );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia unomur );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia unprofor );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia upu );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia weu );; line 100975 (wfb::comment member_of slovakia weu "associate partner" );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia who );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia wipo );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia wmo );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia wto );; line 100975 (wfb::member_of slovakia zc );; line 100975 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us slovakia chief_of_mission "Ambassador Branislav LICHARDUS" );; line 100984 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us slovakia chancery "(temporary) Suite 380, 2201 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20007" );; line 100986 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us slovakia telephone "[1] (202) 965-5161" );; line 100989 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us slovakia fax "[1] (202) 965-5166" );; line 100991 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation slovakia chief_of_mission "Ambassador Theodore E. RUSSELL" );; line 100996 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation slovakia embassy "Hviezdoslavovo Namestie 4, 81102 Bratislava" );; line 100998 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation slovakia mailing_address "use embassy street address" );; line 101000 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation slovakia telephone "[42] (7) 330-861, 333-338" );; line 101002 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation slovakia fax "[42] (7) 330-096" );; line 101004 (wfb::flag slovakia "three equal horizontal bands of white (top), blue, and red superimposed with the Slovak cross in a shield centered on the hoist side; the cross is white centered on a background of red and blue" );; line 101008 (wfb::overview slovakia "In 1994 macroeconomic performance improved steadily but privatization progressed only in fits and starts. Most of Slovakia's IMF-approved targets were met by an interim government that lasted 9 months. Annual inflation fell from 23% in 1993 to 12%; unemployment at 14.6% was still well below forecasts of 17%; and the budget deficit was around half that in 1993. Slovakia's nearly $200 million trade surplus also compares favorably with a more than $800 million deficit in 1993. Furthermore, after contracting almost 25% in the three years following 1990, GDP grew 4.3% in 1994, according to official statistics. Bratislava in June qualified for a $254 million IMF stand-by loan and the second $90 million tranche of its Systemic Transformation Facility and, in December, received approval for a European Union loan worth about $160 million. By the end of September 1994, the Central Bank's foreign currency reserves had tripled since the end of 1993. Slovakia continued to have difficulty attracting foreign investment, however, because of perceived political instability and halting progress in privatization. The interim government prepared property worth nearly $2 billion for the second wave of coupon privatization and sold participation in the program to over 80% of Slovakia's eligible citizens. Parties controlling the new Parliament in November 1994, however, put the second wave of coupon privatization on hold and suspended sales of 38 firms until the new government could evaluate the interim government's decisions in early 1995. The new government's targets for 1995 include GDP growth of 3%, inflation of 8%-10%, unemployment of 15%, and a budget deficit under 3% of GDP. Continuing economic recovery in western Europe should boost Slovak exports and production, but Slovakia's image with foreign creditors and investors could suffer setbacks in 1995 if progress on privatization stalls or budget deficits mount beyond IMF-recommended levels." );; line 101015 (wfb::estimation-date national_product slovakia date_1994 );; line 101044 (wfb::national_product slovakia (* 32.8e9 $) );; line 101044 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate slovakia date_1994 );; line 101048 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate slovakia (* 4.3 %) );; line 101048 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita slovakia date_1994 );; line 101052 (wfb::national_product_per_capita slovakia (* 6070 $) );; line 101052 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| slovakia "12% (1994 est.)" );; line 101056 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate slovakia date_1994 );; line 101060 (wfb::unemployment_rate slovakia (* 14.6 %) );; line 101060 (wfb::budget slovakia revenues (* 4.4e9 $) );; line 101065 (wfb::estimation-date budget slovakia date_1994 );; line 101067 (wfb::budget slovakia expenditures (* 4.8e9 $) );; line 101067 (wfb::budget slovakia capital_expenditures (* 350e6 $) );; line 101067 (wfb::exports slovakia (* 6.3e9 $) );; line 101072 (wfb::exports slovakia commodities machinery_and_transport_equipment n/a );; line 101074 (wfb::exports slovakia commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 101074 (wfb::exports slovakia commodities fuels n/a );; line 101074 (wfb::exports slovakia commodities minerals n/a );; line 101074 (wfb::exports slovakia commodities metals n/a );; line 101074 (wfb::exports slovakia commodities agricultural_products n/a );; line 101074 (wfb::measurement-date exports slovakia date_jan_1994 );; line 101077 (wfb::exports slovakia partners czech_republic (* 37.7 %) );; line 101077 (wfb::exports slovakia partners germany (* 17.1 %) );; line 101077 (wfb::exports slovakia partners hungary (* 5.3 %) );; line 101077 (wfb::exports slovakia partners austria (* 5.3 %) );; line 101077 (wfb::exports slovakia partners italy (* 4.6 %) );; line 101077 (wfb::exports slovakia partners russia (* 4.0 %) );; line 101077 (wfb::exports slovakia partners poland (* 2.6 %) );; line 101077 (wfb::exports slovakia partners ukraine (* 1.8 %) );; line 101077 (wfb::exports slovakia partners us (* 1.6 %) );; line 101077 (wfb::imports slovakia (* 6.1e9 $) );; line 101083 (wfb::imports slovakia commodities machinery_and_transport_equipment n/a );; line 101085 (wfb::imports slovakia commodities fuels_and_lubricants n/a );; line 101085 (wfb::imports slovakia commodities manufactured_goods n/a );; line 101085 (wfb::imports slovakia commodities raw_materials n/a );; line 101085 (wfb::imports slovakia commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 101085 (wfb::imports slovakia commodities agricultural_products n/a );; line 101085 (wfb::measurement-date imports slovakia date_jan_1994 );; line 101088 (wfb::imports slovakia partners czech_republic (* 29.9 %) );; line 101088 (wfb::imports slovakia partners russia (* 19.0 %) );; line 101088 (wfb::imports slovakia partners germany (* 13.2 %) );; line 101088 (wfb::imports slovakia partners austria (* 5.8 %) );; line 101088 (wfb::imports slovakia partners italy (* 4.3 %) );; line 101088 (wfb::imports slovakia partners us (* 2.6 %) );; line 101088 (wfb::imports slovakia partners poland (* 2.4 %) );; line 101088 (wfb::imports slovakia partners ukraine (* 1.9 %) );; line 101088 (wfb::imports slovakia partners hungary (* 1.6 %) );; line 101088 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt slovakia date_1994 );; line 101094 (wfb::industrial_production slovakia growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 101098 (wfb::electricity slovakia capacity (* 6300000 kw) );; line 101103 (wfb::electricity slovakia production (* 20.9e9 kwh) );; line 101105 (wfb::measurement-date electricity slovakia consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 101107 (wfb::electricity slovakia consumption_per_capita (* 3609 kwh) );; line 101107 (wfb::industry slovakia metal_and_metal_products );; line 101111 (wfb::industry slovakia food-industry );; line 101111 (wfb::industry slovakia beverages-industry );; line 101111 (wfb::industry slovakia electricity-industry );; line 101111 (wfb::industry slovakia gas-industry );; line 101111 (wfb::industry slovakia water-industry );; line 101111 (wfb::industry slovakia coking );; line 101111 (wfb::industry slovakia oil_production );; line 101111 (wfb::industry slovakia nuclear_fuel_production );; line 101111 (wfb::industry slovakia chemicals_and_manmade_fibers );; line 101111 (wfb::industry slovakia machinery-industry );; line 101111 (wfb::industry slovakia paper );; line 101111 (wfb::industry slovakia printing );; line 101111 (wfb::industry slovakia earthenware );; line 101111 (wfb::industry slovakia ceramics );; line 101111 (wfb::industry slovakia transport_vehicles );; line 101111 (wfb::industry slovakia textiles );; line 101111 (wfb::industry slovakia electrical_and_optical_apparatus );; line 101111 (wfb::industry slovakia rubber_products-industry );; line 101111 (wfb::agriculture slovakia "largely self-sufficient in food production; diversified crop and livestock production, including grains, potatoes, sugar beets, hops, fruit, hogs, cattle, and poultry; exporter of forest products" );; line 101119 (wfb::illicit_drugs slovakia "transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin bound for Western Europe" );; line 101125 (wfb::economic_aid slovakia donor "the former Czechoslovakia was a donor - $4.2 billion in bilateral aid to non-Communist less developed countries (1954-89)" );; line 101131 (wfb::abbreviation koruna "Sk" );; line 101136 (wfb::currency slovakia koruna 100 halierov );; line 101136 (wfb::exchange_rates slovakia "koruny (Sk) per US$1 - 31.14 (September 1994), 32.9 (December 1993), 28.59 (December 1992), 28.26 (1992), 29.53 (1991), 17.95 (1990), 15.05 (1989); note - values before 1993 reflect Czechoslovak exchange rate" );; line 101140 (wfb::fiscal_year slovakia date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 101146 (wfb::railroads slovakia total "3,660 km (electrified 635 km)" );; line 101152 (wfb::railroads slovakia broad_gauge "102 km 1.520-m gauge" );; line 101154 (wfb::railroads slovakia standard_gauge "3,511 km 1.435-m gauge" );; line 101156 (wfb::railroads slovakia narrow_gauge "47 km (35 km 1,000-m gauge; 12 km 0.750-m gauge) (1994)" );; line 101158 (wfb::measurement-date highways slovakia date_1990 );; line 101163 (wfb::inland_waterways slovakia "NA km" );; line 101171 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 2700 km) );; line 101175 (wfb::port slovakia bratislava-slovakia );; line 101179 (wfb::port slovakia komarno-slovakia );; line 101179 (wfb::merchant_marine slovakia total "2 cargo ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 4,160 GRT/6,163 DWT" );; line 101184 (wfb::airports slovakia total 37 );; line 101189 (wfb::airports slovakia |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 101191 (wfb::airports slovakia |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 3 );; line 101193 (wfb::airports slovakia |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 2 );; line 101195 (wfb::airports slovakia |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 2 );; line 101197 (wfb::airports slovakia with_paved_runways_under_914_m 4 );; line 101199 (wfb::airports slovakia |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 2 );; line 101201 (wfb::airports slovakia |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 2 );; line 101203 (wfb::airports slovakia |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 10 );; line 101205 (wfb::airports slovakia with_unpaved_runways_under_914_m 11 );; line 101207 (wfb::telephone_system slovakia "NA telephones" );; line 101212 (wfb::telephone_system slovakia local "NA" );; line 101214 (wfb::telephone_system slovakia intercity "NA" );; line 101216 (wfb::telephone_system slovakia international "NA" );; line 101218 (wfb::radio slovakia radios n/a );; line 101225 (wfb::television slovakia broadcast_stations n/a );; line 101230 (wfb::television slovakia televisions n/a );; line 101232 (wfb::defense_branch slovakia army_slovakia );; line 101238 (wfb::defense_branch slovakia air_and_air_defense_forces_slovakia );; line 101238 (wfb::defense_branch slovakia civil_defense_slovakia );; line 101238 (wfb::defense_branch slovakia railroad_units_slovakia );; line 101238 (wfb::manpower_availability slovakia "males age 15-49 1,443,719; males fit for military service 1,107,453; males reach military age (18) annually 49,045 (1995 est.)" );; line 101242 (wfb::markup-parameter figure slovenia "graphno=\"si.tif\"" );; line 101255 (wfb::location slovenia "Southeastern Europe, bordering the Adriatic Sea, between Croatia and Italy" );; line 101259 (wfb::map_references slovenia "Ethnic Groups in Eastern Europe, Europe" );; line 101264 (wfb::area slovenia total_area (* 20296 sq_km) );; line 101269 (wfb::area slovenia land_area (* 20296 sq_km) );; line 101271 (wfb::area slovenia comparative_area "slightly larger than New Jersey" );; line 101273 (wfb::borders slovenia total (* 1045 km) );; line 101277 (wfb::borders slovenia austria (* 262 km) );; line 101277 (wfb::borders slovenia croatia (* 501 km) );; line 101277 (wfb::borders slovenia italy (* 199 km) );; line 101277 (wfb::borders slovenia hungary (* 83 km) );; line 101277 (wfb::coastline slovenia (* 32 km) );; line 101282 (wfb::international_disputes slovenia "dispute with Croatia over fishing rights in the Adriatic and over some border areas" );; line 101290 (wfb::international_disputes slovenia "the border issue is currently under negotiation" );; line 101290 (wfb::climate slovenia "Mediterranean climate on the coast, continental climate with mild to hot summers and cold winters in the plateaus and valleys to the east" );; line 101295 (wfb::terrain slovenia "a short coastal strip on the Adriatic, an alpine mountain region adjacent to Italy, mixed mountain and valleys with numerous rivers to the east" );; line 101300 (wfb::natural-resource slovenia lignite_coal );; line 101305 (wfb::natural-resource slovenia lead );; line 101305 (wfb::natural-resource slovenia zinc );; line 101305 (wfb::natural-resource slovenia mercury );; line 101305 (wfb::natural-resource slovenia uranium );; line 101305 (wfb::natural-resource slovenia silver );; line 101305 (wfb::land_use slovenia arable_land (* 10 %) );; line 101310 (wfb::land_use slovenia permanent_crops (* 2 %) );; line 101312 (wfb::land_use slovenia meadows_and_pastures (* 20 %) );; line 101314 (wfb::land_use slovenia forest_and_woodland (* 45 %) );; line 101316 (wfb::land_use slovenia other (* 23 %) );; line 101318 (wfb::irrigated_land slovenia (* n/a sq_km) );; line 101322 (wfb::environment slovenia current_issues "Sava River polluted with domestic and industrial waste" );; line 101327 (wfb::environment slovenia current_issues "pollution of coastal waters with heavy metals and toxic chemicals" );; line 101327 (wfb::environment slovenia current_issues "forest damage near Koper from air pollution (originating at metallurgical and chemical plants) and resulting acid rain" );; line 101327 (wfb::environment slovenia natural_hazards "flooding and earthquakes" );; line 101332 (wfb::environment slovenia international_agreements "party to - Air Pollution, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands" );; line 101334 (wfb::environment slovenia international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Biodiversity, Climate Change" );; line 101334 (wfb::estimation-date population slovenia date_jul_1995 );; line 101342 (wfb::population slovenia 2051522 );; line 101342 (wfb::age_structure slovenia 0-14_years (* 19 %) );; line 101347 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex slovenia 0-14_years female 191318 );; line 101347 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex slovenia 0-14_years male 200957 );; line 101347 (wfb::age_structure slovenia 15-64_years (* 69 %) );; line 101349 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex slovenia 15-64_years female 701082 );; line 101349 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex slovenia 15-64_years male 708482 );; line 101349 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure slovenia 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 101351 (wfb::age_structure slovenia 65_years_and_over (* 12 %) );; line 101351 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex slovenia 65_years_and_over female 160662 );; line 101351 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex slovenia 65_years_and_over male 89021 );; line 101351 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate slovenia date_1995 );; line 101355 (wfb::population_growth_rate slovenia (* 0.24 %) );; line 101355 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate slovenia date_1995 );; line 101359 (wfb::birth_rate slovenia (* 11.85 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 101359 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate slovenia date_1995 );; line 101363 (wfb::death_rate slovenia (* 9.27 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 101363 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate slovenia date_1995 );; line 101367 (wfb::net_migration_rate slovenia (* -0.19 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 101367 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate slovenia date_1995 );; line 101371 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate slovenia (* 7.9 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 101371 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth slovenia total_population (* 74.73 years) );; line 101376 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth slovenia male (* 70.91 years) );; line 101378 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth slovenia female date_1995 );; line 101380 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth slovenia female (* 78.76 years) );; line 101380 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate slovenia date_1995 );; line 101384 (wfb::total_fertility_rate slovenia (* 1.64 children_born/woman) );; line 101384 (wfb::nationality slovenia noun "Slovene(s)" );; line 101389 (wfb::nationality slovenia adjective "Slovenian" );; line 101391 (wfb::ethnic-entity slovenia slovene (* 91 %) );; line 101395 (wfb::ethnic-entity slovenia croat (* 3 %) );; line 101395 (wfb::ethnic-entity slovenia serb (* 2 %) );; line 101395 (wfb::ethnic-entity slovenia muslim-ethnic-entity (* 1 %) );; line 101395 (wfb::comment religion "including 2% Uniate" );; line 101399 (wfb::religion slovenia roman_catholic (* 96 %) );; line 101399 (wfb::religion slovenia muslim (* 1 %) );; line 101399 (wfb::language slovenia slovenian-language-group (* 91 %) );; line 101403 (wfb::language slovenia serbo-croatian (* 7 %) );; line 101403 (wfb::literacy-condition slovenia "NA%" );; line 101407 (wfb::total_labor_force slovenia 786036 );; line 101411 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation slovenia agriculture (* 2 %) );; line 101413 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation slovenia manufacturing_and_mining (* 46 %) );; line 101413 (wfb::names slovenia conventional_long_form "Republic of Slovenia" );; line 101419 (wfb::names slovenia conventional_short_form "Slovenia" );; line 101421 (wfb::names slovenia local_long_form "Republika Slovenije" );; line 101423 (wfb::names slovenia local_short_form "Slovenija" );; line 101425 (wfb::digraph slovenia "SI" );; line 101429 (wfb::type slovenia "emerging democracy" );; line 101433 (wfb::capital slovenia ljubljana-slovenia );; line 101437 (wfb::independence slovenia date_25_jun_1991 "Yugoslavia" );; line 101454 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1991 );; line 101458 (wfb::comment national_holiday slovenia "1991" );; line 101458 (wfb::national_holiday slovenia "Statehood Day" date_25_jun );; line 101458 (wfb::constitution slovenia "adopted 23 December 1991, effective 23 December 1991" );; line 101462 (wfb::legal_system slovenia "based on civil law system" );; line 101466 (wfb::comment suffrage slovenia " universal (16 years of age, if employed)" );; line 101470 (wfb::suffrage slovenia (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 101470 (wfb::comment executive_branch slovenia chief_of_state "election last held 6 December 1992 (next to be held NA 1996)" );; line 101475 (wfb::comment executive_branch slovenia chief_of_state "results - Milan KUCAN reelected by direct popular vote" );; line 101475 (wfb::executive_branch slovenia chief_of_state "President Milan KUCAN " date_22_apr_1990 );; line 101475 (wfb::executive_branch slovenia head_of_government "Prime Minister Janez DRNOVSEK " date_14_may_1992 );; line 101479 (wfb::executive_branch slovenia cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 101481 (wfb::legislative_structure slovenia bicameral "National Assembly" );; line 101485 (wfb::legislative_branch slovenia "State Assembly" "elections last held 6 December 1992 (next to be held NA 1996); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (90 total) LDS 22, SKD 15, United List (former Communists and allies) 14, Slovene National Party 12, SLS 10, Democratic Party 6, ZS 5, SDSS 4, Hungarian minority 1, Italian minority 1" );; line 101487 (wfb::legislative_branch slovenia "State Council" "will become operational after next election in 1996; in the election of 6 December 1992, 40 members were elected to represent local and socioeconomic interests" );; line 101493 (wfb::judicial_branch slovenia "Supreme Court, Constitutional Court" );; line 101499 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders slovenia "Liberal Democratic (LDS), Janez DRNOVSEK, chairman; Slovene Christian Democrats (SKD), Lozje PETERLE, chairman; Social Democratic Party of Slovenia (SDSS), Janez JANSA, chairman; Slovene People's National Party, Marjan PODOBNIK, chairman; United List (former Communists and allies), Janez KOCJANCIC, chairman; Slovene People's Party (SLS), Ivan OMAN, chairman; Democratic Party, Igor BAVCAR, chairman; Greens of Slovenia (ZS), Dusan PLUT, chairman" );; line 101503 (wfb::comment political_parties_and_leaders slovenia "parties have changed as of the December 1992 elections" );; line 101510 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups slovenia "none" );; line 101514 (wfb::member_of slovenia ccc );; line 101518 (wfb::member_of slovenia ce );; line 101518 (wfb::member_of slovenia cei );; line 101518 (wfb::member_of slovenia ebrd );; line 101518 (wfb::member_of slovenia ece );; line 101518 (wfb::member_of slovenia fao );; line 101518 (wfb::member_of slovenia iadb );; line 101518 (wfb::member_of slovenia iaea );; line 101518 (wfb::member_of slovenia ibrd );; line 101518 (wfb::member_of slovenia icao );; line 101518 (wfb::member_of slovenia icrm );; line 101518 (wfb::member_of slovenia ida );; line 101518 (wfb::member_of slovenia ifc );; line 101518 (wfb::member_of slovenia ilo );; line 101518 (wfb::member_of slovenia imf );; line 101518 (wfb::member_of slovenia imo );; line 101518 (wfb::member_of slovenia intelsat );; line 101518 (wfb::comment member_of slovenia intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 101518 (wfb::member_of slovenia interpol );; line 101518 (wfb::member_of slovenia ioc );; line 101518 (wfb::member_of slovenia iom );; line 101518 (wfb::comment member_of slovenia iom "observer" );; line 101518 (wfb::member_of slovenia iso );; line 101518 (wfb::member_of slovenia itu );; line 101518 (wfb::member_of slovenia nam );; line 101518 (wfb::comment member_of slovenia nam "guest" );; line 101518 (wfb::member_of slovenia osce );; line 101518 (wfb::member_of slovenia pfp );; line 101518 (wfb::member_of slovenia un );; line 101518 (wfb::member_of slovenia unctad );; line 101518 (wfb::member_of slovenia unesco );; line 101518 (wfb::member_of slovenia unido );; line 101518 (wfb::member_of slovenia upu );; line 101518 (wfb::member_of slovenia who );; line 101518 (wfb::member_of slovenia wipo );; line 101518 (wfb::member_of slovenia wmo );; line 101518 (wfb::member_of slovenia wto );; line 101518 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us slovenia chief_of_mission "Ambassador Ernest PETRIC" );; line 101526 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us slovenia chancery "1525 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036" );; line 101528 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us slovenia telephone "[1] (202) 667-5363" );; line 101530 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us slovenia fax "[1] (202) 667-4563" );; line 101532 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us slovenia |consulate(s) general| "New York" );; line 101534 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation slovenia chief_of_mission "Ambassador E. Allan WENDT" );; line 101539 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation slovenia embassy "P.O. Box 254, Prazakova 4, 61000 Ljubljana" );; line 101541 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation slovenia mailing_address "American Embassy, Ljubljana, Department of State, Washington, DC 20521-7140" );; line 101543 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation slovenia telephone "[386] (61) 301-427, 472, 485" );; line 101546 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation slovenia fax "[386] (61) 301-401" );; line 101548 (wfb::flag slovenia "three equal horizontal bands of white (top), blue, and red with the Slovenian seal (a shield with the image of Triglav in white against a blue background at the center, beneath it are two wavy blue lines depicting seas and rivers, and around it, there are three six-sided stars arranged in an inverted triangle); the seal is located in the upper hoist side of the flag centered in the white and blue bands" );; line 101552 (wfb::overview slovenia "Slovenia appears to be making a solid economic recovery, fulfilling the promise it showed at the time of Yugoslavia's breakup. It was by far the most prosperous of the former Yugoslav republics, with a per capita income more than twice the national average. It also benefited from strong ties to Western Europe and suffered comparatively small physical damage in the dismemberment process. The beginning was difficult, however. Real GDP fell 15% during 1991-92, while inflation jumped to 247% in 1991 and unemployment topped 8% - nearly three times the 1989 level. The turning point came in 1993 when real GDP grew 1%, unemployment leveled off at about 9%, and inflation slowed dramatically to 23%. In 1994, the rate of growth of GDP rose to 4%, unemployment remained stable, and inflation dropped to 20%. This was accomplished, moreover, without balance-of-payments problems. The government gets generally good economic marks from foreign observers, particularly with regard to fiscal policy - the budget deficit in 1994 was only about 1% of GDP, following several years of small surpluses. Prospects for 1995 appear good, with economic growth expected to remain strong while unemployment and inflation may decline slightly. Privatization, sluggish to date, is expected to pick up in 1995." );; line 101562 (wfb::estimation-date national_product slovenia date_1994 );; line 101582 (wfb::national_product slovenia (* 16e9 $) );; line 101582 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate slovenia date_1994 );; line 101586 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate slovenia (* 4 %) );; line 101586 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita slovenia date_1994 );; line 101590 (wfb::national_product_per_capita slovenia (* 8110 $) );; line 101590 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| slovenia "20% (1994)" );; line 101594 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate slovenia date_1994 );; line 101598 (wfb::unemployment_rate slovenia (* 9 %) );; line 101598 (wfb::budget slovenia revenues (* 9.9e9 $) );; line 101603 (wfb::measurement-date budget slovenia date_1993 );; line 101605 (wfb::budget slovenia expenditures (* 9.8e9 $) );; line 101605 (wfb::budget slovenia capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 101605 (wfb::exports slovenia (* 6.5e9 $) );; line 101609 (wfb::measurement-date exports slovenia date_1993 );; line 101611 (wfb::exports slovenia commodities machinery_and_transport_equipment (* 27 %) );; line 101611 (wfb::exports slovenia commodities intermediate_manufactured_goods (* 26 %) );; line 101611 (wfb::exports slovenia commodities chemicals-commodity (* 9 %) );; line 101611 (wfb::exports slovenia commodities food (* 4.8 %) );; line 101611 (wfb::exports slovenia commodities raw_materials (* 3 %) );; line 101611 (wfb::exports slovenia commodities consumer_goods (* 26 %) );; line 101611 (wfb::measurement-date exports slovenia date_1993 );; line 101615 (wfb::exports slovenia partners germany (* 29.5 %) );; line 101615 (wfb::exports slovenia partners former_yugoslavia (* 15.8 %) );; line 101615 (wfb::exports slovenia partners italy (* 12.4 %) );; line 101615 (wfb::exports slovenia partners france (* 8.7 %) );; line 101615 (wfb::exports slovenia partners austria (* 5.0 %) );; line 101615 (wfb::imports slovenia (* 6.5e9 $) );; line 101620 (wfb::measurement-date imports slovenia date_1993 );; line 101622 (wfb::imports slovenia commodities machinery_and_transport_equipment (* 30 %) );; line 101622 (wfb::imports slovenia commodities intermediate_manufactured_goods (* 17.6 %) );; line 101622 (wfb::imports slovenia commodities chemicals-commodity (* 11.5 %) );; line 101622 (wfb::imports slovenia commodities raw_materials (* 5.3 %) );; line 101622 (wfb::imports slovenia commodities fuels_and_lubricants (* 10.8 %) );; line 101622 (wfb::imports slovenia commodities food (* 8.4 %) );; line 101622 (wfb::measurement-date imports slovenia date_1993 );; line 101626 (wfb::imports slovenia partners germany (* 25.0 %) );; line 101626 (wfb::imports slovenia partners italy (* 16.1 %) );; line 101626 (wfb::imports slovenia partners former_yugoslavia (* 10.7 %) );; line 101626 (wfb::imports slovenia partners france (* 8.0 %) );; line 101626 (wfb::imports slovenia partners austria (* 8.5 %) );; line 101626 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt slovenia date_1994 );; line 101631 (wfb::external_debt slovenia (* 2.1e9 $) );; line 101631 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 101635 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 101635 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production slovenia date_1994 );; line 101635 (wfb::industrial_production slovenia growth_rate (* 6 %) );; line 101635 (wfb::industrial_production slovenia accounts_for (* 37 %_of_gdp) );; line 101635 (wfb::electricity slovenia capacity (* 2700000 kw) );; line 101640 (wfb::electricity slovenia production (* 8.9e9 kwh) );; line 101642 (wfb::measurement-date electricity slovenia consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 101644 (wfb::electricity slovenia consumption_per_capita (* 4470 kwh) );; line 101644 (wfb::industry slovenia ferrous_metallurgy_and_rolling_mill_products );; line 101648 (wfb::industry slovenia aluminum_reduction_and_rolled_products );; line 101648 (wfb::industry slovenia lead_and_zinc_smelting );; line 101648 (wfb::industry slovenia |electronics (including military electronics)| );; line 101648 (wfb::industry slovenia trucks );; line 101648 (wfb::industry slovenia electric_power_equipment );; line 101648 (wfb::industry slovenia wood_products );; line 101648 (wfb::industry slovenia textiles );; line 101648 (wfb::industry slovenia chemicals );; line 101648 (wfb::industry slovenia machine_tools );; line 101648 (wfb::agriculture slovenia "accounts for 4.8% of GDP (1993); dominated by stock breeding (sheep and cattle) and dairy farming; main crops - potatoes, hops, hemp, flax; an export surplus in these commodities; Slovenia must import many other agricultural products and has a negative overall trade balance in this sector" );; line 101655 (wfb::illicit_drugs slovenia "NA" );; line 101662 (wfb::economic_aid slovenia "$NA" );; line 101666 (wfb::abbreviation tolar "SlT" );; line 101670 (wfb::currency slovenia tolar 100 stotins );; line 101670 (wfb::exchange_rates slovenia "tolars (SIT) per US$1 - 127 (January 1995), 112 (June 1993), 28 (January 1992)" );; line 101674 (wfb::fiscal_year slovenia date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 101679 (wfb::railroads slovenia total "1,201 km" );; line 101685 (wfb::railroads slovenia standard_gauge "1,201 km 1.435-m gauge (electrified 499 km) (1994)" );; line 101687 (wfb::highways slovenia total (* 14726 km) );; line 101692 (wfb::comment highways slovenia paved "187 km expressways" );; line 101694 (wfb::measurement-date highways slovenia date_1992 );; line 101696 (wfb::comment highways slovenia unpaved "1992" );; line 101696 (wfb::measurement-date highways slovenia unpaved gravel date_1992 );; line 101696 (wfb::highways slovenia gravel (* 3680 km) );; line 101696 (wfb::inland_waterways slovenia "NA" );; line 101700 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 290 km) );; line 101704 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 305 km) );; line 101704 (wfb::port slovenia izola-slovenia );; line 101708 (wfb::port slovenia koper-slovenia );; line 101708 (wfb::port slovenia piran-slovenia );; line 101708 (wfb::merchant_marine slovenia total "17 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 265,937 GRT/449,205 DWT (controlled by Slovenian owners)" );; line 101713 (wfb::merchant_marine slovenia ships_by_type "bulk 11, cargo 6" );; line 101716 (wfb::comment merchant_marine slovenia "ships under the flag of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Singapore, Liberia; no ships remain under the Slovenian flag" );; line 101718 (wfb::airports slovenia total 14 );; line 101724 (wfb::airports slovenia |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 101726 (wfb::airports slovenia |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 101728 (wfb::airports slovenia |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 1 );; line 101730 (wfb::airports slovenia |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 2 );; line 101732 (wfb::airports slovenia with_paved_runways_under_914_m 5 );; line 101734 (wfb::airports slovenia |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 2 );; line 101736 (wfb::airports slovenia |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 2 );; line 101738 (wfb::telephone_system slovenia "130,000 telephones" );; line 101743 (wfb::telephone_system slovenia local "NA" );; line 101745 (wfb::telephone_system slovenia intercity "NA" );; line 101747 (wfb::telephone_system slovenia international "NA" );; line 101749 (wfb::radio slovenia broadcast_stations am 6 );; line 101754 (wfb::radio slovenia broadcast_stations fm 5 );; line 101754 (wfb::radio slovenia broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 101754 (wfb::radio slovenia radios 370000 );; line 101756 (wfb::television slovenia broadcast_stations 7 );; line 101761 (wfb::television slovenia televisions 330000 );; line 101763 (wfb::defense_branch slovenia slovene_defense_forces_slovenia );; line 101769 (wfb::manpower_availability slovenia "males age 15-49 542,815; males fit for military service 434,302; males reach military age (19) annually 15,350 (1995 est.)" );; line 101773 (wfb::markup-parameter figure solomon_islands "graphno=\"bp.tif\"" );; line 101786 (wfb::location solomon_islands "Oceania, group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Papua New Guinea" );; line 101790 (wfb::map_references solomon_islands "Oceania" );; line 101795 (wfb::area solomon_islands total_area (* 28450 sq_km) );; line 101800 (wfb::area solomon_islands land_area (* 27540 sq_km) );; line 101802 (wfb::area solomon_islands comparative_area "slightly larger than Maryland" );; line 101804 (wfb::coastline solomon_islands (* 5313 km) );; line 101812 (wfb::maritime_claims solomon_islands continental_shelf (* 200 nm) );; line 101818 (wfb::maritime_claims solomon_islands exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 101820 (wfb::maritime_claims solomon_islands territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 101822 (wfb::international_disputes solomon_islands "none" );; line 101826 (wfb::climate solomon_islands "tropical monsoon" );; line 101830 (wfb::climate solomon_islands "few extremes of temperature and weather" );; line 101830 (wfb::terrain solomon_islands "mostly rugged mountains with some low coral atolls" );; line 101834 (wfb::natural-resource solomon_islands fish );; line 101838 (wfb::natural-resource solomon_islands forests );; line 101838 (wfb::natural-resource solomon_islands gold );; line 101838 (wfb::natural-resource solomon_islands bauxite );; line 101838 (wfb::natural-resource solomon_islands phosphates );; line 101838 (wfb::natural-resource solomon_islands lead );; line 101838 (wfb::natural-resource solomon_islands zinc );; line 101838 (wfb::natural-resource solomon_islands nickel );; line 101838 (wfb::land_use solomon_islands arable_land (* 1 %) );; line 101843 (wfb::land_use solomon_islands permanent_crops (* 1 %) );; line 101845 (wfb::land_use solomon_islands meadows_and_pastures (* 1 %) );; line 101847 (wfb::land_use solomon_islands forest_and_woodland (* 93 %) );; line 101849 (wfb::land_use solomon_islands other (* 4 %) );; line 101851 (wfb::irrigated_land solomon_islands (* n/a sq_km) );; line 101855 (wfb::environment solomon_islands current_issues "deforestation" );; line 101860 (wfb::environment solomon_islands current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 101860 (wfb::environment solomon_islands current_issues "much of the surrounding coral reefs are dead or dying" );; line 101860 (wfb::environment solomon_islands natural_hazards "typhoons, but they are rarely destructive" );; line 101863 (wfb::environment solomon_islands natural_hazards "geologically active region with frequent earth tremors" );; line 101863 (wfb::environment solomon_islands natural_hazards "volcanic activity" );; line 101863 (wfb::environment solomon_islands international_agreements "party to - Climate Change, Environmental Modification, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Whaling" );; line 101866 (wfb::environment solomon_islands international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Law of the Sea" );; line 101866 (wfb::estimation-date population solomon_islands date_jul_1995 );; line 101874 (wfb::population solomon_islands 399206 );; line 101874 (wfb::age_structure solomon_islands 0-14_years (* 46 %) );; line 101879 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex solomon_islands 0-14_years female 90293 );; line 101879 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex solomon_islands 0-14_years male 93695 );; line 101879 (wfb::age_structure solomon_islands 15-64_years (* 51 %) );; line 101881 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex solomon_islands 15-64_years female 100183 );; line 101881 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex solomon_islands 15-64_years male 103374 );; line 101881 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure solomon_islands 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 101883 (wfb::age_structure solomon_islands 65_years_and_over (* 3 %) );; line 101883 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex solomon_islands 65_years_and_over female 5738 );; line 101883 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex solomon_islands 65_years_and_over male 5923 );; line 101883 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate solomon_islands date_1995 );; line 101887 (wfb::population_growth_rate solomon_islands (* 3.4 %) );; line 101887 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate solomon_islands date_1995 );; line 101891 (wfb::birth_rate solomon_islands (* 38.48 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 101891 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate solomon_islands date_1995 );; line 101895 (wfb::death_rate solomon_islands (* 4.51 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 101895 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate solomon_islands date_1995 );; line 101899 (wfb::net_migration_rate solomon_islands (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 101899 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate solomon_islands date_1995 );; line 101903 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate solomon_islands (* 26.7 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 101903 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth solomon_islands total_population (* 70.84 years) );; line 101908 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth solomon_islands male (* 68.38 years) );; line 101910 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth solomon_islands female date_1995 );; line 101912 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth solomon_islands female (* 73.41 years) );; line 101912 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate solomon_islands date_1995 );; line 101916 (wfb::total_fertility_rate solomon_islands (* 5.59 children_born/woman) );; line 101916 (wfb::nationality solomon_islands noun "Solomon Islander(s)" );; line 101921 (wfb::nationality solomon_islands adjective "Solomon Islander" );; line 101923 (wfb::ethnic-entity solomon_islands melanesian (* 93 %) );; line 101927 (wfb::ethnic-entity solomon_islands polynesian (* 4 %) );; line 101927 (wfb::ethnic-entity solomon_islands micronesian (* 1.5 %) );; line 101927 (wfb::ethnic-entity solomon_islands european (* 0.8 %) );; line 101927 (wfb::ethnic-entity solomon_islands chinese (* 0.3 %) );; line 101927 (wfb::religion solomon_islands anglican (* 34 %) );; line 101932 (wfb::religion solomon_islands roman_catholic (* 19 %) );; line 101932 (wfb::religion solomon_islands baptist (* 17 %) );; line 101932 (wfb::religion solomon_islands |United (Methodist/Presbyterian)| (* 11 %) );; line 101932 (wfb::religion solomon_islands seventh-day_adventist (* 10 %) );; line 101932 (wfb::religion solomon_islands traditional_beliefs (* 4 %) );; line 101932 (wfb::comment languages solomon_islands "120 indigenous languages" );; line 101941 (wfb::literacy-condition solomon_islands "NA%" );; line 101945 (wfb::total_labor_force solomon_islands n/a );; line 101949 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force solomon_islands by_occupation date_1984 );; line 101951 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1984 );; line 101951 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation solomon_islands agriculture n/a );; line 101951 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation solomon_islands forestry n/a );; line 101951 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation solomon_islands fishing-occupation-type (* 32.4 %) );; line 101951 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation solomon_islands services (* 25 %) );; line 101951 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation solomon_islands construction n/a );; line 101951 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation solomon_islands manufacturing n/a );; line 101951 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation solomon_islands mining-occupation-type (* 7.0 %) );; line 101951 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation solomon_islands commerce n/a );; line 101951 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation solomon_islands transport n/a );; line 101951 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation solomon_islands finance-occupation-type (* 4.7 %) );; line 101951 (wfb::names solomon_islands conventional_short_form "Solomon Islands" );; line 101961 (wfb::names solomon_islands former "British Solomon Islands" );; line 101963 (wfb::digraph solomon_islands "BP" );; line 101967 (wfb::type solomon_islands "parliamentary democracy" );; line 101971 (wfb::capital solomon_islands honiara-solomon_islands );; line 101975 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_solomon_islands_provinces "provinces" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 101979 (wfb::administrative_divisions solomon_islands adm_div_solomon_islands_provinces 7 );; line 101979 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_solomon_islands_town "town" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 101979 (wfb::administrative_divisions solomon_islands adm_div_solomon_islands_town 1 );; line 101979 (wfb::administrative_division_of solomon_islands adm_div_solomon_islands_provinces "Central" );; line 101979 (wfb::administrative_division_of solomon_islands adm_div_solomon_islands_provinces "Guadalcanal" );; line 101979 (wfb::administrative_division_of solomon_islands adm_div_solomon_islands_town "Honiara" );; line 101979 (wfb::administrative_division_of solomon_islands adm_div_solomon_islands_provinces "Isabel" );; line 101979 (wfb::administrative_division_of solomon_islands adm_div_solomon_islands_provinces "Makira" );; line 101979 (wfb::administrative_division_of solomon_islands adm_div_solomon_islands_provinces "Malaita" );; line 101979 (wfb::administrative_division_of solomon_islands adm_div_solomon_islands_provinces "Temotu" );; line 101979 (wfb::administrative_division_of solomon_islands adm_div_solomon_islands_provinces "Western" );; line 101979 (wfb::independence solomon_islands date_7_jul_1978 "UK" );; line 101984 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1978 );; line 101988 (wfb::comment national_holiday solomon_islands "1978" );; line 101988 (wfb::national_holiday solomon_islands "Independence Day" date_7_jul );; line 101988 (wfb::constitution solomon_islands "7 July 1978" );; line 101992 (wfb::legal_system solomon_islands "common law" );; line 101996 (wfb::comment suffrage solomon_islands " universal" );; line 102000 (wfb::suffrage solomon_islands (* 21 years_of_age) );; line 102000 (wfb::comment executive_branch solomon_islands head_of_government "Deputy Prime Minister Dennis LULEI (since 10 November 1994)" );; line 102008 (wfb::executive_branch solomon_islands head_of_government "Prime Minister Solomon MAMALONI " date_7_nov_1994 );; line 102008 (wfb::comment executive_branch solomon_islands cabinet "appointed by the governor general on advice of the prime minister from members of parliament" );; line 102011 (wfb::executive_branch solomon_islands cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 102011 (wfb::legislative_structure solomon_islands unicameral n/a );; line 102016 (wfb::legislative_branch solomon_islands "National Parliament" "elections last held NA November 1994 (next to be held NA 1997); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (47 total) number of seats by party NA" );; line 102018 (wfb::judicial_branch solomon_islands "High Court" );; line 102024 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders solomon_islands "People's Alliance Party (PAP); United Party (UP), leader NA; Solomon Islands Liberal Party (SILP), Bartholemew ULUFA'ALU; Nationalist Front for Progress (NFP), Andrew NORI; Labor Party (LP), Joses TUHANUKU; National Action Party, leader NA; Christian Fellowship, leader NA; National Unity Group, Solomon MAMALONI" );; line 102028 (wfb::member_of solomon_islands acp );; line 102036 (wfb::member_of solomon_islands asdb );; line 102036 (wfb::member_of solomon_islands c );; line 102036 (wfb::member_of solomon_islands escap );; line 102036 (wfb::member_of solomon_islands fao );; line 102036 (wfb::member_of solomon_islands g-77 );; line 102036 (wfb::member_of solomon_islands ibrd );; line 102036 (wfb::member_of solomon_islands icao );; line 102036 (wfb::member_of solomon_islands icrm );; line 102036 (wfb::member_of solomon_islands ida );; line 102036 (wfb::member_of solomon_islands ifad );; line 102036 (wfb::member_of solomon_islands ifc );; line 102036 (wfb::member_of solomon_islands ifrcs );; line 102036 (wfb::member_of solomon_islands ilo );; line 102036 (wfb::member_of solomon_islands imf );; line 102036 (wfb::member_of solomon_islands imo );; line 102036 (wfb::member_of solomon_islands intelsat );; line 102036 (wfb::comment member_of solomon_islands intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 102036 (wfb::member_of solomon_islands ioc );; line 102036 (wfb::member_of solomon_islands itu );; line 102036 (wfb::member_of solomon_islands sparteca );; line 102036 (wfb::member_of solomon_islands spc );; line 102036 (wfb::member_of solomon_islands spf );; line 102036 (wfb::member_of solomon_islands un );; line 102036 (wfb::member_of solomon_islands unctad );; line 102036 (wfb::member_of solomon_islands unesco );; line 102036 (wfb::member_of solomon_islands upu );; line 102036 (wfb::member_of solomon_islands wftu );; line 102036 (wfb::member_of solomon_islands who );; line 102036 (wfb::member_of solomon_islands wmo );; line 102036 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us solomon_islands "ambassador traditionally resides in Honiara (Solomon Islands)" );; line 102042 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation solomon_islands "embassy closed July 1993; the ambassador to Papua New Guinea is accredited to the Solomon Islands" );; line 102046 (wfb::flag solomon_islands "divided diagonally by a thin yellow stripe from the lower hoist-side corner; the upper triangle (hoist side) is blue with five white five-pointed stars arranged in an X pattern; the lower triangle is green" );; line 102051 (wfb::overview solomon_islands "The bulk of the population depend on subsistence agriculture, fishing, and forestry for at least part of their livelihood. Most manufactured goods and petroleum products must be imported. The islands are rich in undeveloped mineral resources such as lead, zinc, nickel, and gold. The economy suffered from a severe cyclone in mid-1986 that caused widespread damage to the infrastructure. In 1993, the government was working with the IMF to develop a structural adjustment program to address the country's fiscal deficit." );; line 102058 (wfb::estimation-date national_product solomon_islands date_1992 );; line 102068 (wfb::national_product solomon_islands (* 1e9 $) );; line 102068 (wfb::measurement-date national_product_real_growth_rate solomon_islands date_1992 );; line 102072 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate solomon_islands (* 8 %) );; line 102072 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita solomon_islands date_1992 );; line 102076 (wfb::national_product_per_capita solomon_islands (* 2590 $) );; line 102076 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| solomon_islands "13% (1992 est.)" );; line 102080 (wfb::unemployment_rate solomon_islands (* n/a %) );; line 102084 (wfb::budget solomon_islands revenues (* 48e6 $) );; line 102089 (wfb::estimation-date budget solomon_islands date_1991 );; line 102091 (wfb::budget solomon_islands expenditures (* 107e6 $) );; line 102091 (wfb::budget solomon_islands capital_expenditures (* 45e6 $) );; line 102091 (wfb::exports solomon_islands (* 84e6 $) );; line 102096 (wfb::exports solomon_islands commodities fish-commodity (* 46 %) );; line 102098 (wfb::exports solomon_islands commodities timber-commodity (* 31 %) );; line 102098 (wfb::exports solomon_islands commodities palm_oil-commodity (* 5 %) );; line 102098 (wfb::exports solomon_islands commodities cocoa n/a );; line 102098 (wfb::exports solomon_islands commodities copra n/a );; line 102098 (wfb::measurement-date exports solomon_islands date_1991 );; line 102100 (wfb::exports solomon_islands partners japan (* 39 %) );; line 102100 (wfb::exports solomon_islands partners uk (* 23 %) );; line 102100 (wfb::exports solomon_islands partners thailand (* 9 %) );; line 102100 (wfb::exports solomon_islands partners australia (* 5 %) );; line 102100 (wfb::exports solomon_islands partners us (* 2 %) );; line 102100 (wfb::imports solomon_islands (* 110e6 $) );; line 102104 (wfb::imports solomon_islands commodities plant_and_machinery n/a );; line 102106 (wfb::imports solomon_islands commodities manufactured_goods n/a );; line 102106 (wfb::imports solomon_islands commodities food_and_live_animals n/a );; line 102106 (wfb::imports solomon_islands commodities fuel n/a );; line 102106 (wfb::imports solomon_islands partners australia (* 34 %) );; line 102109 (wfb::imports solomon_islands partners japan (* 16 %) );; line 102109 (wfb::imports solomon_islands partners singapore (* 14 %) );; line 102109 (wfb::imports solomon_islands partners nz (* 9 %) );; line 102109 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt solomon_islands date_1988 );; line 102113 (wfb::external_debt solomon_islands (* 128e6 $) );; line 102113 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1991 );; line 102117 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production solomon_islands date_1991 );; line 102117 (wfb::industrial_production solomon_islands growth_rate (* -3.8 %) );; line 102117 (wfb::industrial_production solomon_islands accounts_for (* 5 %_of_gdp) );; line 102117 (wfb::electricity solomon_islands capacity (* 21000 kw) );; line 102122 (wfb::electricity solomon_islands production (* 30e6 kwh) );; line 102124 (wfb::measurement-date electricity solomon_islands consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 102126 (wfb::electricity solomon_islands consumption_per_capita (* 80 kwh) );; line 102126 (wfb::industry solomon_islands copra-industry );; line 102130 (wfb::industry solomon_islands |fish (tuna)| );; line 102130 (wfb::agriculture solomon_islands "including fishing and forestry, accounts for 31% of GDP; mostly subsistence farming; cash crops - cocoa, beans, coconuts, palm kernels, timber; other products - rice, potatoes, vegetables, fruit, cattle, pigs; not self-sufficient in food grains; 90% of the total fish catch of 44,500 metric tons was exported (1988)" );; line 102134 (wfb::economic_aid solomon_islands recipient "Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1980-89), $250 million" );; line 102143 (wfb::abbreviation solomon_islands_dollar "SI$" );; line 102148 (wfb::currency solomon_islands solomon_islands_dollar 100 cents );; line 102148 (wfb::exchange_rates solomon_islands "Solomon Islands dollars (SI$) per US$1 - 3.3113 (September 1994), 3.1877 (1993), 2.9281 (1992), 2.7148 (1991), 2.5288 (1990)" );; line 102152 (wfb::fiscal_year solomon_islands date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 102157 (wfb::railroads solomon_islands "0 km" );; line 102162 (wfb::highways solomon_islands total (* 1300 km) );; line 102167 (wfb::highways solomon_islands paved (* 30 km) );; line 102169 (wfb::highways solomon_islands gravel (* 290 km) );; line 102171 (wfb::highways solomon_islands earth (* 980 km) );; line 102171 (wfb::comment highways solomon_islands "in addition, there are 800 km of private logging and plantation roads of varied construction (1982)" );; line 102173 (wfb::port solomon_islands aola_bay-solomon_islands );; line 102178 (wfb::port solomon_islands honiara-solomon_islands );; line 102178 (wfb::port solomon_islands lofung-solomon_islands );; line 102178 (wfb::port solomon_islands noro-solomon_islands );; line 102178 (wfb::port solomon_islands viru_harbor-solomon_islands );; line 102178 (wfb::port solomon_islands yandina-solomon_islands );; line 102178 (wfb::merchant_marine solomon_islands "none" );; line 102182 (wfb::airports solomon_islands total 31 );; line 102187 (wfb::airports solomon_islands |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 1 );; line 102189 (wfb::airports solomon_islands |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 102191 (wfb::airports solomon_islands with_paved_runways_under_914_m 19 );; line 102193 (wfb::airports solomon_islands |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 1 );; line 102195 (wfb::airports solomon_islands |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 9 );; line 102197 (wfb::telephone_system solomon_islands "3,000 telephones" );; line 102202 (wfb::telephone_system solomon_islands local "NA" );; line 102204 (wfb::telephone_system solomon_islands intercity "NA" );; line 102206 (wfb::telephone_system solomon_islands international "1 INTELSAT (Pacific Ocean) earth station" );; line 102208 (wfb::radio solomon_islands broadcast_stations am 4 );; line 102213 (wfb::radio solomon_islands broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 102213 (wfb::radio solomon_islands broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 102213 (wfb::radio solomon_islands radios n/a );; line 102215 (wfb::television solomon_islands broadcast_stations 0 );; line 102220 (wfb::television solomon_islands televisions n/a );; line 102222 (wfb::defense_branch solomon_islands no_military_forces_solomon_islands );; line 102228 (wfb::comment defense_branch solomon_islands royal_solomon_islands_police_solomon_islands "RSIP" );; line 102228 (wfb::defense_branch solomon_islands royal_solomon_islands_police_solomon_islands );; line 102228 (wfb::markup-parameter figure somalia "graphno=\"so.tif\"" );; line 102238 (wfb::location somalia "Eastern Africa, bordering the Gulf of Aden and the Indian Ocean, east of Ethiopia" );; line 102242 (wfb::map_references somalia "Africa" );; line 102247 (wfb::area somalia total_area (* 637660 sq_km) );; line 102252 (wfb::area somalia land_area (* 627340 sq_km) );; line 102254 (wfb::area somalia comparative_area "slightly smaller than Texas" );; line 102256 (wfb::borders somalia total (* 2366 km) );; line 102260 (wfb::borders somalia djibouti (* 58 km) );; line 102260 (wfb::borders somalia ethiopia (* 1626 km) );; line 102260 (wfb::borders somalia kenya (* 682 km) );; line 102260 (wfb::coastline somalia (* 3025 km) );; line 102264 (wfb::maritime_claims somalia territorial_sea (* 200 nm) );; line 102269 (wfb::international_disputes somalia "southern half of boundary with Ethiopia is a Provisional Administrative Line" );; line 102273 (wfb::international_disputes somalia "territorial dispute with Ethiopia over the Ogaden" );; line 102273 (wfb::climate somalia "principally desert" );; line 102278 (wfb::climate somalia "December to February - northeast monsoon, moderate temperatures in north and very hot in south" );; line 102278 (wfb::climate somalia "May to October - southwest monsoon, torrid in the north and hot in the south, irregular rainfall, hot and humid periods (tangambili) between monsoons" );; line 102278 (wfb::terrain somalia "mostly flat to undulating plateau rising to hills in north" );; line 102285 (wfb::natural-resource somalia uranium_and_largely_unexploited_reserves_of_iron_ore );; line 102289 (wfb::natural-resource somalia tin );; line 102289 (wfb::natural-resource somalia gypsum );; line 102289 (wfb::natural-resource somalia bauxite );; line 102289 (wfb::natural-resource somalia copper );; line 102289 (wfb::natural-resource somalia salt );; line 102289 (wfb::land_use somalia arable_land (* 2 %) );; line 102295 (wfb::land_use somalia permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 102297 (wfb::land_use somalia meadows_and_pastures (* 46 %) );; line 102299 (wfb::land_use somalia forest_and_woodland (* 14 %) );; line 102301 (wfb::land_use somalia other (* 38 %) );; line 102303 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land somalia date_1989 );; line 102307 (wfb::irrigated_land somalia (* 1600 sq_km) );; line 102307 (wfb::environment somalia current_issues "famine" );; line 102312 (wfb::environment somalia current_issues "use of contaminated water contributes to human health problems" );; line 102312 (wfb::environment somalia current_issues "deforestation" );; line 102312 (wfb::environment somalia current_issues "overgrazing" );; line 102312 (wfb::environment somalia current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 102312 (wfb::environment somalia current_issues "desertification" );; line 102312 (wfb::environment somalia natural_hazards "recurring droughts" );; line 102315 (wfb::environment somalia natural_hazards "frequent dust storms over eastern plains in summer" );; line 102315 (wfb::environment somalia international_agreements "party to - Endangered Species, Law of the Sea" );; line 102318 (wfb::environment somalia international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban" );; line 102318 (wfb::note somalia "strategic location on Horn of Africa along southern approaches to Bab el Mandeb and route through Red Sea and Suez Canal" );; line 102323 (wfb::estimation-date population somalia date_jul_1995 );; line 102330 (wfb::population somalia 7347554 );; line 102330 (wfb::age_structure somalia 0-14_years (* 45 %) );; line 102335 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex somalia 0-14_years female 1653175 );; line 102335 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex somalia 0-14_years male 1650377 );; line 102335 (wfb::age_structure somalia 15-64_years (* 51 %) );; line 102337 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex somalia 15-64_years female 1845886 );; line 102337 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex somalia 15-64_years male 1932012 );; line 102337 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure somalia 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 102339 (wfb::age_structure somalia 65_years_and_over (* 4 %) );; line 102339 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex somalia 65_years_and_over female 138264 );; line 102339 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex somalia 65_years_and_over male 127840 );; line 102339 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate somalia date_1995 );; line 102343 (wfb::population_growth_rate somalia (* 15.58 %) );; line 102343 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate somalia date_1995 );; line 102347 (wfb::birth_rate somalia (* 45.53 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 102347 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate somalia date_1995 );; line 102351 (wfb::death_rate somalia (* 13.3 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 102351 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate somalia date_1995 );; line 102355 (wfb::net_migration_rate somalia (* 123.62 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 102355 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate somalia date_1995 );; line 102359 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate somalia (* 119.5 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 102359 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth somalia total_population (* 55.74 years) );; line 102364 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth somalia male (* 55.48 years) );; line 102366 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth somalia female date_1995 );; line 102368 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth somalia female (* 56 years) );; line 102368 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate somalia date_1995 );; line 102372 (wfb::total_fertility_rate somalia (* 7.13 children_born/woman) );; line 102372 (wfb::nationality somalia noun "Somali(s)" );; line 102377 (wfb::nationality somalia adjective "Somali" );; line 102379 (wfb::ethnic-entity somalia somali (* 85 %) );; line 102383 (wfb::ethnic-entity somalia bantu n/a );; line 102383 (wfb::ethnic-entity somalia |Arabs 30,000| n/a );; line 102383 (wfb::religion somalia sunni_muslim n/a );; line 102387 (wfb::language somalia somali-language-group n/a );; line 102391 (wfb::comment language somalia somali-language-group "official" );; line 102391 (wfb::language somalia arabic n/a );; line 102391 (wfb::language somalia italian n/a );; line 102391 (wfb::language somalia english n/a );; line 102391 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition somalia date_1990 );; line 102395 (wfb::literacy-condition somalia "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 102395 (wfb::literacy somalia total_population (* 24 %) );; line 102397 (wfb::literacy somalia male (* 36 %) );; line 102399 (wfb::literacy somalia female (* 14 %) );; line 102401 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation somalia pastoral_nomad (* 70 %) );; line 102407 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation somalia agriculture n/a );; line 102407 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation somalia government n/a );; line 102407 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation somalia trading n/a );; line 102407 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation somalia fishing-occupation-type n/a );; line 102407 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation somalia handicrafts-occupation-type n/a );; line 102407 (wfb::names somalia conventional_short_form "Somalia" );; line 102416 (wfb::names somalia former "Somali Republic" );; line 102418 (wfb::digraph somalia "SO" );; line 102422 (wfb::type somalia "none" );; line 102426 (wfb::capital somalia mogadishu-somalia );; line 102430 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_somalia_regions "regions" "plural - NA" "gobolka" );; line 102434 (wfb::administrative_divisions somalia adm_div_somalia_regions 18 );; line 102434 (wfb::administrative_division_of somalia adm_div_somalia_regions "Awdal" );; line 102434 (wfb::administrative_division_of somalia adm_div_somalia_regions "Bakool" );; line 102434 (wfb::administrative_division_of somalia adm_div_somalia_regions "Banaadir" );; line 102434 (wfb::administrative_division_of somalia adm_div_somalia_regions "Bari" );; line 102434 (wfb::administrative_division_of somalia adm_div_somalia_regions "Bay" );; line 102434 (wfb::administrative_division_of somalia adm_div_somalia_regions "Galguduud" );; line 102434 (wfb::administrative_division_of somalia adm_div_somalia_regions "Gedo" );; line 102434 (wfb::administrative_division_of somalia adm_div_somalia_regions "Hiiraan" );; line 102434 (wfb::administrative_division_of somalia adm_div_somalia_regions "Jubbada Dhexe" );; line 102434 (wfb::administrative_division_of somalia adm_div_somalia_regions "Jubbada Hoose" );; line 102434 (wfb::administrative_division_of somalia adm_div_somalia_regions "Mudug" );; line 102434 (wfb::administrative_division_of somalia adm_div_somalia_regions "Nugaal" );; line 102434 (wfb::administrative_division_of somalia adm_div_somalia_regions "Sanaag" );; line 102434 (wfb::administrative_division_of somalia adm_div_somalia_regions "Shabeellaha Dhexe" );; line 102434 (wfb::administrative_division_of somalia adm_div_somalia_regions "Shabeellaha Hoose" );; line 102434 (wfb::administrative_division_of somalia adm_div_somalia_regions "Sool" );; line 102434 (wfb::administrative_division_of somalia adm_div_somalia_regions "Togdheer" );; line 102434 (wfb::administrative_division_of somalia adm_div_somalia_regions "Woqooyi Galbeed" );; line 102434 (wfb::constitution somalia "25 August 1979, presidential approval 23 September 1979" );; line 102452 (wfb::legal_system somalia "NA" );; line 102456 (wfb::comment suffrage somalia " universal" );; line 102460 (wfb::suffrage somalia (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 102460 (wfb::legislative_structure somalia unicameral "People's Assembly" );; line 102471 (wfb::legislative_branch somalia "People's Assembly (Golaha Shacbiga)" "not functioning" );; line 102473 (wfb::judicial_branch somalia "Supreme Court (not functioning)" );; line 102477 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders somalia "the United Somali Congress (USC) ousted the former regime on 27 January 1991; formerly the only party was the Somali Revolutionary Socialist Party (SRSP), headed by former President and Commander in Chief of the Army Maj. Gen. Mohamed SIAD Barre" );; line 102481 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups somalia "numerous clan and subclan factions are currently vying for power" );; line 102488 (wfb::member_of somalia acp );; line 102492 (wfb::member_of somalia afdb );; line 102492 (wfb::member_of somalia afesd );; line 102492 (wfb::member_of somalia al );; line 102492 (wfb::member_of somalia amf );; line 102492 (wfb::member_of somalia caeu );; line 102492 (wfb::member_of somalia eca );; line 102492 (wfb::member_of somalia fao );; line 102492 (wfb::member_of somalia g-77 );; line 102492 (wfb::member_of somalia ibrd );; line 102492 (wfb::member_of somalia icao );; line 102492 (wfb::member_of somalia icrm );; line 102492 (wfb::member_of somalia ida );; line 102492 (wfb::member_of somalia idb );; line 102492 (wfb::member_of somalia ifad );; line 102492 (wfb::member_of somalia ifc );; line 102492 (wfb::member_of somalia ifrcs );; line 102492 (wfb::member_of somalia igadd );; line 102492 (wfb::member_of somalia ilo );; line 102492 (wfb::member_of somalia imf );; line 102492 (wfb::member_of somalia imo );; line 102492 (wfb::member_of somalia intelsat );; line 102492 (wfb::member_of somalia interpol );; line 102492 (wfb::member_of somalia ioc );; line 102492 (wfb::member_of somalia iom );; line 102492 (wfb::comment member_of somalia iom "observer" );; line 102492 (wfb::member_of somalia itu );; line 102492 (wfb::member_of somalia nam );; line 102492 (wfb::member_of somalia oau );; line 102492 (wfb::member_of somalia oic );; line 102492 (wfb::member_of somalia un );; line 102492 (wfb::member_of somalia unctad );; line 102492 (wfb::member_of somalia unesco );; line 102492 (wfb::member_of somalia unhcr );; line 102492 (wfb::member_of somalia unido );; line 102492 (wfb::member_of somalia upu );; line 102492 (wfb::member_of somalia wftu );; line 102492 (wfb::member_of somalia who );; line 102492 (wfb::member_of somalia wipo );; line 102492 (wfb::member_of somalia wmo );; line 102492 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us somalia "Somalian Embassy ceased operations on 8 May 1991" );; line 102499 (wfb::comment us_diplomatic_representation somalia "the US Embassy in Mogadishu was evacuated and closed indefinitely in January 1991; Ambassador Daniel SIMPSON, ambassador to Kenya, represents US interests in Somalia" );; line 102504 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation somalia liaison_office "US Embassy, Nairobi, Kenya" );; line 102508 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation somalia address "corner of Moi Avenue and Haile Selassie Avenue, Nairobi" );; line 102510 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation somalia mailing_address "P.O. Box 30137, Unit 64100, Nairobi or APO AE 09831" );; line 102512 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation somalia telephone "[254] (2) 334141" );; line 102514 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation somalia fax "[254] (2) 340838" );; line 102516 (wfb::flag somalia "light blue with a large white five-pointed star in the center; design based on the flag of the UN (Italian Somaliland was a UN trust territory)" );; line 102520 (wfb::overview somalia "One of the world's poorest and least developed countries, Somalia has few resources. Moreover, much of the economy has been devastated by the civil war. Agriculture is the most important sector, with livestock accounting for about 40% of GDP and about 65% of export earnings. Nomads and seminomads who are dependent upon livestock for their livelihood make up about 70% of the population. Crop production generates only 10% of GDP and employs about 20% of the work force. The main export crop is bananas; sugar, sorghum, and corn are grown for the domestic market. The small industrial sector is based on the processing of agricultural products and accounts for less than 10% of GDP; most facilities have been shut down because of the civil strife. The greatly increased political turmoil of 1991-93 has resulted in a substantial drop in agricultural output, with widespread famine. In 1994 economic conditions stabilized in the countryside but may turn worse in 1995 if civil strife intensifies after the UN withdrawal." );; line 102527 (wfb::estimation-date national_product somalia date_1994 );; line 102544 (wfb::national_product somalia (* 3.3e9 $) );; line 102544 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate somalia (* n/a %) );; line 102548 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita somalia date_1994 );; line 102552 (wfb::national_product_per_capita somalia (* 500 $) );; line 102552 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| somalia "NA% (1994)" );; line 102556 (wfb::unemployment_rate somalia (* n/a %) );; line 102560 (wfb::budget somalia revenues (* n/a $) );; line 102565 (wfb::budget somalia expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 102567 (wfb::budget somalia capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 102567 (wfb::estimation-date exports somalia date_1990 );; line 102571 (wfb::exports somalia (* 58e6 $) );; line 102571 (wfb::exports somalia commodities bananas n/a );; line 102573 (wfb::exports somalia commodities live_animals n/a );; line 102573 (wfb::exports somalia commodities fish-commodity n/a );; line 102573 (wfb::exports somalia commodities hides n/a );; line 102573 (wfb::measurement-date exports somalia date_1986 );; line 102575 (wfb::exports somalia partners saudi_arabia n/a );; line 102575 (wfb::exports somalia partners italy n/a );; line 102575 (wfb::exports somalia partners frg n/a );; line 102575 (wfb::estimation-date imports somalia date_1990 );; line 102579 (wfb::imports somalia (* 249e6 $) );; line 102579 (wfb::imports somalia commodities petroleum_products-commodity n/a );; line 102581 (wfb::imports somalia commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 102581 (wfb::imports somalia commodities construction_materials n/a );; line 102581 (wfb::measurement-date imports somalia date_1986 );; line 102583 (wfb::imports somalia partners us (* 13 %) );; line 102583 (wfb::imports somalia partners italy n/a );; line 102583 (wfb::imports somalia partners frg n/a );; line 102583 (wfb::imports somalia partners kenya n/a );; line 102583 (wfb::imports somalia partners uk n/a );; line 102583 (wfb::imports somalia partners saudi_arabia n/a );; line 102583 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt somalia date_1989 );; line 102587 (wfb::external_debt somalia (* 1.9e9 $) );; line 102587 (wfb::industrial_production somalia growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 102591 (wfb::electricity somalia production (* n/a kwh) );; line 102600 (wfb::electricity somalia consumption_per_capita (* n/a kwh) );; line 102602 (wfb::measurement-date industry date_1994 );; line 102606 (wfb::industry somalia a_few_small_industries );; line 102606 (wfb::industry somalia including_sugar_refining );; line 102606 (wfb::industry somalia textiles );; line 102606 (wfb::industry somalia |petroleum refining (mostly shut down)| );; line 102606 (wfb::agriculture somalia "dominant sector, led by livestock raising (cattle, sheep, goats); crops - bananas, sorghum, corn, mangoes, sugarcane; not self-sufficient in food; distribution of food disrupted by civil strife; fishing potential largely unexploited" );; line 102611 (wfb::economic_aid somalia recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $639 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $3.8 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $1.1 billion; Communist countries (1970-89), $336 million" );; line 102619 (wfb::exchange_rates somalia "Somali shillings (So. Sh.) per US$1 - approximately 5,000 (1 January 1995), 2,616 (1 July 1993), 4,200 (December 1992), 3,800.00 (December 1990), 490.7 (1989)," );; line 102630 (wfb::fiscal_year somalia date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 102636 (wfb::railroads somalia "0 km" );; line 102641 (wfb::highways somalia total (* 22500 km) );; line 102646 (wfb::highways somalia paved (* 2700 km) );; line 102648 (wfb::measurement-date highways somalia date_1992 );; line 102650 (wfb::highways somalia gravel (* 3000 km) );; line 102650 (wfb::highways somalia (union improved stabilized_earth ) (* 16800 km) );; line 102650 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 15 km) );; line 102654 (wfb::port somalia bender_cassim-somalia );; line 102658 (wfb::comment port somalia bender_cassim-somalia "Boosaaso" );; line 102658 (wfb::port somalia berbera-somalia );; line 102658 (wfb::port somalia chisimayu-somalia );; line 102658 (wfb::comment port somalia chisimayu-somalia "Kismaayo" );; line 102658 (wfb::port somalia merca-somalia );; line 102658 (wfb::port somalia mogadishu-somalia );; line 102658 (wfb::merchant_marine somalia total "2 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 5,529 GRT/6,892 DWT" );; line 102664 (wfb::merchant_marine somalia ships_by_type "cargo 1, refrigerated cargo 1" );; line 102666 (wfb::airports somalia total 76 );; line 102671 (wfb::airports somalia |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 3 );; line 102673 (wfb::airports somalia |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 102675 (wfb::airports somalia |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 3 );; line 102677 (wfb::airports somalia |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 102679 (wfb::airports somalia with_paved_runways_under_914_m 14 );; line 102681 (wfb::airports somalia |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 5 );; line 102683 (wfb::airports somalia |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 16 );; line 102685 (wfb::airports somalia |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 33 );; line 102687 (wfb::telephone_system somalia "NA telephones; the public telecommunications system was completely destroyed or dismantled by the civil war factions; all relief organizations depend on their own private systems (1993)" );; line 102692 (wfb::telephone_system somalia local "NA" );; line 102696 (wfb::telephone_system somalia intercity "NA" );; line 102698 (wfb::telephone_system somalia international "NA" );; line 102700 (wfb::radio somalia radios n/a );; line 102707 (wfb::television somalia broadcast_stations n/a );; line 102712 (wfb::television somalia televisions n/a );; line 102714 (wfb::defense_branch somalia no_functioning_central_government_military_forces_somalia );; line 102720 (wfb::manpower_availability somalia "males age 15-49 1,736,673; males fit for military service 972,203 (1995 est." );; line 102725 (wfb::markup-parameter figure south_africa "graphno=\"sf.tif\"" );; line 102736 (wfb::location south_africa "Southern Africa, at the southern tip of the continent of Africa" );; line 102740 (wfb::map_references south_africa "Africa" );; line 102744 (wfb::area south_africa total_area (* 1219912 sq_km) );; line 102749 (wfb::area south_africa land_area (* 1219912 sq_km) );; line 102751 (wfb::area south_africa comparative_area "slightly less than twice the size of Texas" );; line 102753 (wfb::comment area south_africa "includes Prince Edward Islands (Marion Island and Prince Edward Island)" );; line 102755 (wfb::borders south_africa total (* 4750 km) );; line 102760 (wfb::borders south_africa botswana (* 1840 km) );; line 102760 (wfb::borders south_africa lesotho (* 909 km) );; line 102760 (wfb::borders south_africa mozambique (* 491 km) );; line 102760 (wfb::borders south_africa namibia (* 855 km) );; line 102760 (wfb::borders south_africa swaziland (* 430 km) );; line 102760 (wfb::borders south_africa zimbabwe (* 225 km) );; line 102760 (wfb::coastline south_africa (* 2798 km) );; line 102765 (wfb::maritime_claims south_africa exclusive_fishing_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 102772 (wfb::maritime_claims south_africa territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 102774 (wfb::international_disputes south_africa "Swaziland has asked South Africa to open negotiations on reincorporating some nearby South African territories that are populated by ethnic Swazis or that were long ago part of the Swazi Kingdom;" );; line 102778 (wfb::climate south_africa "mostly semiarid" );; line 102784 (wfb::climate south_africa "subtropical along east coast" );; line 102784 (wfb::climate south_africa "sunny days, cool nights" );; line 102784 (wfb::terrain south_africa "vast interior plateau rimmed by rugged hills and narrow coastal plain" );; line 102789 (wfb::natural-resource south_africa gold );; line 102794 (wfb::natural-resource south_africa chromium );; line 102794 (wfb::natural-resource south_africa antimony );; line 102794 (wfb::natural-resource south_africa coal );; line 102794 (wfb::natural-resource south_africa iron_ore );; line 102794 (wfb::natural-resource south_africa manganese );; line 102794 (wfb::natural-resource south_africa nickel );; line 102794 (wfb::natural-resource south_africa phosphates );; line 102794 (wfb::natural-resource south_africa tin );; line 102794 (wfb::natural-resource south_africa uranium );; line 102794 (wfb::natural-resource south_africa gem_diamonds );; line 102794 (wfb::natural-resource south_africa platinum );; line 102794 (wfb::natural-resource south_africa copper );; line 102794 (wfb::natural-resource south_africa vanadium );; line 102794 (wfb::natural-resource south_africa salt );; line 102794 (wfb::natural-resource south_africa natural_gas );; line 102794 (wfb::land_use south_africa arable_land (* 10 %) );; line 102801 (wfb::land_use south_africa permanent_crops (* 1 %) );; line 102803 (wfb::land_use south_africa meadows_and_pastures (* 65 %) );; line 102805 (wfb::land_use south_africa forest_and_woodland (* 3 %) );; line 102807 (wfb::land_use south_africa other (* 21 %) );; line 102809 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land south_africa date_1989 );; line 102813 (wfb::irrigated_land south_africa (* 11280 sq_km) );; line 102813 (wfb::environment south_africa current_issues "lack of important arterial rivers or lakes requires extensive water conservation and control measures" );; line 102818 (wfb::environment south_africa current_issues "growth in water usage threatens to outpace supply" );; line 102818 (wfb::environment south_africa current_issues "pollution of rivers from agricultural runoff and urban discharge" );; line 102818 (wfb::environment south_africa current_issues "air pollution resulting in acid rain" );; line 102818 (wfb::environment south_africa current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 102818 (wfb::environment south_africa current_issues "desertification" );; line 102818 (wfb::environment south_africa natural_hazards "prolonged droughts" );; line 102823 (wfb::environment south_africa international_agreements "party to - Antarctic Treaty, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling" );; line 102825 (wfb::environment south_africa international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Law of the Sea" );; line 102825 (wfb::note south_africa "South Africa completely surrounds Lesotho and almost completely surrounds Swaziland" );; line 102832 (wfb::age_structure south_africa 0-14_years (* 40 %) );; line 102845 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex south_africa 0-14_years female 8842764 );; line 102845 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex south_africa 0-14_years male 9091722 );; line 102845 (wfb::age_structure south_africa 15-64_years (* 56 %) );; line 102847 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex south_africa 15-64_years female 12825617 );; line 102847 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex south_africa 15-64_years male 12508039 );; line 102847 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure south_africa 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 102849 (wfb::age_structure south_africa 65_years_and_over (* 4 %) );; line 102849 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex south_africa 65_years_and_over female 1047285 );; line 102849 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex south_africa 65_years_and_over male 780032 );; line 102849 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate south_africa date_1995 );; line 102858 (wfb::birth_rate south_africa (* 33.39 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 102858 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate south_africa date_1995 );; line 102862 (wfb::death_rate south_africa (* 7.42 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 102862 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate south_africa date_1995 );; line 102866 (wfb::net_migration_rate south_africa (* 0.17 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 102866 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate south_africa date_1995 );; line 102870 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate south_africa (* 45.8 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 102870 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth south_africa total_population (* 65.42 years) );; line 102875 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth south_africa male (* 62.68 years) );; line 102877 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth south_africa female date_1995 );; line 102879 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth south_africa female (* 68.25 years) );; line 102879 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate south_africa date_1995 );; line 102883 (wfb::total_fertility_rate south_africa (* 4.35 children_born/woman) );; line 102883 (wfb::nationality south_africa noun "South African(s)" );; line 102888 (wfb::nationality south_africa adjective "South African" );; line 102890 (wfb::ethnic-entity south_africa black (* 75.2 %) );; line 102894 (wfb::ethnic-entity south_africa white (* 13.6 %) );; line 102894 (wfb::ethnic-entity south_africa colored (* 8.6 %) );; line 102894 (wfb::ethnic-entity south_africa indian (* 2.6 %) );; line 102894 (wfb::religion south_africa union20 (* 2 %) );; line 102898 (wfb::language south_africa eleven_official_languages n/a );; line 102903 (wfb::language south_africa including_afrikaans n/a );; line 102903 (wfb::language south_africa english n/a );; line 102903 (wfb::language south_africa ndebele n/a );; line 102903 (wfb::language south_africa pedi n/a );; line 102903 (wfb::language south_africa sotho-language-group n/a );; line 102903 (wfb::language south_africa swazi n/a );; line 102903 (wfb::language south_africa tsonga n/a );; line 102903 (wfb::language south_africa tswana n/a );; line 102903 (wfb::language south_africa venda n/a );; line 102903 (wfb::language south_africa xhosa n/a );; line 102903 (wfb::language south_africa zulu n/a );; line 102903 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition south_africa date_1980 );; line 102908 (wfb::literacy-condition south_africa "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 102908 (wfb::literacy south_africa total_population (* 76 %) );; line 102910 (wfb::literacy south_africa male (* 78 %) );; line 102912 (wfb::literacy south_africa female (* 75 %) );; line 102914 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force south_africa date_1990 );; line 102918 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation south_africa services (* 35 %) );; line 102920 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation south_africa agriculture (* 30 %) );; line 102920 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation south_africa industry (* 20 %) );; line 102920 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation south_africa mining-occupation-type (* 9 %) );; line 102920 (wfb::names south_africa conventional_long_form "Republic of South Africa" );; line 102926 (wfb::names south_africa conventional_short_form "South Africa" );; line 102928 (wfb::abbreviation south_africa "RSA" );; line 102932 (wfb::digraph south_africa "SF" );; line 102936 (wfb::type south_africa "republic" );; line 102940 (wfb::comment capital south_africa "judicial" );; line 102944 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_south_africa_provinces "provinces" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 102949 (wfb::administrative_divisions south_africa adm_div_south_africa_provinces 9 );; line 102949 (wfb::administrative_division_of south_africa adm_div_south_africa_provinces "Eastern Cape" );; line 102949 (wfb::administrative_division_of south_africa adm_div_south_africa_provinces "Eastern Transvaal" );; line 102949 (wfb::administrative_division_of south_africa adm_div_south_africa_provinces "KwaZulu/Natal" );; line 102949 (wfb::administrative_division_of south_africa adm_div_south_africa_provinces "Northern Cape" );; line 102949 (wfb::administrative_division_of south_africa adm_div_south_africa_provinces "Northern Transvaal" );; line 102949 (wfb::administrative_division_of south_africa adm_div_south_africa_provinces "Northwest" );; line 102949 (wfb::administrative_division_of south_africa adm_div_south_africa_provinces "Orange Free State" );; line 102949 (wfb::administrative_division_of south_africa adm_div_south_africa_provinces "Gauteng" );; line 102949 (wfb::administrative_division_of south_africa adm_div_south_africa_provinces "Western Cape" );; line 102949 (wfb::independence south_africa date_31_may_1910 "UK" );; line 102955 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1994 );; line 102959 (wfb::comment national_holiday south_africa "1994" );; line 102959 (wfb::national_holiday south_africa "Freedom Day" date_27_apr );; line 102959 (wfb::constitution south_africa "27 April 1994 (interim constitution, replacing the constitution of 3 September 1984)" );; line 102963 (wfb::legal_system south_africa "based on Roman-Dutch law and English common law; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations" );; line 102968 (wfb::comment suffrage south_africa " universal" );; line 102973 (wfb::suffrage south_africa (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 102973 (wfb::comment executive_branch south_africa chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "Deputy Executive President Thabo MBEKI (since 10 May 1994)" );; line 102978 (wfb::comment executive_branch south_africa chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "Deputy Executive President Frederik W. DE KLERK (since 10 May 1994)" );; line 102978 (wfb::executive_branch south_africa chief_of_state "Executive President Nelson MANDELA " date_10_may_1994 );; line 102978 (wfb::executive_branch south_africa head_of_government "Executive President Nelson MANDELA " date_10_may_1994 );; line 102978 (wfb::comment executive_branch south_africa "any political party that wins 20% or more of the National Assembly votes in a general election is entitled to name a Deputy Executive President" );; line 102982 (wfb::executive_branch south_africa cabinet "Cabinet appointed by the Executive President" );; line 102985 (wfb::legislative_structure south_africa bicameral n/a );; line 102989 (wfb::legislative_branch south_africa "National Assembly" "elections last held 26-29 April 1994 (next to be held NA); results - ANC 62.6%, NP 20.4%, IFP 10.5%, FF 2.2%, DP 1.7%, PAC 1.2%, ACDP 0.5%, other 0.9%; seats - (400 total) ANC 252, NP 82, IFP 43, FF 9, DP 7, PAC 5, ACDP 2" );; line 102991 (wfb::legislative_branch south_africa "Senate" "the Senate is composed of members who are nominated by the nine provincial parliaments (which are elected in parallel with the National Assembly) and has special powers to protect regional interests, including the right to limited self-determination for ethnic minorities; seats - (90 total) ANC 61, NP 17, FF 4, IFP 5, DP 3" );; line 102996 (wfb::comment legislative_branch south_africa "when the National Assembly meets in joint session with the Senate to consider the provisions of the constitution, the combined group is referred to as the Constitutional Assembly" );; line 103002 (wfb::judicial_branch south_africa "Supreme Court" );; line 103008 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders south_africa "African National Congress (ANC), Nelson MANDELA, president; National Party (NP), Frederik W. DE KLERK, president; Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP), Mangosuthu BUTHELEZI, president; Freedom Front (FF), Constand VILJOEN, president; Democratic Party (DP); Pan Africanist Congress (PAC), Clarence MAKWETU, president; African Christian Democratic Party (ACDP), leader NA" );; line 103012 (wfb::comment political_parties_and_leaders south_africa "in addition to these seven parties which received seats in the National Assembly, twelve other parties won votes in the national elections in April 1994" );; line 103018 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups south_africa "NA;;" );; line 103024 (wfb::member_of south_africa bis );; line 103028 (wfb::member_of south_africa c );; line 103028 (wfb::member_of south_africa ccc );; line 103028 (wfb::member_of south_africa eca );; line 103028 (wfb::member_of south_africa fao );; line 103028 (wfb::member_of south_africa gatt );; line 103028 (wfb::member_of south_africa iaea );; line 103028 (wfb::member_of south_africa ibrd );; line 103028 (wfb::member_of south_africa icao );; line 103028 (wfb::member_of south_africa icc );; line 103028 (wfb::member_of south_africa icrm );; line 103028 (wfb::member_of south_africa ida );; line 103028 (wfb::member_of south_africa ifc );; line 103028 (wfb::member_of south_africa ifrcs );; line 103028 (wfb::member_of south_africa ilo );; line 103028 (wfb::member_of south_africa imf );; line 103028 (wfb::member_of south_africa inmarsat );; line 103028 (wfb::member_of south_africa intelsat );; line 103028 (wfb::member_of south_africa interpol );; line 103028 (wfb::member_of south_africa ioc );; line 103028 (wfb::member_of south_africa iso );; line 103028 (wfb::member_of south_africa itu );; line 103028 (wfb::member_of south_africa nam );; line 103028 (wfb::member_of south_africa oau );; line 103028 (wfb::member_of south_africa sacu );; line 103028 (wfb::member_of south_africa sadc );; line 103028 (wfb::member_of south_africa un );; line 103028 (wfb::member_of south_africa unctad );; line 103028 (wfb::member_of south_africa upu );; line 103028 (wfb::member_of south_africa wftu );; line 103028 (wfb::member_of south_africa who );; line 103028 (wfb::member_of south_africa wipo );; line 103028 (wfb::member_of south_africa wmo );; line 103028 (wfb::member_of south_africa zc );; line 103028 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us south_africa chief_of_mission "Ambassador Franklin SONN" );; line 103035 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us south_africa chancery "3051 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 103037 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us south_africa telephone "[1] (202) 232-4400" );; line 103039 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us south_africa |consulate(s) general| "Beverly Hills (California), Chicago, and New York" );; line 103041 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation south_africa chief_of_mission "Ambassador Princeton N. LYMAN" );; line 103046 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation south_africa embassy "877 Pretorius St., Arcadia 0083" );; line 103048 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation south_africa mailing_address "P.O. Box 9536, Pretoria 0001" );; line 103050 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation south_africa telephone "[27] (12) 342-1048" );; line 103052 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation south_africa fax "[27] (12) 342-2244" );; line 103054 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation south_africa |consulate(s) general| "Cape Town, Durban, Johannesburg" );; line 103056 (wfb::flag south_africa "two equal width horizontal bands of red (top) and blue separated by a central green band which splits into a horozontal Y, the arms of which end at the corners of the hoist side, embracing a black isoceles triangle from which the arms are separated by narrow yellow bands; the red and blue bands are separated from the green band and its arms by narrow white stripes" );; line 103060 (wfb::comment flag south_africa "prior to 26 April 1994, the flag was actually four flags in one - three miniature flags reproduced in the center of the white band of the former flag of the Netherlands, which has three equal horizontal bands of orange (top), white, and blue; the miniature flags are a vertically hanging flag of the old Orange Free State with a horizontal flag of the UK adjoining on the hoist side and a horizontal flag of the old Transvaal Republic adjoining on the other side" );; line 103067 (wfb::overview south_africa "Many of the white one-seventh of the South African population enjoy incomes, material comforts, and health and educational standards equal to those of Western Europe. In contrast, most of the remaining population suffers from the poverty patterns of the Third World, including unemployment and lack of job skills. The main strength of the economy lies in its rich mineral resources, which provide two-thirds of exports. Economic developments for the remainder of the 1990s will be driven largely by the new government's attempts to improve black living conditions, to set the country on an aggressive export-led growth path, and to cut back the enormous numbers of unemployed. The economy in recent years has absorbed less than 5% of the more than 300,000 workers entering the labor force annually. Local economists estimate that the economy must grow between 5% and 6% in real terms annually to absorb all of the new entrants, much less reduce the accumulated total." );; line 103078 (wfb::estimation-date national_product south_africa date_1994 );; line 103094 (wfb::national_product south_africa (* 194.3e9 $) );; line 103094 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate south_africa date_1994 );; line 103098 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate south_africa (* 2 %) );; line 103098 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita south_africa date_1994 );; line 103102 (wfb::national_product_per_capita south_africa (* 4420 $) );; line 103102 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| south_africa "9% (1994 est.)" );; line 103106 (wfb::budget south_africa revenues (* 26.3e9 $) );; line 103115 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year budget south_africa 93 );; line 103117 (wfb::budget south_africa expenditures (* 34e9 $) );; line 103117 (wfb::budget south_africa capital_expenditures (* 2.5e9 $) );; line 103117 (wfb::exports south_africa (* 25.3e9 $) );; line 103122 (wfb::exports south_africa commodities gold-commodity (* 27 %) );; line 103124 (wfb::exports south_africa commodities food (* 5 %) );; line 103124 (wfb::exports south_africa commodities chemicals-commodity (* 3 %) );; line 103124 (wfb::exports south_africa partners italy n/a );; line 103127 (wfb::exports south_africa partners japan n/a );; line 103127 (wfb::exports south_africa partners us n/a );; line 103127 (wfb::exports south_africa partners germany n/a );; line 103127 (wfb::exports south_africa partners uk n/a );; line 103127 (wfb::exports south_africa partners hong_kong n/a );; line 103127 (wfb::imports south_africa (* 21.4e9 $) );; line 103131 (wfb::imports south_africa commodities machinery (* 32 %) );; line 103133 (wfb::imports south_africa commodities transport_equipment (* 15 %) );; line 103133 (wfb::imports south_africa commodities chemicals-commodity (* 11 %) );; line 103133 (wfb::imports south_africa commodities oil-commodity n/a );; line 103133 (wfb::imports south_africa commodities textiles-commodity n/a );; line 103133 (wfb::imports south_africa commodities scientific_instruments n/a );; line 103133 (wfb::imports south_africa partners germany n/a );; line 103136 (wfb::imports south_africa partners us n/a );; line 103136 (wfb::imports south_africa partners japan n/a );; line 103136 (wfb::imports south_africa partners uk n/a );; line 103136 (wfb::imports south_africa partners italy n/a );; line 103136 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt south_africa date_1994 );; line 103140 (wfb::external_debt south_africa (* 18e9 $) );; line 103140 (wfb::industrial_production south_africa growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 103144 (wfb::electricity south_africa capacity (* 39750000 kw) );; line 103149 (wfb::electricity south_africa production (* 163e9 kwh) );; line 103151 (wfb::measurement-date electricity south_africa consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 103153 (wfb::electricity south_africa consumption_per_capita (* 3482 kwh) );; line 103153 (wfb::industry south_africa |mining (world's largest producer of platinum, gold, chromium)| );; line 103157 (wfb::industry south_africa automobile_assembly );; line 103157 (wfb::industry south_africa metalworking );; line 103157 (wfb::industry south_africa machinery-industry );; line 103157 (wfb::industry south_africa textile-industry );; line 103157 (wfb::industry south_africa iron );; line 103157 (wfb::industry south_africa steel );; line 103157 (wfb::industry south_africa chemical );; line 103157 (wfb::industry south_africa fertilizer );; line 103157 (wfb::industry south_africa foodstuffs-industry );; line 103157 (wfb::agriculture south_africa "accounts for about 5% of GDP and 30% of labor force; diversified agriculture, with emphasis on livestock; products - cattle, poultry, sheep, wool, milk, beef, corn, wheat, sugarcane, fruits, vegetables; self-sufficient in food" );; line 103163 (wfb::illicit_drugs south_africa "transshipment center for heroin and cocaine; cocaine consumption on the rise; world's largest market for illicit methaqualone, usually imported illegally from India through various east African countries" );; line 103170 (wfb::economic_aid south_africa "many aid packages for the new government are still being prepared; current aid pledges include US $600 million over 3 years; UK $150 million over 3 years; Australia $21 million over 3 years; Japan $1.3 billion over 2 years" );; line 103176 (wfb::abbreviation rand "R" );; line 103183 (wfb::currency south_africa rand 100 cents );; line 103183 (wfb::exchange_rates south_africa "rand (R) per US$1 - 3.5389 (January 1995), 3.5490 (1994), 3.2636 (1993), 2.8497 (1992), 2.7563 (1991), 2.5863 (1990)" );; line 103187 (wfb::fiscal_year south_africa date_1_apr date_31_mar );; line 103192 (wfb::railroads south_africa total "20,638 km" );; line 103198 (wfb::railroads south_africa narrow_gauge "20,324 km 1.067-m gauge (substantial electrification); 314 km 0.610-m gauge" );; line 103200 (wfb::highways south_africa total (* 188309 km) );; line 103206 (wfb::highways south_africa paved (* 54013 km) );; line 103208 (wfb::highways south_africa (union crushed_stone gravel improved_earth ) (* 134296 km) );; line 103210 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 931 km) );; line 103214 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 1748 km) );; line 103214 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 322 km) );; line 103214 (wfb::port south_africa cape_town-south_africa );; line 103219 (wfb::port south_africa durban-south_africa );; line 103219 (wfb::port south_africa east_london-south_africa );; line 103219 (wfb::port south_africa mosselbaai-south_africa );; line 103219 (wfb::port south_africa port_elizabeth-south_africa );; line 103219 (wfb::port south_africa richards_bay-south_africa );; line 103219 (wfb::port south_africa saldanha-south_africa );; line 103219 (wfb::merchant_marine south_africa total "4 container ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 211,276 GRT/198,602 DWT" );; line 103225 (wfb::airports south_africa total 853 );; line 103231 (wfb::airports south_africa |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 9 );; line 103233 (wfb::airports south_africa |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 5 );; line 103235 (wfb::airports south_africa |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 47 );; line 103237 (wfb::airports south_africa |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 72 );; line 103239 (wfb::airports south_africa with_paved_runways_under_914_m 327 );; line 103241 (wfb::airports south_africa |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 39 );; line 103243 (wfb::airports south_africa |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 354 );; line 103245 (wfb::telephone_system south_africa "over 4,500,000 telephones; the system is the best developed, most modern, and has the highest capacity in Africa" );; line 103250 (wfb::telephone_system south_africa local "NA" );; line 103253 (wfb::telephone_system south_africa intercity "consists of carrier-equipped open-wire lines, coaxial cables, microwave radio relay links, fiber optic cable, and radiocommunication stations; key centers are Bloemfontein, Cape Town, Durban, Johannesburg, Port Elizabeth, and Pretoria" );; line 103255 (wfb::telephone_system south_africa international "1 submarine cable; 3 INTELSAT (1 Indian Ocean and 2 Atlantic Ocean) earth stations" );; line 103260 (wfb::radio south_africa broadcast_stations am 14 );; line 103266 (wfb::radio south_africa broadcast_stations fm 286 );; line 103266 (wfb::radio south_africa broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 103266 (wfb::radio south_africa radios n/a );; line 103268 (wfb::television south_africa broadcast_stations 67 );; line 103273 (wfb::television south_africa televisions n/a );; line 103275 (wfb::comment defense_branch south_africa south_african_national_defence_force_south_africa "SANDF; includes Army, Navy, Air Force, and Medical Services" );; line 103281 (wfb::defense_branch south_africa south_african_national_defence_force_south_africa );; line 103281 (wfb::comment defense_branch south_africa south_african_police_service_south_africa "SAPS" );; line 103281 (wfb::defense_branch south_africa south_african_police_service_south_africa );; line 103281 (wfb::manpower_availability south_africa "males age 15-49 10,830,079; males fit for military service 6,601,323; males reach military age (18) annually 439,793 (1995 est.)" );; line 103286 (wfb::for-fiscal-year defense_expenditures south_africa 93 );; line 103291 (wfb::defense_expenditures south_africa (* 3.2e9 $) );; line 103291 (wfb::defense_expenditures south_africa (* 2.8 %_of_gdp) );; line 103291 (wfb::markup-parameter figure south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands "graphno=\"sx.tif\"" );; line 103297 (wfb::header south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands "(dependent territory of the UK)" );; line 103297 (wfb::location south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands "Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of the tip of South America" );; line 103302 (wfb::map_references south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands "Antarctic Region" );; line 103307 (wfb::area south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands total_area (* 4066 sq_km) );; line 103312 (wfb::area south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands land_area (* 4066 sq_km) );; line 103314 (wfb::area south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands comparative_area "slightly larger than Rhode Island" );; line 103316 (wfb::comment area south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands "includes Shag Rocks, Clerke Rocks, Bird Island" );; line 103318 (wfb::coastline south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands (* n/a km) );; line 103326 (wfb::maritime_claims south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands exclusive_fishing_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 103331 (wfb::maritime_claims south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 103333 (wfb::international_disputes south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands "administered by the UK, claimed by Argentina" );; line 103337 (wfb::climate south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands "variable, with mostly westerly winds throughout the year, interspersed with periods of calm" );; line 103341 (wfb::climate south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands "nearly all precipitation falls as snow" );; line 103341 (wfb::terrain south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands "most of the islands, rising steeply from the sea, are rugged and mountainous" );; line 103346 (wfb::terrain south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands "South Georgia is largely barren and has steep, glacier-covered mountains" );; line 103346 (wfb::terrain south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands "the South Sandwich Islands are of volcanic origin with some active volcanoes" );; line 103346 (wfb::natural-resource south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands fish );; line 103353 (wfb::land_use south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 103358 (wfb::land_use south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 103360 (wfb::land_use south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 103362 (wfb::land_use south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 103364 (wfb::comment land_use south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands other "largely covered by permanent ice and snow with some sparse vegetation consisting of grass, moss, and lichen" );; line 103366 (wfb::land_use south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands other (* 100 %) );; line 103366 (wfb::irrigated_land south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands (* 0 sq_km) );; line 103371 (wfb::environment south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands current_issues "NA" );; line 103376 (wfb::environment south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands natural_hazards "the South Sandwich Islands have prevailing weather conditions that generally make them difficult to approach by ship" );; line 103378 (wfb::environment south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands natural_hazards "they are also subject to active volcanism" );; line 103378 (wfb::environment south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands international_agreements "NA" );; line 103382 (wfb::note south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands "the north coast of South Georgia has several large bays, which provide good anchorage; reindeer, introduced early in this century, live on South Georgia" );; line 103386 (wfb::names south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands conventional_long_form "South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" );; line 103402 (wfb::digraph south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands "SX" );; line 103408 (wfb::type south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands "dependent territory of the UK" );; line 103412 (wfb::comment independence south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands "dependent territory of the UK" );; line 103424 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1982 );; line 103428 (wfb::comment national_holiday south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands "1982" );; line 103428 (wfb::national_holiday south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands "Liberation Day" date_14_jun );; line 103428 (wfb::constitution south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands "3 October 1985" );; line 103432 (wfb::legal_system south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands "English common law" );; line 103436 (wfb::judicial_branch south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands "none" );; line 103451 (wfb::overview south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands "Some fishing takes place in adjacent waters. There is a potential source of income from harvesting fin fish and krill. The islands receive income from postage stamps produced in the UK." );; line 103456 (wfb::budget south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands revenues (* 291777 $) );; line 103463 (wfb::estimation-date budget south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands date_1988 );; line 103465 (wfb::budget south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands expenditures (* 451000 $) );; line 103465 (wfb::budget south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 103465 (wfb::electricity south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands capacity (* 900 kw) );; line 103470 (wfb::electricity south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands production (* 2e6 kwh) );; line 103472 (wfb::measurement-date electricity south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands consumption_per_capita date_1992 );; line 103474 (wfb::electricity south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands consumption_per_capita (* n/a kwh) );; line 103474 (wfb::port south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands grytviken-south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands );; line 103488 (wfb::telephone_system south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands "NA telephones; coastal radio station at Grytviken" );; line 103497 (wfb::telephone_system south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands local "NA" );; line 103499 (wfb::telephone_system south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands intercity "NA" );; line 103501 (wfb::telephone_system south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands international "NA" );; line 103503 (wfb::radio south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands broadcast_stations am 0 );; line 103508 (wfb::radio south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 103508 (wfb::radio south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 103508 (wfb::radio south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands radios n/a );; line 103510 (wfb::television south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands broadcast_stations 0 );; line 103515 (wfb::television south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands televisions n/a );; line 103517 (wfb::note south_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands "defense is the responsibility of the UK" );; line 103523 (wfb::markup-parameter figure spain "graphno=\"sp.tif\"" );; line 103529 (wfb::location spain "Southwestern Europe, bordering the Bay of Biscay, Mediterranean Sea, and North Atlantic Ocean, southwest of France" );; line 103533 (wfb::map_references spain "Europe" );; line 103538 (wfb::area spain total_area (* 504750 sq_km) );; line 103543 (wfb::area spain land_area (* 499400 sq_km) );; line 103545 (wfb::area spain comparative_area "slightly more than twice the size of Oregon" );; line 103547 (wfb::comment area spain "includes Balearic Islands, Canary Islands, and five places of sovereignty (plazas de soberania) on and off the coast of Morocco - Ceuta, Mellila, Islas Chafarinas, Penon de Alhucemas, and Penon de Velez de la Gomera" );; line 103549 (wfb::borders spain total (* 1903.2 km) );; line 103555 (wfb::borders spain andorra (* 65 km) );; line 103555 (wfb::borders spain france (* 623 km) );; line 103555 (wfb::borders spain gibraltar (* 1.2 km) );; line 103555 (wfb::borders spain portugal (* 1214 km) );; line 103555 (wfb::coastline spain (* 4964 km) );; line 103560 (wfb::maritime_claims spain exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 103565 (wfb::maritime_claims spain territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 103567 (wfb::international_disputes spain "Gibraltar question with UK" );; line 103571 (wfb::international_disputes spain "Spain controls five places of sovereignty (plazas de soberania) on and off the coast of Morocco - the coastal enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla, which Morocco contests, as well as the islands of Penon de Alhucemas, Penon de Velez de la Gomera, and Islas Chafarinas" );; line 103571 (wfb::climate spain "temperate" );; line 103578 (wfb::climate spain "clear, hot summers in interior, more moderate and cloudy along coast" );; line 103578 (wfb::climate spain "cloudy, cold winters in interior, partly cloudy and cool along coast" );; line 103578 (wfb::terrain spain "large, flat to dissected plateau surrounded by rugged hills" );; line 103584 (wfb::terrain spain "Pyrenees in north" );; line 103584 (wfb::natural-resource spain coal );; line 103589 (wfb::natural-resource spain lignite );; line 103589 (wfb::natural-resource spain iron_ore );; line 103589 (wfb::natural-resource spain uranium );; line 103589 (wfb::natural-resource spain mercury );; line 103589 (wfb::natural-resource spain pyrites );; line 103589 (wfb::natural-resource spain fluorspar );; line 103589 (wfb::natural-resource spain gypsum );; line 103589 (wfb::natural-resource spain zinc );; line 103589 (wfb::natural-resource spain lead );; line 103589 (wfb::natural-resource spain tungsten );; line 103589 (wfb::natural-resource spain copper );; line 103589 (wfb::natural-resource spain kaolin );; line 103589 (wfb::natural-resource spain potash );; line 103589 (wfb::natural-resource spain hydropower-natural-resource );; line 103589 (wfb::land_use spain arable_land (* 31 %) );; line 103595 (wfb::land_use spain permanent_crops (* 10 %) );; line 103597 (wfb::land_use spain meadows_and_pastures (* 21 %) );; line 103599 (wfb::land_use spain forest_and_woodland (* 31 %) );; line 103601 (wfb::land_use spain other (* 7 %) );; line 103603 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land spain date_1989 );; line 103607 (wfb::irrigated_land spain (* 33600 sq_km) );; line 103607 (wfb::environment spain current_issues "pollution of the Mediterranean Sea from raw sewage and effluents from the offshore production of oil and gas" );; line 103612 (wfb::environment spain current_issues "air pollution" );; line 103612 (wfb::environment spain current_issues "deforestation" );; line 103612 (wfb::environment spain current_issues "desertification" );; line 103612 (wfb::environment spain natural_hazards "periodic droughts" );; line 103616 (wfb::environment spain international_agreements "party to - Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands, Whaling" );; line 103618 (wfb::environment spain international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Desertification, Law of the Sea" );; line 103618 (wfb::note spain "strategic location along approaches to Strait of Gibraltar" );; line 103628 (wfb::estimation-date population spain date_jul_1995 );; line 103634 (wfb::population spain 39404348 );; line 103634 (wfb::age_structure spain 0-14_years (* 17 %) );; line 103639 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex spain 0-14_years female 3214606 );; line 103639 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex spain 0-14_years male 3446643 );; line 103639 (wfb::age_structure spain 15-64_years (* 68 %) );; line 103641 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex spain 15-64_years female 13377839 );; line 103641 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex spain 15-64_years male 13457683 );; line 103641 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure spain 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 103643 (wfb::age_structure spain 65_years_and_over (* 15 %) );; line 103643 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex spain 65_years_and_over female 3461367 );; line 103643 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex spain 65_years_and_over male 2446210 );; line 103643 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate spain date_1995 );; line 103647 (wfb::population_growth_rate spain (* 0.27 %) );; line 103647 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate spain date_1995 );; line 103651 (wfb::birth_rate spain (* 11.21 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 103651 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate spain date_1995 );; line 103655 (wfb::death_rate spain (* 8.86 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 103655 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate spain date_1995 );; line 103659 (wfb::net_migration_rate spain (* 0.31 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 103659 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate spain date_1995 );; line 103663 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate spain (* 6.7 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 103663 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth spain total_population (* 77.91 years) );; line 103668 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth spain male (* 74.67 years) );; line 103670 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth spain female date_1995 );; line 103672 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth spain female (* 81.39 years) );; line 103672 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate spain date_1995 );; line 103676 (wfb::total_fertility_rate spain (* 1.41 children_born/woman) );; line 103676 (wfb::nationality spain noun "Spaniard(s)" );; line 103681 (wfb::nationality spain adjective "Spanish" );; line 103683 (wfb::ethnic-entity spain composite_of_mediterranean_and_nordic_types n/a );; line 103687 (wfb::religion spain roman_catholic (* 99 %) );; line 103691 (wfb::language spain castilian_spanish n/a );; line 103695 (wfb::language spain catalan (* 17 %) );; line 103695 (wfb::language spain galician (* 7 %) );; line 103695 (wfb::language spain basque (* 2 %) );; line 103695 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition spain date_1986 );; line 103699 (wfb::literacy-condition spain "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 103699 (wfb::literacy spain total_population (* 96 %) );; line 103701 (wfb::literacy spain male (* 98 %) );; line 103703 (wfb::literacy spain female (* 94 %) );; line 103705 (wfb::total_labor_force spain 14.621e6 );; line 103709 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force spain by_occupation date_1988 );; line 103711 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1988 );; line 103711 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation spain services (* 53 %) );; line 103711 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation spain industry (* 24 %) );; line 103711 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation spain agriculture (* 14 %) );; line 103711 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation spain construction (* 9 %) );; line 103711 (wfb::names spain conventional_long_form "Kingdom of Spain" );; line 103718 (wfb::names spain conventional_short_form "Spain" );; line 103720 (wfb::names spain local_short_form "Espana" );; line 103722 (wfb::digraph spain "SP" );; line 103726 (wfb::type spain "parliamentary monarchy" );; line 103730 (wfb::capital spain madrid-spain );; line 103734 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_spain_autonomous_communities "autonomous communities" "comunidades autonomas" "comunidad autonoma" );; line 103738 (wfb::administrative_divisions spain adm_div_spain_autonomous_communities 17 );; line 103738 (wfb::administrative_division_of spain adm_div_spain_autonomous_communities "Andalucia" );; line 103738 (wfb::administrative_division_of spain adm_div_spain_autonomous_communities "Aragon" );; line 103738 (wfb::administrative_division_of spain adm_div_spain_autonomous_communities "Asturias" );; line 103738 (wfb::administrative_division_of spain adm_div_spain_autonomous_communities "Canarias" );; line 103738 (wfb::administrative_division_of spain adm_div_spain_autonomous_communities "Cantabria" );; line 103738 (wfb::administrative_division_of spain adm_div_spain_autonomous_communities "Castilla-La Mancha" );; line 103738 (wfb::administrative_division_of spain adm_div_spain_autonomous_communities "Castilla y Leon" );; line 103738 (wfb::administrative_division_of spain adm_div_spain_autonomous_communities "Cataluna" );; line 103738 (wfb::administrative_division_of spain adm_div_spain_autonomous_communities "Communidad Valencia" );; line 103738 (wfb::administrative_division_of spain adm_div_spain_autonomous_communities "Extremadura" );; line 103738 (wfb::administrative_division_of spain adm_div_spain_autonomous_communities "Galicia" );; line 103738 (wfb::administrative_division_of spain adm_div_spain_autonomous_communities "Islas Baleares" );; line 103738 (wfb::administrative_division_of spain adm_div_spain_autonomous_communities "La Rioja" );; line 103738 (wfb::administrative_division_of spain adm_div_spain_autonomous_communities "Madrid" );; line 103738 (wfb::administrative_division_of spain adm_div_spain_autonomous_communities "Murcia" );; line 103738 (wfb::administrative_division_of spain adm_div_spain_autonomous_communities "Navarra" );; line 103738 (wfb::administrative_division_of spain adm_div_spain_autonomous_communities "Pais Vasco" );; line 103738 (wfb::comment administrative_divisions spain "there are five places of sovereignty on and off the coast of Morocco (Ceuta, Mellila, Islas Chafarinas, Penon de Alhucemas, and Penon de Velez de la Gomera) with administrative status unknown" );; line 103743 (wfb::comment independence spain "expulsion of the Moors and unification" );; line 103749 (wfb::independence spain date_1492 "n/a" );; line 103749 (wfb::national_holiday spain "National Day" date_12_oct );; line 103753 (wfb::constitution spain "6 December 1978, effective 29 December 1978" );; line 103757 (wfb::legal_system spain "civil law system, with regional applications; does not accept compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 103761 (wfb::comment suffrage spain " universal" );; line 103766 (wfb::suffrage spain (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 103766 (wfb::executive_branch spain chief_of_state "King JUAN CARLOS I " date_22_nov_1975 );; line 103771 (wfb::comment executive_branch spain head_of_government "Deputy Prime Minister Narcis SERRA y Serra (since 13 March 1991)" );; line 103773 (wfb::executive_branch spain head_of_government "Prime Minister Felipe GONZALEZ Marquez " date_2_dec_1982 );; line 103773 (wfb::comment executive_branch spain cabinet "designated by the prime minister" );; line 103776 (wfb::executive_branch spain cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 103776 (wfb::executive_branch spain council_of_state "is the supreme consultative organ of the government" );; line 103778 (wfb::legislative_branch spain "Senate (Senado)" "elections last held 6 June 1993 (next to be held by June 1997); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (255 total) PSOE 117, PP 107, CiU 15, PNV 5, IU 2, other 9" );; line 103785 (wfb::legislative_branch spain "Congress of Deputies (Congreso de los Diputados)" "elections last held 6 June 1993 (next to be held by June 1997); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (350 total) PSOE 159, PP 141, IU 18, CiU 17, PNV 5, CC 4, HB 2, other 4" );; line 103789 (wfb::judicial_branch spain "Supreme Court (Tribunal Supremo)" );; line 103795 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders spain |principal national parties, from right to left| "Popular Party (PP), Jose Maria AZNAR Lopez; Democratic Social Center (CDS), Rafael CALVO Ortega; Spanish Socialist Workers Party (PSOE), Felipe GONZALEZ Marquez, secretary general; Socialist Democracy Party (DS), Ricardo GARCIA Damborenea; Spanish Communist Party (PCE), Julio ANGUITA Gonzalez; United Left (IU - a coalition of parties including the PCE, a branch of the PSOE, and other small parties), Julio ANGUITA Gonzalez" );; line 103800 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders spain chief_regional_parties "Convergence and Union (CiU), Miquel ROCA i Junyent, secretary general; Basque Nationalist Party (PNV), Xabier ARZALLUS Antia and Jose Antonio ARDANZA; Basque United People (HB), Jon IDIGORAS Guerricabeitia and Inaki ESNAOLA; Canarian Coalition (CC), a coalition of five parties" );; line 103807 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups spain "on the extreme left, the Basque Fatherland and Liberty (ETA) and the First of October Antifascist Resistance Group (GRAPO) use terrorism to oppose the government; free labor unions (authorized in April 1977) include the Communist-dominated Workers Commissions (CCOO); the Socialist General Union of Workers (UGT), and the smaller independent Workers Syndical Union (USO); business and landowning interests; the Catholic Church; Opus Dei; university students" );; line 103814 (wfb::member_of spain afdb );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain ag );; line 103824 (wfb::comment member_of spain ag "observer" );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain asdb );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain australia_group );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain bis );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain ccc );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain ce );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain cern );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain ebrd );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain ec-international-organization );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain ece );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain eclac );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain eib );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain esa );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain fao );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain g-_8 );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain gatt );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain iadb );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain iaea );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain ibrd );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain icao );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain icc );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain icftu );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain icrm );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain ida );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain iea );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain ifad );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain ifc );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain ifrcs );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain ilo );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain imf );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain imo );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain inmarsat );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain intelsat );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain interpol );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain ioc );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain iom );; line 103824 (wfb::comment member_of spain iom "observer" );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain iso );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain itu );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain laia );; line 103824 (wfb::comment member_of spain laia "observer" );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain mtcr );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain nacc );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain nam );; line 103824 (wfb::comment member_of spain nam "guest" );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain nato );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain nea );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain nsg );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain oas );; line 103824 (wfb::comment member_of spain oas "observer" );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain oecd );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain onusal );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain osce );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain pca );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain un );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain unctad );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain unesco );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain unhcr );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain unido );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain unmih );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain unomoz );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain unprofor );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain unu );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain upu );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain wcl );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain weu );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain wftu );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain who );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain wipo );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain wmo );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain wto );; line 103824 (wfb::member_of spain zc );; line 103824 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us spain chief_of_mission "Ambassador Jaime De OJEDA Eiseley" );; line 103835 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us spain chancery "2375 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20037" );; line 103837 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us spain telephone "[1] (202) 452-0100, 728-2340" );; line 103839 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us spain fax "[1] (202) 833-5670" );; line 103841 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us spain |consulate(s) general| "Boston, Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New Orleans, New York, San Francisco, and San Juan (Puerto Rico)" );; line 103843 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation spain chief_of_mission "Ambassador Richard N. GARDNER" );; line 103849 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation spain embassy "Serrano 75, 28006 Madrid" );; line 103851 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation spain mailing_address "APO AE 09642" );; line 103853 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation spain telephone "[34] (1) 577-4000" );; line 103855 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation spain fax "[34] (1) 577-5735" );; line 103857 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation spain |consulate(s) general| "Barcelona" );; line 103859 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation spain |consulate(s)| "Bilbao" );; line 103861 (wfb::flag spain "three horizontal bands of red (top), yellow (double width), and red with the national coat of arms on the hoist side of the yellow band; the coat of arms includes the royal seal framed by the Pillars of Hercules, which are the two promontories (Gibraltar and Ceuta) on either side of the eastern end of the Strait of Gibraltar" );; line 103865 (wfb::overview spain "Spain, with a per capita output approximately two-thirds that of the four leading economies of Western Europe, has shared with these countries the recession of the early 1990s and the upturn of their economic fortunes in 1994. But whereas unemployment in these countries has hovered just above 10%, Spain has been forced to cope with a 25% unemployment rate. Continued political turmoil has complicated the establishment of stable government policies toward budgetary restraint, interest rates, labor law reform, and Spain's role in the evolving economic integration of Western Europe. Because the recession has been so deep, the growth in industrial output, tourism, and other sectors in 1994, while welcome, falls far short of the growth required to bring unemployment down to, say, 10%. The recovery in the economies of major trade partners, the comparatively low inflation rate, lower interest rates, and prospects in the tourist sector suggest that Spain can make substantial progress in 1995." );; line 103874 (wfb::estimation-date national_product spain date_1994 );; line 103891 (wfb::national_product spain (* 515.8e9 $) );; line 103891 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate spain date_1994 );; line 103895 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate spain (* 1.8 %) );; line 103895 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita spain date_1994 );; line 103899 (wfb::national_product_per_capita spain (* 13120 $) );; line 103899 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| spain "4.9% (1994)" );; line 103903 (wfb::budget spain revenues (* 97.7e9 $) );; line 103912 (wfb::estimation-date budget spain date_1993 );; line 103914 (wfb::budget spain expenditures (* 128e9 $) );; line 103914 (wfb::budget spain capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 103914 (wfb::exports spain (* 72.8e9 $) );; line 103918 (wfb::exports spain commodities cars_and_trucks n/a );; line 103920 (wfb::exports spain commodities semifinished_manufactured_goods n/a );; line 103920 (wfb::exports spain commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 103920 (wfb::exports spain commodities machinery n/a );; line 103920 (wfb::measurement-date exports spain date_1992 );; line 103923 (wfb::exports spain partners ec (* 71.2 %) );; line 103923 (wfb::exports spain partners us (* 4.8 %) );; line 103923 (wfb::imports spain (* 92.5e9 $) );; line 103927 (wfb::imports spain commodities machinery n/a );; line 103929 (wfb::imports spain commodities transport_equipment n/a );; line 103929 (wfb::imports spain commodities fuels n/a );; line 103929 (wfb::imports spain commodities semifinished_goods n/a );; line 103929 (wfb::imports spain commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 103929 (wfb::imports spain commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 103929 (wfb::imports spain commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 103929 (wfb::measurement-date imports spain date_1992 );; line 103932 (wfb::imports spain partners ec (* 60.7 %) );; line 103932 (wfb::imports spain partners us (* 7.4 %) );; line 103932 (wfb::imports spain partners middle_east (* 5.9 %) );; line 103932 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt spain date_1993 );; line 103937 (wfb::external_debt spain (* 90e9 $) );; line 103937 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 103941 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production spain date_1994 );; line 103941 (wfb::industrial_production spain growth_rate (* 4 %) );; line 103941 (wfb::electricity spain capacity (* 43800000 kw) );; line 103946 (wfb::electricity spain production (* 148e9 kwh) );; line 103948 (wfb::measurement-date electricity spain consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 103950 (wfb::electricity spain consumption_per_capita (* 3545 kwh) );; line 103950 (wfb::industry spain |textiles and apparel (including footwear)| );; line 103954 (wfb::industry spain food-industry );; line 103954 (wfb::industry spain beverages-industry );; line 103954 (wfb::industry spain metals_and_metal_manufactures );; line 103954 (wfb::industry spain chemicals );; line 103954 (wfb::industry spain shipbuilding );; line 103954 (wfb::industry spain automobiles-industry );; line 103954 (wfb::industry spain machine_tools );; line 103954 (wfb::industry spain tourism );; line 103954 (wfb::agriculture spain "accounts for about 5% of GDP and 14% of labor force; major products - grain, vegetables, olives, wine grapes, sugar beets, citrus fruit, beef, pork, poultry, dairy; largely self-sufficient in food; fish catch of 1.4 million metric tons is among top 20 nations" );; line 103960 (wfb::illicit_drugs spain "key European gateway country for Latin American cocaine and North African hashish entering the European market; transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin" );; line 103967 (wfb::economic_aid spain recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-87), $1.9 billion; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-79), $545 million" );; line 103974 (wfb::comment economic_aid spain "not currently a recipient" );; line 103977 (wfb::abbreviation peseta "Pta" );; line 103981 (wfb::currency spain peseta 100 centimos );; line 103981 (wfb::exchange_rates spain "pesetas (Ptas) per US$1 - 132.61 (January 1995), 133.96 (1994), 127.26 (1993), 102.38 (1992), 103.91 (1991), 101.93 (1990)" );; line 103985 (wfb::fiscal_year spain date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 103990 (wfb::railroads spain total "14,400 km" );; line 103996 (wfb::railroads spain broad_gauge "12,111 km 1.668-m gauge (6,404 km electrified; 2,295 km double track)" );; line 103998 (wfb::railroads spain standard_gauge "515 km 1.435-m gauge (515 km electrified)" );; line 104001 (wfb::railroads spain narrow_gauge "1,774 km (privately owned: 1,727 km 1.000-m gauge, 560 km electrified; 28 km 0.914-m gauge, 28 km electrified; government owned: 19 km 1.000-m gauge, all electrified)" );; line 104003 (wfb::highways spain total (* 331961 km) );; line 104010 (wfb::comment highways spain paved "2,700 km of expressways" );; line 104012 (wfb::measurement-date highways spain date_1991 );; line 104014 (wfb::inland_waterways spain "1,045 km, but of minor economic importance" );; line 104018 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 265 km) );; line 104022 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 1794 km) );; line 104022 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 1666 km) );; line 104022 (wfb::port spain aviles-spain );; line 104027 (wfb::port spain barcelona-spain );; line 104027 (wfb::port spain bilbao-spain );; line 104027 (wfb::port spain cadiz-spain );; line 104027 (wfb::port spain cartagena-spain );; line 104027 (wfb::port spain ceuta-spain );; line 104027 (wfb::port spain huelva-spain );; line 104027 (wfb::port spain la_coruna-spain );; line 104027 (wfb::port spain las_palmas-spain );; line 104027 (wfb::comment port spain las_palmas-spain "Canary Islands" );; line 104027 (wfb::port spain malaga-spain );; line 104027 (wfb::port spain melilla-spain );; line 104027 (wfb::port spain pasajes-spain );; line 104027 (wfb::port spain puerto_de_gijon-spain );; line 104027 (wfb::port spain santander-spain );; line 104027 (wfb::port spain tarragona-spain );; line 104027 (wfb::port spain valencia-spain );; line 104027 (wfb::port spain vigo-spain );; line 104027 (wfb::merchant_marine spain total "157 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 868,326 GRT/1,382,335 DWT" );; line 104035 (wfb::merchant_marine spain ships_by_type "bulk 12, cargo 41, chemical tanker 11, container 9, liquefied gas tanker 4, oil tanker 25, passenger 2, refrigerated cargo 12, roll-on/roll-off cargo 34, short-sea passenger 5, specialized tanker 2" );; line 104037 (wfb::airports spain total 106 );; line 104044 (wfb::airports spain |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 15 );; line 104046 (wfb::airports spain |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 11 );; line 104048 (wfb::airports spain |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 16 );; line 104050 (wfb::airports spain |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 12 );; line 104052 (wfb::airports spain with_paved_runways_under_914_m 34 );; line 104054 (wfb::airports spain |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 104056 (wfb::airports spain |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 1 );; line 104058 (wfb::airports spain |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 16 );; line 104060 (wfb::telephone_system spain "15,350,464 telephones; generally adequate, modern facilities" );; line 104065 (wfb::telephone_system spain local "NA" );; line 104067 (wfb::telephone_system spain intercity "NA" );; line 104069 (wfb::telephone_system spain international "22 coaxial submarine cables; 2 earth stations for INTELSAT (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean); earth stations for working the EUTELSAT, INMARSAT, and MARECS satellite communications systems; microwave tropospheric scatter links to adjacent countries" );; line 104071 (wfb::radio spain broadcast_stations am 190 );; line 104079 (wfb::comment radio spain broadcast_stations fm "repeaters 134" );; line 104079 (wfb::radio spain broadcast_stations fm 406 );; line 104079 (wfb::radio spain broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 104079 (wfb::radio spain radios n/a );; line 104081 (wfb::comment television spain broadcast_stations "repeaters 1,297" );; line 104086 (wfb::television spain broadcast_stations 100 );; line 104086 (wfb::television spain televisions n/a );; line 104088 (wfb::defense_branch spain army_spain );; line 104094 (wfb::defense_branch spain navy_spain );; line 104094 (wfb::defense_branch spain air_force_spain );; line 104094 (wfb::defense_branch spain marines_spain );; line 104094 (wfb::defense_branch spain civil_guard_spain );; line 104094 (wfb::defense_branch spain national_police_spain );; line 104094 (wfb::defense_branch spain coastal_civil_guard_spain );; line 104094 (wfb::manpower_availability spain "males age 15-49 10,435,970; males fit for military service 8,434,460; males reach military age (20) annually 335,967 (1995 est.)" );; line 104099 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures spain date_1994 );; line 104104 (wfb::defense_expenditures spain (* 8e9 $) );; line 104104 (wfb::defense_expenditures spain (* 1.6 %_of_gdp) );; line 104104 (wfb::markup-parameter figure spratly_islands "graphno=\"pg.tif\"" );; line 104110 (wfb::location spratly_islands "Southeastern Asia, group of reefs in the South China Sea, about two-thirds of the way from southern Vietnam to the southern Philippines" );; line 104114 (wfb::map_references spratly_islands "Southeast Asia" );; line 104119 (wfb::area spratly_islands comparative_area "NA" );; line 104128 (wfb::comment area spratly_islands "includes 100 or so islets, coral reefs, and sea mounts scattered over the South China Sea" );; line 104130 (wfb::coastline spratly_islands (* 926 km) );; line 104139 (wfb::international_disputes spratly_islands "all of the Spratly Islands are claimed by China, Taiwan, and Vietnam" );; line 104147 (wfb::international_disputes spratly_islands "parts of them are claimed by Malaysia and the Philippines" );; line 104147 (wfb::international_disputes spratly_islands "in 1984, Brunei established an exclusive economic zone, which encompasses Louisa Reef, but has not publicly claimed the island" );; line 104147 (wfb::climate spratly_islands "tropical" );; line 104154 (wfb::terrain spratly_islands "flat" );; line 104158 (wfb::natural-resource spratly_islands fish );; line 104162 (wfb::natural-resource spratly_islands guano );; line 104162 (wfb::natural-resource spratly_islands undetermined_oil_and_natural_gas_potential );; line 104162 (wfb::land_use spratly_islands arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 104167 (wfb::land_use spratly_islands permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 104169 (wfb::land_use spratly_islands meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 104171 (wfb::land_use spratly_islands forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 104173 (wfb::land_use spratly_islands other (* 100 %) );; line 104175 (wfb::irrigated_land spratly_islands (* 0 sq_km) );; line 104179 (wfb::environment spratly_islands current_issues "NA" );; line 104184 (wfb::environment spratly_islands natural_hazards "typhoons" );; line 104186 (wfb::environment spratly_islands natural_hazards "serious maritime hazard because of numerous reefs and shoals" );; line 104186 (wfb::environment spratly_islands international_agreements "NA" );; line 104189 (wfb::note spratly_islands "strategically located near several primary shipping lanes in the central South China Sea; includes numerous small islands, atolls, shoals, and coral reefs" );; line 104193 (wfb::names spratly_islands conventional_short_form "Spratly Islands" );; line 104209 (wfb::digraph spratly_islands "PG" );; line 104213 (wfb::overview spratly_islands "Economic activity is limited to commercial fishing. The proximity to nearby oil- and gas-producing sedimentary basins suggests the potential for oil and gas deposits, but the region is largely unexplored, and there are no reliable estimates of potential reserves; commercial exploitation has yet to be developed." );; line 104218 (wfb::airports spratly_islands total 4 );; line 104236 (wfb::airports spratly_islands with_paved_runways_under_914_m 3 );; line 104238 (wfb::airports spratly_islands |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 104240 (wfb::telephone_system spratly_islands local "NA" );; line 104246 (wfb::telephone_system spratly_islands intercity "NA" );; line 104248 (wfb::telephone_system spratly_islands international "NA" );; line 104250 (wfb::radio spratly_islands radios n/a );; line 104257 (wfb::television spratly_islands broadcast_stations n/a );; line 104262 (wfb::television spratly_islands televisions n/a );; line 104264 (wfb::note spratly_islands "about 50 small islands or reefs are occupied by China, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan, and Vietnam" );; line 104270 (wfb::markup-parameter figure sri_lanka "graphno=\"ce.tif\"" );; line 104277 (wfb::location sri_lanka "Southern Asia, island in the Indian Ocean, south of India" );; line 104281 (wfb::map_references sri_lanka "Asia" );; line 104285 (wfb::area sri_lanka total_area (* 65610 sq_km) );; line 104290 (wfb::area sri_lanka land_area (* 64740 sq_km) );; line 104292 (wfb::area sri_lanka comparative_area "slightly larger than West Virginia" );; line 104294 (wfb::coastline sri_lanka (* 1340 km) );; line 104302 (wfb::maritime_claims sri_lanka contiguous_zone (* 24 nm) );; line 104307 (wfb::maritime_claims sri_lanka exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 104311 (wfb::maritime_claims sri_lanka territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 104313 (wfb::international_disputes sri_lanka "none" );; line 104317 (wfb::climate sri_lanka "tropical monsoon" );; line 104321 (wfb::climate sri_lanka "northeast monsoon (December to March)" );; line 104321 (wfb::climate sri_lanka "southwest monsoon (June to October)" );; line 104321 (wfb::terrain sri_lanka "mostly low, flat to rolling plain" );; line 104326 (wfb::terrain sri_lanka "mountains in south-central interior" );; line 104326 (wfb::natural-resource sri_lanka limestone );; line 104331 (wfb::natural-resource sri_lanka graphite );; line 104331 (wfb::natural-resource sri_lanka mineral_sands );; line 104331 (wfb::natural-resource sri_lanka gems-natural-resource );; line 104331 (wfb::natural-resource sri_lanka phosphates );; line 104331 (wfb::natural-resource sri_lanka clay );; line 104331 (wfb::land_use sri_lanka arable_land (* 16 %) );; line 104336 (wfb::land_use sri_lanka permanent_crops (* 17 %) );; line 104338 (wfb::land_use sri_lanka meadows_and_pastures (* 7 %) );; line 104340 (wfb::land_use sri_lanka forest_and_woodland (* 37 %) );; line 104342 (wfb::land_use sri_lanka other (* 23 %) );; line 104344 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land sri_lanka date_1989 );; line 104348 (wfb::irrigated_land sri_lanka (* 5600 sq_km) );; line 104348 (wfb::environment sri_lanka current_issues "deforestation" );; line 104353 (wfb::environment sri_lanka current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 104353 (wfb::environment sri_lanka current_issues "wildlife populations threatened by poaching" );; line 104353 (wfb::environment sri_lanka current_issues "coastal degradation from mining activities and increased pollution" );; line 104353 (wfb::environment sri_lanka current_issues "freshwater resources being polluted by industrial wastes and sewage runoff" );; line 104353 (wfb::environment sri_lanka natural_hazards "occasional cyclones and tornadoes" );; line 104357 (wfb::environment sri_lanka international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands" );; line 104359 (wfb::environment sri_lanka international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Marine Life Conservation" );; line 104359 (wfb::note sri_lanka "strategic location near major Indian Ocean sea lanes" );; line 104366 (wfb::estimation-date population sri_lanka date_jul_1995 );; line 104372 (wfb::population sri_lanka 18342660 );; line 104372 (wfb::comment population sri_lanka "since the outbreak of hostilities between the government and armed Tamil separatists in the mid-1980s, several hundred thousand Tamil civilians have fled the island; as of late 1992, nearly 115,000 were housed in refugee camps in south India, another 95,000 lived outside the Indian camps, and more than 200,000 Tamils have sought political asylum in the West" );; line 104374 (wfb::age_structure sri_lanka 0-14_years (* 29 %) );; line 104383 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex sri_lanka 0-14_years female 2597969 );; line 104383 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex sri_lanka 0-14_years male 2713696 );; line 104383 (wfb::age_structure sri_lanka 15-64_years (* 65 %) );; line 104385 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex sri_lanka 15-64_years female 6042228 );; line 104385 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex sri_lanka 15-64_years male 5902343 );; line 104385 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure sri_lanka 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 104387 (wfb::age_structure sri_lanka 65_years_and_over (* 6 %) );; line 104387 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex sri_lanka 65_years_and_over female 547715 );; line 104387 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex sri_lanka 65_years_and_over male 538709 );; line 104387 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate sri_lanka date_1995 );; line 104391 (wfb::population_growth_rate sri_lanka (* 1.15 %) );; line 104391 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate sri_lanka date_1995 );; line 104395 (wfb::birth_rate sri_lanka (* 18.13 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 104395 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate sri_lanka date_1995 );; line 104399 (wfb::death_rate sri_lanka (* 5.78 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 104399 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate sri_lanka date_1995 );; line 104403 (wfb::net_migration_rate sri_lanka (* -0.84 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 104403 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate sri_lanka date_1995 );; line 104407 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate sri_lanka (* 21.3 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 104407 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth sri_lanka total_population (* 72.14 years) );; line 104412 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth sri_lanka male (* 69.58 years) );; line 104414 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth sri_lanka female date_1995 );; line 104416 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth sri_lanka female (* 74.82 years) );; line 104416 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate sri_lanka date_1995 );; line 104420 (wfb::total_fertility_rate sri_lanka (* 2.08 children_born/woman) );; line 104420 (wfb::nationality sri_lanka noun "Sri Lankan(s)" );; line 104425 (wfb::nationality sri_lanka adjective "Sri Lankan" );; line 104427 (wfb::ethnic-entity sri_lanka sinhalese (* 74 %) );; line 104431 (wfb::ethnic-entity sri_lanka tamil-ethnic-entity (* 18 %) );; line 104431 (wfb::ethnic-entity sri_lanka moor (* 7 %) );; line 104431 (wfb::ethnic-entity sri_lanka union21 (* 1 %) );; line 104431 (wfb::religion sri_lanka buddhist (* 69 %) );; line 104435 (wfb::religion sri_lanka hindu (* 15 %) );; line 104435 (wfb::religion sri_lanka christian (* 8 %) );; line 104435 (wfb::religion sri_lanka muslim (* 8 %) );; line 104435 (wfb::language sri_lanka |Sinhala (official and national language)| (* 74 %) );; line 104439 (wfb::language sri_lanka |Tamil (national language)| (* 18 %) );; line 104439 (wfb::comment languages sri_lanka "English is commonly used in government and is spoken by about 10% of the population" );; line 104442 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition sri_lanka date_1990 );; line 104447 (wfb::literacy-condition sri_lanka "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 104447 (wfb::literacy sri_lanka total_population (* 88 %) );; line 104449 (wfb::literacy sri_lanka male (* 93 %) );; line 104451 (wfb::literacy sri_lanka female (* 84 %) );; line 104453 (wfb::total_labor_force sri_lanka 6.6e6 );; line 104457 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force sri_lanka by_occupation date_1985 );; line 104459 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1985 );; line 104459 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation sri_lanka agriculture (* 45.9 %) );; line 104459 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation sri_lanka mining_and_manufacturing (* 13.3 %) );; line 104459 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation sri_lanka trade_and_transport (* 12.4 %) );; line 104459 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation sri_lanka services_and_other (* 28.4 %) );; line 104459 (wfb::names sri_lanka conventional_long_form "Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka" );; line 104466 (wfb::names sri_lanka conventional_short_form "Sri Lanka" );; line 104468 (wfb::names sri_lanka former "Ceylon" );; line 104470 (wfb::digraph sri_lanka "CE" );; line 104474 (wfb::type sri_lanka "republic" );; line 104478 (wfb::capital sri_lanka colombo-sri_lanka );; line 104482 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_sri_lanka_provinces "provinces" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 104486 (wfb::administrative_divisions sri_lanka adm_div_sri_lanka_provinces 8 );; line 104486 (wfb::administrative_division_of sri_lanka adm_div_sri_lanka_provinces "Central" );; line 104486 (wfb::administrative_division_of sri_lanka adm_div_sri_lanka_provinces "North Central" );; line 104486 (wfb::administrative_division_of sri_lanka adm_div_sri_lanka_provinces "North Eastern" );; line 104486 (wfb::administrative_division_of sri_lanka adm_div_sri_lanka_provinces "North Western" );; line 104486 (wfb::administrative_division_of sri_lanka adm_div_sri_lanka_provinces "Sabaragamuwa" );; line 104486 (wfb::administrative_division_of sri_lanka adm_div_sri_lanka_provinces "Southern" );; line 104486 (wfb::administrative_division_of sri_lanka adm_div_sri_lanka_provinces "Uva" );; line 104486 (wfb::administrative_division_of sri_lanka adm_div_sri_lanka_provinces "Western" );; line 104486 (wfb::independence sri_lanka date_4_feb_1948 "UK" );; line 104491 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1948 );; line 104495 (wfb::comment national_holiday sri_lanka "1948" );; line 104495 (wfb::national_holiday sri_lanka "Independence and National Day" date_4_feb );; line 104495 (wfb::constitution sri_lanka "adopted 16 August 1978" );; line 104499 (wfb::legal_system sri_lanka "a highly complex mixture of English common law, Roman-Dutch, Muslim, Sinhalese, and customary law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 104503 (wfb::comment suffrage sri_lanka " universal" );; line 104509 (wfb::suffrage sri_lanka (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 104509 (wfb::comment executive_branch sri_lanka chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "note - Sirimavo BANDARANAIKE is the Prime Minister" );; line 104514 (wfb::comment executive_branch sri_lanka chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "in Sri Lanka the president is considered to be both the chief of state and the head of the government, this is in contrast to the more common practice of dividing the roles between the president and the prime minister when both offices exist" );; line 104514 (wfb::comment executive_branch sri_lanka chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "election last held 9 November 1994 (next to be held NA November 2000)" );; line 104514 (wfb::comment executive_branch sri_lanka chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "results - Chandrika Bandaranaike KUMARATUNGA (People's Alliance) 62%, Srima DISSANAYAKE (United National Party) 37%, other 1%" );; line 104514 (wfb::executive_branch sri_lanka chief_of_state "President Chandrika Bandaranaike KUMARATUNGA " date_12_nov_1994 );; line 104514 (wfb::executive_branch sri_lanka head_of_government "President Chandrika Bandaranaike KUMARATUNGA " date_12_nov_1994 );; line 104514 (wfb::comment executive_branch sri_lanka cabinet "appointed by the president in consultation with the prime minister" );; line 104523 (wfb::executive_branch sri_lanka cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 104523 (wfb::legislative_structure sri_lanka unicameral n/a );; line 104528 (wfb::legislative_branch sri_lanka "Parliament" "elections last held 16 August 1994 (next to be held by August 2000); results - PA 49.0%, UNP 44.0%, SLMC 1.8%, TULF 1.7%, SLPF 1.1%, EPDP 0.3%, UPF 0.3%, PLOTE 0.1%, other 1.7%; seats - (225 total) PA 105, UNP 94, EPDP 9, SLMC 7, TULF 5, PLOTE 3, SLPF 1, UPF 1" );; line 104530 (wfb::judicial_branch sri_lanka "Supreme Court" );; line 104537 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders sri_lanka "All Ceylon Tamil Congress (ACTC), C. G. Kumar PONNAMBALAM; Ceylon Workers Congress (CLDC), S. THONDAMAN; Communist Party, K. P. SILVA; Communist Party/Beijing (CP/B), N. SHANMUGATHASAN; Democratic People's Liberation Front (DPLF), leader NA; Democratic United National Front (DUNF), G. M. PREMACHANDRA; Eelam People's Democratic Party (EPDP), Douglas DEVANANDA; Eelam People's Revolutionary Liberation Front (EPRL), Suresh PREMACHANDRAN; Eelam Revolutionary Organization of Students (EROS), Shankar RAJI; Lanka Socialist Party/Trotskyite (LSSP, or Lanka Sama Samaja Party), Colin R. DE SILVA; Liberal Party (LP), Chanaka AMARATUNGA; New Socialist Party (NSSP, or Nava Sama Samaja Party), Vasudeva NANAYAKKARA; People's Alliance (PA), Chandrika Bandaranaike KUMARATUNGA; People's Liberation Organization of Tamil Eelam (PLOTE), Dharmalingam SIDARTHAN; People's United Front (MEP, or Mahajana Eksath Peramuna), Dinesh GUNAWARDENE; Sri Lanka Freedom Party (SLFP), Sirimavo BANDARANAIKE; Sri Lanka Muslim Congress (SLMC), M. H. M. ASHRAFF; Sri Lanka People's Party (SLMP, or Sri Lanka Mahajana Party), Ossie ABEYGUNASEKERA; Sri Lanka Progressive Front (SLPF), leader NA; Tamil Eelam Liberation Organization (TELO), leader NA; Tamil United Liberation Front (TULF), M. SIVASITHAMBARAM; United National Party (UNP), Ranil WICKREMANSINGHE; Upcountry People's Front (UPF), leader NA; several ethnic Tamil and Muslim parties, represented in either parliament or provincial councils" );; line 104541 (wfb::comment political_parties_and_leaders sri_lanka "the United Socialist Alliance (USA), which was formed in 1987 and included the NSSP, LSSP, SLMP, CP/M, and CP/B, was defunct as of 1993, following the formation of the People's Alliance Party (PA)" );; line 104561 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups sri_lanka "Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) and other smaller Tamil separatist groups; other radical chauvinist Sinhalese groups; Buddhist clergy; Sinhalese Buddhist lay groups; labor unions" );; line 104567 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka asdb );; line 104573 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka c );; line 104573 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka ccc );; line 104573 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka cp );; line 104573 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka escap );; line 104573 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka fao );; line 104573 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka g-24 );; line 104573 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka g-77 );; line 104573 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka gatt );; line 104573 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka iaea );; line 104573 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka ibrd );; line 104573 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka icao );; line 104573 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka icc );; line 104573 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka icftu );; line 104573 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka icrm );; line 104573 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka ida );; line 104573 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka ifad );; line 104573 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka ifc );; line 104573 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka ifrcs );; line 104573 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka ilo );; line 104573 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka imf );; line 104573 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka imo );; line 104573 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka inmarsat );; line 104573 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka intelsat );; line 104573 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka interpol );; line 104573 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka ioc );; line 104573 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka iom );; line 104573 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka iso );; line 104573 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka itu );; line 104573 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka nam );; line 104573 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka pca );; line 104573 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka saarc );; line 104573 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka un );; line 104573 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka unctad );; line 104573 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka unesco );; line 104573 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka unido );; line 104573 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka unu );; line 104573 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka upu );; line 104573 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka wcl );; line 104573 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka wftu );; line 104573 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka who );; line 104573 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka wipo );; line 104573 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka wmo );; line 104573 (wfb::member_of sri_lanka wto );; line 104573 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us sri_lanka chief_of_mission "Ambassador Jayantha DHANAPALA" );; line 104581 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us sri_lanka chancery "2148 Wyoming Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 104583 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us sri_lanka telephone "[1] (202) 483-4025 through 4028" );; line 104585 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us sri_lanka fax "[1] (202) 232-7181" );; line 104587 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us sri_lanka |consulate(s)| "New York" );; line 104589 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation sri_lanka chief_of_mission "Ambassador Teresita C. SCHAFFER" );; line 104594 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation sri_lanka embassy "210 Galle Road, Colombo 3" );; line 104596 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation sri_lanka mailing_address "P. O. Box 106, Colombo" );; line 104598 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation sri_lanka telephone "[94] (1) 448007" );; line 104600 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation sri_lanka fax "[94] (1) 437345" );; line 104602 (wfb::flag sri_lanka "yellow with two panels; the smaller hoist-side panel has two equal vertical bands of green (hoist side) and orange; the other panel is a large dark red rectangle with a yellow lion holding a sword, and there is a yellow bo leaf in each corner; the yellow field appears as a border that goes around the entire flag and extends between the two panels" );; line 104606 (wfb::overview sri_lanka "Industry - dominated by the fast-growing apparel industry - has surpassed agriculture as the main source of export earnings and accounts for over 16% of GDP. The economy has been plagued by high rates of unemployment since the late 1970s. Economic growth, which has been depressed by ethnic unrest, accelerated in 1991-94 as domestic conditions began to improve and conditions for foreign investment brightened. Currently, however, the new government's emphasis on populist measures has clouded Sri Lanka's economic prospects." );; line 104615 (wfb::estimation-date national_product sri_lanka date_1994 );; line 104626 (wfb::national_product sri_lanka (* 57.6e9 $) );; line 104626 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate sri_lanka date_1994 );; line 104630 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate sri_lanka (* 5 %) );; line 104630 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita sri_lanka date_1994 );; line 104634 (wfb::national_product_per_capita sri_lanka (* 3190 $) );; line 104634 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| sri_lanka "12% (1994 est.)" );; line 104638 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate sri_lanka date_1993 );; line 104642 (wfb::unemployment_rate sri_lanka (* 13.6 %) );; line 104642 (wfb::budget sri_lanka revenues (* 2.3e9 $) );; line 104647 (wfb::measurement-date budget sri_lanka date_1993 );; line 104649 (wfb::budget sri_lanka expenditures (* 3.6e9 $) );; line 104649 (wfb::budget sri_lanka capital_expenditures (* 1.5e9 $) );; line 104649 (wfb::exports sri_lanka (* 2.9e9 $) );; line 104654 (wfb::exports sri_lanka commodities garments_and_textiles n/a );; line 104656 (wfb::exports sri_lanka commodities teas n/a );; line 104656 (wfb::exports sri_lanka commodities diamonds-commodity n/a );; line 104656 (wfb::exports sri_lanka commodities petroleum_products-commodity n/a );; line 104656 (wfb::exports sri_lanka commodities rubber_products n/a );; line 104656 (wfb::exports sri_lanka commodities marine_products-commodity n/a );; line 104656 (wfb::exports sri_lanka commodities graphite-commodity n/a );; line 104656 (wfb::measurement-date exports sri_lanka date_1993 );; line 104660 (wfb::exports sri_lanka partners us (* 35.2 %) );; line 104660 (wfb::exports sri_lanka partners germany n/a );; line 104660 (wfb::exports sri_lanka partners uk n/a );; line 104660 (wfb::exports sri_lanka partners belgium-luxembourg n/a );; line 104660 (wfb::exports sri_lanka partners japan n/a );; line 104660 (wfb::exports sri_lanka partners netherlands n/a );; line 104660 (wfb::exports sri_lanka partners france n/a );; line 104660 (wfb::imports sri_lanka (* 4e9 $) );; line 104665 (wfb::imports sri_lanka commodities textiles_and_textile_materials n/a );; line 104667 (wfb::imports sri_lanka commodities machinery_and_equipment n/a );; line 104667 (wfb::imports sri_lanka commodities transport_equipment n/a );; line 104667 (wfb::imports sri_lanka commodities petroleum-commodity n/a );; line 104667 (wfb::imports sri_lanka commodities building_materials n/a );; line 104667 (wfb::measurement-date imports sri_lanka date_1993 );; line 104670 (wfb::imports sri_lanka partners japan n/a );; line 104670 (wfb::imports sri_lanka partners india n/a );; line 104670 (wfb::imports sri_lanka partners hong_kong n/a );; line 104670 (wfb::imports sri_lanka partners south_korea n/a );; line 104670 (wfb::imports sri_lanka partners taiwan n/a );; line 104670 (wfb::imports sri_lanka partners singapore n/a );; line 104670 (wfb::imports sri_lanka partners china n/a );; line 104670 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt sri_lanka date_1993 );; line 104675 (wfb::external_debt sri_lanka (* 7.2e9 $) );; line 104675 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 104679 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production sri_lanka date_1993 );; line 104679 (wfb::industrial_production sri_lanka growth_rate (* 9 %) );; line 104679 (wfb::industrial_production sri_lanka accounts_for (* 16 %_of_gdp) );; line 104679 (wfb::electricity sri_lanka capacity (* 1410000 kw) );; line 104684 (wfb::electricity sri_lanka production (* 3.2e9 kwh) );; line 104686 (wfb::measurement-date electricity sri_lanka consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 104688 (wfb::electricity sri_lanka consumption_per_capita (* 168 kwh) );; line 104688 (wfb::industry sri_lanka processing_of_rubber );; line 104692 (wfb::industry sri_lanka tea-industry );; line 104692 (wfb::industry sri_lanka coconuts-industry );; line 104692 (wfb::industry sri_lanka clothing );; line 104692 (wfb::industry sri_lanka cement );; line 104692 (wfb::industry sri_lanka petroleum_refining );; line 104692 (wfb::industry sri_lanka textiles );; line 104692 (wfb::industry sri_lanka tobacco-industry );; line 104692 (wfb::agriculture sri_lanka "accounts for one-fourth of GDP; field crops - rice, sugarcane, grains, pulses, oilseeds, roots, spices; cash crops - tea, rubber, coconuts; animal products - milk, eggs, hides, meat; not self-sufficient in rice production" );; line 104697 (wfb::economic_aid sri_lanka recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $1 billion; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1980-89), $5.1 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $169 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $369 million" );; line 104705 (wfb::abbreviation sri_lankan_rupee "SLRe" );; line 104712 (wfb::currency sri_lanka sri_lankan_rupee 100 cents );; line 104712 (wfb::exchange_rates sri_lanka "Sri Lankan rupees (SLRes) per US$1 - 50.115 (January 1995), 49.415 (1994), 48.322 (1993), 43.830 (1992), 41.372 (1991), 40.063 (1990)" );; line 104716 (wfb::fiscal_year sri_lanka date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 104721 (wfb::railroads sri_lanka total "1,948 km" );; line 104727 (wfb::railroads sri_lanka broad_gauge "1,948 km 1.868-m gauge (102 km double track) (1990)" );; line 104729 (wfb::highways sri_lanka total (* 75263 km) );; line 104734 (wfb::highways sri_lanka mostly_bituminous_treated (* 27637 km) );; line 104736 (wfb::highways sri_lanka (union crushed_stone gravel ) (* 32887 km) );; line 104738 (wfb::highways sri_lanka (union improved unimproved_earth ) (* 14739 km) );; line 104738 (wfb::inland_waterways sri_lanka "430 km; navigable by shallow-draft craft" );; line 104743 (wfb::measurement-date pipelines date_1987 );; line 104747 (wfb::comment pipelines sri_lanka "1987" );; line 104747 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil_and_petroleum_products-pipeline-type (* 62 km) );; line 104747 (wfb::port sri_lanka colombo-sri_lanka );; line 104751 (wfb::port sri_lanka galle-sri_lanka );; line 104751 (wfb::port sri_lanka jaffna-sri_lanka );; line 104751 (wfb::port sri_lanka trincomalee-sri_lanka );; line 104751 (wfb::merchant_marine sri_lanka total "26 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 289,115 GRT/453,609 DWT" );; line 104756 (wfb::merchant_marine sri_lanka ships_by_type "bulk 2, cargo 12, container 1, oil tanker 3, refrigerated cargo 8" );; line 104758 (wfb::airports sri_lanka total 14 );; line 104764 (wfb::airports sri_lanka |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 104766 (wfb::airports sri_lanka |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 5 );; line 104768 (wfb::airports sri_lanka |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 7 );; line 104770 (wfb::airports sri_lanka |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 1 );; line 104772 (wfb::telephone_system sri_lanka "114,000 telephones (1982); very inadequate domestic service, good international service" );; line 104777 (wfb::telephone_system sri_lanka local "NA" );; line 104780 (wfb::telephone_system sri_lanka intercity "NA" );; line 104782 (wfb::telephone_system sri_lanka international "submarine cables extend to Indonesia and Djibouti; 2 INTELSAT (Indian Ocean) earth stations" );; line 104784 (wfb::radio sri_lanka broadcast_stations am 12 );; line 104790 (wfb::radio sri_lanka broadcast_stations fm 5 );; line 104790 (wfb::radio sri_lanka broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 104790 (wfb::radio sri_lanka radios n/a );; line 104792 (wfb::television sri_lanka broadcast_stations 5 );; line 104797 (wfb::television sri_lanka televisions n/a );; line 104799 (wfb::defense_branch sri_lanka army_sri_lanka );; line 104805 (wfb::defense_branch sri_lanka navy_sri_lanka );; line 104805 (wfb::defense_branch sri_lanka air_force_sri_lanka );; line 104805 (wfb::defense_branch sri_lanka police_force_sri_lanka );; line 104805 (wfb::manpower_availability sri_lanka "males age 15-49 4,990,661; males fit for military service 3,888,372; males reach military age (18) annually 178,926 (1995 est.)" );; line 104809 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures sri_lanka date_1994 );; line 104814 (wfb::defense_expenditures sri_lanka (* 412e6 $) );; line 104814 (wfb::defense_expenditures sri_lanka (* 3.6 %_of_gdp) );; line 104814 (wfb::markup-parameter figure sudan "graphno=\"su.tif\"" );; line 104820 (wfb::location sudan "Northern Africa, bordering the Red Sea, between Egypt and Eritrea" );; line 104824 (wfb::map_references sudan "Africa" );; line 104828 (wfb::area sudan total_area (* 2505810 sq_km) );; line 104833 (wfb::area sudan land_area (* 2.376e6 sq_km) );; line 104835 (wfb::area sudan comparative_area "slightly more than one-quarter the size of the US" );; line 104837 (wfb::borders sudan total (* 7687 km) );; line 104841 (wfb::borders sudan central_african_republic (* 1165 km) );; line 104841 (wfb::borders sudan chad (* 1360 km) );; line 104841 (wfb::borders sudan egypt (* 1273 km) );; line 104841 (wfb::borders sudan eritrea (* 605 km) );; line 104841 (wfb::borders sudan ethiopia (* 1606 km) );; line 104841 (wfb::borders sudan kenya (* 232 km) );; line 104841 (wfb::borders sudan libya (* 383 km) );; line 104841 (wfb::borders sudan uganda (* 435 km) );; line 104841 (wfb::borders sudan zaire (* 628 km) );; line 104841 (wfb::coastline sudan (* 853 km) );; line 104847 (wfb::maritime_claims sudan contiguous_zone (* 18 nm) );; line 104852 (wfb::maritime_claims sudan territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 104856 (wfb::international_disputes sudan "administrative boundary with Kenya does not coincide with international boundary" );; line 104860 (wfb::international_disputes sudan "administrative boundary with Egypt does not coincide with international boundary creating the \"Hala'ib Triangle,\" a barren area of 20,580 sq km, tensions over this disputed area began to escalate in 1992 and remain high" );; line 104860 (wfb::climate sudan "tropical in south" );; line 104868 (wfb::climate sudan "arid desert in north" );; line 104868 (wfb::climate sudan "rainy season (April to October)" );; line 104868 (wfb::terrain sudan "generally flat, featureless plain" );; line 104873 (wfb::terrain sudan "mountains in east and west" );; line 104873 (wfb::natural-resource sudan small_reserves_of_petroleum );; line 104877 (wfb::natural-resource sudan iron_ore );; line 104877 (wfb::natural-resource sudan copper );; line 104877 (wfb::natural-resource sudan chromium_ore );; line 104877 (wfb::natural-resource sudan zinc );; line 104877 (wfb::natural-resource sudan tungsten );; line 104877 (wfb::natural-resource sudan mica );; line 104877 (wfb::natural-resource sudan silver );; line 104877 (wfb::natural-resource sudan gold );; line 104877 (wfb::land_use sudan arable_land (* 5 %) );; line 104883 (wfb::land_use sudan permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 104885 (wfb::land_use sudan meadows_and_pastures (* 24 %) );; line 104887 (wfb::land_use sudan forest_and_woodland (* 20 %) );; line 104889 (wfb::land_use sudan other (* 51 %) );; line 104891 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land sudan date_1989 );; line 104895 (wfb::irrigated_land sudan (* 18900 sq_km) );; line 104895 (wfb::environment sudan current_issues "inadequate supplies of potable water" );; line 104900 (wfb::environment sudan current_issues "wildlife populations threatened by excessive hunting" );; line 104900 (wfb::environment sudan current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 104900 (wfb::environment sudan current_issues "desertification" );; line 104900 (wfb::environment sudan natural_hazards "dust storms" );; line 104903 (wfb::environment sudan international_agreements "party to - Climate Change, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection" );; line 104905 (wfb::environment sudan international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Desertification" );; line 104905 (wfb::note sudan "largest country in Africa; dominated by the Nile and its tributaries" );; line 104911 (wfb::estimation-date population sudan date_jul_1995 );; line 104918 (wfb::population sudan 30120420 );; line 104918 (wfb::age_structure sudan 0-14_years (* 46 %) );; line 104923 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex sudan 0-14_years female 6801001 );; line 104923 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex sudan 0-14_years male 7124892 );; line 104923 (wfb::age_structure sudan 15-64_years (* 52 %) );; line 104925 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex sudan 15-64_years female 7706864 );; line 104925 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex sudan 15-64_years male 7830980 );; line 104925 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure sudan 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 104927 (wfb::age_structure sudan 65_years_and_over (* 2 %) );; line 104927 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex sudan 65_years_and_over female 280297 );; line 104927 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex sudan 65_years_and_over male 376386 );; line 104927 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate sudan date_1995 );; line 104931 (wfb::population_growth_rate sudan (* 2.35 %) );; line 104931 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate sudan date_1995 );; line 104935 (wfb::birth_rate sudan (* 41.29 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 104935 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate sudan date_1995 );; line 104939 (wfb::death_rate sudan (* 11.74 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 104939 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate sudan date_1995 );; line 104943 (wfb::net_migration_rate sudan (* n/a |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 104943 (wfb::comment net_migration_rate sudan "the flow of refugees from the civil war in Sudan into neighboring countries continues, often at the rate of tens of thousands annually; Uganda was the main recipient of Sudanese refugees in the past year; repatriation of Eritrean and Ethiopean refugees in Sudan continues" );; line 104945 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate sudan date_1995 );; line 104952 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate sudan (* 77.7 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 104952 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth sudan total_population (* 54.71 years) );; line 104957 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth sudan male (* 53.81 years) );; line 104959 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth sudan female date_1995 );; line 104961 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth sudan female (* 55.65 years) );; line 104961 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate sudan date_1995 );; line 104965 (wfb::total_fertility_rate sudan (* 6 children_born/woman) );; line 104965 (wfb::nationality sudan noun "Sudanese (singular and plural)" );; line 104970 (wfb::nationality sudan adjective "Sudanese" );; line 104972 (wfb::ethnic-entity sudan black (* 52 %) );; line 104976 (wfb::ethnic-entity sudan arab (* 39 %) );; line 104976 (wfb::ethnic-entity sudan beja (* 6 %) );; line 104976 (wfb::ethnic-entity sudan foreigners (* 2 %) );; line 104976 (wfb::comment religions sudan "mostly in south and Khartoum" );; line 104980 (wfb::comment religion "in north" );; line 104980 (wfb::religion sudan sunni_muslim (* 70 %) );; line 104980 (wfb::religion sudan indigenous_beliefs (* 25 %) );; line 104980 (wfb::religion sudan christian (* 5 %) );; line 104980 (wfb::language sudan arabic n/a );; line 104985 (wfb::comment language sudan arabic "official" );; line 104985 (wfb::language sudan nubian n/a );; line 104985 (wfb::language sudan ta_bedawie n/a );; line 104985 (wfb::language sudan diverse_dialects_of_nilotic n/a );; line 104985 (wfb::language sudan nilo-hamitic n/a );; line 104985 (wfb::language sudan sudanic_languages n/a );; line 104985 (wfb::language sudan english n/a );; line 104985 (wfb::comment languages sudan "program of Arabization in process" );; line 104988 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition sudan date_1983 );; line 104992 (wfb::literacy-condition sudan "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 104992 (wfb::literacy sudan total_population (* 32 %) );; line 104994 (wfb::literacy sudan male (* 44 %) );; line 104996 (wfb::literacy sudan female (* 21 %) );; line 104998 (wfb::total_labor_force sudan 6.5e6 );; line 105002 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation sudan agriculture (* 80 %) );; line 105004 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation sudan industry_and_commerce (* 10 %) );; line 105004 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation sudan government (* 6 %) );; line 105004 (wfb::comment labor_force sudan "labor shortages for almost all categories of skilled employment (1983 est.)" );; line 105006 (wfb::names sudan conventional_long_form "Republic of the Sudan" );; line 105013 (wfb::names sudan conventional_short_form "Sudan" );; line 105015 (wfb::names sudan local_long_form "Jumhuriyat as-Sudan" );; line 105017 (wfb::names sudan local_short_form "As-Sudan" );; line 105019 (wfb::names sudan former "Anglo-Egyptian Sudan" );; line 105021 (wfb::digraph sudan "SU" );; line 105025 (wfb::type sudan "ruling military junta - Revolutionary Command Council (RCC) - dissolved on 16 October 1993 and government civilianized" );; line 105029 (wfb::capital sudan khartoum-sudan );; line 105034 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_sudan_states "states" "wilayat" "wilayat or wilayah" );; line 105038 (wfb::administrative_divisions sudan adm_div_sudan_states 9 );; line 105038 (wfb::comment administrative_divisions sudan "on 14 February 1994, the 9 states comprising Sudan were divided into 26 new states; the new state boundary alignments are undetermined" );; line 105042 (wfb::independence sudan date_1_jan_1956 "Egypt and UK" );; line 105047 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1956 );; line 105051 (wfb::comment national_holiday sudan "1956" );; line 105051 (wfb::national_holiday sudan "Independence Day" date_1_jan );; line 105051 (wfb::constitution sudan "12 April 1973, suspended following coup of 6 April 1985; interim constitution of 10 October 1985 suspended following coup of 30 June 1989" );; line 105055 (wfb::legal_system sudan "based on English common law and Islamic law; as of 20 January 1991, the now defunct Revolutionary Command Council imposed Islamic law in the northern states; the council is still studying criminal provisions under Islamic law; Islamic law applies to all residents of the northern states regardless of their religion; some separate religious courts; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations" );; line 105060 (wfb::comment executive_branch sudan chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "prior to 16 October 1993, BASHIR served concurrently as Chief of State, Chairman of the RCC, Prime Minister, and Minister of Defence (since 30 June 1989)" );; line 105074 (wfb::comment executive_branch sudan chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "First Vice President Major General al-Zubayr Muhammad SALIH (since 19 October 1993)" );; line 105074 (wfb::comment executive_branch sudan chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "Second Vice President (Police) Maj. General George KONGOR (since NA February 1994)" );; line 105074 (wfb::comment executive_branch sudan chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "note - upon its dissolution on 16 October 1993, the RCC's executive and legislative powers were devolved to the President and the Transitional National Assembly (TNA), Sudan's appointed legislative body" );; line 105074 (wfb::executive_branch sudan chief_of_state "President Lt. General Umar Hasan Ahmad al-BASHIR " date_16_oct_1993 );; line 105074 (wfb::executive_branch sudan head_of_government "President Lt. General Umar Hasan Ahmad al-BASHIR " date_16_oct_1993 );; line 105074 (wfb::comment executive_branch sudan cabinet "appointed by the president" );; line 105084 (wfb::comment executive_branch sudan cabinet "note - on 30 October 1993, President BASHIR announced a new, predominantly civilian cabinet, consisting of 20 federal ministers, most of whom retained their previous cabinet positions" );; line 105084 (wfb::comment executive_branch sudan cabinet "on 9 February 1995, he abolished three ministries and redivided their portfolios to create several new ministries" );; line 105084 (wfb::comment executive_branch sudan cabinet "these changes increased National Islamic Front presence at the ministerial level and consolidated its control over the Ministry of Foreign Affairs" );; line 105084 (wfb::comment executive_branch sudan cabinet "President BASHIR's government is dominated by members of Sudan's National Islamic Front, a fundamentalist political organization formed from the Muslim Brotherhood in 1986" );; line 105084 (wfb::comment executive_branch sudan cabinet "front leader Hasan al-TURABI controls Khartoum's overall domestic and foreign policies" );; line 105084 (wfb::executive_branch sudan cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 105084 (wfb::judicial_branch sudan "Supreme Court, Special Revolutionary Courts" );; line 105103 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders sudan "none; banned following 30 June 1989 coup" );; line 105107 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups sudan "National Islamic Front, Hasan al-TURABI" );; line 105111 (wfb::member_of sudan abeda );; line 105115 (wfb::member_of sudan acp );; line 105115 (wfb::member_of sudan afdb );; line 105115 (wfb::member_of sudan afesd );; line 105115 (wfb::member_of sudan al );; line 105115 (wfb::member_of sudan amf );; line 105115 (wfb::member_of sudan caeu );; line 105115 (wfb::member_of sudan ccc );; line 105115 (wfb::member_of sudan eca );; line 105115 (wfb::member_of sudan fao );; line 105115 (wfb::member_of sudan g-77 );; line 105115 (wfb::member_of sudan iaea );; line 105115 (wfb::member_of sudan ibrd );; line 105115 (wfb::member_of sudan icao );; line 105115 (wfb::member_of sudan icrm );; line 105115 (wfb::member_of sudan ida );; line 105115 (wfb::member_of sudan idb );; line 105115 (wfb::member_of sudan ifad );; line 105115 (wfb::member_of sudan ifc );; line 105115 (wfb::member_of sudan igadd );; line 105115 (wfb::member_of sudan ilo );; line 105115 (wfb::member_of sudan imf );; line 105115 (wfb::member_of sudan imo );; line 105115 (wfb::member_of sudan intelsat );; line 105115 (wfb::member_of sudan interpol );; line 105115 (wfb::member_of sudan ioc );; line 105115 (wfb::member_of sudan itu );; line 105115 (wfb::member_of sudan nam );; line 105115 (wfb::member_of sudan oau );; line 105115 (wfb::member_of sudan oic );; line 105115 (wfb::member_of sudan pca );; line 105115 (wfb::member_of sudan un );; line 105115 (wfb::member_of sudan unctad );; line 105115 (wfb::member_of sudan unesco );; line 105115 (wfb::member_of sudan unhcr );; line 105115 (wfb::member_of sudan unido );; line 105115 (wfb::member_of sudan unu );; line 105115 (wfb::member_of sudan upu );; line 105115 (wfb::member_of sudan wftu );; line 105115 (wfb::member_of sudan who );; line 105115 (wfb::member_of sudan wipo );; line 105115 (wfb::member_of sudan wmo );; line 105115 (wfb::member_of sudan wto );; line 105115 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us sudan chief_of_mission "Ambassador Ahmad SULAYMAN" );; line 105123 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us sudan chancery "2210 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 105125 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us sudan telephone "[1] (202) 338-8565 through 8570" );; line 105127 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us sudan fax "[1] (202) 667-2406" );; line 105129 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation sudan chief_of_mission "Ambassador Donald K. PETTERSON" );; line 105134 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation sudan embassy "Shar'ia Ali Abdul Latif, Khartoum" );; line 105136 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation sudan mailing_address "P. O. Box 699, Khartoum; APO AE 09829" );; line 105138 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation sudan telephone "74700, 74611 (operator assistance required)" );; line 105140 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation sudan fax "Telex 22619 AMEMSD" );; line 105142 (wfb::flag sudan "three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and black with a green isosceles triangle based on the hoist side" );; line 105146 (wfb::overview sudan "Sudan is buffeted by civil war, chronic political instability, adverse weather, high inflation, a drop in remittances from abroad, and counterproductive economic policies. Governmental entities account for more than 70% of new investment. The private sector's main areas of activity are agriculture and trading, with most private industrial investment predating 1980. Agriculture employs 80% of the work force. Industry mainly processes agricultural items. Sluggish economic performance over the past decade, attributable largely to declining annual rainfall, has reduced levels of per capita income and consumption. A large foreign debt and huge arrearages continue to cause difficulties. In 1990 the International Monetary Fund took the unusual step of declaring Sudan noncooperative because of its nonpayment of arrearages to the Fund. After Sudan backtracked on promised reforms in 1992-93, the IMF threatened to expel Sudan from the Fund. To avoid expulsion, Khartoum agreed to make payments on its arrears to the Fund, liberalize exchange rates, and reduce subsidies. These measures have been partially implemented. The government's continued prosecution of the civil war and its growing international isolation led to a further deterioration of the nonagricultural sectors of the economy during 1994. Agriculture, on the other hand, after several disappointing years, enjoyed a bumper fall harvest in 1994; its strong performance produced an overall growth rate in GDP of perhaps 7%." );; line 105152 (wfb::estimation-date national_product sudan date_1994 );; line 105175 (wfb::national_product sudan (* 23.7e9 $) );; line 105175 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate sudan date_1994 );; line 105179 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate sudan (* 7 %) );; line 105179 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita sudan date_1994 );; line 105183 (wfb::national_product_per_capita sudan (* 870 $) );; line 105183 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| sudan "112% (FY93/94 est.)" );; line 105187 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year unemployment_rate sudan 92 );; line 105191 (wfb::unemployment_rate sudan (* 30 %) );; line 105191 (wfb::budget sudan revenues (* 493e6 $) );; line 105196 (wfb::estimation-date budget sudan date_1994 );; line 105198 (wfb::budget sudan expenditures (* 1.1e9 $) );; line 105198 (wfb::budget sudan capital_expenditures (* 225e6 $) );; line 105198 (wfb::exports sudan (* 419e6 $) );; line 105203 (wfb::exports sudan commodities gum_arabic (* 29 %) );; line 105205 (wfb::exports sudan commodities livestock/meat (* 24 %) );; line 105205 (wfb::exports sudan commodities cotton (* 13 %) );; line 105205 (wfb::exports sudan commodities sesame n/a );; line 105205 (wfb::exports sudan commodities peanuts n/a );; line 105205 (wfb::for-fiscal-year exports sudan 87 );; line 105207 (wfb::exports sudan partners western_europe (* 46 %) );; line 105207 (wfb::exports sudan partners saudi_arabia (* 14 %) );; line 105207 (wfb::exports sudan partners eastern_europe (* 9 %) );; line 105207 (wfb::exports sudan partners japan (* 9 %) );; line 105207 (wfb::exports sudan partners us (* 3 %) );; line 105207 (wfb::imports sudan (* 1.7e9 $) );; line 105212 (wfb::imports sudan commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 105214 (wfb::imports sudan commodities petroleum_products-commodity n/a );; line 105214 (wfb::imports sudan commodities manufactured_goods n/a );; line 105214 (wfb::imports sudan commodities machinery_and_equipment n/a );; line 105214 (wfb::imports sudan commodities medicines_and_chemicals n/a );; line 105214 (wfb::imports sudan commodities textiles-commodity n/a );; line 105214 (wfb::for-fiscal-year imports sudan 87 );; line 105217 (wfb::imports sudan partners western_europe (* 32 %) );; line 105217 (wfb::imports sudan partners africa_and_asia (* 15 %) );; line 105217 (wfb::imports sudan partners us (* 13 %) );; line 105217 (wfb::imports sudan partners eastern_europe (* 3 %) );; line 105217 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt sudan date_jun_1993 );; line 105222 (wfb::external_debt sudan (* 17e9 $) );; line 105222 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year industrial_production 92 );; line 105226 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year industrial_production sudan 92 );; line 105226 (wfb::industrial_production sudan growth_rate (* 6.8 %) );; line 105226 (wfb::industrial_production sudan accounts_for (* 11 %_of_gdp) );; line 105226 (wfb::electricity sudan capacity (* 500000 kw) );; line 105231 (wfb::electricity sudan production (* 1.3e9 kwh) );; line 105233 (wfb::measurement-date electricity sudan consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 105235 (wfb::electricity sudan consumption_per_capita (* 42 kwh) );; line 105235 (wfb::industry sudan cotton_ginning );; line 105239 (wfb::industry sudan textiles );; line 105239 (wfb::industry sudan cement );; line 105239 (wfb::industry sudan edible_oils );; line 105239 (wfb::industry sudan sugar );; line 105239 (wfb::industry sudan soap_distilling );; line 105239 (wfb::industry sudan shoes );; line 105239 (wfb::industry sudan petroleum_refining );; line 105239 (wfb::agriculture sudan "accounts for 35% of GDP; major products - cotton, oilseeds, sorghum, millet, wheat, gum arabic, sheep; marginally self-sufficient in most foods" );; line 105244 (wfb::economic_aid sudan recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $1.5 billion; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $5.1 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $3.1 billion; Communist countries (1970-89), $588 million" );; line 105251 (wfb::abbreviation sudanese_pound "#Sd" );; line 105258 (wfb::currency sudan sudanese_pound 100 piastres );; line 105258 (wfb::exchange_rates sudan "official rate - Sudanese pounds (#Sd) per US$1 - 434.8 (January 1995), 277.8 (1994), 153.8 (1993), 69.4 (1992), 5.4288 (1991), 4.5004 (1990); note - the commercial rate is 300 Sudanese pounds per US$1" );; line 105262 (wfb::fiscal_year sudan date_1_jul date_30_jun );; line 105268 (wfb::railroads sudan total "5,516 km" );; line 105274 (wfb::railroads sudan narrow_gauge "4,800 km 1.067-m gauge; 716 km 1.6096-m gauge plantation line" );; line 105276 (wfb::highways sudan total (* 20703 km) );; line 105281 (wfb::highways sudan bituminous_treated (* 2000 km) );; line 105283 (wfb::highways sudan gravel (* 4000 km) );; line 105285 (wfb::highways sudan improved_earth (* 2304 km) );; line 105285 (wfb::highways sudan unimproved_earth (* 12399 km) );; line 105285 (wfb::inland_waterways sudan "5,310 km navigable" );; line 105290 (wfb::pipelines refined_products (* 815 km) );; line 105294 (wfb::port sudan juba-sudan );; line 105298 (wfb::port sudan khartoum-sudan );; line 105298 (wfb::port sudan kusti-sudan );; line 105298 (wfb::port sudan malakal-sudan );; line 105298 (wfb::port sudan nimule-sudan );; line 105298 (wfb::port sudan port_sudan-sudan );; line 105298 (wfb::port sudan sawakin-sudan );; line 105298 (wfb::merchant_marine sudan total "5 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 43,024 GRT/122,379 DWT" );; line 105303 (wfb::merchant_marine sudan ships_by_type "cargo 3, roll-on/roll-off cargo 2" );; line 105305 (wfb::airports sudan total 70 );; line 105310 (wfb::airports sudan |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 105312 (wfb::airports sudan |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 5 );; line 105314 (wfb::airports sudan |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 3 );; line 105316 (wfb::airports sudan with_paved_runways_under_914_m 13 );; line 105318 (wfb::airports sudan |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 105320 (wfb::airports sudan |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 14 );; line 105322 (wfb::airports sudan |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 33 );; line 105324 (wfb::telephone_system sudan "NA telephones; large, well-equipped system by African standards, but barely adequate and poorly maintained by modern standards" );; line 105329 (wfb::telephone_system sudan local "NA" );; line 105332 (wfb::telephone_system sudan intercity "consists of microwave radio relay, cable, radio communications, troposcatter, and a domestic satellite system with 14 stations" );; line 105334 (wfb::telephone_system sudan international "1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) and 1 ARABSAT earth station" );; line 105337 (wfb::radio sudan broadcast_stations am 11 );; line 105342 (wfb::radio sudan broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 105342 (wfb::radio sudan broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 105342 (wfb::radio sudan radios n/a );; line 105344 (wfb::television sudan broadcast_stations 3 );; line 105349 (wfb::television sudan televisions n/a );; line 105351 (wfb::defense_branch sudan army_sudan );; line 105357 (wfb::defense_branch sudan navy_sudan );; line 105357 (wfb::defense_branch sudan air_force_sudan );; line 105357 (wfb::defense_branch sudan popular_defense_force_militia_sudan );; line 105357 (wfb::manpower_availability sudan "males age 15-49 6,806,588; males fit for military service 4,185,206; males reach military age (18) annually 313,958 (1995 est.)" );; line 105361 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year defense_expenditures sudan 93 );; line 105366 (wfb::defense_expenditures sudan (* 600e6 $) );; line 105366 (wfb::defense_expenditures sudan (* 7.3 %_of_gdp) );; line 105366 (wfb::markup-parameter figure suriname "graphno=\"ns.tif\"" );; line 105373 (wfb::location suriname "Northern South America, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between French Guiana and Guyana" );; line 105377 (wfb::map_references suriname "South America" );; line 105382 (wfb::area suriname total_area (* 163270 sq_km) );; line 105387 (wfb::area suriname land_area (* 161470 sq_km) );; line 105389 (wfb::area suriname comparative_area "slightly larger than Georgia" );; line 105391 (wfb::borders suriname total (* 1707 km) );; line 105395 (wfb::borders suriname brazil (* 597 km) );; line 105395 (wfb::borders suriname french_guiana (* 510 km) );; line 105395 (wfb::borders suriname guyana (* 600 km) );; line 105395 (wfb::coastline suriname (* 386 km) );; line 105400 (wfb::maritime_claims suriname exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 105405 (wfb::maritime_claims suriname territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 105407 (wfb::international_disputes suriname "claims area in French Guiana between Litani Rivier and Riviere Marouini (both headwaters of the Lawa Rivier)" );; line 105411 (wfb::international_disputes suriname "claims area in Guyana between New (Upper Courantyne) and Courantyne/Koetari Rivers (all headwaters of the Courantyne)" );; line 105411 (wfb::climate suriname "tropical" );; line 105418 (wfb::climate suriname "moderated by trade winds" );; line 105418 (wfb::terrain suriname "mostly rolling hills" );; line 105422 (wfb::terrain suriname "narrow coastal plain with swamps" );; line 105422 (wfb::natural-resource suriname timber );; line 105426 (wfb::natural-resource suriname hydropower_potential );; line 105426 (wfb::natural-resource suriname fish );; line 105426 (wfb::natural-resource suriname shrimp-natural-resource );; line 105426 (wfb::natural-resource suriname bauxite );; line 105426 (wfb::natural-resource suriname iron_ore );; line 105426 (wfb::natural-resource suriname small_amounts_of_nickel );; line 105426 (wfb::natural-resource suriname copper );; line 105426 (wfb::natural-resource suriname platinum );; line 105426 (wfb::natural-resource suriname gold );; line 105426 (wfb::land_use suriname permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 105434 (wfb::land_use suriname meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 105436 (wfb::land_use suriname forest_and_woodland (* 97 %) );; line 105438 (wfb::land_use suriname other (* 3 %) );; line 105440 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land suriname date_1989 );; line 105444 (wfb::irrigated_land suriname (* 590 sq_km) );; line 105444 (wfb::environment suriname current_issues "deforestation as foreign producers obtain timber concessions" );; line 105449 (wfb::environment suriname natural_hazards "NA" );; line 105451 (wfb::environment suriname international_agreements "party to - Endangered Species, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ship Pollution, Wetlands" );; line 105453 (wfb::environment suriname international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Law of the Sea" );; line 105453 (wfb::note suriname "mostly tropical rain forest; great diversity of flora and fauna which for the most part is not threatened because of the lack of development; relatively small population most of which lives along the coast" );; line 105459 (wfb::estimation-date population suriname date_jul_1995 );; line 105467 (wfb::population suriname 429544 );; line 105467 (wfb::age_structure suriname 0-14_years (* 34 %) );; line 105472 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex suriname 0-14_years female 70845 );; line 105472 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex suriname 0-14_years male 74330 );; line 105472 (wfb::age_structure suriname 15-64_years (* 61 %) );; line 105474 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex suriname 15-64_years female 130153 );; line 105474 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex suriname 15-64_years male 133693 );; line 105474 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure suriname 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 105476 (wfb::age_structure suriname 65_years_and_over (* 5 %) );; line 105476 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex suriname 65_years_and_over female 10897 );; line 105476 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex suriname 65_years_and_over male 9626 );; line 105476 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate suriname date_1995 );; line 105480 (wfb::population_growth_rate suriname (* 1.58 %) );; line 105480 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate suriname date_1995 );; line 105484 (wfb::birth_rate suriname (* 24.72 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 105484 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate suriname date_1995 );; line 105488 (wfb::death_rate suriname (* 5.91 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 105488 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate suriname date_1995 );; line 105492 (wfb::net_migration_rate suriname (* -3 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 105492 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate suriname date_1995 );; line 105496 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate suriname (* 30.2 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 105496 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth suriname total_population (* 69.76 years) );; line 105501 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth suriname male (* 67.24 years) );; line 105503 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth suriname female date_1995 );; line 105505 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth suriname female (* 72.41 years) );; line 105505 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate suriname date_1995 );; line 105509 (wfb::total_fertility_rate suriname (* 2.73 children_born/woman) );; line 105509 (wfb::nationality suriname noun "Surinamer(s)" );; line 105514 (wfb::nationality suriname adjective "Surinamese" );; line 105516 (wfb::religion suriname hindu (* 27.4 %) );; line 105529 (wfb::religion suriname muslim (* 19.6 %) );; line 105529 (wfb::religion suriname roman_catholic (* 22.8 %) );; line 105529 (wfb::comment religion "predominantly Moravian" );; line 105529 (wfb::religion suriname protestant (* 25.2 %) );; line 105529 (wfb::religion suriname indigenous_beliefs (* 5 %) );; line 105529 (wfb::language suriname dutch n/a );; line 105534 (wfb::comment language suriname dutch "official" );; line 105534 (wfb::language suriname english n/a );; line 105534 (wfb::comment language suriname english "widely spoken" );; line 105534 (wfb::language suriname sranang_tongo n/a );; line 105534 (wfb::comment language suriname sranang_tongo "Surinamese, sometimes called Taki-Taki, is native language of Creoles and much of the younger population and is lingua franca among others" );; line 105534 (wfb::language suriname hindustani n/a );; line 105534 (wfb::comment language suriname hindustani "a dialect of Hindi" );; line 105534 (wfb::language suriname javanese-language-group n/a );; line 105534 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition suriname date_1990 );; line 105541 (wfb::literacy-condition suriname "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 105541 (wfb::literacy suriname total_population (* 95 %) );; line 105543 (wfb::literacy suriname male (* 95 %) );; line 105545 (wfb::literacy suriname female (* 95 %) );; line 105547 (wfb::total_labor_force suriname n/a );; line 105551 (wfb::names suriname conventional_long_form "Republic of Suriname" );; line 105557 (wfb::names suriname conventional_short_form "Suriname" );; line 105559 (wfb::names suriname local_long_form "Republiek Suriname" );; line 105561 (wfb::names suriname local_short_form "Suriname" );; line 105563 (wfb::names suriname former "Netherlands Guiana, Dutch Guiana" );; line 105565 (wfb::digraph suriname "NS" );; line 105569 (wfb::type suriname "republic" );; line 105573 (wfb::capital suriname paramaribo-suriname );; line 105577 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_suriname_districts "districts" "distrikten" "distrikt" );; line 105581 (wfb::administrative_divisions suriname adm_div_suriname_districts 10 );; line 105581 (wfb::administrative_division_of suriname adm_div_suriname_districts "Brokopondo" );; line 105581 (wfb::administrative_division_of suriname adm_div_suriname_districts "Commewijne" );; line 105581 (wfb::administrative_division_of suriname adm_div_suriname_districts "Coronie" );; line 105581 (wfb::administrative_division_of suriname adm_div_suriname_districts "Marowijne" );; line 105581 (wfb::administrative_division_of suriname adm_div_suriname_districts "Nickerie" );; line 105581 (wfb::administrative_division_of suriname adm_div_suriname_districts "Para" );; line 105581 (wfb::administrative_division_of suriname adm_div_suriname_districts "Paramaribo" );; line 105581 (wfb::administrative_division_of suriname adm_div_suriname_districts "Saramacca" );; line 105581 (wfb::administrative_division_of suriname adm_div_suriname_districts "Sipaliwini" );; line 105581 (wfb::administrative_division_of suriname adm_div_suriname_districts "Wanica" );; line 105581 (wfb::independence suriname date_25_nov_1975 "Netherlands" );; line 105587 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1975 );; line 105591 (wfb::comment national_holiday suriname "1975" );; line 105591 (wfb::national_holiday suriname "Independence Day" date_25_nov );; line 105591 (wfb::constitution suriname "ratified 30 September 1987" );; line 105595 (wfb::legal_system suriname "NA" );; line 105599 (wfb::comment suffrage suriname " universal" );; line 105603 (wfb::suffrage suriname (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 105603 (wfb::comment executive_branch suriname chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "Prime Minister Jules R. AJODHIA (since 16 September 1991)" );; line 105608 (wfb::comment executive_branch suriname chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "election last held 6 September 1991 (next to be held NA May 1996)" );; line 105608 (wfb::comment executive_branch suriname chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "results - elected by the National Assembly - Ronald VENETIAAN (NF) 80% (645 votes), Jules WIJDENBOSCH (NDP) 14% (115 votes), Hans PRADE (DA '91) 6% (49 votes)" );; line 105608 (wfb::executive_branch suriname chief_of_state "President Ronald R. VENETIAAN " date_16_sep_1991 );; line 105608 (wfb::executive_branch suriname head_of_government "President Ronald R. VENETIAAN " date_16_sep_1991 );; line 105608 (wfb::comment executive_branch suriname cabinet "appointed by the president from members of the National Assembly" );; line 105614 (wfb::executive_branch suriname cabinet "Cabinet of Ministers" );; line 105614 (wfb::comment executive_branch suriname "Commander in Chief of the National Army maintains significant power" );; line 105617 (wfb::legislative_structure suriname unicameral n/a );; line 105622 (wfb::legislative_branch suriname "National Assembly (Assemblee Nationale)" "elections last held 25 May 1991 (next to be held NA May 1996); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (51 total) NF 30, NDP 10, DA '91 9, independents 2" );; line 105624 (wfb::judicial_branch suriname "Supreme Court" );; line 105630 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders suriname "The New Front (NF), a coalition of four parties (NPS, VHP, KTPI, SPA), leader Ronald R. VENETIAAN; Progressive Reform Party (VHP), Jaggernath LACHMON; National Party of Suriname (NPS), Ronald VENETIAAN; Party of National Unity and Solidarity (KTPI), Willy SOEMITA; Suriname Labor Party (SPA), Fred DERBY; Democratic Alternative '91 (DA '91), Winston JESSURUN, a coalition of four parties (AF, HPP, Pendawa Lima, BEP) formed in January 1991; Alternative Forum (AF), Gerard BRUNINGS, Winston JESSURUN; Reformed Progressive Party (HPP), Panalal PARMESSAR; Party for Brotherhood and Unity in Politics (BEP), Caprino ALLENDY; Pendawa Lima, Marsha JAMIN; National Democratic Party (NDP), Desire BOUTERSE; Progressive Workers' and Farm Laborers' Union (PALU), Ir Iwan KROLIS, chairman;" );; line 105634 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups suriname "Surinamese Liberation Army (SLA), Ronnie BRUNSWIJK, Johan \"Castro\" WALLY; Union for Liberation and Democracy, Kofi AFONGPONG; Mandela Bushnegro Liberation Movement, Leendert ADAMS; Tucayana Amazonica, Alex JUBITANA, Thomas SABAJO" );; line 105648 (wfb::member_of suriname acp );; line 105655 (wfb::member_of suriname caricom );; line 105655 (wfb::member_of suriname eclac );; line 105655 (wfb::member_of suriname fao );; line 105655 (wfb::member_of suriname g-77 );; line 105655 (wfb::member_of suriname gatt );; line 105655 (wfb::member_of suriname iadb );; line 105655 (wfb::member_of suriname ibrd );; line 105655 (wfb::member_of suriname icao );; line 105655 (wfb::member_of suriname icftu );; line 105655 (wfb::member_of suriname icrm );; line 105655 (wfb::member_of suriname ifad );; line 105655 (wfb::member_of suriname ifrcs );; line 105655 (wfb::comment member_of suriname ifrcs "associate" );; line 105655 (wfb::member_of suriname ilo );; line 105655 (wfb::member_of suriname imf );; line 105655 (wfb::member_of suriname imo );; line 105655 (wfb::member_of suriname intelsat );; line 105655 (wfb::comment member_of suriname intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 105655 (wfb::member_of suriname interpol );; line 105655 (wfb::member_of suriname ioc );; line 105655 (wfb::member_of suriname itu );; line 105655 (wfb::member_of suriname laes );; line 105655 (wfb::member_of suriname nam );; line 105655 (wfb::member_of suriname oas );; line 105655 (wfb::member_of suriname opanal );; line 105655 (wfb::member_of suriname pca );; line 105655 (wfb::member_of suriname un );; line 105655 (wfb::member_of suriname unctad );; line 105655 (wfb::member_of suriname unesco );; line 105655 (wfb::member_of suriname unido );; line 105655 (wfb::member_of suriname upu );; line 105655 (wfb::member_of suriname wcl );; line 105655 (wfb::member_of suriname who );; line 105655 (wfb::member_of suriname wipo );; line 105655 (wfb::member_of suriname wmo );; line 105655 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us suriname chief_of_mission "Ambassador Willem A. UDENHOUT" );; line 105663 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us suriname chancery "Suite 108, 4301 Connecticut Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 105665 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us suriname telephone "[1] (202) 244-7488, 7490 through 7492" );; line 105667 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us suriname fax "[1] (202) 244-5878" );; line 105669 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us suriname |consulate(s) general| "Miami" );; line 105671 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation suriname chief_of_mission "Ambassador Roger R. GAMBLE" );; line 105676 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation suriname embassy "Dr. Sophie Redmondstraat 129, Paramaribo" );; line 105678 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation suriname mailing_address "P. O. Box 1821, Paramaribo" );; line 105680 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation suriname telephone "[597] 472900, 477881, 476459" );; line 105682 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation suriname fax "[597] 410025" );; line 105684 (wfb::flag suriname "five horizontal bands of green (top, double width), white, red (quadruple width), white, and green (double width); there is a large yellow five-pointed star centered in the red band" );; line 105688 (wfb::overview suriname "The economy is dominated by the bauxite industry, which accounts for 15% of GDP and about 70% of export earnings. Paramaribo has failed to initiate the economic reforms necessary to stabilize the economy or win renewed Dutch aid disbursements. The government continues to finance deficit spending with monetary emissions. As a result, high inflation, high unemployment, widespread black market activity, and hard currency shortfalls continue to mark the economy." );; line 105695 (wfb::estimation-date national_product suriname date_1994 );; line 105705 (wfb::national_product suriname (* 1.2e9 $) );; line 105705 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate suriname date_1994 );; line 105709 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate suriname (* -0.8 %) );; line 105709 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita suriname date_1994 );; line 105713 (wfb::national_product_per_capita suriname (* 2800 $) );; line 105713 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| suriname "225% (1994 est.)" );; line 105717 (wfb::budget suriname revenues (* 300e6 $) );; line 105726 (wfb::estimation-date budget suriname date_1994 );; line 105728 (wfb::budget suriname expenditures (* 700e6 $) );; line 105728 (wfb::budget suriname capital_expenditures (* 70e6 $) );; line 105728 (wfb::exports suriname (* 443.3e6 $) );; line 105733 (wfb::exports suriname commodities alumina-commodity n/a );; line 105735 (wfb::exports suriname commodities aluminum n/a );; line 105735 (wfb::exports suriname commodities shrimp_and_fish n/a );; line 105735 (wfb::exports suriname commodities rice n/a );; line 105735 (wfb::exports suriname commodities bananas n/a );; line 105735 (wfb::measurement-date exports suriname date_1992 );; line 105737 (wfb::exports suriname partners norway (* 33 %) );; line 105737 (wfb::exports suriname partners netherlands (* 26 %) );; line 105737 (wfb::exports suriname partners us (* 13 %) );; line 105737 (wfb::exports suriname partners japan (* 6 %) );; line 105737 (wfb::exports suriname partners brazil (* 6 %) );; line 105737 (wfb::exports suriname partners uk (* 3 %) );; line 105737 (wfb::imports suriname (* 520.5e6 $) );; line 105742 (wfb::imports suriname commodities capital_equipment n/a );; line 105744 (wfb::imports suriname commodities petroleum-commodity n/a );; line 105744 (wfb::imports suriname commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 105744 (wfb::imports suriname commodities cotton n/a );; line 105744 (wfb::imports suriname commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 105744 (wfb::measurement-date imports suriname date_1992 );; line 105746 (wfb::imports suriname partners us (* 42 %) );; line 105746 (wfb::imports suriname partners netherlands (* 22 %) );; line 105746 (wfb::imports suriname partners trinidad_and_tobago (* 10 %) );; line 105746 (wfb::imports suriname partners brazil (* 5 %) );; line 105746 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt suriname date_mar_1993 );; line 105751 (wfb::external_debt suriname (* 180e6 $) );; line 105751 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1992 );; line 105755 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production suriname date_1992 );; line 105755 (wfb::industrial_production suriname growth_rate (* 3.5 %) );; line 105755 (wfb::industrial_production suriname accounts_for (* 18 %_of_gdp) );; line 105755 (wfb::electricity suriname capacity (* 420000 kw) );; line 105760 (wfb::electricity suriname production (* 1.4e9 kwh) );; line 105762 (wfb::measurement-date electricity suriname consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 105764 (wfb::electricity suriname consumption_per_capita (* 3123 kwh) );; line 105764 (wfb::industry suriname bauxite_mining );; line 105768 (wfb::industry suriname alumina_and_aluminum_production );; line 105768 (wfb::industry suriname lumbering );; line 105768 (wfb::industry suriname food_processing );; line 105768 (wfb::industry suriname fishing-industry );; line 105768 (wfb::agriculture suriname "accounts for 15% of GDP and 25% of export earnings; paddy rice planted on 85% of arable land and represents 60% of total farm output; other products - bananas, palm kernels, coconuts, plantains, peanuts, beef, chicken; shrimp and forestry products of increasing importance; self-sufficient in most foods" );; line 105773 (wfb::illicit_drugs suriname "transshipment point for South American drugs destined for the US and Europe" );; line 105781 (wfb::economic_aid suriname recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-83), $2.5 billion; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $1.5 billion" );; line 105787 (wfb::abbreviation |Surinamese guilder, gulden, or florin| "Sf." );; line 105792 (wfb::currency suriname |Surinamese guilder, gulden, or florin| 100 cents );; line 105792 (wfb::exchange_rates suriname "Surinamese guilders, gulden, or florins (Sf.) per US$1 - 1.7850 (fixed rate); parallel rate 510 (December 1994), 109 (January 1994)" );; line 105796 (wfb::fiscal_year suriname date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 105801 (wfb::railroads suriname total "166 km (single track)" );; line 105807 (wfb::railroads suriname standard_gauge "80 km 1.435-m gauge" );; line 105809 (wfb::railroads suriname narrow_gauge "86 km 1.000-m gauge" );; line 105811 (wfb::highways suriname total (* 8800 km) );; line 105816 (wfb::highways suriname paved (* 500 km) );; line 105818 (wfb::highways suriname (union bauxite gravel crushed_stone ) (* 5400 km) );; line 105820 (wfb::highways suriname improved_and_unimproved_earth (* 2900 km) );; line 105820 (wfb::inland_waterways suriname "1,200 km; most important means of transport; oceangoing vessels with drafts ranging up to 7 m can navigate many of the principal waterways" );; line 105825 (wfb::port suriname albina-suriname );; line 105830 (wfb::port suriname moengo-suriname );; line 105830 (wfb::port suriname nieuw_nickerie-suriname );; line 105830 (wfb::port suriname paramaribo-suriname );; line 105830 (wfb::port suriname paranam-suriname );; line 105830 (wfb::port suriname wageningen-suriname );; line 105830 (wfb::merchant_marine suriname total "2 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 2,421 GRT/2,990 DWT" );; line 105835 (wfb::merchant_marine suriname ships_by_type "cargo 1, container 1" );; line 105837 (wfb::airports suriname total 46 );; line 105842 (wfb::airports suriname |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 105844 (wfb::airports suriname with_paved_runways_under_914_m 38 );; line 105846 (wfb::airports suriname |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 7 );; line 105848 (wfb::telephone_system suriname "27,500 telephones; international facilities good" );; line 105853 (wfb::telephone_system suriname local "NA" );; line 105855 (wfb::telephone_system suriname intercity "microwave radio relay network" );; line 105857 (wfb::telephone_system suriname international "2 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth stations" );; line 105859 (wfb::radio suriname broadcast_stations am 5 );; line 105864 (wfb::radio suriname broadcast_stations fm 14 );; line 105864 (wfb::radio suriname broadcast_stations shortwave 1 );; line 105864 (wfb::radio suriname radios n/a );; line 105866 (wfb::television suriname broadcast_stations 6 );; line 105871 (wfb::television suriname televisions n/a );; line 105873 (wfb::comment defense_branch suriname national_army_suriname "includes small Navy and Air Force elements" );; line 105879 (wfb::defense_branch suriname national_army_suriname );; line 105879 (wfb::defense_branch suriname civil_police_suriname );; line 105879 (wfb::manpower_availability suriname "males age 15-49 116,456; males fit for military service 69,011 (1995 est.)" );; line 105884 (wfb::markup-parameter figure svalbard "graphno=\"sv.tif\"" );; line 105895 (wfb::header svalbard "(territory of Norway)" );; line 105895 (wfb::location svalbard "Northern Europe, islands between the Arctic Ocean, Barents Sea, Greenland Sea, and Norwegian Sea, north of Norway" );; line 105899 (wfb::map_references svalbard "Arctic Region" );; line 105904 (wfb::area svalbard total_area (* 62049 sq_km) );; line 105909 (wfb::area svalbard land_area (* 62049 sq_km) );; line 105911 (wfb::area svalbard comparative_area "slightly smaller than West Virginia" );; line 105913 (wfb::comment area svalbard "includes Spitsbergen and Bjornoya (Bear Island)" );; line 105915 (wfb::coastline svalbard (* 3587 km) );; line 105923 (wfb::maritime_claims svalbard territorial_sea (* 4 nm) );; line 105931 (wfb::international_disputes svalbard "focus of maritime boundary dispute in the Barents Sea between Norway and Russia" );; line 105935 (wfb::climate svalbard "arctic, tempered by warm North Atlantic Current" );; line 105940 (wfb::climate svalbard "cool summers, cold winters" );; line 105940 (wfb::climate svalbard "North Atlantic Current flows along west and north coasts of Spitsbergen, keeping water open and navigable most of the year" );; line 105940 (wfb::terrain svalbard "wild, rugged mountains" );; line 105946 (wfb::terrain svalbard "much of high land ice covered" );; line 105946 (wfb::terrain svalbard "west coast clear of ice about half the year" );; line 105946 (wfb::terrain svalbard "fjords along west and north coasts" );; line 105946 (wfb::natural-resource svalbard coal );; line 105951 (wfb::natural-resource svalbard copper );; line 105951 (wfb::natural-resource svalbard iron_ore );; line 105951 (wfb::natural-resource svalbard phosphate );; line 105951 (wfb::natural-resource svalbard zinc );; line 105951 (wfb::natural-resource svalbard wildlife );; line 105951 (wfb::natural-resource svalbard fish );; line 105951 (wfb::land_use svalbard arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 105956 (wfb::land_use svalbard permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 105958 (wfb::land_use svalbard meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 105960 (wfb::land_use svalbard forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 105962 (wfb::comment land_use svalbard other "no trees and the only bushes are crowberry and cloudberry" );; line 105964 (wfb::land_use svalbard other (* 100 %) );; line 105964 (wfb::irrigated_land svalbard (* n/a sq_km) );; line 105968 (wfb::environment svalbard current_issues "NA" );; line 105973 (wfb::environment svalbard natural_hazards "ice floes often block up the entrance to Bellsund (a transit point for coal export) on the west coast and occasionally make parts of the northeastern coast inaccessible to maritime traffic" );; line 105975 (wfb::environment svalbard international_agreements "NA" );; line 105979 (wfb::note svalbard "northernmost part of the Kingdom of Norway; consists of nine main islands; glaciers and snowfields cover 60% of the total area" );; line 105983 (wfb::estimation-date population svalbard date_jul_1995 );; line 105990 (wfb::population svalbard 2914 );; line 105990 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate svalbard date_1995 );; line 106003 (wfb::population_growth_rate svalbard (* -3.5 %) );; line 106003 (wfb::birth_rate svalbard (* n/a |births/1,000 population|) );; line 106007 (wfb::death_rate svalbard (* n/a |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 106011 (wfb::net_migration_rate svalbard (* n/a |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 106015 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate svalbard (* n/a |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 106019 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth svalbard total_population (* n/a years) );; line 106024 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth svalbard male (* n/a years) );; line 106026 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth svalbard female (* n/a years) );; line 106028 (wfb::total_fertility_rate svalbard (* n/a children_born/woman) );; line 106032 (wfb::measurement-date ethnic-entity date_1981 );; line 106036 (wfb::ethnic-entity svalbard russian (* 64 %) );; line 106036 (wfb::ethnic-entity svalbard norwegian-ethnic-entity (* 35 %) );; line 106036 (wfb::language svalbard russian-language-group n/a );; line 106040 (wfb::language svalbard norwegian n/a );; line 106040 (wfb::total_labor_force svalbard n/a );; line 106044 (wfb::names svalbard conventional_short_form "Svalbard" );; line 106052 (wfb::digraph svalbard "SV" );; line 106056 (wfb::type svalbard "territory of Norway administered by the Ministry of Industry, Oslo, through a governor (sysselmann) residing in Longyearbyen, Spitsbergen; by treaty (9 February 1920) sovereignty was given to Norway" );; line 106060 (wfb::capital svalbard longyearbyen-svalbard );; line 106066 (wfb::comment independence svalbard "territory of Norway" );; line 106070 (wfb::legal_system svalbard "NA" );; line 106078 (wfb::executive_branch svalbard chief_of_state "King HARALD V " date_17_jan_1991 );; line 106083 (wfb::comment executive_branch svalbard head_of_government "Assistant Governor Jan-Atle HANSEN (since NA September 1993)" );; line 106085 (wfb::flag svalbard "the flag of Norway is used" );; line 106094 (wfb::overview svalbard "Coal mining is the major economic activity on Svalbard. By treaty (9 February 1920), the nationals of the treaty powers have equal rights to exploit mineral deposits, subject to Norwegian regulation. Although US, UK, Dutch, and Swedish coal companies have mined in the past, the only companies still mining are Norwegian and Russian. The settlements on Svalbard are essentially company towns. The Norwegian state-owned coal company employs nearly 60% of the Norwegian population on the island, runs many of the local services, and provides most of the local infrastructure. There is also some trapping of seal, polar bear, fox, and walrus." );; line 106099 (wfb::budget svalbard revenues (* 13.3e6 $) );; line 106112 (wfb::estimation-date budget svalbard date_1990 );; line 106114 (wfb::budget svalbard expenditures (* 13.3e6 $) );; line 106114 (wfb::budget svalbard capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 106114 (wfb::electricity svalbard capacity (* 21000 kw) );; line 106119 (wfb::electricity svalbard production (* 45e6 kwh) );; line 106121 (wfb::measurement-date electricity svalbard consumption_per_capita date_1992 );; line 106123 (wfb::electricity svalbard consumption_per_capita (* 13860 kwh) );; line 106123 (wfb::abbreviation norwegian_krone "NKr" );; line 106127 (wfb::currency svalbard norwegian_krone 100 oere );; line 106127 (wfb::exchange_rates svalbard "Norwegian kroner (NKr) per US$1 - 6.7014 (January 1995), 7.0469 (1994), 7.0941 (1993), 6.2145 (1992), 6.4829 (1991), 6.2597 (1990)" );; line 106131 (wfb::railroads svalbard "0 km" );; line 106137 (wfb::port svalbard barentsburg-svalbard );; line 106150 (wfb::port svalbard longyearbyen-svalbard );; line 106150 (wfb::port svalbard ny-alesund-svalbard );; line 106150 (wfb::port svalbard pyramiden-svalbard );; line 106150 (wfb::merchant_marine svalbard "none" );; line 106154 (wfb::airports svalbard total 4 );; line 106159 (wfb::airports svalbard |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 1 );; line 106161 (wfb::airports svalbard with_paved_runways_under_914_m 3 );; line 106163 (wfb::telephone_system svalbard "NA telephones; local telephone service" );; line 106168 (wfb::telephone_system svalbard local "NA" );; line 106170 (wfb::telephone_system svalbard intercity "NA" );; line 106172 (wfb::telephone_system svalbard international "satellite communication with Norwegian mainland" );; line 106174 (wfb::radio svalbard broadcast_stations am 1 );; line 106179 (wfb::comment radio svalbard broadcast_stations fm "repeaters 2" );; line 106179 (wfb::radio svalbard broadcast_stations fm 1 );; line 106179 (wfb::radio svalbard broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 106179 (wfb::radio svalbard radios n/a );; line 106181 (wfb::television svalbard broadcast_stations 1 );; line 106186 (wfb::television svalbard televisions n/a );; line 106188 (wfb::note svalbard "there are 5 meteorological/radio stations" );; line 106192 (wfb::note svalbard "demilitarized by treaty (9 February 1920)" );; line 106198 (wfb::markup-parameter figure swaziland "graphno=\"wz.tif\"" );; line 106204 (wfb::location swaziland "Southern Africa, between Mozambique and South Africa" );; line 106208 (wfb::map_references swaziland "Africa" );; line 106212 (wfb::area swaziland total_area (* 17360 sq_km) );; line 106217 (wfb::area swaziland land_area (* 17200 sq_km) );; line 106219 (wfb::area swaziland comparative_area "slightly smaller than New Jersey" );; line 106221 (wfb::borders swaziland total (* 535 km) );; line 106225 (wfb::borders swaziland mozambique (* 105 km) );; line 106225 (wfb::borders swaziland south_africa (* 430 km) );; line 106225 (wfb::comment coastline swaziland "landlocked" );; line 106229 (wfb::coastline swaziland (* 0 km) );; line 106229 (wfb::maritime_claims swaziland "none; landlocked" );; line 106233 (wfb::international_disputes swaziland "Swaziland has asked South Africa to open negotiations on reincorporating some nearby South African territories that are populated by ethnic Swazis or that were long ago part of the Swazi Kingdom" );; line 106237 (wfb::climate swaziland "varies from tropical to near temperate" );; line 106243 (wfb::terrain swaziland "mostly mountains and hills" );; line 106247 (wfb::terrain swaziland "some moderately sloping plains" );; line 106247 (wfb::natural-resource swaziland asbestos );; line 106251 (wfb::natural-resource swaziland coal );; line 106251 (wfb::natural-resource swaziland clay );; line 106251 (wfb::natural-resource swaziland cassiterite-natural-resource );; line 106251 (wfb::natural-resource swaziland hydropower-natural-resource );; line 106251 (wfb::natural-resource swaziland forests );; line 106251 (wfb::natural-resource swaziland small_gold_and_diamond_deposits );; line 106251 (wfb::natural-resource swaziland quarry_stone );; line 106251 (wfb::natural-resource swaziland talc );; line 106251 (wfb::land_use swaziland arable_land (* 10.9 %) );; line 106257 (wfb::land_use swaziland permanent_crops (* 0.2 %) );; line 106259 (wfb::land_use swaziland meadows_and_pastures (* 62.2 %) );; line 106261 (wfb::land_use swaziland forest_and_woodland (* 6.9 %) );; line 106263 (wfb::land_use swaziland other (* 19.8 %) );; line 106265 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land swaziland date_1993 );; line 106269 (wfb::irrigated_land swaziland (* 640 sq_km) );; line 106269 (wfb::environment swaziland current_issues "limited access to potable water" );; line 106274 (wfb::environment swaziland current_issues "wildlife populations being depleted because of excessive hunting" );; line 106274 (wfb::environment swaziland current_issues "overgrazing" );; line 106274 (wfb::environment swaziland current_issues "soil degradation" );; line 106274 (wfb::environment swaziland current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 106274 (wfb::environment swaziland natural_hazards "NA" );; line 106278 (wfb::environment swaziland international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection" );; line 106280 (wfb::environment swaziland international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Climate Change, Law of the Sea" );; line 106280 (wfb::note swaziland "landlocked; almost completely surrounded by South Africa" );; line 106285 (wfb::estimation-date population swaziland date_jul_1995 );; line 106291 (wfb::population swaziland 966977 );; line 106291 (wfb::age_structure swaziland 0-14_years (* 46 %) );; line 106296 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex swaziland 0-14_years female 222544 );; line 106296 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex swaziland 0-14_years male 221003 );; line 106296 (wfb::age_structure swaziland 15-64_years (* 52 %) );; line 106298 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex swaziland 15-64_years female 261973 );; line 106298 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex swaziland 15-64_years male 238726 );; line 106298 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure swaziland 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 106300 (wfb::age_structure swaziland 65_years_and_over (* 2 %) );; line 106300 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex swaziland 65_years_and_over female 13291 );; line 106300 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex swaziland 65_years_and_over male 9440 );; line 106300 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate swaziland date_1995 );; line 106304 (wfb::population_growth_rate swaziland (* 3.23 %) );; line 106304 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate swaziland date_1995 );; line 106308 (wfb::birth_rate swaziland (* 43.06 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 106308 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate swaziland date_1995 );; line 106312 (wfb::death_rate swaziland (* 10.8 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 106312 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate swaziland date_1995 );; line 106316 (wfb::net_migration_rate swaziland (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 106316 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate swaziland date_1995 );; line 106320 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate swaziland (* 90.7 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 106320 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth swaziland total_population (* 56.84 years) );; line 106325 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth swaziland male (* 52.83 years) );; line 106327 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth swaziland female date_1995 );; line 106329 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth swaziland female (* 60.96 years) );; line 106329 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate swaziland date_1995 );; line 106333 (wfb::total_fertility_rate swaziland (* 6.1 children_born/woman) );; line 106333 (wfb::nationality swaziland noun "Swazi(s)" );; line 106338 (wfb::nationality swaziland adjective "Swazi" );; line 106340 (wfb::ethnic-entity swaziland african (* 97 %) );; line 106344 (wfb::ethnic-entity swaziland european (* 3 %) );; line 106344 (wfb::religion swaziland christian (* 60 %) );; line 106348 (wfb::religion swaziland indigenous_beliefs (* 40 %) );; line 106348 (wfb::language swaziland english n/a );; line 106352 (wfb::comment language swaziland english "official; government business conducted in English" );; line 106352 (wfb::language swaziland siswati n/a );; line 106352 (wfb::comment language swaziland siswati "official" );; line 106352 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition swaziland date_1986 );; line 106357 (wfb::literacy-condition swaziland "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 106357 (wfb::literacy swaziland total_population (* 67 %) );; line 106359 (wfb::literacy swaziland male (* 70 %) );; line 106361 (wfb::literacy swaziland female (* 65 %) );; line 106363 (wfb::total_labor_force swaziland n/a );; line 106367 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation swaziland private_sector_about (* 65 %) );; line 106369 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation swaziland public_sector (* 35 %) );; line 106369 (wfb::names swaziland conventional_long_form "Kingdom of Swaziland" );; line 106375 (wfb::names swaziland conventional_short_form "Swaziland" );; line 106377 (wfb::digraph swaziland "WZ" );; line 106381 (wfb::type swaziland "monarchy; independent member of Commonwealth" );; line 106385 (wfb::comment capital swaziland "legislative" );; line 106389 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_swaziland_districts "districts" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 106393 (wfb::administrative_divisions swaziland adm_div_swaziland_districts 4 );; line 106393 (wfb::administrative_division_of swaziland adm_div_swaziland_districts "Hhohho" );; line 106393 (wfb::administrative_division_of swaziland adm_div_swaziland_districts "Lubombo" );; line 106393 (wfb::administrative_division_of swaziland adm_div_swaziland_districts "Manzini" );; line 106393 (wfb::administrative_division_of swaziland adm_div_swaziland_districts "Shiselweni" );; line 106393 (wfb::independence swaziland date_6_sep_1968 "UK" );; line 106397 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1968 );; line 106401 (wfb::comment national_holiday swaziland "1968" );; line 106401 (wfb::constitution swaziland "none; constitution of 6 September 1968 was suspended 12 April 1973; a new constitution was promulgated 13 October 1978, but has not been formally presented to the people" );; line 106405 (wfb::legal_system swaziland "based on South African Roman-Dutch law in statutory courts, Swazi traditional law and custom in traditional courts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 106411 (wfb::executive_branch swaziland chief_of_state "King MSWATI III " date_25_apr_1986 );; line 106422 (wfb::executive_branch swaziland head_of_government "Prime Minister Prince Jameson Mbilini DLAMINI " date_12_nov_1993 );; line 106424 (wfb::comment executive_branch swaziland cabinet "designated by the monarch" );; line 106427 (wfb::executive_branch swaziland cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 106427 (wfb::legislative_structure swaziland bicameral "Parliament is advisory" );; line 106431 (wfb::legislative_branch swaziland "Senate" "consists of 30 members (10 appointed by the House of Assembly and 20 appointed by the king)" );; line 106433 (wfb::legislative_branch swaziland "House of Assembly" "elections last held NA October 1993 (next to be held NA); results - NA; seats - (65 total, 55 directly elected, 10 appointed by the king) - balloting held on a non-party basis" );; line 106436 (wfb::judicial_branch swaziland "High Court, Court of Appeal" );; line 106442 (wfb::comment political_parties_and_leaders swaziland "political parties are banned by the Constitution promulgated on 13 October 1978; illegal parties are prohibited from holding large public gatherings" );; line 106447 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders swaziland illegal_parties "Peoples' United Democratic Movement (PUDEMO), Kilson SHONOWE; Swaziland Youth Congress (SWAYCO), Benedict TSABEDZE; Swaziland Communist Party (SWACOPA), Mphandlana SHONGWE" );; line 106451 (wfb::member_of swaziland acp );; line 106457 (wfb::member_of swaziland afdb );; line 106457 (wfb::member_of swaziland c );; line 106457 (wfb::member_of swaziland ccc );; line 106457 (wfb::member_of swaziland eca );; line 106457 (wfb::member_of swaziland fao );; line 106457 (wfb::member_of swaziland g-77 );; line 106457 (wfb::member_of swaziland gatt );; line 106457 (wfb::member_of swaziland ibrd );; line 106457 (wfb::member_of swaziland icao );; line 106457 (wfb::member_of swaziland icftu );; line 106457 (wfb::member_of swaziland icrm );; line 106457 (wfb::member_of swaziland ida );; line 106457 (wfb::member_of swaziland ifad );; line 106457 (wfb::member_of swaziland ifc );; line 106457 (wfb::member_of swaziland ifrcs );; line 106457 (wfb::member_of swaziland ilo );; line 106457 (wfb::member_of swaziland imf );; line 106457 (wfb::member_of swaziland intelsat );; line 106457 (wfb::member_of swaziland interpol );; line 106457 (wfb::member_of swaziland ioc );; line 106457 (wfb::member_of swaziland itu );; line 106457 (wfb::member_of swaziland nam );; line 106457 (wfb::member_of swaziland oau );; line 106457 (wfb::member_of swaziland pca );; line 106457 (wfb::member_of swaziland sacu );; line 106457 (wfb::member_of swaziland sadc );; line 106457 (wfb::member_of swaziland un );; line 106457 (wfb::member_of swaziland unctad );; line 106457 (wfb::member_of swaziland unesco );; line 106457 (wfb::member_of swaziland unido );; line 106457 (wfb::member_of swaziland upu );; line 106457 (wfb::member_of swaziland who );; line 106457 (wfb::member_of swaziland wipo );; line 106457 (wfb::member_of swaziland wmo );; line 106457 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us swaziland chief_of_mission "Ambassador Madzandza Mary KHANYA" );; line 106464 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us swaziland chancery "3400 International Drive NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 106466 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us swaziland telephone "[1] (202) 362-6683, 6685" );; line 106468 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us swaziland fax "[1] (202) 244-8059" );; line 106470 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation swaziland chief_of_mission "Ambassador John T. SPROTT" );; line 106475 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation swaziland embassy "Central Bank Building, Warner Street, Mbabane" );; line 106477 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation swaziland mailing_address "P. O. Box 199, Mbabane" );; line 106479 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation swaziland telephone "[268] 46441 through 46445" );; line 106481 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation swaziland fax "[268] 45959" );; line 106483 (wfb::flag swaziland "three horizontal bands of blue (top), red (triple width), and blue; the red band is edged in yellow; centered in the red band is a large black and white shield covering two spears and a staff decorated with feather tassels, all placed horizontally" );; line 106487 (wfb::overview swaziland "The economy is based on subsistence agriculture, which occupies more than 60% of the population and contributes nearly 25% to GDP. Manufacturing, which includes a number of agroprocessing factories, accounts for another quarter of GDP. Mining has declined in importance in recent years; high-grade iron ore deposits were depleted by 1978, and health concerns cut world demand for asbestos. Exports of sugar and forestry products are the main earners of hard currency. Surrounded by South Africa, except for a short border with Mozambique, Swaziland is heavily dependent on South Africa, from which it receives 90% of its imports and to which it sends about half of its exports. Remittances from Swazi workers in South African mines may supplement domestically produced income by as much as 20%." );; line 106495 (wfb::estimation-date national_product swaziland date_1994 );; line 106509 (wfb::national_product swaziland (* 3.3e9 $) );; line 106509 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate swaziland date_1994 );; line 106513 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate swaziland (* 4.5 %) );; line 106513 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita swaziland date_1994 );; line 106517 (wfb::national_product_per_capita swaziland (* 3490 $) );; line 106517 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| swaziland "11.3% (1993 est.)" );; line 106521 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate swaziland date_1992 );; line 106525 (wfb::unemployment_rate swaziland (* 15 %) );; line 106525 (wfb::budget swaziland revenues (* 342e6 $) );; line 106530 (wfb::estimation-date budget swaziland date_1994 );; line 106532 (wfb::budget swaziland expenditures (* 410e6 $) );; line 106532 (wfb::budget swaziland capital_expenditures (* 130e6 $) );; line 106532 (wfb::exports swaziland (* 632e6 $) );; line 106537 (wfb::exports swaziland commodities sugar-commodity n/a );; line 106539 (wfb::exports swaziland commodities edible_concentrates n/a );; line 106539 (wfb::exports swaziland commodities wood_pulp n/a );; line 106539 (wfb::exports swaziland commodities cotton_yarn n/a );; line 106539 (wfb::exports swaziland commodities asbestos-commodity n/a );; line 106539 (wfb::comment exports swaziland "est." );; line 106541 (wfb::exports swaziland partners south_africa (* 50 %) );; line 106541 (wfb::exports swaziland partners ec_countries n/a );; line 106541 (wfb::exports swaziland partners canada n/a );; line 106541 (wfb::imports swaziland (* 734e6 $) );; line 106545 (wfb::imports swaziland commodities motor_vehicles-commodity n/a );; line 106547 (wfb::imports swaziland commodities machinery n/a );; line 106547 (wfb::imports swaziland commodities transport_equipment n/a );; line 106547 (wfb::imports swaziland commodities petroleum_products-commodity n/a );; line 106547 (wfb::imports swaziland commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 106547 (wfb::imports swaziland commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 106547 (wfb::comment imports swaziland "est." );; line 106550 (wfb::imports swaziland partners south_africa (* 90 %) );; line 106550 (wfb::imports swaziland partners switzerland n/a );; line 106550 (wfb::imports swaziland partners uk n/a );; line 106550 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt swaziland date_1992 );; line 106554 (wfb::external_debt swaziland (* 240e6 $) );; line 106554 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 106558 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production swaziland date_1993 );; line 106558 (wfb::industrial_production swaziland growth_rate (* 4.2 %) );; line 106558 (wfb::electricity swaziland capacity (* 120000 kw) );; line 106563 (wfb::electricity swaziland production (* 410e6 kwh) );; line 106565 (wfb::measurement-date electricity swaziland consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 106567 (wfb::electricity swaziland consumption_per_capita (* 1003 kwh) );; line 106567 (wfb::industry swaziland |mining (coal and asbestos)| );; line 106571 (wfb::industry swaziland wood_pulp-industry );; line 106571 (wfb::industry swaziland sugar );; line 106571 (wfb::agriculture swaziland "accounts for over 60% of labor force; mostly subsistence agriculture; cash crops - sugarcane, cotton, maize, tobacco, rice, citrus fruit, pineapples; other crops and livestock - corn, sorghum, peanuts, cattle, goats, sheep; not self-sufficient in grain" );; line 106575 (wfb::economic_aid swaziland recipient "bilateral aid (1991) $35 million of which US disbursements $12 million, UK disbursements $6 million, and Denmark $2 million; multilateral aid (1991) $24 million of which EC disbursements $8 million" );; line 106583 (wfb::abbreviation lilangeni "E" );; line 106589 (wfb::currency swaziland lilangeni 100 cents );; line 106589 (wfb::exchange_rates swaziland "emalangeni (E) per US$1 -3.5389 (January 1995), 3.5490 (1994), 3.2636 (1993), 2.8497 (1992), 2.7563 (1991), 2.5863 (1990); note - the Swazi emalangeni is at par with the South African rand" );; line 106593 (wfb::fiscal_year swaziland date_1_apr date_31_mar );; line 106599 (wfb::railroads swaziland total "297 km; note - includes 71 km which are not in use" );; line 106605 (wfb::railroads swaziland narrow_gauge "297 km 1.067-m gauge (single track)" );; line 106607 (wfb::highways swaziland total (* 2853 km) );; line 106612 (wfb::highways swaziland paved (* 510 km) );; line 106614 (wfb::highways swaziland (union crushed_stone gravel stabilized_earth ) (* 1230 km) );; line 106616 (wfb::highways swaziland improved_earth (* 1113 km) );; line 106616 (wfb::airports swaziland total 18 );; line 106626 (wfb::airports swaziland |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 106628 (wfb::airports swaziland with_paved_runways_under_914_m 9 );; line 106630 (wfb::airports swaziland |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 8 );; line 106632 (wfb::telephone_system swaziland "17,000 telephones; telephone density is only 17.6 telephones/1,000 persons" );; line 106637 (wfb::telephone_system swaziland local "NA" );; line 106640 (wfb::telephone_system swaziland intercity "system consists of carrier-equipped open-wire lines and low-capacity radio relay microwave links" );; line 106642 (wfb::telephone_system swaziland international "1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station" );; line 106645 (wfb::radio swaziland broadcast_stations am 7 );; line 106650 (wfb::radio swaziland broadcast_stations fm 6 );; line 106650 (wfb::radio swaziland broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 106650 (wfb::radio swaziland radios n/a );; line 106652 (wfb::television swaziland broadcast_stations 10 );; line 106657 (wfb::television swaziland televisions n/a );; line 106659 (wfb::comment defense_branch swaziland umbutfo_swaziland_defense_force_swaziland "Army" );; line 106665 (wfb::defense_branch swaziland umbutfo_swaziland_defense_force_swaziland );; line 106665 (wfb::defense_branch swaziland royal_swaziland_police_force_swaziland );; line 106665 (wfb::manpower_availability swaziland "males age 15-49 212,239; males fit for military service 122,782 (1995 est.)" );; line 106670 (wfb::for-fiscal-year defense_expenditures swaziland 93 );; line 106675 (wfb::defense_expenditures swaziland (* 22e6 $) );; line 106675 (wfb::defense_expenditures swaziland (* n/a %_of_gdp) );; line 106675 (wfb::markup-parameter figure sweden "graphno=\"sw.tif\"" );; line 106681 (wfb::location sweden "Northern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea, Gulf of Bothnia, and Skagerrak, between Finland and Norway" );; line 106685 (wfb::map_references sweden "Europe" );; line 106690 (wfb::area sweden total_area (* 449964 sq_km) );; line 106695 (wfb::area sweden land_area (* 410928 sq_km) );; line 106697 (wfb::area sweden comparative_area "slightly smaller than California" );; line 106699 (wfb::borders sweden total (* 2205 km) );; line 106703 (wfb::borders sweden finland (* 586 km) );; line 106703 (wfb::borders sweden norway (* 1619 km) );; line 106703 (wfb::coastline sweden (* 3218 km) );; line 106707 (wfb::maritime_claims sweden territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 106716 (wfb::international_disputes sweden "none" );; line 106720 (wfb::climate sweden "temperate in south with cold, cloudy winters and cool, partly cloudy summers" );; line 106724 (wfb::climate sweden "subarctic in north" );; line 106724 (wfb::terrain sweden "mostly flat or gently rolling lowlands" );; line 106729 (wfb::terrain sweden "mountains in west" );; line 106729 (wfb::natural-resource sweden zinc );; line 106733 (wfb::natural-resource sweden iron_ore );; line 106733 (wfb::natural-resource sweden lead );; line 106733 (wfb::natural-resource sweden copper );; line 106733 (wfb::natural-resource sweden silver );; line 106733 (wfb::natural-resource sweden timber );; line 106733 (wfb::natural-resource sweden uranium );; line 106733 (wfb::natural-resource sweden hydropower_potential );; line 106733 (wfb::land_use sweden arable_land (* 7 %) );; line 106739 (wfb::land_use sweden permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 106741 (wfb::land_use sweden meadows_and_pastures (* 2 %) );; line 106743 (wfb::land_use sweden forest_and_woodland (* 64 %) );; line 106745 (wfb::land_use sweden other (* 27 %) );; line 106747 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land sweden date_1989 );; line 106751 (wfb::irrigated_land sweden (* 1120 sq_km) );; line 106751 (wfb::environment sweden current_issues "acid rain damaging soils and lakes" );; line 106756 (wfb::environment sweden current_issues "pollution of the North Sea and the Baltic Sea" );; line 106756 (wfb::environment sweden natural_hazards "ice floes in the surrounding waters, especially in the Gulf of Bothnia, can interfere with maritime traffic" );; line 106759 (wfb::environment sweden international_agreements "party to - Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands, Whaling" );; line 106762 (wfb::environment sweden international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Desertification, Law of the Sea" );; line 106762 (wfb::note sweden "strategic location along Danish Straits linking Baltic and North Seas" );; line 106772 (wfb::estimation-date population sweden date_jul_1995 );; line 106779 (wfb::population sweden 8821759 );; line 106779 (wfb::age_structure sweden 0-14_years (* 19 %) );; line 106784 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex sweden 0-14_years female 810859 );; line 106784 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex sweden 0-14_years male 854553 );; line 106784 (wfb::age_structure sweden 15-64_years (* 64 %) );; line 106786 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex sweden 15-64_years female 2761060 );; line 106786 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex sweden 15-64_years male 2856012 );; line 106786 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure sweden 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 106788 (wfb::age_structure sweden 65_years_and_over (* 17 %) );; line 106788 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex sweden 65_years_and_over female 887597 );; line 106788 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex sweden 65_years_and_over male 651678 );; line 106788 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate sweden date_1995 );; line 106792 (wfb::population_growth_rate sweden (* 0.46 %) );; line 106792 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate sweden date_1995 );; line 106796 (wfb::birth_rate sweden (* 13.19 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 106796 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate sweden date_1995 );; line 106800 (wfb::death_rate sweden (* 10.84 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 106800 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate sweden date_1995 );; line 106804 (wfb::net_migration_rate sweden (* 2.27 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 106804 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate sweden date_1995 );; line 106808 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate sweden (* 5.6 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 106808 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth sweden total_population (* 78.43 years) );; line 106813 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth sweden male (* 75.64 years) );; line 106815 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth sweden female date_1995 );; line 106817 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth sweden female (* 81.39 years) );; line 106817 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate sweden date_1995 );; line 106821 (wfb::total_fertility_rate sweden (* 1.97 children_born/woman) );; line 106821 (wfb::nationality sweden noun "Swede(s)" );; line 106826 (wfb::nationality sweden adjective "Swedish" );; line 106828 (wfb::comment ethnic_divisions sweden "Finns, Yugoslavs, Danes, Norwegians, Greeks, Turks" );; line 106832 (wfb::ethnic-entity sweden union22 (* 12 %) );; line 106832 (wfb::measurement-date religion date_1987 );; line 106837 (wfb::religion sweden evangelical_lutheran (* 94 %) );; line 106837 (wfb::religion sweden roman_catholic (* 1.5 %) );; line 106837 (wfb::religion sweden pentecostal (* 1 %) );; line 106837 (wfb::language sweden swedish n/a );; line 106842 (wfb::comment languages sweden "small Lapp- and Finnish-speaking minorities; immigrants speak native languages" );; line 106844 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition sweden date_1991 );; line 106849 (wfb::literacy-condition sweden "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 106849 (wfb::literacy sweden total_population (* 99 %) );; line 106851 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force sweden by_occupation date_1991 );; line 106857 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1991 );; line 106857 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation sweden community n/a );; line 106857 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation sweden social_and_personal_services (* 38.3 %) );; line 106857 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation sweden mining_and_manufacturing (* 21.2 %) );; line 106857 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation sweden commerce n/a );; line 106857 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation sweden hotels n/a );; line 106857 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation sweden restaurants (* 14.1 %) );; line 106857 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation sweden banking-occupation-type n/a );; line 106857 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation sweden insurance-occupation-type (* 9.0 %) );; line 106857 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation sweden communications (* 7.2 %) );; line 106857 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation sweden construction (* 7.0 %) );; line 106857 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation sweden agriculture n/a );; line 106857 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation sweden fishing-occupation-type n/a );; line 106857 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation sweden forestry (* 3.2 %) );; line 106857 (wfb::names sweden conventional_long_form "Kingdom of Sweden" );; line 106866 (wfb::names sweden conventional_short_form "Sweden" );; line 106868 (wfb::names sweden local_long_form "Konungariket Sverige" );; line 106870 (wfb::names sweden local_short_form "Sverige" );; line 106872 (wfb::digraph sweden "SW" );; line 106876 (wfb::type sweden "constitutional monarchy" );; line 106880 (wfb::capital sweden stockholm-sweden );; line 106884 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_sweden_provinces "provinces" "lan" "lan" );; line 106888 (wfb::administrative_divisions sweden adm_div_sweden_provinces 24 );; line 106888 (wfb::administrative_division_of sweden adm_div_sweden_provinces "Alvsborgs Lan" );; line 106888 (wfb::administrative_division_of sweden adm_div_sweden_provinces "Blekinge Lan" );; line 106888 (wfb::administrative_division_of sweden adm_div_sweden_provinces "Gavleborgs Lan" );; line 106888 (wfb::administrative_division_of sweden adm_div_sweden_provinces "Goteborgs och Bohus Lan" );; line 106888 (wfb::administrative_division_of sweden adm_div_sweden_provinces "Gotlands Lan" );; line 106888 (wfb::administrative_division_of sweden adm_div_sweden_provinces "Hallands Lan" );; line 106888 (wfb::administrative_division_of sweden adm_div_sweden_provinces "Jamtlands Lan" );; line 106888 (wfb::administrative_division_of sweden adm_div_sweden_provinces "Jonkopings Lan" );; line 106888 (wfb::administrative_division_of sweden adm_div_sweden_provinces "Kalmar Lan" );; line 106888 (wfb::administrative_division_of sweden adm_div_sweden_provinces "Kopparbergs Lan" );; line 106888 (wfb::administrative_division_of sweden adm_div_sweden_provinces "Kristianstads Lan" );; line 106888 (wfb::administrative_division_of sweden adm_div_sweden_provinces "Kronobergs Lan" );; line 106888 (wfb::administrative_division_of sweden adm_div_sweden_provinces "Malmohus Lan" );; line 106888 (wfb::administrative_division_of sweden adm_div_sweden_provinces "Norrbottens Lan" );; line 106888 (wfb::administrative_division_of sweden adm_div_sweden_provinces "Orebro Lan" );; line 106888 (wfb::administrative_division_of sweden adm_div_sweden_provinces "Ostergotlands Lan" );; line 106888 (wfb::administrative_division_of sweden adm_div_sweden_provinces "Skaraborgs Lan" );; line 106888 (wfb::administrative_division_of sweden adm_div_sweden_provinces "Sodermanlands Lan" );; line 106888 (wfb::administrative_division_of sweden adm_div_sweden_provinces "Stockholms Lan" );; line 106888 (wfb::administrative_division_of sweden adm_div_sweden_provinces "Uppsala Lan" );; line 106888 (wfb::administrative_division_of sweden adm_div_sweden_provinces "Varmlands Lan" );; line 106888 (wfb::administrative_division_of sweden adm_div_sweden_provinces "Vasterbottens Lan" );; line 106888 (wfb::administrative_division_of sweden adm_div_sweden_provinces "Vasternorrlands Lan" );; line 106888 (wfb::administrative_division_of sweden adm_div_sweden_provinces "Vastmanlands Lan" );; line 106888 (wfb::comment independence sweden "constitutional monarchy established" );; line 106897 (wfb::independence sweden date_6_jun_1809 "n/a" );; line 106897 (wfb::national_holiday sweden "Day of the Swedish Flag" date_6_jun );; line 106901 (wfb::constitution sweden "1 January 1975" );; line 106905 (wfb::legal_system sweden "civil law system influenced by customary law; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations" );; line 106909 (wfb::comment suffrage sweden " universal" );; line 106914 (wfb::suffrage sweden (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 106914 (wfb::comment executive_branch sweden chief_of_state "Heir Apparent Princess VICTORIA Ingrid Alice Desiree, daughter of the King (born 14 July 1977)" );; line 106919 (wfb::executive_branch sweden chief_of_state "King CARL XVI GUSTAF " date_19_sep_1973 );; line 106919 (wfb::comment executive_branch sweden head_of_government "Deputy Prime Minister Mona SAHLIN (since 6 October 1994)" );; line 106923 (wfb::executive_branch sweden head_of_government "Prime Minister Ingvar CARLSSON " date_6_oct_1994 );; line 106923 (wfb::comment executive_branch sweden cabinet "appointed by the prime minister" );; line 106926 (wfb::executive_branch sweden cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 106926 (wfb::legislative_structure sweden unicameral n/a );; line 106930 (wfb::legislative_branch sweden "Parliament (Riksdag)" "elections last held 18 September 1994 (next to be held NA September 1998); results - Social Democrats 45.4%, Moderate Party (Conservatives) 22.3%, Center Party 7.7%, Liberals 7.2%, Left Party 6.2%, Greens 5.8%, Christian Democrats 4.1%, New Democracy Party 1.2%; seats - (349 total) Social Democrats 162, Moderate Party (Conservatives) 80, Center Party 27, Liberals 26, Left Party 22, Greens 18, Christian Democrats 14; note - the New Democracy Party did not receive a seat because parties require a minimum of 4.8% of votes for a seat in parliament" );; line 106932 (wfb::judicial_branch sweden "Supreme Court (Hogsta Domstolen)" );; line 106943 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders sweden "Social Democratic Party, Ingvar CARLSSON; Moderate Party (conservative), Carl BILDT; Liberal People's Party, Maria LEISSNER; Center Party, Olof JOHANSSON; Christian Democratic Party, Alf SVENSSON; New Democracy Party, Vivianne FRANZEN; Left Party (VP; Communist), Gudrun SCHYMAN; Communist Workers' Party, Rolf HAGEL; Green Party, no formal leader but party spokesperson is Birger SHLAUG" );; line 106947 (wfb::member_of sweden afdb );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden ag );; line 106956 (wfb::comment member_of sweden ag "observer" );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden asdb );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden australia_group );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden bis );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden cbss );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden ccc );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden ce );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden cern );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden ebrd );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden ece );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden efta );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden esa );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden eu-international-organization );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden fao );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden g-_6 );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden g-_8 );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden g-_9 );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden g-10 );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden gatt );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden iadb );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden iaea );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden ibrd );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden icao );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden icc );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden icftu );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden icrm );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden ida );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden iea );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden ifad );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden ifc );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden ifrcs );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden ilo );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden imf );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden imo );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden inmarsat );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden intelsat );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden interpol );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden ioc );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden iom );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden iso );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden itu );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden mtcr );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden nam );; line 106956 (wfb::comment member_of sweden nam "guest" );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden nc );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden nea );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden nib );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden nsg );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden oecd );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden onusal );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden osce );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden pca );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden pfp );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden un );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden unavem_ii );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden unctad );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden unesco );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden unhcr );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden unido );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden unikom );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden unitar );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden unmogip );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden unomig );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden unomoz );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden unprofor );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden untso );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden upu );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden wftu );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden who );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden wipo );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden wmo );; line 106956 (wfb::member_of sweden zc );; line 106956 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us sweden chief_of_mission "Ambassador Carl Henrik Sihver LILJEGREN" );; line 106967 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us sweden chancery "1501 M Street NW, Washington, DC 20005" );; line 106969 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us sweden telephone "[1] (202) 467-2600" );; line 106971 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us sweden fax "[1] (202) 467-2699" );; line 106973 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us sweden |consulate(s) general| "Los Angeles and New York" );; line 106975 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation sweden chief_of_mission "Ambassador Thomas L. SIEBERT" );; line 106980 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation sweden embassy "Strandvagen 101, S-115 89 Stockholm" );; line 106982 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation sweden mailing_address "use embassy street address" );; line 106984 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation sweden telephone "[46] (8) 783 53 00" );; line 106986 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation sweden fax "[46] (8) 661 19 64" );; line 106988 (wfb::flag sweden "blue with a yellow cross that extends to the edges of the flag; the vertical part of the cross is shifted to the hoist side in the style of the Dannebrog (Danish flag)" );; line 106992 (wfb::overview sweden "Aided by a long period of peace and neutrality during World War I through World War II, Sweden has achieved an enviable standard of living under a mixed system of high-tech capitalism and extensive welfare benefits. It has a modern distribution system, excellent internal and external communications, and a skilled labor force. Timber, hydropower, and iron ore constitute the resource base of an economy that is heavily oriented toward foreign trade. Privately owned firms account for about 90% of industrial output, of which the engineering sector accounts for 50% of output and exports. In 1990, agriculture accounted for only 1.2% of GDP and 1.9% of the jobs, Sweden being about 50% sufficient in most products. In the last few years, however, this extraordinarily favorable picture has been clouded by inflation, growing unemployment, and a gradual loss of competitiveness in international markets. Although Prime Minister BILDT's center-right minority coalition had hoped to charge ahead with free-market-oriented reforms, a skyrocketing budget deficit - about 14% of GDP in FY93/94 projections - and record unemployment have forestalled many of the plans. Unemployment in 1994 is estimated at around 9% with another 5% in job training. Continued heavy foreign exchange speculation forced the government to cooperate in late 1992 with the opposition Social Democrats on two crisis packages - one a severe austerity pact and the other a program to spur industrial competitiveness - which basically set economic policy through 1997. In November 1992, Sweden broke its tie to the EC's ECU, and the krona has since depreciated about 25% against the dollar. The boost in export competitiveness from the depreciation helped lift Sweden out of its 3-year recession. To curb the budget deficit and bolster confidence in the economy, the new Social Democratic government is proposing cuts in welfare benefits, subsidies, defense, and foreign aid. Sweden has harmonized its economic policies with those of the EU, which it joined at the start of 1995." );; line 106999 (wfb::estimation-date national_product sweden date_1994 );; line 107030 (wfb::national_product sweden (* 163.1e9 $) );; line 107030 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate sweden date_1994 );; line 107034 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate sweden (* 2.4 %) );; line 107034 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita sweden date_1994 );; line 107038 (wfb::national_product_per_capita sweden (* 18580 $) );; line 107038 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| sweden "2.5% (1994 est.)" );; line 107042 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate sweden date_1994 );; line 107046 (wfb::unemployment_rate sweden (* 8.8 %) );; line 107046 (wfb::budget sweden revenues (* 47.9e9 $) );; line 107051 (wfb::for-fiscal-year budget sweden 93 );; line 107053 (wfb::budget sweden expenditures (* 70.9e9 $) );; line 107053 (wfb::budget sweden capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 107053 (wfb::exports sweden (* 59.9e9 $) );; line 107057 (wfb::exports sweden commodities machinery n/a );; line 107059 (wfb::exports sweden commodities motor_vehicles-commodity n/a );; line 107059 (wfb::exports sweden commodities paper_products n/a );; line 107059 (wfb::exports sweden commodities pulp_and_wood n/a );; line 107059 (wfb::exports sweden commodities iron_and_steel_products n/a );; line 107059 (wfb::exports sweden commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 107059 (wfb::exports sweden commodities petroleum_and_petroleum_products n/a );; line 107059 (wfb::measurement-date exports sweden date_1992 );; line 107062 (wfb::comment exports sweden "Germany 15%, UK 9.7%, Denmark 7.2%, France 5.8%" );; line 107062 (wfb::exports sweden partners ec (* 55.8 %) );; line 107062 (wfb::comment exports sweden "Norway 8.4%, Finland 5.1%" );; line 107062 (wfb::exports sweden partners efta-georef (* 17.4 %) );; line 107062 (wfb::exports sweden partners us (* 8.2 %) );; line 107062 (wfb::exports sweden partners central_and_eastern_europe (* 2.5 %) );; line 107062 (wfb::imports sweden (* 49.6e9 $) );; line 107068 (wfb::imports sweden commodities machinery n/a );; line 107070 (wfb::imports sweden commodities petroleum_and_petroleum_products n/a );; line 107070 (wfb::imports sweden commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 107070 (wfb::imports sweden commodities motor_vehicles-commodity n/a );; line 107070 (wfb::imports sweden commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 107070 (wfb::imports sweden commodities iron_and_steel n/a );; line 107070 (wfb::imports sweden commodities clothing-commodity n/a );; line 107070 (wfb::measurement-date imports sweden date_1992 );; line 107073 (wfb::comment imports sweden "Germany 17.9%, UK 6.3%, Denmark 7.5%, France 4.9%" );; line 107073 (wfb::imports sweden partners ec (* 53.6 %) );; line 107073 (wfb::imports sweden partners (union efta us ) (* 8.4 %) );; line 107073 (wfb::imports sweden partners central_and_eastern_europe (* 3 %) );; line 107073 (wfb::external_debt sweden (* n/a $) );; line 107078 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 107082 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production sweden date_1994 );; line 107082 (wfb::industrial_production sweden growth_rate (* 9 %) );; line 107082 (wfb::electricity sweden capacity (* 34560000 kw) );; line 107087 (wfb::electricity sweden production (* 141e9 kwh) );; line 107089 (wfb::measurement-date electricity sweden consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 107091 (wfb::electricity sweden consumption_per_capita (* 14891 kwh) );; line 107091 (wfb::industry sweden iron );; line 107095 (wfb::industry sweden steel );; line 107095 (wfb::industry sweden |precision equipment (bearings, radio and telephone parts, armaments)| );; line 107095 (wfb::industry sweden wood_pulp_and_paper_products );; line 107095 (wfb::industry sweden processed_foods );; line 107095 (wfb::industry sweden motor_vehicles );; line 107095 (wfb::agriculture sweden "animal husbandry predominates, with milk and dairy products accounting for 37% of farm income; main crops - grains, sugar beets, potatoes; 100% self-sufficient in grains and potatoes; Sweden is about 50% self-sufficient in most products" );; line 107101 (wfb::illicit_drugs sweden "transshipment point for narcotics shipped via the CIS and Baltic states for the European market" );; line 107108 (wfb::economic_aid sweden donor "ODA and OOF commitments (1970-89), $10.3 billion" );; line 107114 (wfb::abbreviation swedish_krona "SKr" );; line 107118 (wfb::currency sweden swedish_krona 100 oere );; line 107118 (wfb::exchange_rates sweden "Swedish kronor (SKr) per US$1 - 7.4675 (January 1995), 7.7160 (1994), 7.7834 (1993), 5.8238 (1992), 6.0475 (1991) 5.9188 (1990)" );; line 107122 (wfb::fiscal_year sweden date_1_jul date_30_jun );; line 107127 (wfb::railroads sweden total "12,000 km (includes 953 km of privately owned railways)" );; line 107133 (wfb::railroads sweden standard_gauge "10,742 km 1.435-m gauge (7,502 km electrified and 1,152 km double track); 8 km 1.435-m gauge (electrified; privately owned)" );; line 107135 (wfb::railroads sweden narrow_gauge "61 km 0.891-m gauge (electrified; privately owned)" );; line 107138 (wfb::railroads sweden other "1,189 km NA-m gauge (1994)" );; line 107140 (wfb::highways sweden total (* 135859 km) );; line 107145 (wfb::comment highways sweden paved "including 936 km of expressways" );; line 107147 (wfb::measurement-date highways sweden date_1991 );; line 107149 (wfb::comment highways sweden unpaved "1991" );; line 107149 (wfb::measurement-date highways sweden unpaved gravel date_1991 );; line 107149 (wfb::highways sweden gravel (* 38041 km) );; line 107149 (wfb::inland_waterways sweden "2,052 km navigable for small steamers and barges" );; line 107153 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 84 km) );; line 107157 (wfb::port sweden gavle-sweden );; line 107161 (wfb::port sweden goteborg-sweden );; line 107161 (wfb::port sweden halmstad-sweden );; line 107161 (wfb::port sweden helsingborg-sweden );; line 107161 (wfb::port sweden hudiksvall-sweden );; line 107161 (wfb::port sweden kalmar-sweden );; line 107161 (wfb::port sweden karlshamn-sweden );; line 107161 (wfb::port sweden malmo-sweden );; line 107161 (wfb::port sweden solvesborg-sweden );; line 107161 (wfb::port sweden stockholm-sweden );; line 107161 (wfb::port sweden sundsvall-sweden );; line 107161 (wfb::merchant_marine sweden total "157 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,872,350 GRT/2,075,722 DWT" );; line 107167 (wfb::merchant_marine sweden ships_by_type "bulk 10, cargo 24, chemical tanker 25, combination ore/oil 1, container 2, oil tanker 31, railcar carrier 2, refrigerated cargo 1, roll-on/roll-off cargo 37, short-sea passenger 8, specialized tanker 4, vehicle carrier 12" );; line 107170 (wfb::airports sweden total 253 );; line 107178 (wfb::airports sweden |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 2 );; line 107180 (wfb::airports sweden |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 8 );; line 107182 (wfb::airports sweden |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 84 );; line 107184 (wfb::airports sweden |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 26 );; line 107186 (wfb::airports sweden with_paved_runways_under_914_m 129 );; line 107188 (wfb::airports sweden |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 4 );; line 107190 (wfb::telephone_system sweden "8,200,000 telephones; excellent domestic and international facilities; automatic system" );; line 107195 (wfb::telephone_system sweden local "NA" );; line 107198 (wfb::telephone_system sweden intercity "coaxial and multiconductor cable carry most voice traffic; parallel microwave network carries TV, radio, and some additional telephone channels" );; line 107200 (wfb::telephone_system sweden international "5 submarine coaxial cables; 1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) and 1 EUTELSAT earth station" );; line 107204 (wfb::radio sweden broadcast_stations am 5 );; line 107210 (wfb::comment radio sweden broadcast_stations fm "mostly repeaters" );; line 107210 (wfb::radio sweden broadcast_stations fm 360 );; line 107210 (wfb::radio sweden broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 107210 (wfb::radio sweden radios 7e6 );; line 107212 (wfb::comment television sweden broadcast_stations "mostly repeaters" );; line 107217 (wfb::television sweden broadcast_stations 880 );; line 107217 (wfb::television sweden televisions 3.5e6 );; line 107219 (wfb::defense_branch sweden swedish_army_sweden );; line 107225 (wfb::defense_branch sweden royal_swedish_navy_sweden );; line 107225 (wfb::defense_branch sweden swedish_air_force_sweden );; line 107225 (wfb::manpower_availability sweden "males age 15-49 2,133,420; males fit for military service 1,864,258; males reach military age (19) annually 52,937 (1995 est.)" );; line 107229 (wfb::for-fiscal-year defense_expenditures sweden 94 );; line 107234 (wfb::defense_expenditures sweden (* 5.4e9 $) );; line 107234 (wfb::defense_expenditures sweden (* 2.4 %_of_gdp) );; line 107234 (wfb::markup-parameter figure switzerland "graphno=\"sz.tif\"" );; line 107240 (wfb::location switzerland "Central Europe, east of France" );; line 107244 (wfb::map_references switzerland "Europe" );; line 107248 (wfb::area switzerland total_area (* 41290 sq_km) );; line 107253 (wfb::area switzerland land_area (* 39770 sq_km) );; line 107255 (wfb::area switzerland comparative_area "slightly more than twice the size of New Jersey" );; line 107257 (wfb::borders switzerland total (* 1852 km) );; line 107261 (wfb::borders switzerland austria (* 164 km) );; line 107261 (wfb::borders switzerland france (* 573 km) );; line 107261 (wfb::borders switzerland italy (* 740 km) );; line 107261 (wfb::borders switzerland liechtenstein (* 41 km) );; line 107261 (wfb::borders switzerland germany (* 334 km) );; line 107261 (wfb::comment coastline switzerland "landlocked" );; line 107266 (wfb::coastline switzerland (* 0 km) );; line 107266 (wfb::maritime_claims switzerland "none; landlocked" );; line 107270 (wfb::international_disputes switzerland "none" );; line 107274 (wfb::climate switzerland "temperate, but varies with altitude" );; line 107278 (wfb::climate switzerland "cold, cloudy, rainy/snowy winters" );; line 107278 (wfb::climate switzerland "cool to warm, cloudy, humid summers with occasional showers" );; line 107278 (wfb::terrain switzerland "mostly mountains (Alps in south, Jura in northwest) with a central plateau of rolling hills, plains, and large lakes" );; line 107283 (wfb::natural-resource switzerland hydropower_potential );; line 107288 (wfb::natural-resource switzerland timber );; line 107288 (wfb::natural-resource switzerland salt );; line 107288 (wfb::land_use switzerland arable_land (* 10 %) );; line 107293 (wfb::land_use switzerland permanent_crops (* 1 %) );; line 107295 (wfb::land_use switzerland meadows_and_pastures (* 40 %) );; line 107297 (wfb::land_use switzerland forest_and_woodland (* 26 %) );; line 107299 (wfb::land_use switzerland other (* 23 %) );; line 107301 (wfb::measurement-date irrigated_land switzerland date_1989 );; line 107305 (wfb::irrigated_land switzerland (* 250 sq_km) );; line 107305 (wfb::environment switzerland current_issues "air pollution from vehicle emissions and open air burning" );; line 107310 (wfb::environment switzerland current_issues "acid rain" );; line 107310 (wfb::environment switzerland current_issues "water pollution from increased use of agricultural fertilizers" );; line 107310 (wfb::environment switzerland current_issues "loss of biodiversity" );; line 107310 (wfb::environment switzerland natural_hazards "avalanches, landslides, flash floods" );; line 107314 (wfb::environment switzerland international_agreements "party to - Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands, Whaling" );; line 107316 (wfb::environment switzerland international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Desertification, Law of the Sea" );; line 107316 (wfb::note switzerland "landlocked; crossroads of northern and southern Europe; along with southeastern France and northern Italy, contains the highest elevations in Europe" );; line 107326 (wfb::estimation-date population switzerland date_jul_1995 );; line 107334 (wfb::population switzerland 7084984 );; line 107334 (wfb::age_structure switzerland 0-14_years (* 17 %) );; line 107339 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex switzerland 0-14_years female 594565 );; line 107339 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex switzerland 0-14_years male 622436 );; line 107339 (wfb::age_structure switzerland 15-64_years (* 68 %) );; line 107341 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex switzerland 15-64_years female 2375792 );; line 107341 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex switzerland 15-64_years male 2448213 );; line 107341 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure switzerland 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 107343 (wfb::age_structure switzerland 65_years_and_over (* 15 %) );; line 107343 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex switzerland 65_years_and_over female 623136 );; line 107343 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex switzerland 65_years_and_over male 420842 );; line 107343 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate switzerland date_1995 );; line 107347 (wfb::population_growth_rate switzerland (* 0.57 %) );; line 107347 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate switzerland date_1995 );; line 107351 (wfb::birth_rate switzerland (* 12.04 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 107351 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate switzerland date_1995 );; line 107355 (wfb::death_rate switzerland (* 9.16 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 107355 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate switzerland date_1995 );; line 107359 (wfb::net_migration_rate switzerland (* 2.82 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 107359 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate switzerland date_1995 );; line 107363 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate switzerland (* 6.3 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 107363 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth switzerland total_population (* 78.36 years) );; line 107368 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth switzerland male (* 74.99 years) );; line 107370 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth switzerland female date_1995 );; line 107372 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth switzerland female (* 81.88 years) );; line 107372 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate switzerland date_1995 );; line 107376 (wfb::total_fertility_rate switzerland (* 1.6 children_born/woman) );; line 107376 (wfb::nationality switzerland noun "Swiss (singular and plural)" );; line 107381 (wfb::nationality switzerland adjective "Swiss" );; line 107383 (wfb::measurement-date religion date_1980 );; line 107394 (wfb::religion switzerland roman_catholic (* 47.6 %) );; line 107394 (wfb::religion switzerland protestant (* 44.3 %) );; line 107394 (wfb::language switzerland german (* 65 %) );; line 107398 (wfb::language switzerland french (* 18 %) );; line 107398 (wfb::language switzerland italian (* 12 %) );; line 107398 (wfb::language switzerland romansch (* 1 %) );; line 107398 (wfb::comment languages switzerland "figures for Swiss nationals only -" );; line 107400 (wfb::comment languages switzerland "German 74%, French 20%, Italian 4%, Romansch 1%, other 1%" );; line 107401 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition switzerland date_1980 );; line 107405 (wfb::literacy-condition switzerland "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 107405 (wfb::literacy switzerland total_population (* 99 %) );; line 107407 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force switzerland by_occupation date_1992 );; line 107413 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1992 );; line 107413 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation switzerland services (* 50 %) );; line 107413 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation switzerland industry_and_crafts (* 34 %) );; line 107413 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation switzerland government (* 10 %) );; line 107413 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation switzerland agriculture_and_forestry (* 6 %) );; line 107413 (wfb::names switzerland conventional_long_form "Swiss Confederation" );; line 107420 (wfb::names switzerland conventional_short_form "Switzerland" );; line 107422 (wfb::names switzerland local_long_form "Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft (German) Confederation Suisse (French) Confederazione Svizzera (Italian)" );; line 107424 (wfb::names switzerland local_short_form "Schweiz (German) Suisse (French) Svizzera (Italian)" );; line 107427 (wfb::digraph switzerland "SZ" );; line 107431 (wfb::type switzerland "federal republic" );; line 107435 (wfb::capital switzerland bern-switzerland );; line 107439 (wfb::independence switzerland date_1_aug_1291 "n/a" );; line 107452 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1291 );; line 107456 (wfb::comment national_holiday switzerland "1291" );; line 107456 (wfb::national_holiday switzerland "Anniversary of the Founding of the Swiss Confederation" date_1_aug );; line 107456 (wfb::constitution switzerland "29 May 1874" );; line 107461 (wfb::legal_system switzerland "civil law system influenced by customary law; judicial review of legislative acts, except with respect to federal decrees of general obligatory character; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations" );; line 107465 (wfb::comment suffrage switzerland " universal" );; line 107471 (wfb::suffrage switzerland (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 107471 (wfb::comment executive_branch switzerland chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "Vice President Jean-Pascal DELAMURAZ (term runs concurrently with that of president)" );; line 107476 (wfb::executive_branch switzerland chief_of_state "President Kaspar VILLIGER (1995 calendar year; presidency rotates annually)" n/a );; line 107476 (wfb::executive_branch switzerland head_of_government "President Kaspar VILLIGER (1995 calendar year; presidency rotates annually)" n/a );; line 107476 (wfb::comment executive_branch switzerland cabinet "elected by the Federal Assembly from own members" );; line 107480 (wfb::executive_branch switzerland cabinet "Federal Council (German - Bundesrat, French - Censeil Federal, Italian - Consiglio Federale)" );; line 107480 (wfb::legislative_branch switzerland "Council of States" "German - Standerat, French - Conseil des Etats, Italian - Consiglio degli Stati; elections last held throughout 1991 (next to be held NA 1995); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (46 total) FDP 18, CVP 16, SVP 4, SPS 3, LPS 3, LdU 1, Ticino League 1" );; line 107489 (wfb::legislative_branch switzerland "National Council" "German - Nationalrat, French - Conseil National, Italian - Consiglio Nazionale; elections last held 20 October 1991 (next to be held NA October 1995); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (200 total) FDP 44, SPS 42, CVP 37, SVP 25, GPS 14, LPS 10, AP 8, LdU 6, SD 5, EVP 3, PdA 2, Ticino League 2, other 2" );; line 107494 (wfb::judicial_branch switzerland "Federal Supreme Court" );; line 107502 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders switzerland "Free Democratic Party (FDP), Franz STEINEGGER, president; Social Democratic Party (SPS), Peter BODENMANN, president; Christian Democratic People's Party (CVP), Anton COTTIER, president; Swiss People's Party (SVP), Hans UHLMANN, president; Green Party (GPS), Verena DIENER, president; Freedom Party (FPS), Roland BORER, president; Liberal Party (LPS), Christoph EYMANN, president; Alliance of Independents' Party (LdU), Monica WEBER, president; Ticino League, Giuliano BIGNASCA, president; and other minor parties including the Automobile Party (AP), Swiss Democratic Party (SD), Workers' Party (PdA), and the Evangelical People's Party (EVP); note - see elections" );; line 107506 (wfb::member_of switzerland afdb );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland ag );; line 107518 (wfb::comment member_of switzerland ag "observer" );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland asdb );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland australia_group );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland bis );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland ccc );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland ce );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland cern );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland ebrd );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland ece );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland efta );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland esa );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland fao );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland g-_8 );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland g-10 );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland gatt );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland iadb );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland iaea );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland ibrd );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland icao );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland icc );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland icftu );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland icrm );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland ida );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland iea );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland ifad );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland ifc );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland ifrcs );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland ilo );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland imf );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland imo );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland inmarsat );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland intelsat );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland interpol );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland ioc );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland iom );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland iso );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland itu );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland minurso );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland mtcr );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland nam );; line 107518 (wfb::comment member_of switzerland nam "guest" );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland nea );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland nsg );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland oas );; line 107518 (wfb::comment member_of switzerland oas "observer" );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland oecd );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland osce );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland pca );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland un );; line 107518 (wfb::comment member_of switzerland un "observer" );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland unctad );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland unesco );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland unhcr );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland unido );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland unitar );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland unmih );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland unomig );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland unprofor );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland untso );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland unu );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland upu );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland wcl );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland who );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland wipo );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland wmo );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland wto );; line 107518 (wfb::member_of switzerland zc );; line 107518 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us switzerland chief_of_mission "Ambassador Carlo JAGMETTI" );; line 107528 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us switzerland chancery "2900 Cathedral Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 107530 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us switzerland telephone "[1] (202) 745-7900" );; line 107532 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us switzerland fax "[1] (202) 387-2564" );; line 107534 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us switzerland |consulate(s) general| "Atlanta, Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, New York, Pago Pago (American Samoa), and San Francisco" );; line 107536 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation switzerland chief_of_mission "Ambassador M. Larry LAWRENCE" );; line 107542 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation switzerland embassy "Jubilaeumstrasse 93, 3005 Bern" );; line 107544 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation switzerland mailing_address "use embassy street address" );; line 107546 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation switzerland telephone "[41] (31) 357 70 11" );; line 107548 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation switzerland fax "[41] (31) 357 73 44" );; line 107550 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation switzerland branch_office "Geneva" );; line 107552 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation switzerland |consulate(s) general| "Zurich" );; line 107554 (wfb::flag switzerland "red square with a bold, equilateral white cross in the center that does not extend to the edges of the flag" );; line 107558 (wfb::overview switzerland "Switzerland's economy - one of the most prosperous and stable in the world - is nonetheless undergoing a stressful adjustment after both the inflationary boom of the late 1980s and the electorate's rejection of membership in the European Economic Area (EEA) in 1992. So far the decision to remain outside the European single market structure does not appear to have harmed Swiss interests. In December 1994, the Swiss began bilateral negotiations with the EU aimed at establishing closer ties in areas of mutual interest and progressing toward the free circulation of persons, goods, capital, and services between the two parties. The Swiss emerged from a three-year recession in mid-1993 and posted 1.8% GDP growth in 1994. The Swiss central bank's tight monetary policies brought inflation down from about 4% in 1992 to just under 1% in 1994. Unemployment has fallen slightly from 5.1% in 1993 to 4.7% in 1994. Swiss per capita output, living standards, education, and health care remain unsurpassed in Europe. The country has few mineral resources, but its spectacular natural beauty sustains a substantial tourism industry." );; line 107564 (wfb::estimation-date national_product switzerland date_1994 );; line 107583 (wfb::national_product switzerland (* 148.4e9 $) );; line 107583 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate switzerland date_1994 );; line 107587 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate switzerland (* 1.8 %) );; line 107587 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita switzerland date_1994 );; line 107591 (wfb::national_product_per_capita switzerland (* 22080 $) );; line 107591 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| switzerland "0.9% (1994 est.)" );; line 107595 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate switzerland date_1994 );; line 107599 (wfb::unemployment_rate switzerland (* 4.7 %) );; line 107599 (wfb::budget switzerland revenues (* 26.7e9 $) );; line 107604 (wfb::estimation-date budget switzerland date_1994 );; line 107606 (wfb::budget switzerland expenditures (* 32e9 $) );; line 107606 (wfb::budget switzerland capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 107606 (wfb::exports switzerland (* 69.6e9 $) );; line 107610 (wfb::exports switzerland commodities machinery_and_equipment n/a );; line 107612 (wfb::exports switzerland commodities precision_instruments-commodity n/a );; line 107612 (wfb::exports switzerland commodities metal_products-commodity n/a );; line 107612 (wfb::exports switzerland commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 107612 (wfb::exports switzerland commodities textiles_and_clothing n/a );; line 107612 (wfb::comment exports switzerland "EU countries 56%, other 7.1%" );; line 107615 (wfb::exports switzerland partners western_europe (* 63.1 %) );; line 107615 (wfb::exports switzerland partners us (* 8.8 %) );; line 107615 (wfb::exports switzerland partners japan (* 3.4 %) );; line 107615 (wfb::imports switzerland (* 68.2e9 $) );; line 107620 (wfb::imports switzerland commodities agricultural_products n/a );; line 107622 (wfb::imports switzerland commodities machinery_and_transportation_equipment n/a );; line 107622 (wfb::imports switzerland commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 107622 (wfb::imports switzerland commodities textiles-commodity n/a );; line 107622 (wfb::imports switzerland commodities construction_materials n/a );; line 107622 (wfb::comment imports switzerland "EU countries 72.3%, other 6.9%" );; line 107625 (wfb::imports switzerland partners western_europe (* 79.2 %) );; line 107625 (wfb::imports switzerland partners us (* 6.4 %) );; line 107625 (wfb::external_debt switzerland (* n/a $) );; line 107629 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 107633 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production switzerland date_1993 );; line 107633 (wfb::industrial_production switzerland growth_rate (* 0 %) );; line 107633 (wfb::electricity switzerland capacity (* 15430000 kw) );; line 107638 (wfb::electricity switzerland production (* 58e9 kwh) );; line 107640 (wfb::measurement-date electricity switzerland consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 107642 (wfb::electricity switzerland consumption_per_capita (* 6699 kwh) );; line 107642 (wfb::industry switzerland machinery-industry );; line 107646 (wfb::industry switzerland chemicals );; line 107646 (wfb::industry switzerland watches );; line 107646 (wfb::industry switzerland textiles );; line 107646 (wfb::industry switzerland precision_instruments );; line 107646 (wfb::agriculture switzerland "dairy farming predominates; less than 50% self-sufficient in food; must import fish, refined sugar, fats and oils (other than butter), grains, eggs, fruits, vegetables, meat" );; line 107650 (wfb::illicit_drugs switzerland "money-laundering center" );; line 107656 (wfb::economic_aid switzerland donor "ODA and OOF commitments (1970-89), $3.5 billion" );; line 107661 (wfb::abbreviation |Swiss franc, franken, or franco| "SwF" );; line 107665 (wfb::currency switzerland |Swiss franc, franken, or franco| 100 |centimes, rappen, or centesimi| );; line 107665 (wfb::exchange_rates switzerland "Swiss francs, franken, or franchi (SwF) per US$1 - 1.2880 (January 1995), 1.3677 (1994), 1.4776 (1993), 1.4062 (1992), 1.4340 (1991), 1.3892 (1990)" );; line 107670 (wfb::fiscal_year switzerland date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 107676 (wfb::railroads switzerland total "5,763 km (1,432 km double track)" );; line 107682 (wfb::railroads switzerland standard_gauge "3,533 km 1.435-m gauge (99% electrified; 560 km nongovernment owned)" );; line 107684 (wfb::railroads switzerland narrow_gauge "1,094 km 1.000-m gauge (99% electrified; 1,020 km nongovernment owned)" );; line 107687 (wfb::railroads switzerland other "1,136 km NA-m gauge (1994)" );; line 107690 (wfb::highways switzerland total (* 71118 km) );; line 107695 (wfb::comment highways switzerland paved "including 1,514 km of expressways" );; line 107697 (wfb::inland_waterways switzerland "65 km; Rhine (Basel to Rheinfelden, Schaffhausen to Bodensee); 12 navigable lakes" );; line 107701 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 314 km) );; line 107706 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 1506 km) );; line 107706 (wfb::port switzerland basel-switzerland );; line 107710 (wfb::merchant_marine switzerland total "22 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 374,935 GRT/669,353 DWT" );; line 107715 (wfb::merchant_marine switzerland ships_by_type "bulk 12, cargo 2, chemical tanker 4, oil tanker 2, roll-on/roll-off cargo 1, specialized tanker 1" );; line 107717 (wfb::airports switzerland total 69 );; line 107723 (wfb::airports switzerland |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 4 );; line 107725 (wfb::airports switzerland |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 3 );; line 107727 (wfb::airports switzerland |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 14 );; line 107729 (wfb::airports switzerland |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 5 );; line 107731 (wfb::airports switzerland with_paved_runways_under_914_m 42 );; line 107733 (wfb::airports switzerland |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 107735 (wfb::telephone_system switzerland "5,890,000 telephones; excellent domestic, international, and broadcast services" );; line 107740 (wfb::telephone_system switzerland local "NA" );; line 107743 (wfb::telephone_system switzerland intercity "extensive cable and microwave networks" );; line 107745 (wfb::telephone_system switzerland international "2 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean and Indian Ocean) earth stations" );; line 107747 (wfb::radio switzerland broadcast_stations am 7 );; line 107752 (wfb::radio switzerland broadcast_stations fm 265 );; line 107752 (wfb::radio switzerland broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 107752 (wfb::radio switzerland radios n/a );; line 107754 (wfb::comment television switzerland broadcast_stations "repeaters 1,322" );; line 107759 (wfb::television switzerland broadcast_stations 18 );; line 107759 (wfb::television switzerland televisions n/a );; line 107761 (wfb::defense_branch switzerland army_switzerland );; line 107767 (wfb::defense_branch switzerland air_force_and_antiaircraft_command_switzerland );; line 107767 (wfb::manpower_availability switzerland "males age 15-49 1,847,639; males fit for military service 1,582,335; males reach military age (20) annually 41,831 (1995 est.)" );; line 107771 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures switzerland date_1995 );; line 107776 (wfb::defense_expenditures switzerland (* 4.1e9 $) );; line 107776 (wfb::defense_expenditures switzerland (* 1.4 %_of_gdp) );; line 107776 (wfb::markup-parameter figure syria "graphno=\"sy.tif\"" );; line 107782 (wfb::location syria "Middle East, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Lebanon and Turkey" );; line 107786 (wfb::map_references syria "Middle East" );; line 107791 (wfb::area syria total_area (* 185180 sq_km) );; line 107796 (wfb::area syria land_area (* 184050 sq_km) );; line 107798 (wfb::area syria comparative_area "slightly larger than North Dakota" );; line 107800 (wfb::comment area syria "includes 1,295 sq km of Israeli-occupied territory" );; line 107802 (wfb::borders syria total (* 2253 km) );; line 107806 (wfb::borders syria iraq (* 605 km) );; line 107806 (wfb::borders syria israel (* 76 km) );; line 107806 (wfb::borders syria jordan (* 375 km) );; line 107806 (wfb::borders syria lebanon (* 375 km) );; line 107806 (wfb::borders syria turkey (* 822 km) );; line 107806 (wfb::coastline syria (* 193 km) );; line 107811 (wfb::maritime_claims syria contiguous_zone (* 41 nm) );; line 107816 (wfb::maritime_claims syria territorial_sea (* 35 nm) );; line 107818 (wfb::international_disputes syria "separated from Israel by the 1949 Armistice Line" );; line 107822 (wfb::international_disputes syria "Golan Heights is Israeli occupied" );; line 107822 (wfb::international_disputes syria "Hatay question with Turkey" );; line 107822 (wfb::international_disputes syria "ongoing dispute over water development plans by Turkey for the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers" );; line 107822 (wfb::international_disputes syria "Syrian troops in northern Lebanon since October 1976" );; line 107822 (wfb::climate syria "mostly desert" );; line 107829 (wfb::climate syria "hot, dry, sunny summers (June to August) and mild, rainy winters (December to February) along coast" );; line 107829 (wfb::climate syria "cold weather with snow or sleet periodically hits Damascus" );; line 107829 (wfb::terrain syria "primarily semiarid and desert plateau" );; line 107835 (wfb::terrain syria "narrow coastal plain" );; line 107835 (wfb::terrain syria "mountains in west" );; line 107835 (wfb::natural-resource syria petroleum );; line 107840 (wfb::natural-resource syria phosphates );; line 107840 (wfb::natural-resource syria chrome_and_manganese_ores );; line 107840 (wfb::natural-resource syria asphalt-natural-resource );; line 107840 (wfb::natural-resource syria iron_ore );; line 107840 (wfb::natural-resource syria rock_salt );; line 107840 (wfb::natural-resource syria marble );; line 107840 (wfb::natural-resource syria gypsum );; line 107840 (wfb::land_use syria arable_land (* 28 %) );; line 107846 (wfb::land_use syria permanent_crops (* 3 %) );; line 107848 (wfb::land_use syria meadows_and_pastures (* 46 %) );; line 107850 (wfb::land_use syria forest_and_woodland (* 3 %) );; line 107852 (wfb::land_use syria other (* 20 %) );; line 107854 (wfb::measurement-date irrigated_land syria date_1992 );; line 107858 (wfb::irrigated_land syria (* 10000 sq_km) );; line 107858 (wfb::environment syria current_issues "deforestation" );; line 107863 (wfb::environment syria current_issues "overgrazing" );; line 107863 (wfb::environment syria current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 107863 (wfb::environment syria current_issues "desertification" );; line 107863 (wfb::environment syria current_issues "water pollution from dumping of raw sewage and wastes from petroleum refining" );; line 107863 (wfb::environment syria current_issues "inadequate supplies of potable water" );; line 107863 (wfb::environment syria natural_hazards "dust storms, sandstorms" );; line 107867 (wfb::environment syria international_agreements "party to - Hazardous Wastes, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution" );; line 107869 (wfb::environment syria international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Desertification, Environmental Modification" );; line 107869 (wfb::note syria "there are 42 Jewish settlements and civilian land use sites in the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights (August 1994 est.)" );; line 107875 (wfb::estimation-date population syria date_jul_1995 );; line 107882 (wfb::population syria 15451917 );; line 107882 (wfb::comment population syria "in addition, there are 31,000 people living in the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights - 16,500 Arabs (15,000 Druze and 1,500 Alawites) and 14,500 Jewish settlers (August 1994 est.)" );; line 107884 (wfb::age_structure syria 0-14_years (* 48 %) );; line 107891 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex syria 0-14_years female 3639776 );; line 107891 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex syria 0-14_years male 3826154 );; line 107891 (wfb::age_structure syria 15-64_years (* 49 %) );; line 107893 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex syria 15-64_years female 3691862 );; line 107893 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex syria 15-64_years male 3854989 );; line 107893 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure syria 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 107895 (wfb::age_structure syria 65_years_and_over (* 3 %) );; line 107895 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex syria 65_years_and_over female 219251 );; line 107895 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex syria 65_years_and_over male 219885 );; line 107895 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate syria date_1995 );; line 107899 (wfb::population_growth_rate syria (* 3.71 %) );; line 107899 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate syria date_1995 );; line 107903 (wfb::birth_rate syria (* 43.21 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 107903 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate syria date_1995 );; line 107907 (wfb::death_rate syria (* 6.07 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 107907 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate syria date_1995 );; line 107911 (wfb::net_migration_rate syria (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 107911 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate syria date_1995 );; line 107915 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate syria (* 41.1 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 107915 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth syria total_population (* 66.81 years) );; line 107920 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth syria male (* 65.67 years) );; line 107922 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth syria female date_1995 );; line 107924 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth syria female (* 68.01 years) );; line 107924 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate syria date_1995 );; line 107928 (wfb::total_fertility_rate syria (* 6.55 children_born/woman) );; line 107928 (wfb::nationality syria noun "Syrian(s)" );; line 107933 (wfb::nationality syria adjective "Syrian" );; line 107935 (wfb::ethnic-entity syria arab (* 90.3 %) );; line 107939 (wfb::comment religions syria "tiny communities in Damascus, Al Qamishli, and Aleppo" );; line 107943 (wfb::religion syria sunni_muslim (* 74 %) );; line 107943 (wfb::religion syria |Christian (various sects)| (* 10 %) );; line 107943 (wfb::religion syria jewish n/a );; line 107943 (wfb::language syria arabic n/a );; line 107949 (wfb::comment language syria arabic "official" );; line 107949 (wfb::language syria kurdish n/a );; line 107949 (wfb::language syria armenian-language-group n/a );; line 107949 (wfb::language syria aramaic n/a );; line 107949 (wfb::language syria circassian-language-group n/a );; line 107949 (wfb::language syria french_widely_understood n/a );; line 107949 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition syria date_1990 );; line 107954 (wfb::literacy-condition syria "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 107954 (wfb::literacy syria total_population (* 64 %) );; line 107956 (wfb::literacy syria male (* 78 %) );; line 107958 (wfb::literacy syria female (* 51 %) );; line 107960 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force syria date_1994 );; line 107964 (wfb::total_labor_force syria 4.3e6 );; line 107964 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force syria by_occupation date_1984 );; line 107966 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1984 );; line 107966 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation syria miscellaneous_and_government_services (* 36 %) );; line 107966 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation syria agriculture (* 32 %) );; line 107966 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation syria industry_and_construction (* 32 %) );; line 107966 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation syria note_-_shortage_of_skilled_labor n/a );; line 107966 (wfb::names syria conventional_long_form "Syrian Arab Republic" );; line 107973 (wfb::names syria conventional_short_form "Syria" );; line 107975 (wfb::names syria local_long_form "Al Jumhuriyah al Arabiyah as Suriyah" );; line 107977 (wfb::names syria local_short_form "Suriyah" );; line 107979 (wfb::names syria former "United Arab Republic (with Egypt)" );; line 107981 (wfb::digraph syria "SY" );; line 107985 (wfb::type syria "republic under leftwing military regime since March 1963" );; line 107989 (wfb::capital syria damascus-syria );; line 107993 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_syria_provinces "provinces" "muhafazat" "muhafazah" );; line 107997 (wfb::administrative_divisions syria adm_div_syria_provinces 14 );; line 107997 (wfb::administrative_division_of syria adm_div_syria_provinces "Al Hasakah" );; line 107997 (wfb::administrative_division_of syria adm_div_syria_provinces "Al Ladhiqiyah" );; line 107997 (wfb::administrative_division_of syria adm_div_syria_provinces "Al Qunaytirah" );; line 107997 (wfb::administrative_division_of syria adm_div_syria_provinces "Ar Raqqah" );; line 107997 (wfb::administrative_division_of syria adm_div_syria_provinces "As Suwayda'" );; line 107997 (wfb::administrative_division_of syria adm_div_syria_provinces "Dar'a" );; line 107997 (wfb::administrative_division_of syria adm_div_syria_provinces "Dayr az Zawr" );; line 107997 (wfb::administrative_division_of syria adm_div_syria_provinces "Dimashq" );; line 107997 (wfb::administrative_division_of syria adm_div_syria_provinces "Halab" );; line 107997 (wfb::administrative_division_of syria adm_div_syria_provinces "Hamah" );; line 107997 (wfb::administrative_division_of syria adm_div_syria_provinces "Hims" );; line 107997 (wfb::administrative_division_of syria adm_div_syria_provinces "Idlib" );; line 107997 (wfb::administrative_division_of syria adm_div_syria_provinces "Rif Dimashq" );; line 107997 (wfb::administrative_division_of syria adm_div_syria_provinces "Tartus" );; line 107997 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1946 );; line 108008 (wfb::comment national_holiday syria "1946" );; line 108008 (wfb::national_holiday syria "National Day" date_17_apr );; line 108008 (wfb::constitution syria "13 March 1973" );; line 108012 (wfb::legal_system syria "based on Islamic law and civil law system; special religious courts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 108016 (wfb::comment suffrage syria " universal" );; line 108021 (wfb::suffrage syria (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 108021 (wfb::comment executive_branch syria chief_of_state "Vice Presidents 'Abd al-Halim ibn Said KHADDAM, Rif'at al-ASAD, and Muhammad Zuhayr MASHARIQA (since 11 March 1984)" );; line 108026 (wfb::comment executive_branch syria chief_of_state "election last held 2 December 1991 (next to be held NA December 1998)" );; line 108026 (wfb::comment executive_branch syria chief_of_state "results - President Hafiz al-ASAD was reelected for a fourth seven-year term with 99.98% of the vote" );; line 108026 (wfb::comment executive_branch syria chief_of_state "note - President ASAD seized power in the November 1970 coup, assumed presidential powers 22 February 1971, and was confirmed as president in the 12 March 1971 national elections" );; line 108026 (wfb::comment executive_branch syria chief_of_state "see note)" );; line 108026 (wfb::executive_branch syria chief_of_state "President Hafiz al-ASAD " date_22_feb_1971 );; line 108026 (wfb::comment executive_branch syria head_of_government "Deputy Prime Minister Lt. Gen. Mustafa TALAS (since 11 March 1984)" );; line 108035 (wfb::comment executive_branch syria head_of_government "Deputy Prime Minister Salim YASIN (since NA December 1981)" );; line 108035 (wfb::comment executive_branch syria head_of_government "Deputy Prime Minister Rashid AKHTARINI (since 4 July 1992)" );; line 108035 (wfb::executive_branch syria head_of_government "Prime Minister Mahmud ZU'BI " date_1_nov_1987 );; line 108035 (wfb::comment executive_branch syria cabinet "appointed by the president" );; line 108040 (wfb::executive_branch syria cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 108040 (wfb::legislative_structure syria unicameral n/a );; line 108044 (wfb::legislative_branch syria "People's Council (Majlis al-Chaab)" "elections last held 24-25 August 1994 (next to be held NA); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (250 total) National Progressive Front 167, independents 83" );; line 108046 (wfb::judicial_branch syria "Supreme Constitutional Court, High Judicial Council, Court of Cassation, State Security Courts" );; line 108052 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders syria national_progressive_front_includes "the ruling Arab Socialist Resurrectionist (Ba'th) Party, Hafiz al-ASAD, President of the Republic, Secretary General of the party, and Chairman of the National Progressive Front; Syrian Arab Socialist Party (ASP), 'Abd al-Ghani KANNUT; Arab Socialist Union (ASU), Jamal ATASSI; Syrian Communist Party (SCP), Khalid BAKDASH; Arab Socialist Unionist Movement, Sami SOUFAN; and Democratic Socialist Union Party, leader NA" );; line 108058 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups syria "non-Ba'th parties have little effective political influence; Communist party ineffective; conservative religious leaders; Muslim Brotherhood" );; line 108067 (wfb::member_of syria abeda );; line 108072 (wfb::member_of syria afesd );; line 108072 (wfb::member_of syria al );; line 108072 (wfb::member_of syria amf );; line 108072 (wfb::member_of syria caeu );; line 108072 (wfb::member_of syria ccc );; line 108072 (wfb::member_of syria escwa );; line 108072 (wfb::member_of syria fao );; line 108072 (wfb::member_of syria g-24 );; line 108072 (wfb::member_of syria g-77 );; line 108072 (wfb::member_of syria iaea );; line 108072 (wfb::member_of syria ibrd );; line 108072 (wfb::member_of syria icao );; line 108072 (wfb::member_of syria icc );; line 108072 (wfb::member_of syria icrm );; line 108072 (wfb::member_of syria ida );; line 108072 (wfb::member_of syria idb );; line 108072 (wfb::member_of syria ifad );; line 108072 (wfb::member_of syria ifc );; line 108072 (wfb::member_of syria ifrcs );; line 108072 (wfb::member_of syria ilo );; line 108072 (wfb::member_of syria imf );; line 108072 (wfb::member_of syria imo );; line 108072 (wfb::member_of syria intelsat );; line 108072 (wfb::member_of syria interpol );; line 108072 (wfb::member_of syria ioc );; line 108072 (wfb::member_of syria iso );; line 108072 (wfb::member_of syria itu );; line 108072 (wfb::member_of syria nam );; line 108072 (wfb::member_of syria oapec );; line 108072 (wfb::member_of syria oic );; line 108072 (wfb::member_of syria un );; line 108072 (wfb::member_of syria unctad );; line 108072 (wfb::member_of syria unesco );; line 108072 (wfb::member_of syria unido );; line 108072 (wfb::member_of syria unrwa );; line 108072 (wfb::member_of syria upu );; line 108072 (wfb::member_of syria wftu );; line 108072 (wfb::member_of syria who );; line 108072 (wfb::member_of syria wmo );; line 108072 (wfb::member_of syria wto );; line 108072 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us syria chief_of_mission "Ambassador Walid MUALEM" );; line 108080 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us syria chancery "2215 Wyoming Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 108082 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us syria telephone "[1] (202) 232-6313" );; line 108084 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us syria fax "[1] (202) 234-9548" );; line 108086 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation syria chief_of_mission "Ambassador Christopher W. S. ROSS" );; line 108091 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation syria embassy "Abou Roumaneh, Al-Mansur Street No. 2, Damascus" );; line 108093 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation syria mailing_address "P. O. Box 29, Damascus" );; line 108095 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation syria telephone "[963] (11) 333-2814, 714-108, 333-3788" );; line 108097 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation syria fax "[963] (11) 224-7938" );; line 108099 (wfb::flag syria "three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and black with two small green five-pointed stars in a horizontal line centered in the white band; similar to the flag of Yemen, which has a plain white band and of Iraq, which has three green stars (plus an Arabic inscription) in a horizontal line centered in the white band; also similar to the flag of Egypt, which has a symbolic eagle centered in the white band" );; line 108103 (wfb::overview syria "In 1990-93 Syria's state-dominated Ba'thist economy benefited from the Gulf war, increased oil production, good weather, and economic deregulation. Economic growth averaged roughly 10%. The Gulf war provided Syria an aid windfall of nearly $5 billion dollars from Arab, European, and Japanese donors. However, the benefits of the 1990-93 boom were not evenly distributed and the gap between rich and poor is widening. A nationwide financial scandal and increasing inflation were accompanied by a decline in GDP growth to 4% in 1994. For the long run, Syria's economy is still saddled with a large number of poorly performing public sector firms, and industrial productivity remains to be improved. Oil production is likely to fall off dramatically by the end of the decade. Unemployment will become a problem for the government when the more than 60% of the population under the age of 20 enter the labor force." );; line 108113 (wfb::estimation-date national_product syria date_1994 );; line 108129 (wfb::national_product syria (* 74.4e9 $) );; line 108129 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate syria date_1994 );; line 108133 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate syria (* 4 %) );; line 108133 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita syria date_1994 );; line 108137 (wfb::national_product_per_capita syria (* 5000 $) );; line 108137 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| syria "16.3% (1993 est.)" );; line 108141 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate syria date_1993 );; line 108145 (wfb::unemployment_rate syria (* 7.5 %) );; line 108145 (wfb::exports syria (* 3.6e9 $) );; line 108153 (wfb::exports syria commodities petroleum-commodity (* 53 %) );; line 108155 (wfb::exports syria commodities textiles-commodity (* 22 %) );; line 108155 (wfb::exports syria commodities cotton n/a );; line 108155 (wfb::exports syria commodities fruits_and_vegetables n/a );; line 108155 (wfb::exports syria commodities wheat n/a );; line 108155 (wfb::exports syria commodities barley n/a );; line 108155 (wfb::exports syria commodities chickens n/a );; line 108155 (wfb::measurement-date exports syria date_1991 );; line 108158 (wfb::exports syria partners ec (* 48 %) );; line 108158 (wfb::exports syria partners former_cema_countries (* 24 %) );; line 108158 (wfb::exports syria partners arab_countries (* 18 %) );; line 108158 (wfb::imports syria (* 4e9 $) );; line 108162 (wfb::imports syria commodities foodstuffs (* 21 %) );; line 108164 (wfb::imports syria commodities metal_products-commodity (* 17 %) );; line 108164 (wfb::imports syria commodities machinery (* 15 %) );; line 108164 (wfb::measurement-date imports syria date_1991 );; line 108166 (wfb::imports syria partners ec (* 37 %) );; line 108166 (wfb::imports syria partners former_cema_countries (* 15 %) );; line 108166 (wfb::imports syria partners us_and_canada (* 10 %) );; line 108166 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt syria date_1993 );; line 108170 (wfb::external_debt syria (* 19.4e9 $) );; line 108170 (wfb::industrial_production syria growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 108174 (wfb::electricity syria capacity (* 4160000 kw) );; line 108179 (wfb::electricity syria production (* 13.2e9 kwh) );; line 108181 (wfb::measurement-date electricity syria consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 108183 (wfb::electricity syria consumption_per_capita (* 865 kwh) );; line 108183 (wfb::industry syria textiles );; line 108187 (wfb::industry syria food_processing );; line 108187 (wfb::industry syria beverages-industry );; line 108187 (wfb::industry syria tobacco-industry );; line 108187 (wfb::industry syria phosphate_rock_mining );; line 108187 (wfb::industry syria petroleum-industry );; line 108187 (wfb::agriculture syria "accounts for 30% of GDP and one-third of labor force; all major crops (wheat, barley, cotton, lentils, chickpeas) grown mainly on rain-watered land causing wide swings in production; animal products - beef, lamb, eggs, poultry, milk; not self-sufficient in grain or livestock products" );; line 108192 (wfb::illicit_drugs syria "a transit country for Lebanese and Turkish refined cocaine going to Europe and heroin and hashish bound for regional and Western markets" );; line 108199 (wfb::economic_aid syria recipient "no US aid; about $4.2 billion in loans and grants from Arab and Western donors 1990-92 as a result of Gulf war stance" );; line 108205 (wfb::abbreviation syrian_pound "#S" );; line 108210 (wfb::currency syria syrian_pound 100 piastres );; line 108210 (wfb::exchange_rates syria "Syrian pounds (#S) per US$1 - 11.2 (official fixed rate), 26.6 (blended rate used by the UN and diplomatic missions), 42.0 (neighboring country rate - applies to most state enterprise imports), 46.0 - 53.0 (offshore rate) (yearend 1993)" );; line 108214 (wfb::fiscal_year syria date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 108221 (wfb::railroads syria total "1,998 km" );; line 108227 (wfb::railroads syria broad_gauge "1,766 km 1.435-m gauge" );; line 108229 (wfb::railroads syria narrow_gauge "232 km 1.050-m gauge" );; line 108231 (wfb::highways syria total (* 31569 km) );; line 108236 (wfb::comment highways syria paved "including 670 km of expressways" );; line 108238 (wfb::highways syria unpaved (* 7261 km) );; line 108240 (wfb::inland_waterways syria "870 km; minimal economic importance" );; line 108244 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 1304 km) );; line 108248 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 515 km) );; line 108248 (wfb::port syria baniyas-syria );; line 108252 (wfb::port syria jablah-syria );; line 108252 (wfb::port syria latakia-syria );; line 108252 (wfb::port syria tartus-syria );; line 108252 (wfb::merchant_marine syria total "80 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 233,701 GRT/364,714 DWT" );; line 108257 (wfb::merchant_marine syria ships_by_type "bulk 10, cargo 68, vehicle carrier 2" );; line 108259 (wfb::airports syria total 107 );; line 108264 (wfb::airports syria |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 5 );; line 108266 (wfb::airports syria |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 16 );; line 108268 (wfb::airports syria |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 108270 (wfb::airports syria with_paved_runways_under_914_m 67 );; line 108272 (wfb::airports syria |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 3 );; line 108274 (wfb::airports syria |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 15 );; line 108276 (wfb::telephone_system syria "512,600 telephones; 37 telephones/1,000 persons; fair system currently undergoing significant improvement and digital upgrades, including fiber optic technology" );; line 108281 (wfb::telephone_system syria local "NA" );; line 108285 (wfb::telephone_system syria intercity "coaxial cable and microwave radio relay network" );; line 108287 (wfb::telephone_system syria international "1 INTELSAT (Indian Ocean) and 1 Intersputnik earth station; 1 submarine cable; coaxial cable and microwave radio relay to Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, and Turkey" );; line 108289 (wfb::radio syria broadcast_stations am 9 );; line 108296 (wfb::radio syria broadcast_stations fm 1 );; line 108296 (wfb::radio syria broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 108296 (wfb::radio syria radios n/a );; line 108298 (wfb::television syria broadcast_stations 17 );; line 108303 (wfb::television syria televisions n/a );; line 108305 (wfb::defense_branch syria syrian_arab_army_syria );; line 108311 (wfb::defense_branch syria syrian_arab_navy_syria );; line 108311 (wfb::defense_branch syria syrian_arab_air_force_syria );; line 108311 (wfb::defense_branch syria syrian_arab_air_defense_forces_syria );; line 108311 (wfb::defense_branch syria police_and_security_force_syria );; line 108311 (wfb::manpower_availability syria "males age 15-49 3,440,030; males fit for military service 1,927,930; males reach military age (19) annually 159,942 (1995 est.)" );; line 108316 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures syria date_1992 );; line 108321 (wfb::defense_expenditures syria (* 2.2e9 $) );; line 108321 (wfb::defense_expenditures syria (* 6 %_of_gdp) );; line 108321 (wfb::markup-parameter figure taiwan "graphno=\"tw.tif\"" );; line 108328 (wfb::location taiwan "Eastern Asia, islands bordering the East China Sea, Philippine Sea, South China Sea, and Taiwan Strait, north of the Philippines, off the southeastern coast of China" );; line 108332 (wfb::map_references taiwan "Southeast Asia" );; line 108338 (wfb::area taiwan total_area (* 35980 sq_km) );; line 108343 (wfb::area taiwan land_area (* 32260 sq_km) );; line 108345 (wfb::area taiwan comparative_area "slightly larger than Maryland and Delaware combined" );; line 108347 (wfb::comment area taiwan "includes the Pescadores, Matsu, and Quemoy" );; line 108349 (wfb::coastline taiwan (* 1448 km) );; line 108357 (wfb::maritime_claims taiwan exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 108362 (wfb::maritime_claims taiwan territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 108364 (wfb::international_disputes taiwan "involved in complex dispute over the Spratly Islands with China, Malaysia, Philippines, Vietnam, and possibly Brunei" );; line 108368 (wfb::international_disputes taiwan "Paracel Islands occupied by China, but claimed by Vietnam and Taiwan" );; line 108368 (wfb::international_disputes taiwan "Japanese-administered Senkaku-shoto (Senkaku Islands/Diaoyu Tai) claimed by China and Taiwan" );; line 108368 (wfb::climate taiwan "tropical" );; line 108375 (wfb::climate taiwan "marine" );; line 108375 (wfb::climate taiwan "rainy season during southwest monsoon (June to August)" );; line 108375 (wfb::climate taiwan "cloudiness is persistent and extensive all year" );; line 108375 (wfb::terrain taiwan "eastern two-thirds mostly rugged mountains" );; line 108380 (wfb::terrain taiwan "flat to gently rolling plains in west" );; line 108380 (wfb::natural-resource taiwan small_deposits_of_coal );; line 108385 (wfb::natural-resource taiwan natural_gas );; line 108385 (wfb::natural-resource taiwan limestone );; line 108385 (wfb::natural-resource taiwan marble );; line 108385 (wfb::natural-resource taiwan asbestos );; line 108385 (wfb::land_use taiwan arable_land (* 24 %) );; line 108391 (wfb::land_use taiwan permanent_crops (* 1 %) );; line 108393 (wfb::land_use taiwan meadows_and_pastures (* 5 %) );; line 108395 (wfb::land_use taiwan forest_and_woodland (* 55 %) );; line 108397 (wfb::land_use taiwan other (* 15 %) );; line 108399 (wfb::irrigated_land taiwan (* n/a sq_km) );; line 108403 (wfb::environment taiwan current_issues "water pollution from industrial emissions, raw sewage" );; line 108408 (wfb::environment taiwan current_issues "air pollution" );; line 108408 (wfb::environment taiwan current_issues "contamination of drinking water supplies" );; line 108408 (wfb::environment taiwan current_issues "trade in endangered species" );; line 108408 (wfb::environment taiwan natural_hazards "earthquakes and typhoons" );; line 108411 (wfb::environment taiwan international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Marine Life Conservation" );; line 108413 (wfb::estimation-date population taiwan date_jul_1995 );; line 108419 (wfb::population taiwan 21500583 );; line 108419 (wfb::age_structure taiwan 0-14_years (* 24 %) );; line 108424 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex taiwan 0-14_years female 2543134 );; line 108424 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex taiwan 0-14_years male 2665878 );; line 108424 (wfb::age_structure taiwan 15-64_years (* 68 %) );; line 108426 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex taiwan 15-64_years female 7191964 );; line 108426 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex taiwan 15-64_years male 7482814 );; line 108426 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure taiwan 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 108428 (wfb::age_structure taiwan 65_years_and_over (* 8 %) );; line 108428 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex taiwan 65_years_and_over female 734535 );; line 108428 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex taiwan 65_years_and_over male 882258 );; line 108428 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate taiwan date_1995 );; line 108432 (wfb::population_growth_rate taiwan (* 0.93 %) );; line 108432 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate taiwan date_1995 );; line 108436 (wfb::birth_rate taiwan (* 15.33 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 108436 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate taiwan date_1995 );; line 108440 (wfb::death_rate taiwan (* 5.71 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 108440 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate taiwan date_1995 );; line 108444 (wfb::net_migration_rate taiwan (* -0.37 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 108444 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate taiwan date_1995 );; line 108448 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate taiwan (* 5.6 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 108448 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth taiwan total_population (* 75.47 years) );; line 108453 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth taiwan male (* 72.17 years) );; line 108455 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth taiwan female date_1995 );; line 108457 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth taiwan female (* 78.93 years) );; line 108457 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate taiwan date_1995 );; line 108461 (wfb::total_fertility_rate taiwan (* 1.81 children_born/woman) );; line 108461 (wfb::nationality taiwan noun "Chinese (singular and plural)" );; line 108466 (wfb::nationality taiwan adjective "Chinese" );; line 108468 (wfb::ethnic-entity taiwan taiwanese (* 84 %) );; line 108472 (wfb::ethnic-entity taiwan mainland_chinese (* 14 %) );; line 108472 (wfb::ethnic-entity taiwan aborigine (* 2 %) );; line 108472 (wfb::religion taiwan union23 (* 93 %) );; line 108476 (wfb::religion taiwan christian (* 4.5 %) );; line 108476 (wfb::language taiwan mandarin_chinese n/a );; line 108481 (wfb::comment language taiwan mandarin_chinese "official" );; line 108481 (wfb::language taiwan taiwanese-language-group n/a );; line 108481 (wfb::comment language taiwan taiwanese-language-group "Min" );; line 108481 (wfb::language taiwan hakka_dialects n/a );; line 108481 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition taiwan date_1980 );; line 108485 (wfb::literacy-condition taiwan "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 108485 (wfb::literacy taiwan total_population (* 86 %) );; line 108487 (wfb::literacy taiwan male (* 93 %) );; line 108489 (wfb::literacy taiwan female (* 79 %) );; line 108491 (wfb::total_labor_force taiwan 7.9e6 );; line 108495 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force taiwan by_occupation date_1989 );; line 108497 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1989 );; line 108497 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation taiwan industry_and_commerce (* 53 %) );; line 108497 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation taiwan services (* 22 %) );; line 108497 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation taiwan agriculture (* 15.6 %) );; line 108497 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation taiwan civil_administration (* 7 %) );; line 108497 (wfb::names taiwan conventional_short_form "Taiwan" );; line 108506 (wfb::names taiwan local_short_form "T'ai-wan" );; line 108510 (wfb::digraph taiwan "TW" );; line 108514 (wfb::type taiwan "multiparty democratic regime; opposition political parties legalized in March, 1989" );; line 108518 (wfb::capital taiwan taipei-taiwan );; line 108523 (wfb::comment administrative_divisions taiwan "Taiwan uses the Wade-Giles system for romanization" );; line 108541 (wfb::comment national_holiday taiwan "Anniversary of the Revolution" );; line 108545 (wfb::national_holiday taiwan "National Day" date_10_oct );; line 108545 (wfb::constitution taiwan "1 January 1947, amended in 1992, presently undergoing revision" );; line 108549 (wfb::legal_system taiwan "based on civil law system; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations" );; line 108553 (wfb::comment suffrage taiwan " universal" );; line 108558 (wfb::suffrage taiwan (* 20 years_of_age) );; line 108558 (wfb::comment executive_branch taiwan chief_of_state "Vice President LI Yuan-zu (since 20 May 1990)" );; line 108563 (wfb::executive_branch taiwan chief_of_state "President LI Teng-hui " date_13_jan_1988 );; line 108563 (wfb::comment executive_branch taiwan head_of_government "Vice Premier (Vice President of the Executive Yuan) HSU Li-teh (since 23 February 1993)" );; line 108566 (wfb::comment executive_branch taiwan head_of_government "presidential election last held 21 March 1990 (next election will probably be a direct popular election and will be held NA March 1996)" );; line 108566 (wfb::comment executive_branch taiwan head_of_government "results - President LI Teng-hui was reelected by the National Assembly" );; line 108566 (wfb::comment executive_branch taiwan head_of_government "vice presidential election last held 21 March 1990" );; line 108566 (wfb::comment executive_branch taiwan head_of_government "results - LI Yuan-zu was elected by the National Assembly" );; line 108566 (wfb::executive_branch taiwan head_of_government "Premier (President of the Executive Yuan) LIEN Chan " date_23_feb_1993 );; line 108566 (wfb::comment executive_branch taiwan cabinet "appointed by the president" );; line 108574 (wfb::executive_branch taiwan cabinet "Executive Yuan" );; line 108574 (wfb::legislative_structure taiwan unicameral "Legislative Yuan and unicameral National Assembly" );; line 108578 (wfb::legislative_branch taiwan "Legislative Yuan" "elections last held 19 December 1992 (next to be held NA December 1995); results - KMT 60%, DPP 31%, independents 9%; seats - (304 total, 161 elected) KMT 96, DPP 50, independents 15" );; line 108580 (wfb::legislative_branch taiwan "National Assembly" "first National Assembly elected in November 1946 with a supplementary election in December 1986; second and present National Assembly elected in December 1991; seats - (403 total) KMT 318, DPP 75, other 10; (next election to be held probably in 1996 and will be a direct popular election)" );; line 108584 (wfb::judicial_branch taiwan "Judicial Yuan" );; line 108591 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders taiwan "Kuomintang (KMT, Nationalist Party), LI Teng-hui, chairman; Democratic Progressive Party (DPP), SHIH Ming-teh, chairman; Chinese New Party (CNP); Labor Party (LP)" );; line 108595 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups taiwan "Taiwan independence movement, various environmental groups" );; line 108601 (wfb::comment other_political_or_pressure_groups taiwan "debate on Taiwan independence has become acceptable within the mainstream of domestic politics on Taiwan; political liberalization and the increased representation of the opposition Democratic Progressive Party in Taiwan's legislature have opened public debate on the island's national identity; advocates of Taiwan independence, both within the DPP and the ruling Kuomintang, oppose the ruling party's traditional stand that the island will eventually unify with mainland China; the aims of the Taiwan independence movement include establishing a sovereign nation on Taiwan and entering the UN; other organizations supporting Taiwan independence include the World United Formosans for Independence and the Organization for Taiwan Nation Building" );; line 108603 (wfb::member_of taiwan expelled_from_imf/world_bank_group_april/may_1980 );; line 108616 (wfb::member_of taiwan seeking_to_join_gatt );; line 108616 (wfb::member_of taiwan attempting_to_retain_membership_in_intelsat );; line 108616 (wfb::member_of taiwan suspended_from_iaea_in_1972 );; line 108616 (wfb::member_of taiwan apec );; line 108616 (wfb::member_of taiwan asdb );; line 108616 (wfb::member_of taiwan bcie );; line 108616 (wfb::member_of taiwan icc );; line 108616 (wfb::member_of taiwan ioc );; line 108616 (wfb::member_of taiwan wcl );; line 108616 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us taiwan "none; unofficial commercial and cultural relations with the people of the US are maintained through a private instrumentality, the Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office (TECRO) with headquarters in Taipei and field offices in Washington and 10 other US cities" );; line 108625 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation taiwan "unofficial commercial and cultural relations with the people of Taiwan are maintained through a private institution, the American Institute in Taiwan (AIT), which has offices in Taipei at #7, Lane 134, Hsin Yi Road, Section 3, telephone [886] (2) 709-2000, and in Kao-hsiung at #2 Chung Cheng 3d Road, telephone [886] (7) 224-0154 through 0157, and the American Trade Center at Room 3207 International Trade Building, Taipei World Trade Center, 333 Keelung Road Section 1, Taipei 10548, telephone [886] (2) 720-1550" );; line 108632 (wfb::flag taiwan "red with a dark blue rectangle in the upper hoist-side corner bearing a white sun with 12 triangular rays" );; line 108642 (wfb::overview taiwan "Taiwan has a dynamic capitalist economy with considerable government guidance of investment and foreign trade and partial government ownership of some large banks and industrial firms. Real growth in GNP has averaged about 9% a year during the past three decades. Export growth has been even faster and has provided the impetus for industrialization. Inflation and unemployment are remarkably low. Agriculture contributes about 4% to GDP, down from 35% in 1952. Taiwan currently ranks as number 13 among major trading countries. Traditional labor-intensive industries are steadily being replaced with more capital- and technology-intensive industries. Taiwan has become a major investor in China, Thailand, Indonesia, the Philippines, Malaysia, and Vietnam. The tightening of labor markets has led to an influx of foreign workers, both legal and illegal." );; line 108648 (wfb::estimation-date national_product taiwan date_1994 );; line 108663 (wfb::national_product taiwan (* 257e9 $) );; line 108663 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate taiwan date_1994 );; line 108667 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate taiwan (* 6 %) );; line 108667 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita taiwan date_1994 );; line 108671 (wfb::national_product_per_capita taiwan (* 12070 $) );; line 108671 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| taiwan "5.2% (1994 est.)" );; line 108675 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate taiwan date_1994 );; line 108679 (wfb::unemployment_rate taiwan (* 1.6 %) );; line 108679 (wfb::budget taiwan revenues (* 30.3e9 $) );; line 108684 (wfb::estimation-date budget taiwan date_1991 );; line 108686 (wfb::budget taiwan expenditures (* 30.1e9 $) );; line 108686 (wfb::budget taiwan capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 108686 (wfb::exports taiwan (* 93e9 $) );; line 108690 (wfb::estimation-date exports taiwan date_1993 );; line 108692 (wfb::exports taiwan commodities electrical_machinery (* 19.7 %) );; line 108692 (wfb::exports taiwan commodities electronic_products (* 19.6 %) );; line 108692 (wfb::exports taiwan commodities textiles-commodity (* 10.9 %) );; line 108692 (wfb::exports taiwan commodities footwear (* 3.3 %) );; line 108692 (wfb::exports taiwan commodities foodstuffs (* 1.0 %) );; line 108692 (wfb::exports taiwan commodities plywood_and_wood_products (* 0.9 %) );; line 108692 (wfb::estimation-date exports taiwan date_1994 );; line 108696 (wfb::exports taiwan partners us (* 27.6 %) );; line 108696 (wfb::exports taiwan partners hong_kong (* 21.7 %) );; line 108696 (wfb::exports taiwan partners ec_countries (* 15.2 %) );; line 108696 (wfb::exports taiwan partners japan (* 10.5 %) );; line 108696 (wfb::imports taiwan (* 85.1e9 $) );; line 108701 (wfb::estimation-date imports taiwan date_1993 );; line 108703 (wfb::imports taiwan commodities machinery_and_equipment (* 15.7 %) );; line 108703 (wfb::imports taiwan commodities electronic_products (* 15.6 %) );; line 108703 (wfb::imports taiwan commodities chemicals-commodity (* 9.8 %) );; line 108703 (wfb::imports taiwan commodities iron_and_steel (* 8.5 %) );; line 108703 (wfb::imports taiwan commodities crude_oil (* 3.9 %) );; line 108703 (wfb::imports taiwan commodities foodstuffs (* 2.1 %) );; line 108703 (wfb::estimation-date imports taiwan date_1993 );; line 108706 (wfb::imports taiwan partners japan (* 30.1 %) );; line 108706 (wfb::imports taiwan partners us (* 21.7 %) );; line 108706 (wfb::imports taiwan partners ec_countries (* 17.6 %) );; line 108706 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt taiwan date_1992 );; line 108710 (wfb::external_debt taiwan (* 620e6 $) );; line 108710 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 108714 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production taiwan date_1994 );; line 108714 (wfb::industrial_production taiwan growth_rate (* 4.5 %) );; line 108714 (wfb::electricity taiwan capacity (* 21460000 kw) );; line 108719 (wfb::electricity taiwan production (* 108e9 kwh) );; line 108721 (wfb::measurement-date electricity taiwan consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 108723 (wfb::electricity taiwan consumption_per_capita (* 4789 kwh) );; line 108723 (wfb::industry taiwan electronics-industry );; line 108727 (wfb::industry taiwan textiles );; line 108727 (wfb::industry taiwan chemicals );; line 108727 (wfb::industry taiwan clothing );; line 108727 (wfb::industry taiwan food_processing );; line 108727 (wfb::industry taiwan plywood-industry );; line 108727 (wfb::industry taiwan sugar_milling );; line 108727 (wfb::industry taiwan cement );; line 108727 (wfb::industry taiwan shipbuilding );; line 108727 (wfb::industry taiwan petroleum_refining );; line 108727 (wfb::agriculture taiwan "accounts for 4% of GDP and 16% of labor force (includes part-time farmers); heavily subsidized sector; major crops - vegetables, rice, fruit, tea; livestock - hogs, poultry, beef, milk; not self-sufficient in wheat, soybeans, corn; fish catch increasing, reached 1.4 million metric tons in 1988" );; line 108732 (wfb::illicit_drugs taiwan "an important heroin transit point; also a major drug money laundering center" );; line 108739 (wfb::economic_aid taiwan recipient "US, including Ex-Im (FY46-82), $4.6 billion; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $500 million" );; line 108745 (wfb::abbreviation new_taiwan_dollar "NT$" );; line 108750 (wfb::currency taiwan new_taiwan_dollar 100 cents );; line 108750 (wfb::exchange_rates taiwan "New Taiwan dollars per US$1 - 26.2 (1994), 26.6 (1993), 25.4 (1992), 25.748 (1991), 27.108 (1990), 26.407 (1989)" );; line 108754 (wfb::fiscal_year taiwan date_1_jul date_30_jun );; line 108759 (wfb::railroads taiwan total "4,600 km; note - 1,075 km in common carrier service and about 3,525 km is dedicated to industrial use" );; line 108765 (wfb::railroads taiwan narrow_gauge "4,600 km 1.067-m" );; line 108768 (wfb::highways taiwan total (* 20041 km) );; line 108773 (wfb::highways taiwan (union bituminous concrete_pavement ) (* 17095 km) );; line 108775 (wfb::highways taiwan (union crushed_stone gravel ) (* 2371 km) );; line 108777 (wfb::highways taiwan graded_earth (* 575 km) );; line 108777 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 615 km) );; line 108781 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 97 km) );; line 108781 (wfb::port taiwan chi-lung-taiwan );; line 108785 (wfb::comment port taiwan chi-lung-taiwan "Keelung" );; line 108785 (wfb::port taiwan hua-lien-taiwan );; line 108785 (wfb::port taiwan kao-hsiung-taiwan );; line 108785 (wfb::port taiwan su-ao-taiwan );; line 108785 (wfb::port taiwan |T'ai-chung-taiwan| );; line 108785 (wfb::merchant_marine taiwan total "198 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 5,635,682 GRT/8,652,111 DWT" );; line 108790 (wfb::merchant_marine taiwan ships_by_type "bulk 55, cargo 30, chemical tanker 1, combination bulk 2, combination ore/oil 1, container 78, oil tanker 17, passenger-cargo 1, refrigerated cargo 12, roll-on/roll-off cargo 1" );; line 108793 (wfb::airports taiwan total 41 );; line 108800 (wfb::airports taiwan |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 8 );; line 108802 (wfb::airports taiwan |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 11 );; line 108804 (wfb::airports taiwan |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 6 );; line 108806 (wfb::airports taiwan |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 6 );; line 108808 (wfb::airports taiwan with_paved_runways_under_914_m 8 );; line 108810 (wfb::airports taiwan |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 2 );; line 108812 (wfb::telephone_system taiwan "7,800,000 telephones; best developed system in Asia outside of Japan" );; line 108817 (wfb::telephone_system taiwan local "NA" );; line 108820 (wfb::telephone_system taiwan intercity "extensive microwave radio relay links on east and west coasts" );; line 108822 (wfb::telephone_system taiwan international "2 INTELSAT (1 Pacific Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) earth stations; submarine cable links to Japan (Okinawa), Philippines, Guam, Singapore, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Australia, Middle East, and Western Europe" );; line 108824 (wfb::radio taiwan broadcast_stations am 91 );; line 108831 (wfb::radio taiwan broadcast_stations fm 23 );; line 108831 (wfb::radio taiwan broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 108831 (wfb::radio taiwan radios 8.62e6 );; line 108833 (wfb::comment television taiwan broadcast_stations "repeaters 13" );; line 108838 (wfb::television taiwan broadcast_stations 15 );; line 108838 (wfb::comment television taiwan televisions "color 5,680,000, monochrome 706,000" );; line 108840 (wfb::television taiwan televisions 6.386e6 );; line 108840 (wfb::defense_branch taiwan army_taiwan );; line 108846 (wfb::comment defense_branch taiwan navy_taiwan "includes Marines" );; line 108846 (wfb::defense_branch taiwan navy_taiwan );; line 108846 (wfb::defense_branch taiwan air_force_taiwan );; line 108846 (wfb::defense_branch taiwan coastal_patrol_and_defense_command_taiwan );; line 108846 (wfb::defense_branch taiwan armed_forces_reserve_command_taiwan );; line 108846 (wfb::defense_branch taiwan military_police_command_taiwan );; line 108846 (wfb::manpower_availability taiwan "males age 15-49 6,293,884; males fit for military service 4,863,014; males reach military age (19) annually 201,191 (1995 est.)" );; line 108851 (wfb::markup-parameter figure tajikistan "graphno=\"ti.tif\"" );; line 108863 (wfb::header tajikistan "Note--Tajikistan has experienced three changes of government since it gained independence in September 1991. The current president, Emomali RAKHMONOV, was elected to the presidency in November 1994, yet has been in power since 1992. The country is suffering through its third year of a civil war, with no clear end in sight. Underlying the conflict are deeply-rooted regional and clan-based animosities that pit a government consisting of people primarily from the Kulob (Kulyab), Khujand (Leninabad), and Hisor (Hissar) regions against a secular and Islamic-led opposition from the Gharm, Gorno-Badakhshan, and Qurghonteppa (Kurgan-Tyube) regions. Government and opposition representatives have held periodic rounds of UN-mediated peace talks and agreed in September 1994 to a cease-fire. Russian-led peacekeeping troops are deployed throughout the country, and Russian border guards are stationed along the Tajik-Afghan border." );; line 108863 (wfb::location tajikistan "Central Asia, west of China" );; line 108879 (wfb::map_references tajikistan "Commonwealth of Independent States - Central Asian States" );; line 108883 (wfb::area tajikistan total_area (* 143100 sq_km) );; line 108888 (wfb::area tajikistan land_area (* 142700 sq_km) );; line 108890 (wfb::area tajikistan comparative_area "slightly smaller than Wisconsin" );; line 108892 (wfb::borders tajikistan total (* 3651 km) );; line 108896 (wfb::borders tajikistan afghanistan (* 1206 km) );; line 108896 (wfb::borders tajikistan china (* 414 km) );; line 108896 (wfb::borders tajikistan kyrgyzstan (* 870 km) );; line 108896 (wfb::borders tajikistan uzbekistan (* 1161 km) );; line 108896 (wfb::comment coastline tajikistan "landlocked" );; line 108901 (wfb::coastline tajikistan (* 0 km) );; line 108901 (wfb::maritime_claims tajikistan "none; landlocked" );; line 108905 (wfb::international_disputes tajikistan "boundary with China in dispute" );; line 108909 (wfb::international_disputes tajikistan "territorial dispute with Kyrgyzstan on northern boundary in Isfara Valley area" );; line 108909 (wfb::international_disputes tajikistan "Afghanistan's and other foreign support to Tajik rebels based in northern Afghanistan" );; line 108909 (wfb::climate tajikistan "midlatitude continental, hot summers, mild winters" );; line 108915 (wfb::climate tajikistan "semiarid to polar in Pamir Mountains" );; line 108915 (wfb::terrain tajikistan "Pamir and Altay Mountains dominate landscape" );; line 108920 (wfb::terrain tajikistan "western Fergana Valley in north, Kofarnihon and Vakhsh Valleys in southwest" );; line 108920 (wfb::natural-resource tajikistan significant_hydropower_potential );; line 108925 (wfb::natural-resource tajikistan some_petroleum );; line 108925 (wfb::natural-resource tajikistan uranium );; line 108925 (wfb::natural-resource tajikistan mercury );; line 108925 (wfb::natural-resource tajikistan brown_coal-natural-resource );; line 108925 (wfb::natural-resource tajikistan lead );; line 108925 (wfb::natural-resource tajikistan zinc );; line 108925 (wfb::natural-resource tajikistan antimony );; line 108925 (wfb::natural-resource tajikistan tungsten );; line 108925 (wfb::land_use tajikistan arable_land (* 6 %) );; line 108931 (wfb::land_use tajikistan permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 108933 (wfb::land_use tajikistan meadows_and_pastures (* 23 %) );; line 108935 (wfb::land_use tajikistan forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 108937 (wfb::land_use tajikistan other (* 71 %) );; line 108939 (wfb::measurement-date irrigated_land tajikistan date_1990 );; line 108943 (wfb::irrigated_land tajikistan (* 6940 sq_km) );; line 108943 (wfb::environment tajikistan current_issues "inadequate sanitation facilities" );; line 108948 (wfb::environment tajikistan current_issues "increasing levels of soil salinity" );; line 108948 (wfb::environment tajikistan current_issues "industrial pollution" );; line 108948 (wfb::environment tajikistan current_issues "excessive pesticides" );; line 108948 (wfb::environment tajikistan current_issues "part of the basin of the shrinking Aral Sea which suffers from severe overutilization of available water for irrigation and associated pollution" );; line 108948 (wfb::environment tajikistan natural_hazards "NA" );; line 108953 (wfb::environment tajikistan international_agreements "NA" );; line 108955 (wfb::note tajikistan "landlocked" );; line 108959 (wfb::estimation-date population tajikistan date_jul_1995 );; line 108965 (wfb::population tajikistan 6155474 );; line 108965 (wfb::age_structure tajikistan 0-14_years (* 43 %) );; line 108970 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex tajikistan 0-14_years female 1303627 );; line 108970 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex tajikistan 0-14_years male 1340086 );; line 108970 (wfb::age_structure tajikistan 15-64_years (* 53 %) );; line 108972 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex tajikistan 15-64_years female 1612429 );; line 108972 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex tajikistan 15-64_years male 1624379 );; line 108972 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure tajikistan 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 108974 (wfb::age_structure tajikistan 65_years_and_over (* 4 %) );; line 108974 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex tajikistan 65_years_and_over female 157841 );; line 108974 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex tajikistan 65_years_and_over male 117112 );; line 108974 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate tajikistan date_1995 );; line 108978 (wfb::population_growth_rate tajikistan (* 2.6 %) );; line 108978 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate tajikistan date_1995 );; line 108982 (wfb::birth_rate tajikistan (* 34.06 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 108982 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate tajikistan date_1995 );; line 108986 (wfb::death_rate tajikistan (* 6.58 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 108986 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate tajikistan date_1995 );; line 108990 (wfb::net_migration_rate tajikistan (* -1.44 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 108990 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate tajikistan date_1995 );; line 108994 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate tajikistan (* 60.4 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 108994 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth tajikistan total_population (* 69.03 years) );; line 108999 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth tajikistan male (* 66.11 years) );; line 109001 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth tajikistan female date_1995 );; line 109003 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth tajikistan female (* 72.1 years) );; line 109003 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate tajikistan date_1995 );; line 109007 (wfb::total_fertility_rate tajikistan (* 4.55 children_born/woman) );; line 109007 (wfb::nationality tajikistan noun "Tajik(s)" );; line 109012 (wfb::nationality tajikistan adjective "Tajik" );; line 109014 (wfb::ethnic-entity tajikistan tajik (* 64.9 %) );; line 109018 (wfb::ethnic-entity tajikistan uzbek (* 25 %) );; line 109018 (wfb::comment ethnic-entity "declining because of emigration" );; line 109018 (wfb::ethnic-entity tajikistan russian (* 3.5 %) );; line 109018 (wfb::religion tajikistan sunni_muslim (* 80 %) );; line 109023 (wfb::religion tajikistan |Shi'a Muslim| (* 5 %) );; line 109023 (wfb::language tajikistan tajik-language-group n/a );; line 109027 (wfb::comment language tajikistan tajik-language-group "official" );; line 109027 (wfb::language tajikistan russian_widely_used_in_government_and_business n/a );; line 109027 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition tajikistan date_1989 );; line 109031 (wfb::literacy-condition tajikistan "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 109031 (wfb::literacy tajikistan total_population (* 98 %) );; line 109033 (wfb::literacy tajikistan male (* 99 %) );; line 109035 (wfb::literacy tajikistan female (* 97 %) );; line 109037 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force tajikistan date_1992 );; line 109041 (wfb::total_labor_force tajikistan 1.95e6 );; line 109041 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force tajikistan by_occupation date_1990 );; line 109043 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1990 );; line 109043 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation tajikistan agriculture_and_forestry (* 43 %) );; line 109043 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation tajikistan government_and_services (* 24 %) );; line 109043 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation tajikistan industry (* 14 %) );; line 109043 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation tajikistan trade_and_communications (* 11 %) );; line 109043 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation tajikistan construction (* 8 %) );; line 109043 (wfb::names tajikistan conventional_long_form "Republic of Tajikistan" );; line 109050 (wfb::names tajikistan conventional_short_form "Tajikistan" );; line 109052 (wfb::names tajikistan local_long_form "Jumhurii Tojikistan" );; line 109054 (wfb::names tajikistan former "Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic" );; line 109058 (wfb::digraph tajikistan "TI" );; line 109062 (wfb::type tajikistan "republic" );; line 109066 (wfb::capital tajikistan dushanbe-tajikistan );; line 109070 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_tajikistan_oblasts "oblasts" "viloyatho" "viloyat" );; line 109074 (wfb::administrative_divisions tajikistan adm_div_tajikistan_oblasts 2 );; line 109074 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_tajikistan_autonomous_oblast "autonomous oblast" "n/a" "viloyati avtonomii" );; line 109074 (wfb::administrative_divisions tajikistan adm_div_tajikistan_autonomous_oblast 1 );; line 109074 (wfb::comment administrative_divisions tajikistan "the administrative center names are in parentheses" );; line 109079 (wfb::independence tajikistan date_9_sep_1991 "Soviet Union" );; line 109083 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1991 );; line 109087 (wfb::comment national_holiday tajikistan "1991" );; line 109087 (wfb::national_holiday tajikistan "National Day" date_9_sep );; line 109087 (wfb::constitution tajikistan "new constitution adopted 6 November 1994" );; line 109091 (wfb::legal_system tajikistan "based on civil law system; no judicial review of legislative acts" );; line 109095 (wfb::comment suffrage tajikistan " universal" );; line 109099 (wfb::suffrage tajikistan (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 109099 (wfb::comment executive_branch tajikistan chief_of_state "election last held 6 November 1994 (next to be held NA 1998)" );; line 109104 (wfb::comment executive_branch tajikistan chief_of_state "results - Emomili RAKHMONOV 58%, Abdumalik ABDULLAJANOV 40%" );; line 109104 (wfb::executive_branch tajikistan head_of_government "Prime Minister Jamshed KARIMOV " date_2_dec_1994 );; line 109109 (wfb::executive_branch tajikistan cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 109111 (wfb::legislative_structure tajikistan unicameral n/a );; line 109115 (wfb::legislative_branch tajikistan "Supreme Soviet" "elections last held 26 February 1994 (next to be held NA); results - percent of vote by party NA; estimated seats - (181 total) Communist Party and affiliates 100, Popular Party 10, Party of Political and Economic Progress 1, Party of Popular Unity 6, other 64" );; line 109117 (wfb::judicial_branch tajikistan "Prosecutor General" );; line 109124 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders tajikistan "Communist Party (People's Party of Tajikistan - PPT), Abdumalik ABDULAJANOV; Party of Economic Freedom (PEF), Abdumalik ABDULAJANOV; Tajik Socialist Party (TSP), Shodi SHABDOLOV; Tajik Democratic Party (TDP), Abdu-Nabi SATARZADE, chairman; note - suspended for six months; Islamic Renaissance Party (IRP), Sayed Abdullo NURI, chairman; Rebirth (Rastokhez), Takhir ABDUZHABOROV; Lali Badakhshan Society, Atobek AMIRBEK; People's Democratic Party (PDP), Abdujalil HAMIDOV, chairman; Tajikistan Party of Economic and Political Renewal (TPEPR), Mukhtor BOBOYEV" );; line 109128 (wfb::comment political_parties_and_leaders tajikistan "all the above-listed parties except the Communist Party, the Party of National Unity, and the People's Party were banned in June 1993" );; line 109137 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups tajikistan "Tajikistan Opposition Movement based in northern Afghanistan" );; line 109142 (wfb::member_of tajikistan cis );; line 109146 (wfb::member_of tajikistan ebrd );; line 109146 (wfb::member_of tajikistan eco );; line 109146 (wfb::member_of tajikistan escap );; line 109146 (wfb::member_of tajikistan ibrd );; line 109146 (wfb::member_of tajikistan icao );; line 109146 (wfb::member_of tajikistan ida );; line 109146 (wfb::member_of tajikistan idb );; line 109146 (wfb::member_of tajikistan ifad );; line 109146 (wfb::member_of tajikistan ilo );; line 109146 (wfb::member_of tajikistan imf );; line 109146 (wfb::member_of tajikistan intelsat );; line 109146 (wfb::comment member_of tajikistan intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 109146 (wfb::member_of tajikistan ioc );; line 109146 (wfb::member_of tajikistan iom );; line 109146 (wfb::comment member_of tajikistan iom "observer" );; line 109146 (wfb::member_of tajikistan itu );; line 109146 (wfb::member_of tajikistan nacc );; line 109146 (wfb::member_of tajikistan oic );; line 109146 (wfb::member_of tajikistan osce );; line 109146 (wfb::member_of tajikistan un );; line 109146 (wfb::member_of tajikistan unctad );; line 109146 (wfb::member_of tajikistan unesco );; line 109146 (wfb::member_of tajikistan unido );; line 109146 (wfb::member_of tajikistan upu );; line 109146 (wfb::member_of tajikistan who );; line 109146 (wfb::member_of tajikistan wipo );; line 109146 (wfb::member_of tajikistan wmo );; line 109146 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us tajikistan chief_of_mission "NA" );; line 109153 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us tajikistan chancery "NA" );; line 109155 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us tajikistan telephone "NA" );; line 109157 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation tajikistan chief_of_mission "Ambassador Stanley T. ESCUDERO" );; line 109162 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation tajikistan embassy "Interim Chancery, #39 Ainii Street, Oktyabrskaya Hotel, Dushanbe" );; line 109164 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation tajikistan mailing_address "use embassy street address" );; line 109166 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation tajikistan telephone "[7] (3772) 21-03-56" );; line 109168 (wfb::flag tajikistan "three horizontal stripes of red (top), a wider stripe of white, and green; a crown surmounted by seven five-pointed stars is located in the center of the white stripe" );; line 109172 (wfb::overview tajikistan "Tajikistan had the next-to-lowest per capita GDP in the former USSR, the highest rate of population growth, and an extremely low standard of living. Agriculture dominates the economy, cotton being the most important crop. Mineral resources, varied but limited in amount, include silver, gold, uranium, and tungsten. Industry is limited to a large aluminum plant, hydropower facilities, and small obsolete factories mostly in light industry and food processing. The Tajik economy has been gravely weakened by three years of civil war and by the loss of subsidies and markets for its products, which has left Tajikistan dependent on Russia and Uzbekistan and on international humanitarian assistance for much of its basic subsistence needs. Moreover, constant political turmoil and the continued dominance by former Communist officials have impeded the introduction of meaningful economic reforms. In the meantime, Tajikistan's efforts to adopt the Russian ruble as its domestic currency despite Russia's unwillingness to supply sufficient rubles left the country in a severe monetary crisis throughout 1994, keeping inflation low but leaving workers and pensioners unpaid for months at a time. The government has announced plans to introduce its own currency in 1995 to help resolve the problem." );; line 109179 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate tajikistan date_1994 );; line 109204 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate tajikistan (* -12 %) );; line 109204 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita tajikistan date_1994 );; line 109208 (wfb::national_product_per_capita tajikistan (* 1415 $) );; line 109208 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| tajikistan "NA%" );; line 109212 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate tajikistan date_sep_1994 );; line 109216 (wfb::budget tajikistan revenues (* n/a $) );; line 109223 (wfb::budget tajikistan expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 109225 (wfb::budget tajikistan capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 109225 (wfb::measurement-date exports tajikistan date_1994 );; line 109229 (wfb::exports tajikistan (* 320e6 $) );; line 109229 (wfb::exports tajikistan commodities cotton n/a );; line 109231 (wfb::exports tajikistan commodities aluminum n/a );; line 109231 (wfb::exports tajikistan commodities fruits n/a );; line 109231 (wfb::exports tajikistan commodities vegetable_oil-commodity n/a );; line 109231 (wfb::exports tajikistan commodities textiles-commodity n/a );; line 109231 (wfb::exports tajikistan partners russia n/a );; line 109233 (wfb::exports tajikistan partners kazakhstan n/a );; line 109233 (wfb::exports tajikistan partners ukraine n/a );; line 109233 (wfb::exports tajikistan partners uzbekistan n/a );; line 109233 (wfb::exports tajikistan partners turkmenistan n/a );; line 109233 (wfb::measurement-date imports tajikistan date_1994 );; line 109237 (wfb::imports tajikistan (* 318e6 $) );; line 109237 (wfb::imports tajikistan commodities fuel n/a );; line 109239 (wfb::imports tajikistan commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 109239 (wfb::imports tajikistan commodities machinery_and_transport_equipment n/a );; line 109239 (wfb::imports tajikistan commodities textiles-commodity n/a );; line 109239 (wfb::imports tajikistan commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 109239 (wfb::imports tajikistan partners russia n/a );; line 109242 (wfb::imports tajikistan partners uzbekistan n/a );; line 109242 (wfb::imports tajikistan partners kazakhstan n/a );; line 109242 (wfb::external_debt tajikistan (* n/a $) );; line 109246 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 109250 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production tajikistan date_1994 );; line 109250 (wfb::industrial_production tajikistan growth_rate (* -31 %) );; line 109250 (wfb::electricity tajikistan capacity (* 3800000 kw) );; line 109255 (wfb::electricity tajikistan production (* 17e9 kwh) );; line 109257 (wfb::measurement-date electricity tajikistan consumption_per_capita date_1994 );; line 109259 (wfb::electricity tajikistan consumption_per_capita (* 2800 kwh) );; line 109259 (wfb::industry tajikistan aluminum-industry );; line 109263 (wfb::industry tajikistan zinc-industry );; line 109263 (wfb::industry tajikistan lead-industry );; line 109263 (wfb::industry tajikistan chemicals );; line 109263 (wfb::industry tajikistan fertilizers );; line 109263 (wfb::industry tajikistan cement );; line 109263 (wfb::industry tajikistan vegetable_oil );; line 109263 (wfb::industry tajikistan metal-cutting_machine_tools );; line 109263 (wfb::industry tajikistan refrigerators );; line 109263 (wfb::industry tajikistan freezers );; line 109263 (wfb::agriculture tajikistan "cotton, grain, fruits, grapes, vegetables; cattle, sheep and goats" );; line 109268 (wfb::illicit_drugs tajikistan "illicit cultivation of cannabis and opium poppy; mostly for CIS consumption; used as transshipment points for illicit drugs from Southwest Asia to Western Europe and North America" );; line 109273 (wfb::economic_aid tajikistan recipient "Russia and Uzbekistan reportedly provided substantial general assistance throughout 1993 and 1994; Western aid and credits promised through the end of 1993 were $700 million but disbursements were only $104 million; large scale development loans await IMF approval of a reform and stabilization plan" );; line 109280 (wfb::exchange_rates tajikistan "NA" );; line 109294 (wfb::fiscal_year tajikistan date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 109298 (wfb::railroads tajikistan total "480 km in common carrier service; does not include industrial lines (1990)" );; line 109304 (wfb::highways tajikistan total (* 29900 km) );; line 109310 (wfb::highways tajikistan paved (* 21400 km) );; line 109312 (wfb::measurement-date highways tajikistan date_1990 );; line 109314 (wfb::comment highways tajikistan unpaved "1990" );; line 109314 (wfb::measurement-date highways tajikistan unpaved earth date_1990 );; line 109314 (wfb::highways tajikistan earth (* 8500 km) );; line 109314 (wfb::measurement-date pipelines date_1992 );; line 109318 (wfb::comment pipelines tajikistan "1992" );; line 109318 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 400 km) );; line 109318 (wfb::airports tajikistan total 59 );; line 109327 (wfb::airports tajikistan |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 109329 (wfb::airports tajikistan |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 5 );; line 109331 (wfb::airports tajikistan |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 7 );; line 109333 (wfb::airports tajikistan |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 109335 (wfb::airports tajikistan |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 9 );; line 109337 (wfb::airports tajikistan with_unpaved_runways_under_914_m 36 );; line 109339 (wfb::telephone_system tajikistan "303,000 telephones (December 1991); about 55 telephones/1,000 persons (1991); poorly developed and not well maintained; many towns are not reached by the national network" );; line 109344 (wfb::telephone_system tajikistan local "NA" );; line 109348 (wfb::telephone_system tajikistan intercity "cable and microwave radio relay" );; line 109350 (wfb::telephone_system tajikistan international "linked by cable and microwave to other CIS republics, and by leased connections to the Moscow international gateway switch; Dushanbe linked by INTELSAT to international gateway switch in Ankara; 1 Orbita and 2 INTELSAT earth stations" );; line 109352 (wfb::radio tajikistan radios n/a );; line 109362 (wfb::television tajikistan broadcast_stations n/a );; line 109367 (wfb::television tajikistan televisions n/a );; line 109369 (wfb::comment television tajikistan "1 INTELSAT earth station provides TV receive-only service from Turkey" );; line 109371 (wfb::comment defense_branch tajikistan army_tajikistan "being formed" );; line 109378 (wfb::defense_branch tajikistan army_tajikistan );; line 109378 (wfb::defense_branch tajikistan national_guard_tajikistan );; line 109378 (wfb::comment defense_branch tajikistan security_forces_tajikistan "internal and border troops" );; line 109378 (wfb::defense_branch tajikistan security_forces_tajikistan );; line 109378 (wfb::manpower_availability tajikistan "males age 15-49 1,410,229; males fit for military service 1,153,638; males reach military age (18) annually 57,942 (1995 est.)" );; line 109383 (wfb::markup-parameter figure tanzania "graphno=\"tz.tif\"" );; line 109394 (wfb::location tanzania "Eastern Africa, bordering the Indian Ocean, between Kenya and Mozambique" );; line 109398 (wfb::map_references tanzania "Africa" );; line 109403 (wfb::area tanzania total_area (* 945090 sq_km) );; line 109408 (wfb::area tanzania land_area (* 886040 sq_km) );; line 109410 (wfb::area tanzania comparative_area "slightly larger than twice the size of California" );; line 109412 (wfb::comment area tanzania "includes the islands of Mafia, Pemba, and Zanzibar" );; line 109414 (wfb::borders tanzania total (* 3402 km) );; line 109418 (wfb::borders tanzania burundi (* 451 km) );; line 109418 (wfb::borders tanzania kenya (* 769 km) );; line 109418 (wfb::borders tanzania malawi (* 475 km) );; line 109418 (wfb::borders tanzania mozambique (* 756 km) );; line 109418 (wfb::borders tanzania rwanda (* 217 km) );; line 109418 (wfb::borders tanzania uganda (* 396 km) );; line 109418 (wfb::borders tanzania zambia (* 338 km) );; line 109418 (wfb::coastline tanzania (* 1424 km) );; line 109423 (wfb::maritime_claims tanzania exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 109428 (wfb::maritime_claims tanzania territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 109430 (wfb::international_disputes tanzania "boundary dispute with Malawi in Lake Nyasa" );; line 109434 (wfb::international_disputes tanzania "Tanzania-Zaire-Zambia tripoint in Lake Tanganyika may no longer be indefinite since it is reported that the indefinite section of the Zaire-Zambia boundary has been settled" );; line 109434 (wfb::climate tanzania "varies from tropical along coast to temperate in highlands" );; line 109440 (wfb::terrain tanzania "plains along coast" );; line 109444 (wfb::terrain tanzania "central plateau" );; line 109444 (wfb::terrain tanzania "highlands in north, south" );; line 109444 (wfb::natural-resource tanzania hydropower_potential );; line 109448 (wfb::natural-resource tanzania tin );; line 109448 (wfb::natural-resource tanzania phosphates );; line 109448 (wfb::natural-resource tanzania iron_ore );; line 109448 (wfb::natural-resource tanzania coal );; line 109448 (wfb::natural-resource tanzania diamonds );; line 109448 (wfb::natural-resource tanzania gemstones );; line 109448 (wfb::natural-resource tanzania gold );; line 109448 (wfb::natural-resource tanzania natural_gas );; line 109448 (wfb::natural-resource tanzania nickel );; line 109448 (wfb::land_use tanzania arable_land (* 5 %) );; line 109454 (wfb::land_use tanzania permanent_crops (* 1 %) );; line 109456 (wfb::land_use tanzania meadows_and_pastures (* 40 %) );; line 109458 (wfb::land_use tanzania forest_and_woodland (* 47 %) );; line 109460 (wfb::land_use tanzania other (* 7 %) );; line 109462 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land tanzania date_1989 );; line 109466 (wfb::irrigated_land tanzania (* 1530 sq_km) );; line 109466 (wfb::environment tanzania current_issues "soil degradation" );; line 109471 (wfb::environment tanzania current_issues "deforestation" );; line 109471 (wfb::environment tanzania current_issues "desertification" );; line 109471 (wfb::environment tanzania current_issues "destruction of coral reefs threatens marine habitats" );; line 109471 (wfb::environment tanzania current_issues "recent droughts affected marginal agriculture" );; line 109471 (wfb::environment tanzania natural_hazards "the tsetse fly and lack of water limit agriculture" );; line 109475 (wfb::environment tanzania natural_hazards "flooding on the central plateau during the rainy season" );; line 109475 (wfb::environment tanzania international_agreements "party to - Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection" );; line 109478 (wfb::environment tanzania international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification" );; line 109478 (wfb::note tanzania "Mount Kilimanjaro is highest point in Africa" );; line 109484 (wfb::estimation-date population tanzania date_jul_1995 );; line 109490 (wfb::population tanzania 28701077 );; line 109490 (wfb::age_structure tanzania 0-14_years (* 47 %) );; line 109495 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex tanzania 0-14_years female 6724575 );; line 109495 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex tanzania 0-14_years male 6676652 );; line 109495 (wfb::age_structure tanzania 15-64_years (* 50 %) );; line 109497 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex tanzania 15-64_years female 7462615 );; line 109497 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex tanzania 15-64_years male 7027551 );; line 109497 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure tanzania 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 109499 (wfb::age_structure tanzania 65_years_and_over (* 3 %) );; line 109499 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex tanzania 65_years_and_over female 425211 );; line 109499 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex tanzania 65_years_and_over male 384473 );; line 109499 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate tanzania date_1995 );; line 109503 (wfb::population_growth_rate tanzania (* 2.55 %) );; line 109503 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate tanzania date_1995 );; line 109507 (wfb::birth_rate tanzania (* 45.25 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 109507 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate tanzania date_1995 );; line 109511 (wfb::death_rate tanzania (* 19.81 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 109511 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate tanzania date_1995 );; line 109515 (wfb::net_migration_rate tanzania (* n/a |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 109515 (wfb::comment net_migration_rate tanzania "in February 1995, a fresh influx of refugees from civil strife in Burundi brought the total number of Burundian refugees in Tanzania to about 60,000; in addition, since April 1994 more than a half million refugees from Rwanda have taken refuge in Tanzania to escape civil strife in Rwanda" );; line 109517 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate tanzania date_1995 );; line 109524 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate tanzania (* 109 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 109524 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth tanzania total_population (* 42.53 years) );; line 109529 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth tanzania male (* 40.88 years) );; line 109531 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth tanzania female date_1995 );; line 109533 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth tanzania female (* 44.22 years) );; line 109533 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate tanzania date_1995 );; line 109537 (wfb::total_fertility_rate tanzania (* 6.15 children_born/woman) );; line 109537 (wfb::nationality tanzania noun "Tanzanian(s)" );; line 109542 (wfb::nationality tanzania adjective "Tanzanian" );; line 109544 (wfb::comment ethnic-entity tanzania "consisting of well over 100 tribes" );; line 109549 (wfb::language tanzania swahili n/a );; line 109563 (wfb::comment language tanzania swahili "official; widely understood and generally used for communication between ethnic groups and is used in primary education" );; line 109563 (wfb::language tanzania english n/a );; line 109563 (wfb::comment language tanzania english "official; primary language of commerce, administration, and higher education" );; line 109563 (wfb::comment languages tanzania "first language of most people is one of the local languages" );; line 109567 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition tanzania date_1988 );; line 109571 (wfb::literacy-condition tanzania "age 15 and over has ability to read and write a letter or message in Kisahili" );; line 109571 (wfb::literacy tanzania total_population (* 59 %) );; line 109574 (wfb::literacy tanzania male (* 71 %) );; line 109576 (wfb::literacy tanzania female (* 48 %) );; line 109578 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force tanzania by_occupation date_1986 );; line 109584 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1986 );; line 109584 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation tanzania agriculture (* 90 %) );; line 109584 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation tanzania industry_and_commerce (* 10 %) );; line 109584 (wfb::names tanzania conventional_long_form "United Republic of Tanzania" );; line 109590 (wfb::names tanzania conventional_short_form "Tanzania" );; line 109592 (wfb::names tanzania former "United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar" );; line 109594 (wfb::digraph tanzania "TZ" );; line 109598 (wfb::type tanzania "republic" );; line 109602 (wfb::capital tanzania dar_es_salaam-tanzania );; line 109606 (wfb::comment capital tanzania "some government offices have been transferred to Dodoma, which is planned as the new national capital by the end of the 1990s" );; line 109608 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_tanzania_regions "regions" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 109613 (wfb::administrative_divisions tanzania adm_div_tanzania_regions 25 );; line 109613 (wfb::administrative_division_of tanzania adm_div_tanzania_regions "Arusha" );; line 109613 (wfb::administrative_division_of tanzania adm_div_tanzania_regions "Dar es Salaam" );; line 109613 (wfb::administrative_division_of tanzania adm_div_tanzania_regions "Dodoma" );; line 109613 (wfb::administrative_division_of tanzania adm_div_tanzania_regions "Iringa" );; line 109613 (wfb::administrative_division_of tanzania adm_div_tanzania_regions "Kigoma" );; line 109613 (wfb::administrative_division_of tanzania adm_div_tanzania_regions "Kilimanjaro" );; line 109613 (wfb::administrative_division_of tanzania adm_div_tanzania_regions "Lindi" );; line 109613 (wfb::administrative_division_of tanzania adm_div_tanzania_regions "Mara" );; line 109613 (wfb::administrative_division_of tanzania adm_div_tanzania_regions "Mbeya" );; line 109613 (wfb::administrative_division_of tanzania adm_div_tanzania_regions "Morogoro" );; line 109613 (wfb::administrative_division_of tanzania adm_div_tanzania_regions "Mtwara" );; line 109613 (wfb::administrative_division_of tanzania adm_div_tanzania_regions "Mwanza" );; line 109613 (wfb::administrative_division_of tanzania adm_div_tanzania_regions "Pemba North" );; line 109613 (wfb::administrative_division_of tanzania adm_div_tanzania_regions "Pemba South" );; line 109613 (wfb::administrative_division_of tanzania adm_div_tanzania_regions "Pwani" );; line 109613 (wfb::administrative_division_of tanzania adm_div_tanzania_regions "Rukwa" );; line 109613 (wfb::administrative_division_of tanzania adm_div_tanzania_regions "Ruvuma" );; line 109613 (wfb::administrative_division_of tanzania adm_div_tanzania_regions "Shinyanga" );; line 109613 (wfb::administrative_division_of tanzania adm_div_tanzania_regions "Singida" );; line 109613 (wfb::administrative_division_of tanzania adm_div_tanzania_regions "Tabora" );; line 109613 (wfb::administrative_division_of tanzania adm_div_tanzania_regions "Tanga" );; line 109613 (wfb::administrative_division_of tanzania adm_div_tanzania_regions "Zanzibar Central/South" );; line 109613 (wfb::administrative_division_of tanzania adm_div_tanzania_regions "Zanzibar North" );; line 109613 (wfb::administrative_division_of tanzania adm_div_tanzania_regions "Zanzibar Urban/West" );; line 109613 (wfb::administrative_division_of tanzania adm_div_tanzania_regions "Ziwa Magharibi" );; line 109613 (wfb::independence tanzania date_26_apr_1964 "n/a" );; line 109620 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1964 );; line 109628 (wfb::comment national_holiday tanzania "1964" );; line 109628 (wfb::national_holiday tanzania "Union Day" date_26_apr );; line 109628 (wfb::constitution tanzania "25 April 1977; major revisions October 1984" );; line 109632 (wfb::legal_system tanzania "based on English common law; judicial review of legislative acts limited to matters of interpretation; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 109636 (wfb::comment suffrage tanzania " universal" );; line 109642 (wfb::suffrage tanzania (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 109642 (wfb::comment executive_branch tanzania chief_of_state "First Vice President Cleopa MSUYA (since 5 December 1994)" );; line 109647 (wfb::comment executive_branch tanzania chief_of_state "Second Vice President and President of Zanzibar Salmin AMOUR (since 9 November 1990) election last held 28 October 1990 (next to be held 29 October 1995)" );; line 109647 (wfb::comment executive_branch tanzania chief_of_state "results - Ali Hassan MWINYI was elected without opposition" );; line 109647 (wfb::executive_branch tanzania chief_of_state "President Ali Hassan MWINYI " date_5_nov_1985 );; line 109647 (wfb::executive_branch tanzania head_of_government "Prime Minister Cleopa David MSUYA " date_7_dec_1994 );; line 109653 (wfb::comment executive_branch tanzania cabinet "appointed by the president from the National Assembly" );; line 109655 (wfb::executive_branch tanzania cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 109655 (wfb::legislative_structure tanzania unicameral n/a );; line 109659 (wfb::legislative_branch tanzania "National Assembly (Bunge)" "elections last held 28 October 1990 (next to be held 29 October 1995); results - CCM was the only party; seats - (241 total, 168 elected) CCM 168" );; line 109661 (wfb::judicial_branch tanzania "Court of Appeal, High Court" );; line 109667 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders tanzania "Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM or Revolutionary Party), Ali Hassan MWINYI; Civic United Front (CUF), James MAPALALA; National Convention for Construction and Reform (NCCR), Lyatonga (Augustine) MREMA; Union for Multiparty Democracy (UMD), Abdullah FUNDIKIRA; Chama Cha Demokrasia na Maendeleo (CHADEMA), Edwin I. M. MTEI, chairman; Democratic Party (unregistered), Reverend MTIKLA" );; line 109671 (wfb::member_of tanzania acp );; line 109679 (wfb::member_of tanzania afdb );; line 109679 (wfb::member_of tanzania c );; line 109679 (wfb::member_of tanzania ccc );; line 109679 (wfb::member_of tanzania eadb );; line 109679 (wfb::member_of tanzania eca );; line 109679 (wfb::member_of tanzania fao );; line 109679 (wfb::member_of tanzania fls );; line 109679 (wfb::member_of tanzania g-_6 );; line 109679 (wfb::member_of tanzania g-77 );; line 109679 (wfb::member_of tanzania gatt );; line 109679 (wfb::member_of tanzania iaea );; line 109679 (wfb::member_of tanzania ibrd );; line 109679 (wfb::member_of tanzania icao );; line 109679 (wfb::member_of tanzania icrm );; line 109679 (wfb::member_of tanzania ida );; line 109679 (wfb::member_of tanzania ifad );; line 109679 (wfb::member_of tanzania ifc );; line 109679 (wfb::member_of tanzania ifrcs );; line 109679 (wfb::member_of tanzania ilo );; line 109679 (wfb::member_of tanzania imf );; line 109679 (wfb::member_of tanzania imo );; line 109679 (wfb::member_of tanzania intelsat );; line 109679 (wfb::member_of tanzania interpol );; line 109679 (wfb::member_of tanzania ioc );; line 109679 (wfb::member_of tanzania iso );; line 109679 (wfb::member_of tanzania itu );; line 109679 (wfb::member_of tanzania nam );; line 109679 (wfb::member_of tanzania oau );; line 109679 (wfb::member_of tanzania sadc );; line 109679 (wfb::member_of tanzania un );; line 109679 (wfb::member_of tanzania unctad );; line 109679 (wfb::member_of tanzania unesco );; line 109679 (wfb::member_of tanzania unhcr );; line 109679 (wfb::member_of tanzania unido );; line 109679 (wfb::member_of tanzania upu );; line 109679 (wfb::member_of tanzania wcl );; line 109679 (wfb::member_of tanzania wftu );; line 109679 (wfb::member_of tanzania who );; line 109679 (wfb::member_of tanzania wipo );; line 109679 (wfb::member_of tanzania wmo );; line 109679 (wfb::member_of tanzania wto );; line 109679 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us tanzania chief_of_mission "Ambassador Charles Musama NYIRABU" );; line 109687 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us tanzania chancery "2139 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 109689 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us tanzania telephone "[1] (202) 939-6125" );; line 109691 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us tanzania fax "[1] (202) 797-7408" );; line 109693 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation tanzania chief_of_mission "Ambassador Brady ANDERSON" );; line 109698 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation tanzania embassy "36 Laibon Road (off Bagamoyo Road), Dar es Salaam" );; line 109700 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation tanzania mailing_address "P. O. Box 9123, Dar es Salaam" );; line 109702 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation tanzania telephone "[255] (51) 66010 through 66015" );; line 109704 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation tanzania fax "[255] (51) 66701" );; line 109706 (wfb::flag tanzania "divided diagonally by a yellow-edged black band from the lower hoist-side corner; the upper triangle (hoist side) is green and the lower triangle is blue" );; line 109710 (wfb::overview tanzania "Tanzania is one of the poorest countries in the world. The economy is heavily dependent on agriculture, which accounts for about 58% of GDP, provides 85% of exports, and employs 90% of the work force. Topography and climatic conditions, however, limit cultivated crops to only 5% of the land area. Industry accounts for 8% of GDP and is mainly limited to processing agricultural products and light consumer goods. The economic recovery program announced in mid-1986 has generated notable increases in agricultural production and financial support for the program by bilateral donors. The World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, and bilateral donors have provided funds to rehabilitate Tanzania's deteriorated economic infrastructure. Growth in 1991-94 has featured a pickup in industrial production and a substantial increase in output of minerals, led by gold. Recent banking reforms have helped increase private sector growth and investment." );; line 109717 (wfb::estimation-date national_product tanzania date_1994 );; line 109733 (wfb::national_product tanzania (* 21e9 $) );; line 109733 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate tanzania date_1994 );; line 109737 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate tanzania (* 3 %) );; line 109737 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita tanzania date_1994 );; line 109741 (wfb::national_product_per_capita tanzania (* 750 $) );; line 109741 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| tanzania "25% (1994 est.)" );; line 109745 (wfb::unemployment_rate tanzania (* n/a %) );; line 109749 (wfb::budget tanzania revenues (* 495e6 $) );; line 109754 (wfb::estimation-date budget tanzania date_1990 );; line 109756 (wfb::budget tanzania expenditures (* 631e6 $) );; line 109756 (wfb::budget tanzania capital_expenditures (* 118e6 $) );; line 109756 (wfb::exports tanzania (* 462e6 $) );; line 109761 (wfb::exports tanzania commodities coffee n/a );; line 109763 (wfb::exports tanzania commodities cotton n/a );; line 109763 (wfb::exports tanzania commodities tobacco n/a );; line 109763 (wfb::exports tanzania commodities tea n/a );; line 109763 (wfb::exports tanzania commodities cashew_nuts n/a );; line 109763 (wfb::exports tanzania commodities sisal n/a );; line 109763 (wfb::exports tanzania partners germany n/a );; line 109765 (wfb::exports tanzania partners uk n/a );; line 109765 (wfb::exports tanzania partners japan n/a );; line 109765 (wfb::exports tanzania partners netherlands n/a );; line 109765 (wfb::exports tanzania partners kenya n/a );; line 109765 (wfb::exports tanzania partners hong_kong n/a );; line 109765 (wfb::exports tanzania partners us n/a );; line 109765 (wfb::imports tanzania (* 1.4e9 $) );; line 109769 (wfb::imports tanzania commodities manufactured_goods n/a );; line 109771 (wfb::imports tanzania commodities machinery_and_transportation_equipment n/a );; line 109771 (wfb::imports tanzania commodities cotton_piece_goods n/a );; line 109771 (wfb::imports tanzania commodities crude_oil n/a );; line 109771 (wfb::imports tanzania commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 109771 (wfb::imports tanzania partners germany n/a );; line 109774 (wfb::imports tanzania partners uk n/a );; line 109774 (wfb::imports tanzania partners us n/a );; line 109774 (wfb::imports tanzania partners japan n/a );; line 109774 (wfb::imports tanzania partners italy n/a );; line 109774 (wfb::imports tanzania partners denmark n/a );; line 109774 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt tanzania date_1993 );; line 109778 (wfb::external_debt tanzania (* 6.7e9 $) );; line 109778 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1990 );; line 109782 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production tanzania date_1990 );; line 109782 (wfb::industrial_production tanzania growth_rate (* 9.3 %) );; line 109782 (wfb::industrial_production tanzania accounts_for (* 8 %_of_gdp) );; line 109782 (wfb::electricity tanzania capacity (* 440000 kw) );; line 109787 (wfb::electricity tanzania production (* 880e6 kwh) );; line 109789 (wfb::measurement-date electricity tanzania consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 109791 (wfb::electricity tanzania consumption_per_capita (* 30 kwh) );; line 109791 (wfb::industry tanzania |primarily agricultural processing (sugar, beer, cigarettes, sisal twine)| );; line 109795 (wfb::industry tanzania diamond_and_gold_mining );; line 109795 (wfb::industry tanzania oil_refining );; line 109795 (wfb::industry tanzania shoes );; line 109795 (wfb::industry tanzania cement );; line 109795 (wfb::industry tanzania textiles );; line 109795 (wfb::industry tanzania wood_products );; line 109795 (wfb::industry tanzania fertilizer );; line 109795 (wfb::agriculture tanzania "accounts for about 58% of GDP; cash crops - coffee, sisal, tea, cotton, pyrethrum (insecticide made from chrysanthemums), cashews, tobacco, cloves (Zanzibar); food crops - corn, wheat, cassava, bananas, fruits, vegetables; small numbers of cattle, sheep, and goats; not self-sufficient in food grain production" );; line 109801 (wfb::illicit_drugs tanzania "growing role in transshipment of Southwest Asian heroin destined for European and US markets" );; line 109809 (wfb::economic_aid tanzania recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $400 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $9.8 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $44 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $614 million" );; line 109815 (wfb::abbreviation tanzanian_shilling "TSh" );; line 109822 (wfb::currency tanzania tanzanian_shilling 100 cents );; line 109822 (wfb::exchange_rates tanzania "Tanzanian shillings (TSh) per US$1 - 523.40 (December 1994), 509.63 (1994), 405.27 (1993), 297.71 (1992), 219.16 (1991), 195.06 (1990)" );; line 109826 (wfb::fiscal_year tanzania date_1_jul date_30_jun );; line 109831 (wfb::railroads tanzania total "2,600 km; note - not a part of Tanzania Railways Corporation is the Tanzania-Zambia Railway Authority (TAZARA), which operates 1,860 km of 1.067-m narrow gauge track between Dar es Salaam and New Kapiri M'poshi in Zambia; 969 km are in Tanzania and 891 km are in Zambia; because of the difference in gauge, this system does not connect to Tanzania Railways" );; line 109837 (wfb::railroads tanzania narrow_gauge "2,600 km 1.000-m gauge" );; line 109843 (wfb::highways tanzania total (* 81900 km) );; line 109848 (wfb::highways tanzania paved (* 3600 km) );; line 109850 (wfb::highways tanzania (union gravel crushed_stone ) (* 5600 km) );; line 109852 (wfb::highways tanzania (union improved unimproved_earth ) (* 72700 km) );; line 109852 (wfb::inland_waterways tanzania "Lake Tanganyika, Lake Victoria, Lake Nyasa" );; line 109857 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 982 km) );; line 109861 (wfb::port tanzania bukoba-tanzania );; line 109865 (wfb::port tanzania dar_es_salaam-tanzania );; line 109865 (wfb::port tanzania kigoma-tanzania );; line 109865 (wfb::port tanzania lindi-tanzania );; line 109865 (wfb::port tanzania mkoani-tanzania );; line 109865 (wfb::port tanzania mtwara-tanzania );; line 109865 (wfb::port tanzania musoma-tanzania );; line 109865 (wfb::port tanzania mwanza-tanzania );; line 109865 (wfb::port tanzania tanga-tanzania );; line 109865 (wfb::port tanzania wete-tanzania );; line 109865 (wfb::port tanzania zanzibar-tanzania );; line 109865 (wfb::merchant_marine tanzania total "7 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 29,145 GRT/39,186 DWT" );; line 109871 (wfb::merchant_marine tanzania ships_by_type "cargo 3, oil tanker 1, passenger-cargo 2, roll-on/roll-off cargo 1" );; line 109873 (wfb::airports tanzania total 108 );; line 109879 (wfb::airports tanzania |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 2 );; line 109881 (wfb::airports tanzania |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 2 );; line 109883 (wfb::airports tanzania |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 6 );; line 109885 (wfb::airports tanzania |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 109887 (wfb::airports tanzania with_paved_runways_under_914_m 30 );; line 109889 (wfb::airports tanzania |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 16 );; line 109891 (wfb::airports tanzania |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 51 );; line 109893 (wfb::telephone_system tanzania "103,800 telephones; fair system operating below capacity" );; line 109898 (wfb::telephone_system tanzania local "NA" );; line 109900 (wfb::telephone_system tanzania intercity "open wire, microwave radio relay, troposcatter" );; line 109902 (wfb::telephone_system tanzania international "2 satellite earth stations - 1 Indian Ocean INTELSAT and 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT" );; line 109904 (wfb::radio tanzania broadcast_stations am 12 );; line 109910 (wfb::radio tanzania broadcast_stations fm 4 );; line 109910 (wfb::radio tanzania broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 109910 (wfb::radio tanzania radios n/a );; line 109912 (wfb::television tanzania broadcast_stations 2 );; line 109917 (wfb::television tanzania televisions n/a );; line 109919 (wfb::comment defense_branch tanzania |Tanzanian People's Defense Force_tanzania| "TPDF; includes Army, Navy, and Air Force" );; line 109925 (wfb::defense_branch tanzania |Tanzanian People's Defense Force_tanzania| );; line 109925 (wfb::defense_branch tanzania paramilitary_police_field_force_unit_tanzania );; line 109925 (wfb::defense_branch tanzania militia_tanzania );; line 109925 (wfb::manpower_availability tanzania "males age 15-49 6,188,455; males fit for military service 3,584,912 (1995 est.)" );; line 109930 (wfb::for-fiscal-year defense_expenditures tanzania 94 );; line 109935 (wfb::defense_expenditures tanzania (* 69e6 $) );; line 109935 (wfb::defense_expenditures tanzania (* n/a %_of_gdp) );; line 109935 (wfb::markup-parameter figure thailand "graphno=\"th.tif\"" );; line 109941 (wfb::location thailand "Southeastern Asia, bordering the Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand, southeast of Burma" );; line 109945 (wfb::map_references thailand "Southeast Asia" );; line 109950 (wfb::area thailand total_area (* 514000 sq_km) );; line 109955 (wfb::area thailand land_area (* 511770 sq_km) );; line 109957 (wfb::area thailand comparative_area "slightly more than twice the size of Wyoming" );; line 109959 (wfb::borders thailand total (* 4863 km) );; line 109963 (wfb::borders thailand burma (* 1800 km) );; line 109963 (wfb::borders thailand cambodia (* 803 km) );; line 109963 (wfb::borders thailand laos (* 1754 km) );; line 109963 (wfb::borders thailand malaysia (* 506 km) );; line 109963 (wfb::coastline thailand (* 3219 km) );; line 109968 (wfb::maritime_claims thailand exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 109975 (wfb::maritime_claims thailand territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 109977 (wfb::international_disputes thailand "boundary dispute with Laos" );; line 109981 (wfb::international_disputes thailand "unresolved maritime boundary with Vietnam" );; line 109981 (wfb::international_disputes thailand "parts of border with Thailand in dispute" );; line 109981 (wfb::international_disputes thailand "maritime boundary with Thailand not clearly defined" );; line 109981 (wfb::climate thailand "tropical" );; line 109987 (wfb::climate thailand "rainy, warm, cloudy southwest monsoon (mid-May to September)" );; line 109987 (wfb::climate thailand "dry, cool northeast monsoon (November to mid-March)" );; line 109987 (wfb::climate thailand "southern isthmus always hot and humid" );; line 109987 (wfb::terrain thailand "central plain" );; line 109993 (wfb::terrain thailand "Khorat plateau in the east" );; line 109993 (wfb::terrain thailand "mountains elsewhere" );; line 109993 (wfb::natural-resource thailand tin );; line 109997 (wfb::natural-resource thailand rubber-natural-resource );; line 109997 (wfb::natural-resource thailand natural_gas );; line 109997 (wfb::natural-resource thailand tungsten );; line 109997 (wfb::natural-resource thailand tantalum );; line 109997 (wfb::natural-resource thailand timber );; line 109997 (wfb::natural-resource thailand lead );; line 109997 (wfb::natural-resource thailand fish );; line 109997 (wfb::natural-resource thailand gypsum );; line 109997 (wfb::natural-resource thailand lignite );; line 109997 (wfb::natural-resource thailand fluorite );; line 109997 (wfb::land_use thailand arable_land (* 34 %) );; line 110003 (wfb::land_use thailand permanent_crops (* 4 %) );; line 110005 (wfb::land_use thailand meadows_and_pastures (* 1 %) );; line 110007 (wfb::land_use thailand forest_and_woodland (* 30 %) );; line 110009 (wfb::land_use thailand other (* 31 %) );; line 110011 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land thailand date_1989 );; line 110015 (wfb::irrigated_land thailand (* 42300 sq_km) );; line 110015 (wfb::environment thailand current_issues "air pollution from vehicle emissions" );; line 110020 (wfb::environment thailand current_issues "water pollution from organic and factory wastes" );; line 110020 (wfb::environment thailand current_issues "deforestation" );; line 110020 (wfb::environment thailand current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 110020 (wfb::environment thailand current_issues "wildlife populations threatened by illegal hunting" );; line 110020 (wfb::environment thailand natural_hazards "land subsidence in Bangkok area resulting from the depletion of the water table" );; line 110024 (wfb::environment thailand natural_hazards "droughts" );; line 110024 (wfb::environment thailand international_agreements "party to - Climate Change, Endangered Species, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Tropical Timber 83" );; line 110027 (wfb::environment thailand international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea" );; line 110027 (wfb::note thailand "controls only land route from Asia to Malaysia and Singapore" );; line 110033 (wfb::estimation-date population thailand date_jul_1995 );; line 110039 (wfb::population thailand 60271300 );; line 110039 (wfb::age_structure thailand 0-14_years (* 29 %) );; line 110044 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex thailand 0-14_years female 8545362 );; line 110044 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex thailand 0-14_years male 8866271 );; line 110044 (wfb::age_structure thailand 15-64_years (* 66 %) );; line 110046 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex thailand 15-64_years female 19733773 );; line 110046 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex thailand 15-64_years male 20185392 );; line 110046 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure thailand 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 110048 (wfb::age_structure thailand 65_years_and_over (* 5 %) );; line 110048 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex thailand 65_years_and_over female 1636426 );; line 110048 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex thailand 65_years_and_over male 1304076 );; line 110048 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate thailand date_1995 );; line 110052 (wfb::population_growth_rate thailand (* 1.24 %) );; line 110052 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate thailand date_1995 );; line 110056 (wfb::birth_rate thailand (* 18.87 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 110056 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate thailand date_1995 );; line 110060 (wfb::death_rate thailand (* 6.48 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 110060 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate thailand date_1995 );; line 110064 (wfb::net_migration_rate thailand (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 110064 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate thailand date_1995 );; line 110068 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate thailand (* 35.7 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 110068 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth thailand total_population (* 68.42 years) );; line 110073 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth thailand male (* 64.94 years) );; line 110075 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth thailand female date_1995 );; line 110077 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth thailand female (* 72.08 years) );; line 110077 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate thailand date_1995 );; line 110081 (wfb::total_fertility_rate thailand (* 2.04 children_born/woman) );; line 110081 (wfb::nationality thailand noun "Thai (singular and plural)" );; line 110086 (wfb::nationality thailand adjective "Thai" );; line 110088 (wfb::ethnic-entity thailand thai (* 75 %) );; line 110092 (wfb::ethnic-entity thailand chinese (* 14 %) );; line 110092 (wfb::measurement-date religion date_1991 );; line 110096 (wfb::religion thailand buddhism (* 95 %) );; line 110096 (wfb::religion thailand muslim (* 3.8 %) );; line 110096 (wfb::religion thailand christianity (* 0.5 %) );; line 110096 (wfb::religion thailand hinduism (* 0.1 %) );; line 110096 (wfb::language thailand thai-language-group n/a );; line 110101 (wfb::language thailand english_the_secondary_language_of_the_elite n/a );; line 110101 (wfb::language thailand ethnic_and_regional_dialects n/a );; line 110101 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition thailand date_1990 );; line 110106 (wfb::literacy-condition thailand "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 110106 (wfb::literacy thailand total_population (* 93 %) );; line 110108 (wfb::literacy thailand male (* 96 %) );; line 110110 (wfb::literacy thailand female (* 91 %) );; line 110112 (wfb::total_labor_force thailand 30.87e6 );; line 110116 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force thailand by_occupation date_1989 );; line 110118 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1989 );; line 110118 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation thailand agriculture (* 62 %) );; line 110118 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation thailand industry (* 13 %) );; line 110118 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation thailand commerce (* 11 %) );; line 110118 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation thailand |services (including government)| (* 14 %) );; line 110118 (wfb::names thailand conventional_long_form "Kingdom of Thailand" );; line 110125 (wfb::names thailand conventional_short_form "Thailand" );; line 110127 (wfb::digraph thailand "TH" );; line 110131 (wfb::type thailand "constitutional monarchy" );; line 110135 (wfb::capital thailand bangkok-thailand );; line 110139 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_thailand_provinces "provinces" "changwat" "changwat" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_divisions thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces 76 );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Amnat Charoen" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Ang Thong" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Buriram" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Chachoengsao" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Chai Nat" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Chaiyaphum" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Chanthaburi" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Chiang Mai" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Chiang Rai" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Chon Buri" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Chumphon" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Kalasin" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Kamphaeng Phet" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Kanchanaburi" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Khon Kaen" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Krabi" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Krung Thep Mahanakhon" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Lampang" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Lamphun" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Loei" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Lop Buri" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Mae Hong Son" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Maha Sarakham" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Mukdahan" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Nakhon Nayok" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Nakhon Pathom" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Nakhon Phanom" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Nakhon Ratchasima" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Nakhon Sawan" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Nakhon Si Thammarat" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Nan" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Narathiwat" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Nong Bua Lamphu" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Nong Khai" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Nonthaburi" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Pathum Thani" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Pattani" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Phangnga" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Phatthalung" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Phayao" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Phetchabun" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Phetchaburi" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Phichit" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Phitsanulok" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Phrae" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Phuket" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Prachin Buri" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Prachuap Khiri Khan" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Ranong" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Ratchaburi" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Rayong" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Roi Et" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Sa Kaeo" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Sakon Nakhon" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Samut Prakan" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Samut Sakhon" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Samut Songkhram" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Sara Buri" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Satun" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Sing Buri" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Sisaket" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Songkhla" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Sukhothai" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Suphan Buri" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Surat Thani" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Surin" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Tak" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Trang" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Trat" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Ubon Ratchathani" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Udon Thani" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Uthai Thani" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Uttaradit" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Yala" );; line 110143 (wfb::administrative_division_of thailand adm_div_thailand_provinces "Yasothon" );; line 110143 (wfb::comment independence thailand "traditional founding date; never colonized" );; line 110159 (wfb::independence thailand date_1238 "n/a" );; line 110159 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1927 );; line 110163 (wfb::comment national_holiday thailand "1927" );; line 110163 (wfb::national_holiday thailand "Birthday of His Majesty the King" date_5_dec );; line 110163 (wfb::constitution thailand "new constitution approved 7 December 1991; amended 10 June 1992" );; line 110167 (wfb::legal_system thailand "based on civil law system, with influences of common law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction; martial law in effect since 23 February 1991 military coup" );; line 110171 (wfb::comment suffrage thailand " universal" );; line 110177 (wfb::suffrage thailand (* 21 years_of_age) );; line 110177 (wfb::comment executive_branch thailand chief_of_state "Heir Apparent Crown Prince WACHIRALONGKON (born 28 July 1952)" );; line 110182 (wfb::executive_branch thailand chief_of_state "King PHUMIPHON Adunyadet " date_9_jun_1946 );; line 110182 (wfb::executive_branch thailand head_of_government "Prime Minister CHUAN Likphai " date_23_sep_1992 );; line 110185 (wfb::executive_branch thailand cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 110187 (wfb::executive_branch thailand privy_council "NA" );; line 110189 (wfb::legislative_structure thailand bicameral "National Assembly (Rathasatha)" );; line 110193 (wfb::legislative_branch thailand "Senate (Vuthisatha)" "consists of a 270-member appointed body" );; line 110195 (wfb::legislative_branch thailand "House of Representatives (Saphaphoothan-Rajsadhorn)" "elections last held 13 September 1992 (next to be held NA); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (360 total) DP 79, TNP 77, NDP 60, NAP 51, Phalang Tham 47, SAP 22, LDP 8, SP 8, Mass Party 4, Thai Citizen's Party 3, People's Party 1, People's Force Party 0" );; line 110197 (wfb::judicial_branch thailand "Supreme Court (Sarndika)" );; line 110204 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders thailand "Democrat Party (DP), CHUAN Likphai; Thai Nation Party (TNP or Chat Thai Party), Banhan SINLAPA-ACHA; National Development Party (NDP or Chat Phattana), Chatchai CHUNHAWAN; New Aspiration Party (NAP), Gen. Chawalit YONGCHAIYUT; Phalang Tham (Palang Dharma), CHAMLONG Simuang; Social Action Party (SAP), Montri PHONGPHANIT; Liberal Democratic Party (LDP or Seri Tham), Athit URAIRAT; Solidarity Party (SP), Uthai PHIMCHAICHON; Mass Party (Muanchon), Pol. Cpt. Choem YUBAMRUNG; Thai Citizen's Party (Prachakon Thai), Samak SUNTHONWET; People's Party (Ratsadon), Chaiphak SIRIWAT; People's Force Party (Phalang Prachachon), Col. Sophon HANCHAREON" );; line 110208 (wfb::member_of thailand apec );; line 110220 (wfb::member_of thailand asdb );; line 110220 (wfb::member_of thailand asean );; line 110220 (wfb::member_of thailand ccc );; line 110220 (wfb::member_of thailand cp );; line 110220 (wfb::member_of thailand escap );; line 110220 (wfb::member_of thailand fao );; line 110220 (wfb::member_of thailand g-77 );; line 110220 (wfb::member_of thailand gatt );; line 110220 (wfb::member_of thailand iaea );; line 110220 (wfb::member_of thailand ibrd );; line 110220 (wfb::member_of thailand icao );; line 110220 (wfb::member_of thailand icftu );; line 110220 (wfb::member_of thailand icrm );; line 110220 (wfb::member_of thailand ida );; line 110220 (wfb::member_of thailand ifad );; line 110220 (wfb::member_of thailand ifc );; line 110220 (wfb::member_of thailand ifrcs );; line 110220 (wfb::member_of thailand ilo );; line 110220 (wfb::member_of thailand imf );; line 110220 (wfb::member_of thailand imo );; line 110220 (wfb::member_of thailand intelsat );; line 110220 (wfb::member_of thailand interpol );; line 110220 (wfb::member_of thailand ioc );; line 110220 (wfb::member_of thailand iom );; line 110220 (wfb::member_of thailand iso );; line 110220 (wfb::member_of thailand itu );; line 110220 (wfb::member_of thailand nam );; line 110220 (wfb::member_of thailand pca );; line 110220 (wfb::member_of thailand un );; line 110220 (wfb::member_of thailand unctad );; line 110220 (wfb::member_of thailand unesco );; line 110220 (wfb::member_of thailand unhcr );; line 110220 (wfb::member_of thailand unido );; line 110220 (wfb::member_of thailand unikom );; line 110220 (wfb::member_of thailand unu );; line 110220 (wfb::member_of thailand upu );; line 110220 (wfb::member_of thailand wcl );; line 110220 (wfb::member_of thailand wftu );; line 110220 (wfb::member_of thailand who );; line 110220 (wfb::member_of thailand wipo );; line 110220 (wfb::member_of thailand wmo );; line 110220 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us thailand chief_of_mission "Ambassador MANATPHAT Chuto" );; line 110228 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us thailand chancery "1024 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20007" );; line 110230 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us thailand telephone "[1] (202) 944-3600" );; line 110232 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us thailand fax "[1] (202) 944-3611" );; line 110234 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us thailand |consulate(s) general| "Chicago, Los Angeles, and New York" );; line 110236 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation thailand chief_of_mission "Ambassador David F. LAMBERTSON" );; line 110241 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation thailand embassy "95 Wireless Road, Bangkok" );; line 110243 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation thailand mailing_address "APO AP 96546" );; line 110245 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation thailand telephone "[66] (2) 252-5040" );; line 110247 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation thailand fax "[66] (2) 254-2990" );; line 110249 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation thailand |consulate(s) general| "Chiang Mai" );; line 110251 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation thailand |consulate(s)| "Udorn (Udon Thani)" );; line 110253 (wfb::flag thailand "five horizontal bands of red (top), white, blue (double width), white, and red" );; line 110257 (wfb::overview thailand "Thailand's economy recovered rapidly from the political unrest in May 1992 to post an impressive 7.5% growth rate for the year, 7.8% in 1993, and 8% in 1994. One of the more advanced developing countries in Asia, Thailand depends on exports of manufactures and the development of the service sector to fuel the country's rapid growth. Much of Thailand's recent imports have been for capital equipment, suggesting that the export sector is poised for further growth. With foreign investment slowing, Bangkok is working to increase the generation of domestic capital. Prime Minister CHUAN's government - Thailand's fifth government in less than three years - is pledged to continue Bangkok's probusiness policies, and the return of a democratically elected government has improved business confidence. Even so, CHUAN must overcome divisions within his ruling coalition to complete much needed infrastructure development programs if Thailand is to remain an attractive place for business investment. Over the longer-term, Bangkok must produce more college graduates with technical training and upgrade workers' skills to continue its rapid economic development." );; line 110263 (wfb::estimation-date national_product thailand date_1994 );; line 110282 (wfb::national_product thailand (* 355.2e9 $) );; line 110282 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate thailand date_1994 );; line 110286 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate thailand (* 8 %) );; line 110286 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita thailand date_1994 );; line 110290 (wfb::national_product_per_capita thailand (* 5970 $) );; line 110290 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| thailand "5% (1994 est.)" );; line 110294 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate thailand date_1993 );; line 110298 (wfb::unemployment_rate thailand (* 3.2 %) );; line 110298 (wfb::budget thailand revenues (* 28.4e9 $) );; line 110303 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year budget thailand 94 );; line 110305 (wfb::budget thailand expenditures (* 28.4e9 $) );; line 110305 (wfb::budget thailand capital_expenditures (* 9.6e9 $) );; line 110305 (wfb::exports thailand (* 46e9 $) );; line 110310 (wfb::estimation-date exports thailand date_1994 );; line 110312 (wfb::exports thailand commodities machinery_and_manufactures (* 83 %) );; line 110312 (wfb::exports thailand commodities agricultural_products_and_fisheries (* 16 %) );; line 110312 (wfb::measurement-date exports thailand date_1993 );; line 110315 (wfb::exports thailand partners us (* 22 %) );; line 110315 (wfb::exports thailand partners japan (* 17 %) );; line 110315 (wfb::exports thailand partners singapore (* 12 %) );; line 110315 (wfb::exports thailand partners hong_kong (* 5 %) );; line 110315 (wfb::exports thailand partners germany (* 4 %) );; line 110315 (wfb::imports thailand (* 52.6e9 $) );; line 110319 (wfb::estimation-date imports thailand date_1994 );; line 110321 (wfb::imports thailand commodities capital_goods (* 44 %) );; line 110321 (wfb::imports thailand commodities intermediate_goods_and_raw_materials (* 37 %) );; line 110321 (wfb::imports thailand commodities consumer_goods (* 16 %) );; line 110321 (wfb::measurement-date imports thailand date_1993 );; line 110324 (wfb::imports thailand partners japan (* 30 %) );; line 110324 (wfb::imports thailand partners us (* 12 %) );; line 110324 (wfb::imports thailand partners singapore (* 6 %) );; line 110324 (wfb::imports thailand partners germany (* 5 %) );; line 110324 (wfb::imports thailand partners taiwan (* 5 %) );; line 110324 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt thailand date_1994 );; line 110328 (wfb::external_debt thailand (* 64.3e9 $) );; line 110328 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 110332 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production thailand date_1993 );; line 110332 (wfb::industrial_production thailand growth_rate (* 11.5 %) );; line 110332 (wfb::electricity thailand capacity (* 12810000 kw) );; line 110337 (wfb::electricity thailand production (* 56.8e9 kwh) );; line 110339 (wfb::measurement-date electricity thailand consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 110341 (wfb::electricity thailand consumption_per_capita (* 909 kwh) );; line 110341 (wfb::industry thailand tourism_is_the_largest_source_of_foreign_exchange );; line 110345 (wfb::industry thailand textiles );; line 110345 (wfb::industry thailand garments-industry );; line 110345 (wfb::industry thailand agricultural_processing );; line 110345 (wfb::industry thailand beverages-industry );; line 110345 (wfb::industry thailand tobacco-industry );; line 110345 (wfb::industry thailand cement );; line 110345 (wfb::industry thailand light_manufacturing );; line 110345 (wfb::industry thailand such_as_jewelry );; line 110345 (wfb::industry thailand electric_appliances_and_components );; line 110345 (wfb::industry thailand integrated_circuits );; line 110345 (wfb::industry thailand furniture );; line 110345 (wfb::industry thailand plastics );; line 110345 (wfb::industry thailand |world's second-largest tungsten producer and third-largest tin producer| );; line 110345 (wfb::agriculture thailand "accounts for 11% of GDP and 62% of labor force; leading producer and exporter of rice and cassava (tapioca); other crops - rubber, corn, sugarcane, coconuts, soybeans; except for wheat, self-sufficient in food" );; line 110353 (wfb::illicit_drugs thailand "a minor producer of opium and marijuana; major illicit transit point for heroin, particularly from Burma and Laos, for the international drug market; eradication efforts have reduced the area of cannabis cultivation and shifted some production to neighboring countries; opium poppy cultivation has been reduced by eradication efforts; also a major drug money laundering center; rapidly growing role in amphetamine production for regional consumption; increasing indigenous abuse of heroin and cocaine" );; line 110359 (wfb::economic_aid thailand recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $870 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $8.6 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $19 million" );; line 110370 (wfb::abbreviation baht "B" );; line 110376 (wfb::currency thailand baht 100 satang );; line 110376 (wfb::exchange_rates thailand "baht (B) per US$1 - 25.074 (January 1995), 25.150 (1994), 25.319 (1993), 25.400 (1992), 25.517 (1991), 25.585 (1990)" );; line 110380 (wfb::fiscal_year thailand date_1_oct date_30_sep );; line 110385 (wfb::railroads thailand total "3,940 km" );; line 110391 (wfb::railroads thailand narrow_gauge "3,940 km 1.000-m gauge (99 km double track)" );; line 110393 (wfb::highways thailand total (* 77697 km) );; line 110398 (wfb::comment highways thailand paved "including 88 km of expressways" );; line 110400 (wfb::measurement-date highways thailand date_1988 );; line 110402 (wfb::highways thailand earth (* 27750 km) );; line 110402 (wfb::inland_waterways thailand "3,999 km principal waterways; 3,701 km with navigable depths of 0.9 m or more throughout the year; numerous minor waterways navigable by shallow-draft native craft" );; line 110406 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 67 km) );; line 110412 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 350 km) );; line 110412 (wfb::port thailand bangkok-thailand );; line 110416 (wfb::port thailand laem_chabang-thailand );; line 110416 (wfb::port thailand pattani-thailand );; line 110416 (wfb::port thailand phuket-thailand );; line 110416 (wfb::port thailand sattahip-thailand );; line 110416 (wfb::port thailand si_racha-thailand );; line 110416 (wfb::port thailand songkhla-thailand );; line 110416 (wfb::merchant_marine thailand total "229 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,231,172 GRT/1,931,117 DWT" );; line 110422 (wfb::merchant_marine thailand ships_by_type "bulk 22, cargo 122, chemical tanker 3, combination bulk 1, container 15, liquefied gas tanker 9, oil tanker 45, passenger 1, refrigerated cargo 7, roll-on/roll-off cargo 2, short-sea passenger 1, specialized tanker 1" );; line 110425 (wfb::airports thailand total 105 );; line 110433 (wfb::airports thailand |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 6 );; line 110435 (wfb::airports thailand |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 9 );; line 110437 (wfb::airports thailand |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 10 );; line 110439 (wfb::airports thailand |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 23 );; line 110441 (wfb::airports thailand with_paved_runways_under_914_m 42 );; line 110443 (wfb::airports thailand |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 1 );; line 110445 (wfb::airports thailand |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 14 );; line 110447 (wfb::telephone_system thailand "739,500 telephones (1987); service to general public inadequate; bulk of service to government activities provided by multichannel cable and microwave radio relay network" );; line 110452 (wfb::telephone_system thailand local "NA" );; line 110456 (wfb::telephone_system thailand intercity "microwave radio relay and multichannel cable; domestic satellite system being developed" );; line 110458 (wfb::telephone_system thailand international "2 INTELSAT (1 Indian Ocean and 1 Pacific Ocean) earth stations" );; line 110461 (wfb::comment radio thailand broadcast_stations am "in government-controlled network" );; line 110466 (wfb::radio thailand broadcast_stations am 200 );; line 110466 (wfb::comment radio thailand broadcast_stations fm "in government-controlled network" );; line 110466 (wfb::radio thailand broadcast_stations fm 100 );; line 110466 (wfb::radio thailand broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 110466 (wfb::radio thailand radios n/a );; line 110469 (wfb::comment television thailand broadcast_stations "in government-controlled network" );; line 110474 (wfb::television thailand broadcast_stations 11 );; line 110474 (wfb::television thailand televisions n/a );; line 110476 (wfb::defense_branch thailand royal_thai_army_thailand );; line 110482 (wfb::comment defense_branch thailand royal_thai_navy_thailand "includes Royal Thai Marine Corps" );; line 110482 (wfb::defense_branch thailand royal_thai_navy_thailand );; line 110482 (wfb::defense_branch thailand royal_thai_air_force_thailand );; line 110482 (wfb::defense_branch thailand paramilitary_forces_thailand );; line 110482 (wfb::manpower_availability thailand "males age 15-49 17,297,854; males fit for military service 10,489,564; males reach military age (18) annually 585,009 (1995 est.)" );; line 110487 (wfb::for-fiscal-year defense_expenditures thailand 94 );; line 110492 (wfb::defense_expenditures thailand (* 4.0e9 $) );; line 110492 (wfb::defense_expenditures thailand (* 2.5 %_of_gnp) );; line 110492 (wfb::markup-parameter figure togo "graphno=\"to.tif\"" );; line 110498 (wfb::location togo "Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Benin and Ghana" );; line 110502 (wfb::map_references togo "Africa" );; line 110507 (wfb::area togo total_area (* 56790 sq_km) );; line 110512 (wfb::area togo land_area (* 54390 sq_km) );; line 110514 (wfb::area togo comparative_area "slightly smaller than West Virginia" );; line 110516 (wfb::borders togo total (* 1647 km) );; line 110520 (wfb::borders togo benin (* 644 km) );; line 110520 (wfb::borders togo burkina (* 126 km) );; line 110520 (wfb::borders togo ghana (* 877 km) );; line 110520 (wfb::coastline togo (* 56 km) );; line 110524 (wfb::maritime_claims togo exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 110529 (wfb::maritime_claims togo territorial_sea (* 30 nm) );; line 110531 (wfb::international_disputes togo "none" );; line 110535 (wfb::climate togo "tropical" );; line 110539 (wfb::climate togo "hot, humid in south" );; line 110539 (wfb::climate togo "semiarid in north" );; line 110539 (wfb::terrain togo "gently rolling savanna in north" );; line 110543 (wfb::terrain togo "central hills" );; line 110543 (wfb::terrain togo "southern plateau" );; line 110543 (wfb::terrain togo "low coastal plain with extensive lagoons and marshes" );; line 110543 (wfb::natural-resource togo phosphates );; line 110548 (wfb::natural-resource togo limestone );; line 110548 (wfb::natural-resource togo marble );; line 110548 (wfb::land_use togo arable_land (* 25 %) );; line 110553 (wfb::land_use togo permanent_crops (* 1 %) );; line 110555 (wfb::land_use togo meadows_and_pastures (* 4 %) );; line 110557 (wfb::land_use togo forest_and_woodland (* 28 %) );; line 110559 (wfb::land_use togo other (* 42 %) );; line 110561 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land togo date_1989 );; line 110565 (wfb::irrigated_land togo (* 70 sq_km) );; line 110565 (wfb::environment togo current_issues "deforestation attributable to slash-and-burn agriculture and the use of wood for fuel" );; line 110570 (wfb::environment togo current_issues "recent droughts affecting agriculture" );; line 110570 (wfb::environment togo natural_hazards "hot, dry harmattan wind can reduce visibility in north during winter" );; line 110573 (wfb::environment togo natural_hazards "periodic droughts" );; line 110573 (wfb::environment togo international_agreements "party to - Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83" );; line 110576 (wfb::environment togo international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Tropical Timber 94" );; line 110576 (wfb::estimation-date population togo date_jul_1995 );; line 110584 (wfb::population togo 4410370 );; line 110584 (wfb::age_structure togo 0-14_years (* 49 %) );; line 110589 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex togo 0-14_years female 1069171 );; line 110589 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex togo 0-14_years male 1079999 );; line 110589 (wfb::age_structure togo 15-64_years (* 49 %) );; line 110591 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex togo 15-64_years female 1121685 );; line 110591 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex togo 15-64_years male 1043000 );; line 110591 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure togo 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 110593 (wfb::age_structure togo 65_years_and_over (* 2 %) );; line 110593 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex togo 65_years_and_over female 51392 );; line 110593 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex togo 65_years_and_over male 45123 );; line 110593 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate togo date_1995 );; line 110597 (wfb::population_growth_rate togo (* 3.58 %) );; line 110597 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate togo date_1995 );; line 110601 (wfb::birth_rate togo (* 46.78 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 110601 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate togo date_1995 );; line 110605 (wfb::death_rate togo (* 11.01 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 110605 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate togo date_1995 );; line 110609 (wfb::net_migration_rate togo (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 110609 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate togo date_1995 );; line 110613 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate togo (* 86.5 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 110613 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth togo total_population (* 57.42 years) );; line 110618 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth togo male (* 55.29 years) );; line 110620 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth togo female date_1995 );; line 110622 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth togo female (* 59.6 years) );; line 110622 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate togo date_1995 );; line 110626 (wfb::total_fertility_rate togo (* 6.83 children_born/woman) );; line 110626 (wfb::nationality togo noun "Togolese (singular and plural)" );; line 110631 (wfb::nationality togo adjective "Togolese" );; line 110633 (wfb::religion togo indigenous_beliefs (* 70 %) );; line 110642 (wfb::religion togo christian (* 20 %) );; line 110642 (wfb::religion togo muslim (* 10 %) );; line 110642 (wfb::language togo french n/a );; line 110646 (wfb::comment language togo french "official and the language of commerce" );; line 110646 (wfb::language togo ewe_and_mina n/a );; line 110646 (wfb::comment language togo ewe_and_mina "the two major African languages in the south" );; line 110646 (wfb::language togo dagomba_and_kabye n/a );; line 110646 (wfb::comment language togo dagomba_and_kabye "the two major African languages in the north" );; line 110646 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition togo date_1990 );; line 110652 (wfb::literacy-condition togo "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 110652 (wfb::literacy togo total_population (* 43 %) );; line 110654 (wfb::literacy togo male (* 56 %) );; line 110656 (wfb::literacy togo female (* 31 %) );; line 110658 (wfb::total_labor_force togo n/a );; line 110662 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation togo agriculture (* 80 %) );; line 110664 (wfb::comment labor_force togo "about 88,600 wage earners, evenly divided between public and private sectors" );; line 110666 (wfb::names togo conventional_long_form "Republic of Togo" );; line 110673 (wfb::names togo conventional_short_form "Togo" );; line 110675 (wfb::names togo local_long_form "Republique Togolaise" );; line 110677 (wfb::names togo former "French Togo" );; line 110681 (wfb::digraph togo "TO" );; line 110685 (wfb::type togo "republic under transition to multiparty democratic rule" );; line 110689 (wfb::capital togo lome-togo );; line 110693 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_togo_circumscriptions "circumscriptions" "circonscriptions" "circonscription" );; line 110697 (wfb::administrative_divisions togo adm_div_togo_circumscriptions 23 );; line 110697 (wfb::administrative_division_of togo adm_div_togo_circumscriptions "Amlame (Amou)" );; line 110697 (wfb::administrative_division_of togo adm_div_togo_circumscriptions "Aneho (Lacs)" );; line 110697 (wfb::administrative_division_of togo adm_div_togo_circumscriptions "Atakpame (Ogou)" );; line 110697 (wfb::administrative_division_of togo adm_div_togo_circumscriptions "Badou (Wawa)" );; line 110697 (wfb::administrative_division_of togo adm_div_togo_circumscriptions "Bafilo (Assoli)" );; line 110697 (wfb::administrative_division_of togo adm_div_togo_circumscriptions "Bassar (Bassari)" );; line 110697 (wfb::administrative_division_of togo adm_div_togo_circumscriptions "Dapango (Tone)" );; line 110697 (wfb::administrative_division_of togo adm_div_togo_circumscriptions "Kande (Keran)" );; line 110697 (wfb::administrative_division_of togo adm_div_togo_circumscriptions "Klouto (Kloto)" );; line 110697 (wfb::administrative_division_of togo adm_div_togo_circumscriptions "Pagouda (Binah)" );; line 110697 (wfb::administrative_division_of togo adm_div_togo_circumscriptions "Lama-Kara (Kozah)" );; line 110697 (wfb::administrative_division_of togo adm_div_togo_circumscriptions "Lome (Golfe)" );; line 110697 (wfb::administrative_division_of togo adm_div_togo_circumscriptions "Mango (Oti)" );; line 110697 (wfb::administrative_division_of togo adm_div_togo_circumscriptions "Niamtougou (Doufelgou)" );; line 110697 (wfb::administrative_division_of togo adm_div_togo_circumscriptions "Notse (Haho)" );; line 110697 (wfb::administrative_division_of togo adm_div_togo_circumscriptions "Pagouda" );; line 110697 (wfb::administrative_division_of togo adm_div_togo_circumscriptions "Sotouboua" );; line 110697 (wfb::administrative_division_of togo adm_div_togo_circumscriptions "Tabligbo (Yoto)" );; line 110697 (wfb::administrative_division_of togo adm_div_togo_circumscriptions "Tchamba" );; line 110697 (wfb::administrative_division_of togo adm_div_togo_circumscriptions "Nyala" );; line 110697 (wfb::administrative_division_of togo adm_div_togo_circumscriptions "Tchaoudjo" );; line 110697 (wfb::administrative_division_of togo adm_div_togo_circumscriptions "Tsevie (Zio)" );; line 110697 (wfb::administrative_division_of togo adm_div_togo_circumscriptions "Vogan (Vo)" );; line 110697 (wfb::comment administrative_divisions togo "the 23 units may now be called prefectures (singular - prefecture) and reported name changes for individual units are included in parentheses" );; line 110704 (wfb::independence togo date_27_apr_1960 "French-administered UN trusteeship" );; line 110709 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1960 );; line 110713 (wfb::comment national_holiday togo "1960" );; line 110713 (wfb::national_holiday togo "Independence Day" date_27_apr );; line 110713 (wfb::constitution togo "multiparty draft constitution approved by High Council of the Republic 1 July 1992; adopted by public referendum 27 September 1992" );; line 110717 (wfb::legal_system togo "French-based court system" );; line 110722 (wfb::comment suffrage togo " universal adult" );; line 110726 (wfb::suffrage togo (* n/a years_of_age) );; line 110726 (wfb::comment executive_branch togo chief_of_state "election last held 25 August 1993 (next election to be held NA 1998)" );; line 110731 (wfb::comment executive_branch togo chief_of_state "all major opposition parties boycotted the election" );; line 110731 (wfb::comment executive_branch togo chief_of_state "Gen. EYADEMA won 96.5% of the vote" );; line 110731 (wfb::executive_branch togo chief_of_state "President Gen. Gnassingbe EYADEMA " date_14_apr_1967 );; line 110731 (wfb::executive_branch togo head_of_government "Prime Minister Edem KODJO " date_apr_1994 );; line 110735 (wfb::comment executive_branch togo cabinet "appointed by the president and the prime minister" );; line 110737 (wfb::executive_branch togo cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 110737 (wfb::legislative_structure togo unicameral n/a );; line 110742 (wfb::legislative_branch togo "National Assembly" "elections last held 6 and 20 February 1994 (next to be held NA); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (81 total) CAR 36, RPT 35, UTD 7, UJD 2, CFN 1" );; line 110744 (wfb::comment legislative_branch togo "the Supreme Court ordered new elections for 3 seats of the Action Committee for Renewal (CAR) and the Togolese Union for Democracy (UTD), lowering their total to 34 and 6 seats, respectively; the remaining 3 seats have not been filled" );; line 110748 (wfb::judicial_branch togo "Court of Appeal (Cour d'Appel), Supreme Court (Cour Supreme)" );; line 110755 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders togo "Rally of the Togolese People (RPT), President Gen. Gnassingbe EYADEMA; Coordination des Forces Nouvelles (CFN), Joseph KOFFIGOH; The Togolese Union for Democracy (UTD), Edem KODJO; The Action Committee for Renewal (CAR), Yao AGBOYIBOR; The Union for Democracy and Solidarity (UDS), Antoine FOLLY; The Pan-African Sociodemocrats Group (GSP), an alliance of three radical parties: The Democratic Convention of African Peoples (CDPA), Leopold GNININVI; The Party for Democracy and Renewal (PDR), Zarifou AYEVA; The Pan-African Social Party (PSP), Francis AGBAGLI; The Union of Forces for Change (UFC), Gilchrist OLYMPIO (in exile); Union of Justice and Democracy (UJD), Lal TAXPANDJAN" );; line 110759 (wfb::comment political_parties_and_leaders togo "Rally of the Togolese People (RPT) led by President EYADEMA was the only party until the formation of multiple parties was legalized 12 April 1991" );; line 110770 (wfb::member_of togo acct );; line 110776 (wfb::member_of togo acp );; line 110776 (wfb::member_of togo afdb );; line 110776 (wfb::member_of togo ccc );; line 110776 (wfb::member_of togo ceao );; line 110776 (wfb::comment member_of togo ceao "observer" );; line 110776 (wfb::member_of togo eca );; line 110776 (wfb::member_of togo ecowas );; line 110776 (wfb::member_of togo entente );; line 110776 (wfb::member_of togo fao );; line 110776 (wfb::member_of togo fz );; line 110776 (wfb::member_of togo g-77 );; line 110776 (wfb::member_of togo gatt );; line 110776 (wfb::member_of togo ibrd );; line 110776 (wfb::member_of togo icao );; line 110776 (wfb::member_of togo icc );; line 110776 (wfb::member_of togo icftu );; line 110776 (wfb::member_of togo icrm );; line 110776 (wfb::member_of togo ida );; line 110776 (wfb::member_of togo ifad );; line 110776 (wfb::member_of togo ifc );; line 110776 (wfb::member_of togo ifrcs );; line 110776 (wfb::member_of togo ilo );; line 110776 (wfb::member_of togo imf );; line 110776 (wfb::member_of togo imo );; line 110776 (wfb::member_of togo intelsat );; line 110776 (wfb::member_of togo interpol );; line 110776 (wfb::member_of togo ioc );; line 110776 (wfb::member_of togo itu );; line 110776 (wfb::member_of togo minurso );; line 110776 (wfb::member_of togo nam );; line 110776 (wfb::member_of togo oau );; line 110776 (wfb::member_of togo un );; line 110776 (wfb::member_of togo unamir );; line 110776 (wfb::member_of togo unctad );; line 110776 (wfb::member_of togo unesco );; line 110776 (wfb::member_of togo unido );; line 110776 (wfb::member_of togo upu );; line 110776 (wfb::member_of togo wadb );; line 110776 (wfb::member_of togo wcl );; line 110776 (wfb::member_of togo wftu );; line 110776 (wfb::member_of togo who );; line 110776 (wfb::member_of togo wipo );; line 110776 (wfb::member_of togo wmo );; line 110776 (wfb::member_of togo wto );; line 110776 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us togo chief_of_mission "Charge d'Affaires Edem Frederic HEGBE" );; line 110784 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us togo chancery "2208 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 110786 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us togo telephone "[1] (202) 234-4212" );; line 110788 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us togo fax "[1] (202) 232-3190" );; line 110790 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation togo chief_of_mission "Ambassador Johnny YOUNG (since September 1994)" );; line 110795 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation togo embassy "Rue Pelletier Caventou and Rue Vauban, Lome" );; line 110797 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation togo mailing_address "B. P. 852, Lome" );; line 110799 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation togo telephone "[228] 21 77 17, 21 29 91 through 21 29 94" );; line 110801 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation togo fax "[228] 21 79 52" );; line 110803 (wfb::flag togo "five equal horizontal bands of green (top and bottom) alternating with yellow; there is a white five-pointed star on a red square in the upper hoist-side corner; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia" );; line 110807 (wfb::overview togo "The economy is heavily dependent on subsistence agriculture, which accounts for about half of GDP and provides employment for 80% of the labor force. Primary agricultural exports are cocoa, coffee, and cotton, which together generate about 30% of total export earnings. Togo is self-sufficient in basic foodstuffs when harvests are normal. In the industrial sector phosphate mining is by far the most important activity, although it has suffered from the collapse of world phosphate prices and increased foreign competition. Togo serves as a regional commercial and trade center. The government's decade-long IMF and World Bank supported effort to implement economic reform measures to encourage foreign investment and bring revenues in line with expenditures has stalled. Political unrest, including private and public sector strikes throughout 1992 and 1993, has jeopardized the reform program, shrunk the tax base, and disrupted vital economic activity. Although strikes had ended in 1994, political unrest and lack of funds prevented the government from taking advantage of the 50% currency devaluation of January 1994. Resumption of World Bank and IMF flows will depend on implementation of several controversial moves toward privatization and on downsizing the military, on which the regime depends to stay in power." );; line 110814 (wfb::estimation-date national_product togo date_1993 );; line 110835 (wfb::national_product togo (* 3.3e9 $) );; line 110835 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate togo (* n/a %) );; line 110839 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita togo date_1993 );; line 110843 (wfb::national_product_per_capita togo (* 800 $) );; line 110843 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| togo "0.5% (1991 est.)" );; line 110847 (wfb::unemployment_rate togo (* n/a %) );; line 110851 (wfb::budget togo revenues (* 284e6 $) );; line 110856 (wfb::estimation-date budget togo date_1991 );; line 110858 (wfb::budget togo expenditures (* 407e6 $) );; line 110858 (wfb::budget togo capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 110858 (wfb::exports togo (* 221e6 $) );; line 110862 (wfb::exports togo commodities phosphates-commodity n/a );; line 110864 (wfb::exports togo commodities cotton n/a );; line 110864 (wfb::exports togo commodities cocoa n/a );; line 110864 (wfb::exports togo commodities coffee n/a );; line 110864 (wfb::measurement-date exports togo date_1990 );; line 110866 (wfb::exports togo partners ec (* 40 %) );; line 110866 (wfb::exports togo partners africa (* 16 %) );; line 110866 (wfb::exports togo partners us (* 1 %) );; line 110866 (wfb::imports togo (* 292e6 $) );; line 110870 (wfb::imports togo commodities machinery_and_equipment n/a );; line 110872 (wfb::imports togo commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 110872 (wfb::imports togo commodities food n/a );; line 110872 (wfb::imports togo commodities chemical_products n/a );; line 110872 (wfb::measurement-date imports togo date_1990 );; line 110874 (wfb::imports togo partners ec (* 57 %) );; line 110874 (wfb::imports togo partners africa (* 17 %) );; line 110874 (wfb::imports togo partners us (* 5 %) );; line 110874 (wfb::imports togo partners japan (* 4 %) );; line 110874 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt togo date_1991 );; line 110878 (wfb::external_debt togo (* 1.3e9 $) );; line 110878 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1991 );; line 110882 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production togo date_1991 );; line 110882 (wfb::industrial_production togo growth_rate (* 9 %) );; line 110882 (wfb::industrial_production togo accounts_for (* 20 %_of_gdp) );; line 110882 (wfb::electricity togo capacity (* 30000 kw) );; line 110887 (wfb::electricity togo production (* 60e6 kwh) );; line 110889 (wfb::measurement-date electricity togo consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 110891 (wfb::electricity togo consumption_per_capita (* 83 kwh) );; line 110891 (wfb::industry togo phosphate_mining );; line 110895 (wfb::industry togo agricultural_processing );; line 110895 (wfb::industry togo cement );; line 110895 (wfb::industry togo handicrafts );; line 110895 (wfb::industry togo textiles );; line 110895 (wfb::industry togo beverages-industry );; line 110895 (wfb::agriculture togo "accounts for 49% of GDP; cash crops - coffee, cocoa, cotton; food crops - yams, cassava, corn, beans, rice, millet, sorghum; livestock production not significant; annual fish catch of 10,000-14,000 tons" );; line 110900 (wfb::illicit_drugs togo "increasingly used as transit hub by heroin traffickers" );; line 110906 (wfb::economic_aid togo recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-90), $142 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-90), $2 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $35 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $51 million" );; line 110911 (wfb::abbreviation cfa_franc "CFAF" );; line 110918 (wfb::currency togo cfa_franc 100 centimes );; line 110918 (wfb::exchange_rates togo "Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (CFAF) per US$1 - 529.43 (January 1995), 555.20 (1994), 283.16 (1993), 264.69 (1992), 282.11 (1991), 272.26 (1990)" );; line 110922 (wfb::comment exchange_rates togo "the official rate is pegged to the French franc, and beginning 12 January 1994, the CFA franc was devalued to CFAF 100 per French franc from CFAF 50 at which it had been fixed since 1948" );; line 110926 (wfb::fiscal_year togo date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 110932 (wfb::railroads togo total "532 km" );; line 110938 (wfb::railroads togo narrow_gauge "532 km 1.000-m gauge" );; line 110940 (wfb::highways togo total (* 6462 km) );; line 110945 (wfb::highways togo paved (* 1762 km) );; line 110947 (wfb::highways togo unimproved_earth (* 4700 km) );; line 110949 (wfb::inland_waterways togo "50 km Mono River" );; line 110953 (wfb::port togo kpeme-togo );; line 110957 (wfb::port togo lome-togo );; line 110957 (wfb::merchant_marine togo "none" );; line 110961 (wfb::airports togo total 9 );; line 110966 (wfb::airports togo |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 2 );; line 110968 (wfb::airports togo with_paved_runways_under_914_m 2 );; line 110970 (wfb::airports togo |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 5 );; line 110972 (wfb::telephone_system togo "NA telephones; fair system based on network of radio relay routes supplemented by open wire lines" );; line 110977 (wfb::telephone_system togo local "NA" );; line 110980 (wfb::telephone_system togo intercity "microwave radio relay and open wire lines" );; line 110982 (wfb::telephone_system togo international "1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT and 1 SYMPHONIE earth station" );; line 110984 (wfb::radio togo broadcast_stations am 2 );; line 110989 (wfb::radio togo broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 110989 (wfb::radio togo broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 110989 (wfb::radio togo radios n/a );; line 110991 (wfb::comment television togo broadcast_stations "relays 2" );; line 110996 (wfb::television togo broadcast_stations 3 );; line 110996 (wfb::television togo televisions n/a );; line 110998 (wfb::defense_branch togo army_togo );; line 111004 (wfb::defense_branch togo navy_togo );; line 111004 (wfb::defense_branch togo air_force_togo );; line 111004 (wfb::defense_branch togo gendarmerie_togo );; line 111004 (wfb::manpower_availability togo "males age 15-49 936,270; males fit for military service 491,578 (1995 est.)" );; line 111008 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures togo date_1993 );; line 111013 (wfb::defense_expenditures togo (* 48e6 $) );; line 111013 (wfb::defense_expenditures togo (* 2.9 %_of_gdp) );; line 111013 (wfb::markup-parameter figure tokelau "graphno=\"tl.tif\"" );; line 111019 (wfb::header tokelau "(territory of New Zealand)" );; line 111019 (wfb::location tokelau "Oceania, group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand" );; line 111023 (wfb::map_references tokelau "Oceania" );; line 111028 (wfb::area tokelau total_area (* 10 sq_km) );; line 111033 (wfb::area tokelau land_area (* 10 sq_km) );; line 111035 (wfb::area tokelau comparative_area "about 17 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC" );; line 111037 (wfb::coastline tokelau (* 101 km) );; line 111045 (wfb::maritime_claims tokelau exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 111050 (wfb::maritime_claims tokelau territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 111052 (wfb::international_disputes tokelau "none" );; line 111056 (wfb::climate tokelau "tropical" );; line 111060 (wfb::climate tokelau "moderated by trade winds (April to November)" );; line 111060 (wfb::terrain tokelau "coral atolls enclosing large lagoons" );; line 111064 (wfb::natural-resource tokelau negligible );; line 111068 (wfb::land_use tokelau arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 111073 (wfb::land_use tokelau permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 111075 (wfb::land_use tokelau meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 111077 (wfb::land_use tokelau forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 111079 (wfb::land_use tokelau other (* 100 %) );; line 111081 (wfb::irrigated_land tokelau (* n/a sq_km) );; line 111085 (wfb::environment tokelau current_issues "very limited natural resources and overcrowding are contributing to emigration to New Zealand" );; line 111090 (wfb::environment tokelau natural_hazards "lies in Pacific typhoon belt" );; line 111093 (wfb::environment tokelau international_agreements "NA" );; line 111095 (wfb::estimation-date population tokelau date_jul_1995 );; line 111101 (wfb::population tokelau 1503 );; line 111101 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate tokelau date_1995 );; line 111114 (wfb::population_growth_rate tokelau (* -1.3 %) );; line 111114 (wfb::birth_rate tokelau (* n/a |births/1,000 population|) );; line 111118 (wfb::death_rate tokelau (* n/a |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 111122 (wfb::net_migration_rate tokelau (* n/a |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 111126 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate tokelau (* n/a |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 111130 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth tokelau total_population (* n/a years) );; line 111135 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth tokelau male (* n/a years) );; line 111137 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth tokelau female (* n/a years) );; line 111139 (wfb::total_fertility_rate tokelau (* n/a children_born/woman) );; line 111143 (wfb::nationality tokelau noun "Tokelauan(s)" );; line 111148 (wfb::nationality tokelau adjective "Tokelauan" );; line 111150 (wfb::ethnic-entity tokelau polynesian n/a );; line 111154 (wfb::religion tokelau congregational_christian_church (* 70 %) );; line 111158 (wfb::religion tokelau roman_catholic (* 28 %) );; line 111158 (wfb::comment religions tokelau "on Atafu, all Congregational Christian Church of Samoa; on Nukunonu, all Roman Catholic; on Fakaofo, both denominations, with the Congregational Christian Church predominant" );; line 111161 (wfb::language tokelau tokelauan n/a );; line 111167 (wfb::comment language tokelau tokelauan "a Polynesian language" );; line 111167 (wfb::language tokelau english n/a );; line 111167 (wfb::total_labor_force tokelau n/a );; line 111171 (wfb::names tokelau conventional_short_form "Tokelau" );; line 111179 (wfb::digraph tokelau "TL" );; line 111183 (wfb::type tokelau "territory of New Zealand" );; line 111187 (wfb::comment independence tokelau "territory of New Zealand" );; line 111199 (wfb::comment national_holiday tokelau "Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand" );; line 111203 (wfb::national_holiday tokelau "Waitangi Day" date_6_feb );; line 111203 (wfb::constitution tokelau "administered under the Tokelau Islands Act of 1948, as amended in 1970" );; line 111208 (wfb::legal_system tokelau "British and local statutes" );; line 111213 (wfb::executive_branch tokelau chief_of_state "Queen ELIZABETH II " date_6_feb_1952 );; line 111222 (wfb::comment executive_branch tokelau head_of_government "Official Secretary Casimilo J. PEREZ (since NA), Office of Tokelau Affairs" );; line 111224 (wfb::comment executive_branch tokelau head_of_government "Tokelau's governing Council will elect its first head of government" );; line 111224 (wfb::legislative_structure tokelau unicameral "Council of Elders (Taupulega) on each atoll" );; line 111231 (wfb::judicial_branch tokelau "High Court in Niue, Supreme Court in New Zealand" );; line 111235 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders tokelau "NA" );; line 111239 (wfb::member_of tokelau spc );; line 111243 (wfb::member_of tokelau who );; line 111243 (wfb::comment member_of tokelau who "associate" );; line 111243 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us tokelau "none (territory of New Zealand)" );; line 111247 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation tokelau "none (territory of New Zealand)" );; line 111251 (wfb::flag tokelau "the flag of New Zealand is used" );; line 111255 (wfb::overview tokelau "Tokelau's small size, isolation, and lack of resources greatly restrain economic development and confine agriculture to the subsistence level. The people must rely on aid from New Zealand to maintain public services, annual aid being substantially greater than GDP. The principal sources of revenue come from sales of copra, postage stamps, souvenir coins, and handicrafts. Money is also remitted to families from relatives in New Zealand." );; line 111260 (wfb::estimation-date national_product tokelau date_1993 );; line 111269 (wfb::national_product tokelau (* 1.5e6 $) );; line 111269 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate tokelau (* n/a %) );; line 111273 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita tokelau date_1993 );; line 111277 (wfb::national_product_per_capita tokelau (* 1000 $) );; line 111277 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| tokelau "NA%" );; line 111281 (wfb::unemployment_rate tokelau (* n/a %) );; line 111285 (wfb::budget tokelau revenues (* 430830 $) );; line 111290 (wfb::estimation-date budget tokelau date_1987 );; line 111292 (wfb::budget tokelau expenditures (* 2.8e9 $) );; line 111292 (wfb::budget tokelau capital_expenditures (* 37300 $) );; line 111292 (wfb::exports tokelau (* 98000 $) );; line 111297 (wfb::exports tokelau commodities stamps n/a );; line 111299 (wfb::exports tokelau commodities copra n/a );; line 111299 (wfb::exports tokelau commodities handicrafts-commodity n/a );; line 111299 (wfb::imports tokelau (* 323400 $) );; line 111305 (wfb::imports tokelau commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 111307 (wfb::imports tokelau commodities building_materials n/a );; line 111307 (wfb::imports tokelau commodities fuel n/a );; line 111307 (wfb::external_debt tokelau (* 0 $) );; line 111313 (wfb::industrial_production tokelau growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 111317 (wfb::electricity tokelau capacity (* 200 kw) );; line 111322 (wfb::electricity tokelau production (* 300000 kwh) );; line 111324 (wfb::measurement-date electricity tokelau consumption_per_capita date_1990 );; line 111326 (wfb::electricity tokelau consumption_per_capita (* 180 kwh) );; line 111326 (wfb::industry tokelau small-scale_enterprises_for_copra_production );; line 111330 (wfb::industry tokelau wood_work );; line 111330 (wfb::industry tokelau plaited_craft_goods );; line 111330 (wfb::industry tokelau stamps-industry );; line 111330 (wfb::industry tokelau coins );; line 111330 (wfb::industry tokelau fishing-industry );; line 111330 (wfb::agriculture tokelau "coconuts, copra; basic subsistence crops - breadfruit, papaya, bananas; pigs, poultry, goats" );; line 111335 (wfb::economic_aid tokelau recipient "Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $24 million" );; line 111341 (wfb::abbreviation new_zealand_dollar "NZ$" );; line 111346 (wfb::currency tokelau new_zealand_dollar 100 cents );; line 111346 (wfb::exchange_rates tokelau "New Zealand dollars (NZ$) per US$1 - 1.5601 (January 1995), 1.6844 (1994), 1.8495 (1993), 1.8584 (1992), l.7265 (1991), 1.6750 (1990)" );; line 111350 (wfb::fiscal_year tokelau date_1_apr date_31_mar );; line 111355 (wfb::railroads tokelau "0 km" );; line 111360 (wfb::merchant_marine tokelau "none" );; line 111377 (wfb::telephone_system tokelau "NA telephones" );; line 111386 (wfb::telephone_system tokelau local "NA" );; line 111388 (wfb::telephone_system tokelau intercity "radiotelephone service between islands" );; line 111390 (wfb::telephone_system tokelau international "radiotelephone service to Western Samoa" );; line 111392 (wfb::radio tokelau radios n/a );; line 111399 (wfb::television tokelau broadcast_stations n/a );; line 111404 (wfb::television tokelau televisions n/a );; line 111406 (wfb::note tokelau "defense is the responsibility of New Zealand" );; line 111412 (wfb::markup-parameter figure tonga "graphno=\"tn.tif\"" );; line 111418 (wfb::location tonga "Oceania, archipelago in the South Pacific Ocean, about two-thirds of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand" );; line 111422 (wfb::map_references tonga "Oceania" );; line 111427 (wfb::area tonga total_area (* 748 sq_km) );; line 111432 (wfb::area tonga land_area (* 718 sq_km) );; line 111434 (wfb::area tonga comparative_area "slightly more than four times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 111436 (wfb::coastline tonga (* 419 km) );; line 111444 (wfb::maritime_claims tonga exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 111451 (wfb::maritime_claims tonga territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 111453 (wfb::international_disputes tonga "none" );; line 111457 (wfb::climate tonga "tropical" );; line 111461 (wfb::climate tonga "modified by trade winds" );; line 111461 (wfb::climate tonga "warm season (December to May), cool season (May to December)" );; line 111461 (wfb::terrain tonga "most islands have limestone base formed from uplifted coral formation" );; line 111466 (wfb::terrain tonga "others have limestone overlying volcanic base" );; line 111466 (wfb::natural-resource tonga fish );; line 111471 (wfb::natural-resource tonga fertile_soil );; line 111471 (wfb::land_use tonga arable_land (* 25 %) );; line 111476 (wfb::land_use tonga permanent_crops (* 55 %) );; line 111478 (wfb::land_use tonga meadows_and_pastures (* 6 %) );; line 111480 (wfb::land_use tonga forest_and_woodland (* 12 %) );; line 111482 (wfb::land_use tonga other (* 2 %) );; line 111484 (wfb::irrigated_land tonga (* n/a sq_km) );; line 111488 (wfb::environment tonga current_issues "deforestation results as more and more land is being cleared for agriculture and settlement" );; line 111493 (wfb::environment tonga current_issues "some damage to coral reefs from starfish and indiscriminate coral and shell collectors" );; line 111493 (wfb::environment tonga current_issues "overhunting threatens native sea turtle populations" );; line 111493 (wfb::environment tonga natural_hazards "cyclones (October to April)" );; line 111498 (wfb::environment tonga natural_hazards "earthquakes and volcanic activity on Fonuafo'ou" );; line 111498 (wfb::environment tonga international_agreements "party to - Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban" );; line 111501 (wfb::note tonga "archipelago of 170 islands (36 inhabited)" );; line 111505 (wfb::estimation-date population tonga date_jul_1995 );; line 111511 (wfb::population tonga 105600 );; line 111511 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate tonga date_1995 );; line 111524 (wfb::population_growth_rate tonga (* 0.78 %) );; line 111524 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate tonga date_1995 );; line 111528 (wfb::birth_rate tonga (* 24.37 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 111528 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate tonga date_1995 );; line 111532 (wfb::death_rate tonga (* 6.75 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 111532 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate tonga date_1995 );; line 111536 (wfb::net_migration_rate tonga (* -9.87 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 111536 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate tonga date_1995 );; line 111540 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate tonga (* 20.2 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 111540 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth tonga total_population (* 68.16 years) );; line 111545 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth tonga male (* 65.8 years) );; line 111547 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth tonga female date_1995 );; line 111549 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth tonga female (* 70.62 years) );; line 111549 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate tonga date_1995 );; line 111553 (wfb::total_fertility_rate tonga (* 3.56 children_born/woman) );; line 111553 (wfb::nationality tonga noun "Tongan(s)" );; line 111558 (wfb::nationality tonga adjective "Tongan" );; line 111560 (wfb::ethnic-entity tonga polynesian n/a );; line 111564 (wfb::ethnic-entity tonga europeans_about_300 n/a );; line 111564 (wfb::comment religions tonga "Free Wesleyan Church claims over 30,000 adherents" );; line 111568 (wfb::religion tonga christian n/a );; line 111568 (wfb::language tonga tongan-language-group n/a );; line 111572 (wfb::language tonga english n/a );; line 111572 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition tonga date_1976 );; line 111576 (wfb::literacy-condition tonga "age 15 and over can read and write simple message in Tongan or English" );; line 111576 (wfb::literacy tonga total_population (* 100 %) );; line 111579 (wfb::literacy tonga male (* 100 %) );; line 111581 (wfb::literacy tonga female (* 100 %) );; line 111583 (wfb::total_labor_force tonga n/a );; line 111587 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation tonga agriculture (* 70 %) );; line 111589 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation tonga mining-occupation-type n/a );; line 111589 (wfb::names tonga conventional_long_form "Kingdom of Tonga" );; line 111595 (wfb::names tonga conventional_short_form "Tonga" );; line 111597 (wfb::names tonga former "Friendly Islands" );; line 111599 (wfb::digraph tonga "TN" );; line 111603 (wfb::type tonga "hereditary constitutional monarchy" );; line 111607 (wfb::capital tonga |Nuku'alofa-tonga| );; line 111611 (wfb::comment independence tonga "emancipation from UK protectorate" );; line 111619 (wfb::independence tonga date_4_jun_1970 "n/a" );; line 111619 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1970 );; line 111623 (wfb::comment national_holiday tonga "1970" );; line 111623 (wfb::national_holiday tonga "Emancipation Day" date_4_jun );; line 111623 (wfb::constitution tonga "4 November 1875, revised 1 January 1967" );; line 111627 (wfb::legal_system tonga "based on English law" );; line 111631 (wfb::comment suffrage tonga " universal" );; line 111635 (wfb::suffrage tonga (* 21 years_of_age) );; line 111635 (wfb::executive_branch tonga chief_of_state "King Taufa'ahau TUPOU IV " date_16_dec_1965 );; line 111640 (wfb::comment executive_branch tonga head_of_government "Deputy Prime Minister S. Langi KAVALIKU (since 22 August 1991)" );; line 111642 (wfb::executive_branch tonga head_of_government "Prime Minister Baron VAEA " date_22_aug_1991 );; line 111642 (wfb::comment executive_branch tonga cabinet "appointed by the king" );; line 111645 (wfb::executive_branch tonga cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 111645 (wfb::executive_branch tonga privy_council "consists of the king and the cabinet" );; line 111647 (wfb::legislative_branch tonga "Legislative Assembly (Fale Alea)" "elections last held 3-4 February 1993 (next to be held NA February 1996); results - percent of vote NA; seats - (30 total, 9 elected) 6 proreform, 3 traditionalist" );; line 111655 (wfb::judicial_branch tonga "Supreme Court" );; line 111661 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders tonga "Tonga People's Party, Viliami FUKOFUKA" );; line 111665 (wfb::member_of tonga acp );; line 111669 (wfb::member_of tonga asdb );; line 111669 (wfb::member_of tonga c );; line 111669 (wfb::member_of tonga escap );; line 111669 (wfb::member_of tonga fao );; line 111669 (wfb::member_of tonga g-77 );; line 111669 (wfb::member_of tonga ibrd );; line 111669 (wfb::member_of tonga icao );; line 111669 (wfb::member_of tonga icftu );; line 111669 (wfb::member_of tonga icrm );; line 111669 (wfb::member_of tonga ida );; line 111669 (wfb::member_of tonga ifad );; line 111669 (wfb::member_of tonga ifc );; line 111669 (wfb::member_of tonga ifrcs );; line 111669 (wfb::member_of tonga imf );; line 111669 (wfb::member_of tonga intelsat );; line 111669 (wfb::comment member_of tonga intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 111669 (wfb::member_of tonga interpol );; line 111669 (wfb::member_of tonga ioc );; line 111669 (wfb::member_of tonga itu );; line 111669 (wfb::member_of tonga sparteca );; line 111669 (wfb::member_of tonga spc );; line 111669 (wfb::member_of tonga spf );; line 111669 (wfb::member_of tonga unctad );; line 111669 (wfb::member_of tonga unesco );; line 111669 (wfb::member_of tonga unido );; line 111669 (wfb::member_of tonga upu );; line 111669 (wfb::member_of tonga who );; line 111669 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us tonga "Ambassador Sione KITE, resides in London" );; line 111675 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us tonga |consulate(s) general| "San Francisco" );; line 111677 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation tonga "the US has no offices in Tonga; the ambassador to Fiji is accredited to Tonga" );; line 111681 (wfb::flag tonga "red with a bold red cross on a white rectangle in the upper hoist-side corner" );; line 111686 (wfb::overview tonga "The economy's base is agriculture, which employs about 70% of the labor force and contributes 40% to GDP. Squash, coconuts, bananas, and vanilla beans are the main crops, and agricultural exports make up two-thirds of total exports. The country must import a high proportion of its food, mainly from New Zealand. The manufacturing sector accounts for only 11% of GDP. Tourism is the primary source of hard currency earnings, but the country also remains dependent on sizable external aid and remittances to offset its trade deficit. The economy continued to grow in 1993-94 largely because of a rise in squash exports, increased aid flows, and several large construction projects. The government is now turning its attention to further development of the private sector and the reduction of the budget deficit." );; line 111692 (wfb::estimation-date national_product tonga date_1994 );; line 111706 (wfb::national_product tonga (* 214e6 $) );; line 111706 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate tonga date_1994 );; line 111710 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate tonga (* 5 %) );; line 111710 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita tonga date_1994 );; line 111714 (wfb::national_product_per_capita tonga (* 2050 $) );; line 111714 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| tonga "3% (1993)" );; line 111718 (wfb::unemployment_rate tonga (* n/a %) );; line 111722 (wfb::budget tonga revenues (* 36.4e6 $) );; line 111727 (wfb::estimation-date budget tonga date_1991 );; line 111729 (wfb::budget tonga expenditures (* 68.1e6 $) );; line 111729 (wfb::budget tonga capital_expenditures (* 33.2e6 $) );; line 111729 (wfb::exports tonga (* 11.3e6 $) );; line 111734 (wfb::exports tonga commodities squash n/a );; line 111736 (wfb::exports tonga commodities vanilla n/a );; line 111736 (wfb::exports tonga commodities fish-commodity n/a );; line 111736 (wfb::exports tonga commodities root_crops n/a );; line 111736 (wfb::exports tonga commodities coconut_oil-commodity n/a );; line 111736 (wfb::for-fiscal-year exports tonga 90 );; line 111738 (wfb::exports tonga partners japan (* 34 %) );; line 111738 (wfb::exports tonga partners us (* 17 %) );; line 111738 (wfb::exports tonga partners australia (* 13 %) );; line 111738 (wfb::exports tonga partners nz (* 13 %) );; line 111738 (wfb::imports tonga (* 56e6 $) );; line 111742 (wfb::imports tonga commodities food_products n/a );; line 111744 (wfb::imports tonga commodities machinery_and_transport_equipment n/a );; line 111744 (wfb::imports tonga commodities manufactures n/a );; line 111744 (wfb::imports tonga commodities fuels n/a );; line 111744 (wfb::imports tonga commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 111744 (wfb::for-fiscal-year imports tonga 90 );; line 111747 (wfb::imports tonga partners nz (* 33 %) );; line 111747 (wfb::imports tonga partners australia (* 22 %) );; line 111747 (wfb::imports tonga partners us (* 8 %) );; line 111747 (wfb::imports tonga partners japan (* 8 %) );; line 111747 (wfb::for-fiscal-year external_debt tonga 90 );; line 111751 (wfb::external_debt tonga (* 47.5e6 $) );; line 111751 (wfb::for-fiscal-year industrial_production 91 );; line 111755 (wfb::for-fiscal-year industrial_production tonga 91 );; line 111755 (wfb::industrial_production tonga growth_rate (* 1.5 %) );; line 111755 (wfb::industrial_production tonga accounts_for (* 11 %_of_gdp) );; line 111755 (wfb::electricity tonga capacity (* 6000 kw) );; line 111760 (wfb::electricity tonga production (* 30e6 kwh) );; line 111762 (wfb::measurement-date electricity tonga consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 111764 (wfb::electricity tonga consumption_per_capita (* 231 kwh) );; line 111764 (wfb::industry tonga tourism );; line 111768 (wfb::industry tonga fishing-industry );; line 111768 (wfb::agriculture tonga "accounts for 40% of GDP; dominated by coconut, copra, and banana production; vanilla beans, cocoa, coffee, ginger, black pepper" );; line 111772 (wfb::economic_aid tonga recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $16 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $258 million" );; line 111778 (wfb::abbreviation |pa'anga| "T$" );; line 111783 (wfb::currency tonga |pa'anga| 100 seniti );; line 111783 (wfb::exchange_rates tonga "pa'anga (T$) per US$1 - 1.2653 (January 1995), 1.3202 (1994), 1.3841 (1993), 1.3471 (1992), 1.2961 (1991), 1.2800 (1990)" );; line 111787 (wfb::fiscal_year tonga date_1_jul date_30_jun );; line 111792 (wfb::railroads tonga "0 km" );; line 111797 (wfb::highways tonga total (* 366 km) );; line 111802 (wfb::comment highways tonga paved "198 km on Tongatapu; 74 km on Vava'u" );; line 111804 (wfb::comment highways tonga unpaved "usable only in dry weather" );; line 111806 (wfb::port tonga neiafu-tonga );; line 111810 (wfb::port tonga |Nuku'alofa-tonga| );; line 111810 (wfb::port tonga pangai-tonga );; line 111810 (wfb::merchant_marine tonga total "2 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 5,440 GRT/8,984 DWT" );; line 111815 (wfb::merchant_marine tonga ships_by_type "cargo 1, roll-on/roll-off cargo 1" );; line 111817 (wfb::airports tonga total 6 );; line 111822 (wfb::airports tonga |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 111824 (wfb::airports tonga with_paved_runways_under_914_m 2 );; line 111826 (wfb::airports tonga |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 1 );; line 111828 (wfb::airports tonga |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 2 );; line 111830 (wfb::telephone_system tonga "3,529 telephones" );; line 111835 (wfb::telephone_system tonga local "NA" );; line 111837 (wfb::telephone_system tonga intercity "NA" );; line 111839 (wfb::telephone_system tonga international "1 INTELSAT (Pacific Ocean) earth station" );; line 111841 (wfb::radio tonga broadcast_stations am 1 );; line 111846 (wfb::radio tonga broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 111846 (wfb::radio tonga broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 111846 (wfb::radio tonga radios 66000 );; line 111848 (wfb::television tonga broadcast_stations 0 );; line 111853 (wfb::television tonga televisions n/a );; line 111855 (wfb::defense_branch tonga tonga_defense_services_tonga );; line 111861 (wfb::defense_branch tonga maritime_division_tonga );; line 111861 (wfb::defense_branch tonga royal_tongan_marines_tonga );; line 111861 (wfb::defense_branch tonga tongan_royal_guards_tonga );; line 111861 (wfb::defense_branch tonga police_tonga );; line 111861 (wfb::markup-parameter figure trinidad_and_tobago "graphno=\"td.tif\"" );; line 111872 (wfb::location trinidad_and_tobago "Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, northeast of Venezuela" );; line 111876 (wfb::map_references trinidad_and_tobago "Central America and the Caribbean" );; line 111881 (wfb::area trinidad_and_tobago total_area (* 5130 sq_km) );; line 111886 (wfb::area trinidad_and_tobago land_area (* 5130 sq_km) );; line 111888 (wfb::area trinidad_and_tobago comparative_area "slightly smaller than Delaware" );; line 111890 (wfb::coastline trinidad_and_tobago (* 362 km) );; line 111898 (wfb::maritime_claims trinidad_and_tobago contiguous_zone (* 24 nm) );; line 111903 (wfb::maritime_claims trinidad_and_tobago exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 111907 (wfb::maritime_claims trinidad_and_tobago territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 111909 (wfb::international_disputes trinidad_and_tobago "none" );; line 111913 (wfb::climate trinidad_and_tobago "tropical" );; line 111917 (wfb::climate trinidad_and_tobago "rainy season (June to December)" );; line 111917 (wfb::terrain trinidad_and_tobago "mostly plains with some hills and low mountains" );; line 111921 (wfb::natural-resource trinidad_and_tobago petroleum );; line 111925 (wfb::natural-resource trinidad_and_tobago natural_gas );; line 111925 (wfb::natural-resource trinidad_and_tobago asphalt-natural-resource );; line 111925 (wfb::land_use trinidad_and_tobago arable_land (* 14 %) );; line 111930 (wfb::land_use trinidad_and_tobago permanent_crops (* 17 %) );; line 111932 (wfb::land_use trinidad_and_tobago meadows_and_pastures (* 2 %) );; line 111934 (wfb::land_use trinidad_and_tobago forest_and_woodland (* 44 %) );; line 111936 (wfb::land_use trinidad_and_tobago other (* 23 %) );; line 111938 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land trinidad_and_tobago date_1989 );; line 111942 (wfb::irrigated_land trinidad_and_tobago (* 220 sq_km) );; line 111942 (wfb::environment trinidad_and_tobago current_issues "water pollution from agricultural chemicals, industrial wastes, and raw sewage" );; line 111947 (wfb::environment trinidad_and_tobago current_issues "oil pollution of beaches" );; line 111947 (wfb::environment trinidad_and_tobago current_issues "deforestation" );; line 111947 (wfb::environment trinidad_and_tobago current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 111947 (wfb::environment trinidad_and_tobago natural_hazards "outside usual path of hurricanes and other tropical storms" );; line 111950 (wfb::environment trinidad_and_tobago international_agreements "party to - Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands" );; line 111952 (wfb::environment trinidad_and_tobago international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity" );; line 111952 (wfb::estimation-date population trinidad_and_tobago date_jul_1995 );; line 111960 (wfb::population trinidad_and_tobago 1271159 );; line 111960 (wfb::age_structure trinidad_and_tobago 0-14_years (* 31 %) );; line 111965 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex trinidad_and_tobago 0-14_years female 191627 );; line 111965 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex trinidad_and_tobago 0-14_years male 198225 );; line 111965 (wfb::age_structure trinidad_and_tobago 15-64_years (* 64 %) );; line 111967 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex trinidad_and_tobago 15-64_years female 399726 );; line 111967 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex trinidad_and_tobago 15-64_years male 407495 );; line 111967 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure trinidad_and_tobago 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 111969 (wfb::age_structure trinidad_and_tobago 65_years_and_over (* 5 %) );; line 111969 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex trinidad_and_tobago 65_years_and_over female 40577 );; line 111969 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex trinidad_and_tobago 65_years_and_over male 33509 );; line 111969 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate trinidad_and_tobago date_1995 );; line 111973 (wfb::population_growth_rate trinidad_and_tobago (* 0.12 %) );; line 111973 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate trinidad_and_tobago date_1995 );; line 111977 (wfb::birth_rate trinidad_and_tobago (* 16.62 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 111977 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate trinidad_and_tobago date_1995 );; line 111981 (wfb::death_rate trinidad_and_tobago (* 6.88 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 111981 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate trinidad_and_tobago date_1995 );; line 111985 (wfb::net_migration_rate trinidad_and_tobago (* -8.59 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 111985 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate trinidad_and_tobago date_1995 );; line 111989 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate trinidad_and_tobago (* 18.5 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 111989 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth trinidad_and_tobago total_population (* 70.14 years) );; line 111994 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth trinidad_and_tobago male (* 67.75 years) );; line 111996 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth trinidad_and_tobago female date_1995 );; line 111998 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth trinidad_and_tobago female (* 72.6 years) );; line 111998 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate trinidad_and_tobago date_1995 );; line 112002 (wfb::total_fertility_rate trinidad_and_tobago (* 2.01 children_born/woman) );; line 112002 (wfb::nationality trinidad_and_tobago noun "Trinidadian(s), Tobagonian(s)" );; line 112007 (wfb::nationality trinidad_and_tobago adjective "Trinidadian, Tobagonian" );; line 112009 (wfb::ethnic-entity trinidad_and_tobago black (* 43 %) );; line 112013 (wfb::religion trinidad_and_tobago roman_catholic (* 32.2 %) );; line 112018 (wfb::religion trinidad_and_tobago hindu (* 24.3 %) );; line 112018 (wfb::religion trinidad_and_tobago anglican (* 14.4 %) );; line 112018 (wfb::religion trinidad_and_tobago muslim (* 6 %) );; line 112018 (wfb::language trinidad_and_tobago english n/a );; line 112023 (wfb::comment language trinidad_and_tobago english "official" );; line 112023 (wfb::language trinidad_and_tobago hindi n/a );; line 112023 (wfb::language trinidad_and_tobago french n/a );; line 112023 (wfb::language trinidad_and_tobago spanish-language-group n/a );; line 112023 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition trinidad_and_tobago date_1990 );; line 112027 (wfb::literacy-condition trinidad_and_tobago "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 112027 (wfb::literacy trinidad_and_tobago total_population (* 97 %) );; line 112029 (wfb::literacy trinidad_and_tobago male (* 98 %) );; line 112031 (wfb::literacy trinidad_and_tobago female (* 96 %) );; line 112033 (wfb::total_labor_force trinidad_and_tobago 463900 );; line 112037 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force trinidad_and_tobago by_occupation date_1985 );; line 112039 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1985 );; line 112039 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation trinidad_and_tobago construction_and_utilities (* 18.1 %) );; line 112039 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation trinidad_and_tobago manufacturing n/a );; line 112039 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation trinidad_and_tobago mining-occupation-type n/a );; line 112039 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation trinidad_and_tobago quarrying (* 14.8 %) );; line 112039 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation trinidad_and_tobago agriculture (* 10.9 %) );; line 112039 (wfb::names trinidad_and_tobago conventional_long_form "Republic of Trinidad and Tobago" );; line 112046 (wfb::names trinidad_and_tobago conventional_short_form "Trinidad and Tobago" );; line 112048 (wfb::digraph trinidad_and_tobago "TD" );; line 112052 (wfb::type trinidad_and_tobago "parliamentary democracy" );; line 112056 (wfb::capital trinidad_and_tobago port-of-spain-trinidad_and_tobago );; line 112060 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_trinidad_and_tobago_counties "counties" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 112064 (wfb::administrative_divisions trinidad_and_tobago adm_div_trinidad_and_tobago_counties 8 );; line 112064 (wfb::administrative_division |adm_div_trinidad_and_tobago_municipalities,| "municipalities," "n/a" "n/a" );; line 112064 (wfb::administrative_divisions trinidad_and_tobago |adm_div_trinidad_and_tobago_municipalities,| 3 );; line 112064 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_trinidad_and_tobago_ward "ward" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 112064 (wfb::administrative_divisions trinidad_and_tobago adm_div_trinidad_and_tobago_ward 1 );; line 112064 (wfb::administrative_division_of trinidad_and_tobago |adm_div_trinidad_and_tobago_municipalities,| "Arima" );; line 112064 (wfb::administrative_division_of trinidad_and_tobago adm_div_trinidad_and_tobago_counties "Caroni" );; line 112064 (wfb::administrative_division_of trinidad_and_tobago adm_div_trinidad_and_tobago_counties "Mayaro" );; line 112064 (wfb::administrative_division_of trinidad_and_tobago adm_div_trinidad_and_tobago_counties "Nariva" );; line 112064 (wfb::administrative_division_of trinidad_and_tobago |adm_div_trinidad_and_tobago_municipalities,| "Port-of-Spain" );; line 112064 (wfb::administrative_division_of trinidad_and_tobago adm_div_trinidad_and_tobago_counties "Saint Andrew" );; line 112064 (wfb::administrative_division_of trinidad_and_tobago adm_div_trinidad_and_tobago_counties "Saint David" );; line 112064 (wfb::administrative_division_of trinidad_and_tobago adm_div_trinidad_and_tobago_counties "Saint George" );; line 112064 (wfb::administrative_division_of trinidad_and_tobago adm_div_trinidad_and_tobago_counties "Saint Patrick" );; line 112064 (wfb::administrative_division_of trinidad_and_tobago |adm_div_trinidad_and_tobago_municipalities,| "San Fernando" );; line 112064 (wfb::administrative_division_of trinidad_and_tobago adm_div_trinidad_and_tobago_ward "Tobago" );; line 112064 (wfb::administrative_division_of trinidad_and_tobago adm_div_trinidad_and_tobago_counties "Victoria" );; line 112064 (wfb::independence trinidad_and_tobago date_31_aug_1962 "UK" );; line 112070 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1962 );; line 112074 (wfb::comment national_holiday trinidad_and_tobago "1962" );; line 112074 (wfb::national_holiday trinidad_and_tobago "Independence Day" date_31_aug );; line 112074 (wfb::constitution trinidad_and_tobago "1 August 1976" );; line 112078 (wfb::legal_system trinidad_and_tobago "based on English common law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 112082 (wfb::comment suffrage trinidad_and_tobago " universal" );; line 112087 (wfb::suffrage trinidad_and_tobago (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 112087 (wfb::executive_branch trinidad_and_tobago chief_of_state "President Noor Mohammed HASSANALI " date_18_mar_1987 );; line 112092 (wfb::executive_branch trinidad_and_tobago head_of_government "Prime Minister Patrick Augustus Mervyn MANNING " date_17_dec_1991 );; line 112094 (wfb::comment executive_branch trinidad_and_tobago cabinet "responsible to parliament" );; line 112097 (wfb::executive_branch trinidad_and_tobago cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 112097 (wfb::legislative_structure trinidad_and_tobago bicameral "Parliament" );; line 112101 (wfb::legislative_branch trinidad_and_tobago "Senate" "consists of a 31-member body appointed by the president" );; line 112103 (wfb::legislative_branch trinidad_and_tobago "House of Representatives" "elections last held 16 December 1991 (next to be held by December 1996); results - PNM 32%, UNC 13%, NAR 2%; seats - (36 total) PNM 21, UNC 13, NAR 2" );; line 112105 (wfb::judicial_branch trinidad_and_tobago "Court of Appeal, Supreme Court" );; line 112111 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders trinidad_and_tobago "People's National Movement (PNM), Patrick MANNING; United National Congress (UNC), Basdeo PANDAY; National Alliance for Reconstruction (NAR), Selby WILSON; Movement for Social Transformation (MOTION), David ABDULLAH; National Joint Action Committee (NJAC), Makandal DAAGA; Republican Party, Nello MITCHELL; National Development Party (NDP), Carson CHARLES; Movement for Unity and Progress (MUP), Hulsie BHAGGAN" );; line 112115 (wfb::member_of trinidad_and_tobago acp );; line 112124 (wfb::member_of trinidad_and_tobago c );; line 112124 (wfb::member_of trinidad_and_tobago caricom );; line 112124 (wfb::member_of trinidad_and_tobago ccc );; line 112124 (wfb::member_of trinidad_and_tobago cdb );; line 112124 (wfb::member_of trinidad_and_tobago eclac );; line 112124 (wfb::member_of trinidad_and_tobago fao );; line 112124 (wfb::member_of trinidad_and_tobago g-24 );; line 112124 (wfb::member_of trinidad_and_tobago g-77 );; line 112124 (wfb::member_of trinidad_and_tobago gatt );; line 112124 (wfb::member_of trinidad_and_tobago iadb );; line 112124 (wfb::member_of trinidad_and_tobago ibrd );; line 112124 (wfb::member_of trinidad_and_tobago icao );; line 112124 (wfb::member_of trinidad_and_tobago icftu );; line 112124 (wfb::member_of trinidad_and_tobago icrm );; line 112124 (wfb::member_of trinidad_and_tobago ida );; line 112124 (wfb::member_of trinidad_and_tobago ifad );; line 112124 (wfb::member_of trinidad_and_tobago ifc );; line 112124 (wfb::member_of trinidad_and_tobago ifrcs );; line 112124 (wfb::member_of trinidad_and_tobago ilo );; line 112124 (wfb::member_of trinidad_and_tobago imf );; line 112124 (wfb::member_of trinidad_and_tobago imo );; line 112124 (wfb::member_of trinidad_and_tobago intelsat );; line 112124 (wfb::member_of trinidad_and_tobago interpol );; line 112124 (wfb::member_of trinidad_and_tobago ioc );; line 112124 (wfb::member_of trinidad_and_tobago iso );; line 112124 (wfb::member_of trinidad_and_tobago itu );; line 112124 (wfb::member_of trinidad_and_tobago laes );; line 112124 (wfb::member_of trinidad_and_tobago nam );; line 112124 (wfb::member_of trinidad_and_tobago oas );; line 112124 (wfb::member_of trinidad_and_tobago opanal );; line 112124 (wfb::member_of trinidad_and_tobago un );; line 112124 (wfb::member_of trinidad_and_tobago unctad );; line 112124 (wfb::member_of trinidad_and_tobago unesco );; line 112124 (wfb::member_of trinidad_and_tobago unido );; line 112124 (wfb::member_of trinidad_and_tobago unu );; line 112124 (wfb::member_of trinidad_and_tobago upu );; line 112124 (wfb::member_of trinidad_and_tobago wftu );; line 112124 (wfb::member_of trinidad_and_tobago who );; line 112124 (wfb::member_of trinidad_and_tobago wipo );; line 112124 (wfb::member_of trinidad_and_tobago wmo );; line 112124 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us trinidad_and_tobago chief_of_mission "Ambassador Corinne Averille McKNIGHT" );; line 112132 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us trinidad_and_tobago chancery "1708 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036" );; line 112134 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us trinidad_and_tobago telephone "[1] (202) 467-6490" );; line 112136 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us trinidad_and_tobago fax "[1] (202) 785-3130" );; line 112138 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us trinidad_and_tobago |consulate(s) general| "New York" );; line 112140 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation trinidad_and_tobago chief_of_mission "Ambassador Brian DONNELLY (since September 1994)" );; line 112145 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation trinidad_and_tobago embassy "15 Queen's Park West, Port-of-Spain" );; line 112147 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation trinidad_and_tobago mailing_address "P. O. Box 752, Port-of-Spain" );; line 112149 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation trinidad_and_tobago telephone "[1] (809) 622-6372 through 6376, 6176" );; line 112151 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation trinidad_and_tobago fax "[1] (809) 628-5462" );; line 112153 (wfb::flag trinidad_and_tobago "red with a white-edged black diagonal band from the upper hoist side" );; line 112157 (wfb::overview trinidad_and_tobago "Trinidad and Tobago's petroleum-based economy still enjoys a high per capita income by Latin American standards, even though output and living standards are substantially below the boom years of 1973-82. The country suffers from widespread unemployment, large foreign-debt payments, and periods of low international oil prices. The government has begun to make progress in its efforts to diversify exports and to liberalize its trade regime, making 1994 the first year of substantial growth since the early 1980s." );; line 112163 (wfb::estimation-date national_product trinidad_and_tobago date_1994 );; line 112173 (wfb::national_product trinidad_and_tobago (* 15e9 $) );; line 112173 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate trinidad_and_tobago date_1994 );; line 112177 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate trinidad_and_tobago (* 3 %) );; line 112177 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita trinidad_and_tobago date_1994 );; line 112181 (wfb::national_product_per_capita trinidad_and_tobago (* 11280 $) );; line 112181 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| trinidad_and_tobago "10.1% (1994 est.)" );; line 112185 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate trinidad_and_tobago date_1994 );; line 112189 (wfb::unemployment_rate trinidad_and_tobago (* 18.1 %) );; line 112189 (wfb::budget trinidad_and_tobago revenues (* 1.6e9 $) );; line 112194 (wfb::estimation-date budget trinidad_and_tobago date_1993 );; line 112196 (wfb::budget trinidad_and_tobago expenditures (* 1.6e9 $) );; line 112196 (wfb::budget trinidad_and_tobago capital_expenditures (* 158e6 $) );; line 112196 (wfb::exports trinidad_and_tobago (* 1.9e9 $) );; line 112201 (wfb::exports trinidad_and_tobago commodities petroleum_and_petroleum_products n/a );; line 112203 (wfb::exports trinidad_and_tobago commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 112203 (wfb::exports trinidad_and_tobago commodities steel_products n/a );; line 112203 (wfb::exports trinidad_and_tobago commodities fertilizer-commodity n/a );; line 112203 (wfb::exports trinidad_and_tobago commodities sugar-commodity n/a );; line 112203 (wfb::exports trinidad_and_tobago commodities cocoa n/a );; line 112203 (wfb::exports trinidad_and_tobago commodities coffee n/a );; line 112203 (wfb::exports trinidad_and_tobago commodities citrus n/a );; line 112203 (wfb::exports trinidad_and_tobago commodities flowers n/a );; line 112203 (wfb::measurement-date exports trinidad_and_tobago date_1993 );; line 112206 (wfb::exports trinidad_and_tobago partners us (* 44 %) );; line 112206 (wfb::exports trinidad_and_tobago partners caricom-georef (* 15 %) );; line 112206 (wfb::exports trinidad_and_tobago partners latin_america (* 9 %) );; line 112206 (wfb::exports trinidad_and_tobago partners ec (* 5 %) );; line 112206 (wfb::imports trinidad_and_tobago (* 996e6 $) );; line 112210 (wfb::imports trinidad_and_tobago commodities machinery n/a );; line 112212 (wfb::imports trinidad_and_tobago commodities transportation_equipment n/a );; line 112212 (wfb::imports trinidad_and_tobago commodities manufactured_goods n/a );; line 112212 (wfb::imports trinidad_and_tobago commodities food n/a );; line 112212 (wfb::imports trinidad_and_tobago commodities live_animals n/a );; line 112212 (wfb::measurement-date imports trinidad_and_tobago date_1993 );; line 112215 (wfb::imports trinidad_and_tobago partners us (* 43 %) );; line 112215 (wfb::imports trinidad_and_tobago partners venezuela (* 10 %) );; line 112215 (wfb::imports trinidad_and_tobago partners uk (* 8 %) );; line 112215 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt trinidad_and_tobago date_1994 );; line 112219 (wfb::external_debt trinidad_and_tobago (* 2e9 $) );; line 112219 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 112223 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production trinidad_and_tobago date_1994 );; line 112223 (wfb::industrial_production trinidad_and_tobago growth_rate (* 1 %) );; line 112223 (wfb::industrial_production trinidad_and_tobago accounts_for (* 39 %_of_gdp) );; line 112223 (wfb::electricity trinidad_and_tobago capacity (* 1150000 kw) );; line 112229 (wfb::electricity trinidad_and_tobago production (* 3.9e9 kwh) );; line 112231 (wfb::measurement-date electricity trinidad_and_tobago consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 112233 (wfb::electricity trinidad_and_tobago consumption_per_capita (* 2740 kwh) );; line 112233 (wfb::industry trinidad_and_tobago petroleum-industry );; line 112237 (wfb::industry trinidad_and_tobago chemicals );; line 112237 (wfb::industry trinidad_and_tobago tourism );; line 112237 (wfb::industry trinidad_and_tobago food_processing );; line 112237 (wfb::industry trinidad_and_tobago cement );; line 112237 (wfb::industry trinidad_and_tobago beverage );; line 112237 (wfb::industry trinidad_and_tobago cotton_textiles );; line 112237 (wfb::agriculture trinidad_and_tobago "accounts for 3% of GDP; major crops - cocoa, sugarcane; sugarcane acreage is being shifted into rice, citrus, coffee, vegetables; poultry sector most important source of animal protein; must import large share of food needs" );; line 112242 (wfb::illicit_drugs trinidad_and_tobago "transshipment point for South American drugs destined for the US and Europe and producer of cannabis" );; line 112249 (wfb::economic_aid trinidad_and_tobago recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $373 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $518 million" );; line 112255 (wfb::abbreviation trinidad_and_tobago_dollar "TT$" );; line 112260 (wfb::currency trinidad_and_tobago trinidad_and_tobago_dollar 100 cents );; line 112260 (wfb::exchange_rates trinidad_and_tobago "Trinidad and Tobago dollars (TT$) per US$1 - 5.8758 (January 1995), 5.9160 (1994), 5.3511 (1993), 4.2500 (fixed rate 1989-1992); note - effective 13 April 1993, the exchange rate of the TT dollar is market-determined as opposed to the prior fixed relationship to the US dollar" );; line 112264 (wfb::fiscal_year trinidad_and_tobago date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 112271 (wfb::comment railroads trinidad_and_tobago "minimal agricultural railroad system near San Fernando" );; line 112277 (wfb::highways trinidad_and_tobago total (* 8000 km) );; line 112282 (wfb::highways trinidad_and_tobago paved (* 4000 km) );; line 112284 (wfb::highways trinidad_and_tobago improved_earth (* 1000 km) );; line 112286 (wfb::highways trinidad_and_tobago unimproved_earth (* 3000 km) );; line 112286 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 1032 km) );; line 112290 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 19 km) );; line 112290 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 904 km) );; line 112290 (wfb::port trinidad_and_tobago pointe-a-pierre-trinidad_and_tobago );; line 112294 (wfb::port trinidad_and_tobago point_fortin-trinidad_and_tobago );; line 112294 (wfb::port trinidad_and_tobago point_lisas-trinidad_and_tobago );; line 112294 (wfb::port trinidad_and_tobago port-of-spain-trinidad_and_tobago );; line 112294 (wfb::port trinidad_and_tobago scarborough-trinidad_and_tobago );; line 112294 (wfb::port trinidad_and_tobago tembladora-trinidad_and_tobago );; line 112294 (wfb::merchant_marine trinidad_and_tobago total "2 cargo ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 12,507 GRT/21,923 DWT" );; line 112300 (wfb::airports trinidad_and_tobago total 6 );; line 112305 (wfb::airports trinidad_and_tobago |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 112307 (wfb::airports trinidad_and_tobago |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 112309 (wfb::airports trinidad_and_tobago |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 1 );; line 112311 (wfb::airports trinidad_and_tobago with_paved_runways_under_914_m 2 );; line 112313 (wfb::airports trinidad_and_tobago |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 112315 (wfb::telephone_system trinidad_and_tobago "109,000 telephones; excellent international service via tropospheric scatter links to Barbados and Guyana; good local service" );; line 112320 (wfb::telephone_system trinidad_and_tobago local "NA" );; line 112323 (wfb::telephone_system trinidad_and_tobago intercity "NA" );; line 112325 (wfb::telephone_system trinidad_and_tobago international "1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station; linked to Barbados and Guyana by tropospheric scatter system" );; line 112327 (wfb::radio trinidad_and_tobago broadcast_stations am 2 );; line 112333 (wfb::radio trinidad_and_tobago broadcast_stations fm 4 );; line 112333 (wfb::radio trinidad_and_tobago broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 112333 (wfb::radio trinidad_and_tobago radios n/a );; line 112335 (wfb::television trinidad_and_tobago broadcast_stations 5 );; line 112340 (wfb::television trinidad_and_tobago televisions n/a );; line 112342 (wfb::comment defense_branch trinidad_and_tobago trinidad_and_tobago_defense_force_trinidad_and_tobago "includes Ground Forces, Coast Guard, and Air Wing" );; line 112348 (wfb::defense_branch trinidad_and_tobago trinidad_and_tobago_defense_force_trinidad_and_tobago );; line 112348 (wfb::defense_branch trinidad_and_tobago trinidad_and_tobago_police_service_trinidad_and_tobago );; line 112348 (wfb::manpower_availability trinidad_and_tobago "males age 15-49 347,841; males fit for military service 249,904 (1995 est.)" );; line 112353 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures trinidad_and_tobago date_1994 );; line 112358 (wfb::defense_expenditures trinidad_and_tobago (* 83e6 $) );; line 112358 (wfb::defense_expenditures trinidad_and_tobago (* 1.5 %_of_gdp) );; line 112358 (wfb::markup-parameter figure tromelin_island "graphno=\"te.tif\"" );; line 112364 (wfb::header tromelin_island "(possession of France)" );; line 112364 (wfb::location tromelin_island "Southern Africa, island in the Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar" );; line 112368 (wfb::map_references tromelin_island "Africa" );; line 112372 (wfb::area tromelin_island total_area (* 1 sq_km) );; line 112377 (wfb::area tromelin_island land_area (* 1 sq_km) );; line 112379 (wfb::area tromelin_island comparative_area "about 1.7 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC" );; line 112381 (wfb::coastline tromelin_island (* 3.7 km) );; line 112389 (wfb::maritime_claims tromelin_island contiguous_zone (* 12 nm) );; line 112394 (wfb::maritime_claims tromelin_island exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 112398 (wfb::maritime_claims tromelin_island territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 112400 (wfb::international_disputes tromelin_island "claimed by Madagascar, Mauritius, and Seychelles" );; line 112404 (wfb::climate tromelin_island "tropical" );; line 112408 (wfb::terrain tromelin_island "sandy" );; line 112412 (wfb::natural-resource tromelin_island fish );; line 112416 (wfb::land_use tromelin_island arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 112421 (wfb::land_use tromelin_island permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 112423 (wfb::land_use tromelin_island meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 112425 (wfb::land_use tromelin_island forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 112427 (wfb::comment land_use tromelin_island other "scattered bushes" );; line 112429 (wfb::land_use tromelin_island other (* 100 %) );; line 112429 (wfb::irrigated_land tromelin_island (* 0 sq_km) );; line 112433 (wfb::environment tromelin_island current_issues "NA" );; line 112438 (wfb::environment tromelin_island natural_hazards "NA" );; line 112440 (wfb::environment tromelin_island international_agreements "NA" );; line 112442 (wfb::note tromelin_island "climatologically important location for forecasting cyclones; wildlife sanctuary" );; line 112446 (wfb::names tromelin_island conventional_short_form "Tromelin Island" );; line 112461 (wfb::names tromelin_island local_short_form "Ile Tromelin" );; line 112465 (wfb::digraph tromelin_island "TE" );; line 112469 (wfb::type tromelin_island "French possession administered by Commissioner of the Republic, resident in Reunion" );; line 112473 (wfb::comment independence tromelin_island "possession of France" );; line 112482 (wfb::overview tromelin_island "no economic activity" );; line 112487 (wfb::airports tromelin_island total 1 );; line 112497 (wfb::airports tromelin_island with_paved_runways_under_914_m 1 );; line 112499 (wfb::note tromelin_island "important meteorological station" );; line 112504 (wfb::note tromelin_island "defense is the responsibility of France" );; line 112510 (wfb::markup-parameter figure tunisia "graphno=\"ts.tif\"" );; line 112516 (wfb::location tunisia "Northern Africa, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Algeria and Libya" );; line 112520 (wfb::map_references tunisia "Africa" );; line 112525 (wfb::area tunisia total_area (* 163610 sq_km) );; line 112530 (wfb::area tunisia land_area (* 155360 sq_km) );; line 112532 (wfb::area tunisia comparative_area "slightly larger than Georgia" );; line 112534 (wfb::borders tunisia total (* 1424 km) );; line 112538 (wfb::borders tunisia algeria (* 965 km) );; line 112538 (wfb::borders tunisia libya (* 459 km) );; line 112538 (wfb::coastline tunisia (* 1148 km) );; line 112542 (wfb::maritime_claims tunisia contiguous_zone (* 24 nm) );; line 112547 (wfb::maritime_claims tunisia territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 112549 (wfb::international_disputes tunisia "maritime boundary dispute with Libya" );; line 112553 (wfb::international_disputes tunisia "land boundary dispute with Algeria settled in 1993" );; line 112553 (wfb::international_disputes tunisia "Malta and Tunisia are discussing the commercial exploitation of the continental shelf between their countries, particularly for oil exploration" );; line 112553 (wfb::climate tunisia "temperate in north with mild, rainy winters and hot, dry summers" );; line 112560 (wfb::climate tunisia "desert in south" );; line 112560 (wfb::terrain tunisia "mountains in north" );; line 112565 (wfb::terrain tunisia "hot, dry central plain" );; line 112565 (wfb::terrain tunisia "semiarid south merges into the Sahara" );; line 112565 (wfb::natural-resource tunisia petroleum );; line 112570 (wfb::natural-resource tunisia phosphates );; line 112570 (wfb::natural-resource tunisia iron_ore );; line 112570 (wfb::natural-resource tunisia lead );; line 112570 (wfb::natural-resource tunisia zinc );; line 112570 (wfb::natural-resource tunisia salt );; line 112570 (wfb::land_use tunisia arable_land (* 20 %) );; line 112575 (wfb::land_use tunisia permanent_crops (* 10 %) );; line 112577 (wfb::land_use tunisia meadows_and_pastures (* 19 %) );; line 112579 (wfb::land_use tunisia forest_and_woodland (* 4 %) );; line 112581 (wfb::land_use tunisia other (* 47 %) );; line 112583 (wfb::measurement-date irrigated_land tunisia date_1989 );; line 112587 (wfb::irrigated_land tunisia (* 2750 sq_km) );; line 112587 (wfb::environment tunisia current_issues "toxic and hazardous waste disposal is ineffective and presents human health risks" );; line 112592 (wfb::environment tunisia current_issues "water pollution from raw sewage" );; line 112592 (wfb::environment tunisia current_issues "limited natural fresh water resources" );; line 112592 (wfb::environment tunisia current_issues "deforestation" );; line 112592 (wfb::environment tunisia current_issues "overgrazing" );; line 112592 (wfb::environment tunisia current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 112592 (wfb::environment tunisia current_issues "desertification" );; line 112592 (wfb::environment tunisia natural_hazards "NA" );; line 112596 (wfb::environment tunisia international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands" );; line 112598 (wfb::environment tunisia international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Desertification, Marine Life Conservation" );; line 112598 (wfb::note tunisia "strategic location in central Mediterranean" );; line 112605 (wfb::estimation-date population tunisia date_jul_1995 );; line 112611 (wfb::population tunisia 8879845 );; line 112611 (wfb::age_structure tunisia 0-14_years (* 35 %) );; line 112616 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex tunisia 0-14_years female 1507866 );; line 112616 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex tunisia 0-14_years male 1563411 );; line 112616 (wfb::age_structure tunisia 15-64_years (* 60 %) );; line 112618 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex tunisia 15-64_years female 2665586 );; line 112618 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex tunisia 15-64_years male 2672712 );; line 112618 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure tunisia 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 112620 (wfb::age_structure tunisia 65_years_and_over (* 5 %) );; line 112620 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex tunisia 65_years_and_over female 226201 );; line 112620 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex tunisia 65_years_and_over male 244069 );; line 112620 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate tunisia date_1995 );; line 112624 (wfb::population_growth_rate tunisia (* 1.69 %) );; line 112624 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate tunisia date_1995 );; line 112628 (wfb::birth_rate tunisia (* 22.52 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 112628 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate tunisia date_1995 );; line 112632 (wfb::death_rate tunisia (* 4.86 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 112632 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate tunisia date_1995 );; line 112636 (wfb::net_migration_rate tunisia (* -0.74 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 112636 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate tunisia date_1995 );; line 112640 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate tunisia (* 32.3 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 112640 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth tunisia total_population (* 73.25 years) );; line 112645 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth tunisia male (* 71.16 years) );; line 112647 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth tunisia female date_1995 );; line 112649 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth tunisia female (* 75.44 years) );; line 112649 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate tunisia date_1995 );; line 112653 (wfb::total_fertility_rate tunisia (* 2.73 children_born/woman) );; line 112653 (wfb::nationality tunisia noun "Tunisian(s)" );; line 112658 (wfb::nationality tunisia adjective "Tunisian" );; line 112660 (wfb::ethnic-entity tunisia arab-berber (* 98 %) );; line 112664 (wfb::ethnic-entity tunisia european (* 1 %) );; line 112664 (wfb::ethnic-entity tunisia jewish_less_than (* 1 %) );; line 112664 (wfb::religion tunisia muslim (* 98 %) );; line 112668 (wfb::religion tunisia christian (* 1 %) );; line 112668 (wfb::religion tunisia jewish (* 1 %) );; line 112668 (wfb::language tunisia arabic n/a );; line 112672 (wfb::comment language tunisia arabic "official and one of the languages of commerce" );; line 112672 (wfb::language tunisia french n/a );; line 112672 (wfb::comment language tunisia french "commerce" );; line 112672 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition tunisia date_1989 );; line 112677 (wfb::literacy-condition tunisia "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 112677 (wfb::literacy tunisia total_population (* 57 %) );; line 112679 (wfb::literacy tunisia male (* 69 %) );; line 112681 (wfb::literacy tunisia female (* 45 %) );; line 112683 (wfb::total_labor_force tunisia 2.25e6 );; line 112687 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation tunisia agriculture (* 32 %) );; line 112689 (wfb::comment labor_force tunisia "shortage of skilled labor" );; line 112691 (wfb::names tunisia conventional_long_form "Republic of Tunisia" );; line 112697 (wfb::names tunisia conventional_short_form "Tunisia" );; line 112699 (wfb::names tunisia local_long_form "Al Jumhuriyah at Tunisiyah" );; line 112701 (wfb::names tunisia local_short_form "Tunis" );; line 112703 (wfb::digraph tunisia "TS" );; line 112707 (wfb::type tunisia "republic" );; line 112711 (wfb::capital tunisia tunis-tunisia );; line 112715 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_tunisia_governorates "governorates" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 112719 (wfb::administrative_divisions tunisia adm_div_tunisia_governorates 23 );; line 112719 (wfb::administrative_division_of tunisia adm_div_tunisia_governorates "Beja" );; line 112719 (wfb::administrative_division_of tunisia adm_div_tunisia_governorates "Ben Arous" );; line 112719 (wfb::administrative_division_of tunisia adm_div_tunisia_governorates "Bizerte" );; line 112719 (wfb::administrative_division_of tunisia adm_div_tunisia_governorates "Gabes" );; line 112719 (wfb::administrative_division_of tunisia adm_div_tunisia_governorates "Gafsa" );; line 112719 (wfb::administrative_division_of tunisia adm_div_tunisia_governorates "Jendouba" );; line 112719 (wfb::administrative_division_of tunisia adm_div_tunisia_governorates "Kairouan" );; line 112719 (wfb::administrative_division_of tunisia adm_div_tunisia_governorates "Kasserine" );; line 112719 (wfb::administrative_division_of tunisia adm_div_tunisia_governorates "Kebili" );; line 112719 (wfb::administrative_division_of tunisia adm_div_tunisia_governorates "L'Ariana" );; line 112719 (wfb::administrative_division_of tunisia adm_div_tunisia_governorates "Le Kef" );; line 112719 (wfb::administrative_division_of tunisia adm_div_tunisia_governorates "Mahdia" );; line 112719 (wfb::administrative_division_of tunisia adm_div_tunisia_governorates "Medenine" );; line 112719 (wfb::administrative_division_of tunisia adm_div_tunisia_governorates "Monastir" );; line 112719 (wfb::administrative_division_of tunisia adm_div_tunisia_governorates "Nabeul" );; line 112719 (wfb::administrative_division_of tunisia adm_div_tunisia_governorates "Sfax" );; line 112719 (wfb::administrative_division_of tunisia adm_div_tunisia_governorates "Sidi Bou Zid" );; line 112719 (wfb::administrative_division_of tunisia adm_div_tunisia_governorates "Siliana" );; line 112719 (wfb::administrative_division_of tunisia adm_div_tunisia_governorates "Sousse" );; line 112719 (wfb::administrative_division_of tunisia adm_div_tunisia_governorates "Tataouine" );; line 112719 (wfb::administrative_division_of tunisia adm_div_tunisia_governorates "Tozeur" );; line 112719 (wfb::administrative_division_of tunisia adm_div_tunisia_governorates "Tunis" );; line 112719 (wfb::administrative_division_of tunisia adm_div_tunisia_governorates "Zaghouan" );; line 112719 (wfb::independence tunisia date_20_mar_1956 "France" );; line 112726 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1956 );; line 112730 (wfb::comment national_holiday tunisia "1956" );; line 112730 (wfb::national_holiday tunisia "National Day" date_20_mar );; line 112730 (wfb::constitution tunisia "1 June 1959; amended 12 July 1988" );; line 112734 (wfb::legal_system tunisia "based on French civil law system and Islamic law; some judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court in joint session" );; line 112738 (wfb::comment suffrage tunisia " universal" );; line 112743 (wfb::suffrage tunisia (* 20 years_of_age) );; line 112743 (wfb::comment executive_branch tunisia chief_of_state "election last held 20 March 1994 (next to be held NA 1999)" );; line 112748 (wfb::comment executive_branch tunisia chief_of_state "results - President Zine el Abidine BEN ALI was reelected without opposition" );; line 112748 (wfb::executive_branch tunisia chief_of_state "President Zine el Abidine BEN ALI " date_7_nov_1987 );; line 112748 (wfb::executive_branch tunisia head_of_government "Prime Minister Hamed KAROUI " date_26_sep_1989 );; line 112752 (wfb::comment executive_branch tunisia cabinet "appointed by the president" );; line 112754 (wfb::executive_branch tunisia cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 112754 (wfb::legislative_structure tunisia unicameral n/a );; line 112758 (wfb::legislative_branch tunisia "Chamber of Deputies (Majlis al-Nuwaab)" "elections last held 20 March 1994 (next to be held NA 1999); results - RCD 97.7%, MDS 1.0%, others 1.3%; seats - (163 total) RCD 144, MDS 10, others 9; note - the government changed the electoral code to guarantee that the opposition won seats" );; line 112760 (wfb::judicial_branch tunisia "Court of Cassation (Cour de Cassation)" );; line 112767 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders tunisia "Constitutional Democratic Rally Party (RCD), President BEN ALI (official ruling party); Movement of Democratic Socialists (MDS), Mohammed MOUAADA; five other political parties are legal, including the Communist Party" );; line 112771 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups tunisia "the Islamic fundamentalist party, An Nahda (Rebirth), is outlawed" );; line 112777 (wfb::member_of tunisia abeda );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia acct );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia afdb );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia afesd );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia al );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia amf );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia amu );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia ccc );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia eca );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia fao );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia g-77 );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia gatt );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia iaea );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia ibrd );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia icao );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia icc );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia icftu );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia icrm );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia ida );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia idb );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia ifad );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia ifc );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia ifrcs );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia ilo );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia imf );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia imo );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia inmarsat );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia intelsat );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia interpol );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia ioc );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia iso );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia itu );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia minurso );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia nam );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia oapec );; line 112781 (wfb::comment member_of tunisia oapec "withdrew from active membership in 1986" );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia oas );; line 112781 (wfb::comment member_of tunisia oas "observer" );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia oau );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia oic );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia un );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia unamir );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia unctad );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia unesco );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia unhcr );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia unido );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia unitar );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia unmih );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia unprofor );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia upu );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia who );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia wipo );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia wmo );; line 112781 (wfb::member_of tunisia wto );; line 112781 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us tunisia chief_of_mission "Ambassador Mohamed Azzouz ENNAIFER" );; line 112791 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us tunisia chancery "1515 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20005" );; line 112793 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us tunisia telephone "[1] (202) 862-1850" );; line 112795 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation tunisia chief_of_mission "Ambassador Mary Ann CASEY" );; line 112800 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation tunisia embassy "144 Avenue de la Liberte, 1002 Tunis-Belvedere" );; line 112802 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation tunisia mailing_address "use embassy street address" );; line 112804 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation tunisia telephone "[216] (1) 782-566" );; line 112806 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation tunisia fax "[216] (1) 789-719" );; line 112808 (wfb::flag tunisia "red with a white disk in the center bearing a red crescent nearly encircling a red five-pointed star; the crescent and star are traditional symbols of Islam" );; line 112812 (wfb::overview tunisia "Tunisia has a diverse economy, with important agricultural, mining, energy, tourism, and manufacturing sectors. Detailed governmental control of economic affairs has gradually lessened over the past decade, including increasing privatization of trade and commerce, simplification of the tax structure, and a cautious approach to debt. Real growth has averaged roughly 5% in 1991-94, and inflation has been moderate. Growth in tourism and IMF support have been key elements in this solid record. Further privatization and further improvements in government administrative efficiency are among the challenges for the future." );; line 112819 (wfb::estimation-date national_product tunisia date_1994 );; line 112831 (wfb::national_product tunisia (* 37.1e9 $) );; line 112831 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate tunisia date_1994 );; line 112835 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate tunisia (* 4.4 %) );; line 112835 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita tunisia date_1994 );; line 112839 (wfb::national_product_per_capita tunisia (* 4250 $) );; line 112839 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| tunisia "4.5% (1993 est.)" );; line 112843 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate tunisia date_1993 );; line 112847 (wfb::unemployment_rate tunisia (* 16.2 %) );; line 112847 (wfb::budget tunisia revenues (* 4.3e9 $) );; line 112852 (wfb::estimation-date budget tunisia date_1993 );; line 112854 (wfb::budget tunisia expenditures (* 5.5e9 $) );; line 112854 (wfb::exports tunisia (* 4.6e9 $) );; line 112858 (wfb::exports tunisia commodities hydrocarbons n/a );; line 112860 (wfb::exports tunisia commodities agricultural_products n/a );; line 112860 (wfb::exports tunisia commodities phosphates_and_chemicals n/a );; line 112860 (wfb::exports tunisia partners ec_countries (* 75 %) );; line 112862 (wfb::exports tunisia partners middle_east (* 10 %) );; line 112862 (wfb::exports tunisia partners algeria (* 2 %) );; line 112862 (wfb::exports tunisia partners india (* 2 %) );; line 112862 (wfb::exports tunisia partners us (* 1 %) );; line 112862 (wfb::imports tunisia (* 6.5e9 $) );; line 112866 (wfb::imports tunisia commodities industrial_goods_and_equipment (* 57 %) );; line 112868 (wfb::imports tunisia commodities hydrocarbons (* 13 %) );; line 112868 (wfb::imports tunisia commodities food (* 12 %) );; line 112868 (wfb::imports tunisia commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 112868 (wfb::imports tunisia partners ec_countries (* 70 %) );; line 112871 (wfb::imports tunisia partners us (* 5 %) );; line 112871 (wfb::imports tunisia partners middle_east (* 2 %) );; line 112871 (wfb::imports tunisia partners japan (* 2 %) );; line 112871 (wfb::imports tunisia partners switzerland (* 1 %) );; line 112871 (wfb::imports tunisia partners algeria (* 1 %) );; line 112871 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt tunisia date_1993 );; line 112876 (wfb::external_debt tunisia (* 7.7e9 $) );; line 112876 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1989 );; line 112880 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production tunisia date_1989 );; line 112880 (wfb::industrial_production tunisia growth_rate (* 5 %) );; line 112880 (wfb::industrial_production tunisia accounts_for (* 22 %_of_gdp) );; line 112880 (wfb::electricity tunisia capacity (* 1410000 kw) );; line 112886 (wfb::electricity tunisia production (* 5.4e9 kwh) );; line 112888 (wfb::measurement-date electricity tunisia consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 112890 (wfb::electricity tunisia consumption_per_capita (* 595 kwh) );; line 112890 (wfb::industry tunisia petroleum-industry );; line 112894 (wfb::industry tunisia |mining (particularly phosphate and iron ore)| );; line 112894 (wfb::industry tunisia tourism );; line 112894 (wfb::industry tunisia textiles );; line 112894 (wfb::industry tunisia footwear-industry );; line 112894 (wfb::industry tunisia food-industry );; line 112894 (wfb::industry tunisia beverages-industry );; line 112894 (wfb::agriculture tunisia "accounts for 16% of GDP and one-third of labor force; output subject to severe fluctuations because of frequent droughts; export crops - olives, dates, oranges, almonds; other products - grain, sugar beets, wine grapes, poultry, beef, dairy; not self-sufficient in food" );; line 112899 (wfb::economic_aid tunisia recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $730 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89) $52 million; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $684 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $410 million" );; line 112907 (wfb::abbreviation tunisian_dinar "TD" );; line 112914 (wfb::currency tunisia tunisian_dinar 1000 millimes );; line 112914 (wfb::exchange_rates tunisia "Tunisian dinars (TD) per US$1 - 0.9849 (January 1995), 1.0116 (1994), 1.0037 (1993), 0.8844 (1992), 0.9246 (1991), 0.8783 (1990)" );; line 112918 (wfb::fiscal_year tunisia date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 112923 (wfb::railroads tunisia total "2,260 km" );; line 112929 (wfb::railroads tunisia standard_gauge "492 km 1.435-m gauge" );; line 112931 (wfb::railroads tunisia narrow_gauge "1,758 km 1.000-m gauge" );; line 112933 (wfb::railroads tunisia dual_gauge "10 km 1.000-m and 1.435-m gauges" );; line 112935 (wfb::highways tunisia total (* 29183 km) );; line 112940 (wfb::highways tunisia bituminous (* 17510 km) );; line 112942 (wfb::highways tunisia (union improved unimproved_earth ) (* 11673 km) );; line 112944 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 797 km) );; line 112948 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 86 km) );; line 112948 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 742 km) );; line 112948 (wfb::port tunisia bizerte-tunisia );; line 112952 (wfb::port tunisia gabes-tunisia );; line 112952 (wfb::port tunisia la_goulette-tunisia );; line 112952 (wfb::port tunisia sfax-tunisia );; line 112952 (wfb::port tunisia sousse-tunisia );; line 112952 (wfb::port tunisia tunis-tunisia );; line 112952 (wfb::port tunisia zarzis-tunisia );; line 112952 (wfb::merchant_marine tunisia total "19 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 129,035 GRT/168,032 DWT" );; line 112957 (wfb::merchant_marine tunisia ships_by_type "bulk 6, cargo 5, chemical tanker 4, oil tanker 1, roll-on/roll-off cargo 2, short-sea passenger 1" );; line 112959 (wfb::airports tunisia total 31 );; line 112965 (wfb::airports tunisia |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 3 );; line 112967 (wfb::airports tunisia |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 6 );; line 112969 (wfb::airports tunisia |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 2 );; line 112971 (wfb::airports tunisia |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 3 );; line 112973 (wfb::airports tunisia with_paved_runways_under_914_m 8 );; line 112975 (wfb::airports tunisia |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 2 );; line 112977 (wfb::airports tunisia |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 7 );; line 112979 (wfb::telephone_system tunisia "233,000 telephones; 28 telephones/1,000 persons; the system is above the African average; key centers are Sfax, Sousse, Bizerte, and Tunis" );; line 112984 (wfb::telephone_system tunisia local "NA" );; line 112987 (wfb::telephone_system tunisia intercity "facilities consist of open-wire lines, coaxial cable, and microwave radio relay" );; line 112989 (wfb::telephone_system tunisia international "5 submarine cables; 1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) and 1 ARABSAT earth station with back-up control station; coaxial cable and microwave radio relay to Algeria and Libya" );; line 112992 (wfb::radio tunisia broadcast_stations am 7 );; line 112999 (wfb::radio tunisia broadcast_stations fm 8 );; line 112999 (wfb::radio tunisia broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 112999 (wfb::radio tunisia radios n/a );; line 113001 (wfb::television tunisia broadcast_stations 19 );; line 113006 (wfb::television tunisia televisions n/a );; line 113008 (wfb::defense_branch tunisia army_tunisia );; line 113014 (wfb::defense_branch tunisia navy_tunisia );; line 113014 (wfb::defense_branch tunisia air_force_tunisia );; line 113014 (wfb::defense_branch tunisia paramilitary_forces_tunisia );; line 113014 (wfb::defense_branch tunisia national_guard_tunisia );; line 113014 (wfb::manpower_availability tunisia "males age 15-49 2,294,912; males fit for military service 1,317,642; males reach military age (20) annually 93,601 (1995 est.)" );; line 113018 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures tunisia date_1994 );; line 113023 (wfb::defense_expenditures tunisia (* 549e6 $) );; line 113023 (wfb::defense_expenditures tunisia (* 3 %_of_gdp) );; line 113023 (wfb::markup-parameter figure turkey "graphno=\"tu.tif\"" );; line 113029 (wfb::location turkey "Southwestern Asia (that part west of the Bosporus is sometimes included with Europe), bordering the Black Sea, between Bulgaria and Georgia, and bordering the Aegean Sea and the Mediterranean Sea, between Greece and Syria" );; line 113033 (wfb::map_references turkey "Middle East" );; line 113040 (wfb::area turkey total_area (* 780580 sq_km) );; line 113045 (wfb::area turkey land_area (* 770760 sq_km) );; line 113047 (wfb::area turkey comparative_area "slightly larger than Texas" );; line 113049 (wfb::borders turkey total (* 2627 km) );; line 113053 (wfb::borders turkey armenia (* 268 km) );; line 113053 (wfb::borders turkey azerbaijan (* 9 km) );; line 113053 (wfb::borders turkey bulgaria (* 240 km) );; line 113053 (wfb::borders turkey georgia (* 252 km) );; line 113053 (wfb::borders turkey greece (* 206 km) );; line 113053 (wfb::borders turkey iran (* 499 km) );; line 113053 (wfb::borders turkey iraq (* 331 km) );; line 113053 (wfb::borders turkey syria (* 822 km) );; line 113053 (wfb::coastline turkey (* 7200 km) );; line 113058 (wfb::international_disputes turkey "complex maritime, air and territorial disputes with Greece in Aegean Sea" );; line 113071 (wfb::international_disputes turkey "Cyprus question" );; line 113071 (wfb::international_disputes turkey "Hatay question with Syria" );; line 113071 (wfb::international_disputes turkey "ongoing dispute with downstream riparians (Syria and Iraq) over water development plans for the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers" );; line 113071 (wfb::climate turkey "temperate" );; line 113078 (wfb::climate turkey "hot, dry summers with mild, wet winters" );; line 113078 (wfb::climate turkey "harsher in interior" );; line 113078 (wfb::terrain turkey "mostly mountains" );; line 113083 (wfb::terrain turkey "narrow coastal plain" );; line 113083 (wfb::terrain turkey "high central plateau (Anatolia)" );; line 113083 (wfb::natural-resource turkey antimony );; line 113088 (wfb::natural-resource turkey coal );; line 113088 (wfb::natural-resource turkey chromium );; line 113088 (wfb::natural-resource turkey mercury );; line 113088 (wfb::natural-resource turkey copper );; line 113088 (wfb::natural-resource turkey borate );; line 113088 (wfb::natural-resource turkey sulphur );; line 113088 (wfb::natural-resource turkey iron_ore );; line 113088 (wfb::land_use turkey arable_land (* 30 %) );; line 113094 (wfb::land_use turkey permanent_crops (* 4 %) );; line 113096 (wfb::land_use turkey meadows_and_pastures (* 12 %) );; line 113098 (wfb::land_use turkey forest_and_woodland (* 26 %) );; line 113100 (wfb::land_use turkey other (* 28 %) );; line 113102 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land turkey date_1989 );; line 113106 (wfb::irrigated_land turkey (* 22200 sq_km) );; line 113106 (wfb::environment turkey current_issues "water pollution from dumping of chemicals and detergents" );; line 113111 (wfb::environment turkey current_issues "air pollution, particularly in urban areas" );; line 113111 (wfb::environment turkey current_issues "deforestation" );; line 113111 (wfb::environment turkey natural_hazards "very severe earthquakes, especially in northern Turkey, along an arc extending from the Sea of Marmara to Lake Van" );; line 113114 (wfb::environment turkey international_agreements "party to - Air Pollution, Hazardous Wastes, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands" );; line 113117 (wfb::environment turkey international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Desertification, Environmental Modification" );; line 113117 (wfb::note turkey "strategic location controlling the Turkish Straits (Bosporus, Sea of Marmara, Dardanelles) that link Black and Aegean Seas" );; line 113123 (wfb::estimation-date population turkey date_jul_1995 );; line 113130 (wfb::population turkey 63405526 );; line 113130 (wfb::age_structure turkey 0-14_years (* 35 %) );; line 113135 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex turkey 0-14_years female 10815288 );; line 113135 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex turkey 0-14_years male 11203723 );; line 113135 (wfb::age_structure turkey 15-64_years (* 60 %) );; line 113137 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex turkey 15-64_years female 18723772 );; line 113137 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex turkey 15-64_years male 19391037 );; line 113137 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure turkey 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 113139 (wfb::age_structure turkey 65_years_and_over (* 5 %) );; line 113139 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex turkey 65_years_and_over female 1764363 );; line 113139 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex turkey 65_years_and_over male 1507343 );; line 113139 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate turkey date_1995 );; line 113143 (wfb::population_growth_rate turkey (* 1.97 %) );; line 113143 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate turkey date_1995 );; line 113147 (wfb::birth_rate turkey (* 25.33 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 113147 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate turkey date_1995 );; line 113151 (wfb::death_rate turkey (* 5.64 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 113151 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate turkey date_1995 );; line 113155 (wfb::net_migration_rate turkey (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 113155 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate turkey date_1995 );; line 113159 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate turkey (* 45.6 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 113159 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth turkey total_population (* 71.48 years) );; line 113164 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth turkey male (* 69.11 years) );; line 113166 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth turkey female date_1995 );; line 113168 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth turkey female (* 73.96 years) );; line 113168 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate turkey date_1995 );; line 113172 (wfb::total_fertility_rate turkey (* 3.12 children_born/woman) );; line 113172 (wfb::nationality turkey noun "Turk(s)" );; line 113177 (wfb::nationality turkey adjective "Turkish" );; line 113179 (wfb::ethnic-entity turkey turkish-ethnic-entity (* 80 %) );; line 113183 (wfb::ethnic-entity turkey kurdish-ethnic-entity (* 20 %) );; line 113183 (wfb::comment religions turkey "Christian and Jews" );; line 113187 (wfb::comment religion "mostly Sunni" );; line 113187 (wfb::religion turkey muslim (* 99.8 %) );; line 113187 (wfb::language turkey turkish n/a );; line 113191 (wfb::comment language turkey turkish "official" );; line 113191 (wfb::language turkey kurdish n/a );; line 113191 (wfb::language turkey arabic n/a );; line 113191 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition turkey date_1990 );; line 113195 (wfb::literacy-condition turkey "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 113195 (wfb::literacy turkey total_population (* 79 %) );; line 113197 (wfb::literacy turkey male (* 90 %) );; line 113199 (wfb::literacy turkey female (* 68 %) );; line 113201 (wfb::total_labor_force turkey 20.4e6 );; line 113205 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation turkey agriculture (* 44 %) );; line 113207 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation turkey services (* 41 %) );; line 113207 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation turkey industry (* 15 %) );; line 113207 (wfb::comment labor_force turkey "between 1.5 million and 1.8 million Turks work abroad (1994)" );; line 113209 (wfb::names turkey conventional_long_form "Republic of Turkey" );; line 113215 (wfb::names turkey conventional_short_form "Turkey" );; line 113217 (wfb::names turkey local_long_form "Turkiye Cumhuriyeti" );; line 113219 (wfb::names turkey local_short_form "Turkiye" );; line 113221 (wfb::digraph turkey "TU" );; line 113225 (wfb::type turkey "republican parliamentary democracy" );; line 113229 (wfb::capital turkey ankara-turkey );; line 113233 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_turkey_provinces "provinces" "iller" "il" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_divisions turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces 73 );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Adana" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Adiyaman" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Afyon" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Agri" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Aksaray" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Amasya" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Ankara" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Antalya" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Artvin" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Aydin" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Balikesir" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Batman" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Bayburt" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Bilecik" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Bingol" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Bitlis" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Bolu" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Burdur" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Bursa" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Canakkale" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Cankiri" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Corum" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Denizli" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Diyarbakir" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Edirne" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Elazig" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Erzincan" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Erzurum" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Eskisehir" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Gazi Antep" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Giresun" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Gumushane" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Hakkari" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Hatay" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Icel" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Isparta" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Istanbul" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Izmir" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Kahraman Maras" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Karaman" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Kars" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Kastamonu" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Kayseri" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Kirikkale" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Kirklareli" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Kirsehir" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Kocaeli" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Konya" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Kutahya" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Malatya" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Manisa" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Mardin" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Mugla" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Mus" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Nevsehir" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Nigde" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Ordu" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Rize" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Sakarya" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Samsun" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Sanli Urfa" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Siirt" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Sinop" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Sirnak" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Sivas" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Tekirdag" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Tokat" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Trabzon" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Tunceli" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Usak" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Van" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Yozgat" );; line 113237 (wfb::administrative_division_of turkey adm_div_turkey_provinces "Zonguldak" );; line 113237 (wfb::comment independence turkey "successor state to the Ottoman Empire" );; line 113249 (wfb::independence turkey date_29_oct_1923 "n/a" );; line 113249 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1923 );; line 113253 (wfb::comment national_holiday turkey "1923" );; line 113253 (wfb::national_holiday turkey "Anniversary of the Declaration of the Republic" date_29_oct );; line 113253 (wfb::constitution turkey "7 November 1982" );; line 113258 (wfb::legal_system turkey "derived from various continental legal systems; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations" );; line 113262 (wfb::comment suffrage turkey " universal" );; line 113267 (wfb::suffrage turkey (* 21 years_of_age) );; line 113267 (wfb::executive_branch turkey chief_of_state "President Suleyman DEMIREL " date_16_may_1993 );; line 113272 (wfb::comment executive_branch turkey head_of_government "Deputy Prime Minister Hikmet CETIN (since 27 March 1995)" );; line 113274 (wfb::executive_branch turkey head_of_government "Prime Minister Tansu CILLER " date_5_jul_1993 );; line 113274 (wfb::executive_branch turkey national_security_council "advisory body to the President and the Cabinet" );; line 113277 (wfb::comment executive_branch turkey cabinet "appointed by the president on nomination of the prime minister" );; line 113279 (wfb::executive_branch turkey cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 113279 (wfb::legislative_structure turkey unicameral n/a );; line 113284 (wfb::legislative_branch turkey "Grand National Assembly of Turkey" "(Turkiye Buyuk Millet Meclisi) elections last held 20 October 1991 (next to be held NA October 1996); results - DYP 27.03%, ANAP 24.01%, SHP 20.75%, RP 16.88%, DSP 10.75%, SBP 0.44%, independent 0.14%; seats - (450 total) DYP 178, ANAP 115, SHP 86, RP 40, MCP 19, DSP 7, other 5" );; line 113286 (wfb::comment legislative_branch turkey "seats held by various parties are subject to change due to defections, creation of new parties, and ouster or death of sitting deputies; present seats by party are as follows: DYP 183, ANAP 97, RP 38, CHP 65, MHP 17, BBP 7, DSP 10, YP 3, MP 2, independents 6, vacant 22" );; line 113291 (wfb::judicial_branch turkey "Court of Cassation" );; line 113298 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders turkey "True Path Party (DYP), Tansu CILLER; Motherland Party (ANAP), Mesut YILMAZ; Welfare Party (RP), Necmettin ERBAKAN; Democratic Left Party (DSP), Bulent ECEVIT; Nationalist Action Party (MHP - members also regroup under the name of National Labor Party or MCP), Alparslan TURKES; Socialist Unity Party (SBP), Sadun AREN; New Party (YP), Yusuf Bozkurt OZAL; Republican People's Party (CHP), Hikmet CETIN; note - Social Democrat Populist Party (SHP) has merged with CHP; Workers Party (IP), Dogu PERINCEK; Nation Party (MP), Aykut EDIBALI; Democrat Party (DP), Aydin MENDERES; Grand Unity Party (BBP), Muhsin YAZICIOGLU; Rebirth Party (YDP), Hasan Celal GUZEL; People's Democracy Party (HADEP), Murat BOZLAK; Main Path Party (ANAYOL), Gurcan BASER; Democratic Target Party (DHP), Abdulkadir Yasar TURK; Liberal Party (LP), Besim TIBUK; New Democracy Movement (YDH), Cem BOYNER; Democracy and Change Party (DDP), Ibrahim AKSOY" );; line 113302 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups turkey "Turkish Confederation of Labor (TURK-IS), Bayram MERAL; Confederation of Revolutionary Workers Unions (DISK), Ridvan BUDAK; Moral Rights Workers Union (HAK-IS), Negati CECIK; Turkish Industrialists' and Businessmen's Association (TUSIAD), Halis KOMILI; Turkish Union of Chambers of Commerce and Commodity Exchanges (TOBB), Yalim EREZ; Turkish Confederation of Employers' Unions (TISK), Refik BAYDUR" );; line 113318 (wfb::member_of turkey asdb );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey bis );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey bsec );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey ccc );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey ce );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey cern );; line 113327 (wfb::comment member_of turkey cern "observer" );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey ebrd );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey ece );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey eco );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey fao );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey gatt );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey iaea );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey ibrd );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey icao );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey icc );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey icftu );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey icrm );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey ida );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey idb );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey iea );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey ifad );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey ifc );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey ifrcs );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey ilo );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey imf );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey imo );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey inmarsat );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey intelsat );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey interpol );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey ioc );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey iom );; line 113327 (wfb::comment member_of turkey iom "observer" );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey iso );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey itu );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey nacc );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey nato );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey nea );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey oecd );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey oic );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey osce );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey pca );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey un );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey unctad );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey unesco );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey unhcr );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey unido );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey unikom );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey unrwa );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey upu );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey weu );; line 113327 (wfb::comment member_of turkey weu "associate" );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey wftu );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey who );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey wipo );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey wmo );; line 113327 (wfb::member_of turkey wto );; line 113327 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us turkey chief_of_mission "Ambassador Nuzhet KANDEMIR" );; line 113336 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us turkey chancery "1714 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036" );; line 113338 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us turkey telephone "[1] (202) 659-8200" );; line 113340 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us turkey |consulate(s) general| "Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, and New York" );; line 113342 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation turkey chief_of_mission "Ambassador Marc GROSSMAN" );; line 113347 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation turkey embassy "110 Ataturk Boulevard, Ankara" );; line 113349 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation turkey mailing_address "PSC 93, Box 5000, Ankara; APO AE 09823" );; line 113351 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation turkey telephone "[90] (312) 468-6110 through 6128" );; line 113353 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation turkey fax "[90] (312) 467-0019" );; line 113355 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation turkey |consulate(s) general| "Istanbul" );; line 113357 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation turkey |consulate(s)| "Adana" );; line 113359 (wfb::flag turkey "red with a vertical white crescent (the closed portion is toward the hoist side) and white five-pointed star centered just outside the crescent opening" );; line 113363 (wfb::overview turkey "In early 1995, after an impressive economic performance through most of the 1980s, Turkey continues to suffer through its most damaging economic crisis in the last 15 years. Sparked by the downgrading in January 1994 of Turkey's international credit rating by two US credit rating agencies, the crisis stems from years of loose fiscal and monetary policies that had exacerbated inflation and allowed the public debt, money supply, and current account deficit to explode. In April 1994, Prime Minister CILLER introduced an austerity package aimed at restoring domestic and international confidence in her fragile coalition government. Three months later the IMF endorsed the program, paving the way for a $740 million IMF standby loan. Although the economy showed signs of improvement following the stabilization measures, CILLER has been unable to overcome the political obstacles to tough structural reforms necessary for sustained, longer-term growth. As a consequence, the economy is suffering the worst of both worlds: at the end of 1994, inflation hit a record 126% (annual rate), and real GDP dropped an estimated 5% for the year as a whole, the worst decline in Turkey's post-war history. At the same time, the government missed key 1994 targets stipulated in the IMF agreement: the budget deficit is estimated to have overshot the government's goal by 47%; the total public sector borrowing requirement likely reached 10%-12% of GDP, rather than 8.5% called for in the program; and the Turkish lira's value fell 5% to 7% more than expected. The unprecedented effort by the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) to raise the economic costs of its insurgency against the Turkish state is adding to Turkey's economic problems. Attacks against tourists have jeopardized tourist revenues, which account for about 3% of GDP, while economic activity in southeastern Turkey, where most of the violence occurs, has dropped considerably. Turkish officials are now negotiating a new letter of intent with the IMF that will stipulate more realistic macroeconomic goals for 1995 and allow the release of remaining funds of the standby agreement." );; line 113370 (wfb::estimation-date national_product turkey date_1994 );; line 113401 (wfb::national_product turkey (* 305.2e9 $) );; line 113401 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate turkey date_1994 );; line 113405 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate turkey (* -5 %) );; line 113405 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita turkey date_1994 );; line 113409 (wfb::national_product_per_capita turkey (* 4910 $) );; line 113409 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| turkey "106% (1994)" );; line 113413 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate turkey date_1994 );; line 113417 (wfb::unemployment_rate turkey (* 12.6 %) );; line 113417 (wfb::budget turkey revenues (* 28.3e9 $) );; line 113422 (wfb::measurement-date budget turkey date_1995 );; line 113424 (wfb::budget turkey expenditures (* 33.3e9 $) );; line 113424 (wfb::budget turkey capital_expenditures (* 3.2e9 $) );; line 113424 (wfb::exports turkey (* 15.3e9 $) );; line 113429 (wfb::measurement-date exports turkey date_1993 );; line 113431 (wfb::exports turkey commodities manufactured_products (* 72 %) );; line 113431 (wfb::exports turkey commodities foodstuffs (* 23 %) );; line 113431 (wfb::exports turkey commodities mining_products (* 4 %) );; line 113431 (wfb::measurement-date exports turkey date_1993 );; line 113434 (wfb::exports turkey partners germany (* 24 %) );; line 113434 (wfb::exports turkey partners russia (* 7 %) );; line 113434 (wfb::exports turkey partners us (* 7 %) );; line 113434 (wfb::exports turkey partners uk (* 6 %) );; line 113434 (wfb::imports turkey (* 27.6e9 $) );; line 113438 (wfb::measurement-date imports turkey date_1993 );; line 113440 (wfb::imports turkey commodities manufactured_products (* 71 %) );; line 113440 (wfb::imports turkey commodities fuels (* 14 %) );; line 113440 (wfb::imports turkey commodities foodstuffs (* 6 %) );; line 113440 (wfb::measurement-date imports turkey date_1993 );; line 113442 (wfb::imports turkey partners germany (* 15 %) );; line 113442 (wfb::imports turkey partners us (* 11 %) );; line 113442 (wfb::imports turkey partners italy (* 9 %) );; line 113442 (wfb::imports turkey partners russia (* 8 %) );; line 113442 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt turkey date_1994 );; line 113446 (wfb::external_debt turkey (* 66.6e9 $) );; line 113446 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 113450 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production turkey date_1993 );; line 113450 (wfb::industrial_production turkey growth_rate (* 6.7 %) );; line 113450 (wfb::industrial_production turkey accounts_for (* 26 %_of_gdp) );; line 113450 (wfb::electricity turkey capacity (* 18710000 kw) );; line 113455 (wfb::electricity turkey production (* 71e9 kwh) );; line 113457 (wfb::measurement-date electricity turkey consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 113459 (wfb::electricity turkey consumption_per_capita (* 1079 kwh) );; line 113459 (wfb::industry turkey textiles );; line 113463 (wfb::industry turkey food_processing );; line 113463 (wfb::industry turkey |mining (coal, chromite, copper, boron)| );; line 113463 (wfb::industry turkey steel );; line 113463 (wfb::industry turkey petroleum-industry );; line 113463 (wfb::industry turkey construction-industry );; line 113463 (wfb::industry turkey lumber );; line 113463 (wfb::industry turkey paper );; line 113463 (wfb::agriculture turkey "accounts for 16% of GDP; products - tobacco, cotton, grain, olives, sugar beets, pulses, citrus fruit, variety of animal products; self-sufficient in food most years" );; line 113468 (wfb::illicit_drugs turkey "major transit route for Southwest Asian heroin and hashish to Western Europe and the US via air, land, and sea routes; major Turkish, Iranian, and other international trafficking organizations operate out of Istanbul; laboratories to convert imported morphine base into heroin are in remote regions of Turkey as well as near Istanbul; government maintains strict controls over areas of legal opium poppy cultivation and output of poppy straw concentrate" );; line 113474 (wfb::economic_aid turkey recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $2.3 billion; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $10.1 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $665 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $4.5 billion" );; line 113485 (wfb::comment economic_aid turkey "aid for Persian Gulf war efforts from coalition allies (1991), $4.1 billion; aid pledged for Turkish Defense Fund, $2.5 billion" );; line 113490 (wfb::abbreviation turkish_lira "TL" );; line 113495 (wfb::currency turkey turkish_lira 100 kurus );; line 113495 (wfb::exchange_rates turkey "Turkish liras (TL) per US$1 - 37,444.1 (December 1994), 29,608.7 (1994), 10,984.6 (1993), 6,872.4 (1992), 4,171.8 (1991), 2,608.6 (1990)" );; line 113499 (wfb::fiscal_year turkey date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 113504 (wfb::railroads turkey total "10,413 km" );; line 113510 (wfb::railroads turkey standard_gauge "10,413 km 1.435-m gauge (1,033 km electrified)" );; line 113512 (wfb::highways turkey total (* 320611 km) );; line 113517 (wfb::comment highways turkey paved "including 862 km of expressways" );; line 113519 (wfb::measurement-date highways turkey date_1992 );; line 113521 (wfb::inland_waterways turkey "about 1,200 km" );; line 113525 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 1738 km) );; line 113529 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 2321 km) );; line 113529 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 708 km) );; line 113529 (wfb::port turkey gemlik-turkey );; line 113534 (wfb::port turkey hopa-turkey );; line 113534 (wfb::port turkey iskenderun-turkey );; line 113534 (wfb::port turkey istanbul-turkey );; line 113534 (wfb::port turkey izmir-turkey );; line 113534 (wfb::port turkey izmit-turkey );; line 113534 (wfb::port turkey mersin-turkey );; line 113534 (wfb::port turkey samsun-turkey );; line 113534 (wfb::port turkey trabzon-turkey );; line 113534 (wfb::merchant_marine turkey total "423 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 5,014,004 GRT/8,695,636 DWT" );; line 113540 (wfb::merchant_marine turkey ships_by_type "bulk 113, cargo 203, chemical tanker 14, combination bulk 7, combination ore/oil 12, container 2, liquefied gas tanker 4, livestock carrier 1, oil tanker 46, passenger-cargo 1, refrigerated cargo 2, roll-on/roll-off cargo 9, short-sea passenger 7, specialized tanker 2" );; line 113543 (wfb::airports turkey total 116 );; line 113551 (wfb::airports turkey |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 16 );; line 113553 (wfb::airports turkey |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 20 );; line 113555 (wfb::airports turkey |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 12 );; line 113557 (wfb::airports turkey |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 21 );; line 113559 (wfb::airports turkey with_paved_runways_under_914_m 34 );; line 113561 (wfb::airports turkey |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 2 );; line 113563 (wfb::airports turkey |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 11 );; line 113565 (wfb::telephone_system turkey "3,400,000 telephones; fair domestic and international systems" );; line 113570 (wfb::telephone_system turkey local "NA" );; line 113572 (wfb::telephone_system turkey intercity "trunk radio relay microwave network; limited open wire network" );; line 113574 (wfb::telephone_system turkey international "2 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) and 1 EUTELSAT earth station; 1 submarine cable" );; line 113576 (wfb::radio turkey broadcast_stations am 15 );; line 113582 (wfb::radio turkey broadcast_stations fm 94 );; line 113582 (wfb::radio turkey broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 113582 (wfb::radio turkey radios n/a );; line 113584 (wfb::television turkey broadcast_stations 357 );; line 113589 (wfb::television turkey televisions n/a );; line 113591 (wfb::defense_branch turkey land_forces_turkey );; line 113597 (wfb::comment defense_branch turkey navy_turkey "includes Naval Air and Naval Infantry" );; line 113597 (wfb::defense_branch turkey navy_turkey );; line 113597 (wfb::defense_branch turkey air_force_turkey );; line 113597 (wfb::defense_branch turkey coast_guard_turkey );; line 113597 (wfb::defense_branch turkey gendarmerie_turkey );; line 113597 (wfb::manpower_availability turkey "males age 15-49 16,519,152; males fit for military service 10,067,089; males reach military age (20) annually 625,476 (1995 est.)" );; line 113602 (wfb::markup-parameter figure turkmenistan "graphno=\"tx.tif\"" );; line 113615 (wfb::location turkmenistan "Central Asia, bordering the Caspian Sea, between Iran and Kazakhstan" );; line 113619 (wfb::map_references turkmenistan "Commonwealth of Independent States - Central Asian States" );; line 113624 (wfb::area turkmenistan total_area (* 488100 sq_km) );; line 113629 (wfb::area turkmenistan land_area (* 488100 sq_km) );; line 113631 (wfb::area turkmenistan comparative_area "slightly larger than California" );; line 113633 (wfb::borders turkmenistan total (* 3736 km) );; line 113637 (wfb::borders turkmenistan afghanistan (* 744 km) );; line 113637 (wfb::borders turkmenistan iran (* 992 km) );; line 113637 (wfb::borders turkmenistan kazakhstan (* 379 km) );; line 113637 (wfb::borders turkmenistan uzbekistan (* 1621 km) );; line 113637 (wfb::coastline turkmenistan (* 0 km) );; line 113642 (wfb::comment coastline turkmenistan "Turkmenistan borders the Caspian Sea (1,768 km)" );; line 113644 (wfb::maritime_claims turkmenistan "none; landlocked" );; line 113648 (wfb::international_disputes turkmenistan "Caspian Sea boundaries are not yet determined" );; line 113652 (wfb::climate turkmenistan "subtropical desert" );; line 113656 (wfb::terrain turkmenistan "flat-to-rolling sandy desert with dunes rising to mountains in the south" );; line 113660 (wfb::terrain turkmenistan "low mountains along border with Iran" );; line 113660 (wfb::terrain turkmenistan "borders Caspian Sea in west" );; line 113660 (wfb::natural-resource turkmenistan petroleum );; line 113665 (wfb::natural-resource turkmenistan natural_gas );; line 113665 (wfb::natural-resource turkmenistan coal );; line 113665 (wfb::natural-resource turkmenistan sulphur );; line 113665 (wfb::natural-resource turkmenistan salt );; line 113665 (wfb::land_use turkmenistan arable_land (* 2 %) );; line 113670 (wfb::land_use turkmenistan permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 113672 (wfb::land_use turkmenistan meadows_and_pastures (* 69 %) );; line 113674 (wfb::land_use turkmenistan forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 113676 (wfb::land_use turkmenistan other (* 29 %) );; line 113678 (wfb::measurement-date irrigated_land turkmenistan date_1990 );; line 113682 (wfb::irrigated_land turkmenistan (* 12450 sq_km) );; line 113682 (wfb::environment turkmenistan current_issues "contamination of soil and groundwater with agricultural chemicals, pesticides" );; line 113687 (wfb::environment turkmenistan current_issues "salinization, water-logging of soil due to poor irrigation methods" );; line 113687 (wfb::environment turkmenistan current_issues "Caspian Sea pollution" );; line 113687 (wfb::environment turkmenistan current_issues "diversion of a large share of the flow of the Amu Darya into irrigation contributes to that river's inability to replenish the Aral Sea" );; line 113687 (wfb::environment turkmenistan current_issues "desertification" );; line 113687 (wfb::environment turkmenistan natural_hazards "NA" );; line 113693 (wfb::environment turkmenistan international_agreements "party to - Ozone Layer Protection" );; line 113695 (wfb::note turkmenistan "landlocked" );; line 113699 (wfb::estimation-date population turkmenistan date_jul_1995 );; line 113705 (wfb::population turkmenistan 4075316 );; line 113705 (wfb::age_structure turkmenistan 0-14_years (* 40 %) );; line 113710 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex turkmenistan 0-14_years female 798620 );; line 113710 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex turkmenistan 0-14_years male 821550 );; line 113710 (wfb::age_structure turkmenistan 15-64_years (* 56 %) );; line 113712 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex turkmenistan 15-64_years female 1155392 );; line 113712 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex turkmenistan 15-64_years male 1128844 );; line 113712 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure turkmenistan 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 113714 (wfb::age_structure turkmenistan 65_years_and_over (* 4 %) );; line 113714 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex turkmenistan 65_years_and_over female 105424 );; line 113714 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex turkmenistan 65_years_and_over male 65486 );; line 113714 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate turkmenistan date_1995 );; line 113718 (wfb::population_growth_rate turkmenistan (* 1.97 %) );; line 113718 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate turkmenistan date_1995 );; line 113722 (wfb::birth_rate turkmenistan (* 29.93 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 113722 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate turkmenistan date_1995 );; line 113726 (wfb::death_rate turkmenistan (* 7.34 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 113726 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate turkmenistan date_1995 );; line 113730 (wfb::net_migration_rate turkmenistan (* -2.92 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 113730 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate turkmenistan date_1995 );; line 113734 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate turkmenistan (* 68.5 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 113734 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth turkmenistan total_population (* 65.35 years) );; line 113739 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth turkmenistan male (* 61.85 years) );; line 113741 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth turkmenistan female date_1995 );; line 113743 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth turkmenistan female (* 69.02 years) );; line 113743 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate turkmenistan date_1995 );; line 113747 (wfb::total_fertility_rate turkmenistan (* 3.72 children_born/woman) );; line 113747 (wfb::nationality turkmenistan noun "Turkmen(s)" );; line 113752 (wfb::nationality turkmenistan adjective "Turkmen" );; line 113754 (wfb::ethnic-entity turkmenistan turkmen (* 73.3 %) );; line 113758 (wfb::ethnic-entity turkmenistan russian (* 9.8 %) );; line 113758 (wfb::ethnic-entity turkmenistan uzbek (* 9 %) );; line 113758 (wfb::ethnic-entity turkmenistan kazakh (* 2 %) );; line 113758 (wfb::religion turkmenistan muslim (* 87 %) );; line 113762 (wfb::religion turkmenistan eastern_orthodox (* 11 %) );; line 113762 (wfb::religion turkmenistan unknown (* 2 %) );; line 113762 (wfb::language turkmenistan turkmen-language-group (* 72 %) );; line 113766 (wfb::language turkmenistan russian-language-group (* 12 %) );; line 113766 (wfb::language turkmenistan uzbek-language-group (* 9 %) );; line 113766 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition turkmenistan date_1989 );; line 113770 (wfb::literacy-condition turkmenistan "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 113770 (wfb::literacy turkmenistan total_population (* 98 %) );; line 113772 (wfb::literacy turkmenistan male (* 99 %) );; line 113774 (wfb::literacy turkmenistan female (* 97 %) );; line 113776 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force turkmenistan date_jan_1994 );; line 113780 (wfb::total_labor_force turkmenistan 1.642e6 );; line 113780 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force turkmenistan by_occupation date_1992 );; line 113782 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1992 );; line 113782 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation turkmenistan agriculture_and_forestry (* 44 %) );; line 113782 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation turkmenistan industry_and_construction (* 20 %) );; line 113782 (wfb::names turkmenistan conventional_short_form "Turkmenistan" );; line 113791 (wfb::names turkmenistan local_short_form "Turkmenistan" );; line 113795 (wfb::names turkmenistan former "Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic" );; line 113797 (wfb::digraph turkmenistan "TX" );; line 113801 (wfb::type turkmenistan "republic" );; line 113805 (wfb::capital turkmenistan ashgabat-turkmenistan );; line 113809 (wfb::comment administrative_divisions turkmenistan "names in parentheses are administrative centers when name differs from welayat name" );; line 113817 (wfb::independence turkmenistan date_27_oct_1991 "the Soviet Union" );; line 113822 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1991 );; line 113826 (wfb::comment national_holiday turkmenistan "1991" );; line 113826 (wfb::national_holiday turkmenistan "Independence Day" date_27_oct );; line 113826 (wfb::constitution turkmenistan "adopted 18 May 1992" );; line 113830 (wfb::legal_system turkmenistan "based on civil law system" );; line 113834 (wfb::comment suffrage turkmenistan " universal" );; line 113838 (wfb::suffrage turkmenistan (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 113838 (wfb::comment executive_branch turkmenistan chief_of_state "election last held 21 June 1992 (next to be held NA 2002)" );; line 113843 (wfb::comment executive_branch turkmenistan chief_of_state "results - Saparmurad NIYAZOV 99.5% (ran unopposed)" );; line 113843 (wfb::comment executive_branch turkmenistan chief_of_state "note - a 15 January 1994 referendum extended NIYAZOV's term an additional five years until 2002 (99.99% approval)" );; line 113843 (wfb::executive_branch turkmenistan chief_of_state "President Saparmurad NIYAZOV " date_oct_1990 );; line 113843 (wfb::comment executive_branch turkmenistan head_of_government "Deputy Prime Ministers Orazgeldi AYDOGDIYEV (since NA), Babamurad BAZAROV (since NA), Khekim ISHANOV (since NA), Valeriy OTCHERTSOV (since NA), Yagmur OVEZOV (since NA), Matkarim RAJAPOV (since NA), Abad RIZAYEVA (since NA), Rejep SAPAROV (since NA), Boris SHIKHMURADOV (since NA), Batyr SARJAYEV (since NA)" );; line 113848 (wfb::executive_branch turkmenistan head_of_government "Prime Minister (vacant)" n/a );; line 113848 (wfb::executive_branch turkmenistan cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 113854 (wfb::legislative_branch turkmenistan "Assembly (Majlis)" "elections last held 11 December 1994 (next to be held NA); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (50 total) Democratic Party 45, other 5; note - all 50 preapproved by President NIYAZOV" );; line 113862 (wfb::judicial_branch turkmenistan "Supreme Court" );; line 113868 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders turkmenistan "Democratic Party of Turkmenistan, Saparmurad NIYAZOV; Party for Democratic Development, Durdymurat HOJA-MUKHAMMED, chairman; Agzybirlik, Nurberdy NURMAMEDOV, cochairman, Hubayberdi HALLIYEV, cochairman" );; line 113872 (wfb::comment political_parties_and_leaders turkmenistan "formal opposition parties are outlawed; unofficial, small opposition movements exist underground or in foreign countries" );; line 113876 (wfb::member_of turkmenistan ccc );; line 113881 (wfb::member_of turkmenistan cis );; line 113881 (wfb::member_of turkmenistan ebrd );; line 113881 (wfb::member_of turkmenistan ece );; line 113881 (wfb::member_of turkmenistan eco );; line 113881 (wfb::member_of turkmenistan escap );; line 113881 (wfb::member_of turkmenistan ibrd );; line 113881 (wfb::member_of turkmenistan icao );; line 113881 (wfb::member_of turkmenistan idb );; line 113881 (wfb::member_of turkmenistan ilo );; line 113881 (wfb::member_of turkmenistan imf );; line 113881 (wfb::member_of turkmenistan imo );; line 113881 (wfb::member_of turkmenistan intelsat );; line 113881 (wfb::comment member_of turkmenistan intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 113881 (wfb::member_of turkmenistan ioc );; line 113881 (wfb::member_of turkmenistan iso );; line 113881 (wfb::comment member_of turkmenistan iso "correspondent" );; line 113881 (wfb::member_of turkmenistan itu );; line 113881 (wfb::member_of turkmenistan nacc );; line 113881 (wfb::member_of turkmenistan oic );; line 113881 (wfb::member_of turkmenistan osce );; line 113881 (wfb::member_of turkmenistan pfp );; line 113881 (wfb::member_of turkmenistan un );; line 113881 (wfb::member_of turkmenistan unctad );; line 113881 (wfb::member_of turkmenistan unesco );; line 113881 (wfb::member_of turkmenistan upu );; line 113881 (wfb::member_of turkmenistan who );; line 113881 (wfb::member_of turkmenistan wmo );; line 113881 (wfb::member_of turkmenistan wto );; line 113881 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us turkmenistan chief_of_mission "Ambassador Khalil UGUR" );; line 113888 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us turkmenistan chancery "1511 K Street NW, Suite 412, Washington, DC 20005" );; line 113890 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us turkmenistan telephone "[1] (202) 737-4800" );; line 113892 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us turkmenistan fax "[1] (202) 737-1152" );; line 113894 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation turkmenistan chief_of_mission "Ambassador Joseph S. HULINGS III" );; line 113899 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation turkmenistan embassy "6 Teheran Street, Yubilenaya Hotel, Ashgabat" );; line 113901 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation turkmenistan mailing_address "use embassy street address" );; line 113903 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation turkmenistan telephone "[7] (3632) 24-49-25, 24-49-22" );; line 113905 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation turkmenistan fax "[7] (3632) 25-53-79" );; line 113907 (wfb::flag turkmenistan "green field, including a vertical stripe on the hoist side, with a claret vertical stripe in between containing five white, black, and orange carpet guls (an assymetrical design used in producing rugs) associated with five different tribes; a white crescent and five white stars in the upper left corner to the right of the carpet guls" );; line 113911 (wfb::overview turkmenistan "Turkmenistan is largely desert country with nomadic cattle raising, intensive agriculture in irrigated oases, and huge gas and oil resources. Half its irrigated land is planted in cotton making it the world's tenth largest producer. It also has the world's fifth largest reserves of natural gas and significant oil resources. Until the end of 1993, Turkmenistan had experienced less economic disruption than other former Soviet states because its economy received a boost from higher prices for oil and gas and a sharp increase in hard currency earnings. In 1994, Russia's refusal to export Turkmen gas to hard currency markets and mounting debts of its major customers in the former USSR for gas deliveries contributed to a sharp fall in industrial production and caused the budget to shift from a surplus to a slight deficit. Furthermore, with an authoritarian ex-Communist regime in power and a tribally-based social structure, Turkmenistan has taken a cautious approach to economic reform, hoping to use gas and cotton sales to sustain its inefficient economy. With the onset of economic hard times, even cautious moves toward economic restructuring and privatization have slowed down. For 1995, Turkmenistan will face continuing constraints on its earnings because of its customers' inability to pay for their gas and a low average cotton crop in 1994. Turkmenistan is working hard to open new gas export channels through Iran and Turkey, but these may take many years to realize." );; line 113920 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate turkmenistan date_1994 );; line 113948 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate turkmenistan (* -24 %) );; line 113948 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita turkmenistan date_1994 );; line 113952 (wfb::national_product_per_capita turkmenistan (* 3280 $) );; line 113952 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| turkmenistan "25% per month (1994)" );; line 113956 (wfb::budget turkmenistan revenues (* n/a $) );; line 113965 (wfb::budget turkmenistan expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 113967 (wfb::budget turkmenistan capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 113967 (wfb::measurement-date exports turkmenistan date_1994 );; line 113971 (wfb::exports turkmenistan (* 382e6 $) );; line 113971 (wfb::exports turkmenistan commodities natural_gas-commodity n/a );; line 113973 (wfb::exports turkmenistan commodities cotton n/a );; line 113973 (wfb::exports turkmenistan commodities petroleum_products-commodity n/a );; line 113973 (wfb::exports turkmenistan commodities electricity n/a );; line 113973 (wfb::exports turkmenistan commodities textiles-commodity n/a );; line 113973 (wfb::exports turkmenistan commodities carpets n/a );; line 113973 (wfb::exports turkmenistan partners ukraine n/a );; line 113976 (wfb::exports turkmenistan partners russia n/a );; line 113976 (wfb::exports turkmenistan partners kazakhstan n/a );; line 113976 (wfb::exports turkmenistan partners uzbekistan n/a );; line 113976 (wfb::exports turkmenistan partners georgia n/a );; line 113976 (wfb::exports turkmenistan partners azerbaijan n/a );; line 113976 (wfb::exports turkmenistan partners armenia n/a );; line 113976 (wfb::exports turkmenistan partners eastern_europe n/a );; line 113976 (wfb::exports turkmenistan partners turkey n/a );; line 113976 (wfb::exports turkmenistan partners argentina n/a );; line 113976 (wfb::measurement-date imports turkmenistan date_1994 );; line 113981 (wfb::imports turkmenistan (* 304e6 $) );; line 113981 (wfb::imports turkmenistan commodities machinery_and_parts n/a );; line 113983 (wfb::imports turkmenistan commodities grain_and_food n/a );; line 113983 (wfb::imports turkmenistan commodities plastics_and_rubber n/a );; line 113983 (wfb::imports turkmenistan commodities consumer_durables-commodity n/a );; line 113983 (wfb::imports turkmenistan commodities textiles-commodity n/a );; line 113983 (wfb::imports turkmenistan partners russia n/a );; line 113986 (wfb::imports turkmenistan partners azerbaijan n/a );; line 113986 (wfb::imports turkmenistan partners uzbekistan n/a );; line 113986 (wfb::imports turkmenistan partners kazakhstan n/a );; line 113986 (wfb::imports turkmenistan partners turkey n/a );; line 113986 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 113994 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production turkmenistan date_1994 );; line 113994 (wfb::industrial_production turkmenistan growth_rate (* -25 %) );; line 113994 (wfb::electricity turkmenistan capacity (* 2480000 kw) );; line 113999 (wfb::electricity turkmenistan production (* 10.5e9 kwh) );; line 114001 (wfb::measurement-date electricity turkmenistan consumption_per_capita date_1994 );; line 114003 (wfb::electricity turkmenistan consumption_per_capita (* 2600 kwh) );; line 114003 (wfb::industry turkmenistan natural_gas-industry );; line 114007 (wfb::industry turkmenistan oil );; line 114007 (wfb::industry turkmenistan petroleum_products-industry );; line 114007 (wfb::industry turkmenistan textiles );; line 114007 (wfb::industry turkmenistan food_processing );; line 114007 (wfb::agriculture turkmenistan "cotton, grain, animal husbandry" );; line 114011 (wfb::illicit_drugs turkmenistan "illicit cultivator of cannabis and opium poppy; mostly for CIS consumption; limited government eradication program; used as transshipment point for illicit drugs from Southwest Asia to Western Europe" );; line 114015 (wfb::economic_aid turkmenistan recipient "Turkmenistan has received about $200 million in bilateral aid credits" );; line 114022 (wfb::exchange_rates turkmenistan "manats per US$1 - multiple rate system: 10 (official) and 230 (permitted in transactions between the government and individuals)" );; line 114032 (wfb::fiscal_year turkmenistan date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 114037 (wfb::railroads turkmenistan total "2,120 km in common carrier service; does not include industrial lines" );; line 114043 (wfb::railroads turkmenistan broad_gauge "2,120 km 1.520-m gauge (1990)" );; line 114046 (wfb::highways turkmenistan total (* 23000 km) );; line 114051 (wfb::highways turkmenistan paved_and_graveled (* 18300 km) );; line 114053 (wfb::measurement-date highways turkmenistan date_1990 );; line 114055 (wfb::comment highways turkmenistan unpaved "1990" );; line 114055 (wfb::measurement-date highways turkmenistan unpaved earth date_1990 );; line 114055 (wfb::highways turkmenistan earth (* 4700 km) );; line 114055 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 250 km) );; line 114059 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 4400 km) );; line 114059 (wfb::port turkmenistan turkmenbashi-turkmenistan );; line 114063 (wfb::comment port turkmenistan turkmenbashi-turkmenistan "formerly Krasnowodsk" );; line 114063 (wfb::airports turkmenistan total 64 );; line 114068 (wfb::airports turkmenistan |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 13 );; line 114070 (wfb::airports turkmenistan |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 8 );; line 114072 (wfb::airports turkmenistan |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 114074 (wfb::airports turkmenistan |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 7 );; line 114076 (wfb::airports turkmenistan with_unpaved_runways_under_914_m 35 );; line 114078 (wfb::telephone_system turkmenistan "NA telephones; only 7.5 telephones/100 persons (1991); poorly developed" );; line 114083 (wfb::telephone_system turkmenistan local "NA" );; line 114086 (wfb::telephone_system turkmenistan intercity "NA" );; line 114088 (wfb::telephone_system turkmenistan international "linked by cable and microwave to other CIS republics and to other countries by leased connections to the Moscow international gateway switch; a new telephone link from Ashgabat to Iran has been established; a new exchange in Ashgabat switches international traffic through Turkey via INTELSAT; 1 Orbita and 1 INTELSAT earth station" );; line 114090 (wfb::radio turkmenistan radios n/a );; line 114101 (wfb::television turkmenistan broadcast_stations n/a );; line 114106 (wfb::television turkmenistan televisions n/a );; line 114108 (wfb::defense_branch turkmenistan national_guard_turkmenistan );; line 114114 (wfb::comment defense_branch turkmenistan republic_security_forces_turkmenistan "internal and border troops" );; line 114114 (wfb::defense_branch turkmenistan republic_security_forces_turkmenistan );; line 114114 (wfb::comment defense_branch turkmenistan joint_command_turkmenistan/russia_turkmenistan "Ground, Air, and Air Defense" );; line 114114 (wfb::defense_branch turkmenistan joint_command_turkmenistan/russia_turkmenistan );; line 114114 (wfb::manpower_availability turkmenistan "males age 15-49 993,321; males fit for military service 810,392; males reach military age (18) annually 40,430 (1995 est.)" );; line 114119 (wfb::markup-parameter figure turks_and_caicos_islands "graphno=\"tk.tif\"" );; line 114130 (wfb::header turks_and_caicos_islands "(dependent territory of the UK)" );; line 114130 (wfb::location turks_and_caicos_islands "Caribbean, two island groups in the North Atlantic Ocean, southeast of The Bahamas" );; line 114135 (wfb::map_references turks_and_caicos_islands "Central America and the Caribbean" );; line 114140 (wfb::area turks_and_caicos_islands total_area (* 430 sq_km) );; line 114145 (wfb::area turks_and_caicos_islands land_area (* 430 sq_km) );; line 114147 (wfb::area turks_and_caicos_islands comparative_area "slightly less than 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 114149 (wfb::coastline turks_and_caicos_islands (* 389 km) );; line 114157 (wfb::maritime_claims turks_and_caicos_islands exclusive_fishing_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 114162 (wfb::maritime_claims turks_and_caicos_islands territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 114164 (wfb::international_disputes turks_and_caicos_islands "none" );; line 114168 (wfb::climate turks_and_caicos_islands "tropical" );; line 114172 (wfb::climate turks_and_caicos_islands "marine" );; line 114172 (wfb::climate turks_and_caicos_islands "moderated by trade winds" );; line 114172 (wfb::climate turks_and_caicos_islands "sunny and relatively dry" );; line 114172 (wfb::terrain turks_and_caicos_islands "low, flat limestone" );; line 114177 (wfb::terrain turks_and_caicos_islands "extensive marshes and mangrove swamps" );; line 114177 (wfb::natural-resource turks_and_caicos_islands spiny_lobster );; line 114181 (wfb::natural-resource turks_and_caicos_islands conch );; line 114181 (wfb::land_use turks_and_caicos_islands arable_land (* 2 %) );; line 114186 (wfb::land_use turks_and_caicos_islands permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 114188 (wfb::land_use turks_and_caicos_islands meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 114190 (wfb::land_use turks_and_caicos_islands forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 114192 (wfb::land_use turks_and_caicos_islands other (* 98 %) );; line 114194 (wfb::irrigated_land turks_and_caicos_islands (* n/a sq_km) );; line 114198 (wfb::environment turks_and_caicos_islands current_issues "limited natural fresh water resources, private cisterns collect rainwater" );; line 114203 (wfb::environment turks_and_caicos_islands natural_hazards "frequent hurricanes" );; line 114206 (wfb::environment turks_and_caicos_islands international_agreements "NA" );; line 114208 (wfb::note turks_and_caicos_islands "30 islands (eight inhabited)" );; line 114212 (wfb::estimation-date population turks_and_caicos_islands date_jul_1995 );; line 114218 (wfb::population turks_and_caicos_islands 13941 );; line 114218 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate turks_and_caicos_islands date_1995 );; line 114231 (wfb::population_growth_rate turks_and_caicos_islands (* 2.41 %) );; line 114231 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate turks_and_caicos_islands date_1995 );; line 114235 (wfb::birth_rate turks_and_caicos_islands (* 13.46 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 114235 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate turks_and_caicos_islands date_1995 );; line 114239 (wfb::death_rate turks_and_caicos_islands (* 5.16 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 114239 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate turks_and_caicos_islands date_1995 );; line 114243 (wfb::net_migration_rate turks_and_caicos_islands (* 15.83 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 114243 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate turks_and_caicos_islands date_1995 );; line 114247 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate turks_and_caicos_islands (* 12.63 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 114247 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth turks_and_caicos_islands total_population (* 75.37 years) );; line 114252 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth turks_and_caicos_islands male (* 73.44 years) );; line 114254 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth turks_and_caicos_islands female date_1995 );; line 114256 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth turks_and_caicos_islands female (* 77.04 years) );; line 114256 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate turks_and_caicos_islands date_1995 );; line 114260 (wfb::total_fertility_rate turks_and_caicos_islands (* 2.3 children_born/woman) );; line 114260 (wfb::nationality turks_and_caicos_islands noun "none" );; line 114265 (wfb::nationality turks_and_caicos_islands adjective "none" );; line 114267 (wfb::ethnic-entity turks_and_caicos_islands african n/a );; line 114271 (wfb::measurement-date religion date_1980 );; line 114275 (wfb::religion turks_and_caicos_islands baptist (* 41.2 %) );; line 114275 (wfb::religion turks_and_caicos_islands methodist (* 18.9 %) );; line 114275 (wfb::religion turks_and_caicos_islands anglican (* 18.3 %) );; line 114275 (wfb::religion turks_and_caicos_islands seventh-day_adventist (* 1.7 %) );; line 114275 (wfb::language turks_and_caicos_islands english n/a );; line 114280 (wfb::comment language turks_and_caicos_islands english "official" );; line 114280 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition turks_and_caicos_islands date_1970 );; line 114284 (wfb::literacy-condition turks_and_caicos_islands "age 15 and over has ever attended school" );; line 114284 (wfb::literacy turks_and_caicos_islands total_population (* 98 %) );; line 114286 (wfb::literacy turks_and_caicos_islands male (* 99 %) );; line 114288 (wfb::literacy turks_and_caicos_islands female (* 98 %) );; line 114290 (wfb::total_labor_force turks_and_caicos_islands n/a );; line 114294 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation turks_and_caicos_islands majority_engaged_in_fishing_and_tourist_industries n/a );; line 114296 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation turks_and_caicos_islands some_subsistence_agriculture n/a );; line 114296 (wfb::names turks_and_caicos_islands conventional_short_form "Turks and Caicos Islands" );; line 114305 (wfb::digraph turks_and_caicos_islands "TK" );; line 114309 (wfb::type turks_and_caicos_islands "dependent territory of the UK" );; line 114313 (wfb::capital turks_and_caicos_islands grand_turk-turks_and_caicos_islands );; line 114317 (wfb::comment independence turks_and_caicos_islands "dependent territory of the UK" );; line 114325 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1976 );; line 114329 (wfb::comment national_holiday turks_and_caicos_islands "1976" );; line 114329 (wfb::national_holiday turks_and_caicos_islands "Constitution Day" date_30_aug );; line 114329 (wfb::constitution turks_and_caicos_islands "introduced 30 August 1976, suspended in 1986, restored and revised 5 March 1988" );; line 114333 (wfb::legal_system turks_and_caicos_islands "based on laws of England and Wales with a small number adopted from Jamaica and The Bahamas" );; line 114338 (wfb::comment suffrage turks_and_caicos_islands " universal" );; line 114343 (wfb::suffrage turks_and_caicos_islands (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 114343 (wfb::executive_branch turks_and_caicos_islands head_of_government "Chief Minister Derek H. TAYLOR " date_31_jan_1995 );; line 114351 (wfb::comment executive_branch turks_and_caicos_islands cabinet "consists of three ex-officio members and five appointed by the governor from the Legislative Council" );; line 114353 (wfb::executive_branch turks_and_caicos_islands cabinet "Executive Council" );; line 114353 (wfb::legislative_structure turks_and_caicos_islands unicameral n/a );; line 114358 (wfb::legislative_branch turks_and_caicos_islands "Legislative Council" "elections last held 31 January 1995 (next to be held by NA 2000); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (20 total, 13 elected) PDM 8, PNP 4, independent (Norman SAUNDERS) 1" );; line 114360 (wfb::judicial_branch turks_and_caicos_islands "Supreme Court" );; line 114366 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders turks_and_caicos_islands "Progressive National Party (PNP), Washington MISSICK; People's Democratic Movement (PDM), Derek H. TAYLOR; National Democratic Alliance (NDA), Ariel MISSICK" );; line 114370 (wfb::member_of turks_and_caicos_islands caricom );; line 114376 (wfb::comment member_of turks_and_caicos_islands caricom "associate" );; line 114376 (wfb::member_of turks_and_caicos_islands cdb );; line 114376 (wfb::member_of turks_and_caicos_islands interpol );; line 114376 (wfb::comment member_of turks_and_caicos_islands interpol "subbureau" );; line 114376 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us turks_and_caicos_islands "none (dependent territory of the UK)" );; line 114380 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation turks_and_caicos_islands "none (dependent territory of the UK)" );; line 114384 (wfb::flag turks_and_caicos_islands "blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the colonial shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield is yellow and contains a conch shell, lobster, and cactus" );; line 114388 (wfb::overview turks_and_caicos_islands "The economy is based on fishing, tourism, and offshore banking. Only subsistence farming - corn, cassava, citrus, and beans - exists on the Caicos Islands, so that most foods, as well as nonfood products, must be imported." );; line 114395 (wfb::estimation-date national_product turks_and_caicos_islands date_1992 );; line 114402 (wfb::national_product turks_and_caicos_islands (* 80.8e6 $) );; line 114402 (wfb::measurement-date national_product_real_growth_rate turks_and_caicos_islands date_1992 );; line 114406 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate turks_and_caicos_islands (* -1.5 %) );; line 114406 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita turks_and_caicos_islands date_1992 );; line 114410 (wfb::national_product_per_capita turks_and_caicos_islands (* 6000 $) );; line 114410 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| turks_and_caicos_islands "NA%" );; line 114414 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate turks_and_caicos_islands date_1992 );; line 114418 (wfb::unemployment_rate turks_and_caicos_islands (* 12 %) );; line 114418 (wfb::budget turks_and_caicos_islands revenues (* 20.3e6 $) );; line 114423 (wfb::estimation-date budget turks_and_caicos_islands date_1989 );; line 114425 (wfb::budget turks_and_caicos_islands expenditures (* 44e6 $) );; line 114425 (wfb::budget turks_and_caicos_islands capital_expenditures (* 23.9e6 $) );; line 114425 (wfb::exports turks_and_caicos_islands (* 6.8e6 $) );; line 114430 (wfb::exports turks_and_caicos_islands commodities lobster-commodity n/a );; line 114432 (wfb::exports turks_and_caicos_islands commodities dried_and_fresh_conch n/a );; line 114432 (wfb::exports turks_and_caicos_islands commodities conch_shells n/a );; line 114432 (wfb::exports turks_and_caicos_islands partners us n/a );; line 114434 (wfb::exports turks_and_caicos_islands partners uk n/a );; line 114434 (wfb::measurement-date imports turks_and_caicos_islands date_1993 );; line 114438 (wfb::imports turks_and_caicos_islands (* 42.8e6 $) );; line 114438 (wfb::imports turks_and_caicos_islands commodities food_and_beverages n/a );; line 114440 (wfb::imports turks_and_caicos_islands commodities tobacco n/a );; line 114440 (wfb::imports turks_and_caicos_islands commodities clothing-commodity n/a );; line 114440 (wfb::imports turks_and_caicos_islands commodities manufactures n/a );; line 114440 (wfb::imports turks_and_caicos_islands commodities construction_materials n/a );; line 114440 (wfb::imports turks_and_caicos_islands partners us n/a );; line 114443 (wfb::imports turks_and_caicos_islands partners uk n/a );; line 114443 (wfb::external_debt turks_and_caicos_islands (* n/a $) );; line 114447 (wfb::industrial_production turks_and_caicos_islands growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 114451 (wfb::electricity turks_and_caicos_islands capacity (* 9050 kw) );; line 114456 (wfb::electricity turks_and_caicos_islands production (* 11.1e6 kwh) );; line 114458 (wfb::measurement-date electricity turks_and_caicos_islands consumption_per_capita date_1992 );; line 114460 (wfb::electricity turks_and_caicos_islands consumption_per_capita (* 860 kwh) );; line 114460 (wfb::industry turks_and_caicos_islands fishing-industry );; line 114464 (wfb::industry turks_and_caicos_islands tourism );; line 114464 (wfb::industry turks_and_caicos_islands offshore_financial_services );; line 114464 (wfb::agriculture turks_and_caicos_islands "subsistence farming prevails, based on corn and beans; fishing more important than farming; not self-sufficient in food" );; line 114468 (wfb::illicit_drugs turks_and_caicos_islands "transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US" );; line 114473 (wfb::economic_aid turks_and_caicos_islands recipient "Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $110 million" );; line 114479 (wfb::abbreviation united_states_dollar "US$" );; line 114484 (wfb::currency turks_and_caicos_islands united_states_dollar 100 cents );; line 114484 (wfb::exchange_rates turks_and_caicos_islands "US currency is used" );; line 114488 (wfb::fiscal_year turks_and_caicos_islands date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 114492 (wfb::railroads turks_and_caicos_islands "0 km" );; line 114497 (wfb::comment highways turks_and_caicos_islands total "including 24 km tarmac" );; line 114502 (wfb::port turks_and_caicos_islands cockburn_harbour-turks_and_caicos_islands );; line 114510 (wfb::port turks_and_caicos_islands grand_turk-turks_and_caicos_islands );; line 114510 (wfb::port turks_and_caicos_islands providenciales-turks_and_caicos_islands );; line 114510 (wfb::port turks_and_caicos_islands salt_cay-turks_and_caicos_islands );; line 114510 (wfb::merchant_marine turks_and_caicos_islands "none" );; line 114514 (wfb::airports turks_and_caicos_islands total 7 );; line 114519 (wfb::airports turks_and_caicos_islands |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 3 );; line 114521 (wfb::airports turks_and_caicos_islands |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 114523 (wfb::airports turks_and_caicos_islands with_paved_runways_under_914_m 1 );; line 114525 (wfb::airports turks_and_caicos_islands |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 2 );; line 114527 (wfb::telephone_system turks_and_caicos_islands "1,446 telephones; fair cable and radio services" );; line 114532 (wfb::telephone_system turks_and_caicos_islands local "NA" );; line 114534 (wfb::telephone_system turks_and_caicos_islands intercity "NA" );; line 114536 (wfb::telephone_system turks_and_caicos_islands international "2 submarine cables; 1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station" );; line 114538 (wfb::radio turks_and_caicos_islands broadcast_stations am 3 );; line 114543 (wfb::radio turks_and_caicos_islands broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 114543 (wfb::radio turks_and_caicos_islands broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 114543 (wfb::radio turks_and_caicos_islands radios n/a );; line 114545 (wfb::television turks_and_caicos_islands broadcast_stations n/a );; line 114550 (wfb::television turks_and_caicos_islands televisions n/a );; line 114552 (wfb::note turks_and_caicos_islands "defense is the responsibility of the UK" );; line 114558 (wfb::markup-parameter figure tuvalu "graphno=\"tv.tif\"" );; line 114564 (wfb::location tuvalu "Oceania, island group consisting of nine coral atolls in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to Australia" );; line 114568 (wfb::map_references tuvalu "Oceania" );; line 114573 (wfb::area tuvalu total_area (* 26 sq_km) );; line 114578 (wfb::area tuvalu land_area (* 26 sq_km) );; line 114580 (wfb::area tuvalu comparative_area "about 0.1 times the size of Washington, DC" );; line 114582 (wfb::coastline tuvalu (* 24 km) );; line 114590 (wfb::maritime_claims tuvalu contiguous_zone (* 24 nm) );; line 114595 (wfb::maritime_claims tuvalu exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 114597 (wfb::maritime_claims tuvalu territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 114599 (wfb::international_disputes tuvalu "none" );; line 114603 (wfb::climate tuvalu "tropical" );; line 114607 (wfb::climate tuvalu "moderated by easterly trade winds (March to November)" );; line 114607 (wfb::climate tuvalu "westerly gales and heavy rain (November to March)" );; line 114607 (wfb::terrain tuvalu "very low-lying and narrow coral atolls" );; line 114612 (wfb::natural-resource tuvalu fish );; line 114616 (wfb::land_use tuvalu arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 114621 (wfb::land_use tuvalu permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 114623 (wfb::land_use tuvalu meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 114625 (wfb::land_use tuvalu forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 114627 (wfb::land_use tuvalu other (* 100 %) );; line 114629 (wfb::comment land_use tuvalu "Tuvalu's nine coral atolls have enough soil to grow coconuts and support subsistence agriculture" );; line 114631 (wfb::irrigated_land tuvalu (* n/a sq_km) );; line 114636 (wfb::environment tuvalu current_issues "since there are no streams or rivers and groundwater is not potable, all water needs must be met by catchment systems with storage facilities" );; line 114641 (wfb::environment tuvalu current_issues "beachhead erosion because of the use of sand for building materials" );; line 114641 (wfb::environment tuvalu current_issues "excessive clearance of forest undergrowth for use as fuel" );; line 114641 (wfb::environment tuvalu current_issues "damage to coral reefs from the spread of the crown of thorns starfish" );; line 114641 (wfb::environment tuvalu natural_hazards "severe tropical storms are rare" );; line 114647 (wfb::environment tuvalu international_agreements "party to - Climate Change, Endangered Species, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution" );; line 114649 (wfb::environment tuvalu international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Law of the Sea" );; line 114649 (wfb::estimation-date population tuvalu date_jul_1995 );; line 114657 (wfb::population tuvalu 9991 );; line 114657 (wfb::age_structure tuvalu 0-14_years (* 36 %) );; line 114662 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex tuvalu 0-14_years female 1787 );; line 114662 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex tuvalu 0-14_years male 1852 );; line 114662 (wfb::age_structure tuvalu 15-64_years (* 59 %) );; line 114664 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex tuvalu 15-64_years female 3105 );; line 114664 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex tuvalu 15-64_years male 2764 );; line 114664 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure tuvalu 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 114666 (wfb::age_structure tuvalu 65_years_and_over (* 5 %) );; line 114666 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex tuvalu 65_years_and_over female 258 );; line 114666 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex tuvalu 65_years_and_over male 225 );; line 114666 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate tuvalu date_1995 );; line 114670 (wfb::population_growth_rate tuvalu (* 1.58 %) );; line 114670 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate tuvalu date_1995 );; line 114674 (wfb::birth_rate tuvalu (* 24.82 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 114674 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate tuvalu date_1995 );; line 114678 (wfb::death_rate tuvalu (* 9.01 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 114678 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate tuvalu date_1995 );; line 114682 (wfb::net_migration_rate tuvalu (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 114682 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate tuvalu date_1995 );; line 114686 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate tuvalu (* 27.9 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 114686 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth tuvalu total_population (* 63.15 years) );; line 114691 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth tuvalu male (* 61.87 years) );; line 114693 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth tuvalu female date_1995 );; line 114695 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth tuvalu female (* 64.34 years) );; line 114695 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate tuvalu date_1995 );; line 114699 (wfb::total_fertility_rate tuvalu (* 3.11 children_born/woman) );; line 114699 (wfb::nationality tuvalu noun "Tuvaluans(s)" );; line 114704 (wfb::nationality tuvalu adjective "Tuvaluan" );; line 114706 (wfb::ethnic-entity tuvalu polynesian (* 96 %) );; line 114710 (wfb::religion tuvalu |Church of Tuvalu (Congregationalist)| (* 97 %) );; line 114714 (wfb::religion tuvalu seventh-day_adventist (* 1.4 %) );; line 114714 (wfb::religion tuvalu |Baha'i| (* 1 %) );; line 114714 (wfb::language tuvalu tuvaluan n/a );; line 114719 (wfb::language tuvalu english n/a );; line 114719 (wfb::literacy-condition tuvalu "NA%" );; line 114723 (wfb::total_labor_force tuvalu n/a );; line 114727 (wfb::names tuvalu conventional_short_form "Tuvalu" );; line 114737 (wfb::names tuvalu former "Ellice Islands" );; line 114739 (wfb::digraph tuvalu "TV" );; line 114743 (wfb::type tuvalu "democracy; began debating republic status in 1992" );; line 114747 (wfb::capital tuvalu funafuti-tuvalu );; line 114751 (wfb::independence tuvalu date_1_oct_1978 "UK" );; line 114759 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1978 );; line 114763 (wfb::comment national_holiday tuvalu "1978" );; line 114763 (wfb::national_holiday tuvalu "Independence Day" date_1_oct );; line 114763 (wfb::constitution tuvalu "1 October 1978" );; line 114767 (wfb::legal_system tuvalu "NA" );; line 114771 (wfb::comment suffrage tuvalu " universal" );; line 114775 (wfb::suffrage tuvalu (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 114775 (wfb::comment executive_branch tuvalu head_of_government "Deputy Prime Minister Otinielu TAUSI (since 10 December 1993)" );; line 114783 (wfb::executive_branch tuvalu head_of_government "Prime Minister Kamuta LATASI " date_10_dec_1993 );; line 114783 (wfb::comment executive_branch tuvalu cabinet "appointed by the governor general on recommendation of the prime minister" );; line 114786 (wfb::executive_branch tuvalu cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 114786 (wfb::legislative_structure tuvalu unicameral n/a );; line 114791 (wfb::legislative_branch tuvalu "Parliament (Palamene)" "elections last held 25 November 1993 (next to be held by NA 1997); results - percent of vote NA; seats - (12 total)" );; line 114793 (wfb::judicial_branch tuvalu "High Court" );; line 114798 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders tuvalu "none" );; line 114802 (wfb::member_of tuvalu acp );; line 114806 (wfb::member_of tuvalu asdb );; line 114806 (wfb::member_of tuvalu c );; line 114806 (wfb::comment member_of tuvalu c "special" );; line 114806 (wfb::member_of tuvalu escap );; line 114806 (wfb::member_of tuvalu ifrcs );; line 114806 (wfb::comment member_of tuvalu ifrcs "associate" );; line 114806 (wfb::member_of tuvalu intelsat );; line 114806 (wfb::comment member_of tuvalu intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 114806 (wfb::member_of tuvalu sparteca );; line 114806 (wfb::member_of tuvalu spc );; line 114806 (wfb::member_of tuvalu spf );; line 114806 (wfb::member_of tuvalu unesco );; line 114806 (wfb::member_of tuvalu upu );; line 114806 (wfb::member_of tuvalu who );; line 114806 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us tuvalu "Tuvalu has no mission in the US" );; line 114811 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation tuvalu "none" );; line 114815 (wfb::flag tuvalu "light blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the outer half of the flag represents a map of the country with nine yellow five-pointed stars symbolizing the nine islands" );; line 114819 (wfb::overview tuvalu "Tuvalu consists of a scattered group of nine coral atolls with poor soil. The country has no known mineral resources and few exports. Subsistence farming and fishing are the primary economic activities. The islands are too small and too remote for development of a tourist industry. Government revenues largely come from the sale of stamps and coins and worker remittances. Substantial income is received annually from an international trust fund established in 1987 by Australia, NZ, and the UK and supported also by Japan and South Korea." );; line 114826 (wfb::estimation-date national_product tuvalu date_1993 );; line 114837 (wfb::national_product tuvalu (* 7.8e6 $) );; line 114837 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate tuvalu (* n/a %) );; line 114841 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita tuvalu date_1993 );; line 114845 (wfb::national_product_per_capita tuvalu (* 800 $) );; line 114845 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| tuvalu "2.9% (1989)" );; line 114849 (wfb::unemployment_rate tuvalu (* n/a %) );; line 114853 (wfb::budget tuvalu revenues (* 4.3e6 $) );; line 114858 (wfb::estimation-date budget tuvalu date_1989 );; line 114860 (wfb::budget tuvalu expenditures (* 4.3e6 $) );; line 114860 (wfb::budget tuvalu capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 114860 (wfb::exports tuvalu (* 165000 $) );; line 114864 (wfb::exports tuvalu partners fiji n/a );; line 114868 (wfb::exports tuvalu partners australia n/a );; line 114868 (wfb::exports tuvalu partners nz n/a );; line 114868 (wfb::imports tuvalu (* 4.4e6 $) );; line 114872 (wfb::imports tuvalu commodities food n/a );; line 114874 (wfb::imports tuvalu commodities animals n/a );; line 114874 (wfb::imports tuvalu commodities mineral_fuels n/a );; line 114874 (wfb::imports tuvalu commodities machinery n/a );; line 114874 (wfb::imports tuvalu commodities manufactured_goods n/a );; line 114874 (wfb::imports tuvalu partners fiji n/a );; line 114876 (wfb::imports tuvalu partners australia n/a );; line 114876 (wfb::imports tuvalu partners nz n/a );; line 114876 (wfb::external_debt tuvalu (* n/a $) );; line 114880 (wfb::industrial_production tuvalu growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 114884 (wfb::electricity tuvalu capacity (* 2600 kw) );; line 114889 (wfb::electricity tuvalu production (* 3e6 kwh) );; line 114891 (wfb::measurement-date electricity tuvalu consumption_per_capita date_1990 );; line 114893 (wfb::electricity tuvalu consumption_per_capita (* 330 kwh) );; line 114893 (wfb::industry tuvalu fishing-industry );; line 114897 (wfb::industry tuvalu tourism );; line 114897 (wfb::industry tuvalu copra-industry );; line 114897 (wfb::agriculture tuvalu "coconuts and fish" );; line 114901 (wfb::economic_aid tuvalu recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-87), $1 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $101 million" );; line 114906 (wfb::abbreviation |Tuvaluan dollar ($T) or 1 Australian dollar| "$A" );; line 114911 (wfb::currency tuvalu |Tuvaluan dollar ($T) or 1 Australian dollar| 100 cents );; line 114911 (wfb::exchange_rates tuvalu "Tuvaluan dollars ($T) or Australian dollars ($A) per US$1 - 1.3058 (January 1995), 1.3667 (1994), 1.4704 (1993), 1.3600 (1992), 1.2835 (1991), 1.2799 (1990)" );; line 114915 (wfb::railroads tuvalu "0 km" );; line 114926 (wfb::highways tuvalu total (* 8 km) );; line 114931 (wfb::highways tuvalu gravel (* 8 km) );; line 114933 (wfb::port tuvalu funafuti-tuvalu );; line 114937 (wfb::port tuvalu nukufetau-tuvalu );; line 114937 (wfb::merchant_marine tuvalu total "8 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 44,473 GRT/73,652 DWT" );; line 114942 (wfb::merchant_marine tuvalu ships_by_type "cargo 1, chemical tanker 4, oil tanker 1, passenger-cargo 1, refrigerated cargo 1" );; line 114944 (wfb::airports tuvalu total 1 );; line 114950 (wfb::airports tuvalu |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 1 );; line 114952 (wfb::telephone_system tuvalu "108 telephones; 300 radiotelephones" );; line 114957 (wfb::telephone_system tuvalu local "NA" );; line 114959 (wfb::telephone_system tuvalu intercity "NA" );; line 114961 (wfb::telephone_system tuvalu international "NA" );; line 114963 (wfb::radio tuvalu broadcast_stations am 1 );; line 114968 (wfb::radio tuvalu broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 114968 (wfb::radio tuvalu broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 114968 (wfb::radio tuvalu radios 4000 );; line 114970 (wfb::television tuvalu broadcast_stations 0 );; line 114975 (wfb::television tuvalu televisions n/a );; line 114977 (wfb::defense_branch tuvalu no_military_forces_tuvalu );; line 114983 (wfb::defense_branch tuvalu police_force_tuvalu );; line 114983 (wfb::markup-parameter figure uganda "graphno=\"ug.tif\"" );; line 114994 (wfb::location uganda "Eastern Africa, west of Kenya" );; line 114998 (wfb::map_references uganda "Africa" );; line 115002 (wfb::area uganda total_area (* 236040 sq_km) );; line 115007 (wfb::area uganda land_area (* 199710 sq_km) );; line 115009 (wfb::area uganda comparative_area "slightly smaller than Oregon" );; line 115011 (wfb::borders uganda total (* 2698 km) );; line 115015 (wfb::borders uganda kenya (* 933 km) );; line 115015 (wfb::borders uganda rwanda (* 169 km) );; line 115015 (wfb::borders uganda sudan (* 435 km) );; line 115015 (wfb::borders uganda tanzania (* 396 km) );; line 115015 (wfb::borders uganda zaire (* 765 km) );; line 115015 (wfb::comment coastline uganda "landlocked" );; line 115020 (wfb::coastline uganda (* 0 km) );; line 115020 (wfb::maritime_claims uganda "none; landlocked" );; line 115024 (wfb::international_disputes uganda "none" );; line 115028 (wfb::climate uganda "tropical" );; line 115032 (wfb::climate uganda "generally rainy with two dry seasons (December to February, June to August)" );; line 115032 (wfb::climate uganda "semiarid in northeast" );; line 115032 (wfb::terrain uganda "mostly plateau with rim of mountains" );; line 115037 (wfb::natural-resource uganda copper );; line 115041 (wfb::natural-resource uganda cobalt );; line 115041 (wfb::natural-resource uganda limestone );; line 115041 (wfb::natural-resource uganda salt );; line 115041 (wfb::land_use uganda arable_land (* 23 %) );; line 115046 (wfb::land_use uganda permanent_crops (* 9 %) );; line 115048 (wfb::land_use uganda meadows_and_pastures (* 25 %) );; line 115050 (wfb::land_use uganda forest_and_woodland (* 30 %) );; line 115052 (wfb::land_use uganda other (* 13 %) );; line 115054 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land uganda date_1989 );; line 115058 (wfb::irrigated_land uganda (* 90 sq_km) );; line 115058 (wfb::environment uganda current_issues "draining of wetlands for agricultural use" );; line 115063 (wfb::environment uganda current_issues "deforestation" );; line 115063 (wfb::environment uganda current_issues "overgrazing" );; line 115063 (wfb::environment uganda current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 115063 (wfb::environment uganda current_issues "poaching is widespread" );; line 115063 (wfb::environment uganda natural_hazards "NA" );; line 115066 (wfb::environment uganda international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands" );; line 115068 (wfb::environment uganda international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Environmental Modification" );; line 115068 (wfb::note uganda "landlocked" );; line 115074 (wfb::estimation-date population uganda date_jul_1995 );; line 115080 (wfb::population uganda 19573262 );; line 115080 (wfb::age_structure uganda 0-14_years (* 49 %) );; line 115085 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex uganda 0-14_years female 4792164 );; line 115085 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex uganda 0-14_years male 4834757 );; line 115085 (wfb::age_structure uganda 15-64_years (* 49 %) );; line 115087 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex uganda 15-64_years female 4802650 );; line 115087 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex uganda 15-64_years male 4704159 );; line 115087 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure uganda 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 115089 (wfb::age_structure uganda 65_years_and_over (* 2 %) );; line 115089 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex uganda 65_years_and_over female 215648 );; line 115089 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex uganda 65_years_and_over male 223884 );; line 115089 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate uganda date_1995 );; line 115093 (wfb::population_growth_rate uganda (* 2.25 %) );; line 115093 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate uganda date_1995 );; line 115097 (wfb::birth_rate uganda (* 48.03 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 115097 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate uganda date_1995 );; line 115101 (wfb::death_rate uganda (* 24.35 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 115101 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate uganda date_1995 );; line 115105 (wfb::net_migration_rate uganda (* n/a |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 115105 (wfb::comment net_migration_rate uganda "Uganda is host to refugees from a number of neighboring countries, including Zaire, Sudan, and Rwanda; probably in excess of 100,000 southern Sudanese fled to Uganda during the past year; many of the 8,000 Rwandans who took refuge in Uganda have returned home" );; line 115107 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate uganda date_1995 );; line 115114 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate uganda (* 112.2 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 115114 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth uganda total_population (* 36.58 years) );; line 115119 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth uganda male (* 36.26 years) );; line 115121 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth uganda female date_1995 );; line 115123 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth uganda female (* 36.91 years) );; line 115123 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate uganda date_1995 );; line 115127 (wfb::total_fertility_rate uganda (* 6.7 children_born/woman) );; line 115127 (wfb::nationality uganda noun "Ugandan(s)" );; line 115132 (wfb::nationality uganda adjective "Ugandan" );; line 115134 (wfb::ethnic-entity uganda baganda (* 17 %) );; line 115138 (wfb::ethnic-entity uganda karamojong (* 12 %) );; line 115138 (wfb::ethnic-entity uganda basogo (* 8 %) );; line 115138 (wfb::ethnic-entity uganda iteso (* 8 %) );; line 115138 (wfb::ethnic-entity uganda langi (* 6 %) );; line 115138 (wfb::ethnic-entity uganda rwanda-ethnic-entity (* 6 %) );; line 115138 (wfb::ethnic-entity uganda bagisu (* 5 %) );; line 115138 (wfb::ethnic-entity uganda acholi (* 4 %) );; line 115138 (wfb::ethnic-entity uganda lugbara (* 4 %) );; line 115138 (wfb::ethnic-entity uganda bunyoro (* 3 %) );; line 115138 (wfb::ethnic-entity uganda batobo (* 3 %) );; line 115138 (wfb::ethnic-entity uganda union24 (* 1 %) );; line 115138 (wfb::religion uganda roman_catholic (* 33 %) );; line 115144 (wfb::religion uganda protestant (* 33 %) );; line 115144 (wfb::religion uganda muslim (* 16 %) );; line 115144 (wfb::religion uganda indigenous_beliefs (* 18 %) );; line 115144 (wfb::language uganda english n/a );; line 115149 (wfb::comment language uganda english "official" );; line 115149 (wfb::language uganda luganda n/a );; line 115149 (wfb::language uganda swahili n/a );; line 115149 (wfb::language uganda bantu_languages n/a );; line 115149 (wfb::language uganda nilotic_languages n/a );; line 115149 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition uganda date_1991 );; line 115154 (wfb::literacy-condition uganda "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 115154 (wfb::literacy uganda total_population (* 56 %) );; line 115156 (wfb::literacy uganda male (* 68 %) );; line 115158 (wfb::literacy uganda female (* 45 %) );; line 115160 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation uganda agriculture_over (* 80 %) );; line 115166 (wfb::names uganda conventional_long_form "Republic of Uganda" );; line 115172 (wfb::names uganda conventional_short_form "Uganda" );; line 115174 (wfb::digraph uganda "UG" );; line 115178 (wfb::type uganda "republic" );; line 115182 (wfb::capital uganda kampala-uganda );; line 115186 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_uganda_districts "districts" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 115190 (wfb::administrative_divisions uganda adm_div_uganda_districts 39 );; line 115190 (wfb::administrative_division_of uganda adm_div_uganda_districts "Apac" );; line 115190 (wfb::administrative_division_of uganda adm_div_uganda_districts "Arua" );; line 115190 (wfb::administrative_division_of uganda adm_div_uganda_districts "Bundibugyo" );; line 115190 (wfb::administrative_division_of uganda adm_div_uganda_districts "Bushenyi" );; line 115190 (wfb::administrative_division_of uganda adm_div_uganda_districts "Gulu" );; line 115190 (wfb::administrative_division_of uganda adm_div_uganda_districts "Hoima" );; line 115190 (wfb::administrative_division_of uganda adm_div_uganda_districts "Iganga" );; line 115190 (wfb::administrative_division_of uganda adm_div_uganda_districts "Jinja" );; line 115190 (wfb::administrative_division_of uganda adm_div_uganda_districts "Kabale" );; line 115190 (wfb::administrative_division_of uganda adm_div_uganda_districts "Kabarole" );; line 115190 (wfb::administrative_division_of uganda adm_div_uganda_districts "Kalangala" );; line 115190 (wfb::administrative_division_of uganda adm_div_uganda_districts "Kampala" );; line 115190 (wfb::administrative_division_of uganda adm_div_uganda_districts "Kamuli" );; line 115190 (wfb::administrative_division_of uganda adm_div_uganda_districts "Kapchorwa" );; line 115190 (wfb::administrative_division_of uganda adm_div_uganda_districts "Kasese" );; line 115190 (wfb::administrative_division_of uganda adm_div_uganda_districts "Kibale" );; line 115190 (wfb::administrative_division_of uganda adm_div_uganda_districts "Kiboga" );; line 115190 (wfb::administrative_division_of uganda adm_div_uganda_districts "Kisoro" );; line 115190 (wfb::administrative_division_of uganda adm_div_uganda_districts "Kitgum" );; line 115190 (wfb::administrative_division_of uganda adm_div_uganda_districts "Kotido" );; line 115190 (wfb::administrative_division_of uganda adm_div_uganda_districts "Kumi" );; line 115190 (wfb::administrative_division_of uganda adm_div_uganda_districts "Lira" );; line 115190 (wfb::administrative_division_of uganda adm_div_uganda_districts "Luwero" );; line 115190 (wfb::administrative_division_of uganda adm_div_uganda_districts "Masaka" );; line 115190 (wfb::administrative_division_of uganda adm_div_uganda_districts "Masindi" );; line 115190 (wfb::administrative_division_of uganda adm_div_uganda_districts "Mbale" );; line 115190 (wfb::administrative_division_of uganda adm_div_uganda_districts "Mbarara" );; line 115190 (wfb::administrative_division_of uganda adm_div_uganda_districts "Moroto" );; line 115190 (wfb::administrative_division_of uganda adm_div_uganda_districts "Moyo" );; line 115190 (wfb::administrative_division_of uganda adm_div_uganda_districts "Mpigi" );; line 115190 (wfb::administrative_division_of uganda adm_div_uganda_districts "Mubende" );; line 115190 (wfb::administrative_division_of uganda adm_div_uganda_districts "Mukono" );; line 115190 (wfb::administrative_division_of uganda adm_div_uganda_districts "Nebbi" );; line 115190 (wfb::administrative_division_of uganda adm_div_uganda_districts "Ntungamo" );; line 115190 (wfb::administrative_division_of uganda adm_div_uganda_districts "Pallisa" );; line 115190 (wfb::administrative_division_of uganda adm_div_uganda_districts "Rakai" );; line 115190 (wfb::administrative_division_of uganda adm_div_uganda_districts "Rukungiri" );; line 115190 (wfb::administrative_division_of uganda adm_div_uganda_districts "Sototi" );; line 115190 (wfb::administrative_division_of uganda adm_div_uganda_districts "Tororo" );; line 115190 (wfb::independence uganda date_9_oct_1962 "UK" );; line 115198 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1962 );; line 115202 (wfb::comment national_holiday uganda "1962" );; line 115202 (wfb::national_holiday uganda "Independence Day" date_9_oct );; line 115202 (wfb::constitution uganda "8 September 1967, in process of constitutional revision" );; line 115206 (wfb::legal_system uganda "government plans to restore system based on English common law and customary law and reinstitute a normal judicial system; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations" );; line 115210 (wfb::comment suffrage uganda " universal" );; line 115216 (wfb::suffrage uganda (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 115216 (wfb::comment executive_branch uganda chief_of_state "Vice President Dr. Specioza Wandira KAZIBWE (since 18 November 1994)" );; line 115221 (wfb::executive_branch uganda chief_of_state "President Lt. Gen. Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI " date_29_jan_1986 );; line 115221 (wfb::executive_branch uganda head_of_government "Prime Minister Kintu MUSOKE " date_18_nov_1994 );; line 115224 (wfb::comment executive_branch uganda cabinet "appointed by the president" );; line 115226 (wfb::executive_branch uganda cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 115226 (wfb::legislative_structure uganda unicameral n/a );; line 115230 (wfb::legislative_branch uganda "National Resistance Council" "elections last held 28 March 1993 (next to be held end of 1995); results - 284 non-partisan delegates elected to an interim Constituent Assembly with the principal task of writing a final draft of a new constitution for Uganda on the basis of which a regular Constituent Assembly will be elected" );; line 115232 (wfb::comment legislative_branch uganda "first free and fair election in 30 years is to be held by end of 1995" );; line 115237 (wfb::judicial_branch uganda "Court of Appeal, High Court" );; line 115242 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders uganda "only party - National Resistance Movement (NRM), Yoweri MUSEVENI" );; line 115246 (wfb::comment political_parties_and_leaders uganda "Ugandan People's Congress (UPC), Milton OBOTE; Democratic Party (DP), Paul SSEMOGEERE; and Conservative Party (CP), Joshua S. MAYANJA-NKANGI continue to exist but are all proscribed from conducting public political activities" );; line 115248 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups uganda "Lord's Resistance Army (LRA); Ruwenzori Movement" );; line 115255 (wfb::member_of uganda acp );; line 115259 (wfb::member_of uganda afdb );; line 115259 (wfb::member_of uganda c );; line 115259 (wfb::member_of uganda ccc );; line 115259 (wfb::member_of uganda eadb );; line 115259 (wfb::member_of uganda eca );; line 115259 (wfb::member_of uganda fao );; line 115259 (wfb::member_of uganda g-77 );; line 115259 (wfb::member_of uganda gatt );; line 115259 (wfb::member_of uganda iaea );; line 115259 (wfb::member_of uganda ibrd );; line 115259 (wfb::member_of uganda icao );; line 115259 (wfb::member_of uganda icftu );; line 115259 (wfb::member_of uganda icrm );; line 115259 (wfb::member_of uganda ida );; line 115259 (wfb::member_of uganda idb );; line 115259 (wfb::member_of uganda ifad );; line 115259 (wfb::member_of uganda ifc );; line 115259 (wfb::member_of uganda ifrcs );; line 115259 (wfb::member_of uganda igadd );; line 115259 (wfb::member_of uganda ilo );; line 115259 (wfb::member_of uganda imf );; line 115259 (wfb::member_of uganda intelsat );; line 115259 (wfb::member_of uganda interpol );; line 115259 (wfb::member_of uganda ioc );; line 115259 (wfb::member_of uganda iom );; line 115259 (wfb::member_of uganda iso );; line 115259 (wfb::comment member_of uganda iso "correspondent" );; line 115259 (wfb::member_of uganda itu );; line 115259 (wfb::member_of uganda nam );; line 115259 (wfb::member_of uganda oau );; line 115259 (wfb::member_of uganda oic );; line 115259 (wfb::member_of uganda pca );; line 115259 (wfb::member_of uganda un );; line 115259 (wfb::member_of uganda unctad );; line 115259 (wfb::member_of uganda unesco );; line 115259 (wfb::member_of uganda unhcr );; line 115259 (wfb::member_of uganda unido );; line 115259 (wfb::member_of uganda unitar );; line 115259 (wfb::member_of uganda upu );; line 115259 (wfb::member_of uganda wftu );; line 115259 (wfb::member_of uganda who );; line 115259 (wfb::member_of uganda wipo );; line 115259 (wfb::member_of uganda wmo );; line 115259 (wfb::member_of uganda wto );; line 115259 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us uganda chief_of_mission "Ambassador Stephen Kapimpina KATENTA-APULI" );; line 115267 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us uganda chancery "5911 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20011" );; line 115269 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us uganda telephone "[1] (202) 726-7100 through 7102, 0416" );; line 115271 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us uganda fax "[1] (202) 726-1727" );; line 115273 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation uganda chief_of_mission "Ambassador E. Michael SOUTHWICK" );; line 115278 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation uganda embassy "Parliament Avenue, Kampala" );; line 115280 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation uganda mailing_address "P. O. Box 7007, Kampala" );; line 115282 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation uganda telephone "[256] (41) 259792, 259793, 259795" );; line 115284 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation uganda fax "[256] (41) 259794" );; line 115286 (wfb::flag uganda "six equal horizontal bands of black (top), yellow, red, black, yellow, and red; a white disk is superimposed at the center and depicts a red-crested crane (the national symbol) facing the staff side" );; line 115290 (wfb::overview uganda "Uganda has substantial natural resources, including fertile soils, regular rainfall, and sizable mineral deposits of copper and cobalt. Agriculture is the most important sector of the economy, employing over 80% of the work force. Coffee is the major export crop and accounts for the bulk of export revenues. Since 1986 the government - with the support of foreign countries and international agencies - has acted to rehabilitate and stabilize the economy by undertaking currency reform, raising producer prices on export crops, increasing prices of petroleum products, and improving civil service wages. The policy changes are especially aimed at dampening inflation and boosting production and export earnings. In 1990-94, the economy turned in a solid performance based on continued investment in the rehabilitation of infrastructure, improved incentives for production and exports, and gradually improving domestic security. The economy again prospered in 1994 with rapid growth, low inflation, growing foreign investment, a trimmed bureaucracy, and the continued return of exiled Indian-Ugandan entrepreneurs." );; line 115297 (wfb::estimation-date national_product uganda date_1994 );; line 115315 (wfb::national_product uganda (* 16.2e9 $) );; line 115315 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate uganda date_1994 );; line 115319 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate uganda (* 6 %) );; line 115319 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita uganda date_1994 );; line 115323 (wfb::national_product_per_capita uganda (* 850 $) );; line 115323 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| uganda "5% (1994 est.)" );; line 115327 (wfb::unemployment_rate uganda (* n/a %) );; line 115331 (wfb::budget uganda revenues (* 365e6 $) );; line 115336 (wfb::estimation-date budget uganda date_1989 );; line 115338 (wfb::budget uganda expenditures (* 545e6 $) );; line 115338 (wfb::budget uganda capital_expenditures (* 165e6 $) );; line 115338 (wfb::exports uganda (* 237e6 $) );; line 115343 (wfb::exports uganda commodities coffee (* 97 %) );; line 115345 (wfb::exports uganda commodities cotton n/a );; line 115345 (wfb::exports uganda commodities tea n/a );; line 115345 (wfb::exports uganda partners us (* 25 %) );; line 115347 (wfb::exports uganda partners uk (* 18 %) );; line 115347 (wfb::exports uganda partners france (* 11 %) );; line 115347 (wfb::exports uganda partners spain (* 10 %) );; line 115347 (wfb::imports uganda (* 696e6 $) );; line 115351 (wfb::imports uganda commodities petroleum_products-commodity n/a );; line 115353 (wfb::imports uganda commodities machinery n/a );; line 115353 (wfb::imports uganda commodities cotton_piece_goods n/a );; line 115353 (wfb::imports uganda commodities metals n/a );; line 115353 (wfb::imports uganda commodities transportation_equipment n/a );; line 115353 (wfb::imports uganda commodities food n/a );; line 115353 (wfb::imports uganda partners kenya (* 25 %) );; line 115356 (wfb::imports uganda partners uk (* 14 %) );; line 115356 (wfb::imports uganda partners italy (* 13 %) );; line 115356 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt uganda date_1993 );; line 115360 (wfb::external_debt uganda (* 2.9e9 $) );; line 115360 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1992 );; line 115364 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production uganda date_1992 );; line 115364 (wfb::industrial_production uganda growth_rate (* 1.5 %) );; line 115364 (wfb::industrial_production uganda accounts_for (* 5 %_of_gdp) );; line 115364 (wfb::electricity uganda capacity (* 160000 kw) );; line 115369 (wfb::electricity uganda production (* 780e6 kwh) );; line 115371 (wfb::measurement-date electricity uganda consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 115373 (wfb::electricity uganda consumption_per_capita (* 32 kwh) );; line 115373 (wfb::industry uganda sugar );; line 115377 (wfb::industry uganda brewing );; line 115377 (wfb::industry uganda tobacco-industry );; line 115377 (wfb::industry uganda cotton_textiles );; line 115377 (wfb::industry uganda cement );; line 115377 (wfb::agriculture uganda "mainly subsistence; accounts for 57% of GDP and over 80% of labor force; cash crops - coffee, tea, cotton, tobacco; food crops - cassava, potatoes, corn, millet, pulses; livestock products - beef, goat meat, milk, poultry; self-sufficient in food" );; line 115381 (wfb::economic_aid uganda recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (1970-89), $145 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $1.4 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $60 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $169 million" );; line 115389 (wfb::abbreviation ugandan_shilling "USh" );; line 115396 (wfb::currency uganda ugandan_shilling 100 cents );; line 115396 (wfb::exchange_rates uganda "Ugandan shillings (USh) per US$1 - 1,195 (December 1994), 1,195.0 (1993), 1.133.8 (1992), 734.0 (1991), 428.85 (1990), 223.1 (1989)" );; line 115400 (wfb::fiscal_year uganda date_1_jul date_30_jun );; line 115405 (wfb::railroads uganda total "1,300 km single track" );; line 115411 (wfb::railroads uganda narrow_gauge "1,300 km 1.000-m-gauge" );; line 115413 (wfb::highways uganda total (* 26200 km) );; line 115418 (wfb::highways uganda paved (* 1970 km) );; line 115420 (wfb::highways uganda (union gravel crushed_stone ) (* 5849 km) );; line 115422 (wfb::highways uganda (union earth tracks ) (* 18381 km) );; line 115422 (wfb::inland_waterways uganda "Lake Victoria, Lake Albert, Lake Kyoga, Lake George, Lake Edward; Victoria Nile, Albert Nile; principal inland water ports are at Jinja and Port Bell, both on Lake Victoria" );; line 115426 (wfb::port uganda entebbe-uganda );; line 115432 (wfb::port uganda jinja-uganda );; line 115432 (wfb::port uganda port_bell-uganda );; line 115432 (wfb::merchant_marine uganda total "3 roll-on/roll-off cargo ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 5,091 GRT/NA DWT" );; line 115437 (wfb::airports uganda total 29 );; line 115443 (wfb::airports uganda |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 3 );; line 115445 (wfb::airports uganda |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 1 );; line 115447 (wfb::airports uganda with_paved_runways_under_914_m 9 );; line 115449 (wfb::airports uganda |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 115451 (wfb::airports uganda |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 6 );; line 115453 (wfb::airports uganda |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 9 );; line 115455 (wfb::telephone_system uganda "NA telephones; fair system" );; line 115460 (wfb::telephone_system uganda local "NA" );; line 115462 (wfb::telephone_system uganda intercity "microwave and radio communications stations" );; line 115464 (wfb::telephone_system uganda international "1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station" );; line 115466 (wfb::radio uganda broadcast_stations am 10 );; line 115471 (wfb::radio uganda broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 115471 (wfb::radio uganda broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 115471 (wfb::radio uganda radios n/a );; line 115473 (wfb::television uganda broadcast_stations 9 );; line 115478 (wfb::television uganda televisions n/a );; line 115480 (wfb::defense_branch uganda army_uganda );; line 115486 (wfb::defense_branch uganda navy_uganda );; line 115486 (wfb::defense_branch uganda air_wing_uganda );; line 115486 (wfb::manpower_availability uganda "males age 15-49 4,231,019; males fit for military service 2,298,654 (1995 est.)" );; line 115490 (wfb::for-fiscal-year defense_expenditures uganda 93 );; line 115495 (wfb::defense_expenditures uganda (* 55e6 $) );; line 115495 (wfb::markup-parameter figure ukraine "graphno=\"up.tif\"" );; line 115501 (wfb::location ukraine "Eastern Europe, bordering the Black Sea, between Poland and Russia" );; line 115505 (wfb::map_references ukraine "Commonwealth of Independent States - European States" );; line 115510 (wfb::area ukraine total_area (* 603700 sq_km) );; line 115515 (wfb::area ukraine land_area (* 603700 sq_km) );; line 115517 (wfb::area ukraine comparative_area "slightly smaller than Texas" );; line 115519 (wfb::borders ukraine total (* 4558 km) );; line 115523 (wfb::borders ukraine belarus (* 891 km) );; line 115523 (wfb::borders ukraine hungary (* 103 km) );; line 115523 (wfb::borders ukraine moldova (* 939 km) );; line 115523 (wfb::borders ukraine poland (* 428 km) );; line 115523 (wfb::borders ukraine |Romania (southwest)| (* 169 km) );; line 115523 (wfb::borders ukraine |Romania (west)| (* 362 km) );; line 115523 (wfb::borders ukraine russia (* 1576 km) );; line 115523 (wfb::borders ukraine slovakia (* 90 km) );; line 115523 (wfb::coastline ukraine (* 2782 km) );; line 115529 (wfb::maritime_claims ukraine territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 115538 (wfb::international_disputes ukraine "certain territory of Moldova and Ukraine - including Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina - are considered by Bucharest as historically a part of Romania" );; line 115542 (wfb::international_disputes ukraine "this territory was incorporated into the former Soviet Union following the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact in 1940" );; line 115542 (wfb::international_disputes ukraine "potential dispute with Russia over Crimea" );; line 115542 (wfb::international_disputes ukraine "has made no territorial claim in Antarctica (but has reserved the right to do so) and does not recognize the claims of any other nation" );; line 115542 (wfb::climate ukraine "temperate continental" );; line 115551 (wfb::climate ukraine "Mediterranean only on the southern Crimean coast" );; line 115551 (wfb::climate ukraine "precipitation disproportionately distributed, highest in west and north, lesser in east and southeast" );; line 115551 (wfb::climate ukraine "winters vary from cool along the Black Sea to cold farther inland" );; line 115551 (wfb::climate ukraine "summers are warm across the greater part of the country, hot in the south" );; line 115551 (wfb::terrain ukraine "most of Ukraine consists of fertile plains (steppes) and plateaux, mountains being found only in the west (the Carpathians), and in the Crimean Peninsula in the extreme south" );; line 115559 (wfb::natural-resource ukraine iron_ore );; line 115565 (wfb::natural-resource ukraine coal );; line 115565 (wfb::natural-resource ukraine manganese );; line 115565 (wfb::natural-resource ukraine natural_gas );; line 115565 (wfb::natural-resource ukraine oil-natural-resource );; line 115565 (wfb::natural-resource ukraine salt );; line 115565 (wfb::natural-resource ukraine sulphur );; line 115565 (wfb::natural-resource ukraine graphite );; line 115565 (wfb::natural-resource ukraine titanium );; line 115565 (wfb::natural-resource ukraine magnesium );; line 115565 (wfb::natural-resource ukraine kaolin );; line 115565 (wfb::natural-resource ukraine nickel );; line 115565 (wfb::natural-resource ukraine mercury );; line 115565 (wfb::natural-resource ukraine timber );; line 115565 (wfb::land_use ukraine arable_land (* 56 %) );; line 115571 (wfb::land_use ukraine permanent_crops (* 2 %) );; line 115573 (wfb::land_use ukraine meadows_and_pastures (* 12 %) );; line 115575 (wfb::land_use ukraine forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 115577 (wfb::land_use ukraine other (* 30 %) );; line 115579 (wfb::measurement-date irrigated_land ukraine date_1990 );; line 115583 (wfb::irrigated_land ukraine (* 26000 sq_km) );; line 115583 (wfb::environment ukraine current_issues "inadequate supplies of potable water" );; line 115588 (wfb::environment ukraine current_issues "air and water pollution" );; line 115588 (wfb::environment ukraine current_issues "deforestation" );; line 115588 (wfb::environment ukraine current_issues "radiation contamination in the northeast from 1986 accident at Chornobyl' Nuclear Power Plant" );; line 115588 (wfb::environment ukraine natural_hazards "NA" );; line 115592 (wfb::environment ukraine international_agreements "party to - Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Antarctic Treaty, Environmental Modification, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution" );; line 115594 (wfb::environment ukraine international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Law of the Sea" );; line 115594 (wfb::note ukraine "strategic position at the crossroads between Europe and Asia; second largest country in Europe" );; line 115602 (wfb::estimation-date population ukraine date_jul_1995 );; line 115609 (wfb::population ukraine 51867828 );; line 115609 (wfb::age_structure ukraine 0-14_years (* 21 %) );; line 115614 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex ukraine 0-14_years female 5217850 );; line 115614 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex ukraine 0-14_years male 5407450 );; line 115614 (wfb::age_structure ukraine 15-64_years (* 65 %) );; line 115616 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex ukraine 15-64_years female 17563924 );; line 115616 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex ukraine 15-64_years male 16334299 );; line 115616 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure ukraine 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 115618 (wfb::age_structure ukraine 65_years_and_over (* 14 %) );; line 115618 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex ukraine 65_years_and_over female 4976893 );; line 115618 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex ukraine 65_years_and_over male 2367412 );; line 115618 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate ukraine date_1995 );; line 115622 (wfb::population_growth_rate ukraine (* 0.04 %) );; line 115622 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate ukraine date_1995 );; line 115626 (wfb::birth_rate ukraine (* 12.31 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 115626 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate ukraine date_1995 );; line 115630 (wfb::death_rate ukraine (* 12.67 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 115630 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate ukraine date_1995 );; line 115634 (wfb::net_migration_rate ukraine (* 0.71 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 115634 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate ukraine date_1995 );; line 115638 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate ukraine (* 20.5 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 115638 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth ukraine total_population (* 70.11 years) );; line 115643 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth ukraine male (* 65.59 years) );; line 115645 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth ukraine female date_1995 );; line 115647 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth ukraine female (* 74.87 years) );; line 115647 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate ukraine date_1995 );; line 115651 (wfb::total_fertility_rate ukraine (* 1.81 children_born/woman) );; line 115651 (wfb::nationality ukraine noun "Ukrainian(s)" );; line 115656 (wfb::nationality ukraine adjective "Ukrainian" );; line 115658 (wfb::ethnic-entity ukraine ukrainian (* 73 %) );; line 115662 (wfb::ethnic-entity ukraine russian (* 22 %) );; line 115662 (wfb::ethnic-entity ukraine jewish-ethnic-entity (* 1 %) );; line 115662 (wfb::religion ukraine ukrainian_orthodox_-_moscow_patriarchate n/a );; line 115666 (wfb::religion ukraine ukrainian_orthodox_-_kiev_patriarchate n/a );; line 115666 (wfb::religion ukraine ukrainian_autocephalous_orthodox n/a );; line 115666 (wfb::religion ukraine ukrainian_catholic n/a );; line 115666 (wfb::religion ukraine protestant n/a );; line 115666 (wfb::religion ukraine jewish n/a );; line 115666 (wfb::language ukraine ukrainian-language-group n/a );; line 115672 (wfb::language ukraine russian-language-group n/a );; line 115672 (wfb::language ukraine romanian-language-group n/a );; line 115672 (wfb::language ukraine polish-language-group n/a );; line 115672 (wfb::language ukraine hungarian-language-group n/a );; line 115672 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition ukraine date_1989 );; line 115676 (wfb::literacy-condition ukraine "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 115676 (wfb::literacy ukraine total_population (* 98 %) );; line 115678 (wfb::literacy ukraine male (* 100 %) );; line 115680 (wfb::literacy ukraine female (* 97 %) );; line 115682 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force ukraine date_jan_1994 );; line 115686 (wfb::total_labor_force ukraine 23.55e6 );; line 115686 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force ukraine by_occupation date_1992 );; line 115688 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1992 );; line 115688 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation ukraine industry_and_construction (* 33 %) );; line 115688 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation ukraine agriculture_and_forestry (* 21 %) );; line 115688 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation ukraine health n/a );; line 115688 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation ukraine education n/a );; line 115688 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation ukraine culture (* 16 %) );; line 115688 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation ukraine trade_and_distribution (* 7 %) );; line 115688 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation ukraine transport_and_communication (* 7 %) );; line 115688 (wfb::names ukraine conventional_short_form "Ukraine" );; line 115698 (wfb::names ukraine local_short_form "Ukrayina" );; line 115702 (wfb::names ukraine former "Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic" );; line 115704 (wfb::digraph ukraine "UP" );; line 115708 (wfb::type ukraine "republic" );; line 115712 (wfb::comment capital ukraine "Kyyiv" );; line 115716 (wfb::capital ukraine kiev-ukraine );; line 115716 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_ukraine_oblasti "oblasti" "oblasti" "oblast'" );; line 115720 (wfb::administrative_divisions ukraine adm_div_ukraine_oblasti 24 );; line 115720 (wfb::administrative_division |adm_div_ukraine_autonomous republic (avtomnaya respublika),| "autonomous republic (avtomnaya respublika)," "n/a" "n/a" );; line 115720 (wfb::administrative_divisions ukraine |adm_div_ukraine_autonomous republic (avtomnaya respublika),| 1 );; line 115720 (wfb::comment administrative_divisions ukraine "names in parentheses are administrative centers when name differs from oblast' name" );; line 115732 (wfb::independence ukraine date_1_dec_1991 "Soviet Union" );; line 115737 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1991 );; line 115741 (wfb::comment national_holiday ukraine "1991" );; line 115741 (wfb::national_holiday ukraine "Independence Day" date_24_aug );; line 115741 (wfb::constitution ukraine "using 1978 pre-independence constitution; new constitution currently being drafted" );; line 115745 (wfb::legal_system ukraine "based on civil law system; no judicial review of legislative acts" );; line 115750 (wfb::comment suffrage ukraine " universal" );; line 115754 (wfb::suffrage ukraine (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 115754 (wfb::comment executive_branch ukraine chief_of_state "election last held 26 June and 10 July 1994 (next to be held NA 1999)" );; line 115759 (wfb::comment executive_branch ukraine chief_of_state "results - Leonid KUCHMA 52.15%, Leonid KRAVCHUK 45.06%" );; line 115759 (wfb::executive_branch ukraine chief_of_state "President Leonid D. KUCHMA " date_19_jul_1994 );; line 115759 (wfb::comment executive_branch ukraine head_of_government "First Deputy Prime Ministers Yevhen MARCHUK and Viktor PYNZENYK (since 31 October 1994) and six deputy prime ministers" );; line 115763 (wfb::executive_branch ukraine head_of_government "Acting Prime Minister Yeuben MARCHUK " date_3_mar_1995 );; line 115763 (wfb::comment executive_branch ukraine cabinet "appointed by the president and approved by the Supreme Council" );; line 115767 (wfb::executive_branch ukraine cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 115767 (wfb::comment executive_branch ukraine national_security_council "members include the president, prime minister, Ministers of Finance, Environment, Justice, Internal Affairs, Foreign Economic Relations, Economic and Foreign Affairs" );; line 115770 (wfb::comment executive_branch ukraine national_security_council "the NSC staff is tasked with developing national security policy on domestic and international matters and advising the president" );; line 115770 (wfb::executive_branch ukraine national_security_council "originally created in 1992, but signficantly revamped and strengthened under President KUCHMA" );; line 115770 (wfb::executive_branch ukraine presidential_administration "helps draft presidential edicts and provides policy support to the president" );; line 115777 (wfb::comment executive_branch ukraine council_of_regions "includes the Chairmen of Oblast and Kiev and Sevastopol City Supreme Councils" );; line 115780 (wfb::executive_branch ukraine council_of_regions "advisory body created by President KUCHMA in September 1994" );; line 115780 (wfb::legislative_structure ukraine unicameral n/a );; line 115785 (wfb::legislative_branch ukraine "Supreme Council" "elections last held 27 March 1994 with repeat elections continuing through December 1998 to fill empty seats (next to be held NA); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (450 total) Communists 91, Rukh 22, Agrarians 18, Socialists 15, Republicans 11, Congress of Ukrainian Nationalists 5, Labor 5, Party of Democratic Revival 4, Democrats 2, Social Democrats 2, Civil Congress 2, Conservative Republicans 1, Party of Economic Revival of Crimea 1, Christian Democrats 1, independents 225; note - 405 deputies have been elected; run-off elections for the remaining 45 seats to be held by December 1998" );; line 115787 (wfb::judicial_branch ukraine "joint commission formed in April 1995 to define a program of judicial reform by year-end" );; line 115799 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders ukraine "Green Party of Ukraine, Vitaliy KONONOV, leader; Liberal Party of Ukraine; Liberal Democratic Party of Ukraine, Volodymyr KLYMCHUK, chairman; Democratic Party of Ukraine, Volodymyr Oleksandrovych YAVORIVSKIY, chairman; People's Party of Ukraine, Leopol'd TABURYANSKYY, chairman; Peasants' Party of Ukraine, Serhiy DOVHRAN', chairman; Party of Democratic Rebirth (Revival) of Ukraine, Volodymyr FILENKO, chairman; Social Democratic Party of Ukraine, Yuriy VUZDUHAN, chairman; Socialist Party of Ukraine, Oleksandr MOROZ, chairman; Ukrainian Christian Democratic Party, Vitaliy ZHURAVSKYY, chairman; Ukrainian Conservative Republican Party, Stepan KHMARA, chairman; Ukrainian Labor Party, Valentyn LANDYK, chairman; Ukrainian Party of Justice, Mykhaylo HRECHKO, chairman; Ukrainian Peasants' Democratic Party, Serhiy PLACHINDA, chairman; Ukrainian Republican Party, Mykhaylo HORYN', chairman; Ukrainian National Conservative Party, Viktor RADIONOV, chairman; Ukrainian People's Movement for Restructuring (Rukh), Vyacheslav CHORNOVIL, chairman; Ukrainian Communist Party, Petr SYMONENKO; Agrarian Party; Congress of Ukrainian Nationalists, S. STESTKO; Civil Congress, O. BAZYLUK; Party of Economic Revival of Crimea; Democratic Party Of Ukraine, Serhiy DOVMAN', chairman" );; line 115804 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups ukraine "New Ukraine (Nova Ukrayina); Congress of National Democratic Forces" );; line 115824 (wfb::member_of ukraine bsec );; line 115829 (wfb::member_of ukraine ccc );; line 115829 (wfb::member_of ukraine ce );; line 115829 (wfb::comment member_of ukraine ce "guest" );; line 115829 (wfb::member_of ukraine cei );; line 115829 (wfb::comment member_of ukraine cei "associate members" );; line 115829 (wfb::member_of ukraine cis );; line 115829 (wfb::member_of ukraine ebrd );; line 115829 (wfb::member_of ukraine ece );; line 115829 (wfb::member_of ukraine iaea );; line 115829 (wfb::member_of ukraine ibrd );; line 115829 (wfb::member_of ukraine icao );; line 115829 (wfb::member_of ukraine icrm );; line 115829 (wfb::member_of ukraine ifc );; line 115829 (wfb::member_of ukraine ilo );; line 115829 (wfb::member_of ukraine imf );; line 115829 (wfb::member_of ukraine imo );; line 115829 (wfb::member_of ukraine inmarsat );; line 115829 (wfb::member_of ukraine intelsat );; line 115829 (wfb::comment member_of ukraine intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 115829 (wfb::member_of ukraine interpol );; line 115829 (wfb::member_of ukraine ioc );; line 115829 (wfb::member_of ukraine iom );; line 115829 (wfb::comment member_of ukraine iom "observer" );; line 115829 (wfb::member_of ukraine iso );; line 115829 (wfb::member_of ukraine itu );; line 115829 (wfb::member_of ukraine nacc );; line 115829 (wfb::member_of ukraine osce );; line 115829 (wfb::member_of ukraine pca );; line 115829 (wfb::member_of ukraine pfp );; line 115829 (wfb::member_of ukraine un );; line 115829 (wfb::member_of ukraine unctad );; line 115829 (wfb::member_of ukraine unesco );; line 115829 (wfb::member_of ukraine unido );; line 115829 (wfb::member_of ukraine unprofor );; line 115829 (wfb::member_of ukraine upu );; line 115829 (wfb::member_of ukraine who );; line 115829 (wfb::member_of ukraine wipo );; line 115829 (wfb::member_of ukraine wmo );; line 115829 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us ukraine chief_of_mission "Ambassador Yuriy SHCHERBAK" );; line 115837 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us ukraine chancery "3350 M Street NW, Washington, DC 20007" );; line 115839 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us ukraine telephone "[1] (202) 333-0606" );; line 115841 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us ukraine fax "[1] (202) 333-0817" );; line 115843 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us ukraine |consulate(s) general| "Chicago and New York" );; line 115845 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation ukraine chief_of_mission "Ambassador William Green MILLER" );; line 115850 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation ukraine embassy "10 Yuria Kotsyubinskovo, 252053 Kiev 53" );; line 115852 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation ukraine mailing_address "use embassy street address" );; line 115854 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation ukraine telephone "[7] (044) 244-73-49, 244-37-45" );; line 115856 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation ukraine fax "[7] (044) 244-73-50" );; line 115858 (wfb::flag ukraine "two equal horizontal bands of azure (top) and golden yellow represent grainfields under a blue sky" );; line 115862 (wfb::overview ukraine "After Russia, the Ukrainian republic was far and away the most important economic component of the former Soviet Union, producing more than three times the output of the next-ranking republic. Its fertile black soil generated more than one-fourth of Soviet agricultural output, and its farms provided substantial quantities of meat, milk, grain, and vegetables to other republics. Likewise, its diversified heavy industry supplied equipment and raw materials to industrial and mining sites in other regions of the former USSR. In early 1992, the Ukrainian government liberalized most prices and erected a legal framework for privatization, but widespread resistance to reform within the government and the legislature soon stalled reform efforts and led to some backtracking. Loose monetary and fiscal policies pushed inflation to hyperinflationary levels in late 1993. Greater monetary and fiscal restraint lowered inflation in 1994, but also contributed to an accelerated decline in industrial output. Since his election in July 1994, President KUCHMA has developed - and parliament has approved - a comprehensive economic reform program, maintained financial discipline, and reduced state controls over prices, the exchange rate, and foreign trade. Implementation of KUCHMA's economic agenda will encounter considerable resistance from parliament, entrenched bureaucrats, and industrial interests and will contribute to further declines in output and rising unemployment which will sorely test the government's ability to stay the course on reform in 1995." );; line 115868 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate ukraine date_1994 );; line 115897 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate ukraine (* -19 %) );; line 115897 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita ukraine date_1994 );; line 115901 (wfb::national_product_per_capita ukraine (* 3650 $) );; line 115901 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| ukraine "14% per month (1994)" );; line 115905 (wfb::budget ukraine revenues (* n/a $) );; line 115915 (wfb::budget ukraine expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 115917 (wfb::budget ukraine capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 115917 (wfb::measurement-date exports ukraine date_1994 );; line 115921 (wfb::exports ukraine (* 11.8e9 $) );; line 115921 (wfb::exports ukraine commodities coal-commodity n/a );; line 115923 (wfb::exports ukraine commodities electric_power-commodity n/a );; line 115923 (wfb::exports ukraine commodities ferrous_and_nonferrous_metals-commodity n/a );; line 115923 (wfb::exports ukraine commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 115923 (wfb::exports ukraine commodities machinery_and_transport_equipment n/a );; line 115923 (wfb::exports ukraine commodities grain n/a );; line 115923 (wfb::exports ukraine commodities meat n/a );; line 115923 (wfb::exports ukraine partners fsu_countries n/a );; line 115926 (wfb::exports ukraine partners china n/a );; line 115926 (wfb::exports ukraine partners italy n/a );; line 115926 (wfb::exports ukraine partners switzerland n/a );; line 115926 (wfb::measurement-date imports ukraine date_1994 );; line 115930 (wfb::imports ukraine (* 14.2e9 $) );; line 115930 (wfb::imports ukraine commodities energy n/a );; line 115932 (wfb::imports ukraine commodities machinery_and_parts n/a );; line 115932 (wfb::imports ukraine commodities transportation_equipment n/a );; line 115932 (wfb::imports ukraine commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 115932 (wfb::imports ukraine commodities textiles-commodity n/a );; line 115932 (wfb::imports ukraine partners fsu_countries n/a );; line 115935 (wfb::imports ukraine partners germany n/a );; line 115935 (wfb::imports ukraine partners poland n/a );; line 115935 (wfb::imports ukraine partners czech_republic n/a );; line 115935 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 115943 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production ukraine date_1994 );; line 115943 (wfb::industrial_production ukraine growth_rate (* -28 %) );; line 115943 (wfb::industrial_production ukraine accounts_for (* 50 %_of_gdp) );; line 115943 (wfb::electricity ukraine capacity (* 54380000 kw) );; line 115948 (wfb::electricity ukraine production (* 182e9 kwh) );; line 115950 (wfb::measurement-date electricity ukraine consumption_per_capita date_1994 );; line 115952 (wfb::electricity ukraine consumption_per_capita (* 3200 kwh) );; line 115952 (wfb::industry ukraine coal-industry );; line 115956 (wfb::industry ukraine electric_power );; line 115956 (wfb::industry ukraine ferrous_and_nonferrous_metals );; line 115956 (wfb::industry ukraine machinery_and_transport_equipment-industry );; line 115956 (wfb::industry ukraine chemicals );; line 115956 (wfb::industry ukraine |food-processing (especially sugar)| );; line 115956 (wfb::agriculture ukraine "accounts for about 25% of GDP; grain, vegetables, meat, milk, sugar beets" );; line 115961 (wfb::illicit_drugs ukraine "illicit cultivator of cannabis and opium poppy; mostly for CIS consumption; limited government eradication program; used as transshipment point for illicit drugs to Western Europe" );; line 115966 (wfb::economic_aid ukraine "$550 million economic aid and $350 million to help disassemble the atomic weapons from the US in 1994" );; line 115972 (wfb::comment currency ukraine "Ukrainian officials claim this is an interim move toward introducing a new currency - the hryvnya - possibly in mid-1995" );; line 115977 (wfb::exchange_rates ukraine "karbovantsi per 1$US - 107,900 (end December 1994), 130,000 (April 1994)" );; line 115984 (wfb::fiscal_year ukraine date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 115989 (wfb::railroads ukraine total "23,350 km" );; line 115995 (wfb::railroads ukraine broad_gauge "23,350 km 1.524-m gauge (8,600 km electrified)" );; line 115997 (wfb::highways ukraine total (* 273700 km) );; line 116002 (wfb::highways ukraine paved_and_graveled (* 236400 km) );; line 116004 (wfb::highways ukraine earth (* 37300 km) );; line 116006 (wfb::inland_waterways ukraine "1,672 km perennially navigable (Pryp''yat' and Dnipro Rivers)" );; line 116010 (wfb::measurement-date pipelines date_1992 );; line 116014 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 2010 km) );; line 116014 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 1920 km) );; line 116014 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 7800 km) );; line 116014 (wfb::port ukraine |Berdyans'k-ukraine| );; line 116019 (wfb::port ukraine |Illichivs'k-ukraine| );; line 116019 (wfb::port ukraine izmayil-ukraine );; line 116019 (wfb::port ukraine kerch-ukraine );; line 116019 (wfb::port ukraine kherson-ukraine );; line 116019 (wfb::port ukraine kiev-ukraine );; line 116019 (wfb::comment port ukraine kiev-ukraine "Kyyiv" );; line 116019 (wfb::port ukraine |Mariupol'-ukraine| );; line 116019 (wfb::port ukraine mykolayiv-ukraine );; line 116019 (wfb::port ukraine odesa-ukraine );; line 116019 (wfb::port ukraine pivdenne-ukraine );; line 116019 (wfb::port ukraine reni-ukraine );; line 116019 (wfb::merchant_marine ukraine total "379 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 3,799,253 GRT/5,071,175 DWT" );; line 116025 (wfb::merchant_marine ukraine ships_by_type "barge carrier 7, bulk 55, cargo 221, chemical tanker 2, container 20, multifunction large-load carrier 1, oil tanker 10, passenger 12, passenger-cargo 5, railcar carrier 2, refrigerated cargo 5, roll-on/roll-off cargo 32, short-sea passenger 7" );; line 116028 (wfb::airports ukraine total 706 );; line 116036 (wfb::airports ukraine |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 14 );; line 116038 (wfb::airports ukraine |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 55 );; line 116040 (wfb::airports ukraine |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 34 );; line 116042 (wfb::airports ukraine |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 3 );; line 116044 (wfb::airports ukraine with_paved_runways_under_914_m 57 );; line 116046 (wfb::airports ukraine |with unpaved runways over 3,047 m| 7 );; line 116048 (wfb::airports ukraine |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 7 );; line 116050 (wfb::airports ukraine |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 16 );; line 116052 (wfb::airports ukraine |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 37 );; line 116054 (wfb::airports ukraine with_unpaved_runways_under_914_m 476 );; line 116056 (wfb::telephone_system ukraine "7,886,000 telephone circuits; about 151.4 telephone circuits/1,000 persons (1991); the telephone system is inadequate both for business and for personal use; 3.56 million applications for telephones had not been satisfied as of January 1991; electronic mail services have been established in Kiev, Odesa, and Luhans'k by Sprint" );; line 116061 (wfb::telephone_system ukraine local "an NMT-450 analog cellular telephone network operates in Kiev (Kyyiv) and allows direct dialing of international calls through Kiev's EWSD digital exchange" );; line 116067 (wfb::telephone_system ukraine intercity "NA" );; line 116071 (wfb::telephone_system ukraine international "calls to other CIS countries are carried by land line or microwave; other international calls to 167 countries are carried by satellite or by the 150 leased lines through the Moscow gateway switch; INTELSAT, INMARSAT, and Intersputnik earth stations" );; line 116073 (wfb::radio ukraine radios 15e6 );; line 116083 (wfb::television ukraine broadcast_stations n/a );; line 116088 (wfb::television ukraine televisions 20e6 );; line 116090 (wfb::defense_branch ukraine army_ukraine );; line 116096 (wfb::defense_branch ukraine navy_ukraine );; line 116096 (wfb::defense_branch ukraine air_and_air_defense_forces_ukraine );; line 116096 (wfb::comment defense_branch ukraine republic_security_forces_ukraine "internal and border troops" );; line 116096 (wfb::defense_branch ukraine republic_security_forces_ukraine );; line 116096 (wfb::defense_branch ukraine national_guard_ukraine );; line 116096 (wfb::manpower_availability ukraine "males age 15-49 12,324,832; males fit for military service 9,667,642; males reach military age (18) annually 359,546 (1995 est.)" );; line 116101 (wfb::markup-parameter figure united_arab_emirates "graphno=\"tc.tif\"" );; line 116114 (wfb::location united_arab_emirates "Middle East, bordering the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf, between Oman and Saudi Arabia" );; line 116118 (wfb::map_references united_arab_emirates "Middle East" );; line 116123 (wfb::area united_arab_emirates total_area (* 75581 sq_km) );; line 116128 (wfb::area united_arab_emirates land_area (* 75581 sq_km) );; line 116130 (wfb::area united_arab_emirates comparative_area "slightly smaller than Maine" );; line 116132 (wfb::borders united_arab_emirates total (* 867 km) );; line 116136 (wfb::borders united_arab_emirates oman (* 410 km) );; line 116136 (wfb::borders united_arab_emirates saudi_arabia (* 457 km) );; line 116136 (wfb::coastline united_arab_emirates (* 1318 km) );; line 116140 (wfb::maritime_claims united_arab_emirates contiguous_zone (* 24 nm) );; line 116145 (wfb::maritime_claims united_arab_emirates exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 116149 (wfb::maritime_claims united_arab_emirates territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 116151 (wfb::international_disputes united_arab_emirates "location and status of boundary with Saudi Arabia is not final" );; line 116155 (wfb::international_disputes united_arab_emirates "no defined boundary with most of Oman, but Administrative Line in far north" );; line 116155 (wfb::international_disputes united_arab_emirates "claims two islands in the Persian Gulf occupied by Iran (Jazireh-ye Tonb-e Bozorg or Greater Tunb, and Jazireh-ye Tonb-e Kuchek or Lesser Tunb)" );; line 116155 (wfb::international_disputes united_arab_emirates "claims island in the Persian Gulf jointly administered with Iran (Jazireh-ye Abu Musa or Abu Musa)" );; line 116155 (wfb::international_disputes united_arab_emirates "in 1992, the dispute over Abu Musa and the Tunb islands became more acute when Iran unilaterally tried to control the entry of third country nationals into the UAE portion of Abu Musa island, Tehran subsequently backed off in the face of significant diplomatic support for the UAE in the region" );; line 116155 (wfb::climate united_arab_emirates "desert" );; line 116168 (wfb::climate united_arab_emirates "cooler in eastern mountains" );; line 116168 (wfb::terrain united_arab_emirates "flat, barren coastal plain merging into rolling sand dunes of vast desert wasteland" );; line 116172 (wfb::terrain united_arab_emirates "mountains in east" );; line 116172 (wfb::natural-resource united_arab_emirates petroleum );; line 116177 (wfb::natural-resource united_arab_emirates natural_gas );; line 116177 (wfb::land_use united_arab_emirates arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 116182 (wfb::land_use united_arab_emirates permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 116184 (wfb::land_use united_arab_emirates meadows_and_pastures (* 2 %) );; line 116186 (wfb::land_use united_arab_emirates forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 116188 (wfb::land_use united_arab_emirates other (* 98 %) );; line 116190 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land united_arab_emirates date_1989 );; line 116194 (wfb::irrigated_land united_arab_emirates (* 50 sq_km) );; line 116194 (wfb::environment united_arab_emirates current_issues "lack of natural freshwater resources being overcome by desalination plants" );; line 116199 (wfb::environment united_arab_emirates current_issues "desertification" );; line 116199 (wfb::environment united_arab_emirates current_issues "beach pollution from oil spills" );; line 116199 (wfb::environment united_arab_emirates natural_hazards "frequent sand and dust storms" );; line 116202 (wfb::environment united_arab_emirates international_agreements "party to - Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection" );; line 116204 (wfb::environment united_arab_emirates international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Law of the Sea" );; line 116204 (wfb::note united_arab_emirates "strategic location along southern approaches to Strait of Hormuz, a vital transit point for world crude oil" );; line 116210 (wfb::estimation-date population united_arab_emirates date_jul_1995 );; line 116217 (wfb::population united_arab_emirates 2924594 );; line 116217 (wfb::age_structure united_arab_emirates 0-14_years (* 35 %) );; line 116222 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex united_arab_emirates 0-14_years female 499559 );; line 116222 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex united_arab_emirates 0-14_years male 521415 );; line 116222 (wfb::age_structure united_arab_emirates 15-64_years (* 64 %) );; line 116224 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex united_arab_emirates 15-64_years female 643819 );; line 116224 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex united_arab_emirates 15-64_years male 1229730 );; line 116224 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure united_arab_emirates 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 116226 (wfb::age_structure united_arab_emirates 65_years_and_over (* 1 %) );; line 116226 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex united_arab_emirates 65_years_and_over female 10296 );; line 116226 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex united_arab_emirates 65_years_and_over male 19775 );; line 116226 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate united_arab_emirates date_1995 );; line 116230 (wfb::population_growth_rate united_arab_emirates (* 4.55 %) );; line 116230 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate united_arab_emirates date_1995 );; line 116234 (wfb::birth_rate united_arab_emirates (* 27.02 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 116234 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate united_arab_emirates date_1995 );; line 116238 (wfb::death_rate united_arab_emirates (* 3.03 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 116238 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate united_arab_emirates date_1995 );; line 116242 (wfb::net_migration_rate united_arab_emirates (* 21.53 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 116242 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate united_arab_emirates date_1995 );; line 116246 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate united_arab_emirates (* 21 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 116246 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth united_arab_emirates total_population (* 72.51 years) );; line 116251 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth united_arab_emirates male (* 70.42 years) );; line 116253 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth united_arab_emirates female date_1995 );; line 116255 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth united_arab_emirates female (* 74.71 years) );; line 116255 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate united_arab_emirates date_1995 );; line 116259 (wfb::total_fertility_rate united_arab_emirates (* 4.53 children_born/woman) );; line 116259 (wfb::nationality united_arab_emirates noun "Emirian(s)" );; line 116264 (wfb::nationality united_arab_emirates adjective "Emirian" );; line 116266 (wfb::measurement-date ethnic-entity date_1982 );; line 116270 (wfb::ethnic-entity united_arab_emirates emirian (* 19 %) );; line 116270 (wfb::ethnic-entity united_arab_emirates south_asian (* 50 %) );; line 116270 (wfb::comment ethnic_divisions united_arab_emirates "less than 20% are UAE citizens (1982)" );; line 116273 (wfb::comment religion "Shi'a 16%" );; line 116277 (wfb::religion united_arab_emirates muslim (* 96 %) );; line 116277 (wfb::language united_arab_emirates arabic n/a );; line 116281 (wfb::comment language united_arab_emirates arabic "official" );; line 116281 (wfb::language united_arab_emirates persian-language-group n/a );; line 116281 (wfb::language united_arab_emirates english n/a );; line 116281 (wfb::language united_arab_emirates hindi n/a );; line 116281 (wfb::language united_arab_emirates urdu n/a );; line 116281 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition united_arab_emirates date_1985 );; line 116285 (wfb::literacy-condition united_arab_emirates "age 15 and over can read and write but definition of literary not available" );; line 116285 (wfb::literacy united_arab_emirates total_population (* 71 %) );; line 116288 (wfb::literacy united_arab_emirates male (* 72 %) );; line 116290 (wfb::literacy united_arab_emirates female (* 69 %) );; line 116292 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force united_arab_emirates date_1986 );; line 116296 (wfb::total_labor_force united_arab_emirates 580000 );; line 116296 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation united_arab_emirates industry_and_commerce (* 85 %) );; line 116298 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation united_arab_emirates agriculture (* 5 %) );; line 116298 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation united_arab_emirates services (* 5 %) );; line 116298 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation united_arab_emirates government (* 5 %) );; line 116298 (wfb::comment labor_force united_arab_emirates "80% of labor force is foreign (est.)" );; line 116301 (wfb::names united_arab_emirates conventional_long_form "United Arab Emirates" );; line 116307 (wfb::names united_arab_emirates local_long_form "Al Imarata al Arabiyah al Muttahidah" );; line 116311 (wfb::names united_arab_emirates former "Trucial States" );; line 116315 (wfb::abbreviation united_arab_emirates "UAE" );; line 116319 (wfb::digraph united_arab_emirates "TC" );; line 116323 (wfb::type united_arab_emirates "federation with specified powers delegated to the UAE central government and other powers reserved to member emirates" );; line 116327 (wfb::capital united_arab_emirates abu_dhabi-united_arab_emirates );; line 116332 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_united_arab_emirates_emirates "emirates" "imarat" "imarah" );; line 116336 (wfb::administrative_divisions united_arab_emirates adm_div_united_arab_emirates_emirates 7 );; line 116336 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_arab_emirates adm_div_united_arab_emirates_emirates "Abu Zaby (Abu Dhabi)" );; line 116336 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_arab_emirates adm_div_united_arab_emirates_emirates "'Ajman" );; line 116336 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_arab_emirates adm_div_united_arab_emirates_emirates "Al Fujayrah" );; line 116336 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_arab_emirates adm_div_united_arab_emirates_emirates "Dubai" );; line 116336 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_arab_emirates adm_div_united_arab_emirates_emirates "Ra's al Khaymah" );; line 116336 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_arab_emirates adm_div_united_arab_emirates_emirates "Sharjah" );; line 116336 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_arab_emirates adm_div_united_arab_emirates_emirates "Umm al Qaywayn" );; line 116336 (wfb::independence united_arab_emirates date_2_dec_1971 "UK" );; line 116341 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1971 );; line 116345 (wfb::comment national_holiday united_arab_emirates "1971" );; line 116345 (wfb::national_holiday united_arab_emirates "National Day" date_2_dec );; line 116345 (wfb::constitution united_arab_emirates "2 December 1971 (provisional)" );; line 116349 (wfb::legal_system united_arab_emirates "secular codes are being introduced by the UAE Government and in several member emirates; Islamic law remains influential" );; line 116353 (wfb::comment executive_branch united_arab_emirates chief_of_state "Vice President Shaykh MAKTUM bin Rashid al-Maktum (since 8 October 1990), ruler of Dubayy" );; line 116363 (wfb::comment executive_branch united_arab_emirates chief_of_state ", ruler of Abu Dhabi" );; line 116363 (wfb::executive_branch united_arab_emirates chief_of_state "President ZAYID bin Sultan Al Nuhayyan " date_2_dec_1971 );; line 116363 (wfb::comment executive_branch united_arab_emirates head_of_government "Deputy Prime Minister SULTAN bin Zayid Al Nuhayyan (since 20 November 1990)" );; line 116367 (wfb::comment executive_branch united_arab_emirates head_of_government ", ruler of Dubayy" );; line 116367 (wfb::executive_branch united_arab_emirates head_of_government "Prime Minister Shaykh MAKTUM bin Rashid al-Maktum " date_8_oct_1990 );; line 116367 (wfb::comment executive_branch united_arab_emirates supreme_council_of_rulers "establishes general policies and sanctions federal legislation, Abu Dhabi and Dubayy rulers have veto power" );; line 116371 (wfb::comment executive_branch united_arab_emirates supreme_council_of_rulers "council meets four times a year" );; line 116371 (wfb::executive_branch united_arab_emirates supreme_council_of_rulers "composed of the seven emirate rulers, the council is the highest constitutional authority in the UAE" );; line 116371 (wfb::comment executive_branch united_arab_emirates cabinet "appointed by the president" );; line 116376 (wfb::executive_branch united_arab_emirates cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 116376 (wfb::judicial_branch united_arab_emirates "Union Supreme Court" );; line 116385 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders united_arab_emirates "none" );; line 116389 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups united_arab_emirates "NA" );; line 116393 (wfb::member_of united_arab_emirates abeda );; line 116397 (wfb::member_of united_arab_emirates afesd );; line 116397 (wfb::member_of united_arab_emirates al );; line 116397 (wfb::member_of united_arab_emirates amf );; line 116397 (wfb::member_of united_arab_emirates caeu );; line 116397 (wfb::member_of united_arab_emirates ccc );; line 116397 (wfb::member_of united_arab_emirates escwa );; line 116397 (wfb::member_of united_arab_emirates fao );; line 116397 (wfb::member_of united_arab_emirates g-77 );; line 116397 (wfb::member_of united_arab_emirates gatt );; line 116397 (wfb::member_of united_arab_emirates gcc );; line 116397 (wfb::member_of united_arab_emirates iaea );; line 116397 (wfb::member_of united_arab_emirates ibrd );; line 116397 (wfb::member_of united_arab_emirates icao );; line 116397 (wfb::member_of united_arab_emirates icrm );; line 116397 (wfb::member_of united_arab_emirates ida );; line 116397 (wfb::member_of united_arab_emirates idb );; line 116397 (wfb::member_of united_arab_emirates ifad );; line 116397 (wfb::member_of united_arab_emirates ifc );; line 116397 (wfb::member_of united_arab_emirates ifrcs );; line 116397 (wfb::member_of united_arab_emirates ilo );; line 116397 (wfb::member_of united_arab_emirates imf );; line 116397 (wfb::member_of united_arab_emirates imo );; line 116397 (wfb::member_of united_arab_emirates inmarsat );; line 116397 (wfb::member_of united_arab_emirates intelsat );; line 116397 (wfb::member_of united_arab_emirates interpol );; line 116397 (wfb::member_of united_arab_emirates ioc );; line 116397 (wfb::member_of united_arab_emirates iso );; line 116397 (wfb::comment member_of united_arab_emirates iso "correspondent" );; line 116397 (wfb::member_of united_arab_emirates itu );; line 116397 (wfb::member_of united_arab_emirates nam );; line 116397 (wfb::member_of united_arab_emirates oapec );; line 116397 (wfb::member_of united_arab_emirates oic );; line 116397 (wfb::member_of united_arab_emirates opec );; line 116397 (wfb::member_of united_arab_emirates un );; line 116397 (wfb::member_of united_arab_emirates unctad );; line 116397 (wfb::member_of united_arab_emirates unesco );; line 116397 (wfb::member_of united_arab_emirates unido );; line 116397 (wfb::member_of united_arab_emirates upu );; line 116397 (wfb::member_of united_arab_emirates who );; line 116397 (wfb::member_of united_arab_emirates wipo );; line 116397 (wfb::member_of united_arab_emirates wmo );; line 116397 (wfb::member_of united_arab_emirates wto );; line 116397 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us united_arab_emirates chief_of_mission "Ambassador Muhammad bin Husayn al-SHAALI" );; line 116405 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us united_arab_emirates chancery "Suite 600, 3000 K Street NW, Washington, DC 20007" );; line 116407 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us united_arab_emirates telephone "[1] (202) 338-6500" );; line 116409 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation united_arab_emirates chief_of_mission "Ambassador William A. RUGH" );; line 116414 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation united_arab_emirates embassy "Al-Sudan Street, Abu Dhabi" );; line 116416 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation united_arab_emirates mailing_address "P. O. Box 4009, Abu Dhabi; American Embassy Abu Dhabi, Department of State, Washington, DC 20521-6010 (pouch)" );; line 116418 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation united_arab_emirates telephone "[971] (2) 436691, 436692" );; line 116421 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation united_arab_emirates fax "[971] (2) 434771" );; line 116423 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation united_arab_emirates |consulate(s) general| "Dubayy (Dubai)" );; line 116425 (wfb::flag united_arab_emirates "three equal horizontal bands of green (top), white, and black with a thicker vertical red band on the hoist side" );; line 116429 (wfb::overview united_arab_emirates "The UAE has an open economy with one of the world's highest incomes per capita and with a sizable annual trade surplus. Its wealth is based on oil and gas output (about 40% of GDP), and the fortunes of the economy fluctuate with the prices of those commodities. Since 1973, the UAE has undergone a profound transformation from an impoverished region of small desert principalities to a modern state with a high standard of living. At present levels of production, crude oil reserves should last for over 100 years. Although much stronger economically than most Gulf states, the UAE faces similar problems with weak international oil prices and the pressures for cuts in OPEC oil production quotas. The UAE government is encouraging increased privatization within the economy." );; line 116435 (wfb::estimation-date national_product united_arab_emirates date_1994 );; line 116449 (wfb::national_product united_arab_emirates (* 62.7e9 $) );; line 116449 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate united_arab_emirates date_1994 );; line 116453 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate united_arab_emirates (* -0.5 %) );; line 116453 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita united_arab_emirates date_1994 );; line 116457 (wfb::national_product_per_capita united_arab_emirates (* 22480 $) );; line 116457 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| united_arab_emirates "5.1% (1994 est.)" );; line 116461 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate united_arab_emirates date_1988 );; line 116465 (wfb::budget united_arab_emirates revenues (* 4.3e9 $) );; line 116470 (wfb::estimation-date budget united_arab_emirates date_1993 );; line 116472 (wfb::budget united_arab_emirates expenditures (* 4.8e9 $) );; line 116472 (wfb::budget united_arab_emirates capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 116472 (wfb::exports united_arab_emirates (* 24e9 $) );; line 116476 (wfb::exports united_arab_emirates commodities crude_oil (* 66 %) );; line 116478 (wfb::exports united_arab_emirates commodities natural_gas-commodity n/a );; line 116478 (wfb::exports united_arab_emirates commodities re-exports n/a );; line 116478 (wfb::exports united_arab_emirates commodities dried_fish n/a );; line 116478 (wfb::exports united_arab_emirates commodities dates n/a );; line 116478 (wfb::measurement-date exports united_arab_emirates date_1993 );; line 116480 (wfb::exports united_arab_emirates partners japan (* 35 %) );; line 116480 (wfb::exports united_arab_emirates partners south_korea (* 5 %) );; line 116480 (wfb::exports united_arab_emirates partners iran (* 4 %) );; line 116480 (wfb::exports united_arab_emirates partners oman (* 4 %) );; line 116480 (wfb::exports united_arab_emirates partners singapore (* 4 %) );; line 116480 (wfb::imports united_arab_emirates (* 20e9 $) );; line 116484 (wfb::imports united_arab_emirates commodities manufactured_goods n/a );; line 116486 (wfb::imports united_arab_emirates commodities machinery_and_transport_equipment n/a );; line 116486 (wfb::imports united_arab_emirates commodities food n/a );; line 116486 (wfb::measurement-date imports united_arab_emirates date_1993 );; line 116488 (wfb::imports united_arab_emirates partners japan (* 12 %) );; line 116488 (wfb::imports united_arab_emirates partners uk (* 10 %) );; line 116488 (wfb::imports united_arab_emirates partners us (* 9 %) );; line 116488 (wfb::imports united_arab_emirates partners germany (* 7 %) );; line 116488 (wfb::imports united_arab_emirates partners south_korea (* 5 %) );; line 116488 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt united_arab_emirates date_1994 );; line 116492 (wfb::external_debt united_arab_emirates (* 11.6e9 $) );; line 116492 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1992 );; line 116496 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production united_arab_emirates date_1992 );; line 116496 (wfb::industrial_production united_arab_emirates growth_rate (* 1.7 %) );; line 116496 (wfb::industrial_production united_arab_emirates accounts_for (* 50 %_of_gdp) );; line 116496 (wfb::electricity united_arab_emirates capacity (* 4760000 kw) );; line 116502 (wfb::electricity united_arab_emirates production (* 16.5e9 kwh) );; line 116504 (wfb::measurement-date electricity united_arab_emirates consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 116506 (wfb::electricity united_arab_emirates consumption_per_capita (* 5796 kwh) );; line 116506 (wfb::industry united_arab_emirates petroleum-industry );; line 116510 (wfb::industry united_arab_emirates fishing-industry );; line 116510 (wfb::industry united_arab_emirates petrochemicals );; line 116510 (wfb::industry united_arab_emirates construction_materials-industry );; line 116510 (wfb::industry united_arab_emirates some_boat_building );; line 116510 (wfb::industry united_arab_emirates handicrafts );; line 116510 (wfb::industry united_arab_emirates pearling );; line 116510 (wfb::agriculture united_arab_emirates "accounts for 2% of GDP and 5% of labor force; cash crop - dates; food products - vegetables, watermelons, poultry, eggs, dairy, fish; only 25% self-sufficient in food" );; line 116515 (wfb::illicit_drugs united_arab_emirates "growing role as heroin transshipment and money-laundering center" );; line 116521 (wfb::economic_aid united_arab_emirates donor "pledged in bilateral aid to less developed countries (1979-89) $9.1 billion" );; line 116526 (wfb::abbreviation emirian_dirham "Dh" );; line 116531 (wfb::currency united_arab_emirates emirian_dirham 100 fils );; line 116531 (wfb::exchange_rates united_arab_emirates "Emirian dirhams (Dh) per US$1 - 3.6710 (fixed rate)" );; line 116535 (wfb::fiscal_year united_arab_emirates date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 116539 (wfb::railroads united_arab_emirates "0 km" );; line 116544 (wfb::highways united_arab_emirates total (* 2000 km) );; line 116549 (wfb::highways united_arab_emirates paved (* 1800 km) );; line 116551 (wfb::highways united_arab_emirates (union gravel graded_earth ) (* 200 km) );; line 116553 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 830 km) );; line 116557 (wfb::pipelines |natural gas, including natural gas liquids,| (* 870 km) );; line 116557 (wfb::port united_arab_emirates ajman-united_arab_emirates );; line 116562 (wfb::port united_arab_emirates al_fujayrah-united_arab_emirates );; line 116562 (wfb::port united_arab_emirates das_island-united_arab_emirates );; line 116562 (wfb::port united_arab_emirates khawr_fakkan-united_arab_emirates );; line 116562 (wfb::port united_arab_emirates |Mina' Jabal' Ali-united_arab_emirates| );; line 116562 (wfb::port united_arab_emirates |Mina' Khalid-united_arab_emirates| );; line 116562 (wfb::port united_arab_emirates |Mina' Rashid-united_arab_emirates| );; line 116562 (wfb::port united_arab_emirates |Mina' Saqr-united_arab_emirates| );; line 116562 (wfb::port united_arab_emirates |Mina' Zayid-united_arab_emirates| );; line 116562 (wfb::port united_arab_emirates umm_al_qiwain-united_arab_emirates );; line 116562 (wfb::merchant_marine united_arab_emirates total "57 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,128,253 GRT/1,938,770 DWT" );; line 116568 (wfb::merchant_marine united_arab_emirates ships_by_type "bulk 1, cargo 18, chemical tanker 1, container 10, liquefied gas tanker 1, livestock carrier 1, oil tanker 21, refrigerated cargo 1, roll-on/roll-off cargo 3" );; line 116570 (wfb::airports united_arab_emirates total 41 );; line 116577 (wfb::airports united_arab_emirates |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 9 );; line 116579 (wfb::airports united_arab_emirates |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 3 );; line 116581 (wfb::airports united_arab_emirates |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 2 );; line 116583 (wfb::airports united_arab_emirates |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 3 );; line 116585 (wfb::airports united_arab_emirates with_paved_runways_under_914_m 12 );; line 116587 (wfb::airports united_arab_emirates |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 116589 (wfb::airports united_arab_emirates |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 3 );; line 116591 (wfb::airports united_arab_emirates |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 8 );; line 116593 (wfb::telephone_system united_arab_emirates "386,600 telephones; modern system consisting of microwave and coaxial cable; key centers are Abu Dhabi and Dubayy" );; line 116598 (wfb::telephone_system united_arab_emirates local "NA" );; line 116601 (wfb::telephone_system united_arab_emirates intercity "microwave and coaxial cable" );; line 116603 (wfb::telephone_system united_arab_emirates international "3 INTELSAT (1 Atlantic Ocean and 2 Indian Ocean) and 1 ARABSAT earth station; submarine cables to Qatar, Bahrain, India, and Pakistan; tropospheric scatter to Bahrain; microwave radio relay to Saudi Arabia" );; line 116605 (wfb::radio united_arab_emirates broadcast_stations am 8 );; line 116612 (wfb::radio united_arab_emirates broadcast_stations fm 3 );; line 116612 (wfb::radio united_arab_emirates broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 116612 (wfb::radio united_arab_emirates radios n/a );; line 116614 (wfb::television united_arab_emirates broadcast_stations 12 );; line 116619 (wfb::television united_arab_emirates televisions n/a );; line 116621 (wfb::defense_branch united_arab_emirates army_united_arab_emirates );; line 116627 (wfb::defense_branch united_arab_emirates navy_united_arab_emirates );; line 116627 (wfb::defense_branch united_arab_emirates air_force_united_arab_emirates );; line 116627 (wfb::comment defense_branch united_arab_emirates paramilitary_united_arab_emirates "includes Federal Police Force" );; line 116627 (wfb::defense_branch united_arab_emirates paramilitary_united_arab_emirates );; line 116627 (wfb::manpower_availability united_arab_emirates "males age 15-49 1,072,261; males fit for military service 583,967; males reach military age (18) annually 19,266 (1995 est.)" );; line 116632 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures united_arab_emirates date_1994 );; line 116637 (wfb::defense_expenditures united_arab_emirates (* 1.59e9 $) );; line 116637 (wfb::defense_expenditures united_arab_emirates (* 4.3 %_of_gdp) );; line 116637 (wfb::markup-parameter figure united_kingdom "graphno=\"uk.tif\"" );; line 116643 (wfb::location united_kingdom "Western Europe, islands including the northern one-sixth of the island of Ireland between the North Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea, northwest of France" );; line 116647 (wfb::map_references united_kingdom "Europe" );; line 116653 (wfb::area united_kingdom total_area (* 244820 sq_km) );; line 116658 (wfb::area united_kingdom land_area (* 241590 sq_km) );; line 116660 (wfb::area united_kingdom comparative_area "slightly smaller than Oregon" );; line 116662 (wfb::comment area united_kingdom "includes Rockall and Shetland Islands" );; line 116664 (wfb::borders united_kingdom total (* 360 km) );; line 116668 (wfb::borders united_kingdom ireland (* 360 km) );; line 116668 (wfb::coastline united_kingdom (* 12429 km) );; line 116672 (wfb::maritime_claims united_kingdom exclusive_fishing_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 116680 (wfb::maritime_claims united_kingdom territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 116682 (wfb::international_disputes united_kingdom "Northern Ireland question with Ireland" );; line 116686 (wfb::international_disputes united_kingdom "Gibraltar question with Spain" );; line 116686 (wfb::international_disputes united_kingdom "Argentina claims Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)" );; line 116686 (wfb::international_disputes united_kingdom "Argentina claims South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" );; line 116686 (wfb::international_disputes united_kingdom "Mauritius claims island of Diego Garcia in British Indian Ocean Territory" );; line 116686 (wfb::international_disputes united_kingdom "Rockall continental shelf dispute involving Denmark, Iceland, and Ireland (Ireland and the UK have signed a boundary agreement in the Rockall area)" );; line 116686 (wfb::international_disputes united_kingdom "territorial claim in Antarctica (British Antarctic Territory)" );; line 116686 (wfb::climate united_kingdom "temperate" );; line 116696 (wfb::climate united_kingdom "moderated by prevailing southwest winds over the North Atlantic Current" );; line 116696 (wfb::climate united_kingdom "more than half of the days are overcast" );; line 116696 (wfb::terrain united_kingdom "mostly rugged hills and low mountains" );; line 116701 (wfb::terrain united_kingdom "level to rolling plains in east and southeast" );; line 116701 (wfb::natural-resource united_kingdom coal );; line 116706 (wfb::natural-resource united_kingdom petroleum );; line 116706 (wfb::natural-resource united_kingdom natural_gas );; line 116706 (wfb::natural-resource united_kingdom tin );; line 116706 (wfb::natural-resource united_kingdom limestone );; line 116706 (wfb::natural-resource united_kingdom iron_ore );; line 116706 (wfb::natural-resource united_kingdom salt );; line 116706 (wfb::natural-resource united_kingdom clay );; line 116706 (wfb::natural-resource united_kingdom chalk );; line 116706 (wfb::natural-resource united_kingdom gypsum );; line 116706 (wfb::natural-resource united_kingdom lead );; line 116706 (wfb::natural-resource united_kingdom silica );; line 116706 (wfb::land_use united_kingdom arable_land (* 29 %) );; line 116712 (wfb::land_use united_kingdom permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 116714 (wfb::land_use united_kingdom meadows_and_pastures (* 48 %) );; line 116716 (wfb::land_use united_kingdom forest_and_woodland (* 9 %) );; line 116718 (wfb::land_use united_kingdom other (* 14 %) );; line 116720 (wfb::measurement-date irrigated_land united_kingdom date_1989 );; line 116724 (wfb::irrigated_land united_kingdom (* 1570 sq_km) );; line 116724 (wfb::environment united_kingdom current_issues "sulfur dioxide emissions from power plants contribute to air pollution" );; line 116729 (wfb::environment united_kingdom current_issues "some rivers polluted by agricultural wastes and coastal waters polluted because of large-scale disposal of sewage at sea" );; line 116729 (wfb::environment united_kingdom natural_hazards "NA" );; line 116733 (wfb::environment united_kingdom international_agreements "party to - Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands, Whaling" );; line 116735 (wfb::environment united_kingdom international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Desertification" );; line 116735 (wfb::note united_kingdom "lies near vital North Atlantic sea lanes; only 35 km from France and now linked by tunnel under the English Channel; because of heavily indented coastline, no location is more than 125 km from tidal waters" );; line 116744 (wfb::estimation-date population united_kingdom date_jul_1995 );; line 116752 (wfb::population united_kingdom 58295119 );; line 116752 (wfb::age_structure united_kingdom 0-14_years (* 19 %) );; line 116757 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex united_kingdom 0-14_years female 5572189 );; line 116757 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex united_kingdom 0-14_years male 5843192 );; line 116757 (wfb::age_structure united_kingdom 15-64_years (* 65 %) );; line 116759 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex united_kingdom 15-64_years female 18723583 );; line 116759 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex united_kingdom 15-64_years male 18935931 );; line 116759 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure united_kingdom 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 116761 (wfb::age_structure united_kingdom 65_years_and_over (* 16 %) );; line 116761 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex united_kingdom 65_years_and_over female 5471383 );; line 116761 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex united_kingdom 65_years_and_over male 3748841 );; line 116761 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate united_kingdom date_1995 );; line 116765 (wfb::population_growth_rate united_kingdom (* 0.27 %) );; line 116765 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate united_kingdom date_1995 );; line 116769 (wfb::birth_rate united_kingdom (* 13.18 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 116769 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate united_kingdom date_1995 );; line 116773 (wfb::death_rate united_kingdom (* 10.66 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 116773 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate united_kingdom date_1995 );; line 116777 (wfb::net_migration_rate united_kingdom (* 0.17 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 116777 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate united_kingdom date_1995 );; line 116781 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate united_kingdom (* 7 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 116781 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth united_kingdom total_population (* 77 years) );; line 116786 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth united_kingdom male (* 74.18 years) );; line 116788 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth united_kingdom female date_1995 );; line 116790 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth united_kingdom female (* 79.95 years) );; line 116790 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate united_kingdom date_1995 );; line 116794 (wfb::total_fertility_rate united_kingdom (* 1.82 children_born/woman) );; line 116794 (wfb::nationality united_kingdom noun "Briton(s), British (collective plural)" );; line 116799 (wfb::nationality united_kingdom adjective "British" );; line 116801 (wfb::ethnic-entity united_kingdom english-ethnic-entity (* 81.5 %) );; line 116805 (wfb::ethnic-entity united_kingdom scottish (* 9.6 %) );; line 116805 (wfb::ethnic-entity united_kingdom irish-ethnic-entity (* 2.4 %) );; line 116805 (wfb::ethnic-entity united_kingdom welsh (* 1.9 %) );; line 116805 (wfb::ethnic-entity united_kingdom ulster (* 1.8 %) );; line 116805 (wfb::estimation-date religion date_1991 );; line 116810 (wfb::religion united_kingdom anglican_27_million n/a );; line 116810 (wfb::religion united_kingdom roman_catholic_9_million n/a );; line 116810 (wfb::religion united_kingdom muslim_1_million n/a );; line 116810 (wfb::religion united_kingdom |Presbyterian 800,000| n/a );; line 116810 (wfb::religion united_kingdom |Methodist 760,000| n/a );; line 116810 (wfb::religion united_kingdom |Sikh 400,000| n/a );; line 116810 (wfb::religion united_kingdom |Hindu 350,000| n/a );; line 116810 (wfb::religion united_kingdom |Jewish 300,000| n/a );; line 116810 (wfb::comment religions united_kingdom "the UK does not include a question on religion in its census" );; line 116814 (wfb::language united_kingdom english n/a );; line 116818 (wfb::language united_kingdom welsh-language-group n/a );; line 116818 (wfb::comment language united_kingdom welsh-language-group "about 26% of the population of Wales" );; line 116818 (wfb::language united_kingdom scottish_form_of_gaelic n/a );; line 116818 (wfb::comment language united_kingdom scottish_form_of_gaelic "about 60,000 in Scotland" );; line 116818 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition united_kingdom date_1991 );; line 116823 (wfb::literacy-condition united_kingdom "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 116823 (wfb::literacy united_kingdom total_population (* 99 %) );; line 116825 (wfb::total_labor_force united_kingdom 28.048e6 );; line 116829 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force united_kingdom by_occupation date_jun_1992 );; line 116831 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_jun_1992 );; line 116831 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation united_kingdom services (* 62.8 %) );; line 116831 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation united_kingdom manufacturing_and_construction (* 25.0 %) );; line 116831 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation united_kingdom government (* 9.1 %) );; line 116831 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation united_kingdom energy-occupation-type (* 1.9 %) );; line 116831 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation united_kingdom agriculture (* 1.2 %) );; line 116831 (wfb::names united_kingdom conventional_long_form "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland" );; line 116838 (wfb::names united_kingdom conventional_short_form "United Kingdom" );; line 116840 (wfb::abbreviation united_kingdom "UK" );; line 116844 (wfb::digraph united_kingdom "UK" );; line 116848 (wfb::type united_kingdom "constitutional monarchy" );; line 116852 (wfb::capital united_kingdom london-united_kingdom );; line 116856 (wfb::dependent_areas united_kingdom "Anguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Falkland Islands, Gibraltar, Guernsey, Hong Kong (scheduled to become a Special Administrative Region of China on 1 July 1997), Jersey, Isle of Man, Montserrat, Pitcairn Islands, Saint Helena, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, Turks and Caicos Islands" );; line 116886 (wfb::comment independence united_kingdom "United Kingdom established" );; line 116894 (wfb::independence united_kingdom date_1_jan_1801 "n/a" );; line 116894 (wfb::constitution united_kingdom "unwritten; partly statutes, partly common law and practice" );; line 116903 (wfb::legal_system united_kingdom "common law tradition with early Roman and modern continental influences; no judicial review of Acts of Parliament; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations" );; line 116907 (wfb::comment suffrage united_kingdom " universal" );; line 116913 (wfb::suffrage united_kingdom (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 116913 (wfb::comment executive_branch united_kingdom chief_of_state "Heir Apparent Prince CHARLES (son of the Queen, born 14 November 1948)" );; line 116918 (wfb::executive_branch united_kingdom chief_of_state "Queen ELIZABETH II " date_6_feb_1952 );; line 116918 (wfb::executive_branch united_kingdom head_of_government "Prime Minister John MAJOR " date_28_nov_1990 );; line 116921 (wfb::executive_branch united_kingdom cabinet "Cabinet of Ministers" );; line 116923 (wfb::legislative_structure united_kingdom bicameral "Parliament" );; line 116927 (wfb::legislative_branch united_kingdom "House of Lords" "consists of a 1,200-member body, four-fifths are hereditary peers, 2 archbishops, 24 other senior bishops, serving and retired Lords of Appeal in Ordinary, other life peers, Scottish peers" );; line 116929 (wfb::legislative_branch united_kingdom "House of Commons" "elections last held 9 April 1992 (next to be held by NA April 1997); results - Conservative 41.9%, Labor 34.5%, Liberal Democratic 17.9%, other 5.7%; seats - (651 total) Conservative 336, Labor 271, Liberal Democratic 20, other 24" );; line 116933 (wfb::judicial_branch united_kingdom "House of Lords" );; line 116940 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders united_kingdom "Conservative and Unionist Party, John MAJOR; Labor Party, Anthony (Tony) Blair; Liberal Democrats (LD), Jeremy (Paddy) ASHDOWN; Scottish National Party, Alex SALMOND; Welsh National Party (Plaid Cymru), Dafydd Iwan WIGLEY; Ulster Unionist Party (Northern Ireland), James MOLYNEAUX; Democratic Unionist Party (Northern Ireland), Rev. Ian PAISLEY; Ulster Popular Unionist Party (Northern Ireland); Social Democratic and Labor Party (SDLP, Northern Ireland), John HUME; Sinn Fein (Northern Ireland), Gerry ADAMS" );; line 116944 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups united_kingdom "Trades Union Congress; Confederation of British Industry; National Farmers' Union; Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament" );; line 116954 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom afdb );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom ag );; line 116959 (wfb::comment member_of united_kingdom ag "observer" );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom asdb );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom australia_group );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom bis );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom c );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom ccc );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom cdb );; line 116959 (wfb::comment member_of united_kingdom cdb "non-regional" );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom ce );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom cern );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom ebrd );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom ec-international-organization );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom eca );; line 116959 (wfb::comment member_of united_kingdom eca "associate" );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom ece );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom eclac );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom eib );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom esa );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom escap );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom fao );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom g-_5 );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom g-_7 );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom g-10 );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom gatt );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom iadb );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom iaea );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom ibrd );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom icao );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom icc );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom icftu );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom icrm );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom ida );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom iea );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom ifad );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom ifc );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom ifrcs );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom ilo );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom imf );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom imo );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom inmarsat );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom intelsat );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom interpol );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom ioc );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom iom );; line 116959 (wfb::comment member_of united_kingdom iom "observer" );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom iso );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom itu );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom mtcr );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom nacc );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom nato );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom nea );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom nsg );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom oecd );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom osce );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom pca );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom spc );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom un );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom un_security_council );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom unctad );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom unficyp );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom unhcr );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom unido );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom unikom );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom unitar );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom unprofor );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom unrwa );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom unu );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom upu );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom wcl );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom weu );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom who );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom wipo );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom wmo );; line 116959 (wfb::member_of united_kingdom zc );; line 116959 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us united_kingdom chief_of_mission "Ambassador Sir Robin William RENWICK" );; line 116970 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us united_kingdom chancery "3100 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 116972 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us united_kingdom telephone "[1] (202) 462-1340" );; line 116974 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us united_kingdom fax "[1] (202) 898-4255" );; line 116976 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us united_kingdom |consulate(s) general| "Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Cleveland, Houston, Los Angeles, New York, and San Francisco," );; line 116978 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us united_kingdom |consulate(s)| "Dallas, Miami, and Seattle" );; line 116981 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation united_kingdom chief_of_mission "Ambassador Adm. William W. CROWE" );; line 116986 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation united_kingdom embassy "24/31 Grosvenor Square, London, W. 1A1AE" );; line 116988 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation united_kingdom mailing_address "PSC 801, Box 40, FPO AE 09498-4040" );; line 116990 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation united_kingdom telephone "[44] (71) 499-9000" );; line 116992 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation united_kingdom fax "[44] (71) 409-1637" );; line 116994 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation united_kingdom |consulate(s) general| "Belfast, Edinburgh" );; line 116996 (wfb::flag united_kingdom "blue with the red cross of Saint George (patron saint of England) edged in white superimposed on the diagonal red cross of Saint Patrick (patron saint of Ireland) which is superimposed on the diagonal white cross of Saint Andrew (patron saint of Scotland); known as the Union Flag or Union Jack; the design and colors (especially the Blue Ensign) have been the basis for a number of other flags including dependencies, Commonwealth countries, and others" );; line 117000 (wfb::overview united_kingdom "The UK is one of the world's great trading powers and financial centers, and its economy ranks among the four largest in Western Europe. The economy is essentially capitalistic; over the past 13 years the ruling Tories have greatly reduced public ownership and contained the growth of social welfare programs. Agriculture is intensive, highly mechanized, and efficient by European standards, producing about 60% of food needs with only 1% of the labor force. The UK has large coal, natural gas, and oil reserves, and primary energy production accounts for 12% of GDP, one of the highest shares of any industrial nation. Services, particularly banking, insurance, and business services, account by far for the largest proportion of GDP while industry continues to decline in importance, now employing only 25% of the work force and generating only 21% of GDP. The economy registered 4.2% GDP growth in 1994, its fastest annual rate for six years. Exports and manufacturing output are the primary engines of growth. Unemployment is gradually falling. Inflation is at the lowest level in 27 years, but British monetary authorities raised interest rates to 6.25% in 1994 in a preemptive strike on emerging inflationary pressures such as higher taxes and rising manufacturing costs. The combination of a buoyant economy and fiscal tightening is projected to trim the FY94/95 budget shortfall to about $50 billion - down from about $75 billion in FY93/94. The major economic policy question for Britain in the 1990s is the terms on which it participates in the financial and economic integration of Europe." );; line 117011 (wfb::estimation-date national_product united_kingdom date_1994 );; line 117036 (wfb::national_product united_kingdom (* 1.0452e12 $) );; line 117036 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate united_kingdom date_1994 );; line 117040 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate united_kingdom (* 4.2 %) );; line 117040 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita united_kingdom date_1994 );; line 117044 (wfb::national_product_per_capita united_kingdom (* 17980 $) );; line 117044 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| united_kingdom "2.4% (1994)" );; line 117048 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate united_kingdom date_1994 );; line 117052 (wfb::unemployment_rate united_kingdom (* 9.3 %) );; line 117052 (wfb::budget united_kingdom revenues (* 325.5e9 $) );; line 117057 (wfb::estimation-for-fiscal-year budget united_kingdom 93 );; line 117059 (wfb::budget united_kingdom expenditures (* 400.9e9 $) );; line 117059 (wfb::budget united_kingdom capital_expenditures (* 33e9 $) );; line 117059 (wfb::exports united_kingdom (* 200e9 $) );; line 117064 (wfb::exports united_kingdom commodities manufactured_goods n/a );; line 117066 (wfb::exports united_kingdom commodities machinery n/a );; line 117066 (wfb::exports united_kingdom commodities fuels n/a );; line 117066 (wfb::exports united_kingdom commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 117066 (wfb::exports united_kingdom commodities semifinished_goods n/a );; line 117066 (wfb::exports united_kingdom commodities transport_equipment n/a );; line 117066 (wfb::comment exports united_kingdom "Germany 14.0%, France 11.1%, Netherlands 7.9%" );; line 117069 (wfb::exports united_kingdom partners eu_countries (* 56.7 %) );; line 117069 (wfb::exports united_kingdom partners us (* 10.9 %) );; line 117069 (wfb::imports united_kingdom (* 215e9 $) );; line 117074 (wfb::imports united_kingdom commodities manufactured_goods n/a );; line 117076 (wfb::imports united_kingdom commodities machinery n/a );; line 117076 (wfb::imports united_kingdom commodities semifinished_goods n/a );; line 117076 (wfb::imports united_kingdom commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 117076 (wfb::imports united_kingdom commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 117076 (wfb::comment imports united_kingdom "Germany 14.9%, France 9.3%, Netherlands 8.4%" );; line 117079 (wfb::imports united_kingdom partners eu_countries (* 51.7 %) );; line 117079 (wfb::imports united_kingdom partners us (* 11.6 %) );; line 117079 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt united_kingdom date_jun_1992 );; line 117084 (wfb::external_debt united_kingdom (* 16.2e9 $) );; line 117084 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 117088 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production united_kingdom date_1994 );; line 117088 (wfb::industrial_production united_kingdom growth_rate (* 5.6 %) );; line 117088 (wfb::electricity united_kingdom capacity (* 65360000 kw) );; line 117093 (wfb::electricity united_kingdom production (* 303e9 kwh) );; line 117095 (wfb::measurement-date electricity united_kingdom consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 117097 (wfb::electricity united_kingdom consumption_per_capita (* 5123 kwh) );; line 117097 (wfb::industry united_kingdom production_machinery_including_machine_tools );; line 117101 (wfb::industry united_kingdom electric_power_equipment );; line 117101 (wfb::industry united_kingdom automation_equipment );; line 117101 (wfb::industry united_kingdom railroad_equipment );; line 117101 (wfb::industry united_kingdom shipbuilding );; line 117101 (wfb::industry united_kingdom aircraft-industry );; line 117101 (wfb::industry united_kingdom motor_vehicles_and_parts-industry );; line 117101 (wfb::industry united_kingdom electronics_and_communications_equipment );; line 117101 (wfb::industry united_kingdom metals-industry );; line 117101 (wfb::industry united_kingdom chemicals );; line 117101 (wfb::industry united_kingdom coal-industry );; line 117101 (wfb::industry united_kingdom petroleum-industry );; line 117101 (wfb::industry united_kingdom paper_and_paper_products );; line 117101 (wfb::industry united_kingdom food_processing );; line 117101 (wfb::industry united_kingdom textiles );; line 117101 (wfb::industry united_kingdom clothing );; line 117101 (wfb::agriculture united_kingdom "accounts for only 1.5% of GDP; wide variety of crops and livestock products" );; line 117109 (wfb::illicit_drugs united_kingdom "gateway country for Latin American cocaine entering the European market; producer of synthetic drugs; transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin; money-laundering center" );; line 117114 (wfb::economic_aid united_kingdom donor "ODA and OOF commitments (1992-93), $3.2 billion" );; line 117121 (wfb::abbreviation british_pound "#" );; line 117125 (wfb::currency united_kingdom british_pound 100 pence );; line 117125 (wfb::exchange_rates united_kingdom "British pounds (#) per US$1 - 0.6350 (January 1995), 0.6529 (1994), 0.6033 (1993), 0.5664 (1992), 0.5652 (1991), 0.5603 (1990)" );; line 117129 (wfb::fiscal_year united_kingdom date_1_apr date_31_mar );; line 117134 (wfb::railroads united_kingdom total "16,888 km; note - several additional small standard-gauge and narrow-gauge lines are privately owned and operated" );; line 117140 (wfb::railroads united_kingdom broad_gauge "330 km 1.600-m gauge (190 km double track)" );; line 117143 (wfb::railroads united_kingdom standard_gauge "16,558 km 1.435-m gauge (4,950 km electrified; 12,591 km double or multiple track)" );; line 117145 (wfb::comment highways united_kingdom total "includes Northern Ireland" );; line 117151 (wfb::comment highways united_kingdom paved "includes Northern Ireland; Great Britain has 3,100 km limited access divided highway" );; line 117153 (wfb::inland_waterways united_kingdom "2,291 total; British Waterways Board, 606 km; Port Authorities, 706 km; other, 979 km" );; line 117158 (wfb::pipelines |crude oil (almost all insignificant)| (* 933 km) );; line 117163 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 2993 km) );; line 117163 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 12800 km) );; line 117163 (wfb::port united_kingdom aberdeen-united_kingdom );; line 117168 (wfb::port united_kingdom belfast-united_kingdom );; line 117168 (wfb::port united_kingdom bristol-united_kingdom );; line 117168 (wfb::port united_kingdom cardiff-united_kingdom );; line 117168 (wfb::port united_kingdom grangemouth-united_kingdom );; line 117168 (wfb::port united_kingdom hull-united_kingdom );; line 117168 (wfb::port united_kingdom leith-united_kingdom );; line 117168 (wfb::port united_kingdom liverpool-united_kingdom );; line 117168 (wfb::port united_kingdom london-united_kingdom );; line 117168 (wfb::port united_kingdom manchester-united_kingdom );; line 117168 (wfb::port united_kingdom medway-united_kingdom );; line 117168 (wfb::port united_kingdom sullom_voe-united_kingdom );; line 117168 (wfb::port united_kingdom tees-united_kingdom );; line 117168 (wfb::port united_kingdom tyne-united_kingdom );; line 117168 (wfb::merchant_marine united_kingdom total "155 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 3,249,823 GRT/3,978,336 DWT" );; line 117174 (wfb::merchant_marine united_kingdom ships_by_type "bulk 11, cargo 24, chemical tanker 2, container 23, liquefied gas tanker 3, oil tanker 56, passenger 7, passenger-cargo 1, refrigerated cargo 1, roll-on/roll-off cargo 13, short-sea passenger 13, specialized tanker 1" );; line 117177 (wfb::airports united_kingdom total 505 );; line 117185 (wfb::airports united_kingdom |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 10 );; line 117187 (wfb::airports united_kingdom |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 30 );; line 117189 (wfb::airports united_kingdom |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 174 );; line 117191 (wfb::airports united_kingdom |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 91 );; line 117193 (wfb::airports united_kingdom with_paved_runways_under_914_m 172 );; line 117195 (wfb::airports united_kingdom |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 1 );; line 117197 (wfb::airports united_kingdom |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 27 );; line 117199 (wfb::telephone_system united_kingdom "30,200,000 telephones; technologically advanced domestic and international system" );; line 117204 (wfb::telephone_system united_kingdom local "NA" );; line 117207 (wfb::telephone_system united_kingdom intercity "NA equal mix of buried cables, microwave and optical-fiber systems" );; line 117209 (wfb::telephone_system united_kingdom international "40 coaxial submarine cables; 10 INTELSAT (7 Atlantic Ocean and 3 Indian Ocean), 1 INMARSAT, and 1 EUTELSAT earth satellite; at least 8 large international switching centers" );; line 117212 (wfb::radio united_kingdom broadcast_stations am 225 );; line 117219 (wfb::comment radio united_kingdom broadcast_stations fm "mostly repeaters" );; line 117219 (wfb::radio united_kingdom broadcast_stations fm 525 );; line 117219 (wfb::radio united_kingdom broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 117219 (wfb::radio united_kingdom radios 70e6 );; line 117221 (wfb::comment television united_kingdom broadcast_stations "repeaters 3,210" );; line 117226 (wfb::television united_kingdom broadcast_stations 207 );; line 117226 (wfb::television united_kingdom televisions 20e6 );; line 117228 (wfb::defense_branch united_kingdom army_united_kingdom );; line 117234 (wfb::comment defense_branch united_kingdom royal_navy_united_kingdom "includes Royal Marines" );; line 117234 (wfb::defense_branch united_kingdom royal_navy_united_kingdom );; line 117234 (wfb::defense_branch united_kingdom royal_air_force_united_kingdom );; line 117234 (wfb::manpower_availability united_kingdom "males age 15-49 14,429,485; males fit for military service 12,041,935 (1995 est.)" );; line 117238 (wfb::for-fiscal-year defense_expenditures united_kingdom 95 );; line 117243 (wfb::defense_expenditures united_kingdom (* 35.1e9 $) );; line 117243 (wfb::defense_expenditures united_kingdom (* 3.1 %_of_gdp) );; line 117243 (wfb::markup-parameter figure united_states "graphno=\"us.tif\"" );; line 117249 (wfb::location united_states "North America, bordering both the North Atlantic Ocean and the North Pacific Ocean, between Canada and Mexico" );; line 117253 (wfb::map_references united_states "North America" );; line 117258 (wfb::area united_states total_area (* 9372610 sq_km) );; line 117263 (wfb::area united_states land_area (* 9166600 sq_km) );; line 117265 (wfb::area united_states comparative_area "about half the size of Russia; about three-tenths the size of Africa; about one-half the size of South America (or slightly larger than Brazil); slightly smaller than China; about two and one-half times the size of Western Europe" );; line 117267 (wfb::comment area united_states "includes only the 50 states and District of Columbia" );; line 117272 (wfb::borders united_states total (* 12248 km) );; line 117276 (wfb::comment borders "including 2,477 km with Alaska" );; line 117276 (wfb::borders united_states canada (* 8893 km) );; line 117276 (wfb::comment borders "US Naval Base at Guantanamo Bay" );; line 117276 (wfb::borders united_states cuba (* 29 km) );; line 117276 (wfb::borders united_states mexico (* 3326 km) );; line 117276 (wfb::coastline united_states (* 19924 km) );; line 117281 (wfb::maritime_claims united_states contiguous_zone (* 12 nm) );; line 117286 (wfb::maritime_claims united_states exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 117290 (wfb::maritime_claims united_states territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 117292 (wfb::international_disputes united_states "maritime boundary disputes with Canada (Dixon Entrance, Beaufort Sea, Strait of Juan de Fuca, Machias Seal Island)" );; line 117296 (wfb::international_disputes united_states "US Naval Base at Guantanamo Bay is leased from Cuba and only mutual agreement or US abandonment of the area can terminate the lease" );; line 117296 (wfb::international_disputes united_states "Haiti claims Navassa Island" );; line 117296 (wfb::international_disputes united_states "US has made no territorial claim in Antarctica (but has reserved the right to do so) and does not recognize the claims of any other nation" );; line 117296 (wfb::international_disputes united_states "Republic of Marshall Islands claims Wake Island" );; line 117296 (wfb::climate united_states "mostly temperate, but tropical in Hawaii and Florida and arctic in Alaska, semiarid in the great plains west of the Mississippi River and arid in the Great Basin of the southwest" );; line 117306 (wfb::climate united_states "low winter temperatures in the northwest are ameliorated occasionally in January and February by warm chinook winds from the eastern slopes of the Rocky Mountains" );; line 117306 (wfb::terrain united_states "vast central plain, mountains in west, hills and low mountains in east" );; line 117314 (wfb::terrain united_states "rugged mountains and broad river valleys in Alaska" );; line 117314 (wfb::terrain united_states "rugged, volcanic topography in Hawaii" );; line 117314 (wfb::natural-resource united_states coal );; line 117320 (wfb::natural-resource united_states copper );; line 117320 (wfb::natural-resource united_states lead );; line 117320 (wfb::natural-resource united_states molybdenum );; line 117320 (wfb::natural-resource united_states phosphates );; line 117320 (wfb::natural-resource united_states uranium );; line 117320 (wfb::natural-resource united_states bauxite );; line 117320 (wfb::natural-resource united_states gold );; line 117320 (wfb::natural-resource united_states iron-natural-resource );; line 117320 (wfb::natural-resource united_states mercury );; line 117320 (wfb::natural-resource united_states nickel );; line 117320 (wfb::natural-resource united_states potash );; line 117320 (wfb::natural-resource united_states silver );; line 117320 (wfb::natural-resource united_states tungsten );; line 117320 (wfb::natural-resource united_states zinc );; line 117320 (wfb::natural-resource united_states petroleum );; line 117320 (wfb::natural-resource united_states natural_gas );; line 117320 (wfb::natural-resource united_states timber );; line 117320 (wfb::land_use united_states arable_land (* 20 %) );; line 117327 (wfb::land_use united_states permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 117329 (wfb::land_use united_states meadows_and_pastures (* 26 %) );; line 117331 (wfb::land_use united_states forest_and_woodland (* 29 %) );; line 117333 (wfb::land_use united_states other (* 25 %) );; line 117335 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land united_states date_1989 );; line 117339 (wfb::irrigated_land united_states (* 181020 sq_km) );; line 117339 (wfb::environment united_states current_issues "air pollution resulting in acid rain in both the US and Canada" );; line 117344 (wfb::environment united_states current_issues "the US is the largest single emitter of carbon dioxide from the burning of fossil fuels" );; line 117344 (wfb::environment united_states current_issues "water pollution from runoff of pesticides and fertilizers" );; line 117344 (wfb::environment united_states current_issues "very limited natural fresh water resources in much of the western part of the country require careful management" );; line 117344 (wfb::environment united_states current_issues "desertification" );; line 117344 (wfb::environment united_states natural_hazards "tsunamis, volcanoes, and earthquake activity around Pacific Basin" );; line 117350 (wfb::environment united_states natural_hazards "hurricanes along the Atlantic coast" );; line 117350 (wfb::environment united_states natural_hazards "tornadoes in the midwest" );; line 117350 (wfb::environment united_states natural_hazards "mudslides in California" );; line 117350 (wfb::environment united_states natural_hazards "forest fires in the west" );; line 117350 (wfb::environment united_states natural_hazards "flooding" );; line 117350 (wfb::environment united_states natural_hazards "permafrost in northern Alaska is a major impediment to development" );; line 117350 (wfb::environment united_states international_agreements "party to - Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Antarctic Treaty, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands, Whaling" );; line 117355 (wfb::environment united_states international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Biodiversity, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Tropical Timber 94" );; line 117355 (wfb::note united_states "world's fourth-largest country (after Russia, Canada, and China)" );; line 117364 (wfb::estimation-date population united_states date_jul_1995 );; line 117370 (wfb::population united_states 263814032 );; line 117370 (wfb::age_structure united_states 0-14_years (* 22 %) );; line 117375 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex united_states 0-14_years female 28391451 );; line 117375 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex united_states 0-14_years male 29845630 );; line 117375 (wfb::age_structure united_states 15-64_years (* 65 %) );; line 117377 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex united_states 15-64_years female 86454415 );; line 117377 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex united_states 15-64_years male 85474002 );; line 117377 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure united_states 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 117379 (wfb::age_structure united_states 65_years_and_over (* 13 %) );; line 117379 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex united_states 65_years_and_over female 19949978 );; line 117379 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex united_states 65_years_and_over male 13698559 );; line 117379 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate united_states date_1995 );; line 117383 (wfb::population_growth_rate united_states (* 1.02 %) );; line 117383 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate united_states date_1995 );; line 117387 (wfb::birth_rate united_states (* 15.25 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 117387 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate united_states date_1995 );; line 117391 (wfb::death_rate united_states (* 8.38 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 117391 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate united_states date_1995 );; line 117395 (wfb::net_migration_rate united_states (* 3.34 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 117395 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate united_states date_1995 );; line 117399 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate united_states (* 7.88 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 117399 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth united_states total_population (* 75.99 years) );; line 117404 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth united_states male (* 72.8 years) );; line 117406 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth united_states female date_1995 );; line 117408 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth united_states female (* 79.7 years) );; line 117408 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate united_states date_1995 );; line 117412 (wfb::total_fertility_rate united_states (* 2.08 children_born/woman) );; line 117412 (wfb::nationality united_states noun "American(s)" );; line 117417 (wfb::nationality united_states adjective "American" );; line 117419 (wfb::measurement-date ethnic-entity date_1992 );; line 117423 (wfb::ethnic-entity united_states white (* 83.4 %) );; line 117423 (wfb::ethnic-entity united_states black (* 12.4 %) );; line 117423 (wfb::ethnic-entity united_states asian (* 3.3 %) );; line 117423 (wfb::ethnic-entity united_states native_american (* 0.8 %) );; line 117423 (wfb::measurement-date religion date_1989 );; line 117427 (wfb::religion united_states protestant (* 56 %) );; line 117427 (wfb::religion united_states roman_catholic (* 28 %) );; line 117427 (wfb::religion united_states jewish (* 2 %) );; line 117427 (wfb::language united_states english n/a );; line 117432 (wfb::language united_states spanish-language-group n/a );; line 117432 (wfb::comment language united_states spanish-language-group "spoken by a sizable minority" );; line 117432 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition united_states date_1979 );; line 117436 (wfb::literacy-condition united_states "age 15 and over has completed five or more years of schooling" );; line 117436 (wfb::literacy united_states total_population (* 97 %) );; line 117439 (wfb::literacy united_states male (* 97 %) );; line 117441 (wfb::literacy united_states female (* 97 %) );; line 117443 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force united_states date_1994 );; line 117447 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation united_states managerial_and_professional (* 27.5 %) );; line 117449 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation united_states technical n/a );; line 117449 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation united_states sales_and_administrative_support (* 30.3 %) );; line 117449 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation united_states services (* 13.7 %) );; line 117449 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation united_states manufacturing n/a );; line 117449 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation united_states mining-occupation-type n/a );; line 117449 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation united_states transportation n/a );; line 117449 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation united_states crafts (* 25.5 %) );; line 117449 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation united_states farming n/a );; line 117449 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation united_states forestry n/a );; line 117449 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation united_states fishing-occupation-type (* 2.9 %) );; line 117449 (wfb::names united_states conventional_long_form "United States of America" );; line 117457 (wfb::names united_states conventional_short_form "United States" );; line 117459 (wfb::abbreviation united_states "US" );; line 117463 (wfb::abbreviation united_states "USA" );; line 117463 (wfb::digraph united_states "US" );; line 117467 (wfb::type united_states "federal republic; strong democratic tradition" );; line 117471 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_united_states_states "states" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_divisions united_states adm_div_united_states_states 50 );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_united_states_district "district" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_divisions united_states adm_div_united_states_district 1 );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "Alabama" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "Alaska" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "Arizona" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "Arkansas" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "California" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "Colorado" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "Connecticut" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "Delaware" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_district "District of Columbia" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "Florida" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "Georgia" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "Hawaii" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "Idaho" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "Illinois" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "Indiana" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "Iowa" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "Kansas" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "Kentucky" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "Louisiana" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "Maine" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "Maryland" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "Massachusetts" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "Michigan" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "Minnesota" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "Mississippi" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "Missouri" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "Montana" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "Nebraska" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "Nevada" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "New Hampshire" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "New Jersey" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "New Mexico" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "New York" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "North Carolina" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "North Dakota" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "Ohio" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "Oklahoma" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "Oregon" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "Pennsylvania" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "Rhode Island" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "South Carolina" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "South Dakota" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "Tennessee" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "Texas" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "Utah" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "Vermont" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "Virginia" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "Washington" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "West Virginia" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "Wisconsin" );; line 117479 (wfb::administrative_division_of united_states adm_div_united_states_states "Wyoming" );; line 117479 (wfb::dependent_areas united_states "American Samoa, Baker Island, Guam, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Islands, Navassa Island, Northern Mariana Islands, Palmyra Atoll, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands, Wake Island" );; line 117490 (wfb::comment dependent_areas united_states "from 18 July 1947 until 1 October 1994, the US has administered the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, but recently entered into a new political relationship with all four political units: the Northern Mariana Islands is a Commonwealth in political union with the US (effective 3 November 1986); Palau concluded a Compact of Free Association with the US (effective 1 October 1994); the Federated States of Micronesia signed a Compact of Free Association with the US (effective 3 November 1986); the Republic of the Marshall Islands signed a Compact of Free Association with the US (effective 21 October 1986)" );; line 117494 (wfb::independence united_states date_4_jul_1776 "England" );; line 117506 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1776 );; line 117510 (wfb::comment national_holiday united_states "1776" );; line 117510 (wfb::national_holiday united_states "Independence Day" date_4_jul );; line 117510 (wfb::constitution united_states "17 September 1787, effective 4 March 1789" );; line 117514 (wfb::legal_system united_states "based on English common law; judicial review of legislative acts; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations" );; line 117518 (wfb::comment suffrage united_states " universal" );; line 117523 (wfb::suffrage united_states (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 117523 (wfb::comment executive_branch united_states chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "Vice President Albert GORE, Jr. (since 20 January 1993)" );; line 117528 (wfb::comment executive_branch united_states chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "election last held 3 November 1992 (next to be held 5 November 1996)" );; line 117528 (wfb::comment executive_branch united_states chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "results - William Jefferson CLINTON (Democratic Party) 43.2%, George BUSH (Republican Party) 37.7%, Ross PEROT (Independent) 19.0%, other 0.1%" );; line 117528 (wfb::executive_branch united_states chief_of_state "President William Jefferson CLINTON " date_20_jan_1993 );; line 117528 (wfb::executive_branch united_states head_of_government "President William Jefferson CLINTON " date_20_jan_1993 );; line 117528 (wfb::comment executive_branch united_states cabinet "appointed by the president with Senate approval" );; line 117534 (wfb::executive_branch united_states cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 117534 (wfb::legislative_structure united_states bicameral "Congress" );; line 117538 (wfb::legislative_branch united_states "Senate" "elections last held 8 November 1994 (next to be held 5 November 1996); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (100 total) Republican Party 54, Democratic Party 46" );; line 117540 (wfb::legislative_branch united_states "House of Representatives" "elections last held 8 November 1994 (next to be held 5 November 1996); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (435 total) Republican Party 231, Democratic Party 203, independent 1" );; line 117544 (wfb::judicial_branch united_states "Supreme Court" );; line 117550 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders united_states "Republican Party, Haley BARBOUR, national committee chairman; Jeanie AUSTIN, co-chairman; Democratic Party, David C. WILHELM, national committee chairman; several other groups or parties of minor political significance" );; line 117554 (wfb::member_of united_states afdb );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states ag );; line 117561 (wfb::comment member_of united_states ag "observer" );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states anzus );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states apec );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states asdb );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states australia_group );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states bis );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states ccc );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states cp );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states ebrd );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states ece );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states eclac );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states escap );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states fao );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states g-_2 );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states g-_5 );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states g-_7 );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states g-_8 );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states g-10 );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states gatt );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states iadb );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states iaea );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states ibrd );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states icao );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states icc );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states icftu );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states icrm );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states ida );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states iea );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states ifad );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states ifc );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states ifrcs );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states ilo );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states imf );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states imo );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states inmarsat );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states intelsat );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states interpol );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states ioc );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states iom );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states iso );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states itu );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states minurso );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states mtcr );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states nacc );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states nato );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states nea );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states nsg );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states oas );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states oecd );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states osce );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states pca );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states spc );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states un );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states un_security_council );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states unctad );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states unhcr );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states unido );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states unikom );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states unitar );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states unmih );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states unomoz );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states unprofor );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states unrwa );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states untso );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states unu );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states upu );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states wcl );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states who );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states wipo );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states wmo );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states wto );; line 117561 (wfb::member_of united_states zc );; line 117561 (wfb::flag united_states "thirteen equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white; there is a blue rectangle in the upper hoist-side corner bearing 50 small white five-pointed stars arranged in nine offset horizontal rows of six stars (top and bottom) alternating with rows of five stars; the 50 stars represent the 50 states, the 13 stripes represent the 13 original colonies; known as Old Glory; the design and colors have been the basis for a number of other flags including Chile, Liberia, Malaysia, and Puerto Rico" );; line 117571 (wfb::overview united_states "The US has the most powerful, diverse, and technologically advanced economy in the world, with a per capita GDP of $25,850, the largest among major industrial nations. The economy is market oriented with most decisions made by private individuals and business firms and with government purchases of goods and services made predominantly in the marketplace. In 1989 the economy enjoyed its seventh successive year of substantial growth, the longest in peacetime history. The expansion featured moderation in wage and consumer price increases and a steady reduction in unemployment to 5.2% of the labor force. In 1990, however, growth slowed to 1% because of a combination of factors, such as the worldwide increase in interest rates, Iraq's invasion of Kuwait in August, the subsequent spurt in oil prices, and a general decline in business and consumer confidence. In 1991 output fell by 0.6%, unemployment grew, and signs of recovery proved premature. Growth picked up to 2.3% in 1992 and to 3.1% in 1993. Unemployment, however, declined only gradually, the increase in GDP being mainly attributable to gains in output per worker. The year 1994 witnessed a solid 4% gain in real output, a low inflation rate of 2.6%, and a drop in unemployment below 6%. The capture of both houses of Congress by the Republicans in the elections of 8 November 1994 means substantial changes are likely in US economic policy, including changes in the ways the US will address its major economic problems in 1995-96. These problems include inadequate investment in economic infrastructure, rapidly rising medical costs of an aging population, and sizable budget and trade deficits." );; line 117583 (wfb::measurement-date national_product united_states date_1994 );; line 117609 (wfb::national_product united_states (* 6.7384e12 $) );; line 117609 (wfb::measurement-date national_product_real_growth_rate united_states date_1994 );; line 117613 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate united_states (* 4.1 %) );; line 117613 (wfb::measurement-date national_product_per_capita united_states date_1994 );; line 117617 (wfb::national_product_per_capita united_states (* 25850 $) );; line 117617 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| united_states "2.6% (1994)" );; line 117621 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate united_states date_mar_1995 );; line 117625 (wfb::unemployment_rate united_states (* 5.5 %) );; line 117625 (wfb::budget united_states revenues (* 1.258e12 $) );; line 117630 (wfb::measurement-date budget united_states date_1994 );; line 117632 (wfb::budget united_states expenditures (* 1.461e12 $) );; line 117632 (wfb::budget united_states capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 117632 (wfb::exports united_states (* 513e9 $) );; line 117636 (wfb::exports united_states commodities capital_goods n/a );; line 117638 (wfb::exports united_states commodities automobiles n/a );; line 117638 (wfb::exports united_states commodities industrial_supplies_and_raw_materials n/a );; line 117638 (wfb::exports united_states commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 117638 (wfb::exports united_states commodities agricultural_products n/a );; line 117638 (wfb::measurement-date exports united_states date_1993 );; line 117641 (wfb::exports united_states partners western_europe (* 24.3 %) );; line 117641 (wfb::exports united_states partners canada (* 22.1 %) );; line 117641 (wfb::exports united_states partners japan (* 10.5 %) );; line 117641 (wfb::imports united_states (* 664e9 $) );; line 117645 (wfb::imports united_states commodities crude_oil_and_refined_petroleum_products n/a );; line 117647 (wfb::imports united_states commodities machinery n/a );; line 117647 (wfb::imports united_states commodities automobiles n/a );; line 117647 (wfb::imports united_states commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 117647 (wfb::imports united_states commodities industrial_raw_materials n/a );; line 117647 (wfb::imports united_states commodities food_and_beverages n/a );; line 117647 (wfb::measurement-date imports united_states date_1993 );; line 117650 (wfb::external_debt united_states (* n/a $) );; line 117654 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 117658 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production united_states date_1994 );; line 117658 (wfb::industrial_production united_states growth_rate (* 5.4 %) );; line 117658 (wfb::electricity united_states capacity (* 695120000 kw) );; line 117663 (wfb::electricity united_states production (* 3.1e12 kwh) );; line 117665 (wfb::measurement-date electricity united_states consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 117667 (wfb::electricity united_states consumption_per_capita (* 11236 kwh) );; line 117667 (wfb::industry united_states leading_industrial_power_in_the_world );; line 117671 (wfb::industry united_states highly_diversified_and_technologically_advanced );; line 117671 (wfb::industry united_states petroleum-industry );; line 117671 (wfb::industry united_states steel );; line 117671 (wfb::industry united_states motor_vehicles );; line 117671 (wfb::industry united_states aerospace );; line 117671 (wfb::industry united_states telecommunications );; line 117671 (wfb::industry united_states chemicals );; line 117671 (wfb::industry united_states electronics-industry );; line 117671 (wfb::industry united_states food_processing );; line 117671 (wfb::industry united_states consumer_goods-industry );; line 117671 (wfb::industry united_states lumber );; line 117671 (wfb::industry united_states mining );; line 117671 (wfb::agriculture united_states "accounts for 2% of GDP and 2.9% of labor force; favorable climate and soils support a wide variety of crops and livestock production; world's second largest producer and number one exporter of grain; surplus food producer; fish catch of 4.4 million metric tons (1990)" );; line 117678 (wfb::illicit_drugs united_states "illicit producer of cannabis for domestic consumption with 1987 production estimated at 3,500 metric tons or about 25% of the available marijuana; ongoing eradication program aimed at small plots and greenhouses has not reduced production" );; line 117685 (wfb::economic_aid united_states donor "commitments, including ODA and OOF, (FY80-89), $115.7 billion" );; line 117693 (wfb::abbreviation united_states_dollar "US$" );; line 117697 (wfb::currency united_states united_states_dollar 100 cents );; line 117697 (wfb::exchange_rates united_states british_pounds "(#) per US$ - 0.6350 (January 1995), 0.6529 (1994), 0.6033 (1993), 0.5664 (1992), 0.5652 (1991), 0.5603 (1990)" );; line 117702 (wfb::exchange_rates united_states canadian_dollars "(Can$) per US$ - 1.4129 (January 1995), 1.3656 (1994), 1.2901 (1993), 1.2087 (1992), 1.1457 (1991), 1.1668 (1990)" );; line 117705 (wfb::exchange_rates united_states french_francs "(F) per US$ - 5.2943 (January 1995), 5.5520 (1994), 5.6632 (1993), 5.2938 (1992), 5.6421 (1991), 5.4453 (1990)" );; line 117708 (wfb::exchange_rates united_states italian_lire "(Lit) per US$ - 1,609.5 (January 1995), 1,612.4 (1994), 1,573.7 (1993), 1,232.4 (1992), 1,240.6 (1991), 1,198.1 (1990)" );; line 117711 (wfb::exchange_rates united_states japanese_yen "(Y) per US$ - 99.75 (January 1995), 102.21 (1994), 111.20 (1993), 126.65 (1992), 134.71 (1991), 144.79 (1990)" );; line 117714 (wfb::exchange_rates united_states german_deutsche_marks "(DM) per US$ - 1.5313 (January 1995), 1.6228 (1994), 1.6533 (1993), 1.5617 (1992), 1.6595 (1991), 1.6157 (1990)" );; line 117717 (wfb::fiscal_year united_states date_1_oct date_30_sep );; line 117722 (wfb::railroads united_states total "240,000 km mainline routes (nongovernment owned)" );; line 117728 (wfb::railroads united_states standard_gauge "240,000 km 1.435-m gauge (1989)" );; line 117730 (wfb::highways united_states total (* 6243163 km) );; line 117735 (wfb::comment highways united_states paved "including 84,865 km of expressways" );; line 117737 (wfb::measurement-date highways united_states date_1990 );; line 117739 (wfb::inland_waterways united_states "41,009 km of navigable inland channels, exclusive of the Great Lakes (est.)" );; line 117743 (wfb::measurement-date pipelines date_1991 );; line 117748 (wfb::pipelines petroleum-pipeline-type (* 276000 km) );; line 117748 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 331000 km) );; line 117748 (wfb::port united_states anchorage-united_states );; line 117752 (wfb::port united_states baltimore-united_states );; line 117752 (wfb::port united_states boston-united_states );; line 117752 (wfb::port united_states charleston-united_states );; line 117752 (wfb::port united_states chicago-united_states );; line 117752 (wfb::port united_states duluth-united_states );; line 117752 (wfb::port united_states hampton_roads-united_states );; line 117752 (wfb::port united_states honolulu-united_states );; line 117752 (wfb::port united_states houston-united_states );; line 117752 (wfb::port united_states jacksonville-united_states );; line 117752 (wfb::port united_states los_angeles-united_states );; line 117752 (wfb::port united_states new_orleans-united_states );; line 117752 (wfb::port united_states new_york-united_states );; line 117752 (wfb::port united_states philadelphia-united_states );; line 117752 (wfb::port united_states port_canaveral-united_states );; line 117752 (wfb::port united_states portland-united_states );; line 117752 (wfb::comment port united_states portland-united_states "Oregon" );; line 117752 (wfb::port united_states prudhoe_bay-united_states );; line 117752 (wfb::port united_states san_francisco-united_states );; line 117752 (wfb::port united_states savannah-united_states );; line 117752 (wfb::port united_states seattle-united_states );; line 117752 (wfb::port united_states tampa-united_states );; line 117752 (wfb::port united_states toledo-united_states );; line 117752 (wfb::merchant_marine united_states total "354 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 11,462,000 GRT/16,477,000 DWT" );; line 117760 (wfb::merchant_marine united_states ships_by_type "bulk 22, cargo 28, chemical tanker 16, intermodal 130, liquefied gas tanker 13, passenger-cargo 2, tanker 130, tanker tug-barge 13" );; line 117763 (wfb::comment merchant_marine united_states "in addition, there are 189 government-owned vessels" );; line 117766 (wfb::airports united_states total 15032 );; line 117771 (wfb::airports united_states |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 181 );; line 117773 (wfb::airports united_states |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 208 );; line 117775 (wfb::airports united_states |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 1242 );; line 117777 (wfb::airports united_states |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 2489 );; line 117779 (wfb::airports united_states with_paved_runways_under_914_m 8994 );; line 117781 (wfb::airports united_states |with unpaved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 117783 (wfb::airports united_states |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 7 );; line 117785 (wfb::airports united_states |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 180 );; line 117787 (wfb::airports united_states |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1730 );; line 117789 (wfb::telephone_system united_states "126,000,000 telephones; 7,557,000 cellular telephones" );; line 117794 (wfb::telephone_system united_states local "NA" );; line 117796 (wfb::telephone_system united_states intercity "large system of fiber-optic cable, microwave radio relay, coaxial cable, and domestic satellites" );; line 117798 (wfb::telephone_system united_states international "16 satellites and 24 ocean cable systems in use; 61 INTELSAT (45 Atlantic Ocean and 16 Pacific Ocean) earth stations (1990)" );; line 117801 (wfb::radio united_states broadcast_stations am 4987 );; line 117807 (wfb::radio united_states broadcast_stations fm 4932 );; line 117807 (wfb::radio united_states broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 117807 (wfb::radio united_states radios 530e6 );; line 117809 (wfb::comment television united_states broadcast_stations "about 9,000 cable TV systems" );; line 117814 (wfb::television united_states broadcast_stations 1092 );; line 117814 (wfb::television united_states televisions 193e6 );; line 117816 (wfb::defense_branch united_states department_of_the_army_united_states );; line 117822 (wfb::comment defense_branch united_states department_of_the_navy_united_states "includes Marine Corps" );; line 117822 (wfb::defense_branch united_states department_of_the_navy_united_states );; line 117822 (wfb::defense_branch united_states department_of_the_air_force_united_states );; line 117822 (wfb::markup-parameter figure uruguay "graphno=\"uy.tif\"" );; line 117833 (wfb::location uruguay "Southern South America, bordering the South Atlantic Ocean, between Argentina and Brazil" );; line 117837 (wfb::map_references uruguay "South America" );; line 117842 (wfb::area uruguay total_area (* 176220 sq_km) );; line 117847 (wfb::area uruguay land_area (* 173620 sq_km) );; line 117849 (wfb::area uruguay comparative_area "slightly smaller than Washington State" );; line 117851 (wfb::borders uruguay total (* 1564 km) );; line 117855 (wfb::borders uruguay argentina (* 579 km) );; line 117855 (wfb::borders uruguay brazil (* 985 km) );; line 117855 (wfb::coastline uruguay (* 660 km) );; line 117859 (wfb::international_disputes uruguay "short section of boundary with Argentina is in dispute" );; line 117870 (wfb::international_disputes uruguay "two short sections of the boundary with Brazil are in dispute - Arroyo de la Invernada (Arroio Invernada) area of the Rio Cuareim (Rio Quarai) and the islands at the confluence of the Rio Cuareim (Rio Quarai) and the Uruguay River" );; line 117870 (wfb::climate uruguay "warm temperate" );; line 117877 (wfb::climate uruguay "freezing temperatures almost unknown" );; line 117877 (wfb::terrain uruguay "mostly rolling plains and low hills" );; line 117881 (wfb::terrain uruguay "fertile coastal lowland" );; line 117881 (wfb::natural-resource uruguay soil );; line 117885 (wfb::natural-resource uruguay hydropower_potential );; line 117885 (wfb::natural-resource uruguay minor_minerals );; line 117885 (wfb::land_use uruguay arable_land (* 8 %) );; line 117890 (wfb::land_use uruguay permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 117892 (wfb::land_use uruguay meadows_and_pastures (* 78 %) );; line 117894 (wfb::land_use uruguay forest_and_woodland (* 4 %) );; line 117896 (wfb::land_use uruguay other (* 10 %) );; line 117898 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land uruguay date_1989 );; line 117902 (wfb::irrigated_land uruguay (* 1100 sq_km) );; line 117902 (wfb::environment uruguay current_issues "substantial pollution from Brazilian industry along border" );; line 117907 (wfb::environment uruguay current_issues "one-fifth of country affected by acid rain generated by Brazil" );; line 117907 (wfb::environment uruguay current_issues "water pollution from meat packing/tannery industry" );; line 117907 (wfb::environment uruguay current_issues "inadequate solid/hazardous waste disposal" );; line 117907 (wfb::environment uruguay natural_hazards "seasonally high winds (the pampero is a chilly and occasional violent wind which blows north from the Argentine pampas), droughts, floods" );; line 117912 (wfb::environment uruguay natural_hazards "because of the absence of mountains, which act as weather barriers, all locations are particularly vulnerable to rapid changes in weather fronts" );; line 117912 (wfb::environment uruguay international_agreements "party to - Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands" );; line 117917 (wfb::environment uruguay international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation" );; line 117917 (wfb::estimation-date population uruguay date_jul_1995 );; line 117927 (wfb::population uruguay 3222716 );; line 117927 (wfb::age_structure uruguay 0-14_years (* 25 %) );; line 117932 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex uruguay 0-14_years female 392262 );; line 117932 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex uruguay 0-14_years male 409580 );; line 117932 (wfb::age_structure uruguay 15-64_years (* 63 %) );; line 117934 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex uruguay 15-64_years female 1026314 );; line 117934 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex uruguay 15-64_years male 995492 );; line 117934 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure uruguay 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 117936 (wfb::age_structure uruguay 65_years_and_over (* 12 %) );; line 117936 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex uruguay 65_years_and_over female 233377 );; line 117936 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex uruguay 65_years_and_over male 165691 );; line 117936 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate uruguay date_1995 );; line 117940 (wfb::population_growth_rate uruguay (* 0.74 %) );; line 117940 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate uruguay date_1995 );; line 117944 (wfb::birth_rate uruguay (* 17.57 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 117944 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate uruguay date_1995 );; line 117948 (wfb::death_rate uruguay (* 9.27 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 117948 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate uruguay date_1995 );; line 117952 (wfb::net_migration_rate uruguay (* -0.93 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 117952 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate uruguay date_1995 );; line 117956 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate uruguay (* 16.3 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 117956 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth uruguay total_population (* 74.46 years) );; line 117961 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth uruguay male (* 71.24 years) );; line 117963 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth uruguay female date_1995 );; line 117965 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth uruguay female (* 77.83 years) );; line 117965 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate uruguay date_1995 );; line 117969 (wfb::total_fertility_rate uruguay (* 2.41 children_born/woman) );; line 117969 (wfb::nationality uruguay noun "Uruguayan(s)" );; line 117974 (wfb::nationality uruguay adjective "Uruguayan" );; line 117976 (wfb::ethnic-entity uruguay white (* 88 %) );; line 117980 (wfb::ethnic-entity uruguay mestizo (* 8 %) );; line 117980 (wfb::ethnic-entity uruguay black (* 4 %) );; line 117980 (wfb::comment religion "less than half adult population attends church regularly" );; line 117984 (wfb::religion uruguay roman_catholic (* 66 %) );; line 117984 (wfb::religion uruguay protestant (* 2 %) );; line 117984 (wfb::religion uruguay jewish (* 2 %) );; line 117984 (wfb::religion uruguay nonprofessing_or_other (* 30 %) );; line 117984 (wfb::language uruguay spanish-language-group n/a );; line 117989 (wfb::language uruguay brazilero n/a );; line 117989 (wfb::comment language uruguay brazilero "Portuguese-Spanish mix on the Brazilian frontier" );; line 117989 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition uruguay date_1990 );; line 117994 (wfb::literacy-condition uruguay "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 117994 (wfb::literacy uruguay total_population (* 96 %) );; line 117996 (wfb::literacy uruguay male (* 97 %) );; line 117998 (wfb::literacy uruguay female (* 96 %) );; line 118000 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force uruguay date_1991 );; line 118004 (wfb::total_labor_force uruguay 1.355e6 );; line 118004 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force uruguay by_occupation date_1988 );; line 118006 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1988 );; line 118006 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation uruguay government (* 25 %) );; line 118006 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation uruguay manufacturing (* 19 %) );; line 118006 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation uruguay agriculture (* 11 %) );; line 118006 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation uruguay commerce (* 12 %) );; line 118006 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation uruguay utilities n/a );; line 118006 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation uruguay construction n/a );; line 118006 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation uruguay transport n/a );; line 118006 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation uruguay communications (* 12 %) );; line 118006 (wfb::names uruguay conventional_long_form "Oriental Republic of Uruguay" );; line 118014 (wfb::names uruguay conventional_short_form "Uruguay" );; line 118016 (wfb::names uruguay local_long_form "Republica Oriental del Uruguay" );; line 118018 (wfb::names uruguay local_short_form "Uruguay" );; line 118020 (wfb::digraph uruguay "UY" );; line 118024 (wfb::type uruguay "republic" );; line 118028 (wfb::capital uruguay montevideo-uruguay );; line 118032 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_uruguay_departments "departments" "departamentos" "departamento" );; line 118036 (wfb::administrative_divisions uruguay adm_div_uruguay_departments 19 );; line 118036 (wfb::administrative_division_of uruguay adm_div_uruguay_departments "Artigas" );; line 118036 (wfb::administrative_division_of uruguay adm_div_uruguay_departments "Canelones" );; line 118036 (wfb::administrative_division_of uruguay adm_div_uruguay_departments "Cerro Largo" );; line 118036 (wfb::administrative_division_of uruguay adm_div_uruguay_departments "Colonia" );; line 118036 (wfb::administrative_division_of uruguay adm_div_uruguay_departments "Durazno" );; line 118036 (wfb::administrative_division_of uruguay adm_div_uruguay_departments "Flores" );; line 118036 (wfb::administrative_division_of uruguay adm_div_uruguay_departments "Florida" );; line 118036 (wfb::administrative_division_of uruguay adm_div_uruguay_departments "Lavalleja" );; line 118036 (wfb::administrative_division_of uruguay adm_div_uruguay_departments "Maldonado" );; line 118036 (wfb::administrative_division_of uruguay adm_div_uruguay_departments "Montevideo" );; line 118036 (wfb::administrative_division_of uruguay adm_div_uruguay_departments "Paysandu" );; line 118036 (wfb::administrative_division_of uruguay adm_div_uruguay_departments "Rio Negro" );; line 118036 (wfb::administrative_division_of uruguay adm_div_uruguay_departments "Rivera" );; line 118036 (wfb::administrative_division_of uruguay adm_div_uruguay_departments "Rocha" );; line 118036 (wfb::administrative_division_of uruguay adm_div_uruguay_departments "Salto" );; line 118036 (wfb::administrative_division_of uruguay adm_div_uruguay_departments "San Jose" );; line 118036 (wfb::administrative_division_of uruguay adm_div_uruguay_departments "Soriano" );; line 118036 (wfb::administrative_division_of uruguay adm_div_uruguay_departments "Tacuarembo" );; line 118036 (wfb::administrative_division_of uruguay adm_div_uruguay_departments "Treinta y Tres" );; line 118036 (wfb::independence uruguay date_25_aug_1828 "Brazil" );; line 118043 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1828 );; line 118047 (wfb::comment national_holiday uruguay "1828" );; line 118047 (wfb::national_holiday uruguay "Independence Day" date_25_aug );; line 118047 (wfb::constitution uruguay "27 November 1966, effective February 1967, suspended 27 June 1973, new constitution rejected by referendum 30 November 1980" );; line 118051 (wfb::legal_system uruguay "based on Spanish civil law system; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 118056 (wfb::comment suffrage uruguay " universal and compulsory" );; line 118061 (wfb::suffrage uruguay (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 118061 (wfb::comment executive_branch uruguay chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "Vice President Hugo BATALLA (since 1 March 1995)" );; line 118066 (wfb::comment executive_branch uruguay chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "election last held 27 November 1994 (next to be held NA November 1999)" );; line 118066 (wfb::executive_branch uruguay chief_of_state "President Julio Maria SANGUINETTI " date_1_mar_1995 );; line 118066 (wfb::executive_branch uruguay head_of_government "President Julio Maria SANGUINETTI " date_1_mar_1995 );; line 118066 (wfb::comment executive_branch uruguay cabinet "appointed by the president" );; line 118070 (wfb::executive_branch uruguay cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 118070 (wfb::legislative_structure uruguay bicameral "General Assembly (Asamblea General)" );; line 118074 (wfb::legislative_branch uruguay "Chamber of Senators (Camara de Senadores)" "elections last held 27 November 1994 (next to be held NA November 1999); results - Colorado 36%, Blanco 34 %, Encuentro Progresista 27%, New Sector 3%; seats - (30 total) Colorado 11, Blanco 10, Encuentro Progresista 8, New Sector 1" );; line 118076 (wfb::legislative_branch uruguay "Chamber of Representatives (Camera de Representantes)" "elections last held 27 November 1994 (next to be held NA November 1999); results - Colorado 32%, Blanco 31%, Encuentro Progresista 31%, New Sector 5%; seats - (99 total) Colorado 32, Blanco 31, Encuentro Progresista 31, New Sector 5" );; line 118081 (wfb::judicial_branch uruguay "Supreme Court" );; line 118088 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders uruguay "National (Blanco) Party; Colorado Party, Jorge BATLLE; Broad Front Coalition, Gen. Liber SEREGNI Mosquera; New Sector Coalition, Hugo BATALLA; Encuentro Progresista" );; line 118092 (wfb::member_of uruguay ag );; line 118098 (wfb::comment member_of uruguay ag "observer" );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay ccc );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay eclac );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay fao );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay g-11 );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay g-77 );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay gatt );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay iadb );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay iaea );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay ibrd );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay icao );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay icc );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay icrm );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay ifad );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay ifc );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay ifrcs );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay ilo );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay imf );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay imo );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay intelsat );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay interpol );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay ioc );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay iom );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay iso );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay itu );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay laes );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay laia );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay mercosur );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay nam );; line 118098 (wfb::comment member_of uruguay nam "observer" );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay oas );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay opanal );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay pca );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay rg );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay un );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay unamir );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay unctad );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay unesco );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay unido );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay unikom );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay unmogip );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay unomil );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay unomoz );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay upu );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay wcl );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay wftu );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay who );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay wipo );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay wmo );; line 118098 (wfb::member_of uruguay wto );; line 118098 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us uruguay chief_of_mission "Ambassador Eduardo MACGILLYCUDDY" );; line 118107 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us uruguay chancery "1918 F Street NW, Washington, DC 20006" );; line 118109 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us uruguay telephone "[1] (202) 331-1313 through 1316" );; line 118111 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us uruguay |consulate(s) general| "Los Angeles, Miami, and New York" );; line 118113 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us uruguay |consulate(s)| "New Orleans" );; line 118115 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation uruguay chief_of_mission "Ambassador Thomas J. DODD" );; line 118120 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation uruguay embassy "Lauro Muller 1776, Montevideo" );; line 118122 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation uruguay mailing_address "APO AA 34035" );; line 118124 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation uruguay telephone "[598] (2) 23 60 61, 48 77 77" );; line 118126 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation uruguay fax "[598] (2) 48 86 11" );; line 118128 (wfb::flag uruguay "nine equal horizontal stripes of white (top and bottom) alternating with blue; there is a white square in the upper hoist-side corner with a yellow sun bearing a human face known as the Sun of May and 16 rays alternately triangular and wavy" );; line 118132 (wfb::overview uruguay "Uruguay's economy is a small one with favorable climate, good soils, and substantial hydropower potential. Economic development has been restrained in recent years by excessive government regulation of economic detail and 40% to 130% inflation. Although the GDP growth rate slowed in 1993 to 1.7%, following a healthy expansion to 7.5% in 1992, it rebounded in 1994 to an estimated 4%, spurred mostly by increasing agricultural and other exports and a surprise reversal of the downward trend in industrial production. In a major step toward regional economic cooperation, Uruguay confirmed its commitment to the Southern Cone Common Market (MERCOSUR) customs union by implementing MERCOSUR's common external tariff on most tradables on 1 January 1995. Inflation in 1994 declined for the third consecutive year, yet, at 44%, it remains the highest in the region; analysts predict that the expanding fiscal deficit and wage indexation will force the inflation rate back toward the 50% mark in 1995." );; line 118140 (wfb::estimation-date national_product uruguay date_1994 );; line 118157 (wfb::national_product uruguay (* 23e9 $) );; line 118157 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate uruguay date_1994 );; line 118161 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate uruguay (* 4 %) );; line 118161 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita uruguay date_1994 );; line 118165 (wfb::national_product_per_capita uruguay (* 7200 $) );; line 118165 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| uruguay "44% (1994 est.)" );; line 118169 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate uruguay date_1994 );; line 118173 (wfb::unemployment_rate uruguay (* 9 %) );; line 118173 (wfb::budget uruguay revenues (* 2.9e9 $) );; line 118178 (wfb::estimation-date budget uruguay date_1991 );; line 118180 (wfb::budget uruguay expenditures (* 3e9 $) );; line 118180 (wfb::budget uruguay capital_expenditures (* 388e6 $) );; line 118180 (wfb::exports uruguay (* 1.78e9 $) );; line 118185 (wfb::exports uruguay commodities wool_and_textile_manufactures n/a );; line 118187 (wfb::exports uruguay commodities beef_and_other_animal_products n/a );; line 118187 (wfb::exports uruguay commodities leather n/a );; line 118187 (wfb::exports uruguay commodities rice n/a );; line 118187 (wfb::exports uruguay partners brazil n/a );; line 118190 (wfb::exports uruguay partners argentina n/a );; line 118190 (wfb::exports uruguay partners us n/a );; line 118190 (wfb::exports uruguay partners china n/a );; line 118190 (wfb::exports uruguay partners italy n/a );; line 118190 (wfb::imports uruguay (* 2.461e9 $) );; line 118194 (wfb::imports uruguay commodities machinery_and_equipment n/a );; line 118196 (wfb::imports uruguay commodities vehicles n/a );; line 118196 (wfb::imports uruguay commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 118196 (wfb::imports uruguay commodities minerals n/a );; line 118196 (wfb::imports uruguay commodities plastics-commodity n/a );; line 118196 (wfb::imports uruguay partners brazil n/a );; line 118198 (wfb::imports uruguay partners argentina n/a );; line 118198 (wfb::imports uruguay partners us n/a );; line 118198 (wfb::imports uruguay partners nigeria n/a );; line 118198 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt uruguay date_1993 );; line 118202 (wfb::external_debt uruguay (* 4.2e9 $) );; line 118202 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1992 );; line 118206 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production uruguay date_1992 );; line 118206 (wfb::industrial_production uruguay growth_rate (* 3.9 %) );; line 118206 (wfb::industrial_production uruguay accounts_for (* 28 %_of_gdp) );; line 118206 (wfb::electricity uruguay capacity (* 2070000 kw) );; line 118211 (wfb::electricity uruguay production (* 9e9 kwh) );; line 118213 (wfb::measurement-date electricity uruguay consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 118215 (wfb::electricity uruguay consumption_per_capita (* 1575 kwh) );; line 118215 (wfb::industry uruguay meat_processing );; line 118219 (wfb::industry uruguay wool-industry );; line 118219 (wfb::industry uruguay hides-industry );; line 118219 (wfb::industry uruguay sugar );; line 118219 (wfb::industry uruguay textiles );; line 118219 (wfb::industry uruguay footwear-industry );; line 118219 (wfb::industry uruguay leather_apparel );; line 118219 (wfb::industry uruguay tires );; line 118219 (wfb::industry uruguay cement );; line 118219 (wfb::industry uruguay petroleum_refining );; line 118219 (wfb::industry uruguay wine-industry );; line 118219 (wfb::agriculture uruguay "accounts for 12% of GDP; large areas devoted to livestock grazing; wheat, rice, corn, sorghum; fishing; self-sufficient in most basic foodstuffs" );; line 118224 (wfb::economic_aid uruguay recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-88), $105 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $420 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $69 million" );; line 118230 (wfb::abbreviation uruguayan_peso "$Ur" );; line 118236 (wfb::currency uruguay uruguayan_peso 100 centesimos );; line 118236 (wfb::exchange_rates uruguay "Uruguayan pesos ($Ur) per US$1 - 5.6 (January 1995), 4.4710 (January 1994), 3.9484 (1993), 3.0270 (1992), 2.0188 (1991), 1.1710 (1990)" );; line 118240 (wfb::comment exchange_rates uruguay "on 1 March 1993 the former New Peso (N$Ur) was replaced as Uruguay's unit of currency by the Peso which is equal to 1,000 of the New Pesos" );; line 118243 (wfb::fiscal_year uruguay date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 118248 (wfb::railroads uruguay total "3,000 km" );; line 118254 (wfb::railroads uruguay standard_gauge "3,000 km 1.435-m gauge" );; line 118256 (wfb::highways uruguay total (* 49900 km) );; line 118261 (wfb::highways uruguay paved (* 6700 km) );; line 118263 (wfb::highways uruguay gravel (* 3000 km) );; line 118265 (wfb::highways uruguay earth (* 40200 km) );; line 118265 (wfb::inland_waterways uruguay "1,600 km; used by coastal and shallow-draft river craft" );; line 118269 (wfb::port uruguay fray_bentos-uruguay );; line 118273 (wfb::port uruguay montevideo-uruguay );; line 118273 (wfb::port uruguay nueva_palmira-uruguay );; line 118273 (wfb::port uruguay paysandu-uruguay );; line 118273 (wfb::port uruguay punta_del_este-uruguay );; line 118273 (wfb::merchant_marine uruguay total "3 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 71,405 GRT/110,939 DWT" );; line 118278 (wfb::merchant_marine uruguay ships_by_type "cargo 1, container 1, oil tanker 1" );; line 118280 (wfb::airports uruguay total 85 );; line 118285 (wfb::airports uruguay |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 2 );; line 118287 (wfb::airports uruguay |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 5 );; line 118289 (wfb::airports uruguay |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 8 );; line 118291 (wfb::airports uruguay with_paved_runways_under_914_m 54 );; line 118293 (wfb::airports uruguay |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 2 );; line 118295 (wfb::airports uruguay |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 14 );; line 118297 (wfb::telephone_system uruguay "337,000 telephones; telephone density 10/100 persons; some modern facilities" );; line 118302 (wfb::telephone_system uruguay local "most modern facilities concentrated in Montevideo" );; line 118305 (wfb::telephone_system uruguay intercity "new nationwide microwave network" );; line 118307 (wfb::telephone_system uruguay international "2 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth stations" );; line 118309 (wfb::radio uruguay broadcast_stations am 99 );; line 118314 (wfb::radio uruguay broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 118314 (wfb::radio uruguay broadcast_stations shortwave 9 );; line 118314 (wfb::radio uruguay radios n/a );; line 118316 (wfb::television uruguay broadcast_stations 26 );; line 118321 (wfb::television uruguay televisions n/a );; line 118323 (wfb::defense_branch uruguay army_uruguay );; line 118329 (wfb::comment defense_branch uruguay navy_uruguay "includes Naval Air Arm, Coast Guard, Marines" );; line 118329 (wfb::defense_branch uruguay navy_uruguay );; line 118329 (wfb::defense_branch uruguay air_force_uruguay );; line 118329 (wfb::defense_branch uruguay grenadier_guards_uruguay );; line 118329 (wfb::defense_branch uruguay coracero_guard_uruguay );; line 118329 (wfb::defense_branch uruguay police_uruguay );; line 118329 (wfb::manpower_availability uruguay "males age 15-49 775,060; males fit for military service 629,385 (1995 est.)" );; line 118334 (wfb::estimation-date defense_expenditures uruguay date_1991 );; line 118339 (wfb::defense_expenditures uruguay (* 216e6 $) );; line 118339 (wfb::defense_expenditures uruguay (* 2.3 %_of_gdp) );; line 118339 (wfb::markup-parameter figure uzbekistan "graphno=\"uz.tif\"" );; line 118345 (wfb::location uzbekistan "Central Asia, north of Afghanistan" );; line 118349 (wfb::map_references uzbekistan "Commonwealth of Independent States - Central Asian States" );; line 118353 (wfb::area uzbekistan total_area (* 447400 sq_km) );; line 118358 (wfb::area uzbekistan land_area (* 425400 sq_km) );; line 118360 (wfb::area uzbekistan comparative_area "slightly larger than California" );; line 118362 (wfb::borders uzbekistan total (* 6221 km) );; line 118366 (wfb::borders uzbekistan afghanistan (* 137 km) );; line 118366 (wfb::borders uzbekistan kazakhstan (* 2203 km) );; line 118366 (wfb::borders uzbekistan kyrgyzstan (* 1099 km) );; line 118366 (wfb::borders uzbekistan tajikistan (* 1161 km) );; line 118366 (wfb::borders uzbekistan turkmenistan (* 1621 km) );; line 118366 (wfb::coastline uzbekistan (* 0 km) );; line 118371 (wfb::comment coastline uzbekistan "Uzbekistan borders the Aral Sea (420 km)" );; line 118373 (wfb::maritime_claims uzbekistan "none; landlocked" );; line 118377 (wfb::international_disputes uzbekistan "none" );; line 118381 (wfb::climate uzbekistan "mostly midlatitude desert, long, hot summers, mild winters" );; line 118385 (wfb::climate uzbekistan "semiarid grassland in east" );; line 118385 (wfb::terrain uzbekistan "mostly flat-to-rolling sandy desert with dunes" );; line 118390 (wfb::terrain uzbekistan "broad, flat intensely irrigated river valleys along course of Amu Darya and Sirdaryo Rivers" );; line 118390 (wfb::terrain uzbekistan "Fergana Valley in east surrounded by mountainous Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan" );; line 118390 (wfb::terrain uzbekistan "shrinking Aral Sea in west" );; line 118390 (wfb::natural-resource uzbekistan natural_gas );; line 118397 (wfb::natural-resource uzbekistan petroleum );; line 118397 (wfb::natural-resource uzbekistan coal );; line 118397 (wfb::natural-resource uzbekistan gold );; line 118397 (wfb::natural-resource uzbekistan uranium );; line 118397 (wfb::natural-resource uzbekistan silver );; line 118397 (wfb::natural-resource uzbekistan copper );; line 118397 (wfb::natural-resource uzbekistan lead );; line 118397 (wfb::natural-resource uzbekistan zinc );; line 118397 (wfb::natural-resource uzbekistan tungsten );; line 118397 (wfb::natural-resource uzbekistan molybdenum );; line 118397 (wfb::land_use uzbekistan arable_land (* 10 %) );; line 118403 (wfb::land_use uzbekistan permanent_crops (* 1 %) );; line 118405 (wfb::land_use uzbekistan meadows_and_pastures (* 47 %) );; line 118407 (wfb::land_use uzbekistan forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 118409 (wfb::land_use uzbekistan other (* 42 %) );; line 118411 (wfb::measurement-date irrigated_land uzbekistan date_1990 );; line 118415 (wfb::irrigated_land uzbekistan (* 41550 sq_km) );; line 118415 (wfb::environment uzbekistan current_issues "drying up of the Aral Sea is resulting in growing concentrations of chemical pesticides and natural salts" );; line 118420 (wfb::environment uzbekistan current_issues "these substances are then blown from the increasingly exposed lake bed and contribute to desertification" );; line 118420 (wfb::environment uzbekistan current_issues "water pollution from industrial wastes and the heavy use of fertilizers and pesticides is the cause of many human health disorders" );; line 118420 (wfb::environment uzbekistan current_issues "increasing soil salinization" );; line 118420 (wfb::environment uzbekistan current_issues "soil contamination from agricultural chemicals, including DDT" );; line 118420 (wfb::environment uzbekistan natural_hazards "NA" );; line 118427 (wfb::environment uzbekistan international_agreements "party to - Climate Change, Environmental Modification, Ozone Layer Protection" );; line 118429 (wfb::note uzbekistan "landlocked" );; line 118434 (wfb::estimation-date population uzbekistan date_jul_1995 );; line 118440 (wfb::population uzbekistan 23089261 );; line 118440 (wfb::age_structure uzbekistan 0-14_years (* 40 %) );; line 118445 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex uzbekistan 0-14_years female 4553432 );; line 118445 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex uzbekistan 0-14_years male 4670496 );; line 118445 (wfb::age_structure uzbekistan 15-64_years (* 55 %) );; line 118447 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex uzbekistan 15-64_years female 6400578 );; line 118447 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex uzbekistan 15-64_years male 6384862 );; line 118447 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure uzbekistan 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 118449 (wfb::age_structure uzbekistan 65_years_and_over (* 5 %) );; line 118449 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex uzbekistan 65_years_and_over female 656933 );; line 118449 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex uzbekistan 65_years_and_over male 422960 );; line 118449 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate uzbekistan date_1995 );; line 118453 (wfb::population_growth_rate uzbekistan (* 2.08 %) );; line 118453 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate uzbekistan date_1995 );; line 118457 (wfb::birth_rate uzbekistan (* 29.45 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 118457 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate uzbekistan date_1995 );; line 118461 (wfb::death_rate uzbekistan (* 6.44 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 118461 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate uzbekistan date_1995 );; line 118465 (wfb::net_migration_rate uzbekistan (* -2.23 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 118465 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate uzbekistan date_1995 );; line 118469 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate uzbekistan (* 52 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 118469 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth uzbekistan total_population (* 68.79 years) );; line 118474 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth uzbekistan male (* 65.5 years) );; line 118476 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth uzbekistan female date_1995 );; line 118478 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth uzbekistan female (* 72.24 years) );; line 118478 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate uzbekistan date_1995 );; line 118482 (wfb::total_fertility_rate uzbekistan (* 3.67 children_born/woman) );; line 118482 (wfb::nationality uzbekistan noun "Uzbek(s)" );; line 118487 (wfb::nationality uzbekistan adjective "Uzbek" );; line 118489 (wfb::ethnic-entity uzbekistan uzbek (* 71.4 %) );; line 118493 (wfb::ethnic-entity uzbekistan russian (* 8.3 %) );; line 118493 (wfb::ethnic-entity uzbekistan tajik (* 4.7 %) );; line 118493 (wfb::ethnic-entity uzbekistan kazakh (* 4.1 %) );; line 118493 (wfb::ethnic-entity uzbekistan tatar (* 2.4 %) );; line 118493 (wfb::ethnic-entity uzbekistan karakalpak (* 2.1 %) );; line 118493 (wfb::comment religion "mostly Sunnis" );; line 118498 (wfb::religion uzbekistan muslim (* 88 %) );; line 118498 (wfb::religion uzbekistan eastern_orthodox (* 9 %) );; line 118498 (wfb::language uzbekistan uzbek-language-group (* 74.3 %) );; line 118502 (wfb::language uzbekistan russian-language-group (* 14.2 %) );; line 118502 (wfb::language uzbekistan tajik-language-group (* 4.4 %) );; line 118502 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition uzbekistan date_1989 );; line 118506 (wfb::literacy-condition uzbekistan "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 118506 (wfb::literacy uzbekistan total_population (* 97 %) );; line 118508 (wfb::literacy uzbekistan male (* 98 %) );; line 118510 (wfb::literacy uzbekistan female (* 96 %) );; line 118512 (wfb::total_labor_force uzbekistan 8.234e6 );; line 118516 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force uzbekistan by_occupation date_1992 );; line 118518 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1992 );; line 118518 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation uzbekistan agriculture_and_forestry (* 43 %) );; line 118518 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation uzbekistan industry_and_construction (* 22 %) );; line 118518 (wfb::names uzbekistan conventional_long_form "Republic of Uzbekistan" );; line 118525 (wfb::names uzbekistan conventional_short_form "Uzbekistan" );; line 118527 (wfb::names uzbekistan local_long_form "Uzbekiston Respublikasi" );; line 118529 (wfb::names uzbekistan former "Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic" );; line 118533 (wfb::digraph uzbekistan "UZ" );; line 118537 (wfb::type uzbekistan "republic" );; line 118541 (wfb::comment capital uzbekistan "Toshkent" );; line 118545 (wfb::capital uzbekistan tashkent-uzbekistan );; line 118545 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_uzbekistan_wiloyatlar "wiloyatlar" "wiloyatlar" "wiloyat" );; line 118549 (wfb::administrative_divisions uzbekistan adm_div_uzbekistan_wiloyatlar 12 );; line 118549 (wfb::administrative_division |adm_div_uzbekistan_autonomous republic (respublikasi),| "autonomous republic (respublikasi)," "n/a" "n/a" );; line 118549 (wfb::administrative_divisions uzbekistan |adm_div_uzbekistan_autonomous republic (respublikasi),| 1 );; line 118549 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_uzbekistan_city "city" "n/a" "shahri" );; line 118549 (wfb::administrative_divisions uzbekistan adm_div_uzbekistan_city 1 );; line 118549 (wfb::administrative_division_of uzbekistan adm_div_uzbekistan_wiloyatlar "Andijon Wiloyati" );; line 118549 (wfb::administrative_division_of uzbekistan adm_div_uzbekistan_wiloyatlar "Bukhoro Wiloyati" );; line 118549 (wfb::administrative_division_of uzbekistan adm_div_uzbekistan_wiloyatlar "Jizzakh Wiloyati" );; line 118549 (wfb::administrative_division_of uzbekistan adm_div_uzbekistan_wiloyatlar "Farghona Wiloyati" );; line 118549 (wfb::administrative_division_of uzbekistan |adm_div_uzbekistan_autonomous republic (respublikasi),| "Qoraqalpoghiston (Nukus)" );; line 118549 (wfb::administrative_division_of uzbekistan adm_div_uzbekistan_wiloyatlar "Qashqadaryo Wiloyati (Qarshi)" );; line 118549 (wfb::administrative_division_of uzbekistan adm_div_uzbekistan_wiloyatlar "Khorazm Wiloyati (Urganch)" );; line 118549 (wfb::administrative_division_of uzbekistan adm_div_uzbekistan_wiloyatlar "Namangan Wiloyati" );; line 118549 (wfb::administrative_division_of uzbekistan adm_div_uzbekistan_wiloyatlar "Nawoiy Wiloyati" );; line 118549 (wfb::administrative_division_of uzbekistan adm_div_uzbekistan_wiloyatlar "Samarqand Wiloyati" );; line 118549 (wfb::administrative_division_of uzbekistan adm_div_uzbekistan_wiloyatlar "Sirdaryo Wiloyati (Guliston)" );; line 118549 (wfb::administrative_division_of uzbekistan adm_div_uzbekistan_wiloyatlar "Surkhondaryo Wiloyati (Termiz)" );; line 118549 (wfb::administrative_division_of uzbekistan adm_div_uzbekistan_city "Toshkent Shahri" );; line 118549 (wfb::administrative_division_of uzbekistan adm_div_uzbekistan_wiloyatlar "Toshkent Wiloyati" );; line 118549 (wfb::comment administrative_divisions uzbekistan "an administrative division has the same name as its administrative center (exceptions have the administrative center name following in parentheses)" );; line 118556 (wfb::independence uzbekistan date_31_aug_1991 "Soviet Union" );; line 118562 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1991 );; line 118566 (wfb::comment national_holiday uzbekistan "1991" );; line 118566 (wfb::national_holiday uzbekistan "Independence Day" date_1_sep );; line 118566 (wfb::constitution uzbekistan "new constitution adopted 8 December 1992" );; line 118570 (wfb::legal_system uzbekistan "evolution of Soviet civil law; still lacks independent judicial system" );; line 118574 (wfb::comment suffrage uzbekistan " universal" );; line 118579 (wfb::suffrage uzbekistan (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 118579 (wfb::comment executive_branch uzbekistan chief_of_state "election last held 29 December 1991 (next to be held NA)" );; line 118584 (wfb::comment executive_branch uzbekistan chief_of_state "results - Islam KARIMOV 86%, Mukhammad SOLIKH 12%, other 2%" );; line 118584 (wfb::comment executive_branch uzbekistan chief_of_state "note - a 26 March 1995 referendum extended KARIMOV's term until 2000 (99.6% approval)" );; line 118584 (wfb::executive_branch uzbekistan chief_of_state "President Islam KARIMOV " date_mar_1990 );; line 118584 (wfb::comment executive_branch uzbekistan head_of_government "Deputy Prime Ministers Viktor CHIZHEN, Bakhtiyar HAMIDOV, Kayim KHAKKULOV, Yuriy PAYGIN, Saidmukhtar SAIDKASYMOV, Utkur SULTANOV, Mirabror USMANOV, Murat SHARIFKHOJAYEV (since NA)" );; line 118589 (wfb::comment executive_branch uzbekistan cabinet "appointed by the president with approval of the Supreme Assembly" );; line 118594 (wfb::executive_branch uzbekistan cabinet "Cabinet of Ministers" );; line 118594 (wfb::legislative_structure uzbekistan unicameral n/a );; line 118599 (wfb::legislative_branch uzbekistan "Supreme Council" "elections last held 25 December 1994 (next to be held NA); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (250 total) People's Democratic Party 207, Fatherland Progress Party 12, other 31; note - final runoffs were held 22 January 1995; seating was as follows: People's Democratic Party 69, Fatherland Progress Party 14, Social Democratic Party 47, local government 120" );; line 118601 (wfb::judicial_branch uzbekistan "Supreme Court" );; line 118609 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders uzbekistan "People's Democratic Party (PDP; formerly Communist Party), Islam A. KARIMOV, chairman; Fatherland Progress Party (FPP), Anwar YULDASHEV, chairman; Social Democratic Party, Anvar JORABAYEV, chairman; Erk (Freedom) Democratic Party (EDP), Muhammad SOLIKH, chairman (in exile); note - EDP was banned 9 December 1992" );; line 118613 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups uzbekistan "Birlik (Unity) People's Movement (BPM), Abdul Rakhim PULATOV, chairman (in exile); Islamic Rebirth Party (IRP), Abdullah UTAYEV, chairman; Adolat-94 (formed by former Vice President Shukhrat MIRSAIDOV and Ibragim BURIEV" );; line 118621 (wfb::comment other_political_or_pressure_groups uzbekistan "PULATOV (BPM) is in exile in the West; UTAYEV (IRP) is either in prison or in exile" );; line 118625 (wfb::member_of uzbekistan asdb );; line 118630 (wfb::member_of uzbekistan ccc );; line 118630 (wfb::member_of uzbekistan cis );; line 118630 (wfb::member_of uzbekistan ebrd );; line 118630 (wfb::member_of uzbekistan ece );; line 118630 (wfb::member_of uzbekistan eco );; line 118630 (wfb::member_of uzbekistan escap );; line 118630 (wfb::member_of uzbekistan iaea );; line 118630 (wfb::member_of uzbekistan ibrd );; line 118630 (wfb::member_of uzbekistan icao );; line 118630 (wfb::member_of uzbekistan ida );; line 118630 (wfb::member_of uzbekistan ifc );; line 118630 (wfb::member_of uzbekistan ilo );; line 118630 (wfb::member_of uzbekistan imf );; line 118630 (wfb::member_of uzbekistan interpol );; line 118630 (wfb::member_of uzbekistan ioc );; line 118630 (wfb::member_of uzbekistan iso );; line 118630 (wfb::member_of uzbekistan itu );; line 118630 (wfb::member_of uzbekistan nacc );; line 118630 (wfb::member_of uzbekistan nam );; line 118630 (wfb::member_of uzbekistan osce );; line 118630 (wfb::member_of uzbekistan pfp );; line 118630 (wfb::member_of uzbekistan un );; line 118630 (wfb::member_of uzbekistan unctad );; line 118630 (wfb::member_of uzbekistan unesco );; line 118630 (wfb::member_of uzbekistan unido );; line 118630 (wfb::member_of uzbekistan upu );; line 118630 (wfb::member_of uzbekistan who );; line 118630 (wfb::member_of uzbekistan wipo );; line 118630 (wfb::member_of uzbekistan wmo );; line 118630 (wfb::member_of uzbekistan wto );; line 118630 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us uzbekistan chief_of_mission "Ambassador Fatikh TESHABAYEV" );; line 118637 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us uzbekistan chancery "(temporary) Suites 619 and 623, 1511 K Street NW, Washington, DC 20005" );; line 118639 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us uzbekistan telephone "[1] (202) 638-4266, 4267" );; line 118642 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us uzbekistan fax "[1] (202) 638-4268" );; line 118644 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us uzbekistan |consulate(s) general| "New York" );; line 118646 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation uzbekistan chief_of_mission "Ambassador Henry L. CLARKE" );; line 118651 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation uzbekistan embassy "82 Chilanzarskaya, Tashkent" );; line 118653 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation uzbekistan mailing_address "use embassy street address" );; line 118655 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation uzbekistan telephone "[7] (3712) 77-14-07, 77-10-81" );; line 118657 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation uzbekistan fax "[7] (3712) 77-69-53" );; line 118659 (wfb::flag uzbekistan "three equal horizontal bands of blue (top), white, and green separated by red fimbriations with a crescent moon and 12 stars in the upper hoist-side quadrant" );; line 118663 (wfb::overview uzbekistan "Uzbekistan is a dry, landlocked country of which 10% consists of intensely cultivated, irrigated river valleys. It is one of the poorest states of the former USSR with 60% of its population living in overpopulated rural communities. Nevertheless, Uzbekistan is the world's third largest cotton exporter, a major producer of gold and natural gas, and a regionally significant producer of chemicals and machinery. Since independence, the government has sought to prop up the Soviet-style command economy with subsidies and tight controls on prices and production. Such policies have buffered the economy from the sharp declines in output and high inflation experienced by many other former Soviet republics. They had become increasingly unsustainable, however, as inflation moves along at 14% per month and as Russia has forced the Uzbek government to introduce its own currency. Faced with mounting economic problems, the government has begun to move on a reform agenda and cooperate with international financial institutions, announced an acceleration of privatization, and stepped up efforts to attract foreign investors. Nevertheless, the regime is likely to find it difficult to sustain its drive for economic reform." );; line 118670 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate uzbekistan date_1994 );; line 118694 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate uzbekistan (* -4 %) );; line 118694 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita uzbekistan date_1994 );; line 118698 (wfb::national_product_per_capita uzbekistan (* 2400 $) );; line 118698 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| uzbekistan "14% per month (1994 est.)" );; line 118702 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate uzbekistan date_dec_1994 );; line 118706 (wfb::budget uzbekistan revenues (* n/a $) );; line 118712 (wfb::budget uzbekistan expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 118714 (wfb::budget uzbekistan capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 118714 (wfb::measurement-date exports uzbekistan date_1994 );; line 118718 (wfb::exports uzbekistan (* 943.7e6 $) );; line 118718 (wfb::exports uzbekistan commodities cotton n/a );; line 118720 (wfb::exports uzbekistan commodities gold-commodity n/a );; line 118720 (wfb::exports uzbekistan commodities natural_gas-commodity n/a );; line 118720 (wfb::exports uzbekistan commodities mineral_fertilizers n/a );; line 118720 (wfb::exports uzbekistan commodities ferrous_metals n/a );; line 118720 (wfb::exports uzbekistan commodities textiles-commodity n/a );; line 118720 (wfb::exports uzbekistan commodities food_products n/a );; line 118720 (wfb::exports uzbekistan partners russia n/a );; line 118723 (wfb::exports uzbekistan partners ukraine n/a );; line 118723 (wfb::exports uzbekistan partners eastern_europe n/a );; line 118723 (wfb::exports uzbekistan partners us n/a );; line 118723 (wfb::measurement-date imports uzbekistan date_1994 );; line 118727 (wfb::imports uzbekistan (* 1.15e9 $) );; line 118727 (wfb::imports uzbekistan commodities grain n/a );; line 118729 (wfb::imports uzbekistan commodities machinery_and_parts n/a );; line 118729 (wfb::imports uzbekistan commodities consumer_durables-commodity n/a );; line 118729 (wfb::imports uzbekistan partners principally_other_fsu_countries n/a );; line 118731 (wfb::imports uzbekistan partners czech_republic n/a );; line 118731 (wfb::external_debt uzbekistan (* n/a $) );; line 118735 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 118739 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production uzbekistan date_1994 );; line 118739 (wfb::industrial_production uzbekistan growth_rate (* 1 %) );; line 118739 (wfb::electricity uzbekistan capacity (* 11690000 kw) );; line 118744 (wfb::electricity uzbekistan production (* 47.5e9 kwh) );; line 118746 (wfb::measurement-date electricity uzbekistan consumption_per_capita date_1994 );; line 118748 (wfb::electricity uzbekistan consumption_per_capita (* 2130 kwh) );; line 118748 (wfb::industry uzbekistan textiles );; line 118752 (wfb::industry uzbekistan food_processing );; line 118752 (wfb::industry uzbekistan machine_building );; line 118752 (wfb::industry uzbekistan metallurgy );; line 118752 (wfb::industry uzbekistan natural_gas-industry );; line 118752 (wfb::agriculture uzbekistan "cotton, vegetables, fruits, grain, livestock" );; line 118757 (wfb::illicit_drugs uzbekistan "illicit cultivator of cannabis and opium poppy; mostly for CIS consumption; limited government eradication programs; used as transshipment point for illicit drugs to Western Europe" );; line 118761 (wfb::economic_aid uzbekistan recipient "the IMF has established a Systemic Transformation Facility of $74 million and the World Bank has made a rehabilitation loan of $160 million with other project loans pending; estimated annual external financing requirements for 1995-96 of $600 million to $700 million" );; line 118768 (wfb::comment currency uzbekistan "became the sole legal currency 31 January 1994; was replaced in July 1994 by the som currency" );; line 118775 (wfb::exchange_rates uzbekistan "soms per US$1 - 25 (yearend 1994)" );; line 118781 (wfb::fiscal_year uzbekistan date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 118785 (wfb::railroads uzbekistan total "3,460 km in common carrier service; does not include industrial lines" );; line 118791 (wfb::railroads uzbekistan broad_gauge "3,460 km 1.520-m gauge (1990)" );; line 118794 (wfb::highways uzbekistan total (* 78400 km) );; line 118799 (wfb::highways uzbekistan paved_and_graveled (* 67000 km) );; line 118801 (wfb::measurement-date highways uzbekistan date_1990 );; line 118803 (wfb::comment highways uzbekistan unpaved "1990" );; line 118803 (wfb::measurement-date highways uzbekistan unpaved earth date_1990 );; line 118803 (wfb::highways uzbekistan earth (* 11400 km) );; line 118803 (wfb::measurement-date pipelines date_1992 );; line 118807 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 250 km) );; line 118807 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 40 km) );; line 118807 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 810 km) );; line 118807 (wfb::port uzbekistan termiz-uzbekistan );; line 118812 (wfb::airports uzbekistan total 261 );; line 118817 (wfb::airports uzbekistan |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 6 );; line 118819 (wfb::airports uzbekistan |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 14 );; line 118821 (wfb::airports uzbekistan |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 2 );; line 118823 (wfb::airports uzbekistan |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 8 );; line 118825 (wfb::airports uzbekistan with_paved_runways_under_914_m 5 );; line 118827 (wfb::airports uzbekistan |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 2 );; line 118829 (wfb::airports uzbekistan |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 1 );; line 118831 (wfb::airports uzbekistan |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 7 );; line 118833 (wfb::airports uzbekistan with_unpaved_runways_under_914_m 216 );; line 118835 (wfb::telephone_system uzbekistan "1,458,000 telephones; 63 telephones/1,000 persons (1995); poorly developed" );; line 118840 (wfb::telephone_system uzbekistan local "NMT-450 analog cellular network established in Tashkent" );; line 118843 (wfb::telephone_system uzbekistan intercity "NA" );; line 118845 (wfb::telephone_system uzbekistan international "linked by landline or microwave with CIS member states and by leased connection via the Moscow international gateway switch to other countries; new INTELSAT links to Tokyo and Ankara give Uzbekistan international access independent of Russian facilities; Orbita and INTELSAT earth stations" );; line 118847 (wfb::radio uzbekistan radios n/a );; line 118857 (wfb::television uzbekistan broadcast_stations n/a );; line 118862 (wfb::television uzbekistan televisions n/a );; line 118864 (wfb::defense_branch uzbekistan army_uzbekistan );; line 118870 (wfb::defense_branch uzbekistan air_and_air_defense_uzbekistan );; line 118870 (wfb::comment defense_branch uzbekistan republic_security_forces_uzbekistan "internal and border troops" );; line 118870 (wfb::defense_branch uzbekistan republic_security_forces_uzbekistan );; line 118870 (wfb::defense_branch uzbekistan national_guard_uzbekistan );; line 118870 (wfb::manpower_availability uzbekistan "males age 15-49 5,567,580; males fit for military service 4,537,455; males reach military age (18) annually 222,506 (1995 est.)" );; line 118875 (wfb::markup-parameter figure vanuatu "graphno=\"nh.tif\"" );; line 118887 (wfb::location vanuatu "Oceania, group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, about three-quarters of the way from Hawaii to Australia" );; line 118891 (wfb::map_references vanuatu "Oceania" );; line 118896 (wfb::area vanuatu total_area (* 14760 sq_km) );; line 118901 (wfb::area vanuatu land_area (* 14760 sq_km) );; line 118903 (wfb::area vanuatu comparative_area "slightly larger than Connecticut" );; line 118905 (wfb::comment area vanuatu "includes more than 80 islands" );; line 118907 (wfb::coastline vanuatu (* 2528 km) );; line 118915 (wfb::maritime_claims vanuatu contiguous_zone (* 24 nm) );; line 118921 (wfb::maritime_claims vanuatu exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 118925 (wfb::maritime_claims vanuatu territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 118927 (wfb::international_disputes vanuatu "none" );; line 118931 (wfb::climate vanuatu "tropical" );; line 118935 (wfb::climate vanuatu "moderated by southeast trade winds" );; line 118935 (wfb::terrain vanuatu "mostly mountains of volcanic origin" );; line 118939 (wfb::terrain vanuatu "narrow coastal plains" );; line 118939 (wfb::natural-resource vanuatu manganese );; line 118943 (wfb::natural-resource vanuatu hardwood_forests );; line 118943 (wfb::natural-resource vanuatu fish );; line 118943 (wfb::land_use vanuatu arable_land (* 1 %) );; line 118948 (wfb::land_use vanuatu permanent_crops (* 5 %) );; line 118950 (wfb::land_use vanuatu meadows_and_pastures (* 2 %) );; line 118952 (wfb::land_use vanuatu forest_and_woodland (* 1 %) );; line 118954 (wfb::land_use vanuatu other (* 91 %) );; line 118956 (wfb::irrigated_land vanuatu (* n/a sq_km) );; line 118960 (wfb::environment vanuatu current_issues "a majority of the population does not have access to a potable and reliable supply of water" );; line 118965 (wfb::environment vanuatu natural_hazards "tropical cyclones or typhoons (January to April)" );; line 118968 (wfb::environment vanuatu natural_hazards "volcanism causes minor earthquakes" );; line 118968 (wfb::environment vanuatu international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution" );; line 118971 (wfb::environment vanuatu international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Law of the Sea" );; line 118971 (wfb::estimation-date population vanuatu date_jul_1995 );; line 118979 (wfb::population vanuatu 173648 );; line 118979 (wfb::age_structure vanuatu 0-14_years (* 41 %) );; line 118984 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex vanuatu 0-14_years female 34819 );; line 118984 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex vanuatu 0-14_years male 36128 );; line 118984 (wfb::age_structure vanuatu 15-64_years (* 56 %) );; line 118986 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex vanuatu 15-64_years female 47320 );; line 118986 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex vanuatu 15-64_years male 50456 );; line 118986 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure vanuatu 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 118988 (wfb::age_structure vanuatu 65_years_and_over (* 3 %) );; line 118988 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex vanuatu 65_years_and_over female 2217 );; line 118988 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex vanuatu 65_years_and_over male 2708 );; line 118988 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate vanuatu date_1995 );; line 118992 (wfb::population_growth_rate vanuatu (* 2.22 %) );; line 118992 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate vanuatu date_1995 );; line 118996 (wfb::birth_rate vanuatu (* 31.26 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 118996 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate vanuatu date_1995 );; line 119000 (wfb::death_rate vanuatu (* 9.06 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 119000 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate vanuatu date_1995 );; line 119004 (wfb::net_migration_rate vanuatu (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 119004 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate vanuatu date_1995 );; line 119008 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate vanuatu (* 66.3 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 119008 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth vanuatu total_population (* 59.71 years) );; line 119013 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth vanuatu male (* 57.9 years) );; line 119015 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth vanuatu female date_1995 );; line 119017 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth vanuatu female (* 61.61 years) );; line 119017 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate vanuatu date_1995 );; line 119021 (wfb::total_fertility_rate vanuatu (* 4.14 children_born/woman) );; line 119021 (wfb::nationality vanuatu noun "Ni-Vanuatu (singular and plural)" );; line 119026 (wfb::nationality vanuatu adjective "Ni-Vanuatu" );; line 119028 (wfb::ethnic-entity vanuatu indigenous_melanesian (* 94 %) );; line 119032 (wfb::ethnic-entity vanuatu french-ethnic-entity (* 4 %) );; line 119032 (wfb::ethnic-entity vanuatu vietnamese n/a );; line 119032 (wfb::ethnic-entity vanuatu chinese n/a );; line 119032 (wfb::ethnic-entity vanuatu pacific_islanders n/a );; line 119032 (wfb::religion vanuatu presbyterian (* 36.7 %) );; line 119037 (wfb::religion vanuatu anglican (* 15 %) );; line 119037 (wfb::religion vanuatu catholic (* 15 %) );; line 119037 (wfb::religion vanuatu indigenous_beliefs (* 7.6 %) );; line 119037 (wfb::religion vanuatu seventh-day_adventist (* 6.2 %) );; line 119037 (wfb::religion vanuatu church_of_christ (* 3.8 %) );; line 119037 (wfb::language vanuatu english n/a );; line 119042 (wfb::comment language vanuatu english "official" );; line 119042 (wfb::language vanuatu french n/a );; line 119042 (wfb::comment language vanuatu french "official" );; line 119042 (wfb::language vanuatu pidgin n/a );; line 119042 (wfb::comment language vanuatu pidgin "known as Bislama or Bichelama" );; line 119042 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition vanuatu date_1979 );; line 119047 (wfb::literacy-condition vanuatu "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 119047 (wfb::literacy vanuatu total_population (* 53 %) );; line 119049 (wfb::literacy vanuatu male (* 57 %) );; line 119051 (wfb::literacy vanuatu female (* 48 %) );; line 119053 (wfb::total_labor_force vanuatu n/a );; line 119057 (wfb::names vanuatu conventional_long_form "Republic of Vanuatu" );; line 119065 (wfb::names vanuatu conventional_short_form "Vanuatu" );; line 119067 (wfb::names vanuatu former "New Hebrides" );; line 119069 (wfb::digraph vanuatu "NH" );; line 119073 (wfb::type vanuatu "republic" );; line 119077 (wfb::capital vanuatu port-vila-vanuatu );; line 119081 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_vanuatu_provinces "provinces" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 119085 (wfb::administrative_divisions vanuatu adm_div_vanuatu_provinces 6 );; line 119085 (wfb::administrative_division_of vanuatu adm_div_vanuatu_provinces "Malampa" );; line 119085 (wfb::administrative_division_of vanuatu adm_div_vanuatu_provinces "Penama" );; line 119085 (wfb::administrative_division_of vanuatu adm_div_vanuatu_provinces "Sanma" );; line 119085 (wfb::administrative_division_of vanuatu adm_div_vanuatu_provinces "Shefa" );; line 119085 (wfb::administrative_division_of vanuatu adm_div_vanuatu_provinces "Tafea" );; line 119085 (wfb::administrative_division_of vanuatu adm_div_vanuatu_provinces "Torba" );; line 119085 (wfb::independence vanuatu date_30_jul_1980 "France and UK" );; line 119089 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1980 );; line 119093 (wfb::comment national_holiday vanuatu "1980" );; line 119093 (wfb::national_holiday vanuatu "Independence Day" date_30_jul );; line 119093 (wfb::constitution vanuatu "30 July 1980" );; line 119097 (wfb::legal_system vanuatu "unified system being created from former dual French and British systems" );; line 119101 (wfb::comment suffrage vanuatu " universal" );; line 119106 (wfb::suffrage vanuatu (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 119106 (wfb::executive_branch vanuatu chief_of_state "President Jean Marie LEYE " date_2_mar_1994 );; line 119111 (wfb::comment executive_branch vanuatu head_of_government "Deputy Prime Minister Sethy REGENVANU (since 17 December 1991)" );; line 119113 (wfb::executive_branch vanuatu head_of_government "Prime Minister Maxime CARLOT Korman " date_16_dec_1991 );; line 119113 (wfb::comment executive_branch vanuatu cabinet "appointed by the prime minister, responsible to parliament" );; line 119116 (wfb::executive_branch vanuatu cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 119116 (wfb::legislative_structure vanuatu unicameral n/a );; line 119121 (wfb::legislative_branch vanuatu "Parliament" "elections last held 2 December 1991 (next to be held NA November 1995); note - after election, a coalition was formed by the Union of Moderate Parties and the National United Party to form a new government on 16 December 1991, but political party associations are fluid; results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (46 total) UMP 19, NUP 10, VP 10, MPP 4, TUP 1, Nagriamel 1, Friend 1" );; line 119123 (wfb::comment legislative_branch vanuatu "the National Council of Chiefs advises on matters of custom and land" );; line 119130 (wfb::judicial_branch vanuatu "Supreme Court" );; line 119135 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders vanuatu "Vanuatu Party (VP), Donald KALPOKAS; Union of Moderate Parties (UMP), Maxime CARLOT Korman; Melanesian Progressive Party (MPP), Barak SOPE; National United Party (NUP), Walter LINI; Tan Union Party (TUP), Vincent BOULEKONE; Nagriamel Party, Jimmy STEVENS; Friend Melanesian Party, leader NA; People's Democratic Party (PDP), Sethy REGENVANU" );; line 119139 (wfb::comment political_parties_and_leaders vanuatu "the VP, MPP, TUP, and Nagriamel Party have formed a coalition called the United Front (UF) heading into the November 1995 elections" );; line 119145 (wfb::member_of vanuatu acct );; line 119150 (wfb::member_of vanuatu acp );; line 119150 (wfb::member_of vanuatu asdb );; line 119150 (wfb::member_of vanuatu c );; line 119150 (wfb::member_of vanuatu escap );; line 119150 (wfb::member_of vanuatu fao );; line 119150 (wfb::member_of vanuatu g-77 );; line 119150 (wfb::member_of vanuatu ibrd );; line 119150 (wfb::member_of vanuatu icao );; line 119150 (wfb::member_of vanuatu icrm );; line 119150 (wfb::member_of vanuatu ida );; line 119150 (wfb::member_of vanuatu ifc );; line 119150 (wfb::member_of vanuatu ifrcs );; line 119150 (wfb::comment member_of vanuatu ifrcs "associate" );; line 119150 (wfb::member_of vanuatu imf );; line 119150 (wfb::member_of vanuatu imo );; line 119150 (wfb::member_of vanuatu intelsat );; line 119150 (wfb::comment member_of vanuatu intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 119150 (wfb::member_of vanuatu ioc );; line 119150 (wfb::member_of vanuatu itu );; line 119150 (wfb::member_of vanuatu nam );; line 119150 (wfb::member_of vanuatu sparteca );; line 119150 (wfb::member_of vanuatu spc );; line 119150 (wfb::member_of vanuatu spf );; line 119150 (wfb::member_of vanuatu un );; line 119150 (wfb::member_of vanuatu unctad );; line 119150 (wfb::member_of vanuatu unesco );; line 119150 (wfb::member_of vanuatu unido );; line 119150 (wfb::member_of vanuatu upu );; line 119150 (wfb::member_of vanuatu who );; line 119150 (wfb::member_of vanuatu wmo );; line 119150 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us vanuatu "Vanuatu does not have a mission in the US" );; line 119156 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation vanuatu "the ambassador to Papua New Guinea is accredited to Vanuatu" );; line 119160 (wfb::flag vanuatu "two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and green with a black isosceles triangle (based on the hoist side) all separated by a black-edged yellow stripe in the shape of a horizontal Y (the two points of the Y face the hoist side and enclose the triangle); centered in the triangle is a boar's tusk encircling two crossed namele leaves, all in yellow" );; line 119164 (wfb::overview vanuatu "The economy is based primarily on subsistence farming which provides a living for about 80% of the population. Fishing and tourism are the other mainstays of the economy, with 43,000 visitors in 1992. Mineral deposits are negligible; the country has no known petroleum deposits. A small light industry sector caters to the local market. Tax revenues come mainly from import duties." );; line 119173 (wfb::estimation-date national_product vanuatu date_1993 );; line 119182 (wfb::national_product vanuatu (* 200e6 $) );; line 119182 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate vanuatu (* n/a %) );; line 119186 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita vanuatu date_1993 );; line 119190 (wfb::national_product_per_capita vanuatu (* 1200 $) );; line 119190 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| vanuatu "2.3% (1992 est.)" );; line 119194 (wfb::unemployment_rate vanuatu (* n/a %) );; line 119198 (wfb::budget vanuatu revenues (* 90e6 $) );; line 119203 (wfb::estimation-date budget vanuatu date_1989 );; line 119205 (wfb::budget vanuatu expenditures (* 103e6 $) );; line 119205 (wfb::budget vanuatu capital_expenditures (* 45e6 $) );; line 119205 (wfb::exports vanuatu (* 14.9e6 $) );; line 119210 (wfb::exports vanuatu commodities copra n/a );; line 119212 (wfb::exports vanuatu commodities beef n/a );; line 119212 (wfb::exports vanuatu commodities cocoa n/a );; line 119212 (wfb::exports vanuatu commodities timber-commodity n/a );; line 119212 (wfb::exports vanuatu commodities coffee n/a );; line 119212 (wfb::exports vanuatu partners netherlands n/a );; line 119214 (wfb::exports vanuatu partners japan n/a );; line 119214 (wfb::exports vanuatu partners france n/a );; line 119214 (wfb::exports vanuatu partners new_caledonia n/a );; line 119214 (wfb::exports vanuatu partners belgium n/a );; line 119214 (wfb::imports vanuatu (* 74e6 $) );; line 119218 (wfb::imports vanuatu commodities machines_and_vehicles n/a );; line 119220 (wfb::imports vanuatu commodities food_and_beverages n/a );; line 119220 (wfb::imports vanuatu commodities basic_manufactures n/a );; line 119220 (wfb::imports vanuatu commodities raw_materials_and_fuels n/a );; line 119220 (wfb::imports vanuatu commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 119220 (wfb::imports vanuatu partners australia (* 36 %) );; line 119223 (wfb::imports vanuatu partners japan (* 13 %) );; line 119223 (wfb::imports vanuatu partners nz (* 10 %) );; line 119223 (wfb::imports vanuatu partners france (* 8 %) );; line 119223 (wfb::imports vanuatu partners fiji (* 8 %) );; line 119223 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1990 );; line 119231 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production vanuatu date_1990 );; line 119231 (wfb::industrial_production vanuatu growth_rate (* 8.1 %) );; line 119231 (wfb::electricity vanuatu capacity (* 17000 kw) );; line 119236 (wfb::electricity vanuatu production (* 30e6 kwh) );; line 119238 (wfb::measurement-date electricity vanuatu consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 119240 (wfb::electricity vanuatu consumption_per_capita (* 181 kwh) );; line 119240 (wfb::industry vanuatu food_and_fish_freezing );; line 119244 (wfb::industry vanuatu wood_processing );; line 119244 (wfb::industry vanuatu meat_canning );; line 119244 (wfb::agriculture vanuatu "export crops - coconuts, cocoa, coffee, fish; subsistence crops - taro, yams, coconuts, fruits, vegetables" );; line 119248 (wfb::economic_aid vanuatu recipient "Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $606 million" );; line 119254 (wfb::abbreviation vatu "VT" );; line 119259 (wfb::currency vanuatu vatu 100 centimes );; line 119259 (wfb::exchange_rates vanuatu "vatu (VT) per US$1 - 112.42 (December 1994), 116.41 (1994), 121.58 (1993), 113.39 (1992), 111.68 (1991), 116.57 (1990)" );; line 119263 (wfb::fiscal_year vanuatu date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 119268 (wfb::railroads vanuatu "0 km" );; line 119273 (wfb::highways vanuatu total (* 1027 km) );; line 119278 (wfb::highways vanuatu paved (* 240 km) );; line 119280 (wfb::highways vanuatu unpaved (* 787 km) );; line 119282 (wfb::port vanuatu forari-vanuatu );; line 119286 (wfb::port vanuatu port-vila-vanuatu );; line 119286 (wfb::port vanuatu santo-vanuatu );; line 119286 (wfb::comment port vanuatu santo-vanuatu "Espiritu Santo" );; line 119286 (wfb::merchant_marine vanuatu total "116 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,874,698 GRT/2,758,783 DWT" );; line 119291 (wfb::merchant_marine vanuatu ships_by_type "bulk 52, cargo 18, chemical tanker 3, combination bulk 1, container 4, liquefied gas tanker 5, livestock carrier 1, oil tanker 5, refrigerated cargo 17, vehicle carrier 10" );; line 119294 (wfb::comment merchant_marine vanuatu "a flag of convenience registry; includes 21 countries among which are ships of the US 117, Japan 39, Netherlands 12, China 11, UAE 6, Greece 6, Canada 6, Hong Kong 4, Russia 2, Australia 2" );; line 119298 (wfb::airports vanuatu total 31 );; line 119305 (wfb::airports vanuatu |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 119307 (wfb::airports vanuatu |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 1 );; line 119309 (wfb::airports vanuatu with_paved_runways_under_914_m 17 );; line 119311 (wfb::airports vanuatu |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 1 );; line 119313 (wfb::airports vanuatu |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 11 );; line 119315 (wfb::telephone_system vanuatu "3,000 telephones" );; line 119320 (wfb::telephone_system vanuatu local "NA" );; line 119322 (wfb::telephone_system vanuatu intercity "NA" );; line 119324 (wfb::telephone_system vanuatu international "1 INTELSAT (Pacific Ocean) earth station" );; line 119326 (wfb::radio vanuatu broadcast_stations am 2 );; line 119331 (wfb::radio vanuatu broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 119331 (wfb::radio vanuatu broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 119331 (wfb::radio vanuatu radios n/a );; line 119333 (wfb::television vanuatu broadcast_stations 0 );; line 119338 (wfb::television vanuatu televisions n/a );; line 119340 (wfb::defense_branch vanuatu no_regular_military_forces_vanuatu );; line 119346 (wfb::comment defense_branch vanuatu vanuatu_police_force_vanuatu "VPF; includes the paramilitary Vanuatu Mobile Force or VMF" );; line 119346 (wfb::defense_branch vanuatu vanuatu_police_force_vanuatu );; line 119346 (wfb::markup-parameter figure venezuela "graphno=\"ve.tif\"" );; line 119357 (wfb::location venezuela "Northern South America, bordering the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, between Colombia and Guyana" );; line 119361 (wfb::map_references venezuela "South America" );; line 119366 (wfb::area venezuela total_area (* 912050 sq_km) );; line 119371 (wfb::area venezuela land_area (* 882050 sq_km) );; line 119373 (wfb::area venezuela comparative_area "slightly more than twice the size of California" );; line 119375 (wfb::borders venezuela total (* 4993 km) );; line 119379 (wfb::borders venezuela brazil (* 2200 km) );; line 119379 (wfb::borders venezuela colombia (* 2050 km) );; line 119379 (wfb::borders venezuela guyana (* 743 km) );; line 119379 (wfb::coastline venezuela (* 2800 km) );; line 119384 (wfb::maritime_claims venezuela contiguous_zone (* 15 nm) );; line 119389 (wfb::maritime_claims venezuela exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 119393 (wfb::maritime_claims venezuela territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 119395 (wfb::international_disputes venezuela "claims all of Guyana west of the Essequibo River" );; line 119399 (wfb::international_disputes venezuela "maritime boundary dispute with Colombia in the Gulf of Venezuela" );; line 119399 (wfb::climate venezuela "tropical" );; line 119404 (wfb::climate venezuela "hot, humid" );; line 119404 (wfb::climate venezuela "more moderate in highlands" );; line 119404 (wfb::terrain venezuela "Andes Mountains and Maracaibo Lowlands in northwest" );; line 119408 (wfb::terrain venezuela "central plains (llanos)" );; line 119408 (wfb::terrain venezuela "Guiana Highlands in southeast" );; line 119408 (wfb::natural-resource venezuela petroleum );; line 119413 (wfb::natural-resource venezuela natural_gas );; line 119413 (wfb::natural-resource venezuela iron_ore );; line 119413 (wfb::natural-resource venezuela gold );; line 119413 (wfb::natural-resource venezuela bauxite );; line 119413 (wfb::natural-resource venezuela hydropower-natural-resource );; line 119413 (wfb::natural-resource venezuela diamonds );; line 119413 (wfb::land_use venezuela arable_land (* 3 %) );; line 119419 (wfb::land_use venezuela permanent_crops (* 1 %) );; line 119421 (wfb::land_use venezuela meadows_and_pastures (* 20 %) );; line 119423 (wfb::land_use venezuela forest_and_woodland (* 39 %) );; line 119425 (wfb::land_use venezuela other (* 37 %) );; line 119427 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land venezuela date_1989 );; line 119431 (wfb::irrigated_land venezuela (* 2640 sq_km) );; line 119431 (wfb::environment venezuela current_issues "sewage pollution of Lago de Valencia" );; line 119436 (wfb::environment venezuela current_issues "oil and urban pollution of Lago de Maracaibo" );; line 119436 (wfb::environment venezuela current_issues "deforestation" );; line 119436 (wfb::environment venezuela current_issues "soil degradation" );; line 119436 (wfb::environment venezuela current_issues "urban and industrial pollution, especially along the Caribbean coast" );; line 119436 (wfb::environment venezuela natural_hazards "subject to floods, rockslides, mudslides" );; line 119440 (wfb::environment venezuela natural_hazards "periodic droughts" );; line 119440 (wfb::environment venezuela international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling" );; line 119442 (wfb::environment venezuela international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping" );; line 119442 (wfb::note venezuela "on major sea and air routes linking North and South America" );; line 119449 (wfb::estimation-date population venezuela date_jul_1995 );; line 119455 (wfb::population venezuela 21004773 );; line 119455 (wfb::age_structure venezuela 0-14_years (* 35 %) );; line 119460 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex venezuela 0-14_years female 3650705 );; line 119460 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex venezuela 0-14_years male 3795032 );; line 119460 (wfb::age_structure venezuela 15-64_years (* 60 %) );; line 119462 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex venezuela 15-64_years female 6350466 );; line 119462 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex venezuela 15-64_years male 6313887 );; line 119462 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure venezuela 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 119464 (wfb::age_structure venezuela 65_years_and_over (* 5 %) );; line 119464 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex venezuela 65_years_and_over female 486020 );; line 119464 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex venezuela 65_years_and_over male 408663 );; line 119464 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate venezuela date_1995 );; line 119468 (wfb::population_growth_rate venezuela (* 2.1 %) );; line 119468 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate venezuela date_1995 );; line 119472 (wfb::birth_rate venezuela (* 25.11 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 119472 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate venezuela date_1995 );; line 119476 (wfb::death_rate venezuela (* 4.57 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 119476 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate venezuela date_1995 );; line 119480 (wfb::net_migration_rate venezuela (* 0.46 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 119480 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate venezuela date_1995 );; line 119484 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate venezuela (* 26.5 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 119484 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth venezuela total_population (* 73.31 years) );; line 119489 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth venezuela male (* 70.48 years) );; line 119491 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth venezuela female date_1995 );; line 119493 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth venezuela female (* 76.29 years) );; line 119493 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate venezuela date_1995 );; line 119497 (wfb::total_fertility_rate venezuela (* 2.97 children_born/woman) );; line 119497 (wfb::nationality venezuela noun "Venezuelan(s)" );; line 119502 (wfb::nationality venezuela adjective "Venezuelan" );; line 119504 (wfb::ethnic-entity venezuela mestizo (* 67 %) );; line 119508 (wfb::ethnic-entity venezuela white (* 21 %) );; line 119508 (wfb::ethnic-entity venezuela black (* 10 %) );; line 119508 (wfb::ethnic-entity venezuela amerindian (* 2 %) );; line 119508 (wfb::religion venezuela nominally_roman_catholic (* 96 %) );; line 119512 (wfb::religion venezuela protestant (* 2 %) );; line 119512 (wfb::language venezuela spanish-language-group n/a );; line 119516 (wfb::comment language venezuela spanish-language-group "official" );; line 119516 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition venezuela date_1990 );; line 119521 (wfb::literacy-condition venezuela "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 119521 (wfb::literacy venezuela total_population (* 90 %) );; line 119523 (wfb::literacy venezuela male (* 91 %) );; line 119525 (wfb::literacy venezuela female (* 89 %) );; line 119527 (wfb::total_labor_force venezuela 7.6e6 );; line 119531 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force venezuela by_occupation date_1993 );; line 119533 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1993 );; line 119533 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation venezuela services (* 63 %) );; line 119533 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation venezuela industry (* 25 %) );; line 119533 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation venezuela agriculture (* 12 %) );; line 119533 (wfb::names venezuela conventional_long_form "Republic of Venezuela" );; line 119539 (wfb::names venezuela conventional_short_form "Venezuela" );; line 119541 (wfb::names venezuela local_long_form "Republica de Venezuela" );; line 119543 (wfb::names venezuela local_short_form "Venezuela" );; line 119545 (wfb::digraph venezuela "VE" );; line 119549 (wfb::type venezuela "republic" );; line 119553 (wfb::capital venezuela caracas-venezuela );; line 119557 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_venezuela_states "states" "estados" "estado" );; line 119561 (wfb::administrative_divisions venezuela adm_div_venezuela_states 21 );; line 119561 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_venezuela_territory "territory" "n/a" "territorio" );; line 119561 (wfb::administrative_divisions venezuela adm_div_venezuela_territory 1 );; line 119561 (wfb::administrative_division |adm_div_venezuela_federal district (distrito federal),| "federal district (distrito federal)," "n/a" "n/a" );; line 119561 (wfb::administrative_divisions venezuela |adm_div_venezuela_federal district (distrito federal),| 1 );; line 119561 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_venezuela_federal_dependency "federal dependency" "n/a" "dependencia federal" );; line 119561 (wfb::administrative_divisions venezuela adm_div_venezuela_federal_dependency 1 );; line 119561 (wfb::administrative_division_of venezuela adm_div_venezuela_territory "Amazonas" );; line 119561 (wfb::administrative_division_of venezuela adm_div_venezuela_states "Anzoategui" );; line 119561 (wfb::administrative_division_of venezuela adm_div_venezuela_states "Apure" );; line 119561 (wfb::administrative_division_of venezuela adm_div_venezuela_states "Aragua" );; line 119561 (wfb::administrative_division_of venezuela adm_div_venezuela_states "Barinas" );; line 119561 (wfb::administrative_division_of venezuela adm_div_venezuela_states "Bolivar" );; line 119561 (wfb::administrative_division_of venezuela adm_div_venezuela_states "Carabobo" );; line 119561 (wfb::administrative_division_of venezuela adm_div_venezuela_states "Cojedes" );; line 119561 (wfb::administrative_division_of venezuela adm_div_venezuela_states "Delta Amacuro" );; line 119561 (wfb::administrative_division_of venezuela adm_div_venezuela_federal_dependency "Dependencias Federales" );; line 119561 (wfb::administrative_division_of venezuela |adm_div_venezuela_federal district (distrito federal),| "Distrito Federal" );; line 119561 (wfb::administrative_division_of venezuela adm_div_venezuela_states "Falcon" );; line 119561 (wfb::administrative_division_of venezuela adm_div_venezuela_states "Guarico" );; line 119561 (wfb::administrative_division_of venezuela adm_div_venezuela_states "Lara" );; line 119561 (wfb::administrative_division_of venezuela adm_div_venezuela_states "Merida" );; line 119561 (wfb::administrative_division_of venezuela adm_div_venezuela_states "Miranda" );; line 119561 (wfb::administrative_division_of venezuela adm_div_venezuela_states "Monagas" );; line 119561 (wfb::administrative_division_of venezuela adm_div_venezuela_states "Nueva Esparta" );; line 119561 (wfb::administrative_division_of venezuela adm_div_venezuela_states "Portuguesa" );; line 119561 (wfb::administrative_division_of venezuela adm_div_venezuela_states "Sucre" );; line 119561 (wfb::administrative_division_of venezuela adm_div_venezuela_states "Tachira" );; line 119561 (wfb::administrative_division_of venezuela adm_div_venezuela_states "Trujillo" );; line 119561 (wfb::administrative_division_of venezuela adm_div_venezuela_states "Yaracuy" );; line 119561 (wfb::administrative_division_of venezuela adm_div_venezuela_states "Zulia" );; line 119561 (wfb::comment administrative_divisions venezuela "the federal dependency consists of 11 federally controlled island groups with a total of 72 individual islands" );; line 119568 (wfb::independence venezuela date_5_jul_1811 "Spain" );; line 119573 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1811 );; line 119577 (wfb::comment national_holiday venezuela "1811" );; line 119577 (wfb::national_holiday venezuela "Independence Day" date_5_jul );; line 119577 (wfb::constitution venezuela "23 January 1961" );; line 119581 (wfb::legal_system venezuela "based on Napoleonic code; judicial review of legislative acts in Cassation Court only; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 119585 (wfb::comment suffrage venezuela " universal" );; line 119590 (wfb::suffrage venezuela (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 119590 (wfb::comment executive_branch venezuela chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "election last held 5 December 1993 (next to be held NA December 1998)" );; line 119595 (wfb::comment executive_branch venezuela chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "results - Rafael CALDERA (National Convergence) 30.45%, Claudio FERMIN (AD) 23.59%, Oswaldo ALVAREZ PAZ (COPEI) 22.72%, Andres VELASQUEZ (Causa R) 21.94%, other 1.3%" );; line 119595 (wfb::executive_branch venezuela chief_of_state "President Rafael CALDERA Rodriguez " date_2_feb_1994 );; line 119595 (wfb::executive_branch venezuela head_of_government "President Rafael CALDERA Rodriguez " date_2_feb_1994 );; line 119595 (wfb::comment executive_branch venezuela cabinet "appointed by the president" );; line 119601 (wfb::executive_branch venezuela cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 119601 (wfb::legislative_branch venezuela "Senate (Senado)" "elections last held 5 December 1993 (next to be held NA December 1998); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (53 total) AD 18, COPEI 15, Causa R 9, MAS 5, National Convergence 6; note - 3 former presidents (2 from AD, 1 from COPEI) hold lifetime senate seats" );; line 119607 (wfb::legislative_branch venezuela "Chamber of Deputies (Camara de Diputados)" "elections last held 5 December 1993 (next to be held NA December 1998); results - AD 27.9%, COPEI 26.9%, MAS 12.4%, National Convergence 12.9%, Causa R 19.9%; seats - (203 total) AD 55, COPEI 53, MAS 24, National Convergence 26, Causa R 40, other 5" );; line 119612 (wfb::judicial_branch venezuela "Supreme Court of Justice (Corte Suprema de Justicia) Roberto YEPES, President" );; line 119619 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders venezuela "National Convergence (Convergencia), Jose Miguel UZCATEGUI, president, Juan Jose CALDERA, national coordinator; Social Christian Party (COPEI), Luis HERRERA Campins, president, and Donald RAMIREZ, secretary general; Democratic Action (AD), Pedro PARIS Montesinos, president, and Luis ALFARO Ucero, secretary general; Movement Toward Socialism (MAS), Gustavo MARQUEZ, president, and Enrique OCHOA Antich, secretary general; Radical Cause (La Causa R), Pablo MEDINA, secretary general" );; line 119624 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups venezuela "FEDECAMARAS, a conservative business group; Venezuelan Confederation of Workers (CTV, labor organization dominated by the Democratic Action); VECINOS groups" );; line 119634 (wfb::member_of venezuela ag );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela bcie );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela caricom );; line 119640 (wfb::comment member_of venezuela caricom "observer" );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela cdb );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela cg );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela eclac );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela fao );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela g-11 );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela g-15 );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela g-19 );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela g-24 );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela g-77 );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela gatt );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela iadb );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela iaea );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela ibrd );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela icao );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela icc );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela icftu );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela icrm );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela ifad );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela ifc );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela ifrcs );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela ilo );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela imf );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela imo );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela intelsat );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela interpol );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela ioc );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela iom );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela iso );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela itu );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela laes );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela laia );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela minurso );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela nam );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela oas );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela onusal );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela opanal );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela opec );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela pca );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela rg );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela un );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela unctad );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela unesco );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela unhcr );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela unido );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela unikom );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela unmih );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela unprofor );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela unu );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela upu );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela wcl );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela wftu );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela who );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela wipo );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela wmo );; line 119640 (wfb::member_of venezuela wto );; line 119640 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us venezuela chief_of_mission "Ambassador Pedro Luis ECHEVERRIA" );; line 119649 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us venezuela chancery "1099 30th Street NW, Washington, DC 20007" );; line 119651 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us venezuela telephone "[1] (202) 342-2214" );; line 119653 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us venezuela |consulate(s) general| "Boston, Chicago, Houston, Miami, New Orleans, New York, San Francisco, and San Juan (Puerto Rico)" );; line 119655 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation venezuela chief_of_mission "Ambassador Jeffrey DAVIDOW" );; line 119661 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation venezuela embassy "Avenida Francisco de Miranda and Avenida Principal de la Floresta, Caracas" );; line 119663 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation venezuela mailing_address "P. O. Box 62291, Caracas 1060-A; APO AA 34037" );; line 119666 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation venezuela telephone "[58] (2) 285-2222, 3111" );; line 119668 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation venezuela fax "[58] (2) 285-0366" );; line 119670 (wfb::flag venezuela "three equal horizontal bands of yellow (top), blue, and red with the coat of arms on the hoist side of the yellow band and an arc of seven white five-pointed stars centered in the blue band" );; line 119674 (wfb::overview venezuela "Despite efforts to broaden the base of the economy, petroleum continues to play a dominant role. In 1994, as GDP declined 3.3%, the oil sector - which accounts for 24% of the total - enjoyed a 6% expansion, provided 45% of the budget revenues, and generated 70% of the export earnings. President CALDERA, who assumed office in February 1994, has used an interventionist, reactive approach to managing the economy, instituting price and foreign exchange controls in mid-year to slow inflation and stop the loss of foreign exchange reserves. The government claims it will remove these controls once inflationary pressures abate, but the $8 billion bailout of the banking sector in 1994 has made it difficult for the government to make good on its promise. Economic controls, coupled with political uncertainty driven by recurrent coup rumors, continue to deter foreign and domestic investment; private forecasters see the recession persisting for a third year in 1995." );; line 119681 (wfb::estimation-date national_product venezuela date_1994 );; line 119697 (wfb::national_product venezuela (* 178.3e9 $) );; line 119697 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate venezuela date_1994 );; line 119701 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate venezuela (* -3.3 %) );; line 119701 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita venezuela date_1994 );; line 119705 (wfb::national_product_per_capita venezuela (* 8670 $) );; line 119705 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| venezuela "71% (1994 est.)" );; line 119709 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate venezuela date_1994 );; line 119713 (wfb::unemployment_rate venezuela (* 9 %) );; line 119713 (wfb::budget venezuela revenues (* 10.3e9 $) );; line 119718 (wfb::estimation-date budget venezuela date_1994 );; line 119720 (wfb::budget venezuela expenditures (* 14.6e9 $) );; line 119720 (wfb::budget venezuela capital_expenditures (* 103e6 $) );; line 119720 (wfb::exports venezuela (* 15.2e9 $) );; line 119725 (wfb::exports venezuela commodities petroleum-commodity (* 72 %) );; line 119727 (wfb::exports venezuela commodities bauxite_and_aluminum n/a );; line 119727 (wfb::exports venezuela commodities steel-commodity n/a );; line 119727 (wfb::exports venezuela commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 119727 (wfb::exports venezuela commodities agricultural_products n/a );; line 119727 (wfb::exports venezuela commodities basic_manufactures n/a );; line 119727 (wfb::exports venezuela partners us_and_puerto_rico (* 55 %) );; line 119730 (wfb::exports venezuela partners japan n/a );; line 119730 (wfb::exports venezuela partners netherlands n/a );; line 119730 (wfb::exports venezuela partners italy n/a );; line 119730 (wfb::imports venezuela (* 7.6e9 $) );; line 119734 (wfb::imports venezuela commodities raw_materials n/a );; line 119736 (wfb::imports venezuela commodities machinery_and_equipment n/a );; line 119736 (wfb::imports venezuela commodities transport_equipment n/a );; line 119736 (wfb::imports venezuela commodities construction_materials n/a );; line 119736 (wfb::imports venezuela partners us (* 40 %) );; line 119739 (wfb::imports venezuela partners germany n/a );; line 119739 (wfb::imports venezuela partners japan n/a );; line 119739 (wfb::imports venezuela partners netherlands n/a );; line 119739 (wfb::imports venezuela partners canada n/a );; line 119739 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt venezuela date_1994 );; line 119743 (wfb::external_debt venezuela (* 40.1e9 $) );; line 119743 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 119747 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production venezuela date_1993 );; line 119747 (wfb::industrial_production venezuela growth_rate (* -1.4 %) );; line 119747 (wfb::industrial_production venezuela accounts_for (* 41 %_of_gdp) );; line 119747 (wfb::electricity venezuela capacity (* 18740000 kw) );; line 119752 (wfb::electricity venezuela production (* 72e9 kwh) );; line 119754 (wfb::measurement-date electricity venezuela consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 119756 (wfb::electricity venezuela consumption_per_capita (* 3311 kwh) );; line 119756 (wfb::industry venezuela petroleum-industry );; line 119760 (wfb::industry venezuela iron-ore_mining );; line 119760 (wfb::industry venezuela construction_materials-industry );; line 119760 (wfb::industry venezuela food_processing );; line 119760 (wfb::industry venezuela textiles );; line 119760 (wfb::industry venezuela steel );; line 119760 (wfb::industry venezuela aluminum-industry );; line 119760 (wfb::industry venezuela motor_vehicle_assembly );; line 119760 (wfb::agriculture venezuela "accounts for 6% of GDP; products - corn, sorghum, sugarcane, rice, bananas, vegetables, coffee, beef, pork, milk, eggs, fish; not self-sufficient in food other than meat" );; line 119765 (wfb::illicit_drugs venezuela "illicit producer of cannabis, opium, and coca leaf for the international drug trade on a small scale; however, large quantities of cocaine and heroin transit the country from Colombia; important money-laundering hub" );; line 119771 (wfb::economic_aid venezuela recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-86), $488 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $10 million" );; line 119778 (wfb::abbreviation bolivar "Bs" );; line 119783 (wfb::currency venezuela bolivar 100 centimos );; line 119783 (wfb::exchange_rates venezuela "bolivares (Bs) per US$1 - 169.570 (January 1995), 148.503 (1994), 90.826 (1993), 68.38 (1992), 56.82 (1991), 46.90 (1990)" );; line 119787 (wfb::fiscal_year venezuela date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 119792 (wfb::railroads venezuela total "542 km (363 km single track; 179 km privately owned)" );; line 119798 (wfb::railroads venezuela standard_gauge "542 km 1.435-m gauge" );; line 119800 (wfb::highways venezuela total (* 81000 km) );; line 119805 (wfb::highways venezuela paved (* 31200 km) );; line 119807 (wfb::highways venezuela gravel (* 24800 km) );; line 119809 (wfb::highways venezuela earth_and_unimproved_earth (* 25000 km) );; line 119809 (wfb::inland_waterways venezuela "7,100 km; Rio Orinoco and Lago de Maracaibo accept oceangoing vessels" );; line 119813 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 6370 km) );; line 119818 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 480 km) );; line 119818 (wfb::pipelines natural_gas-pipeline-type (* 4010 km) );; line 119818 (wfb::port venezuela amuay-venezuela );; line 119823 (wfb::port venezuela bajo_grande-venezuela );; line 119823 (wfb::port venezuela el_tablazo-venezuela );; line 119823 (wfb::port venezuela la_guaira-venezuela );; line 119823 (wfb::port venezuela la_salina-venezuela );; line 119823 (wfb::port venezuela maracaibo-venezuela );; line 119823 (wfb::port venezuela matanzas-venezuela );; line 119823 (wfb::port venezuela palua-venezuela );; line 119823 (wfb::port venezuela puerto_cabello-venezuela );; line 119823 (wfb::port venezuela puerto_la_cruz-venezuela );; line 119823 (wfb::port venezuela puerto_ordaz-venezuela );; line 119823 (wfb::port venezuela puerto_sucre-venezuela );; line 119823 (wfb::port venezuela punta_cardon-venezuela );; line 119823 (wfb::merchant_marine venezuela total "39 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 686,811 GRT/1,110,829 DWT" );; line 119830 (wfb::merchant_marine venezuela ships_by_type "bulk 4, cargo 11, combination bulk 1, liquefied gas tanker 2, oil tanker 15, passenger-cargo 1, roll-on/roll-off cargo 4, short-sea passenger 1" );; line 119832 (wfb::airports venezuela total 431 );; line 119839 (wfb::airports venezuela |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 4 );; line 119841 (wfb::airports venezuela |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 11 );; line 119843 (wfb::airports venezuela |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 34 );; line 119845 (wfb::airports venezuela |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 65 );; line 119847 (wfb::airports venezuela with_paved_runways_under_914_m 191 );; line 119849 (wfb::airports venezuela |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 12 );; line 119851 (wfb::airports venezuela |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 114 );; line 119853 (wfb::telephone_system venezuela "1,440,000 telephones; modern and expanding" );; line 119858 (wfb::telephone_system venezuela local "NA" );; line 119860 (wfb::telephone_system venezuela intercity "3 domestic satellite earth stations" );; line 119862 (wfb::telephone_system venezuela international "3 submarine coaxial cables; 1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station" );; line 119864 (wfb::radio venezuela broadcast_stations am 181 );; line 119870 (wfb::radio venezuela broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 119870 (wfb::radio venezuela broadcast_stations shortwave 26 );; line 119870 (wfb::radio venezuela radios n/a );; line 119872 (wfb::television venezuela broadcast_stations 59 );; line 119877 (wfb::television venezuela televisions n/a );; line 119879 (wfb::comment defense_branch venezuela naval_forces_venezuela "Fuerzas Navales or Armada" );; line 119885 (wfb::defense_branch venezuela naval_forces_venezuela );; line 119885 (wfb::comment defense_branch venezuela air_force_venezuela "Fuerzas Aereas or Aviacion" );; line 119885 (wfb::defense_branch venezuela air_force_venezuela );; line 119885 (wfb::comment defense_branch venezuela armed_forces_of_cooperation_or_national_guard_venezuela "Fuerzas Armadas de Cooperation or Guardia Nacional" );; line 119885 (wfb::defense_branch venezuela armed_forces_of_cooperation_or_national_guard_venezuela );; line 119885 (wfb::manpower_availability venezuela "males age 15-49 5,491,524; males fit for military service 3,981,190; males reach military age (18) annually 227,292 (1995 est.)" );; line 119892 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures venezuela date_1991 );; line 119897 (wfb::defense_expenditures venezuela (* 1.95e9 $) );; line 119897 (wfb::defense_expenditures venezuela (* 4 %_of_gdp) );; line 119897 (wfb::markup-parameter figure vietnam "graphno=\"vm.tif\"" );; line 119903 (wfb::location vietnam "Southeastern Asia, bordering the Gulf of Thailand, Gulf of Tonkin, and South China Sea, between China and Cambodia" );; line 119907 (wfb::map_references vietnam "Southeast Asia" );; line 119912 (wfb::area vietnam total_area (* 329560 sq_km) );; line 119917 (wfb::area vietnam land_area (* 325360 sq_km) );; line 119919 (wfb::area vietnam comparative_area "slightly larger than New Mexico" );; line 119921 (wfb::borders vietnam total (* 3818 km) );; line 119925 (wfb::borders vietnam cambodia (* 982 km) );; line 119925 (wfb::borders vietnam china (* 1281 km) );; line 119925 (wfb::borders vietnam laos (* 1555 km) );; line 119925 (wfb::comment coastline vietnam "excludes islands" );; line 119929 (wfb::coastline vietnam (* 3444 km) );; line 119929 (wfb::maritime_claims vietnam contiguous_zone (* 24 nm) );; line 119934 (wfb::maritime_claims vietnam exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 119938 (wfb::maritime_claims vietnam territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 119940 (wfb::international_disputes vietnam "maritime boundary with Cambodia not defined" );; line 119944 (wfb::international_disputes vietnam "involved in a complex dispute over the Spratly Islands with China, Malaysia, Philippines, Taiwan, and possibly Brunei" );; line 119944 (wfb::international_disputes vietnam "unresolved maritime boundary with Thailand" );; line 119944 (wfb::international_disputes vietnam "maritime boundary dispute with China in the Gulf of Tonkin" );; line 119944 (wfb::international_disputes vietnam "Paracel Islands occupied by China but claimed by Vietnam and Taiwan" );; line 119944 (wfb::climate vietnam "tropical in south" );; line 119952 (wfb::climate vietnam "monsoonal in north with hot, rainy season (mid-May to mid-September) and warm, dry season (mid-October to mid-March)" );; line 119952 (wfb::terrain vietnam "low, flat delta in south and north" );; line 119957 (wfb::terrain vietnam "central highlands" );; line 119957 (wfb::terrain vietnam "hilly, mountainous in far north and northwest" );; line 119957 (wfb::natural-resource vietnam phosphates );; line 119962 (wfb::natural-resource vietnam coal );; line 119962 (wfb::natural-resource vietnam manganese );; line 119962 (wfb::natural-resource vietnam bauxite );; line 119962 (wfb::natural-resource vietnam chromate );; line 119962 (wfb::natural-resource vietnam offshore_oil_deposits );; line 119962 (wfb::natural-resource vietnam forests );; line 119962 (wfb::land_use vietnam arable_land (* 22 %) );; line 119968 (wfb::land_use vietnam permanent_crops (* 2 %) );; line 119970 (wfb::land_use vietnam meadows_and_pastures (* 1 %) );; line 119972 (wfb::land_use vietnam forest_and_woodland (* 40 %) );; line 119974 (wfb::land_use vietnam other (* 35 %) );; line 119976 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land vietnam date_1989 );; line 119980 (wfb::irrigated_land vietnam (* 18300 sq_km) );; line 119980 (wfb::environment vietnam current_issues "logging and slash-and-burn agricultural practices are contributing to deforestation" );; line 119985 (wfb::environment vietnam current_issues "soil degradation" );; line 119985 (wfb::environment vietnam current_issues "water pollution and overfishing threatening marine life populations" );; line 119985 (wfb::environment vietnam current_issues "inadequate supplies of potable water because of groundwater contamination" );; line 119985 (wfb::environment vietnam natural_hazards "occasional typhoons (May to January) with extensive flooding" );; line 119990 (wfb::environment vietnam international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands" );; line 119992 (wfb::environment vietnam international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Nuclear Test Ban" );; line 119992 (wfb::estimation-date population vietnam date_jul_1995 );; line 120000 (wfb::population vietnam 74393324 );; line 120000 (wfb::age_structure vietnam 0-14_years (* 36 %) );; line 120005 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex vietnam 0-14_years female 13225916 );; line 120005 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex vietnam 0-14_years male 13918321 );; line 120005 (wfb::age_structure vietnam 15-64_years (* 59 %) );; line 120007 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex vietnam 15-64_years female 22353710 );; line 120007 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex vietnam 15-64_years male 21223739 );; line 120007 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure vietnam 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 120009 (wfb::age_structure vietnam 65_years_and_over (* 5 %) );; line 120009 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex vietnam 65_years_and_over female 2236453 );; line 120009 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex vietnam 65_years_and_over male 1435185 );; line 120009 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate vietnam date_1995 );; line 120013 (wfb::population_growth_rate vietnam (* 1.71 %) );; line 120013 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate vietnam date_1995 );; line 120017 (wfb::birth_rate vietnam (* 26.25 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 120017 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate vietnam date_1995 );; line 120021 (wfb::death_rate vietnam (* 7.6 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 120021 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate vietnam date_1995 );; line 120025 (wfb::net_migration_rate vietnam (* -1.51 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 120025 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate vietnam date_1995 );; line 120029 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate vietnam (* 44.6 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 120029 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth vietnam total_population (* 65.72 years) );; line 120034 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth vietnam male (* 63.66 years) );; line 120036 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth vietnam female date_1995 );; line 120038 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth vietnam female (* 67.91 years) );; line 120038 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate vietnam date_1995 );; line 120042 (wfb::total_fertility_rate vietnam (* 3.21 children_born/woman) );; line 120042 (wfb::nationality vietnam noun "Vietnamese (singular and plural)" );; line 120047 (wfb::nationality vietnam adjective "Vietnamese" );; line 120049 (wfb::ethnic-entity vietnam vietnamese_85% (* -90 %) );; line 120053 (wfb::ethnic-entity vietnam chinese (* 3 %) );; line 120053 (wfb::ethnic-entity vietnam muong n/a );; line 120053 (wfb::ethnic-entity vietnam thai n/a );; line 120053 (wfb::ethnic-entity vietnam meo n/a );; line 120053 (wfb::ethnic-entity vietnam khmer n/a );; line 120053 (wfb::ethnic-entity vietnam man n/a );; line 120053 (wfb::ethnic-entity vietnam cham n/a );; line 120053 (wfb::religion vietnam buddhist n/a );; line 120058 (wfb::religion vietnam taoist n/a );; line 120058 (wfb::religion vietnam roman_catholic n/a );; line 120058 (wfb::religion vietnam indigenous_beliefs n/a );; line 120058 (wfb::religion vietnam islam n/a );; line 120058 (wfb::religion vietnam protestant n/a );; line 120058 (wfb::language vietnam vietnamese-language-group n/a );; line 120063 (wfb::comment language vietnam vietnamese-language-group "official" );; line 120063 (wfb::language vietnam french n/a );; line 120063 (wfb::language vietnam chinese-language-group n/a );; line 120063 (wfb::language vietnam english n/a );; line 120063 (wfb::language vietnam khmer-language-group n/a );; line 120063 (wfb::language vietnam tribal_languages n/a );; line 120063 (wfb::comment language vietnam tribal_languages "Mon-Khmer and Malayo-Polynesian" );; line 120063 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition vietnam date_1989 );; line 120068 (wfb::literacy-condition vietnam "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 120068 (wfb::literacy vietnam total_population (* 88 %) );; line 120070 (wfb::literacy vietnam male (* 93 %) );; line 120072 (wfb::literacy vietnam female (* 83 %) );; line 120074 (wfb::total_labor_force vietnam 32.7e6 );; line 120078 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force vietnam by_occupation date_1990 );; line 120080 (wfb::estimation-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1990 );; line 120080 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation vietnam agricultural (* 65 %) );; line 120080 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation vietnam industrial_and_service (* 35 %) );; line 120080 (wfb::names vietnam conventional_long_form "Socialist Republic of Vietnam" );; line 120086 (wfb::names vietnam conventional_short_form "Vietnam" );; line 120088 (wfb::names vietnam local_long_form "Cong Hoa Chu Nghia Viet Nam" );; line 120090 (wfb::names vietnam local_short_form "Viet Nam" );; line 120092 (wfb::abbreviation vietnam "SRV" );; line 120096 (wfb::digraph vietnam "VM" );; line 120100 (wfb::type vietnam "Communist state" );; line 120104 (wfb::capital vietnam hanoi-vietnam );; line 120108 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_vietnam_provinces "provinces" "tinh" "tinh" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_divisions vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces 50 );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_vietnam_municipalities "municipalities" "thu do" "thu do" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_divisions vietnam adm_div_vietnam_municipalities 3 );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "An Giang" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Ba Ria-Vung Tau" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Bac Thai" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Ben Tre" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Binh Dinh" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Binh Thuan" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Can Tho" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Cao Bang" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Dac Lac" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Dong Nai" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Dong Thap" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Gia Lai" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Ha Bac" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Ha Giang" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_municipalities "Ha Noi" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Ha Tay" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Ha Tinh" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Hai Hung" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_municipalities "Hai Phong" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_municipalities "Ho Chi Minh" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Hoa Binh" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Khanh Hoa" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Kien Giang" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Kon Tum" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Lai Chau" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Lam Dong" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Lang Son" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Lao Cai" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Long An" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Minh Hai" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Nam Ha" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Nghe An" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Ninh Binh" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Ninh Thuan" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Phu Yen" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Quang Binh" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Quang Nam-Da Nang" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Quang Ngai" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Quang Ninh" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Quang Tri" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Soc Trang" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Son La" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Song Be" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Tay Ninh" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Thai Binh" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Thanh Hoa" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Thua Thien-Hue" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Tien Giang" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Tra Vinh" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Tuyen Quang" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Vinh Long" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Vinh Phu" );; line 120112 (wfb::administrative_division_of vietnam adm_div_vietnam_provinces "Yen Bai" );; line 120112 (wfb::independence vietnam date_2_sep_1945 "France" );; line 120124 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1945 );; line 120128 (wfb::comment national_holiday vietnam "1945" );; line 120128 (wfb::national_holiday vietnam "Independence Day" date_2_sep );; line 120128 (wfb::constitution vietnam "15 April 1992" );; line 120132 (wfb::legal_system vietnam "based on Communist legal theory and French civil law system" );; line 120136 (wfb::comment suffrage vietnam " universal" );; line 120140 (wfb::suffrage vietnam (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 120140 (wfb::executive_branch vietnam chief_of_state "President Le Duc ANH " date_23_sep_1992 );; line 120145 (wfb::comment executive_branch vietnam head_of_government "First Deputy Prime Minister Phan Van KHAI (since 10 August 1991)" );; line 120147 (wfb::comment executive_branch vietnam head_of_government "Deputy Prime Minister Nguyen KHANH (since NA February 1987)" );; line 120147 (wfb::comment executive_branch vietnam head_of_government "Deputy Prime Minister Tran Duc LUONG (since NA February 1987)" );; line 120147 (wfb::executive_branch vietnam head_of_government "Prime Minister Vo Van KIET " date_9_aug_1991 );; line 120147 (wfb::comment executive_branch vietnam cabinet "appointed by the president on proposal of the prime minister and ratification of the Assembly" );; line 120152 (wfb::executive_branch vietnam cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 120152 (wfb::legislative_structure vietnam unicameral n/a );; line 120157 (wfb::legislative_branch vietnam "National Assembly (Quoc-Hoi)" "elections last held 19 July 1992 (next to be held NA July 1997); results - VCP is the only party; seats - (395 total) VCP or VCP-approved 395" );; line 120159 (wfb::judicial_branch vietnam "Supreme People's Court" );; line 120164 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders vietnam "only party - Vietnam Communist Party (VCP), DO MUOI, general secretary" );; line 120168 (wfb::member_of vietnam acct );; line 120173 (wfb::member_of vietnam asdb );; line 120173 (wfb::member_of vietnam asean );; line 120173 (wfb::comment member_of vietnam asean "observer" );; line 120173 (wfb::member_of vietnam ccc );; line 120173 (wfb::member_of vietnam escap );; line 120173 (wfb::member_of vietnam fao );; line 120173 (wfb::member_of vietnam g-77 );; line 120173 (wfb::member_of vietnam iaea );; line 120173 (wfb::member_of vietnam ibrd );; line 120173 (wfb::member_of vietnam icao );; line 120173 (wfb::member_of vietnam icrm );; line 120173 (wfb::member_of vietnam ida );; line 120173 (wfb::member_of vietnam ifad );; line 120173 (wfb::member_of vietnam ifc );; line 120173 (wfb::member_of vietnam ifrcs );; line 120173 (wfb::member_of vietnam ilo );; line 120173 (wfb::member_of vietnam imf );; line 120173 (wfb::member_of vietnam imo );; line 120173 (wfb::member_of vietnam intelsat );; line 120173 (wfb::member_of vietnam interpol );; line 120173 (wfb::member_of vietnam ioc );; line 120173 (wfb::member_of vietnam iom );; line 120173 (wfb::comment member_of vietnam iom "observer" );; line 120173 (wfb::member_of vietnam iso );; line 120173 (wfb::member_of vietnam itu );; line 120173 (wfb::member_of vietnam nam );; line 120173 (wfb::member_of vietnam un );; line 120173 (wfb::member_of vietnam unctad );; line 120173 (wfb::member_of vietnam unesco );; line 120173 (wfb::member_of vietnam unido );; line 120173 (wfb::member_of vietnam upu );; line 120173 (wfb::member_of vietnam wcl );; line 120173 (wfb::member_of vietnam wftu );; line 120173 (wfb::member_of vietnam who );; line 120173 (wfb::member_of vietnam wipo );; line 120173 (wfb::member_of vietnam wmo );; line 120173 (wfb::member_of vietnam wto );; line 120173 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us vietnam chief_of_mission "Liaison Officer Le Van BANG" );; line 120181 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us vietnam liaison_office "address NA, Washington, DC" );; line 120183 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us vietnam mailing_address "NA" );; line 120185 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us vietnam telephone "NA" );; line 120187 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us vietnam fax "NA" );; line 120189 (wfb::comment diplomatic_representation_in_us vietnam "negotiations between representatives of the US and Vietnam concluded 28 January 1995 with the signing of an agreement to establish liaison offices in Hanoi and Washington" );; line 120191 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation vietnam chief_of_mission "Liaison Officer James HALL" );; line 120198 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation vietnam liaison_office "address NA, Hanoi" );; line 120200 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation vietnam mailing_address "NA" );; line 120202 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation vietnam telephone "NA" );; line 120204 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation vietnam fax "NA" );; line 120206 (wfb::comment us_diplomatic_representation vietnam "negotiations between representatives of the US and Vietnam concluded 28 January 1995 with the signing of an agreement to establish liaison offices in Hanoi and Washington" );; line 120208 (wfb::flag vietnam "red with a large yellow five-pointed star in the center" );; line 120214 (wfb::overview vietnam "Vietnam has made significant progress in recent years moving away from the planned economic model toward a more effective market-based economic system. Most prices are now fully decontrolled, and the Vietnamese currency has been effectively devalued and floated at world market rates. In addition, the scope for private sector activity has been expanded, primarily through decollectivization of the agricultural sector and introduction of laws giving legal recognition to private business. Nearly three-quarters of export earnings are generated by only two commodities, rice and crude oil. Led by industry and construction, the economy did well in 1993 and 1994 with output rising 7% and 9% respectively. However, the industrial sector remains burdened by noncompetitive state-owned enterprises the government is unwilling or unable to privatize. Unemployment looms as a serious problem with roughly 20% of the work force without jobs and with population growth swelling the ranks of the labor force yearly." );; line 120219 (wfb::estimation-date national_product vietnam date_1994 );; line 120236 (wfb::national_product vietnam (* 83.5e9 $) );; line 120236 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate vietnam date_1994 );; line 120240 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate vietnam (* 8.8 %) );; line 120240 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita vietnam date_1994 );; line 120244 (wfb::national_product_per_capita vietnam (* 1140 $) );; line 120244 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| vietnam "14.4% (1994)" );; line 120248 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate vietnam date_1994 );; line 120252 (wfb::unemployment_rate vietnam (* 20 %) );; line 120252 (wfb::budget vietnam revenues (* 3.6e9 $) );; line 120257 (wfb::estimation-date budget vietnam date_1994 );; line 120259 (wfb::budget vietnam expenditures (* 4.5e9 $) );; line 120259 (wfb::budget vietnam capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 120259 (wfb::exports vietnam (* 3.6e9 $) );; line 120263 (wfb::exports vietnam commodities petroleum-commodity n/a );; line 120265 (wfb::exports vietnam commodities rice n/a );; line 120265 (wfb::exports vietnam commodities agricultural_products n/a );; line 120265 (wfb::exports vietnam commodities marine_products-commodity n/a );; line 120265 (wfb::exports vietnam commodities coffee n/a );; line 120265 (wfb::exports vietnam partners japan n/a );; line 120267 (wfb::exports vietnam partners singapore n/a );; line 120267 (wfb::exports vietnam partners hong_kong n/a );; line 120267 (wfb::exports vietnam partners france n/a );; line 120267 (wfb::exports vietnam partners south_korea n/a );; line 120267 (wfb::imports vietnam (* 4.2e9 $) );; line 120271 (wfb::imports vietnam commodities petroleum_products-commodity n/a );; line 120273 (wfb::imports vietnam commodities machinery_and_equipment n/a );; line 120273 (wfb::imports vietnam commodities steel_products n/a );; line 120273 (wfb::imports vietnam commodities fertilizer-commodity n/a );; line 120273 (wfb::imports vietnam commodities raw_cotton n/a );; line 120273 (wfb::imports vietnam commodities grain n/a );; line 120273 (wfb::imports vietnam partners singapore n/a );; line 120276 (wfb::imports vietnam partners japan n/a );; line 120276 (wfb::imports vietnam partners south_korea n/a );; line 120276 (wfb::imports vietnam partners france n/a );; line 120276 (wfb::imports vietnam partners hong_kong n/a );; line 120276 (wfb::imports vietnam partners taiwan n/a );; line 120276 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 120285 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production vietnam date_1994 );; line 120285 (wfb::industrial_production vietnam growth_rate (* 13 %) );; line 120285 (wfb::industrial_production vietnam accounts_for (* 21 %_of_gdp) );; line 120285 (wfb::electricity vietnam capacity (* 2200000 kw) );; line 120290 (wfb::electricity vietnam production (* 9.7e9 kwh) );; line 120292 (wfb::measurement-date electricity vietnam consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 120294 (wfb::electricity vietnam consumption_per_capita (* 125 kwh) );; line 120294 (wfb::industry vietnam food_processing );; line 120298 (wfb::industry vietnam textiles );; line 120298 (wfb::industry vietnam machine_building );; line 120298 (wfb::industry vietnam mining );; line 120298 (wfb::industry vietnam cement );; line 120298 (wfb::industry vietnam chemical_fertilizer );; line 120298 (wfb::industry vietnam glass );; line 120298 (wfb::industry vietnam tires );; line 120298 (wfb::industry vietnam oil );; line 120298 (wfb::agriculture vietnam "accounts for 36% of GDP; paddy rice, corn, potatoes make up 50% of farm output; commercial crops (rubber, soybeans, coffee, tea, bananas) and animal products 50%; since 1989 self-sufficient in food staple rice; fish catch of 943,100 metric tons (1989 est.); note - the third largest exporter of rice in the World, behind the US and Thailand" );; line 120303 (wfb::illicit_drugs vietnam "opium producer and increasingly important transit point for Southeast Asian heroin destined for the US and Europe; growing opium addiction; small-scale heroin producer" );; line 120311 (wfb::economic_aid vietnam recipient "$2 billion in credits and grants pledged by international donors for 1995, Japan largest contributor with $650 million pledged for 1995" );; line 120318 (wfb::abbreviation new_dong "D" );; line 120323 (wfb::currency vietnam new_dong 100 xu );; line 120323 (wfb::exchange_rates vietnam "new dong (D) per US$1 - 11,000 (October 1994), 10,800 (November 1993), 8,100 (July 1991), 7,280 (December 1990), 3,996 (March 1990)" );; line 120327 (wfb::fiscal_year vietnam date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 120332 (wfb::railroads vietnam total "3,059 km (including 224 km not restored to service after war damage)" );; line 120338 (wfb::railroads vietnam standard_gauge "151 km 1.435-m gauge" );; line 120341 (wfb::railroads vietnam narrow_gauge "2,454 km 1.000-m gauge" );; line 120343 (wfb::railroads vietnam other_gauge "230 km NA-m dual gauge (three rails)" );; line 120345 (wfb::highways vietnam total (* 85000 km) );; line 120350 (wfb::highways vietnam paved (* 9400 km) );; line 120352 (wfb::highways vietnam (union gravel improved_earth ) (* 48700 km) );; line 120354 (wfb::highways vietnam unimproved_earth (* 26900 km) );; line 120354 (wfb::inland_waterways vietnam "17,702 km navigable; more than 5,149 km navigable at all times by vessels up to 1.8 meter draft" );; line 120358 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 150 km) );; line 120363 (wfb::port vietnam da_nang-vietnam );; line 120367 (wfb::port vietnam haiphong-vietnam );; line 120367 (wfb::port vietnam ho_chi_minh_city-vietnam );; line 120367 (wfb::port vietnam hon_gai-vietnam );; line 120367 (wfb::port vietnam qui_nhon-vietnam );; line 120367 (wfb::port vietnam nha_trang-vietnam );; line 120367 (wfb::merchant_marine vietnam total "109 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 449,963 GRT/932,837 DWT" );; line 120372 (wfb::merchant_marine vietnam ships_by_type "bulk 3, cargo 92, oil tanker 10, refrigerated cargo 3, roll-on/roll-off cargo 1" );; line 120374 (wfb::airports vietnam total 48 );; line 120380 (wfb::airports vietnam |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 8 );; line 120382 (wfb::airports vietnam |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 3 );; line 120384 (wfb::airports vietnam |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 5 );; line 120386 (wfb::airports vietnam |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 13 );; line 120388 (wfb::airports vietnam with_paved_runways_under_914_m 7 );; line 120390 (wfb::airports vietnam |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 2 );; line 120392 (wfb::airports vietnam |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 5 );; line 120394 (wfb::airports vietnam with_unpaved_runways_under_914_m 5 );; line 120396 (wfb::telephone_system vietnam "NA telephones; 2 telephones/1,000 persons; the inadequacies of the obsolete switching equipment and cable system are a serious constraint on the business sector and on economic growth, and restrict access to the international links that Vietnam has established with most major countries; the telephone system is not generally available for private use" );; line 120401 (wfb::telephone_system vietnam local "NA" );; line 120407 (wfb::telephone_system vietnam intercity "NA" );; line 120409 (wfb::telephone_system vietnam international "3 satellite earth stations" );; line 120411 (wfb::radio vietnam broadcast_stations fm 228 );; line 120416 (wfb::radio vietnam broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 120416 (wfb::measurement-date radio vietnam radios date_1991 );; line 120418 (wfb::radio vietnam radios 7e6 );; line 120418 (wfb::comment television vietnam broadcast_stations "repeaters 77" );; line 120423 (wfb::television vietnam broadcast_stations 36 );; line 120423 (wfb::measurement-date television vietnam televisions date_1991 );; line 120425 (wfb::television vietnam televisions 2.5e6 );; line 120425 (wfb::manpower_availability vietnam "males age 15-49 18,799,370; males fit for military service 11,913,116; males reach military age (17) annually 742,394 (1995 est.)" );; line 120436 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures vietnam date_1994 );; line 120441 (wfb::defense_expenditures vietnam (* 435e6 $) );; line 120441 (wfb::defense_expenditures vietnam (* 2.5 %_of_gdp) );; line 120441 (wfb::markup-parameter figure virgin_islands "graphno=\"vq.tif\"" );; line 120447 (wfb::header virgin_islands "(territory of the US)" );; line 120447 (wfb::location virgin_islands "Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, east of Puerto Rico" );; line 120451 (wfb::map_references virgin_islands "Central America and the Caribbean" );; line 120456 (wfb::area virgin_islands total_area (* 352 sq_km) );; line 120461 (wfb::area virgin_islands land_area (* 349 sq_km) );; line 120463 (wfb::area virgin_islands comparative_area "slightly less than twice the size of Washington, DC" );; line 120465 (wfb::coastline virgin_islands (* 188 km) );; line 120473 (wfb::maritime_claims virgin_islands exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 120478 (wfb::maritime_claims virgin_islands territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 120480 (wfb::international_disputes virgin_islands "none" );; line 120484 (wfb::climate virgin_islands "subtropical, tempered by easterly tradewinds, relatively low humidity, little seasonal temperature variation" );; line 120488 (wfb::climate virgin_islands "rainy season May to November" );; line 120488 (wfb::terrain virgin_islands "mostly hilly to rugged and mountainous with little level land" );; line 120493 (wfb::natural-resource virgin_islands sun );; line 120497 (wfb::natural-resource virgin_islands sand-natural-resource );; line 120497 (wfb::natural-resource virgin_islands sea );; line 120497 (wfb::natural-resource virgin_islands surf );; line 120497 (wfb::land_use virgin_islands arable_land (* 15 %) );; line 120502 (wfb::land_use virgin_islands permanent_crops (* 6 %) );; line 120504 (wfb::land_use virgin_islands meadows_and_pastures (* 26 %) );; line 120506 (wfb::land_use virgin_islands forest_and_woodland (* 6 %) );; line 120508 (wfb::land_use virgin_islands other (* 47 %) );; line 120510 (wfb::irrigated_land virgin_islands (* n/a sq_km) );; line 120514 (wfb::environment virgin_islands current_issues "lack of natural freshwater resources" );; line 120519 (wfb::environment virgin_islands natural_hazards "rarely affected by hurricanes" );; line 120521 (wfb::environment virgin_islands natural_hazards "frequent and severe droughts, floods, and earthquakes" );; line 120521 (wfb::environment virgin_islands international_agreements "NA" );; line 120524 (wfb::note virgin_islands "important location along the Anegada Passage - a key shipping lane for the Panama Canal; Saint Thomas has one of the best natural, deepwater harbors in the Caribbean" );; line 120528 (wfb::estimation-date population virgin_islands date_jul_1995 );; line 120536 (wfb::population virgin_islands 97229 );; line 120536 (wfb::comment population virgin_islands "West Indian (45% born in the Virgin Islands and 29% born elsewhere in the West Indies) 74%, US mainland 13%, Puerto Rican 5%, other 8%" );; line 120538 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate virgin_islands date_1995 );; line 120552 (wfb::population_growth_rate virgin_islands (* -0.29 %) );; line 120552 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate virgin_islands date_1995 );; line 120556 (wfb::birth_rate virgin_islands (* 18.49 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 120556 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate virgin_islands date_1995 );; line 120560 (wfb::death_rate virgin_islands (* 5.2 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 120560 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate virgin_islands date_1995 );; line 120564 (wfb::net_migration_rate virgin_islands (* -16.17 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 120564 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate virgin_islands date_1995 );; line 120568 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate virgin_islands (* 12.54 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 120568 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth virgin_islands total_population (* 75.29 years) );; line 120573 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth virgin_islands male (* 73.6 years) );; line 120575 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth virgin_islands female date_1995 );; line 120577 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth virgin_islands female (* 77.2 years) );; line 120577 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate virgin_islands date_1995 );; line 120581 (wfb::total_fertility_rate virgin_islands (* 2.41 children_born/woman) );; line 120581 (wfb::nationality virgin_islands noun "Virgin Islander(s)" );; line 120586 (wfb::nationality virgin_islands adjective "Virgin Islander" );; line 120588 (wfb::ethnic-entity virgin_islands black (* 80 %) );; line 120592 (wfb::ethnic-entity virgin_islands white (* 15 %) );; line 120592 (wfb::religion virgin_islands baptist (* 42 %) );; line 120596 (wfb::religion virgin_islands roman_catholic (* 34 %) );; line 120596 (wfb::religion virgin_islands episcopalian (* 17 %) );; line 120596 (wfb::language virgin_islands english n/a );; line 120600 (wfb::comment language virgin_islands english "official" );; line 120600 (wfb::language virgin_islands spanish-language-group n/a );; line 120600 (wfb::language virgin_islands creole n/a );; line 120600 (wfb::literacy-condition virgin_islands "NA%" );; line 120604 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force virgin_islands date_1988 );; line 120608 (wfb::total_labor_force virgin_islands 45500 );; line 120608 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation virgin_islands tourism-occupation-type (* 70 %) );; line 120610 (wfb::names virgin_islands conventional_long_form "Virgin Islands of the United States" );; line 120616 (wfb::names virgin_islands conventional_short_form "Virgin Islands" );; line 120618 (wfb::digraph virgin_islands "VQ" );; line 120622 (wfb::type virgin_islands "organized, unincorporated territory of the US administered by the Office of Territorial and International Affairs, US Department of the Interior" );; line 120626 (wfb::capital virgin_islands charlotte_amalie-virgin_islands );; line 120632 (wfb::comment national_holiday virgin_islands "from Denmark to US" );; line 120640 (wfb::national_holiday virgin_islands "Transfer Day" date_31_mar );; line 120640 (wfb::constitution virgin_islands "Revised Organic Act of 22 July 1954" );; line 120644 (wfb::legal_system virgin_islands "based on US" );; line 120648 (wfb::comment suffrage virgin_islands " universal; note - indigenous inhabitants are US citizens but do not vote in US presidential elections" );; line 120652 (wfb::suffrage virgin_islands (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 120652 (wfb::comment executive_branch virgin_islands chief_of_state "Vice President Albert GORE, Jr. (since 20 January 1993)" );; line 120658 (wfb::executive_branch virgin_islands chief_of_state "President William Jefferson CLINTON " date_20_jan_1993 );; line 120658 (wfb::comment executive_branch virgin_islands head_of_government "Lieutenant Governor Kenneth E. MAPP (since 5 January 1995)" );; line 120661 (wfb::comment executive_branch virgin_islands head_of_government "election last held 22 November 1994 (next to be held NA November 1998)" );; line 120661 (wfb::comment executive_branch virgin_islands head_of_government "results - Dr. Roy L. SCHNEIDER (Independent) 54.7%, former Lieutenant Governor Derek HODGE 42.6%" );; line 120661 (wfb::executive_branch virgin_islands head_of_government "Governor Dr. Roy L. SCHNEIDER " date_5_jan_1995 );; line 120661 (wfb::legislative_structure virgin_islands unicameral n/a );; line 120668 (wfb::legislative_branch virgin_islands "Senate" "elections last held 8 November 1994 (next to be held 5 November 1996); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (15 total) Democrats 7, Independents 7, Republican 1" );; line 120670 (wfb::legislative_branch virgin_islands "US House of Representatives" "elections last held 8 November 1994 (next to be held 5 November 1996); results - Victor O. FRAZER (Independent) 54.5%, Eileen R. PETERSON (Democrat) 45.5%; seats - (1 total) Independent 1; note - the Virgin Islands elects one representative to the US House of Representatives" );; line 120674 (wfb::judicial_branch virgin_islands us_district_court "handles civil matters over $50,000, felonies (persons 15 years of age and over), and federal cases" );; line 120682 (wfb::judicial_branch virgin_islands territorial_court "handles civil matters up to $50,000, small claims, juvenile, domestic, misdemeanors, and traffic cases" );; line 120685 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders virgin_islands "Democratic Party, Marilyn STAPLETON; Independent Citizens' Movement (ICM), Virdin C. BROWN; Republican Party, Charlotte-Poole DAVIS" );; line 120690 (wfb::member_of virgin_islands eclac );; line 120695 (wfb::comment member_of virgin_islands eclac "associate" );; line 120695 (wfb::member_of virgin_islands ioc );; line 120695 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us virgin_islands "none (territory of the US)" );; line 120699 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation virgin_islands "none (territory of the US)" );; line 120703 (wfb::flag virgin_islands "white with a modified US coat of arms in the center between the large blue initials V and I; the coat of arms shows an eagle holding an olive branch in one talon and three arrows in the other with a superimposed shield of vertical red and white stripes below a blue panel" );; line 120707 (wfb::overview virgin_islands "Tourism is the primary economic activity, accounting for more than 70% of GDP and 70% of employment. The manufacturing sector consists of textile, electronics, pharmaceutical, and watch assembly plants. The agricultural sector is small, most food being imported. International business and financial services are a small but growing component of the economy. One of the world's largest petroleum refineries is at Saint Croix." );; line 120715 (wfb::estimation-date national_product virgin_islands date_1987 );; line 120724 (wfb::national_product virgin_islands (* 1.2e9 $) );; line 120724 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate virgin_islands (* n/a %) );; line 120728 (wfb::measurement-date national_product_per_capita virgin_islands date_1987 );; line 120732 (wfb::national_product_per_capita virgin_islands (* 11000 $) );; line 120732 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| virgin_islands "NA%" );; line 120736 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate virgin_islands date_1992 );; line 120740 (wfb::unemployment_rate virgin_islands (* 3.7 %) );; line 120740 (wfb::budget virgin_islands revenues (* 364.4e6 $) );; line 120745 (wfb::estimation-date budget virgin_islands date_1990 );; line 120747 (wfb::budget virgin_islands expenditures (* 364.4e6 $) );; line 120747 (wfb::budget virgin_islands capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 120747 (wfb::exports virgin_islands (* 2.8e9 $) );; line 120751 (wfb::exports virgin_islands partners us n/a );; line 120755 (wfb::exports virgin_islands partners puerto_rico n/a );; line 120755 (wfb::imports virgin_islands (* 3.3e9 $) );; line 120759 (wfb::imports virgin_islands commodities crude_oil n/a );; line 120761 (wfb::imports virgin_islands commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 120761 (wfb::imports virgin_islands commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 120761 (wfb::imports virgin_islands commodities building_materials n/a );; line 120761 (wfb::imports virgin_islands partners us n/a );; line 120763 (wfb::imports virgin_islands partners puerto_rico n/a );; line 120763 (wfb::external_debt virgin_islands (* n/a $) );; line 120767 (wfb::industrial_production virgin_islands accounts_for (* n/a %_of_gdp) );; line 120771 (wfb::electricity virgin_islands capacity (* 320000 kw) );; line 120776 (wfb::electricity virgin_islands production (* 970e6 kwh) );; line 120778 (wfb::measurement-date electricity virgin_islands consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 120780 (wfb::electricity virgin_islands consumption_per_capita (* 9172 kwh) );; line 120780 (wfb::industry virgin_islands tourism );; line 120784 (wfb::industry virgin_islands petroleum_refining );; line 120784 (wfb::industry virgin_islands watch_assembly );; line 120784 (wfb::industry virgin_islands rum_distilling );; line 120784 (wfb::industry virgin_islands construction-industry );; line 120784 (wfb::industry virgin_islands pharmaceuticals-industry );; line 120784 (wfb::industry virgin_islands textiles );; line 120784 (wfb::industry virgin_islands electronics-industry );; line 120784 (wfb::agriculture virgin_islands "truck gardens, food crops (small scale), fruit, sorghum, Senepol cattle" );; line 120789 (wfb::economic_aid virgin_islands recipient "Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $42 million" );; line 120795 (wfb::abbreviation united_states_dollar "US$" );; line 120800 (wfb::currency virgin_islands united_states_dollar 100 cents );; line 120800 (wfb::exchange_rates virgin_islands "US currency is used" );; line 120804 (wfb::fiscal_year virgin_islands date_1_oct date_30_sep );; line 120808 (wfb::railroads virgin_islands "0 km" );; line 120813 (wfb::highways virgin_islands total (* 856 km) );; line 120818 (wfb::port virgin_islands charlotte_amalie-virgin_islands );; line 120826 (wfb::port virgin_islands christiansted-virgin_islands );; line 120826 (wfb::port virgin_islands cruz_bay-virgin_islands );; line 120826 (wfb::port virgin_islands port_alucroix-virgin_islands );; line 120826 (wfb::merchant_marine virgin_islands "none" );; line 120830 (wfb::airports virgin_islands total 2 );; line 120835 (wfb::airports virgin_islands |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 2 );; line 120837 (wfb::comment airports virgin_islands "international airports on Saint Thomas and Saint Croix" );; line 120839 (wfb::telephone_system virgin_islands "58,931 telephones; modern telephone system using fiber-optic cable, submarine cable, microwave radio, and satellite facilities" );; line 120844 (wfb::telephone_system virgin_islands local "NA" );; line 120847 (wfb::telephone_system virgin_islands intercity "NA" );; line 120849 (wfb::telephone_system virgin_islands international "NA" );; line 120851 (wfb::measurement-date radio virgin_islands date_1988 );; line 120856 (wfb::radio virgin_islands broadcast_stations am 4 );; line 120856 (wfb::radio virgin_islands broadcast_stations fm 8 );; line 120856 (wfb::radio virgin_islands broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 120856 (wfb::radio virgin_islands radios 98000 );; line 120858 (wfb::measurement-date television virgin_islands broadcast_stations date_1988 );; line 120863 (wfb::television virgin_islands broadcast_stations 4 );; line 120863 (wfb::television virgin_islands televisions 63000 );; line 120865 (wfb::note virgin_islands "defense is the responsibility of the US" );; line 120871 (wfb::markup-parameter figure wake_island "graphno=\"wq.tif\"" );; line 120878 (wfb::header wake_island "(territory of the US)" );; line 120878 (wfb::location wake_island "Oceania, island in the North Pacific Ocean, about two-thirds of the way from Hawaii to the Northern Mariana Islands" );; line 120882 (wfb::map_references wake_island "Oceania" );; line 120887 (wfb::area wake_island total_area (* 6.5 sq_km) );; line 120892 (wfb::area wake_island land_area (* 6.5 sq_km) );; line 120894 (wfb::area wake_island comparative_area "about 11 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC" );; line 120896 (wfb::coastline wake_island (* 19.3 km) );; line 120904 (wfb::maritime_claims wake_island exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 120909 (wfb::maritime_claims wake_island territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 120911 (wfb::international_disputes wake_island "claimed by the Republic of the Marshall Islands" );; line 120915 (wfb::climate wake_island "tropical" );; line 120919 (wfb::terrain wake_island "atoll of three coral islands built up on an underwater volcano" );; line 120923 (wfb::terrain wake_island "central lagoon is former crater, islands are part of the rim" );; line 120923 (wfb::terrain wake_island "average elevation less than 4 meters" );; line 120923 (wfb::land_use wake_island arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 120934 (wfb::land_use wake_island permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 120936 (wfb::land_use wake_island meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 120938 (wfb::land_use wake_island forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 120940 (wfb::land_use wake_island other (* 100 %) );; line 120942 (wfb::irrigated_land wake_island (* 0 sq_km) );; line 120946 (wfb::environment wake_island current_issues "NA" );; line 120951 (wfb::environment wake_island natural_hazards "occasional typhoons" );; line 120953 (wfb::environment wake_island international_agreements "NA" );; line 120955 (wfb::note wake_island "strategic location in the North Pacific Ocean; emergency landing location for transpacific flights" );; line 120959 (wfb::estimation-date population wake_island date_jul_1995 );; line 120966 (wfb::population wake_island 302 );; line 120966 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate wake_island date_1995 );; line 120970 (wfb::population_growth_rate wake_island (* 0 %) );; line 120970 (wfb::birth_rate wake_island (* n/a |births/1,000 population|) );; line 120974 (wfb::death_rate wake_island (* n/a |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 120978 (wfb::net_migration_rate wake_island (* n/a |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 120982 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate wake_island (* n/a |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 120986 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth wake_island total_population (* n/a years) );; line 120991 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth wake_island male (* n/a years) );; line 120993 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth wake_island female (* n/a years) );; line 120995 (wfb::total_fertility_rate wake_island (* n/a children_born/woman) );; line 120999 (wfb::names wake_island conventional_short_form "Wake Island" );; line 121007 (wfb::digraph wake_island "WQ" );; line 121011 (wfb::type wake_island "unincorporated territory of the US administered by the US Army and Strategic Defense Command since 1 October 1994" );; line 121015 (wfb::comment independence wake_island "territory of the US" );; line 121024 (wfb::flag wake_island "the US flag is used" );; line 121028 (wfb::overview wake_island "Economic activity is limited to providing services to US military personnel and contractors located on the island. All food and manufactured goods must be imported." );; line 121033 (wfb::railroads wake_island "0 km" );; line 121044 (wfb::merchant_marine wake_island "none" );; line 121052 (wfb::airports wake_island total 1 );; line 121057 (wfb::airports wake_island |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 121059 (wfb::note wake_island "formerly an important commercial aviation base, now used by US military, some commercial cargo planes, as well as the US Army Space and Strategic Defense Command for missile launches" );; line 121063 (wfb::telephone_system wake_island "NA telephones; satellite communications; 1 Autovon circuit off the Overseas Telephone System (OTS)" );; line 121070 (wfb::telephone_system wake_island local "NA" );; line 121073 (wfb::telephone_system wake_island intercity "NA" );; line 121075 (wfb::telephone_system wake_island international "NA" );; line 121077 (wfb::comment telephone_system wake_island "Armed Forces Radio/Television Service (AFRTS) radio and television service provided by satellite" );; line 121079 (wfb::radio wake_island broadcast_stations am 0 );; line 121085 (wfb::radio wake_island radios n/a );; line 121087 (wfb::comment radio wake_island "Armed Forces Radio/Television Service (AFRTS) radio and television service provided by satellite" );; line 121089 (wfb::television wake_island broadcast_stations n/a );; line 121095 (wfb::television wake_island televisions n/a );; line 121097 (wfb::comment television wake_island "Armed Forces Radio/Television Service (AFRTS) radio and television service provided by satellite" );; line 121099 (wfb::note wake_island "formerly an important commercial aviation base, now used by US military, as well as the US Army Space and Strategic Defense Command for missile launches" );; line 121104 (wfb::note wake_island "defense is the responsibility of the US" );; line 121112 (wfb::markup-parameter figure wallis_and_futuna "graphno=\"wf.tif\"" );; line 121118 (wfb::header wallis_and_futuna "(overseas territory of France)" );; line 121118 (wfb::location wallis_and_futuna "Oceania, islands in the South Pacific Ocean, about two-thirds of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand" );; line 121123 (wfb::map_references wallis_and_futuna "Oceania" );; line 121128 (wfb::area wallis_and_futuna total_area (* 274 sq_km) );; line 121133 (wfb::area wallis_and_futuna land_area (* 274 sq_km) );; line 121135 (wfb::area wallis_and_futuna comparative_area "slightly larger than Washington, DC" );; line 121137 (wfb::comment area wallis_and_futuna "includes Ile Uvea (Wallis Island), Ile Futuna (Futuna Island), Ile Alofi, and 20 islets" );; line 121139 (wfb::coastline wallis_and_futuna (* 129 km) );; line 121148 (wfb::maritime_claims wallis_and_futuna exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 121153 (wfb::maritime_claims wallis_and_futuna territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 121155 (wfb::international_disputes wallis_and_futuna "none" );; line 121159 (wfb::climate wallis_and_futuna "tropical" );; line 121163 (wfb::climate wallis_and_futuna "hot, rainy season (November to April)" );; line 121163 (wfb::climate wallis_and_futuna "cool, dry season (May to October)" );; line 121163 (wfb::terrain wallis_and_futuna "volcanic origin" );; line 121168 (wfb::terrain wallis_and_futuna "low hills" );; line 121168 (wfb::natural-resource wallis_and_futuna negligible );; line 121172 (wfb::land_use wallis_and_futuna arable_land (* 5 %) );; line 121177 (wfb::land_use wallis_and_futuna permanent_crops (* 20 %) );; line 121179 (wfb::land_use wallis_and_futuna meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 121181 (wfb::land_use wallis_and_futuna forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 121183 (wfb::land_use wallis_and_futuna other (* 75 %) );; line 121185 (wfb::irrigated_land wallis_and_futuna (* n/a sq_km) );; line 121189 (wfb::environment wallis_and_futuna current_issues "deforestation (only small portions of the original forests remain) largely as a result of the continued use of wood as the main fuel source" );; line 121194 (wfb::environment wallis_and_futuna current_issues "as a consequence of cutting down the forests, the mountainous terrain of Futuna is particularly prone to erosion" );; line 121194 (wfb::environment wallis_and_futuna current_issues "there are no permanent settlements on Alofi because of the lack of natural fresh water resources" );; line 121194 (wfb::environment wallis_and_futuna natural_hazards "NA" );; line 121200 (wfb::environment wallis_and_futuna international_agreements "NA" );; line 121202 (wfb::note wallis_and_futuna "both island groups have fringing reefs" );; line 121206 (wfb::estimation-date population wallis_and_futuna date_jul_1995 );; line 121212 (wfb::population wallis_and_futuna 14499 );; line 121212 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate wallis_and_futuna date_1995 );; line 121225 (wfb::population_growth_rate wallis_and_futuna (* 1.11 %) );; line 121225 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate wallis_and_futuna date_1995 );; line 121229 (wfb::birth_rate wallis_and_futuna (* 25.06 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 121229 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate wallis_and_futuna date_1995 );; line 121233 (wfb::death_rate wallis_and_futuna (* 5.14 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 121233 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate wallis_and_futuna date_1995 );; line 121237 (wfb::net_migration_rate wallis_and_futuna (* -8.85 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 121237 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate wallis_and_futuna date_1995 );; line 121241 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate wallis_and_futuna (* 24.92 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 121241 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth wallis_and_futuna total_population (* 72.24 years) );; line 121246 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth wallis_and_futuna male (* 71.62 years) );; line 121248 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth wallis_and_futuna female date_1995 );; line 121250 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth wallis_and_futuna female (* 72.9 years) );; line 121250 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate wallis_and_futuna date_1995 );; line 121254 (wfb::total_fertility_rate wallis_and_futuna (* 3.11 children_born/woman) );; line 121254 (wfb::nationality wallis_and_futuna noun "Wallisian(s), Futunan(s), or Wallis and Futuna Islanders" );; line 121259 (wfb::nationality wallis_and_futuna adjective "Wallisian, Futunan, or Wallis and Futuna Islander" );; line 121261 (wfb::ethnic-entity wallis_and_futuna polynesian n/a );; line 121265 (wfb::religion wallis_and_futuna roman_catholic n/a );; line 121269 (wfb::language wallis_and_futuna french n/a );; line 121273 (wfb::language wallis_and_futuna wallisian-language-group n/a );; line 121273 (wfb::comment language wallis_and_futuna wallisian-language-group "indigenous Polynesian language" );; line 121273 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition wallis_and_futuna date_1969 );; line 121277 (wfb::literacy-condition wallis_and_futuna "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 121277 (wfb::literacy wallis_and_futuna total_population (* 50 %) );; line 121279 (wfb::literacy wallis_and_futuna male (* 50 %) );; line 121281 (wfb::literacy wallis_and_futuna female (* 51 %) );; line 121283 (wfb::total_labor_force wallis_and_futuna n/a );; line 121287 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation wallis_and_futuna agriculture n/a );; line 121289 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation wallis_and_futuna livestock-occupation-type n/a );; line 121289 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation wallis_and_futuna fishing-occupation-type (* 80 %) );; line 121289 (wfb::comment labor_force_by_occupation wallis_and_futuna "est." );; line 121289 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation wallis_and_futuna government (* 4 %) );; line 121289 (wfb::names wallis_and_futuna conventional_long_form "Territory of the Wallis and Futuna Islands" );; line 121295 (wfb::names wallis_and_futuna conventional_short_form "Wallis and Futuna" );; line 121297 (wfb::names wallis_and_futuna local_long_form "Territoire des Iles Wallis et Futuna" );; line 121299 (wfb::names wallis_and_futuna local_short_form "Wallis et Futuna" );; line 121301 (wfb::digraph wallis_and_futuna "WF" );; line 121305 (wfb::type wallis_and_futuna "overseas territory of France" );; line 121309 (wfb::comment capital wallis_and_futuna "on Ile Uvea" );; line 121313 (wfb::capital wallis_and_futuna mata-utu-wallis_and_futuna );; line 121313 (wfb::comment independence wallis_and_futuna "overseas territory of France" );; line 121321 (wfb::constitution wallis_and_futuna "28 September 1958 (French Constitution)" );; line 121325 (wfb::legal_system wallis_and_futuna "French legal system" );; line 121329 (wfb::comment suffrage wallis_and_futuna " universal" );; line 121333 (wfb::suffrage wallis_and_futuna (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 121333 (wfb::executive_branch wallis_and_futuna chief_of_state "President Francois MITTERRAND " date_21_may_1981 );; line 121338 (wfb::comment executive_branch wallis_and_futuna head_of_government "President of the Territorial Assembly Soane Mani UHILA (since NA March 1992)" );; line 121340 (wfb::executive_branch wallis_and_futuna cabinet "Council of the Territory consists of 3 kings and 3 members appointed by the high administrator on advice of the Territorial Assembly" );; line 121343 (wfb::comment executive_branch wallis_and_futuna "there are three traditional kings with limited powers" );; line 121346 (wfb::legislative_structure wallis_and_futuna unicameral n/a );; line 121350 (wfb::legislative_branch wallis_and_futuna "Territorial Assembly (Assemblee Territoriale)" "elections last held 15 March 1987 (next to be held NA); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (20 total) RPR 7, UPL 5, UDF 4, UNF 4" );; line 121352 (wfb::legislative_branch wallis_and_futuna "French Senate" "elections last held 24 September 1989 (next to be held by NA September 1998); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (1 total) RPR 1" );; line 121355 (wfb::legislative_branch wallis_and_futuna "French National Assembly" "elections last held 21 and 28 March 1992 (next to be held by NA September 1996); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (1 total) MRG 1; note - Wallis and Futuna elect one deputy" );; line 121358 (wfb::judicial_branch wallis_and_futuna "none; justice generally administered under French law by the chief administrator, but the three traditional kings administer customary law and there is a magistrate in Mata-Utu" );; line 121364 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders wallis_and_futuna "Rally for the Republic (RPR); Union Populaire Locale (UPL); Union Pour la Democratie Francaise (UDF); Lua kae tahi (Giscardians); Mouvement des Radicaux de Gauche (MRG)" );; line 121370 (wfb::member_of wallis_and_futuna fz );; line 121376 (wfb::member_of wallis_and_futuna spc );; line 121376 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us wallis_and_futuna "none (overseas territory of France)" );; line 121380 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation wallis_and_futuna "none (overseas territory of France)" );; line 121384 (wfb::flag wallis_and_futuna "the flag of France is used" );; line 121388 (wfb::overview wallis_and_futuna "The economy is limited to traditional subsistence agriculture, with about 80% of the labor force earning its livelihood from agriculture (coconuts and vegetables), livestock (mostly pigs), and fishing. About 4% of the population is employed in government. Revenues come from French Government subsidies, licensing of fishing rights to Japan and South Korea, import taxes, and remittances from expatriate workers in New Caledonia. Wallis and Futuna imports food - particularly sugar and beef - fuel, clothing, machinery, and transport equipment, but its exports are negligible, consisting of copra and handicrafts." );; line 121393 (wfb::estimation-date national_product wallis_and_futuna date_1994 );; line 121405 (wfb::national_product wallis_and_futuna (* 28.7e6 $) );; line 121405 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate wallis_and_futuna (* n/a %) );; line 121409 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita wallis_and_futuna date_1994 );; line 121413 (wfb::national_product_per_capita wallis_and_futuna (* 2000 $) );; line 121413 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| wallis_and_futuna "NA%" );; line 121417 (wfb::unemployment_rate wallis_and_futuna (* n/a %) );; line 121421 (wfb::budget wallis_and_futuna revenues (* 2.7e6 $) );; line 121426 (wfb::estimation-date budget wallis_and_futuna date_1983 );; line 121428 (wfb::budget wallis_and_futuna expenditures (* 2.7e6 $) );; line 121428 (wfb::budget wallis_and_futuna capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 121428 (wfb::exports wallis_and_futuna (* 6.6e6 $) );; line 121432 (wfb::exports wallis_and_futuna commodities copra n/a );; line 121434 (wfb::exports wallis_and_futuna commodities handicrafts-commodity n/a );; line 121434 (wfb::imports wallis_and_futuna (* 13.3e6 $) );; line 121440 (wfb::imports wallis_and_futuna commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 121442 (wfb::imports wallis_and_futuna commodities manufactured_goods n/a );; line 121442 (wfb::imports wallis_and_futuna commodities transportation_equipment n/a );; line 121442 (wfb::imports wallis_and_futuna commodities fuel n/a );; line 121442 (wfb::imports wallis_and_futuna commodities clothing-commodity n/a );; line 121442 (wfb::imports wallis_and_futuna partners france n/a );; line 121445 (wfb::imports wallis_and_futuna partners australia n/a );; line 121445 (wfb::imports wallis_and_futuna partners new_zealand n/a );; line 121445 (wfb::external_debt wallis_and_futuna (* n/a $) );; line 121449 (wfb::industrial_production wallis_and_futuna growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 121453 (wfb::electricity wallis_and_futuna capacity (* 1200 kw) );; line 121458 (wfb::electricity wallis_and_futuna production (* 1e6 kwh) );; line 121460 (wfb::measurement-date electricity wallis_and_futuna consumption_per_capita date_1990 );; line 121462 (wfb::electricity wallis_and_futuna consumption_per_capita (* 70 kwh) );; line 121462 (wfb::industry wallis_and_futuna copra-industry );; line 121466 (wfb::industry wallis_and_futuna handicrafts );; line 121466 (wfb::industry wallis_and_futuna fishing-industry );; line 121466 (wfb::industry wallis_and_futuna lumber );; line 121466 (wfb::agriculture wallis_and_futuna "dominated by coconut production, with subsistence crops of yams, taro, bananas, and herds of pigs and goats" );; line 121470 (wfb::economic_aid wallis_and_futuna recipient "Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $118 million" );; line 121476 (wfb::abbreviation cfp_franc "CFPF" );; line 121481 (wfb::currency wallis_and_futuna cfp_franc 100 centimes );; line 121481 (wfb::exchange_rates wallis_and_futuna "Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique francs (CFPF) per US$1 - 96.25 (January 1995), 100.94 (1994), 102.96 (1993), 96.24 (1992), 102.57 (1991), 99.0 (1990); note - linked at the rate of 18.18 to the French franc" );; line 121485 (wfb::railroads wallis_and_futuna "0 km" );; line 121496 (wfb::comment highways wallis_and_futuna total "Ile Uvea 100 km, Ile Futuna 20km" );; line 121501 (wfb::comment highways wallis_and_futuna paved "on Il Uvea" );; line 121503 (wfb::comment highways wallis_and_futuna unpaved "Ile Uvea 84 km, Ile Futuna 20 km" );; line 121505 (wfb::inland_waterways wallis_and_futuna "none" );; line 121509 (wfb::port wallis_and_futuna leava-wallis_and_futuna );; line 121513 (wfb::port wallis_and_futuna mata-utu-wallis_and_futuna );; line 121513 (wfb::merchant_marine wallis_and_futuna total "1 oil tanker (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 26,000 GRT/40,000 DWT" );; line 121518 (wfb::airports wallis_and_futuna total 2 );; line 121523 (wfb::airports wallis_and_futuna |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 1 );; line 121525 (wfb::airports wallis_and_futuna |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 121527 (wfb::telephone_system wallis_and_futuna "225 telephones" );; line 121532 (wfb::telephone_system wallis_and_futuna local "NA" );; line 121534 (wfb::telephone_system wallis_and_futuna intercity "NA" );; line 121536 (wfb::telephone_system wallis_and_futuna international "NA" );; line 121538 (wfb::radio wallis_and_futuna broadcast_stations am 1 );; line 121543 (wfb::radio wallis_and_futuna broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 121543 (wfb::radio wallis_and_futuna broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 121543 (wfb::radio wallis_and_futuna radios n/a );; line 121545 (wfb::television wallis_and_futuna broadcast_stations 0 );; line 121550 (wfb::television wallis_and_futuna televisions n/a );; line 121552 (wfb::note wallis_and_futuna "defense is the responsibility of France" );; line 121558 (wfb::markup-parameter figure west_bank "graphno=\"we.tif\"" );; line 121564 (wfb::header west_bank "Note--The Israel-PLO Declaration of Principles on Interim Self-Government Arrangements (\"the DOP\"), signed in Washington on 13 September 1993, provides for a transitional period not exceeding five years of Palestinian interim self-government in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank. Under the DOP, final status negotiations are to begin no later than the beginning of the third year of the transitional period." );; line 121564 (wfb::location west_bank "Middle East, west of Jordan" );; line 121574 (wfb::map_references west_bank "Middle East" );; line 121578 (wfb::area west_bank total_area (* 5860 sq_km) );; line 121583 (wfb::area west_bank land_area (* 5640 sq_km) );; line 121585 (wfb::area west_bank comparative_area "slightly larger than Delaware" );; line 121587 (wfb::comment area west_bank "includes West Bank, Latrun Salient, and the northwest quarter of the Dead Sea, but excludes Mt. Scopus; East Jerusalem and Jerusalem No Man's Land are also included only as a means of depicting the entire area occupied by Israel in 1967" );; line 121589 (wfb::borders west_bank total (* 404 km) );; line 121596 (wfb::borders west_bank israel (* 307 km) );; line 121596 (wfb::borders west_bank jordan (* 97 km) );; line 121596 (wfb::comment coastline west_bank "landlocked" );; line 121600 (wfb::coastline west_bank (* 0 km) );; line 121600 (wfb::maritime_claims west_bank "none; landlocked" );; line 121604 (wfb::international_disputes west_bank "West Bank and Gaza Strip are Israeli occupied with interim status subject to Israeli/Palestinian negotiations - final status to be determined" );; line 121608 (wfb::climate west_bank "temperate, temperature and precipitation vary with altitude, warm to hot summers, cool to mild winters" );; line 121613 (wfb::terrain west_bank "mostly rugged dissected upland, some vegetation in west, but barren in east" );; line 121618 (wfb::natural-resource west_bank negligible );; line 121623 (wfb::land_use west_bank arable_land (* 27 %) );; line 121628 (wfb::land_use west_bank permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 121630 (wfb::land_use west_bank meadows_and_pastures (* 32 %) );; line 121632 (wfb::land_use west_bank forest_and_woodland (* 1 %) );; line 121634 (wfb::land_use west_bank other (* 40 %) );; line 121636 (wfb::irrigated_land west_bank (* n/a sq_km) );; line 121640 (wfb::environment west_bank current_issues "NA" );; line 121645 (wfb::environment west_bank natural_hazards "NA" );; line 121647 (wfb::environment west_bank international_agreements "NA" );; line 121649 (wfb::note west_bank "landlocked; highlands are main recharge area for Israel's coastal aquifers; there are 199 Jewish settlements and civilian land use sites in the West Bank and 25 in East Jerusalem (August 1994 est.)" );; line 121653 (wfb::estimation-date population west_bank date_jul_1995 );; line 121661 (wfb::population west_bank 1319991 );; line 121661 (wfb::comment population west_bank "in addition, there are 122,000 Jewish settlers in the West Bank and 149,000 in East Jerusalem (August 1994 est.)" );; line 121663 (wfb::age_structure west_bank 0-14_years (* 46 %) );; line 121669 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex west_bank 0-14_years female 293269 );; line 121669 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex west_bank 0-14_years male 308775 );; line 121669 (wfb::age_structure west_bank 15-64_years (* 51 %) );; line 121671 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex west_bank 15-64_years female 335193 );; line 121671 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex west_bank 15-64_years male 337722 );; line 121671 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure west_bank 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 121673 (wfb::age_structure west_bank 65_years_and_over (* 3 %) );; line 121673 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex west_bank 65_years_and_over female 25759 );; line 121673 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex west_bank 65_years_and_over male 19273 );; line 121673 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate west_bank date_1995 );; line 121677 (wfb::population_growth_rate west_bank (* 3.5 %) );; line 121677 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate west_bank date_1995 );; line 121681 (wfb::birth_rate west_bank (* 39.83 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 121681 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate west_bank date_1995 );; line 121685 (wfb::death_rate west_bank (* 4.84 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 121685 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate west_bank date_1995 );; line 121689 (wfb::net_migration_rate west_bank (* 0 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 121689 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate west_bank date_1995 );; line 121693 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate west_bank (* 29.7 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 121693 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth west_bank total_population (* 71.42 years) );; line 121698 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth west_bank male (* 69.91 years) );; line 121700 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth west_bank female date_1995 );; line 121702 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth west_bank female (* 73 years) );; line 121702 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate west_bank date_1995 );; line 121706 (wfb::total_fertility_rate west_bank (* 5.34 children_born/woman) );; line 121706 (wfb::nationality west_bank noun "NA" );; line 121711 (wfb::nationality west_bank adjective "NA" );; line 121713 (wfb::ethnic-entity west_bank palestinian_arab_and_other (* 83 %) );; line 121717 (wfb::ethnic-entity west_bank jewish-ethnic-entity (* 17 %) );; line 121717 (wfb::comment religion "predominantly Sunni" );; line 121721 (wfb::religion west_bank muslim (* 75 %) );; line 121721 (wfb::religion west_bank jewish (* 17 %) );; line 121721 (wfb::religion west_bank christian_and_other (* 8 %) );; line 121721 (wfb::language west_bank arabic n/a );; line 121726 (wfb::language west_bank hebrew n/a );; line 121726 (wfb::comment language west_bank hebrew "spoken by Israeli settlers" );; line 121726 (wfb::language west_bank english n/a );; line 121726 (wfb::comment language west_bank english "widely understood" );; line 121726 (wfb::literacy-condition west_bank "NA%" );; line 121731 (wfb::total_labor_force west_bank n/a );; line 121735 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force west_bank by_occupation date_1991 );; line 121737 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1991 );; line 121737 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation west_bank construction (* 28.2 %) );; line 121737 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation west_bank agriculture (* 21.8 %) );; line 121737 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation west_bank industry (* 14.5 %) );; line 121737 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation west_bank commerce n/a );; line 121737 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation west_bank restaurants n/a );; line 121737 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation west_bank hotels (* 12.6 %) );; line 121737 (wfb::comment labor_force west_bank "excluding Jewish settlers" );; line 121740 (wfb::note west_bank "Under the Israeli-PLO Declaration of Principles on Interim Self-Government Arragements (\"the DOP\"), Israel agreed to transfer certain powers and responsibilities to the Palestinian Authority, and subsequently to an elected Palestinian Council, as part of interim self-governing arrangements in the West Bank and Gaza Strip. A transfer of powers and responsibilities for the Gaza Strip and Jericho has taken place pursuant to the Israel-PLO 4 May 1994 Cairo Agreement on the Gaza Strip and the Jericho Area. A transfer of powers and responsibilities in certain spheres for the rest of the West Bank has taken place pursuant to the Israel-PLO 29 August 1994 Agreement on Preparatory Transfer of Powers and Responsibilities. The DOP provides that Israel will retain responsibility during the transitional period for external security and for internal security and public order of settlements and Israelis. Final status is to be determined through direct negotiations within five years." );; line 121745 (wfb::names west_bank conventional_short_form "West Bank" );; line 121764 (wfb::digraph west_bank "WE" );; line 121768 (wfb::overview west_bank "Economic progress in the West Bank has been hampered by Israeli military administration and the effects of the Palestinian uprising (intifadah). Industries using advanced technology or requiring sizable investment have been discouraged by a lack of local capital and restrictive Israeli policies. Capital investment consists largely of residential housing, not productive assets that would enable local Palestinian firms to compete with Israeli industry. GDP has been substantially supplemented by remittances of workers employed in Israel and Persian Gulf states. Such transfers from the Gulf dropped after Iraq invaded Kuwait in August 1990. In the wake of the Persian Gulf crisis, many Palestinians have returned to the West Bank, increasing unemployment, and export revenues have dropped because of the decline of markets in Jordan and the Gulf states. Israeli measures to curtail the intifadah also have added to unemployment and lowered living standards. The area's economic situation has worsened since Israel's partial closure of the territories in 1993." );; line 121773 (wfb::estimation-date national_product west_bank date_1994 );; line 121791 (wfb::national_product west_bank (* 4e9 $) );; line 121791 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate west_bank (* n/a %) );; line 121795 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita west_bank date_1994 );; line 121799 (wfb::national_product_per_capita west_bank (* 2800 $) );; line 121799 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| west_bank "6.8% (1993)" );; line 121803 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate west_bank date_1994 );; line 121807 (wfb::unemployment_rate west_bank (* 35 %) );; line 121807 (wfb::budget west_bank revenues (* 43.4e6 $) );; line 121812 (wfb::for-fiscal-year budget west_bank 89 );; line 121814 (wfb::budget west_bank expenditures (* 43.7e6 $) );; line 121814 (wfb::budget west_bank capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 121814 (wfb::exports west_bank (* 217e6 $) );; line 121818 (wfb::exports west_bank commodities olives n/a );; line 121820 (wfb::exports west_bank commodities fruit n/a );; line 121820 (wfb::exports west_bank commodities vegetables n/a );; line 121820 (wfb::exports west_bank partners jordan n/a );; line 121822 (wfb::exports west_bank partners israel n/a );; line 121822 (wfb::imports west_bank (* 867e6 $) );; line 121826 (wfb::imports west_bank commodities food n/a );; line 121828 (wfb::imports west_bank commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 121828 (wfb::imports west_bank commodities construction_materials n/a );; line 121828 (wfb::imports west_bank partners jordan n/a );; line 121830 (wfb::imports west_bank partners israel n/a );; line 121830 (wfb::external_debt west_bank (* n/a $) );; line 121834 (wfb::industrial_production west_bank growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 121838 (wfb::electricity west_bank capacity (* n/a kw) );; line 121843 (wfb::electricity west_bank production (* n/a kwh) );; line 121845 (wfb::electricity west_bank consumption_per_capita (* n/a kwh) );; line 121847 (wfb::comment electricity west_bank "most electricity imported from Israel; East Jerusalem Electric Company buys and distributes electricity to Palestinians in East Jerusalem and its concession in the West Bank; the Israel Electric Company directly supplies electricity to most Jewish residents and military facilities; at the same time, some Palestinian municipalities, such as Nabulus and Janin, generate their own electricity from small power plants" );; line 121849 (wfb::industry west_bank generally_small_family_businesses_that_produce_cement );; line 121858 (wfb::industry west_bank textiles );; line 121858 (wfb::industry west_bank soap );; line 121858 (wfb::industry west_bank olive-wood_carvings );; line 121858 (wfb::industry west_bank mother-of-pearl_souvenirs );; line 121858 (wfb::industry west_bank the_israelis_have_established_some_small-scale_modern_industries_in_the_settlements_and_industrial_centers );; line 121858 (wfb::agriculture west_bank "olives, citrus and other fruits, vegetables, beef, and dairy products" );; line 121865 (wfb::economic_aid west_bank "$NA" );; line 121870 (wfb::abbreviation new_israeli_shekel "NIS" );; line 121874 (wfb::currency west_bank new_israeli_shekel 100 |new agorot; 1 Jordanian dinar (JD) = 1,000 fils| );; line 121874 (wfb::exchange_rates west_bank "new Israeli shekels (NIS) per US$1 - 3.0270 (December 1994), 3.0111 (1994), 2.8301 (1993), 2.4591 (1992), 2.2791 (1991), 2.0162 (1990); Jordanian dinars (JD) per US$1 - 0.6995 (January 1995), 0.6987 (1994), 0.6928 (1993), 0.6797 (1992), 0.6808 (1991), 0.6636 (1990)" );; line 121879 (wfb::fiscal_year west_bank date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 121886 (wfb::railroads west_bank "0 km" );; line 121891 (wfb::comment highways west_bank "small road network; Israelis have developed many highways to service Jewish settlements" );; line 121902 (wfb::airports west_bank total 2 );; line 121912 (wfb::airports west_bank |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 1 );; line 121914 (wfb::airports west_bank with_paved_runways_under_914_m 1 );; line 121916 (wfb::telephone_system west_bank "NA telephones; note - 8% of Palestinian households have telephones (1992 est.)" );; line 121921 (wfb::telephone_system west_bank local "NA" );; line 121924 (wfb::telephone_system west_bank intercity "NA" );; line 121926 (wfb::telephone_system west_bank international "NA" );; line 121928 (wfb::comment telephone_system west_bank "Israeli company BEZEK is responsible for communication services in the West Bank" );; line 121930 (wfb::radio west_bank broadcast_stations am 1 );; line 121936 (wfb::radio west_bank broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 121936 (wfb::radio west_bank broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 121936 (wfb::estimation-date radio west_bank radios date_1992 );; line 121938 (wfb::estimation-date television west_bank televisions date_1992 );; line 121945 (wfb::markup-parameter figure western_sahara "graphno=\"wi.tif\"" );; line 121962 (wfb::location western_sahara "Northern Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Mauritania and Morocco" );; line 121966 (wfb::map_references western_sahara "Africa" );; line 121971 (wfb::area western_sahara total_area (* 266000 sq_km) );; line 121976 (wfb::area western_sahara land_area (* 266000 sq_km) );; line 121978 (wfb::area western_sahara comparative_area "slightly smaller than Colorado" );; line 121980 (wfb::borders western_sahara total (* 2046 km) );; line 121984 (wfb::borders western_sahara algeria (* 42 km) );; line 121984 (wfb::borders western_sahara mauritania (* 1561 km) );; line 121984 (wfb::borders western_sahara morocco (* 443 km) );; line 121984 (wfb::coastline western_sahara (* 1110 km) );; line 121989 (wfb::international_disputes western_sahara "claimed and administered by Morocco, but sovereignty is unresolved and the UN is attempting to hold a referendum on the issue" );; line 121997 (wfb::international_disputes western_sahara "the UN-administered cease-fire has been currently in effect since September 1991" );; line 121997 (wfb::climate western_sahara "hot, dry desert" );; line 122003 (wfb::climate western_sahara "rain is rare" );; line 122003 (wfb::climate western_sahara "cold offshore air currents produce fog and heavy dew" );; line 122003 (wfb::terrain western_sahara "mostly low, flat desert with large areas of rocky or sandy surfaces rising to small mountains in south and northeast" );; line 122008 (wfb::natural-resource western_sahara phosphates );; line 122013 (wfb::natural-resource western_sahara iron_ore );; line 122013 (wfb::land_use western_sahara arable_land (* 0 %) );; line 122018 (wfb::land_use western_sahara permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 122020 (wfb::land_use western_sahara meadows_and_pastures (* 19 %) );; line 122022 (wfb::land_use western_sahara forest_and_woodland (* 0 %) );; line 122024 (wfb::land_use western_sahara other (* 81 %) );; line 122026 (wfb::irrigated_land western_sahara (* n/a sq_km) );; line 122030 (wfb::environment western_sahara current_issues "sparse water and arable land" );; line 122035 (wfb::environment western_sahara natural_hazards "hot, dry, dust/sand-laden sirocco wind can occur during winter and spring" );; line 122037 (wfb::environment western_sahara natural_hazards "widespread harmattan haze exists 60% of time, often severely restricting visibility" );; line 122037 (wfb::environment western_sahara international_agreements "NA" );; line 122041 (wfb::estimation-date population western_sahara date_jul_1995 );; line 122047 (wfb::population western_sahara 217211 );; line 122047 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate western_sahara date_1995 );; line 122060 (wfb::population_growth_rate western_sahara (* 2.48 %) );; line 122060 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate western_sahara date_1995 );; line 122064 (wfb::birth_rate western_sahara (* 46.9 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 122064 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate western_sahara date_1995 );; line 122068 (wfb::death_rate western_sahara (* 18.52 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 122068 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate western_sahara date_1995 );; line 122072 (wfb::net_migration_rate western_sahara (* -3.62 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 122072 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate western_sahara date_1995 );; line 122076 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate western_sahara (* 148.95 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 122076 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth western_sahara total_population (* 46.31 years) );; line 122081 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth western_sahara male (* 45.34 years) );; line 122083 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth western_sahara female date_1995 );; line 122085 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth western_sahara female (* 47.59 years) );; line 122085 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate western_sahara date_1995 );; line 122089 (wfb::total_fertility_rate western_sahara (* 6.91 children_born/woman) );; line 122089 (wfb::nationality western_sahara noun "Sahrawi(s), Sahraoui(s)" );; line 122094 (wfb::nationality western_sahara adjective "Sahrawian, Sahraouian" );; line 122096 (wfb::ethnic-entity western_sahara arab n/a );; line 122100 (wfb::ethnic-entity western_sahara berber n/a );; line 122100 (wfb::religion western_sahara muslim n/a );; line 122104 (wfb::language western_sahara hassaniya_arabic n/a );; line 122108 (wfb::language western_sahara moroccan_arabic n/a );; line 122108 (wfb::literacy-condition western_sahara "NA%" );; line 122112 (wfb::total_labor_force western_sahara 12000 );; line 122116 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation western_sahara animal_husbandry_and_subsistence_farming (* 50 %) );; line 122118 (wfb::names western_sahara conventional_short_form "Western Sahara" );; line 122126 (wfb::digraph western_sahara "WI" );; line 122130 (wfb::type western_sahara "legal status of territory and question of sovereignty unresolved; territory contested by Morocco and Polisario Front (Popular Front for the Liberation of the Saguia el Hamra and Rio de Oro), which in February 1976 formally proclaimed a government in exile of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR); territory partitioned between Morocco and Mauritania in April 1976, with Morocco acquiring northern two-thirds; Mauritania, under pressure from Polisario guerrillas, abandoned all claims to its portion in August 1979; Morocco moved to occupy that sector shortly thereafter and has since asserted administrative control; the Polisario's government in exile was seated as an OAU member in 1984; guerrilla activities continued sporadically, until a UN-monitored cease-fire was implemented 6 September 1991" );; line 122134 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us western_sahara "none" );; line 122164 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation western_sahara "none" );; line 122168 (wfb::overview western_sahara "Western Sahara, a territory poor in natural resources and having little rainfall, depends on pastoral nomadism, fishing, and phosphate mining as the principal sources of income for the population. Most of the food for the urban population must be imported. All trade and other economic activities are controlled by the Moroccan Government. Incomes and standards of living are substantially below the Moroccan level." );; line 122173 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate western_sahara (* n/a %) );; line 122186 (wfb::national_product_per_capita western_sahara (* n/a $) );; line 122190 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| western_sahara "NA%" );; line 122194 (wfb::unemployment_rate western_sahara (* n/a %) );; line 122198 (wfb::budget western_sahara revenues (* n/a $) );; line 122203 (wfb::budget western_sahara expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 122205 (wfb::budget western_sahara capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 122205 (wfb::exports western_sahara (* 8e6 $) );; line 122209 (wfb::imports western_sahara (* 30e6 $) );; line 122218 (wfb::imports western_sahara commodities fuel_for_fishing_fleet n/a );; line 122220 (wfb::imports western_sahara commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 122220 (wfb::external_debt western_sahara (* n/a $) );; line 122227 (wfb::industrial_production western_sahara growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 122231 (wfb::electricity western_sahara capacity (* 60000 kw) );; line 122236 (wfb::electricity western_sahara production (* 79e6 kwh) );; line 122238 (wfb::measurement-date electricity western_sahara consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 122240 (wfb::electricity western_sahara consumption_per_capita (* 339 kwh) );; line 122240 (wfb::industry western_sahara phosphate_mining );; line 122244 (wfb::industry western_sahara handicrafts );; line 122244 (wfb::agriculture western_sahara "limited largely to subsistence agriculture and fishing; some barley is grown in nondrought years; fruit and vegetables are grown in the few oases; food imports are essential; camels, sheep, and goats are kept by the nomadic natives; cash economy exists largely for the garrison forces" );; line 122248 (wfb::economic_aid western_sahara "$NA" );; line 122255 (wfb::abbreviation moroccan_dirham "DH" );; line 122259 (wfb::currency western_sahara moroccan_dirham 100 centimes );; line 122259 (wfb::exchange_rates western_sahara "Moroccan dirhams (DH) per US$1 - 8.892 (January 1995), 9.203 (1994), 9.299 (1993), 8.538 (1992), 8.707 (1991), 8.242 (1990)" );; line 122263 (wfb::railroads western_sahara "0 km" );; line 122273 (wfb::highways western_sahara total (* 6200 km) );; line 122278 (wfb::highways western_sahara gravel (* 1450 km) );; line 122280 (wfb::highways western_sahara (union improved unimproved_earth tracks ) (* 4750 km) );; line 122280 (wfb::port western_sahara ad_dakhla-western_sahara );; line 122284 (wfb::port western_sahara cabo_bojador-western_sahara );; line 122284 (wfb::port western_sahara el_aaiun-western_sahara );; line 122284 (wfb::airports western_sahara total 14 );; line 122289 (wfb::airports western_sahara |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 3 );; line 122291 (wfb::airports western_sahara with_paved_runways_under_914_m 3 );; line 122293 (wfb::airports western_sahara |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 1 );; line 122295 (wfb::airports western_sahara |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 7 );; line 122297 (wfb::telephone_system western_sahara "2,000 telephones; sparse and limited system" );; line 122302 (wfb::telephone_system western_sahara local "NA" );; line 122304 (wfb::telephone_system western_sahara intercity "NA" );; line 122306 (wfb::telephone_system western_sahara international "tied into Morocco's system by microwave radio relay, troposcatter, and 2 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth stations linked to Rabat, Morocco" );; line 122308 (wfb::radio western_sahara broadcast_stations am 2 );; line 122314 (wfb::radio western_sahara broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 122314 (wfb::radio western_sahara broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 122314 (wfb::radio western_sahara radios n/a );; line 122316 (wfb::television western_sahara broadcast_stations 2 );; line 122321 (wfb::television western_sahara televisions n/a );; line 122323 (wfb::markup-parameter figure western_samoa "graphno=\"ws.tif\"" );; line 122339 (wfb::location western_samoa "Oceania, group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand" );; line 122343 (wfb::map_references western_samoa "Oceania" );; line 122348 (wfb::area western_samoa total_area (* 2860 sq_km) );; line 122353 (wfb::area western_samoa land_area (* 2850 sq_km) );; line 122355 (wfb::area western_samoa comparative_area "slightly smaller than Rhode Island" );; line 122357 (wfb::coastline western_samoa (* 403 km) );; line 122365 (wfb::maritime_claims western_samoa exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 122370 (wfb::maritime_claims western_samoa territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 122372 (wfb::international_disputes western_samoa "none" );; line 122376 (wfb::climate western_samoa "tropical" );; line 122380 (wfb::climate western_samoa "rainy season (October to March), dry season (May to October)" );; line 122380 (wfb::terrain western_samoa "narrow coastal plain with volcanic, rocky, rugged mountains in interior" );; line 122385 (wfb::natural-resource western_samoa hardwood_forests );; line 122390 (wfb::natural-resource western_samoa fish );; line 122390 (wfb::land_use western_samoa arable_land (* 19 %) );; line 122395 (wfb::land_use western_samoa permanent_crops (* 24 %) );; line 122397 (wfb::land_use western_samoa meadows_and_pastures (* 0 %) );; line 122399 (wfb::land_use western_samoa forest_and_woodland (* 47 %) );; line 122401 (wfb::land_use western_samoa other (* 10 %) );; line 122403 (wfb::irrigated_land western_samoa (* n/a sq_km) );; line 122407 (wfb::environment western_samoa current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 122412 (wfb::environment western_samoa natural_hazards "occasional typhoons" );; line 122414 (wfb::environment western_samoa natural_hazards "active volcanism" );; line 122414 (wfb::environment western_samoa international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection" );; line 122416 (wfb::environment western_samoa international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Law of the Sea" );; line 122416 (wfb::estimation-date population western_samoa date_jul_1995 );; line 122423 (wfb::population western_samoa 209360 );; line 122423 (wfb::age_structure western_samoa 0-14_years (* 40 %) );; line 122428 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex western_samoa 0-14_years female 41503 );; line 122428 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex western_samoa 0-14_years male 42844 );; line 122428 (wfb::age_structure western_samoa 15-64_years (* 56 %) );; line 122430 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex western_samoa 15-64_years female 55683 );; line 122430 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex western_samoa 15-64_years male 61065 );; line 122430 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure western_samoa 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 122432 (wfb::age_structure western_samoa 65_years_and_over (* 4 %) );; line 122432 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex western_samoa 65_years_and_over female 4323 );; line 122432 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex western_samoa 65_years_and_over male 3942 );; line 122432 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate western_samoa date_1995 );; line 122436 (wfb::population_growth_rate western_samoa (* 2.37 %) );; line 122436 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate western_samoa date_1995 );; line 122440 (wfb::birth_rate western_samoa (* 31.74 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 122440 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate western_samoa date_1995 );; line 122444 (wfb::death_rate western_samoa (* 5.88 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 122444 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate western_samoa date_1995 );; line 122448 (wfb::net_migration_rate western_samoa (* -2.14 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 122448 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate western_samoa date_1995 );; line 122452 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate western_samoa (* 35.5 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 122452 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth western_samoa total_population (* 68.38 years) );; line 122457 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth western_samoa male (* 65.99 years) );; line 122459 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth western_samoa female date_1995 );; line 122461 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth western_samoa female (* 70.88 years) );; line 122461 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate western_samoa date_1995 );; line 122465 (wfb::total_fertility_rate western_samoa (* 4.04 children_born/woman) );; line 122465 (wfb::nationality western_samoa noun "Western Samoan(s)" );; line 122470 (wfb::nationality western_samoa adjective "Western Samoan" );; line 122472 (wfb::ethnic-entity western_samoa samoan-ethnic-entity (* 92.6 %) );; line 122476 (wfb::comment ethnic-entity "persons of European and Polynesian blood" );; line 122476 (wfb::ethnic-entity western_samoa euronesians (* 7 %) );; line 122476 (wfb::ethnic-entity western_samoa europeans (* 0.4 %) );; line 122476 (wfb::comment religions western_samoa "about one-half of population associated with the London Missionary Society; includes Congregational, Roman Catholic, Methodist, Latter Day Saints, Seventh-Day Adventist" );; line 122481 (wfb::religion western_samoa christian (* 99.7 %) );; line 122481 (wfb::language western_samoa samoan n/a );; line 122487 (wfb::comment language western_samoa samoan "Polynesian" );; line 122487 (wfb::language western_samoa english n/a );; line 122487 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition western_samoa date_1971 );; line 122491 (wfb::literacy-condition western_samoa "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 122491 (wfb::literacy western_samoa total_population (* 97 %) );; line 122493 (wfb::literacy western_samoa male (* 97 %) );; line 122495 (wfb::literacy western_samoa female (* 97 %) );; line 122497 (wfb::total_labor_force western_samoa n/a );; line 122501 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation western_samoa agriculture (* 60 %) );; line 122503 (wfb::names western_samoa conventional_long_form "Independent State of Western Samoa" );; line 122509 (wfb::names western_samoa conventional_short_form "Western Samoa" );; line 122511 (wfb::digraph western_samoa "WS" );; line 122515 (wfb::type western_samoa "constitutional monarchy under native chief" );; line 122519 (wfb::capital western_samoa apia-western_samoa );; line 122523 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_western_samoa_districts "districts" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 122527 (wfb::administrative_divisions western_samoa adm_div_western_samoa_districts 11 );; line 122527 (wfb::administrative_division_of western_samoa adm_div_western_samoa_districts "A'ana" );; line 122527 (wfb::administrative_division_of western_samoa adm_div_western_samoa_districts "Aiga-i-le-Tai" );; line 122527 (wfb::administrative_division_of western_samoa adm_div_western_samoa_districts "Atua" );; line 122527 (wfb::administrative_division_of western_samoa adm_div_western_samoa_districts "Fa'asaleleaga" );; line 122527 (wfb::administrative_division_of western_samoa adm_div_western_samoa_districts "Gaga'emauga" );; line 122527 (wfb::administrative_division_of western_samoa adm_div_western_samoa_districts "Gagaifomauga" );; line 122527 (wfb::administrative_division_of western_samoa adm_div_western_samoa_districts "Palauli" );; line 122527 (wfb::administrative_division_of western_samoa adm_div_western_samoa_districts "Satupa'itea" );; line 122527 (wfb::administrative_division_of western_samoa adm_div_western_samoa_districts "Tuamasaga" );; line 122527 (wfb::administrative_division_of western_samoa adm_div_western_samoa_districts "Va'a-o-Fonoti" );; line 122527 (wfb::administrative_division_of western_samoa adm_div_western_samoa_districts "Vaisigano" );; line 122527 (wfb::independence western_samoa date_1_jan_1962 "UN trusteeship administered by New Zealand" );; line 122533 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1962 );; line 122537 (wfb::comment national_holiday western_samoa "1962" );; line 122537 (wfb::national_holiday western_samoa "National Day" date_1_jun );; line 122537 (wfb::constitution western_samoa "1 January 1962" );; line 122541 (wfb::legal_system western_samoa "based on English common law and local customs; judicial review of legislative acts with respect to fundamental rights of the citizen; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 122545 (wfb::comment suffrage western_samoa " universal" );; line 122551 (wfb::suffrage western_samoa (* 21 years_of_age) );; line 122551 (wfb::executive_branch western_samoa chief_of_state "Chief Susuga Malietoa TANUMAFILI II (Co-Chief of State from 1 January 1962 until becoming sole Chief of State on 5 April 1963)" n/a );; line 122556 (wfb::executive_branch western_samoa head_of_government "Prime Minister TOFILAU Eti Alesana " date_7_apr_1988 );; line 122559 (wfb::comment executive_branch western_samoa cabinet "appointed by the head of state with the prime minister's advice" );; line 122561 (wfb::executive_branch western_samoa cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 122561 (wfb::legislative_structure western_samoa unicameral n/a );; line 122566 (wfb::legislative_branch western_samoa "Legislative Assembly (Fono)" "elections last held 5 April 1991 (next to be held by NA 1996); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (47 total) HRPP 28, SNDP 18, independents 1" );; line 122568 (wfb::comment legislative_branch western_samoa "only matai (head of family) are able to run for the Legislative Assembly" );; line 122572 (wfb::judicial_branch western_samoa "Supreme Court, Court of Appeal" );; line 122577 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders western_samoa "Human Rights Protection Party (HRPP), TOFILAU Eti Alesana, chairman; Samoan National Development Party (SNDP), TAPUA Tamasese Efi, chairman" );; line 122581 (wfb::member_of western_samoa acp );; line 122586 (wfb::member_of western_samoa asdb );; line 122586 (wfb::member_of western_samoa c );; line 122586 (wfb::member_of western_samoa escap );; line 122586 (wfb::member_of western_samoa fao );; line 122586 (wfb::member_of western_samoa g-77 );; line 122586 (wfb::member_of western_samoa ibrd );; line 122586 (wfb::member_of western_samoa icftu );; line 122586 (wfb::member_of western_samoa icrm );; line 122586 (wfb::member_of western_samoa ida );; line 122586 (wfb::member_of western_samoa ifad );; line 122586 (wfb::member_of western_samoa ifc );; line 122586 (wfb::member_of western_samoa ifrcs );; line 122586 (wfb::member_of western_samoa imf );; line 122586 (wfb::member_of western_samoa intelsat );; line 122586 (wfb::comment member_of western_samoa intelsat "nonsignatory user" );; line 122586 (wfb::member_of western_samoa ioc );; line 122586 (wfb::member_of western_samoa itu );; line 122586 (wfb::member_of western_samoa sparteca );; line 122586 (wfb::member_of western_samoa spc );; line 122586 (wfb::member_of western_samoa spf );; line 122586 (wfb::member_of western_samoa un );; line 122586 (wfb::member_of western_samoa unctad );; line 122586 (wfb::member_of western_samoa unesco );; line 122586 (wfb::member_of western_samoa upu );; line 122586 (wfb::member_of western_samoa who );; line 122586 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us western_samoa chief_of_mission "Ambassador Tuiloma Neroni SLADE" );; line 122593 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us western_samoa chancery "820 Second Avenue, Suite 800, New York, NY 10017" );; line 122595 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us western_samoa telephone "[1] (212) 599-6196, 6197" );; line 122597 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us western_samoa fax "[1] (212) 599-0797" );; line 122599 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation western_samoa chief_of_mission "the ambassador to New Zealand is accredited to Western Samoa" );; line 122604 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation western_samoa embassy "5th floor, Beach Road, Apia" );; line 122606 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation western_samoa mailing_address "P.O. Box 3430, Apia" );; line 122608 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation western_samoa telephone "[685] 21631" );; line 122610 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation western_samoa fax "[685] 22030" );; line 122612 (wfb::flag western_samoa "red with a blue rectangle in the upper hoist-side quadrant bearing five white five-pointed stars representing the Southern Cross constellation" );; line 122616 (wfb::overview western_samoa "Agriculture employs more than half of the labor force, contributes 50% to GDP, and furnishes 90% of exports. The bulk of export earnings comes from the sale of coconut oil and copra. The economy depends on emigrant remittances and foreign aid to support a level of imports much greater than export earnings. Tourism has become the most important growth industry. The economy continued to falter in 1994, as remittances and tourist earnings remained low. Production of taro, the primary food export crop, has dropped 97% since a fungal disease struck the crop in 1993. The rapid growth in 1994 of the giant African snail population in Western Samoa is also threatening the country's basic food crops, such as bananas and coconuts." );; line 122622 (wfb::estimation-date national_product western_samoa date_1992 );; line 122635 (wfb::national_product western_samoa (* 400e6 $) );; line 122635 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate western_samoa date_1992 );; line 122639 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate western_samoa (* -4.3 %) );; line 122639 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita western_samoa date_1992 );; line 122643 (wfb::national_product_per_capita western_samoa (* 2000 $) );; line 122643 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| western_samoa "14% (1994 est.)" );; line 122647 (wfb::unemployment_rate western_samoa (* n/a %) );; line 122651 (wfb::budget western_samoa revenues (* 95.3e6 $) );; line 122656 (wfb::estimation-date budget western_samoa date_1994 );; line 122658 (wfb::budget western_samoa expenditures (* 76.7e6 $) );; line 122658 (wfb::budget western_samoa capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 122658 (wfb::exports western_samoa (* 6.4e6 $) );; line 122662 (wfb::exports western_samoa commodities coconut_oil_and_cream n/a );; line 122664 (wfb::exports western_samoa commodities taro n/a );; line 122664 (wfb::exports western_samoa commodities copra n/a );; line 122664 (wfb::exports western_samoa commodities cocoa n/a );; line 122664 (wfb::exports western_samoa partners new_zealand (* 34 %) );; line 122666 (wfb::exports western_samoa partners american_samoa (* 21 %) );; line 122666 (wfb::exports western_samoa partners germany (* 18 %) );; line 122666 (wfb::exports western_samoa partners australia (* 11 %) );; line 122666 (wfb::imports western_samoa (* 11.5e6 $) );; line 122670 (wfb::imports western_samoa commodities intermediate_goods (* 58 %) );; line 122672 (wfb::imports western_samoa commodities food (* 17 %) );; line 122672 (wfb::imports western_samoa commodities capital_goods (* 12 %) );; line 122672 (wfb::imports western_samoa partners new_zealand (* 37 %) );; line 122674 (wfb::imports western_samoa partners australia (* 25 %) );; line 122674 (wfb::imports western_samoa partners japan (* 11 %) );; line 122674 (wfb::imports western_samoa partners fiji (* 9 %) );; line 122674 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt western_samoa date_jun_1993 );; line 122678 (wfb::external_debt western_samoa (* 141e6 $) );; line 122678 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1992 );; line 122682 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production western_samoa date_1992 );; line 122682 (wfb::industrial_production western_samoa growth_rate (* -0.3 %) );; line 122682 (wfb::industrial_production western_samoa accounts_for (* 16 %_of_gdp) );; line 122682 (wfb::electricity western_samoa capacity (* 29000 kw) );; line 122687 (wfb::electricity western_samoa production (* 50e6 kwh) );; line 122689 (wfb::measurement-date electricity western_samoa consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 122691 (wfb::electricity western_samoa consumption_per_capita (* 200 kwh) );; line 122691 (wfb::industry western_samoa timber-industry );; line 122695 (wfb::industry western_samoa tourism );; line 122695 (wfb::industry western_samoa food_processing );; line 122695 (wfb::industry western_samoa fishing-industry );; line 122695 (wfb::agriculture western_samoa "accounts for about 50% of GDP; coconuts, fruit (including bananas, taro, yams)" );; line 122699 (wfb::economic_aid western_samoa recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $18 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $306 million; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $4 million" );; line 122705 (wfb::abbreviation tala "WS$" );; line 122711 (wfb::currency western_samoa tala 100 sene );; line 122711 (wfb::exchange_rates western_samoa "tala (WS$) per US$1 - 2.4600 (January 1995), 2.5349 (1994), 2.5681 (1993), 2.4655 (1992), 2.3975 (1991), 2.3095 (1990)" );; line 122715 (wfb::fiscal_year western_samoa date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 122720 (wfb::railroads western_samoa "0 km" );; line 122725 (wfb::highways western_samoa total (* 2042 km) );; line 122730 (wfb::highways western_samoa paved (* 375 km) );; line 122732 (wfb::highways western_samoa (union gravel crushed_stone earth ) (* 1667 km) );; line 122734 (wfb::port western_samoa apia-western_samoa );; line 122738 (wfb::port western_samoa asau-western_samoa );; line 122738 (wfb::port western_samoa mulifanua-western_samoa );; line 122738 (wfb::port western_samoa salelologa-western_samoa );; line 122738 (wfb::merchant_marine western_samoa total "1 roll-on/roll-off cargo ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 3,838 GRT/5,536 DWT" );; line 122743 (wfb::airports western_samoa total 3 );; line 122749 (wfb::airports western_samoa |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 1 );; line 122751 (wfb::airports western_samoa with_paved_runways_under_914_m 2 );; line 122753 (wfb::telephone_system western_samoa "7,500 telephones" );; line 122758 (wfb::telephone_system western_samoa local "NA" );; line 122760 (wfb::telephone_system western_samoa intercity "NA" );; line 122762 (wfb::telephone_system western_samoa international "1 INTELSAT (Pacific Ocean) earth station" );; line 122764 (wfb::radio western_samoa broadcast_stations am 1 );; line 122769 (wfb::radio western_samoa broadcast_stations fm 0 );; line 122769 (wfb::radio western_samoa broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 122769 (wfb::radio western_samoa radios 70000 );; line 122771 (wfb::television western_samoa broadcast_stations 0 );; line 122776 (wfb::television western_samoa televisions n/a );; line 122778 (wfb::defense_branch western_samoa no_regular_armed_services_western_samoa );; line 122784 (wfb::defense_branch western_samoa western_samoa_police_force_western_samoa );; line 122784 (wfb::markup-parameter figure world "graphno=\"xx.tif\"" );; line 122794 (wfb::map_references world "World, Time Zones" );; line 122798 (wfb::area world total_area (* 510.072e6 sq_km) );; line 122803 (wfb::area world land_area (* 148.94e6 sq_km) );; line 122805 (wfb::area world water_area (* 361.132e6 sq_km) );; line 122807 (wfb::area world comparative_area "land area about 16 times the size of the US" );; line 122809 (wfb::comment area world "70.8% of the world is water, 29.2% is land" );; line 122811 (wfb::comment land_boundaries world "not counting shared boundaries twice" );; line 122815 (wfb::borders world the_land_boundaries_in_the_world_total (* 250883.64 km) );; line 122815 (wfb::coastline world (* 356000 km) );; line 122820 (wfb::comment maritime_claims world "boundary situations with neighboring states prevent many countries from extending their fishing or economic zones to a full 200 nm; 43 nations and other areas that are landlocked include Afghanistan, Andorra, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Burkina, Burundi, Central African Republic, Chad, Czech Republic, Ethiopia, Holy See (Vatican City), Hungary, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lesotho, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malawi, Mali, Moldova, Mongolia, Nepal, Niger, Paraguay, Rwanda, San Marino, Slovakia, Swaziland, Switzerland, Tajikistan, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Uzbekistan, West Bank, Zambia, Zimbabwe" );; line 122836 (wfb::climate world "two large areas of polar climates separated by two rather narrow temperate zones from a wide equatorial band of tropical to subtropical climates" );; line 122849 (wfb::terrain world "highest elevation is Mt. Everest at 8,848 meters and lowest depression is the Dead Sea at 392 meters below sea level" );; line 122854 (wfb::terrain world "greatest ocean depth is the Marianas Trench at 10,924 meters" );; line 122854 (wfb::natural-resource world the_rapid_using_up_of_nonrenewable_mineral_resources );; line 122860 (wfb::natural-resource world the_depletion_of_forest_areas_and_wetlands );; line 122860 (wfb::natural-resource world the_extinction_of_animal_and_plant_species );; line 122860 (wfb::natural-resource world |the deterioration in air and water quality (especially in Eastern Europe and the former USSR) pose serious long-term problems that governments and peoples are only beginning to address| );; line 122860 (wfb::land_use world arable_land (* 10 %) );; line 122869 (wfb::land_use world permanent_crops (* 1 %) );; line 122871 (wfb::land_use world meadows_and_pastures (* 24 %) );; line 122873 (wfb::land_use world forest_and_woodland (* 31 %) );; line 122875 (wfb::land_use world other (* 34 %) );; line 122877 (wfb::irrigated_land world (* n/a sq_km) );; line 122881 (wfb::environment world current_issues "large areas subject to overpopulation, industrial disasters, pollution (air, water, acid rain, toxic substances), loss of vegetation (overgrazing, deforestation, desertification), loss of wildlife, soil degradation, soil depletion, erosion" );; line 122886 (wfb::environment world natural_hazards "large areas subject to severe weather (tropical cyclones), natural disasters (earthquakes, landslides, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions)" );; line 122891 (wfb::environment world international_agreements "23 selected international environmental agreements included under the Environment entry for each country and in Appendix E: Selected International Environmental Agreements" );; line 122894 (wfb::estimation-date population world date_jul_1995 );; line 122902 (wfb::population world 5733687096 );; line 122902 (wfb::age_structure world 0-14_years (* 31.6 %) );; line 122907 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex world 0-14_years female 882809689 );; line 122907 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex world 0-14_years male 928121801 );; line 122907 (wfb::age_structure world 15-64_years (* 62 %) );; line 122909 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex world 15-64_years female 1752393539 );; line 122909 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex world 15-64_years male 1802004124 );; line 122909 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure world 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 122911 (wfb::age_structure world 65_years_and_over (* 6.4 %) );; line 122911 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex world 65_years_and_over female 209437234 );; line 122911 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex world 65_years_and_over male 158246581 );; line 122911 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate world date_1995 );; line 122915 (wfb::population_growth_rate world (* 1.5 %) );; line 122915 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate world date_1995 );; line 122919 (wfb::birth_rate world (* 24 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 122919 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate world date_1995 );; line 122923 (wfb::death_rate world (* 9 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 122923 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate world date_1995 );; line 122927 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate world (* 64 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 122927 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth world total_population (* 62 years) );; line 122932 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth world male (* 61 years) );; line 122934 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth world female date_1995 );; line 122936 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth world female (* 64 years) );; line 122936 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate world date_1995 );; line 122940 (wfb::total_fertility_rate world (* 3.1 children_born/woman) );; line 122940 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force world date_1992 );; line 122944 (wfb::total_labor_force world 2.24e9 );; line 122944 (wfb::digraph world "XX" );; line 122951 (wfb::legal_system world "varies by individual country; 186 (note including Yugoslavia) are parties to the United Nations International Court of Justice (ICJ or World Court)" );; line 122959 (wfb::overview world "Led by recovery in Western Europe and strong performances by the US, Canada, and key Third World countries, real global output - gross world product (GWP) - rose 3% in 1994 compared with 2% in 1993. Results varied widely among regions and countries. Average growth of 3% in the GDP of industrialized countries (60% of GWP in 1994) and average growth of 6% in the GDP of less developed countries (34% of GWP) were partly offset by a further 11% drop in the GDP of the former USSR/Eastern Europe area (now only 6% of GWP). With the notable exception of Japan at 2.9%, unemployment was typically 5%-12% in the industrial world. The US accounted for 22% of GWP in 1994; Western Europe accounted for another 22%; and Japan accounted for 8%. These are the three \"economic superpowers\" which are presumably destined to compete for mastery in international markets on into the 21st century. As for the less developed countries, China, India, and the Four Dragons - South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Singapore - once again posted records of 5% growth or better; however, many other countries, especially in Africa, continued to suffer from drought, rapid population growth, inflation, and civil strife. Central Europe made considerable progress in moving toward \"market-friendly\" economies, whereas the 15 ex-Soviet countries (with the notable exceptions of the three Baltic states) typically experienced further declines in output, sometimes as high as 30%. Externally, the nation-state, as a bedrock economic-political institution, is steadily losing control over international flows of people, goods, funds, and technology. Internally, the central government in a number of cases is losing control over resources as separatist regional movements - typically based on ethnicity - gain momentum, e.g., in the successor states of the former Soviet Union, in the former Yugoslavia, and in India. In Western Europe, governments face the difficult political problem of channeling resources away from welfare programs in order to increase investment and strengthen incentives to seek employment. The addition of nearly 100 million people each year to an already overcrowded globe is exacerbating the problems of pollution, desertification, underemployment, epidemics, and famine. Because of their own internal problems, the industrialized countries have inadequate resources to deal effectively with the poorer areas of the world, which, at least from the economic point of view, are becoming further marginalized. (For the specific economic problems of each country, see the individual country entries in this volume.)" );; line 122966 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate world date_1994 );; line 123009 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate world (* 3.2 %) );; line 123009 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita world date_1994 );; line 123013 (wfb::national_product_per_capita world (* 5400 $) );; line 123013 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| world all_countries "25%" );; line 123018 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| world developed_countries "5%" );; line 123020 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| world developing_countries "50% (1994 est.)" );; line 123022 (wfb::comment |Inflation rate (consumer prices)| world "national inflation rates vary widely in individual cases, from stable prices to hyperinflation" );; line 123024 (wfb::exports world (* 4e12 $) );; line 123034 (wfb::imports world (* 4.1e12 $) );; line 123042 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt world date_1993 );; line 123050 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production date_1994 );; line 123054 (wfb::estimation-date industrial_production world date_1994 );; line 123054 (wfb::industrial_production world growth_rate (* 5 %) );; line 123054 (wfb::electricity world capacity (* 2773000000 kw) );; line 123059 (wfb::electricity world production (* 11.601e12 kwh) );; line 123061 (wfb::measurement-date electricity world consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 123063 (wfb::electricity world consumption_per_capita (* 1937 kwh) );; line 123063 (wfb::industry world industry_worldwide_is_dominated_by_the_onrush_of_technology );; line 123067 (wfb::industry world especially_in_computers );; line 123067 (wfb::industry world robotics );; line 123067 (wfb::industry world telecommunications );; line 123067 (wfb::industry world medicines_and_medical_equipment );; line 123067 (wfb::industry world most_of_these_advances_take_place_in_oecd_nations );; line 123067 (wfb::industry world only_a_small_portion_of_non-oecd_countries_have_succeeded_in_rapidly_adjusting_to_these_technological_forces );; line 123067 (wfb::industry world the_technological_gap_between_the_industrial_nations_and_the_less-developed_countries_continues_to_widen );; line 123067 (wfb::industry world |the rapid development of new industrial (and agricultural) technology is complicating already grim environmental problems| );; line 123067 (wfb::agriculture world "the production of major food crops has increased substantially in the last 20 years; the annual production of cereals, for instance, has risen by 50%, from about 1.2 billion metric tons to about 1.8 billion metric tons; production increases have resulted mainly from increased yields rather than increases in planted areas; while global production is sufficient for aggregate demand, about one-fifth of the world's population remains malnourished, primarily because local production cannot adequately provide for large and rapidly growing populations, which are too poor to pay for food imports; conditions are especially bad in Africa where drought in recent years has intensified the consequences of overpopulation" );; line 123078 (wfb::economic_aid world "$NA" );; line 123091 (wfb::railroads world total "1,201,337 km includes about 190,000 to 195,000 km of electrified routes of which 147,760 km are in Europe, 24,509 km in the Far East, 11,050 km in Africa, 4,223 km in South America, and 4,160 km in North America; note - fastest speed in daily service is 300 km/hr attained by France's SNCF TGV-Atlantique line" );; line 123097 (wfb::railroads world broad_gauge "251,153 km" );; line 123103 (wfb::railroads world standard_gauge "710,754 km" );; line 123105 (wfb::railroads world narrow_gauge "239,430 km" );; line 123107 (wfb::merchant_marine world total "25,364 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 435,458,296 GRT/697,171,651 DWT" );; line 123126 (wfb::merchant_marine world ships_by_type "barge carrier 39, bulk 5,202, cargo 8,121, chemical tanker 911, combination bulk 293, combination ore/oil 290, container 1,903, liquefied gas 675, livestock carrier 48, multifunction large-load carrier 53, oil tanker 4,332, passenger 287, passenger-cargo 114, railcar carrier 24, refrigerated cargo 1,023, roll-on/roll-off cargo 1,047, short-sea passenger 465, specialized tanker 77, vehicle carrier 460 (April 1995)" );; line 123129 (wfb::telephone_system world local "NA" );; line 123140 (wfb::telephone_system world intercity "NA" );; line 123142 (wfb::telephone_system world international "NA" );; line 123144 (wfb::radio world radios n/a );; line 123151 (wfb::television world broadcast_stations n/a );; line 123156 (wfb::television world televisions n/a );; line 123158 (wfb::defense_branch world ground_world );; line 123164 (wfb::defense_branch world maritime_world );; line 123164 (wfb::defense_branch world air_forces_at_all_levels_of_technology_world );; line 123164 (wfb::markup-parameter figure yemen "graphno=\"ym.tif\"" );; line 123176 (wfb::location yemen "Middle East, bordering the Arabian Sea, Gulf of Aden, and Red Sea, between Oman and Saudi Arabia" );; line 123180 (wfb::map_references yemen "Middle East" );; line 123185 (wfb::area yemen total_area (* 527970 sq_km) );; line 123190 (wfb::area yemen land_area (* 527970 sq_km) );; line 123192 (wfb::area yemen comparative_area "slightly larger than twice the size of Wyoming" );; line 123194 (wfb::comment area yemen "includes Perim, Socotra, the former Yemen Arab Republic (YAR or North Yemen), and the former People's Democratic Republic of Yemen (PDRY or South Yemen)" );; line 123196 (wfb::borders yemen total (* 1746 km) );; line 123202 (wfb::borders yemen oman (* 288 km) );; line 123202 (wfb::borders yemen saudi_arabia (* 1458 km) );; line 123202 (wfb::coastline yemen (* 1906 km) );; line 123206 (wfb::maritime_claims yemen exclusive_economic_zone (* 200 nm) );; line 123215 (wfb::maritime_claims yemen territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 123217 (wfb::international_disputes yemen "undefined section of boundary with Saudi Arabia" );; line 123221 (wfb::international_disputes yemen "a treaty with Oman defining the Yemeni-Omani boundary was ratified in December 1992" );; line 123221 (wfb::climate yemen "mostly desert" );; line 123226 (wfb::climate yemen "hot and humid along west coast" );; line 123226 (wfb::climate yemen "temperate in western mountains affected by seasonal monsoon" );; line 123226 (wfb::climate yemen "extraordinarily hot, dry, harsh desert in east" );; line 123226 (wfb::terrain yemen "narrow coastal plain backed by flat-topped hills and rugged mountains" );; line 123232 (wfb::terrain yemen "dissected upland desert plains in center slope into the desert interior of the Arabian Peninsula" );; line 123232 (wfb::natural-resource yemen petroleum );; line 123238 (wfb::natural-resource yemen fish );; line 123238 (wfb::natural-resource yemen rock_salt );; line 123238 (wfb::natural-resource yemen marble );; line 123238 (wfb::natural-resource yemen small_deposits_of_coal );; line 123238 (wfb::natural-resource yemen gold );; line 123238 (wfb::natural-resource yemen lead );; line 123238 (wfb::natural-resource yemen nickel );; line 123238 (wfb::natural-resource yemen copper );; line 123238 (wfb::natural-resource yemen fertile_soil_in_west );; line 123238 (wfb::land_use yemen arable_land (* 6 %) );; line 123244 (wfb::land_use yemen permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 123246 (wfb::land_use yemen meadows_and_pastures (* 30 %) );; line 123248 (wfb::land_use yemen forest_and_woodland (* 7 %) );; line 123250 (wfb::land_use yemen other (* 57 %) );; line 123252 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land yemen date_1989 );; line 123256 (wfb::irrigated_land yemen (* 3100 sq_km) );; line 123256 (wfb::environment yemen current_issues "very limited natural fresh water resources" );; line 123261 (wfb::environment yemen current_issues "inadequate supplies of potable water" );; line 123261 (wfb::environment yemen current_issues "overgrazing" );; line 123261 (wfb::environment yemen current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 123261 (wfb::environment yemen current_issues "desertification" );; line 123261 (wfb::environment yemen natural_hazards "sandstorms and dust storms in summer" );; line 123264 (wfb::environment yemen international_agreements "party to - Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban" );; line 123266 (wfb::environment yemen international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Climate Change" );; line 123266 (wfb::note yemen "controls Bab el Mandeb, the strait linking the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden, one of world's most active shipping lanes" );; line 123271 (wfb::estimation-date population yemen date_jul_1995 );; line 123278 (wfb::population yemen 14728474 );; line 123278 (wfb::age_structure yemen 0-14_years (* 50 %) );; line 123283 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex yemen 0-14_years female 3551953 );; line 123283 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex yemen 0-14_years male 3776358 );; line 123283 (wfb::age_structure yemen 15-64_years (* 48 %) );; line 123285 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex yemen 15-64_years female 3505735 );; line 123285 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex yemen 15-64_years male 3508229 );; line 123285 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure yemen 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 123287 (wfb::age_structure yemen 65_years_and_over (* 2 %) );; line 123287 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex yemen 65_years_and_over female 216210 );; line 123287 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex yemen 65_years_and_over male 169989 );; line 123287 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate yemen date_1995 );; line 123291 (wfb::population_growth_rate yemen (* 4.02 %) );; line 123291 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate yemen date_1995 );; line 123295 (wfb::birth_rate yemen (* 44.85 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 123295 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate yemen date_1995 );; line 123299 (wfb::death_rate yemen (* 8.01 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 123299 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate yemen date_1995 );; line 123303 (wfb::net_migration_rate yemen (* 3.39 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 123303 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate yemen date_1995 );; line 123307 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate yemen (* 58.2 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 123307 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth yemen total_population (* 62.51 years) );; line 123312 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth yemen male (* 61.57 years) );; line 123314 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth yemen female date_1995 );; line 123316 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth yemen female (* 63.5 years) );; line 123316 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate yemen date_1995 );; line 123320 (wfb::total_fertility_rate yemen (* 7.15 children_born/woman) );; line 123320 (wfb::nationality yemen noun "Yemeni(s)" );; line 123325 (wfb::nationality yemen adjective "Yemeni" );; line 123327 (wfb::religion yemen |Muslim including Sha'fi (Sunni) and Zaydi| n/a );; line 123337 (wfb::religion yemen small_numbers_of_jewish n/a );; line 123337 (wfb::religion yemen christian n/a );; line 123337 (wfb::religion yemen hindu n/a );; line 123337 (wfb::language yemen arabic n/a );; line 123342 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition yemen date_1990 );; line 123346 (wfb::literacy-condition yemen "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 123346 (wfb::literacy yemen total_population (* 38 %) );; line 123348 (wfb::literacy yemen male (* 53 %) );; line 123350 (wfb::literacy yemen female (* 26 %) );; line 123352 (wfb::names yemen conventional_long_form "Republic of Yemen" );; line 123364 (wfb::names yemen conventional_short_form "Yemen" );; line 123366 (wfb::names yemen local_long_form "Al Jumhuriyah al Yamaniyah" );; line 123368 (wfb::names yemen local_short_form "Al Yaman" );; line 123370 (wfb::digraph yemen "YM" );; line 123374 (wfb::type yemen "republic" );; line 123378 (wfb::capital yemen sanaa-yemen );; line 123382 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_yemen_governorates "governorates" "muhafazat" "muhafazah" );; line 123386 (wfb::administrative_divisions yemen adm_div_yemen_governorates 17 );; line 123386 (wfb::administrative_division_of yemen adm_div_yemen_governorates "Abyan" );; line 123386 (wfb::administrative_division_of yemen adm_div_yemen_governorates "Adan" );; line 123386 (wfb::administrative_division_of yemen adm_div_yemen_governorates "Al Bayda" );; line 123386 (wfb::administrative_division_of yemen adm_div_yemen_governorates "Al Hudaydah" );; line 123386 (wfb::administrative_division_of yemen adm_div_yemen_governorates "Al Jawf" );; line 123386 (wfb::administrative_division_of yemen adm_div_yemen_governorates "Al Mahrah" );; line 123386 (wfb::administrative_division_of yemen adm_div_yemen_governorates "Al Mahwit" );; line 123386 (wfb::administrative_division_of yemen adm_div_yemen_governorates "Dhamar" );; line 123386 (wfb::administrative_division_of yemen adm_div_yemen_governorates "Hadramaut" );; line 123386 (wfb::administrative_division_of yemen adm_div_yemen_governorates "Hajjah" );; line 123386 (wfb::administrative_division_of yemen adm_div_yemen_governorates "Ibb" );; line 123386 (wfb::administrative_division_of yemen adm_div_yemen_governorates "Lahij" );; line 123386 (wfb::administrative_division_of yemen adm_div_yemen_governorates "Marib" );; line 123386 (wfb::administrative_division_of yemen adm_div_yemen_governorates "Sadah" );; line 123386 (wfb::administrative_division_of yemen adm_div_yemen_governorates "Sana" );; line 123386 (wfb::administrative_division_of yemen adm_div_yemen_governorates "Shabwah" );; line 123386 (wfb::administrative_division_of yemen adm_div_yemen_governorates "Taizz" );; line 123386 (wfb::comment administrative_divisions yemen "there may be a new governorate for the capital city of Sanaa" );; line 123390 (wfb::independence yemen date_22_may_1990 "the UK" );; line 123394 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1990 );; line 123403 (wfb::comment national_holiday yemen "1990" );; line 123403 (wfb::national_holiday yemen "Proclamation of the Republic" date_22_may );; line 123403 (wfb::constitution yemen "16 May 1991" );; line 123407 (wfb::legal_system yemen "based on Islamic law, Turkish law, English common law, and local tribal customary law; does not accept compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 123411 (wfb::comment suffrage yemen " universal" );; line 123416 (wfb::suffrage yemen (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 123416 (wfb::comment executive_branch yemen chief_of_state "Vice President Abd al-Rab Mansur al-HADI (since NA October 1994)" );; line 123421 (wfb::comment executive_branch yemen chief_of_state "the former president of North Yemen)" );; line 123421 (wfb::executive_branch yemen chief_of_state "President Ali Abdallah SALIH " date_22_may_1990 );; line 123421 (wfb::executive_branch yemen head_of_government "Prime Minister Abd al-Aziz ABD AL-GHANI " date_oct_1994 );; line 123425 (wfb::executive_branch yemen cabinet "Council of Ministers" );; line 123427 (wfb::legislative_structure yemen unicameral n/a );; line 123431 (wfb::legislative_branch yemen "House of Representatives" "elections last held 27 April 1993 (next to be held NA 1997); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (301 total) GPC 124, Islaah 61, YSP 55, others 13, independents 47, election nullified 1" );; line 123433 (wfb::judicial_branch yemen "Supreme Court" );; line 123439 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders yemen "over 40 political parties are active in Yemen, but only three project significant influence; since the May-July 1994 civil war, President SALIH's General People's Congress (GPC) and Shaykh Abdallah bin Husayn al-AHMAR's Yemeni Grouping for Reform, or Islaah, have joined to form a coalition government; the Yemeni Socialist Party (YSP), headed by Ali Salih UBAYD, has regrouped as a loyal opposition" );; line 123443 (wfb::other_political_or_pressure_groups yemen "NA" );; line 123452 (wfb::member_of yemen acc );; line 123456 (wfb::member_of yemen afesd );; line 123456 (wfb::member_of yemen al );; line 123456 (wfb::member_of yemen amf );; line 123456 (wfb::member_of yemen caeu );; line 123456 (wfb::member_of yemen ccc );; line 123456 (wfb::member_of yemen escwa );; line 123456 (wfb::member_of yemen fao );; line 123456 (wfb::member_of yemen g-77 );; line 123456 (wfb::member_of yemen ibrd );; line 123456 (wfb::member_of yemen icao );; line 123456 (wfb::member_of yemen icrm );; line 123456 (wfb::member_of yemen ida );; line 123456 (wfb::member_of yemen idb );; line 123456 (wfb::member_of yemen ifad );; line 123456 (wfb::member_of yemen ifc );; line 123456 (wfb::member_of yemen ifrcs );; line 123456 (wfb::member_of yemen ilo );; line 123456 (wfb::member_of yemen imf );; line 123456 (wfb::member_of yemen imo );; line 123456 (wfb::member_of yemen intelsat );; line 123456 (wfb::member_of yemen interpol );; line 123456 (wfb::member_of yemen ioc );; line 123456 (wfb::member_of yemen itu );; line 123456 (wfb::member_of yemen nam );; line 123456 (wfb::member_of yemen oic );; line 123456 (wfb::member_of yemen un );; line 123456 (wfb::member_of yemen unctad );; line 123456 (wfb::member_of yemen unesco );; line 123456 (wfb::member_of yemen unido );; line 123456 (wfb::member_of yemen upu );; line 123456 (wfb::member_of yemen wftu );; line 123456 (wfb::member_of yemen who );; line 123456 (wfb::member_of yemen wipo );; line 123456 (wfb::member_of yemen wmo );; line 123456 (wfb::member_of yemen wto );; line 123456 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us yemen chief_of_mission "Ambassador Muhsin Ahmad al-AYNI" );; line 123463 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us yemen chancery "Suite 705, 2600 Virginia Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20037" );; line 123465 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us yemen telephone "[1] (202) 965-4760, 4761" );; line 123467 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us yemen fax "[1] (202) 337-2017" );; line 123469 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation yemen chief_of_mission "Ambassador David NEWTON" );; line 123474 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation yemen embassy "Dhahr Himyar Zone, Sheraton Hotel District, Sanaa" );; line 123476 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation yemen mailing_address "P. O. Box 22347 Sanaa; Sanaa, Department of State, Washington, DC 20521-6330" );; line 123478 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation yemen telephone "[967] (1) 238843 through 238852" );; line 123481 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation yemen fax "[967] (1) 251563" );; line 123483 (wfb::flag yemen "three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and black; similar to the flag of Syria which has two green stars and of Iraq which has three green stars (plus an Arabic inscription) in a horizontal line centered in the white band; also similar to the flag of Egypt which has a symbolic eagle centered in the white band" );; line 123487 (wfb::overview yemen "Whereas the northern city Sanaa is the political capital of a united Yemen, the southern city Aden, with its refinery and port facilities, is the economic and commercial capital. Future economic development depends heavily on Western-assisted development of the country's moderate oil resources. Former South Yemen's willingness to merge stemmed partly from the steady decline in Soviet economic support. The low level of domestic industry and agriculture has made northern Yemen dependent on imports for practically all of its essential needs. Once self-sufficient in food production, northern Yemen has become a major importer. Land once used for export crops - cotton, fruit, and vegetables - has been turned over to growing a shrub called qat, whose leaves are chewed for their stimulant effect by Yemenis and which has no significant export market. Economic growth in former South Yemen has been constrained by a lack of incentives, partly stemming from centralized control over production decisions, investment allocation, and import choices. Yemen's large trade deficits have been compensated for by remittances from Yemenis working abroad and by foreign aid. Since the Gulf crisis, remittances have dropped substantially. Growth in 1994-95 is constrained by low oil prices, rapid inflation, and political deadlock that are causing a lack of economic cooperation and leadership. However, a peace agreement with Saudi Arabia in February 1995 and the expectation of a rise in oil prices brighten Yemen's economic prospects." );; line 123496 (wfb::estimation-date national_product yemen date_1994 );; line 123520 (wfb::national_product yemen (* 23.4e9 $) );; line 123520 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate yemen date_1994 );; line 123524 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate yemen (* -1.4 %) );; line 123524 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita yemen date_1994 );; line 123528 (wfb::national_product_per_capita yemen (* 1955 $) );; line 123528 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| yemen "145% (1994 est.)" );; line 123532 (wfb::measurement-date unemployment_rate yemen date_dec_1994 );; line 123536 (wfb::unemployment_rate yemen (* 30 %) );; line 123536 (wfb::budget yemen revenues (* n/a $) );; line 123541 (wfb::budget yemen expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 123543 (wfb::budget yemen capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 123543 (wfb::exports yemen (* 1.75e9 $) );; line 123547 (wfb::exports yemen commodities crude_oil n/a );; line 123549 (wfb::exports yemen commodities cotton n/a );; line 123549 (wfb::exports yemen commodities coffee n/a );; line 123549 (wfb::exports yemen commodities hides n/a );; line 123549 (wfb::exports yemen commodities vegetables n/a );; line 123549 (wfb::exports yemen commodities dried_and_salted_fish n/a );; line 123549 (wfb::measurement-date exports yemen date_1992 );; line 123552 (wfb::exports yemen partners germany (* 28 %) );; line 123552 (wfb::exports yemen partners japan (* 15 %) );; line 123552 (wfb::exports yemen partners uk (* 9 %) );; line 123552 (wfb::exports yemen partners austria (* 7 %) );; line 123552 (wfb::exports yemen partners china (* 7 %) );; line 123552 (wfb::imports yemen (* 2.65e9 $) );; line 123556 (wfb::imports yemen commodities textiles_and_other_manufactured_consumer_goods n/a );; line 123558 (wfb::imports yemen commodities petroleum_products-commodity n/a );; line 123558 (wfb::imports yemen commodities sugar-commodity n/a );; line 123558 (wfb::imports yemen commodities grain n/a );; line 123558 (wfb::imports yemen commodities flour n/a );; line 123558 (wfb::imports yemen commodities cement-commodity n/a );; line 123558 (wfb::imports yemen commodities machinery n/a );; line 123558 (wfb::imports yemen commodities chemicals-commodity n/a );; line 123558 (wfb::measurement-date imports yemen date_1992 );; line 123561 (wfb::imports yemen partners us (* 16 %) );; line 123561 (wfb::imports yemen partners uk (* 7 %) );; line 123561 (wfb::imports yemen partners japan (* 6 %) );; line 123561 (wfb::imports yemen partners france (* 6 %) );; line 123561 (wfb::imports yemen partners italy (* 6 %) );; line 123561 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt yemen date_1993 );; line 123565 (wfb::external_debt yemen (* 7e9 $) );; line 123565 (wfb::industrial_production yemen growth_rate (* n/a %) );; line 123569 (wfb::industrial_production yemen accounts_for (* 18 %_of_gdp) );; line 123569 (wfb::electricity yemen capacity (* 810000 kw) );; line 123574 (wfb::electricity yemen production (* 1.8e9 kwh) );; line 123576 (wfb::measurement-date electricity yemen consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 123578 (wfb::electricity yemen consumption_per_capita (* 149 kwh) );; line 123578 (wfb::industry yemen crude_oil_production_and_petroleum_refining );; line 123582 (wfb::industry yemen small-scale_production_of_cotton_textiles_and_leather_goods );; line 123582 (wfb::industry yemen food_processing );; line 123582 (wfb::industry yemen handicrafts );; line 123582 (wfb::industry yemen small_aluminum_products_factory );; line 123582 (wfb::industry yemen cement );; line 123582 (wfb::agriculture yemen "accounts for 26% of GDP; products - grain, fruits, vegetables, qat (mildly narcotic shrub), coffee, cotton, dairy, poultry, meat, fish; not self-sufficient in grain" );; line 123588 (wfb::economic_aid yemen recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $389 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $2 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $3.2 billion; Communist countries (1970-89), $2.4 billion" );; line 123595 (wfb::comment currency yemen "1 North Yemeni riyal (YR) = 100 fils; 1 South Yemeni dinar (YD) = 1,000 fils" );; line 123602 (wfb::comment currency yemen "following the establishment of the Republic of Yemen on 22 May 1990, the North Yemeni riyal and the South Yemeni dinar are to be replaced with a new Yemeni rial" );; line 123605 (wfb::exchange_rates yemen "Yemeni rials per US$1 - 12.0 (official); 90 (market rate, December 1994)" );; line 123611 (wfb::fiscal_year yemen date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 123616 (wfb::railroads yemen "0 km" );; line 123621 (wfb::highways yemen total (* 51390 km) );; line 123626 (wfb::highways yemen paved (* 4830 km) );; line 123628 (wfb::estimation-date highways yemen date_1992 );; line 123630 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 644 km) );; line 123634 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 32 km) );; line 123634 (wfb::port yemen aden-yemen );; line 123638 (wfb::port yemen al_hudaydah-yemen );; line 123638 (wfb::port yemen al_mukalla-yemen );; line 123638 (wfb::port yemen mocha-yemen );; line 123638 (wfb::port yemen nishtun-yemen );; line 123638 (wfb::merchant_marine yemen total "3 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 12,059 GRT/18,563 DWT" );; line 123643 (wfb::merchant_marine yemen ships_by_type "cargo 1, oil tanker 2" );; line 123645 (wfb::airports yemen total 46 );; line 123650 (wfb::airports yemen |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 2 );; line 123652 (wfb::airports yemen |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 6 );; line 123654 (wfb::airports yemen |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 1 );; line 123656 (wfb::airports yemen |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 1 );; line 123658 (wfb::airports yemen with_paved_runways_under_914_m 4 );; line 123660 (wfb::airports yemen |with unpaved runways over 3,047 m| 2 );; line 123662 (wfb::airports yemen |with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 8 );; line 123664 (wfb::airports yemen |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 10 );; line 123666 (wfb::airports yemen |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 12 );; line 123668 (wfb::telephone_system yemen "65,000 telephones; since unification in 1990, efforts are still being made to create a national domestic civil telecommunications network" );; line 123673 (wfb::telephone_system yemen local "NA" );; line 123676 (wfb::telephone_system yemen intercity "the network consists of microwave radio relay, cable, and troposcatter" );; line 123678 (wfb::telephone_system yemen international "3 INTELSAT (2 Indian Ocean and 1 Atlantic Ocean), 1 Intersputnik, and 2 ARABSAT earth stations; microwave radio relay to Saudi Arabia and Djibouti" );; line 123681 (wfb::radio yemen broadcast_stations am 4 );; line 123688 (wfb::radio yemen broadcast_stations fm 1 );; line 123688 (wfb::radio yemen broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 123688 (wfb::radio yemen radios n/a );; line 123690 (wfb::television yemen broadcast_stations 10 );; line 123695 (wfb::television yemen televisions n/a );; line 123697 (wfb::defense_branch yemen army_yemen );; line 123703 (wfb::defense_branch yemen navy_yemen );; line 123703 (wfb::defense_branch yemen air_force_yemen );; line 123703 (wfb::comment defense_branch yemen paramilitary_yemen "includes Police" );; line 123703 (wfb::defense_branch yemen paramilitary_yemen );; line 123703 (wfb::manpower_availability yemen "males age 15-49 3,135,649; males fit for military service 1,771,226; males reach military age (14) annually 181,057 (1995 est.)" );; line 123707 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures yemen date_1993 );; line 123712 (wfb::defense_expenditures yemen (* 1.65e9 $) );; line 123712 (wfb::defense_expenditures yemen (* 7.1 %_of_gdp) );; line 123712 (wfb::markup-parameter figure zaire "graphno=\"cg.tif\"" );; line 123719 (wfb::location zaire "Central Africa, northeast of Angola" );; line 123723 (wfb::map_references zaire "Africa" );; line 123727 (wfb::area zaire total_area (* 2345410 sq_km) );; line 123732 (wfb::area zaire land_area (* 2267600 sq_km) );; line 123734 (wfb::area zaire comparative_area "slightly more than one-quarter the size of US" );; line 123736 (wfb::borders zaire total (* 10271 km) );; line 123740 (wfb::borders zaire angola (* 2511 km) );; line 123740 (wfb::borders zaire burundi (* 233 km) );; line 123740 (wfb::borders zaire central_african_republic (* 1577 km) );; line 123740 (wfb::borders zaire congo (* 2410 km) );; line 123740 (wfb::borders zaire rwanda (* 217 km) );; line 123740 (wfb::borders zaire sudan (* 628 km) );; line 123740 (wfb::borders zaire uganda (* 765 km) );; line 123740 (wfb::borders zaire zambia (* 1930 km) );; line 123740 (wfb::coastline zaire (* 37 km) );; line 123746 (wfb::maritime_claims zaire territorial_sea (* 12 nm) );; line 123753 (wfb::international_disputes zaire "Tanzania-Zaire-Zambia tripoint in Lake Tanganyika may no longer be indefinite since it is reported that the indefinite section of the Zaire-Zambia boundary has been settled" );; line 123757 (wfb::international_disputes zaire "long section with Congo along the Congo River is indefinite (no division of the river or its islands has been made)" );; line 123757 (wfb::climate zaire "tropical" );; line 123764 (wfb::climate zaire "hot and humid in equatorial river basin" );; line 123764 (wfb::climate zaire "cooler and drier in southern highlands" );; line 123764 (wfb::climate zaire "cooler and wetter in eastern highlands" );; line 123764 (wfb::climate zaire "north of Equator - wet season April to October, dry season December to February" );; line 123764 (wfb::climate zaire "south of Equator - wet season November to March, dry season April to October" );; line 123764 (wfb::terrain zaire "vast central basin is a low-lying plateau" );; line 123771 (wfb::terrain zaire "mountains in east" );; line 123771 (wfb::natural-resource zaire cobalt );; line 123775 (wfb::natural-resource zaire copper );; line 123775 (wfb::natural-resource zaire cadmium );; line 123775 (wfb::natural-resource zaire petroleum );; line 123775 (wfb::natural-resource zaire industrial_and_gem_diamonds );; line 123775 (wfb::natural-resource zaire gold );; line 123775 (wfb::natural-resource zaire silver );; line 123775 (wfb::natural-resource zaire zinc );; line 123775 (wfb::natural-resource zaire manganese );; line 123775 (wfb::natural-resource zaire tin );; line 123775 (wfb::natural-resource zaire germanium );; line 123775 (wfb::natural-resource zaire uranium );; line 123775 (wfb::natural-resource zaire radium );; line 123775 (wfb::natural-resource zaire bauxite );; line 123775 (wfb::natural-resource zaire iron_ore );; line 123775 (wfb::natural-resource zaire coal );; line 123775 (wfb::natural-resource zaire hydropower_potential );; line 123775 (wfb::land_use zaire arable_land (* 3 %) );; line 123782 (wfb::land_use zaire permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 123784 (wfb::land_use zaire meadows_and_pastures (* 4 %) );; line 123786 (wfb::land_use zaire forest_and_woodland (* 78 %) );; line 123788 (wfb::land_use zaire other (* 15 %) );; line 123790 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land zaire date_1989 );; line 123794 (wfb::irrigated_land zaire (* 100 sq_km) );; line 123794 (wfb::environment zaire current_issues "poaching threatens wildlife populations" );; line 123799 (wfb::environment zaire current_issues "water pollution" );; line 123799 (wfb::environment zaire current_issues "deforestation" );; line 123799 (wfb::environment zaire current_issues "1.2 million Rwandan refugees are responsible for significant deforestation, soil erosion, and wildlife poaching in eastern Zaire" );; line 123799 (wfb::environment zaire natural_hazards "periodic droughts in south" );; line 123803 (wfb::environment zaire natural_hazards "volcanic activity" );; line 123803 (wfb::environment zaire international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Tropical Timber 83" );; line 123805 (wfb::environment zaire international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Desertification, Environmental Modification" );; line 123805 (wfb::note zaire "straddles Equator; very narrow strip of land that controls the lower Congo River and is only outlet to South Atlantic Ocean; dense tropical rain forest in central river basin and eastern highlands" );; line 123812 (wfb::estimation-date population zaire date_jul_1995 );; line 123820 (wfb::population zaire 44060636 );; line 123820 (wfb::age_structure zaire 0-14_years (* 48 %) );; line 123825 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex zaire 0-14_years female 10522368 );; line 123825 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex zaire 0-14_years male 10527451 );; line 123825 (wfb::age_structure zaire 15-64_years (* 50 %) );; line 123827 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex zaire 15-64_years female 11211353 );; line 123827 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex zaire 15-64_years male 10630118 );; line 123827 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure zaire 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 123829 (wfb::age_structure zaire 65_years_and_over (* 2 %) );; line 123829 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex zaire 65_years_and_over female 647307 );; line 123829 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex zaire 65_years_and_over male 522039 );; line 123829 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate zaire date_1995 );; line 123833 (wfb::population_growth_rate zaire (* 3.18 %) );; line 123833 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate zaire date_1995 );; line 123837 (wfb::birth_rate zaire (* 48.33 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 123837 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate zaire date_1995 );; line 123841 (wfb::death_rate zaire (* 16.57 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 123841 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate zaire date_1995 );; line 123845 (wfb::net_migration_rate zaire (* n/a |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 123845 (wfb::comment net_migration_rate zaire "in 1994, more than one million refugees fled into Zaire to escape the fighting between the Hutus and the Tutsis in Rwanda and Burundi; a small number of these are returning to their homes in 1995 despite fear of the ongoing violence; additionally, Zaire is host to 105,000 Angolan, more than 250,000 Burundian and 100,000 Sudanese refugees; repatriation of Angolan refugees was suspended in May 1994 because of the recurrence of fighting in Angola; if present peace accords hold, repatriation of Angolans may recommence" );; line 123847 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate zaire date_1995 );; line 123858 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate zaire (* 108.7 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 123858 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth zaire total_population (* 47.54 years) );; line 123863 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth zaire male (* 45.68 years) );; line 123865 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth zaire female date_1995 );; line 123867 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth zaire female (* 49.46 years) );; line 123867 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate zaire date_1995 );; line 123871 (wfb::total_fertility_rate zaire (* 6.7 children_born/woman) );; line 123871 (wfb::nationality zaire noun "Zairian(s)" );; line 123876 (wfb::nationality zaire adjective "Zairian" );; line 123878 (wfb::religion zaire roman_catholic (* 50 %) );; line 123888 (wfb::religion zaire protestant (* 20 %) );; line 123888 (wfb::religion zaire kimbanguist (* 10 %) );; line 123888 (wfb::religion zaire muslim (* 10 %) );; line 123888 (wfb::language zaire french n/a );; line 123893 (wfb::language zaire lingala n/a );; line 123893 (wfb::language zaire swahili n/a );; line 123893 (wfb::language zaire kingwana n/a );; line 123893 (wfb::language zaire kikongo n/a );; line 123893 (wfb::language zaire tshiluba n/a );; line 123893 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition zaire date_1990 );; line 123897 (wfb::literacy-condition zaire "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 123897 (wfb::literacy zaire total_population (* 72 %) );; line 123899 (wfb::literacy zaire male (* 84 %) );; line 123901 (wfb::literacy zaire female (* 61 %) );; line 123903 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force zaire by_occupation date_1985 );; line 123909 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1985 );; line 123909 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation zaire agriculture (* 75 %) );; line 123909 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation zaire industry (* 13 %) );; line 123909 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation zaire services (* 12 %) );; line 123909 (wfb::names zaire conventional_long_form "Republic of Zaire" );; line 123915 (wfb::names zaire conventional_short_form "Zaire" );; line 123917 (wfb::names zaire local_long_form "Republique du Zaire" );; line 123919 (wfb::names zaire local_short_form "Zaire" );; line 123921 (wfb::names zaire former "Belgian Congo Congo/Leopoldville Congo/Kinshasa" );; line 123923 (wfb::digraph zaire "CG" );; line 123927 (wfb::type zaire "republic with a strong presidential system" );; line 123931 (wfb::capital zaire kinshasa-zaire );; line 123935 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_zaire_regions "regions" "regions" "region" );; line 123939 (wfb::administrative_divisions zaire adm_div_zaire_regions 10 );; line 123939 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_zaire_town "town" "n/a" "ville" );; line 123939 (wfb::administrative_divisions zaire adm_div_zaire_town 1 );; line 123939 (wfb::administrative_division_of zaire adm_div_zaire_regions "Bandundu" );; line 123939 (wfb::administrative_division_of zaire adm_div_zaire_regions "Bas-Zaire" );; line 123939 (wfb::administrative_division_of zaire adm_div_zaire_regions "Equateur" );; line 123939 (wfb::administrative_division_of zaire adm_div_zaire_regions "Haut-Zaire" );; line 123939 (wfb::administrative_division_of zaire adm_div_zaire_regions "Kasai-Occidental" );; line 123939 (wfb::administrative_division_of zaire adm_div_zaire_regions "Kasai-Oriental" );; line 123939 (wfb::administrative_division_of zaire adm_div_zaire_town "Kinshasa" );; line 123939 (wfb::administrative_division_of zaire adm_div_zaire_regions "Maniema" );; line 123939 (wfb::administrative_division_of zaire adm_div_zaire_regions "Nord-Kivu" );; line 123939 (wfb::administrative_division_of zaire adm_div_zaire_regions "Shaba" );; line 123939 (wfb::administrative_division_of zaire adm_div_zaire_regions "Sud-Kivu" );; line 123939 (wfb::independence zaire date_30_jun_1960 "Belgium" );; line 123945 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1965 );; line 123949 (wfb::comment national_holiday zaire "1965" );; line 123949 (wfb::constitution zaire "24 June 1967, amended August 1974, revised 15 February 1978; amended April 1990; new transitional constitution promulgated in April 1994" );; line 123953 (wfb::legal_system zaire "based on Belgian civil law system and tribal law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 123958 (wfb::comment suffrage zaire " universal and compulsory" );; line 123963 (wfb::suffrage zaire (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 123963 (wfb::comment executive_branch zaire chief_of_state "results - President MOBUTU was reelected without opposition" );; line 123968 (wfb::executive_branch zaire head_of_government "Prime Minister Leon KENGO wa Dondo " date_14_jun_1994 );; line 123972 (wfb::comment executive_branch zaire cabinet "appointed by mutual agreement of the president and the prime minister" );; line 123974 (wfb::executive_branch zaire cabinet "National Executive Council" );; line 123974 (wfb::legislative_structure zaire unicameral n/a );; line 123979 (wfb::legislative_branch zaire "parliament" "a single body consisting of the High Council of the Republic and the Parliament of the Transition with membership equally divided between presidential supporters and opponents" );; line 123981 (wfb::judicial_branch zaire "Supreme Court (Cour Supreme)" );; line 123987 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders zaire "sole legal party until January 1991 - Popular Movement of the Revolution (MPR); other parties include Union for Democracy and Social Progress (UDPS), Etienne TSHISEKEDI wa Mulumba; Democratic Social Christian Party (PDSC); Union of Federalists and Independent Republicans (UFERI); Unified Lumumbast Party (PALU), Antoine GIZENGA; Union of Independent Democrats (UDI), Leon KENGO wa Dondo" );; line 123991 (wfb::member_of zaire acct );; line 124000 (wfb::member_of zaire acp );; line 124000 (wfb::member_of zaire afdb );; line 124000 (wfb::member_of zaire ccc );; line 124000 (wfb::member_of zaire ceeac );; line 124000 (wfb::member_of zaire cepgl );; line 124000 (wfb::member_of zaire eca );; line 124000 (wfb::member_of zaire fao );; line 124000 (wfb::member_of zaire g-19 );; line 124000 (wfb::member_of zaire g-24 );; line 124000 (wfb::member_of zaire g-77 );; line 124000 (wfb::member_of zaire gatt );; line 124000 (wfb::member_of zaire iaea );; line 124000 (wfb::member_of zaire ibrd );; line 124000 (wfb::member_of zaire icao );; line 124000 (wfb::member_of zaire icc );; line 124000 (wfb::member_of zaire icrm );; line 124000 (wfb::member_of zaire ida );; line 124000 (wfb::member_of zaire ifad );; line 124000 (wfb::member_of zaire ifc );; line 124000 (wfb::member_of zaire ifrcs );; line 124000 (wfb::member_of zaire ilo );; line 124000 (wfb::member_of zaire imf );; line 124000 (wfb::member_of zaire imo );; line 124000 (wfb::member_of zaire intelsat );; line 124000 (wfb::member_of zaire interpol );; line 124000 (wfb::member_of zaire ioc );; line 124000 (wfb::member_of zaire itu );; line 124000 (wfb::member_of zaire nam );; line 124000 (wfb::member_of zaire oau );; line 124000 (wfb::member_of zaire pca );; line 124000 (wfb::member_of zaire un );; line 124000 (wfb::member_of zaire unctad );; line 124000 (wfb::member_of zaire unesco );; line 124000 (wfb::member_of zaire unhcr );; line 124000 (wfb::member_of zaire unido );; line 124000 (wfb::member_of zaire upu );; line 124000 (wfb::member_of zaire wcl );; line 124000 (wfb::member_of zaire wftu );; line 124000 (wfb::member_of zaire who );; line 124000 (wfb::member_of zaire wipo );; line 124000 (wfb::member_of zaire wmo );; line 124000 (wfb::member_of zaire wto );; line 124000 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us zaire chief_of_mission "Ambassador TATANENE Manata" );; line 124008 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us zaire chancery "1800 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20009" );; line 124010 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us zaire telephone "[1] (202) 234-7690, 7691" );; line 124012 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation zaire chief_of_mission "(vacant); Charge d'Affaires John M. YATES" );; line 124017 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation zaire embassy "310 Avenue des Aviateurs, Kinshasa" );; line 124019 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation zaire mailing_address "Unit 31550, Kinshasha; APO AE 09828" );; line 124021 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation zaire telephone "[243] (12) 21532, 21628" );; line 124023 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation zaire fax "[243] (12) 21534 ext. 2308, 21535 ext. 2308; (88) 43805, 43467" );; line 124025 (wfb::flag zaire "light green with a yellow disk in the center bearing a black arm holding a red flaming torch; the flames of the torch are blowing away from the hoist side; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia" );; line 124029 (wfb::overview zaire "Zaire's economy has continued to disintegrate although Prime Minister KENGO has had some success in slowing the rate of economic decline. While meaningful economic figures are difficult to come by, Zaire's hyperinflation, chronic large government deficits, and plunging mineral production have made the country one of the world's poorest. Most formal transactions are conducted in hard currency as indigenous bank notes have lost almost all value, and a barter economy now flourishes in all but the largest cities. Most individuals and families hang on grimly through subsistence farming and petty trade. The government has not been able to meet its financial obligations to the International Monetary Fund or put in place the financial measures advocated by the IMF. Although short-term prospects for improvement are dim, improved political stability would boost Zaire's long-term potential to effectively exploit its vast wealth of mineral and agricultural resources." );; line 124036 (wfb::estimation-date national_product zaire date_1994 );; line 124052 (wfb::national_product zaire (* 18.8e9 $) );; line 124052 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate zaire date_1994 );; line 124056 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate zaire (* 4 %) );; line 124056 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita zaire date_1994 );; line 124060 (wfb::national_product_per_capita zaire (* 440 $) );; line 124060 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| zaire "40% per month (1993 est.)" );; line 124064 (wfb::unemployment_rate zaire (* n/a %) );; line 124068 (wfb::budget zaire revenues (* n/a $) );; line 124073 (wfb::budget zaire expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 124075 (wfb::budget zaire capital_expenditures (* n/a $) );; line 124075 (wfb::exports zaire (* 362e6 $) );; line 124079 (wfb::exports zaire commodities copper-commodity n/a );; line 124081 (wfb::exports zaire commodities coffee n/a );; line 124081 (wfb::exports zaire commodities diamonds-commodity n/a );; line 124081 (wfb::exports zaire commodities cobalt-commodity n/a );; line 124081 (wfb::exports zaire commodities crude_oil n/a );; line 124081 (wfb::exports zaire partners us n/a );; line 124083 (wfb::exports zaire partners belgium n/a );; line 124083 (wfb::exports zaire partners france n/a );; line 124083 (wfb::exports zaire partners germany n/a );; line 124083 (wfb::exports zaire partners italy n/a );; line 124083 (wfb::exports zaire partners uk n/a );; line 124083 (wfb::exports zaire partners japan n/a );; line 124083 (wfb::exports zaire partners south_africa n/a );; line 124083 (wfb::imports zaire (* 356e6 $) );; line 124087 (wfb::imports zaire commodities consumer_goods n/a );; line 124089 (wfb::imports zaire commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 124089 (wfb::imports zaire commodities mining_and_other_machinery n/a );; line 124089 (wfb::imports zaire commodities transport_equipment n/a );; line 124089 (wfb::imports zaire commodities fuels n/a );; line 124089 (wfb::imports zaire partners south_africa n/a );; line 124092 (wfb::imports zaire partners us n/a );; line 124092 (wfb::imports zaire partners belgium n/a );; line 124092 (wfb::imports zaire partners france n/a );; line 124092 (wfb::imports zaire partners germany n/a );; line 124092 (wfb::imports zaire partners italy n/a );; line 124092 (wfb::imports zaire partners japan n/a );; line 124092 (wfb::imports zaire partners uk n/a );; line 124092 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt zaire date_may_1992 );; line 124096 (wfb::external_debt zaire (* 9.2e9 $) );; line 124096 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1993 );; line 124100 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production zaire date_1993 );; line 124100 (wfb::industrial_production zaire growth_rate (* -20 %) );; line 124100 (wfb::industrial_production zaire accounts_for (* 16 %_of_gdp) );; line 124100 (wfb::electricity zaire capacity (* 2830000 kw) );; line 124105 (wfb::electricity zaire production (* 6.2e9 kwh) );; line 124107 (wfb::measurement-date electricity zaire consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 124109 (wfb::electricity zaire consumption_per_capita (* 133 kwh) );; line 124109 (wfb::industry zaire mining );; line 124113 (wfb::industry zaire mineral_processing );; line 124113 (wfb::industry zaire |consumer products (including textiles, footwear, cigarettes, processed foods and beverages)| );; line 124113 (wfb::industry zaire cement );; line 124113 (wfb::industry zaire diamonds-industry );; line 124113 (wfb::agriculture zaire "cash crops - coffee, palm oil, rubber, quinine; food crops - cassava, bananas, root crops, corn" );; line 124118 (wfb::illicit_drugs zaire "illicit producer of cannabis, mostly for domestic consumption" );; line 124123 (wfb::economic_aid zaire recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $1.1 billion; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $6.9 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $35 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $263 million" );; line 124128 (wfb::comment economic_aid zaire "except for humanitarian aid to private organizations, no US assistance has been given to Zaire since 1992" );; line 124133 (wfb::abbreviation zaire "Z" );; line 124138 (wfb::currency zaire zaire 100 makuta );; line 124138 (wfb::exchange_rates zaire "new zaires (Z) per US$1 - 3,275.71 (December 1994), 1,194.12 (1994), 2.51 (1993); zaire (Z) per US$1 - 645,549 (1992), 15,587 (1991), 719 (1990)" );; line 124142 (wfb::comment exchange_rates zaire "on 22 October 1993 the new zaire, equal to 3,000,000 old zaires, was introduced" );; line 124146 (wfb::fiscal_year zaire date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 124151 (wfb::railroads zaire total "5,138 km; note - severely reduced trackage in use because of civil strife" );; line 124157 (wfb::railroads zaire narrow_gauge "3,987 km 1.067-m gauge (858 km electrified); 125 km 1.000-m gauge; 1,026 km 0.600-m gauge" );; line 124160 (wfb::highways zaire total (* 146500 km) );; line 124166 (wfb::highways zaire paved (* 2800 km) );; line 124168 (wfb::highways zaire (union gravel improved_earth ) (* 46200 km) );; line 124170 (wfb::highways zaire unimproved_earth (* 97500 km) );; line 124170 (wfb::inland_waterways zaire "15,000 km including the Congo, its tributaries, and unconnected lakes" );; line 124174 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 390 km) );; line 124179 (wfb::port zaire banana-zaire );; line 124183 (wfb::port zaire boma-zaire );; line 124183 (wfb::port zaire bukavu-zaire );; line 124183 (wfb::port zaire bumba-zaire );; line 124183 (wfb::port zaire goma-zaire );; line 124183 (wfb::port zaire kalemie-zaire );; line 124183 (wfb::port zaire kindu-zaire );; line 124183 (wfb::port zaire kinshasa-zaire );; line 124183 (wfb::port zaire kisangani-zaire );; line 124183 (wfb::port zaire matadi-zaire );; line 124183 (wfb::port zaire mbandaka-zaire );; line 124183 (wfb::merchant_marine zaire "none" );; line 124188 (wfb::airports zaire total 270 );; line 124193 (wfb::airports zaire |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 4 );; line 124195 (wfb::airports zaire |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 3 );; line 124197 (wfb::airports zaire |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 15 );; line 124199 (wfb::airports zaire |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 2 );; line 124201 (wfb::airports zaire with_paved_runways_under_914_m 97 );; line 124203 (wfb::airports zaire |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 22 );; line 124205 (wfb::airports zaire |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 127 );; line 124207 (wfb::telephone_system zaire "NA telephones" );; line 124212 (wfb::telephone_system zaire local "NA" );; line 124214 (wfb::telephone_system zaire intercity "NA barely adequate wire and microwave service in and between urban areas; 14 domestic earth stations" );; line 124216 (wfb::telephone_system zaire international "1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station" );; line 124219 (wfb::radio zaire broadcast_stations am 10 );; line 124224 (wfb::radio zaire broadcast_stations fm 4 );; line 124224 (wfb::radio zaire broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 124224 (wfb::radio zaire radios n/a );; line 124226 (wfb::television zaire broadcast_stations 18 );; line 124231 (wfb::television zaire televisions n/a );; line 124233 (wfb::defense_branch zaire army_zaire );; line 124239 (wfb::defense_branch zaire navy_zaire );; line 124239 (wfb::defense_branch zaire air_force_zaire );; line 124239 (wfb::defense_branch zaire national_gendarmerie_zaire );; line 124239 (wfb::defense_branch zaire paramilitary_civil_guard_zaire );; line 124239 (wfb::defense_branch zaire special_presidential_division_zaire );; line 124239 (wfb::manpower_availability zaire "males age 15-49 9,479,245; males fit for military service 4,828,367 (1995 est.)" );; line 124244 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures zaire date_1990 );; line 124249 (wfb::defense_expenditures zaire (* 46e6 $) );; line 124249 (wfb::defense_expenditures zaire (* 1.5 %_of_gdp) );; line 124249 (wfb::markup-parameter figure zambia "graphno=\"za.tif\"" );; line 124255 (wfb::location zambia "Southern Africa, east of Angola" );; line 124259 (wfb::map_references zambia "Africa" );; line 124263 (wfb::area zambia total_area (* 752610 sq_km) );; line 124268 (wfb::area zambia land_area (* 740720 sq_km) );; line 124270 (wfb::area zambia comparative_area "slightly larger than Texas" );; line 124272 (wfb::borders zambia total (* 5664 km) );; line 124276 (wfb::borders zambia angola (* 1110 km) );; line 124276 (wfb::borders zambia malawi (* 837 km) );; line 124276 (wfb::borders zambia mozambique (* 419 km) );; line 124276 (wfb::borders zambia namibia (* 233 km) );; line 124276 (wfb::borders zambia tanzania (* 338 km) );; line 124276 (wfb::borders zambia zaire (* 1930 km) );; line 124276 (wfb::borders zambia zimbabwe (* 797 km) );; line 124276 (wfb::comment coastline zambia "landlocked" );; line 124281 (wfb::coastline zambia (* 0 km) );; line 124281 (wfb::maritime_claims zambia "none; landlocked" );; line 124285 (wfb::international_disputes zambia "quadripoint with Botswana, Namibia, and Zimbabwe is in disagreement" );; line 124289 (wfb::international_disputes zambia "Tanzania-Zaire-Zambia tripoint in Lake Tanganyika may no longer be indefinite since it is reported that the indefinite section of the Zaire-Zambia boundary has been settled" );; line 124289 (wfb::climate zambia "tropical" );; line 124296 (wfb::climate zambia "modified by altitude" );; line 124296 (wfb::climate zambia "rainy season (October to April)" );; line 124296 (wfb::terrain zambia "mostly high plateau with some hills and mountains" );; line 124300 (wfb::natural-resource zambia copper );; line 124304 (wfb::natural-resource zambia cobalt );; line 124304 (wfb::natural-resource zambia zinc );; line 124304 (wfb::natural-resource zambia lead );; line 124304 (wfb::natural-resource zambia coal );; line 124304 (wfb::natural-resource zambia emeralds );; line 124304 (wfb::natural-resource zambia gold );; line 124304 (wfb::natural-resource zambia silver );; line 124304 (wfb::natural-resource zambia uranium );; line 124304 (wfb::natural-resource zambia hydropower_potential );; line 124304 (wfb::land_use zambia arable_land (* 7 %) );; line 124310 (wfb::land_use zambia permanent_crops (* 0 %) );; line 124312 (wfb::land_use zambia meadows_and_pastures (* 47 %) );; line 124314 (wfb::land_use zambia forest_and_woodland (* 27 %) );; line 124316 (wfb::land_use zambia other (* 19 %) );; line 124318 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land zambia date_1989 );; line 124322 (wfb::irrigated_land zambia (* 320 sq_km) );; line 124322 (wfb::environment zambia current_issues "air pollution and resulting acid rain in the mineral extraction and refining region" );; line 124327 (wfb::environment zambia current_issues "poaching seriously threatens rhinoceros and elephant populations" );; line 124327 (wfb::environment zambia current_issues "deforestation" );; line 124327 (wfb::environment zambia current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 124327 (wfb::environment zambia current_issues "desertification" );; line 124327 (wfb::environment zambia current_issues "lack of adequate water treatment presents human health risks" );; line 124327 (wfb::environment zambia natural_hazards "tropical storms (November to April)" );; line 124332 (wfb::environment zambia international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands" );; line 124334 (wfb::environment zambia international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Desertification" );; line 124334 (wfb::note zambia "landlocked" );; line 124340 (wfb::estimation-date population zambia date_jul_1995 );; line 124346 (wfb::population zambia 9445723 );; line 124346 (wfb::age_structure zambia 0-14_years (* 50 %) );; line 124351 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex zambia 0-14_years female 2331820 );; line 124351 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex zambia 0-14_years male 2363319 );; line 124351 (wfb::age_structure zambia 15-64_years (* 48 %) );; line 124353 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex zambia 15-64_years female 2332798 );; line 124353 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex zambia 15-64_years male 2193363 );; line 124353 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure zambia 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 124355 (wfb::age_structure zambia 65_years_and_over (* 2 %) );; line 124355 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex zambia 65_years_and_over female 112484 );; line 124355 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex zambia 65_years_and_over male 111939 );; line 124355 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate zambia date_1995 );; line 124359 (wfb::population_growth_rate zambia (* 2.7 %) );; line 124359 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate zambia date_1995 );; line 124363 (wfb::birth_rate zambia (* 45.47 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 124363 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate zambia date_1995 );; line 124367 (wfb::death_rate zambia (* 18.42 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 124367 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate zambia date_1995 );; line 124371 (wfb::net_migration_rate zambia (* -0.04 |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 124371 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate zambia date_1995 );; line 124375 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate zambia (* 86 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 124375 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth zambia total_population (* 42.88 years) );; line 124380 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth zambia male (* 42.74 years) );; line 124382 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth zambia female date_1995 );; line 124384 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth zambia female (* 43.03 years) );; line 124384 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate zambia date_1995 );; line 124388 (wfb::total_fertility_rate zambia (* 6.62 children_born/woman) );; line 124388 (wfb::nationality zambia noun "Zambian(s)" );; line 124393 (wfb::nationality zambia adjective "Zambian" );; line 124395 (wfb::ethnic-entity zambia african (* 98.7 %) );; line 124399 (wfb::ethnic-entity zambia european (* 1.1 %) );; line 124399 (wfb::religion zambia christian_50% (* -75 %) );; line 124403 (wfb::religion zambia muslim_and_hindu_24% (* -49 %) );; line 124403 (wfb::religion zambia indigenous_beliefs (* 1 %) );; line 124403 (wfb::language zambia english n/a );; line 124408 (wfb::comment language zambia english "official" );; line 124408 (wfb::comment languages zambia "about 70 indigenous languages" );; line 124410 (wfb::estimation-date literacy-condition zambia date_1990 );; line 124414 (wfb::literacy-condition zambia "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 124414 (wfb::literacy zambia total_population (* 73 %) );; line 124416 (wfb::literacy zambia male (* 81 %) );; line 124418 (wfb::literacy zambia female (* 65 %) );; line 124420 (wfb::total_labor_force zambia 3.4e6 );; line 124424 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation zambia agriculture (* 85 %) );; line 124426 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation zambia mining-occupation-type n/a );; line 124426 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation zambia manufacturing n/a );; line 124426 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation zambia construction (* 6 %) );; line 124426 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation zambia transport_and_services (* 9 %) );; line 124426 (wfb::names zambia conventional_long_form "Republic of Zambia" );; line 124433 (wfb::names zambia conventional_short_form "Zambia" );; line 124435 (wfb::names zambia former "Northern Rhodesia" );; line 124437 (wfb::digraph zambia "ZA" );; line 124441 (wfb::type zambia "republic" );; line 124445 (wfb::capital zambia lusaka-zambia );; line 124449 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_zambia_provinces "provinces" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 124453 (wfb::administrative_divisions zambia adm_div_zambia_provinces 9 );; line 124453 (wfb::administrative_division_of zambia adm_div_zambia_provinces "Central" );; line 124453 (wfb::administrative_division_of zambia adm_div_zambia_provinces "Copperbelt" );; line 124453 (wfb::administrative_division_of zambia adm_div_zambia_provinces "Eastern" );; line 124453 (wfb::administrative_division_of zambia adm_div_zambia_provinces "Luapula" );; line 124453 (wfb::administrative_division_of zambia adm_div_zambia_provinces "Lusaka" );; line 124453 (wfb::administrative_division_of zambia adm_div_zambia_provinces "Northern" );; line 124453 (wfb::administrative_division_of zambia adm_div_zambia_provinces "North-Western" );; line 124453 (wfb::administrative_division_of zambia adm_div_zambia_provinces "Southern" );; line 124453 (wfb::administrative_division_of zambia adm_div_zambia_provinces "Western" );; line 124453 (wfb::independence zambia date_24_oct_1964 "UK" );; line 124458 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1964 );; line 124462 (wfb::comment national_holiday zambia "1964" );; line 124462 (wfb::national_holiday zambia "Independence Day" date_24_oct );; line 124462 (wfb::constitution zambia "2 August 1991" );; line 124466 (wfb::legal_system zambia "based on English common law and customary law; judicial review of legislative acts in an ad hoc constitutional council; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction" );; line 124470 (wfb::comment suffrage zambia " universal" );; line 124476 (wfb::suffrage zambia (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 124476 (wfb::comment executive_branch zambia chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "Vice President General Godfrey MIYANDA (since NA August 1994; he replaced Levy MWANAWASA who was elected 31 October 1991 and resigned in NA August 1994) election last held 31 October 1991 (next to be held NA 1996)" );; line 124481 (wfb::comment executive_branch zambia chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "results - Frederick CHILUBA 84%, Kenneth KAUNDA 16%" );; line 124481 (wfb::executive_branch zambia chief_of_state "President Frederick CHILUBA " date_31_oct_1991 );; line 124481 (wfb::executive_branch zambia head_of_government "President Frederick CHILUBA " date_31_oct_1991 );; line 124481 (wfb::comment executive_branch zambia cabinet "appointed by the president from members of the National Assembly" );; line 124487 (wfb::executive_branch zambia cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 124487 (wfb::legislative_structure zambia unicameral n/a );; line 124492 (wfb::legislative_branch zambia "National Assembly" "elections last held 31 October 1991 (next to be held NA 1996); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (150 total) MMD 125, UNIP 25; note - the MMD's majority was weakened by the defection of 13 of its parliamentary members during 1993 and the defeat of its candidates in 4 of the resulting by-elections" );; line 124494 (wfb::judicial_branch zambia "Supreme Court" );; line 124502 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders zambia "Movement for Multiparty Democracy (MMD), Frederick CHILUBA; United National Independence Party (UNIP), Kebby MUSOKATWANE; National Party (NP), Inonge MBIKUSITA-LEWANIKA;" );; line 124506 (wfb::member_of zambia acp );; line 124512 (wfb::member_of zambia afdb );; line 124512 (wfb::member_of zambia c );; line 124512 (wfb::member_of zambia ccc );; line 124512 (wfb::member_of zambia eca );; line 124512 (wfb::member_of zambia fao );; line 124512 (wfb::member_of zambia fls );; line 124512 (wfb::member_of zambia g-19 );; line 124512 (wfb::member_of zambia g-77 );; line 124512 (wfb::member_of zambia gatt );; line 124512 (wfb::member_of zambia iaea );; line 124512 (wfb::member_of zambia ibrd );; line 124512 (wfb::member_of zambia icao );; line 124512 (wfb::member_of zambia icftu );; line 124512 (wfb::member_of zambia icrm );; line 124512 (wfb::member_of zambia ida );; line 124512 (wfb::member_of zambia ifad );; line 124512 (wfb::member_of zambia ifc );; line 124512 (wfb::member_of zambia ifrcs );; line 124512 (wfb::member_of zambia ilo );; line 124512 (wfb::member_of zambia imf );; line 124512 (wfb::member_of zambia intelsat );; line 124512 (wfb::member_of zambia interpol );; line 124512 (wfb::member_of zambia ioc );; line 124512 (wfb::member_of zambia iom );; line 124512 (wfb::member_of zambia itu );; line 124512 (wfb::member_of zambia nam );; line 124512 (wfb::member_of zambia oau );; line 124512 (wfb::member_of zambia sadc );; line 124512 (wfb::member_of zambia un );; line 124512 (wfb::member_of zambia unctad );; line 124512 (wfb::member_of zambia unesco );; line 124512 (wfb::member_of zambia unido );; line 124512 (wfb::member_of zambia unomoz );; line 124512 (wfb::member_of zambia upu );; line 124512 (wfb::member_of zambia wcl );; line 124512 (wfb::member_of zambia who );; line 124512 (wfb::member_of zambia wipo );; line 124512 (wfb::member_of zambia wmo );; line 124512 (wfb::member_of zambia wto );; line 124512 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us zambia chief_of_mission "Ambassador Dunstan Weston KAMANA" );; line 124520 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us zambia chancery "2419 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008" );; line 124522 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us zambia telephone "[1] (202) 265-9717 through 9719" );; line 124524 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us zambia fax "[1] (202) 332-0826" );; line 124526 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation zambia chief_of_mission "Ambassador Roland K. KUCHEL" );; line 124531 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation zambia embassy "corner of Independence Avenue and United Nations Avenue, Lusaka" );; line 124533 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation zambia mailing_address "P. O. Box 31617, Lusaka" );; line 124535 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation zambia telephone "[260] (1) 228595, 228601, 228602, 228603" );; line 124537 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation zambia fax "[260] (1) 261538" );; line 124539 (wfb::flag zambia "green with a panel of three vertical bands of red (hoist side), black, and orange below a soaring orange eagle, on the outer edge of the flag" );; line 124543 (wfb::overview zambia "Prior to 1993 the economy had been in decline for more than a decade with falling imports and growing foreign debt. Economic difficulties stemmed largely from a chronically depressed level of copper production and weak copper prices, generally ineffective economic policies, and high inflation. An annual population growth of 3% brought a decline in per capita GDP of 50% over the decade. However, economic reforms enacted since 1992 have helped reduce inflation, have begun to strengthen the social safety net, and have been accompanied by GDP growth at an estimated 6.8% in 1993 and 4% in 1994. The huge external debt remains a key problem." );; line 124549 (wfb::estimation-date national_product zambia date_1994 );; line 124561 (wfb::national_product zambia (* 7.9e9 $) );; line 124561 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate zambia date_1994 );; line 124565 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate zambia (* 4 %) );; line 124565 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita zambia date_1994 );; line 124569 (wfb::national_product_per_capita zambia (* 860 $) );; line 124569 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| zambia "89% (1994 est.)" );; line 124573 (wfb::unemployment_rate zambia (* n/a %) );; line 124577 (wfb::budget zambia revenues (* 665e6 $) );; line 124582 (wfb::estimation-date budget zambia date_1991 );; line 124584 (wfb::budget zambia expenditures (* 767e6 $) );; line 124584 (wfb::budget zambia capital_expenditures (* 300e6 $) );; line 124584 (wfb::exports zambia (* 1.01e9 $) );; line 124589 (wfb::exports zambia commodities copper-commodity n/a );; line 124591 (wfb::exports zambia commodities zinc-commodity n/a );; line 124591 (wfb::exports zambia commodities cobalt-commodity n/a );; line 124591 (wfb::exports zambia commodities lead-commodity n/a );; line 124591 (wfb::exports zambia commodities tobacco n/a );; line 124591 (wfb::exports zambia partners ec_countries n/a );; line 124593 (wfb::exports zambia partners japan n/a );; line 124593 (wfb::exports zambia partners south_africa n/a );; line 124593 (wfb::exports zambia partners us n/a );; line 124593 (wfb::exports zambia partners india n/a );; line 124593 (wfb::imports zambia (* 1.13e9 $) );; line 124597 (wfb::imports zambia commodities machinery n/a );; line 124599 (wfb::imports zambia commodities transportation_equipment n/a );; line 124599 (wfb::imports zambia commodities foodstuffs n/a );; line 124599 (wfb::imports zambia commodities fuels n/a );; line 124599 (wfb::imports zambia commodities manufactures n/a );; line 124599 (wfb::imports zambia partners ec_countries n/a );; line 124602 (wfb::imports zambia partners japan n/a );; line 124602 (wfb::imports zambia partners saudi_arabia n/a );; line 124602 (wfb::imports zambia partners south_africa n/a );; line 124602 (wfb::imports zambia partners us n/a );; line 124602 (wfb::measurement-date external_debt zambia date_1993 );; line 124606 (wfb::external_debt zambia (* 7.3e9 $) );; line 124606 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1992 );; line 124610 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production zambia date_1992 );; line 124610 (wfb::industrial_production zambia growth_rate (* -1 %) );; line 124610 (wfb::industrial_production zambia accounts_for (* 42 %_of_gdp) );; line 124610 (wfb::electricity zambia capacity (* 2440000 kw) );; line 124615 (wfb::electricity zambia production (* 7.8e9 kwh) );; line 124617 (wfb::measurement-date electricity zambia consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 124619 (wfb::electricity zambia consumption_per_capita (* 650 kwh) );; line 124619 (wfb::industry zambia copper_mining_and_processing );; line 124623 (wfb::industry zambia construction-industry );; line 124623 (wfb::industry zambia foodstuffs-industry );; line 124623 (wfb::industry zambia beverages-industry );; line 124623 (wfb::industry zambia chemicals );; line 124623 (wfb::industry zambia textiles );; line 124623 (wfb::industry zambia fertilizer );; line 124623 (wfb::agriculture zambia "accounts for 12% of GDP and 85% of labor force; crops - corn (food staple), sorghum, rice, peanuts, sunflower, tobacco, cotton, sugarcane, cassava; cattle, goats, beef, eggs" );; line 124628 (wfb::illicit_drugs zambia "increasingly a regional transshipment center for methaqualone and heroin" );; line 124634 (wfb::economic_aid zambia recipient "US commitments, including Ex-Im (1970-89), $4.8 billion; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $4.8 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $60 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $533 million" );; line 124640 (wfb::abbreviation zambian_kwacha "ZK" );; line 124647 (wfb::currency zambia zambian_kwacha 100 ngwee );; line 124647 (wfb::exchange_rates zambia "Zambian kwacha (ZK) per US$1 - 672.8 (September 1994), 434.78 (1993), 156.25 (1992), 61.7284 (1991), 28.9855 (1990)" );; line 124651 (wfb::fiscal_year zambia date_1_jan date_31_dec );; line 124656 (wfb::railroads zambia total "1,273 km" );; line 124662 (wfb::railroads zambia narrow_gauge "1,273 km 1.067-m gauge (13 km double track)" );; line 124664 (wfb::comment railroads zambia "not a part of Zambia Railways is the Tanzania-Zambia Railway Authority (TAZARA), which operates 1,860 km of 1.067-m narrow gauge track between Dar es Salaam and New Kapiri M'poshi where it connects to the Zambia Railways system; 891 km of the TAZARA line transit Zambia" );; line 124666 (wfb::highways zambia total (* 36370 km) );; line 124674 (wfb::highways zambia paved (* 6500 km) );; line 124676 (wfb::highways zambia (union crushed_stone gravel stabilized_earth ) (* 7000 km) );; line 124678 (wfb::highways zambia (union improved unimproved_earth ) (* 22870 km) );; line 124678 (wfb::inland_waterways zambia "2,250 km, including Zambezi and Luapula Rivers, Lake Tanganyika" );; line 124683 (wfb::pipelines crude_oil-pipeline-type (* 1724 km) );; line 124687 (wfb::port zambia mpulungu-zambia );; line 124691 (wfb::airports zambia total 113 );; line 124696 (wfb::airports zambia |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 1 );; line 124698 (wfb::airports zambia |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 4 );; line 124700 (wfb::airports zambia |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 4 );; line 124702 (wfb::airports zambia |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 4 );; line 124704 (wfb::airports zambia with_paved_runways_under_914_m 39 );; line 124706 (wfb::airports zambia |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 4 );; line 124708 (wfb::airports zambia |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 57 );; line 124710 (wfb::telephone_system zambia "NA telephones; facilities are among the best in Sub-Saharan Africa" );; line 124715 (wfb::telephone_system zambia local "NA" );; line 124718 (wfb::telephone_system zambia intercity "high capacity micrwave radio relay connects most larger towns and cities" );; line 124720 (wfb::telephone_system zambia international "2 INTELSAT earth stations (1 Indian Ocean and 1 Atlantic Ocean)" );; line 124723 (wfb::radio zambia broadcast_stations am 11 );; line 124728 (wfb::radio zambia broadcast_stations fm 5 );; line 124728 (wfb::radio zambia broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 124728 (wfb::radio zambia radios n/a );; line 124730 (wfb::television zambia broadcast_stations 9 );; line 124735 (wfb::television zambia televisions n/a );; line 124737 (wfb::defense_branch zambia army_zambia );; line 124743 (wfb::defense_branch zambia air_force_zambia );; line 124743 (wfb::defense_branch zambia police_zambia );; line 124743 (wfb::manpower_availability zambia "males age 15-49 1,953,967; males fit for military service 1,028,113 (1995 est.)" );; line 124747 (wfb::measurement-date defense_expenditures zambia date_1994 );; line 124752 (wfb::defense_expenditures zambia (* 45e6 $) );; line 124752 (wfb::defense_expenditures zambia (* 1.4 %_of_gdp) );; line 124752 (wfb::markup-parameter figure zimbabwe "graphno=\"zi.tif\"" );; line 124758 (wfb::location zimbabwe "Southern Africa, northeast of Botswana" );; line 124762 (wfb::map_references zimbabwe "Africa" );; line 124766 (wfb::area zimbabwe total_area (* 390580 sq_km) );; line 124771 (wfb::area zimbabwe land_area (* 386670 sq_km) );; line 124773 (wfb::area zimbabwe comparative_area "slightly larger than Montana" );; line 124775 (wfb::borders zimbabwe total (* 3066 km) );; line 124779 (wfb::borders zimbabwe botswana (* 813 km) );; line 124779 (wfb::borders zimbabwe mozambique (* 1231 km) );; line 124779 (wfb::borders zimbabwe south_africa (* 225 km) );; line 124779 (wfb::borders zimbabwe zambia (* 797 km) );; line 124779 (wfb::comment coastline zimbabwe "landlocked" );; line 124784 (wfb::coastline zimbabwe (* 0 km) );; line 124784 (wfb::maritime_claims zimbabwe "none; landlocked" );; line 124788 (wfb::international_disputes zimbabwe "quadripoint with Botswana, Namibia, and Zambia is in disagreement" );; line 124792 (wfb::climate zimbabwe "tropical" );; line 124796 (wfb::climate zimbabwe "moderated by altitude" );; line 124796 (wfb::climate zimbabwe "rainy season (November to March)" );; line 124796 (wfb::terrain zimbabwe "mostly high plateau with higher central plateau (high veld)" );; line 124800 (wfb::terrain zimbabwe "mountains in east" );; line 124800 (wfb::natural-resource zimbabwe coal );; line 124805 (wfb::natural-resource zimbabwe chromium_ore );; line 124805 (wfb::natural-resource zimbabwe asbestos );; line 124805 (wfb::natural-resource zimbabwe gold );; line 124805 (wfb::natural-resource zimbabwe nickel );; line 124805 (wfb::natural-resource zimbabwe copper );; line 124805 (wfb::natural-resource zimbabwe iron_ore );; line 124805 (wfb::natural-resource zimbabwe vanadium );; line 124805 (wfb::natural-resource zimbabwe lithium );; line 124805 (wfb::natural-resource zimbabwe tin );; line 124805 (wfb::natural-resource zimbabwe platinum_group_metals );; line 124805 (wfb::land_use zimbabwe arable_land (* 7.25 %) );; line 124811 (wfb::comment land_use zimbabwe permanent_crops "coffee is a permanent crop" );; line 124813 (wfb::land_use zimbabwe permanent_crops (* 0.25 %) );; line 124813 (wfb::land_use zimbabwe meadows_and_pastures (* 12.5 %) );; line 124815 (wfb::land_use zimbabwe forest_and_woodland (* 49 %) );; line 124817 (wfb::land_use zimbabwe other (* 31 %) );; line 124819 (wfb::estimation-date irrigated_land zimbabwe date_1993 );; line 124823 (wfb::irrigated_land zimbabwe (* 2250 sq_km) );; line 124823 (wfb::environment zimbabwe current_issues "deforestation" );; line 124828 (wfb::environment zimbabwe current_issues "soil erosion" );; line 124828 (wfb::environment zimbabwe current_issues "land degradation" );; line 124828 (wfb::environment zimbabwe current_issues "air and water pollution" );; line 124828 (wfb::environment zimbabwe current_issues "the black rhinoceros herd - once the largest concentration of the species in the world - has been significantly reduced by poaching" );; line 124828 (wfb::environment zimbabwe natural_hazards "recurring droughts" );; line 124832 (wfb::environment zimbabwe natural_hazards "floods and severe storms are rare" );; line 124832 (wfb::environment zimbabwe international_agreements "party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection" );; line 124834 (wfb::environment zimbabwe international_agreements "signed, but not ratified - Desertification" );; line 124834 (wfb::note zimbabwe "landlocked" );; line 124840 (wfb::estimation-date population zimbabwe date_jul_1995 );; line 124846 (wfb::population zimbabwe 11139961 );; line 124846 (wfb::age_structure zimbabwe 0-14_years (* 47 %) );; line 124851 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex zimbabwe 0-14_years female 2588193 );; line 124851 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex zimbabwe 0-14_years male 2617485 );; line 124851 (wfb::age_structure zimbabwe 15-64_years (* 51 %) );; line 124853 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex zimbabwe 15-64_years female 2915697 );; line 124853 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex zimbabwe 15-64_years male 2723511 );; line 124853 (wfb::estimation-date age_structure zimbabwe 65_years_and_over date_jul_1995 );; line 124855 (wfb::age_structure zimbabwe 65_years_and_over (* 2 %) );; line 124855 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex zimbabwe 65_years_and_over female 151635 );; line 124855 (wfb::age_structure_by_sex zimbabwe 65_years_and_over male 143440 );; line 124855 (wfb::estimation-date population_growth_rate zimbabwe date_1995 );; line 124859 (wfb::population_growth_rate zimbabwe (* 1.78 %) );; line 124859 (wfb::estimation-date birth_rate zimbabwe date_1995 );; line 124863 (wfb::birth_rate zimbabwe (* 36.35 |births/1,000 population|) );; line 124863 (wfb::estimation-date death_rate zimbabwe date_1995 );; line 124867 (wfb::death_rate zimbabwe (* 18.54 |deaths/1,000 population|) );; line 124867 (wfb::estimation-date net_migration_rate zimbabwe date_1995 );; line 124871 (wfb::net_migration_rate zimbabwe (* n/a |migrant(s)/1,000 population|) );; line 124871 (wfb::comment net_migration_rate zimbabwe "following the settlement of hostilities in Mozambique in 1992, refugees from the fighting there began to return to their homes; this process continues at a lesser rate in 1995; there is a small but steady flow of Zimbabweans into South Africa in search of better paid employment" );; line 124873 (wfb::estimation-date infant_mortality_rate zimbabwe date_1995 );; line 124880 (wfb::infant_mortality_rate zimbabwe (* 72.7 |deaths/1,000 live births|) );; line 124880 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth zimbabwe total_population (* 41.35 years) );; line 124885 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth zimbabwe male (* 39.73 years) );; line 124887 (wfb::estimation-date life_expectancy_at_birth zimbabwe female date_1995 );; line 124889 (wfb::life_expectancy_at_birth zimbabwe female (* 43.01 years) );; line 124889 (wfb::estimation-date total_fertility_rate zimbabwe date_1995 );; line 124893 (wfb::total_fertility_rate zimbabwe (* 4.93 children_born/woman) );; line 124893 (wfb::nationality zimbabwe noun "Zimbabwean(s)" );; line 124898 (wfb::nationality zimbabwe adjective "Zimbabwean" );; line 124900 (wfb::comment ethnic-entity "Shona 71%, Ndebele 16%, other 11%" );; line 124904 (wfb::ethnic-entity zimbabwe african (* 98 %) );; line 124904 (wfb::ethnic-entity zimbabwe white (* 1 %) );; line 124904 (wfb::ethnic-entity zimbabwe mixed_and_asian (* 1 %) );; line 124904 (wfb::language zimbabwe english n/a );; line 124914 (wfb::comment language zimbabwe english "official" );; line 124914 (wfb::language zimbabwe shona n/a );; line 124914 (wfb::language zimbabwe sindebele n/a );; line 124914 (wfb::measurement-date literacy-condition zimbabwe date_1982 );; line 124918 (wfb::literacy-condition zimbabwe "age 15 and over can read and write" );; line 124918 (wfb::literacy zimbabwe total_population (* 78 %) );; line 124920 (wfb::literacy zimbabwe male (* 84 %) );; line 124922 (wfb::literacy zimbabwe female (* 72 %) );; line 124924 (wfb::total_labor_force zimbabwe 3.1e6 );; line 124928 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force zimbabwe by_occupation date_1987 );; line 124930 (wfb::measurement-date labor_force_by_occupation date_1987 );; line 124930 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation zimbabwe agriculture (* 74 %) );; line 124930 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation zimbabwe transport_and_services (* 16 %) );; line 124930 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation zimbabwe mining-occupation-type n/a );; line 124930 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation zimbabwe manufacturing n/a );; line 124930 (wfb::labor_force_by_occupation zimbabwe construction (* 10 %) );; line 124930 (wfb::names zimbabwe conventional_long_form "Republic of Zimbabwe" );; line 124937 (wfb::names zimbabwe conventional_short_form "Zimbabwe" );; line 124939 (wfb::names zimbabwe former "Southern Rhodesia" );; line 124941 (wfb::digraph zimbabwe "ZI" );; line 124945 (wfb::type zimbabwe "parliamentary democracy" );; line 124949 (wfb::capital zimbabwe harare-zimbabwe );; line 124953 (wfb::administrative_division adm_div_zimbabwe_provinces "provinces" "n/a" "n/a" );; line 124957 (wfb::administrative_divisions zimbabwe adm_div_zimbabwe_provinces 8 );; line 124957 (wfb::administrative_division_of zimbabwe adm_div_zimbabwe_provinces "Manicaland" );; line 124957 (wfb::administrative_division_of zimbabwe adm_div_zimbabwe_provinces "Mashonaland Central" );; line 124957 (wfb::administrative_division_of zimbabwe adm_div_zimbabwe_provinces "Mashonaland East" );; line 124957 (wfb::administrative_division_of zimbabwe adm_div_zimbabwe_provinces "Mashonaland West" );; line 124957 (wfb::administrative_division_of zimbabwe adm_div_zimbabwe_provinces "Masvingo (Victoria)" );; line 124957 (wfb::administrative_division_of zimbabwe adm_div_zimbabwe_provinces "Matabeleland North" );; line 124957 (wfb::administrative_division_of zimbabwe adm_div_zimbabwe_provinces "Matabeleland South" );; line 124957 (wfb::administrative_division_of zimbabwe adm_div_zimbabwe_provinces "Midlands" );; line 124957 (wfb::independence zimbabwe date_18_apr_1980 "UK" );; line 124963 (wfb::measurement-date national_holiday date_1980 );; line 124967 (wfb::comment national_holiday zimbabwe "1980" );; line 124967 (wfb::national_holiday zimbabwe "Independence Day" date_18_apr );; line 124967 (wfb::constitution zimbabwe "21 December 1979" );; line 124971 (wfb::legal_system zimbabwe "mixture of Roman-Dutch and English common law" );; line 124975 (wfb::comment suffrage zimbabwe " universal" );; line 124979 (wfb::suffrage zimbabwe (* 18 years_of_age) );; line 124979 (wfb::comment executive_branch zimbabwe chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "Co-Vice President Simon Vengai MUZENDA (since 31 December 1987)" );; line 124984 (wfb::comment executive_branch zimbabwe chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "Co-Vice President Joshua M. NKOMO (since 6 August 1990)" );; line 124984 (wfb::comment executive_branch zimbabwe chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "election last held 28-30 March 1990 (next to be held NA March 1996)" );; line 124984 (wfb::comment executive_branch zimbabwe chief_of_state_and_head_of_government "results - Robert MUGABE 78.3%, Edgar TEKERE 21.7%" );; line 124984 (wfb::executive_branch zimbabwe chief_of_state "Executive President Robert Gabriel MUGABE " date_31_dec_1987 );; line 124984 (wfb::executive_branch zimbabwe head_of_government "Executive President Robert Gabriel MUGABE " date_31_dec_1987 );; line 124984 (wfb::comment executive_branch zimbabwe cabinet "appointed by the president" );; line 124990 (wfb::comment executive_branch zimbabwe cabinet "responsible to Parliament" );; line 124990 (wfb::executive_branch zimbabwe cabinet "Cabinet" );; line 124990 (wfb::legislative_structure zimbabwe unicameral n/a );; line 124994 (wfb::legislative_branch zimbabwe "Parliament" "elections last held 8-9 April 1995 (next to be held NA March 2000); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (150 total, 120 elected) ZANU-PF 118, ZANU-S 2" );; line 124996 (wfb::judicial_branch zimbabwe "Supreme Court" );; line 125002 (wfb::political_parties_and_leaders zimbabwe "Zimbabwe African National Union-Patriotic Front (ZANU-PF), Robert MUGABE; Zimbabwe African National Union-Sithole (ZANU-S), Ndabaningi SITHOLE; Zimbabwe Unity Movement (ZUM), Edgar TEKERE; Democratic Party (DP), Emmanuel MAGOCHE; Forum Party of Zimbabwe, Enock DUMBUTSHENA; United Parties, Abel MUZOREWA" );; line 125006 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe acp );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe afdb );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe c );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe ccc );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe eca );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe fao );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe fls );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe g-15 );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe g-77 );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe gatt );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe iaea );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe ibrd );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe icao );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe icftu );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe icrm );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe ida );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe ifad );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe ifc );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe ifrcs );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe ilo );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe imf );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe intelsat );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe interpol );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe ioc );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe iom );; line 125014 (wfb::comment member_of zimbabwe iom "observer" );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe iso );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe itu );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe nam );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe oau );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe pca );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe sadc );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe un );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe unamir );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe unavem_ii );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe unctad );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe unesco );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe unido );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe unomur );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe unosom );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe upu );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe wcl );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe who );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe wipo );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe wmo );; line 125014 (wfb::member_of zimbabwe wto );; line 125014 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us zimbabwe chief_of_mission "Ambassador Amos Bernard Muvengwa MIDZI" );; line 125022 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us zimbabwe chancery "1608 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20009" );; line 125024 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us zimbabwe telephone "[1] (202) 332-7100" );; line 125026 (wfb::diplomatic_representation_in_us zimbabwe fax "[1] (202) 483-9326" );; line 125028 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation zimbabwe chief_of_mission "Ambassador Johnny CARSON" );; line 125033 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation zimbabwe embassy "172 Herbert Chitepo Avenue, Harare" );; line 125035 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation zimbabwe mailing_address "P. O. Box 3340, Harare" );; line 125037 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation zimbabwe telephone "[263] (4) 794521" );; line 125039 (wfb::us_diplomatic_representation zimbabwe fax "[263] (4) 796488" );; line 125041 (wfb::flag zimbabwe "seven equal horizontal bands of green, yellow, red, black, red, yellow, and green with a white equilateral triangle edged in black based on the hoist side; a yellow Zimbabwe bird is superimposed on a red five-pointed star in the center of the triangle" );; line 125045 (wfb::overview zimbabwe "Agriculture employs three-fourths of the labor force and supplies almost 40% of exports. The manufacturing sector, based on agriculture and mining, produces a variety of goods and contributes 35% to GDP. Mining accounts for only 5% of both GDP and employment, but minerals and metals account for about 40% of exports. Severe drought caused GDP to drop 8% in 1992, with growth rebounding to 2% in 1993 and 3.5% in 1994. Despite the lingering effects of the drought on economic and social conditions, the government is continuing to push its IMF/World Bank structural adjustment program aimed at encouraging exports and foreign investment." );; line 125053 (wfb::estimation-date national_product zimbabwe date_1994 );; line 125065 (wfb::national_product zimbabwe (* 17.4e9 $) );; line 125065 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_real_growth_rate zimbabwe date_1994 );; line 125069 (wfb::national_product_real_growth_rate zimbabwe (* 3.5 %) );; line 125069 (wfb::estimation-date national_product_per_capita zimbabwe date_1994 );; line 125073 (wfb::national_product_per_capita zimbabwe (* 1580 $) );; line 125073 (wfb::|Inflation rate (consumer prices)| zimbabwe "22% (December 1994 est.)" );; line 125077 (wfb::estimation-date unemployment_rate zimbabwe date_1994 );; line 125081 (wfb::budget zimbabwe revenues (* 1.7e9 $) );; line 125086 (wfb::for-fiscal-year budget zimbabwe 92 );; line 125088 (wfb::budget zimbabwe expenditures (* 2.2e9 $) );; line 125088 (wfb::budget zimbabwe capital_expenditures (* 253e6 $) );; line 125088 (wfb::exports zimbabwe (* 1.8e9 $) );; line 125093 (wfb::measurement-date exports zimbabwe date_1992 );; line 125095 (wfb::comment exports zimbabwe "tobacco 30%, other 5%" );; line 125095 (wfb::exports zimbabwe commodities agricultural-commodity (* 35 %) );; line 125095 (wfb::exports zimbabwe commodities manufactures (* 25 %) );; line 125095 (wfb::exports zimbabwe commodities gold-commodity (* 12 %) );; line 125095 (wfb::exports zimbabwe commodities ferrochrome (* 10 %) );; line 125095 (wfb::exports zimbabwe commodities textiles-commodity (* 8 %) );; line 125095 (wfb::measurement-date exports zimbabwe date_1991 );; line 125098 (wfb::exports zimbabwe partners uk (* 14 %) );; line 125098 (wfb::exports zimbabwe partners germany (* 11 %) );; line 125098 (wfb::exports zimbabwe partners south_africa (* 10 %) );; line 125098 (wfb::exports zimbabwe partners japan (* 7 %) );; line 125098 (wfb::exports zimbabwe partners us (* 5 %) );; line 125098 (wfb::imports zimbabwe (* 1.8e9 $) );; line 125102 (wfb::measurement-date imports zimbabwe date_1991 );; line 125104 (wfb::imports zimbabwe commodities machinery_and_transportation_equipment (* 41 %) );; line 125104 (wfb::imports zimbabwe commodities chemicals-commodity (* 16 %) );; line 125104 (wfb::imports zimbabwe commodities fuels (* 12 %) );; line 125104 (wfb::measurement-date imports zimbabwe date_1991 );; line 125107 (wfb::imports zimbabwe partners south_africa (* 25 %) );; line 125107 (wfb::imports zimbabwe partners uk (* 15 %) );; line 125107 (wfb::imports zimbabwe partners germany (* 9 %) );; line 125107 (wfb::imports zimbabwe partners us (* 6 %) );; line 125107 (wfb::imports zimbabwe partners japan (* 5 %) );; line 125107 (wfb::estimation-date external_debt zimbabwe date_dec_1992 );; line 125111 (wfb::external_debt zimbabwe (* 3.5e9 $) );; line 125111 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production date_1992 );; line 125115 (wfb::measurement-date industrial_production zimbabwe date_1992 );; line 125115 (wfb::industrial_production zimbabwe growth_rate (* 2.3 %) );; line 125115 (wfb::industrial_production zimbabwe accounts_for (* 35 %_of_gdp) );; line 125115 (wfb::electricity zimbabwe capacity (* 2040000 kw) );; line 125120 (wfb::electricity zimbabwe production (* 9e9 kwh) );; line 125122 (wfb::measurement-date electricity zimbabwe consumption_per_capita date_1993 );; line 125124 (wfb::electricity zimbabwe consumption_per_capita (* 913 kwh) );; line 125124 (wfb::industry zimbabwe mining );; line 125128 (wfb::industry zimbabwe steel );; line 125128 (wfb::industry zimbabwe clothing );; line 125128 (wfb::industry zimbabwe footwear-industry );; line 125128 (wfb::industry zimbabwe chemicals );; line 125128 (wfb::industry zimbabwe foodstuffs-industry );; line 125128 (wfb::industry zimbabwe fertilizer );; line 125128 (wfb::industry zimbabwe beverage );; line 125128 (wfb::industry zimbabwe transportation_equipment-industry );; line 125128 (wfb::industry zimbabwe wood_products );; line 125128 (wfb::agriculture zimbabwe "accounts for 20% of GDP; 40% of land area divided into 4,500 large commercial farms and 42% in communal lands; crops - corn (food staple), cotton, tobacco, wheat, coffee, sugarcane, peanuts; livestock - cattle, sheep, goats, pigs; self-sufficient in food" );; line 125133 (wfb::economic_aid zimbabwe "NA" );; line 125140 (wfb::abbreviation zimbabwean_dollar "Z$" );; line 125144 (wfb::currency zimbabwe zimbabwean_dollar 100 cents );; line 125144 (wfb::exchange_rates zimbabwe "Zimbabwean dollars (Z$) per US$1 - 8.3752 (January 1995), 8.1500 (1994), 6.4725 (1993), 5.1046 (1992), 3.4282 (1991), 2.4480 (1990)" );; line 125148 (wfb::fiscal_year zimbabwe date_1_jul date_30_jun );; line 125153 (wfb::railroads zimbabwe total "2,745 km" );; line 125159 (wfb::railroads zimbabwe narrow_gauge "2,745 km 1.067-m gauge (355 km electrified; 42 km double track)" );; line 125161 (wfb::highways zimbabwe total (* 85237 km) );; line 125166 (wfb::highways zimbabwe paved (* 15800 km) );; line 125168 (wfb::highways zimbabwe (union crushed_stone gravel stabilized_earth ) (* 39090 km) );; line 125170 (wfb::highways zimbabwe improved_earth (* 23097 km) );; line 125170 (wfb::highways zimbabwe unimproved_earth (* 7250 km) );; line 125170 (wfb::inland_waterways zimbabwe "Lake Kariba is a potential line of communication" );; line 125175 (wfb::pipelines petroleum_products (* 212 km) );; line 125179 (wfb::port zimbabwe binga-zimbabwe );; line 125183 (wfb::port zimbabwe kariba-zimbabwe );; line 125183 (wfb::airports zimbabwe total 471 );; line 125188 (wfb::airports zimbabwe |with paved runways over 3,047 m| 3 );; line 125190 (wfb::airports zimbabwe |with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m| 2 );; line 125192 (wfb::airports zimbabwe |with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m| 6 );; line 125194 (wfb::airports zimbabwe |with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 13 );; line 125196 (wfb::airports zimbabwe with_paved_runways_under_914_m 222 );; line 125198 (wfb::airports zimbabwe |with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,438 m| 2 );; line 125200 (wfb::airports zimbabwe |with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m| 223 );; line 125202 (wfb::telephone_system zimbabwe "247,000 telephones; system was once one of the best in Africa, but now suffers from poor maintenance" );; line 125207 (wfb::telephone_system zimbabwe local "NA" );; line 125210 (wfb::telephone_system zimbabwe intercity "consists of microwave links, open-wire lines, and radio communications stations" );; line 125212 (wfb::telephone_system zimbabwe international "1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station" );; line 125215 (wfb::radio zimbabwe broadcast_stations am 8 );; line 125220 (wfb::radio zimbabwe broadcast_stations fm 18 );; line 125220 (wfb::radio zimbabwe broadcast_stations shortwave 0 );; line 125220 (wfb::radio zimbabwe radios n/a );; line 125222 (wfb::television zimbabwe broadcast_stations 8 );; line 125227 (wfb::television zimbabwe televisions n/a );; line 125229 (wfb::defense_branch zimbabwe zimbabwe_national_army_zimbabwe );; line 125235 (wfb::defense_branch zimbabwe air_force_of_zimbabwe_zimbabwe );; line 125235 (wfb::comment defense_branch zimbabwe zimbabwe_republic_police_zimbabwe "includes Police Support Unit, Paramilitary Police" );; line 125235 (wfb::defense_branch zimbabwe zimbabwe_republic_police_zimbabwe );; line 125235 (wfb::manpower_availability zimbabwe "males age 15-49 2,435,931; males fit for military service 1,514,068 (1995 est.)" );; line 125240 (wfb::for-fiscal-year defense_expenditures zimbabwe 94 );; line 125245 (wfb::defense_expenditures zimbabwe (* 175e6 $) );; line 125245 (wfb::defense_expenditures zimbabwe (* 3.1 %_of_gdp) );; line 125245 (wfb::markup-parameter figure "graphno=\"appenda.tif\"" );; line 125251 (wfb::documentation abbreviations_for_international_organizations_and_groups "Note: Not all international organizations and groups have abbreviations." );; line 125259 (wfb::abbreviation abeda "ABEDA" );; line 125266 (wfb::abbreviation acc "ACC" );; line 125269 (wfb::abbreviation acct "ACCT" );; line 125272 (wfb::abbreviation acp "ACP" );; line 125276 (wfb::abbreviation afdb "AfDB" );; line 125279 (wfb::abbreviation afesd "AFESD" );; line 125282 (wfb::abbreviation ag "AG" );; line 125285 (wfb::abbreviation al "AL" );; line 125288 (wfb::abbreviation aladi "ALADI" );; line 125291 (wfb::abbreviation amf "AMF" );; line 125295 (wfb::abbreviation amu "AMU" );; line 125298 (wfb::abbreviation anzus "ANZUS" );; line 125301 (wfb::abbreviation apec "APEC" );; line 125304 (wfb::abbreviation asdb "AsDB" );; line 125307 (wfb::abbreviation asean "ASEAN" );; line 125310 (wfb::abbreviation bad "BAD" );; line 125316 (wfb::abbreviation badea "BADEA" );; line 125320 (wfb::abbreviation bcie "BCIE" );; line 125324 (wfb::abbreviation bdeac "BDEAC" );; line 125328 (wfb::abbreviation benelux "Benelux" );; line 125332 (wfb::abbreviation bid "BID" );; line 125335 (wfb::abbreviation bis "BIS" );; line 125339 (wfb::abbreviation boad "BOAD" );; line 125342 (wfb::abbreviation bsec "BSEC" );; line 125346 (wfb::abbreviation c "C" );; line 125352 (wfb::abbreviation cacm "CACM" );; line 125355 (wfb::abbreviation caeu "CAEU" );; line 125358 (wfb::abbreviation caricom "CARICOM" );; line 125361 (wfb::abbreviation cbss "CBSS" );; line 125364 (wfb::abbreviation ccc "CCC" );; line 125367 (wfb::abbreviation cdb "CDB" );; line 125370 (wfb::abbreviation ce "CE" );; line 125373 (wfb::abbreviation ceao "CEAO" );; line 125376 (wfb::abbreviation ceeac "CEEAC" );; line 125380 (wfb::abbreviation cei "CEI" );; line 125384 (wfb::abbreviation cema "CEMA" );; line 125387 (wfb::abbreviation cepgl "CEPGL" );; line 125391 (wfb::abbreviation cern "CERN" );; line 125395 (wfb::abbreviation cg "CG" );; line 125399 (wfb::abbreviation cis "CIS" );; line 125402 (wfb::abbreviation cmea "CMEA" );; line 125405 (wfb::abbreviation cocom "COCOM" );; line 125409 (wfb::abbreviation comecon "Comecon" );; line 125412 (wfb::abbreviation cp "CP" );; line 125416 (wfb::abbreviation csce "CSCE" );; line 125419 (wfb::abbreviation dc "DC" );; line 125425 (wfb::abbreviation eadb "EADB" );; line 125431 (wfb::abbreviation ebrd "EBRD" );; line 125434 (wfb::abbreviation ec "EC" );; line 125437 (wfb::abbreviation eca "ECA" );; line 125440 (wfb::abbreviation ecafe "ECAFE" );; line 125443 (wfb::abbreviation ece "ECE" );; line 125447 (wfb::abbreviation ecla "ECLA" );; line 125450 (wfb::abbreviation eclac "ECLAC" );; line 125454 (wfb::abbreviation eco "ECO" );; line 125457 (wfb::abbreviation ecosoc "ECOSOC" );; line 125460 (wfb::abbreviation ecowas "ECOWAS" );; line 125463 (wfb::abbreviation ecsc "ECSC" );; line 125466 (wfb::abbreviation ecwa "ECWA" );; line 125469 (wfb::abbreviation eec "EEC" );; line 125473 (wfb::abbreviation efta "EFTA" );; line 125476 (wfb::abbreviation eib "EIB" );; line 125479 (wfb::abbreviation entente "Entente" );; line 125482 (wfb::abbreviation esa "ESA" );; line 125485 (wfb::abbreviation escap "ESCAP" );; line 125488 (wfb::abbreviation escwa "ESCWA" );; line 125491 (wfb::abbreviation eu "EU" );; line 125494 (wfb::abbreviation euratom "Euratom" );; line 125497 (wfb::abbreviation fao "FAO" );; line 125503 (wfb::abbreviation fls "FLS" );; line 125506 (wfb::abbreviation fz "FZ" );; line 125509 (wfb::abbreviation g-2 "G-2" );; line 125515 (wfb::abbreviation g-3 "G-3" );; line 125518 (wfb::abbreviation g-5 "G-5" );; line 125521 (wfb::abbreviation g-6 "G-6" );; line 125524 (wfb::abbreviation g-7 "G-7" );; line 125527 (wfb::abbreviation g-8 "G-8" );; line 125530 (wfb::abbreviation g-9 "G-9" );; line 125533 (wfb::abbreviation g-10 "G-10" );; line 125536 (wfb::abbreviation g-11 "G-11" );; line 125539 (wfb::abbreviation g-15 "G-15" );; line 125542 (wfb::abbreviation g-19 "G-19" );; line 125545 (wfb::abbreviation g-24 "G-24" );; line 125548 (wfb::abbreviation g-30 "G-30" );; line 125551 (wfb::abbreviation g-33 "G-33" );; line 125554 (wfb::abbreviation g-77 "G-77" );; line 125557 (wfb::abbreviation gatt "GATT" );; line 125560 (wfb::abbreviation gcc "GCC" );; line 125563 (wfb::abbreviation habitat "Habitat" );; line 125569 (wfb::abbreviation iadb "IADB" );; line 125575 (wfb::abbreviation iaea "IAEA" );; line 125578 (wfb::abbreviation ibec "IBEC" );; line 125581 (wfb::abbreviation ibrd "IBRD" );; line 125584 (wfb::abbreviation icao "ICAO" );; line 125587 (wfb::abbreviation icc "ICC" );; line 125590 (wfb::abbreviation icem "ICEM" );; line 125593 (wfb::abbreviation icftu "ICFTU" );; line 125597 (wfb::abbreviation icj "ICJ" );; line 125600 (wfb::abbreviation icm "ICM" );; line 125603 (wfb::abbreviation icrc "ICRC" );; line 125607 (wfb::abbreviation icrm "ICRM" );; line 125610 (wfb::abbreviation ida "IDA" );; line 125613 (wfb::abbreviation idb "IDB" );; line 125616 (wfb::abbreviation iea "IEA" );; line 125619 (wfb::abbreviation ifad "IFAD" );; line 125622 (wfb::abbreviation ifc "IFC" );; line 125625 (wfb::abbreviation ifctu "IFCTU" );; line 125628 (wfb::abbreviation ifrcs "IFRCS" );; line 125631 (wfb::abbreviation igadd "IGADD" );; line 125635 (wfb::abbreviation iib "IIB" );; line 125638 (wfb::abbreviation ilo "ILO" );; line 125641 (wfb::abbreviation imco "IMCO" );; line 125644 (wfb::abbreviation imf "IMF" );; line 125648 (wfb::abbreviation imo "IMO" );; line 125651 (wfb::abbreviation inmarsat "INMARSAT" );; line 125654 (wfb::abbreviation intelsat "INTELSAT" );; line 125657 (wfb::abbreviation interpol "INTERPOL" );; line 125660 (wfb::abbreviation ioc "IOC" );; line 125663 (wfb::abbreviation iom "IOM" );; line 125666 (wfb::abbreviation iso "ISO" );; line 125669 (wfb::abbreviation itu "ITU" );; line 125672 (wfb::abbreviation laes "LAES" );; line 125678 (wfb::abbreviation laia "LAIA" );; line 125681 (wfb::abbreviation las "LAS" );; line 125684 (wfb::abbreviation ldc "LDC" );; line 125687 (wfb::abbreviation lldc "LLDC" );; line 125690 (wfb::abbreviation lorcs "LORCS" );; line 125693 (wfb::abbreviation mercosur "MERCOSUR" );; line 125699 (wfb::abbreviation minurso "MINURSO" );; line 125702 (wfb::abbreviation mtcr "MTCR" );; line 125705 (wfb::abbreviation nacc "NACC" );; line 125711 (wfb::abbreviation nam "NAM" );; line 125714 (wfb::abbreviation nato "NATO" );; line 125717 (wfb::abbreviation nc "NC" );; line 125720 (wfb::abbreviation nea "NEA" );; line 125723 (wfb::abbreviation nib "NIB" );; line 125726 (wfb::abbreviation nic "NIC" );; line 125729 (wfb::abbreviation nie "NIE" );; line 125733 (wfb::abbreviation nsg "NSG" );; line 125736 (wfb::abbreviation oapec "OAPEC" );; line 125742 (wfb::abbreviation oas "OAS" );; line 125745 (wfb::abbreviation oau "OAU" );; line 125748 (wfb::abbreviation oecd "OECD" );; line 125751 (wfb::abbreviation oecs "OECS" );; line 125754 (wfb::abbreviation oic "OIC" );; line 125757 (wfb::abbreviation onumoz "ONUMOZ" );; line 125760 (wfb::abbreviation onusal "ONUSAL" );; line 125763 (wfb::abbreviation opanal "OPANAL" );; line 125766 (wfb::abbreviation opec "OPEC" );; line 125771 (wfb::abbreviation osce "OSCE" );; line 125774 (wfb::abbreviation pca "PCA" );; line 125780 (wfb::abbreviation pfp "PFP" );; line 125783 (wfb::abbreviation rg "RG" );; line 125789 (wfb::abbreviation saarc "SAARC" );; line 125795 (wfb::abbreviation sacu "SACU" );; line 125798 (wfb::abbreviation sadc "SADC" );; line 125801 (wfb::abbreviation sadcc "SADCC" );; line 125804 (wfb::abbreviation sela "SELA" );; line 125807 (wfb::abbreviation sparteca "SPARTECA" );; line 125811 (wfb::abbreviation spc "SPC" );; line 125815 (wfb::abbreviation spf "SPF" );; line 125818 (wfb::abbreviation udeac "UDEAC" );; line 125824 (wfb::abbreviation un "UN" );; line 125828 (wfb::abbreviation unavem_ii "UNAVEM II" );; line 125831 (wfb::abbreviation unamir "UNAMIR" );; line 125834 (wfb::abbreviation unctad "UNCTAD" );; line 125837 (wfb::abbreviation undof "UNDOF" );; line 125840 (wfb::abbreviation undp "UNDP" );; line 125843 (wfb::abbreviation unep "UNEP" );; line 125846 (wfb::abbreviation unesco "UNESCO" );; line 125849 (wfb::abbreviation unficyp "UNFICYP" );; line 125853 (wfb::abbreviation unfpa "UNFPA" );; line 125856 (wfb::abbreviation unhcr "UNHCR" );; line 125860 (wfb::abbreviation unicef "UNICEF" );; line 125863 (wfb::abbreviation unido "UNIDO" );; line 125866 (wfb::abbreviation unifil "UNIFIL" );; line 125869 (wfb::abbreviation unikom "UNIKOM" );; line 125872 (wfb::abbreviation unitar "UNITAR" );; line 125875 (wfb::abbreviation unmih "UNMIH" );; line 125878 (wfb::abbreviation unmogip "UNMOGIP" );; line 125881 (wfb::abbreviation unomig "UNOMIG" );; line 125884 (wfb::abbreviation unomil "UNOMIL" );; line 125887 (wfb::abbreviation unomoz "UNOMOZ" );; line 125890 (wfb::abbreviation unomur "UNOMUR" );; line 125893 (wfb::abbreviation unosom "UNOSOM" );; line 125896 (wfb::abbreviation unprofor "UNPROFOR" );; line 125899 (wfb::abbreviation unrisd "UNRISD" );; line 125902 (wfb::abbreviation unrwa "UNRWA" );; line 125905 (wfb::abbreviation untac "UNTAC" );; line 125909 (wfb::abbreviation untso "UNTSO" );; line 125912 (wfb::abbreviation unu "UNU" );; line 125915 (wfb::abbreviation upu "UPU" );; line 125918 (wfb::abbreviation ussr/ee "USSR/EE" );; line 125921 (wfb::abbreviation wadb "WADB" );; line 125927 (wfb::abbreviation wcl "WCL" );; line 125930 (wfb::abbreviation weu "WEU" );; line 125933 (wfb::abbreviation wfc "WFC" );; line 125936 (wfb::abbreviation wfp "WFP" );; line 125939 (wfb::abbreviation wftu "WFTU" );; line 125942 (wfb::abbreviation who "WHO" );; line 125945 (wfb::abbreviation wipo "WIPO" );; line 125948 (wfb::abbreviation wmo "WMO" );; line 125951 (wfb::abbreviation wp "WP" );; line 125954 (wfb::abbreviation wto "WTO" );; line 125958 (wfb::abbreviation wtoo "WToO" );; line 125961 (wfb::abbreviation wtro "WTrO" );; line 125964 (wfb::abbreviation zc "ZC" );; line 125971 (wfb::documentation international_organizations_and_groups "Note: The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY) has dissolved and ceases to exist. None of the successor states of the former Yugoslavia, including Serbia and Montenegro, have been permitted to participate solely on the basis of the membership of the former Yugoslavia in the United Nations General Assembly and Economic and Social Council and their subsidiary bodies and in various United Nations specialized agencies. The United Nations, however, permits the seat and nameplate of the SFRY to remain, permits the SFRY mission to continue to function, and continues to fly the flag of the former Yugoslavia. For a variety of reasons, a number of other organizations have not yet taken action with regard to the membership of the former Yugoslavia. The World Factbook therefore continues to list Yugoslavia under international organizations where the SFRY seat remains or where no action has yet been taken." );; line 125976 (wfb::address |African, Caribbean, and Pacific Countries (ACP)| "Avenue Georges Henri 451, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium" );; line 125998 (wfb::telephone |African, Caribbean, and Pacific Countries (ACP)| "[32] (2) 733 96 00" );; line 126000 (wfb::fax |African, Caribbean, and Pacific Countries (ACP)| "[32] (2) 735 55 73" );; line 126002 (wfb::established |African, Caribbean, and Pacific Countries (ACP)| "1 April 1976" );; line 126004 (wfb::aim |African, Caribbean, and Pacific Countries (ACP)| "to manage their preferential economic and aid relationship with the EU" );; line 126006 (wfb::members |African, Caribbean, and Pacific Countries (ACP)| "(70) Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, The Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Benin, Botswana, Burkina, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gabon, The Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Kenya, Kiribati, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tuvalu, Uganda, Vanuatu, Western Samoa, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe" );; line 126009 (wfb::note |African Development Bank (AfDB)| "also known as Banque Africaine de Developpement (BAD)" );; line 126025 (wfb::address |African Development Bank (AfDB)| "01 BP 1387, Abidjan 01, Cote d’Ivoire" );; line 126027 (wfb::telephone |African Development Bank (AfDB)| "[225] 20 44 44" );; line 126029 (wfb::fax |African Development Bank (AfDB)| "[225] 21 77 53, 20 49 01, 20 49 09" );; line 126031 (wfb::established |African Development Bank (AfDB)| "4 August 1963" );; line 126033 (wfb::aim |African Development Bank (AfDB)| "to promote economic and social development" );; line 126035 (wfb::regional_members |African Development Bank (AfDB)| "(51) Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Djibouti, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Gabon, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe" );; line 126037 (wfb::nonregional_members |African Development Bank (AfDB)| "(26) Argentina, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, India, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Kuwait, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, UK, US, Yugoslavia" );; line 126045 (wfb::see |Agence de Cooperation Culturelle et Technique (ACCT)| "Agency for Cultural and Technical Cooperation (ACCT)" );; line 126054 (wfb::note |Agency for Cultural and Technical Cooperation (ACCT)| "acronym from Agence de Cooperation Culturelle et Technique" );; line 126060 (wfb::address |Agency for Cultural and Technical Cooperation (ACCT)| "13 quai Andre-Citroen, F-75015 Paris, France" );; line 126062 (wfb::telephone |Agency for Cultural and Technical Cooperation (ACCT)| "[33] (1) 44 37 33 00" );; line 126064 (wfb::fax |Agency for Cultural and Technical Cooperation (ACCT)| "[33] (1) 45 79 14 98" );; line 126066 (wfb::established |Agency for Cultural and Technical Cooperation (ACCT)| "21 March 1970" );; line 126068 (wfb::aim |Agency for Cultural and Technical Cooperation (ACCT)| "to promote cultural and technical cooperation among French-speaking countries" );; line 126070 (wfb::members |Agency for Cultural and Technical Cooperation (ACCT)| "(37) Belgium, Benin, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Djibouti, Dominica, Equatorial Guinea, France, Gabon, Guinea, Haiti, Laos, Lebanon, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Mali, Mauritius, Monaco, Niger, Romania, Rwanda, Senegal, Seychelles, Togo, Tunisia, Vanuatu, Vietnam, Zaire" );; line 126073 (wfb::associate_members |Agency for Cultural and Technical Cooperation (ACCT)| "(5) Egypt, Guinea-Bissau, Mauritania, Morocco, Saint Lucia" );; line 126079 (wfb::participating_governments |Agency for Cultural and Technical Cooperation (ACCT)| "(2) New Brunswick (Canada), Quebec (Canada)" );; line 126081 (wfb::note |Agency for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean (OPANAL)| "acronym from Organismo para la Proscripcion de las Armas Nucleares en la America Latina y el Caribe (OPANAL)" );; line 126088 (wfb::address |Agency for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean (OPANAL)| "Temistocles 78, Col Polanco, CP 011560, Mexico City 5 DF, Mexico" );; line 126091 (wfb::telephone |Agency for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean (OPANAL)| "[52] (5) 280 4923, 280 5064" );; line 126093 (wfb::fax |Agency for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean (OPANAL)| "[52] (5) 280 2965" );; line 126095 (wfb::established |Agency for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean (OPANAL)| "14 February 1967" );; line 126097 (wfb::aim |Agency for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean (OPANAL)| "to encourage the peaceful uses of atomic energy and prohibit nuclear weapons" );; line 126099 (wfb::members |Agency for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean (OPANAL)| "(28) Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, The Bahamas, Barbados, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay, Venezuela" );; line 126102 (wfb::address |Andean Group (AG)| "c\o JUNAC, Paseo de la Republica 3895, Casilla 18-1177, Lima 27, Peru" );; line 126112 (wfb::telephone |Andean Group (AG)| "[51] (14) 414212" );; line 126115 (wfb::fax |Andean Group (AG)| "[51] (14) 420911" );; line 126117 (wfb::established |Andean Group (AG)| "26 May 1969" );; line 126119 (wfb::effective |Andean Group (AG)| "16 October 1969" );; line 126121 (wfb::aim |Andean Group (AG)| "to promote harmonious development through economic integration" );; line 126123 (wfb::members |Andean Group (AG)| "(5) Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela" );; line 126125 (wfb::associate_member |Andean Group (AG)| "(1) Panama" );; line 126127 (wfb::observers |Andean Group (AG)| "(26) Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Costa Rica, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, India, Israel, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Netherlands, Paraguay, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, US, Uruguay, Yugoslavia" );; line 126129 (wfb::note |Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa (ABEDA)| "also known as Banque Arabe de Developpement Economique en Afrique (BADEA)" );; line 126138 (wfb::address |Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa (ABEDA)| "Sayed Abdel Rahman El Mahdi Avenue, P.O. Box 2640, Khartoum, Sudan" );; line 126141 (wfb::telephone |Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa (ABEDA)| "[249] (11) 73646, 73498, 73709" );; line 126144 (wfb::fax |Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa (ABEDA)| "[249] (11) 70600" );; line 126146 (wfb::established |Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa (ABEDA)| "18 February 1974" );; line 126148 (wfb::effective |Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa (ABEDA)| "16 September 1974" );; line 126150 (wfb::aim |Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa (ABEDA)| "to promote economic development" );; line 126152 (wfb::members |Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa (ABEDA)| "(17 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization) Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, UAE, Palestine Liberation Organization; note - these are all the members of the Arab League except for Comoros, Djibouti, Somalia, and Yemen" );; line 126154 (wfb::established |Arab Cooperation Council (ACC)| "16 February 1989" );; line 126164 (wfb::aim |Arab Cooperation Council (ACC)| "to promote economic cooperation and integration, possibly leading to an Arab Common Market" );; line 126166 (wfb::members |Arab Cooperation Council (ACC)| "(4) Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Yemen" );; line 126169 (wfb::address |Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development (AFESD)| "P.O. Box 21923, Safat 13080, Kuwait" );; line 126175 (wfb::telephone |Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development (AFESD)| "[965] 2451580, 2451588" );; line 126177 (wfb::fax |Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development (AFESD)| "[965] 2416758" );; line 126179 (wfb::established |Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development (AFESD)| "16 May 1968" );; line 126181 (wfb::aim |Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development (AFESD)| "to promote economic and social development" );; line 126183 (wfb::members |Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development (AFESD)| "(20 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization) Algeria, Bahrain, Djibouti, Egypt (suspended from 1979 to 1988), Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, UAE, Yemen, Palestine Liberation Organization" );; line 126185 (wfb::note |Arab League (AL)| "also known as League of Arab States (LAS)" );; line 126194 (wfb::address |Arab League (AL)| "Midan Attahrir, Tahrir Square, P.O. Box 11642, Cairo, Egypt" );; line 126196 (wfb::telephone |Arab League (AL)| "[20] (2) 750 511" );; line 126198 (wfb::fax |Arab League (AL)| "[20] (2) 740 331" );; line 126200 (wfb::established |Arab League (AL)| "22 March 1945" );; line 126202 (wfb::aim |Arab League (AL)| "to promote economic, social, political, and military cooperation" );; line 126204 (wfb::members |Arab League (AL)| "(21 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization) Algeria, Bahrain, Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, UAE, Yemen, Palestine Liberation Organization" );; line 126206 (wfb::address |Arab Maghreb Union (AMU)| "27 avenue Okba Agdal, Rabat, Morocco" );; line 126215 (wfb::established |Arab Maghreb Union (AMU)| "17 February 1989" );; line 126217 (wfb::aim |Arab Maghreb Union (AMU)| "to promote cooperation and integration among the Arab states of northern Africa" );; line 126219 (wfb::members |Arab Maghreb Union (AMU)| "(5) Algeria, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Tunisia" );; line 126222 (wfb::address |Arab Monetary Fund (AMF)| "P.O. Box 2818, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates" );; line 126228 (wfb::telephone |Arab Monetary Fund (AMF)| "[971] (2) 215000" );; line 126230 (wfb::fax |Arab Monetary Fund (AMF)| "[971] (2) 326454" );; line 126232 (wfb::established |Arab Monetary Fund (AMF)| "27 April 1976" );; line 126234 (wfb::effective |Arab Monetary Fund (AMF)| "2 February 1977" );; line 126236 (wfb::aim |Arab Monetary Fund (AMF)| "to promote Arab cooperation, development, and integration in monetary and economic affairs" );; line 126238 (wfb::members |Arab Monetary Fund (AMF)| "(19 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization) Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, UAE, Yemen, Palestine Liberation Organization" );; line 126241 (wfb::address |Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)| "Ministry of Trade and Industry, Public Relations, 8 Shenton Way No 48-01, Treasury Building, Singapore, Singapore" );; line 126250 (wfb::established |Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)| "7 November 1989" );; line 126253 (wfb::aim |Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)| "to promote trade and investment in the Pacific basin" );; line 126255 (wfb::members |Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)| "(18) all ASEAN members (Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand) plus Australia, Canada, Chile, China, Hong Kong, Japan, South Korea, Mexico, NZ, Papua New Guinea, Taiwan, US" );; line 126257 (wfb::observers |Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)| "(3) Association of Southeast Asian Nations, Pacific Economic Cooperation Conference, South Pacific Forum" );; line 126261 (wfb::address |Asian Development Bank (AsDB)| "6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong, METRO Manila, Philippines" );; line 126268 (wfb::telephone |Asian Development Bank (AsDB)| "[63] (2) 711 3851" );; line 126270 (wfb::fax |Asian Development Bank (AsDB)| "[63] (2) 741 7961, 631 6816" );; line 126272 (wfb::established |Asian Development Bank (AsDB)| "19 December 1966" );; line 126274 (wfb::aim |Asian Development Bank (AsDB)| "to promote regional economic cooperation" );; line 126276 (wfb::regional_members |Asian Development Bank (AsDB)| "(40) Afghanistan, Australia, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Burma, Cambodia, China, Cook Islands, Fiji, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kiribati, South Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Malaysia, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Mongolia, Nauru, Nepal, NZ, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Tonga, Tuvalu, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Vietnam, Western Samoa" );; line 126278 (wfb::nonregional_members |Asian Development Bank (AsDB)| "(16) Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, UK, US" );; line 126285 (wfb::see |Asociacion Latinoamericana de Integracion (ALADI)| "Latin American Integration Association (LAIA)" );; line 126292 (wfb::address |Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)| "Jalan Sisingamangaraja 70A, Kebayoran Baru, P.O. Box 2072, Jakarta 12110, Indonesia" );; line 126298 (wfb::telephone |Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)| "[62] (21) 71 22 72, 71 19 88" );; line 126301 (wfb::fax |Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)| "[62] (21) 739 82 34" );; line 126303 (wfb::established |Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)| "9 August 1967" );; line 126305 (wfb::aim |Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)| "to encourage regional economic, social, and cultural cooperation among the non-Communist countries of Southeast Asia" );; line 126307 (wfb::members |Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)| "(6) Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand" );; line 126310 (wfb::observers |Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)| "(3) Laos, Papua New Guinea, Vietnam" );; line 126312 (wfb::established australia_group "1984" );; line 126318 (wfb::aim australia_group "to consult on and coordinate export controls related to chemical and biological weapons" );; line 126320 (wfb::members australia_group "(28) Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, US" );; line 126323 (wfb::observer australia_group "(1) Singapore" );; line 126328 (wfb::address |Australia-New Zealand-United States Security Treaty (ANZUS)| "c/o Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Bag 8, Queen Victoria Terrace, Canberra ACT 2600, Australia" );; line 126334 (wfb::telephone |Australia-New Zealand-United States Security Treaty (ANZUS)| "[61] (62) 61 91 11" );; line 126337 (wfb::fax |Australia-New Zealand-United States Security Treaty (ANZUS)| "[61] (62) 61 21 51" );; line 126339 (wfb::established |Australia-New Zealand-United States Security Treaty (ANZUS)| "1 September 1951" );; line 126341 (wfb::effective |Australia-New Zealand-United States Security Treaty (ANZUS)| "29 April 1952" );; line 126343 (wfb::aim |Australia-New Zealand-United States Security Treaty (ANZUS)| "to implement a trilateral mutual security agreement, although the US suspended security obligations to NZ on 11 August 1986" );; line 126345 (wfb::members |Australia-New Zealand-United States Security Treaty (ANZUS)| "(3) Australia, NZ, US" );; line 126348 (wfb::see |Banco Centroamericano de Integracion Economico (BCIE)| "Central American Bank for Economic Integration (BCIE)" );; line 126354 (wfb::see |Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (BID)| "Inter-American Development Bank (IADB)" );; line 126360 (wfb::address |Bank for International Settlements (BIS)| "Centralbahnplatz 2, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland" );; line 126366 (wfb::telephone |Bank for International Settlements (BIS)| "[41] (61) 280 80 80" );; line 126368 (wfb::fax |Bank for International Settlements (BIS)| "[41] (61) 280 91 00" );; line 126370 (wfb::established |Bank for International Settlements (BIS)| "20 January 1930" );; line 126372 (wfb::effective |Bank for International Settlements (BIS)| "17 March 1930" );; line 126374 (wfb::aim |Bank for International Settlements (BIS)| "to promote cooperation among central banks in international financial settlements" );; line 126376 (wfb::members |Bank for International Settlements (BIS)| "(33) Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, UK, US, Yugoslavia" );; line 126379 (wfb::see |Banque Africaine de Developpement (BAD)| "African Development Bank (AfDB)" );; line 126389 (wfb::see |Banque Arabe de Developpement Economique en Afrique (BADEA)| "Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa (ABEDA)" );; line 126395 (wfb::see |Banque de Developpement des Etats de l'Afrique Centrale (BDEAC)| "Central African States Development Bank (BDEAC)" );; line 126401 (wfb::see |Banque Ouest-Africaine de Developpement (BOAD)| "West African Development Bank (WADB)" );; line 126407 (wfb::note |Benelux Economic Union (Benelux)| "acronym from Belgium, Netherlands, and Luxembourg" );; line 126413 (wfb::address |Benelux Economic Union (Benelux)| "Rue de la Regence 39, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium" );; line 126415 (wfb::telephone |Benelux Economic Union (Benelux)| "[32] (2) 519 38 11" );; line 126417 (wfb::fax |Benelux Economic Union (Benelux)| "[32] (2) 513 42 06" );; line 126419 (wfb::established |Benelux Economic Union (Benelux)| "3 February 1958" );; line 126421 (wfb::effective |Benelux Economic Union (Benelux)| "1 November 1960" );; line 126423 (wfb::aim |Benelux Economic Union (Benelux)| "to develop closer economic cooperation and integration" );; line 126425 (wfb::members |Benelux Economic Union (Benelux)| "(3) Belgium, Luxembourg, Netherlands" );; line 126427 (wfb::note big_seven "membership is the same as the Group of 7" );; line 126433 (wfb::established big_seven "NA 1975" );; line 126435 (wfb::aim big_seven "to discuss and coordinate major economic policies" );; line 126437 (wfb::members big_seven "(7) Big Six (Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, UK) plus the US" );; line 126439 (wfb::note big_six "not to be confused with the Group of 6" );; line 126446 (wfb::established big_six "NA 1967" );; line 126448 (wfb::aim big_six "to foster economic cooperation" );; line 126450 (wfb::members big_six "(6) Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, UK" );; line 126452 (wfb::established |Black Sea Economic Cooperation Zone (BSEC)| "25 June 1992" );; line 126458 (wfb::aim |Black Sea Economic Cooperation Zone (BSEC)| "to enhance regional stability through economic cooperation" );; line 126460 (wfb::members |Black Sea Economic Cooperation Zone (BSEC)| "(11) Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Georgia, Greece, Moldova, Romania, Russia, Turkey, Ukraine" );; line 126462 (wfb::observer |Black Sea Economic Cooperation Zone (BSEC)| "(1) Poland" );; line 126465 (wfb::address |Caribbean Community and Common Market (CARICOM)| "CARICOM, P.O. Box 10827, Bank of Guyana Building, 3rd floor, Avenue of the Republic, Georgetown, Guyana" );; line 126471 (wfb::telephone |Caribbean Community and Common Market (CARICOM)| "[592] (2) 69281 through 69289" );; line 126474 (wfb::fax |Caribbean Community and Common Market (CARICOM)| "[592] (2) 66091, 67816, 57341" );; line 126476 (wfb::established |Caribbean Community and Common Market (CARICOM)| "4 July 1973" );; line 126478 (wfb::effective |Caribbean Community and Common Market (CARICOM)| "1 August 1973" );; line 126480 (wfb::aim |Caribbean Community and Common Market (CARICOM)| "to promote economic integration and development, especially among the less developed countries" );; line 126482 (wfb::members |Caribbean Community and Common Market (CARICOM)| "(14) Antigua and Barbuda, The Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Montserrat, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago" );; line 126485 (wfb::associate_members |Caribbean Community and Common Market (CARICOM)| "(2) British Virgin Islands, Turks and Caicos Islands" );; line 126489 (wfb::observers |Caribbean Community and Common Market (CARICOM)| "(9) Anguilla, Bermuda, Cayman Islands, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Mexico, Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, Venezuela" );; line 126491 (wfb::address |Caribbean Development Bank (CDB)| "P.O. Box 408, Wildey, St. Michael, Barbados" );; line 126498 (wfb::telephone |Caribbean Development Bank (CDB)| "[1] (809) 431 1600" );; line 126500 (wfb::fax |Caribbean Development Bank (CDB)| "[1] (809) 426 7269" );; line 126502 (wfb::established |Caribbean Development Bank (CDB)| "18 October 1969" );; line 126504 (wfb::effective |Caribbean Development Bank (CDB)| "26 January 1970" );; line 126506 (wfb::aim |Caribbean Development Bank (CDB)| "to promote economic development and cooperation" );; line 126508 (wfb::regional_members |Caribbean Development Bank (CDB)| "(20) Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, The Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Colombia, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Mexico, Montserrat, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, Venezuela" );; line 126510 (wfb::nonregional_members |Caribbean Development Bank (CDB)| "(5) Canada, France, Germany, Italy, UK" );; line 126516 (wfb::see cartagena_group "Group of 11" );; line 126522 (wfb::note |Central African Customs and Economic Union (UDEAC)| "acronym from Union Douaniere et Economique de l'Afrique Centrale" );; line 126528 (wfb::address |Central African Customs and Economic Union (UDEAC)| "BP 969, Bangui, Central African Republic" );; line 126530 (wfb::telephone |Central African Customs and Economic Union (UDEAC)| "[236] 61 09 22, 61 45 77" );; line 126532 (wfb::fax |Central African Customs and Economic Union (UDEAC)| "[236] 61 21 35" );; line 126534 (wfb::established |Central African Customs and Economic Union (UDEAC)| "8 December 1964" );; line 126536 (wfb::effective |Central African Customs and Economic Union (UDEAC)| "1 January 1966" );; line 126538 (wfb::aim |Central African Customs and Economic Union (UDEAC)| "to promote the establishment of a Central African Common Market" );; line 126540 (wfb::members |Central African Customs and Economic Union (UDEAC)| "(6) Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon" );; line 126542 (wfb::note |Central African States Development Bank (BDEAC)| "acronym from Banque de Developpement des Etats de l'Afrique Centrale" );; line 126549 (wfb::address |Central African States Development Bank (BDEAC)| "BDEAC, Place du Gouvernement, BP 1177, Brazzaville, Congo" );; line 126552 (wfb::telephone |Central African States Development Bank (BDEAC)| "[242] 83 01 26, 83 01 49, 81 02 12, 81 02 21" );; line 126554 (wfb::fax |Central African States Development Bank (BDEAC)| "[242] 83 02 66" );; line 126556 (wfb::established |Central African States Development Bank (BDEAC)| "3 December 1975" );; line 126558 (wfb::aim |Central African States Development Bank (BDEAC)| "to provide loans for economic development" );; line 126560 (wfb::members |Central African States Development Bank (BDEAC)| "(9) Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, Equatorial Guinea, France, Gabon, Germany, Kuwait" );; line 126562 (wfb::note |Central American Bank for Economic Integration (BCIE)| "acronym from Banco Centroamericano de Integracion Economico" );; line 126569 (wfb::address |Central American Bank for Economic Integration (BCIE)| "Apartado Postal 772, Tegucigalpa DC, Honduras" );; line 126571 (wfb::telephone |Central American Bank for Economic Integration (BCIE)| "[504] 372230 through 372239, 371184 through 371188" );; line 126573 (wfb::fax |Central American Bank for Economic Integration (BCIE)| "[504] 370793" );; line 126575 (wfb::established |Central American Bank for Economic Integration (BCIE)| "13 December 1960" );; line 126577 (wfb::aim |Central American Bank for Economic Integration (BCIE)| "to promote economic integration and development" );; line 126579 (wfb::members |Central American Bank for Economic Integration (BCIE)| "(5) Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua" );; line 126581 (wfb::nonregional_members |Central American Bank for Economic Integration (BCIE)| "(4) Argentina, Mexico, Taiwan, Venezuela" );; line 126583 (wfb::address |Central American Common Market (CACM)| "4A Avda 10-25, Zona 14, Apdo Postal 1237, 01901 Guatemala City, Guatemala" );; line 126589 (wfb::telephone |Central American Common Market (CACM)| "[502] (2) 682151" );; line 126592 (wfb::fax |Central American Common Market (CACM)| "[502] (2) 681071" );; line 126594 (wfb::established |Central American Common Market (CACM)| "13 December 1960" );; line 126596 (wfb::effective |Central American Common Market (CACM)| "3 June 1961" );; line 126598 (wfb::aim |Central American Common Market (CACM)| "to promote establishment of a Central American Common Market" );; line 126600 (wfb::members |Central American Common Market (CACM)| "(5) Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua" );; line 126602 (wfb::note |Central European Initiative (CEI)| "evolved from the Hexagonal Group" );; line 126608 (wfb::address |Central European Initiative (CEI)| "Chairman of the National Coordinators, Ministry for Foreign Affairs, Bem rakpart 47, Budapest II, Hungary" );; line 126610 (wfb::established |Central European Initiative (CEI)| "27 July 1991" );; line 126613 (wfb::aim |Central European Initiative (CEI)| "to form an economic and political cooperation group for the region between the Adriatic and the Baltic Seas" );; line 126615 (wfb::members |Central European Initiative (CEI)| "(10) Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Italy, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia" );; line 126618 (wfb::associate_members |Central European Initiative (CEI)| "(4) Bulgaria, Belarus, Romania, Ukraine" );; line 126622 (wfb::address |Colombo Plan (CP)| "Colombo Plan Bureau, P.O. Box 596, 12 Melbourne Avenue, Colombo 4, Sri Lanka" );; line 126637 (wfb::telephone |Colombo Plan (CP)| "[94] (1) 581813, 581853, 581754" );; line 126640 (wfb::fax |Colombo Plan (CP)| "[94] (1) 580721" );; line 126642 (wfb::established |Colombo Plan (CP)| "1 July 1951" );; line 126644 (wfb::aim |Colombo Plan (CP)| "to promote economic and social development in Asia and the Pacific" );; line 126646 (wfb::members |Colombo Plan (CP)| "(24) Afghanistan, Australia, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Burma, Cambodia, Fiji, India, Indonesia, Iran, Japan, South Korea, Laos, Malaysia, Maldives, Nepal, NZ, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Thailand, US" );; line 126649 (wfb::note commission_for_social_development "formerly Social Commission" );; line 126658 (wfb::address commission_for_social_development "c/o ECOSOC/DPCSD, United Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA" );; line 126660 (wfb::telephone commission_for_social_development "[1] (212) 963 2320" );; line 126662 (wfb::fax commission_for_social_development "[1] (212) 963 5935" );; line 126664 (wfb::established commission_for_social_development "21 June 1946 as the Social Commission, renamed 29 July 1966" );; line 126666 (wfb::aim commission_for_social_development "to deal, as part of the Economic and Social Council, with social development programs of UN" );; line 126668 (wfb::members commission_for_social_development "(32) selected on a rotating basis from all regions" );; line 126671 (wfb::established commission_on_crime_prevention_and_criminal_justice "6 February 1992" );; line 126677 (wfb::aim commission_on_crime_prevention_and_criminal_justice "to provide guidance, as part of the Economic and Social Council, on crime prevention and criminal justice" );; line 126679 (wfb::members commission_on_crime_prevention_and_criminal_justice "(40) selected on a rotating basis from all regions" );; line 126682 (wfb::address commission_on_human_rights "c/o United Nationas Office, Centre for Human Rights, Palais des Nations, CH-1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland" );; line 126688 (wfb::telephone commission_on_human_rights "[41] (22) 917 12 34, 907 12 34" );; line 126691 (wfb::fax commission_on_human_rights "[41] (22) 733 32 46" );; line 126693 (wfb::established commission_on_human_rights "18 February 1946" );; line 126695 (wfb::aim commission_on_human_rights "to assist, as part of the Economic and Social Council, with human rights programs of UN" );; line 126697 (wfb::members commission_on_human_rights "(53) selected on a rotating basis from all regions" );; line 126700 (wfb::address |Commission on Human Settlements (Habitat)| "c/o HABITAT, P.O. Box 30030, Nairobi, Kenya" );; line 126706 (wfb::telephone |Commission on Human Settlements (Habitat)| "[254] (2) 621234" );; line 126708 (wfb::fax |Commission on Human Settlements (Habitat)| "[254] (2) 226473, 226479" );; line 126710 (wfb::established |Commission on Human Settlements (Habitat)| "12 October 1978" );; line 126712 (wfb::aim |Commission on Human Settlements (Habitat)| "to assist, as part of the Economic and Social Council, in solving human settlement problems of UN" );; line 126714 (wfb::members |Commission on Human Settlements (Habitat)| "(58) selected on a rotating basis from all regions" );; line 126717 (wfb::address commission_on_narcotic_drugs "c/o International Drug Control Programme, Treaty Implementation and Legal Affairs Division, P.O. Box 500, A-1400 Vienna, Austria" );; line 126723 (wfb::telephone commission_on_narcotic_drugs "[43] (1) 211 310" );; line 126726 (wfb::fax commission_on_narcotic_drugs "[43] (1) 230 7002" );; line 126728 (wfb::established commission_on_narcotic_drugs "16 February 1946" );; line 126730 (wfb::aim commission_on_narcotic_drugs "Economic and Social Council organization dealing with illicit drugs programs of UN" );; line 126732 (wfb::members commission_on_narcotic_drugs "(53) selected on a rotating basis from all regions with emphasis on producing and processing countries" );; line 126735 (wfb::established commission_on_science_and_technology_for_development "30 April 1992" );; line 126742 (wfb::aim commission_on_science_and_technology_for_development "to promote international cooperation, as part of the Economic and Social Council, in the field of science and technology" );; line 126744 (wfb::members commission_on_science_and_technology_for_development "(53) selected on a rotating basis from all regions" );; line 126747 (wfb::address commission_on_the_status_of_women "c/o Economic and Social Council, Affairs Division, Department for Policy Coordination and Sustainable Development, Room S-2963, United Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA" );; line 126753 (wfb::established commission_on_the_status_of_women "21 June 1946" );; line 126757 (wfb::aim commission_on_the_status_of_women "to deal, as part of the Economic and Social Council, with women's rights goals of UN" );; line 126759 (wfb::members commission_on_the_status_of_women "(45) selected on a rotating basis from all regions" );; line 126762 (wfb::established commission_on_sustainable_development "12 February 1993" );; line 126768 (wfb::aim commission_on_sustainable_development "to monitor, as part of the Economic and Social Council, implementation of agreements reached at the UN Conference on Environment and Development" );; line 126770 (wfb::members commission_on_sustainable_development "(53) selected on a rotating basis from all regions" );; line 126774 (wfb::address |Commonwealth (C)| "c/o Commonwealth Secretariat, Marlborough House, Pall Mall, London SW1Y5HX, UK" );; line 126780 (wfb::telephone |Commonwealth (C)| "[44] (71) 839 3411" );; line 126783 (wfb::fax |Commonwealth (C)| "[44] (71) 930 0827" );; line 126785 (wfb::established |Commonwealth (C)| "31 December 1931" );; line 126787 (wfb::aim |Commonwealth (C)| "to foster multinational cooperation and assistance, as a voluntary association that evolved from the British Empire" );; line 126789 (wfb::members |Commonwealth (C)| "(49) Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, The Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize, Botswana, Brunei, Canada, Cyprus, Dominica, The Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Guyana, India, Jamaica, Kenya, Kiribati, Lesotho, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Malta, Mauritius, Namibia, NZ, Nigeria, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Swaziland, Tanzania, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Uganda, UK, Vanuatu, Western Samoa, Zambia, Zimbabwe" );; line 126792 (wfb::special_members |Commonwealth (C)| "(2) Nauru, Tuvalu" );; line 126801 (wfb::address |Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)| "Kirov Street 17, 220000 Minsk, Belarus" );; line 126807 (wfb::telephone |Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)| "[7] (172) 293434, 293517" );; line 126809 (wfb::fax |Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)| "[7] (172) 261894, 261944" );; line 126811 (wfb::established |Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)| "8 December 1991" );; line 126813 (wfb::effective |Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)| "21 December 1991" );; line 126815 (wfb::aim |Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)| "to coordinate intercommonwealth relations and to provide a mechanism for the orderly dissolution of the USSR" );; line 126817 (wfb::members |Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)| "(12) Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan" );; line 126820 (wfb::see |Communaute Economique de l'Afrique de l'Ouest (CEAO)| "West African Economic Community (CEAO)" );; line 126827 (wfb::see |Communaute Economique des Etats de l'Afrique Centrale (CEEAC)| "Economic Community of Central African States (CEEAC)" );; line 126833 (wfb::see |Communaute Economique des Pays des Grands Lacs (CEPGL)| "Economic Community of the Great Lakes Countries (CEPGL)" );; line 126839 (wfb::see |Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE)| "Organization on Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)" );; line 126852 (wfb::see |Conseil Europeen pour la Recherche Nucleaire (CERN)| "European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)" );; line 126858 (wfb::see cooperation_council_for_the_arab_states_of_the_gulf "Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)" );; line 126871 (wfb::note |Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CEMA)| "also known as CMEA or Comecon established 25 January 1949 to promote the development of socialist economies and was abolished 1 January 1991; members included Afghanistan (observer), Albania (had not participated since 1961 break with USSR), Angola (observer), Bulgaria, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, Ethiopia (observer), GDR, Hungary, Laos (observer), Mongolia, Mozambique (observer), Nicaragua (observer), Poland, Romania, USSR, Vietnam, Yemen (observer), Yugoslavia (associate)" );; line 126887 (wfb::address |Council of Arab Economic Unity (CAEU)| "BP 925100, Amman, Jordan" );; line 126899 (wfb::telephone |Council of Arab Economic Unity (CAEU)| "[962] (6) 66 43 26, 66 43 27, 66 43 28" );; line 126901 (wfb::fax |Council of Arab Economic Unity (CAEU)| "[962] (6) 66 33 43" );; line 126903 (wfb::established |Council of Arab Economic Unity (CAEU)| "3 June 1957" );; line 126905 (wfb::effective |Council of Arab Economic Unity (CAEU)| "30 May 1964" );; line 126907 (wfb::aim |Council of Arab Economic Unity (CAEU)| "to promote economic integration among Arab nations" );; line 126909 (wfb::members |Council of Arab Economic Unity (CAEU)| "(11 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization) Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Libya, Mauritania, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, UAE, Yemen, Palestine Liberation Organization" );; line 126911 (wfb::address |Council of Europe (CE)| "Palais de l’Europe, F-67075 Strasbourg CEDEX, France" );; line 126919 (wfb::telephone |Council of Europe (CE)| "[33] 88 41 20 00" );; line 126921 (wfb::fax |Council of Europe (CE)| "[33] 88 41 27 81, 88 41 27 82" );; line 126923 (wfb::established |Council of Europe (CE)| "5 May 1949" );; line 126925 (wfb::effective |Council of Europe (CE)| "3 August 1949" );; line 126927 (wfb::aim |Council of Europe (CE)| "to promote increased unity and quality of life in Europe" );; line 126929 (wfb::members |Council of Europe (CE)| "(32) Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, San Marino, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, UK" );; line 126931 (wfb::guests |Council of Europe (CE)| "(9) Albania, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Latvia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Moldova, Russia, Ukraine" );; line 126936 (wfb::observer |Council of Europe (CE)| "(1) Israel" );; line 126939 (wfb::established |Council of the Baltic Sea States (CBSS)| "5 March 1992" );; line 126945 (wfb::aim |Council of the Baltic Sea States (CBSS)| "to promote cooperation among the Baltic Sea states in the areas of aid to new democratic institutions, economic development, humanitarian aid, energy and the environment, cultural programs and education, and transportation and communication" );; line 126947 (wfb::members |Council of the Baltic Sea States (CBSS)| "(10) Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Poland, Russia, Sweden" );; line 126952 (wfb::address |Council of the Entente (Entente)| "BP 3734, Abidjan 01, Cote d’Ivoire" );; line 126959 (wfb::telephone |Council of the Entente (Entente)| "[225] 33 10 01, 33 28 35" );; line 126961 (wfb::fax |Council of the Entente (Entente)| "[225] 33 11 49" );; line 126963 (wfb::established |Council of the Entente (Entente)| "29 May 1959" );; line 126965 (wfb::aim |Council of the Entente (Entente)| "to promote economic, social, and political coordination" );; line 126967 (wfb::members |Council of the Entente (Entente)| "(5) Benin, Burkina, Cote d'Ivoire, Niger, Togo" );; line 126969 (wfb::address |Customs Cooperation Council (CCC)| "Rue de l’Industrie 26-38, B-1040 Brussels, Belgium" );; line 126975 (wfb::telephone |Customs Cooperation Council (CCC)| "[32] (2) 508 42 11" );; line 126977 (wfb::fax |Customs Cooperation Council (CCC)| "[32] (2) 508 42 40" );; line 126979 (wfb::established |Customs Cooperation Council (CCC)| "15 December 1950" );; line 126981 (wfb::aim |Customs Cooperation Council (CCC)| "to promote international cooperation in customs matters" );; line 126983 (wfb::members |Customs Cooperation Council (CCC)| "(136) Albania, Algeria, Angola, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Bermuda, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Estonia, Ethiopia, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Guyana, Haiti, Hong Kong, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, South Korea, Kuwait, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macau, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Yemen, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe" );; line 126985 (wfb::address |East African Development Bank (EADB)| "4 Nile Avenue, P.O. Box 7128, Kampala, Uganda" );; line 127029 (wfb::telephone |East African Development Bank (EADB)| "[256] (41) 230021, 230825" );; line 127031 (wfb::fax |East African Development Bank (EADB)| "[256] (41) 259763" );; line 127033 (wfb::established |East African Development Bank (EADB)| "6 June 1967" );; line 127035 (wfb::effective |East African Development Bank (EADB)| "1 December 1967" );; line 127037 (wfb::aim |East African Development Bank (EADB)| "to promote economic development" );; line 127039 (wfb::members |East African Development Bank (EADB)| "(3) Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda" );; line 127041 (wfb::address |Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP)| "United Nations Building, Rajadamnern Avenue, Bangkok 10200, Thailand" );; line 127047 (wfb::telephone |Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP)| "[66] (2) 2829161 through 2829200, 2829381 through 2829389" );; line 127050 (wfb::fax |Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP)| "[66] (2) 2811743" );; line 127052 (wfb::established |Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP)| "28 March 1947 as Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East (ECAFE)" );; line 127054 (wfb::aim |Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP)| "to carryout the commitment of the Economic and Social Council of the UN to promote economic development" );; line 127057 (wfb::members |Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP)| "(49) Afghanistan, Armenia, Australia, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei, Burma, Cambodia, China, Fiji, France, India, Indonesia, Iran, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kiribati, North Korea, South Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Malaysia, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Mongolia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Russia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Tajikistan, Thailand, Tonga, Turkmenistan, Tuvalu, UK, US, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Vietnam, Western Samoa" );; line 127060 (wfb::associate_members |Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP)| "(10) American Samoa, Cook Islands, French Polynesia, Guam, Hong Kong, Macau, New Caledonia, Niue, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau" );; line 127068 (wfb::address |Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA)| "(temporary) P.O. Box 927115, Amman, Jordan" );; line 127075 (wfb::telephone |Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA)| "[962] (6) 694351" );; line 127077 (wfb::fax |Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA)| "[962] (6) 694981, 694982" );; line 127079 (wfb::established |Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA)| "9 August 1973 as Economic Commission for Western Asia (ECWA)" );; line 127081 (wfb::aim |Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA)| "to promote economic development as a regional commission for the UN's Economic and Social Council" );; line 127083 (wfb::members |Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA)| "(12 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization) Bahrain, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, UAE, Yemen, Palestine Liberation Organization" );; line 127086 (wfb::address |Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC)| "United Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA" );; line 127094 (wfb::telephone |Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC)| "[1] (212) 963 1234" );; line 127096 (wfb::fax |Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC)| "[1] (212) 758 2718" );; line 127098 (wfb::established |Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC)| "26 June 1945" );; line 127100 (wfb::effective |Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC)| "24 October 1945" );; line 127102 (wfb::aim |Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC)| "to coordinate the economic and social work of the UN; includes five regional commissions (see Economic Commission for Africa, Economic Commission for Europe, Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific, Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia) and 10 functional commissions (see Commission for Social Development, Commission on Human Rights, Commission on Narcotic Drugs, Commission on the Status of Women, Population Commission, Statistical Commission, Commission on Science and Technology for Development, Commission on Sustainable Development, Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice, and Commission on Transnational Corporations)" );; line 127104 (wfb::members |Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC)| "(54) selected on a rotating basis from all regions" );; line 127115 (wfb::address |Economic Commission for Africa (ECA)| "P.O. Box 3001-3005, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia" );; line 127121 (wfb::telephone |Economic Commission for Africa (ECA)| "[251] (1) 51 72 00" );; line 127123 (wfb::fax |Economic Commission for Africa (ECA)| "[251] (1) 51 44 16" );; line 127125 (wfb::established |Economic Commission for Africa (ECA)| "29 April 1958" );; line 127127 (wfb::aim |Economic Commission for Africa (ECA)| "to promote economic development as a regional commission of the UN's Economic and Social Council" );; line 127129 (wfb::members |Economic Commission for Africa (ECA)| "(53) Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Djibouti, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe" );; line 127132 (wfb::associate_members |Economic Commission for Africa (ECA)| "(2) France, UK" );; line 127140 (wfb::see |Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East (ECAFE)| "Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP)" );; line 127146 (wfb::address |Economic Commission for Europe (ECE)| "Palais des Nations, CH-1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland" );; line 127152 (wfb::telephone |Economic Commission for Europe (ECE)| "[41] (22) 917 1234, 907 2893" );; line 127154 (wfb::fax |Economic Commission for Europe (ECE)| "[41] (22) 917 0036" );; line 127156 (wfb::established |Economic Commission for Europe (ECE)| "28 March 1947" );; line 127158 (wfb::aim |Economic Commission for Europe (ECE)| "to promote economic development as a regional commission of the UN's Economic and Social Council" );; line 127160 (wfb::members |Economic Commission for Europe (ECE)| "(54) Albania, Andorra, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Malta, Moldova, Monaco, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, San Marino, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, UK, US, Uzbekistan, Yugoslavia" );; line 127163 (wfb::see |Economic Commission for Latin America (ECLA)| "Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC)" );; line 127176 (wfb::address |Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC)| "Edificio Naciones Unidas, Avenida Dag Hammarskjold, Casilla 179 D, Santiago, Chile" );; line 127182 (wfb::telephone |Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC)| "[56] (2) 2102000 FAX [56] (2) 2080252, 2081946" );; line 127185 (wfb::established |Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC)| "25 February 1948 as Economic Commission for Latin America (ECLA)" );; line 127187 (wfb::aim |Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC)| "to promote economic development as a regional commission of the UN's Economic and Social Council" );; line 127189 (wfb::members |Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC)| "(41) Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, The Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, France, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Italy, Jamaica, Mexico, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Portugal, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Spain, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, UK, US, Uruguay, Venezuela" );; line 127192 (wfb::associate_members |Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC)| "(6) Aruba, British Virgin Islands, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands" );; line 127200 (wfb::see |Economic Commission for Western Asia (ECWA)| "Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA)" );; line 127207 (wfb::note |Economic Community of Central African States (CEEAC)| "acronym from Communaute Economique des Etats de l'Afrique Centrale" );; line 127213 (wfb::address |Economic Community of Central African States (CEEAC)| "CEEAC, BP 2112, Libreville, Gabon" );; line 127216 (wfb::telephone |Economic Community of Central African States (CEEAC)| "[241] 73 35 47, 73 35 48, 73 36 77" );; line 127218 (wfb::established |Economic Community of Central African States (CEEAC)| "18 October 1983" );; line 127220 (wfb::aim |Economic Community of Central African States (CEEAC)| "to promote regional economic cooperation and establish a Central African Common Market" );; line 127222 (wfb::members |Economic Community of Central African States (CEEAC)| "(10) Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe, Zaire" );; line 127225 (wfb::observer |Economic Community of Central African States (CEEAC)| "(1) Angola" );; line 127228 (wfb::note |Economic Community of the Great Lakes Countries (CEPGL)| "acronym from Communaute Economique des Pays des Grands Lacs" );; line 127234 (wfb::address |Economic Community of the Great Lakes Countries (CEPGL)| "B.O. Box 58, Gisenyi, Rwanda" );; line 127236 (wfb::telephone |Economic Community of the Great Lakes Countries (CEPGL)| "[250] 40228" );; line 127238 (wfb::fax |Economic Community of the Great Lakes Countries (CEPGL)| "[250] 40785" );; line 127240 (wfb::established |Economic Community of the Great Lakes Countries (CEPGL)| "26 September 1976" );; line 127242 (wfb::aim |Economic Community of the Great Lakes Countries (CEPGL)| "to promote regional economic cooperation and integration" );; line 127244 (wfb::members |Economic Community of the Great Lakes Countries (CEPGL)| "(3) Burundi, Rwanda, Zaire" );; line 127246 (wfb::address |Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS)| "6 King George V Road, PMB 12745, Lagos, Nigeria" );; line 127252 (wfb::telephone |Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS)| "[234] (1) 636839, 636841, 636064, 630398" );; line 127254 (wfb::fax |Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS)| "[234] (1) 636822" );; line 127256 (wfb::established |Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS)| "28 May 1975" );; line 127258 (wfb::aim |Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS)| "to promote regional economic cooperation" );; line 127260 (wfb::members |Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS)| "(16) Benin, Burkina, Cape Verde, Cote d'Ivoire, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo" );; line 127262 (wfb::address |Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO)| "5 Hejab Avenue, Bd Keshavarz, P.O. Box 14155-6176, Teheran, Iran Islamic Republic" );; line 127270 (wfb::telephone |Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO)| "[98] (21) 658614, 656152, 658045" );; line 127273 (wfb::fax |Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO)| "[98] (21) 658046" );; line 127275 (wfb::established |Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO)| "NA 1985" );; line 127277 (wfb::aim |Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO)| "to promote regional cooperation in trade, transportation, communications, tourism, cultural affairs, and economic development" );; line 127279 (wfb::members |Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO)| "(10) Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan" );; line 127282 (wfb::associate_member |Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO)| "(1) \"Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus\"" );; line 127285 (wfb::address |European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)| "One Exchange Square, London EC2A 2EH, UK" );; line 127291 (wfb::telephone |European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)| "[44] (71) 338 6000" );; line 127293 (wfb::fax |European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)| "[44] (71) 338 6100" );; line 127295 (wfb::established |European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)| "15 April 1991" );; line 127297 (wfb::aim |European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)| "to facilitate the transition of seven centrally planned economies in Europe (Bulgaria, former Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, Romania, former USSR, and former Yugoslavia) to market economies by committing 60% of its loans to privatization" );; line 127299 (wfb::members |European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)| "(59) Albania, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, European Union (EU), European Investment Bank (EIB), Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, South Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Malta, Mexico, Moldova, Morocco, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, UK, US, Uzbekistan; note - includes all 25 members of the OECD; also includes the EU as a single entity" );; line 127304 (wfb::address |European Free Trade Association (EFTA)| "9-11 rue de Varembe, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland" );; line 127329 (wfb::telephone |European Free Trade Association (EFTA)| "[41] (22) 749 11 11" );; line 127331 (wfb::fax |European Free Trade Association (EFTA)| "[41] (22) 733 92 91" );; line 127333 (wfb::established |European Free Trade Association (EFTA)| "4 January 1960" );; line 127335 (wfb::effective |European Free Trade Association (EFTA)| "3 May 1960" );; line 127337 (wfb::aim |European Free Trade Association (EFTA)| "to promote expansion of free trade" );; line 127339 (wfb::members |European Free Trade Association (EFTA)| "(7) Austria, Finland, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland" );; line 127341 (wfb::address |European Investment Bank (EIB)| "Bd Konrad Adenauer 100, L-2950 Luxembourg, Luxembourg" );; line 127348 (wfb::telephone |European Investment Bank (EIB)| "[352] 43791" );; line 127350 (wfb::fax |European Investment Bank (EIB)| "[352] 437704" );; line 127352 (wfb::established |European Investment Bank (EIB)| "25 March 1957" );; line 127354 (wfb::effective |European Investment Bank (EIB)| "1 January 1958" );; line 127356 (wfb::aim |European Investment Bank (EIB)| "to promote economic development of the EU" );; line 127358 (wfb::members |European Investment Bank (EIB)| "(12) Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, UK" );; line 127360 (wfb::note |European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)| "acronym retained from the predecessor organization Conseil Europeen pour la Recherche Nucleaire" );; line 127367 (wfb::address |European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)| "CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland" );; line 127370 (wfb::telephone |European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)| "[41] (22) 767 61 11" );; line 127372 (wfb::fax |European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)| "[41] (22) 767 65 55" );; line 127374 (wfb::established |European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)| "1 July 1953" );; line 127376 (wfb::effective |European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)| "29 September 1954" );; line 127378 (wfb::aim |European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)| "to foster nuclear research for peaceful purposes only" );; line 127380 (wfb::members |European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)| "(19) Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK" );; line 127382 (wfb::observers |European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)| "(6) EC, Israel, Russia, Turkey, United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), Yugoslavia" );; line 127386 (wfb::address |European Space Agency (ESA)| "8-10 rue Mario Nikis, F-75738 Paris CEDEX 15, France" );; line 127393 (wfb::telephone |European Space Agency (ESA)| "[33] (1) 42 73 76 54" );; line 127395 (wfb::fax |European Space Agency (ESA)| "[33] (1) 42 73 75 60" );; line 127397 (wfb::established |European Space Agency (ESA)| "31 July 1973" );; line 127399 (wfb::effective |European Space Agency (ESA)| "1 May 1975" );; line 127401 (wfb::aim |European Space Agency (ESA)| "to promote peaceful cooperation in space research and technology" );; line 127403 (wfb::members |European Space Agency (ESA)| "(13) Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK" );; line 127405 (wfb::associate_member |European Space Agency (ESA)| "(1) Finland" );; line 127408 (wfb::cooperating_state |European Space Agency (ESA)| "(1) Canada" );; line 127410 (wfb::note |European Union (EU)| "evolved from the European Community (EC)" );; line 127416 (wfb::address |European Union (EU)| "c/o European Commission, Rue de la Loi 200, B-1049 Brussels, Belgium" );; line 127418 (wfb::telephone |European Union (EU)| "[32] (2) 299 11 11 FAX [32] (2) 295 01 38 through 295 01 40" );; line 127421 (wfb::established |European Union (EU)| "7 February 1992" );; line 127423 (wfb::effective |European Union (EU)| "1 November 1993" );; line 127425 (wfb::aim |European Union (EU)| "to coordinate policy among the 15 members in three fields: economics, building on the European Economic Community's (EEC) efforts to establish a common market and eventually a common currency; defense, within the concept of a Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP); and justice and home affairs, including immigration, drugs, terrorism, and improved living and working conditions" );; line 127427 (wfb::members |European Union (EU)| "(15) Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, UK" );; line 127434 (wfb::address |Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)| "Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, I-00100 Rome, Italy" );; line 127446 (wfb::telephone |Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)| "[39] (6) 52251 FAX [39] (6) 5225 3152, 5225 5155, 578 2610" );; line 127448 (wfb::established |Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)| "16 October 1945" );; line 127450 (wfb::aim |Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)| "to raise living standards and increase availability of agricultural products, as a UN specialized agency" );; line 127452 (wfb::members |Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)| "(170) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, EU, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Western Samoa, Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended), Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe" );; line 127455 (wfb::associate_member |Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)| "(1) Puerto Rico" );; line 127479 (wfb::address |Franc Zone (FZ)| "Direction Generale des Service Etrangers (Service de la Zone Franc), Banque de France, 39 rue Crois-des-Petits-Champs, BP 140-01, Paris Cedex 01, France" );; line 127507 (wfb::telephone |Franc Zone (FZ)| "[33] (1) 42 92 31 26" );; line 127511 (wfb::fax |Franc Zone (FZ)| "[33] (1) 42 92 39 88" );; line 127513 (wfb::established |Franc Zone (FZ)| "20 December 1945" );; line 127515 (wfb::aim |Franc Zone (FZ)| "to form a monetary union among countries whose currencies are linked to the French franc" );; line 127517 (wfb::members |Franc Zone (FZ)| "(15) Benin, Burkina, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, France, Gabon, Mali, Niger, Senegal, Togo; note - France includes metropolitan France, the four overseas departments of France (French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Reunion), the two territorial collectivities of France (Mayotte, Saint Pierre and Miquelon), and the three overseas territories of France (French Polynesia, New Caledonia, Wallis and Futuna)" );; line 127520 (wfb::note |General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)| "was subsumed by the World Trade Organization (WTrO) on 1 January 1995" );; line 127538 (wfb::address |General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)| "rue de Lausanne 154, CH-1211 Geneva 21, Switzerland" );; line 127541 (wfb::telephone |General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)| "[41] (22) 739 51 11" );; line 127543 (wfb::fax |General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)| "[41] (22) 731 42 06" );; line 127545 (wfb::established |General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)| "30 October 1947" );; line 127547 (wfb::effective |General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)| "1 January 1948" );; line 127549 (wfb::aim |General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)| "to promote the expansion of international trade on a nondiscriminatory basis" );; line 127551 (wfb::members |General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)| "(123) Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, Colombia, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Egypt, El Salvador, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hong Kong, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Kenya, South Korea, Kuwait, Lesotho, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Macau, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Venezuela, Yugoslavia (suspended), Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe" );; line 127554 (wfb::established |Group of 2 (G-2)| "informal term that came into use about 1986" );; line 127576 (wfb::aim |Group of 2 (G-2)| "to facilitate bilateral economic cooperation between the two most powerful economic giants" );; line 127578 (wfb::members |Group of 2 (G-2)| "(2) Japan, US" );; line 127581 (wfb::established |Group of 3 (G-3)| "NA October 1990" );; line 127587 (wfb::aim |Group of 3 (G-3)| "mechanism for policy coordination" );; line 127589 (wfb::members |Group of 3 (G-3)| "(3) Colombia, Mexico, Venezuela" );; line 127591 (wfb::established |Group of 5 (G-5)| "22 September 1985" );; line 127597 (wfb::aim |Group of 5 (G-5)| "to coordinate the economic policies of the five major non-Communist economic powers" );; line 127599 (wfb::members |Group of 5 (G-5)| "(5) France, Germany, Japan, UK, US" );; line 127602 (wfb::note |Group of 6 (G-6)| "also known as Groupe des Six Sur le Desarmement not to be confused with the Big Six" );; line 127608 (wfb::established |Group of 6 (G-6)| "22 May 1984" );; line 127611 (wfb::aim |Group of 6 (G-6)| "to achieve nuclear disarmament" );; line 127613 (wfb::members |Group of 6 (G-6)| "(6) Argentina, Greece, India, Mexico, Sweden, Tanzania" );; line 127615 (wfb::note |Group of 7 (G-7)| "membership is the same as the Big Seven" );; line 127621 (wfb::established |Group of 7 (G-7)| "22 September 1985" );; line 127623 (wfb::aim |Group of 7 (G-7)| "to facilitate economic cooperation among the seven major non- Communist economic powers" );; line 127625 (wfb::members |Group of 7 (G-7)| "(7) Group of 5 (France, Germany, Japan, UK, US) plus Canada and Italy" );; line 127628 (wfb::established |Group of 8 (G-8)| "NA October 1975" );; line 127635 (wfb::aim |Group of 8 (G-8)| "to facilitate economic cooperation among the developed countries (DCs) that participated in the Conference on International Economic Cooperation (CIEC), held in several sessions between NA December 1975 and 3 June 1977" );; line 127637 (wfb::members |Group of 8 (G-8)| "(8) Australia, Canada, EU (as one member), Japan, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, US" );; line 127642 (wfb::established |Group of 9 (G-9)| "NA" );; line 127649 (wfb::aim |Group of 9 (G-9)| "to discuss matters of mutual interest on an informal basis" );; line 127651 (wfb::members |Group of 9 (G-9)| "(9) Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Denmark, Finland, Hungary, Romania, Sweden, Yugoslavia" );; line 127653 (wfb::note |Group of 10 (G-10)| "also known as the Paris Club; includes the wealthiest members of the IMF who provide most of the money to be loaned and act as the informal steering committee; name persists in spite of the addition of Switzerland on NA April 1984" );; line 127660 (wfb::address |Group of 10 (G-10)| "c/o IMF Office in Europe, 64-66 ave d’Iena, F-75116 Paris, France" );; line 127665 (wfb::telephone |Group of 10 (G-10)| "[33] (1) 40 69 30 80" );; line 127668 (wfb::fax |Group of 10 (G-10)| "[33] (1) 47 23 40 89" );; line 127670 (wfb::established |Group of 10 (G-10)| "NA October 1962" );; line 127672 (wfb::aim |Group of 10 (G-10)| "to coordinate credit policy" );; line 127674 (wfb::members |Group of 10 (G-10)| "(11) Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, US" );; line 127676 (wfb::nonstate_participants |Group of 10 (G-10)| "(4) BIS, EU, IMF, OECD" );; line 127679 (wfb::note |Group of 11 (G-11)| "also known as the Cartagena Group" );; line 127685 (wfb::established |Group of 11 (G-11)| "22 June 1984, in Cartagena, Colombia" );; line 127687 (wfb::aim |Group of 11 (G-11)| "to provide a forum for largest debtor nations in Latin America" );; line 127689 (wfb::members |Group of 11 (G-11)| "(11) Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela" );; line 127691 (wfb::note |Group of 15 (G-15)| "byproduct of the Non-Aligned Movement" );; line 127698 (wfb::address |Group of 15 (G-15)| "Technical Support Facility, Ch du Champ d’Ancier 17, Case postale 326, CH-1211 Geneva 19, Switzerland" );; line 127700 (wfb::telephone |Group of 15 (G-15)| "[41] (22) 798 42 10" );; line 127703 (wfb::fax |Group of 15 (G-15)| "[41] (22) 798 38 49" );; line 127705 (wfb::established |Group of 15 (G-15)| "September 1989" );; line 127707 (wfb::aim |Group of 15 (G-15)| "to promote economic cooperation among developing nations; to act as the main political organ for the Non-Aligned Movement" );; line 127709 (wfb::members |Group of 15 (G-15)| "(15) Algeria, Argentina, Brazil, Egypt, India, Indonesia, Jamaica, Malaysia, Mexico, Nigeria, Peru, Senegal, Venezuela, Yugoslavia, Zimbabwe" );; line 127712 (wfb::established |Group of 19 (G-19)| "NA October 1975" );; line 127719 (wfb::aim |Group of 19 (G-19)| "to represent the interests of the less developed countries (LDCs) that participated in the Conference on International Economic Cooperation (CIEC) held in several sessions between NA December 1975 and 3 June 1977" );; line 127721 (wfb::members |Group of 19 (G-19)| "(19) Algeria, Argentina, Brazil, Cameroon, Egypt, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jamaica, Mexico, Nigeria, Pakistan, Peru, Saudi Arabia, Venezuela, Yugoslavia, Zaire, Zambia" );; line 127725 (wfb::address |Group of 24 (G-24)| "c/o European Commission, DGI, G-24 Coordination Unit, Rue de la Science 29, B-1049 Brussels, Belgium" );; line 127733 (wfb::telephone |Group of 24 (G-24)| "[32] (2) 299 22 44" );; line 127736 (wfb::fax |Group of 24 (G-24)| "[32] (2) 299 06 02" );; line 127738 (wfb::established |Group of 24 (G-24)| "NA January 1972" );; line 127740 (wfb::aim |Group of 24 (G-24)| "to promote the interests of developing countries in Africa, Asia, and Latin America within the IMF" );; line 127742 (wfb::members |Group of 24 (G-24)| "(24) Algeria, Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Cote d'Ivoire, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guatemala, India, Iran, Lebanon, Mexico, Nigeria, Pakistan, Peru, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Syria, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela, Yugoslavia, Zaire" );; line 127745 (wfb::address |Group of 30 (G-30)| "1990 M Street NW, Suite 450, Washington, DC 20036, USA" );; line 127754 (wfb::telephone |Group of 30 (G-30)| "[1] (202) 331 2472" );; line 127756 (wfb::established |Group of 30 (G-30)| "NA 1979" );; line 127758 (wfb::aim |Group of 30 (G-30)| "to discuss and propose solutions to the world's economic problems" );; line 127760 (wfb::members |Group of 30 (G-30)| "(30) informal group of 30 leading international bankers, economists, financial experts, and businessmen organized by Johannes Witteveen (former managing director of the IMF)" );; line 127762 (wfb::established |Group of 33 (G-33)| "NA 1987" );; line 127770 (wfb::aim |Group of 33 (G-33)| "to promote solutions to international economic problems" );; line 127772 (wfb::members |Group of 33 (G-33)| "(33) leading economists from 13 countries" );; line 127774 (wfb::established |Group of 77 (G-77)| "NA October 1967" );; line 127780 (wfb::aim |Group of 77 (G-77)| "to promote economic cooperation among developing countries; name persists in spite of increased membership" );; line 127782 (wfb::members |Group of 77 (G-77)| "(127 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization) Afghanistan, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Cuba, Cyprus, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gabon, The Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jamaica, Jordan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Qatar, Romania, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Uganda, UAE, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Western Samoa, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Palestine Liberation Organization" );; line 127785 (wfb::note |Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)| "also known as the Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf" );; line 127808 (wfb::address |Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)| "P.O. Box 7431, Riyadh 11462 Saudi Arabia" );; line 127811 (wfb::telephone |Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)| "[966] (1) 4827777" );; line 127813 (wfb::fax |Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)| "[966] (1) 4829089" );; line 127815 (wfb::established |Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)| "25 May 1981" );; line 127817 (wfb::aim |Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)| "to promote regional cooperation in economic, social, political, and military affairs" );; line 127819 (wfb::members |Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)| "(6) Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, UAE" );; line 127822 (wfb::see habitat "Commission on Human Settlements" );; line 127828 (wfb::see hexagonal_group "Central European Initiative (CEI)" );; line 127834 (wfb::note |Inter-American Development Bank (IADB)| "also known as Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (BID)" );; line 127850 (wfb::address |Inter-American Development Bank (IADB)| "1300 New York Avenue NW, Washington, DC 10577, USA" );; line 127852 (wfb::telephone |Inter-American Development Bank (IADB)| "[1] (202) 632 1000" );; line 127854 (wfb::fax |Inter-American Development Bank (IADB)| "[1] (202) 789 2835" );; line 127856 (wfb::established |Inter-American Development Bank (IADB)| "8 April 1959" );; line 127858 (wfb::effective |Inter-American Development Bank (IADB)| "30 December 1959" );; line 127860 (wfb::aim |Inter-American Development Bank (IADB)| "to promote economic and social development in Latin America" );; line 127862 (wfb::members |Inter-American Development Bank (IADB)| "(46) Argentina, Austria, The Bahamas, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Croatia, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Finland, France, Germany, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Mexico, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Norway, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Portugal, Slovenia, Spain, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Trinidad and Tobago, UK, US, Uruguay, Venezuela" );; line 127864 (wfb::address |Inter-Governmental Authority on Drought and Development (IGADD)| "BP 2653, Djibouti, Djibouti" );; line 127875 (wfb::telephone |Inter-Governmental Authority on Drought and Development (IGADD)| "[253] 354050, 352880" );; line 127877 (wfb::fax |Inter-Governmental Authority on Drought and Development (IGADD)| "[253] 356994" );; line 127879 (wfb::established |Inter-Governmental Authority on Drought and Development (IGADD)| "15-16 January 1986" );; line 127881 (wfb::aim |Inter-Governmental Authority on Drought and Development (IGADD)| "to promote cooperation on drought-related matters" );; line 127883 (wfb::members |Inter-Governmental Authority on Drought and Development (IGADD)| "(7) Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, Sudan, Uganda" );; line 127885 (wfb::address |International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)| "Wagramerstrasse 5, P.O. Box 100, A-1400 Vienna, Austria" );; line 127891 (wfb::telephone |International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)| "[43] (1) 2360 2045 FAX [43] (1) 234564" );; line 127893 (wfb::established |International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)| "26 October 1956" );; line 127895 (wfb::effective |International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)| "29 July 1957" );; line 127897 (wfb::aim |International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)| "to promote peaceful uses of atomic energy" );; line 127899 (wfb::members |International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)| "(121) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burma, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Estonia, Ethiopia, Finland, France, Gabon, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Haiti, Holy See, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, South Korea, Kuwait, Lebanon, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malaysia, Mali, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Mexico, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Namibia, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yugoslavia (suspended), Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe" );; line 127901 (wfb::note |International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)| "also known as the World Bank" );; line 127929 (wfb::address |International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)| "1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA" );; line 127931 (wfb::telephone |International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)| "[1] (202) 477 1234" );; line 127933 (wfb::fax |International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)| "[1] (202) 477 6391" );; line 127935 (wfb::established |International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)| "22 July 1944" );; line 127937 (wfb::effective |International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)| "27 December 1945" );; line 127939 (wfb::aim |International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)| "to provide economic development loans; a UN specialized agency" );; line 127941 (wfb::members |International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)| "(178) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Western Samoa, Yemen, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe" );; line 127943 (wfb::address |International Chamber of Commerce (ICC)| "38 Cours Albert 1st, F-75008 Paris, France" );; line 127973 (wfb::telephone |International Chamber of Commerce (ICC)| "[33] (1) 49 53 28 75" );; line 127975 (wfb::fax |International Chamber of Commerce (ICC)| "[33] (1) 49 53 29 42" );; line 127977 (wfb::established |International Chamber of Commerce (ICC)| "NA 1919" );; line 127979 (wfb::aim |International Chamber of Commerce (ICC)| "to promote free trade and private enterprise and to represent business interests at national and international levels" );; line 127981 (wfb::members |International Chamber of Commerce (ICC)| "(59 national councils) Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Burkina, Cameroon, Canada, Colombia, Cote d'Ivoire, Cyprus, Denmark, Ecuador, Egypt, Finland, France, Gabon, Germany, Greece, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Jordan, South Korea, Kuwait, Lebanon, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Mexico, Morocco, Netherlands, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Portugal, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Singapore, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Taiwan, Togo, Tunisia, Turkey, UK, US, Uruguay, Venezuela, Yugoslavia, Zaire" );; line 127984 (wfb::address |International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)| "1000 Sherbrooke Street West, Suite 327, Montreal PQ H3A 2R2, Canada" );; line 127997 (wfb::telephone |International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)| "[1] (514) 285 8219" );; line 128000 (wfb::fax |International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)| "[1] (514) 288 4772" );; line 128002 (wfb::established |International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)| "7 December 1944" );; line 128004 (wfb::effective |International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)| "4 April 1947" );; line 128006 (wfb::aim |International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)| "to promote international cooperation in civil aviation; a UN specialized agency" );; line 128008 (wfb::members |International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)| "(183) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe" );; line 128011 (wfb::address |International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)| "ICRC, 19 av de la Paix, CH-1202 Geneva, Switzerland" );; line 128041 (wfb::telephone |International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)| "[41] (22) 734 60 01" );; line 128043 (wfb::fax |International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)| "[41] (22) 733 82 80" );; line 128045 (wfb::established |International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)| "NA 1863" );; line 128047 (wfb::aim |International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)| "to provide humanitarian aid in wartime" );; line 128049 (wfb::members |International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)| "(25 individuals) all Swiss nationals" );; line 128051 (wfb::address |International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (ICFTU)| "International Trade Union House, Bd Emile Jacqmain 155, B-1210 Brussels, Belgium" );; line 128057 (wfb::telephone |International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (ICFTU)| "[32] (2) 224 02 11" );; line 128060 (wfb::fax |International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (ICFTU)| "[32] (2) 218 84 15, 219 75 03" );; line 128062 (wfb::established |International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (ICFTU)| "NA December 1949" );; line 128064 (wfb::aim |International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (ICFTU)| "to promote the trade union movement" );; line 128066 (wfb::members |International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (ICFTU)| "(164 national organizations in the following 118 areas) Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Austria, The Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Basque Country, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bermuda, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Curacao, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Estonia, Falkland Islands, Fiji, Finland, France, French Polynesia, Gabon, The Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Holy See, Honduras, Hong Kong, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Kenya, Kiribati, South Korea, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Malta, Mauritius, Mexico, Montserrat, Morocco, Netherlands, New Caledonia, NZ, Nicaragua, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Puerto Rico, Romania, Rwanda, Saint Helena, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, San Marino, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Spain, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, UK, US, Venezuela, Western Samoa, Zambia, Zimbabwe" );; line 128068 (wfb::note |International Court of Justice (ICJ)| "also known as the World Court" );; line 128090 (wfb::address |International Court of Justice (ICJ)| "Peace Palace, NL-2517 KJ The Hague, Netherlands" );; line 128092 (wfb::telephone |International Court of Justice (ICJ)| "[31] (70) 302 23 23" );; line 128094 (wfb::fax |International Court of Justice (ICJ)| "[31] (70) 364 99 28" );; line 128096 (wfb::established |International Court of Justice (ICJ)| "26 June 1945" );; line 128098 (wfb::effective |International Court of Justice (ICJ)| "24 October 1945" );; line 128100 (wfb::aim |International Court of Justice (ICJ)| "primary judicial organ of the UN" );; line 128102 (wfb::members |International Court of Justice (ICJ)| "(15 judges) elected by the UN General Assembly and Security Council to represent all principal legal systems" );; line 128104 (wfb::address |International Criminal Police Organization (INTERPOL)| "BP 6041, F-69411 Lyon CEDEX 06, France" );; line 128111 (wfb::telephone |International Criminal Police Organization (INTERPOL)| "[33] 71 44 70 00" );; line 128113 (wfb::fax |International Criminal Police Organization (INTERPOL)| "[33] 72 44 71 63" );; line 128115 (wfb::established |International Criminal Police Organization (INTERPOL)| "13 June 1956" );; line 128117 (wfb::aim |International Criminal Police Organization (INTERPOL)| "to promote international cooperation among police authorities in fighting crime" );; line 128119 (wfb::members |International Criminal Police Organization (INTERPOL)| "(176) Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Aruba, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, South Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, Netherlands Antilles, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe" );; line 128122 (wfb::subbureaus |International Criminal Police Organization (INTERPOL)| "(13) American Samoa, Anguilla, Bermuda, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Gibraltar, Guam, Hong Kong, Macau, Montserrat, Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, Turks and Caicos Islands" );; line 128147 (wfb::address |International Development Association (IDA)| "1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA" );; line 128155 (wfb::telephone |International Development Association (IDA)| "[1] (202) 477 12 34" );; line 128157 (wfb::established |International Development Association (IDA)| "26 January 1960" );; line 128159 (wfb::effective |International Development Association (IDA)| "24 September 1960" );; line 128161 (wfb::aim |International Development Association (IDA)| "UN specialized agency and IBRD affiliate that provides economic loans for low income countries" );; line 128163 (wfb::members |International Development Association (IDA)| "(157)" );; line 128166 (wfb::part_i |International Development Association (IDA)| "(24 more economically advanced countries) Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Kuwait, Luxembourg, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Russia, South Africa, Sweden, Switzerland, UAE, UK, US" );; line 128168 (wfb::part_ii |International Development Association (IDA)| "(133 less developed nations) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Argentina, Armenia, Bangladesh, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, South Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Nepal, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Swaziland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Vietnam, Western Samoa, Yemen, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe" );; line 128173 (wfb::address |International Energy Agency (IEA)| "2 rue Andre Pascal, F-75775 Paris CEDEX 16, France" );; line 128197 (wfb::telephone |International Energy Agency (IEA)| "[33] (1) 45 24 82 00" );; line 128199 (wfb::fax |International Energy Agency (IEA)| "[33] (1) 45 24 99 88" );; line 128201 (wfb::established |International Energy Agency (IEA)| "15 November 1974" );; line 128203 (wfb::aim |International Energy Agency (IEA)| "to promote cooperation on energy matters, especially emergency oil sharing and relations between oil consumers and oil producers; established by the OECD" );; line 128205 (wfb::members |International Energy Agency (IEA)| "(23) Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, UK, US" );; line 128209 (wfb::note |International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS)| "formerly known as League of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (LORCS)" );; line 128218 (wfb::established |International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS)| "5 May 1919" );; line 128221 (wfb::aim |International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS)| "to provide humanitarian aid in peacetime" );; line 128223 (wfb::members |International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS)| "(151) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Argentina, Australia, Austria, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Cuba, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, The Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Venezuela, Vietnam, Western Samoa, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe" );; line 128225 (wfb::associate_members |International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS)| "(13) Andorra, Antigua and Barbuda, Comoros, Cyprus, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Kiribati, Namibia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Seychelles, Suriname, Tuvalu, Vanuatu" );; line 128246 (wfb::address |International Finance Corporation (IFC)| "1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA" );; line 128254 (wfb::telephone |International Finance Corporation (IFC)| "[1] (202) 477 1234" );; line 128256 (wfb::fax |International Finance Corporation (IFC)| "[1] (202) 477 6391" );; line 128258 (wfb::established |International Finance Corporation (IFC)| "25 May 1955" );; line 128260 (wfb::effective |International Finance Corporation (IFC)| "20 July 1956" );; line 128262 (wfb::aim |International Finance Corporation (IFC)| "to support private enterprise in international economic development; a UN specialized agency and IBRD affiliate" );; line 128264 (wfb::members |International Finance Corporation (IFC)| "(161) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Austria, The Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Lucia, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Western Samoa, Yemen, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe" );; line 128267 (wfb::address |International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)| "Via del Serafico 107, I-00142 Rome, Italy" );; line 128294 (wfb::telephone |International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)| "[39] (6) 54591" );; line 128296 (wfb::fax |International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)| "[39] (6) 5043463" );; line 128298 (wfb::established |International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)| "NA November 1974" );; line 128300 (wfb::aim |International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)| "to promote agricultural development; a UN specialized agency" );; line 128302 (wfb::members |International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)| "(157)" );; line 128304 (wfb::category_i |International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)| "(21 industrialized aid contributors) Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, US" );; line 128306 (wfb::category_ii |International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)| "(12 petroleum-exporting aid contributors) Algeria, Gabon, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Venezuela" );; line 128310 (wfb::category_iii |International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)| "(124 aid recipients) Afghanistan, Albania, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, The Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea- Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, India, Israel, Jamaica, Jordan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Niger, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Portugal, Romania, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Uruguay, Vietnam, Western Samoa, Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended), Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe" );; line 128314 (wfb::address |International Labor Organization (ILO)| "International Labor Office, 4 route des Morillons, CH-1211 Geneva 22, Switzerland" );; line 128344 (wfb::telephone |International Labor Organization (ILO)| "[41] (22) 799 61 11" );; line 128347 (wfb::fax |International Labor Organization (ILO)| "[41] (22) 798 86 85" );; line 128349 (wfb::established |International Labor Organization (ILO)| "11 April 1919 (affiliated with the UN 14 December 1946)" );; line 128351 (wfb::aim |International Labor Organization (ILO)| "UN specialized agency concerned with world labor issues" );; line 128353 (wfb::members |International Labor Organization (ILO)| "(171) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Lucia, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended), Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe" );; line 128355 (wfb::note |International Maritime Organization (IMO)| "name changed from Intergovernmental Maritime Consultative Organization (IMCO) on 22 May 1982" );; line 128383 (wfb::address |International Maritime Organization (IMO)| "4 Albert Embankment, London SE1 7SR, UK" );; line 128386 (wfb::telephone |International Maritime Organization (IMO)| "[44] (71) 735 7611" );; line 128388 (wfb::fax |International Maritime Organization (IMO)| "[44] (71) 587 3210" );; line 128390 (wfb::established |International Maritime Organization (IMO)| "17 March 1958" );; line 128392 (wfb::aim |International Maritime Organization (IMO)| "to deal with international maritime affairs; a UN specialized agency" );; line 128394 (wfb::members |International Maritime Organization (IMO)| "(149) Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Austria, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burma, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Chile, China, Colombia, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Latvia, Lebanon, Liberia, Libya, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Monaco, Morocco, Mozambique, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended), Zaire" );; line 128397 (wfb::associate_members |International Maritime Organization (IMO)| "(2) Hong Kong, Macau" );; line 128418 (wfb::address |International Maritime Satellite Organization (INMARSAT)| "99 City Road, London EC1Y 1AX, UK" );; line 128424 (wfb::telephone |International Maritime Satellite Organization (INMARSAT)| "[44] (71) 728 1000" );; line 128426 (wfb::fax |International Maritime Satellite Organization (INMARSAT)| "[44] (71) 728 1044" );; line 128428 (wfb::established |International Maritime Satellite Organization (INMARSAT)| "3 September 1976" );; line 128430 (wfb::effective |International Maritime Satellite Organization (INMARSAT)| "26 July 1979" );; line 128432 (wfb::aim |International Maritime Satellite Organization (INMARSAT)| "to provide worldwide communications for maritime shipping and other applications" );; line 128434 (wfb::members |International Maritime Satellite Organization (INMARSAT)| "(75) Algeria, Argentina, Australia, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Cameroon, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Gabon, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Kuwait, Liberia, Malaysia, Malta, Mauritius, Mexico, Monaco, Mozambique, Netherlands, NZ, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Singapore, Slovakia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Yugoslavia" );; line 128437 (wfb::address |International Monetary Fund (IMF)| "700 19th Street NW, Washington, DC 20431, USA" );; line 128451 (wfb::telephone |International Monetary Fund (IMF)| "[1] (202) 623 7000" );; line 128453 (wfb::fax |International Monetary Fund (IMF)| "[1] (202) 623 4661, 623 7491, 623 4662" );; line 128455 (wfb::established |International Monetary Fund (IMF)| "22 July 1944" );; line 128457 (wfb::effective |International Monetary Fund (IMF)| "27 December 1945" );; line 128459 (wfb::aim |International Monetary Fund (IMF)| "to promote world monetary stability and economic development; a UN specialized agency" );; line 128461 (wfb::members |International Monetary Fund (IMF)| "(179) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Western Samoa, Yemen, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe" );; line 128464 (wfb::note |International Olympic Committee (IOC)| "there are 194 National Olympic Committees of which 185 are recognized by the International Olympic Committee" );; line 128494 (wfb::address |International Olympic Committee (IOC)| "Chateau de Vidy, CH-1007 Lausanne, Switzerland" );; line 128497 (wfb::telephone |International Olympic Committee (IOC)| "[41] (21) 621 61 11" );; line 128499 (wfb::fax |International Olympic Committee (IOC)| "[41] (21) 621 62 16" );; line 128501 (wfb::established |International Olympic Committee (IOC)| "23 June 1894" );; line 128503 (wfb::aim |International Olympic Committee (IOC)| "to promote the Olympic ideals and administer the Olympic games: 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, United States (20 July-4 August); 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan (date NA); 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia (date NA)" );; line 128505 (wfb::national_olympic_committees |International Olympic Committee (IOC)| "(193 and the Palestine Liberation Organization) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, American Samoa, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Aruba, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bermuda, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guam, Guatemala, Guinea, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hong Kong, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazahkstan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, Netherlands Antilles, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Puerto Rico, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Virgin Islands, Western Samoa, Yemen, Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro), Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Palestine Liberation Organization ----- International Organization for Migration (IOM)" );; line 128510 (wfb::note |International Olympic Committee (IOC)| "established as Provisional Intergovernmental Committee for the Movement of Migrants from Europe; renamed Intergovernmental Committee for European Migration (ICEM) on 15 November 1952; renamed Intergovernmental Committee for Migration (ICM) in November 1980; current name adopted 14 November 1989" );; line 128540 (wfb::address |International Olympic Committee (IOC)| "17 route des Morillons, CP 71, CH-1211 Geneva 19, Switzerland" );; line 128546 (wfb::telephone |International Olympic Committee (IOC)| "[41] (22) 717 91 11" );; line 128548 (wfb::fax |International Olympic Committee (IOC)| "[41] (22) 798 61 50" );; line 128550 (wfb::established |International Olympic Committee (IOC)| "5 December 1951" );; line 128552 (wfb::aim |International Olympic Committee (IOC)| "to facilitate orderly international emigration and immigration" );; line 128554 (wfb::members |International Olympic Committee (IOC)| "(52) Albania, Angola, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Belgium, Bolivia, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cyprus, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Honduras, Hungary, Israel, Italy, Japan, Kenya, South Korea, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Uganda, US, Uruguay, Venezuela, Zambia" );; line 128556 (wfb::observers |International Olympic Committee (IOC)| "(44) Belize, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Cape Verde, Czech Republic, Federation of Ethnic Communities' Council of Australia Inc., Georgia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Holy See, India, Indonesia, Iran, Japan International Friendship and Welfare Foundation, Jordan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Mexico, Moldova, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, NZ, Niwano Peace Foundation, Partnership with the Children of the Third World, Presiding Bishop's Fund for World Relief/Episcopal Church, Refugee Council of Australia, Romania, Russia, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Somalia, Spain, Tajikistan, Turkey, Ukraine, UK, Vietnam, Yugoslavia, Zimbabwe" );; line 128564 (wfb::address |International Organization for Standardization (ISO)| "CP 56, 1 rue de Varembe, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland" );; line 128578 (wfb::telephone |International Organization for Standardization (ISO)| "[41] (22) 749 01 11" );; line 128580 (wfb::fax |International Organization for Standardization (ISO)| "[41] (22) 733 34 30" );; line 128582 (wfb::established |International Organization for Standardization (ISO)| "NA February 1947" );; line 128584 (wfb::aim |International Organization for Standardization (ISO)| "to promote the development of international standards" );; line 128586 (wfb::members |International Organization for Standardization (ISO)| "(76 national standards organizations) Albania, Algeria, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Ethiopia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Libya, Malaysia, Mexico, Mongolia, Morocco, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Pakistan, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yugoslavia, Zimbabwe" );; line 128588 (wfb::correspondent_members |International Organization for Standardization (ISO)| "(19) Bahrain, Barbados, Brunei, Estonia, Hong Kong, Jordan, Kuwait, Lithuania, Malawi, Malta, Mauritius, Nepal, Oman, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Qatar, Turkmenistan, Uganda, UAE" );; line 128599 (wfb::subscriber_members |International Organization for Standardization (ISO)| "(4) Antigua and Barbuda, Burundi, Grenada, Saint Lucia" );; line 128603 (wfb::address |International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement (ICRM)| "CICR, 19 Av de la Paix, CH-1202 Geneva, Switzerland" );; line 128609 (wfb::telephone |International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement (ICRM)| "[41] (22) 734 60 01" );; line 128611 (wfb::fax |International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement (ICRM)| "[41] (22) 733 20 57" );; line 128613 (wfb::established |International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement (ICRM)| "NA 1928" );; line 128615 (wfb::aim |International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement (ICRM)| "to promote worldwide humanitarian aid through the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) in wartime, and International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS; formerly League of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies or LORCS) in peacetime" );; line 128617 (wfb::national_societies |International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement (ICRM)| "(161 countries) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Austria, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, UAR, UK, US, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Western Samoa, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe" );; line 128622 (wfb::address |International Telecommunication Union (ITU)| "Place des Nations, 1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland" );; line 128649 (wfb::telephone |International Telecommunication Union (ITU)| "[41] (22) 730 51 11" );; line 128651 (wfb::fax |International Telecommunication Union (ITU)| "[41] (22) 733 72 56" );; line 128653 (wfb::established |International Telecommunication Union (ITU)| "9 December 1932" );; line 128655 (wfb::effective |International Telecommunication Union (ITU)| "1 January 1934" );; line 128657 (wfb::affiliated_with_the_un |International Telecommunication Union (ITU)| "15 November 1947" );; line 128659 (wfb::aim |International Telecommunication Union (ITU)| "to deal with world telecommunications issues; UN specialized agency" );; line 128661 (wfb::members |International Telecommunication Union (ITU)| "(184) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Holy See, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Western Samoa, Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended), Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe" );; line 128664 (wfb::address |International Telecommunications Satellite Organization (INTELSAT)| "INTELSAT, 3400 International Drive NW, Washington, DC 20008-3098, USA" );; line 128695 (wfb::telephone |International Telecommunications Satellite Organization (INTELSAT)| "[1] (202) 944 6800" );; line 128698 (wfb::fax |International Telecommunications Satellite Organization (INTELSAT)| "[1] (202) 944 7860" );; line 128700 (wfb::established |International Telecommunications Satellite Organization (INTELSAT)| "20 August 1971" );; line 128702 (wfb::effective |International Telecommunications Satellite Organization (INTELSAT)| "12 February 1973" );; line 128704 (wfb::aim |International Telecommunications Satellite Organization (INTELSAT)| "to develop and operate a global commercial telecommunications satellite system" );; line 128706 (wfb::members |International Telecommunications Satellite Organization (INTELSAT)| "(134) Afghanistan, Algeria, Angola, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Brazil, Brunei, Burkina, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Haiti, Holy See, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, Libya, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Monaco, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Singapore, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe" );; line 128709 (wfb::nonsignatory_users |International Telecommunications Satellite Organization (INTELSAT)| "(50) Albania, Antigua and Barbuda, Belarus, Belize, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Bulgaria, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Comoros, Cook Islands, Cuba, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Kiribati, North Korea, Laos, Latvia, Lesotho, Liberia, Lithuania, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Maldives, Malta, Marshall Islands, Moldova, Mongolia, Nauru, Niue, Sao Tome and Principe, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Tajikistan, Tonga, Turkmenistan, Tuvalu, Ukraine, Vanuatu, Western Samoa" );; line 128727 (wfb::address |Islamic Development Bank (IDB)| "P.O. Box 5925, Jeddah 21432, Saudi Arabia" );; line 128740 (wfb::telephone |Islamic Development Bank (IDB)| "[966] (2) 6361400" );; line 128742 (wfb::fax |Islamic Development Bank (IDB)| "[966] (2) 6366871" );; line 128744 (wfb::established |Islamic Development Bank (IDB)| "15 December 1973" );; line 128746 (wfb::aim |Islamic Development Bank (IDB)| "to promote Islamic economic aid and social development" );; line 128748 (wfb::members |Islamic Development Bank (IDB)| "(48 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Benin, Brunei, Burkina, Cameroon, Chad, Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt, Gabon, The Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, Libya, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Niger, Oman, Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tajikistan, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, UAE, Yemen, Palestine Liberation Organization" );; line 128750 (wfb::note |Latin American Economic System (LAES)| "also known as Sistema Economico Latinoamericana (SELA)" );; line 128762 (wfb::address |Latin American Economic System (LAES)| "SELA, Avda Francisco de Miranda, Torre Europa, piso 4, Chacaito, Apartado de Correos 17035, Caracas 1010-A, Venezuela" );; line 128764 (wfb::telephone |Latin American Economic System (LAES)| "[58] (2) 905 5111" );; line 128767 (wfb::fax |Latin American Economic System (LAES)| "[58] (2) 951 6953, 951 7246" );; line 128769 (wfb::established |Latin American Economic System (LAES)| "17 October 1975" );; line 128771 (wfb::aim |Latin American Economic System (LAES)| "to promote economic and social development through regional cooperation" );; line 128773 (wfb::members |Latin American Economic System (LAES)| "(27) Argentina, Barbados, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay, Venezuela" );; line 128776 (wfb::note |Latin American Integration Association (LAIA)| "also known as Asociacion Latinoamericana de Integracion (ALADI)" );; line 128785 (wfb::address |Latin American Integration Association (LAIA)| "Calle Cebollati 1461, Casilla de Correo 577, 11000 Montevideo, Uruguay" );; line 128787 (wfb::telephone |Latin American Integration Association (LAIA)| "[598] (2) 40 11 21, 49 59 15" );; line 128790 (wfb::fax |Latin American Integration Association (LAIA)| "[598] (2) 49 06 49" );; line 128792 (wfb::established |Latin American Integration Association (LAIA)| "12 August 1980" );; line 128794 (wfb::effective |Latin American Integration Association (LAIA)| "18 March 1981" );; line 128796 (wfb::aim |Latin American Integration Association (LAIA)| "to promote freer regional trade" );; line 128798 (wfb::members |Latin American Integration Association (LAIA)| "(11) Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela" );; line 128800 (wfb::observers |Latin American Integration Association (LAIA)| "(16) Commission of the European Communities, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Inter-American Development Bank, Italy, Nicaragua, Organization of American States, Panama, Portugal, Spain, United Nations Development Program, United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean" );; line 128803 (wfb::see |League of Arab States (LAS)| "Arab League (AL)" );; line 128813 (wfb::see |League of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (LORCS)| "International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS)" );; line 128819 (wfb::see london_suppliers_group "Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG)" );; line 128883 (wfb::see |Mercado Comun del Cono Sur (MERCOSUR)| "Southern Cone Common Market" );; line 128889 (wfb::established |Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR)| "April 1987" );; line 128900 (wfb::aim |Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR)| "to arrest missile proliferation by controlling the export of key missile technologies and equipment" );; line 128902 (wfb::members |Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR)| "(25) Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, US" );; line 128905 (wfb::address |Nonaligned Movement (NAM)| "c/o Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Jalan Taman Pejambon 6, Jakarta PUSAT, Indonesia" );; line 128932 (wfb::established |Nonaligned Movement (NAM)| "1-6 September 1961" );; line 128935 (wfb::aim |Nonaligned Movement (NAM)| "to establish political and military cooperation apart from the traditional East or West blocs" );; line 128937 (wfb::members |Nonaligned Movement (NAM)| "(110 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization) Afghanistan, Algeria, Angola, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Brunei, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Cuba, Cyprus, Djibouti, Ecuador, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Gabon, The Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Honduras, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jamaica, Jordan, Kenya, North Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Philippines, Qatar, Rwanda, Saint Lucia, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Somalia, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Uganda, UAE, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Palestine Liberation Organization" );; line 128940 (wfb::observers |Nonaligned Movement (NAM)| "(19) Afro-Asian Solidarity Organization, Antigua and Barbuda, Arab League, Armenia, Brazil, China, Costa Rica, Croatia, Dominica, El Salvador, Kanaka Socialist National Liberation Front (New Caledonia), Mexico, Mongolia, Organization of African Unity, Organization of the Islamic Conference, Papua New Guinea, Socialist Party of Puerto Rico, UN, Uruguay" );; line 128957 (wfb::guests |Nonaligned Movement (NAM)| "(21) Australia, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Canada, Dominican Republic, Finland, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, San Marino, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland" );; line 128963 (wfb::address |Nordic Council (NC)| "Tyrgatan 7, Box 19506, S-104 32 Stockholm, Sweden" );; line 128972 (wfb::telephone |Nordic Council (NC)| "[46] (8) 453 47 00" );; line 128974 (wfb::fax |Nordic Council (NC)| "[46] (8) 411 75 36" );; line 128976 (wfb::established |Nordic Council (NC)| "16 March 1952" );; line 128978 (wfb::effective |Nordic Council (NC)| "12 February 1953" );; line 128980 (wfb::aim |Nordic Council (NC)| "to promote regional economic, cultural, and environmental cooperation" );; line 128982 (wfb::members |Nordic Council (NC)| "(5) Denmark (including Faroe Islands and Greenland), Finland (including Aland Islands), Iceland, Norway, Sweden" );; line 128985 (wfb::observers |Nordic Council (NC)| "the Sami (Lapp) local parliaments of Finland, Norway, and Sweden" );; line 128988 (wfb::address |Nordic Investment Bank (NIB)| "Fabiansgatan 34, PB 249 SF-00171 Helsinki, Finland" );; line 128994 (wfb::telephone |Nordic Investment Bank (NIB)| "[358] (0) 18001" );; line 128996 (wfb::fax |Nordic Investment Bank (NIB)| "[358] (0) 1800309" );; line 128998 (wfb::established |Nordic Investment Bank (NIB)| "4 December 1975" );; line 129000 (wfb::effective |Nordic Investment Bank (NIB)| "1 June 1976" );; line 129002 (wfb::aim |Nordic Investment Bank (NIB)| "to promote economic cooperation and development" );; line 129004 (wfb::members |Nordic Investment Bank (NIB)| "(5) Denmark (including Faroe Islands and Greenland), Finland (including Aland Islands), Iceland, Norway, Sweden" );; line 129006 (wfb::note |North Atlantic Cooperation Council (NACC)| "an extension of NATO" );; line 129019 (wfb::address |North Atlantic Cooperation Council (NACC)| "c/o NATO, B-1110 Brussels, Belgium" );; line 129021 (wfb::telephone |North Atlantic Cooperation Council (NACC)| "[32] (2) 728 41 11" );; line 129023 (wfb::fax |North Atlantic Cooperation Council (NACC)| "[32] (2) 728 45 79" );; line 129025 (wfb::established |North Atlantic Cooperation Council (NACC)| "8 November 1991" );; line 129027 (wfb::effective |North Atlantic Cooperation Council (NACC)| "20 December 1991" );; line 129029 (wfb::aim |North Atlantic Cooperation Council (NACC)| "to discuss cooperation on mutual political and security issues" );; line 129031 (wfb::members |North Atlantic Cooperation Council (NACC)| "(38) Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Moldova, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Spain, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, UK, US, Uzbekistan" );; line 129033 (wfb::observer |North Atlantic Cooperation Council (NACC)| "(1) Finland" );; line 129039 (wfb::address |North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)| "B-110 Brussels, Belgium" );; line 129045 (wfb::telephone |North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)| "[32] (2) 728 41 11" );; line 129047 (wfb::fax |North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)| "[32] (2) 728 45 79" );; line 129049 (wfb::established |North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)| "17 September 1949" );; line 129051 (wfb::aim |North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)| "to promote mutual defense and cooperation" );; line 129053 (wfb::members |North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)| "(16) Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Turkey, UK, US" );; line 129055 (wfb::address |Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA)| "Le Seine St. Germain, 12 bd des Iles, F-92130 Issy-les- Moulineaux, France" );; line 129062 (wfb::telephone |Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA)| "[33] (1) 45 24 10 10" );; line 129065 (wfb::fax |Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA)| "[33] (1) 45 24 11 10" );; line 129067 (wfb::established |Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA)| "NA 1958" );; line 129069 (wfb::aim |Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA)| "to promote the peaceful uses of nuclear energy; associated with OECD" );; line 129071 (wfb::members |Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA)| "(23) Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, UK, US" );; line 129074 (wfb::note |Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG)| "also known as the London Suppliers Group" );; line 129082 (wfb::address |Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG)| "c/o IAEA, Wagramerstrasse 5, P.O. Box 100, A-1400 Vienna, Austria" );; line 129084 (wfb::telephone |Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG)| "[43] (1) 2360 2045" );; line 129086 (wfb::fax |Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG)| "[43] (1) 234564" );; line 129088 (wfb::established |Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG)| "1974" );; line 129090 (wfb::aim |Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG)| "to establish guidelines for exports of technical information, processing equipment for uranium enrichment and nuclear materials to countries of proliferation concern and regions of conflict and instability" );; line 129092 (wfb::members |Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG)| "(28) Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, US" );; line 129096 (wfb::observers |Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG)| "(2) Argentina, European Commission" );; line 129101 (wfb::see |Organismo para la Proscripcion de las Armas Nucleares en la America Latina y el Caribe (OPANAL)| "Agency for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean (OPANAL)" );; line 129108 (wfb::address |Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)| "2 rue Andre Pascal, F-75775 Paris CEDEX 16, France" );; line 129115 (wfb::telephone |Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)| "[33] (1) 45 24 82 00" );; line 129117 (wfb::fax |Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)| "[33] (1) 45 24 85 00, 45 24 81 76" );; line 129119 (wfb::established |Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)| "14 December 1960" );; line 129121 (wfb::effective |Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)| "30 September 1961" );; line 129123 (wfb::aim |Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)| "to promote economic cooperation and development" );; line 129125 (wfb::members |Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)| "(25) Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Mexico, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, UK, US" );; line 129127 (wfb::special_member |Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)| "(1) EU" );; line 129131 (wfb::address |Organization of African Unity (OAU)| "P. O. Box 3243, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia" );; line 129137 (wfb::telephone |Organization of African Unity (OAU)| "[251] (1) 517700" );; line 129139 (wfb::fax |Organization of African Unity (OAU)| "[251] (1) 512622" );; line 129141 (wfb::established |Organization of African Unity (OAU)| "25 May 1963" );; line 129143 (wfb::aim |Organization of African Unity (OAU)| "to promote unity and cooperation among African states" );; line 129145 (wfb::members |Organization of African Unity (OAU)| "(53) Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Djibouti, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe" );; line 129147 (wfb::address |Organization of American States (OAS)| "corner of 17th Street and Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20006, USA" );; line 129160 (wfb::telephone |Organization of American States (OAS)| "[1] (202) 458 3000 FAX [1] (202) 458 3967" );; line 129163 (wfb::established |Organization of American States (OAS)| "30 April 1948" );; line 129165 (wfb::effective |Organization of American States (OAS)| "13 December 1951" );; line 129167 (wfb::aim |Organization of American States (OAS)| "to promote regional peace and security as well as economic and social development" );; line 129169 (wfb::members |Organization of American States (OAS)| "(35) Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, The Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba (excluded from formal participation since 1962), Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, US, Uruguay, Venezuela" );; line 129172 (wfb::observers |Organization of American States (OAS)| "(31) Algeria, Angola, Austria, Belgium, Central American Parliament, Commission of the European Communities, Cyprus, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Holy See, Hungary, India, Israel, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Morocco, Netherlands, Pakistan, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Switzerland, Tunisia" );; line 129180 (wfb::address |Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC)| "POB 20501, Safat 13066, Kuwait" );; line 129190 (wfb::telephone |Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC)| "[965] 5340713" );; line 129192 (wfb::fax |Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC)| "[965] 5340694" );; line 129194 (wfb::established |Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC)| "9 January 1968" );; line 129196 (wfb::aim |Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC)| "to promote cooperation in the petroleum industry" );; line 129198 (wfb::members |Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC)| "(10) Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, UAE" );; line 129200 (wfb::address |Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS)| "P.O. Box 179, The Morne, Castries, St. Lucia" );; line 129207 (wfb::telephone |Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS)| "[1] (809) 452 2537" );; line 129209 (wfb::fax |Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS)| "[1] (809) 453 1628" );; line 129211 (wfb::established |Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS)| "18 June 1981" );; line 129213 (wfb::effective |Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS)| "4 July 1981" );; line 129215 (wfb::aim |Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS)| "to promote political, economic, and defense cooperation" );; line 129217 (wfb::members |Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS)| "(7) Antigua and Barbuda, Dominica, Grenada, Montserrat, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines" );; line 129219 (wfb::associate_member |Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS)| "(1) British Virgin Islands" );; line 129222 (wfb::address |Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)| "Obere Donaustrasse 93, A-1020 Vienna, Austria" );; line 129228 (wfb::telephone |Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)| "[43] (1) 21 11 20" );; line 129230 (wfb::fax |Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)| "[43] (1) 26 43 20" );; line 129232 (wfb::established |Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)| "14 September 1960" );; line 129234 (wfb::aim |Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)| "to coordinate petroleum policies" );; line 129236 (wfb::members |Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)| "(12) Algeria, Gabon, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Venezuela" );; line 129238 (wfb::address |Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC)| "Kilo 6, Mecca Road, P.O. Box 178, Jeddah 21411, Saudi Arabia" );; line 129245 (wfb::telephone |Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC)| "[966] (2) 680-0800" );; line 129247 (wfb::fax |Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC)| "[966] (2) 687-3568" );; line 129249 (wfb::established |Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC)| "22-25 September 1969" );; line 129251 (wfb::aim |Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC)| "to promote Islamic solidarity in economic, social, cultural, and political affairs" );; line 129253 (wfb::members |Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC)| "(48 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Benin, Brunei, Burkina, Cameroon, Chad, Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt, Gabon, The Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, Libya, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Niger, Oman, Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tajikistan, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, UAE, Yemen, Palestine Liberation Organization" );; line 129256 (wfb::observers |Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC)| "(3) Kazakhstan, Mozambique, \"Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus\"" );; line 129264 (wfb::note |Organization on Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)| "formerly the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE)" );; line 129270 (wfb::address |Organization on Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)| "Thunovska 12, Mala Strana, 110 00 Prague 1, Czech Republic" );; line 129273 (wfb::telephone |Organization on Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)| "[422] (2) 24311069" );; line 129275 (wfb::fax |Organization on Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)| "[422] (2) 24310629" );; line 129277 (wfb::established |Organization on Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)| "1 January 1995" );; line 129279 (wfb::aim |Organization on Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)| "to discuss issues of mutual concern and to review implementation of the Helsinki Agreement" );; line 129281 (wfb::members |Organization on Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)| "(53) Albania, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Holy See, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Moldova, Monaco, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, San Marino, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, UK, US, Uzbekistan, Yugoslavia (suspended)" );; line 129284 (wfb::observer |Organization on Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)| "(1) The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia" );; line 129293 (wfb::see paris_club "Group of 10" );; line 129299 (wfb::established |Partnership for Peace (PFP)| "10-11 January 1994" );; line 129305 (wfb::aim |Partnership for Peace (PFP)| "to expand and intensify political and military cooperation throughout Europe, increase stability, diminish threats to peace, and build relationships by promoting the spirit of practical cooperation and commitment to democratic principles that underpin NATO; program under the auspices of NATO" );; line 129307 (wfb::members |Partnership for Peace (PFP)| "(24) Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland, Georgia, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan" );; line 129312 (wfb::address |Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA)| "Peace Palace, Carnegieplein 2, NL-2517 KJ The Hague, Netherlands" );; line 129321 (wfb::telephone |Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA)| "[31] (70) 346 96 80" );; line 129323 (wfb::fax |Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA)| "[31] (70) 356 13 38" );; line 129325 (wfb::established |Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA)| "29 July 1899" );; line 129327 (wfb::aim |Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA)| "to facilitate the settlement of international disputes" );; line 129329 (wfb::members |Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA)| "(80) Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Fiji, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Italy, Japan, Jordan, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon, Luxembourg, Malta, Mauritius, Mexico, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Senegal, Singapore, Slovakia, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, UK, US, Uruguay, Venezuela, Zaire, Zimbabwe" );; line 129331 (wfb::address population_commission "c/o ECOSOC, United Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA" );; line 129346 (wfb::telephone population_commission "[1] (212) 754 1234" );; line 129348 (wfb::established population_commission "3 October 1946" );; line 129350 (wfb::aim population_commission "to deal with population matters of importance to the UN, as part of Economic and Social Council organization" );; line 129352 (wfb::members population_commission "(27) selected on a rotating basis from all regions" );; line 129355 (wfb::note |Rio Group (RG)| "formerly known as Grupo de los Ocho, established in December 1986" );; line 129361 (wfb::established |Rio Group (RG)| "NA 1988" );; line 129363 (wfb::aim |Rio Group (RG)| "to consult on regional Latin American issues" );; line 129365 (wfb::members |Rio Group (RG)| "(11) Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela; note - Panama was expelled in 1988" );; line 129367 (wfb::see social_commission "Commission for Social Development" );; line 129381 (wfb::address |South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)| "P.O. Box 4222, Kathmandu, Nepal" );; line 129399 (wfb::telephone |South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)| "[977] (1) 221785, 221787, 221794" );; line 129401 (wfb::fax |South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)| "[977] (1) 227033" );; line 129403 (wfb::established |South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)| "8 December 1985" );; line 129405 (wfb::aim |South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)| "to promote economic, social, and cultural cooperation" );; line 129407 (wfb::members |South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)| "(7) Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka" );; line 129409 (wfb::address |South Pacific Commission (SPC)| "Anse Vata, BP D5 Noumea CEDEX, New Caledonia" );; line 129416 (wfb::telephone |South Pacific Commission (SPC)| "[687] 26 20 00 FAX [687] 26 38 18" );; line 129418 (wfb::established |South Pacific Commission (SPC)| "6 February 1947" );; line 129420 (wfb::effective |South Pacific Commission (SPC)| "29 July 1948" );; line 129422 (wfb::aim |South Pacific Commission (SPC)| "to promote regional cooperation in economic and social matters" );; line 129424 (wfb::members |South Pacific Commission (SPC)| "(27) American Samoa, Australia, Cook Islands, Fiji, France, French Polynesia, Guam, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Nauru, New Caledonia, NZ, Niue, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Pitcairn Islands, Solomon Islands, Tokelau, Tonga, Tuvalu, UK, US, Vanuatu, Wallis and Futuna, Western Samoa" );; line 129426 (wfb::address |South Pacific Forum (SPF)| "c/o forum Secretariat, Ratu Sukuna Road GPO Box 856, Suva, Fiji" );; line 129436 (wfb::telephone |South Pacific Forum (SPF)| "[679] 312 600, 303 106" );; line 129438 (wfb::fax |South Pacific Forum (SPF)| "[679] 302 204" );; line 129440 (wfb::established |South Pacific Forum (SPF)| "5 August 1971" );; line 129442 (wfb::aim |South Pacific Forum (SPF)| "to promote regional cooperation in political matters" );; line 129444 (wfb::members |South Pacific Forum (SPF)| "(15) Australia, Cook Islands, Fiji, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Nauru, NZ, Niue, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu, Western Samoa" );; line 129446 (wfb::observer |South Pacific Forum (SPF)| "(1) Palau" );; line 129450 (wfb::address |South Pacific Regional Trade and Economic Cooperation Agreement (SPARTECA)| "(see South Pacific Forum)" );; line 129457 (wfb::established |South Pacific Regional Trade and Economic Cooperation Agreement (SPARTECA)| "NA 1981" );; line 129459 (wfb::aim |South Pacific Regional Trade and Economic Cooperation Agreement (SPARTECA)| "to redress unequal trade relationship of Australia and New Zealand with small island economies in Pacific region" );; line 129461 (wfb::members |South Pacific Regional Trade and Economic Cooperation Agreement (SPARTECA)| "(15) Australia, Cook Islands, Fiji, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Nauru, NZ, Niue, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu, Western Samoa" );; line 129464 (wfb::address |Southern African Customs Union (SACU)| "Director General, Trade and Industry, Private Bag X84, Pretoria 0001, South Africa" );; line 129472 (wfb::established |Southern African Customs Union (SACU)| "11 December 1969" );; line 129475 (wfb::aim |Southern African Customs Union (SACU)| "to promote free trade and cooperation in customs matters" );; line 129477 (wfb::members |Southern African Customs Union (SACU)| "(9) Bophuthatswana, Botswana, Ciskei, Lesotho, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Transkei, Venda" );; line 129479 (wfb::note |Southern African Development Community (SADC)| "evolved from the Southern African Development Coordination Conference (SADCC)" );; line 129486 (wfb::address |Southern African Development Community (SADC)| "Private Bag 008, Gaborone, Botswana" );; line 129489 (wfb::telephone |Southern African Development Community (SADC)| "[267] (31) 51863, 51864, 51865" );; line 129491 (wfb::fax |Southern African Development Community (SADC)| "[267] (31) 372848" );; line 129493 (wfb::established |Southern African Development Community (SADC)| "17 August 1992" );; line 129495 (wfb::aim |Southern African Development Community (SADC)| "to promote regional economic development and integration" );; line 129497 (wfb::members |Southern African Development Community (SADC)| "(11) Angola, Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe" );; line 129499 (wfb::address |Southern Cone Common Market (MERCOSUR)| "c/o Cancilleria de la Republica de Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina" );; line 129506 (wfb::established |Southern Cone Common Market (MERCOSUR)| "26 March 1991" );; line 129509 (wfb::aim |Southern Cone Common Market (MERCOSUR)| "to increase regional economic cooperation" );; line 129511 (wfb::members |Southern Cone Common Market (MERCOSUR)| "(4) Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay" );; line 129513 (wfb::address statistical_commission "c/o ECOSOC, United Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA" );; line 129519 (wfb::telephone statistical_commission "[1] (212) 963 1234" );; line 129521 (wfb::fax statistical_commission "[1] (212) 758 2718" );; line 129523 (wfb::established statistical_commission "21 June 1946" );; line 129525 (wfb::aim statistical_commission "to deal with development and standardization of national statistics of interest to the UN, as part of the Economic and Social Council organization" );; line 129527 (wfb::members statistical_commission "(24) selected on a rotating basis from all regions" );; line 129531 (wfb::see |Union Douaniere et Economique de l'Afrique Centrale (UDEAC)| "Central African Customs and Economic Union (UDEAC)" );; line 129553 (wfb::address |United Nations (UN)| "United Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA" );; line 129559 (wfb::telephone |United Nations (UN)| "[1] (212) 963 1234" );; line 129561 (wfb::fax |United Nations (UN)| "[1] (212) 758 2718" );; line 129563 (wfb::established |United Nations (UN)| "26 June 1945" );; line 129565 (wfb::effective |United Nations (UN)| "24 October 1945" );; line 129567 (wfb::aim |United Nations (UN)| "to maintain international peace and security and to promote cooperation involving economic, social, cultural and humanitarian problems" );; line 129569 (wfb::members |United Nations (UN)| "(184 excluding Yugoslavia) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Western Samoa, Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended), Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe; note - all UN members are represented in the General Assembly" );; line 129572 (wfb::observers |United Nations (UN)| "(2 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization) Holy See, Switzerland, Palestine Liberation Organization" );; line 129600 (wfb::note |United Nations Angola Verification Mission (UNAVEM II)| "successor to original UNAVEM" );; line 129607 (wfb::address |United Nations Angola Verification Mission (UNAVEM II)| "c/o United Nations, UNAVEM II, New York, NY 10017, USA" );; line 129609 (wfb::telephone |United Nations Angola Verification Mission (UNAVEM II)| "[1] (212) 963 1234" );; line 129611 (wfb::fax |United Nations Angola Verification Mission (UNAVEM II)| "[1] (212) 758 2718" );; line 129613 (wfb::established |United Nations Angola Verification Mission (UNAVEM II)| "20 December 1988" );; line 129615 (wfb::aim |United Nations Angola Verification Mission (UNAVEM II)| "to verify the withdrawal of Cuban troops from Angola; established by the UN Security Council" );; line 129617 (wfb::members |United Nations Angola Verification Mission (UNAVEM II)| "(16) Argentina, Brazil, Congo, Guinea-Bissau, Hungary, India, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Netherlands, NZ, Nigeria, Norway, Slovakia, Sweden, Zimbabwe" );; line 129620 (wfb::established |United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda (UNAMIR)| "5 October 1993" );; line 129628 (wfb::aim |United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda (UNAMIR)| "to monitor ceasefire agreement, to support and provide safe conditions for displaced persons; established by the UN Security Council" );; line 129630 (wfb::members |United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda (UNAMIR)| "(17) Austria, Bangladesh, Canada, Congo, Egypt, Fiji, Ghana, Malawi, Mali, Nigeria, Poland, Russia, Senegal, Togo, Tunisia, Uruguay, Zimbabwe" );; line 129633 (wfb::note |United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)| "acronym retained from the predecessor organization UN International Children's Emergency Fund" );; line 129640 (wfb::address |United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)| "UNICEF House, Three United Nations Plaza, New York, NY 10017, USA" );; line 129643 (wfb::telephone |United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)| "[1] (212) 326 7000" );; line 129645 (wfb::established |United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)| "11 December 1946" );; line 129647 (wfb::aim |United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)| "to help establish child health and welfare services" );; line 129649 (wfb::members |United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)| "(41) selected on a rotating basis from all regions" );; line 129651 (wfb::address |United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)| "Palais des Nations, CH-1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland" );; line 129657 (wfb::telephone |United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)| "[41] (22) 917 12 34, 907 12 34" );; line 129659 (wfb::fax |United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)| "[41] (22) 907 00 57" );; line 129661 (wfb::established |United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)| "30 December 1964" );; line 129663 (wfb::aim |United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)| "to promote international trade" );; line 129665 (wfb::members |United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)| "(187) all UN members plus Holy See, Switzerland, Tonga" );; line 129667 (wfb::address |United Nations Development Program (UNDP)| "One United National Plaza, New York, NY 10017, USA" );; line 129673 (wfb::telephone |United Nations Development Program (UNDP)| "[1] (212) 906 5788, 906 500 FAX [1] (212) 906 5365" );; line 129675 (wfb::established |United Nations Development Program (UNDP)| "22 November 1965" );; line 129677 (wfb::aim |United Nations Development Program (UNDP)| "to provide technical assistance to stimulate economic and social development" );; line 129679 (wfb::members |United Nations Development Program (UNDP)| "(36) selected on a rotating basis from all regions" );; line 129682 (wfb::address |United Nations Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF)| "c/o UNDOF, P.O. Box 5368, Damascus, Syrian AR" );; line 129688 (wfb::established |United Nations Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF)| "31 May 1974" );; line 129690 (wfb::aim |United Nations Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF)| "to observe the 1973 Arab-Israeli ceasefire; established by the UN Security Council" );; line 129692 (wfb::members |United Nations Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF)| "(4) Austria, Canada, Finland, Poland" );; line 129695 (wfb::address |United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)| "7 place de Fontenoy, F-75700 Paris, France" );; line 129702 (wfb::telephone |United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)| "[33] (1) 45 68 10 00" );; line 129704 (wfb::fax |United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)| "[33] (1) 45 67 16 90" );; line 129706 (wfb::established |United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)| "16 November 1945" );; line 129708 (wfb::effective |United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)| "4 November 1946" );; line 129710 (wfb::aim |United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)| "to promote cooperation in education, science, and culture" );; line 129712 (wfb::members |United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)| "(182) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Niue, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Tuvalu, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Western Samoa, Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended), Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe" );; line 129714 (wfb::associate_members |United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)| "(3) Aruba, British Virgin Islands, Netherlands Antilles" );; line 129740 (wfb::address |United Nations Environment Program (UNEP)| "One United Nations Plaza, New York, NY 10017, USA" );; line 129746 (wfb::telephone |United Nations Environment Program (UNEP)| "[1] (212) 906 5000" );; line 129748 (wfb::fax |United Nations Environment Program (UNEP)| "[1] (212) 826 2057" );; line 129750 (wfb::established |United Nations Environment Program (UNEP)| "15 December 1972" );; line 129752 (wfb::aim |United Nations Environment Program (UNEP)| "to promote international cooperation on all environmental matters" );; line 129754 (wfb::members |United Nations Environment Program (UNEP)| "(58) selected on a rotating basis from all regions" );; line 129756 (wfb::address |United Nations Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP)| "c/o UN Peace Keeping Missions, Office for Special Political Affairs, United Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA" );; line 129762 (wfb::telephone |United Nations Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP)| "[1] (212) 963 1234" );; line 129765 (wfb::fax |United Nations Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP)| "[1] (212) 963 4879" );; line 129767 (wfb::established |United Nations Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP)| "4 March 1964" );; line 129769 (wfb::aim |United Nations Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP)| "to serve as a peacekeeping force between Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots in Cyprus; established by the UN Security Council" );; line 129771 (wfb::members |United Nations Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP)| "(8) Argentina, Australia, Austria, Canada, Denmark, Finland, Ireland, UK" );; line 129774 (wfb::address united_nations_general_assembly "see United Nations" );; line 129781 (wfb::established united_nations_general_assembly "26 June 1945" );; line 129783 (wfb::effective united_nations_general_assembly "24 October 1945" );; line 129785 (wfb::aim united_nations_general_assembly "to function as the primary deliberative organ of the UN" );; line 129787 (wfb::members united_nations_general_assembly "(185) all UN members are represented in the General Assembly" );; line 129789 (wfb::address |United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)| "Vienna International Center, P.O. Box 300, A-1400 Vienna, Austria" );; line 129795 (wfb::telephone |United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)| "[43] (1) 211 310" );; line 129797 (wfb::fax |United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)| "[43] (1) 23 21 56" );; line 129799 (wfb::established |United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)| "17 November 1966" );; line 129801 (wfb::effective |United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)| "1 January 1967" );; line 129803 (wfb::aim |United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)| "UN specialized agency that promotes industrial development especially among the members" );; line 129805 (wfb::members |United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)| "(166) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, Somalia, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended), Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe" );; line 129808 (wfb::established |United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR)| "11 December 1963" );; line 129835 (wfb::aim |United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR)| "to help the UN become more effective through training and research members (Board of Trustees) - (24) Argentina, Belgium, Canada, China, Cote d'Ivoire, France, Germany, India, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Libya, Mexico, Netherlands, Norway, Pakistan, Russia, Sweden, Switzerland, Tunisia, Uganda, UK, US, Yugoslavia" );; line 129837 (wfb::address |United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL)| "c/o UN Peace Keeping Missions, Office for Special Political Affairs, United Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA" );; line 129847 (wfb::telephone |United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL)| "[1] (212) 963 1234" );; line 129850 (wfb::fax |United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL)| "[1] (212) 963 4879" );; line 129852 (wfb::established |United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL)| "19 March 1978" );; line 129854 (wfb::aim |United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL)| "to confirm the withdrawal of Israeli forces, restore peace, and reestablish Lebanese authority in southern Lebanon; established by the UN Security Council" );; line 129856 (wfb::members |United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL)| "(9) Fiji, Finland, France, Ghana, Ireland, Italy, Nepal, Norway, Poland" );; line 129860 (wfb::address |United Nations Iraq-Kuwait Observation Mission (UNIKOM)| "c/o UN Peace Keeping Mission, Office for Special Political Affairs, United Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA telephone [1] (212) 963 1234" );; line 129867 (wfb::fax |United Nations Iraq-Kuwait Observation Mission (UNIKOM)| "[1] (212) 963 4879" );; line 129870 (wfb::established |United Nations Iraq-Kuwait Observation Mission (UNIKOM)| "9 April 1991" );; line 129872 (wfb::aim |United Nations Iraq-Kuwait Observation Mission (UNIKOM)| "to observe and monitor the demilitarized zone established between Iraq and Kuwait; established by the UN Security Council" );; line 129874 (wfb::members |United Nations Iraq-Kuwait Observation Mission (UNIKOM)| "(33) Argentina, Austria, Bangladesh, Canada, China, Denmark, Fiji, Finland, France, Ghana, Greece, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Italy, Kenya, Malaysia, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Poland, Romania, Russia, Senegal, Singapore, Sweden, Thailand, Turkey, UK, US, Uruguay, Venezuela" );; line 129877 (wfb::address |United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan (UNMOGIP)| "c/o OUSGSPA, Room 3853, United Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA" );; line 129887 (wfb::telephone |United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan (UNMOGIP)| "[1] (212) 963 4457" );; line 129889 (wfb::fax |United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan (UNMOGIP)| "[1] (212) 758 2718" );; line 129891 (wfb::established |United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan (UNMOGIP)| "13 August 1948" );; line 129893 (wfb::aim |United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan (UNMOGIP)| "to observe the 1949 India-Pakistan ceasefire; established by the UN Security Council" );; line 129895 (wfb::members |United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan (UNMOGIP)| "(8) Belgium, Chile, Denmark, Finland, Italy, Norway, Sweden, Uruguay" );; line 129898 (wfb::established |United Nations Mission in Haiti (UNMIH)| "23 September 1993" );; line 129905 (wfb::aim |United Nations Mission in Haiti (UNMIH)| "to assist in implementing the agreement to transfer power back into the civilian government; established by the UN Security Council" );; line 129907 (wfb::members |United Nations Mission in Haiti (UNMIH)| "(14) Algeria, Argentina, Austria, Canada, France, Indonesia, Madagascar, Russia, Senegal, Spain, Switzerland, Tunisia, US, Venezuela" );; line 129910 (wfb::established |United Nations Mission in Liberia (UNOMIL)| "22 September 1993" );; line 129917 (wfb::aim |United Nations Mission in Liberia (UNOMIL)| "to assist in the implementation of the peace agreement; established by the UN Security Council" );; line 129919 (wfb::members |United Nations Mission in Liberia (UNOMIL)| "(13) Austria, Bangladesh, China, Czech Republic, Egypt, Guinea- Bissau, India, Jordan, Kenya, Malaysia, Pakistan, Slovakia, Uruguay" );; line 129922 (wfb::address |United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO)| "c/o UN Peace Keeping Missions, Office for Special Political Affairs, United Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA" );; line 129930 (wfb::telephone |United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO)| "[1] (212) 963 1234" );; line 129933 (wfb::fax |United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO)| "[1] (212) 963 4879" );; line 129935 (wfb::established |United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO)| "29 April 1991" );; line 129937 (wfb::aim |United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO)| "to supervise the referendum in Western Sahara; established by the UN Security Council" );; line 129939 (wfb::members |United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO)| "(27) Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Belgium, Canada, China, Egypt, France, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guinea, Honduras, Ireland, Italy, Kenya, Malaysia, Nigeria, Pakistan, Poland, Russia, Switzerland, Togo, Tunisia, US, Venezuela" );; line 129942 (wfb::address |United Nations Observer Mission in El Salvador (ONUSAL)| "c/o UN Peace Keeping Missions, Office for Special Political Affairs, United Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA" );; line 129951 (wfb::telephone |United Nations Observer Mission in El Salvador (ONUSAL)| "[1] (212) 963 1234" );; line 129954 (wfb::fax |United Nations Observer Mission in El Salvador (ONUSAL)| "[1] (212) 963 4879" );; line 129956 (wfb::established |United Nations Observer Mission in El Salvador (ONUSAL)| "20 May 1991" );; line 129958 (wfb::aim |United Nations Observer Mission in El Salvador (ONUSAL)| "to verify ceasefire arrangements and to monitor the maintenance of public order pending the organization of a new National Civil Police; established by the UN Security Council" );; line 129960 (wfb::members |United Nations Observer Mission in El Salvador (ONUSAL)| "(14) Argentina, Austria, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, France, Guyana, Ireland, Italy, Mexico, Spain, Sweden, Venezuela" );; line 129964 (wfb::address |United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia (UNOMIG)| "c/o UN Peace Keeping Missions, Office for Special Political Affairs, United Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA" );; line 129971 (wfb::telephone |United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia (UNOMIG)| "[1] (212) 963 1234" );; line 129974 (wfb::fax |United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia (UNOMIG)| "[1] (212) 963 4879" );; line 129976 (wfb::established |United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia (UNOMIG)| "1993 for a period of six months" );; line 129978 (wfb::aim |United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia (UNOMIG)| "to verify compliance with the cease-fire agreement reached 27 July 1993 and investigate reports of violations of that agreement; established by the UN Security Council" );; line 129980 (wfb::members |United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia (UNOMIG)| "(7) Bangladesh, Denmark, Germany, Hungary, Poland, Sweden, Switzerland" );; line 129984 (wfb::address |United Nations Observer Mission Uganda-Rwanda (UNOMUR)| "c/o UN Peace Keeping Missions, Office for Special Political Affairs, United Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA" );; line 129991 (wfb::telephone |United Nations Observer Mission Uganda-Rwanda (UNOMUR)| "[1] (212) 963 1234" );; line 129994 (wfb::fax |United Nations Observer Mission Uganda-Rwanda (UNOMUR)| "[1] (212) 963 4879" );; line 129996 (wfb::established |United Nations Observer Mission Uganda-Rwanda (UNOMUR)| "1993 for six months" );; line 129998 (wfb::aim |United Nations Observer Mission Uganda-Rwanda (UNOMUR)| "to monitor the Uganda/Rwanda border to verify that no military assistance reaches Rwanda across the border; established by the UN Security Council" );; line 130000 (wfb::members |United Nations Observer Mission Uganda-Rwanda (UNOMUR)| "(8) Bangladesh, Botswana, Brazil, Hungary, Netherlands, Senegal, Slovakia, Zimbabwe" );; line 130004 (wfb::address |United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)| "Case postale 2500, Depot, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland" );; line 130012 (wfb::telephone |United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)| "[41] (22) 739 81 11" );; line 130014 (wfb::fax |United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)| "[41] (22) 731 95 46" );; line 130016 (wfb::established |United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)| "3 December 1949" );; line 130018 (wfb::effective |United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)| "1 January 1951" );; line 130020 (wfb::aim |United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)| "to ensure the humanitarian treatment of refugees and find permanent solutions to refugee problems" );; line 130022 (wfb::members |United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)| "(47) Algeria, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Denmark, Ethiopia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Holy See, Hungary, Iran, Israel, Italy, Japan, Lebanon, Lesotho, Madagascar, Morocco, Namibia, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Philippines, Somalia, Spain, Sudan, Sweden, Switzerland, Tanzania, Thailand, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, UK, US, Venezuela, Yugoslavia, Zaire" );; line 130025 (wfb::note |United Nations Operation in Mozambique (UNOMOZ)| "supposed to shut down 31 January 1995" );; line 130036 (wfb::address |United Nations Operation in Mozambique (UNOMOZ)| "c/o UN Peace Keeping Missions, Office for Special Political Affairs, United Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA" );; line 130038 (wfb::telephone |United Nations Operation in Mozambique (UNOMOZ)| "[1] (212) 963 1234" );; line 130041 (wfb::fax |United Nations Operation in Mozambique (UNOMOZ)| "[1] (212) 963 4879" );; line 130043 (wfb::established |United Nations Operation in Mozambique (UNOMOZ)| "16 December 1992" );; line 130045 (wfb::aim |United Nations Operation in Mozambique (UNOMOZ)| "to supervise the ceasefire; established by the UN Security Council" );; line 130047 (wfb::members |United Nations Operation in Mozambique (UNOMOZ)| "(27) Argentina, Austria, Bangladesh, Botswana, Brazil, Canada, Cape Verde, China, Czech Republic, Egypt, Guinea-Bissau, Hungary, India, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Jordan, Malaysia, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Russia, Spain, Sweden, US, Uruguay, Zambia" );; line 130050 (wfb::note |United Nations Operation in Somalia (UNOSOM II)| "UN peacekeepers left Somalia on 1 March 1995; some UN personnel remain in Somalia engaged in humanitarian work" );; line 130059 (wfb::address |United Nations Operation in Somalia (UNOSOM II)| "c/o UN Peace Keeping Missions, Office for Special Political Affairs, United Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA" );; line 130062 (wfb::telephone |United Nations Operation in Somalia (UNOSOM II)| "[1] (212) 963 1234" );; line 130065 (wfb::fax |United Nations Operation in Somalia (UNOSOM II)| "[1] (212) 963 4879" );; line 130067 (wfb::established |United Nations Operation in Somalia (UNOSOM II)| "24 April 1992" );; line 130069 (wfb::aim |United Nations Operation in Somalia (UNOSOM II)| "to facilitate an immediate cessation of hostilities, to maintain a ceasefire in order to promote a political settlement, and to provide urgent humanitarian assistance; established by the UN Security Council" );; line 130071 (wfb::members |United Nations Operation in Somalia (UNOSOM II)| "(14) Australia, Bangladesh, Botswana, Canada, Egypt, India, Ireland, Malaysia, Nepal, NZ, Nigeria, Pakistan, Romania, Zimbabwe" );; line 130075 (wfb::note |United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)| "acronym retained from predecessor organization UN Fund for Population Activities" );; line 130082 (wfb::address |United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)| "220 E. 42nd Street, 19th Floor, Room DN-1901, New York, NY 10017, USA" );; line 130085 (wfb::telephone |United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)| "[1] (212) 297 5000" );; line 130088 (wfb::fax |United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)| "[1] (212) 557 6416" );; line 130090 (wfb::established |United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)| "NA July 1967" );; line 130092 (wfb::aim |United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)| "to assist both developed and developing countries to deal with their population problems" );; line 130094 (wfb::members |United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)| "(52) selected on a rotating basis from all regions" );; line 130097 (wfb::address |United Nations Protection Force (UNPROFOR)| "c/o UN Peace Keeping Mission, Office for Special Political Affairs, United Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA" );; line 130103 (wfb::telephone |United Nations Protection Force (UNPROFOR)| "[1] (212) 963 1234" );; line 130106 (wfb::fax |United Nations Protection Force (UNPROFOR)| "[1] (212) 963 4879" );; line 130108 (wfb::established |United Nations Protection Force (UNPROFOR)| "28 February 1992" );; line 130110 (wfb::aim |United Nations Protection Force (UNPROFOR)| "to create conditions for peace and security required for the negotiation of an overall settlement of the \"Yugoslav\" crisis; established by the UN Security Council" );; line 130112 (wfb::members |United Nations Protection Force (UNPROFOR)| "(35) Argentina, Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Colombia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Ghana, Indonesia, Ireland, Jordan, Kenya, Malaysia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tunisia, Ukraine, UK, US, Venezuela" );; line 130116 (wfb::address |United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA)| "Vienna International Center, P. O. Box 700, A-1400 Vienna, Austria" );; line 130127 (wfb::telephone |United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA)| "[43] (1) 211 31, ext. 4530" );; line 130130 (wfb::fax |United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA)| "[43] (1) 230 7487" );; line 130132 (wfb::established |United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA)| "8 December 1949" );; line 130134 (wfb::aim |United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA)| "to provide assistance to Palestinian refugees" );; line 130136 (wfb::members |United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA)| "(10) Belgium, Egypt, France, Japan, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey, UK, US" );; line 130138 (wfb::established |United Nations Research Institute for Social Development (UNRISD)| "1 July 1964" );; line 130145 (wfb::aim |United Nations Research Institute for Social Development (UNRISD)| "to conduct research into the problems of economic development during different phases of economic growth" );; line 130147 (wfb::members |United Nations Research Institute for Social Development (UNRISD)| "no country members, but a Board of Directors consisting of a chairman appointed by the UN secretary general and 10 individual members" );; line 130150 (wfb::address united_nations_secretariat "see United Nations" );; line 130157 (wfb::established united_nations_secretariat "26 June 1945" );; line 130159 (wfb::effective united_nations_secretariat "24 October 1945" );; line 130161 (wfb::aim united_nations_secretariat "to serve as the primary administrative organ of the UN; a Secretary General is appointed for a five-year term by the General Assembly on the recommendation of the Security Council" );; line 130163 (wfb::members united_nations_secretariat "the UN secretary general and staff" );; line 130167 (wfb::address united_nations_security_council "c/o United Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA" );; line 130173 (wfb::telephone united_nations_security_council "[1] (212) 963 1234" );; line 130175 (wfb::fax united_nations_security_council "[1] (212) 758 2718" );; line 130177 (wfb::established united_nations_security_council "26 June 1945" );; line 130179 (wfb::effective united_nations_security_council "24 October 1945" );; line 130181 (wfb::aim united_nations_security_council "to maintain international peace and security" );; line 130183 (wfb::permanent_members united_nations_security_council "(5) China, France, Russia, UK, US" );; line 130185 (wfb::nonpermanent_members united_nations_security_council "(10) elected for two-year terms by the UN General Assembly; Argentina (1994-95), Brazil (1993-94), Czech Republic (1994-95), Djibouti (1993-94), NZ (1993-94), Nigeria (1994-95), Oman (1994-95), Pakistan (1993-94), Rwanda (1994-95), Spain (1993-94)" );; line 130187 (wfb::address |United Nations Truce Supervision Organization (UNTSO)| "Government House, P.O. Box 490, Jerusalem, Israel" );; line 130208 (wfb::telephone |United Nations Truce Supervision Organization (UNTSO)| "[972] (2) 734 223" );; line 130210 (wfb::established |United Nations Truce Supervision Organization (UNTSO)| "NA May 1948" );; line 130212 (wfb::aim |United Nations Truce Supervision Organization (UNTSO)| "to supervise the 1948 Arab-Israeli ceasefire and subsequently extended to work in the Sinai, Lebanon, Jordan, Afghanistan, and Pakistan; initially established by the UN Security Council" );; line 130214 (wfb::members |United Nations Truce Supervision Organization (UNTSO)| "(19) Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Chile, China, Denmark, Finland, France, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Russia, Sweden, Switzerland, US" );; line 130218 (wfb::established |United Nations University (UNU)| "6 December 1973" );; line 130234 (wfb::aim |United Nations University (UNU)| "to conduct research in development, welfare, and human survival and to train scholars" );; line 130236 (wfb::|members (associated institutes)| |United Nations University (UNU)| "(32) Argentina, Australia, Bangladesh, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ethiopia, France, Ghana, Guatemala, Hungary, Iceland, India, Japan, Kenya, South Korea, Mexico, Netherlands, Nigeria, Philippines, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Switzerland, Thailand, Trinidad and Tobago, UK, US, Venezuela" );; line 130239 (wfb::address |Universal Postal Union (UPU)| "Bureau International de l’UPU, Weltpoststrasse 4, CH-3000 Berne 15, Switzerland" );; line 130249 (wfb::telephone |Universal Postal Union (UPU)| "[41] (31) 350 31 11" );; line 130252 (wfb::fax |Universal Postal Union (UPU)| "[41] (31) 350 31 10" );; line 130254 (wfb::established |Universal Postal Union (UPU)| "9 October 1874, affiliated with the UN 15 November 1947" );; line 130256 (wfb::effective |Universal Postal Union (UPU)| "1 July 1948" );; line 130258 (wfb::aim |Universal Postal Union (UPU)| "to promote international postal cooperation; a UN specialized agency" );; line 130260 (wfb::members |Universal Postal Union (UPU)| "(189) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Holy See, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, Netherlands Antilles, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Overseas Territories of the UK, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Tuvalu, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Western Samoa, Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended), Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe" );; line 130263 (wfb::note |West African Development Bank (WADB)| "also known as Banque Ouest-Africaine de Developpement (BOAD)" );; line 130301 (wfb::address |West African Development Bank (WADB)| "BOAD, BP 1172, 68 av de la liberation, Lome, Togo" );; line 130303 (wfb::telephone |West African Development Bank (WADB)| "[228] 21 59 06, 21 42 44, 21 01 13" );; line 130305 (wfb::fax |West African Development Bank (WADB)| "[228] 21 52 67, 21 72 69" );; line 130307 (wfb::established |West African Development Bank (WADB)| "14 November 1973" );; line 130309 (wfb::aim |West African Development Bank (WADB)| "to promote regional economic development and integration" );; line 130311 (wfb::members |West African Development Bank (WADB)| "(7) Benin, Burkina, Cote d'Ivoire, Mali, Niger, Senegal, Togo" );; line 130313 (wfb::note |West African Economic Community (CEAO)| "acronym from Communaute Economique de l’Afrique de l’Ouest established on 3 June 1972 to promote regional economic development; its members were Benin, Burkina, Cote d'Ivoire, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Senegal; it was disbanded in 1994" );; line 130319 (wfb::address |Western European Union (WEU)| "Rue de la Regence 4, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium" );; line 130328 (wfb::telephone |Western European Union (WEU)| "[32] (2) 500 44 11" );; line 130330 (wfb::fax |Western European Union (WEU)| "[32] (2) 511 35 19" );; line 130332 (wfb::established |Western European Union (WEU)| "23 October 1954" );; line 130334 (wfb::effective |Western European Union (WEU)| "6 May 1955" );; line 130336 (wfb::aim |Western European Union (WEU)| "to provide mutual defense and to move toward political unification" );; line 130338 (wfb::members |Western European Union (WEU)| "(10) Belgium, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, UK" );; line 130341 (wfb::associate_members |Western European Union (WEU)| "(3) Iceland, Norway, Turkey" );; line 130344 (wfb::associate_partners |Western European Union (WEU)| "(9) Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovakia" );; line 130346 (wfb::observers |Western European Union (WEU)| "(2) Denmark, Ireland" );; line 130349 (wfb::see world_bank "International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)" );; line 130355 (wfb::address |World Confederation of Labor (WCL)| "Rue de Treves 33, B-1040 Brussels, Belgium" );; line 130367 (wfb::telephone |World Confederation of Labor (WCL)| "[32] (2) 230 62 95" );; line 130369 (wfb::fax |World Confederation of Labor (WCL)| "[32] (2) 230 87 22" );; line 130371 (wfb::established |World Confederation of Labor (WCL)| "19 June 1920 as the International Federation of Christian Trade Unions (IFCTU), renamed 4 October 1968" );; line 130373 (wfb::aim |World Confederation of Labor (WCL)| "to promote the trade union movement" );; line 130376 (wfb::members |World Confederation of Labor (WCL)| "(99 national organizations) Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Aruba, Austria, Bangladesh, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Bonaire Island, Botswana, Brazil, Burkina, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Cuba, Curacao, Cyprus, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, France, French Guiana, Gabon, The Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Guinea, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Iran, Italy, Jamaica, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malaysia, Mali, Malta, Martinique, Mauritius, Mexico, Montserrat, Namibia, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Pakistan, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Puerto Rico, Romania, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Martin, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Spain, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Switzerland, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, UK, US, Uruguay, Venezuela, Vietnam, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe" );; line 130378 (wfb::see world_court "International Court of Justice (ICJ)" );; line 130397 (wfb::address |World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU)| "Branicka 112, Branik, CS-14700 Prague 4, Czech Republic" );; line 130403 (wfb::telephone |World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU)| "[42] (2) 46 21 40" );; line 130405 (wfb::fax |World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU)| "[42] (2) 46 13 78" );; line 130407 (wfb::established |World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU)| "3 October 1945" );; line 130409 (wfb::aim |World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU)| "to promote the trade union movement" );; line 130411 (wfb::members |World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU)| "(116) Afghanistan, Albania, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Benin, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, French Guiana, The Gambia, Ghana, Greece, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, North Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Martinique, Mauritius, Mexico, Mongolia, Mozambique, Nepal, New Caledonia, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Puerto Rico, Reunion, Romania, Saint Lucia, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sweden, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zaire, Zimbabwe" );; line 130413 (wfb::address |World Food Council (WFC)| "c/o FAO, Via Terme di Caracalla, I-00100 Rome, Italy" );; line 130434 (wfb::telephone |World Food Council (WFC)| "[39] (6) 522821" );; line 130436 (wfb::fax |World Food Council (WFC)| "[39] (6) 574 5091" );; line 130438 (wfb::established |World Food Council (WFC)| "17 December 1974" );; line 130440 (wfb::aim |World Food Council (WFC)| "to study world food problems and to recommend solutions; ECOSOC organization" );; line 130442 (wfb::members |World Food Council (WFC)| "(36) selected on a rotating basis from all regions" );; line 130445 (wfb::address |World Food Program (WFP)| "Via Cristoforo Colombo 426, I-00145 Rome, Italy" );; line 130451 (wfb::telephone |World Food Program (WFP)| "[39] (6) 522821" );; line 130453 (wfb::fax |World Food Program (WFP)| "[39] (6) 5123700, 5133537, 52282840" );; line 130455 (wfb::established |World Food Program (WFP)| "24 November 1961" );; line 130457 (wfb::aim |World Food Program (WFP)| "to provide food aid in support of economic development or disaster relief; an ECOSOC organization" );; line 130459 (wfb::members |World Food Program (WFP)| "(41) selected on a rotating basis from all regions" );; line 130462 (wfb::address |World Health Organization (WHO)| "CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland" );; line 130468 (wfb::telephone |World Health Organization (WHO)| "[41] (22) 791 21 11, 791 32 23" );; line 130470 (wfb::fax |World Health Organization (WHO)| "[41] (22) 791 07 46" );; line 130472 (wfb::established |World Health Organization (WHO)| "22 July 1946" );; line 130474 (wfb::effective |World Health Organization (WHO)| "7 April 1948" );; line 130476 (wfb::aim |World Health Organization (WHO)| "UN specialized agency concerned with health matters" );; line 130478 (wfb::members |World Health Organization (WHO)| "(189) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niue, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Tuvalu, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Western Samoa, Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended), Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe" );; line 130480 (wfb::associate_members |World Health Organization (WHO)| "(2) Puerto Rico, Tokelau" );; line 130507 (wfb::address |World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)| "34 chemin des Colombettes, Case Postale 18, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland" );; line 130513 (wfb::telephone |World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)| "[41] (22) 730 9111" );; line 130516 (wfb::fax |World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)| "[41] (22) 733 5428" );; line 130518 (wfb::established |World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)| "14 July 1967" );; line 130520 (wfb::effective |World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)| "26 April 1970" );; line 130522 (wfb::aim |World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)| "to furnish protection for literary, artistic, and scientific works; a UN specialized agency" );; line 130524 (wfb::members |World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)| "(147) Albania, Algeria, Angola, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, The Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burundi, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Estonia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Holy See, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Namibia, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Lucia, San Marino, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended), Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe" );; line 130527 (wfb::address |World Meteorological Organization (WMO)| "Case Postale 2300, 41 Av Giuseppe-Motta, CH-1211 Geneva 2, Switzerland" );; line 130551 (wfb::telephone |World Meteorological Organization (WMO)| "[41] (22) 730 81 11" );; line 130554 (wfb::fax |World Meteorological Organization (WMO)| "[41] (22) 734 23 26" );; line 130556 (wfb::established |World Meteorological Organization (WMO)| "11 October 1947" );; line 130558 (wfb::effective |World Meteorological Organization (WMO)| "4 April 1951" );; line 130560 (wfb::aim |World Meteorological Organization (WMO)| "to sponsor meteorological cooperation; a specialized UN agency" );; line 130562 (wfb::members |World Meteorological Organization (WMO)| "(175) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, British Caribbean Territories, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, French Polynesia, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hong Kong, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, Netherlands Antilles, New Caledonia, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Lucia, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended), Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe" );; line 130564 (wfb::address |World Tourism Organization (WTO or WToO)| "Calle Capitan Haya 41, 28020 Madrid, Spain" );; line 130593 (wfb::telephone |World Tourism Organization (WTO or WToO)| "[34] (1) 571 06 28" );; line 130595 (wfb::fax |World Tourism Organization (WTO or WToO)| "[34] (1) 571 37 33" );; line 130597 (wfb::established |World Tourism Organization (WTO or WToO)| "2 January 1975" );; line 130599 (wfb::aim |World Tourism Organization (WTO or WToO)| "to promote tourism as a means of contributing to economic development, international understanding, and peace" );; line 130601 (wfb::members |World Tourism Organization (WTO or WToO)| "(121) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Argentina, Austria, Bangladesh, Belgium, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Ethiopia, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco, Nepal, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Pakistan, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, UAE, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended), Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe" );; line 130604 (wfb::associate_members |World Tourism Organization (WTO or WToO)| "(4) Aruba, Macau, Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico" );; line 130621 (wfb::observer |World Tourism Organization (WTO or WToO)| "(1) Holy See" );; line 130623 (wfb::established |Zangger Committee (ZC)| "early 1970s" );; line 130633 (wfb::aim |Zangger Committee (ZC)| "to establish guidelines for the export control provisions of the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty" );; line 130635 (wfb::members |Zangger Committee (ZC)| "(29) Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, US" );; line 130638 (wfb::abbreviation air_pollution "Air Pollution" );; line 130651 (wfb::abbreviation air_pollution-nitrogen_oxides "Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides" );; line 130654 (wfb::abbreviation air_pollution-sulphur_85 "Air Pollution-Sulphur 85" );; line 130659 (wfb::abbreviation air_pollution-sulphur_94 "Air Pollution-Sulphur 94" );; line 130664 (wfb::abbreviation air_pollution-volatile_organic_compounds "Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds" );; line 130668 (wfb::abbreviation antarctic-environmental_protocol "Antarctic-Environmental Protocol" );; line 130673 (wfb::abbreviation biodiversity "Biodiversity" );; line 130679 (wfb::abbreviation climate_change "Climate Change" );; line 130685 (wfb::abbreviation desertification "Desertification" );; line 130691 (wfb::abbreviation endangered_species "Endangered Species" );; line 130699 (wfb::abbreviation environmental_modification "Environmental Modification" );; line 130703 (wfb::abbreviation hazardous_wastes "Hazardous Wastes" );; line 130710 (wfb::abbreviation law_of_the_sea "Law of the Sea" );; line 130717 (wfb::abbreviation marine_dumping "Marine Dumping" );; line 130723 (wfb::abbreviation marine_life_conservation "Marine Life Conservation" );; line 130727 (wfb::abbreviation nuclear_test_ban "Nuclear Test Ban" );; line 130734 (wfb::abbreviation ozone_layer_protection "Ozone Layer Protection" );; line 130741 (wfb::abbreviation ship_pollution "Ship Pollution" );; line 130747 (wfb::abbreviation tropical_timber_83 "Tropical Timber 83" );; line 130754 (wfb::abbreviation tropical_timber_94 "Tropical Timber 94" );; line 130757 (wfb::abbreviation wetlands "Wetlands" );; line 130763 (wfb::abbreviation whaling "Whaling" );; line 130767 (wfb::documentation abbreviations_for_selected_international_environmental_agreements "Note: Not all of the selected international environmental agreements have abbreviations." );; line 130769 (wfb::see air_pollution "Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution" );; line 130778 (wfb::see air_pollution-nitrogen_oxides "Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution concerning the Control of Emissions of Nitrogen Oxides or Their Transboundary Fluxes" );; line 130784 (wfb::see air_pollution-sulphur_85 "Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution on the Reduction of Sulphur Emissions or their Transboundary Fluxes by at least 30%" );; line 130792 (wfb::see air_pollution-sulphur_94 "Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution on Further Reduction of Sulphur Emissions" );; line 130800 (wfb::see air_pollution-volatile_organic_compounds "Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution concerning the Control of Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds or Their Transboundary Fluxes" );; line 130807 (wfb::see antarctic-environmental_protocol "Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty" );; line 130815 (wfb::opened_for_signature antarctic_treaty "1 December 1959" );; line 130821 (wfb::entered_into_force antarctic_treaty "23 June 1961" );; line 130823 (wfb::objective antarctic_treaty "to ensure that Antarctica is used for peaceful purposes, such as, for international cooperation in scientific research, and that it does not become the scene or object of international discord" );; line 130825 (wfb::parties antarctic_treaty "(42) Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Cuba, Czech Republic, Denmark, Ecuador, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Hungary, India, Italy, Japan, North Korea, South Korea, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay" );; line 130829 (wfb::note basel_convention_on_the_control_of_transboundary_movements_of_hazardous_wastes_and_their_disposal "abbreviated as Hazardous Wastes" );; line 130841 (wfb::opened_for_signature basel_convention_on_the_control_of_transboundary_movements_of_hazardous_wastes_and_their_disposal "22 March 1989" );; line 130843 (wfb::entered_into_force basel_convention_on_the_control_of_transboundary_movements_of_hazardous_wastes_and_their_disposal "5 May 1992" );; line 130845 (wfb::objective basel_convention_on_the_control_of_transboundary_movements_of_hazardous_wastes_and_their_disposal "to reduce transboundary movements of wastes subject to the Convention to a minimum consistent with the environmentally sound and efficient management of such wastes; to minimize the amount and toxicity of wastes generated and ensure their environmentally sound management as closely as possible to the source of generation; and to assist LDCs in environmentally sound management of the hazardous and other wastes they generate" );; line 130847 (wfb::parties basel_convention_on_the_control_of_transboundary_movements_of_hazardous_wastes_and_their_disposal "(81) Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Austria, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Comoros, Cote d’Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Estonia, European Union, Finland, France, Greece, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Jordan, South Korea, Kuwait, Latvia, Lebanon, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mauritius, Mexico, Monaco, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Trinidad and Tobago, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Uruguay, Zaire, Zambia" );; line 130854 (wfb::|countries that have signed, but not yet ratified| basel_convention_on_the_control_of_transboundary_movements_of_hazardous_wastes_and_their_disposal "(9) Afghanistan, Bolivia, Colombia, Germany, Guatemala, Haiti, Thailand, United States, Venezuela" );; line 130867 (wfb::see biodiversity "Convention on Biological Diversity" );; line 130874 (wfb::note convention_on_biological_diversity "abbreviated as Biodiversity" );; line 130880 (wfb::opened_for_signature convention_on_biological_diversity "5 June 1992" );; line 130882 (wfb::entered_into_force convention_on_biological_diversity "29 December 1993" );; line 130884 (wfb::objective convention_on_biological_diversity "to develop national strategies for the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity" );; line 130886 (wfb::parties convention_on_biological_diversity "(111) Albania, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, The Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Brazil, Burkina, Burma, Cameroon, Canada, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cote d’Ivoire, Cuba, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Estonia, Ethiopia, European Union, Fiji, Finland, France, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guinea, Guyana, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, North Korea, South Korea, Lebanon, Lesotho, Luxembourg, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Monaco, Mongolia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Portugal, Romania, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, San Marino, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Spain, Sri Lanka, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Tunisia, Uganda, United Kingdom, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Western Samoa, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe" );; line 130889 (wfb::|countries that have signed, but not yet ratified| convention_on_biological_diversity "(64) Afghanistan, Algeria, Angola, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Belgium, Bhutan, Botswana, Bulgaria, Burundi, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Congo, Croatia, Cyprus, Dominican Republic, Gabon, Guatemala, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Honduras, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Kuwait, Latvia, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Madagascar, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Moldova, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nicaragua, Niger, Oman, Poland, Qatar, Russia, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe, Singapore, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Sudan, Suriname, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Turkey, Tuvalu, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United States, Yemen, former Yugoslavia" );; line 130905 (wfb::see climate_change "United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change" );; line 130919 (wfb::note convention_on_fishing_and_conservation_of_living_resources_of_the_high_seas "abbreviated as Marine Life Conservation" );; line 130926 (wfb::opened_for_signature convention_on_fishing_and_conservation_of_living_resources_of_the_high_seas "29 April 1958" );; line 130928 (wfb::entered_into_force convention_on_fishing_and_conservation_of_living_resources_of_the_high_seas "20 March 1966" );; line 130930 (wfb::objective convention_on_fishing_and_conservation_of_living_resources_of_the_high_seas "to solve through international cooperation the problems involved in the conservation of living resources of the high seas, considering that because of the development of modern technology some of these resources are in danger of being overexploited" );; line 130932 (wfb::parties convention_on_fishing_and_conservation_of_living_resources_of_the_high_seas "(37) Australia, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Burkina, Cambodia, Colombia, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Fiji, Finland, France, Haiti, Jamaica, Kenya, Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mauritius, Mexico, Netherlands, Nigeria, Portugal, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Spain, Switzerland, Thailand, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Uganda, United Kingdom, United States, Venezuela, former Yugoslavia" );; line 130937 (wfb::|countries that have signed, but not yet ratified| convention_on_fishing_and_conservation_of_living_resources_of_the_high_seas "(21) Afghanistan, Argentina, Bolivia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ghana, Iceland, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Lebanon, Liberia, Nepal, New Zealand, Pakistan, Panama, Sri Lanka, Taiwan (Canada signed on behalf of Taiwan), Tunisia, Uruguay" );; line 130944 (wfb::note convention_on_long-range_transboundary_air_pollution "abbreviated as Air Pollution" );; line 130953 (wfb::opened_for_signature convention_on_long-range_transboundary_air_pollution "13 November 1979" );; line 130955 (wfb::entered_into_force convention_on_long-range_transboundary_air_pollution "16 March 1983" );; line 130957 (wfb::objective convention_on_long-range_transboundary_air_pollution "to protect the human environment against air pollution and to gradually reduce and prevent air pollution, including long-range transboundary air pollution" );; line 130959 (wfb::parties convention_on_long-range_transboundary_air_pollution "(39) Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, European Union, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States, former Yugoslavia" );; line 130963 (wfb::|countries that have signed, but not yet ratified| convention_on_long-range_transboundary_air_pollution "(2) Holy See, San Marino" );; line 130970 (wfb::note |Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES)| "abbreviated as Endangered Species" );; line 130977 (wfb::opened_for_signature |Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES)| "3 March 1973" );; line 130979 (wfb::entered_into_force |Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES)| "1 July 1975" );; line 130981 (wfb::objective |Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES)| "to protect certain endangered species from overexploitation by means of a system of import/export permits" );; line 130983 (wfb::parties |Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES)| "(130) Afghanistan, Algeria, Argentina, Australia, Austria, The Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burundi, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d’Ivoire, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Honduras, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran, Israel, Italy, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, South Korea, Liechtenstein, Liberia, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Malta, Mauritius, Mexico, Monaco, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe" );; line 130986 (wfb::|countries that have signed, but not yet ratified| |Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES)| "(5) Cambodia, Ireland, Kuwait, Lesotho, Vietnam" );; line 131005 (wfb::note |Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping Wastes and Other Matter (London Convention)| "abbreviated as Marine Dumping" );; line 131012 (wfb::opened_for_signature |Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping Wastes and Other Matter (London Convention)| "29 December 1972" );; line 131014 (wfb::entered_into_force |Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping Wastes and Other Matter (London Convention)| "30 August 1975" );; line 131016 (wfb::objective |Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping Wastes and Other Matter (London Convention)| "to control pollution of the sea by dumping and to encourage regional agreements supplementary to the Convention" );; line 131018 (wfb::parties |Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping Wastes and Other Matter (London Convention)| "(76) Afghanistan, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Canada, Cape Verde, Chile, China, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Egypt, European Union, Finland, France, Gabon, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Libya, Luxembourg, Malta, Mexico, Monaco, Morocco, Nauru, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Saint Lucia, Seychelles, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Spain, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Tunisia, Tuvalu, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Vanuatu, former Yugoslavia, Zaire" );; line 131021 (wfb::note convention_on_the_prohibition_of_military_or_any_other_hostile_use_of_environmental_modification_techniques "abbreviated as Environmental Modification" );; line 131038 (wfb::opened_for_signature convention_on_the_prohibition_of_military_or_any_other_hostile_use_of_environmental_modification_techniques "10 December 1976" );; line 131040 (wfb::entered_into_force convention_on_the_prohibition_of_military_or_any_other_hostile_use_of_environmental_modification_techniques "5 October 1978" );; line 131042 (wfb::objective convention_on_the_prohibition_of_military_or_any_other_hostile_use_of_environmental_modification_techniques "to prohibit the military or other hostile use of environmental modification techniques in order to further world peace and trust among nations" );; line 131044 (wfb::parties convention_on_the_prohibition_of_military_or_any_other_hostile_use_of_environmental_modification_techniques "(63) Afghanistan, Algeria, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Benin, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Cape Verde, Chile, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Dominica, Egypt, Finland, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Hungary, India, Ireland, Italy, Japan, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Malawi, Mauritius, Mongolia, Netherlands, New Zealand, Niger, Norway, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Poland, Romania, Russia, Saint Lucia, Sao Tome and Principe, Slovakia, Solomon Islands, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Tunisia, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Yemen" );; line 131047 (wfb::|countries that have signed, but not yet ratified| convention_on_the_prohibition_of_military_or_any_other_hostile_use_of_environmental_modification_techniques "(17) Bolivia, Ethiopia, Holy See, Iceland, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon, Liberia, Luxembourg, Morocco, Nicaragua, Portugal, Sierra Leone, Syria, Turkey, Uganda, Zaire" );; line 131057 (wfb::note |Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially As Waterfowl Habitat (Ramsar)| "abbreviated as Wetlands" );; line 131066 (wfb::opened_for_signature |Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially As Waterfowl Habitat (Ramsar)| "2 February 1971" );; line 131068 (wfb::entered_into_force |Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially As Waterfowl Habitat (Ramsar)| "21 December 1975" );; line 131070 (wfb::objective |Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially As Waterfowl Habitat (Ramsar)| "to stem the progressive encroachment on and loss of wetlands now and in the future, recognizing the fundamental ecological functions of wetlands and their economic, cultural, scientific, and recreational value" );; line 131072 (wfb::parties |Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially As Waterfowl Habitat (Ramsar)| "(83) Algeria, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina, Canada, Chad, Chile, China, Costa Rica, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Ecuador, Egypt, Estonia, Finland, France, Gabon, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, Lesotho, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mexico, Morocco, Netherlands, New Zealand, Niger, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Senegal, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Trinadad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Venezuela, Vietnam, former Yugoslavia, Zambia" );; line 131076 (wfb::see desertification "United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in those Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly in Africa" );; line 131092 (wfb::see endangered_species "Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES)" );; line 131100 (wfb::see environmental_modification "Convention on the Prohibition of Military or Any Other Hostile Use of Environmental Modification Techniques" );; line 131107 (wfb::see hazardous_wastes "Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal" );; line 131114 (wfb::note international_convention_for_the_regulation_of_whaling "abbreviated as Whaling" );; line 131121 (wfb::opened_for_signature international_convention_for_the_regulation_of_whaling "2 December 1946" );; line 131123 (wfb::entered_into_force international_convention_for_the_regulation_of_whaling "10 November 1948" );; line 131125 (wfb::objective international_convention_for_the_regulation_of_whaling "to protect all species of whales from overfishing; to establish a system of international regulation for the whale fisheries to ensure proper conservation and development of whale stocks; and to safeguard for future generations the great natural resources represented by whale stocks" );; line 131127 (wfb::parties international_convention_for_the_regulation_of_whaling "(39) Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Chile, China, Costa Rica, Denmark, Dominica, Finland, France, Germany, Grenada, India, Ireland, Japan, Kenya, South Korea, Mexico, Monaco, Netherlands (Netherlands also extended the convention to Netherlands Antilles), New Zealand, Norway, Oman, Peru, Russia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Senegal, Seychelles (withdrawing effective 30 June 1995), Solomon Islands, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, Venezuela" );; line 131132 (wfb::|countries that have signed, but not yet ratified| international_convention_for_the_regulation_of_whaling "(1) Austria" );; line 131141 (wfb::former_parties international_convention_for_the_regulation_of_whaling "(10) Belize, Canada, Ecuador, Egypt, Iceland, Jamaica, Mauritius, Panama, Philippines, Uruguay" );; line 131143 (wfb::note |International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1983| "abbreviated as Tropical Timber 83" );; line 131150 (wfb::opened_for_signature |International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1983| "18 November 1983" );; line 131152 (wfb::entered_into_force |International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1983| "1 April 1985; this agreement will expire when the International Tropical Timber Ageement, 1994 goes into force" );; line 131154 (wfb::objective |International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1983| "to provide an effective framework for cooperation between tropical timber producers and consumers and to encourage the development of national policies aimed at sustainable utilization and conservation of tropical forests and their genetic resources" );; line 131157 (wfb::parties |International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1983| "(52) Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, Burma, Cameroon, Canada, China, Colombia, Congo, Cote d’Ivoire, Denmark, Ecuador, Egypt, European Union, Finland, France, Gabon, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guyana, Honduras, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Liberia, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Philippines, Portugal, Russia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, United Kingdom, United States, Zaire" );; line 131162 (wfb::note |International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1994| "abbreviated as Tropical Timber 94" );; line 131174 (wfb::opened_for_signature |International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1994| "26 January 1994, but not yet in force" );; line 131176 (wfb::objective |International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1994| "to ensure that by the year 2000 exports of tropical timber originate from sustainably managed sources; to establish a fund to assist tropical timber producers in obtaining the resources necessary to reach this objective" );; line 131178 (wfb::parties |International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1994| "(3) Fiji, Japan, Liberia" );; line 131182 (wfb::|countries that have signed, but not yet ratified| |International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1994| "(11) Cameroon, Congo, Ecuador, Egypt, Gabon, Indonesia, Norway, Panama, Peru, Togo, United States" );; line 131184 (wfb::see law_of_the_sea "United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (LOS)" );; line 131191 (wfb::see marine_dumping "Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping Wastes and Other Matter (London Convention)" );; line 131197 (wfb::see marine_life_conservation "Convention on Fishing and Conservation of Living Resources of the High Seas" );; line 131204 (wfb::note montreal_protocol_on_substances_that_deplete_the_ozone_layer "abbreviated as Ozone Layer Protection" );; line 131211 (wfb::opened_for_signature montreal_protocol_on_substances_that_deplete_the_ozone_layer "16 September 1987" );; line 131213 (wfb::entered_into_force montreal_protocol_on_substances_that_deplete_the_ozone_layer "1 January 1989" );; line 131215 (wfb::objective montreal_protocol_on_substances_that_deplete_the_ozone_layer "to protect the ozone layer by controling emissions of substances that deplete it" );; line 131217 (wfb::parties montreal_protocol_on_substances_that_deplete_the_ozone_layer "(148) Algeria, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Austria, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Ethiopia, European Union, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guyana, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Lebanon, Lesotho, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Monaco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal (Portugal has also extended the protocol to Macau), Romania, Russia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Tuvalu, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Western Samoa, former Yugoslavia, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe" );; line 131220 (wfb::|countries that have signed, but not yet ratified| montreal_protocol_on_substances_that_deplete_the_ozone_layer "(1) Morocco" );; line 131243 (wfb::see nuclear_test_ban "Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapons Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space, and Under Water" );; line 131249 (wfb::see ozone_layer_protection "Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer" );; line 131256 (wfb::note |Protocol of 1978 Relating to the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution From Ships, 1973 (MARPOL)| "abbreviated as Ship Pollution" );; line 131263 (wfb::opened_for_signature |Protocol of 1978 Relating to the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution From Ships, 1973 (MARPOL)| "17 February 1978" );; line 131265 (wfb::entered_into_force |Protocol of 1978 Relating to the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution From Ships, 1973 (MARPOL)| "2 October 1983" );; line 131267 (wfb::objective |Protocol of 1978 Relating to the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution From Ships, 1973 (MARPOL)| "to preserve the marine environment through the complete elimination of pollution by oil and other harmful substances and the minimization of accidental discharge of such substances" );; line 131269 (wfb::parties |Protocol of 1978 Relating to the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution From Ships, 1973 (MARPOL)| "(91) Algeria, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Austria, The Bahamas, Barbados, Belgium, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burma, Cambodia, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Ecuador, Egypt, Estonia, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Latvia, Lebanon, Liberia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mexico, Monaco, Morocco, Netherlands, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Seychelles, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Togo, Tunisia, Turkey, Tuvalu, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, former Yugoslavia" );; line 131273 (wfb::note protocol_on_environmental_protection_to_the_antarctic_treaty "abbreviated as Antarctic-Environmental Protocol" );; line 131291 (wfb::opened_for_signature protocol_on_environmental_protection_to_the_antarctic_treaty "4 October 1991, but not yet in force" );; line 131293 (wfb::objective protocol_on_environmental_protection_to_the_antarctic_treaty "to enhance the protection of the Antarctic environment and dependent and associated ecosystems" );; line 131295 (wfb::parties protocol_on_environmental_protection_to_the_antarctic_treaty "(14) Argentina, Australia, Chile, China, Ecuador, France, Germany, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Peru, Spain, Sweden, Uruguay" );; line 131298 (wfb::|countries that have signed, but not yet ratified| protocol_on_environmental_protection_to_the_antarctic_treaty "(27) Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Colombia, Cuba, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, Greece, Guatemala, Hungary, India, Italy, Japan, North Korea, South Korea, Papua New Guinea, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, South Africa, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States" );; line 131301 (wfb::note protocol_to_the_1979_convention_on_long-range_transboundary_air_pollution_concerning_the_control_of_emissions_of_nitrogen_oxides_or_their_transboundary_fluxes "abbreviated as Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides" );; line 131312 (wfb::opened_for_signature protocol_to_the_1979_convention_on_long-range_transboundary_air_pollution_concerning_the_control_of_emissions_of_nitrogen_oxides_or_their_transboundary_fluxes "31 October 1988" );; line 131314 (wfb::entered_into_force protocol_to_the_1979_convention_on_long-range_transboundary_air_pollution_concerning_the_control_of_emissions_of_nitrogen_oxides_or_their_transboundary_fluxes "14 February 1991" );; line 131316 (wfb::objective protocol_to_the_1979_convention_on_long-range_transboundary_air_pollution_concerning_the_control_of_emissions_of_nitrogen_oxides_or_their_transboundary_fluxes "to provide for the control or reduction of nitrogen oxides and their transboundary fluxes" );; line 131318 (wfb::parties protocol_to_the_1979_convention_on_long-range_transboundary_air_pollution_concerning_the_control_of_emissions_of_nitrogen_oxides_or_their_transboundary_fluxes "(25) Austria, Belarus, Bulgaria, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, European Union, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Russia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States" );; line 131321 (wfb::|countries that have signed, but not yet ratified| protocol_to_the_1979_convention_on_long-range_transboundary_air_pollution_concerning_the_control_of_emissions_of_nitrogen_oxides_or_their_transboundary_fluxes "(3) Belgium, Greece, Poland" );; line 131326 (wfb::note protocol_to_the_1979_convention_on_long-range_transboundary_air_pollution_concerning_the_control_of_emissions_of_volatile_organic_compounds_or_their_transboundary_fluxes "abbreviated as Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds" );; line 131334 (wfb::opened_for_signature protocol_to_the_1979_convention_on_long-range_transboundary_air_pollution_concerning_the_control_of_emissions_of_volatile_organic_compounds_or_their_transboundary_fluxes "18 November 1991, but not yet in force" );; line 131336 (wfb::objective protocol_to_the_1979_convention_on_long-range_transboundary_air_pollution_concerning_the_control_of_emissions_of_volatile_organic_compounds_or_their_transboundary_fluxes "to provide for the control and reduction of emissions of volatile organic compounds in order to reduce their transboundary fluxes so as to protect human health and the environment from adverse effects" );; line 131338 (wfb::parties protocol_to_the_1979_convention_on_long-range_transboundary_air_pollution_concerning_the_control_of_emissions_of_volatile_organic_compounds_or_their_transboundary_fluxes "(11) Austria, Finland, Germany, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom" );; line 131342 (wfb::|countries that have signed, but not yet ratified| protocol_to_the_1979_convention_on_long-range_transboundary_air_pollution_concerning_the_control_of_emissions_of_volatile_organic_compounds_or_their_transboundary_fluxes "(12) Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Denmark, European Union, France, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Portugal, Ukraine, United States" );; line 131345 (wfb::note protocol_to_the_1979_convention_on_long-range_transboundary_air_pollution_on_further_reduction_of_sulphur_emissions "abbreviated as Air Pollution-Sulphur 94" );; line 131353 (wfb::opened_for_signature protocol_to_the_1979_convention_on_long-range_transboundary_air_pollution_on_further_reduction_of_sulphur_emissions "14 June 1994, but not yet in force" );; line 131355 (wfb::objective protocol_to_the_1979_convention_on_long-range_transboundary_air_pollution_on_further_reduction_of_sulphur_emissions "to provide for a further reduction in sulfur emissions or transboundary fluxes" );; line 131357 (wfb::parties protocol_to_the_1979_convention_on_long-range_transboundary_air_pollution_on_further_reduction_of_sulphur_emissions "(0)" );; line 131360 (wfb::|countries that have signed, but not yet ratified| protocol_to_the_1979_convention_on_long-range_transboundary_air_pollution_on_further_reduction_of_sulphur_emissions "(28) Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, European Union, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, United Kingdom" );; line 131362 (wfb::note protocol_to_the_1979_convention_on_long-range_transboundary_air_pollution_on_the_reduction_of_sulphur_emissions_or_their_transboundary_fluxes_by_at_least_30% "abbreviated as Air Pollution-Sulphur 85" );; line 131373 (wfb::opened_for_signature protocol_to_the_1979_convention_on_long-range_transboundary_air_pollution_on_the_reduction_of_sulphur_emissions_or_their_transboundary_fluxes_by_at_least_30% "8 July 1985" );; line 131375 (wfb::entered_into_force protocol_to_the_1979_convention_on_long-range_transboundary_air_pollution_on_the_reduction_of_sulphur_emissions_or_their_transboundary_fluxes_by_at_least_30% "2 September 1987" );; line 131377 (wfb::objective protocol_to_the_1979_convention_on_long-range_transboundary_air_pollution_on_the_reduction_of_sulphur_emissions_or_their_transboundary_fluxes_by_at_least_30% "to provide for a 30% reduction in sulfur emissions or transboundary fluxes by 1993" );; line 131379 (wfb::parties protocol_to_the_1979_convention_on_long-range_transboundary_air_pollution_on_the_reduction_of_sulphur_emissions_or_their_transboundary_fluxes_by_at_least_30% "(21) Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine" );; line 131382 (wfb::see ship_pollution "Protocol of 1978 Relating to the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution From Ships, 1973 (MARPOL)" );; line 131390 (wfb::note |Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapon Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space, and Under Water| "abbreviated as Nuclear Test Ban" );; line 131398 (wfb::opened_for_signature |Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapon Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space, and Under Water| "5 August 1963" );; line 131400 (wfb::entered_into_force |Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapon Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space, and Under Water| "10 October 1963" );; line 131402 (wfb::objective |Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapon Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space, and Under Water| "to obtain an agreement on general and complete disarmament under strict international control in accordance with the objectives of the United Nations; to put an end to the armaments race and eliminate incentives for the production and testing of all kinds of weapons, including nuclear weapons" );; line 131404 (wfb::parties |Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapon Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space, and Under Water| "(125) Afghanistan, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burma, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Finland, Gabon, The Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea-Bissau, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, South Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Lebanon, Liberia, Libya, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Mongolia, Morocco, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, San Marino, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, United Kingdom, United States, Ukraine, Uruguay, Venezuela, Western Samoa, Yemen, former Yugoslavia, Zaire, Zambia" );; line 131409 (wfb::|countries that have signed, but not yet ratified| |Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapon Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space, and Under Water| "(11) Algeria, Burkina, Burundi, Cameroon, Ethiopia, Haiti, Mali, Paraguay, Portugal, Somalia, Vietnam" );; line 131427 (wfb::see tropical_timber_83 "International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1983" );; line 131434 (wfb::see tropical_timber_94 "International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1994" );; line 131440 (wfb::note |United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (LOS)| "abbreviated as Law of the Sea" );; line 131446 (wfb::opened_for_signature |United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (LOS)| "10 December 1982" );; line 131448 (wfb::entered_into_force |United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (LOS)| "16 November 1994" );; line 131450 (wfb::objective |United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (LOS)| "to set up a comprehensive new legal regime for the sea and oceans; to include rules concerning environmental standards as well as enforcement provisions dealing with pollution of the marine environment" );; line 131452 (wfb::parties |United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (LOS)| "(72) Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Barbados, Belize, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Comoros, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Cuba, Cyprus, Djibouti, Dominica, Egypt, Fiji, The Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Grenada, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Honduras, Iceland, Indonesia, Iraq, Italy, Jamaica, Kenya, Kuwait, Lebanon, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Namibia, Nigeria, Oman, Paraguay, Philippines, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Uganda, Uruguay, Vietnam, Yemen, former Yugoslavia, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe" );; line 131456 (wfb::|countries that have signed, but not yet ratified| |United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (LOS)| "(91) Afghanistan, Algeria, Argentina, Austria, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Congo, Cook Islands, Czech Republic, Denmark, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, European Union, Finland, France, Gabon, Greece, Guatemala, Haiti, Hungary, India, Iran, Ireland, Japan, North Korea, South Korea, Laos, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mauritania, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Niue, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Slovakia, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Spain, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Tuvalu, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Western Samoa" );; line 131468 (wfb::note |United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in those Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly in Africa| "abbreviated as Desertification" );; line 131488 (wfb::opened_for_signature |United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in those Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly in Africa| "14 October 1994, but not yet in force" );; line 131490 (wfb::objective |United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in those Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly in Africa| "to combat desertification and mitigate the effects of drought through national action programs that incorporate long-term strategies supported by international cooperation and partnership arrangements" );; line 131492 (wfb::parties |United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in those Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly in Africa| "(1) Mexico" );; line 131496 (wfb::|countries that have signed, but not yet ratified| |United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in those Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly in Africa| "(104) Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Bangladesh, Benin, Bolivia, Brazil, Burkina, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d’Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Denmark, Djibouti, Ecuador, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, European Union, Finland, France, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Honduras, India, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, South Korea, Lebanon, Lesotho, Libya, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Micronesia, Mongolia, Morocco, Namibia, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Portugal, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Spain, Sudan, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, United Kingdom, United States, Uzbekistan, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe; note - some late changes not included under country entries" );; line 131498 (wfb::note united_nations_framework_convention_on_climate_change "abbreviated as Climate Change" );; line 131518 (wfb::opened_for_signature united_nations_framework_convention_on_climate_change "9 May 1992" );; line 131520 (wfb::entered_into_force united_nations_framework_convention_on_climate_change "21 March 1994" );; line 131522 (wfb::objective united_nations_framework_convention_on_climate_change "to achieve stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a low enough level to prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system" );; line 131524 (wfb::parties united_nations_framework_convention_on_climate_change "(119) Albania, Algeria, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Burkina, Burma, Cameroon, Canada, Chad, Chile, China, Comoros, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cote d’Ivoire, Cuba, Czech Republic, Denmark, Dominica, Ecuador, Egypt, Estonia, Ethiopia, European Union, Fiji, Finland, France, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Grenada, Guinea, Guyana, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Lebanon, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Monaco, Mongolia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, San Marino, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Slovakia, Solomon Islands, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Tuvulu, Uganda, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Western Samoa, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe" );; line 131528 (wfb::|countries that have signed, but not yet ratified| united_nations_framework_convention_on_climate_change "(54) Afghanistan, Angola, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Bhutan, Bulgaria, Burundi, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Colombia, Congo, Croatia, Cyprus, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Gabon, Ghana, Guatemala, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Honduras, Iran, Israel, Kazakhstan, Kiribati, Latvia, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Madagascar, Moldova, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nicaragua, Niger, Oman, Panama, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovenia, South Africa, Suriname, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Ukraine, Yemen, former Yugoslavia" );; line 131545 (wfb::see wetlands "Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially As Waterfowl Habitat (Ramsar)" );; line 131558 (wfb::see whaling "International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling" );; line 131565 (wfb::markup-parameter table weights_and_measures "frame=\"none\" id=\"appf1\"" );; line 131570 (wfb::tabtitle weights_and_measures "Mathematical Notation" );; line 131570 (wfb::shrtabtitle weights_and_measures "Mathematical Notation" );; line 131571 (wfb::markup-parameter tgroup weights_and_measures "cols=\"2\" colsep=\"0\" rowsep=\"0\"" );; line 131572 (wfb::markup-parameter colspec weights_and_measures "colwidth=\"3.00in\"" );; line 131572 (wfb::markup-parameter colspec weights_and_measures "colwidth=\"1.51in\"" );; line 131572 (wfb::markup-parameter table weights_and_measures "id=\"appf2\"" );; line 131606 (wfb::tabtitle weights_and_measures "Metric Interrelationships" );; line 131606 (wfb::documentation weights_and_measures "Conversions from a multiple or submultiple to the basic units of meters, liters, or grams can be done using the table. For example, to convert from kilometers to meters, multiply by 1,000 (9.26 kilometers equals 9,260 meters) or to convert from meters to kilometers, multiply by 0.001 (9,260 meters equals 9.26 kilometers)" );; line 131607 (wfb::shrtabtitle weights_and_measures "Metric Interrelationships" );; line 131612 (wfb::markup-parameter tgroup weights_and_measures "cols=\"5\" colsep=\"0\" rowsep=\"0\"" );; line 131613 (wfb::markup-parameter colspec weights_and_measures "colname=\"col1\" colwidth=\"1.10in\"" );; line 131613 (wfb::markup-parameter colspec weights_and_measures "colwidth=\"1.10in\"" );; line 131614 (wfb::markup-parameter colspec weights_and_measures "colwidth=\"1.10in\"" );; line 131614 (wfb::markup-parameter colspec weights_and_measures "colwidth=\"1.10in\"" );; line 131614 (wfb::markup-parameter colspec weights_and_measures "colname=\"col5\" colwidth=\"1.10in\"" );; line 131615 (wfb::markup-parameter table weights_and_measures "id=\"appf3\"" );; line 131718 (wfb::tabtitle weights_and_measures "Equivalents" );; line 131718 (wfb::shrtabtitle weights_and_measures "Equivalents" );; line 131718 (wfb::markup-parameter tgroup weights_and_measures "cols=\"3\" colsep=\"0\" rowsep=\"0\"" );; line 131719 (wfb::markup-parameter colspec weights_and_measures "colwidth=\"1.83in\"" );; line 131719 (wfb::markup-parameter colspec weights_and_measures "colwidth=\"1.83in\"" );; line 131720 (wfb::markup-parameter colspec weights_and_measures "colwidth=\"1.83in\"" );; line 131720 (wfb::documentation estimates_of_gross_domestic_product_on_an_exchange_rate_basis "These estimates of gross domestic product on an exchange rate basis are based on official data from national statistical offices." );; line 131990 (wfb::markup-parameter table estimates_of_gross_domestic_product_on_an_exchange_rate_basis "frame=\"NONE\" id=\"appg1\"" );; line 131992 (wfb::tabtitle estimates_of_gross_domestic_product_on_an_exchange_rate_basis "Estimates of Gross Domestic Product on an Exchange Rate Basis" );; line 131992 (wfb::shrtabtitle estimates_of_gross_domestic_product_on_an_exchange_rate_basis "Estimates of Gross Domestic Product on an Exchange Rate Basis" );; line 131993 (wfb::markup-parameter tgroup estimates_of_gross_domestic_product_on_an_exchange_rate_basis "cols=\"3\" colsep=\"0\" rowsep=\"0\"" );; line 131995 (wfb::markup-parameter colspec estimates_of_gross_domestic_product_on_an_exchange_rate_basis "colwidth=\"2.50in\"" );; line 131995 (wfb::markup-parameter colspec estimates_of_gross_domestic_product_on_an_exchange_rate_basis "colwidth=\"1.00in\"" );; line 131995 (wfb::markup-parameter colspec estimates_of_gross_domestic_product_on_an_exchange_rate_basis "colwidth=\"1.00in\"" );; line 131996 (wfb::markup-parameter table cross-reference_list_of_geographic_names "id=\"apph1\"" );; line 132479 (wfb::tabtitle cross-reference_list_of_geographic_names "Cross-Reference List of Geographic Names" );; line 132479 (wfb::shrtabtitle cross-reference_list_of_geographic_names "Cross-Reference List of Geographic Names" );; line 132480 (wfb::documentation cross-reference_list_of_geographic_names "This list indicates where various names including all United States Foreign Service Posts, alternate names, former names, and political or geographical portions of larger entities can be found in The World Factbook . Spellings are not necessarily those approved by the United States Board on Geographic Names (BGN). Alternate names are included in parentheses; additional information is included in brackets." );; line 132481 (wfb::markup-parameter tgroup cross-reference_list_of_geographic_names "cols=\"3\" colsep=\"0\" rowsep=\"0\"" );; line 132487 (wfb::markup-parameter colspec cross-reference_list_of_geographic_names "colwidth=\"0.49in\"" );; line 132487 (wfb::markup-parameter colspec cross-reference_list_of_geographic_names "colwidth=\"3.27in\"" );; line 132488 (wfb::markup-parameter colspec cross-reference_list_of_geographic_names "colwidth=\"3.25in\"" );; line 132488 (wfb::markup-parameter figure "graphno=\"802373\"" );; line 135112 (wfb::markup-parameter figure "graphno=\"802374\"" );; line 135114 (wfb::markup-parameter figure "graphno=\"802375\"" );; line 135116 (wfb::markup-parameter figure "graphno=\"802376\"" );; line 135118 (wfb::markup-parameter figure "graphno=\"802377\"" );; line 135120 (wfb::markup-parameter figure "graphno=\"802378\"" );; line 135122 (wfb::markup-parameter figure "graphno=\"802379\"" );; line 135124 (wfb::markup-parameter figure "graphno=\"802380\"" );; line 135126 (wfb::markup-parameter figure "graphno=\"802381\"" );; line 135128 (wfb::markup-parameter figure "graphno=\"802382\"" );; line 135130 (wfb::markup-parameter figure "graphno=\"802383\"" );; line 135132 (wfb::markup-parameter figure "graphno=\"802384\"" );; line 135134 (wfb::markup-parameter figure "graphno=\"802385\"" );; line 135136 (wfb::markup-parameter figure "graphno=\"802386\"" );; line 135138 (wfb::markup-parameter figure "graphno=\"802387\"" );; line 135140 (wfb::markup-parameter figure "graphno=\"802388\"" );; line 135142 (wfb::markup-parameter figure "graphno=\"802389\"" );; line 135144 ))